HyperMesh 11.0 User Guide

HyperWorks 11.0 HyperMesh User Guide

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The following countries have distributors for Altair Engineering: Asia Pacific: Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand Europe: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Spain, Turkey. © 2011 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated to another language without the written permission of Altair Engineering, Inc. To obtain this permission, write to the attention Altair Engineering legal department at: 1820 E. Big Beaver, Troy, Michigan, USA, or call +1-248-614-2400. ® HyperWorks 11.0 Release Notes

Trademark and Registered Trademark Acknowledgments

Listed below are Altair® HyperWorks® applications. Copyright© Altair Engineering Inc., All Rights Reserved for: HyperMesh® 1990-2011; HyperCrash™ 2001-2011; OptiStruct® 1996-2011; RADIOSS® 1986-2011; HyperView® ® ® ® ® 1999-2011; HyperView Player 2001-2011; HyperStudy 1999-2011; HyperGraph 1995-2011; MotionView 1993® ® ® 2011; MotionSolve 2002-2011; HyperForm 1998-2011; HyperXtrude 1999-2011; Process Manager™ 2003-2011; Templex™ 1990-2011; Data Manager™ 2005-2011; MediaView™ 1999-2011; BatchMesher™ 2003-2011; TextView™ 1996-2011; HyperMath™ 2007-2011; ScriptView™ 2007-2011; Manufacturing Solutions™ 2005-2011; HyperWeld™ 2009-2011; HyperMold™ 2009-2011; solidThinking™ 1993-2011; solidThinking Inspired™ 2009-2011; Durability Director™ 2009-2011; Suspension Director™ 2009-2011; AcuSolve™ 1997-2011; and AcuConsole™ 2006-2011. In addition to HyperWorks® trademarks noted above, GridWorks™, PBS™ Gridworks®, PBS™ Professional®, PBS™ and Portable Batch System® are trademarks of ALTAIR ENGINEERING INC., as is patent # 6,859,792. All are protected under U.S. and international laws and treaties. All other marks are the property of their respective owners.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide

Graphical User Interface Toolbar/Panel Changes in HyperMesh 11.0 ...........................................................................................................................................2 Standard Toolbar Changes ...........................................................................................................................................3 Standard Views Toolbar Changes ...........................................................................................................................................5 Visualization Toolbar Changes ...........................................................................................................................................6 Geometry Panel Changes ...........................................................................................................................................8 HyperMesh Color Options dialog ...........................................................................................................................................14 HyperMesh Menu Bar ...........................................................................................................................................19 HyperMesh Toolbars ...........................................................................................................................................22 Collectors Toolbar ...........................................................................................................................................23 Checks Toolbar ...........................................................................................................................................25 Display Toolbar ...........................................................................................................................................27 Visualization Toolbar ...........................................................................................................................................29 Element..............................................................................................................................37 and ply visualization HyperMesh tabs ...........................................................................................................................................40 HyperMesh Calculator ...........................................................................................................................................41 Browsers Basic...........................................................................................................................................44 Browser Operations Sorting Entities ...........................................................................................................................................46 Filtering Entities ...........................................................................................................................................47 Finding Entities ...........................................................................................................................................50 Dialogs ...........................................................................................................................................52 Connector Browser ...........................................................................................................................................54 Link Entity Browser ...........................................................................................................................................56 Link Entity Browser Action Modes Tools ..............................................................................................................................57 Link Entity Browser View Option Toggle buttons ..............................................................................................................................59 Link Entity Browser Advanced Action Buttons ..............................................................................................................................65 Link Entity Browser Global Display Tools ..............................................................................................................................66 Link Entity Browser Context Menu ..............................................................................................................................67 Link Entity Browser Configuration Window ..............................................................................................................................69 Connector Entity Browser ...........................................................................................................................................71 Connector Entity Browser Action Modes Tools ..............................................................................................................................74 Connector Entity Browser View Option Toggle Buttons ..............................................................................................................................76 Connector Entity Browser Advanced Action Buttons ..............................................................................................................................82 Connector Entity Browser Global Display Tools ..............................................................................................................................83 Connector Entity Browser Context Menu ..............................................................................................................................84 Connector Entity Browser Configuration Window ..............................................................................................................................88

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Utility Tool Set - Connector Browser ...........................................................................................................................................91 Link Definition ...........................................................................................................................................92 Add Link ...........................................................................................................................................93 Remove Links ...........................................................................................................................................96 Update Links ...........................................................................................................................................97 Modifying Link Rules ..............................................................................................................................100 Modifying Link States ..............................................................................................................................103 Part Replacement ..............................................................................................................................106 Find Connectors from Parts or Links ...........................................................................................................................................111 Find Connectors from Realizations ...........................................................................................................................................112 Find Links from Connectors ...........................................................................................................................................113 Entity State Browser ...........................................................................................................................................114 Entity State Browser Context Menu ...........................................................................................................................................116 Model Browser ...........................................................................................................................................118 Model Browser Views ...........................................................................................................................................122 Model ..............................................................................................................................129 Browser Optimization View Model ..............................................................................................................................131 Browser Include View Direct/Indirect Property Assignment ..............................................................................................................................133 Direct/Indirect Property View ..............................................................................................................................135 Display Controls & Browser Modes ...........................................................................................................................................140 Global ..............................................................................................................................141 Display Tools Local Display Controls ..............................................................................................................................142 Action ..............................................................................................................................144 Mode Tools Context-Sensitive Menu ...........................................................................................................................................152 Configuring the Model Browser ...........................................................................................................................................156 Loadsteps Browser ...........................................................................................................................................158 Loadsteps Browser: OptiStruct & Nastran Profiles ...........................................................................................................................................160 To Create a New Loadstep ..............................................................................................................................162 To Edit..............................................................................................................................163 a Loadstep To Display a Loadstep ..............................................................................................................................165 To Rename, Renumber, Delete, or Edit the Card of a Loadstep ..............................................................................................................................166 To Edit..............................................................................................................................167 the Global Options of a Loadstep Loadsteps: Auto-manage Load References ..............................................................................................................................168 Mask Browser ...........................................................................................................................................169 Mask Browser Context Menu ...........................................................................................................................................171 Set...........................................................................................................................................172 Browser To Set Display Options for the Set Browser ...........................................................................................................................................173 To Use the Set Browser's Right-click Functionality ...........................................................................................................................................174 To Change the Set Browser's Display and Export States ...........................................................................................................................................176 Solver Browser ...........................................................................................................................................177 Utility Menus ...........................................................................................................................................181

