INFORME DE REACCIONES QUIMICAS Practica 7

 

RED^BYZDMHM EHJDLEHK HIDBY]H y h MDZ]HEJDH QLEH JBE]YL ILFL]È ‚ JREMDEHOHYJH JBHM ALZÄ HJB^BML y FÚOBQ BZJRBKH Jdbejdhs Ièsdjhs, ]bjelklfïhs b Defbedbrïhs - BJI]D JRYZL1 ]bjeúklfl be Ybfbejdh mb Nhrohjdh FYRWL1 978879  ELOIYB ]R]LY ]BLYÏH1 Jhrkls Hrturl Jubrvl

DENLYOB MB WYÈJ]DJH MB KHILYH]LYDL 6 Ybhjjdlebs BZ]RMDHE]BZ1 Ohybrkd Ohybrkd ^bkhzjl ,Irhyhe Ylmrïfubz, Ohryebkh Eñøbz. NBJCH MB KH WYÈJ]DJH1 6 mb elvdboirb elvdboirb JDRMHM1 Ilfltè NBJCH MB WYBZBE]HJDÚE MBK DENLYOB1 D ENLYOB1 99-elvdboirb-9784

LIAB]D^L FBEBYHK Dopkbobethr hkfuehs rbhjjdlebs quïodjhs qub pbrodthe hpr bjdhr bk j h o i d l m b u e h l o è s su sust sthe hejd jdhs hs be lt ltrh( rh(s). s). Fb Fbeb ebrhr rhr rb rbhj hjjd jdle lebs bs qu quïo ïodj djhs hs mb ohedpukhjdúe jletrlkhmh h sbds bkbobetls(rbhjthetbs) devlkujrhmls hk dedjdl mb kh rbhjjdúe  phrh litbebr plr trhesnlrohjdlebs quïodjhs kls pprr l m uj tl tlss be tr trbb md jc hs s us th ej dh s . Hehkdzhr kls jhoidls nïsdjls qub hjhrrbhe khs rbhjjdlebs quïodjhs be kls bkbobetls qub hk sbr jlophrhmls jle kh ohtbrdh dedjdhk mbelth mdvbrshs vhrdhjdlebs be bk bsthml mb jhmh bkbobetl.

LIAB]D^LZ BZWBJDNDJLZ 

Mdnbrbejdhr kls jhoidls mb bsthml qub pubmb sunrdr ue bkbobetl (jhoidl nïsdjl) khs trhesnlrohjdlebs qub pubmb tbebr bk odsol bkbobetl hk jlevbrtdrsb be ueh l oès susthejdhs (jhoidl quïodjl).



Hpkdjhr kls jlejbptls hmqudrdmls slirb bstbqudlobtrdh phrh detbrprbthr khs rbhjjdlebs quïodjhs be tärodels mb ohsh olkbs.



Dmbetdndjhr bxpbrdobe Dmbetdndjhr bxpbrdobethkobetb thkobetb khs jkhsbs mb rbhjjdlebs quïodjhs (sïetbsds l j lo lo ppls lsdd jd jd úe mb sj l o plsd j d úe l h eè k d sd s mb spk h z h o d b et l l sustdtujdúe sbejdkkh mlikb mbspkhzhodbetl l detbrjhoidl jloiustdúe) litbedmhs. Hehkdzhr kls prlmujtls litbedmls be khs rbhjjdlebs quïodjhs h phrtdr mb kls jèkjukls tbúrdjls.

NREMHOBE]L ]BLYDJL

 

RED^BYZDMHM EHJDLEHK HIDBY]H y h MDZ]HEJDH QLEH JBE]YL ILFL]È ‚ JREMDEHOHYJH JBHM ALZÄ HJB^BML y FÚOBQ BZJRBKH Jdbejdhs Ièsdjhs, ]bjelklfïhs b Defbedbrïhs - BJI]D

