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September 6, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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D\IK \K 0>0> ^cfe dl kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmie dmstrm`ukmie

Dikletl7 Ofrklci [fezfef

FEFCM[M[ ^FPF I^TFP ^IP \E KFEFC DL DM[TPM@\KMIE.

Metlhrfetls7 Qmkletl Huzoæe   Gls÷s Olcíedlz   [foulc Fehuci   Ofeulc Afrmfs

Metridukkmie

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D\IK \K 0>0> ^cfe dl kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmie dmstrm`ukmie

Dikletl7 Ofrklci [fezfef

Cf dmstr dmstrm`u m`ukm kmûe ûe ls uef uef dl cfs cfs afsls afsls dl cf kfdle kfdlef f dl suome suomemst mstri ri,, su leaiq leaiqul ul cihïstmk cihï stmki i lstæ dmrmhmdi dmrmhmdi f dltlrome dltlromefr fr lc olgi olgirr smstlof smstlof pfrf pfrf kicikfr kicikfr lc pri pridukt dukti i diedl lc kcmletl ci elklsmtf. Lstf afsl tfo`míe rlqumlrl dl ue fcti hrfdi dl lamkmlekmf, yf qul lxmhl uef slrml dl hfstis iplrftmvis cis kufcls dl`le slr ci oæs oæ s

oïem oïemoi ois s

pism pism` `cls. cls. Cf

dmstr mstrm` m`uk ukmû mûe, e,

tfo` tfo`mí míe e

dl`l dl`l fgus fgustf tfrs rsl l

f

cfs cfs

kfrfktlrïstmkfs dlc pridukti y dlc olrkfdi. ^frf cihrfr qul cis priduktis cclhule f su dlstmei, kcmletl i kiesuomdir amefc, ls elklsfrmi fpcmkfr uef lstrftlhmf qul `lelamkml lc trfespirtl y lc ofelgi dl cis priduktis. \ei dl cis lcloletis oæs mopirtfetls le lstf ltfpf sie cis kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmûe, lstrukturf qul sl krlf pfrf kiolrkmfcmzfr cis priduktis y cclvfrcis fc kiesuomdir amefc. Ls pir lcci, qul le cf uemdfd sl prlsletfe cis kfefcls, oidlcis, rlkursis y kistis dl dmstrm`ukmûe pfrf kieiklr tidi lc priklsi dl cf cihïstmkf dl dmstrm`ukmûe. ^rlsletfkmûe dlc Kfsi

\ef loprlsf priduktirf dl fcmoletis, cfezfræ ue eulvi Fklmtl dl Ofrfvmccf y dl`l dmslöfr (lclhmr) dis kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmûe pfrf kiolrkmfcmzfrci. Lc airofti dlc eulvi fklmtl ls dl cmtri y oldmi cmtri y, sus kiopltmdirls ofs dmrlktis sie @lcoiet y Omrfacirls. ^frf slclkkmiefr cis dis kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmûe qul kiolrkmfcmzfræe lc fklmtl, lvfcufcufrlois 4 kfefcls lxmstletls le lc olrkfdi dl cf Plhmûe Oltripicmtfef. Lc slktir dl cis fklmtls y hrfsfs ls mopirtfetl dletri dlc kiegueti dl cf medustrmf Kbmclef dl fcmoletis, dl`mdi f cis vïekucis priduktmvis, qul cis priduktis dl lstl slktir tmlele tfeti le cf pripmf medustrmf dl fcmoletis kioi kie itrfs fktmvmdfdls priduktmvfs. Fdmkmiefcoletl, ls dl vmtfc mopirtfekmf dletri dlc kiesuoi dl cis bihfrls, kiestmtuyíedisl lstl kioi ue pridukti dl fcti emvlc dl dlofedf y fctf ritfkmûe.

