INF524-Unidad 1

 

BLD81; BLD81;-Okjblbstronbþl -Okjblbstronbþl kh Nhltrcs kh Nþjputcs

Xlbkok B

Ncltrcf kh fhnturo kh fos ulbkokhs ulbkokhs B R BB khf fbarc kh Fbn. Qcsofao Nhrvolths Jhzo.

 Rhshlbo Tbffor Qojbrhz Qojbrhz Jotrbnufo= ?99?;112;

Yrcdhscro= Eoyshr Ahftrh

 

Nclthlbkc Yrhshltonbþl................................................................................................................................> Nopbtufc B. Bltrckunnbþl o fo Okjblbstronbþl kh Nhltrcs kh Nþjputcs........................................; ³_uâ hs ul nhltrc kh nþjputc3..............................................................................................; OQHO^ KH XL NHL[QC KH NÞJYX[C......................................................................................;

 

Yrhshltonbþl Hstbjokcs portbnbpolths portbnbpolths kh fo osb`loturo BLD81;-Okjblbstronbþl kh Nhltrcs kh Nþjputcs, hl hsto ontbvbkok kh oprhlkbzomh khahrïl hfoacror ul ncltrcf kh fhnturo, tcjolkc ncjc aosh hf jothrbof ncjpfhjhltorbc quh sh hlnuhltro kbspclbafh hl fo pfotodcrjo poro fo ulbkok B. Fcs nuofhs ncrrhspclkhl o fcs kcs prbjhrcs nopêtufc khf fbarc kh fo Fbn. Qcsofao Nhrvolths Jhzo= Nopbtufc B. Bltrckunnbþl o fo Okjblbstronbþl kh Nhltrcs kh Nþjputcs Nopbtufc BB. Nrhonbþl, shfhnnbþl, prhporonbþl y cr`olbzonbþl kh ul nhltrc kh nþjputc Khahl fhhr hstcs kcs jothrbofhs, hstukborfcs ncl shltbkc s hltbkc nrêtbnc y hfoacror ul kcnujhltc, hsnrbtc hl ul prcnhsokcr kh thxtc (Pcrk), kclkh sblthtbnhl su nclthlbkc hxprhsolkc hxprhsolkc fcs nclnhptcs ncl sus prcpbos pofoaros y hsquhjotbzolk hsquhjotbzolkc c (rhofbzolkc jopos nclnhptu nclnhptuofhs, ofhs, `rïdbnos, acsquhmcs, htn.) quh pfosjhl fos bkhos prblnbpofhs hl hffcs hxpuhstcs. Hsth troaomc khah nclthlhr ul jêlbjc kh 8 pï`blos c jïxbjc ?9 pï`blos kh khsorrcffc, okbnbclof= ecmo kh prhshltonbþl, blkbnh, bltrckunnbþl, nclnfusbþl y abafbc`rodê abafbc`rodêo. o. Hsth kcnujhltc khah shr rhofbzokc hl ul scfc ornebvc, nuyc lcjarh khah ffhvor fo sb`ubhlth lcjhlnfotu lcjhlnfoturo= ro= BLD81;SURSJotrbnufoSO?.kcn y suabrfc o fo pfotodcrjo hl fo shnnbþl kh O^B@LONBCLH^

olths kh fo dhneo= kêo, jhs, oÿc, ecro, hstoafhnbkc hstoafhnbkc.. BLD81;, hs hf nþkb`c kh hsto osb`loturo U, hs fo blbnbof kh su prbjhr lcjarh. R, hs fo blbnbof kh su prbjhr ophffbkc. Jotrbnufo, hs su nþkb`c kh hstukbolth. O?, hs fo Osb`lonbþl ?. Hmhjpfc= ^b su lcjarh hs Muol Joluhf Yârhz ^ïlnehz, jotrênufo KN-?9;9. Hf dbnehrc sh

ffojorï= BLD81;SMYSKN?9;9SO?.kcn y lc cfvbkhl ncfcnor sus kotcs khltrc khf jbsjc (lcjarh y jotrênufo). Hf ncltrcf kh fhnturo khah shr hltrh`okc olths kh fo dhneo hstoafhnbko pcr ncrrhc y tbhlh ul vofcr kh 8 pultcs. Olth nuofqubhr kuko c blqubhtuk puhkhl ncltontorjh pcr hf ncrrhc blthrlc kh fo pfotodcrjo, rhnbaol kh jb porth ul duhrth oarozc vbrtuof. ^u [utcr.

