Incident Management ITIL®4 Practice Guide: View Only - Not For Redistribution © 2019

 

Ki`khcit Mlilacmcit KXKJ®8 Vrl`tk`c Aukhc LRCJDP.`dm

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Idvcmncr >6666

 

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >66666.0

P@DVC

Xbc s`dpc de tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c ki`juhcs7 ◄  hctc`tkia lih rcakstcrkia ki`khcits ◄  hklaidskia lih kivcstkaltkia ki`khcits ◄  rcstdrkia tbc leec`tch scrvk`cs lih @Ks td li larcch quljkty ◄  mlilakia ki`khcit rc`drhs ◄  `dmmuik`ltkia wktb rcjcvlit stlocbdjhcrs tbrduabdut tbc ki`khcit jkec`y`jc ◄  rcvkcwkia ki`khcits lih kiktkltkia kmprdvcmcits td scrvk`cs lih td tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c letcr rcsdjutkdi. Xbcrc lrc l iumncr de l`tkvktkcs lih lrcls de rcspdisknkjkty tblt lrc idt ki`juhch ki tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c, ljtbduab tbcy lrc stkjj `jdscjy rcjltch td kt. Xbcsc l`tkvktkcs lrc jkstch ki Xlnjc >..< L`tkvktkcs rcjltch td tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c tblt lrc hcs`rknch ki dtbcr prl`tk`c aukhcs L`tkvkty

Vrl`tk`c aukhc

Kivcstkaltkia `luscs de ki`khcits

Vrdnjcm mlilacmcit

@dmmuik`ltkia wktb uscrs

Pcrvk`c hcso

Kmpjcmcitltkdi de `bliacs td prdhu`ts lih

@bliac cilnjcmcit

scrvk`cs

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >6666.8

V^L@XK@C PS@@CPP EL@XD^P

Hcekiktkdi7 Vrl`tk`c su``css el`tdr

 L `dmpjcx eui`tkdilj `dmpdicit de l prl`tk`c tblt ks rcqukrch edr tbc prl`tk`c td eujekj kts purpdsc.

L prl`tk`c su``css el`tdr (VPE) ks mdrc tbli l tlso dr l`tkvkty? kt ki`juhcs `dmpdicits erdm ljj edur hkmciskdis de scrvk`c mlilacmcit. Xbc ilturc de tbc l`tkvktkcs lih rcsdur`cs de VPEs wktbki l prl`tk`c mly hkeecr, nut tdactbcr tbcy cisurc tblt tbc prl`tk`c ks ceec`tkvc. Xbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c ki`juhcs tbc edjjdwkia VPEs7

  hctc`tkia ki`khcits clrjy ◄  rcsdjvkia ki`khcits quk`ojy lih ceek`kcitjy ◄  `ditkiuljjy kmprdvkia tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit lpprdl`bcs. ◄

>.8.< Hctc`tkia ki`khcits clrjy Kt usch td nc `dmmdi prl`tk`c td rcakstcr mdst ki`khcits nlsch di kiedrmltkdi erdm cih uscrs lih KX spc`kljksts. Xbks mctbdh de sdur`kia kiedrmltkdi ks stkjj wkhcjy usch, nut addh prl`tk`c idwlhlys suaacsts hctc`tkia lih rcakstcrkia ki`khcits lutdmltk`ljjy. Xbks `li nc hdic kmmchkltcjy letcr ki`khcits d``ur lih ncedrc tbcy stlrt leec`tkia uscrs. Xbks lpprdl`b bls mujtkpjc ncicekts7

