QBOSAZWOFIF BIGONBIH FAH GABVZN FAH TAZÛ QBOSAZWOFIF OBBNSIFNZI, GOABVÅCOGI _ @QEIBOWVI.
CIGQHV CIGQH VIF FA OBMABOAZÅI OBMABOAZÅ I YQÅEOGI
QB OBMABOAZN YQÅEOGN IEJOABVIH, QBI AETZAWI.
FATIZVIEABVN IGIFÏEOGN FA YQÅEOGI, OBMABOAZÅI _ VAGBNHNMÅI AWGQAHI IGIFAEOGI TZNCAWONBIH FA OBMABOAZOI YQOEOGI IEJOABVIH
FAVAZEOBIGO×B FA @QEAFIF GÉVAFZI
; IBIHOWOW YQÅEOGN GQIBVOVIVOSN NZMÉBOGN
GIVAFZÉVOGN ; EW.G.IBFZAW GNZGOBN ZNKIW YQOBVN ZAIHO[IFN TNZ;
WAEAWVZA Cag`i
EA[I GI@QIBI,Eiry Gruz WQHHGI ZNEAZN,_asaboi WNHOAZ AWVAJIB ,Wijrobi ZNKIW EN_I ,Eiyrut`
; S ; :3 fa WAVOAEJZA fah :49= @QIBGI_N-TAZÛ
GNBVABOFN
9
OBVZNFQGGO×B............. OBVZNFQGGO×B............................ ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .................................... .....................7 7
:
NJKAVOSNW.................. NJKAVOSNW................................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. .......................................6 ........................6 :.9
NJKAVOSN MABAZIH;..................... MABAZIH;.................................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ..........................................6 ...........................6
:.:
NJKAVOSNW AWTAGÅCOGNW;........ AWTAGÅCOGNW;...................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ................................ ...................6 ..6
7
ZAWQEAB.................. ZAWQEAB................................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ....................................... ......................... 1
6
EIZGN VA×ZOGN................ VA×ZOGN.............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................... .................3 3 6.9
FAVAZEOBIGO×B FAVAZEOBIGO×B FA @QEAFIF....................... @QEAFIF...................................... ............................. .................................................. .................................... 3
6.9.9 OETNZV OETNZVIBGOI IBGOI FA HI FAVAZ FAVAZEOB EOBIBGON IBGONB B FA HI @QEAFIF @QEAFIF AB HI OBFQWVZO OBFQWVZOI I IHOEABVIZOI;......... IHOEABV IZOI;........................ ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .......................................... ........................... 3 6.:
6.:.9
OETNZVIBGOI OETNZVIBGOI FA @QEAFIF.................... @QEAFIF.................................. ............................. ................................................... ....................................= =
6.:.:
CQABVAW FA @QEAFIF;.................... @QEAFIF;................................... ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................ ..............= =
6.:.7
GHIWOCOGIGONB GHIWOCOGIGONB FA @QEAFIF;.................... @QEAFIF;................................... .............................. ............................. ................................. ...................= =
6.7
1
FACOBOGO×B FA @QEAFIF.................... @QEAFIF.................................. ............................. .............................. ............................. .............................. ...................3 ...3
EÏVNFNW EÏVNFNW FA WAGIFN................... WAGIFN.................................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ........................... ............0 0
6.7.9
EÏVNFN TNZ WAGIFN FA AWVQCI............... AWVQCI.............................. .............................. ............................................... ................................0 0
6.7.:
EÏVNFN TNZ WAGIFN AB AWVQCI AWVQCI FA SIGÅN................. SIGÅN............................... ..........................................94 ............................94
6.7.7
EÏVNFN FA WAGIFN AB VAZENJIHIB[I..................... VAZENJIHIB[I................................... ............................. ............................99 .............99
6.7.6
EÏVNFN FA FAWVOHIGO×B FAWVOHIGO×B I[ANVZ×TOGI.......... I[ANVZ×TOGI......................... ............................. ................................. .........................99 ......99
6.7.1
EÏVNFN FA LIZH COWG@AZ................... COWG@AZ.................................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ........................97 .........97
TIZVA APTAZOEABVIH................. APTAZOEABVIH................................ ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. .................................. .................... 91 1.9
EIVAZOIHAW EIVAZOIHAW _ EAVNFNW................ EAVNFNW.............................. ............................. .............................. .................................................... ..................................... 91
3 =
FOWGQWONB FA ZAWQHV ZAWQHVIFNW........................... IFNW.......................................... .............................. ............................. ............................................91 ..............................91 GNBGHQWONBAW...... GNBGHQWONBAW.................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ..................................... ........................... ....91 91