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Default Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................183 QA/Model Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................184 BOM Comparison Tool ..............................................................................................................................187 BOM Comparison Tool GUI ..........................................................................................................................188 BOM Comparison Tool Control Section ..........................................................................................................................190 BOM Comparison Tool Tree Section ..........................................................................................................................192 BOM Comparison Tool Master Column ..........................................................................................................................194 BOM Comparison Tool BOM Display Section ..........................................................................................................................195 BOM Comparison Tool Metadata Display Section ..........................................................................................................................198 BOM Comparison Tool Failed Records Section ..........................................................................................................................199 Disp Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................200 Geom/Mesh Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................201 Preserve Edges ..............................................................................................................................203 Project..............................................................................................................................205 Points Auto Connectors Macro ..............................................................................................................................206 Master..........................................................................................................................209 Weld Files Diameter vs. Thickness Files ..........................................................................................................................210 ACM Welds ..........................................................................................................................211 CWELD Elements ..........................................................................................................................214 Midsurf..............................................................................................................................215 Thickness To assign thickness and z-offset values using the Elements option ..........................................................................................................................219 To assign thickness and z-offset values using the Properties on Components option ..........................................................................................................................220 To assign thickness and z-offset values using the Properties on Elements option ..........................................................................................................................221 To organize elements using the Organize Only option ..........................................................................................................................222 To contour thickness and z-offset values using the Elements option ..........................................................................................................................223 To contour thickness and z-offset values using the Properties on Components option ..........................................................................................................................224 To contour thickness and z-offset values using the Properties on Elements option ..........................................................................................................................225 Gauge..........................................................................................................................226 File Format & Example Midsurf Thickness Behavior Under Different User Profiles ..........................................................................................................................227 Quick TetraMesh ..............................................................................................................................235 Fix 2nd..............................................................................................................................239 Order Midnodes Add Washer ..............................................................................................................................243 Trim Hole Macro ..............................................................................................................................246 Fill Hole Macro ..............................................................................................................................248 Box Trim Macro ..............................................................................................................................250 Bead utility ..............................................................................................................................253 Fix Sliver Tetra Elements ..............................................................................................................................255 Abaqus Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................259 Contact Manager ..............................................................................................................................261

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Interface Tab ..........................................................................................................................263 Surface Tab ..........................................................................................................................290 Surface Interaction Tab ..........................................................................................................................330 Dummy..............................................................................................................................341 Positioning Process Manager Solid Face Alignment Utility ..............................................................................................................................343 Step Manager ..............................................................................................................................344 Step Manager Dialog Environment ..........................................................................................................................347 Step Manager Tab Environment ..........................................................................................................................349 Abaqus Step Manager Step Tab ..........................................................................................................................350 Abaqus Step Manager Load Case Tab ..........................................................................................................................430 ANSYS Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................432 ANSYS Component Manager ..............................................................................................................................433 To Create a Component Collector ..........................................................................................................................435 To Create a Component Card with the Component Manager ..........................................................................................................................437 To Edit..........................................................................................................................438 a Component Card ANSYS Material Macro ..............................................................................................................................439 Create..........................................................................................................................441 Material Dialog Edit Material Dialog ..........................................................................................................................442 ANSYS Section Macro ..............................................................................................................................443 Create..........................................................................................................................445 Section Dialog Edit Section Dialog ..........................................................................................................................447 To Create a SECDATA Card with the Section Macro ..........................................................................................................................449 ANSYS Real Sets Macro ..............................................................................................................................453 Create..........................................................................................................................455 Real Sets Dialog Edit Real Sets Dialog ..........................................................................................................................456 ANSYS ET Type Macro ..............................................................................................................................457 Create..........................................................................................................................459 ETType Dialog Edit ETType Dialog ..........................................................................................................................460 ANSYS Convert to Special 2nd Order Macro ..............................................................................................................................461 ANSYS Contact Manger ..............................................................................................................................464 Auto Contact - ANSYS Interface ..........................................................................................................................469 To Set..........................................................................................................................471 Up an Auto Contact Run Auto Contact Browser ..........................................................................................................................473 Modifying Auto Contact Entities ..........................................................................................................................475 Modal ..............................................................................................................................476 Analysis Tool LS-DYNA Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................477 Error Check ..............................................................................................................................479 Part Info ..............................................................................................................................482 Name Mapping ..............................................................................................................................483 Clone Part ..............................................................................................................................484 Create..............................................................................................................................485 Part

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Part Replacement ..............................................................................................................................486 To use..............................................................................................................................492 the Convert To Rigid macro Convert..............................................................................................................................493 To Rigid Flow Chart Component Table ..............................................................................................................................494 Material Table ..............................................................................................................................499 Customizing Views of the Material Table ..........................................................................................................................501 Creating, Editing, and Loading Materials ..........................................................................................................................503 Managing Materials ..........................................................................................................................505 Sort Materials ..........................................................................................................................506 Create..........................................................................................................................507 a New Material Edit a ..........................................................................................................................508 Material's Properties Merge..........................................................................................................................509 Materials Find Duplicate Materials ..........................................................................................................................510 See the Load Curve for a Material ..........................................................................................................................511 Export..........................................................................................................................512 Data from the Material Table MADYMO Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................513 NASTRAN Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................516 Nastran1 Page ..............................................................................................................................517 BCTABLE Manager ..........................................................................................................................518 Nastran Part Replacement ..........................................................................................................................521 Rigid Spider ..........................................................................................................................525 PartInfo ..........................................................................................................................526 Component Table ..........................................................................................................................527 Property Table ..........................................................................................................................534 Materials Table ..........................................................................................................................538 RSSCON Create ..........................................................................................................................539 RSPLINE Create ..........................................................................................................................540 TABLE..........................................................................................................................541 Create Nastran2 Page ..............................................................................................................................543 Convert Shells ..........................................................................................................................544 Display..........................................................................................................................545 SETs Tag on..........................................................................................................................546 Nodes SPOINT ..........................................................................................................................547 PAM-CRASH 2G Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................548 Tool Menu ..............................................................................................................................549 Dummy Positioning Tool Start Macro ..........................................................................................................................552 Part Replacement Macro ..........................................................................................................................557 Part Info Macro ..........................................................................................................................559 Substructure Tool Macro ..........................................................................................................................560 RBODY Manager Macro ..........................................................................................................................561 Apply ..........................................................................................................................564 Initial Metric Macro

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Organize Xlinks Macro ..........................................................................................................................565 MASS..........................................................................................................................566 Manager Macro Input Fields in the Show ID Ranges User Interface ..........................................................................................................................567 Find Menu ..............................................................................................................................568 Card Menu ..............................................................................................................................569 Sum Menu ..............................................................................................................................571 M1 Menu ..............................................................................................................................572 M2 Menu ..............................................................................................................................574 Conn Menu ..............................................................................................................................577 GES Macro ..............................................................................................................................579 Component Table Macro ..............................................................................................................................582 PERMAS Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................583 Convert..............................................................................................................................584 Groups Creating an NLLOAD Card ..............................................................................................................................585 RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................588 Tools Menu ..............................................................................................................................589 RBODY Manager ..........................................................................................................................591 Part Info ..........................................................................................................................594 Clone ..........................................................................................................................595 Part Create..........................................................................................................................596 Part ADMAS Manager ..........................................................................................................................597 Engine..........................................................................................................................599 File Tool Meshless Welds Macro ..........................................................................................................................614 Material Table Macro ..........................................................................................................................620 Model ..........................................................................................................................622 Check Macro Component Table ..........................................................................................................................623 Other Tools ..............................................................................................................................631 Accelerometer Tool ..........................................................................................................................632 Relative Displacement Tool ..........................................................................................................................633 BCs Manager Tool ..........................................................................................................................635 RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct Utility Menu ...........................................................................................................................................640 Summary Page ..............................................................................................................................641 FEA Page ..............................................................................................................................643 I-DEAS to RADIOSS ..........................................................................................................................645 Export..........................................................................................................................646 in MDL Part Replacement ..........................................................................................................................647 Material Table ..........................................................................................................................651 Component Table ..........................................................................................................................653 Property Table ..........................................................................................................................655 Load Collector Table ..........................................................................................................................657 Buckling ..........................................................................................................................659