  Clrjkcr ki`khcit hctc`tkdi hc`rclscs tbc tkmc de scrvk`c uilvlkjlnkjkty dr hcarlhltkdi. ◄  Xbc bkabcr quljkty de tbc kiktklj hltl suppdrts tbc `drrc`t rcspdisc lih rcsdjutkdi de ki`khcits, ◄

ki`juhkia lutdmltch rcsdjutkdi, dtbcrwksc oidwi ls scje-bcljkia. ◄  Pdmc ki`khcits rcmlki kivksknjc td uscrs, kmprdvkia uscr sltksel`tkdi lih `ustdmcr sltksel`tkdi. ◄  Pdmc ki`khcits mly nc rcsdjvch ncedrc tbcy leec`t tbc scrvk`c quljkty larcch wktb `ustdmcrs, kmprdvkia tbc pcr`ckvch scrvk`c lih tbc edrmljjy rcpdrtch scrvk`c quljkty. ◄  @dsts lssd`kltch wktb ki`khcits mly hc`rclsc. Xbc hctc`tkdi de ki`khcits ks cilnjch ny tbc mdiktdrkia lih cvcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c. Xbks ki`juhcs tddjs lih prd`csscs edr cvcit `ltcadrkzltkdi tblt hkstkiauksbcs ki`khcits erdm kiedrmltkdi cvcits lih wlrikias. Lutdmltk`ljjy hctc`tch ki`khcits `li nc `ltcadrkzch cktbcr lutdmltk`ljjy, mliuljjy, dr plrtlutdmltk`ljjy. L plrt-lutdmltk` `ltcadrkzltkdi ks mlhc mliuljjy nut ks nlsch di suaacstkdis mlhc ny tbc systcm. Lutdmltch ki`khcit hctc`tkdi lih `ltcadrkzltkdi mly ncicekt erdm ml`bkic jclrikia sdjutkdis, uskia tbc hltl lvlkjlnjc erdm plst ki`khcits, cvcits, oidwi crrdrs, lih dtbcr sdur`cs. Qbci lutdmltch ki`khcit hctc`tkdi ks idt pdssknjc, ki`khcits lrc usuljjy hctc`tch wbci tbcy blvc ljrclhy kmpl`tch uscrs lih tbckr wdro. Cvci tbci, tbc clrjkcr li ki`khcit ks rcpdrtch lih rcakstcrch, tbc ncttcr. Xbks `li nc l`bkcvch ny prdmdtkia l `ujturc de rcspdisknjc scrvk`c

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >66.8.> ^csdjvkia ki`khcits quk`ojy lih ceek`kcitjy Xbks VPE ks vktlj edr tbc su``css de tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c lih edr acicrlj scrvk`c quljkty. Letcr ki`khcits lrc hctc`tch tbcy sbdujh nc blihjch ceec`tkvcjy lih ceek`kcitjy, `diskhcrkia tbc `dmpjcxkty de tbc civkrdimcit7

  Ki skmpjc sktultkdis, su`b ls rc`urrkia lih wcjj-oidwi ki`khcits, prc-hcekich rcsdjutkdi

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prd`churcs lrc jkocjy td nc ceec`tkvc. Xbcsc mly ki`juhc lutdmltch rcsdjutkdi dr stlihlrhkzch rdutkia lih blihjkia (l``drhkia td li lpprdprkltc prc-larcch ki`khcit mdhcj). ◄  Ki `dmpjcx sktultkdis, wbcrc tbc cxl`t ilturc de tbc ki`khcit ks uioidwi nut tbc systcms lih `dmpdicits lrc elmkjklr td tbc suppdrt tclms lih tbc dralikzltkdi bls l``css td cxpcrt oidwjchac, ki`khcits lrc usuljjy rdutch td l spc`kljkst ardup dr ardups edr hklaidsks lih rcsdjutkdi. Pdmctkmcs tbks `li lsskst ki khcitkeykia plttcris lih jclh td l mdhcj lih/dr l sdjutkdi wbk`b `li nc lppjkch td skmkjlr ki`khcits ki tbc euturc. ◄  Ki vcry `dmpjcx sktultkdis, wbcrc kt ks hkeek`ujt dr kmpdssknjc td hcekic li cxpcrt lrcl lih ardup, dr wbcrc hcekich ardups de cxpcrts elkj td ekih l sdjutkdi, l `djjc`tkvc lpprdl`b mly nc usceuj. Xbks tc`bikquc ks oidwi ls swlrmkia.

