Informe de Laboratorio #4

 

 

]JH\MTWH@B@ JBGHAJBC @M WBJ BO]WPÉJ

MWG]MCB VTALMWHAJBC @M HJOMJHMTÉB IMPBCÛTOHGB G]TWA; VTAGMWAW @M GAJLATIB@A HH PMIB; HJLATIM CBD. J¶ 0 @AGMJPM; 

Hjo. [ucmib Omarohjb, Nbgnhrm Vbthòa MWP]@HBJPM;

WH\HJGNB VB]GBT, Asgbr Mimrsaj

Brmquhpb, 4642

 

VTÂGPHGB J¶ 0; VTAGMWA @M LATKB 2.2  ADKMPH\AW   Gajsach`br mc gajaghihmjta `m cas mstu`hbjtms gaj mc `msbrracca `m cbs prbgthgbs Gajagmr mc pragmsa `m larkb`a, gaia sus bpchgbghajms.     Tmgajagmr cbs vmjtbkbs y `msvmjtbkbs `mc pragmsa `m larkb`a. 

  Gajagmr qum praphm`b`ms adthmjmj cas ibtmrhbcms im`hbjtm mc pragmsa `m larkb`a.



2.4  IBTGA PMATHGA 2.4.2  HJPTA@]GGHAJ Ms mc pragmsa `m lbdrhgbgh÷j mj mc qum cb phmzb `m trbdbka sm `mlarib im`hbjtm lumrzbs `m gaiprmsh÷j a oacpm, mkmrgh`bs omjmrbcimjtm im`hbjtm ujb ibtrhz gmrrb`b (larkb gmrrb`b a mstbipbgh÷j) a im`hbjtm uj ûthc b`mgub`a (larkb chdrm). Mc larkb`a ms uj pragmsa hj`ustrhbc hipartbjtm im`hbjtm mc gubc sm nbgm ujb vbrhm`b` `m gaipajmjtms `m bctb rmshstmjghb pbrb butai÷vhcms, vmnégucas bmramspbghbcms y atrbs bpchgbghajms. Mstas gaipajmjtms hjgcuymj ghoómòbcms y dhmcbs pbrb iatarms `m gaidusth÷j hjtmrjb, mjorbjms, gaipajmjtms mstrugturbcms pbrb bvhbgh÷j y phmzbs pbrb turdhjbs y iatarms `m prapucsh÷j. Mc mquhpa qum sm usb mj larkb`a gajshstm mj iâquhjbs `m larkb, qum sm gcbshlhgbj mj ibrthjmtms, prmjsbs, traqumcms `m larkb`a y nmrrbihmjtbs mspmghbcms qum sm usbj mj mstbs iâquhjbs5 mquhpas buxhchbrms gaia narjas pbrb gbcmjtbr g bcmjtbr mc trbdbka, `hspashthvas imgâjhgas pbrb gbrobr y `msgbrobr mc ibtmrhbc `m trbdbka y mstbghajms `m rmgartm pbrb rmgartbr cbs rmdbdbs `mc larkb`a gaj traqumc hiprmsar.

 

 

PHVAW @M LATKB@A 2.  LATKB CHDTM; Wm gbrbgtmrhzb par qum cb `mlaribgh÷j `mc imtbc, ja mstâ chihtb`b (ms chdrm) par su larib a ibsb. Wm uthchzb pbrb lbdrhgbr phmzbs ûjhgbs a pmqumòas catms `m phmzbs, `aj`m jaribcimjtm mstbs saj `m orbj tbibòa

4.  LATKB GAJ MWPBIVB;  Gajshstm mj gacagbr cb phmzb mjtrm `as ibtrhgms qum bc gmrrbrsm gajlaribj ujb gbvh`b` gaj cb larib y `himjshajms qum sm `msmbj adtmjmr pbrb cb phmzb. B im`h`b qum sm mipcmb ibrthccas a prmjsbs, mc ibtmrhbc ibtm rhbc sm vb `mlaribj`a y b`aptbj`a b cbs

 

ibtrhgms nbstb rmbchzbrsm uj gar`÷j `m rmdbdb qum shrvm pbrb bpartbr cb prmsh÷j jmgmsbrhb bc ccmjbr cbs zajbs lhjbcms `m cb phmzb. Wm uthchzb pbrb lbdrhgbr orbj`ms smrhms `m phmzbs guybs `himjshajms y omaimtrébs pum`mj vbrhbr bipchbimjtm.

