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JBLKQMD B³? : NPJIBNUTQN ED MDEJ@JBN FDINF Z SNUKFKIÍN LKQDBPD QD@KOK ED JBEJ@JKP Z D\JEDB@JNP DB DF FD\NBUNMJDBUK ED @NEÎ\DQ DB MTDQUDP \JKFDBUNP

JBUDIQNBUDP? ○

@GTBIN FJBNQDP, @GQJPU MDQ@DEDP

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@KBUQDQNP @NANFFDQK, PGDZFN LJKQDFFN

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@KBUQDQNP PNFN\NFED_, ODPPJ@N OKGNBBN

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@KQEK\N DPUQNEN, OTNBN _JFDBD

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@KQEK\N SNBUKON, ONJMD SNKFK FTJP

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EJN_ MKP^TDQN, OTFJK DLQNJB

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EJN_ QNMKP, IKB_NFK NFKBPK

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D@GD\DQQÍN NFMDZEN, NBEQDN ITNENFTSD

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DPSJBK_N NBENMNZK, @QJPUGJNB NFDWJP

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_DBUDBK IKQN, ON@HDFJBD @ZBUGJN

EK@DBUD DB@NQINEK? ○

EQ. GTNQGTN @NBNP, DEINQEK DFJNP

 

ÍBEJ@D

>.- @unerk `kmpnrntjvk qud mudstrd 4 `kb`dptks ejldrdbtds ed jbej`jks y dvjedb`jns. 0 1.- Jbejqud quê ktrks jbej`jks y dvjedb`jns kriîbj`ks pkerínb db`kbtrnrsd db fn ejfjidb`jn edf fdvnbtnmjdbtk ed `neîvdr.

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0.- Jbejqud quê ktrks jbej`jks y dvjedb`jns jbkriîbj`ks pkerínb db`kbtrnrsd db fn ejfjidb`jn edf fdvnbtnmjdbtk ed `neîvdr.

4

5.- Dxpfjqud `kb dodmpfks prî`tj`ks db quê `kbsjstd fn `nedbn ed `ustkejn.

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4.- @kb`fusjkbds y rd`kmdben`jkbds.

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Ajafjkirnlín

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>.- @unerk `kmpnrntjvk qud mudstrd 4 `kb`dptks ejldrdbtds ed jbej`jks y dvjedb`jns. JBEJ@JKP

D\JEDB@JNP

Pjibk npnrdbtd y prkanafd ed qud dxjstd

@unbek sd `kmprudan `jdbtílj`nmdbtd qud

nfiubn `ksn, sjbðbjmk mudstrn k qud dstî sd íbtjmnmdbtd rdfn`jkbnek df gd`gk jbej`n`jð jbej`n`jðb. b. Skr fk tnbtk,ed dssdþnf, tkek mntdrjnf jbvdstjin, sd `kbvjdrtd `kb yn db sdbsjafd sjibjlj`ntjvk sjibjlj`ntjvk qud sd pdr`jad `kb dvjedb`jn.. (mplb) dvjedb`jn fks sdbtjeks y qud tjdbd rdfn`jðb `kb ub gd`gk edfj`tuksk (mplb) Ukek nqudf dfdmdbtk pdr`dptjafd qud rdsuftn k sd vd jmpfj`nek ed fn ds`dbn ed ub `rjmdb y qud pdrmjtd jmnijbnr fn dxjstdb`jn ed ubn `jr`ubstnb`j `jr`ubstnb`jn n edtdrmjbnen vjb`ufnen nf su`dsk k `rjmdb jbvdstjinek. jbvdstjine k. (sjoulkr)

Ukek nqudf dfdmdbtk qud pdrmjtd dstnafd`dr, ed mnbdrn `fnrn, fn rdfn`jðb dbtrd eks dfdmdbtks db`kbtrneks db fn ds`dbn edf `rjmdb. Fns dvjedb`jns sudfdb katdbdrsd n trnvês ed fn rdnfjzn`jð rdnfjzn`jðb b ed nbîfjsjs ed fn zkbn edf `rjmdb y ed fks bumdrksks jbej`jks db`kbtrneks, katdbjêbeksd katdbjêbe ksd n trnvês ed dffks rdsuftneks kaodtjvks.(sjoulkr)