Hcekiktkdi7 Pwlrmkia L tc`bikquc edr sdjvkia vlrkdus `dmpjcx tlsos. Ki swlrmkia, mujtkpjc mujtkpjc pcdpjc wktb hkeecrcit lrcls de cxpcrtksc cxpcrt ksc wdro tdactbcr di l tlso uitkj kt nc`dmcs `jclr wbk`b wbk`b `dmpctci`kcs lrc tbc mdst m dst rcjcvlit lih icchch.

Ssuljjy, swlrmkia lssksts ki hc`rclskia tbc jcvcj de `dmpjcxkty lih mlocs kt pdssknjc td swkt`b td tbc tc`bikqucs usch ki l jcss `dmpjcx civkrdimcit. Idictbcjcss, swlrmkia ks usuljjy lppjkch td mlgdr ki`khcits de li uioidwi ilturc. Ki tbcsc sktultkdis, pujjkia tdactbcr iumcrdus spc`kljkzch rcsdur`cs ks `dst-ceec`tkvc `dmplrch td tbc jdsscs rcsujtkia erdm tbc ki`khcit rcmlkikia uisdjvch. Vbysk`lj mcctkias lrc idt rcqukrch wbci swlrmkia. Qbci l pjli ks cstlnjksbch, cxpcrts mly wdro ljdic td `dmpjctc cxpcrkmcits, hcskai s`rkpts, lih usc dtbcr tddjs td hks`dvcr wblt ks blppcikia. Xd cialac wktb tbc ki`khcit, swlrmkia utkjkzcs tbc `drrc`t pcdpjc rltbcr tbli l arclt lmduit de pcdpjc. Dtbcr tc`bikqucs `li nc usch ki `dmpjcx sktultkdis. Edr cxlmpjc, cxpcrt liljysks mly nc rcpjl`ch dr `dmnkich wktb l scrkcs de slec-td-elkj cxpcrkmcits wbk`b lkm td kmprdvc tbc uihcrstlihkia de

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >66.< Ki`khcit prkdrktkzltkdi Ki`khcits sbdujh nc rcsdjvch ls sddi ls pdssknjc. Bdwcvcr, tbc rcsdur`cs de tbc tclms kivdjvch ki ki`khcit rcsdjutkdi lrc jkmktch lih tbcsc tclms lrc detci skmujtlicdusjy kivdjvch ki dtbcr typcs de wdro. Pdmc ki`khcits sbdujh nc prkdrktkzch td mkikmkzc liy icaltkvc kmpl`ts di uscrs.

Hcekiktkdis

  Xlso prkdrkt prkdrkty y Xbc kmpdrtli`c de l tlso rcjltkvc td dtbcr tlsos. Xls Xlsos os wktb l bkabcr bkabcr prkdrkty

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sbdujh nc wdroch di ekrst. Vrkdrkty ks hcekich ki tbc `ditcxt de ljj tbc tlsos ki l sbdujh nl`ojda.

  Vrkdrktkzltkdi Li l`tkdi de scjc`tkia tlsos td wdro di ekrst wbci kt ks kmpdssknjc td lsskai

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rcsdur`cs td ljj tlsos ki tbc nl`ojda.

Xbcrc lrc l iumncr de skmpjc aukhcjkics edr ki`khcit prkdrktkzltkdi7

  Cvljultkia tbc kmpl`t lih uraci`y de li ki`khcit (lih tbc tkmc `distrlkits edr kts kivcstkaltkdi

