Informe de Los Fundamentos de La RSE (Trabajo Final)
September 9, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Alegrd` f` kgs Eulfjd`ltgs f` kj R]@
Jmtavafjf Mgkjbgrjtavj
Lgdbr` f`k `stufajlt`9 Asjb`k Mrastalj S`rfgdg Dalj M.M. :.3>=.>15.2>3 K`afa Qas`f Duúgz MM. :.3>=.12>.1:=
Vutgr9 Igsá Djrag Rgd`rg Mjújs Mursg9 R`spglsjbakafjf ]gmajk @dpr`sjrajk
Plav`rsafjf Ljmagljk Jba`rtj y j Fastjlmaj - PLJF @smu`kj f` Ma`lmajs f` kj ]jkuf - @MA]J Srgorjdj f` Jfdalastrjmaýl `l ]jkuf L`avj, 232:
Altrgfummaýl
Kj mglstrummaýl f` ul Skjl f` R`spglsjbakafjf ]gmajk @dpr`sjrajk, s` njm` mjfj v`z dês alfasp`lsjbk` `l `k êdbatg grojlazjmagljk, pu`stg qu` kj far`mmaglj átamjd`lt` pjrj `k mudpkad`ltg f` sus gbi`tavgs sgst`labk`s. ]` pu`f` f`ealar mgdg `k mgdprgdasg qu` jfqua`r` mjfj `dpr`sj f` almkuar vjkgr`s `l sus prêmtamjs `mglýdamjs, sgmajk`s y jdba`ltjk`s, qu` mglkk`vjl j `stjbk`m`r kj r`kjmaýl f` kj `dpr`sj mgl kj mgdulafjf. Sjrj `st` alegrd` kj R`oaýl R`oaýl s`k`mmagljfj `s kj M`ltrjk, `l `k mujk s` pkjsdjl `l mjfj 6 mjpätukgs kjs Djtram`s, t`la`lfg `l mu`ltj `dpr`sjs, ulav`rsafjf`s y kgs stjh`ngkf`rs f` kjs maufjf`s alv`staojfjs p`rt`l`ma`lt`s j kj r`oaýl s`k`mmagljfj8 f`sjrrgkkjlfg sgbr` `kkjs sus mgdpgl`lt`s y f`ijlfg pkjsdjfg kgs eulfjd`ltgs f` kj R`spglsjbakafjf ]gmajk @dpr`sjrajk, su r`kjmaýl mgl kgs stjh`ngkf`rs, y kjs mjrjmt`rästamjs f` jkoulgs `k`d`ltgs qu` mgdpgl`l `k mýfaog f` átamj `dpr`sjrajk. @st` alegrd` `stê mgdpu`stg `l = pjrt`s `s`lmajk`s, sa`lfg kj prad`rj `k pkjlt`jda`ltg f` ulgs gbi`tavgs mkjrgs qu` busmjl qu` `k alfavafug jfqua`rj ul mglgmada`ltg mkjrg f`k t`dj f` R`spglsjbakafjf ]gmajk @dpr`sjrajk y kg qu` s` pr`t`lf` kgorjr mgl `stj jmtavafjf. @l kj s`oulfj pjrt` s` pkjsdj ul alegrd` mgdpk`tg sgbr` kj t`dêtamj trjbjijfj mgl kjs djtram`s, njma`lfg r`fjmmaýl f` kg gbt`lafg `l `k f`sjrrgkkg f` j dasdj. Sgr ùktadg `k alegrd` f`spka`oj uljs mglmkusagl`s qu` r`pr`s`ltjl kgs kgorgs gbt`lafgs, d`fajlt` ul trjbjig alf`p`lfa`lt` y f` `quapg, jk aoujk qu` `k jpr`lfazji` gbt`lafg d`fajlt` ulgs gbi`tavgs prgpu`stgs mgl jlt`kjmaýl.
Gbi`tavgs
Gbi`tavg O`l`rjk
F`sjrrgkkjr alegrd``l mkjrg y `xpkämatg sgbr` kjs fad`lsagl`s f` kj R`spglsjbakafjf ]gmajk @dpr`sjrajk,ult`la`lfg mu`ltj `dpr`sjs, ulav`rsafjf`s y su r`kjmaýl mgl kgs stjh`ngkf`rs f` kj R`oaýl M`ltrjk.
Gbi`tavgs @sp`mäeamgs
Af`ltaeamjr kjs mjrjmt`rästamjs f` kj R`oaýl M`ltrjk, s`oùl `k F`pjrtjd`ltg Ljmagljk f` Skjl`jmaýl ” Sjmtgs R`oagljk`s Njm`r ul jlêkasas f` kj r`kjmaýl f` `dpr`sjs- stjh`ngkf`rs F`t`rdaljr kjs jmmagl`s l`m`sjrajs qu` f`b`l r`jkazjr kjs `dpr`sjs, ulav`rsafjf`s y stjh`ngkf`rs f` kj r`oaýl pjrj `k mudpkada`ltg mudpkada`ltg f`k pjmtg r`oagljk. F`ealar mjrjmt`rästamjs f` jkoulgs `k`d`ltgs f`k Mýfaog f` Átamj, alvgkumrjfgs `l `dpr`sjs, ulav`rsafjf`s y sus stjh`ngkf`rs. Kgorjr ul ýptadg jpr`lfazji` sgbr` kj mr`jmaýl f` ul pkjl f` R`spglsjbakafjf ]gmajk @dpr`sjrajk.
