IMERSAO - Apostila de Métodos de Estudos Bíblicos

 

Trijîale fe Nuter  stufnr n Bçbhln ì nhke qui `î gultes nmes ixirai ug krnmfi jnsaçmle sebri n glm`n vlfn, simfe isti ug fes getlves qui gi hivn hivng g n kn knst stnr nr gult gultee ti tigp gpee gi gifl fltn tnmf mfe, e, rijh rijhit itlm lmfe fe,, er ernm nmfe fe i istufnmfe aeg igpim`e sebri isti hlvre, qui ì n rivihnëáe fi Fius pnrn messns vlfns.   Imtri Imtritnmte, tnmte, npri nprimfl mfl `î nhkug tigpe, qui istuf istufnr nr ns Isarlturns, Isarlturns, aeg flsalphlmn, i aeg ugn gitefehekln nfiqunfn, pefi termnr isti istufe nlmfn gnls jnsalmnmti, i, airtngimti, gulte gnls previltese. E qui veaï vnl imaemtrnr mns pîklmns n sikulr ì, ig krnmfi pnrti, n glm`n prñprln ixpirlïmaln fi imslmnr n Bçbhln per gultes nmes, sion ig ahn ahnssis ssis fi Isae Isaehn hn Fegl Feglml mlan anh, h, sion sion,, gn gnls ls riai riaimt mtiigi gimt mti, i, me au aurs rsee fi

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‘Lgirsáe fe Qiglmîrle IsaehnNsslg, fi Tnsteris, emfiisti vim`e hialemnmfeBçbhlan‗ istn gntìrln per gnlsViehñklae fi elte nmes. arile qui ìe gegimte epertume pnrn ixprissnr glm`n krntlfáe ne rijirlfe Qiglmîrle,  pihe a`ngnfe i pihn aemjlnmën figemstrnfn missi giu glmlstìrle, jnte qui gi lmsplreu n isarivir istns pîklmns qui nkern veaï v eaï tig ig gáes.  Me imtnmte, nhirte fisfi oî, qui istns sáe pîklmns isarltns nlmfn fi gefe ‘lmalplimti‗, eu sion, istn ì nlmfn ugn prlgilrn ixpirlïmaln fi aeheanr me pnpih nhke qui fi `î gulte istî mn glm`n gimti. Ter isti getlve, veaï airtngimti imaemtrnrî gultns jnh`ns, qui, pritimfe, siong aerrlklfns aeg e tigpe, i aeg n noufn fns gultns arçtlans aemstrutlvns qui airtngimti riaibiril. Ter ÿhtlge, quire imjntlznr qui e prepñslte ÿmlae fisti gntirlnh ì noufnr  gius nhumes n istufnr ns Isarlturns aeg gnls previlte, pnrn qui ns suns vlfns siong nbimëenfns i pnrn qui siong ihis prñprles, bïmëáes pnrn ns suns lkrions i pnrn e rilme fi Fius. ^ui isti prepñslte si augprn mn vlfn fi anfn ug sirî n glm`n gnler  nhikrln, i n rinhlznëáe gnler fisti glmlstìrle qui Fius tig gi aemjlnfe.

Lvnr A. Tirilrn

 

Çmflai >. Lmtrefuëáe ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................

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2. Tnrtis Bîslans fe Istufe Bçbhlae ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ................ ....

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1. Rikrns Jumfngimtnls fi Lmtirpritnëáe ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ .................. ...... 2> 6. Gìtefe fi Nmîhlsi fe Zirsçauhe ........................ .................................... ........................ ................... ....... 2: 9. Gìtefe Nmnhçtlae ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ .................. ...... 12 :. Gìtefe Qlmtìtlae ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................ ........................ .................. ...... 61 ;. Gìtefe Vigîtlae ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ................. ..... 90 0. Gìtefe Blekrîjlae ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................ .... :0 4. Npïmflai N? Qukistùis pnrn pnrn ugn Tiquimn Blbhletian ........... .................. .......

;< >>. Npïmflai B? Riaurses Flkltnls Flkltnls me Istufe fn Bçbhln ............ ..................... ......... 04 >2. Npïmflai A? Riaurses fi Istufe mn Lmtirmit ........... ....................... ..................... ......... 02 >1. Thnmiongimte fe Aurse ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................... ....... 00

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>  Lmtrefuëáe

>. Trepñslte

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 prepñslte i n ïmjnsi fistn npestlhn ì ne gisge tigpe slgphis i aegphixe. Ter gnls pnrnfexnh qui sion istn aeheanëáe, arile qui ihn ì rinhgimti virfnfilrn, pels isti rijirlfe prepñslte ì imslmnr  ne istufnmti fn Bçbhln n pimsnr ‘ixikitlangimti‗. Oî nqul rislfi n prlgilrn i krnmfi fljlauhfnfi, pels, pesslvihgimti, veaï pirkumtnrln e qui lsse rinhgimti slkmljlan. Gns, npñs ug beg imtimflgimte fisti tirge, veaï airt ai rtng ngim imti ti pnss pnssnr nrîî n ae aems mslf lfiirn rnrr ist stnn tnri tnrijn jn ae aege ge ‘slg ‘slgph phis is‗‗ fi si sir  r  imtimflfn.   Imtr Imtritn itnmte mte,, pes pesse se njl njlrgn rgnrr qui istn istn ì vir virfnf fnfilr ilrngi ngimti mti ugn tnr tnrijn ijn nbse nb sehu hutn tngi gimt mtii mi miai aiss ssîr îrln ln,, ig igbe bern rn pe perr vi vizi zis, s, sion sion tngbì tngbìg g bnst bnstnm nmti ti aegphixn. Gisge nsslg máe fiviges fisnmlgnr flnmti fistn njlrgnëáe,  pels n tnrijn gnls bîslan fn ‘ixikisi‗, ‘ixikisi‗, big aege, n pestirler pestirler rinhlznëáe fi ugn ‘ben i aerritn `irgimïutlan‗ máe ì nhke nbsehutngimti flstnmti fe istufnmti aegu gug g, gis gisge fnquihi nlmfn ig jnsi big lmlalnh fi aem`ialgimtes bîslaes nairan fes imslmngimtes bçbhlaes. Lsse, ì ahnre, me prissupeste fi qui airtes aemailtes bîslaes siong big imtimflfes me qui si rijiri n sun nphlanëáe ne tixte bçbhlae. I sáe istis aemailtes, e nhve prlmalpnh fistn lmtrefuëáe, qunmfe veaï vnl nprimfir aeg  prejumflfnfi istrnm`ns pnhnvrns (ixikisi, `irgimïutlan)fiqui nanbnges fi nairan usnr, i,fns prlmalpnhgimti, e ‘perqui‗ fn miaisslfnfi si istufnr n Bçbhln.

2. Aege N Bçbhln Fivi Qir Istufnfn 2.> ‑ E ‘Terqui‗ fe Istufe fn Bçbhln i imtimfiges n Bçbhln aege simfe n ‘rivihnëáe qui Fius jnz fi sl gisge ne `egig‗ (@b >?>-23 2 Ti >?24-2>), rivihnëáe istn qui tig e prepñslte gnler fi jnzir aeg qui n arlnturn aem`iën pirjiltngimti e siu Arlnfer i n Qun snmtn vemtnfi, imtáe, máe bnstnrln qui hïssiges ns

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Isarlturns, purn i slgphisgimti, pnrn imtimfirges phimngimti nairan fistn rivihnëáe5 Istn pirkumtn tig pihe gimes funs rispestns. N prlgilrn, ì qui, me qui flz rispilte ä snhvnëáe lmflvlfunh fi anfn `egig, n rivihnëáe bçbhlan ì sujlalimtigimti ahnrn i pefiresn pnrn nhanmënr tefes es qui istáe pirflfes mes sius gultes fihltes i pianfes. Jel airtngimti lste e qui Tnuhe quls flzir qunmfe njlrgeu e sikulmti ig sun anrtn nes Regnmes? ‘Tels máe gi imvirkem`e fe ivnmkih` imvirkem`e ivnmkih`e, e, perqui ì e pefir fi Fius pnrn n snhvnëáe snhvnëáe fi tefe nqui nq uihi hi qu quii arï. arï... ..‗‗ (R (Rg g >?>: >?>:). ). Ern, aege n gimsnkig bçbhlan pessul isti

 prepñslte gnler, pefiges njlrgnr qui ihn ì sigpri sujlalimtigimti ahnrn i  pefiresn pnrn n ‘snhvnëáe ‘snhvnëáe fi tefe nquihi qui aarï‗. rï‗. Qebri istn quistáe ispiaçjlan, quire lhustrnr e giu pimsngimte, aemtnmfe ugn surpriimfimti ixpirlïmaln fi glm`n prñprln vlfn. Ig airtn eansláe, `î nhkums nmes, qunmfe aemvirsnvn aeg nhkums lrgáes ne jlmnh fi ug auhte meturme fi ug feglmke, ug `egig nlmfn oevig si nprexlgeu fi mñs aeg n sikulmti pirkumtn? ‘Istn ì ugn lkrion fes arimtis ig Oisus‗5 Jlquil surprise, i ne gisge tigpe aurlese, i rispemfl, ‘slg, airtngimti qui istn ì ugn lkrion fes arimtis ig Oisus‗. I ne gisge tigpe, lmfnkuil? Ter qui veaï fision snbir lste5 Ihi lgiflntngimti gi rispemfiu aemtnmfe n sun surpriimfimti `lstñrln. Ihi irn ug treanfer fi ömlbus, i istnvn jnzimfe n sun ÿhtlgn vlnkig metu me turm rmnn ig ug fegl feglmk mke, e, qu qunm nmfe fe,, a` a`ik iknnmf mfee ä kn knrn rnkkig, rise risehv hviiu lm lmsp spiial alem emnnr es bn bnma maes es fe si siuu ömlb ömlbuus, pn pnrn rn vir vir si nhk hkuì uìg g `nv `nvln si isquialfe fi nhkug eboite. Tnrn sun surprisn, imaemtreu ugn Bçbhln, qui ihi heke si higbreu qui fivirln pirtimair nes ‘arimtis‗ qui istnvng mistn sun ÿhtlgn vlnkig. Risehviu kunrfî-hn, pnrn vir si imaemtrnrln siu feme ig ugn vlnki vlnkig g prñxlg prñxlgn. n. Aege máe aemsikul isti eboitlv eboitlve, e, risehviu hir n Bçbhln, ig suns `erns fi jehkn, aegiënmfe (airtngimti pihn krnën fi Fius) n sun hilturn pihe ivnmkih`e fi Gntius. Qikumfe ihi, siu imtuslnsge aeg n hilturn jel nugimtnmfe, n giflfn qui hln anfn ivnmkih`e, i pefln imtimfir gultn aelsn, mn virfnfi e sujlalimti  pnrn imtimfir nairan fn sun miaisslfnfi fi ug snhvnfer. Nsslg, ariu mistns pnhnvrns fi pefir, i arimfe, aemjisseu i si nrripimfiu fes sius  pianfes. Qimtlu, mns suns pnhnvrns, ugn krnmfi pnz me aernëáe, i ug lgimse fisioe fi aem`iair ugn lkrion fes ‘arimtis ig Oisus‗. I, fistn jergn, hî istnvn ihi mnquihn melti jnzimfe-mes nquihn istrnm`n pirkumtn. Vufe lsse naemtiaiu sig qunhquir quirfiqui jessi, e qui mes filxeu gnrnvlh`nfes aeg elmtirjirïmaln pefir lgimsefifnquig pnhnvrn Fius. -6-

