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SJ@M M[MCHW  @JM-?44

NFSJL[MFSJW T[MCM _MW]ZJY IJWZW @MFZJB YJLM[[M M[MTM M[MTM IZMF G GM[BHW M[BHW ^MFM @HFSH^M MBKJ[SH

 

CJBLMCH GA. @NLZJB MFLJB

]ZÎ JW JB M[MCH Jb mrmch h mrmcrh (cjb bmtàf mrmtru`) js ufm ajrrm`njftm cj bmkrmfzm utnbnzmcm jf bm mlrngubturm pmrm mkrnr surghs jf bm tnjrrm y rj`hvjr jb sujbh mftjs cj sj`krmr. Mrmr mu`jftm bm phrhsncmc, bh quj omvhrjgj jb grjgn`njfth cj bms pbmftms, mufquj mb rj`hvjr  jb sujbh sj pnjrcj mlum phr jvmphrmgn÷f y mblh cj sujbh phr jrhsn÷f Curmftj bm mftnlòjcmc prjch`nf÷ jb trmkmih `mfumb jf bms mgtnvncmcjs mlràghbms. Bm `jgmfnzmgn÷f sj rjcugàm prnfgnpmb`jftj mb ush cjb mrmch, cjb mrmch-sj`krmchrm usmch jf su`jrnm, cjb trnbbh y cj htrms ghftmcms `íqunfms jf mblufms rjlnhfjs. uf mcjbmfth `uy n`phrtmftj ouj jb rjj`pbmzh cjb trmkmih h bm trmggn÷f au`mfm phr jb mfn`mb. Jf bm mgtumbncmc jb mrmch mfn`mb ouj rjj`pbmzmch jf su `myhràm phr `mqunfms nfcustrnmbjs.

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Mrmch rhtmthrnh Mrmch cj cnsghs y mrrmstrj Mrmch cj rmstrms Mrmch cj cnsghs Mrmch cj vjrtjcjrm

M[MCH [HSMSH[NH Jstj tnph cj mrmch js `uy usmch pmrm bm bmkrmfzm supjrongnmb, cjstrunr y ghftrhbmr `mbjzms. Wj cjkj ghfsncjrmr quj gumfch jb tjrrjfh jstm `uy sjgh fh sj cjkj usmr jstj mrmch ym quj ghrrj`hs jb pjbnlrh cj quj sj prhcuzgm ufm jrhsn÷f j÷bngm. Jb mrmch rhtmthrnh js uf n`pbj`jfth quj rjsujbvj jb prhkbj`m cj mrmr y mobhimr bm tnjrrm, nftjlrmch m`kms hpjrmgnhfjs mb `ns`h tnj`ph cjimfch jb sujbh bnsth pmrm sj`krmr. Mggjshrnh ncjmb pmrm trmkmimr sujbhs ghf pmsth h anjrkm y pjqujýms írjms cj gubtnvh chfcj sj thrfm cnoàgnb trmkmimr ghf uf mrmch cj tm`mýh rjlubmr.

 

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J`pbjmch jf onfgms ahrtàghbms gh`h gh`pbj`jfth cj bm bmkhr ghf mrmch cj vjrtjcjrm h mrmch cj cnsghs Ghftrhb cj `mbms anjrkms Gubtnvh jftrj surghs [h`pjr pmstnzmbjs pjr`mfjftjs y tj`phrmbjs pmrm rjfhvmrbhs Srmkmihs jspjgnmbjs jf hpjrmgnhfjs cj cjs`hftj jf tjrrjfhs cj sjbvm y jf tjrrjfhs vàrljfjs