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D\IK \K 0>0> ^cfe dl kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmie dmstrm`ukmie

 

Dikletl7 Ofrklci [fezfef

Kfefc7Dmrlkt Qfrmf`cl i ftrm`uti s dlc kfefc   kfefc

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Le vmrtud dl cf tf`cf sl kiekcuyl qul cis dis kfefcls olgirls lvfcufdis slrfe cis qul utmcmzfrlois pfrf lc cfezfomleti dlc pridukti.

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D\IK \K 0>0> ^cfe dl kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmie dmstrm`ukmie

Dikletl7 Ofrklci [fezfef

Dl fkulrdi f cf vfrmldfd dl ofrkfs dl fklmtls lxbm`mdis le cfs hûedicfs dl cis [uplrolrkfdis y Fcofklels, smloprl bfy fchuefs oæs prlalrmdfs kie rlsplkti f cfs dloæs. Kioi ci sie eulstris kiopltmdirls ofrfvmccf i `lcoiet , ls pir lcci qul prltledlois pismkmiefr sus priduktis dl tfc airof qul sl u`mqule le cuhfrls prmvmclhmfdis diedl sl plrkm`f lc pridukti. Cf loprlsf dmstrm`umdirf dldmkfdf f cf af`rmkfkmûe dl fklmtls kiolstm`cls dl cf kfefstf afomcmfr, tmlele kioi rlti rlsfctfr  cf kfcmd kfcmdfd fd dl cis cis pridu pridukti ktis, s, krlfe krlfedi di fcmfe fcmfezf zfs s lstrft lstrftíh íhmkf mkfs s kie kie cis cis Hrfe Hrfedls dls  Fcofklels  Fcofkle ls dl Kfdlef y [uplrolrkfdis. [uplrolrkfdis. Cf cf`ir kioi privlldirls privlldirls ls suomemstrfr priduktis dl kfcmdfd f ue prlkmi gusti f trfvís dl cis kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmûe, kie fctis lstæedfrls dl kfcmdfd le tidis sus priklsis, dl ofelrf qul sftmsafhfe fsï cis rlqulrmomletis dl cis kiesuomdirls amefcls. Kufedi lc pridukti sl lekuletrf le cis Fcofklels dl Kfdlef i [uplrolrkfdis, f trfvís dl Mopucsfdirfs sl rlfcmzf uef cf`ir dl prl vletf f trfvís dl fslsirïfs slh÷e lc pridukti, oistrfedi y rlsfctfedi smloprl cis `lelamkmis, le lstl kfsi fklmtls vlhltfcls. Tfo`míe cf u`mkfkmûe dl priduktis le cfs hûedicfs, diedl lc kcmletl tmlel cf ipkmûe dl lclhmr slh÷e sus elklsmdfdls arletl f cfs dmalrletls ofrkfs lxbm`mdfs y fsï omsoi vlr cfs dmalrlekmfs arletl f cf kiopltlekmf. \ef ípikf dl ofyir pridukkmûe dl fklmtl vlhltfc ls le cis olsls dl eivmlo`rl y dmkmlo`rl, pir kufeti bfy ue kiesmdlrf`cl mekrloleti le lc kiesuoi, kiesmdlrfedi qul ls uef ípikf lsplkmfc pfrf mekcumr le cfs kiomdfs cis armtis kioi cis `uöulcis, bigfcdrfs, lopfefdfs y itris qul rlqumlrle su usi. [l dldukl mhufcoletl, qul ls lc fklmtl ue pridukti qul ei puldl afctfr le lc olrkfdi dl kfefstf afomcmfr. Le rfzie dlc fefcmsms dlc kfsi usfrlois lc kfefc cfrhi y di`cl pfrf qul cis kiesuomdirls puldfe fprlkmfr y pri`fr dl cf kfcmdfd dlc pridukti. Dlstfkfedi qul lstl ls uei dl cis prmekmpfcls suplrolrkfdis prlalrmdis pir cis kbmcleis pfrf rlfcmzfr sus olrkfdis dl kioprf. ^ir lcci, sl dl`l fprivlkbfr lc pismkmiefomleti dl lsti lstis s pfrf pfrf rlfc rlfcmz mzfr fr lc cfez cfezfo foml mlet eti i y culh culhi i pidl pidlrr lxpf lxpfed edmr mr lc prid priduk ukti ti dlpledmledi dl su lalktmvmdfd.

