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JRDNZD@OÐ M PJMPÐ[ODN JRDNZD@OÐ Ndkhrdthroh Mµ47 [j`hmh`ofojmth cj Pdkhrjs Kd Kd so`hs so`hs y Ðnhrjs

Omtjlrdmtjs7     

@jrvd Audm`d, Folujn @ru`js _jsquïm, Udhnd Gun`d Sjmd, Ajnnjm Nhrjmzh Zrtj`ah, Nuos Tuospj @ahquj, @ymtaod

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@hmtjmoch HKGJSORHP.................. HKGJSORHP....... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..............................4 ....................4

FD[@H SJÐ[O@H................... SJÐ[O@H.............................. ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... .............................; ...................; FDSJ[ODNJP7................. FDSJ[ODNJP7...... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ......................................? ...........................?

FÏSHCHP................... FÏSHCHP........ ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ............................45 ..................45

[JPZNSDCHP...................................................................................................................................................4;

@HM@NZPOHM................. @HM@NZPOHM...... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ....................................43 .........................43

KOKNOHL[DBÆD.............. KOKNOHL[DBÆD... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ...........................43 .................43

[j`hmh [j` hmh`of `ofojm ojmth th cj Pdkhrj Pdkhrjss Kd Kdso`hs y Ðnhrjs Ðnhrjs

Udlomd 4 Ud

 

HKGJSORHP 

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Jvdnudr nd `dpd`ocdc cj nhs pdmjnostds pdrd rj`hmh`jr y cobjrjm`odr nhs sdkhrjs käso`hs h profdrohs. Jvdnudr nd `dpd`ocdc cj nhs pdmjnostds cj ocjm`dr y rj`hmh`jr rj` hmh`jr hnhrjs.

FD[@H SJÐ[O@H PDKH[7

Dtrokuth sjmshrodn `hfpnjgh, yd quj `hfkomd trjs prhpojcdcjs7 jn hnhr, jn drhfd y jn lusth, sj cjtj`td `udmch sj omtrhcu`j omtrhcu`j um dnofjmth jm nd kh`d. Cobjrjm`od j ocjm`d um dnofj dnofjmth mth cj htrh. Jn sdkhr js umd prhpojcdc quæfo`d, yd quj omvhnu`rd nd cjtj``oðm cj jsfunhs cosujnths jm dlud d`jotj h sdnovd phr nds pdponds lustdvds, nh`dnozdcds jm nd supjr`oj cj nd njmlud, dsæ `hfh jm nd fu`hsd cjn pdndcdr y jn ärjd cj nd ldrldmtd. Jstds pdponds sj covocjm jm 3 lruphs, `dcd umh sjmsoknj d nhs `udtrh sdkhrjs h lusths7 UDUONDPOBH[FJP7 Nh`dnozdcds Nh`dnozdcds jm nd pumtd cj nd njmlud sjmsoknj dn sdkhr cun`j. BZMLOBH[FJP77 Nh`dnozdcd jm nhs ndtjrdnjs ombjrohrjs cj nd njmlud, cjtj`tdm jn sdkhr sdndch. BZMLOBH[FJP @H[DNOBH[FJP7 Nh`dnozdcds jm nhs ndtjrdnjs phstjrohrjs cj nd njmlud, sjmsoknj dn sdkhr ä`och. @DNO@OBH[FJP77 Nh`dnozdcds jm nd pdrtj phstjrohr cj nd `dvocdc ku`dn cjtj`tdm sdkhr dfdrlh. @DNO@OBH[FJP Uhr jnnh js ofphrtdmtj jm nd jvdnud`oðm cj sdkhr nd njmlud cjn gujz jstï jm kujmds `hmco`ohmjs, dcjfäs quj mh tjmld prhknjfds `hm su mdroz y ldrldmtd. Nhs guj`js mh cjkjm phmjrsj pjrbufj dmtjs cj pdr`opdr jm nds cjlustd`ohmjs, yd quj jn hnhr cjn pjrbufj pujcj ombjror `hm jn sdkhr cj nds fujstrds. @drd`tjræs`ds Pdkhr `drd`tjræs`h, suoljmjros. Dmänosos cj pjrn cj sdkhr cjn dnofjmth7 `hmsostj jm nd cjs`rop`oðm cjtdnndcd y nd fjco`oðm cj thchs y `dcd umh cj nhs `hfphmjmtjs h mhtds cjn sdkhr ‐ tjxturd (dtrokuths `hfpnjghs) cj um prhcu`th dnofjm`oh. Urhmtuc cj cjtj``oðm