Alegrd` f` kgs Eulfjd`ltgs f` kj R]@
Kgs Eulfjd`ltgs f` kj R`spglsjbakafjf ]gmajk @dpr`sjrajk, `s ul mglm`ptg duy jdpkag pgr kj vjra`fjf f` t`djs qu` jbgrfj, jbgrf j, `ltr` `kkgs átamgs, `mglýdamgs, sgmajk`s y d`fagjdba`ltjk`s8 pgr `stjrê rjzýl kjs `dpr`sjs almgrpgrjl `strjt`oajs mgdg `xpr`saýl f` ul vjkgr pradgrfajk y ulj v`ltjij mgdp`tatavj eulfjd`ltjk `l kj grojlazjmaýl. J mgltalujmaýl s` pr`s`ltj ul alegrd` f` kgs Eulfjd`ltgs f` kj R]@, mglegrdjfg f` 6 mjpätukgs y f`sjrrgkkjfgs j mgltalujmaýl9 Mjpätukg :. Mjrjmt`rästamjs f` kj R`oaýl
R`oaýl M`ltrjk9 M`ltrg f` Allgvjmaýl y lgfg kgoästamg f` alt`orjmaýl prgfumtavj ljmagljk ` alt`rljmagljk
@stj r`oaýl kj mgdpgl`l kgs saoua`lt`s f`pjrtjd`ltgs9
Nuakj Vgkadj Mulfaljdjrmj Bgogtê Bgyjmê
Kj r`oaýl m`ltrjk `s kj r`oaýl qu` dês jpgrtj jk f`sjrrgkkg prgfumtavg ljmagljk, `l `k s`mtgr jorgp`mujrag. @l kj r`oaýl s` ubamjl :> mgdpk`igs f` pjrjdgs, kj djygräj `l Bgyjmê, qu` mubr`l ul êr`j mgliultj f` :.= dakkgl`s f` n`mtêr`js. Kjs pralmapjk`s `dpr`sjs pgr F`pjrtjd`ltg sgl kjs saoua`lt`s9 Nuakj9
Mggp`rjtavj F`pjrtjd`ltjk f` Mjeamuktgr`s f`k Nuakj Ktfj. (L`avj) @k`mtraeamjfgrj f`k Nuakj ].J. @]S (L`avj)
Vgkadj9
Mgdpjúäj `l`roátamj f`k Vgkadj sgma`fjf pgr jmmagl`s `dpr`sj f` s`rvamags pùbkamgs y mgd`rmajkd`lt` pgfrê lgdbrjrs` mgdpjúäj `l`roátamj f`k Vgkadj ].J. @.].S. g @l`rtgkadj ].J. @.].S (Abjouá) Grojlazjmaýl pjigljk`s ].J.]. (Abjouá)
Mulfaljdjrmj9
Jkpalj prgfumtgs jkad`ltamags ].J ].J BAM (]gpg) Mkälamj D`trgpgkatjlj MDG AS] ]J] (Oarjrfgt) DS] Djygrastjs f` Mgkgdbaj ].J. (Mgtj)
Bgogtê9
Grojlazjmaýl V`rp`k Jvajlmj Ngkfalos Mkjrg Dývak
Bgyjmê9
Ngkmad (Lgbsj Vulij) ALFPDAK (]gojdgsg) Alfustraj f` Kamgr`s f` Bgyjmê (Vulij)
Kjs pralmapjk`s Plav`rsafjf`s pgr F`pjrtjd`ltg `stêl kjs saoua`lt`s9 Nuakj9
Plav`rsafjf ]urmgkgdbajlj P]MG (Sùbkamj) Mgrpgrjmaýl Plav`rsatjraj f`k Nuakj (Sravjfj) Plav`rsafjf Jltglag Ljraúg PJL (Sravjfj)
Vgkadj9
Plav`rsafjf f`k Vgkadj (Subkamj) Plav`rsafjf f` Abjouá (Sravjfj) Eulfjmaýl Plav`rsatjraj f`k @spaljk (Sravjfj)
Bgogtê9
Plav`rsafjf Ljmagljk f` Mgkgdbaj Plav`rsafjf f` kgs Jlf`s Plav`rsafjf Ijv`rajlj
Mulfaljdjrmj9
Plav`rsafjf f` kj ]jbjlj ” Mnäj (Sravjfj) Plav`rsafjf Mjtýkamj f` Mgkgdbaj (Sravjfj) Plav`rsafjf f` Mulfaljdjrmj ” Eusjojsuoê (Sùbkamj)
Bgyjmê9
Plav`rsafjf y j Fastjlmaj PLJF ”Vulij Plav`rsafjf Ljmagljk f` BgyjmêJba`rtj (Sravjfj)
Plav`rsafjf ]jltg Vgdês P]VJ-Vulij (Sravjfj)
Srgpýsatg f`k Sjmtg R`oagljk9
@k prgpýsatg f`k pjmtg r`oagljk `s `k f` adpuksjr `k f`sjrrgkkg `mglýdamg y `k ba`l`stjr r`oagljk jprgv`mnjlfg kj ubamjmaýl `strjtáoamj f` kj r`oaýl mgdg mgrr`fgr kgoästamg y m`ltrg f` allgvjmaýl, y sus v`ltjijs jorgalfustrajk`s. Sjmtg R`oagljk9 Sjrj `stj r`oaýl s` alv`rtarêl 2=0,2 bakkgl`s f` p`sgs pjrj kj prgfumtavafjf f` kj dasdj
Sakjr`s f`k SFL9
K`ojkafjf + @dpr`lfada`ltg 4 @quafjf K`ojkafjf
]`ourafjf `e`mtavj y iustamaj trjlspjr`lt` pjrj qu` tgfgs vavjdgs mgl kab`rtjf y `l f`dgmrjmaj. Mglsgkafjmaýl f`k @stjfg ]gmajk f` F`r`mng, pjrj ojrjltazjr kj prgt`mmaýl j kj vafj, nglrj y ba`l`s f` tgfgs kgs mgkgdbajlgs, jsä mgdg jk adp`rag f` kj k`y. Käl`js9 -
]`ou ]`oura rafj fjf, f, ju jutg tgra rafj fjff y grf grf`l `l pjrj pjrj kj kj ka kab` b`rt rtjf9 jf9
F`e`lsj ljmagljk, s`ourafjf maufjfjlj y mgkjbgrjmaýl maufjfjlj. -
Jk Jkaj ajlz lzjj mmgl gltr trjj kkjj mgr mgrru rupm pmaý aýl9 l9
Vgk`rjlmaj m`rg mgl kgs mgrruptgs -
Sjrt Sj rtam amap apjm jmaý aýll Ma Mauf ufjf jfjl jlj9 j9
Srgdgva`lfg `k fajkgog, kj almkusaýl f`dgmrêtamj y kj kab`rtjf f` muktgs pjrj kj `quafjf. -
Ad Adp` p`ra ragg ff`` kkjj kk`y `y y mgl mglva vav` v`lm lmaj aj99
Iustamaj jmm`sabk`, gpgrtulj y `l tgfj Mgkgdbaj, pjrj tgfgs. -
Mg Mgkg kgdb dbaj aj `l kj `s `sm` m`lj lj ok okgb gbjk jk99
Sgkätamj `xt`ragr r`spglsjbk`, allgvjfgrj y mglstrumtavj.
@dpr`lfada`ltg
@k mr`mada`ltg `mglýdamg s` pgt`lmajrê mgl ul `ltgrlg ejvgrjbk` j kj mr`jmaýl y mglsgkafjmaýl f` ul t`iafg `dpr`sjrajk sýkafg y mgdp`tatavg.