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RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Model Checker ..........................................................................................................................660 Opti Page ..............................................................................................................................663 Voxelmesh ..........................................................................................................................665 Matfrac..........................................................................................................................667 Reg. Volfrac ..........................................................................................................................668 PBAR,..........................................................................................................................669 PROD Opti. CBAR,..........................................................................................................................670 CROD Opti. Design..........................................................................................................................672 Variables Design..........................................................................................................................675 Constraints HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Example Template Code ...........................................................................................................................................686 Example FE-Input Code ...........................................................................................................................................688 User Profiles ...........................................................................................................................................695 Include Files ...........................................................................................................................................697 Support of Includes: Abaqus ...........................................................................................................................................700 Support of Includes: LS-Dyna ...........................................................................................................................................701 Nodes ...........................................................................................................................................702 Collectors and Collected Entities ...........................................................................................................................................708 Assemblies ...........................................................................................................................................712 Components ...........................................................................................................................................718 Points ..............................................................................................................................729 Lines ..............................................................................................................................730 Surfaces ..............................................................................................................................731 Solids ..............................................................................................................................732 Elements ..............................................................................................................................733 Bar2 ..........................................................................................................................816 Bar3 ..........................................................................................................................817 Gap ..........................................................................................................................818 Hex8 ..........................................................................................................................819 Hex20..........................................................................................................................820 Joint ..........................................................................................................................821 Mass ..........................................................................................................................822 Master3 ..........................................................................................................................823 Master4 ..........................................................................................................................824 Penta6..........................................................................................................................825 Penta15 ..........................................................................................................................826 Plot

..........................................................................................................................827 Pyramid5 ..........................................................................................................................828 Pyramid13 ..........................................................................................................................829 Quad4..........................................................................................................................830 Quad8..........................................................................................................................832

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RBE3 ..........................................................................................................................833 Rigid ..........................................................................................................................834 Rigidlink ..........................................................................................................................835 Rod ..........................................................................................................................836 Slave1..........................................................................................................................837 Slave3..........................................................................................................................838 Slave4..........................................................................................................................839 Spring..........................................................................................................................840 Tetra4..........................................................................................................................841 Tetra10 ..........................................................................................................................842 Tria3 ..........................................................................................................................843 Tria6 ..........................................................................................................................844 Weld ..........................................................................................................................845 Connectors ..............................................................................................................................846 Load Collectors ...........................................................................................................................................847 Loads ..............................................................................................................................881 Accelerations ..........................................................................................................................903 Constraints ..........................................................................................................................904 Fluxes..........................................................................................................................905 Forces..........................................................................................................................906 Moments ..........................................................................................................................907 Pressures ..........................................................................................................................908 Temperatures ..........................................................................................................................909 Velocities ..........................................................................................................................910 Equations ..............................................................................................................................911 System Collectors ...........................................................................................................................................916 Systems ..............................................................................................................................920 Vector Collectors ...........................................................................................................................................931 Vectors..............................................................................................................................936 Beamsection Collectors ...........................................................................................................................................937 Beamsections ..............................................................................................................................952 Multibodies ...........................................................................................................................................956 Ellipsoids ..............................................................................................................................960 Multibody Planes ..............................................................................................................................961 Multibody Joints ..............................................................................................................................962 Bags ...........................................................................................................................................967 Generic..............................................................................................................................969 Optimization Problem ..............................................................................................................................970 FBD Forces (All Loads) ..............................................................................................................................971 FBD Forces (Applied Loads Only) ..............................................................................................................................972 FBD Forces (Reaction Loads Only) ..............................................................................................................................973

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FBD Displacements ..............................................................................................................................974 Resultant Force & Moment ..............................................................................................................................975 FBD Cross-section ..............................................................................................................................976 ADM Part ..............................................................................................................................977 ADM Material ..............................................................................................................................978 Named Entities ...........................................................................................................................................979 Blocks ...........................................................................................................................................980 Curves ...........................................................................................................................................984 Contact Surfaces ...........................................................................................................................................991 Control Volumes ...........................................................................................................................................995 Groups ...........................................................................................................................................1011 Load Steps ...........................................................................................................................................1087 Materials ...........................................................................................................................................1103 Laminates ...........................................................................................................................................1200 Output Blocks ...........................................................................................................................................1204 Plots ...........................................................................................................................................1224 Plies ...........................................................................................................................................1227 Properties ...........................................................................................................................................1230 Sensors ...........................................................................................................................................1272 Sets ...........................................................................................................................................1279 Tags ...........................................................................................................................................1295 Titles ...........................................................................................................................................1297 Morphing Entities ...........................................................................................................................................1299 Domains ...........................................................................................................................................1300 Handles ...........................................................................................................................................1301 Morph Constraints ...........................................................................................................................................1303 Morph Volumes ...........................................................................................................................................1304 Shapes ...........................................................................................................................................1305 Symmetries ...........................................................................................................................................1306 Optimization Entities ...........................................................................................................................................1307 Design Variables ...........................................................................................................................................1308 Design Variable Links ...........................................................................................................................................1312 Design Variable Property Relationships ...........................................................................................................................................1315 Discrete Design Variables ...........................................................................................................................................1319 Optimization Responses ...........................................................................................................................................1321 Optimization Constraints ...........................................................................................................................................1324 Optimization Equations ...........................................................................................................................................1327 Optimization Table Entries ...........................................................................................................................................1329 Objectives ...........................................................................................................................................1331 Objective References ...........................................................................................................................................1334 Optimization Constraint Screenings ...........................................................................................................................................1336