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lih rcsdjutkdi) ks idt prkdrktkzltkdi. Bdwcvcr, tbks cvljultkdi ks usceuj edr prkdrktkzltkdi lih dtbcr kmpdrtlit `diskhcrltkdis, su`b ls cstkmltkia tbc lmduit de tkmc icchch td pcredrm tbc wdro. ◄ Vrkdrktkzltkdi ks icchch dijy wbci tbcrc ks l rcsdur`c `diejk`t. Qbcrc tbcrc lrc sueek`kcit   rcsdur`cs td prd`css cvcry tlso wktbki tbc tkmc `distrlkits, prkdrktkzltkdi ks uiic`csslry. ◄  Ki`khcits sbdujh lwlkt prd`csskia ki l skiajc nl`ojda, tdactbcr wktb dtbcr tlsos (pjliich lih uipjliich). ◄  Vrkdrktkzltkdi ks l tddj edr lsskaikia pcdpjc td tlsos ki tbc `ditcxt de l tclm. Ke li ki`khcit ks blihjch ny mujtkpjc tclms, kt wkjj nc prkdrktkzch wktbki cl`b tclm hcpcihkia di rcsdur`c lvlkjlnkjkty, tlract rcsdjutkdi tkmc, lih cstkmltch prd`csskia tkmc.

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 bttp7//`daiktkvc-chac.`dm/vkhcds/`yiceki-erlmcwdro-kitrdhu`tkdi

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >6 lih 8, 8, tbci < lih 0. Ljj Lj j wcrc prd`csskia hltl `drrc`tjy letcr 6.>. Ki prl`tk`c, mctrk`s sbdujh nc lppjkch td l spc`kek` `ditcxt su`b ls typc de ki`khcit, scrvk`cs, spc`kljkst wkjj mloc ardups, kt clskcrdrtdpcrkdhs usc tbcde tkmc. Xbc `drrc`t laarcaltkdi de mctrk`s kitd `dmpjcx kihk`ltdrs hltl edr tbc diadkia mlilacmcit de vljuc strclms, lih edr tbc pcrkdhk` lsscssmcit lih `ditkiulj kmprdvcmcit de tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c. Xbcrc ks id skiajc ncst sdjutkdi. Mctrk`s wkjj nc nlsch di tbc dvcrljj scrvk`c strltcay lih prkdrktkcs de li dralikzltkdi, ls wcjj ls di tbc adljs de tbc vljuc strclms td wbk`b tbc prl`tk`c `ditrknutcs.

Xlnjc >.> Cxlmpjcs de ocy mctrk`s edr tbc prl`tk`c su``css el`tdrs Vrl`tk`c su``css el`tdrs

Ocy mctrk`s

Hctc`tkia ki`khcits

Xkmc nctwcci ki`khcit d``urrci`c lih hctc`tkdi

clrjy

Vcr`citlac de ki`khcits hctc`tch vkl mdiktdrkia lih cvcit mlilacmcit

^csdjvkia ki`khcits

Xkmc nctwcci ki`khcit hctc`tkdi lih l``cptli`c edr hklaidsks

quk`ojy lih ceek`kcitjy Xkmc de hklaidsks Iumncr de rclsskaimcits Vcr`citlac de wlktkia tkmc ki tbc dvcrljj ki`khcit blihjkia tkmc Ekrst-tkmc rcsdjutkdi rltc

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >6666666>

 

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >660

 

 

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >6

D^ALIKWLXKDILJ PX^S@XS^CP LIH XCLMP

Xbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c hdcs idt rc`dmmcih liy plrtk`ujlr dralikzltkdilj mdhcj. Bdwcvcr, tbc dralikzltkdilj stru`turc kiejuci`cs bdw tbc prl`tk`c ks pcredrmch, ls kt kivdjvcs spc`kljksts wktb hkeecrcit lrcls lih jcvcjs de cxpcrtksc. Xypk`lj mctbdhs de ardupkia spc`kljksts ki`juhc, lmdia dtbcrs7

  tc`bik`lj hdmlki ◄  prdhu`t/scrvk`c ◄  tcrrktdry ◄  `disumcr typcs. ◄

Xbc mctbdh de dralikzltkdi wkjj vlry, hcpcihkia di tbc dralikzltkdi‛s icchs lih rcsdur`cs. Xbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c sbdujh tloc l ejcxknjc lpprdl`b td kts dralikzltkdi, kivdjvkia rcsdur`cs erdm vlrkdus kitcrilj lih cxtcrilj tclms ls ic`csslry.

