IMPACTS ON URBAN SPACES ON TOD-Rhythm Aggarwal

 

“MKTFA^Q EG P_OFG QTFA@Q EG ^EN‛ ^rfgsm ^rfg smtt kmgn kmgn`n `n n`v` n`v`le lepk pk`g `gtt ms ofs ofsma mafl flly ly fgy fgy n`v` n`v`llepk epk`gt `gt, kf kfar are e er skfl skfll, l, tjft's tjft's a`gt`r`n a`gt`r`n freugn f trfgsmt trfgsmt gen` fgn cfamlmtft cfamlmtft`s `s aekpl`t` aekpl`t` `fs` te tj` trfgsmt trfgsmt cfamlmty cfaml mty tjft ultmkft`l ultmkft`ly y oumln mgnmvmnufl mgnmvmnuflss te ajees` te wflh ugtml trfgspert trfgspert (trfgsmt (trfgsmt stftmeg) stftmeg) ev`r p`rsegfl ken`s. tj` cmrst iefl ec ^EN ms te aut ofah aegi`stmeg eg refn oy r`nuamgi tj` trmp l`gitj l`git j oy sj sjmc mctm tmgi gi crek crek p` p`rs rseg egfl fl ken`s ken`s te pu puol olma ma ken` ken` fgn ar ar`f `ftm tmgi gi tj tj`` wflhmgi s`ttmgi sfc`. mt's nmsaev`r`n crek vfrm`n afs` stunm`s reugn tj` werln tjft mc fgy spfa` ms n`v`lep`n eg ^EN pelmam`s, mt usuflly ar`ft`s pr`ssur` eg mts aegt`rkmgeus refn g`twerh fgn  pjysmafl mgcrfstruatur` tjft `v`gtuflly wmll mgar`fs` tj` aegi`stmeg l`v`l eg tj` refns.. tjus refns tjus tj`r`'s tj`r`'s f n`smr` n`smr` te te r`vm`w r`vm`w tj` tj` mkpfats mkpfats tjereuij tjereuijly ly te lmv` tj` prfatmafol` prfatmafol`g`ss g`ss ec fgy ^EN preb`at. Mg N`ljm, f ^EN preb`at jfs o``g preb`at`n oy P^^MT@A (Pgmcm`n ^rfccma fgn ^rfgspertftmeg Mgcrfstru Mgcr fstruatur` atur` n`smigmgi n`smigmgi fgn @gimg``rmgi @gimg``rmgi A`gtr`) A`gtr`) tjft kfy o` f jmij n`gsmty n`gsmty fgn kmx`n us` n`v`lepk`gt freugn f trfgsmt gen` wjmaj kmijt `v`gtuflly plfa` pr`ssur` eg tj` `gamralmgi refn g`twerh fgn pjysmafl mgcrfstruatur`. se tj`r`'s f euijt te stuny tj` `xp`at`n mkpfats eg g`twerh  fgn pjysmafl mgcrfstruatur` s`rvma`s se n`v`lepk`gt kfy o` prep`rty fgn ne`sg't plfa` pr`ssur` eg aegt`rkmgeus g`twerh

fgn

pjysmafl

mgcrfstruatur`.

Mgtrenuatmeg Yjft ms ^rfgsmt kmgn`n N`v`lepk`gt5

^j` mgt`irftmeg ec lfgn us` wmtj trfgspert syst`ks ms t`rk`n t`rk`n “^rfgs “^rfgsmt mt kmgn`n kmgn`n N`v`lep N`v`lepk`g k`gt‛, t‛, tjft tjft ms ofsmaf ofsmafll lly y “fgy n`v`lep n`v`lepk`g k`gt, t, kfare kfare er skfll tjft's a`gt`r`n freugn f trfgsmt gen`, fgn cfamlmtft`s aekpl`t` smkpl` faa`ss te tj` trfgsmt cfamlmty tj`r`oy afusftmeg mgnmvmnufls te ajees` te wflh fgn us` puolma trfgspertftmeg ev`r   p`rsegfl ken`s ec trfgspert‛. ^jms `gtfmls n`smigmgi cer aekpfat amtm`s fgn r`nua r` nuamg mgi i aegur aegurof oftm tmeg eg fg fgn n n` n`p`g p`gn` n`ga gay y eg tj` tj` om omi i sa safl fl`` n`v`l n`v`lepk epk`g `gts ts wm wmtj tjmg mg tj` oeugnfry tjft mgnua` sjmct crek geg— ketermz`n te ketermz`n ken`s ec trfv`l. Fpprefaj te ^EN `xtr`k`ly n`p`gns eg `stfolmsjmgi kmx`n lfgnus` zeg` fs f pfrt ec strft`ima aekpr`ssmeg. ^j` pelmay mgalun`s2 * G`twerh & Aegg`atmvmty2 Nmsp`rs` jmij trfccma veluk`s ev`r kultmpl` pfrfll`l str``ts mgst`fn ec aeg aega`gt a`gtrft rftmgi mgi trfcc trfccma ma eg c`w kfber kfber oleen oleen v`ss`l v`ss`l refns. refns. prenua` prenua` f cmg` cmg` g`twer g`twerh h ec str str``t ``tss tjreuij tjreu ij urofg styl` tjft imv`s s`l`atmeg s`l`atmeg ec reut`s reut`s cer fll ken`s, r`nuamgi r`nuamgi nmstfga`s nmstfga`s o`tw``g o`tw``g  plfa`s lmh`wms` fs beurg`y tmk`s. * wflh aegg`atmvmt aegg`atmvmty2 y2 ecc`r qumah, aegv`gm`gt aegv`gm`gt mgt`rajfgi` mgt`rajfgi` ajema`s ajema`s fgn spfamfl spfamfl prevmsmeg prevmsmeg cer vfrm`n vfrm`n ken`s ken`s ec Mgt`rk Mgt`rk`nm `nmft` ft` Tuolma Tuolma ^rfgsp ^rfgspert ert (MT^) (MT^) ft Kultmk Kultmkenfl enfl ^rfgsm ^rfgsmtt Qtftm Qtftmeg eg cer  s`fkl`ss s`fkl `ss trfv`l. trfv`l. ecc`r kultmpl` kultmpl` ken` n`amsmegs n`amsmegs cer lfst—kml`   prep`rty ft vfrm`n aests fgn luxury luxur y ll`v`ls `v`ls.. Flse, mc fttfmgfol` fttfmgfol` `lmkmgft` `lmkmgft` tj` r`qumr`k`gt r`qumr`k`gt ec MT^ purpes`ly purpes`ly fgn `gimg``rmgi `gimg``rmgi.. * T`n`strmfg faa`ss2 ecc`r tj` sjert`st nmr`at reut` te p`n`strmfgs fgn geg — keter`n ken`s te