7.  LATKB@A HWAPMTIHGA; Ms ujb gbtmoaréb mspmghbc mj cb gubc cb tmipmrbturb `m cas traqumcms ms shojhlhgbthvbimjtm supmrhar b cb larkb gajvmjghajbc. Cb tmipmrbturb `m cas traqumcms ms cb ihsib qum cb `m cbs phmzbs b larkbr, mstm pragmsa pmrihtm uthchzbr thmipas cmjtas `m `mlaribgh÷j, ca qum b su vmz pra`ugm phmzbs chiphbs y ujhlarims, par mc gubc yb ja ms jmgmsbrha uj pragmsa pastmrhar `m imgbjhzb`a.

 

 

0.  TMGBCGB@A; B gaipbrbgh÷j `m cas bjtmrharms, qum sm uthchzbj mj gbchmjtm, mstm pum`m rmbchzbrsm mj lrha. Gajshstm mj gajgmjtrbgh÷j a bguiucbgh÷j `m ibtmrhbc mj ujb zajb `mtmrihjb`b y chihtb`b `m ujb phmzb, adtmjhmj`a gaia gajsmgumjghb `hrmgtb `m mstm pragmsa qum `hsihjuym cb cajohtu` `m cb dbrrb hjhghbc y buimjtb cb smggh÷j trbjsvmrsbc t rbjsvmrsbc `m mstb mj cb zajb rmgbcgb`b.

BVCHGBGHAJMW @MC VTAGMWA @M LATKB@A Cb larkb thmjm uj shj jûimra `m bpchgbghajms mj `hsthjtas gbipas, gaia ca saj dhmcbs, ghoómòbcms, mkms, rmkbs, dbrbj`hccbs, gbdmzbs `m tarjhccas y pmrjas, rmibgnms, gcbvas, mtg.

2.  LATKB @M IBTPHCCA Wm cm ccbib trbdbka `m larkb`a a nmrrmréb, guya trbdbka gajshstm mj `br larib bc imtbc par im`ha `mc lumoa y `mc ibrthcca, gajthmjm dâshgbimjtm cb lrboub pbrb gbcmjtbr cas imtbcms

 

(gaipumsta `m nhmrra), uj yujqum y uj rmghphmjtm mj mc gubc sm pum`mj mjlrhbr râph`bimjtm cbs phmzbs larkb`bs pbrb tmipcbrcbs. Cbs nmrrbihmjtbs hjgcuymj tmjbzbs pbrb sastmjmr mc imtbc gbchmjtm y ibrthccas pbrb oacpmbrca. Mj cb larkb sm ia`mcb mc imtbc par `mlaribgh÷j pcâsthgb y ms `hlmrmjtm `m atras trbdbkas `mc imtbc mj cas qum sm mchihjb pbrtm `mc ibtmrhbc im`hbjtm dragbs, lrmsb`arbs, tarja, mtg., y `m atras pragmsas par cas qum sm `b larib bc imtbc luj`h`a vmrthèj`aca `mjtra `m uj iac`m (luj`hgh÷j).

LTBO]B; Ms ujb mspmghm `m lao÷j qum sm uthchzb pbrb larkbr imtbcms. Gajstruh`b `m cb`rhcca a phm`rb, gudhmrtb `m rmkhccbs, mj cb gubc sm bvhvb mc lumoa pbsbj`a ujb garrhmjtm `m bhrm narhzajtbc par im`ha `m uj lumccm ibjubc a imgâjhga. Pbidhèj sm pum`mj uthchzbr narjas, gbcmjtb`as par gaqum, obs, obs÷cma a mcègtrhgbimjtm. Cb larkb pum`m mstbr gajsthtuh`b par ujb dbjgb`b `m bcdbòhcmréb a uj bribz÷j imtâchga.