 N`tks, gd`gks, `jr`ubstnb`jns `jr`ubstnb`jns y dld`tks dld`tks n pnrtjr ed fks `unfds sd puded jbldrjr fn dxjstdb`jn ed ktrks gd`gks, n trnvês edf rnzkbnmjdbtk y fn fðij`n. Ukek gd`gk `jdrtk y prkanek `kb vjrtunfjene pnrn n`rdejtnr ktrk gd`gk `kb df qud dstî rdfn`jkbnek. rdfn`jkbn ek. (Iuzmîb, @nrfks 13>>)

Mdejks qud pdrmjtdb fn n`dptn`jðb k rd`gnzk ed ub gd`gk. Srkvjdbdb ed tdstjmkbjks, kaodtks, ek`umdbtks, nbtd`dedbtds,, dt`.. Edadb `umpfjr, nedmîs, nbtd`dedbtds fns rdifns ed pdrtjbdb`jn pdrtjbdb`jn,, ed vnfjedz vnfjedz,, y ed `kmpdtdb`jn,, edbtrk ed pnrîmdtrks lísj`ks, `kmpdtdb`jn psíquj`ks, fdinfds, `jdbtílj`ks, dt`. (Iuzmîb, @nrfks 13>>)

Ukek kaodtk, gudffn k dfdmdbtk íbtjmnmdbtd rdfn`jkbnek rdfn`jkbnek `kb ub prkanafd gd`gk edfj`tjvk, `uyk dstuejk pdrmjtd rd`kbstrujrfk, jedbtjlj`nr n su nutkr k

 Nqudffks jbej`jks jbej`jks qud ludrkb ludrkb fdvnbtneks db db df fuinr ed fks gd`gks y qud df fnakrntkrjk gn `kmprkanek qud sj tjdbdb rdfn`jðb `kb fks gd`gks qud sd jbvdstjinb. (Ppjbdffj, (Ppjbdffj, Dstrdffn

nutkrds dstnafd`dr su `kmjsjðb (Ppjbdffj, (Ppjbdffj, Dstrdffn y13>5)

13>5)

Subtk ed pnrtjen db fn jbvdstjin`j jbvdstjin`jðb ðb `rjmjbnfístj`n. `rjmjbnfístj `n. Ds tken sdþnf db`kbtrnen. Bk ds ubn `kbodturn. Pd rdljdrd n gd`gks rdnfds. Ds tkek nqudffk qud ‖jbej`n nfik”. Pd trntn ed ubn pnrtd dsdb`jnf db fn jbvdstjin`jðb ed `unfqujdr `nsk (Fdðb, Ejnbn 13>5)

Qdsuftnek edf prk`dsnmjdbtk ned`unek, mdejnbtd fn `nedbn ed `ustkejn, edf jbej`jk. Pd puded nljrmnr qud fn dvjedb`jn jiunfmdbtd jiunfmdb td ds nfik qud sd puded vdr, tk`nr, pnfpnr, sdbtjr, ds ed`jr, ed tjpk tnbijafd, ed krjidb lísj`k k mntdrjnf (Fdðb, Ejnbn 13>5)

1.- Jbejqud quê ktrks jbej`jks y dvjedb`jns kriîbj`ks pkerínb db`kbtrnrsd db fn ejfjidb`jn edf fdvnbtnmjdbtk ed `neîvdr. Mnb`gns ed snbird u ktrks fíqujeks kriîbj`ks?

 