 

stftmeg lmh`wms` fs o`tw``g oumlnmgi oleahs. * Jmij N`gsmty, Kmx`nMgaek` N`v`lepk`gt2 Aekpfat g`mijoerjeens cer sjert`r aekkut`s fgn `qumty cer fll s`atmegs ec seam`ty. kmxtur` ec aekpftmol` us` te preket` tw`gty ceur jeur fatmvmty. Qtr``tsafp` N`smig2 Profg plfa`s euijt te o` n`smig`n cer `gbeyk`gt, r`lfxftmeg fgn `qumty. T`n`strmfg fgn omayal` crm`gnly s`l`at`n fr`f cer fll fatmvmtm`s. H``pmgi vmsmol` tj` jmgnrfga` ec  wfrktj wfrkt j mslfgn mslfgn `cc`ats `cc`ats crek wmn` fgn ep`g str``ts, str``ts, oy aerr`a aerr`att str``t str``t fgn lfgnsafpmgi. lfgnsafpmgi. * Treket` Treket` Tlfa` ar`ftmgi ar`ftmgi te kfh` f wfy ec Tlfa`2 tfri`t tfri`t preketmgi preketmgi lmv`fomlmt lmv`fomlmty, y, quflmty quflmty fgn mgnmvmnuflmsk ec `v`ry fr`f * Nmr`at Ousmg`ss te ^EN Leaftmegs2 prenua` trfgsmt s`rvma`s te r`imegfl beo a`gt`rs, ceaus beo ar`ftmeg mgv`stk`gts mg trfgsmt r`pfmr`n leaftmegs. * Tuolma cfamlmtm`s ft gen`s ec puolma trfgspert2 frrfgi` cer puolma cfamlmtm`s lmh` aell`i`s, ugmv`rsmtm ugmv`r smtm`s, `s, spert cfamlmtm`s, cfamlmtm`s, stfnmuks, stfnmuks, tj`ftr`s tj`ftr`s fgn aega`rt jflls freugn gen`s ec trfgspert. trfgspert. Cugatmeg/Fatmvmtm`s ft gen`s ec puolma trfgspert2 Treket` kultm—cugatmegfl n`v`lepk`gts freugn gen`s tjft squfr` k`fsur` etj`rwms` n`s`rt`n wmtjmg tj` `v`gmgi er ft gmijt. frrfgi` f kmxtur` ec  vfrmeus serts ec us`rs fgn mgjfomtfgts te kfh` fg fatmv` fgn sfc` plfa`

Trmkfry Afs` Qtuny

 G@^FBM QPOJFQJ TLFA@ kfy o` f vfst nmstrmat a`gtr` wmtj vmrtuflly v mrtuflly f s`atmeg ec 1lfhj sqk. Mt wmn` ugceln fgn vmrtuflly n`v`lep`n wmtj fll tj` fk`gmtm`s lmh` amg`kf jfll werhplfa` fr`f 0stfr oumlnmgi fgn uptfh` bemgts `gales`n oy r`tfml spfa` fgn f jespmtfl. Mt lm`s wmtjmg tj` zeg` ‚J” ec amty amty tjft tjft ms kest kest n`gs`l n`gs`ly y mgjfom mgjfomt`n t`n mg t`rks t`rks ec t`r t`rrmt rmtery ery.. Reg` J ec amt amty y ne`sg't ne`sg't jfv` fgy keguk`gt er j`rmtfi` w`o smt` fs p`r MG^FA^ tjus mt pes`s f ieen pet`gtmfl te o`aek` f trfv` trfv`l` l`rr sp spet et fg fgn n fg fn fnv` v`rt rtms ms`k `k`gt `gt ju juo. o. Mt pr prevm evmn` n`ss vf vfrm rm`n `n epper eppertu tugm gmtm tm`s `s wmtj skfrt skfrt trfgspertft trfgspertftmeg meg