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Optimization Controls ...........................................................................................................................................1338 Control Cards ...........................................................................................................................................1341 Element Property and Material Assignement Rules ...........................................................................................................................................1392 Supported Cards by Solver ...........................................................................................................................................1395 Unsupported Cards by Solver ...........................................................................................................................................1486 Geometry Terminology ...........................................................................................................................................1501 Nodes ...........................................................................................................................................1504 Free Points ...........................................................................................................................................1505 Lines ...........................................................................................................................................1506 Faces ...........................................................................................................................................1507 Surfaces ...........................................................................................................................................1508 Fixed..............................................................................................................................1509 Points Free Edges ..............................................................................................................................1510 Shared Edges ..............................................................................................................................1511 Suppressed Edges ..............................................................................................................................1512 Non-manifold Edges ..............................................................................................................................1513 Solids ...........................................................................................................................................1514 Bounding Faces ..............................................................................................................................1515 Fin Faces ..............................................................................................................................1516 Full Partition Faces ..............................................................................................................................1517 CAD Cleanup Tolerance ...........................................................................................................................................1518 Geometry Cleanup Tolerance ...........................................................................................................................................1519 Geometry Feature Angle ...........................................................................................................................................1520 CAD Interfacing ...........................................................................................................................................1521 CAD Import ...........................................................................................................................................1522 CAD Reader Support ..............................................................................................................................1523 ACIS..........................................................................................................................1525 Reader Support CATIA Reader Support ..........................................................................................................................1526 DXF Reader Support ..........................................................................................................................1528 IGES..........................................................................................................................1529 Reader Support JT Reader Support ..........................................................................................................................1531 Parasolid Reader Support ..........................................................................................................................1532 PDGS Reader Support ..........................................................................................................................1533 Pro E..........................................................................................................................1534 Reader Support SolidWorks Reader Support ..........................................................................................................................1535 STEP..........................................................................................................................1536 Reader Support Tribon..........................................................................................................................1537 Reader Support UG Reader Support ..........................................................................................................................1540 VDAFS Reader Support ..........................................................................................................................1543 CAD ..............................................................................................................................1544 Import Options

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ACIS..........................................................................................................................1546 Import Options CATIA Import Options ..........................................................................................................................1550 DXF Import Options ..........................................................................................................................1556 IGES..........................................................................................................................1558 Import Options JT Import Options ..........................................................................................................................1567 Parasolid Import Options ..........................................................................................................................1572 PDGS Import Options ..........................................................................................................................1576 Pro E..........................................................................................................................1578 Import Options SolidWorks Import Options ..........................................................................................................................1583 STEP..........................................................................................................................1587 Import Options Tribon..........................................................................................................................1592 Import Options UG Import Options ..........................................................................................................................1602 VDAFS Import Options ..........................................................................................................................1615 CAD ..........................................................................................................................1619 Import Message Files CAD ..........................................................................................................................1620 Import Difficulties CAD ..........................................................................................................................1621 Metadata Naming CAD Export ...........................................................................................................................................1623 CAD ..............................................................................................................................1624 Writer Support IGES..........................................................................................................................1625 Writer Support CAD ..............................................................................................................................1626 Export Options IGES..........................................................................................................................1627 Export Options Functionality ...........................................................................................................................................1629 Creating Geometry ...........................................................................................................................................1630 Editing Geometry ...........................................................................................................................................1635 Querying Geometry ...........................................................................................................................................1639 Meshing 0-D...........................................................................................................................................1642 Elements SPH Mesh ...........................................................................................................................................1643 SPH Mesh Generation Input ...........................................................................................................................................1644 SPH Mesh Type and Pitch ...........................................................................................................................................1645 Material Density or Mass of Filled Volume ...........................................................................................................................................1646 Filling Options ...........................................................................................................................................1647 Solver Interfacing ...........................................................................................................................................1648 Visualization of SPH (Mass) Elements ...........................................................................................................................................1649 Line Meshing ...........................................................................................................................................1650 Surface Meshing ...........................................................................................................................................1652 Automatic Mesh Generation ...........................................................................................................................................1653 Element Biasing ..............................................................................................................................1655 Linear..........................................................................................................................1656 Biasing Exponential Biasing ..........................................................................................................................1657 Bellcurve Biasing ..........................................................................................................................1658

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Linked or Locked Edges ..............................................................................................................................1659 Smoothing Algorithms ..............................................................................................................................1660 Mesh..............................................................................................................................1661 Generation Algorithms Using..............................................................................................................................1663 the Automeshing Secondary Panel Shrink Wrap Meshing ...........................................................................................................................................1664 Loose..............................................................................................................................1665 Shrink Wrap Mesh Tight ..............................................................................................................................1670 Shrink Wrap Mesh Generate 2D BL Mesh ...........................................................................................................................................1674 Meshing a 2D Planar Area with Boundary Layers ..............................................................................................................................1676 Volume Meshing ...........................................................................................................................................1682 Solid Meshing Practices ...........................................................................................................................................1683 Partitioning Solids for Mappability ..............................................................................................................................1684 Solid Map Meshing ...........................................................................................................................................1687 Tetra Meshing ...........................................................................................................................................1689 CFD Meshing in HyperMesh ..............................................................................................................................1692 Boundary Layers ..............................................................................................................................1693 Tetramesh Process Panel ...........................................................................................................................................1695 Geometry Import Panel - Tetramesh Process Manager ..............................................................................................................................1697 Geometry Cleanup Panel - Tetramesh Process Manager ..............................................................................................................................1699 Cleanup & Organize Holes Panel - Tetramesh Process Manager ..............................................................................................................................1700 Mesh..............................................................................................................................1702 Holes Panel - Tetramesh Process Manager User Defined Features - Tetramesh Process Manager ..............................................................................................................................1704 Fillets..............................................................................................................................1706 Organize & Cleanup - Tetramesh Process Manager Mesh..............................................................................................................................1708 User Defined Features - Tetramesh Process Manager Global..............................................................................................................................1709 Organize & Cleanup - Tetramesh Process Manager Global..............................................................................................................................1710 Mesh - Tetramesh Process Manager Element Cleanup - Tetramesh Process Manager ..............................................................................................................................1711 Volume Shrink Wrap ...........................................................................................................................................1714 Acoustic Cavity Meshing ...........................................................................................................................................1715 Acoustic Cavity Tab ..............................................................................................................................1718 Voxel meshing ...........................................................................................................................................1721 Checking & Editing Mesh ...........................................................................................................................................1723 Element Quality ...........................................................................................................................................1724 How Element Quality is Calculated ..............................................................................................................................1725 Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh ..........................................................................................................................1726 Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh-Alt ..........................................................................................................................1731 Element Quality Calculation: OptiStruct ..........................................................................................................................1734 Element Quality Calculation: Radioss (BulkData) ..........................................................................................................................1736 Element Quality Calculation: Abaqus ..........................................................................................................................1738 Element Quality Calculation: ANSYS ..........................................................................................................................1740 Element Quality Calculation: I-DEAS ..........................................................................................................................1744