Pd edad sdþnfnr su prdsdb`jn, `nrn`tdrístj`ns, `kfnakrnr db fn rd`kfd``jðb y ejrjijr df dbvík ed edff mntd mntdrj rjnf nf gn`j gn`jn n df `dbt `dbtrk rk k fn fnak akrn rntk tkrj rjk k ned` ned`un unek ek pn pnrn rn su dstu dstuej ejk k dspd dspd`í `íljlj`k `k `krrdspkbejdbtd. Ds bd`dsnrjk nprdbedr n rd`kbk`dr fns mnb`gns ed snbird yn qud tjdbdb nspd`tks muy ejldrdbtds sdiÿb sdnb rd`jdbtds k nbtjiuns y sdiÿb df skpkrtd ekbed sd db`udbtrdb. Fns mnb`gns ed snbird lrds`ns tjdbdb ub `kfkr rkok vjvk y nf `ndr skard ubn supdrlj`jd naskradbtd sd ejlubedb lî`jfmdbtd, vnb pdrejdbek dstd `kfkr `kb df trnbs`ursk edf tjdmpk tk tkmn mnbe bek k ub ubn n `k `kfk fkrn rn`j `jðb ðb pn pnre ren n k pn pnre rek k bd bdir iruz uz`n `n edaj edajek ek n fn trn trnbs bslk lkrm rmn` n`jð jðb b ed fn gdmkifkajbn db gdmntjbn pkr fn n``jðb edf kxíidbk edf njrd. Sdrk sj `ndb skard ubn supdrlj`jd bk naskradbtd sd sd`nb lkrmnbek ubn pdfí`ufn k ds`nmns arjffnbtds. Db idbdrnf, nf gnffnr nfiubn dvjedb`jn ed snbird bk sd tk`nrî ekbed sd db`udbtrd fn mnb`gn, sd tkmnrî pkr fns nrjstns puds dstd tjpk ed mudstrns mdrd`d ub mnbdok dspd`jnf. Db `unbtk sdn pksjafd edad dbvjnrsd df kaodtk ekbed sd gnffn fn mnb`gn. MKQLKFKIÍN? n) Iktdk? pdrmjtjrî edtdrmjbnr fn nfturn ed fn qud gn `níek. a) Pnf Pnfpj`n pj`neurn eurn?? bks enrî entks ejbî ejbîmj`k mj`kss edf mkv mkvjmjd jmjdbtk, btk, nrtdr nrtdrjn? jn? mnb` mnb`gns gns sdiu sdiujen jenss `kbtjbuns. sj gny ejs`kbtjbujene pdbsnr qud df nirdskr puded ffdvnrfns db`jmn. `) Jmprdibn`jðb? bks enrî entks ed eðbed sd gn pkejek npkynr df `neîvdr k skard df prkpjk `neîvdr. DPSDQMN Z SDFKP? SDFKP? Df rd`kbk`jmjdbtk ed fns mnb`gns ed sdmdb `unbek sd prdsumd nedmîs ub edfjtk sdxunf ds ed irnb jbtdrês db df fdvnbtnmjdbtk edf `neîvdr. Skedmks ed`jr qud dstd tjpk ed mnb`gns ds ed ub `kfkr irjsî`dk, fns tdfns skard fns `unfds sd db`udbtrn sd dbeurd`db y n`nrtkbnb db`kbtrîbeksd rueks nf tn`tk, sd pudedb gnffnr  mdz`fneks `kb snbird y nÿb `kb pdfks pÿaj`ks. @unbek sd db`udbtrnb skard fn pjdf lkrmnb ubn `npn k pdfí`ufn `kb ub arjffk `nrn`tdrístj`k. Dspdrmn npnrd`d skard prdbens ed rkpn k skard df `udrpk. Qkpn?? ed lkrmn n`nrtkbnen, ríijen y ed `kfkr nmnrjffdbtk8 rdmjtjr fn rkpn dbtdrn y bk Qkpn pnr`jnfmdbtd @udrpk?? db lkrmn ed mk`k8 rd`kidr `kb Gjskpk (nfikeðb jmprdibnek db niun edstjfnen). @udrpk Sdfks? Qdstks ajkfðij`ks qud edbktnb fn prdsdb`jn ed ubn pdrskbn db df fuinr ed fks Sdfks? gd`gks. Df pdfk sd `nd bnturnfmdbtd y nÿb mîs, db sjtun`jkbds vjkfdbtns, y dbtrd fn dstru`turn edf pdfk db`kbtrnmks df aufak rnquíedk edf `unf pkedmks katdbdr df NEB. Bk gny eks pdrskbns jiunfds, pkr tnbtk, df nbîfjsjs ed mudstrns ajkfðij`ns bks pkerî pdrmjtjr  edtdrmjbnr fn jedbtjene ed pdrskbns, skard su prdsdb`jn db ub fuinr edtdrmjbnek pkr df gnffnzik ed rdstks.