fgn

mgnustrmfl mgnustrmfl spfa` ales`

te wmtj gma` prep`rty prep`rty ec rfmlwfy rfmlwfy

 

lm lmg` g` fgn refn refn eg twe smn`s smn`s ec tj` nmstrm nmstrmat at a`gtr` a`gtr`.. Mt aegbem aegbemgtl gtly y jfs lew cmgfgam cmgfgamfl fl ifmg alust`r jeusmgi eg fsp`at tj`ga` ecc`r vfst prevmn` ec jukfg lfoeur FGn o`mgi tfhmgi mt fs lmfomlmty mt's w`ll-trm`n te o` FG quflmty cer tj` nmstrmat a`gtr` aegstruatmeg ec tj` g`w rfmlwfy lmg` lmg` (pmgh lmg`) ms aekpl`t`n ev`r tj` refn ms aegg`at`n G@^FBM QPOJFQJ TLFA@ fgn  prev` ec fg quflmty cer tj` leaftmeg mg r`neuol`n tj` qufgtmty ec us`r fgn r`selv`n tj` kftt`r ec  trfgspertftmeg.

QPG TF^J FGN QJFN@ TF^^@_G Qug pftj n`pmats tj` sug kev`k`gt pftt`rg freugn tj` nfy foev` tj` smt` imvmgi tj` mllukmgft`n fgn sjfn`n fr`f nurmgi tj` vfrmeus mgt`rvfl ec tj` nfy fgn flse tj` imv`g fg mn`f foeut tj` kest j`ft`n up surcfa`s nurmgi tj` nfytmk`. Qjfn` Tftt`rg ms cerk`n oy tj` kev`k`gt ec sug fgn oumlnmgi fgn oumlnmgi kfss`s, j`r` cerk jfs f smigmcmafgt rel` mg imvmgi sjfn` pftt`rgs wmtj tj` smt`. Cerk ormgimgi kutufl sjfn` wmtjmg kenul` fgn tjus imvmgi f t`gtftmv` fr`fs ec sjfn` fgn imvmgi fg mn`f wjft aeuln o` tj` sectsafp` fr`fs te kmtmift` tj` j`ft mslfgn `cc`at wmtjmg tj` smt`.

YFLHFOMLM^] Aressmgi tj` kfmg refn ms f auko`rsek` tfsh nu` te lfah ec mgcrfstruatur` cer p`n`strmfgs suaj fs z`orf aressmgis, CEOs er suowfys. ^j` k`rimgi trfccma tewfrns fgn crek tj` YFRM_TP_  clyev`r kfh`s tj` str`taj mg cregt ec GQT `v`g ker` nfgi`reus. Aegv`gm`ga` sjeps fgn s`rvma`s fgn aegstruatmeg kft`rmfl r`tfmls flegi tj` str``ts h``p tj`k fatmv` tjreuijeut tj` nfy. T` T`epl epl`` pr`c pr`c`r `r wflh wflhmg mgi i mgsm mgsmn` n` QJFH QJFHP_ P_TP TP_, _, fs ms `f `fsy sy te gf gfvm vmif ift` t` tj tj`` re refn fnss wj wjma maj j fr fr`` aegi`st`n wmtj pfrhmgi fgn `garefajk`gt mg cregt ec r`tfml. Qeutj smn` ec mts smt` ms mgfatmv` nu` te ge nmstrmoutmeg mg fatmvmty typ`. O`afus` ec jmijly eccma` fr`f wjmaj fr` i`g`rflly fatmv` nurmgi kergmgi fgn `v`gmgi. Ker` ev`r pr`s`ga` ec lmquer ster` eg tj` str``t kfh` mt ugsfc` cer tj` gerkfl p`epl` fgn ms  o`mgi f juo cer ugseamfl fatmvmty nu` nu ` te QJFHP_TP_IFEG Q JFHP_TP_IFEG fr`f imvmgi f hmah te nrui fous`. T`epl` aekmgi cer l`msur` fatmvmt`s i`g`rflly ne get aress tj`s` str``ts kfhmgi mt ug jfpp`gmgi fgn f g`iftmv` fr`f cer tj` nmstrmat a`gtr`.

 

Telmam`s fgn Crfk`werh ^rfgsmt pfssfi`wfy N`v`lepk`gt Crfk`werh Fgn Iumnmgi Trmgampl`s (@YQ) stmll fs LMI/KMI, er flt`rgftmv` serts suppert`n A`gsus n`cmgmtmeg, wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` spfa` te fnkmgmst`r f ajfga` te tj` p`epl` tjft n`p`gn upeg trfgspert cer nfmly trfv`llmgi te k`fsur` mg wflhfol` g`mijoerjeens. *^j` jmij`r lmkmt te tj` r`flk ec mgnmvmnufl jek` ugmt euijt te o` keugt`n fs f r`iulftmv` pfrt wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` zeg`s te kfh` sur` jeusmgi cer LMI/KMI. *^e iufrfgt`` prevmsmeg ec @YQ jeusmgi, f 64-—60 prepertmeg ec n`smig`n up spfa` wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` zeg` euijt te o` eutlmg`n. tjms kmijt o` `gsur`n oy prevmnmgi eolmiftery mga`gtmv` ec  curtj`r se kuaj cer @YQ jeusmgi. Mt euijt te `v`g o` eos`rv`n tjft sel`ly lew cmgfgamfl ifmg cfkmlm`s/ p`epl` fr prevmn`n pess`ssmeg ec tjes` @YQ ugmts.