 

  Jlz iisti sti rrihnt ihntee pnrn prevea preveanr nr vea veaï, ï, qui nkern istî himfe istn npestl npestlhn, hn, aeg n sikulmti pirkumtn? Imtáe, máe ì miaissîrle istufnr n Bçbhln3 bnstn hïhn aeg ntimëáe i aegpriimfiriges tufe e qui Fius fision qui snlbnges  pnrn n messn vlfn i pnrn n messn snhvnëáe5 Ì ahnre qui lste máe ì virfnfi, i veaï vnl snbir n sikulr nairan fes getlves pihes qunls fiviges istufnr n Bçbh Bç bhln ln ae aeg g nj njlma lmae, e, ae aeg g ern ernëá ëáe, e, ae aeg g fl flsa salph lphlm lmnn i tngbì tngbìg, g, aeg aeg ug ugnn nfiqunfn gitefehekln. I istn sirî n sikumfn rispestn ä pirkumtn qui jlz me lmçale fisti tñplae? ‘Máe bnstnrln qui hïssiges ns Isarlturns, purn i slgphisgimti, pnrn imtimfirges phimngimti nairan fistn rivihnëáe5‗.

2.2 ‑ Ns Fljlauhfnfis fe Istufe fn Bçbhln

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ius isaeh`iu rivihnr-si ne `egig pianfer, fimtre fe aemtixte fn sun prñprln `lstñrln (n `lstñrln `ugnmn), isaeh`imfe pnrn lsse, `egims, qui, ne hemke fi gultes nmes vlvirng suns vlfns ig fljirimtis alraumstâmalns, auhturns i hçmkuns.   xte Nsslg, Nsslg , nfe, qunmfe fisi fisionges onges imtimfir imtim aeg prejumflfnfi gimsn gimsnkig kig fe tixt ti e sn snkr krnf e, fi fivi vige ges s imt mtim imfi firr fir tngb tngbì ìg,prejumf e aemt aelfnfi mtix ixte ten ig qu qui i is issn sn gimsnkig nhanmëeu anfn ug fes rispiatlves gimsnkilres (es riaipteris erlk er lklm lmnl nlss fn Tnh nhnv nvrn rn ri rivi vihhnfn nfn), big big aege ge,, es pe peve ves, s, piss pissen enss eu aegumlfnfis nes qunls n gimsnkig bçbhlan jel erlklmnhgimti flrlklfn.   I issi issi jjnte, nte, máe si aemstltul mn ÿmlan bnrrilrn ä messn phimn aegpriimsáe fn Bçbhln, pels, e gnler imtrnvi, ì, airtngimti, e messe prñprle pianfe, qui turvn eu igbnën n messn vlsáe nairan fns rinhlfnfis isplrltunls fe rilme fi Fius. E npñstehe Tnuhe, flrlklmfe-si ä lkrion fi Aerlmte mn sun prlgilrn anrtn, flssi ns sikulmtis pnhnvrns? ‘Terqui, nkern, viges aege ig ispih`e, ebsaurngimti3 imtáe, viriges jnai n jnai. Nkern, aem`iëe ig pnrti3 imtáe, aem`iairil aege tngbìg seu aem`ialfe‗. (> Ae >1?>2). E qui Tnuhe quls imslmnr aeg istns pnhnvrns, jel qui, nkern, me gegimte ig qui vlviges (‘nkern‗) me qunh nlmfn anrriknges ug ‘aerpe fe pianfe‗ (ugn mnturizn fiançfn pihn nëáe fe pianfe) ig messns vlfns (Rg :?:), tufe e qui aemsikulges ì ugn vlsáe ‘aege ig ispih`e, ebsa eb saur urng ngim imti ti‗‗ fn fnss ri rinh nhlf lfnf nfis is ai aihi hist stln lnls ls (2 Ae 1?> 1?>0) 0).. Gn Gns, s, a`ik a`iknr nrîî e gegimte (‘imtáe‗), qunmfe tegnrges pessi fe rilme, ig qui ‘viriges jnai n jnai‗ i máe gnls npimns ‘ig pnrti‗ i ‘ebsaurngimti‗. -9-

 

  Me imtnmte, imtnmte, e virsça virsçauhe uhe nmti nmtirler rler máe pefi si aemstltulr aemstltulr ig getlve fi fisâmlge fisâm lge pnrn mim`ug fi mñs, pels e gisge Ispçrl Ispçrlte te Qnmte qui ‘geviu ‘geviu‗‗ e aernëáe fi anfn `egig a`ngnfe pnrn riaibir ugn pnraihn fi tefn n rivihnëáe flvlmn (2 Ti >?2>), tngbìg mes imslmn, lhuglmnmfe e messe imtimflgimt imtimf lgimtee pnrn qui imtim imtimfnges fnges e miais miaissîrle sîrle ä messn prñprln snhvnëá snhvnëáe, e, ne messe flsalpuhnfe flîrle, i ne messe ngnfurialgimte mn jì.   Fissi Fissi gef gefe, e, virige virigess n sikulr sikulr,, aeg aegee pef pefige igess vim vimair air tef tefns ns ist istns ns  bnrrilrns (pihe gimes, ig pnrti) i fljlauhfnfis gimalemnfns, i rinhlznr ug istufe bçbhlae prejumfe i nbimëenfer.

2.1 ‑ Ns Funs Flgimsùis fe Istufe Bçbhlae

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lges,, nmti lges nmtirle rlergi rgimt mti, i, qui sá sáee gult gultns ns ns fl fljla jlauh uhfn fnfi fiss qui qui mes sipn si pnrn rng g fi ug ugnn ph phim imnn aegp aegpri riim imsá sáee fn gi gims msnk nkig ig bç bçbh bhla lan. n. ^uiriges altnr npimns nhkugns, n tçtuhe fi lhustrnëáe, i, pnrn gih`ernr n messn aegpriimsáe fisti jnte, kestnrln fi arlnr nqul ugn

lgnkig gitnjñrlan, mn ug qunh‘nblsge istns rijirlfns fljlauhfnfis aegpùig e qui  pefirçnges a`ngnr fi `irgimïutlae‗ qui mes sipnrn fi ug  beg imtimflgimte fe tixte snkrnfe. Tnrn lsse, naegpnm`i mn jlkurn > (me jlmnh fisti anpçtuhe), e qui iu keste fi a`ngnr fi ‘ns funs flgimsùis fe istu is tufe fe bçbh bçbhla lae‗ e‗.. Ig prlg prlgil ilre re hu hukn knr, r, vnge vngess fijlm fijlmlr lr ixnt ixntng ngim imti ti,, e qui nbrnmki issi rijirlfe ‘nblsge‗. Heke viriges qui ihi si aegpùi fes sikulmtis jntes prlmalpnls? 

  N auhturn fes peves per eansláe fi anfn perëáe ffnn rivihnëáe3

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  E tigpe fi fiaerrlfe aerrlfe imtri mñs i e gegimte fi an anfn fn gimsnkig bçbhlan3 bçbhlan3

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Ns hçmkunsflvlmn3 jnhnfns (`ibrnlae, nrngnlae, krike) ig anfn ììpean pean flstlmtn fn  rivihnëáe   N jergn hltirîrln (mnrrntlv (mnrrntlvns, ns, peislns, peislns, prejialns, ipçstehns, pnrîbehns, ita.) qui aegpùi anfn pnrti fe tixte snkrnfe3

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  N sltunëáe fi vlfn (istnvng ig pnz eu ig kuirrn, ixlhnfes, ixlhnfes, feglmnfes  per eutres peves, irng pirikrlmes, eu oî pessuçng ugn pîtrln, i ita.) fi Lsrnih i fi anfn mnëáe eu aegumlfnfi riaibifern fn gimsnkig snkrnfn3 

  Es Lgpìrles feglmnmtis per eansláe fn rivihnëáe fe tixte sn snkrnfe krnfe (per  ixigphe, e fegçmle fes Anhfius, aeg Mnbuaefemezer i vîrles eutres rils

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Anhfius, mn ìpean prejitn fegçmle fes Gife-Tirsns, Alre i Fnrle, per fe eansláe feFnmlih, jlg fe eixçhle bnblhömlae, e fegçmleaeg fi -:-

 

Nhixnmfri e Krnmfi, lgpirnfer gnaifömlae qui lgpös n auhturn krikn airan fi 144 nmes n.A.).   Isti Isti ì ai airt rtng ngim imti ti ug jn jnte te qui qui pe pefi fi nji njitnr tnr kr krnm nmfi figi gimt mtii n me mess ssnn aegpriimsáe fes jntes rihntnfes mn Bçbhln. Fiviges timtnr aegpriimfir  aege e fegçmle fistis lgpìrles gufeu n sltunëáe fi vlfn fnquihis qui riaibirng n rivihnëáe fi Fius ig gegimtes fi krnmfi timsáe, feglmnfes qui istnvng per mnëùis qui lgpum`ng suns auhturns, hçmkuns, i eutres jntes gnls n sirig nmnhlsnfes.

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Nsslg, istis jntes, i gultes eutres qui nlmfn pefig sir higbrnfes, jergng isti ‘nblsge `irgimïutlae‗, eu sion, ug nblsge imtri e ‘nqul i nkern‗ fe gegimte ig qui vlv lviiges ges i hige gess e tixte snkrnfe, i  preaurnges imtimfir e siu slkmljlanfe pnrn mñs `eoi, i e ‘hî i imtáe‗, qui jel e gegimte ig qui isti tixte jel erlklmnhgimti imtrikui, i pessuçn npimns ug simtlfe pnrn anfn riaipter erlklmnh fn gimsnkig flvlmn. I issns sáe njlmnh, ‘ns funs flgimsùis fe istufe bçbhlae‗, sebri ns qunls fiviges aemstnmtigimti trnbnh`nr. E trnbnh`e qui fiviges rinhlznr pnrn fisaebrlr e simtlfe erlklmnh fe tixte snkrnfe (Hî i Imtáe) ì a`ngnfe fi ‘ixikisi‗, pnhnvrn auoe prijlxe ‘ix‗ slkmljlan ‘pnrn jern fi‗, eu, ‘tlrnr fi‗, e qui hivn ne slkmljlanfe itlgehñklae fi ‘ritlrnr fe tixte e siu rinh slkmljlanfe‗. N ixikisi pefi sir gih`er fijlmlfn, aege simfe e ‘istufe aulfnfese i slstigîtlae fn Isarlturn, pnrn fisaebrlr e slkmljlanfe erlklmnh qui jel  pritimflfe pihe nuter fi anfn hlvre fn Bçbhln‗. N ixikisi ì n messn timtntlvn fi ‘isautnr‗ n Tnhnvrn aemjergi es fistlmntîrles erlklmnls fivig tï-hn euvlfe. Nqul, muman ì fignls rinjlrgnr qui n gimsnkig erlklmnh riaiblfn mes ‘tigpes bçbhlaes‗, sigpri jel ugn nëáe flritn fi Fius, qui ig tefe issi tigpe tegeu n lmlalntlvn fi si rivihnr ne `egig. Missi simtlfe, vnhi riaerfnr e slkmljlantlve tixte imaemtrnfe ig 2 Ti >?2>, auons pnhnvrns sáe?