4

 

D\IK \K 0>0> ^cfe dl kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmie dmstrm`ukmie

Dikletl7 Ofrklci [fezfef

Gustmamkfkmiels Kfefc 6

Gustmamkfkmiels Kfefc 0

Kfefc Cfrhi

Kfefc di`cl

Hrfe ofsmamkfkmie f oleir 



Lxplrmlekmf dlc fhletl le cf



medustrmf

kisti 





Olgir kietric cihmstmki

Ofsmamkfkmie dlc pridukti le



lc pfms

Iptmomzfkmie dl tmlopi

Cf lsplkmfcmzfkmie pfrf



Afkmc fkklsi f cf kioprf

cclhfr fc kiesuomdir  

Olgir lskfcf iplrfkmiefc Hrfe lqumpi kiolrkmfc y



kfpfkmdfd amefekmlrf. 



@ulef mearflstrukturf cihmstmkf. Olkfemsois dl kioprf pism`cls

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D\IK \K 0>0> ^cfe dl kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmie dmstrm`ukmie

Dikletl7 Ofrklci [fezfef

@fsfdi le cf lclkkmûe dl cis dis kfefcls, pripiehf cf lstrftlhmf dl ki`lrturf pfrf lc eulvi fklmtl dl ofrfvmccf y fefcmkl cf kiblrlekmf kie cf lstrftlhmf dl cis kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmûe lclhmdi. Cf lstrft lstrftlh lhmf mf qul qul `fsf `fsfrlo rlois is le euls eulstrf trf ki`l ki`lrtu rturf rf slrf slrf dl uef uef dmstr dmstrm`u m`ukmi kmie e metlesmvf, eulstri i`gltmvi ls cclhfr fc ofyir euolri dl puetis dl vletfs, le vmrtud dl qul lc pridukti vmrtud pridukti qul sl kiolrkmf kiolrkmfcmzf cmzfrf rf ls kitmdmfei y dl ue kiesuomdir i`gltmvi ouy fopcmi.

ouy dlofedf dlofedfdi di ,dl usi

Dl lcci sl i`tmle mlel cfs vle vletfgfs gfs dl fuol fuolet eti i dl dl cf tfsf fsf dl vle vletfs, fs, fprivfkbfomleti dl cf kioprf kiopucsmvf y olgirf dl cf mofhle dl cf ofrkf pirqul fc lstfr ofs lxpulstf le ofs puetis dl vletfs eulstrf ofrkf slrf ofs rlkieikmdf. [i`rl cf `fsl dl cis kfefcls lclhmdis, dlskrm`f cfs auekmiels dl kfdf fhletl qul pfrtmkmpf le cf dmstrm`ukmûe dlc fklmtl dl ofrfvmccf. Lc metlroldmfrmi tledræ cf auekmûe dl hrfkmfs f su lxplrmlekmf lxplrmlekmf l mesarflstrukturf mesarflstrukturf dl ki kies eslh lhum umrr cf ofyi ofyirr kfet kfetmd mdfd fd pism pism`c `cl l dl kcml kcmlet etls ls,, slfe slfe lsti lstis s om omei eirm rmst stfs fs i ofyirmstfs. Lc ofyirmstf fyudfræ kie su rld dl kietfkti le kicikfr lc pridukti le dmvlrsis dltfccmstfs dltfccmst fs i le su kfsi kufcqumlr kiesuomdir kiesuomdir amefc qul dlsll f`fstlklrsl dl uef hrfe kfetmdfd dlc pridukti. Lc dltfccmstf sl lekfrhfræ f su vlz dl letrlhfr lc pridukti fc kiesuomdir amefc, hrfkmfs f ue pueti dl vletf dmslöfdi pfrf ftrflr f cf ofyir kfetmdfd dl kcmletls pitlekmfcls qul pidræe fdqumrmr lc fklmtl le cf prlsletfkmûe qul lccis kiesmdlrle cls kievlehf oæs. Lc prmolr fhletl slrïf lc af`rmkfetl, ls dlkmr eisitris, qul hrfkmfs f eulstrf af`rmkf pridukmrlois cf kfetmdfd dl fklmtl le cfs prlsletfkmiels yf dmslöfdfs elklsfrmf pfrf f`fstlklr cf elklsmdfd elklsfrmf.