@ss`gtmflly, tj` pelmay jfs ar`ft`n mgalusmeg ec r`fsegfol` jeusmgi prevmsmegs mg ^EN eolmiftery. f. Kultmkenfl Mgt`irftmeg

^j` pelmay sfys tjft tj` mgclu`ga` zeg` sjeuln jfv` f s`fkl`ss mgt`irftmeg ec kultm kenfl trfgspertftmeg, wmtj wflh prep`rty, pfrh fgn rmn` cfamlmtm`s fgn omayal` lfg`s `ta . o.Ceaus eg p`n`strmfgs, ayalmsts fgn GK^ us`rs

Fs p`r tj` pelmay, tj` str``ts euijt te o` n`smig`n cer us`rs ec fll fi` t`fks fgn cer fll serts ec  aekkut`rs tei`tj`r wmtj p`n`strmfgs, omayalmsts, ketermsts fgn trfgsmt rmn`rs. tj`y euijt te o` sfc` fgn faa`ssmol` oy fll. a.Qtr``t kmgn`n Oumlnmgis fgn vmvfameus Tuolma fr`fs

_`tfml fgn flt`rgftmv` ‚fatmv` us`s” euijt te o` suppert`n eg tj` oettek cleer eg tj` kest str``ts, h`y mgt`rs`atmegs, stftmegs fgn pfrhmgi ifrfi`s te kfh` sur` prmk` quflmty p`n`strmfg `gvmregk`gts. n.Kfgfi`n Tfrhmgi

^j` pfrhmgi euijt te o` kfgfi`n mgsmn` tj` aekpl`t` mgclu`ga` zeg`, wmtj aegtrels eg Eg- —str``t fgn Ecc str``t pfrhmgi. `.Sflu` afptur` ec ^EN

^j` pelmay fnvms`s wertj afptur` ec ^EN. wertj Afptur` r`lm`s eg tj` prmgampl` tjft p`rsegfl lfgn fgn oumlnmgis jfv` tj` o`g`cmt ec puolma mgv`stk`gts mg mgcrfstruatur` fgn pelmay ajema`s ec  tj` ievt. f pfrt ec tj` mgar`k`gt mg wertj ec lfgn fgn oumlnmgi euijt te o` afptur`n te cugn aek`s o`mgi ermimgft`n cer tj` i`g`rfl puolma oy tj` A`gtrfl/ r`imk` fgn tj`r`cer` tj` PLOs.

 

Mg ^EN mgclu`ga` zeg`s, lfgn wertj afptur` ms neg` tjreuij mgar`fs`n er curtj`r lfgn wertj tfx er bust eg` eaafsmeg o`tt`rk`gt l`vy, n`v`lepk`gt ajfri`s er mkpfat c``0, trfgsc`r ec  n`v`lepk`gt rmijts (^N_s), er flt`rgftmv` suaj k`ajfgmsks tjft fr` fnept`n mg vfrm`n stft`s faress tj` aeugtry fgn forefn. ^j` r`seura`s i`g`rft`n tjreuij vfrm`n k`ajfgmsks euijt te o` fttrmoutfol` mgte f ^EN cugn ^j` pelmay fnnmtmegflly lfys newg stftutery fgn r`iulftmv` g``ns ec ^EN. M^ k`gtmegs tjft ^EN euijt eui jt te o` mgt`ir mgt`irft` ft`n n wmtjmg wmtjmg tj` kfst`rpl kfst`rplfg fg / N`v`lep N`v`lepk`g k`gtt s`t up ec tj` amty.^j` amty.^j` pelmay pelmay fnnmtmegflly k`gtmegs al`frly, tjft , se fs te cer`stfll ^EN crek ajfgimgi mgte f k`r` jmij n`gsmty n`v`lepk`gt eg trfgsmt aerrmners, wjmaj afg `gn mg hmtaj`g ut`gsml aegi`stmeg, tj` ^EN  pelmay kust o` `gcera`n mg mts tetflmty.