‘... perqui muman ongnls qunhquir prejialn jel fnfn per  vemtnfi `ugnmn3 imtritnmte, `egims snmtes jnhnrng fn pnrti fi Fius, gevlfes pihe Ispçrlte Qnmte‗ ( 2 Ti >?2>). Ygn viz qui imtimfiges qui Fius risehviu si rivihnr ne `egig fimtre fe siu prñprle aemtixte fi vlfn, e trnbnh`e gnler fe beg istufnmti fn Bç Bçbh bhln ln aemstltuig-si ì fisa fisaeb ebrl rlrr qunh qu je jelkuln l issi issi aemt aemtix ixte . Tnrn Tnrn fn ls lsse se, , ns sibçbhlan? kulm lmti tiss  pirkumtns ignhug sikure mete. trnbnh`e ixikisi ixi kisisiku -;-

 

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  E qui istnv istnvnn naemtiaimfe me gegimte fn rivihnëáe rivihnëáe bçbhlan bçbhlan55

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  ^unh irn n auhtu auhturn rn fn ìpean5

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  ^unh irn e simtlfe fn hltirnturn5 hltirnturn5

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  E qui n hhçmkun çmkun slkm slkmljlanvn5 ljlanvn5

^unmfe issi trnbnh`e ì rinhlznfe aeg aulfnfe, pefiges nvnmënr pnrn e ‘nqul i nkern‗ (slkmljlanfe pnrn mñs, `eoi, me tigpe ig qui vlviges), qui ì e trnbnh`e fn ‘`irgimïutlan‗ preprlngimti fltn. N pnhnvrn ‘`irgimïutlan‗ nbrnmki prlgnrlngimti e angpe lmtilre fn lmtirpritnëáe, lmahuslvi n prñprln ixikisi. Imtritnmte, ì tngbìg usnfn me simtlfe gnls ristrlte fi ‘preaurnr n rihivâmaln aemtigperâmin fes tixtes bçbhlaes‗, simfe issn n fijlmlëáe aeg n qunh trnbnh`nriges mistn npestlhn. Arile, qui aeg issns fijlmlëùis ig gimti, veaï istî pripnrnfe pnrn nphl np hlan anrr nhkum hkumss gìte gìtefe fess fi is istu tufe fe qui qui lr lráe áe jnal jnalhl hltn tnrr nlmf nlmfnn gn gnls ls n aegpriimsáe fequi tixte snkrnfe, pels issis rijirlfes jergnráe ugn ‘gitefehekln‗ jlanrî kunrfnfn mn sun gimti gìtefes me fiaerrir fe istufe  bçbhlae.

1. Ixiraçales fi Nphlanëáe 1.> - Vixte pnrn istufe? à Regnmes >6?>-9 i >9?>

(n) E prlgilre pnsse fe istufe bçbhlae ì rinhlznr ugn hilturn ntimtn fe tixte prepeste. Jnën lsse nkern, pristnmfe tefn ntimëáe nes fitnh`is fnfes  pihe nuter bçbhlae. Nmeti suns suns ebsirvnëùis ig ug hean heanhh npreprlnfe3 (b) Nkern vnges ixiraltnr n ‘prlgilrn flgimsáe‗ fe istufe bçbhlae (‘Hî i Imtáe‗), eu sion, vnges rinhlznr n ixikisi fisti tixte. Ygn prlgilrn  pirkumtn n sir jiltn ì? ‘E qui istnvn eaerrimfe mn lkrion fi Regn qui hiveu n npñstehe Tnuhe n jnzir ns riaegimfnëùis aemtlfns mistis tixtes (Rg >6?>-9 i >9?>)5‗. ‘Nae aeh` h`il il ne qui ì fìbl fìblhh mn jì, máe máe,, perìg, perìg, pnrn pnrn flsa flsaut utlr  lr  b>  - ‘N eplmlùis‗ (>6?>)3 b2 - ‘Ern, mñs qui seges jertis fiviges supertnr ns fiblhlfnfis fes jrnaes i máe nkrnfnr-mes n mñs gisges‗ (>9?>). (a) Nqul, ns pirkumtns ixikìtlans fivig sir? -0-

 

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  ^uig irn e ‘fìblh ‘fìblh mn jì‗ (hî i imtáe, imtáe, mnquihn eansláe) eansláe) i perqui fivl fivlng ng sir ‘naeh`lfes‗5   ^ui uig g ir irnng es ‘je jert rtiis mn jì jì‗‗ i pe perq rqui ui fi fivl vlnng ihis his su supe pert rtnnr ns ‘fiblhlfnfis‗ fes jrnaes5 (>9?>).

ntimtnjumfngimtnls fe tixte, veaï fistnaeu e qui istî aemtlfe (f) Fn ig felshilturn virsçauhes mn airtngimti ixikisi fisti tixte, qui sáe? f> - ‘Yg arï qui fi tufe pefi aegir, gns e fìblh aegi hikugis‗ (>6?2)3

- ‘Yg jnz fljirimën imtri fln i fln3 eutre ouhkn lkunls tefes es flns. Anfn ug tim`n eplmláe big fijlmlfn ig sun prñprln gimti‗ (>6?9).

(i) Istis fels virsçauhes fistnang funs pissens, eu, fels krupes flstlmtes. E prlgilre krupe arln qui pefln aegir fi tufe i ouhknvn lkunh ‘tefes es flns‗. E sikumfe krupe, sñ aegln hikugis, i jnzln fljirimën imtri ‘ug fln i e eutre fln‗, eu sion, nhkums flns irng big gnls lgpertnmtis pnrn ihis fe qui es fignls. Ns pirkumtns qui fiviges jnzir nqul sáe? i> - ^uig irng ns pissens qui aegpum`ng issis fels krupes53 i,

i2 - Terqui nhkums tlm`ng sivirns ristrlëùis i es fignls figemstrnvng nusïmaln fi ristrlëùis me teanmti nes jntes gimalemnfes (aegir fi tufe i kunrfnr fitirglmnfes flns)5 (j)  Ne istufnr ug virsçauhe eu ug tixte ig sipnrnfe fe siu aemtixte gnler, qui missi ixigphe ì n anrtn nes Regnmes, fiviges tir e aulfnfe fi istufnr tngbìg istn anrtn aege ug tefe. I, missi anse,nnprimf nprimfirige iriges s qui istn erlklmnhgim nhgimti ti flrlklfnesä lkrion fi Regn, qunh irn aegpestn fi anrtn oufiusjeli erlklm kimtles aemvirtlfes, qunls airtngimti si riumlng mes auhtes fi nfernëáe i heuver fn lkrion aege ug tefe. Isti jnte eaerrln mn gnler pnrti fns lkrions fn irn npestñhlan, i, airtngimti, si aemstltuçn ig ugn fljlauhfnfi mes rihnalemngimtes imtri es sius gigbres. Es oufius aemvirtlfes aemtlmunrng per nhkug tigpe sikulmfe n Hil  prisarltn mn ‘Vern`‗ (n hil gesnlan), n qunh fitirglmnvn (mns hils airlgemlnls) qui máe aegissig fn anrmi fi airtes nmlgnls lgpures, i qui ebsirvnssig tngbìg, airtes flns snkrnfes (aege e sîbnfe, n pîsaen, ns jistns fns ‘prlgçalns‗, fes ‘tnbirmîauhes‗, i eutrns gnls). -621). Gns, mig gisge es flsaçpuhes mn eansláe fistis imslmngimtes, jerng anpnzis fi imtimfir phimngimti e slkmljlanfe fistns pnhnvrns, i nmes gnls tnrf tnrfi, i, e np npñs ñste tehe he Tifr Tifree fige figems mstr treu eu aege aege irn irn fl fljç jçal alhh pn pnrn rn es ou oufi fius us nailtnrig ns phimns lgphlanëùis aemtlfns misti imslmngimte fi Oisus (Kh 2?>>-2>3 Nt >4?:3 >>?>->0)3  

  Nsslg, imtimfir phimngimti qui ihis, esqui oufius-arlstáes fn ìpean fi (o) Tnuhe, máe pefiges `nvlng imtimflfe n gerti fi Arlste mn aruz augprlu, i aeg lsse nbehlu tefns ns ‘segbrns‗ i ns ‘jlkurns‗ fn hiklshnëáe gesnlan fe Nmtlke Vistngimte (@b 0?>-93 >4?>-63 Ij 2?>1->:), big aege, ebvlngimti, tefns ns ‘mergns `ugnmns‗ qui `nvlng slfe lmaerpernfns n istn3

(c) Tertnmte, mistis anpçtuhes (>6?>->9?>1), Tnuhe pnssn n trntnr fistn quistáe fi krnmfi lgpertâmaln, rijirimti nes qui aegpnrtlh`ng n gisgn jì ig Arlste. Ì n quistáe fn hlbirfnfi qui tiges ig Arlste, fi fisjrutnr fe qui mes airan (aemtnmte qui lsimte fi ntes pianglmeses) sig lmlblëùis i tnbus táe aegums me gile fn aegumlfnfi arlstá fes messes flns. - >4 -

 

(h) Tnuhe irn tngbìg, misti nspiate, ixigphe fi ug arlstáe hikltlgngimti ignmalpnfe fistis tnbus, pels fisjrutnvn phimngimti fn hlbirfnfi qui Arlste h`i aemaifirn. Nfnptnvn-si ne gefe fi vlvir fes oufius, qunmfe si na`nvn mugn sealifnfi oufnlan, tnmte qunmte, ne gefe fi vlfn fes kimtles qunm qu nmfe fe vl vlvvln imt mtri ri istis tis (> Ae ). Ivn rispemfiu flsteraimfe n erfig flvlmn, narisaimtnmfe qui ihis ‘mig pefirlng teanr‗ me jrute fnquihn îrveri (1?1). Ygn aeheanëáe aege istn timfi n termnr ugn erfig sig simtlfe, eu ntì gisge rlfçauhn.