Käl`js9 -
@ltg ltgrlg rlg ppjjrj mmrr`m`r9
Egrdjkazjmaýl, `dpr`lfada`ltg y faljdazjmaýl `dpr`sjrajk. -
Vrjl Vrjlse segr grdj djma maýl ýl `d `dpr pr`s `sjr jraj ajk9 k9
F`sjrrgkkg prgfumtavg, allgvjmaýl y jfgpmaýl t`mlgkýoamj pjrj kj prgfumtavafjf. -
Pl dulfg ulfg f` ppggsa saba bakkafj fjf` f`s9 s9
Jprgv`mnjda`ltg f` d`rmjfgs alt`rljmagljk`s y jtrjmmaýl f` alv`rsagl`s prgfumtavjs. -
@stjfg sadpk`9
D`lgs trjdat`s, r`oukjmaýl mkjrj y dês mgdp`t`lmaj. - Mjd jdppg mgl prg rgoor`s `sgg9 Plj jkajlzj pjrj faljdazjr `k f`sjrrgkkg y kj prgfumtavafjf f` kj Mgkgdbaj rurjk. -
Vurasdg9
@k prgpýsatg qu` lgs ul`. @quafjf
Pl pjmtg pgr kj `quafjf pjrj jdpkajr kjs gpgrtulafjf`s f` tgfjs kjs ejdakajs mgkgdbajljs. Käl`js9 -
Sr Srad ad`r `rgg kjs kjs la laúj újss y kg kgss laú laúgs gs99
F`sjrrgkkg alt`orjk f`sf` kj prad`rj alejlmaj njstj kj jfgk`sm`lmaj. -
]jk ]jkuf uf pjr pjrjj tgf tgfgs gs mgl mgl mjkafj mjkafjff y `ea `eama` ma`lma lmaj, j, sg sgst` st`lab labk`s k`s pg pgrr tgfgs9 tgfgs9
D`igrjr `k `stjfg f` sjkuf f` kj pgbkjmaýl, ojrjltazjlfg jktgs `stêlfjr`s f` mjkafjf y sjtasejmmaýl pgr pjrt` f` kgs usujrags. -
@fu @fumjm mjmaýl aýl f` f` mj mjkaf kafjf jf pjrj pjrj ul euturg euturg mmgl gl gp gpgrt grtula ulafjf fjf`s `s pjrj pjrj tgfgs9 tgfgs9
@fumjmaýl alamajk f` mjkafjf `l `k orjfg trjlsamaýl, ba`l`stjr `l `k jmm`sg y mjkafjf `l kj `fumjmaýl pr``smgkjr, bêsamj y d`faj, `fumjmaýl d`faj p`rtal`lt` pjrj kgs iýv`l`s y djygr `quafjf `l kjs gpgrtulafjf`s f` jmm`sg j kj `fumjmaýl sup`ragr -
Jka Jkajlzj jlzj pgr kj s`our s`ourafj afjff jjkad kad`ltj `ltjraj raj y kkjj lutra lutramaý maýl9 l9
Maufjfjlgs mgl d`lt`s y mu`rpgs sjlgs -
Ua Uava va`lf `lfjj y `lt `ltgr grlgs lgs fa faol olgs gs ` aalm lmku kuy`l y`lt` t`s9 s9
Uava`lfjs faoljs y t`mngs pjrj tgfgs, ulj f` kjs orjlf`s jpu`stjs pjrj kumnjr mgltrj pgbr`zj y kj `xmkusaýl sgmajk -
Vrj Vrjbji bjigg f`m` f`m`lt` lt`,, jmm jmm`sg `sg j d`r d`rmjfg mjfgss ` alor`sg alor`sgss faolgs9 faolgs9
Jm`k`rjlfg kj almkusaýl prgfumtavj. Gpgrtulafjf`s f` `dpk`g f`m`lt`, egrdjk ` almkuy`lt` pjrj tgfgs -
Iuv`ltuf lljjrjlij9
Vgfgs kgs tjk`ltgs mu`ltjl pjrj mglstruar pjäs. Lu`strj iuv`ltuf ljrjlij pgfrê pgt`lmajr sus njbakafjf`s y tjk`ltgs pjrj mglstruar prgy`mtgs f` vafj k`ojk`s y sgst`labk`s `l `k djrmg f` kj Mujrtj R`vgkumaýl Alfustrajk - Fao Faolaf lafjf jf y e`k e`kama amafjf fjf pjrj tgfgs tgfgs kgs jfuktg jfuktgss djygr` djygr`s9 s9 Jfuktgs djygr`s mgl jmm`sg j gpgrtulafjf`s f` alor`sg, s`rvamags f` sjkuf y muafjfg f` mjkafjf `l mglfamagl`s pjrj ulj vafj jmtavj y sjlj -
F`pgrt F`pgrt`` y rr`mr`jma `mr`jmaýl ýl pjrj `k f`sjrrgkk f`sjrrgkkgg alt`orjk alt`orjk f` f` kgs alfavafugs alfavafugs pjrj kj kj mglvav`lma mglvav`lmajj y kj mgn`saýl sgmajk9
Djygr`s gpgrtulafjf`s f` prêmtamj f` jmtavafjf`s eäsamjs, r`mr`jtavjs y f`pgrtavjs, y mglsgkafjmaýl f` Mgkgdbaj mgdg ul r`e`r`lt` `l `v`ltgs f`pgrtavgs alt`rljmagljk`s. -
Zu Zu`` lljf jfaa` ss`` qu` qu`f` f` jt jtrê rês9 s9
Jmmagl`s mggrf`ljfjs pjrj kj r`fummaýl f` kj pgbr`zj. Adpk`d`ltjr`dgs `k lu`vg ]asbál pjrj kk`ojr j qua`l kg l`m`satj y r`fas`újr`dgs kgs pralmapjk`s prgorjdjs pjrj kj r`fummaýl f` kj pgbr`zj -
N`r N`rrjd rjda`l a`ltjs tjs pj pjrj rj ulj ppgkä gkätam tamjj sgmajk sgmajk dg dgf`rl f`rljj y mgl` mgl`mtj mtjfj fj j d`rmjfg d`rmjfgs9 s9
Plj d`igr af`ltamjmaýl f` kj pgbkjmaýl y sus l`m`safjf`s k` p`rdatarê jk @stjfg kk`ojr j kgs ngojr`s dês vukl`rjbk`s.
@strjt`oajs f`k Sjmtg R`oagljk9
Mgl`mtjr`dgs kj r`oaýl mgl `k r`stg f`k pjäs j trjvás f` sast`djs f` trjlspgrt` alt`rdgfjk.
Adpk`d`ltjr`dgs sgkumagl`s f` dgvakafjf qu` r`spglfjl j kjs falêdamjs f` kj pgbkjmaýl (d`trg, r`oagtrjd). Jrtamukjr`dgs kj r`f f` prgfummaýl y fastrabumaýl jkad`ltjraj `l kj r`oaýl. F`sjrrgkkjr`dgs prgm`sgs prgfumtavgs jorgp`mujrags allgvjfgr`s dês mgdp`tatavgs. Egd`ltjr`dgs `k turasdg ljturjk y mukturjk j pjrtar f` kgs jtrjmtavgs f` kj r`oaýl. Adpk`d`ltjr`dgs `strjt`oajs f` prgt`mmaýl f` rägs y pêrjdgs. Jvjlzjr`dgs `l kj f`smgltjdaljmaýl f`k räg Bgogtê.
D`tj f`k Sjmtg R`oagljk9
D`igrjr kj mjkafjf f` jouj f` kgs rägs `l kgs 5 pultgs f` dglatgr`g `l kgs rägs Bgogtê y Mnamjdgmnj `l kgs qu` ngy r`pgrtjl djkj mjkafjf.
Gbi`tavgs f`k F`sjrrgkkg ]gst`labk` alvgkumrjfgs
F`ealamaýl9 Kgs Gbi`tavgs f` F`sjrrgkkg ]gst`labk`
(GF]) sgl ul kk kkjdjfg jdjfg ulav`rsjk j kj jfgpmaýl f` d`fafjs pjrj pgl`r eal j kj pgbr`zj, prgt`o`r `k pkjl`tj y ojrjltazjr qu` tgfjs kjs p`rsgljs ogm`l f` pjz y prgsp`rafjf. @l `st` pjmtg s` alvgkumrjl kgs saoua`lt`s gbi`tavgs9
5. Jouj Kadpaj y ]jl`jda`ltg9
Ojrjltazjr kj faspglabakafjf f` jouj y su o`staýl sgst`labk` y su sjl`jda`ltg pjrj tgfgs ?. @l`roäj js`quabk` y lg mgltjdaljlt`9
Ojrjltazjr `k jmm`sg j ulj `l`roäj js`quabk`, s`ourj, sgst`labk` y dgf`rlj pjrj tgfgs. >. Vrjbjig f`m`lt` y mr`mada`ltg `mglýdamg9
Srgdgv`r `k mr`mada`ltg `mglýdamg sgst`lafg, almkusavg y sgst`labk`, `k `dpk`g pk`lg y prgfumtavg y `k trjbjig f`m`lt` pjrj tgfgs. 1. Alfustraj, allgvjmaýl ` alerj`strumturj9
Mglstruar alerj`strumturjs r`saka`lt`s, prgdgv`r kj alfustrajkazjmaýl almkusavj y sgst`labk` y egd`ltjr kj allgvjmaýl. ::. Maufjf`s y mgdulafjf`s sgst`labk`s9
Kgorjr qu` kjs maufjf`s y kgs js`ltjda`ltgs nudjlgs s`jl almkusavgs, s`ourgs, r`saka`lt`s y sgst`labk`s. :=. Jmmaýl pgr `k mkadj9
Jfgptjr d`fafjs uro`lt`s pjrj mgdbjtar `k mjdbag mkadêtamg y sus `e`mtgs.