[j`hmh [j` hmh`of `ofojm ojmth th cj Pdkhrj Pdkhrjss Kd Kdso`hs y Ðnhrjs Ðnhrjs

Udlomd ; Ud

 

Ujrsostjm`od, cjgh h rjlusth. Uhr jg. Pd`dromd (rjlusth dfdrlh y fjtäno`h) Fjco`ohmjs7 Pjmshrodnjs7 `hfpnjgd. Ujrnjs sjmshrodnjs. Omstrufjmtdnjs7 PFZ[B ([jnd`oðm jfph-omtjmsocdc) jfph-omtjmsocdc).. Omtjrd``ohmjs7 @hm htrhs dtrokuths (phr jg. `hnhr). Jmfds`drdr. ¸@ðfh bum`ohmd jn sjmch cjn lusth8 Udrd cosmluor nhs sdkhrjs unozdfhs jn sjmch cjn lusth, som jfkdrlh, jn sjmch cjn hnbdth jstä jstrj`adfjmtj noldch dn prh`jsh cj ocjm`d`oðm cj sdkhrjs. Jn `jmtrh cjn lusth y cjn hnbdth `hfkomd su ndkhr pdrd ocjm`dr quï dnofjmth tjmjfhs jm nd njmlud. Nd tjxturd rulhsd cj nd njmlud sj cjkj d um prhfjcoh cj 45,555 pdponds lustdvds jm`drldcds cj ocjm`dr nhs 3 sdkhrjs käso`hs, cun`js, sdndchs, dlrohs y dfdrlhs, y um quomth sdkhr fäs nndfdch ufdfo (sdkhr prhcu`och phr jn lnutdfdth). Nds pdponds lustdvds jm nd pumtd cj nd njmlud cjtj`tdm jn sdkhr cun`j, nds cj nhs ndchs, nh sdndch y ä`och, y nds cj nd pdrtj cj dträs, nh dfdrlh. Udrd fhstrdrtj quj jn sjmch cjn lusth y cjn hnbdth trdkdgdm gumths, tj phmjfhs `hfh jgjfpnh nd soluojmtj sotud`oðm7 `udmch jmjs `hmljshmdcd `hmljshmdcd nd mdroz phr umd lropd h um rjsbrodch, nhs dnofjmths tj sdkjm omsæpochs h rdrhs. Dcjfäs cj cosmluor nhs sdkhrjs, nd njmlud, jmj nd `dpd`ocdc cj ocjm`dr so jn dnofjmth jstä bræh h `dnojmtj, y so js um dnofjmth curh h sudvj.

Bolurd 47 nd njmlud y pdponds lustdtovds. LZPSH7

Shcds jstds sjôdnjs shm jmvodcds dn `jrjkrh, jn `udn omtjrprjtd `dcd umd cj jnnds, pjrfoïmchmhs cosbrutdr cj fon sdkhrjs dlrdcdknjs h jm su `dsh, prhtjljrtj dn dvosdrmhs quj jn dnofjmth quj jstdfhs prhkdmch jstä jm fdn jstdch. Jn ðrldmh cj jstj sjmch js nd njmlud, y sj nh`dnozd jspj`æ`dfjmtj jm nds pdponds lustdvds, quj shm nds quj ad`jm phsoknj nd ocjm`d`oðm cj sdkhrjs cun`j, ä`och, dfdrlh, y sdndch.

[j`hmh [j` hmh`of `ofojm ojmth th cj Pdkhrj Pdkhrjss Kd Kdso`hs y Ðnhrjs Ðnhrjs

Udlomd 0 Ud

 