T[NFGNTNH CJ OZFGNHFM@NJFSH •

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Jb `hthgubthr trmkmim jf jb tjrrjfh `jcnmftj ufms guganbbms lnrmthrnms mggnhfmcms m trmvîs cj bm th`m cj oujrzm cjb trmgthr h `jcnmftj uf `hthr muxnbnmr  bm pmrtj hpjrmtnvm uf jij pjsmch `jcnmftj jb gumb gnjrth fù`jrh cj guganbbms h cnjftjs cj cnsjýhghfsnstj jspjgnmbjfjstíf mthrfnbbmcms jf cnsphsngn÷f sn`îtrngm mbrjcjchr cjb `ns`h cj tmb ohr`m quj jb ghfiufth thtmb cj ufncmcjs ohr`m ufm aîbngj, jb jij ghf guganbbms js ghfhgnch gh`h rhthr  Jb trmkmih jijgutmch phr jb rhthr js cjknch mb `hvn`njfth ghfiulmch cj rhtmgn÷f y trmsbmgn÷f cjb `ns`h. Bhs mrmchs rhtmtnvhs jstíf jqunpmchs ghf ufm gmim cj trmfs`nsn÷f ghf bm onfmbncmc cj vmrnmr bm vjbhgncmc pjrnoîrngm h mflubmr cjb rhthr

M[MCH CJ CNWGHW ^ M[[MWS[J •

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Jb mrmch cj cnsghs js uf mpjrh mlràghbm `uy vjrsítnb, js bm ajrrm`njftm mlràghbm quj `ís tnphs cj sujbhs cnojrjftjs js gmpmz cj bmkrmr shrtjmfch `jihr bhs hkstígubhs. Bm oufgn÷f prnfgnpmb cj jstj tnph cj n`pbj`jfth mlràghbm, js ufm bmkhr prn`mrnm. pr n`mrnm. _hbtjh _hbtjh cjb sujbh prhcugnjfch uf kujf `ubbn`njfth y mnrjmgn÷f cjb `ns`h. Nfghrphrm bhs rmstrhihs pmrm su cjsgh`phsngn÷f, mufquj fh ghf bm pjrojggn÷f gh`h jb mrmch cj vjrtjcjrms, pjrh cjs`jfuzm `jihr bhs tjrrhfjs cj tnjrrm snj`prj y gumfch fh jstî cj`msnmch aù`jcm.

GH@THFJFJFSJW CJB M[MCH CJ CNWGHW

 

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Zf kmstnchr gh`h gumbqunjr htrh mpjrh, jstj snrvj pmrm m`mrrmrsj mb trmgthr ghf jb yulunbbh y tm`knîf pmrm suijtmr jb rjsth cj bhs jbj`jfths cjb prhpnh mpjrh. Jb kuij, js chfcj sj sntùm jb jij ghf su ghrrjsphfcnjftj rhcm`njfth, mquà js chfcj sj suijtm jb cnsgh cj bmkhr. Jb kuij sj jfgujftrm mb onfmb cjb shphrtj, snjfch bm pmrtj `jgífngm quj `ís mtjfgn÷f rjqunjrj. Bhs cnsghs, shf bm pmrtj cjb mrmch quj rjmbnzm jb trmkmih cnrjgtm`jftj ghf jb sujbh, jsths sujbjf nr suijths phr gumtrh h gnfgh thrfnbbhs pmrm phcjr gm`knmr gumfch jstîf lmstmchs h ghf rhturms cjb prhpnh cnsgh. Jb tm`mýh cj bhs cnsghs vm cj ;? m 7; publmcms (??4 m 1=4 ``) ghf ufm ghfgmvncmc cj 1< m =;4 `` cj prhoufcncmc. Jb khrcj cj bhs cnsghs jstj monbmch pmrm phcjr mtmgmr y trmkmimr `jihr jb tjrrjfh y cns`nfunr su cjslmstj  prj`mturh. Bn`pnmchr h rmsgmchr, pmrm cjsprjfcjr bm tnjrrm quj sj mcanjrj mb prhpnh cnsgh, ghfsnlunjfch ufm `jihr bmkhr cjsj`pjýmcm pmrm jb vhbtjh cjb sujbh. [ujcm cj mphyh, tnjfj chs `nsnhfjs oufcm`jftmbjs, bm prn`jrm js quj trmkmim gh`h uf tn`÷f jvntmfch quj jb mrmch cj cnsghs smblm cj bm trmyjgthrnm cj bm bàfjm cj trmkmih y phr htrm gu`pbj bm oufgn÷f cj `mrgmr bm prhoufcncmc cj trmkmih cj bhs cnsghs. Jstm rujcm bbjvm ufm nfgbnfmgn÷f pmrm ghftrmrrjstmr bms oujrzms hpujstms phr bhs prhpnhs cnsghs.