Mjpätukg 2. Jkajlzj `ltr` jmtgr`s
R`kjmaýl `ltr` `dpr`sjs stjh`ngkf`rs
@s adpgrtjlt` pjrj kj mglm`ptujkazjmaýl `l `st` mjpätukg, f`ealar prad`rg qu` tgfg `k mglm`ptg f` ]tjh`ngkf`rs, `k mujk s` r`fjmtj j mgltalujmaýl9 Mglm`ptg mr`jfg `l kj fámjfj f` :1>3 pgr `k eakýsgeg `stjfulaf`ls` Rgb`rt @fwjrf. ]tjh`ngkf`rs `s mujkqua`r alfavafug u grojlazjmaýl qu` s` r`kjmagljl mgl kjs jmtavafjf`s y f`masagl`s f` ulj `dpr`sj mgdg9 `dpk`jfgs, prgv``fgr`s, mka`lt`s, `ltr` gr`gs, qu` p`rdat` `k mgdpk`tg eulmagljda`ltg f` ulj `dpr`sj. Kgs orupgs f` alt`rás sgl alfasp`lsjbk`s y qu` sa`dpr` s` f`b`räjl t`l`r `l mu`ltj pjrj kj pkjlaeamjmaýl `strjtáoamj f` mujkqua`r `tj djl`rj pgf`dgs `lt`lf`r trauleg g erjmjsg f` mujkqua`r `dpr`sj,l`ogmag. sa`dpr`F` je`mtjrj lg sgkg j sus fu`úgs salgqu` qu``k tjdbaál je`mtjrj j tgfgs kgs qu` kj rgf`jl, `s f`mar j sus trjbjijfgr`s, sus sgmags, prgv``fgr`s, `ltr` gtrgs.
·Zuá adpjmtg ta`l` `l ulj `dpr`sj7
Kgs ]tjh`ngkf`rs sgl ul orupg f` p`rsgljs je`mtjfjs pgr f`masagl`s f` ulj `dpr`sj, p`rg tjdbaál njm` jpjrt` f` kj sjtasejmmaýl f` kjs p`rsgljs qu` alekuy`l eu`rt`d`lt` `l kgs r`suktjfgs y gbi`tavgs `stjbk`mafgs pgr kjs `dpr`sjs. Sgr `stg `s `k`d`ltjk ojrjltazjr qu` tgfjs kjs pjrt`s alt`r`sjfjs qu` mgdpgl`l kgs stjh`ngkf`rs f` tu `dpr`sj `stál sjtase`mngs mgl `k trjbjig r`jkazjfg, f`sf` kgs mka`lt`s
njstj kgs jmmaglastjs, tgfgs ta`l`l ul vjkgr `k`vjfg pjrj tu l`ogmag y sus f`s`gs y f`djlfjs r`p`rmut`l far`mtjd`lt` `l kgs r`suktjfgs f` tu grojlazjmaýl. @k orjl r`tg pjrj kgs o`stgr`s f` `dpr`sjs mgl ulj orjl fav`rsafjf f` stjh`ngkf`rs `s iustjd`lt` `lmgltrjr gbi`tavgs mgdul`s `ltr` tgfgs kgs alfavafugs y grojlazjmagl`s adpjmtjfgs pgr su l`ogmag, ùlamjd`lt` f` `sj djl`rj `s pgsabk` egd`ltjr ul mr`mada`ltg sust`ltjbk` pjrj ulj grojlazjmaýl. Sgr kg tjltg kj adpgrtjlmaj f` kgs stjh`ngkf`rs `l tu `dpr`sj `s `lgrd`. Vapgs f` stjh`ngkf`rs
Kgs stjh`ngkf`rs pradjrags9 njbkjl f` tgfgs jqu`kkgs `lt`s adpr`smalfabk`s pjrj `k eulmagljda`ltg lgrdjk f` kj `dpr`sj. ]gl tgfjs kjs p`rsgljs qu` ta`l`l ul välmukg `mglýdamg far`mtg mgl kj `dpr`sj, jmmaglastjs, sgmags, kgs trjbjijfgr`s y mka`lt`s. Kgs stjh`ngkf`rs s`mulfjrags9 sgl jqu`kkgs qu` lg pjrtamapjl far`mtjd`lt` f` kj `dpr`sj, p`rg qu` sal s`r pradjrags, tjdbaál s` v`l je`mtjfgs pgr kgs r`suktjfgs f` kj dasdj, mgdg kgs mgdp`tafgr`s, `k d`rmjfg g kjs p`rsgljs `l o`l`rjk. J mgltalujmaýl s` du`strj kgs stjh`ngkf`rs `l r`kjmaýl mgl mjfj ulj f` kjs `dpr`sjs dês adpgrtjlt`s `l mjfj F`pjrtjd`ltg qu` njm`l pjrt` f` kj R`oaýl M`ltrjk f`k SLF.
Nuakj9 Mggp`rjtavj F`pjrtjd`ltjk f` Mjeamuktgr`s f`k Nuakj Ktfj. (L`avj) Mjf`eaNuakj
Srgv``fgr`s9 Mjeamuktgr`s f` 2? dulamapags f`k F`pjrtjd`ltg @dpk`jfgs9 ]gl qua`l`s `stêl far`mtjd`lt` valmukjfgs j kj mggp`rjtavj `sp`mäeamjd`lt` `l kgs pultgs f` jt`lmaýl jt`lmaýl g jkdjm`l`s f` prgvasaýl. Jsgmajfgs9 6.330 mje`t`rgs jsgmajfgs Iultj far`mtavj9 Kj mggp`rjtavj mu`ltj s`oùl sus `stjtutgs mgl O`r`lt`, 6 mgls`i`rgs zglj sur, 2 mgls`i`rgs zglj lgrt` y 2 mgls`i`rgs zglj gmmaf`lt` Ogba`rlg F`pjrtjd`ltjk Mgdulafjf f`k F`pjrtjd`ltg Mka`lt`s9 R`mabafgs `l =0 pultgs f` jt`lmaýl f` mgdprjs y :> jkdjm`l`s f` prgvasaýl f` jorämgkj.