Jm jn `jmtrh y jm nd `drd ombjrohr cj nd njmlud mh ady pdponds h khthmjs lustdvhs. Nh dfdrlh nh ocjm`d nd kdsj cj nd njmlud, nh cun`j y nh sdndch sj `dptd jm nd pumtd, y nh ä`och jm nhs khrcjs. @hm jsth sðnh kdstdræd cj`or quj nd njmlud mh sðnh js um ðrldmh cjsolmdch dn sjmch cjn lusth, somh tdfkoïm js um ðrldmh fus`undr, nh`dnozdch jm jn omtjrohr cj nd `dvocdc ku`dn, quj pdr`opd jm nhs fj`dmosfhs cj su``oðm, cjlnu`oðm. Nd njmlud `hmjmj um `hmgumth cj `ïnunds jspj`odnozdcds, nndfdcds yjfds lustdvds, quj shm nhs ðrldmhs jspj`odnjs cjn lusth. Dcjfäs cj ïstds, nd njmlud tdfkoïm jmj htrh ph cj `ïnunds quj prhcu`jm sdnovd, quj js mj`jsdrod pdrd trdldr nhs dnofjmths. Nds yjfds lustdvds `hmjmjm `ïnunds jm bhrfd cj pjnhs `uyds tjrfomdnjs, nhs fo`rhvono, shkrjsdnjm dn jspd`oh cjmtrh cjn sur`h h `dvocdc. Nds `ïnunds lustdthrods tjrfomdm jm umd krd mjrvohsd quj `hfumo`d nds sjmsd`ohmjs rj`okocds dn `jrjkrh. Nd njmlud aufdmd Nd njmlud js um ðrldmh fus`undr, fhvoknj, quj dcjfäs cj jxpjrofjmtdr nd sjmsd`oðm cjn lusth sorvj pdrd htrds bum`ohmjs `hfh jn adknd, jn fds`dr y jn trdldr cj nhs dnofjmths. @hmjmj um `hmgumth cj `ïnunds jspj`odnozdcds, nndfdcds yjfds lustdvds, quj shm, nhs ðrldmhs jspj`odnjs cjn lusth. Dcjfäs cj ïstds, nd njmlud tdfkoïm jmj htrh ph cj `ïnunds quj prhcu`jm sdnovd, quj js mj`jsdrod pdrd trdldr nhs dnofjmths.

Bolurd ;7 Jsqujfd cj nd supjrbo`oj cj nd njmlud aufdmd.

Bolurd 07 Jsqujfd cj umd yjfd lustdtovd. Nds yjfds lustdvds sj jm`ujmtrdm aumcocds cjkdgh cj nd supjr`oj cj nd njmlud jm sur`hs y `dvocdcjs (Bolurd :1). Gumth d nds yjfds lustdvds sj jm`ujmtrdm `ïnunds quj sj`rjtdm næquochs [j`hmh [j` hmh`of `ofojm ojmth th cj Pdkhrj Pdkhrjss Kd Kdso`hs y Ðnhrjs Ðnhrjs

Udlomd 3 Ud

 

quj sorvjm pdrd jmgudldr nds `dvocdcjs y nhs sur`hs quj nhs phmjm jm `hmco`ohmjs cj rj`okor jsfunhs mujvdfjmtj. Nds yjfds lustdvds sj jm`ujmtrdm costrokuocds cj fdmjrd mh umobhrfj shkrj nd supjr`oj cj nd njmlud dsæ `hfh jm nds jstru`turds dcyd`jmtjs cj nd ldrldmtd. Ady dnrjcjchr cj 45.555 pdponds lustdvds jm nd njmlud, dlrupdcds jm pdponds (jshs khthmjs phr thcd tu njmlud). Nds pdponds lustdvds shm lruphs l ruphs cj `ujrphs mjurhmdnjs quj trdzdm cjnldchs sur`hs jm nds pdponds, y pdrj`jm `hfh fo`rhs`ðpo`hs rd`ofhs cj kdmdmds.

Udrd cosmluor nhs sdkhrjs unozdfhs jn sjmch cjn lusth, som jfkdrlh, jn sjmch cjn hnbdth jstä jstrj`adfjmtj noldch dn prh`jsh cj ocjm`d`oðm cj sdkhrjs. Jn `jmtrh cjn lusth y cjn hnbdth `hfkomd su ndkhr pdrd ocjm`dr quï dnofjmth tjmjfhs jm nd njmlud. ¸@ðfh pjr`okofhs nhs sdkhrjs8 Jm profjr nuldr, pdrd quj nd njmlud sjd sjmsoknj d dnl÷m hkgjth js mj`jsdroh quj ïstj sj jm`ujmtrj a÷fjch. Po mh nh jstä, jmthm`js sj aufjcj`jrä `hm dyucd cj nd sdnovd quj sj`rjtd nd fosfd njmlud. Jn hkgjth yd a÷fjch sj cjphsotd jm nd njmlud y sus fhnï`unds jmtrdm jm `hmtd`th `hm nhs fo`rhvono, js cj`or, nhs jxtrjfhs cj nds krds cj nds yjfds lustdvds. Cj fdmjrd dmänhld d nh quj h`urrj jm jn hnbdth, sj nnjvd d `dkh umd rjd``oðm quæfo`d quj prhvh`d quj sj cjsjm`dcjmj umd rjspujstd cj nd `ïnund quj mhs cd nd sjmsd`oðm cjn lusth cjn hkgjth jm `ujsðm. Ady quj fjm`ohmdr, dcjfäs cjn jbj`th quæfo`h prhcu`och jm nds quj nd sjmsd`oðm cjn lusth qujcd cjtjrfomdcd phr htrds prhpojcdcjs cjnyjfds hkgjthlustdvds, quj prhcu`jm sjmsd`ohmjs tä`njs. Jstds prhpojcdcjs shm tdmth so`ds `hfh quæfo`ds. Nds profjrds cj co`ads prhpojcdcjs shm jn tdfdôh cj nd pdr`und, su tjxturd, su `hmsostjm`od y su tjfpjrdturd. Nds sjlumcds, nds prhpojcdcjs quæfo`ds, prhcu`jm nds sjmsd`ohmjs cj brodncdc cj nd fjmtd, nh po`hsh cjn `aonj, jt`ïtjrd.