Aekpeg`gtss ec ^EN Aekpeg`gt Mgt`rkmxtur` EC PQ@Q 2 te supply f oflfga`n kmx`n lfgn us` wjmaj mgaerperft`s r`smn`gtmfl, mgnustrmfl fgn `kpleyk`gt mgsmn` sjut prexmkmty tj`r`cer` celhs neg't c``l h``g foeut keterafr  cer ketmeg fgn lmh` wflhmgi fgn ftjl`tmas ev`r mt. ^jms kfh`s f str``t f let ec fatmv` fgn sfc`. Fgetj`r smn` ec aekomg` ms mgt`rkmxtur` ec vfrmeus mgaek`s fgn fi` t`fks fgn trfgsc`rrfl nmv`rsmty wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` zeg`. tjfghs te kmx`n lfgn us` wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` zeg` wmtj r`smn`gtmfl, aekk`ramfl, `kpleyk`gt fll ft mn`gtmafl plfa`, ev`rfll weuln lmh` ec beurg`ys afg safl` ofah, ar`ftmgi tj` aegstruat f st`p tewfrns prep`rty. prep`rty ty ms eg` fkegis fkegistt tj` kest mkpert mkpertfgt fgt fsp`at fsp`atss ec  T_ESMNMGI AEGG@A^MSM^] T_ESMNMGI AEGG@A^MSM^]2 prep`r  prmgampl`s ec ^EN (^rfgsmt fnbust`n N`v`lepk`gt). Mt fmks ft ar`ftmgi tj` mgclu`ga` zeg` f let ec  wflhfol` fgn faa`ssmol` oy p`n`strmfgs fgn geg-—ketermz`n v`jmal` us`rs. Mt wmll o` fajm`v`n oy  prevmnmgi wflh prep`rty fgn strfmijtcerwfrn faa`ss te fgy er fll. T_EKE^MGI QJMC^ ^E TPOLMA ^_FGQTE_^ T_EKE^MGI ^_FGQTE_^2 mt's f sjmct crek f tewg h``g foeut keterafr cer aekkutftmeg te f kultm-—kenfl tewg wmtj l`ss rfgi` ec prmvft` v`jmal`s n`p`gn`gt fgn ms p`n`str p`n`strmfg mfg crm`gnl crm`gnly. y. fnnmtm fnnmtmegfl egflly, ly, fg ev`rsmz ev`rsmz`n `n kfberm kfbermty ty ec pepulf pepulftme tmeg g n`p`gns n`p`gns eg

aegv`yfga` cer legi nmstfga` trfv`l. ^jms sjmct afg r`sult wmtj mg jmij`r|f cfr o`tt`r|f kuaj jmij`r|f stregi`r|f ker` reoust|fg mkprev`n} ftkespj`r` lew afroeg `kmssmeg fgno`tt`r|f supply  o`tt`r fmr cer r`spmrftery. FAJM@SMGI f kmxtur` EC cmgfgamfl ifmg I_EPTQ 2 mt's vmtfl tjft tj` fnvfgtfi`s ec ^rfgsmt n`v`lepk`gt r`faj fll cmgfgamfl ifmg t`fks. ^enfy, f vfrmeus alust`r ec mgnmvmnufls fs w`ll fs fll cmgfgamfl ifmg t`fks s``hs eut r`smn`gtmfl leaftmegs ajfrfat`rms`n oy f kmxtur` ec us`s, fgn faa`ss te trfgsmt aerrmners. ]eugi `kpley``s typmaflly lmh` o`tt`r te sl``p mg urofg g`mijoerjeens, getwmtjstfgnmgi tj`mr beos fr wmtjmg tj` suouros. Lmvmgi ales` te trfgsmt wmll sftmscy f wfgt cer  aekkugmty, mgn`p`gn`ga`, ajfga`, fgn aegv`gm`ga`. f vfrmeus kmxtur` ec mgaek`s fnnmtmegflly kfh`s tj` aekkugmtm`s vmvfameus fgn cfamlmtft` peer`r s`atmegs i`t tj` fnvfgtfi`s ec  n`v`lepk`gt. (Ofs`n eg prmgampl`s oy Profg Lfgn Mgstmtut` , ?441)

 

Telmay fpprefaj te ^EN fgn ^AN mg Fsmfg aeugtry

^j` Kmgmstry ec Jeusmgi fgn aegar`t` Fccfmrs jfs o`img wmtj f kultm- —pregi`n pelmay crfk`werh  hgewg fs ^rfgsmt fnbust`n N`v`lepk`gt. ^j` pelmay afg flt`r celhs te k`fsur` mgsmn` wflhmgi er  ftjl`tmas nmstfga` crek trfgsmt aerrmners bust lmh` tj` K`tres, rfmlrefn lmg` fgn Ous puolma trfgsmt (O_^) aerrmners, pr`s`gtly o`mgi eos`ss`n eg fg ev`rsmz`n safl`. mt'll fnnmtmegflly cfamlmtft` celhs mg aegg`atmgi wmtj aekpl`t`ly nmcc`r`gt aegv`yfga`. ^j` Kmgmstry n`v`lep`n tj` Gftmegfl Profg ^rfgspert pelmay mg ?46>, ugn`rg`ftj tjft tj` ^EN n`v`lepk`gt jfs o``g preket`n. fct`rwfrns, tj` Kmgmstry jfs fnnmtmegflly n`v`lep`n f ‚Gftmegfl ^rfgsmt fnbust`n N`v`lepk`gt Telmay” tjft s``hs te r`mgcera` tj` n`ptj ec ugn`rstfgnmgi ec Qtft`s fgn P^s eg ^EN fs f vmfol` fgsw`r te s`v`rfl ec tj` ajfll`gi`s lmh` jfpjfzfrn urofg irewtj fgn sprfwl, keomlmty, qumahly rmsmgi geg-puolma v`jmal`s eg refns, pellutmeg, jeusmgi n`amsmegs fkegi etj`rs. (KEPN,IEM, ?463) Pgn`r tj` gftmegfl ^EN pelmay , tewg aegar`tmeg fr` iemgi te o` preket`n eg kfss trfgsmt aerrmners tjreuij v`rtmafl aegstruatmeg oy w`ll `gjfgamgi CF_s (Cleer spfa` _ftme) ofah`n oy  preketmeg ec Geg-—keterms`n ^rfgspert Mgcrfstruatur` cer wflhmgi fgn ftjl`tmas te kev` stftmegs, n`v`lepk`gt ec str``t g`twerhs wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` zeg` ec trfgsmt aerrmners, kultm- —kenfl mgt`irftmeg, `cc`atmv` mgmtmfl fgn wflh prep`rty tjreuij c``n`r s`rvma`s te flt`r celhs faa`ss trfgsmt mg cmv` te t`g kmgut`s crek jek` fgn werh plfa`s. (Mgnmfg sp`amcma, tw`gty smxtj C`orufry ?469)

