Inf 2 Lab-132

 

Ok`lalñj Lj`lrkate4 Vkslstkjale Kcìatrlae Erejalfle Aburqul, ^efcg Dujlgr Uulspk Oeoejl, Lvej Aercgs  ILQ 516CI, Cefgretgrlg `k Iïslae LL, Ljigrok Jg 6, LJI-IA^J-[OQE  60/65 

Vksuokj ^ere ce prkskjtk kxpkrlkjale sk kopckñ kc slouce`gr ^bKP, kc auåc agjste `k uje iukjtk `k vgctedk verlefck, vgctïoktrg y eopkrïoktrg ejecñmlag, uj dukmg `k rkslstkjales kcìatrlaes, aefcks kcìatrlags, pere quk pg`eogs eroer uj alraultg kcìatrlag. Kstu`leogs kc agopgrteolkjtg `k uje rkslstkjale kcìatrlae irkjtk e cgs aeoflgs `k aeï`e `k vgctedk y agrrlkjtk kcìatrlae. Gftuvlogs cgs `etgs `k igroe lj`lrkate, agj kc slouce`gr ^bkt. \ pu`logs agjaculr cg slmulkjtk. Agj cgs `etgs rkagckate`gs gftuvlogs uje rkslstkjale kxpkrlokjtec `kc4 VWkxp ? (1> µ 5;)(gbos)8 J.A. %

^ecefre acevk4 Vkslstkjale Kcìatrlae, Ygctedk, Agrrlkjtk. Agrrlkjtk. Efstreat Igr tbk prkskjt kxpkrlkjak, tbk ^bKP sloucetgr wes usk`, wblab agjslsts gi e verlefck vgctemk sgurak, vgctoktkr ej` ejecgm eooktkr, e skt gi kckatrlaec rkslstgrs, kckatrlaec aefcks, sg tbet wk aej fulc` ej kckatrlaec alrault. ]k stu`y tbk fkbevlgr gi ej kckatrlaec rkslstejak emeljst abejmks lj vgctemk `rgp ej` kckatrlaec aurrkjt. ]k gfteljk` tbk `ete lj`lrkatcy, wltb tbk ^bkt sloucetgr. Ej` wk wkrk efck tg agjacu`k tbk igccgwljm. ]ltb tbk `ete agcckatk` wk gfteljk` ej e j kxpkrlokjtec rkslstejak gi4 VWkxp ? (1> µ 5;) (gbos)8 J.A. %

Hkywgr`4 Kckatrlaec Vkslstejak, Ygctemk, Aurrkjt.

5

 

5 

LJPVG@[AALGJ

cgmerltog jeturec y kc `likrkjalec tgtec `k `labe iujalñj. 

;. ·^gr quì kc oìtg`g `k ce `ksvlealñj jgroec ks kc oås kopcke`g pere kvecuer ce ljakrtl`uofrk ljakrtl`uofr k `kc vecgr oås prgfefck7

5. ·Auåc ks ce aereatkrïstlae prljalpec kj ces ok`lalgjks lj`lrkates7 V5. Ks equkcce kj ce quk uje oemjltu` fusae`e sk kstloe ol`lkj`g uje g oås oemjltu`ks `likrkjtks, y sk aecauce ce oemjltu` fusae`e ok`lejtk aåcaucg e pertlr `k ce oemjltu` g oemjltu`ks `lrkateokjtk ok`l`es. 

V;. ^gr quì ces `ksvlealgjks kståj`er suakslves agj rkspkatg e ce ok`le kstefckakj vecgrks `k rkikrkjale pere kstloer kc pgrakjtedk `k gfskrvealgjks `k cgs `etgs. 

6. ·^gr quì ks lopgrtejtk agjgakr ce iñrouce oetkoåtlae kj ces ok`lalgjks lj`lrkates7

9. Ces verlefcks ok`l`es kj ces ok`lalgjks `lrkates ljicuykj kj ces lj`lrkates, ·^gr quì7

V6. ^gr quì jg pg`kogs user ecmôj ljstruokjtg pere rkeclzer ce ok`lalñj, kjtgjaks ks jkakserlg uje iñrouce oetkoåtlae quk jgs kstloe e ecmôj vecgr. 

V9. ^gr ce lljakrtl`uofrk jakrtl`uofrk quk puk`kj tkjkr ces ok`lalgjks, y kstes `kiljlråj ce iñrouce oetkoåtlae pere ce ok`lalñj lj`lrkate.

1. ·^gr quì ks lopgrtejtk agjgakr kc vecgr oås prgfefck kj ces ok`lalgjks lj`lrkates7

=. ·Uuì `likrkjale bey kjtrk uje ok`lalñj `lrkate k lj`lrkate7

V1. Jljmuje ok`lalñj ks kxeate y jujae sk agjgak kc vecgr vkr`e`krg `k ce aejtl`e` quk sk kstå ol`lkj`g. Agj kc vecgr oås prgfefck jgs eprgxloerkogs ec vecgr

V=. Kj ce ok`lalñj `lrkate ce ok`l`e sk gftlkjk agj uj ljstruokjtg `k ckature `lrkate, kj ce ok`lalñj lj`lrkate sk beak usg `k uje iujalñj oetkoåtlae e pertlr `k vecgrks `k gtres gt res oemjltu`ks. 

oås kxeatg. 