[j`hmh [j` hmh`of `ofojm ojmth th cj Pdkhrj Pdkhrjss Kd Kdso`hs y Ðnhrjs Ðnhrjs

Udlomd : Ud

 

Curdmtj fu`ah jfph sj `rjyð quj jxosdm `udtrh phs cj yjfds lustdvds, umds sjmsoknjs d nh cun`j, htrds d nh sdndch, htrds d nh dlroh y htrds fäs d nh dfdrlh. Pom jfkdrlh, jstucohs fäs cjtdnndchs adm fhstrdch quj umd yjfd lustdvd cj nd rjloðm "cun`j", phr jgjfpnh, tdfkoïm rjsphmcj d nhs htrhs sdkhrjs, dumquj jm fjmhr js`dnd. D[HFD _ HNH[7 Hnhr js nd sjmsd`oðm prhcu`ocd dn jsfundr jn sjmch cjn hnbdth. Drhfd js nd brdldm`od cjn dnofjmth quj pjrfotj nd jsfund`oðm cjn sjmch cjn hnbdth, phr jsh jm jn njmludgj `hf÷m sj `hmbumcjm y usdm `hfh somðmofhs. Jn sjmch cjn hnbdth sj uko`d jm jn jpotjnoh hnbdthroh cj nd mdroz. Jstä `hmstuoch phr `ïnunds hnbdthrods `onodcds, nds quj `hmstuyjm nhs rj`jpthrjs hnbdthrohs. Js um ðrldmh vjrsän, `hm lrdm phcjr cj cos`rofomd`oðm y sjmsokonocdc, `dpdz cj cosmluor umhs ;555 d 3555 hnhrjs cobjrjmtjs. Nd ofphrtdm`od cj nhs drhfdzdmtjs rdco`d jm nd, bum`oðm quj cjsjfpjôdm. 4. @hm`jmtrd`oðm cjn hnhr Js jn m÷fjrh cj umocdcjs cj hnhr phr umocdc cj vhnufjm. Jn vdnhr mufïro`h cj nd `hm`jmtrd`oðm cjn hnhr, jxprjsdch jm umocdcjs cj hnhr (J/f0) oludnd dn m÷fjrh cj vj`js quj jn dorj cjkj cjr trdtdch `hm dorj omhchrh pdrd dn`dmzdr jn ufkrdn cjn hnhr. ;. Zfkrdn cjn hnhr Js nd `hm`jmtrd`oðm cj umd sustdm`od ldsjhsd, jxprjsdcd jm ºl/f0, quj sjrä cos`jrmocd cjn dorj omhchrh phr dn fjmhs nd fotdc cj nds pjrshmds. Jn ufkrdn cjn hnhs phr cjmo`oðm jmjm umd `hm`jmtrd`oðm cj 4 umocdc cj hnhr/f0. 0. Jstämcdr cj hnhr Js um jstämcdr cj hnhr, jxprjsdch `hfh `hm`jmtrd`oðm `hm`jmtrd`oðm fäxofd, quj mh pujcj sjr supjrdch. 3. Lrdvj fhnjsd phr hnhr Js um lrdch cj fhnjsd phr hnhr quj jx`jcj jn movjn fäxofh dcfoch pdrd nd sdnuc aufdmd. Sdmth nhs jbj`ths shkrj nd sdnuc `hfh nhs jbj`ths jxpjrofjmtdchs pjrshmdnfjmtj pjrshmdnfjmtj omuyjm jm jsth. Jm nd prä``d um movjn cj fhnjsd phr hnhr sj cjtjrfomd phr `ujshmdrohs jm nhs quj nd ljmtj cjs`rokj jn lrdch cj fhnjsd cj hnhr jxpjrofjmtdch. :. Jbj`th movjn `jrh Jsth js nd fdyhr `hm`jmtrd`oðm phsoknj cj hnhr pdrd nd `udn nds pjrshmds thcdvæd mh jxpjrofjmtdm fhnjsds phr hnhr. @ndso`d`oðm7 Jm 4