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Element Quality Calculation: Medina ..........................................................................................................................1747 Element Quality Calculation: Moldflow ..........................................................................................................................1749 Element Quality Calculation: Nastran ..........................................................................................................................1750 Element Quality Calculation: Patran ..........................................................................................................................1752 Hole Detection tool ...........................................................................................................................................1758 Penetration check ...........................................................................................................................................1764 Mesh Coarsening ...........................................................................................................................................1766 BatchMesher ...........................................................................................................................................1769 About BatchMesher ...........................................................................................................................................1770 To start BatchMesh on a PC: ..............................................................................................................................1772 To start BatchMesh in UNIX: ..............................................................................................................................1773 BatchMesher Setup ...........................................................................................................................................1774 Batch Mesh Tab ...........................................................................................................................................1776 Configurations Tab ...........................................................................................................................................1779 Run Status Tab ...........................................................................................................................................1781 User Procedures Tab ...........................................................................................................................................1784 BatchMesher Customization ...........................................................................................................................................1786 User-registered Procedures ...........................................................................................................................................1788 BatchMesher Parameter Editor ...........................................................................................................................................1790 Editing Parameter Files ..............................................................................................................................1791 Basic..........................................................................................................................1794 Options: Target Element Size, Import Model Tolerance, Extract Midsurface Geometry Cleanup Options ..........................................................................................................................1795 Create Mesh Options ..........................................................................................................................1797 Special Component Selection Options ..........................................................................................................................1799 Editing Criteria Files ..............................................................................................................................1800 hw_batchmesh ...........................................................................................................................................1802 BatchMesher Error Codes ...........................................................................................................................................1805 Grid Computing with BatchMesher ...........................................................................................................................................1807 Connectors Connector Entity ...........................................................................................................................................1811 Connector Definition ...........................................................................................................................................1812 Example of Connecting Assemblies ...........................................................................................................................................1814 Connector Terminology ...........................................................................................................................................1815 Connector Location ...........................................................................................................................................1816 Connector Realization ...........................................................................................................................................1819 How HyperMesh determines realization ..............................................................................................................................1820 HiLock Realization ..............................................................................................................................1825 Connector Rules ...........................................................................................................................................1831 Connector State ...........................................................................................................................................1832 Link Entity State ...........................................................................................................................................1833 Link Entity ...........................................................................................................................................1834

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Number of Layers ...........................................................................................................................................1835 Re-connect Rules ...........................................................................................................................................1836 Connector Review ...........................................................................................................................................1837 Connectors User Control Mode ...........................................................................................................................................1838 Master Connectors File ...........................................................................................................................................1839 Multiple Weld File Format ...........................................................................................................................................1841 Spotweld Interface ...........................................................................................................................................1842 Import...........................................................................................................................................0 Templates FE...........................................................................................................................................1844 Configuration File FE Configuration Examples ...........................................................................................................................................1849 Abaqus Connector Types ...........................................................................................................................................1851 LS-DYNA Connector Types ...........................................................................................................................................1860 Nastran Connector Types ...........................................................................................................................................1871 OptiStruct Connector Types ...........................................................................................................................................1896 PAM-CRASH Connector Types ...........................................................................................................................................1920 RADIOSS Connector Types ...........................................................................................................................................1922 Model Setup Properties ...........................................................................................................................................1929 HyperLaminate ...........................................................................................................................................1930 Environment ..............................................................................................................................1931 Menus ..............................................................................................................................1933 Toolbar ..............................................................................................................................1936 Laminate Browser ..............................................................................................................................1937 Create Entities ..........................................................................................................................1939 Review and Update Entities ..........................................................................................................................1940 Rename Entities ..........................................................................................................................1941 Duplicate Entities ..........................................................................................................................1942 Delete Entities ..........................................................................................................................1943 HyperLaminate Solver ..............................................................................................................................1944 To Select HLS loadcases for the current laminate ..........................................................................................................................1946 Define/Edit Pane ..............................................................................................................................1947 To Define a new HyperLaminate Solver loadcase ..........................................................................................................................1956 To Review or modify an existing HL Solver loadcase ..........................................................................................................................1957 Review/Results Pane ..............................................................................................................................1958 Define..............................................................................................................................1960 a New Material: Review or Modify an Existing Material ..............................................................................................................................1962 Define..............................................................................................................................1963 a New Laminate Review and Modify an Existing Laminate ..............................................................................................................................1965 Define..............................................................................................................................1966 a New Design Variable Review and Modify an Existing Design Variable ..............................................................................................................................1967 HyperBeam ...........................................................................................................................................1968

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HyperBeam View ..............................................................................................................................1969 Section Browser and Parameter Definition ..........................................................................................................................1970 HyperBeam View Toolbar ..........................................................................................................................1974 Graphics Window ..........................................................................................................................1975 HyperBeam Results Pane ..........................................................................................................................1980 HyperBeam Sections ..............................................................................................................................1982 Example: Creating and Assigning a Standard Section ..........................................................................................................................1983 Example: Creating and Assigning a Shell Section ..........................................................................................................................1987 Cross..............................................................................................................................1992 Sectional Properties Calculated by HyperBeam Working with Beamsections in HyperMesh ..............................................................................................................................1996 Importing and Exporting HyperBeam Comments ..............................................................................................................................1998 Example: Importing and Automatic Beamsection Creation ..........................................................................................................................2000 Importing Geometry ...........................................................................................................................................2001 Import Error Messages ...........................................................................................................................................2003 Creating Collectors ...........................................................................................................................................2004 Changing the Current Component Collector ...........................................................................................................................................2005 Changing the Current Load Collector ...........................................................................................................................................2006 Creating Geometry Data ...........................................................................................................................................2007 Temporary Nodes ...........................................................................................................................................2011 Picking Surfaces ...........................................................................................................................................2012 Editing Surfaces ...........................................................................................................................................2013 Associativity ...........................................................................................................................................2015 Geometry Cleanup ...........................................................................................................................................2016 Applying Loads ...........................................................................................................................................2018 Creating Systems ...........................................................................................................................................2020 Control Cards ...........................................................................................................................................2021 Using the Card Previewer ...........................................................................................................................................2022 Boundary Conditions ...........................................................................................................................................2023 Loads on Geometry ...........................................................................................................................................2024 Terminology and Definitions ..............................................................................................................................2025 Application of Loads to Geometry ..............................................................................................................................2026 Exporting Loads ..............................................................................................................................2027 Visualization of Loads on Geometry and on Mesh ..............................................................................................................................2028 Creating Load Collectors ..............................................................................................................................2029 Transformation Manager ...........................................................................................................................................2030 Morphing Approaches to Morphing ...........................................................................................................................................2036 The Domains and Handles Concept ...........................................................................................................................................2038 Global..............................................................................................................................2039 Domains and Handles Local..............................................................................................................................2044 Domains and Handles Partitioning ..............................................................................................................................2051 Dependent Handles ..............................................................................................................................2053 Altair Engineering