 

Nopbtufc B. Bltrckunnbþl o fo Okjblbstronbþl kh Nhltrcs kh Nþjputcs ³_uâ hs ul nhltrc kh nþjputc3 Xl nhltrc kh nþjputc rhprhshlto ulo hlkok khltrc kh fo cr`olbzonbþl, fo nuof hlh ncjc camhvc sosdonhr fos lhnhsbkokhs kh bldcrjonbþl kh fo hjprhso, kh jolhro vhroz y cpcrtulo. ^u dulnbþl prbjcrkbof hs opcyor fo foacr okjblbstrovo poro eonhrfo jïs sh`uro, ubko, y osê sbjpfbnorfo. Hf nhltrc kh nþjputc hs rhspclsoafh kh nhltrofbzor, nustckbor y prcnhsor fo joycrêo kh fcs kotcs ncl fcs quh cphro fo ncjpoÿêo. Yrïnnojhlth tckos fos onvbkokhs kh fcs khjïs khportojhltcs khportojhltcs sh aosol hl fo bldcrjonbþl quh fhs prcpcrnbclo kbnec nhltrc.

 OQHO^ KH XL NHL[QC NHL[QC KH NÞJYX[C NÞJYX[C ^h hlnor`o kh pfolhor y ncltrcfor fcs rhnurscs kh bldcrjonbþl kh ul cr`olbsjc. OQHO KBQHN[BTO.

OQHO [ÂNLBNO

Fo phrsclo hlnor`oko kh hsto ïrho khah pcshhr okhjïs kh nclcnbjbhltcs tânlbncs.

Hsto ïrho hstï blth`roko pcr hxphrtcs hl bldcrjïno y su prblnbpof dulnbþl hs arblkor hf scpcrth tânlbnc quh sh rhqubhrh hl fos onvbkokhs kh nþjputc. Hsto ïrho hstï ncldcrjoko pcr Olofbstos, Yrc`rojokcrhs, Yrc`rojokcrhs kh ^bsthjos y Okjblbstrokcrhs kh Aosh kh Kotcs.

OQHO CYHQO[BTO.

ÏQHO OKJBLB^[QO[BTO.

Hsto ïrho sh hlnor`o kh arblkor fcs shrvbnbcs rhquhrbkcs poro hf prcnhsc kh kotcs.

Hf ïrho okjblbstrovo hsto hlnor`oko kh ncltrcfor fcs rhnurscs hnclþjbncs poro hf oaosthnbjbhltc kh jothrbofhs hsphnbofbzokcs tofhs ncjc= hqubpc, nbltos jo`lânos, kbsncs rhjcvbafhs.

 

Yrcafhjos Ncjulhs hl ul nhltrc kh ncjputc Noronthrêstbno @hlhrofhs

Khabkc o fo loturofhzo kh ul nhltrc kh nþjputc, fo ncjpfhmbkok kh fcs prcafhjos quh fc oquhmol hs kbvhrso. 

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prcafhjos usuorbcs) cnosbclokcs pcr phrsclos (yo shol troaomokcrhs kh fo cr`olbzonbþl c prcafhjos hl fos jïqublos y prcafhjos hl fcs prc`rojos, yo shol poquhths ufbzokcs c fcs prc`rojos quh sh nclstruyhl poro fcs usuorbcs. prcafhjos rhfonbclokcs ncl fo nclstrunnbþl quh ofahr`o fos ncjputokcros.

Nfosbdnonbþl= Fcs prcafhjos ncjulhs khltrc kh ul nhltrc kh nþjputc sh nfosbnol hl= 

Yrcafhjos kh Eorkworh.

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Yrcafhjos kh ^cworh.

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Yrcafhjos kh Qhnurscs Eujolcs.

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Yrcafhjos kh Blstofonbclhs Dêsbnos.

YQCAFHJO^ KH EOQKPOQH Tolkofbsjc= Khstrunnbþl khf hqubpc pcr porth kh usuorbcs, prblnbpofjhlth hl nhltrcs Tolkofbsjc= kh nþjputc uabnokcs hl hsnuhfos. Cascfhsnhlnbo kh hqubpcs= Hf hqubpcs=  Hf onhfhrokc posc hl fo bllcvonbþl kh fcs hqubpcs, hs kh pornufor bjpcrtolnbo poro fcs prcpbhtorbcs kh fcs nhltrcs kh nþjputc, y sh vuhfvh ul prcafhjo yo quh hs lhnhsorbc hstor ontuofbzolkc toltc hf scworh ncjc hf eorkworh. Kbsncs kurcs jïs vhfcnhs y kh joycr noponbkok, phrbdârbncs quh ojpfêol su rol`c kh onnbþl, bjprhscros ncl joycr lbkhz, htn. Nclsujbafhs=  Fo ncfcnonbþl hstrotâ`bno y hf sujblbstrc okhnuokc kh fcs rhnurscs quh Nclsujbafhs= Fo rhqubhrhl fos ncjputokcros poro su dulnbclojbhltc dulnbclojbhltc.. Jolthlbjbhltc blokhnuokc= blokhnuokc= Khahl hxbsr prc`rojos kh jolthlbjbhltc y nujpfbrsh of pbh kh fo fhtro, yo quh hf rhtrosc hl fos onvbkokhs kh fbjpbhzo hl fcs hqubpcs pcr fc `hlhrof ko ncjc rhsuftokc koÿcs hl fcs jbsjcs.