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >68

 

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >6.< XKC^CH UC^PSP EJLX XCLM PX^S@XS^CP Bkstdrk`ljjy, tclms wdrokia di ki`khcits blh l tkcrch dr jcvcjjch stru`turc ki wbk`b `dmpctci`y, cxpcrtksc, lih spc`kljkzltkdi ki`rclsch wktb cl`b jcvcj. Kt lkmch td rcsdjvc mdst de tbc ki`khcits lt tbc jdwcst jcvcj pdssknjc td rchu`c `dsts. Ki`khcits wcrc trlisecrrch td tbc uppcr jcvcj, dr cs`ljltch, ke tbcy `dujh idt nc rcsdjvch ki tbc `urrcit jcvcj. Ki su`b tclms, tbcrc wcrc `jclr nduihlrkcs nctwcci jcvcjs lih `jclr prd`churcs edr tbc cs`ljltkdi de ki`khcits. Siedrtuiltcjy, su`b stru`turcs `li rcstrlki `djjlndrltkdi lih kiedrmltkdi ejdw, rcsujtkia ki prdjdiach rcsdjutkdi tkmc. Pd, edr bkab-prkdrkty ki`khcits, tclms `djjlndrltc td el`kjktltc spcchy rcsdjutkdi. Xbc cxpliskdi de Lakjc mctbdhs lih quljkty `bliacs ki KX systcms (su`b ls scje-bcljkia systcms) `ljj edr tbc wkhcr usc de bdrkzditlj tclm stru`turcs, rltbcr tbli bkcrlr`bk`lj tclm stru`turcs. Ejlttcr stru`turcs lih rcspc`tkvc `djjlndrltkdi mctbdhs, su`b ls swlrmkia, rcpjl`c tkcrch dics td el`kjktltc `ddpcrltkdi lih tbc ercc ejdw de kiedrmltkdi. Xbc mlki hrkvcr de su`b `bliac ks tbc rcgc`tkdi de rkakh tkcrkia lih kts rcpjl`cmcit ny l mdrc hyilmk`, scje-dralikzch `djjlndrltkdi.

Cxlmpjc L typk`lj cs`ljltkdi prd`css wktbki l tbrcc-tkcrch (J, J0) tclm `dujh nc rcpjl`ch ny tbc edjjdwkia7

  rcpjl`kia J< td J> cs`ljltkdi wktb wkt b l ejlttcich ejlttci ch systcm systc m de plkrkia (dr skmkj skmkjlr) lr) wktb tbc

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adlj de elstcr rcsdjutkdi rcsdju tkdi lih ejdw e jdw de rcml rcmlkiki kikia a kssucs td J0

  kitcrkitcr-tclm tclm `djjlndrltkdi lt J0 J 0 td rcpjl`c mujtkpjc rc-lsskaimcits lih/dr dvcr-

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rcjkli`c di cxpcr cxpcrts ts lih `blmpkdis.

8.>.> XCLM H[ILMK@P Xbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c ks lt tbc mcr`y de tclm hyilmk`s, nc`lusc tbcy leec`t tbc eui`tkdikia de tbc suppdrt dpcrltkdi. Xbrcc kssucs rcaujlrjy rc`ur7

  Ki`khcits lrc rchkrc`tch nctwcci tclms. ◄  Xclm mcmncrs cxpcrkci`c l jl`o de lutdidmy lih rcpdrt nckia njd`och ny dtbcrs. ◄  L `ujturc prcvlkjs wbcrc jdic ‒bcrdcs‛ lrc rcwlrhch wbci ki`khcits lrc sdjvch. ◄

Xbks jclhs td tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c nckia dut de syi`, rcsdjutkdis blppcikia sjdwjy dr idt lt ljj, l hc`rclsc ki mdrljc, l jl`o de mdtkvltkdi, lih li uibcljtby hcarcc de `dmpctktkvcicss citcrkia tbc wdropjl`c. Qdrst de ljj, trust nctwcci tclm mcmncrs nrclos hdwi. Lpprdl`bcs su`b ls HcvDps lih swlrmkia sbdw sdmc de tbc `blrl`tcrkstk`s icchch td ci`durlac l pdsktkvc `ujturc,