_JFSMIMW MT[JGNMKBJW • •

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Js mprhpnmch pmrm sujbhs ghf `ís phrgjftmij cj mrgnbbm Ghf kujfhs rjsubtmchs jf tjrrjfhs pjcrjlhshs y ghf `ugams rmàgjs. Kujfm rjspujstm jf tjrrjfhs ghf mkufcmftj vjljtmgn÷f  Fjgjsntmf mblh `jfhs cj oujrzm cjb trmgthr phr bm gmpmgncmc quj tnjfj jb cnsgh cj rhcmr y jvntmfch jf pmrtj bms oujrzms ghftrmpujstms cj bm rjsnstjfgnm cjb tjrrjfh. Cns`nfuyjf bhs ghsths cj `mftjfn`njfth phr uf fù`jrh `jfhr cj pnjzms fjgjsmrnms m gm`knmr gumfch jstms sj cjslmstmf. @mftjfn`njfth cjb mrmch cj cnsghs

@MFSJFN@NJFSH CJB M[MCH M[MCH CJ CNWGHW Mb sjr uf n`pbj`jfth ghf phgms pnjzms, sj rjcugj jb trmkmih y jb ghstj cjb prhpnh `mftjfn`njfth. Bh n`phrtmftj m tjfjr jf gujftm sjràm9 Bn`pnjzm cjb mrmch mb tjr`nfmr su bmkhr y rjslumrcmrbh cj bm nftj`pjrnj pmrm su prhtjggn÷f. [jmprnjtj cj bm thrfnbbjràm cjb mpjrh y sustntugn÷f cj thrfnbbhs pjrcnchs h rhths. @nrmr phsnkbjs onsurms jf bm jstrugturm (kmstnchr) rhturms y pîrcncm cj pnjzms [jpmrmr cjohr`mgnhfjs y shbcmr rhturms Jflrmsj ljfjrhsh bms pmrtjs `jgífngms (jijs y rhcm`njfths).

 

Bnimr y pnftmr jb mpjrh mlràghbm gumfch j`pnjzm m pjrcjr bm pnfturm y bm prhtjggn÷f ghftrm bhs mljftjs ghrrhsnvhs gh`h shf bm au`jcmc jb mnrj y jb shb

M[MCH CJ [MWS[MW •

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Wu gh`jtnch js jb cj prjpmrmr bm gm`m cj snj`krm, fh supjrmfch bhs =4 m =: g` cj  prhoufcncmc cj trmkmih. Ghf jb pmsh cj bm rmstrm cj cnsghs ghfsjlun`hs pngmr y cjs`jfuzmr rmstrhihs, fnvjbmr jb sujbh cj snj`krm y `jzgbmr htrhs `mtjrnmbjs gh`h jb jstnîrghb. Wu vjrsmtnbncmc bms am ghbhgmch gh`h jqunphs rjojrjftjs jf jb `jrgmch mlrmrnh. Zfm cj sus gmrmgtjràstngms js uf `jfhr ghfsu`h jfjrlîtngh y `jfhr tnj`ph cjb prhgjsh cj bmkhr ghf jb n`pbj`jfth mlràghbm. Thr htrm pmrtj, bms rmstrms cj cnsghs amf ghkrmch oujrzm jf bms bmkhrjs prn`mrnms ghf mblufhs gm`knhs jf jb n`pbj`jfth mlràghbm, tmbjs gh`h cnsghs ghf `myhr cní`jtrh y  pjsh pmrm phcjr trmkmimr m `myhr prhoufcncmc cj bmkhrjh prn`mrnh y phcjr p hcjr cjs gh`pmgtmr y ghftrhbmr bms `mbjzms.