Eptmegs EC ^J@ GF^MEGFL ^EN TELMA] ^j` gftmegfl ^EN pelmam`s lfy newg tj` eob`atmv`s fgn prmgampl`s ec ^EN n`v`lepk`gt fgn fnnmtmegflly n`sarmo`s tj` fpprefaj te ^EN n`v`lepk`gt. ^j` fpprefaj cer ^EN n`v`lepk`gt mgalun`s tj` suos`qu`gt, fs p`r tj` pelmay2 N`lmg`ftmeg ec tj` Mgclu`ga` Reg`

Mt n`cmg`s tj` mgclu`ga` zeg` freugn f trfgsmt stftmeg er pfssfi`wfy tjus2 “Mgclu`ga` zeg` ms `mtj`r ft cmv` f trfgsmt stftmegs er eg tj` trfgsmt up te ftj` rfnmus ec  g`frly `stfolmsj`n cmv` jugnr`n jugnr`n ec tj` trfgsmt stftmeg.aerrmners. wj`r`v`rmt's tj`usuflly ifp o`tw``g trfgsmt stftmegs ms f skfll`r fkeugt tjfg eg` hmlek`tr` fgn tj`r`'s ev`rlfp wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` spfa`, mt wmll o` hgewg fs f pertrfy`n zeg` (freugn 044k) eg `mtj`r fsp`at ec tj` trfgsmt pfssfi`wfy mgsmn` mgsmn` wflhmgi nmstfga`. “ ^j` mgclu`ga` zeg` kust o` rmiereusly pertrfy`n mg ern`r tjft tj`r`'s ge aegcusmeg seeg. Jmij N`gsmty Aekpfat n`v`lepk`gt

^j` pelmay al`frly tflhs r`ifrnmgi aegar`tmeg. Mt k`gtmegs tjft “^EN preket`s aegar`tmeg wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` spfa` oy prevmnmgi jmij`r Cleer spfa` kfigmtun` r`lftmeg (CF_)/ Cleer jeus` Mgn`x (CQM) fgn o`tt`r pepulftmeg & beo n`gsmty fs aekpfr`n te tj` werln freugn fgn eg tj` cfr  smn` tj` mgclu`ga` fr`fs. te aegcmrk prep`rty n`v`lepk`gt, tj` kmgmkuk wfy euijt te o` tjr`` jugnr`n tjr`` jugnr`n cmv` jugnr`ntj, fgn kfy o` jmij`r, r`ahegmgi eg tewg smz`‛. Jew`v`r,

 

tj` jyp`roelma wfy g``ng't o` ugmcerk ev`r tewg fgn kfy vfry r`lymgi upeg ajfrfat`rmstmas ec  tewg. Kmx`n Ps` n`v`lepk`gt

^j` pe ^j` pelm lmay ay stft stft`s `s tjft tjft km kmx` x`n n us us`` eu euij ijtt te o` fl flle lew`n w`n wm wmtj tjmg mg tj tj`` ^EN ^EN /^ /^AN AN zeg`s zeg`s.. tj tj`` aekomg aek omgftm ftmeg eg wmll wmll o` fajm`v` fajm`v`n n oy jermze jermzegtf gtfll er v`rtma v`rtmafl fl mgt`rk mgt`rkmxt mxtur` ur` er `faj. `faj. tj` enns ec  r`smn`gtmfl, mgnustrmfl `ta euijt te o` keugt`n. Eolmiftery fgn mgalusmv` Jeusmgi

Mg vm`w ec tj` mkpertfga` ec tjms smn` ec tj` pelmay te tj` stuny, tj` kfmg pemgts ec tjms s`atmeg crek tj` pelmay fr r`prenua`n o`lew2 *^j` amtm`s euijt te cmx f kmgmkuk sjfr` (14% er jmij`r) ec fllew`n wfy cer r`fsegfol` jeusmgi (cer `xfkpl` up te smxty sq.kt. fr`f) fll teln n`v`lepk`gt/r`n`v`lepk`gt wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` zeg`s. *Jeusmgi wmtjmg tj` mgclu`ga` zeg` euijt te jfv` f kmxtur` ec fll `aegekma ireups/ s`atmegs. tj` `v`gt kfgfi`k`gt r`iulftmeg euijt te stmpulft` jeusmgi cer @aegekmaflly Y`fh`r Q`atmegs. Aegg`atmvmty Telmay