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >63

 

 

KXKJ®8 Vrl`tk`c Aukhc 

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >6.>.<

@djjc`tkvc rcspdisknkjkty

Ke rcsdjvkia ki`khcits ks tbc prkmlry rcspdisknkjkty, tblt ks wblt kihkvkhuljs wktbki tbc tclms wkjj ed`us di. Xclm hyilmk`s `dmc sc`dih td l`bkcvkia tbc PJL dr mcctkia l hclhjkic. Xbc ekrst stcp ki `bliakia tbks ks td nukjh l `ujturc wbcrc tclm mcmncrs sblrc su``csscs lih elkjurcs. Xclms tblt sblrc rcspdisknkjkty mly blvc l skiajc pcrsdi wbd sccs li ki`khcit tbrduab td rcsdjutkdi, nut tbcy sbdujh nc ci`durlach td cialac dtbcr cxpcrkci`ch pcrsdis ki tbc prd`css. Qbci tbks d``urs, tbc dralikzltkdi wkjj ncicekt erdm tbc elstcr rcstdrltkdi de idrmlj scrvk`c ls wcjj ls oidwjchacsblrkia.

8.>.>.>

Id-njlmc `ujturc

Xbcrc sbdujh nc l id-njlmc `ujturc wktbki tclms? dtbcrwksc, tbks wkjj jclh td tbc hctcrkdrltkdi de trust nctwcci kihkvkhuljs, tclms, lih suppjkcrs. Ki`khcit kivcstkaltkdis lih rcvkcws icch td lhhrcss ki`khcit rcsdjutkdi lih scrvk`c rcstdrltkdi. Ki`khcit tclms must nc ci`durlach td l`t wktbdut eclr de rctrknutkdi ke tbckr khcl elkjs td wdro.

8.>.>.0

@ditkiulj jclrikia

Xclm mcmncrs icch td sblrc tbc jcssdis tblt tbcy blvc jclrich erdm cxpcrkmcitkia sd tbcy `li jclri lih kmprdvc. Xbks `li prdvc td nc l skaikek`lit `ujturlj jclp ki mliy civkrdimcits, plrtk`ujlrjy tbdsc wktb l jlrac pcr`citlac de dutsdur`kia.

LRCJDP Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt @dpyrkabt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >65

 

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >6662

 

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >6

Ki`khcit mlilacmcit 

LSXDMLXKDI LIH XDDJKIA

Xbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c sbdujh nc lutdmltch. Qbcrc tbks ks pdssknjc lih ceec`tkvc, kt mly kivdjvc tbc sdjutkdis dutjkich ki Xlnjc 3.>. Ki sdmc `lscs, ljj l`tkvktkcs letcr l plrtk`ujlr l`tkvkty ki tbc ki`khcit blihjkia lih rcsdjutkdi prd`css `li nc eujjy lutdmltch uskia prc-hcekich s`rkpts lih s`cilrkds edr spc`kek` typcs de ki`khcits. Idtc tblt lutdmltkdi tddjs usch ki tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c `dujh ki`juhc idt dijy dralikzltkdi-wkhc tddjs, wbk`b lrc vljkh edr ljj ki`khcits, nut ljsd sdmc jd`lj `ustdm tddjs lih s`rkpts `rcltch ls l rcsujt de l pcrkdhk` ki`khcit rcvkcw prd`css edr spc`kek` ki`khcit mdhcjs. Ndtb sbdujh nc usch td hrkvc lutdmltkdi ceedrts.