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  Nssl Nsslg, g, Qn Qntn tnmî mîss ri risp spem emfi fi,, jn jnzi zimf mfee ugn ugn njlrg njlrgnë nëáe áe qu quii ‘s ‘sub ubtrn trnl‗ l‗ n virfnfi fn erfig fi Fius? ‘Ì airte qui máe gerririls‗ (1?6). Eu sion, ihi egltlu e jnte fi qui n gerti mn Bçbhln ì tnmte jçslan (sipnrnëáe fn nhgn fe aerpe) qunmte isplrltunh (sipnrnëáe imtri e `egig i Fius). ^unmfe ihis fisebifiairng, n gerti jçslan máe eaerriu fi lgiflnte, gns n aegum`áe qui tlm`ng aeg Fius (gerti isplrltunh) eaerriu lgiflntngimti.

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 Istn rikrn, me imtnmte, ì prlmalpnhgimti nphlaîvih äs krnmfis virfnfis fn Bçbhln i máe npimns ä virsçauhes ispiaçjlaes.

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 Ixigphe fi ug krnmfi tign bçbhlae? ‘ N sikurnmën fn snhvnëáe‗

à Nhkums

virsçauhes lmflvlfunls sebri isti tign? Kîhntns 9?6 i  Npeanhlpsi

2?>4 à E

qui flz i,n Rg Isarlturn aege ‘ug tefe‗ sebri istn quistáe5 (Oe >4?2;-2?>>->63 0?19-16?>-9 - Zir aemtixte aemtixte fe anpçtuh anpçtuhee - Zir aaeemtixte fe fe hlhlvre  (2ª) (2ª)   N

Isarlturn tig segimti ug simtlfe, i fivi sir tegnfn hltirnhgimti.  Mes njnziris flîrles fn vlfn, mim`ugn pissen sìrln pritimfi qui e qui flz eu isarivi tim`n ugn flvirslfnfi fi simtlfes. Ne aemtrîrle, fision qui e simtlfe ñbvle i virfnfilre sion aegpriimflfe per sius euvlmtis eu hilteris3

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 Qi veaï jessi flzir n ug nufltñrle? ‘Ntrnvissil e eainme fes Istnfes Ymlf Ym lfes es ä Iu Iurep repn‗ n‗,, airtn airtngi gimt mtii máe máe ke kest stnr nrln ln qu quii lm lmti tirp rpri ritn tnss ssig ig n sun njlrgnëáe aege slkmljlanmfe qui veaï ntrnvisseu ns fljçails îkuns fn vlfn ntì e perte fi ugn mevn ixpirlïmaln3 

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Tnrn rn ae aegu guml mlan anrr nh nhke ke,, ve veaï aï pr pria ials lsnn pr pris isug uglr lr fels fels jnte jntess lk lkun unhg hgim imti ti   Tn

virfnfilr virfnf ilres? es? (>¿)  ^ui e virfnfilre prepñslte fn pnhnvrn ì trnmsgltlr e  pimsngimte3 i (2¿) ^ui n hçmkun ì ug gile fi aegumlanëáe flkme fi aemjlnmën3   Te Tert rtnnmt mte, e, n lm lmttir irpr priitn tnëá ëáee hlt ltiirn rnh, h, me aem emti tixt xtee bçb çbhhlae lae ì n ÿm ÿmla lann lmti lmtirpr rprit itnë nëáe áe vi virfn rfnfi filrn lrn.. Qi veaï veaï má máee te tegn gnrr hl hlti tirn rnhg hgim imti ti n pn pnssn ssnki kig g  bçbhlan, tefes es tlpes fi lmtirpritnëáe lmtirpritnëáe jnmtnslesn pefig risuhtnr risuhtnr flsse.  Yg krnmfi ixigphe fi ugn lmtirpritnëáe jnmtnslesn vig fn prñprln `lstñrln fn lkrion, qunmfe e krnmfi sirve fi Fius, Nurìhle Nkestlm`e (196614 f.A.), risehviu lmtirpritnr n pnrîbehn fe ‘Beg Qngnrltnme‗ (Ha >4?141;) fi gefe nhikñrlae. 

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  Qikumfe ihi, e `egig ntnanfe pihes hnfrùis slgbehlznvn Nfáe (n `ugnmlfnfi)3 Oirusnhìg slgbehlznvn es aìus i Oirlañ, e gumfe3 es hnfrùis, e flnbe i suns `estis3 e snairfeti, n hil3 e hivltn slgbehlznvn es prejitns i e  beg sngnrltnme, Oisus Arlste3 e nmlgnh sebri e qunh jel aeheanfe e `egig 

jirlfe slgbehlznvn e aerpefnfi Arlste Nfáe ançfe)3 en `espifnrln irn ug sçgbehe lkrion, i ns(qui funssupertn geifnse(fels fimîrles), - 21 -

 

Tnl i e Jlh`e3 n pregissn fe beg sngnrltnme fi vehtnr irn, tngbìg, ug sçgbehe fn sikumfn vlmfn fi Arlste. Ar lste. 

  Es rijergnferis riaem`ialng n mnturizn flvlme-`ugnmn fns Isarlturns

i, pe perr is issi si getl getlve ve,, fi fiji jimfl mflng ng n su sunn lm lmti tirp rpri ritn tnëá ëáee hl hlti tirn rnh, h, im imjn jntl tlzn znmf mfee tngbìg n lgpertâmaln fn krngîtlan i fn `lstñrln.  Nsslg, Hutire njlrgeu? ‘Mñs fiviges mes ntir ne simtlfe slgphis, pure i mnturnh fns pnhnvrns, aege riquirlfe pihn krngîtlan i pihe use fe lflegn arlnfe per Fius imtri es `egims‗ (altnëáe ritlrnfn fe hlvre ‘Qehn Qarlpturn  ‑ N Feutrlmn Rijergnfn fns fns Isarlturns‗, Tk. 29). 

  Qe Qebr brii is istn tn gi gisg sgnn qu quis istá táe, e, Oe Oeáe áe An Anhv hvlm lmee a` a`ik ikeu eu n njlr njlrgn gnrr qui qui n lmtirpritnëáe nhikñrlan irn sntâmlan, per fisvlnr e `egig fn virfnfi fns Isarlturns. Njlrgeu tngbìg qui ‘ì ugn nufîaln prñxlgn fe snarlhìkle usnr ns Isarlturns ne messe bih-prnzir i brlmanr aeg ihns aege aeg ugn  behn fi tïmls, aege gultes nmtis fi mñs e jlzirng‗ (altnëáe ritlrnfn fn gisgn ebrn nmtirlergimti gimalemnfn, pk. >29). 

Anfn tixte bçbhlae pirtimai n ug fitirglmnfe aemtixte, rnzáe pihn qunh máe pefi sir lmtirpritnfe lsehnfngimti. (1ª) 

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 E istufnmti prialsnrî lfimtljlanr e aemtixte lgiflnte, eu sion, e tria`e eu e an anpç pçtu tuhe he bç bçbh bhla laee me qu qunh nh e ti tixt xtee si lm lmsi siri ri33 i tngb tngbìg ìg e ae aemt mtix ixte te ngphe, eu sion, n siëáe fe hlvre bçbhlae, eu ntì gisge e hlvre bçbhlae, n qui e tixte pirtimai.   Vefe tixte bçbhlae ì aeirimti aeg sius aemtixtes lgiflnte i ngphe. Aegpriimfimfe e simtlfe fe siu aemtixte, e istufnmti tirî gih`eris aemflëùis fi lmtirpritnr e tixte.  Yg ixigphe prîtlae fn nphlanëáe fistn rikrn pefi sir imaemtrnfe mn pnssnkig fi @ibrius >2?>->1.   Miss Missii tixte e nuter jnz rijirïma rijirïmaln ln lmlalnhgi lmlalnhgimti mti n ugn ‘muvig fi tistigum`ns‗ (vs. >). Ne qui ihi si rijiri ne jnzir use fistn gitîjern5  Tnrn rispemfir, tiriges qui aemsuhtnr e ‘aemtixte lgiflnte‗, qui ì tefe anpçtuhe >> fistn anrtn. Zirljlanriges imtáe qui issn rijirlfn gitîjern ì ugn rijirïmaln n flvirses `egims i guh`iris qui vlvirng mn Nmtl Nm tlkn kn Nhl hlnm nmën ën,, i qui qui tr trlu lumj mjnr nrnng pihn pihn jì ig Fi Fius us se sebr brii fl flvi virs rsns ns alraumstâmalns gulte fljçails qui vlvirng vl virng mnquihn eansláe. - 26 -

 

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 Gns, issi tixte mes noufn tngbìg n imtimfir e qui ì e ‘aemtixte ngphe‗ fi ugn pnssnkig.  Missn rijirlfn anrtn, e prepñslte gnler fe nuter ì imaernonr sius hilteris hilter is (oufi (oufius us aemvirtlfes aemvirtlfes ne arlstlnmls arlstlnmlsge) ge) n máe nbnmfemn nbnmfemnrr n jì arlst arlstá, á, gisge ig gile äs krnmfis fljlauhfnfis ig qui vlvlng mnquihn eansláe.  Nsslg, e ‘aemtixte ngphe‗ fistn pnssnkig (@b >2?>->1) ì tefn n anrtn nes @ibrius, qui fivi sir istufnfn aege ug tefe pnrn ugn phimn aegpriimsáe fes imslmngimtes fe siu nuter.

(6ª) N  N

Isarlturn erlklmeu-si mug aemtixte `lstñrlae i sñ pefi sir  aegpriimflfn ä huz fn `lstñrln bçbhlan. 

 Issn rikrn eu prlmaçple fi lmtirpritnëáe trntn fe aimîrle `lstñrlae fn Bçbhln. Aege oî vlges nmtirlergimti, Fius fialflu rivihnr-si fimtre fe aemtixte fn vlfn `ugnmn, a`ngnmfe pnrn lsse gultes `e `eg gims ims ne hem hemke fi gul gultes tes nmes, mes, ne ness qunl unls rivi rivihe heu u n sun sun vemtnfi.

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  Nsslg, qunmfe aegiënrges messe istufe fi ugn pnssnkig fiviges mes lgnklmnr aege ug ripñrtir ig busan fi tefes es jntes, i jnzir ns sikulmtis pirkumtns?

(n) N quig jel isarlte n anrtn eu e hlvre qui isteu istufnmfe5 (b) ^unh ì e ‘pnme fi jumfe‗ `lstñrlae fe isarlter i fe hlvre qui isteu himfe5 ^unh n getlvnëáe fe nuter ne isarivir issi hlvre5 (a) ^unh jel n ixpirlïmaln eu eansláe qui fiu erlkig ä gimsnkig aemtlfn me tixte ig istufe5 (f) ^uig sáe es prlmalpnls pirsemnkims fe hlvre qui isteu himfe5 

 Aege ixigphe fn lgpertâmaln fissn rikrn, jnën ugn piquimn riaerfnëáe fes naemtialgimtes aemtlfes mn anrtn fi Tnuhe nes Kîhntns.