2. ·Kc añ`lmg `k agcgrks kj uje rkslstkjale kcìatrlae quk slmjlilae7

0. ·Uuì `likrkjale kxlstk kjtrk kc oìtg`g `likrkjalec y kc cgmerïtolag cgmerïtolag pere kvecuer ce ljakrtl`uofrk kj ce ljakrtl`uofrk ljakrtl`uof rk `kc vecgr oås prgfefck7

V2. Kstk añ`lmg `k agcgr kstå agopukstg pgr uj jôokrg `k fej`es quk gsalcej `k 1 e 9 y quk jg sñcg lj`laej ce rkslstkjale, sljg teoflìj ce tgckrejale, agjileflcl`e` y tese `k iecce.  

V0. Kj kc oìtg`g `likrkjalec sk aecauce ce ljakrtl`uofrk usej`g ces prgplk`e`ks `kc aåcaucg `likrkjalec, olkjtres quk kj kc oìtg`g cgmerïtolag

. ·Auåc ce `likrkjale kjtrk ces rkslstkjales kcìatrlaes agokralecks y `k cefgretgrlg7 cefgretgrlg7 V5>. Ce iujalñj kcìatrlae `k uje rkslstkjale sk kspkalilae pgr su rkslstkjale4 ces rkslstkjales agokralecks agoujks sk iefrlaej kj uj rejmg `k oås `k jukvk ñr`kjks `k oemjltu`.

1  OEVAG PKGVLAG

6  GFDKPLYGQ 6.5

[je ok`l`e lj`lrkate ks equkcce kj ce quk kc rksucte`g fusae`g sk gftlkjk pgr aåcaucg e pertlr `k cgs `etgs prloerlgs, agjakfl`g agog uje gpkrealñj skpere`e fedg uje iñrouce g uje cky iïslae quk pkrolte rkcealgjer ces aejtl`e`ks ok`l`es agj ce aejtl`e` quk sk qulkrk gftkjkr.

GFDKPLYG MKJKVEC   Kstu`ler kc agopgrteolkjtg `k



uje rkslstkjale kcìatrlae irkjtk e cgs aeoflgs `k aeï`e `k vgctedk y agrrlkjtk kcìatrlae.

Vkslstkjale kcìatrlae Ce rkslstkjale kcìatrlae ks uje `ksk cesutlclze oemjltu`ks iuj`eokjtecks quk pere ok`lr ce kckatrlal`e` y sk `kiljk agog4 ce gpgslalñj quk sk prkskjte ec pesg `k ce agrrlkjtk. Ce ujl`e` quk sk utlclze pere ok`lr ce rkslstkjale ks kc gbolg (ά) y sk rkprkskjte agj ce cktre V.

  Ykrlilaer ce vleflcl`e` `k ce



tkgrïe `k pkqukões oukstres kj agj`lalgjks `k pgae verleflcl`e` kj ok`lalgjks lj`lrkates agj ljstruokjtgs ejecñmlags y/g `lmltecks.

6.6

Pg`es ces rkslstkjales tlkjkj loprkses `k 0 e ; fej`es `k agcgrks. Kstes fej`es sgj vltecks, `kfl`g e quk pg`kogs utlclzer uj añ`lmg `k agcgr y agopåreces y sefkr su vecgr ñbolag.

GFDKPLYG KQ^KALILAG   Gftkjkr kc vecgr `k ce



rkslstkjale kcìatrlae agj su rkspkatlve ljakrtl`uofrk e uj

1

 

quk pg`eogs eroer uj alraultg kcìatrlag. Pec agog sk oukstre kj ce Ilmure 0.5.5.

^ere kc vecgr oås prgfefck quk skrå rkprkskjte`e pgr 3 * : tkj`rkogs8

 5  ∝   J ∕? 

 

^rgak`kogs agj ce `ksvlealñj kståj`er oukstrec8

 5 W()   J ∕? 6

 

Ilmure 0.5.5. Qlouce`gr ^bKP, ec efrlr kc slouce`gr sk pg`rå eprkaler cgs agopgjkjtks pere eroer alraultg.

Pgoej`g uj jlvkc `k agjilejze `kc % y ; mre`gs `k clfkrte` tkj`rkogs4 tW(ε/6.γ) ? 5,90

^gstkrlgrokjtk arkeogs uj alraultg kcìatrlag tre`lalgjec agj aefcks, uje iukjtk `k vgctedk, uj ljtkrruptgr, uj eopkrïoktrg, uj vgctïoktrg y uje rkslstkjale kcìatrlae, agog

`kiljlogs kc krrgr kste`ïstlag g ljakrtl`uofrk `kc vecgr oås prgfefck agog4

sk pg`rå eprkaler kj ce ilmure 0.5.6.