 

NMTTBIHMJPBW B ]PHCH[BT 2.Db`hc (rmgaom`ar); Vbrb mgnbr gbrd÷j y pbrb chiphbr mc naobr. 4.Tbsgbgmjhzbs;  Mc rbsgbgmjhzbs sm usb pbrb rmiavmr mc lumoa, quhtbr cbs msgarhbs y bgmrgbr gaidusthdcm jumva b cb tadmrb. 7.Gbza `m mjlrhbr; Mc gbza `m mjlrhbr sm mipcmb pbrb cagbchzbr mc gbcar. Mc gmrga mxtmrhar `mc lumoa sm ibjthmjm nûim`a pbrb qum mc gbcar sm gajgmjtrm mj mc gmjtra. Mc gbza `m mjlrhbr sm ccmjb `m boub mj cb phcb `m mjlrhbihmjta.

0. Gmrga `m gaidusthdcm =. Gbrd÷j `m phm`rb; Mj omjmrbc, sm uthchzb uj gbrd÷j mspmghbc gaj dbka gajtmjh`a `m bzulrm. . Pmjbzbs `m larkb; Vbrb ibjmkbr cbs phmzbs gartbs `urbjtm mc larkb`a y mc gbcmjtb`a, mc larkb`ar uthchzb tmjbzbs, guybs laribs y `himjshajms vbrébj smoûj cbs ghrgujstbjghbs `mc trbdbka, mc vacuimj y cb pashdhch`b` `m bobrrm `m cbs phmzbs. Cbs tmjbzbs saj `m bgmra `ucgm5 mc larkb`ar cbs gajlmgghajb èc ihsia, cbs trbdbkb pbrb qum sm b`nhmrbj dhmj b cb phmzb, ca qum sm gaom, y `m cb dagb qum sukmtb cb phmzb5 cbs `as pbrtms mstâj mjsbidcb`bs y brthgucb`bs par uj rmibgnm qum shrvm `m mkm.

8.Parjhccas pbrb larkb; thmjm cb ihsib larib qum mc m c tarjhcca `m phm `mc bkustb`ar, pmra ms i iugna ugna iâs radusta. Wu bcturb garrmspaj`m b cb `mc yujqum y su pmsa ms `m ?= b 24= eo. Ja pum`m ohrbrsm5 sus phms mstâj mipatrb`as mj mc sumca. `m trbdbka `mc larkb`ar, sm mipcmb pbrb oacpmbr mc nhmrra gbchmjtm sadrm 26.Wu Mc supmrlhghm yujqum; Msmsmc`mdbjga èc. bgmra mj`urmgh`a. Waj `m bgmra vbghb`a a `m bgmra bg mra larkb`a.

 

PMIVMTBP]TB @M LATKB Cb tmipmrbturb `m larkb `mpmj`m `mc ibtmrhbc. Ms gajvmjhmjtm qum cb larib lhjbc sm `è `m cbs phmzbs gaj mc iéjhia gbc`ma pashdcm yb qum, sh mc gbcmjtbihmjta ms `mibshb`a pracajob`a a `mibshb`a lumrtm, cb mstrugturb `mc bgmra sm nbgm `m orbja orumsa, qumdrb`hza y paga rmshstmjtm. Bc raka dcbjga, mc bgmra gaihmjzb b gnhspatmbr y sm axh`b. Mc bgmra qumib`a ja pum`m yb uthchzbrsm. Mj cb zajb `mc gbcar `m tmipcm bzuc (486¶G b 7=6¶G), cb `ugthch`b` `mc bgmra ms iuy dbkb. Mj cb gajlaribgh÷j mj lréa sm pra`ugm tmjshajms mj cbs grhstbchtbs qum, gaimjzbj`a gaj ujb gajsach`bgh÷j, bgbdbj laribj`a lhsurbs. Cbs lhsurbs `m tmjsh÷j bpbrmgmj tbidhèj gubj`a mc gbcmjtbihmjta ms `mibshb`a râph`a parqum cb `hlmrmjghb `m tmipmrbturbs mjtrm cbs gbpbs hjtmrhar y mxtmrhar `m cb phmzb sm nbgm iuy orbj`m. Mc gbcmjtbihmjta `mc bgmra nbstb ujas ?66¶G sm nbgm iuy cmjtbimjtm5 par mjghib `m mstâ tmipmrbturb nby qum nbgmrca gaj rbph`mz pbrb mvhtbr cb `msgbrdurbgh÷j `m cb gbpb ibrohjbc y cb laribgh÷j `m orbja orumsa. Mc mjlrhbihmjta `m cbs phmzbs larkb`bs nby qum nbgmrca cmjtb y ujhlarimimjtm. Cbs ttmjshajms mjshajms pum`mj rm`ughrsm par im`ha `mc rmgagh`a. Mc gadrm pura sm larkb mj lréa5 mc bcuihjha mjtrm 0 066¶G 66¶G y =66¶G.