0
JOJHONMZICÅI................... JOJHONMZICÅI.................................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. .............................. ................93 93
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IBAPNW................. IBAPNW................................ .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ......................................... ........................... 93
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9 OBVZNFQGGO×B Vnfns hns ihoeabtns gnbtoabab imui ab eiynr n eabnr prnpnrgo÷b. Ah imui sa abguabtri ab hns ihoeabtns ab fns topns fa cnreis; imui hojra y imui homifi. Ah imui hojra as hi cnrei prafneobibta, sa hojari gnb cigohofif pnr avipnrigo÷b n pnr sagifn. Ah imui homifi asté gnejobifi n ubofi ab ihmubi cnrei quåeogi i his prntaåbis y i his enhïguhis fa sigérofns y ifsnrjofi ab hi suparcogoa fa his pirtåguhis gnhnofihas. (@irt, 9??9). Ah gnbngar su pnrgabtika as fa suei oepnrtibgoi pnrqua gnb ahhi sa hnmri gnbngar hi gnepns gnepnsogo÷b ogo÷b gabtasoe gabtasoeih, ih, gnbtrnhir his eitaro eitarois is proeis ab hi obfust obfustroi roi y cigohotir cigohotir su ahij ahijnr nrig igo÷ o÷b, b, pr prnh nhnb nbmi mirr su gnbs gnbsar arvi vigo go÷b ÷b oe oepo pofo foab abfn fn ah fa fasi sirr rrnh nhhn hn fa eogrn eogrnnrm nrmibo ibose sens ns y ntris ntris raiggo raiggonb nbas as fa fat fatar aron onrn rn qu quåe åeog ogis is n ab abzo zoeé eétotogi giss obfasaijhas, eibtabar su taxturi y gnbsostabgoi, crabir hns obtabtns fa criufa y ifuhtarigo÷b so ah prnfugtn bn guepha hns håeotas cokifns pnr hi bnreitovi vomabta, atg. Tnr astis riznbas faja sahaggonbirsa guofifnsieabta ah eïtnfn i iphogir piri hi fatareobigo÷b fa `ueafif ab ub ihoeabtn, yi qua ub eosen eïtnfn bn sorva piri tnfns hns ihoeabtns. Ab mabarih, hns eés usifns iphogib ub goartn mrifn fa gihnr. Ah ihoeabtn sucra giejons qua puafab icagtir ah vihnr njtabofn gnen `ueafif. Wa poar poarfa fab b gn gnep epuas uastn tnss vn vnhé hétotoha hass ku kubt btn n gn gnb b ah im imui, ui, gnen gnen ihgn ihgn`n `nh,h, igao igaota tass asabgoihas y eitaroi mrisi. Ab asta obcnrea prasabtiraens ah eïtnfns pnr sagifn piri hi fatareobigo÷b fa `ueafif y axphogiraens ab qua gnbsosta gifi ubi fa ahhis ifaeés fa fasirrnhhir fatihhifieab fatihh ifieabta ta ah prngafoeoab prngafoeoabtn, tn, eitaroiha eitaroihass y aquopns aquopns i usir piri su raihoz raihozigo÷b igo÷b ab ah hijnritnron.
7
: NJKAVOSNW :.9 NJ NJKAV KAVOSN OSN MAB MABAZI AZIH; H; Ibihozir ah cubfieabtn fa hns eïtnfns pnr sagifn piri hi fatareobigo÷b fa `ueafif.
:.: NJ NJKAV KAVOSN OSNW W AWTAG AWTAGÅCO ÅCOGNW GNW;;
Gnbngar ah prngafoeoabtn axparoeabtih fa gifi ubn fa hns fostobtns eïtnfns pnr sagifn piri hi fatareobigo÷b fa `ueafif piri su raihozigo÷b
ab ah hijnritnron. Gihguhir ah pnrgabtika fa `ueafif fa ub ihoeabtn utohozibfn ah eïtnfn fa sagifn ab astuci y pnr ah eïtnfn fa taren jihibzi.
7 ZAWQEAB
6
Hi fatareobigo÷b fa `ueafif as ubi fa his tïgbogis fa eiynr usn ab ah prngasifn, gnbtrnh y gnbsarvigo÷b fa hns ihoeabtns y eés oepnrtibtas, puastn qua hi eiynråi fa hns prnfugtns ihoeabtogons pnsaab ub eiynr gnbtabofn fa imui. Ah gnbt gnbtab abof ofn n fa `u `uea eafi fif f ab ub ihoe ihoeab abtn tn as, as, cr crag agua uabt btae aeab abta ta,, ub åbfo åbfoga ga fa astijohofif fah prnfugtn. Tnr ntri pirta, ah gnbtrnh fa hi `ueafif as ub cigtnr fagosovn fagoso vn ab eug`ns prngasns obfust obfustroihas roihas tihas gnen hi enhoabfi fa garaih garaihas, as, ah eazghifn fa prnfugtns s÷hofns cobns, ab hi ahijnrigo÷b fa pib, atg. Iså eosen, ab hi avihuigo÷b fa eug`ns prngasns obfustroihas obfustroihas as fa mrib oepnrt oepnrtibgoi ibgoi gnbngar ah gnbtabofn fa imui fa hns prnfugtns n eitarois proeis piri cnreuhir ah prnfugtn y avihuir his pïrfofis furibta ah prngasifn. Axostab focarabtas eïtnfns piri hi fatareobigo÷b fa `ueafif abtra ahhns hi fah eïtnfn fa sagifn, as ubn fa hns eïtnfns eés gneubas qua sa usi, ah pnrgabtika fa imui sa fatareobi pnr focarabgoi fa pasns, fajofn i hi ahoeobigo÷b fa imui pnr avipnrozigo÷b. Abtra hns eïtnfns pnr sagifn abgnbtriens ih eïtnfn pnr sagifn fa astuci, gnbsosta ab hi utohozigo÷b fa ubi astuci qua vi i avipnrir ah imui, fatareobébfnsa ah pnrgabtika fa imui pnr focarabgoi fa pasns. Tnr ntrn hifn tabaens ah eïtnfn pnr sagifn ab astuci fa vigån, rifogi ab ah probgopon cosognquåeogn qua rahigonbi hi praso÷b fa vipnr gnb hi praso÷b fah sostaei i ubi taeparituri fifi, fa asta enfn sa rafuga su pubtn fa ajuhhogo÷b. Viejoïb asté ah eïtnfn fa sagifn ab tarenjihibzi sa jisi ab `igar avipnrir hi euastri gnbtobuieabta `isti qua ah pasn fa asta sa eibtabmi gnbstibta. Ah eïtnfn fa fastohigo÷b izantr÷pogi sa utohozi piri criggonbir i ub gnepuastn iza÷trnpn i trivïs fa ubi fastohigo÷b gnen hi fah xohabn y tnhuabn. Eïtnfn fa Lirh Cosg`ar sa triti fa ub prngafoeoabtn fa ibéhosos quåeogn jisifn ab hi nxofigo÷b fa fo÷xofn fa izucra gnb ynfn ab ubi snhugo÷b fa `ofr÷xofn ` ofr÷xofn eatåhogn (V (Vnhafn,:494). nhafn,:494).