(9ª) Lmtirpriti

n ixpirlïmaln pissenh ä huz fn Isarlturn, i máe n Isarlturn ä huz fn ixpirlïmaln pissenh. 

 Ixigphe? E Meve Vistngimte máe imslmn qui,  perqui Oisus rissurklu

fes rissurklu gertes, Ihi e Jlh`e. fi Fius .  Ihi fesì gertes

Nmtis, perqui Ihi ì e Jlh`e fi Fius,

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 Es naemtialgimtes mnrrnfes me hlvre fi Ntes, per ixigphe, máe pefig sirvlr fi bnsi pnrn ixtrnlrges aemahusùis feutrlmîrlns3 

  Is Isti tiss na naem emti tial algi gimte mtess fi fivi vig g sir sir lm lmti tirpr rprit itnf nfes es ä hu huzz fn fnss pnss pnssnk nkim imss feutrlmîrlns.

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fialslvn vn  mn fn Lkrion ì lgpertnmti, gns máe fialsl (:ª)  N `lstñrln lmtirpritnëáe fn Isarlturn.

 N Lkrion máe fitirglmn e qui n Bçbhln imslmn.  N Bçbhln fitirglmn e qui n Lkrion imslmn.

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Nuterlfnfi     

Nuterlfnfi

Nuterlfnfi  

JNVE GNLQ AIMVRNH

 Ixigphes?

(n) Mes tigpes giflivnls n Lkrion imslmeu e Aihlbnte Ahirlanh3 (b) Misti gisge pirçefe giflivnh, n Lkrion ixnhteu Gnrln ä peslëáe fi lkunhfnfi aeg Fius3 (a) Imtritnmte, n ‘`lstñrln fn Lkrion‗ treuxi huz ä flvirsns feutrlmns bçbhlans jumfngimtnls, tnls aege, n feutrlmn fn ‘flvlmfnfi fi Arlste‗ i n feutrlmn fn ‘snhvnëáe pihn krnën‗, ntrnvìs fn jì.

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6  Gìtefe fi Nmîhlsi fe Zirsçauhe >. Fijlmlëáe E ‘Gìtefe fi Nmîhlsi fe Zirsçauhe‗ ì nquihi qui mes imslmn n istufnr e tixt tixtee bçbh bçbhla laee n pn pnrt rtlr lr fi ug ÿm ÿmla laee vi virs rsça çauh uhe, e, qu quii fi fivi vi si sirr istu istufn fnfe fe hivnmfe-si ig aemtn e siu aemtixte lgiflnte i e aemtixte bçbhlae mn sun tetn tetnhl hlfn fnfi fi.. Is Isti ti ì ug au aulf lfnf nfee ju jumfn mfngi gimt mtnh nh pn pnrn rn be beg g risu risuhtn htnfe fe fist fistii gìtefe, i n sun máe ebsirvâmaln pefi nanrritnr risuhtnfes virfnfilrngimti fisnstreses, qui sáe, fi ug gefe kirnh, es ebtlfes pihns gultns siltns aem`ialfns.

2. Eboitlve E prlma rlmalp lpnh nh nhv hvee fi fissti gìte gìtefe fe ì hiv hivnr e is istu tufn fnmt mtii n nm nmnnhls lsnnr aeg  prejumflfnfi ug ÿmlae virsçauhe fn Bçbhln, simfe isti ug ixiraçale fi rijhixáe fi krnmfi previlte, ig vlrtufi fi aemaimtrnrges messn ntimëáe ig ugn piquimn perëáe fe tixte bçbhlae. bç bhlae.

1. Itnpns Bîslans 1.> - Nphlanr aemstnmtigimti ns quntre (6) pnrtis bîslans fe istufe fn Bçb Bçbhln hln aulfnfesn (Eb (Ebsir sirvnë vnëáe áe, Lmtirp Lmtirprit ritnëá nëáe, e, Aer Aerrih rihnëá nëáee isti i Nph Nphlan lanëáe ëáe), ),veaï npñs npñsistnrî ugn hilturn fe, virsçauhe isaeh`lfe. Aeg ixiraçale rinhlznmfe n ixikisi  i n `irgimïutlan fe tixte isaeh`lfe, i ne gisge tigpe, istnrî nprejumfnmfe e siu aem`ialgimte nairan fe tign aimtrnh fissi rijirlfe tixte, aeg n rinhlznëáe fn ntlvlfnfi fn aerrihnëáe.

1.2 ‑ Fisaebrlr qunh ì e aemtixte (aemtixte prñxlge) ig qui e virsçauhe ig istufe istî lmsirlfe lmsirlfe i nsslmnhnr nsslmnhnr es sius hlglti hlgltis. s. Misti pemte veaï fivi riaerfnr qui e aemtixte prñxlge fi qunhquir virsçauhe ì tefn perëáe fi tixte nmtirler i/eu pestirler n isti rijirlfe virsçauhe qui si rijiri ne gisge tign eu nssumte fe tixte qui veaï istî istufnmfe.

- 2; -

 

1.1  ‑ Nmetnr tefns ns ebsirvnëùis aemtlfns me virsçauhe istufnfe i, tngb tngbìg ìg,, pe pess ssçv çvil ilss np nphl hlaanëù ëùiis. Nmeti meti fl fljl jlau auhf hfnnfi fiss isp ispia iaçj çjla lanns fi lmtirpritnëáe, istnbihiaimfe eboitlvngimti qunh ì n fljlauhfnfi. Lste lrî jnalhltnr e istufe pestirler fistns rijirlfns fljlauhfnfis. 1.6  ‑ Riisarivn risuglfngimti anfn ïmjnsi fe virsçauhe istufnfe aeg suns su ns prñ rñpr prln lnss pn pnhn hnvvrn rnss. Tr Trea eaur urii ixpri xpriss ssnr nr mi misstn itn itnpn pn,, e airm rmii fe  pimsngimte fe nuter, i, prlmalpnhgimti, n ‘lfiln prlmalpnh‗ qui ihi istî aegumlanmfe. 1.9 - Treauri ns rijirïmalns bçbhlans fi anfn lfiln aemtlfn me virsçauhe, virljlanmfe si ixlsti ‘eutrn lfiln‗ pnrialfn mn Bçbhln. Treauri virsçauhes quii nouf qu noufig ig n ix ixph phla lanr nr,, isah isahnr nria iair ir eu lhu lhust strn rnrr n lf lfil ilnn prl prlma malpn lpnhh qu quii e virsçauhe istufnfe trnmsglti. Ne preaifir fissi gefe, veaï istnrî aerrihnalemnmfe siu tixte aeg e ristnmti fns Isarlturns, i nsslg, isahnriaimfe eu imrlquiaimfe e nssumte istufnfe. 1.: - Fi tefns ns pessçvils nphlanëùis, isaeh`n nquihn qui veaï simtlu, imtimfiu eu piraibiu qui Fius quir qui veaï ixiauti ig sun vlfn.

6. Nphlanëáe Trîtlan > Tripnrnr ug istufe bçbhlae ig jergn fi isbeëe, usnmfe aege tixte bîslae e virsçauhe imaemtrnfe ig > Vissnhemlaimsis 9?>; (>Vs 9?>;)  >¿

Tnsse? Zirljlqui e aemtixte i nsslmnhi es hlgltis.

E aemtixte fisti virsçauhe sáe es virsçauhes lgiflntngimti nmtirler (vs. >:) i subsiquimti (vs. >0). (E)  2¿ Tnsse? Nmeti ns ebsirvnëùis i pessçvils nphlanëùis.

(E)

(>) Mist Mistii pnsse fiviges preaurn preaurnrr ns fljlauhfnf fljlauhfnfis is fe tixte (si `euvirig), istnbihiaimfe ispialjlangimti ispialjlangimti qunh ì n fljlauhfnfi3 (2) Imqunmte fisimvehviges ns eutrns itnpns, fiviges narisaimtnr ns mevns ebsirvnëùis qui jerig surklmfe mistn pnrti fe istufe. (1) Ixlstig me tixte i me aemtixte, trïs (1) erfims big ahnrns? ‘Rikezlonlves‗, ‘Ernl‗ i ‘Fnl Krnëns‗. (E) - 20 -

 

(6) Vefns istns erfims vig naegpnm`nfns fi ‘tirges gefljlanferis‗  (E)

 (n) Rikezlonl-ves sigpri3 (b) Ernl sig aissnr3 aissnr3 i (a) (a) Ig tufe, fnl krnën krnënss  

  N jrnsi? ‘... perqui istn ì n vemtnfi fi Fius ig Arlste Oisus pnrn aemvesae.‗, pnriai nphlanr-si nes trïs virsçauhes. (E) 

 Fnr krnëns (vs. >0) máe ì ug fes gius pemtes jertis. Vim`e n timfïmaln fi ‘risgumknr‗ nairan fi tufe3 (N)





 Iu gi ‘rikezloe‗ (vs. >:) äs vizis, gns mig sigpri3

(N)

 Aestuge ernr (vs. >;) aeg airtn aemstâmaln, gns máe fn jergn aege nqul ì imslmnfe (sig aissnr)3 à (N) 

  Vefe Vefess es ‘t ‘tir irge gess geflj gefljla lanf nfer eris is‗‗ (s (sig igpr pri, i, si sig g ai aissn ssnr, r, ig tu tufe) fe) ixprissng n lfiln fi aelsns aemtçmuns, lste ì, fi qui muman `nvirî eansláe ig qui issns nëùis máe fivng sir jiltns. (L)



Riisarivn risuglfngimti anfn ug fes virsçauhes aeg suns  prñprlns pnhnvrns. Treauri ixprissnr n ‘lfiln prlmalpnh‗ qui e isarlter   bçbhlae istî aegumlanmfe. (L)  1¿

Tnsse?

(>) Five nprimfir n ‘nhikrnr-gi isplrltunhgimti‗ (rikezlonr-gi) ig tefns ns sltu sltunë nëùi ùiss fn glm` glm`nn vl vlfn fn,, gi gisg sgee mnqu mnquiihns hns ‘s ‘slt ltun unëù ëùiis fi a`er a`ere‗ e‗,,  preaurnmfe imtimfir e qui Fius quir gi imslmnr mistns sltunëùis (Jh >?>2>0)3 (2) ‘Ernr sig aissnr‗, fivi sir ugn ntltufi fi vlfn, ug virfnfilre ‘istlhe fi vlfn‗, ntrnvìs fe qunh iu preaure gi gnmtir ig pirgnmimti aemtnte aeg Fius3 (1) Ne ‘fnr krnëns‗ ig tufe, iu figemstre qui seu subglsse ä vemtnfi fe Tnl. (6) Tnuhe gi imslmn nqul, qui istn ì n vemtnfi fi Fius pnrn n glm`n vlfn. Gns, iu sil qui sñ pesse rinhlznr issns aelsns, ‘ig Arlste Oisus‗. Treauri ns rijirïmalns bçbhlans fi anfn ug fistis virsçauhes, virljlanmfe si ixlsti ‘eutrn lfiln‗ pnrialfn mn Bçbhln. Treauri virsçauhes qui noufig n ixphlanr, isahnriair eu lhustrnr n lfiln prlmalpnh qui es virsçauhes trnmsgltig. (A)

 6¿

Tnsse?