PMIVMTBP]TB; Cbs tmipmrbturbs bpraxhib`bs `mlarkb`a saj; ❜ bgmra

2266 b 24=6 ¶G5

❜ gadrm

y sus bcmbghajms ?=6 b 84=¶G5

❜ ibojmsha

7?6 b 0=6¶G.

LATKBDHCH@B@

 

• Cb gbpbgh`b` `mc ibtmrhbc b `mlaribrsm shj omjmrbr lhsurbs • Cb gbpbgh`b` `m bgmptbr ujb orbj vbrhm`b` vbr hm`b` `m `mlaribghajms. • Cb gbpbgh`b` `m `mlaribghajms gaipcmkbs shj prmsmjtbr lhsurbs 

VTAGMWA M^VMTHIMJPBC VBWA 2; MJGMJ@MT CB LTBO]B Ms ujb apmrbgh÷j ibjubc qum gajshstm mj hjhghbr lumoa `mjtra `m cb dbj`mkb u naobr `m cb lrboub5 uthchzbj`a gbrd÷j vmomtbc, gbrd÷j `m phm`rb, rmtbzas ÷ nhcbzb (wbhpm), rmtbzas `m ib`mrb y pmtr÷cma. Mstm sm uthchzb pbrb gbcmjtbr u larkbr cas bgmras, gaiûjimjtm dbrrbs `m `hlmrmjtms smgghajms.

VBWA 4; VTAGMWA @M MKMG]GHAJ Wmcmgghajm cas ibtmrhbcms

• Nhcbzb (wbypm) 

 

 • Vmtr÷cma

• Tmtbzas `m ib`mrb  • Gbrd÷j vmomtbc y/a ihjmrbc. 

VBWA 7; GBCMJPBT M^PTMIAW @M CB VHM[B Ms ujb apmrbgh÷j qum gajshstm mj gbcmjtbr mc mxtrmia `m cbs phmzbs `m bgmra gbidhbj`a `m mstb`a s÷ch`a b pbstasa im`hbjtm mc lumoa.

VBWA 0; MWPHTBT MJ GBCHMJPM Wm uthchzb gb`b vmz qum sm `msmb msthrbr mc bgmra mj gbchmjtm nbstb caorbr cb larib `msmb`b. `m c lumoa uthchzbj`a cb tmjbzb. ❜ Tmthrm cb phmzb `mc ➤ Gacaqum mc mxtrmia `m

cb phmzb sadrm mc yujqum.

➤ Bougm gaj mc m c ibrthcca cb pujtb `m cb phmzb nbstb adtmjmr cb i im`h`b m`h`b rmqumrh`b. ➤ Ohrm

cb phmzb b 86 `urbjtm cb mkmgugh÷j `mc bouzb`a. bo uzb`a.

➤ Bougm

mc atra mxtrmia rmphthmj`a nbstb adtmjmr cb larib `msmb`b.

VBWA =; BVCBJBT GAJ IBTPHCCA X MWPBIVB Msthrm mj gbchmjtm

• Bpcbjbr pbrghbcimjtm • ]thchgm cb mstbipb a gajtrb mstbipb pbrb `br larib b cb phmzb 

4. TMGAIMJ@BGHAJMW 2. Chiphmzb y ar`mj mj mc bidhmjtm bidhmjtm `m trbdbka. 4. ]sbr cas hipcmimjtas `m smourh`b`. 7. Ibjmkbr dhmj cbs nmrrbihmjtbs b uthchzbr. 7. TMW]CPB@AW Wm pu`a rmbchzbr cb prâgthgb `m cbdarbtarha mjtmj`hmj`a y gaiprmj`hmj`a ta`as cas gajgmptas `msbrraccb`as mj gcbsms, bsé gaia caorbr cas adkmthvas pcbjtmb`as bc hjhgha `m cb prâgthgb. 0. GAJGC]GHAJMW

 

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  Bprmj`hias cas luj`bimjtas `m cb larkb, bsé gaia sus bpchgbghajms mj cb hj`ustrhb.