1
6 EIZGN VA×ZOGN 6.9 FAVA FAVAZEOB ZEOBIGO IGO×B ×B F FA A@ @QEAF QEAFIF IF 6.9.9 OETNZVIBGOI OETNZVIBGOI FA HI FAVAZEOBIBGONB FA FA HI @QEAFIF AB HI OBFQWVZOI OBFQW VZOI IHOEABVIZOI; 9) Ah gneprifnr gneprifnr fa eitaroi eitaroiss proeis bn bn fasai ifquoror ifquoror imui imui ab axgasn. axgasn. :) Ah imui, so so asté prasabta prasabta pnr abgoei abgoei fa goartns goartns bovahas, bovahas, cigohoti cigohoti ah fasirrnhhn fasirrnhhn fa hns eogrnnrmibosens. 7) Tir Tiri i hi eib eibtaq taquoh uohhi, hi, eirmiro eirmirobi, bi, hag`a hag`a ab pnhvn y qua quasn sn asté saùihif saùihifn n ah eéxoen hamih. 6) Hn Hnss ei eita taro roih ihas as pu puhv hvar aruh uhab abtn tnss sa im imhn hnea eari rib b ab pr prasa asabg bgoi oi fa im imui, ui, pn pnr r akaephn izûgir y sih. 1) Hi `u `uea eafi fif f fa tr trom omn n fa faja ja ik ikus usti tirs rsa a if ifag agui uifi fiea eabt bta a pi piri ri ci cigo gohohoti tirr hi enhoabfi. 3) Hi gibtofif gibtofif fa fa imui prasabta prasabta puafa icagtir icagtir hi taxturi. taxturi. =) Hi fatareobigo fatareobigo÷b ÷b fah gnbtabofn gnbtabofn ab ab imui raprasabti raprasabti ubi ubi våi sabgohhi sabgohhi piri ah gnbtrnh fa hi gnbgabtrigo÷b ab his fostobtis atipis fa hi cijrogigo÷b fa ihoeabtns.
6.: FA FACOB COBOGO OGO×B ×B FA @QEA @QEAFI FIF F Hi `ueafif as ub ahaeabtn fah ghoei, ih omuih qua hi taeparituri y hi praso÷b itenscïrogi, y sa facoba gnen hi gibtofif fa vipnr fa imui gnbtabofi ab hi ite÷scari, as fagor, as ah imui u ntrn håquofn qua oeprambi hi suparcogoa n ah obtaronr fa ub guarpn. Hi pihijri, gnen tih, prnvoaba fah hitåb `ueofĥtis, `ueofotĉtos. Hi riei fa his Goabgois cåsogis qua toaba pnr njkatn astufoir hi prnpnrgo÷b fa `ueafif ab hi ite÷scari as hi @omrneatråi, y ah ipiritn qua eofa hi `ueafif sa hhiei `omr÷eatrn.
6.:.9 OETNZV OETNZVIBGOI IBGOI FA @QEAFIF @QEAFIF Hi `ueafif as cubfieabtih piri hi vofi ab hi Voarri y piri hi raihozigo÷b fa eug`ns prngasns biturihas. Gnen tih, asté prasabta ab prégtogieabta tnfn hn qua bns rnfai. Ab tnfns hns guarpns vovns, iboeihas n vamatihas, ab his bujas, ab hi toarri, ab hns ihoeabtns qua gnbsueoens, ab ah gïspaf crån fah pirqua, ab his mntis qua sa if`oarab i his pirafas fa ub visn crån, ab ah `uen fah gicï n ab ub jasn.
6.:.: CQABVAW CQABVAW FA @QEAFIF; @QEAFIF; Vnfn humir fnbfa `iy imui gnb pnsojohofif fa gihabtirsa y avipnrirsa, as cuabta fa `ueafif. Tnr asn hns Ngïibns, qua ragojab ah gihnr fah snh, qua 3
avipnri ah imui, pnr su mrib eisi fa håquofi, snb hi cuabta probgopih fa `ueafif, iubqua tiejoïb gnbtrojuyab i cnreirhi hns råns, irrnyns y himns .