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Working with Shapes ..............................................................................................................................2057 Setting Up Optimization ..............................................................................................................................2059 The Morph Volume Concept ...........................................................................................................................................2060 The Freehand Concept ...........................................................................................................................................2061 Space Frame Model Strategies ...........................................................................................................................................2062 Creating Handles and Domains - Space Frame Model ...........................................................................................................................................2063 Matching a Mesh, Line, or Surface Data ...........................................................................................................................................2066 Making Parametric Changes ...........................................................................................................................................2070 Controlling Global Morphing with Handle Placement ...........................................................................................................................................2073 Mirror Images - Using 1-Plane Symmetry ...........................................................................................................................................2077 Reducing 3D to 2D - Using Linear Symmetry ...........................................................................................................................................2080 Reducing 3D to 1D - Using Planar Symmetry ...........................................................................................................................................2083 Shell Model Strategies ...........................................................................................................................................2086 Creating Handles and Domains - shell model ...........................................................................................................................................2087 Morphing on Local Domains ...........................................................................................................................................2094 Morphing Global Handles ...........................................................................................................................................2110 Using Constraints ...........................................................................................................................................2111 Using Biasing ...........................................................................................................................................2113 Solid Model Strategies ...........................................................................................................................................2115 Creating Handles and Domains - solid model ...........................................................................................................................................2116 Viewing Solid Models ...........................................................................................................................................2123 Optimization Model Browser Optimization View ...........................................................................................................................................2126 The Menu Bar ...........................................................................................................................................2127 The Panels ...........................................................................................................................................2128 Conversion between Solver Formats Abaqus Conversion Tools ...........................................................................................................................................2131 Abaqus to Nastran Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2132 Abaqus to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2137 Abaqus to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2141 ANSYS Conversion Tools ...........................................................................................................................................2146 ANSYS to Abaqus Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2147 ANSYS to Nastran Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2150 ANSYS to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2152 LS-DYNA Conversion Tools ...........................................................................................................................................2154 LS-DYNA to Nastran Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2155 LS-DYNA to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2157 LS-DYNA to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2163 Nastran Conversion Tools ...........................................................................................................................................2165 Nastran to Abaqus Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2166 Nastran to ANSYS Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2173

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Nastran to LS-DYNA Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2176 Nastran to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2179 PAM-CRASH 2G to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2182 RADIOSS Conversion Tools ...........................................................................................................................................2189 RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct to Abaqus Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2190 RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) to ANSYS Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2197 RADIOSS (Block Format) to PAM-CRASH 2G Conversion ...........................................................................................................................................2200 XY Plotting XY...........................................................................................................................................2209 Plots Module Creating an XY Plot ...........................................................................................................................................2211 Modifying an XY Plot ...........................................................................................................................................2212 Working with Multiple XY Plots ...........................................................................................................................................2213 Modifying Multiple XY Plots ...........................................................................................................................................2214 Creating Curves on XY Plots ...........................................................................................................................................2215 Reading Curves from an ASCII File ...........................................................................................................................................2216 Creating Analysis Based Curves ...........................................................................................................................................2217 Creating Curves Using Simple Math Operators ...........................................................................................................................................2218 Creating Curves from Files or Math Expressions ...........................................................................................................................................2219 Modifying Curve Attributes ...........................................................................................................................................2220 Displaying Selected Curves on Plots ...........................................................................................................................................2221 Curve Editor ...........................................................................................................................................2222 To create a new curve: ...........................................................................................................................................2224 To display curves in the graph area: ...........................................................................................................................................2225 To change the graph's attributes: ...........................................................................................................................................2226 To change a curve's attributes: ...........................................................................................................................................2227 To delete a curve: ...........................................................................................................................................2228 To rename a curve: ...........................................................................................................................................2229 Post-processing Analysis HyperMesh Results Database ...........................................................................................................................................2231 Results Translation ...........................................................................................................................................2232 hmabaqus Results Translation ...........................................................................................................................................2233 Translating Complex Results ..............................................................................................................................2238 Translating Element Results for Different Positions ..............................................................................................................................2239 Supported Result Types ..............................................................................................................................2240 Post-processing Actran Results ...........................................................................................................................................2244 hmansys Results Translation ...........................................................................................................................................2246 MADYMO Results Translation ...........................................................................................................................................2253 hmnast Results Translation ...........................................................................................................................................2255 hmnast Utility ..............................................................................................................................2256 Splitting Punch Files ..........................................................................................................................2260 To translate two punch files and read them in HyperMesh: ..........................................................................................................................2271

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hmnasto2 Utility ..............................................................................................................................2272 To create a model file from an op2 file and load the model file ..........................................................................................................................2277 hmnastf06 Utility ..............................................................................................................................2278 hmnastop Utility ..............................................................................................................................2279 Translating Complex Results ..............................................................................................................................2280 To post-process NASTRAN results in HyperMesh: ..............................................................................................................................2281 hmpam Results Translation ...........................................................................................................................................2283 PAM-CRASH Results Translation ..............................................................................................................................2284 Viewing the Results ..........................................................................................................................2290 Reading XY-Plotting Data from the THP (DSY) File ..........................................................................................................................2291 PAM-CRASH 2G Results Translation ..............................................................................................................................2295 Viewing the Results ..........................................................................................................................2301 Reading XY-Plotting Data from the THP (DSY) File ..........................................................................................................................2302 PERMAS Results Translation ...........................................................................................................................................2307 RADIOSS (Fixed Format) Results Translation ...........................................................................................................................................2308 Analysis Results Files ..............................................................................................................................2310 RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Results Translation ...........................................................................................................................................2311 Specifying the Results File ...........................................................................................................................................2312 Creating Deformed Geometry Plots ...........................................................................................................................................2313 Creating Animations ...........................................................................................................................................2314 Creating Vector Plots ...........................................................................................................................................2315 Creating Contour Plots ...........................................................................................................................................2316 Creating Assigned Plots ...........................................................................................................................................2317 Adding Plot Identification ...........................................................................................................................................2318 Inspecting the Results ...........................................................................................................................................2319 Free Body Diagrams ...........................................................................................................................................2320 FBD Displacements ...........................................................................................................................................2322 To extract displacement data for a user-defined node set ..............................................................................................................................2323 FBD Forces ...........................................................................................................................................2326 To select a results file ..............................................................................................................................2327 To select a sub-case ..............................................................................................................................2328 To select entities ..............................................................................................................................2329 To specify output options ..............................................................................................................................2330 FBD Cross-section manager ...........................................................................................................................................2332 To define a cross-section manually ..............................................................................................................................2333 To define a cross-section automatically ..............................................................................................................................2335 FBD Resultant Force and Moment ...........................................................................................................................................2336 To select a results file ..............................................................................................................................2337 To select a sub-case ..............................................................................................................................2338 To select a cross-section ..............................................................................................................................2339 To specify output options ..............................................................................................................................2340 FBD Results Manager 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To review and manage FBD load collectors ..............................................................................................................................2343 FBD Export Manager ...........................................................................................................................................2345 To export FBD, Displacement, or Resultant Force & Moment collectors ..............................................................................................................................2346 FBD Grid Point Force Balance ...........................................................................................................................................2348 FBD Solver Interfacing ...........................................................................................................................................2355 Abaqus - Free Body Diagrams ..............................................................................................................................2356 Ansys..............................................................................................................................2357 - Free Body Diagrams Nastran - Free Body Diagrams ..............................................................................................................................2358 Radioss (Bulk Data) and OptiStruct - Free Body Diagrams ..............................................................................................................................2359 H3D Writer ...........................................................................................................................................2360 Creating an H3D file from HyperMesh ...........................................................................................................................................2361 Create an H3D file from HyperMesh: ..............................................................................................................................2362 Embedding a HyperView Player Object in HTML Documentation ...........................................................................................................................................2363 Sharing H3D Files ...........................................................................................................................................2365 H3D FAQ ...........................................................................................................................................2367 HyperMesh Interfacing with External Products Abaqus Solver Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2369 Actran Solver Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2371 ANSYS Solver Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2372 RBE3 Elements ...........................................................................................................................................2373 Tips and Techniques ...........................................................................................................................................2376 Pressure Load on Beam Elements ...........................................................................................................................................2378 FE Input Enhancement ...........................................................................................................................................2380 LS-DYNA Solver Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2381 Recommended Process ...........................................................................................................................................2383 Mass Calculation ...........................................................................................................................................2384 Exporting Decks ...........................................................................................................................................2385 MADYMO Solver Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2386 MARC Solver Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2388 Nastran Solver Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2389 PAM-CRASH 2G Solver Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2390 PERMAS Solver Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2393 RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2395 RADIOSS (Block Format) Interface Overview ...........................................................................................................................................2397 Supported Cards ...........................................................................................................................................2399 Supported ENGINE Cards in RADIOSS (Block Format) ..............................................................................................................................2400 Unsupported ENGINE Cards in RADIOSS (Block Format) 5.1, 9.0 and 10.0 ..............................................................................................................................2403 Samcef Interface ...........................................................................................................................................2405 Contact .MCT ...........................................................................................................................................2406 Contact .STI ...........................................................................................................................................2408