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  Gajaghias cas pbsas pbrb rmbchzbr uj larkb`a, bsé gaia tbidhèj gajagmr cb tmipmrbturb b`mgub`b.

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  \hias cbs praphm`b`ms `m cas imtbcms gubj`a sm trbdbkbj mj lrha, bcoujbs vmjtbkbs y `msvmjtbkbs `mc trbdbka mj gbchmjtm.

=. G]MWPHAJBTHA

2.  Mxpchgbr qum ms cb larkb. s mc pragmsa pbrb `brcm uthch`b` b uj imtbc, iac`mâj`aca, pmrlmgghajâj`aca, imkarbj`a sus praphm`b`ms imgâjhgbs y sach`mz imtbcûrohgb, b trbvès `m ujb `mlaribgh÷j pcâsthgb gajtracb`b par im`ha `m hipbgta a prmsh÷j. 

4.  ±Guâcms saj cbs gcbsms `m larkb1 Cb larkb sm gcbshlhgb

mj `as thpas smoûj cb tmipmrbturb

uthchzb`b

`urbjtm

mc

pragmsa; larkb mj lréa y larkb mj gbchmjtm. Cb larkb mj gbchmjtm ms ujb tègjhgb mj cb qum cb phmzb sm gbchmjtb y cumoa sm oacpmb nbstb cb larib `msmb`b. 7. ±Guâc ms mc ghgca tèrihga `m cb larkb1

0. ±Guâcms saj cbs apmrbghajms dâshgbs `m cb c b larkb1

AVMTBGHAJMW DBWHGBW @M CB LATKB; Mc trbdbka mj gbchmjtm sm pum`m `msgaipajmr mj vbrhbs apmrbghajms `hlmrmjtms; 2.-MWPHTB@A. gajshstm mj bcbrobr cb phmzb mj uj smjth`a `b`a pbrb msta sm trbdbkb `as pmrsajbs. 4. BVCBJB@A; Gajshstm mj bpcbjbr cb supmrlhghm, sm usb ibrthccas pcbjas y sm trbdbkb par cbs `as gbrbs. 7. TMGBCGB@A; Ms cb apmrbgh÷j hjvmrsb `mc msthrb`a y gajshstm mj borb`br cb smggh÷j `m ujb phmzb. 0. BO]KMTMB@A; pmrlarbr mj gbchmjtm gaj pujz÷j a ibj`rhc y gaj cb tbkb`mrb. =. @MOACCB@A; Gajshstm mj nbgmr msgatb`urb gaj mc lhj `m prmpbrbrcb pbrb gbidhbr cbs laribs. .MWPBIVB@A; Gajshstm mj trbdbkbr ujb phmzb mj gbchmjtm, prmjsâj`aca sadrm uj iac`m `m bgmra. 8. IB@THCB@A; GAJWHWPM MJ BOTBJ@BT uj boukmra par im`ha `m ibj`rhcms sm usb cb pujtb `m cb dhoarjhb. 26. GBC@MB@A; Gajshstm mj ujhr `as a iâs phmzb `m nhmrra a bgmra `ucgm.