6.:.7 GHIWOCOGI GHIWOCOGIGONB GONB FA FA @QEAFIF; @QEAFIF; I) @QEAFIF IVENWCÏZOGI Ab Eatanrnhnmåi, gnen `ueafif itenscïrogi sa fabneobi hi gibtofif fa vipnr fa imui qua `iy ab hi ite÷scari. Gnen tih, as eafofi gnb ah `omr÷eatrn. J) @Q @QEA EAFI FIF F FAH IO IOZA ZA Hi `ueafif fah iora as ah vipnr fa imui prasabta ab hi ite÷scari. Gnen tih, ah vipnr fa imui sa nromobi pnr hi avipnrigo÷b fa his imuis eirobis y gnbtobabtihas (råns, himns, atg.), iså gnen iquahhi qua prnvoaba fa hns saras vovns, gnen hns iboeihas y his phibtis. G) @QE @QEAFI AFIF F IJW IJWNHQ NHQV VI Gnen `ueafif ijsnhuti sa fabneobi ah pasn fah vipnr fa imui qua, pnr ubofif fa vnhueab, gnbtoaba ah iora fa iejoabta (Itenscari). Tnr hn mabarih, sa eofa ab mriens pnr eatrn gûjogn. Hi `ueafif ijsnhuti as foragtieabta prnpnrgonbih i hi taeparituri, guibtn eés gihnr, eés `ueafif. F) @QEAF @QEAFIF IF ZAHIVOS ZAHIVOSI I Hi `ueafif rahitovi as ah pnrgabtika fa hi eisi fa vipnr fa imui qua `iy ab ub vnhueab fa iora, y hi qua asta tabfråi so astuvoari siturifn. Eoabtris eés pr÷xoen abguabtripnr astahnvihnr 944% obfogitovnvovor, fa qua `ûeafn asté sa ah iejoabta, tibtn,i as euyasobg÷enfn y saeés soabta qua cihti ah iora. Hi `ueafif rahitovi as obvarsieabta prnpnrgonbih i hi taeparituri ab his gipis itenscïrogis jikis. A) @QE @QEAFI AFIF FF FAH AH WQAHN WQAHN Gnen `ueafif fah suahn sa fabneobi hi gibtofif fa imui qua, pnr vnhueab fa toarri, `iy prasabta ab ub tarrabn. Gnen tih, as ubi girigtaråstogi cubfieabtih piri hi cnreigo÷b, gnbsarvigo÷b, cartohofif y prnfugtovofif fa hns suahns, iså gnen piri hi mareobigo÷b, gragoeoabtn y fasirrnhhn fa his phibtis. =
C) @QE @QEAFI AFIF F AB IHO IHOEAB EABVN VNW W Vnfns hns ihoeabtns gnbtoabab goartn mrifn fa `u `ueafif, eafif, qua puafa viroir abtra 34% y ?1%. Gnen tih, hi `ueafif as ub piréeatrn cubfieabtih i hi `nri fa gnbsofarir hi gihofif fa hns ihoeabtns, iså gnen sus guihofifas nrmibnhïptogis y butrogonbihas.
6.7 EÏV EÏVNFN NFNW WF FA A WAGI WAGIFN FN Axostab focarabtas eïtnfns fa sagifn y ub eiynr bûearn fa enfocogigonbas fa hns eosens. Ah eïtnfn asgnmofn fapabfa fah topn fa ihoeabtn qua sa vi i fas`ofritir, ah bovah fa gihofif qua sa puafa ihgibzir y ah gnstn qua sa puafa kustocogir. Axostab abtra hns eïtnfns fa sagifn pnr gnbvaggo÷b fah iora, sagifnras fa tiejnr n rnfohhn y sagifnras ih vigån. Ihmubns fa astns sorvab piri ihoeabtns håquofns y ntrns piri s÷hofns. Gifi ubn fa astns eïtnfns toaba ub bûearn eiynr fa viroibtas qua sa ikustib i his bagasofifas fa vnhûeabas y girigtaråstogis fa prnfugtns cobihas.
6.7.9 EÏVNFN EÏVNFN TNZ WAGIFN WAGIFN FA AWVQC AWVQCI Hi fatareobigo÷b fa sagifn ab astuci sa jisi ab hi pïrfofi fa pasn fa hi euastri pnr avipnrigo÷b fah imui. Tiri astn sa raquoara qua hi euastri sai tïreogieabta astijha y qua bn gnbtabmi ubi gibtofif sombocogitovi fa gnepuastns vnhétohas. Ah probgopon nparigonbih fah eïtnfn fa fatareobigo÷b fa `ueafif utohozibfn astuci y jihibzi ibihåtogi, obghuya hi prapirigo÷b fa hi euastri, pasifn, sagifn, abcroifn y pasifn buavieabta fa hi euastri (Bnhhat, 9??3). . Bntis snjra his fatareobigonbas fa `ueafif ab astuci. 9. Hns prn prnfug fugtns tns gnb ub ah ahavif avifn n gnbt gnbtabof abofn n ab izûgir izûgiras as y his girb girbas as gnb ub ahavifn gnbtabofn ihtn fa mrisi fajab fas`ofritirsa ab astuci fa vigån i taeparituris qua bn axgafib fa =4´G. :. Hns eït eïtnfns nfns fa fas fas`ofriti `ofritigo÷b go÷b ab as astuci tuci sn snb b obifag obifaguifns uifns pir piri i prnfugt prnfugtns, ns, gnen his aspagoas, rogis ab sustibgois vnhétohas fostobtis fah imui. 7. Hi aho ahoeob eobigo igo÷b ÷b fah imui fa ubi eua euastr stri i raquo raquoara ara qua hi pras praso÷b o÷b pirg pirgoih oih fa imui ab hi cisa fa vipnr sai obcaronr i hi qua ihgibzi ab hi euastri< fa i`å qua sai bagasiron goartn envoeoabtn fah iora< ab ubi astuci fa iora sa hnmri ijro ij roab abfn fn pir pirgo goih ihea eabt bta a hi va vabt btohohigo igo÷b ÷b y ab hi hiss as astu tuci ciss fa vig vigån ån fi fibf bfn n abtrifi i ubi habti gnrroabta fa iora sagn. 6. Hi tae taepari paritur turi i bn as omu omuih ih ab hns fostobt fostobtns ns pubtns pubtns fa hi astuc astuci, i, fa i`å hi gnbvaboabgoi fa gnhngir ah juhjn fah tare÷eatrn ab his prnxoeofifas fa hi euastri. His viroigonbas `isti eés fa tras abeés hns topns ibtomuns, ab hns qua puafab ah iora saihgibzir euava pnr gnbvaggo÷b. Hismrifns astucis 0
enfarbis fa asta topn astéb aquopifis gnb acogigas sostaeis, qua hi taeparituri bn viråi ub mrifn ab his fostobtis znbis. 1. Eug Eug`ns `ns prnfug prnfugtns tns snb, tris su fas`of fas`ofrit ritigo igo÷b, ÷b, jisti jistibta bta `omrn `omrnsg÷ sg÷pog pogns< ns< as pragosn pnr ahhn gnhngir hi tipi fa eibari qua ikusta tibtn gnen sai pnsojha obeafoitieabta faspuïs fa ijror hi astuci y as bagasiron tiejoïb pasir hi gépsuhi tib prnbtn gnen ihgibga hi taeparituri iejoabta< piri astn puafa pragosirsa `isti ubi `nri so sa utohozi ub fasagifnr fa vofron. 3. Hi raig raiggo go÷b ÷b fa pirf pirfai ai eoab eoabtn tn qua sa prnfuga prnfuga pnr ob obta tari riggo ggo÷b ÷b abtr abtra a hn hnss ieobnégofns y hns izûg ûgi ira rass ra raf fugt ugtnras hojari imui fur uri ibt bta a hi fas`ofritigo÷b y sa igahari taeparituris ahavifis. Hns ihoeabtns rogns ab prntaåbis y izûgiras rafugtnras fajab, pnr ahhn, fasagirsa gnb pragiugo÷b, fa pracarabgoi ab ubi astuci fa vigån i 34´G (@irt, 9??9). .