Kh rbhjjdúe quïodjh bs ue Wrljbsl be bk qub ueh l oès susthejdhs kls rbhjtdvl  sb trhesnlrohe be ltrhs susthejdhs mdnbrbetbs kls prlmujtls mb kh rbhjjdúe. Re babopkl mb rbhjjdúe quïodjh bs kh nlrohjdúe mb úxdml mb cdbrrl prlmujdmh hk rbhjjdlehr bk lxïfbel mbk hdrb jle bk cdbrrl. Kls prlmujtls litbedmls h  phrtdr mb jdbrtls tdpls mb rbhjtdvls mbpbembe mb khs jlemdjdlebs ihal khs qub sb mh kh rbhjjdúe quïodjh. El listhetb, trhs ue bstumdl judmhmlsl sb jloprubih qub, huequb kls  prlmujtls pubmbe vhrdhr sbfñe sbfñ e jhoidbe khs jlemdjdlebs, mbtbrodehmhs jhetdmhmbs  pbrohebjbe jlesthetbs be juhkqudbr rbhjjdúe quïodjh. Bsths jhetdmhmbs jlesthetbs, khs ohfedtumbs jlesbrvhmhs, dejkuybe bk eñobrl mb jhmh tdpl mb ètlol prbsbetb, kh jhrfh bkäjtrdjh y kh ohsh tlthk. Kh doplrthejdh mb mdjchs rbhjjdlebs bs eltlrdh be oujcls hspbjtls mb kh vdmh mdhrdh be nbeúobels thkbs jlol bxpklsdlebs0 prljbsls vdthkbs thkbs jlol hkdobethjdúe, rbspdrhjdúe btj. ]lmhs khs susthejdhs qub h mdhrdl utdkdzhols sle l nubrle prlmujtl mb rbhjjdlebs quïodjhs.   Khs rbhjjdlebs quïodjhs sb ohedndbsthe mb hkfuehs nlrohs jlol l sle1 

Bodsdúe mb fhsbs



Bnbrvbsjbejdh



Jhoidls mb jlklr



Bodsdúe mb kuz



Bkbvhjdúe mb tbopbrhturh



Nlrohjdúe mb eubvhs susthejdhs

 

JKHZBZ L ]DWLZ MB YBHJJDLEBZ XRÏODJHZ1 WLY BK JLOWLY]HODBE]L MB KLZ YBHJ]HE]BZ

Ybhjjdúe mb jloplsdjdúe l sïetbsds Be khs rbhjjdlebs mb sïetbsds l jloplsdjdúe bs mlemb mls rbhjthetbs sb jloidehe phrh nlrohr ue slkl prlmujtl. Oujcls bkbobetls rbhjjdlehe jle ltrl mb bsth ohebrh phrh nlrohr jlopubstls, plr babopkl1 9 JhL9 ( s) + 9 CL ( D ) 9 Jh ¼

 Be bsth núroukh sb obzjkhe mls (9) olkbs mb úxdml mb jhkjdl súkdml jle mls (9) olkbs mb hfuh kïqudmh rbhjjdleh prlmujdbeml mls (9) olkbs mb cdmrúxdml mb jhkjdl be bsthml hjulsl.

 

RED^BYZDMHM EHJDLEHK HIDBY]H y h MDZ]HEJDH QLEH JBE]YL ILFL]È ‚ JREMDEHOHYJH JBHM ALZÄ HJB^BML y FÚOBQ BZJRBKH Jdbejdhs Ièsdjhs, ]bjelklfïhs b Defbedbrïhs - BJI]D

  Ybhjjdúe mb mbsjloplsdjdúe Bstb tdpl mb rbhjjdúe bs jletrhrdh h kh mb jloplsdjdúe l sïetbsds yh qub be bsth el sb uebe 9 l oès olkäjukhs phrh nlrohr ueh slkh, sdel qub ueh slkh olkäjukh sb mdvdmb l sb rlopb  phrh nlrohr vhrdhs olkäjukhs oès sbejdkkhs, s bejdkkhs, plr babopkl1 9CfL(s)↙ 9Cf(k) + L9(f)  Be bsth núroukh ueh mls (9) olkäjukh mb úxdml mb obrjurdl súkdml sb mbsjloplebe l mdvdmbe phrh nlrohr mls (9) olkäjukhs mb obrjurdl y ueh mb lxïfbel, khs juhkbs sle oès sbejdkkhs qub kh prdobrh.

Ybhjjdúe mb mbspkhzhodbetl l sustdtujdúe Be bstb tdpl mb rbhjjdúe, ue bkbobetl kdirb sustdtuyb y kdibrh h ltrl bkbobetl prbsbetb be ue jlopubstl, su bjuhjdúe fbebrhk bs1 JuZL =(hj) + Nb(s)↙ NbZL=(hj)+ Ju(s)  Be bsth rbhjjdúe ue olk mb suknhtl mb jlirb jle ue (8) olk mb cdbrrl phrh nlrohr suknhtl mb cdbrrl y jlirb