YQCAFHJO^ KH ^CD[POQH

 

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Onnhscs lc outcrbzokcs

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Tbcfonbþl kh su nclkhlnbofbkok

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Ofthronbþl

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Acrrokc y ncpbo

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Ybrothrêo (usc kh prc`rojos lc crb`blofhs)

YQCAFHJO^ KH QHNXQ^C^ EXJOLC^ Dcrjonbþl blokhnuoko 

Jofo okjblbstronbþl

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Dofto kh noponbtonbþl

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Oaolkclc kh troaomc

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^uphrvbsbþl blokhnuoko Qcac kh kbspcsbvcs

YQCAFHJO^ KH FO^ BL^[OFONBCLH^ DB^BNO Noth`crêos kh rbhs`cs=  rbhs`cs=  

Khsostrhs loturofhs= Blulkonbclhs, loturofhs= Blulkonbclhs, thjafcrhs, roycs, hrupnbclhs.

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Onnbkhlths= Khsnubkcs, Onnbkhlths=  Khsnubkcs, koÿc hl hqubpc, dofto kh prhvhlnbþl, dofto kh prhnounbþl.

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Tolkofbsjc= Khstrunnbþl hl ncltro khf Nhltrc kh Nþjputc odhntolkc, Tolkofbsjc= Khstrunnbþl blstofonbclhs, hqubpc, prc`rojos, kotcs, kcnujhltonbþl. Qcac= Kh Qcac=  Kh hqubpc, kcnujhltonbþl.

Nopbtufc BB. Nrhonbþl, shfhnnbþl, prhporonbþl y cr`olbzonbþl kh ul nhltrc kh nþjputc Lhnhsbkokhs kh ul nhltrc kh ncjputc Nuolkc sh hstukbo fo nrhonbþl c okhnuonbþl kh fos blstofonbclhs kh ul Nhltrc kh Nþjputc, rhsufto nclvhlbhlth eonhrfc kh ulo jolhro tof quh lc hxbstol prhsbclhs ur`hlths kh hjpc lb fbjbtonbclhs hxo`hrokos hxo`hrokos hl fc hnclþjbnc, puhstc quh hstorêojcs

 

nclkhlolkc of prcyhntc o fo jhkbcnrbkok c of dronosc. Fcs dontcrhs o nclsbkhror hl ul prcyhntc kh Nhltrc kh Nþjputc scl juy vorbokcs hl noko nosc, phrc fcs jïs `hlhrofhs y ncjulhs scl= Fo Yfolhonbþl kh fo kbstrbaunbþl kh ïrhos khltrc khf hkbnbc, su fcnofbzonbþl, kbjhlsbclhs y fcs onnhscs poro fcs usuorbcs kbrhntcs y lofhs kh fcs shrvbnbcs. ^h rhqubhrh juneo othlnbþl of kbjhlsbclojbhltc okhnuokc okhnuokc kh noko ulo kh fos ïrhos, sh`ýl fos noronthrêsnos y rhquhrbjbhltcs kh hsponbc y nclkbnbclhs kh cphronbþl kh fcs hqubpcs o blstofor. Hf prcafhjo jïs drhnuhlth quh hldrhltol fos hjprhsos hl hstcs hjpcs nclsbsth hl fo dofto kh pcsbabfbkokhs toltc hnclþjbnos ncjc kh hsponbc, poro phrjbr quh su Nhltrc kh Nþjputc sh puhko okoptor dïnbfjhlth o fcs nojabcs thnlcfþ`bncs y of blnrhjhltc kh lhnhsbkokhs quh sh hlhl quh hldrhltor, khabkc of nrhnbjbhltc tol vhr`blcsc kh quh hs camhtc.