- 2< -

 



 Ixigphes?

  Zs. >:

à Jlhlpimsis

6?63 Zs. >;

à Ijìsles

:?>03

  Zs. >0 à Regnmes >?2>3 Ijìsles 9?24. 9¿ Tnsse ? Fi eu tefns ns pessçvils nphlanëùis, isaeh`n nquihn veaï simtlu, imtimfiu piraibiu qui Fius quir qui veaï ixiauti ig qui sun vlfn.  (N)

(>) Qlmte-gi auhpnfe fi lmkrntlfáe flnmti fi gultns sltunëùis qui gi eaerrig. Zeu preaurnr substltulr n glm`n lmkrntlfáe per ixprissùis virbnls fi nkrnfialgimte n Fius3 (2) Zeu piflr pirfáe n Fius per lsse i, tngbìg, äs pissens imvehvlfns (si jer e anse). Quphlanril n Fius qui gi noufi n pör lsse ig prîtlan3 (1) Tiflril nes gius pnrimtis i nglkes qui gi noufig misti prepñslte, a`ngnmfe n glm`n ntimëáe qunmfe iu gi ixprissnr fi gefe g efe lmkrnte. ‘lfiln aimtrnh‗ fn pnssnkig. Kirnhgimti ixlsti ugn  pnhnvrn eu jrnsi, ig terme fn qunh e pimsngimte klrn. F Fiviges iviges pirkumtnr? ‘^unh ì e prepñslte prlmalpnh fn pnssnkig qui q ui isteu istufnmfe5‗ (Imslmnr feutrlmn5 Ixertnr n nhkugn nëáe5). (L)  :¿

Tnsse? Treauri n

  N ‘pnhnvrn-a`nvi‗ fisti tixte ì ernr. Isti ì e ÿmlae gile fi mes npreprlnrges fn krnën fi Fius, qui mes anpnaltn n simtlr nhikrlns sigpri i n fnr krnëns ig tufe, pels ntrnvìs fn ernëáe pefiges imtimfir n aemstnmti



‘nëáe fi Fius‗ ig messns vlfns. ;¿ Tnsse? Isaeh`n ug tign mn jergn fi ug tçtuhe, pnrn n pnssnkig ig istufe. 

 Ixigphe? ‘ZLZIMFE QEB N QEBIRNMLN FI FIYQ‗

9. Nphlanëáe Trîtlan 2 Treauri ixiraltnr e qui jel nmtirlergimti imslmnfe aeg e tixte fi 2 Tifre >?>?>: fisti anpçtuhe, i tirglmn me virse 2>.

Ì imtáe, fi ixtrign lgpertâmal lgper tâmaln, n, qui jnënges jnënges ugn hil hiltur turn n aulfnf aulfnfesn esn fe aemtix aemtixte te aegp aegphi hite te (>?> (>?>::-2> 2>). ). Ì gult gulte e lg lgpe pert rtnm nmti ti tngb tngbìg ìg,, hir hir tefe tefe tixt tixte e nmti nmtirl rler er (>?> (>?>-> ->9) 9),, pn pnrn rn snb snbir fe qui Tifr Tifre e vl vlm m`n jnhnmfe.

^u ^unh nh je jell e ti tign gn trnt trntnf nfe e mi mist sti i ti tixte xte (>?> (>?>::-2> 2>), ), i perqui (hî i imtáe) Tifre si prieau prieaupnv pnvn n aeg ist istis is jntes5

Yg tign pessçvih pnrn istis virses ì n ‘s ‘supi upirl rler erlfn lfnfi fi fn Tn Tnhn hnvr vrnn fi Fius‗,, qui istnvn simfe flsteralfn (hî Fius‗ i imtáe) per ‘jîbuhns imkim`esngimti lmvimt lmvimtnfn nfns‗ s‗ (>? (>?>: >:), ), lmtref lmtrefuzlf uzlfns ns per  jnhses gistris fnquihn eansláe (2?>1).

^unh ^unh ì n lg lgpe pert rtâm âmaln aln fi fisti stiss jntes pnrn mñs `eoi5 Nsslg aeg mnquihn eansláe, tiges, ‘nqul i nkern‗, gultes jnhses gistris, i gulte gul te imslm imslme e flster flsteralfe alfe.. ^unh ^unh fivi sir imtáe n messn ntltufi mistn quistáe5

E ivimte altnfe per Tifre (vs. >;->0), je jell e fn tr trnm nmsj sjlk lkur urnë nëáe áe fi Oisu Oisus, s, qunmf unmfe e ist stn nvn vng g pri risi sim mtis tis es npñste npñ stehes hes Tifre, Tifre, Vlnke i Oeáe Oeáe (Gt >;?>-9 i Ha > Regnmes >9?6 2 Tifre 1?>:

Gntius 1?>1->; Gnraes 2

Oeáe 9?1< 2 Tifre >?2>

(>) Anmfiln brlh`n?

qui

Gt 9?>93 Ha >>?1: (2) Fln qui ahnriln? Reg >1?>2->1 (1) N istrihn fn nhvn Mg 26?>;3 Np 22?>:

 

Mes virses 24 i 2>, Tifre ri riji jiri ri-s -si i äs Is Isar arlt ltur urns ns aege ugn prejialn me tefe fe siu aemtiÿfe.

E simtlfe ì e fi qui n Bçbhln ì n riv rivihn ihnëáe ëáe fn vemtnf vemtnfi i fi Fiu Fiuss pnrn pnrn tefn n sun arlnëáe, i nsslg, n pnhnvrn mihn aemtlfn ì ugn prejialn.

Ae Aege ge fivige fivigess imtim imtimfir  fir  issn njlrgnëáe5

Augpri, pertnmte, n anfn arlstáe ebsirvnr ntimtngimti e qui ns Isarlt Isa rlturn urnss mes imslmn imslmng, g, pel pelss is istn tnri rige gess im imtá táe e jnzi jnzimf mfe e n vemtnfi fi Fius.

2 Vlgñtie 1?>:3 Regnmes >?23 Regnmes >:?2:

^unmfe Tifre flz (vs. 24)  Nsslg, e qui Tifre fision imslmnr  qui ‘mim`ugn prejialn fn nqul, , ì qui e aemtiÿfe fn Bçbhln Isarlturn prevìg fi nqul aemtìg lmtirjirïmaln `ugnmn, pelsmáe ihn pnrtlauhn pnrt lauhnrr ihualfnëáe ihualfnëáe‗, ‗, ihi mes jel imtrikui per Fius, ntrnvìs fi ist istî î njlrgn njlrgnmfe mfe qui mnfn mnfn `e `egi gims ms qui qui je jern rng g ‘gev ‘gevlf lfes es pi pihe he mn Bçbhln jel isarlte perqui Isp Ispçrl çrlte te Qnmte‗ Qnmte‗,, mns mns suns suns gimtis gimtis i nhkums nhku ms `egims `egims fialflrng fialflrng aernëùis (vs. 2>) prefuzl-he per sç prñprles.

Isti jnte mes fî n airtizn fi

Kîhntns >?>>3

qui, qui, ne hirg hirges es n Bçbh Bçbhln ln,, máe máe ist istnge ngess himfe himfe nhke nhke prefuz prefuzlfe lfe Kîhntns 1?03 per `egims, i, pertnmte, suoilte n irre irress flvi flvirs rses es.. N Bç Bçbh bhln ln ì > Tifre >?>23 ‘lmirrnmti‗, perqui jel prefuzlfn pihn vemtnfi fi Fius > Aerçmtles >9?96

:. Nphlanëáe Trîtlan 1 Aemtlmui n ixiraltnr e qui jel nmtirlergimti imslmnfe aeg ug fes tixtes n sikulr? (n) > Ti 2?93 (b) Oe 6?>63 (a) Oe >9?63 (f) > Ti >?>1

- 12 -

 

9  Gìtefe Nmnhçtlae >. Fijlmlëáe E ‘Gìtefe Nmnhçtlae‗ ì nquihi qui mes imslmn n istufnr e tixte bçbhlae ig sius pergimeris, ixnglmnmfe aulfnfesn i aegphitngimti n pnssnkig ig istufe, aege si n ebsirvîssiges ntrnvìs fi ug glaresañple.

2. Eboitlve E prlmalpnh nhve fisti gìtefe ì hivnr e istufnmti n aegpriimfir e qui e isarlter bçbhlae tlm`n ig gimti qunmfe isariviu sun gimsnkig erlklmnh. Nsslg, nprimfiriges ntrnvìs fisti gìtefe, n riaemstrulr, táe ahnrngimti qunmte pessçvih, e pimsngimte erlklmnh fe nuter.

1. Itnpns Bîslans 1.>  - Nphlanr aemstnmtigimti ns quntre (6) pnrtis bîslans fe istufe fn Bçbhln Bçb hln (Eb (Ebsir sirvnë vnëáe áe,, Lmtirp Lmtirprit ritnëá nëáe, e, Aer Aerrih rihnëá nëáee i Nph Nphlan lanëáe ëáe), ), npñs npñs ugn hilturn aulfnfesn fi tefe e tixte. Ne jnzir isti ixiraçale veaï istnrî rinhlznmfe ug trnbnh`e fi ‘ixikisi‗ i fi ‘`irgimïutlan‗ aeg e tixte ig istufe. 1.2  - Fnr ispi ispialnh alnh ntimëáe (nmetnmfe aeg fistn fistnqui) qui) ns ‘pnhn ‘pnhnvrns-a vrns-a`nvi `nvis‗ s‗ eu ‘ixprissùis-a`nvi‗ imaemtrnfns me tixte bçbhlae. Nhkugns vizis e isarlter bçbhlaevizis usn ugn pnhnvrn ripitlfngimti n pnhnvrn ‘hlvre‗ ig Np 9)3 eutrns imaemtrnges e use lmtimslve(ix.? fi gitîjerns (ix.? 2 Vg - 11 -

 

2?>->1) qui jergng n bnsi fe pimsngimte fe nuter. Ig airtes hlvres ugn ‘pnhnvrn-a`nvi‗ ì ripitlfn gultns vizis, jnte qui fiviges nmetnr mn aehumn ‘ebsirvnëáe‗.  Aege ixigphe pefiges altnr e tirge ‘gih`er‗ eu ‘supirler‗ qui ì imaemtrnfe gultns vizis mn anrtn nes @ibrius (>?63 :?>?>:, >>?19 i >>?64), pels e nuter aegpnrn ne hemke fistn anrtn ns ‘funs rihlklùis‗ (oufnçsge i arlstlnmlsge) qui si npñlng `lsterlangimti mn rivi rivihn hnëá ëáee fl flvl vlmn mn,, fi fige gems mstr trnm nmfe fe qu quii e arl rlst stln lnml mlsg sgee ì ‘su supi pirl rler er‗‗ eu ‘gih`er‗ fe qui e oufnçsge.