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Graphical User Interface This section describes parts of the HyperWorks Desktop user interface which only display when HyperMesh is the active application.

HyperMesh Color Options dialog HyperMesh Menu Bar HyperMesh Toolbars HyperMesh Tabs HyperMesh Calculator

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Toolbar/Panel Changes in HyperMesh 11.0 The HyperMesh user interface has undergone significant changes since version 10, including updated toolbar icons and the transfer of more functionality to the toolbars and drop-down menus. The following topics outline the changes from version 10 to version 11. In many cases, multiple toolbar buttons can appear in the same location. These buttons have a down-arrow ( ) next to them, and clicking this arrow reveals a menu of available buttons for that toolbar space. Such menus are common in the Standard Toolbar, but also appear in some of the buttons on other toolbars as well.

The "New " button in the Standard Toolbar can have different functions depending on w hat you select from the menu. Some options are not available in HyperMesh.

Separate topics detail the changes for specific areas of functionality. Note that toolbars which have not changed fundamentally are not described; only those with substantially different organization or icon imagery are detailed here. Standard Toolbar Changes Standard Views Toolbar Changes Visualization Toolbar Changes Geometry Panel Changes

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Standard Toolbar Changes Note:

This chart illustrates the differences between the formerly stand-alone HyperMesh 10.0 and the new, integrated HyperMesh Desktop 11.0. Some small differences, particularly in the Pull Down Menu locations, may exist between HyperMesh 11.0 stand-alone and HyperMesh Desktop versions.

Where an old toolbar button has been replaced by one with multiple options (as described in Panel/Dialog Reorganization in HyperMesh 11.0), the corresponding new options are listed separately and indented under the old button's name.

Function

Old 10.0

New 11.0 Location

Alternate Location (Pull down menus)

Standard Toolbar

File > New

Model

Standard Toolbar

File > New > Model

Session

Standard Toolbar

File > New > Session

Standard Toolbar

File > Open

Model

Standard Toolbar

File > Open > Model

Session

Standard Toolbar

File > Open > Session

Standard Toolbar

File > Save

Model

Standard Toolbar

File > Save > Model

Session

Standard Toolbar

File > Save > Session

Standard Toolbar

File > Import

Session

Standard Toolbar

File > Import > Session

Model

Standard Toolbar

File > Import > Model

Solver Deck

Standard Toolbar

File > Import > Solver Deck

New File

(varies)

Open File

(varies)

Save File

(varies)

Import

3

New 11.0

(varies)

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Geometry

Standard Toolbar

File > Import > Geometry

Connectors

Standard Toolbar

File > Import > Connectors

Standard Toolbar

File > Export

Model

Standard Toolbar

File > Export > Model

Solver Deck

Standard Toolbar

File > Export > Solver Deck

Geometry

Standard Toolbar

File > Export > Geometry

Connectors

Standard Toolbar

File > Export > Connectors

Curves

Standard Toolbar

File > Export > Curves

Standard Toolbar

File > Load > User Profile

Standard Toolbar

File > Load

Standard Toolbar

File > Load > Results

Export

(varies)

User Profile Load File

----

(varies)

Load Results Load Preference

----

Standard Toolbar

File > Load > Preference

Load Solver Template

----

Standard Toolbar

File > Load > Solver Template

Run Tcl/TK Script

----

Pull-Down Only

File > Run > Tcl/TK Script

Command File

----

Pull-Down Only

File > Run > Command File

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Standard Views Toolbar Changes

Function

New 11.0 Location

Alternate Location (Pull down menus)

Previous View

Standard Views Toolbar

None

Fit Model

Standard Views Toolbar

None

Refresh Graphics Area (Plot Refresh)

Standard Views Toolbar

None

XY Top Plane View

Standard Views Toolbar

None

XY Bottom Plane View

Standard Views Toolbar

None

XZ Left Plane View

Standard Views Toolbar

None

XZ Right Plane View

Standard Views Toolbar

None

YZ Rear Plane View

Standard Views Toolbar

None

YZ Front Plane View

Standard Views Toolbar

None

Isometric View

Standard Views Toolbar

None

Reverse View

Standard Views Toolbar

None

User View/True View

Standard Views Toolbar

Model Browser Context Menu (Create > View)

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Old 10.0

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Visualization Toolbar Changes While most of the functionality in the visualization toolbar remains the same, some of the icons used are quite different from previous versions and the organization of buttons isn't quite the same. In addition, the menus for geometry and mesh styles work differently; rather than right-clicking the button to select from its menu, you must click the separate down-arrow button beside it (as described in Panel/Dialog Reorganization in HyperMesh 11.0).

Function

Old 10.0

New 11.0

New 11.0 Location

Alternate Location

Geometry Color

Visualization Toolbar None

Wireframe Geometry

Visualization Toolbar None

Wireframe Geometry and Surface Lines

Visualization Toolbar None

Shaded Geometry and Surface Edges

Visualization Toolbar None

Shaded Geometry

Visualization Toolbar None

Element Color Mode

Visualization Toolbar None

Wireframe Elements (skin only)

Visualization Toolbar None

Wireframe Elements

Visualization Toolbar None

Shaded Elements and Mesh Lines

Visualization Toolbar None

Shaded Elements and Feature Lines

Visualization Toolbar None

Shaded Elements

Visualization Toolbar None

Transparency

Visualization Toolbar None

Geom/Mesh Styles

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n/a

None: this legacy feature from pre-10.0

Use the Model Browser's optional FEStyle and GeomStyle columns

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has been removed.

to change styles for each component.