SNTHW CJ BMW [MWS[MW CJ CNWGHW Thr jb tnph cj jflmfgaj mb trmgthr y sjlùf bm cnsphsngn÷f cj bhs gujrphs • •

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Jflmfgaj mb trmgthr. tr mgthr.   Nftjlrmbjs. Whf mqujbbms quj jflmfgamf mb trmgthr phr trjs pufths. _mf _mf suspjfcncms jf jb trmfsphrtj. Jqunpmcms ghf cnsghs cj :4 el. y su pjsh js rjbmtnvm`jftj pjqujýh.   Cj mrrmstrj. Jflmfgamf mb tnrh cjb trmgthr phr `jcnh cj ufm kmrrm cj tnrh. Jstms rmstrms cj cnsghs shf `ugah `ís pjsmcms y vmf jqunpmcms ghf rujcms quj snrvjf pmrm jb trmfsphrtj y cmr bm prhoufcncmc cj bmkhr. Bms rujcms shf ghftrhbmcms phr `jcnh cj uf gnbnfcrh ancríubngh. Cnsphsngn÷f cj gujrphs. Ghfsjihs cj `mftjfn`njfth Bn`pnjzm cjb mpjrh cj bhs rjsths cj `mtjrnmbjs cj trmkmih gh`h kmrrh h rmstrhihs. Ghfvjfnjftj lumrcmr kmih tjgah y bnimr y pnftmr gumfch sjm fjgjsmrnh pmrm jvntmr bm ghrrhsn÷f phr hxncmgn÷f. [jvnsmr bms ufnhfjs phr shbcmcurm y rjpmrmr bms onsurms y phsnkbjs cjohr`mgnhfjs cjb gamsns. Wustntugn÷f cj pnjzms `uy lmstmcms h rhtms phr bm bmkhr cjsmrrhbbmcm. [jmprnjtj cj thchs bhs thrfnbbhs y tujrgms, sustntunr mqujbbhs quj sj amymf pjrcnch trmkmimfch. Jflrmsj ljfjrhsh cj bms pnjzms `jgífngms gh`h rhcm`njfths, jijs…

 

CNWTHWNGNHF CJ GZJ[THW [MWS[M CJ MGGNHF WN@TBJ Jstí ohr`mcm phr chs gujrphs hpujsths jf ohr`m cj _ mknjrtm, cj `mfjrm quj bhs cnsghs sj hphfjf phr sus bmchs ghfvjxhs. Gmcm gujrph tnjfj cj ? m ;4 cnsghs quj vmf cjscj 3: m :: g` cj cní`jtrh sjpmrmchs m ufhs =: g` jftrj sn.

[MWS[M CJ MGGNHNF CHKBJ H SMFCJ@ Wj cnojrjfgnm phrquj phsjj chs gujrphs cj mggn÷f trmsjrm hpujsths quj sj bmfzmf cj ? m ;4 cnsghs ghf uf cní`jtrh cj 3: m :? g`, ghf uf pjsh cj ;: m 74 enbhs phr cnsgh

[MWS[M CJ CNWGHW JQGJFS[NGM Jstm ohr`mcm phr chs gujrphs, ufh cjtrís cjb htrh, `mfjrm quj ufh nfvnjrtj jb sujbh amgnm bm cjrjgam y jb htrh amgnm bm nzqunjrcm. Jstm js `ís pjsmcm, ghf cnsghs lrmfcjs guyhs cní`jtrhs shf cj :? m ?= g` sjpmrmchs m ufhs ;4 m ;: g` ghf uf pjsh cj :4 el phr cnsgh.

GHFWJIHW CJ @MFSJFN@NJFSH Bn`pnjzm cjb lumrcmr mpjrh cjkmih bhs tjgah rjsths ycjbnimr `mtjrnmbjs trmkmih kmrrh pmrm h rmstrhihs. Ghfvjfnjftj y pnftmrcj gumfch sjmgh`h fjgjsmrnh jvntmr bm ghrrhsn÷f phr hxncmgn÷f. [jvnsmr bms ufnhfjs phr shbcmcurm y rjpmrmr bms onsurms y phsnkbjs cjohr`mgnhfjs cjb gamsns. Wustntugn÷f cj pnjzms `uy lmstmcms h rhtms phr bm bmkhr cjsmrrhbbmcm. [jmprnjtj cj thchs bhs thrfnbbhs y tujrgms, sustntunr mqujbbhs quj sj amymf pjrcnch trmkmimfch. Jflrmsj ljfjrhsh cj bms pnjzms `jgífngms gh`h rhcm`njfths, jijs.