0.- Jbejqud quê ktrks jbej`jks y dvjedb`jns jbkriîbj`ks pkerínb db`kbtrnrsd db fn ejfjidb`jn edf fdvnbtnmjdbtk ed `neîvdr. Kaodtks edf Fuinr `kmprdbed?

 

Srdsdb`jn Srdsdb`j n k nusd nusdb`jn b`jn ed Nrmns Nrmns?? @kbs @kbsjedr jedrnr nr qud `unfqu `unfqujdr jdr kaodtk prdsdbtd puded sdr ub nrmn, yn sdn ub fnerjffk, ub pnfk, ub `dbj`drk, ubn pjdern, dt`. Udbdr prdsdbtd qud fn nusdb`jn ed nrmns bk bks kafjin n pdbsnr qud dstnmks lrdbtd n ub gkmj`jejk, tnmpk`k fn prdsdb`jn ed dffns bks jmpkbd `kmk ejnibðstj`k ed `drtdzn df suj`jejk. Nsí mjsmk tdbdr db `udbtn df sjibk ed dspnsmk `nenvêrj`k, su edek íbej`d db pksj`jðb ed intjffnr df nrmn, rdldrdb`jns ed lnmjfjnrds lnmjfjnrds k ed nmjiks ed sj df jbejvjeuk ds ejdstrk k sjbjdstrk. ○ Nrmn e ed d lu ludik ? ◈ Lj Ljon onrf rfk k tr trnz nzîb îbek ekfd fd u ub b `í `ír` r`uf ufk, k, ◈ Qd Qdnfj nfjznr znr u ubn bn jjedb edbtjl tjlj`n j`n`jð `jðb b idbdrn idbdrnff `km `kmk? k? ▣ Ujp Ujpk k (pj (pjstk stkfn fn,, rdv rdvkfv kfvdr, dr, lusjf, lusjf, lus lusjfjf ed nsnft nsnftk, k, `nrna `nrnajbn jbn,, rjlfd rjlfd,, ds`kp ds`kpdtn dtn,, nmdtrnffnekrn, nmdtrnffne krn, nr`nauz 11 dt`.), ▣ Mnr Mnr`n, `n, ((Ptn Ptnr, r, Ns Nstrn trn,, Ffn Ffnmn, mn, @ @kf kft, t, Pmj Pmjtg tg & Yds Ydsskb skb..), ..), ▣ Mk Mked edfk fk (N (N,A ,AM, M,EH EHF, F,dt dt`. `.), ), ▣ Bÿmdrk e ed dP Pd drjd, ▣ @nf @nfjard jard (e (ejîmd jîmdtrk trk ed edff jbtd jbtdrjkr rjkr ed edff `nþð `nþðb, b, dbt dbtrd rd `nm `nmpks, pks, p pkr kr fn ffkbij kbijtue tue ed fn rd`nmnrn.), ▣ Ljr Ljrmn mn edf lna lnarj` rj`nb nbtd td y Bn` Bn`jkb jkbnf nfjen jene, e, ▣ @n @nrn` rn`tdr tdríst ístj`n j`nss pd`uf pd`ufjnr jnrds ds (bj (bjqu qudfn dfnen, en, enm enmnsq nsqujb ujbnen nen,, `rk `rkmne mnen, n, `kb `n`gns ed gudsk, k Bî`nr) ◈ jedbtjlj`n`j Ujpk Ujpk,, mnr`n bÿmd bÿmdrk rk ed sd sdrjd rjd `k `kbstj bstjtuydb tuydb fks fks df dfdmdb dmdbtks tks ds dsdb`j db`jnfd nfdss pnrn ffn n jedbtjlj`n`jðb ðbyedf nrmn. ○ Srky Srkyd` d`tjtjfd fdss ed nr nrmn mn ed ludi ludik? k?  ◈ Edtd Edtdrmjb rmjbnr nr sus ejmdb ejmdbsjkb sjkbds, ds, mde mdejr jr df ej ejîmdtr îmdtrk k ed fn a anfn nfn y fn fkbi fkbijtue jtue ed ffn n vnjbn (dodm.:x>:mm), ◈ Jbtdr Jbtdrprdt prdtnr nr fns sj sjifns ifns ttrkqu rkqudfne dfnens ns db fn a ansd nsd ed edff `ufk `ufktd td n ljb ed edtdr edtdrmjbn mjbnrr fn mnr`n, df lnarj`nbtd, df nþk ed lnarj`n`jðb, df fuinr y fn bn`jkbnfjene edf prkyd`tjf. ◈ @kmp @kmprkan rkanrr sj df prk prkyd`tj yd`tjff sd db` db`udbt udbtrn rn `km `kmpfdt pfdtk, k, sjb pd pdr`ut r`utjr, jr, pdr pdr`utj `utjek, ek, y bk ejspnrnek,, sj gn sjek mkejlj`nek. ejspnrnek ◈ Pd edtd edtdrmj rmjbnr bnrî î sj df prk prkyd` yd`tjf tjf sd `krrds `krrdspk pkbed bed `k `kb b df `nr `nrtu` tu`gk, gk, mj mjejd ejdbek bek df ejîmdtrk ed su ak`n, pkr fn pnrtd jbtdrbn (`kjb`jejrî `kb df ejîmdtrk ed fn anfn.) ○ Nrmns afnb`ns ? ◈ Ljonr Ljonr fn uaj uaj`n` `n`jð jðb b pk pkrr md mdejk ejk ed u ub b `í `ír`u r`ufk, fk, ◈ Je Jedb dbtjtjljlj`n `nrf rfk k ed eds` s`rj rjaj ajdb dbek ek df tjpk tjpk (` (`kr krtn tnbt btd, d, pubz pubzk k `krt `krtnb nbtd td,, pdbd pdbdtr trnb nbtd td), ), fkbijtue, bumdrk ed ljfks. ◈ Aus Aus`nr `nr rd rdstk stkss ed snbi snbird rd db fn gk gkon on mdt mdtîfj îfj`n `n ekb ekbed ed sd ub ubd d `kb df mnb mnbik ik ed fn mjsmn. Dstuejk y eds`rjp`jðb ed fks kaodtks qud dstîb skard df @neîvdr k jbmdejntks nf mjsmk. ○ @ne @neîvd îvdrds rds ng ngkr` kr`nek neks, s, `kf `kfin ineks eks k suspd suspdbej bejeks eks? ? ◈ ds bd` bd`ds dsnrj nrjk k qud bk sdnb ed eds`k s`kfin fineks eks pk pkrr bjbi bjbiubn ubn pd pdrsk rskbn, bn, pn pnrn rn qud df mêej`k fdijstn db dsn pksj`jðb jbj`jd df dxnmdb edf `udrpk y sdrî df mêej`k fdijstn qujdb ed fn nutkrjzn`jðb pnrn eds`kfinr df `udrpk edspuês ed fn tkmn ed lktkirnlíns pnrn prksdiujr `kb df dstuejk dxgnustjvk. ◈ Dstue Dstuejnr jnr `uj `ujenek eneksnmd snmdbtd btd fn fnss `kbej `kbej`jkb `jkbds ds y kaod kaodtks tks edf ffuin uinr, r, puds sj ssd d trntn ed ubn ngkr`neurn `kmpfdtn gny qud vdr `kmk fkirk suajr y fudik fnbznrsd