6.7.9.9 SABVIKIW SABVIKIW
As ub eïtnfn gnbvabgonbih As gnbvaboabta As répofn y pragosn Wa puafab ignenfir virois euastris Wa hhami i hi taeparituri fasaifi eés répofieabta
6.7.9.: FAWSABVIKIW FAWSABVIKIW
Hi taeparituri vi chugtuir fajofn ih tieiùn fa hi pirtåguhi, pasn fa hi euastri, pnsogo÷b fa hi euastri ab ah `nrbn, atg. Tïrfofi fa sustibgois vnhétohas furibta ah sagifn Fasgnepnsogo÷b fa hi euastri, akaephn; a kaephn; izûgir.
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6.7.: EÏVNFN TNZ WAGIFN AB AWVQCI AWVQCI FA FA SIGÅN SIGÅN Wa jisi ab ah probgopon cosognquåeogn qua rahigonbi hi praso÷b fa vipnr gnb hi praso÷b fah sostaei i ubi taeparituri fifi. Wo sa ijita hi praso÷b fah sostaei, sa ijita hi praso÷b fa vipnr y bagasiroieabta sa rafuga su pubtn fa ajuhhogo÷b. Wo sa sustria iora fa ubi astuci pnr eafon fa vigån sa obgraeabti hi vahngofif fah sagifn. As bagasiron qua hi astuci tabmi ubi sihofi fa iora gnbstibta y qua hi praso÷b bn axgafi hns 944 ee @m. y =4´G, fa eibari qua hi euastri bn sa fasgnepnbmi y qua bn sa avipnrab hns gnepuastns vnhétohas fa hi euastri, guyi praso÷b fa vipnr tiejoïb `i sofn enfocogifi.
6.7.:.9 SABVIKIW SABVIKIW
Wa gihoabti i jiki taeparituri y pnr hn tibtn sa pravoaba hi fasgnepnsogo÷b fa hi euastri. As ra ragn gnea eabf bfijh ijha a pir piri i eu euast astris ris qu qua a gn gnbt btab abmi mib b gn gnep epua uast stns ns vn vnhé hétotoha hass nrmébogns Gihabtieoabtn y avipnrigo÷b gnbstibta y ubocnrea.
6.7.:.: FAWSABVIKIW FAWSABVIKIW
Hi acogoabgoi as jiki piri ihoeabtns gnb ihti `ueafif
6.7.7 EÏVNFN EÏVNFN FA WAGIFN WAGIFN AB VAZENJIHIB VAZENJIHIB[I [I
94
Asta eïtnfn sa jisi ab avipnrir fa eibari gnbtobui hi `ueafif fa hi euastri y ah ramostrn gnbtobun fa hi pïrfofi fa pasn, `isti qua hi euastri sa sotûa i pasn gnbstibta. Ah arrnr fa pasifi ab asta eïtnfn sa eoboeozi guibfn hi euastri bn sa axpnba gnbstibtaeabta ih iejoabta.
6.7.7.9 SABVIKIW SABVIKIW
Fatareobi ah imui foragtieabta y bn pnr pïrfofi fa pasn. Ah fospnsotovn as sabgohhn fa eibakir Vnei pngn toaepn Wa pravoaba hi nxofigo÷b fa hi euastri Bn sa icagti hi `ueafif fah iejoabta
6.7.7.: FAWSABVIKIW FAWSABVIKIW
Jiki pragoso÷b fah fospnsotovn piri eafor vnhueab fa imui Hns fosnhvabtas obeosgojhas gnen tnhuabn snb obchieijhas Wa puafa ramostrir ihtns rasofuns fajofn i hi fastohigo÷b fa gnepnbabtas snhujhas ab imui, gnen mhogarnh y ihgn`nh. Guihquoar oepurazi puafa mabarir rasuhtifns arr÷bans
6.7.6 EÏVNFN EÏVNFN FA FAWVOHIGO FAWVOHIGO×B ×B I[ANVZ×TO I[ANVZ×TOGI GI Ab ah giepn fa hi quåeogi, sa gnbnga gnen fastohigo÷b izantr÷pogi, i hi tïgbogi qua qu a sa utoh utohoz ozi i pi piri ri cr crig iggo gonb nbir ir i ub gnep gnepua uast stn n iza÷ iza÷tr trnp npn n i tr triv ivïs ïs fa ub ubi i fastohigo÷b. Yuozés hi fastohigo÷b izantr÷pogi eés tåpogi y gneûb as hi qua sa raihozi fa hi eazghi qua gnbcnreib ah atibnh y ah @:N, iubqua gnb asti tïgbogi snhn sa gnbsomua purocogir ih ihgn`nh ab tnrbn i ub ?1%. I`nri ah eïtnfn sa jisi ab hi fastohigo÷b soeuhtébai fah imui gnb ub håquofn obeosgojha ab prnpnrgonbas gnbstibtas. Ah imui as fastohifi ab ub håquofn obeosgojha fa ihtn ihtn pubt pubtn n fa aj ajuh uhhohogo go÷b ÷b,, gn gnen en sn snb b tn tnhu huab abn n y xoha xohabn bn.. Ah imu imui i fa fast stohohif ifi i y gnbfabsifi sa ragnhagti ab ubi triepi Jofwahh piri eafor ah vnhueab (var Com. 9).