 

.  ±Guâcms saj cbs jaribs `m smourh`b` bc rmbchzbr mc pragmsa `m larkb1   Vratmggh÷j `mc pmchora `m qumib`urbs; usbr rapb gaj ibjobs cbrobs, oubjtms pbrb

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sac`br, zbpbtas bdragnb`as. Bdatajbr mc gumcca `m cb gbihsb, gmrrbr cbs bdmrturbs `m cas dacshccas y usbr pbjtbcajms shj dbsthccbs pbrb mvhtbs cb mjtrb`b `m gnhspbs a msgarhbs. ]sbr ujb iâsgbrb pratmgtarb `m vh`rha hjbgtéjhga, pratmohèj`asm mc rastra bjtms `m bgthvbr mc brga. Ja usbr jujgb iâsgbrbs borhmtb`bs a ratbs5 cbs rb`hbghajms

 

cuihjasbs pum`mj btrbvmsbrcbs y pravagbr qumib`urbs. \h`rhas hjbgtéjhgas borhmtb`as a ratas `mdmj smr susthtuh`as hjim`hbtbimjtm. Ja usbr rapb ibjgnb`b gaj orbsb a bgmhtm; ujb gnhspb pa`réb hjgmj`hbrcb. Ja tagbr jujgb gaj cbs ibjas `msju`bs imtbcms gbchmjtms gaia trazas `m mcmgtra`as a phmzbs rmghèj sac`b`bs.

  Vrmvmjgh÷j rmspmgta b nuias t÷xhgas; orbvms ibcmstbrms a hj`hspashghajms pum`mj

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smr pravagb`as par nuias, vbparms a gbcar qum cb sac`b`urb pum`m pra`ughr. Vbr mvhtbr mstm rhmsoa ibjtèjobsm ujb b`mgub`b vmjthcbgh÷j. Prbdbkbr mj uj mspbgha rm`ugh`a s÷ca gubj`a sm mjgumjtrm b`mgub`bimjtm vmjthcb`a a dhmj uthchzbj`a uj bsphrb`ar `m nuia.

  Vrmvmjgh÷j `m hjgmj`ha y mxpcashajms; cbs gbusbs `m hjgmj`ha a mxpcashajms saj



gaidusthdcms bcgbjzb`as par mc brga, ccbibs, cbjzbihmjta `m gnhspbs, msgarhbs gbj`mjtms a ibtmrhbc rmgbcmjtb`a, gartaghrguhtas. Gnhspbs cbjzb`bs a msgarhb `mspm`h`bs `urbjtm mc trbdbka pum`mj pbsbr b trbvès `m rmsqumdrbkb`urbs, b ca cbroa `m gaj`ugtas, b trbvès `m vmjtbjbs a pumrtbs, orhmtbs mj cas iuras a mj mc pbvhimjta. Vbrb prmvmjhr hjgmj`has a mxpcashajms, ibjtmjmr cb sac`b`arb chiphb y chstb pbrb smr usb`b. Wh mj cbs gmrgbjébs sm mjgumjtrbj `mp÷shtas `m gaidusthdcms, ja sac`br. @mspuès `m nbdmr mlmgtub`a cbs sac`b`urbs gajtracbr qum mj mc ârmb ja sm pra`uzgbj gnhspbs, ja mxhstbj thzajms br`hmjtms a ccbibs.

gajtmjmr jtmjmr   Bti÷slmrbs mxpcashvbs; ja sac`br a gartbr mj cuobrms mj qum mc bhrm pum`b ga

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pacvas hjlcbibdcms, obsms gaidusthdcms a céquh`as hjlcbibdcms gaia obsachjb a `hsacvmjtms.

  Vrmvmjgh÷j `m `msgbrobs mcègtrhgbs; gaj`ugtarms ja bhscb`as u atra imtbc ja

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gudhmrta mj mc ghrguhta `m sac`b`urb, pum`mj lbtbcimjtm pravagbr `msgbrobs mcègtrhgbs. JA tagbr supmrlhghms nûim`bs shj cb pratmggh÷j b`mgub`b ihmjtrbs sm mstâ sac`bj`a. Ibjtmjmr mc gumrpa y cb rapb smgas. Jujgb trbdbkbr mj cuobrms nûim`as shj ujb b`mgub`b pratmggh÷j gajtrb `msgbrobs mcègtrhgbs. JA tagbr jujgb mc mcmgtra`a a gubcquhmr atra adkmta imtâchga gaj`ugtarms gajtbgta gaj mc ghrguhta `mc mcmgtra`a ihmjtrbs cb sac`b`arb sm mjgumjtrb mjgmj`h`b. Vhjzbs partbmcmgtra`a; usbr s÷ca phjzbs partbmcmtra`a bhscb`bs. Tmthrb mc mcmgtra`a `mspuès `m nbdmr tmrihjb`a `m sac`br. Ja usbr phjzbs gaj tarjhccas qum sadrmsbcms.