• Nmsp`rs` jmij trfccma veluk`s ev`r kultmpl` pfrfll`l jukfg-safl` str``ts mgst`fn ec  aega`gtrftmgi trfccma eg c`w`r kfber oleen v`ss`l str``ts. prenua` f cmg` g`twerh ec str``ts tjft jfs flt`rgftmv` ec reut`s cer fll ken`s, r`nuamgi nmstfga`s o`tw``g plfa`s smkmlfrly fs beurg`y tmk`s. • ecc`r qumah, aegv`gm`gt mgt`rajfgi` ajema`s fgn fostrfatmeg prevmsmeg cer vfrm`n ken`s ec MT^ fgn ous`s. ecc`r kultmpl` ken` n`amsmegs cer wflh prep`rty ft vfrm`n aests fgn luxury l`v`ls. • ecc`r tj` sjert`st nmr`at reut` te p`n`strmfgs fgn geg-ketermz`n ken`s te stftmeg smkmlfrly fs  o`tw``g mgnmvmnufl oumlnmgis er aekpl`x`s.

Gerks

• tj` utkest nmstfga` o`tw``g ? v`jmaulfr str``ts nurmgi f  g`twerh euijt te o` ge lfri`r tjfg ?04k (A/A) ft fgy  purpes`, wmtj curtj`r puolma faa`ss tjereuijcfr`s auttmgi  tjreuij tj` oleah, pre r` gftf.^j`r`cer` fgy oleah tjft  ms legi`r tjfg ?04k eg fgy smn`. • tj` utkest nmstfga` o`tw``g ? p`n`strmfg fgn GK^ sel`ly

 

 str``ts nurmgi f g`twerh euijt te o` ge lfri`r tjfg 604k (A/A) ft fgy purpes`. Fgy oleah tjft ms legi`r tjfg 604k eg fgy cfa`t sjeuln ecc`r f puolma refn cer p`n`strmfgs.

^j` o`lew tfol` sjews tj` `v`gt pelmam`s tjft afg o` fpplm`n eg tetflly nmcc`r`gt styl` ec ^EN n`v`lepk`gt.

Aegalusmeg m. ^EN ms f aruamfl teel teel cer iumn`n urofg n`v`lepk`gt freugn f trfgsmt gen` cer prep`rty quflmty fgn n`v`lepk`gt pftt`rg. mm. Lmt`rftur` r`vm`w r`v`fls tjft v`jmal` ^EN ms cfmrly n`v`lep`n tjeuijt forefn jew`v`r lmttl` er ge fgflysms jfs o``g nel` eut mg Mgnmf. mmm. nekmgfgt tj` urofg preir`ss wfgts `aegekmafl teels. Aekkugmtm`s squfr` k`fsur` s`frajmgi cer wfys mg wjmaj te mgnua` tj` cer`kest eut ec r`a`gt n`v`lepk`gt fgn te kfxmkms` tj`mr aek`  ofah crek seamfl, `aegekma fgn `gvmregk`gtfl fatmvmtm`s. Aekkugmtm`s `xp`at te kfh` g`w g`mijoeurjeens fgn kfmgtfmg `xmstmgi eg`s te o` f let ec `gifimgi, aegv`gm`gt, sfc`, fgn j`fltjy. ^j`r`cer`, tmps fgn teels squfr` k`fsur` r`qumr`n te o` n`t`rkmg`n. mv. Trep`rty N`v`lepk`gt Qustfmgfol` n`v`lepk`gt ms `xtr`k`ly vmtfl tr`gn fs f r`sult ec mt's get r`ifrnmgi tjr`ft fgflysms8 jew`v`r,, mt's r`ifrnmgi syst`k jew`v`r syst`k fgflysms. fgflysms. Qp`amcmafll Qp`amcmaflly, y, mt's r`ifrnmgi jew`v`r jew`v`r `gvmregk`gt `gvmregk`gtfl, fl, `aegekma, fgn seamfl syst`ks v. kev` te tj`mr kutufl fnvfgtfi` er nmsfnvfgtfi` ft vfrm`n spfa`-ofs`n safl`s ec ep`rftmeg. Ker`ev` Ker `ev`r, r, tj` t`rk t`rk `xpeugns `xpeugns pet`gt pet`gt `xp`at `xp`at`n `n eutaek eutaek`` tjft's tjft's nmfirf nmfirfkkf kkftma tmafl fl mg ftt fttrfa rfatmg tmgi, i, kfgfimgi fgn r`t`gtmv` mgcrfstruatur`, ousmg`ss`s, `kpleyk`gt, `aegekma prea`ss, aekkugmty mkfi`,, aulturfl mkfi` aulturfl nmv`rsmty, nmv`rsmty, faa`ssmomlmty, faa`ssmomlmty, jeusmgi jeusmgi quflmty, quflmty, trfgspert trfgspert syst`k, syst`k, aegv`yfga`, aegv`yfga`, amty a`gtr`s fgn aeep`rftmv` l`fn`rsjmp. vm. s`gsmol` Irewtj ^j` t`rk t`rk s`gsmo s`gsmol` l` Irewtj Irewtj ms rfr`ly rfr`ly irewtj irewtj88 rftj`r rftj`r,, mt s``hs s``hs te r`vmtf r`vmtflmz lmz`` tj` flr flr`fn `fny-ou y-oumlt mlt ftkespj`r` te tj` `xt`gt g`a`ssfry, fgn te cest`r `aegekmafl n`v`lepk`gt ft tj` p`rmk`t`rs ec  tj` r`imeg tjreuij tj` k`tjen ec kfhmgi f let ec mgjfomtfol` aekkugmtm`s. ^j` mkpertfga` ec s`gsmol` Irewtj aek`s crek tj` 64 prmgampl`s tjft imv` f crfk`werh cer f wfy n`v`lepk`gt fgn irewtj fr` ect`g n`fn nurmgi f sup`rmer tjfghs te tj` `stfolmsj`n ern`r. ^j`s` prmgampl`s fr` ect`g sukkfrmz`n mg aekomg` lfgn us`s, aekpfat oumlnmgi styl`, vfry ec  jeusmgi jeusm gi n`amsmegs, n`amsmegs, wflhfol` wflhfol` g`mijoeurjeen g`mijoeurjeens, s, `gifimgi `gifimgi aekkugmtm` aekkugmtm`s, s, ep`g spfa`, cfrklfgn,  o`futy fgn mkpertfgt `gvmregk`gtfl fr`fs, n`v`lepmgi aekkugmtm`s, trfgspertftmeg n`amsmegs,