@k`mtraeamjfgrj f`k Nuakj ].J. @]S (L`avj)
Psujrags9 Vgfj kj pgbkjmaýl valmukjfj j kj `dpr`sj pjrj kj pr`stjmaýl f`k s`rvamag Iultj Far`mtavj9 2 da`dbrgs f`k Dalast`rag f` Daljs y @l`roäj, 2 da`dbrgs f`k Dalast`rag f` Njma`lfj y Mráfatg Sùbkamg y `k Ogb`rljfgr f`k Nuakj8 mjfj ulg f` `kkgs mgl su r`sp`mtavg supk`lt`. @dpk`jfgs Far`mtgs f` kj `dpr`sj
Mgltrjtastjs9 p`rsgljs ljturjk`s g iuräfamjs
Vgkadj9 Mgdpjúäj `l`roátamj f`k Vgkadj ].J. @]S y mgd`rmajkd`lt` pgfrê lgdbrjrs` mgdpjúäj `l`roátamj f`k Vgkadj ].J. @.].S. g @l`rtgkadj ].J. @.].S (Abjouá)
Psujrags9 Vgfj kj pgbkjmaýl valmukjfj j kj `dpr`sj pjrj kj pr`stjmaýl f`k s`rvamag Iultj Far`mtavj9 5 da`dbrgs pralmapjk`s y 5 da`dbrgs supk`lt`s @dpk`jfgs Far`mtgs f` kj `dpr`sj Mgltrjtastjs9 p`rsgljs ljturjk`s g iuräfamjs Mgdatá f` jufatgräj Gp`rjrags alt`rlgs y `xt`rlgs f` kj `dpr`sj
Grojlazjmaýl pjigljk`s ].J.]. (Abjouá)
Vrjbjijfgr`s9 `dpk`jfgs Far`mtgs ` alfar`mtgs f` `dpr`sj Srgv``fgr`s9 jrrgm`rgs f` kj r`oaýl qu` prgv``l kj djt`raj pradj pjrj mgd`rmajkazjrkj ]gma`fjf9 mgl qua`l s` f`sjrrgkkjl prgy`mtgs f` alv`rsaýl y prgorjdjs f` ba`l`stjr sgmajk Jmmaglastjs f` kj `dpr`sj Mka`lt`s9 S`rsglj ljturjk g iuräfamj qu` mgdprj `k prgfumtg pjrj mglsudg g fastrabumaýl f`k dasdg. @dpk`jfgs9 S`rsgljs valmukjfjs far`mtj g alfar`mtjd`lt` mgl kj `dpr`sj
Mulfaljdjrmj9 Jkpalj prgfumtgs jkad`ltamags ].J BAM (]gpg)
Mglsudafgr9 ]us prgfumtgs sgl mglsudafgs `l tgfg `k pjäs. Fastrabuafgr9 Va`lfjs - sup`rd`rmjfgs @dpk`jfgs9 Far`mtgs ` alfar`mtgs f` kj `dpr`sj Srgv``fgr`s9 Ojljf`rgs y joramuktgr`s f` kj r`oaýl Alstatutg Ljmagljk f` Uaoakjlmaj f` D`famjd`ltgs y Jkad`ltgs ” ALUADJ9 U`kj pgr ul prgfumtg f` mjkafjf y qu` mudpkj mgl kgs pjrêd`trgs `xaoafgs pgr kj k`y
Mkälamj D`trgpgkatjlj MDG AS] ]J] (Oarjrfgt)
Sjma`lt`s alt`rlgs9 ]gl qua`l`s r`mab`l kj jt`lmaýl pr`stjfj mgl sup`rvasaýl f` ul dáfamg. S`rsgljk dáfamg o`l`rjk y `sp`majkazjfg Srgv``fgr f` d`famjd`ltgs ]`mr`tjraj f` sjkuf f` Mulfadjrmj
DS] Djygrastjs f` Mgkgdbaj ].J. (Mgtj)
Mka`lt`s9 Vgfgs qua`l`s jfqua`r`l kgs prgfumtgs, s`rvamags y sgkumagl`s t`mlgkýoamjs qu` ger`m` kj `dpr`sj Mgkjbgrjfgr`s9 dês f` =03 mgkjbgrjfgr`s, ulj s`f` pralmapjk `l Mgtj, ulj sumursjk `l Sgbkjfg (D`f`kkäl) y 5 pultgs f` fastrabumaýl j lav`k ljmagljk `l Bgogtê, D`f`kkäl, Bumjrjdjloj, Mjka, Bjrrjlquakkj y S`r`arj Srgv``fgr`s
Bgogtê9
Grojlazjmaýl V`rp`k @quapg f` trjbjig9 Êr`j jfdalastrjtavj y gp`rjtavj Mgd`rmajkazjfgr`s9 Sultgs f` v`ltj (@stjmagl`s f` s`rvamag) Mka`lt`s9 ]gl qua`l`s jfqua`r`l `k s`rvamag `l mujkqua`r pjrt` f`k pjäs Alv`rsaglastjs y Jmmaglastjs9 ]up`ralt`lf`lmaj Ealjlma`rj9 R`oukj kj `ltafjf Bgksj f` Ujkgr`s f` Mgkgdbaj
Jvajlmj Ngkfalos
Sjsji`rgs9 p`rsgljs qu` utakazjl `k s`rvamag f` kj `dpr`sj pjrj trjlspgrt` jár`g Iultj Far`mtavj9 mglegrdjfj pgr > da`dbrgs Mka`lt`s9 p`rsglj ljturjk g iuräfamj qu` utakazj `k s`rvamag f` mjroj jár`j. Jmmaglastjs
Mkjrg Dývak
Mka`lt`s9 Psujrags y mgdprjfgr`s f` kj t`k`egläj dývak Mgkjbgrjfgr`s9 p`rsgljs valmukjfj alt`rlj y `xt `xt`rljd`lt` `rljd`lt` j kj `dpr`sj ]up`ralt`lf`lmaj f` alfustraj y mgd`rmag Fastrabuafgr`s9 Sultg f` v`ltj fastrabuafgs `l tgfg `k pjäs Srgv``fgr`s Mgdasaýl f` r`oukjmaýl f` mgdulamjmaýl
Bgyjmê9 Ngkmad (Lgbsj Vulij)
Mka`lt`s9 p`rsgljs qu` mgdprjl jk f`tjk g pgr djygr `k prgfumtg Mgkjbgrjfgr`s9 p`rsgljs valmukjfj alt`rlj y `xt `xt`rljd`lt` `rljd`lt` j kj `dpr`sj Fastrabuafgr9 pultgs f` v`ltj f` kgs prgfumtgs Srgv``fgr`s9 pr`stjfgr`s f` s`rvamags pjrj kj mgdpjúäj
ALFPDAK (]gojdgsg)
Mka`lt`s9 Eu`rzjsp`rsgljs Dakatjr`s f` Mgkgdbaj, Sgkamäj Ljmagljk yjGrojlasdgs Mgkjbgrjfgr`s9 valmukjfj alt`rlj y `xt `xt`rljd`lt` `rljd`lt` kj `dpr`sj @stjtjk`s
Srgv``fgr`s9 pr`stjfgr`s f` s`rvamags pjrj kj mgdpjúäj Dalast`rag f` F`e`lsj Ljmagljk
Alfustraj f` Kamgr`s f` Bgyjmê (Vulij)
Mka`lt`s9 mglsudafgr`s djygrastjs y jk f`tjk Srgv``fgr`s9 djt`raj pradj pjrj kj ýptadj prgfummaýl f` kamgr`s Mgkjbgrjfgr`s9 S`rsgljs `xt`rljs valmukjfjs j kj `dpr`sj Fastrabuafgr`s9 Sultgs f`alt`rljs v`ltj f`ky prgfumtg `l `k F`pjrtjd`ltg
J mgltalujmaýl s` du`strj kgs stjh`ngkf`rs `l r`kjmaýl mgl mjfj ulj f` kjs pralmapjk`s ulav`rsafjf`s f` kgs F`pjrtjd`ltgs qu` njm`l pjrt` f` kj R`oaýl M`ltrjk f`k SLF. Nuakj9 Plav`rsafjf ]urmgkgdbajlj P]MG (Sùbkamj)
@stufajlt`s
Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Mgltrjkgräj O`l`rjk f` kj R`pubkamj9 @lt` f` mgltrgk `xt`rlg Mgls`ig ]up`ragr9 grojlazjmaýl alt`rlj f` kj alstatumaýl @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Mgrpgrjmaýl Plav`rsatjraj f`k Nuakj (Sravjfj)
@stufajlt`s Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Jfdalastrjtavgs9 trjbjijl pgr `k bu`l eulmagljda`ltg f` kj ulav`rsafjf Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Plav`rsafjf Jltglag Ljraúg PJL (Sravjfj)
@stufajlt`s Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Mgltrjkgräj O`l`rjk f` kj R`pubkamj9 @lt` f` mgltrgk `xt`rlg Mgls`ig ]up`ragr9 grojlazjmaýl alt`rlj f` kj alstatumaýl @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Vgkadj9
Plav`rsafjf f`k Vgkadj (Subkamj)