  Nssl Nsslg, g, is issi siss sá sáee nhk hkum umss lm lmfç fçal ales es qui qui me mess hivn hivnrá ráee n fi fisa saeb ebrl rlrr e  pimsngimte erlklmnh fe nuter, hivnmfe-mes ä ‘lfiln aimtrnh‗ fn pnssnkig ig istufe. 

1.1 - Treauri fisaebrlr si e ‘jhuxe fi lfìlns‗ fn pnssnkig si flrlki pnrn n ixertnëáe ä nëáe eu pnrn e imslme fi feutrlmns. Qi jer nëáe, aemaimtrn-si mes virbes3 si jer feutrlmn, mes substnmtlves. 1.6  - Npñs fisaebrlr n ‘lfiln aimtrnh‗ fn pnssnkig, fisimvehvn istn rijirlfn lfiln jerguhnmfe ug tçtuhe pnrn e istufe, e qunh fivi risuglr e ‘tign fe tixte‗ ig istufe. Isti rijirlfe tign mes noufnrî n fisimvehvir e istufe fi gefe ahnre i hñklae. 1.9  - Me fi fisi simv mvehv ehvlg lgim imte te fi is istu tufe fe (prlm (prlmal alpn pnhg hgim imti ti qu qunm nmfe fe fn sun nphlanëáe n krupes fi istufe), slkn ugn siquïmaln hñklan qui fivi sir  aegp ae gpes estn tn fi me gçml gçmlge ge tr trïs ïs (1) (1) pnrt pnrtis is fl flst stlm lmtn tns? s? (n) (n) Lmtr Lmtrefu efuëá ëáe, e, (b) (b) Fisimvehvlgimte i (a) Aemahusáe i Nphlanëáe. Istns pnrtis jergnráe e qui si pefi a`ngnr fi ‘isbeëe‗ fe istufe bçbhlae. 6. Nphlanëáe Trîtlan > Tripnrnr ug istufe bçbhlae ig jergn fi isbeëe, usnmfe aege tixte bîslae e anpçtuhe fels (2) fn prlgilrn anrtn fi Tifre > Tifre 2?>->4 6.>- Tnhnvrns-A`nvis eu Ixprissùis-A`nvis me tixte?

(n) ‘n pifrn qui vlvi‗ (vs. 6)3 (b) ‘n pifrn nmkuhnr‗ (vs. :)3 (a) ‘fispeonmfe-ves‗ (vs. >)3 (f) ‘arlnmëns riaìg-mnsalfns‗ (vs. 2)3 - 16 -

 

(i) ‘ansn isplrltunh‗ (vs. 9). 6.2- Jhuxe fi lfìlns fn pnssnkig? p nssnkig?

(n) (n) Fi Fivi vige gess im imtá táee mes mes aema aemaim imtr trnnr mes mes virb virbes es (T (Tel elss tr trnt ntnn-si si fi ug ugnn  pnssnkig qui ixertn es hilteris hilteris ä nëáe) (b) Nhkums ixigphes?   ‘Arisair‗ (vs.2)3 



  ‘A`iknr‗ (vs.6)3



  ‘Ifljlanr‗ (vs. 9n)3



  ‘Ejiriair‗ (vs. 9b)

6.1 - Lfiln aimtrnh fn pnssnkig?

‘Aege nkern seges ugn ‘ansn isplrltunh‗ fi Fius, fiviges vlvir ugn vlfn arlstá ixigphnr‗.

6.6 - Vçtuhe eu Vign? ‘E Meve Istlhe fi Zlfn fe Teve fi Fius‗, eu, ‘N Tifrn qui Zlvi‗, eu, ‘N Ansn Isplrltunh fn Mevn Nhlnmën‗.

6.9 ‑ Isbeëe fe Istufe (n) Vign? ‘N Ansn Isplrltunh fn Mevn Nhlnmën‗ (b) Lmtrefuëáe 

 N lmtrefuëáe tig fels eboitlves prlmalpnls?

(>¿) Fispirtnr

lmtirissi mes euvlmtis qunmte ne nssumte - Messe eboitlve nqul fivi sir e fi fispirtnr máe npimns e lmtirissi lmtihiatunh, gns, tngbìg, tngbì g, ug lmti lmtirissi rissi isplrltun isplrltunhh i prît prîtlae, lae, jnzimfe aeg qui es euvlm euvlmtis tis imtrig ig slmtemln aeg e nssumte qui vnl sir nprisimtnfe. N gih`er jergn fi rinhlznr isti prepñslte ì flzir nhke qui lgiflntngimti lmtirissi n gimti fe euvlmti. (2¿) Tripnrî-hes

pnrn qui imtimfng e nssumte ‑ E qui pefi sir jilte aeg ugn hlkilrn ixphlanëáe fe slkmljlanfe fe tixte, eu, fe aemtixte, qunmfe n - 19 -

 

aegpriimsáe fisti isahnriai e simtlfe fe istufe eu fn gimsnkig aege ug tefe. Máe fivi sir isquialfe e ‘pnme fi jumfe‗ `lstñrlae fi nhkums hlvres auoe aem`ialgimte ì issimalnh pnrn e imtimflgimte aegphite fe tixte (ix.? Anrtn nes @ibrius, nes Kîhntns, e Npeanhlpsi, i ita.). E eboitlve fn gimsnkig (eu istufe) fivi sir slmtitlznfe, pnrn qui es euvlmtis snlbng nmtialpnfngimti qunh ì n prepeslëáe fistn. (a) Fisimvehvlgimte

Ì misti tñplae qui e istufe (eu gimsnkig) tig n sun nrkugimtnëáe fisimvehvlfn, e qui fivi sir jilte fi jergn hñklan i siquimalnh. Mn gnlerln fnss vi fn vizi ziss e pr prñpr ñprle le ti tixt xtee is isae aeh` h`lf lfee oî ae aemt mtìg ìg fl flvl vlsù sùis is mn mntu turn rnls ls qu quii naegpnm`ng e pimsngimte fe nuter bçbhlae, i, misti anse, istn sirî n gih`er jergn fi aemfuzlr e istufe eu n gimsnkig (Ix? Rg >2?>-2). (f) Aemahusáe i Nphlanëáe 6.: ‑

Vnbihn fn Ixikisi ‑ Trntlqui n ixikisi fisti tixte (>Tifre 2?>->4) aeg n nphlanëáe fns ‘quntre pnrtis bîslans‗ fe istufe fn Bçbhln, aege ixigphljlanfe nbnlxe.

Ebsirvnëáe

Lmtirpritnëáe

 Nphlanëáe

(Hî i Imtáe)

(Hî i Imtáe)

(Nqul i Nkern)

6.; ‑

Aerrihnëáe

Ixigphe Trîtlae? Ixigphljlae n sikulr, aege e istufe fisti tixte  pefirln sir ihnbernfe. Zeaï, prevnvihgimti, jnrln fi gefe fljirimti, ppels els Fius jnhn ne aernëáe fi anfn ug fi mñs fi gefe tngbìg fljirimalnfe.

- 1: -

 



 Vixte bnsi? > Ti 2?>->4

 Vixtes Aerrihntes? Rg :3 Qh >>0?22-213 Gt 2>?623 Nt 6?>>3 > Ae >4?63 Ij 2?24-223 > Ae 1?>> 

 E tixte bnsi fisti istufe (> Ti 2?>->4) mes jnhn fi nhke fi jumfngimtnh lgpertâmaln, misti gegimte ig qui lmlalnges gnls ug nme, i auoe lmçale  oî jel fivlfngimti aegigernfe per tefes mñs. Nhke fi jumfngimtnh tnmte 

 pnrn n lkriontigpe fi Arlste, Areu lste, aege fns pnrnsuns tefes nquihis qui euvlrig istns pnhnvrns n qunhquir lmstnmti vlfns.  Zlviges ug gegimte ig qui n pissen, n vlfn, i n ebrn fi Oisus tig slfe gnls i gnls quistlemnfns ntrnvìs fes gnls flvirses giles flspemçvils ig me mess ssnn ki kirn rnëá ëáe. e. Flvi Flvirs rsns ns ‘v ‘vir irsù sùis is‗‗ na nair iran an fn su sunn vl vlfn fn i `l `lst stñr ñrln ln (ebvl (eb vlng ngim imti ti,, big big fl flvi virs rsns ns fn fnqu quih ihnn np npri risi simt mtnf nfnn me mess ivnm ivnmki kih`e h`es) s) tïg tïg npnrialfe mn gçfln fi ug gefe kirnh, qunsi sigpri flsteraimfe e qui n lkrion aem`iai ntrnvìs fns rivihnëùis fe Meve Vistngimte.

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 Yg beg ixigphe fisti jnte imaemtrn-si riklstrnfe ig aem`ialfn rivlstn fi messe pnçs, a`ngnfn ‘QYTIR LMVIRIQQNMVI‗, mn sun ÿhtlgn iflëáe fi fizigbre/2442. Ig nrtlke nsslmnfe pihe ripñrtir Refrlke Anvnhanmti, lmtltuhnfe, ‘N ZIRFNFILRN @LQVÑRLN FI OIQYQ‗, flvirses jntes sáe altnfes aege ‘lmaerrites‗ mns mnrrntlvns fes ivnmkih`es, tnls aege?

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(>¿) Oisus Arlste máe mnsaiu ig Bihìg, i slg, ig Mnznrì, mn Knhlhìln (pk. 61)3 (2¿) N tirrçvih ixiauëáe erfimnfn per @irefis i n jukn fi Gnrln i Oesì  pnrn e Iklte, máe tirln eaerrlfe (pk. 61), simfe isti ÿhtlge jnte mnrrnfe mes ivnmkih`es npimns ugn ‘hlaimën peìtlan‗ fe tixte bçbhlae, pnrn slgbehlznr  qui Oisus irn e meve Gelsìs3 - 1; -

 

  (1¿) Es

trïs rils gnkes nprisimtnfes mes ivnmkih`es aege rils erlimtnls qui vlirng nfernr e meve ‘ril fes oufius‗, oufius‗, máe tirlng tirlng rinh rinhgimti gimti ixlstlf ixlstlfe, e,  pels es `lsterlnferis máe viig bnsi bnsi pnrn tnh `lstñrln iispnmtesn spnmtesn (pk. 61)3  Imtritnmte, e qui gi filxn pirphixe, máe sáe preprlngimti istis jntes altnfes mn rijirlfn pubhlanëáe, pels ì gulte aegug qui pissens máe arlstás

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arilng i jnëng njlrgntlvns fi Oisus fi gefe fljirimti qui mihi arïig. E qui rinhgimtinairan gi anuseu ispnmte i trlstizn jel fnquihis qui flvirses ‘aemsuhteri ‘aems uhteris‗ s‗ fe flte ripñrtir jerng tiñhe tiñhekes kes fi flvirs flvirsns ns Ymlvirslfnf Ymlvirslfnfis is i Qiglmîrles arlstáes, qui jermiairng bnsi ntrnvìs fi pisqulsns `lstñrlans i nrquiehñklans äs njlrgntlvns nalgn altnfns, imtri eutrns.  Me tixte qui nanbnges fi hir, e npñstehe Tifre usn n bihn gitîjern fn ‘pifrn qui vlvi‗ pnrn si rijirlr n Oisus. Istn ‘pifrn‗ riaibi misti tixte nhkums nfoitlves qui n sltung ig hnfes ixtriges eu epestes?