 

ar`ftmgi n`v`lepk`gt ar`ftmgi n`v`lepk`gt s`l`atmegs s`l`atmegs jeg`st, aegsmst`gt aegsmst`gt fgn cer`s``fol` cer`s``fol`,, aekkugmty aekkugmty fgn g`utrfl g`utrfl aellfoerftmeg.

vmm. ^rfgsmt cfkmlmfrmz`n N`v`lepk`gt fs f omi aekmgi up wmtj pfrfnmik

^j` g`ift ^j` g`iftmv mv`` cfa` cfa`tt `c `cc` c`at atss ec urof urofg g aekmg aekmgi i up wm wmtj tj fg fgn n tr trfg fgsp sper ertf tftm tmeg eg sy syst st`k `kss o` o`af afk` k` smigmcmafgtly fppfr`gt wmtjmg tj` k`trepelmtfg fr`fs. ^jms n`kfgns FG `aegekmafl aekmgi up wmtj t`gn`gay tjft kfy nmr`at suaj mssu`s te o` selv`n . ^rfgsmt cfkmlmfrmz`n N`v`lepk`gt jfs ifmg`n quflmty fs f k`fg ec r`nr`ssmgi rfgi` ec urofg mssu`s mgalunmgi8 futekeoml` n`p`gn`gay, ugaegtrell`n urofg fr`f, fgn `v`ry eg` `cc`ats ec tjes` smtuftmegs8 lmh` trfccma bfk, r`fsegfol` jeusmgi sjertfi`s fgn pellutmeg. Crek tjms tmk`, ^EN jfs o`aek` eg` fkegi tj` cer`kest stfgnfrn teels cer fajm`vmgi s`gsmol` Irewtj fgn prep`rty N`v`lepk`gt prmgampl`s. Flse, kest ec  tj` p`epl` ar`ft` tj` `rrer ec tjmghmgi tjft ^EN fr` ect`g ar`ft`n tjreuij tj` plfggmgi fgn n`v`lepk`gt ec 6 preb`at, jew`v`r mg r`flmty, mt flwfys tfh`s kultmpl` aek`s ep`rftmgi flegi te kfh` FG urofg aletj tjft s`fkl`ssly ol`gns tj` mn`fls ec tr`gn ^EN fr` ect`g pr`s`rv`n fs FG fpprefaj tjft kfy fatuflmz` f ken`rft` te jmij`r n`gsmty n`v`lepk`gt,leaft`n ft mgt`rvfls f strfmijtcerwfrn wflh ec f s`rmeus trfgsmt step, typmaflly wmtj f kmxtur` ec r`smn`gtmfl, `kpleyk`gt, fgn leehmgi eppertugmtm`s n`smig`n cer p`n`strmfgs wjml` get `xalunmgi tj` afr. Jew`v`r, rfgi` ec vfrmfol`s n`t`rkmg`s tj` suaa`ss ec ^EN tjreuij8 seamfl fgn `aegekma kfrh`t n`kfgns, iev`rgk`gt pelmam`s, reoust fgn prefatmv` `stfolmsjk`gts, mgnmvmnufl pelmtmafl ajfkpmeg, suosmnmfry g`mijoeurjeens fgn aekkugmtm`s, prmk` quflmty trfgsmt s`rvma`, fvfmlfol`g`ss ec `gifimgi n`v`lepfol` lfgn, reoust prep`rty kfrh`ts fgn pfrhmgi kfgfi`k`gt. Flse, ^EN wfgts t`ajgmafl fgn styl` k`tjens te o` cellew`n.