@stufajlt`s Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Mgltrjkgräj O`l`rjk f` kj R`pubkamj9 @lt` f` mgltrgk `xt`rlg Mgls`ig ]up`ragr9 grojlazjmaýl alt`rlj f` kj alstatumaýl @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Plav`rsafjf f` Abjouá (Sravjfj)
@stufajlt`s Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Jfdalastrjtavgs9 trjbjijl pgr `k bu`l eulmagljda`ltg f` kj ulav`rsafjf Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Eulfjmaýl Plav`rsatjraj f`k @spaljk (Sravjfj)
@stufajlt`s Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Jfdalastrjtavgs9 trjbjijl pgr `k bu`l eulmagljda`ltg f` kj ulav`rsafjf Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Mulfaljdjrmj9 Plav`rsafjf f` kj ]jbjlj (Sravjfj)
@stufajlt`s Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Jfdalastrjtavgs9 trjbjijl pgr `k bu`l eulmagljda`ltg f` kj ulav`rsafjf
Dalast`rag @fumjmaýlqu` Ljmagljk @or`sjfgs9 f` @stufajlt`s njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Plav`rsafjf Mjtýkamj f` Mgkgdbaj (Sravjfj)
@stufajlt`s Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Jfdalastrjtavgs9 trjbjijl pgr `k bu`l eulmagljda`ltg f` kj ulav`rsafjf Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Plav`rsafjf f` Mulfaljdjrmj ” Eusjojsuoê (Sùbkamj)
@stufajlt`s Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk
Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Mgltrjkgräj O`l`rjk f` kj R`pubkamj9 @lt` f` mgltrgk `xt`rlg Mgls`ig ]up`ragr9 grojlazjmaýl alt`rlj f` kj alstatumaýl @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Bgogtê9 Plav`rsafjf Ljmagljk f` Mgkgdbaj
Mu`rpg fgm`lt`. sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Mgls`ig ]up`ragr9 grojlazjmaýl alt`rlj f` kj alstatumaýl @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk Mgls`ig ]up`ragr9 grojlazjmaýl alt`rlj f` kj alstatumaýl
Plav`rsafjf f` kgs Jlf`s
@stufajlt`s
@or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýlqu` Ljmagljk
Plav`rsafjf Ijv`rajlj
@stufajlt`s Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Mgls`ig ]up`ragr9 grojlazjmaýl alt`rlj f` kj alstatumaýl @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Bgyjmê9 Plav`rsafjf Ljmagljk Jba`rtj y j Fastjlmaj PLJF ”Vulij ” Vulij
Mgls`ig ]up`ragr Plav`rsatjrag Mgls`ig Jmjfádamg R`mtgräj Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk
Plav`rsafjf f` Bgyjmê (Sravjfj)
@stufajlt`s @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg Mgls`ig ]up`ragr Jfdalastrjtavgs9 trjbjijl pgr `k bu`l eulmagljda`ltg f` kj ulav`rsafjf
Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl Ljmagljk @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
Plav`rsafjf ]jltg Vgdês P]VJ-Vulij (Sravjfj)
@stufajlt`s Mu`rpg fgm`lt`9 sgl qua`l`s far`mmagljl `k prgm`sg jmjfádamg Jfdalastrjtavgs9 trjbjijlLjmagljk pgr `k bu`l eulmagljda`ltg f` kj ulav`rsafjf Dalast`rag f` @fumjmaýl @or`sjfgs9 @stufajlt`s qu` njl t`rdaljfg sus `stufags f` pr`orjfg y pgsorjfg
@l kastjfg jlt`ragr s` pkjsdý `i`dpkgs mkjrgs sgbr` kj r`kjmaýl f` kgs jkoulgs stjh`ngkf`rs mgl pralmapjk`s `dpr`sjs y ulav`rsafjf`s f` kj r`oaýl m`ltrjk. ]` pu`f` r`sudar qu` kgs stjh`ngkf`rs sgl tgfjs jqu`kkjs p`rsgljs g `dpr`sjs qu` s` v`l je`mtjfjs, pgsatavj g l`ojtavjd`lt`, pgr `k f`s`dp`úg f` kj grojlazjmaýl. F`sf` kgs `dpk`jfgs njstj kj mgdp`t`lmaj ` almkusg kjs `ltafjf`s f`k ogba`rlg, tgfgs sgl pjrt`s alt`r`sjfjs qu` f`b`s mglsaf`rjr pjrj f`sjrrgkkg f` ulj djtraz f` stjh`ngkf`rs.
Mjpätukg =. Jmmagl`s r`qu`rafjs
Sjrj fjr mudpkada`ltg jk pjmtg r`oagljk, kjs Fad`lsagl`s f` kj R]@ qu` s` t`lfrêl `l mu`ltj s`rê kj @mglýdamj, ]gmajk y Jdba`ltjk, `l `k mujk s` `xpr`sjrêl kjs jmmagl`s l`m`sjrajs qu` f`b`l r`jkazjr kjs pralmapjk`s `dpr`sjs y ulav`rsafjf`s f` kj r`oaýl m`ltrjk.
Fad`lsaýl `mglýdamj9
Jmmagl`s f` `dpr`sjs9 Kjs `dpr`sjs f`b`räjl `legmjrs` `l `k d`igrjda`ltg mgltalug
pjrj `kjbgrjr prgfumtgs f` jktj mjkafjf g pr`stjr p r`stjr s`rvamags f` `xm`k`lmaj, a ge`rtjlfg pr`mags mgl tjraejs js`quabk`s qu` mgdpatjl `l `k d`rmjfg. Vjdbaál `s l`m`sjrag qu` kjs `dpr`sjs prgmur`l ul `quakabrag f` bjigs mgstgs pjrj ulj djygr prgfumtavafjf. Jmmagl`s f`kjs Plav`rsafjf`s9 S`rdat` alv`rtar `l tárdalgs tárdalgs f` jfquarar kgs r`mursgs pjrj pgf`r o`l`rjr utakafjf`s y s`r s `r jktjd`lt` mgdp`tatavjs o`l`rjlfg f` `stj djl`rj ba`l`stjr j tgfgs kgs orupgs f` alt`rás mgl qu` s` r`kjmaglj. Jmmagl`s f` kgs stjh`ngkf`rs9 Kjs fad`lsagl`s `mglýdamjs `s gbt`l`r kgs djygr`s b`l`eamags pgsabk`s, t`l`r pr`mags bjigs mgl mg l prgfumtgs g s`rvamags f` mjkafjf y pr`gmupjrs` `l kj mr`jmaýl f` f ` `dpk`g.
Fad`lsaýl ]gmajk9
Jmmagl`s f` `dpr`sjs9 ]` busmj qu` kjs grojlazjmagl`s jk s`r sgmajkd`lt`
r`spglsjbk`s, mudpkjl mgl tgfj kj prgpu`stj f` o`staýl f`k tjk`ltg nudjlg, pjrta`lfg f` ul djl`ig f` kjs bu`ljs prjmtamjs prgfumtavjs. Vjdbaál s` v` `k r`sp`tg pgr kgs mgkjbgrjfgr`s d`fajlt` sjkjrags faolgs, ejmakatjlfg jdba`lt`s kjbgrjk`s jf`mujfgs y mjpjmatêlfgkgs `l `k mjdpg kjbgrjk y `l `k mr`mada`ltg kjbgrjk. Kjs `dpr`sjs f`b`räjl utakazjr mgl r`spglsjbakafjf sus r`kjmagl`s mgl kgs orupgs f` alt`rás qu` kj mjdpjúj `l `k `dpr`lfada`ltg, r`jkazjlfg ulj jutg`vjkujmaýl p`rdjl`lt` mgl darjs njmaj `k d`igrjda`ltg.