^hfhnnbþl khf fu`or kh uabnonbþl khf nhltrc kh ncjputc Fo nclstrunnbþl c shfhnnbþl khf fu`or hs ul dontcr khthrjblolth hl hf ncrrhntc dulnbclojbhltc kh ul nhltrc kh nþjputc. Yoro fo hfhnnbþl khf fu`or kclkh sh blstoforï hf nhltrc kh nþjputc sh khahl thlhr hl nuhlto kbdhrhlths dontcrhs tofhs ncjc=

Fcnofbkok khf aorrbc quh khah ncltor ncl=    

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^hrvbnbcs rh`uforhs kh trolspcrth. [hlhr ul aomc êlkbnh kh khfblnuhlnbo. Hf ïrho khah hstor fhmcs kh nhltrc kh rhulbþl prcafhjïnc Khah hstor ofhmokc kh fu`orhs phfb`rcscs tofhs ncjc= ïrhos kh trolsdcrjokcrhs, nofkhros, `hlhrokcrhs, `oscfblhros, htn. Khahrï hstor ofhmokc kh hstonbclhs hjbscros c rhnhptcros kh nuofqubhr pc. Khah shr ul fu`or onnhsbafh

KJBLB^[QON

 

BÞL KH NHL[QC^ KH NÞJYX[C B

NQHONBÞL, ^HFHNNBÞL, YQHYOQONBÞL R CQ@OLB]ONBÞL KH XL NHL[QC KH NCJYX[C

 

Hstbjokcs portbnbpolths portbnbpolths kh fo osb`loturo BLD81;-Okjblbstronbþl kh Nhltrcs kh Nþjputcs, hl hsto ontbvbkok kh oprhlkbzomh khahrïl hfoacror ul ncltrcf kh fhnturo, tcjolkc ncjc aosh hf jothrbof ncjpfhjhltorbc quh sh hlnuhltro kbspclbafh hl fo pfotodcrjo poro fo ulbkok B. Fcs nuofhs ncrrhspclkhl o fcs kcs prbjhrcs nopêtufc khf fbarc kh fo Fbn. Qcsofao Nhrvolths Jhzo= Nopbtufc B. Bltrckunnbþl o fo Okjblbstronbþl kh Nhltrcs kh Nþjputcs Nopbtufc BB. Nrhonbþl, shfhnnbþl, prhporonbþl y cr`olbzonbþl kh ul nhltrc kh nþjputc Khahl fhhr hstcs kcs jothrbofhs, hstukborfcs ncl shltbkc s hltbkc nrêtbnc y hfoacror ul kcnujhltc, hsnrbtc hl ul prcnhsokcr kh thxtc (Pcrk), kclkh sblthtbnhl su nclthlbkc hxprhsolkc hxprhsolkc fcs nclnhptcs ncl sus prcpbos pofoaros y hsquhjotbzolk hsquhjotbzolkc c (rhofbzolkc jopos nclnhptu nclnhptuofhs, ofhs, `rïdbnos, acsquhmcs, htn.) quh pfosjhl fos bkhos prblnbpofhs hl hffcs hxpuhstcs. Hsth troaomc khah nclthlhr ul jêlbjc kh 8 pï`blos c jïxbjc ?9 pï`blos kh khsorrcffc, okbnbclof= ecmo kh prhshltonbþl, blkbnh, bltrckunnbþl, nclnfusbþl y abafbc`rodê abafbc`rodêo. o. Hsth kcnujhltc khah shr rhofbzokc hl ul scfc ornebvc, nuyc lcjarh khah ffhvor fo sb`ubhlth lcjhlnfotu lcjhlnfoturo= ro= BLD81;SURSJotrbnufoSO?.kcn y suabrfc o fo pfotodcrjo hl fo shnnbþl kh O^B@LONBCLH^

olths kh fo dhneo= kêo, jhs, oÿc, ecro, hstoafhnbkc hstoafhnbkc.. BLD81;, hs hf nþkb`c kh hsto osb`loturo U, hs fo blbnbof kh su prbjhr lcjarh. R, hs fo blbnbof kh su prbjhr ophffbkc. Jotrbnufo, hs su nþkb`c kh hstukbolth. O?, hs fo Osb`lonbþl ?.

Hmhjpfc= ^b su lcjarh hs Muol Joluhf Yârhz ^ïlnehz, jotrênufo KN-?9;9. Hf dbnehrc sh

ffojorï= y lc cfvbkhl ncfcnor sus kotcs khltrc khf jbsjc (lcjarh BLD81;SMYSKN?9;9SO?.kcn y jotrênufo). Hf ncltrcf kh fhnturo khah shr hltrh`okc olths kh fo dhneo hstoafhnbko pcr ncrrhc y tbhlh ul vofcr kh 8 pultcs. Olth nuofqubhr kuko c blqubhtuk puhkhl ncltontorjh pcr hf ncrrhc blthrlc kh fo pfotodcrjo, rhnbaol kh jb porth ul duhrth oarozc vbrtuof. ^u [utcr.