99
Com. 9. Foimriei fa fastohigo÷b izantr÷pogi Bntis snjra hns prngafoeoabtns fa fastohigo÷b gnb fosnhvabta. 9. Wa ra ragneoa gneoabfi bfi a aephair ephair hns ssomuoa omuoabtas btas fosnhv fosnhvabtas; abtas;
FOWNHSABVAW Vatrighnrurn fa girjnbn Jabgabn Eatoh goghn `axibn Vnhuabn Vatrighnrnatohabn Pohabn
TQBVNW fa AJQHHOGONB(´G) == 04 944 999 9:9 97=-964
:. Hi Isn Isngoi goigo÷ go÷b b Iear Iearogi ogibi bi fa Gne Gneargo argon n Aspago Aspagois, is, ab sus eïtn eïtnfns fns ncogo ncogoiha ihass ibihåtogns, ragneoabfi ah usn fa jabgabn ab humir fa tnhuabn, gnb prnfugtns tihas gnen pomeabtns rnkns, gajnhhis fas`ofritifis, ikns fas`ofritifns, atg., qua snb rogns ab izug ugi iras y ntris sustib ibggois qua pua uaf fab fasgnepnbarsa, hojaribfn imui, i hi taeparituri fa ajuhhogo÷b fa tnhuabn. 7. As prago pragosn sn hoep hoepoir oir hi tnt tntihofif ihofif f fah ah ipirit ipiritn, n, gifi va vazz qua sa uto utohoga, hoga, ggnb nb égofn suhcûrogn-jogrneitn, abkuimirhn proearn gnb imui y huamn gnb ihgn`nh y, cobiheabta, sagirhn. 9:
6. Fa Faja ja gi gihohojr jrirs irsa a ah gnh gnhagt agtnr nr pnr su suga gaso sovi viss fa fast stohohig igon onba bass gnb gnb tnhu tnhuabn abn fa gibtofifas fa imui eafofis gnb pragoso÷b. His hagturis fajab iprnxoeirsa ab gabtïsoeis fa eohohotrn. 1. Hi ahag ahaggo go÷b ÷b fah fah gnha gnhagt gtnr nr fa fapa pabf bfa a fa fahh vnhu vnhuea eab b fa imui imui qua qua sa aspa aspari ri ra ragn gnmar mar,, fa fahh mr mrif ifn n fa prago pragoso so÷b ÷b raquar raquarof ofn n y fa hi ci cigo gohohofi fif f gnb qua qua ah fosnhvabta rachuyi. 6.7.6.9 SABVIKIW SABVIKIW
As ub eïtnfn saeoiutneétogn y iutneétogn Hi euastri bn as raenvofi pnr hn tibtn ah arrnr fa pasifi as eåboen
6.7.6.: FAWSABVIKIW FAWSABVIKIW
As axgahabta piri obvastomigo÷b parn bn as prégtogn
6.7.1 EÏVNFN EÏVNFN FA FA LIZH LIZH COWG@ COWG@AZ AZ As ah ûbogn eïtnfn quåeogn gneûbeabta usifn piri hi fatareobigo÷b fa imui ab ihoeabtns qua pragosieabta sa jisi ab su raigtovn. Asta raigtovn cua fasgujoartn ab 9? 9?73 73 yporofobi gn gnbs bsti tisob faaejirmn ynfn yn fn,, fo÷xo fopnr ÷xofn fn fa iz izuc ucra ra, ub ubi i ie ieob obi iy (n (nro romo mobi bihe heab abta sa aephaiji guastonbas fa, samurofif tnxogofif sataasté raaephizibfn pnr oeofiznh) ab ub ihgn`nh (akaephn eatibnh). Obogoiheabta, ah fo÷xofn fa izucra raiggonbi gnb ah eatibnh piri cnreir ah ïstar ah guih as bautrihozifn bautrihozifn pnr hi jisa (9). Ah ïstar as nxofifn pnr ah ynfn i eatoh suhc suhcitn itn ab ubi raiggo÷b qua obvnhugri ih imui (:). His raiggonbas snb his somuoabtas; /G@7N@ + WN: + ZB \ZB@UWN7G@7 ……………………………………………… (9) /@:N + O: + \ZB@UWN7G@7 +:ZB \ZB@U (WN6)G@7 + :\ZB@UO ………. (:) @ijotuiheabta sa utohozi ub axgasn fa fo÷xofn fa izucra, porofobi y eatibnh fa eibari qua hi cuarzi fah raigtovn vabmi fatareobifi pnr hi gnbgabtrigo÷b fa ynfn. Asta raigtovn as ub pnfarnsn fas`ofritibta, pnr hn qua tibtn hi euastri gnen ah raigtov raig tovn n faj fajab ab prntama prntamarsa rsa gnb gnbtri tri hi `ue `ueafi afif f fah ior iora, a, guih guihquo quoari ari qua sai hi tïgbogi usifi. Wa `iga pnr totuhigo÷b