W ∝  W(/.) W() W() ∔ ∔ J

 

Ce cky `k Gbo sk use pere `ktkroljer ce rkcealñj kjtrk tkjslñj(K), agrrlkjtk(L) y rkslstkjale(V) kj uj alraultg kcìatrlag. K?LxV

^ere beccer ce ljakrtl`uofrk `k ce rkslstkjale userkogs ce slmulkjtk igrouce 

W      (3∝ ) + ( ∖3:) 0 

Ilmure 0.5.6. Alraultg ye eroe`g kj kc slouce`gr ^bKP agj uj vgctedk `k >.6> Y.

 

0 6 @etgs Kxpkrlokjtecks

OEVAG KR^KVLOKJPEC

Pgoeogs 9 `etgs agj uj vgctedk `ks`k >.5 e >.9, pere ae`e `ìaloe `k vgctlg tgoeogs kc `etg `k ce rkslstkjale kj kc eopkrïoktrg y cgs ejgteogs pere pgstkrlgrokjtk trefeder agj cgs `etgs. Ykr Pefce 0.6.5.

0 5 Ljtrg`uaalñj ^ere ce prkskjtk kxpkrlkjale sk kopcke kc slouce`gr ^bKP, kc auåc agjste `k uje iukjtk `k vgctedk verlefck, vgctïoktrg y eopkrïoktrg ejecñmlag, uj dukmg `k rkslstkjales kcìatrlaes, aefcks kcìatrlags, pere

0

 

Kc vecgr oås prgfefck y kc jlvkc `k agjilejze `k ce agrrlkjtk. J

YXY_

LXE_

L ? 3 L : µ KW(3 L :)8 J.A. %

5

>,5

>,>>1

6

>,6

>,>>=

1

>,1

>,>5

0 ;

>,0 >,;

>,>51 >,>5=

9

>,9

>,>6

L ? (>,>55 µ >,>>0)XE_8 J.A. %

[sej`g ce iñrouce `k ce Cky `k Gbos, kc vecgr oås prgfefck `k ce rkslstkjale kcìatrlae skrå4 3V: ? >,1;XY_/>,>55XE_

Pefce 0.6.5. Yecgrks `k ce rkslstkjale kj kc slouce`gr. V(kpx)?1>Xgbos_

3V: ?1> (gbos)

Ce ljakrtl`uofrk skrå ce slmulkjtk usej`g ce tìajlae `k ce `ksvlealñj jgroec4

; 

OEVAG KR^KVLOKJPEC

KW(3V:) ? 5; (gbos)

Agj cgs `etgs gftkjl`gs kj kc pujtg 0.6 y ces igrouces pgstuce`es kj kc pujtg 1. gftkjkogs cgs slmulkjtks rksucte`gs vkr Pefce ;.5.

Yerlefck YXY_ LXE_

ρW(J-5)

3 * :

tW(ε/6.γ) 

\ tkjkogs uj krrgr rkcetlvg rk cetlvg pgrakjtuec `kc4 %?;>

Qeaeogs ce Vkslstkjale kcìatrlae ok`le gftkjl`e pgr ok`lalñj lj`lrkate

KW3 * :

>,1;

>,52=>262=

5,90

>,56

>,>559999=

>,>>9150>5

5,90

>,>>0

VWkxp ? 3 V : µ KW(3 V :)8 J.A. % VWkxp ? (1> µ 5;)(gbos)8 J.A. %

Pefce ;.5. cgs `etgs ye trefede`gs agj ces igrouces `e`es kj ce skaalñj `kc oerag tkñrlag.

Ce `ksvlealñj rkspkatg ec vecgr jgoljec ske4 E ? efs((1>-1>)/1>)*5>> ? > %

Kxprksej`g cgs rksucte`gs gftkjl`gs tkj`rkogs4 Kc vecgr oås prgfefck y kc jlvkc `k agjilejze `kc vgctedk. Y ? 3 Y : µ KW(3 Y :)8 J.A. % Y ? (>,1; µ >,56)XY_8 J.A. % %

;

 

9 

AGJAC[QLGJKQ

Kstu`lej`g kc agopgrteolkjtg `k ce rkslstkjale y agj cgs `etgs gftkjl`gs `k igroe lj`lrkate, agj kc slouce`gr ^bkt, gftuvlogs kc slmulkjtk rksucte`g. Qeaej`g uje rkslstkjale kxpkrlokjtec `kc4 VWkxp ? (1> µ 5;)(gbos)8 J.A. % Kj e`lalñj kc slouce`gr use`g pere kstk kxpkrlokjtg ks ouy fukjg ye quk su ljtkrieak ks ouy eolmefck agj cgs kstu`lejtks.

= 

VKIKVKJALEQ

FLFCLGMVEILAEQ X5_ @.A. Felr` (52). Ok`l`es y Krrgrks (1re K`.) Ce ^ez - Fgclvle4 Aeteagre X1 X1_bttps4//pbkt.agcgre`g.k`u/slos/btoc/alra _bttps4//pbkt.agcgre`g.k`u/slos/btoc/alra ult-agjstruatlgj-hlt-`a-vlrtueccef/cetkst/alrault- agjstruatlgj-hlt-`avlrtuec-cefWks.btoc (slouce`gr ^bKP)

9