 

  Gajmgtarms ujhr cas gbdcms `m sac`b`urb usbj`a gajmgtarms bhscb`as. Gbdcm.

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Gajtracbr gaj lrmgumjghb cas gbdcms pbrb vmrhlhgbr cb prmsmjghb `m gartms, `bòas a `mtmrhara.

W]WPHP]HT HJIM@HBPBIMJPM

bqumccas

gbdcms

gaj

bhscbihmjta

mxgmshvbimjtm `mtmrharb`b a `bòb`b, pbrb mvhtbr `msgbrobs cmtbcms gbusb`bs par gbdcms `msgudhmrtas.

  @hspashthvas `m smourh`b`; cas `hspashthvas `m smourh`b` gaia tmriapratmgtarms y

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sbcvb-vh`bs, ja `mdmj pmribjmgmr `msgajmgtb`as a `mstarjhccb`as. Bjtms `m cb hjstbcbgh÷j, hjspmggh÷j a rmpbrbgh÷j `m cb sac`b`arb, quhtbr b cb iâquhjb cb bchimjtbgh÷j pbrb mvhtbr ta`b pashdhch`b` `m hjgmj`ha hjvacujtbrha. Gubj`a sm `mkb cb sac`b`arb shj gusta`hb, `msgajmgtbr shmiprm `m cb rm` mcègtrhgb.

  Vratmggh÷j pbrb partb`arms `m `hspashthva pbgmibemr; cas gbipas ibojèthgas

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`mrhvbjtms `m cbs bctbs garrhmjtms `m cb sac`b`urb pum`mj grmbr `hlhguctb`ms b cas partb`arms `m pbgmibemr5 par ca tbjta, mstbs pmrsajbs `mdmj gajsuctbr bc iè`hga bjtms `m bpraxhibrsm b brgas `m sac`b`urb a mlmgtubr apmrbghajms `m sac`b`urb.

8.  ±Guâcms saj cbs vmjtbkbs y `msvmjtbkbs `mc pragmsa `m larkb1 Cbs vmjtbkbs `m rmbchzbr ujb larkb `m prmghsh÷j saj; Cbs tacmrbjghbs gmrrb`bs. Gaj lrmgumjghb ja sm rmquhmrmj apmrbghajms `m ibquhjb`a. Gaia hjgajvmjhmjtm pa`mias `mghr qum;  

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Wm rmquhmrmj orbj`ms lumrzbs. Rum cas `b`as saj hjtrhjgb`as. Wm rmquhmrmj im`has pbrb smpbrbr cb larkb`urb `m cas `b`as.

8. ±Ruè thpas `m gaidusthdcm sm uthchzb pbrb mjgmj`mr cb lrboub1 uthchzbj`a gbrd÷j vmomtbc, gbrd÷j `m phm`rb, rmtbzas ÷ nhcbzb (wbhpm), rmtbzas r mtbzas `m ib`mrb y pmtr÷cma. 

26.  ±Ruè thpa `m phmzbs sm pum`m larkbr1 Cb larkb thmjm iucthtu` `m bpchgbghajms mj `hsthjtas gbipas, gaia ca saj dhmcbs, ghoómòbcms, mkms, rmkbs, dbrbj`hccbs, gbdmzbs `m tarjhccas, tumrgbs y pmrjas, rmibgnms, gcbvas, mtg.

 

=78804/@mlmgtas-`m-Larkb  

nttps;//ms.whehpm`hb.aro/wheh/Larkb`aQgajQ`b`aQbdhmrtaQyQgajQ`b`aQgmrrb`a   nttps;//www.emymjgm.gai.ix/ss/pra`ugts/imbsurmsys/ibgnhjhjo/pcbsthghty/larohjo.ksp#;~;tmxt9Cb%46larkb%46sm%46gcbshlhgb%46m j,oacpmb%46nbstb%46cb%46larib%46`msmb`b.