1

 

D\IK \K 0>0> ^cfe dl kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmie dmstrm`ukmie

Dikletl7 Ofrklci [fezfef

^frf kfdf kfefc lclhmdi slöfcl < afktirls qul dltlromefe cf sftmsafkkmûe dl cis kiesuomdirls le lc kfefc. Culhi fpcmqul uef lekulstf pfrf dltlromefr lc emvlc dl sftmsafk sftm safkkmûe kmûe dl cis kiesuom kiesuomdirl dirls s le cis kfefcls kfefcls slclkkmi slclkkmiefd efdis. is. Dlskrm` Dlskrm`mr mr cis rlsuctfdis dl cf sftmsafkkmûe dl cis kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmûe. Afktirls

qul

dltlromefe

Plsuctfdis dl cf lekulstf

sftmsafkkmûe dl

([ftmsafkkmûe dl Kiesuomdirls)

cis kiesuomdirls

8

 

D\IK \K 0>0> ^cfe dl kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmie dmstrm`ukmie

Dikletl7 Ofrklci [fezfef

TMLO^I C\HFP  ^I[L[MIE  AIPOF ^PIOIKMIE 

2

 

D\IK \K 0>0> ^cfe dl kfefcls dl dmstrm`ukmie dmstrm`ukmie

Dikletl7 Ofrklci [fezfef

Kiekcusmie Lc kfef kfefcc dl dmst dmstrm rm`u `uk kmûe mûe fdlk fdlkuf ufdi di pfrf pfrf dmst dmstrm rm`u `umr mr lstl lstl prid priduk ukti ti sie sie cis cis suplrolrkfdis, yf qul lc cuhfr prlalrmdi dl kioprf dl kiolstm`cls dlc slholeti i`gltmvi y f su vlz ls kirri`irfdi pir cfs lekulstfs rlfcmzfdfs f kcmletls amefcls dlc slholeti i`gltmvi. ^ir ci tfeti, cis lsaulrzis dl ofrjltmeh lstæe kletrfdis le lstl kfefc y le vmrtud dl lcci7 ^rmolrf.- [l bf pidmdi dltlromefr qul lc oidlci dl kiolrkmfcmzfkmûe ls afktm`cl lstrftí lstr ftíhmkf hmkfolet oletl, l, dltlrom dltlromeæe eæedisl disl kioi rletf`c rletf`cl l lc kiolrkmf kiolrkmfcmzf cmzfrr fklmtl fklmtl dl ofrfvmccf dletri dlc olrkfdi Kbmclei. [lhuedf.- [l bf pidmdi dltlromefr cf fklptfkmûe dlc fklmtl dl Ofrfvmccf dletri dl cis slholetis f cis kufcls sl dmrmhl lc oidlci dl kiolrkmfcmzfkmûe. Tlrklri.- [l bf dltlromefdi cis kfefcls fdlkufdis pfrf cf dmstrm`ukmûe dl cis pr prid iduk ukti tis, s, qul qul sie7 sie7 kf kfef efcc (bmp (bmplr lrol olrk rkfd fdi) i) y lc dl kies kiesuo uomd mdir irls ls amef amefcl cls s (suplrolrkfdi).

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