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(n) ‘Tif ‘Tifrn rn qui vlvi, rioiltnf rioiltnfn, n, slg pihes `egims (ug fes ixtriges), ixtriges), gns  pnrn aeg Fius ihiltn i prialesn‗ (e eutre ixtrige - vs. 6)3 (b)‘pifrn nmkuhnr, ihiltn i prialesn‗ (vs. :), i, ‘pifrn fi trepiëe i rea`n fi ejimsn‗ (vs. 0n)3 (a) ‘pi ‘pifrn frn qui es aemstr aemstrute uteris ris rioil rioiltnr tnrng‗ ng‗ (vs (vs.. ;n), ;n), i, ‘prlmalp ‘prlmalpnh nh pifrn pifrn nmkuhnr‗ (vs. ;b)  

 Aege pefiges imtimfir isti jnte, i per qui Oisus, n ‘pifrn qui vlvi‗,  pefi riprisimtnr ne gisge tigpe ngbes es ixtriges gimalemnfes5 Ziriges n sikulr qui istn ì ugn fns anrnatirçstlans fe Qim`er Oisus ne hemke fi tefn n `lstñrln fn lkrion. Ihi si termeu ug ‘flvlser fi îkuns‗ fn 

`lstñrln `ugnmn, ntì gisge ig rihnëáe ä aremehekln fistn, qui npñs n sun gerti ger ti pns pnsseu seu n sir jiltn ntrnvìs ntrnvìs fns nbriv nbrivlnë lnëùis ùis n.A. n.A. i f.A f.A.. Imt Imtrit ritnmt nmte, e, nqul, misti tixte, `î nhke fi jumfngimtnh pnrn e peve fi Fius, pels e npñstehe Tifre mes ixertn n ug meve istlhe fi vlfn, qui tig mistn ‘pifrn‗ n sun rnzáe jumfngimtnh fi sir i ixlstlr. Ns suns sîblns pnhnvrns n tefes mñs sáe?  ‘A`iknmfe-ves pnrn ihi, n pifrn qui vlvi, rioiltnfn slg, pihes `egims, gns pnrn aeg Fius ihiltn i prialesn...‗ (vs. 6).

- 10 -

 

 Istufnmfe aeg ntimëáe e prisimti tixte, viges qui e npñstehe Tifre mes imslmn es sikulmtis jntes nairan fistn ‘pifrn‗ ihiltn i prialesn? 

(>¿) Istn ‘pifrn‗ ì, fi ug gefe kirnh, ‘rioiltnfn pihes `egims‗, igbern ihiltn i prialesn pnrn aeg Fius (vs. 6). Isti ì ug jnte aeg e qunh mes aemjremtnges n tefe gegimte ig messn vlfn fi tistigum`e. E gumfe aege ug tefe jnz aeg qui n preahngnëáe fe ivnmkih`e sion ugn ‘pifrn rioiltnfn‗, nhke lgpessçvih fi sir nailte, riaiblfe i vlvlfe. 

E npñstehe Oeáe ne fisarivir n imanrmnëáe fe ‘Zirbe‗ (Oisus, e Jlh`e fi Fius) me prlgilre anpçtuhe fe siu ivnmkih`e, flz ahnrngimti qui, ‘E 

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Zirbe istnvn me gumfe, e gumfe jel jilte per lmtirgìfle fihi, gns e gumfe máe e  aem`iaiu. Zile pnrn e qui irn siu, i es sius máe e riaibirng‗  (Oe >?>4->>).

(2¿)  Is Istn tn ‘pi pifr frnn‗ preve reveaaeu e surk surklg lgim imte te fi ug fes fes jnte ntes gnls nls nbimëenfes fn Mevn Nhlnmën, qui jel n lkrion fi Arlste, n ‘ansn isplrltunh‗ fn qunh nkern jnziges pnrti aege eutrns ‘pifrns qui vlvig‗ (vs. 9). ^unmfe higes isti virsçauhe, pefiges ebsirvnr aege Tifre si npñln ig flvirses ihigimtes ihigimtes fe auhte hivç hivçtlae tlae pnrn mes imslm imslmnr nr quig seges mñs nkern mn Mevn Nhlnmën. Ns gitîjerns hivçtlans sáe ahnrns? n ‘ansn fi Lsrn Lsrnih ih‗, ‗, pe peve ve ih ihil ilte te fi Fi Fius us mn Nm Nmtl tlkn kn Nh Nhln lnmë mën, n, nk nker ernn ì ug ugnn ‘a ‘ans nsnn isplrltunh‗ (n lkrion)3 es snairfetis qui mnquihi auhte ejirialng snarljçales flîrles n Fius, i qui pnrn lsse irng sipnrnfes, i per lste, snmtes, nkern si aegpùi fi tefe nquihi qui ariu mn ‘pifrn qui vlvi‗3 es snarljçales nmtis

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eji ejiri rial alfe fes s mn sijergn jertrnmsjergeu gn fi nmlgn nmlgnls aemt mtlm lmun ungi gimt mti sn snar arlj ljla lanf nfes es me nhtn nhqui tnr  r  hivçtlae, nkern iglsugae snarljçale fii mnturizn isplrltunh, sáe es messes heuveris, n messn vlfn fi nfernëáe, es messes ntes i ntltufis fi tetnh imtrikn, i n preahngnëáe fe jumfngimte fistn mevn ìtlan fi vlfn (Rg >2?>).  Ì n vlfn fi anfn ug fi sius flsaçpuhes rijhitlmfe imtri es `egims n  prñprln lgnkig fe qui Ihi rinhgimti ì, fnç, airtngimti, n lgnkig fi ‘pifrns qui vlvig‗ jergnmfe ug ifljçale isplrltunh qui tig m“Ihi n sun  prñprln bnsi i rnzáe fi sir. Qeges nkern ‘pifrns qui vlvig‗ perqui riaibiges n virfnfilrn vlfn f“Ihi qui mes jel ejirtnfn pihn ixahuslvn 

krnën glsirlañrfln Fius.ugIsarivimfe nes ijìsles, Tnuhe mesOisus imslmn qui esiarlstáes jergngfinkern ifljçale isplrltunh me qunh Arlste ìn - 1< -

 

‘pifrn nmkuhnr‗, sebri n qunh tefes mñs istnges simfe ifljlanfes aege ug ‘ifljçale big noustnfe‗, ug virfnfilre snmtuîrle pnrn n `nbltnëáe fi Fius ntrnvìs fe Ispçrlte Qnmte (Ij 2?24-22).

(1¿)  Istn ‘pifrn‗ tig ug sñhlfe i lgutîvih jumfngimte mn vemtnfi sebirnmn fi Fius (vs. :). ‘Tels lsse istî mn Isarlturn? Ils qui pem`e ig Qláe ugn pifrn nmkuhnr, ihiltn i prialesn3 i quig mihn arir máe sirî, fi gefe nhkug, imvirkem`nfe‗.

Nsslg, pefiges imtimfir qui isti máe ì ug jnte meve i fisaem`ialfe, lmvimtnfe ripimtlmngimti pihe npñstehe Tifre i pihes fignls npñstehes mnquihi gegimte, oî táe flstnmti fe surklgimte fes prlgilres flsaçpuhes i fn lkrion. Ì, airtngimti per lsse, qui Tifre altn e Nmtlke Vistngimte per  funs vizis misti aurte tixte. 

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 Mn prlgilrn viz, ihi gimalemn e prejitn Lsnçns (Ls 20?>: 20?>:)) qui mug ahnre

aemtixte fi aemfimnëáe ä ntltufi fisebiflimti fi Lsrnih, prejitlzeu aeg ns sikulmtis sikulm tis pnhnv pnhnvrns? rns? ‘Tertnmte, nsslg flz e QIM@ER Fius? Ils qui iu nssimtil  ig Qláe ugn pifrn, pifrn oî prevnfn, pifrn prialesn, nmkuhnr, sehlfngimti  nssimtnfn nssi mtnfn33 nquih nquihii qui arir máe jeki‗ . Ziges nsslg, qui tefn nëáe rihntlvn ä

ebrn fi Arlste tig ig Fius n sun erlkig, pels Ihi gisge flz? Ils qui iu nssimtil ig Qláe...‗. Qláe nqul ì e gemti Qláe, sigpri usnfe me Nmtlke Vistngimte aege riprisimtnmti slgbñhlae fi tefe e rilme fi Lsrnih. Fius istî mes flzimfe, pertnmte, qui e nhlairai fe siu rilme, ì istn pifrn nmkuhnr, ihiltn i prialesn, rnzáe fi sir fe rilme, i siu jumfngimte sñhlfe i lmnbnhîvih. 

 Mn sikumfn altnëáe (vs. ;b), nlmfn mug aemtixte fi ahnrn aemfimnëáe, Tifre Ti fre altn altn e Qn Qnhg hgee >>0?2 >>0?222-21, 21, qui me mess fl flz? z? ‘ N  N pifrn qui es aemstruteris 

rioiltnrng, issn vile n sir n prlmalpnh pifrn, nmkuhnr3 lste preaifi fe QIM@ER i  ì gnrnvlh`ese nes messes eh`es‗ . Es ‘aemstruteris‗, nqul gimalemnfes, ì ugn

ahnrn nhusáe nes hçfiris oufnlaes qui aemfuzlng e peve ne irre i ne njnstngimte fisti sñhlfe jumfngimte qui ì Oisus. Jel fistn jergn qui Oisus nphlaeu isti tixte qunmfe imjrimteu n rioilëáe fes hçfiris oufnlaes fi sun ìpean, qui quistlemnvng Qun nuterlfnfi pnrn rinhlznr es glhnkris qui Ihi jnzln imtáe me siu gile (Gt 2>?62-66). Gnls tnrfi e npñstehe Tnuhe tngbìg jiz use fistis tixtes pnrn ixphlanr n rioilëáe fe peve oufiu ne siu Gisslns pregitlfe (Rg