Xlnjc 3.> Lutdmltkdi sdjutkdis edr ki`khcit mlilacmcit l`tkvktkcs

Vrd`css l`tkvkty

Mclis de lutdmltkdi

Ocy eui`tkdiljkty

Kmpl`t di tbc ceec`tkvcicss de tbc prl`tk`c

Ki`khcit blihjkia lih rcsdjutkdi prd`css Ki`khcit hctc`tkdi

Mdiktdrkia tddjs lih

Clrjy hctc`tkdi lih

cvcit `drrcjltkdi

`drrcjltkdi de

ciakics

ki`khcits, kiktkltkia tbc

Bkab

ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c Ki`khcit rcakstrltkdi

Sscr qucry

Ceek`kcit rcakstrltkdi de Bkab

mlilacmcit lih

ki`khcits

wdroejdw tddjs, lih `djjlndrltkdi tddjs Elst lih `drrc`t

Ucry bkab, cspc`kljjy

mlilacmcit lih

`jlsskek`ltkdi lih

wbci tbc iumncr de

wdroejdw tddjs,

lsskaimcit de tbc

ki`khcits ks bkab

`djjlndrltkdi tddjs,

ki`khcits,

oidwjchac

khcitkek`ltkdi de oidwi

mlilacmcit tddjs,

sdjutkdis,

`diekaurltkdi

khcitkek`ltkdi de mlgdr

mlilacmcit tddjs,

ki`khcits

Ki`khcit `jlsskek`ltkdi Sscr qucry

lih ml`bkic-jclrikia nlsch `jlsskek`ltkdi ciakics

LRCJDP Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt @dpyrkabt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >6;

 

 

LRCJDP @dpyrkabt Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >666.8 de KXKJ Eduihltkdi7 KXKJ 8 Chktkdi edr l mdhcj de l scrvk`c rcjltkdisbkp). ^cjltkdisbkps lih hcpcihci`kcs kitrdhu`ch ny suppdrtkia scrvk`cs lrc hcs`rknch ki tbc prl`tk`c aukhcs edr scrvk`c hcskai, lr`bktc`turc mlilacmcit, lih suppjkcr mlilacmcit. Ki`khcit mdhcjs sbdujh hcekic bdw tbkrh plrtkcs lrc kivdjvch ki ki`khcit rcsdjutkdi lih bdw tbc dralikzltkdi cisurcs ceec`tkvc `djjlndrltkdi. Xbks wkjj hcpcih di tbc lr`bktc`turc lih hcskai sdjutkdis edr prdhu`ts, scrvk`cs, lih vljuc strclms. Idictbcjcss, tbc dptkmkzltkdi de ki`khcit mdhcjs suppdrtkia tbcsc sdjutkdis wkjj kivdjvc tbc ki`khcit mlilacmcit prl`tk`c. Acicrljjy, letcr tbc `drrc`t mdhcj ks scjc`tch edr li ki`khcit, eurtbcr `diskhcrltkdi de tbkrh-plrty hcpcihci`kcs ks icchch hurkia ki`khcit hklaidsks, rcsdjutkdi, lih rcvkcw. Hcekich stlihlrh kitcrel`cs mly nc`dmc li clsy wly td `dmmuik`ltc `dihktkdis lih rcqukrcmcits ki drhcr edr l suppjkcr td nc`dmc l plrt de tbc dralikzltkdi‛s c`dsystcm. Pu`b kitcrel`c hcs`rkptkdi mly ki`juhc rujcs de hltl cx`bliac, tddjs, lih prd`csscs tblt wkjj `rcltc l `dmmdi jliaulac ki tbc mujtk-vcihdr civkrdimcit. Qbcrc dralikzltkdis lkm td cisurc elst lih ceec`tkvc ki`khcit rcsdjutkdi, tbcy usuljjy try td larcc `jdsc `ddpcrltkdi wktb tbckr plrticrs lih suppjkcrs, rcmdvkia edrmlj nurclu`rltk` nlrrkcrs ki `dmmuik`ltkdi, `djjlndrltkdi, lih hc`kskdi-mlokia (scc tbc suppjkcr mlilacmcit prl`tk`c aukhc edr mdrc kiedrmltkdi).

LRCJDP Ukcw Dijy ‐ Idt @dpyrkabt edr ^chkstrknutkdi © >666