Ybhjjdúe mb mlikb sustdtujdúe, mlikb mbspkhzhodbetl l obtètbsds Zle hqubkkhs rbhjjdlebs qub sb mhe plr detbrjhoidl mb ètlols betrb kls rbhjtdvls HI + JM ↙ HJ + IM  Wlr Babopkl1 @9Z + OfZL=↙ @9ZL= + OfZ Be bsth rbhjjdúe ue (8) olk mb suknurl mb plthsdl rbhjjdleh jle suknhtl mb ohfebsdl phrh nlrohr suknhtl mb plthsdl y suknurl mb ohfebsdl.  WLY BK JLOWLY]HODBE]L MBK WYLMRJ]L Ybhjjdúe rbvbrsdikb Zle hqubkkhs rbhjjdlebs qub sb mhe thetl mb ohebrh mdrbjth jlol mb ohebrh devbrsh, bs mbjdr, qub khs susthejdhs rbhjthetbs pubmbe vlkvbr h su bstrujturh lrdfdehk. H + I ⇍J + M, Wlr Babopkl1  NbJk:+ >@ZJE ⇍ PNb (ZJE)>_@:(hj) + :@Jk Ybhjjdúe drrbvbrsdikb Zle hqubkkhs rbhjjdlebs qub sb mhe be ueh slkh mdrbjjdúe, bs mbjdr, khs susthejdhs rbhjthetbs el pubmbe vlkvbr h su nlroh lrdfdehk. H+I↙J+M  Wlr Babopkl Babopkl11 9@JkL: 9@JkL:(hj) (hj) ↙ 99@J @Jkk(s (s)) + L9(f) WLY KH BEBYFDH DE^LKRJYHMH

Ybhjjdúe bxltärodjh

 

RED^BYZDMHM EHJDLEHK HIDBY]H y h MDZ]HEJDH QLEH JBE]YL ILFL]È ‚ JREMDEHOHYJH JBHM ALZÄ HJB^BML y FÚOBQ BZJRBKH Jdbejdhs Ièsdjhs, ]bjelklfïhs b Defbedbrïhs - BJI]D

  Zle hqubkkhs rbhjjdlebs be khs qub ljurrb ueh kdibrhjdúe l mbsprbemdodbetl mb bebrfïh. Wlr Babopkl1 J:C3(f)+ 2L 9(f)↙ :J :JL9(f) L9(f) + =C9L(f)  + Jhklr Ybhjjdúe bemltärodjh Zle hqubkkhs rbhjjdlebs be khs qub ljurrb ueh hislrjdúe mb bebrfïh. bebrf ïh. Wlr Babopkl1 9Of(s 9Of(s)) + L9(f) L9(f)+ + Jh Jhkklr ↙ 9O 9OfL(s) fL(s)  WLY BK JHOIDL BE BK EÑOBYL MB LSDMHJDLE

Ybhjjdúe rbmlx Zle hqubkkhs rbhjjdlebs be khs qub bxdstb ueh vhrdhjdúe be bk eñobrl mb lxdmhjdúe mb rbhjthetbs y prlmujtls. Wlr Babopkl1 9EhJk(hj)↙ 9Eh(s) + Jk9(f)

WYLJBMDODBE]LZ

 

RED^BYZDMHM EHJDLEHK HIDBY]H y h MDZ]HEJDH QLEH JBE]YL ILFL]È ‚ JREMDEHOHYJH JBHM ALZÄ HJB^BML y FÚOBQ BZJRBKH Jdbejdhs Ièsdjhs, ]bjelklfïhs b Defbedbrïhs - BJI]D YBHJJDÚE 8

lxdml mb jhkjdl (hprlxdohmhobetb (hprlxdohmho betb 8,7f) Ybfdstrhr tbopbrhturh hoidbetb

Høhmh ue 8oK mb hfuh y tlob kh tbopbrhturh

JhL + C9L

9  

 

<

8,7f mb Cdmrúxdml mb Ihrdl

YBHJJDÚE

 

RED^BYZDMHM EHJDLEHK HIDBY]H y h MDZ]HEJDH QLEH JBE]YL ILFL]È ‚ JREMDEHOHYJH JBHM ALZÄ HJB^BML y FÚOBQ BZJRBKH Jdbejdhs Ièsdjhs, ]bjelklfïhs b Defbedbrïhs - BJI]D

Ibh`br mb 877ok

]lob kh tbopbrhturh tbopbrhturh hoidbetb y mb kh slkujdúe

Hfrbfhr h kh obzjkh 8,7f Edtrhtl mb Holedl

HEHKDZDZ MB YBZRK]HMLZ1

Høhmh ue 2oK mb hfuh y rbvlkvbr

Ih(LC)9 + EC=EL:

 

RED^BYZDMHM EHJDLEHK HIDBY]H y h MDZ]HEJDH QLEH JBE]YL ILFL]È ‚ JREMDEHOHYJH JBHM ALZÄ HJB^BML y FÚOBQ BZJRBKH Jdbejdhs Ièsdjhs, ]bjelklfïhs b Defbedbrïhs - BJI]D

WYHJ]DJH # 6

JhL + C9L

 

(Jh(LC) 9)

Bk úxdml jèkjdjl mbib sbr MBZHJ]D^HML, phrh qub bstl sb mb hfrbfhols hfuh, mhrh jlol rbsukthml1 rbhjjdúe bxltärodjh  cdmrúxdml jèkjdl . JhL + C9L --5 Jh(LC)9 Kh tbopbrhturh sb bkbvh rbhjjdúe bxltärodjh, bk jlopubstl dejrbobeth kh tbopbrhturh 877±J,.H rhïz mb bstl sb bvhplrh bk hfuh hmdjdlehmh.

Ybhjjdúe # 9 Ih(LC)9+3C9L+EC=EL: 

9EC: + 87C 87C9L  Ih( Ih(EL:)9  + 9EC

BEBYFDH-----

YBHJJDLE BEML]BYODJH Reh

rbhjjdúe rbh jjdúe ouy b bemltärodjh. emltärodjh. ljdhehtl mb holedl y cdmrúxdml mb ihrdl ljthcdmrhtl. y sb rboubvbe jle u ueh eh vhrdkkh vhrdkkh..  (phrtdjukhrobetb mdsljdhehtl mb holedl) Kh obzjkh sb vubkvb kïqudmh, sb mbsprbemb bk lklr h holeïhjl y kh tbopbrhturh mdsodeuyb.

Wrbjhujdlebs

Zbfñe kh jhetdmhm mb hfuh hplrthmh litbemrbols jhk härbh be plkvl, be phsth l be kbjchmh, qub sb hpkdjhrè obmdhetb mdnbrbetbs täjedjhs sbfñe bk jhsl.

Reh vbz jlkljhml bk jlopubstl be lirh, ästb betrh be jlethjtl jle bk mdúxdml mb jhrilel mbk hoidbetb, rb jhrilehtèemlsb y hmqudrdbeml mb eubvl kh jloplsdjdúe mb jhrilehtl jèkjdjl.

 

RED^BYZDMHM EHJDLEHK HIDBY]H y h MDZ]HEJDH QLEH JBE]YL ILFL]È ‚ JREMDEHOHYJH JBHM ALZÄ HJB^BML y FÚOBQ BZJRBKH Jdbejdhs Ièsdjhs, ]bjelklfïhs b Defbedbrïhs - BJI]D Ih(LC)9 + EC=EL:

JLEJKRZDLEBZ

Chy rbhjjdlebs rbhjjdlebs qub qub kdibrhe kdibrhe bebrfïh jlol bxltärodjhs. Chy rbhjjdlebs qub hislribe bebrfïh jlol khs bemltärodjhs. Whrh litbebr jhk mbib ukdzhr kh jhk vdvh jle hfuh. Mbetrl mb khs rbhjjdlebs bemltärodjhs ueh mb khs oès jlouebs bs bk b k cdmrúxdml mb ihrdl y shkbs mboledl. ]lmh rbhjjdúe tärodjh hislrib y mbsprbemb mbsprbemb bebrfïh, yh qub juheml sb nlrohe nlrohe l rlopbe bekhjbs sb mbsprbemb bebrfïh rbspbjvhobetb.

YBNBYBEJDHZ cttps1//www.hjhmbodh.bmu/:8=49:>>/]BYOD .hjhmbodh.bmu/:8=49:>>/]BYODEHML\denlro EHML\denlrob\rbhjjdlebs\qudodjhs b\rbhjjdlebs\qudodjhs cttps1//www cps1//www.qudodjhs.ebt/9782/87/babopkls-mb-rbhjjdle-bemltbrodjh.ctok cps1//qudodes.wlrmprbss.jlo/9783/88/7>/cdmrxdml-mb-ihrdl-jle-s cps1//qudodes. wlrmprbss.jlo/9783/88/7>/cdmrxdml-mb-ihrdl-jle-shkbs-mb-holedl-uehshkbs-mb-holedl-uehsrbhjjdlebs-ouy-nrhs/ cps1//www.jhk.lrf/jdjkl-mb-kh-jhk-966