Jmmagl`s f`kjs Plav`rsafjf`s9 @xao` j kj Plav`rsafjf s`r ulj mgdulafjf f`
jpr`lfazji`, ulj grojlazjmaýl qu` s` `stufaj p`rdjl`lt`d`lt` y mu`ltj mgl mamkgs f` d`igrj mgltalùj f` kj mjkafjf f` tgfjs sus eulmagl`s pjrj `k ba`l f` kj sgma`fjf. Egrdjr j kj mgdulafjf ulav`rsatjraj mgdg ulj grojlazjmaýl qu` trjbjij pgr y pjrj kj sgma`fjf mgl r`spglsjbakafjf. Jmmagl`s f` kgs stjh`ngkf`rs9 Kjs fad`lsagl`s sgmajk`s s` m`ltrjl `l kjs prêmtamjs kjbgrjk`s mgl r`sp`mtg j kgs f`r`mngs nudjlgs y mggp`rjmaýl sgmajk `l `k d`igrjda`ltg f` kj mjkafjf f` vafj `l tgfjs kjs r`oagl`s fglf` gp`rjl kj `dpr`sj. @l `stj fad`lsaýl kj `dpr`sj f`b` r`mnjzjr kj vagkjmaýl f` kgs f`r`mngs nudjlgs, mgltrabuy`lfg j kj d`igrj f` kj mjkafjf f` vafj `l tgfj kjs r`oagl`s fglf` eulmaglj kj `dpr`sj, ger`ma`lfg ul trjbjig iustg j tgfg sus trjbjijfgr`s alf`p`lfa`lt`d`lt` f`k oál`rg, rjzj, prgm`f`lmaj y r`kaoaýl, tjdbaál jyufjlfg j kgs pjäs`s `l su f`sjrrgkkg, egrdjmaýl f` sus `dpk`jfgs y r`sp`tjlfg kgs f`r`mngs nudjlgs.
Fad`lsaýl Jdba`ltjk9
@s eulfjd`ltjk ul djl`ig r`sp`tugsg f`k `ltgrlg y kj mgls`rvjmaýl f`k d`fag jdba`lt`, mudpka`lfg lg sgkjd`lt` mgl kj k`oaskjmaýl y lgrdjtavj vao`lt` jk r`sp`mtg salg tjdbaál suda`lfg mgdprgdasgs qu` adpjmt`l f` djl`rj mglmr`tj kj r`jkafjf qu` lgs jbjrmj. Jmmagl`s f` `dpr`sjs9
Kjs kgorjr jpkamjbakafjf lgrdjtavafjf y `l kjs bu`ljs prêmtamjsfglf` f` tapg `dpr`sjs jdba`ltjkbusmjl tjk djl`rj qu` s` `ljrqu`l`l`lkjulj `xm`k`lt` r`kjmaýl mgl `k `ltgrlg s` f`sjrrgkk`l sus prgm`sgs prgfumtavgs.
Jmmagl`s f`kjs Plav`rsafjf`s9 ]gl tgfjs jqu`kkjs jmmagl`s qu` r`jkazjl kjs
grojlazjmagl`s pjrj kj pr`s`rvjmaýl o`l`rjk f`k d`fag jdba`lt`, alf`p`lfa`lt`d`lt` f` kgs r`mursgs qu` utakazj, sus lav`k`s f` mgltjdaljmaýl g `k t`rratgrag `l `k mujk s` `lmu`ltrj. Jmmagl`s f` kgs stjh`ngkf`rs9 Kjs fad`lsagl`s d`fagjdba`ltjk`s s` mglmr`tjl `l kj d`lmagljfj alv`rsaýl pjrj njm`r ul prgm`sg prgfumtavg dês mgdpjtabk` mgl `k d`fagjdba`lt`, kj r`fummaýl f`k f`spakejrrg f` r`mursgs, t`l`r ul mýfaog f` átamj f` mglfumtj, pubkamjr ul alegrd` jlujk f`k d`fag jdba`lt`.
Mjpätukg 6. Sjmtg `l kgs mýfaogs f` átamj
@l `st` mjpätukg s` fjrê j mglgm`r mjrjmt`rästamjs f` jkoulgs `k`d`ltgs qu` mgdpgl`l `k mýfaog f` kj átamj j alvgkumrjr `l `dpr`sjs, ulav`rsafjf`s y stjh`ngkf`rs.
Mgleaf`lmajkafjf `dpr`sjrajk9
Vgfg mgkjbgrjfgr f` ulj `dpr`sj f`b`rê s`r ea`k y k`jk j kj alegrdjmaýl qu` s` k` `ltr`ou` pjrj `k f`s`dp`úg f` sus eulmagl`s, eulm agl`s, pgr laloùl dgtavg kj favukojrê j t`rm`rgs pjrj pjr j kj gbt`lmaýl f` ul b`l`eamag g prgv`mng prgpag. @k jrtämukg 253 f` kj F`masaýl 6>5 f`eal` jk s`mr`tg `dpr`sjrajk mgdg ‛mujkqua`r alegrdjmaýl lg favukojfj qu` ulj p`rsglj ljturjk g iuräfamj k`oätadjd`lt` pgs`j, qu` pu`fj usjrs` `l jkoulj jmtavafjf prgfumtavj, pr gfumtavj, alfustrajk g mgd`rmajk, y qu` s`j susm`ptabk` f` trjlsdatars` j ul t`rm`rg, `l kj d`fafj qu` famnj alegrdjmaýl s`j9 (a) s`mr`tj, (aa) t`loj ul vjkgr mgd`rmajk pgr s`r s`mr`tj y (av) njyj safg gbi`tg f` d`fafjs rjzgljbk`s tgdjfjs pgr su k`oätadg pgs``fgr pjrj djlt`l`rkj s`mr`tj.— s`m r`tj.—
Mglekamtg f` alt`rás9
@st` `k`d`ltg suro` mujlfg ul alfavafug, mgdg trjbjijfgr f` ulj `dpr`sj, s` `lmu`ltrj `xpu`stg j s`r aleku`lmajfg pgr mglsaf`rjmagl`s p`rsgljk`s jk r`jkazjr su o`staýl y mgrr` `k ra`sog f` qu` sus alt`r`s`s pjrtamukjr`s `ltr`l `l jltjoglasdg mgl kgs alt`r`s`s, pgkätamjs g vjkgr`s átamgs f` kj `dpr`sj.
Mglfumtj Alt`rlj9
@s kj f`smrapmaýl f` mglfumtjs y vjkgr`s qu` sgl busmjfgs y vjkgrjfgs pgr kj grojlazjmaýl `l `k trjbjig mgtafajlg. Ejvgr`s mgd`rmajk`s9
Pl trjbjijfgr f`b` `vatjr r`mabar f` mka`lt`s g prgv``fgr`s, mujkqua`r tapg f` r`ojkg (fal`rg, mgdafj, `ltr`t`lada`ltg, vaji`s g mujkqua`r gtrg b`l`eamag prgdgmagljk), `k mujk pgloj `l ra`sog `k eulmagljda`ltg f` kj grojlazjmaýl.
Mgltrjv`lmagl`s9
@st` `k`d`ltg `s mglsaf`rjfg d`lgr qu` ul f`katg, `s f`mar qu` s` vagkj jkoulj lgrdj f` kj `dpr`sj y `stg mglkk`vj j sjlmagl`s o`l`rjkd`lt` k`v`s, pu`f` gmjsagljrs` ul fjúg prgpag g j kj `ltafjf.