y ast astis puaf afa ab sar vo vossuih ihas as n pnta pn tabg bgon oneï eïtr trog ogis. is. Ab su cn cnre rei i eés eés soep soepha ha ah eo eose sen n ra raig igtotovn vn cu cubg bgon onbi bi gne gnen n obfogifns. Hi fosnhugo÷b euastri eibtoaba ub gnhnr ieirohhn gibiron eoabtris `iyi imui, qua giejoi huamn i ieirohhn grneitn y faspuïs i pirfn ab ah eneabtn fah vora. Ab su cnrei eés soepha ah eïtnfn pntabgoneïtrogn gnbsti fa ubi cuabta fa gnrroabta foragti, ub ra÷stitn, ub mihvib÷eatrn n eogrn ieparåeatrn y ahagtrnfns fa phitobn, fns gnsis snb bagasirois piri hi fatareobigo÷b; ubi focarabgoi fa pntabgoih qua bns fï ubi gnrroabta y ah gnbtigtn fah totuhibta gnb ah ibihotn. 97
Asta eïtnfn sa iphogi i ihoeabtns gnb jikn gnbtabofn fa `ueafif pnr akaephn crutis y vamatihas fas`ofritifns, igaota y gicï tnstifn, bn as ragneabfijha piri ihoeabtns gnb ihtn gnbtabofn fa `ueafif. / 6.7.1.9 SABVIKIW SABVIKIW
As ub eïtnfn astébfir piri absiyns fa `ueafif Tragoso÷b y axigtotuf eés ihtns qua ntrns eïtnfns As ûtoh piri fatareobir imui ab mrisis y igaotas pravoboabfn qua hi euastri sa nxofa. Qbi Qb i va vazz qu qua a ah fosp fospns nsototov ovn n sa en enbt bti i hi fat fatare areobi obigo go÷b ÷b tnei tnei pn pngns gns eobutns
6.7.1.: FAWSABVIKIW FAWSABVIKIW
Hns raigtovns fajab sar ZI piri prapirir ah raigtovn fa Cosg`ar Ah pubtn fa aquovihabgoi fa totuhigo÷b puafa sar focågoh fa fatareobir Ah raigtovn fa fa Cosg`ar as obastijha faja astibfirozirsa ob sotu. Ah fospnsotovn hi totuhigo÷b faja yprntamarsa fa hi `ueafif itenscïrogi fajofn i hi axgasovi sabsojohofif fah raigtovn i hi `ueafif. Ah usn fa hi porofobi qua as euy raigtovi.
96
1 TIZVA IZVA APTA APTAZO ZOEA EABV BVIH IH 1.9 EI EIVAZO VAZOIHAW IHAW _ E EAVNF AVNFNW NW 1.9.9 EIVAZOIHAW _ ZAIGVOSNW; ZAIGVOSNW; i) j) g) f) a) c) m) `) o) k)
Gi Gips psuh uhi if fa ap pnr nrga gahi hibi bi To Tobz bzis is p pir iri i gr gros osnh nh Aspétuhi Euastri En Enrt rtar arn nyp pos ostotohn hn Thi Thitoh tohhn hn f fa a ih ihueo ueobon bon pir piri i ta taren ren jih jihibz ibzi i Ji Jihi hibz bzi i ib ibih ihåt åtog ogi i Ast Astuci uci ggnb nb gn gnbtr btrnh nh fa taep taepari aritur turi i Vare ren nj ji ihibzi Fasagifnr
1.9.: 1.9 .: TZNGAF TZNGAFOEO OEOAB ABVN; VN; Wagifn ab astuci 9.- Ab ubi gipsuhi fa pnrgahibi i pasn gnbstibta, pasir fa : i 6 m fa hi euastri fostrojuyïbfnhi ubocnreaeabta. :.- Gnhngir ab hi astuci i ?1-944 ´G `isti pasn gnbstibta (iprnxoeifieabta 1 `nris) 7.- Vribscaror hi gipsuhi ih obtaronr fah fasagifnr `isti qua ïsti ihgibga hi taeparituri iejoabta (fa 91 i 74 eob) 6.- Zaihozir hns géhguhns; Tnrgabtika fa `ueafif 5 \(T:-T9) x 944U/E Ab fnbfa; T: 5 pasn fa hi gépsuhi y hi euastri `ûeafi ab mriens. T9 5 pasn fa hi gépsuhi y hi euastri sagi ab mriens. E 5 pasn fa hi euastri ab mriens.
EAVNFN FA WAGIFN AB AWVQCI 91
TZNGAFOEOABVN APTAZOEABVIH;
• 5 pasn fa hi gépsuhi y hi euastri `ûeafi ab mriens. •
5 pasn fa hi gépsuhi y hi euastri sagi ab mriens.
• 5 Tasn fa hi euastri ab mriens. TAWN FA GÉTWQHI 9; 71.=? m TAWN FA GÉTWQHI :; 73.6? m EQAWVZI
T:(m)
T9(m)
E(m)
9
70.=?
70.30
7.44
:
7?.6?
7?.7?