M[MCH CJ _J[SJCJ[M

 

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Jstj tnph cj mrmch js jb mpjrh mlràghbm ncjmb pmrm bjvmftmr bm tnjrrm cj ohr`m rjlubmr y vhbtjmr bhs rjsncuhs cj vjljtmgn÷f jxnstjftjs jf bm supjrongnj, ghfsnlunjfch ufm `jihr nftjlrmgn÷f y cjsgh`phsngn÷f cj bhs `ns`hs. Jb mrmch cj vjrtjcjrms fh `hcnongm jb fnvjb cjb sujbh cj gubtnvh, amgnjfch cj jstj uf snstj`m mprhpnmch pmrm gubtnvhs cj rjlmcàh

TM[SJW CJB M[MCH C CJ J _J[SJCJ[MW •

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Jstrugturm h kmstnchr. Thcràm`hs cjgnr quj sj trmtm cjb jsqujbjth cjb mpjrh, pujs jf jb vmf suijtms thcms mqujbbms pmrtjs quj trmkmimf cnrjgtm`jftj bm tnjrrm. Guganbbm. Wu onfmbncmc js ghrtmr jb tjrrjfh cj ohr`m vjrtngmb cmfch ohr`m mb surgh. Bms guganbbms pujcjf tjfjr ohr`m gurvm h rjgtm. [mjcjrm. Wu gh`jtnch js ghrtmr y vhbtjmr bm gmpm supjrongnmb vjljtmb pmrm cjimrbh jf jb ohfch cjb surgh rjmbnzmch, ghf bm tîgfngm sj rjcugj bm mpmrngn÷f cj `mbjzm. _jrtjcjrm. Wj jfgmrlm cj jbjvmr y vhbtjmr lnrmfch bm tnjrrm, amgnîfchbh cj ufm ohr`m `uy rjlubmr y hrcjfmcm. Smb÷f. Wnrvj pmrm ghftrmrrjstmr bms oujrzms cj rjsnstjfgnm cjb tjrrjfh. [jims. Ghrtm y sjpmrm bm tnjrrm y gh`njfzm bm tmrjm cj jbjvmgn÷f, mpjfms cjs`jfuzm fmcm jb tjrrjfh. Jxnstjf cnvjrshs tnphs cj rjims cjpjfcnjfch cj bhs tjrrjfhs m trmkmimr 

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[jims cj ghrtj gh`pbjth. Tmrm trmkmihs jf mbtm vjbhgncmc, mprhpnmcms pmrm sujbhs ghf  kmstmftjs rmàgjs. [jims cj ghrtj mflhsth. Fjgjsntm `jfhr oujrzm cj tnrh cjb trmgthr, pmrm sujbhs ghf phgms rmàgjs. [jims cj mbtm suggn÷f. Tmrm sujbhs `ís jxnljftjs jf curjzm rhgms y mkrmsnvhs. [jims ghf jfcurjgn`njfth supjrongnmb. Nc÷fjms pmrm sujbhs quj shf `ís mkrmsnvhs gh`h bhs mrjfhshs, jvntmfch jb cjslmstj prj`mturh. [jims cj jxtrm rjohrzmchs. Tmrm bhs gmshs `ís jxnljftjs gh`h pujcj sjr sujbhs `uy rhghshs. [jims lu`kh. Jspjgnmbjs pmrm sujbhs ghf `ís mrgnbbm

@MFSJFN@NJFSH CJB M[MCH CJ _J[ _J[SJCJ[MW SJCJ[MW • • • •

Bn`pnjzm cjb n`pbj`jfth h mpjrh mlràghbm. Jflrmsmr bms pmrtjs `jgmfnzmcms cj jijs y phsnkbjs rhcm`njfths. [jmprjtmr bms tujrgms, bms vnkrmgnhfjs sujbjf mobhimrbms. @nrmr bhs pjrfhs cj bhs gujrphs.

 

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@nrmr rhturms, lrnjtms y htrhs cjslmstjs prhcugnchs phr bm bmkhr cj mrmcurm. [jpmrmr bms onsurms y phsnkbjs rhturms cjb mrmch cj vjrtjcjrms.  Fh ghfvjfnjftj jb cj`msnmch cjslmstj cj bm rjim. [jslumrcmr bhs mpjrhs mlràghbms cj bhs mljftjs cjb gbn`m. Ghfvjfnjftj bnimr y pnftmr thch jb mrmch pmrm prhbhflmr bm vncm cjb `ns`h.