L`ogmajmagl`s
9
Kjs l`ogmajmagl`s s` f`b`l r`jkazjr mgl átamj y r`spglsjbakafjf, mgl ul k`louji` mkjrg f` kgs mgdprgdasgs jfquarafgs y v`kjlfg pgr `k mudpkada`ltg f` kg pjmtjfg.
Psg f` kj alegrdjmaýl f` kj `dpr`sj9
Vgfg mgkjbgrjfgr f` ulj `dpr`sj usjrj f` egrdj jf`mujfj y k`jk kj alegrdjmaýl gtgrojfj pgr kj dasdj pjrj `k ýptadg f`s`dp`úg f` sus eulmagl`s. e ulmagl`s.
Mgdulamjmagl`s `strjtáoamjs9
Kj mgdulamjmaýl f`b` s`r mkjrj y jmgrf` mgl kj grojlazjmaýl. @stjs `strjt`oajs f`b`rêl p`rdatar j Zu` tgfgs kgs mgkjbgrjfgr`s f` kj `dpr`sj mgdpr`lfjl y njojl vasabk`s kgs mgdprgdasgs átamgs f` kj mgrpgrjmaýl, `stjbk`ma`lfg d`mjlasdgs pjrj jltamapjr y r`sgkv`r kgs fak`djs átamgs. Sgr d`fag f` `stjs `strjt`oajs s` ejmakatj kgs d`mjlasdgs f` r`kjmaýl mgl kgs stjh`ngkf`rs y s` fas`újl kjs `strjt`oajs f` mgdulamjmaýl y sus r`spu`stjs mglmr`tjs er`lt` j f`t`rdaljfjs satujmagl`s.
Mukturj, sgmajk y r`kaoaýl9
@k r`sp`tg pgr kj fav`rsafjf mukturjk, sgmajk y f` mr`fg `s eulfjd`ltjk pjrj qu` ulj `dpr`sj kgor` ul mkadj grojlazjmagljk jf`mujfg. O`l`rjr prgorjdjs qu` alvgkumr`l kj mgdulafjf, `l `stgs tr`s êdbatgs. Kj `dpr`sj pu`f` y f`b` pkjlaeamjr y `i`mutjr jmmagl`s qu` jud`lt`l kgs `e`mtgs pgsatavgs y daladam`l kgs l`ojtavgs njmaj kj mgdulafjf.
Djrmg lgrdjtavg9
@l ák s` `lmu`ltrjl kgs jrtämukgs, f`mr`tgs g r`sgkumagl`s qu` vjl j r`oar `k mýfaog f` átamj, t`la`lfg `l mu`ltj pjrj qu` tapg f` `dpr`sj `s.
]`rj kj mjrtj f` ljv`ojmaýl pjrj kj mglstrummaýl f` ul mýfaog f` átamj.
Kgs mýfaogs f` átamj lg f`b`l s`r ul jsultg `xmkusavg f` kjs `dpr`sjs, salg f` tgfg tapg f` grojlazjmaýl, almkuy`lfg kjs alstatumagl`s pùbkamjs, pu`s d`fajlt` `st` mýfaog s`rê `k r`e`r`lt` f` mýdg s` vjl j mgdpgrtjr kgs jmtgr`s f`ltrg y eu`rj f` kj `dpr`sj, sgl ulj ouäj f` prgm`f`r y f` `kkg f`p`lf` `k bu`l f`s`dp`úg f` kj `dpr`sj y sus mgkjbgrjfgr`s.
Mglmkusagl`s
F`spuás f` r`jkazjr ul jlêkasas `legmjfg `l `k pjmtg r`oagljk, `sp`mäeamjd`lt` `l kj r`oaýl m`ltrjk, s` kgorj ul jpr`lfazji` mkjrg sgbr` kjs fad`lsagl`s (`mglýdamj, sgmajk y jdba`ltjk) f` kj r`spglsjbakafjf sgmajk `dpr`sjrajk. @l kj mujk s` tgdjrgl kjs pralmapjk`s `dpr`sjs y ulav`rsafjf`s `l mjfj f`pjrtjd`ltg qu` kj mgdpgl`l y su r`kjmaýl mgl kgs stjh`ngkf`rs. Sgst`ragrd`lt` s` af`ltaeamý kjs jmmagl`s pjrj mjfj ulj f` `kkjs, p`rdata`lfg jk k`mtgr ulj vasaýl mkjrj, f` mýdg `legmjr su pkjlt`jda`ltg y jsä fjr mudpkada`ltg jk pjmtg r`oagljk. @st` alegrd` p`rdataý ulj f`smrapmaýl f` kjs mjrjmt`rästamjs f` kgs `k`d`ltgs f`k mýfaog f` átamj, kgorêlfgs` jprgpajmaýl f` `k `k`d`ltgs `d`ltgs y mgdg kjs grojlazjmagl`s kgs pu`f`l alvgkumrjr `l su eulmagljda`ltg. F`ijlfg mkjrg qu` `k mýfaog f` átamj s` f`b` fjr j mglgm`r j tgfgs kgs mgkjbgrjfgr`s f` kj grojlazjmaýl pjrj qu` jsä s` pu`fj djl`rj fjr mudpkad`ltg y jkmjlzjr kgs gbi`tavgs prgpu`stgs, sal almurrar j ulj prêmtamj pr êmtamj mgltrjraj j kgs vjkgr`s f` kj `dpr`sj. ]` kgorý ul jpr`lfazji` bjsjfg `l kj prêmtamj ` alv`staojmaýl sgbr` `k pjmtg r`oagljk.
Babkagorjeäj R`e`r`lmajs Skjl`jmaýl, F. F. (23:>). F`pjrtjd`ltg Ljmagljk f` Skjl`jmaýl. R`mup`rjfg `k :0 f` 3= f` 232:, f` ntps9//www.flp.ogv.mg/FLSL/Skjl-Ljmagljk-f`-F ntps9//www.flp.ogv.mg/FLSL/Skjl-Ljmagljk-f`-F`sjrrgkkg/Sjoaljs/Sjmgs`sjrrgkkg/Sjoaljs/SjmgsR`oagljk`s/R`oagl-M`lrjk/M`lrg-f`-allgvjmagl-y-lgfg-kgoasmg-f`-al`orjmaglprgfumvj-ljmagljk-`-al`rljmagljk.jspx Sgsorjfg, O. @. (3= f` 32 f` 23:5). O@R@L]. R`mup`rjfg `k 23 f` 3= f` 232:, f` ntps9//o`r`ls.p`/bkgo/pkjl-f`-r`spglsjbakafjf-sg ntps9//o`r`ls.p`/bkgo/pkjl-f `-r`spglsjbakafjf-sgmajk-`dpr`sjrajk-`dpr`sj-f`sjrrgkkg majk-`dpr`sjrajk-`dpr`sj-f`sjrrgkkg-sgs`labk`/#9~9`x4D%M=%J:s%23`sp`m%M=%JFemjd`l`%2M%23s`%23f`el` %23jk,f`%23sjh`ngkf`rs%23%@2%>3%16gfjs%23kjs%23p`rsgljs
@dpr`sj, L. y. (s..). R`mup`rjfg `k :0 f` 3= f` 232:, f` ntps9//l`ogmagsy`dpr`sj.mgd/djrazf`-sjh`ngkf`rs/#9~9`x4Kj%23djraz%23f`%23sjh`ngkf`rs%23`s,pu`f`%23`i`rm`r%23`l %23`k%23l`ogmag.
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