 

pnrn qudenr suspdbejen. (Kasdrvnrdmks sjffns, ds`nfdrns, anb`ks, `nmn, k `unfqujdrr ktrk kaodtk qud gnyn sdrvjek pnrn tnf lljb). `unfqujd jb). ◈ \dr sj ffn n pnrtd ssupdr updrjkr jkr ed e ej`gk j`gk k kaodt aodtk k dstî db u ub b pfnb pfnbk k supd supdrjkr rjkr n nff pfn pfnbk bk ed fns pfnbtns ed fks pjds ◈ Kasd Kasdrvnr rvnr df p pubtk ubtk ed ssuspd uspdbsjð bsjðb b dstî skar skard d vj vjins ins e ed d mn mnedrn edrn ◈ Kasd Kasdrvnr rvnr ssjib jibks ks edo edoneks neks pkr d dff `gj `gj`ktd `ktd n nff mkm mkmdbtk dbtk edf ``kfin kfinmjdb mjdbtk. tk. Dstuejk y eds`rjp`jðb ed fks kaodtks mdejntks y nfdoneks edf `neîvdr. ○ Fds Fdsjk jkbds bds `k `kbtu btusns sns,, edsi edsinrr nrrks ks,, u ktrns ffdsj dsjkbd kbds? s?  ◈ Aus` Aus`nr nr sj nf nfiubk iubk e ed d fks k kaodt aodtks ks edf ffuin uinrr puek g gnadr nadr ssjek jek u utjfj tjfjznek znek.. ◈ Ta Taj`n j`nek ek df ka kaod odtk tk dstu dstuej ejnrd nrdmks mks df mjsm mjsmk k y aus`n aus`nrdm rdmks ks rdst rdstks ks ed snbi snbird, rd, pdfks, gjfks ed rkpn dt`. ◈ Udbdr db `udbtn qud dxjstd fn pksjajfjene ed pdrskbns qud gnb `kbvufsjkbnek `kbvufsjkb nek y sd ikfpdnb `kb fks kaodtks edf fuinr. Qdfn`jðb ed fks kaodtks dbtrd sí? ○ Kr Kred edb bye eds dskr kred edb b? ◈ Udb Udbdr dr db `kbsj `kbsjedr edrn`j n`jðb ðb qud bk tkek edskre edskredb db ds sjdmp sjdmprd rd gkm gkmj`j j`jejk ejk,, pud pudss puded trntnrsd ed fuinrds ekbed gnajtnb pdrskbns `kb trnstkrbks mdbtnfds, k ed pdrskbns qud vjvínb skfns db `kbej`jkb `kbej`jkbds ds muy prd`nrjns. Qdfn`jðb ed fks kaodtks `kb df @neîvdr? ○ Mu` Mu`gn gnss vd` vd`ds ds fks kaodtk kaodtkss edf fuin fuinrr prd prdsdb sdbtnb tnb `nr `nrn`t n`tdrí drístj stj`ns `ns edf mke mkek k ed vje vjen, n, k`upn`jðb,, pntkfkiíns, dstnek ed nanbekbk ed fn pdrskbn. k`upn`jðb ○ Pj eda edad d mkvjf mkvjfjznr jznrsd sd ub nrm nrmn n ed lud ludik, ik, bub bub`n `n eda edad d jbtrk jbtrkeu`j eu`jrsd rsd kao kaodtks dtks db d dff `nþð `nþðb b pnrn bk nftdrnr k akrrnr pksjafds jbej`jks jbej`jks.. ○ Edt Edtdrm drmjb jbnr nr sj nfiu nfiubk bk ed fks kaod kaodtks tks edf fui fuinr nr puek gn gnadr adr sje sjek k utjf utjfjzn jznek ek pnrn enr  mudrtd n fn ví`tjmn k `kbtrjaujr n fn mjsmn. ○ Db `nsk e ed d gudf gudffns fns ed pj pjds, ds, rd` rd`kbst kbstrujr rujr fn e ejrd` jrd``jðb `jðb q qud ud ffd ffdvnan vnan df q qud ud fns p prkeu rkeuok, ok, gn`jn k edsed fn pksj`jðb edf `neîvdr. ○ N vd`ds d dss muy jm jmpkrt pkrtnbtd nbtd ffn n gudf gudffn fn edo edonen nen pk pkrr nfiÿ nfiÿb b tjpk p pnrtj` nrtj`ufnr ufnr e ed d sudf sudfn, n, `kmk dfdmdbtk jedbtjlj`ntkrjk edf nirdskr.

5.- Dxpfjqud `kb dodmpfks prî`tj`ks db quê `kbsjstd fn `nedbn ed `ustkejn. Fn @nedbn ed @ustkejn ds df sjstdmn ek`umdbtnek ed `kbtrkf y rdijstrk ed fks prk`dsks qud sd npfj`nb nf mnbdok ed fns jbej`jks y dvjedb`jns, `uyk prkpðsjtk rnej`n db inrnbtjznr fn jbtdirjene, `kbsdrvn`jðb, jbnftdrnajfjene, bnturnfjene, krjijbnfjene, y nutdbtj`jene, ed tkeks fks dfdmdbtks mntdrjnfds qud pudenb sdr npkrtneks `kmk prudans, tkek dstd prk`dsk idbdrn ub ek`umdbtk ds`rjtk db ekbed qudenb rdlfdonens tkens fns jb`jedb`jns nsk`jneks nf mnbdok ed jbej`jks y dvjedb`jns. Df kaodtjvk prjmkrejnf ed dstd prk`dsk ds inrnbtjznr qud fks jbej`jks k dvjedb`jns mnbtdbinb tkens y `nen ubn ed fns `nrn`tdrístj`ns jbgdrdbtds nf fuinr edf `unf gn sjek rd`updrnek, ed mnbdrn jbnftdrnafd, pnrn qud df dspd`jnfjstn db df fnakrntkrjk puden rdnfjznr fks dstuejks `krrdspkbejdbtds, `krrdspkbe jdbtds, db `nsk ed sdr bd`dsnrjk.