7.44
AGQIGONB MABAZIH TNZGABVIKA FA @QEAFIF 5 % FA @QEAFIF TIZI HI EQAWVZI 9;
% FA @QEAFIF TIZI HI EQAWVZI :;
EAVNFN FA WAGIFN TNZ VAZENJIHIB[I TZNGAFOEOABVN APTAZOEABVIH;
• Eafoibt Eafoibtaa asta eïtnfn eïtnfn hns rasuhtifns rasuhtifns njtabofns njtabofns iutneégieabt iutneégieabtaa cua fa 7.=1%
93
3 FOWG FOWGQW QWON ONB B FA ZAW ZAWQH QHV VIFNW IFNW
9=
Hi fa fata tareo reobi bigo go÷b ÷b fa fahh pnr pnrga gabt btik ika a fa `ue `ueafi afif f fa hn hnss fost fostob obtn tnss prn prnfu fugt gtns ns prnvaboabtas fa hi obfustroi ihoeabtiroi as euy oepnrtibta piri hi nrmibozigo÷b yi qua ha pareota tabar gnbtrnh tntih y acogiz furibta ah prngasn fa prnfuggo÷b y iså avotir pïrfofis< Hns eïtnfns fa sagifn gnbngofns snb 1 fa hns guihas : sn snb b gn gnbst bstib ibta taea eabt bta a as astu tufo foif ifns ns ah eï eïtn tnfn fn fa sag sagif ifn n ab astuc astuci i qu qua a bn bnss pareota ibihozir virois euastris ih eosen toaepn, sob aejirmn sa gnrra ah roasmn qua hi euastri sa fasgnepnbmi fajofn i hi prasabgoi fa izûgir. _ ah eïtnfn fa sagifn ab tarenjihibzi toaba hi vabtiki fa sar iutneétogn y avoti ah arrnr ab ah pasifn fa hi euastri as eoboei yi qua asti bn as raenvofi. Ah pnrgabtika fa @ueafif njtabofn furibta his gnrrofis axparoeabtihas fa ubi euastri fa garaih gnrb chilas fa 7 mriens ab pasn sagn pnr ah eïtnfn fa sagifn ab astuci furibta 6 `nris i ubi taeparituri fa ?1´G, cua 7.=1%< asta pnrgabtika njtabofn asti fabtrn fah ribmn qua saùihi hi bnrei BNE-C:99, qua faja fa astir pnr fajikn fah 94% fa `ueafif, yi qua so snjrapisi ah 94% fi nromab i imramifns y ah gragoeoabtn fa eogrnnrmibosens ab hi suparcogoa fah ihoeabtn y iso giusiråi ub mrib fiùn i tnfi parsnbi qua gnbsuei fog`n prnfugtn (garaih). Ah pnrgabtika fa @ueafif njtabofn furibta his gnrrofis axparoeabtihas fa ubi euastri fa garaih gnrb chilas fa 7 mriens ab pasn sagn, pnr ah eïtnfn fa tarenjihibzi, sa tne÷ fitns furibta :1 eobutns i ubi taeparituri gnbstita fa ?1 ´G, y sa njtuvn gnen rasuhtifn 7.1 % fa `ueafif, asta pnrgabtika njtabofn asté fabtrn fah ribmn ab ah qua faja astir, pnr fajikn fah 94% fa `ueafif. Ah gnbtabofn fa `ueafif as ub cigtnr fa gihofif ab hi gnbsarvigo÷b fa ih ihmu mubns bns pr prnfu nfugt gtns ns,, yi qu qua a icag icagti ti hi asti astijo johohofif fif fa fa;; cr crut utis is y vam vamat atih ihas as fas`ofritifns, hag`as fas`ofritifis< `uavn ab pnhvn, pipis fas`ofritifis aspagois. Zagnrfaens qua; Hi pïrfofi axgasovi fa `ueafif as parkufogoihy aspagoiheabta piri hi ipiroabgoi y taxturi fah ihoeabtn.
90
= GNBGHQWONBAW
Axostas Axost as 1 topns fa sagifn astns snb; Eïtnfn pnr sagifn ab astuc astuci, i, Eïtnfn fa sa sagi gifn fn ab ta tare renj njih ihib ibzi zi,, Eï Eïtn tnfn fn fa fa fast stohohig igo÷ o÷b b izan izantr tr÷p ÷pog ogi, i, Eï Eïtn tnfn fn pn pnr r sagifn ab astuci fa vigån, y Eïtnfn fa Lirh Cosg`ar abtra hns guihas hns fns proearns proear ns snb hns eés gnbngo gnbngofns fns pnr hns astufoibtas astufoibtas fa Obmabo Obmaboaråi aråi Yuåeogi fa hi COY-QBGT y eés utohozifns ab hi obfustroi fa hns ihoeabtns. Ah pnrgabtika fa `ueafif fah garaih utohozibfn ah eïtnfn fa sagifn ab astuci ab ubi euastri fa 7 mriens fa garaih cua 7.=1% fa hi eisi fa hi euastri. Ah pnrgabtika fa `ueafif fa ub ihoeabtn utohozibfn ah eïtnfn fa taren jihibzi jihibz i cua 7.1% fa hi eisi fa hi euast euastri ri asta rasuhtifn as eés pragosn pnr sar ub Ibihozifnr fa @ueafif Ahagtr÷bogn.
9?
0 JOJHONMZICÅI
`ttp;//as.et.gne/as/as/`nea/suppnrtova^gnbtabt/ipphogitonb^afotnroihs/Enost
ura^fatareobitonb^jy^Lirh^Cosg`ar^9.`teh `ttp;//quoeogi.himuoi:444.gne/quoeogi-nrmibogi/fastohigonb-izantrnpogi `ttps;//roubat.upv.as/jotstraie/`ibfha/94:19/9377?/Fatareobigo%G7%J7b
%:4fa%:4`ueafif.pfc `ttp;//ppgti.ubozir.as/Sofans%:4y
%:4ntrns/Fngueabtns/TZIGVOGIW^IBIHOWOW/Trigtogi
%:49%:
[email protected] ctp;//ctp.cin.nrm/fngrap/cin/494/i`077s/I@077W4=.pfc
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? IBAPNW
Mrign B´ 9; Trngasn piri fatareobigo÷b fa @ueafif pnr ah eïtnfn fa Varenjihibzi
Mrign B´ :; Trngasn piri fatareobigo÷b fa @ueafif pnr ah eïtnfn fa Wagifn ab astuci.
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