 

4.- @kb`fusjkbds y rd`kmdben`jkbds. Jbej`jk? Jbej` jk? Fk qud bks gn gn`d `d pdb pdbsnr snr db nf nfik. ik. Pd `kb `kbsje sjedrn drn jbej` jbej`jk jk tke tkek k nqu nqudf df dfdmd dfdmdbtk btk pdr`dptjafd, sdn k bk mntdrjnf, qud rdsuftn k sd vd jmpfj`nek ed fn ds`dbn ed ub `rjmdb y qud pdrmjtd jmnijbnr fn dxjstdb`jn ed ubn `jr`ubstnb`jn edtdrmjbnen vjb`ufnen nf su`dsk k `rjmdb jbvdstjinek

 

Dvjedb`jn? @unbek nfik edmudstrn fn dxjstdb`jn ed ubn rdfn`jðb. Fn dvjedb`jn sd dbtjdbed `kmk tkek nqudf dfdmdbtk qud pdrmjtd dstnafd`dr, ed mnbdrn `fnrn, fn rdfn`jðb dbtrd eks dfdmdbtks db`kbtrneks db fn ds`dbn edf `rjmdb. Dvjedb`jn d jbej`jk, sjb dmanrik, skb fks dfdmdbtks qud sd dx`fuydb dbtrd sí, ejldrdb`jîbeksd db qud mjdbtrns df sdiubek ds idbdrnfmdbtd ub prkeu`tk k dfdmdbtk vjb`ufnek n fn ds`dbn edf `rjmdb qud puded npubtnr db ubn edtdrmjbnen ejrd``jðb fn dvjedb`jn puded edmkstrnr pdr sd fn dxjstdb`jn ed ubn rdnfjene edtdrmjbnen. Nedmîs, mjdbtrns df jbej`jkn ds mîsedf suaodtjvk edpdbed db mnykr mdejen jbvdstjinekr, dvjedb`jn dvjedb`j nqud sd katjdbd trnvês nbîfjsjsyed fks dfdmdbtks jbej`n jbej`ntjvks, tjvks,edf rdsuftnbek sdr fn kaodtjvns

 

Ajafjkirnlín \nfkrn`jðb b Jbtdirnf ed Fdsjkbds @krpkrnfds (13>. Iuín Mêej`k Fdinf ed \nfkrn`jð gttps?//pkrtnf.mplb.ika.pd/eds`nri gttps?//pkrtnf.mplb.i ka.pd/eds`nrins/bkrmns/e573 ns/bkrmns/e573:3.pel  :3.pel  1. Mnbunf ed prk`dejmjdbtks ed fn ejfjidb`jn ed Fdvnbtnmjdbtk ed `neîvdr (1339). (1339).   gttps?//www.mplb.ika.pd/Ek`s/jmf/ gttps?//www.mplb.ik a.pd/Ek`s/jmf/ljfds/mnbunf ljfds/mnbunf>7.pel  >7.pel  0. Iuzmîb, @nrfks (13>>). @rjmjbnfístj`n @rjmjbnfístj`n.. Audbks Njrds, Dejtkrjnf A ed L. 5. Fdðb E EMF. MF. ED EDF F JBEJ@ JBEJ@JK JK N FN D\J D\JEDB EDB@JN @JN DB @ @QJMJB QJMJBNFÍPU NFÍPUJ@N J@N Z @QJMJBKFKIÍN. SNQN FN N@TPN@JÐB ED TB GKMJ@JEN. ?15. 4.