Shrink Elements

Visualization Toolbar None

Visualization Options

Visualization Toolbar None

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Geometry Panel Changes The Geometry panels have been changed for version 11 to use toolbars instead of radio buttons for selection of subpanels. In addition, some functions have been moved--for example, the functions of the Circles panel were moved into the Lines panel and Primitives features were moved into Surfaces and Solids. The table below summarizes these changes as they relate to the older 10.0 panel structure. Note also that many new geometry subpanels and functions have been added for version 11, but these tables focus on the new locations of functions that are already familiar to users of version 10 and earlier--they serve as a roadmap for users to find the tools that they are already familiar with. For full details on geometry panels, including new functions, see the dedicated panel help for each geometry panel listed in the "See Also" section at the end of this topic. Unless otherwise stated, the New 11.0 Name is a subpanel of the same panel as the old 10.0 location.

10.0 Nodes Panel

Subpanels

New 11.0 Name

Alternate Location (Pull down menus)

Type In

Nodes Panel > XYZ Points Panel > XYZ

Geometry > Create > Nodes > XYZ Geometry > Create > Free Points > XYZ

Pick Geom

On Geometry (points, lines, surfs)

Geometry > Create > Nodes > On Geometry

On Line

Extract On line

Geometry > Create > Nodes > Extract on Line

Interpolate on Line

Geometry > Create > Nodes > Interpolate on Line

At point

On Geometry

Geometry > Create > Nodes > On Geometry

Between

Interpolate Nodes

Geometry > Create > Nodes > Interpolate

Interpolate On Line

Geometry > Create > Nodes > Interpolate on Line

Interpolate On Surface

Geometry > Create > Nodes > Interpolate on Surface

On Geometry (plane)

Geometry > Create > Nodes > On Geometry

On Plane

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10.0 Lines Panel

Subpanels

New Icon

New 11.0 Name

Alternate Location (Pull down menus)

Linear Nodes

Geometry > Create > Lines > Linear Nodes

Standard Nodes

Geometry > Create > Lines > Standard Nodes

Smooth Nodes

Geometry > Create > Lines > Smooth Nodes

Controlled Nodes

Geometry > Create > Lines > Controlled Nodes

Offset

Geometry > Create > Lines > Offset

Midline

Geometry > Create > Lines > Midline

From Surf Edges

Extract edge

Geometry > Create > Lines > Extract Edge

From Features

Features

Geometry > Create > Lines > Features

At Intersection

Intersect

Geometry > Create > Lines > Intersect

At Tangent

Tangent

Geometry > Create > Lines > Tangent

Fillets

Fillet

Geometry > Create > Lines > Fillet

From Nodes

Offset

10.0 Circles Panel Note:

9

The Circles panel no longer exists. Its features have been moved entirely into the Lines, Nodes, and new Free Points panels.

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Subpanels

New Icon

New 11.0 Name

Alternate Location (Pull down menus)

Lines Panel > Arc Center and Radius

Geometry > Create > Lines > Arc Center and Radius

Lines Panel > Circle Center and Radius

Geometry > Create > Lines > Circle Center and Radius

Lines Panel > Arc Nodes and Vector

Geometry > Create > Lines > Arc Nodes and Vector

Lines Panel > Circle Nodes and Vector

Geometry > Create > Lines > Circle Nodes and Vector

Lines Panel > Arc Three Nodes

Geometry > Create > Lines > Arc Three Nodes

Lines Panel > Circle Three Nodes

Geometry > Create > Lines > Circle Three Nodes

Nodes Panel > Arc Center

Geometry > Create > Nodes > Arc Center

Points Panel > Arc Center

Geometry > Create > Free Points > Arc Center

New 11.0 Name

Alternate Location (Pull down menus)

Ruled

Ruled

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Ruled

Spline/Filler

Spline/Filler

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Spline/Filler

Skin

Skin

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Skin

Center & Radius

Points & Vector

Three Points

Find Center

10.0 Surfaces Panel

Subpanels

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New Icon

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Drag/Spin

Drag along Vector

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Drag Along Vector

Drag Along Line

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Drag Along Line

Drag Along Normal

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Drag Along Normal

Spin

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Spin

From FE

From FE

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > From FE

Fillets

Fillet

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Fillet

New 11.0 Name

Alternate Location (Pull down menus)

Bounding Surfs

Bounding Surfaces

Geometry > Create > Solids > Bounding Surfaces

Drag Along Vector

Drag Along Vector

Geometry > Create > Solids > Drag Along Vector

Drag Along Normal

Drag Along Normal

Geometry > Create > Solids > Drag Along Normal

Drag Along Line

Drag Along Line

Geometry > Create > Solids > Drag Along Line

Spin

Spin

Geometry > Create > Solids > Spin

10.0 Solids Panel

Subpanels

New Icon

10.0 Primitives Panel Note:

11

The Primitives panel no longer exists; its functions have been entirely migrated to the Surfaces and Solids panels.

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Subpanels

Square/Block

Cylinder/Cone

Sphere

New Icon

New 11.0 Name

Alternate Location (Pull down menus)

Surfaces > Square

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Square

Solids > Block

Geometry > Create > Solids > Block

Surfaces > Cylinder Full

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Cylinder Full

Surfaces > Cylinder Partial

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Cylinder Partial

Surfaces > Cone Full

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Cone Full

Surfaces > Cone Partial

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Cone Partial

Solids > Cylinder Full

Geometry > Create > Solids > Cylinder Full

Solids > Cylinder Partial

Geometry > Create > Solids > Cylinder Partial

Solids > Cone Full

Geometry > Create > Solids > Cone Full

Solids > Cone Partial

Geometry > Create > Solids > Cone Partial

Surfaces > Sphere Center and Radius

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Sphere Center and Radius

Surfaces > Sphere Four Nodes

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Sphere Four Nodes

Surfaces > Sphere Partial

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Sphere Partial

Solids > Sphere Center Geometry > Create > Solids > Sphere Center and Radius and Raidus

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Torus

Solids > Sphere Four Nodes

Geometry > Create > Solids > Sphere Four Nodes

Surfaces > Torus Center and Radius

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Torus Center and Radius

Surfaces > Torus Three Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Torus Three Nodes Nodes

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Surfaces > Torus Partial

Geometry > Create > Surfaces > Torus Partial

Solids > Torus Center and Radius

Geometry > Create > Solids > Torus Center and Radius

Solids > Torus three Nodes

Geometry > Create > Solids > Torus Three Nodes

Solids > Torus Partial

Geometry > Create > Solids > Torus Partial

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HyperMesh Color Options dialog Location: Preferences menu > colors This dialog allows you to specify the colors you wish to use for various elements of the Graphical User Interface (GUI) as well as for different types of geometry and mesh entities. These categories are broken down into separate tabs.

General Tab The General tab controls the colors of the background in the graphics area, the direction of the gradient, and the colors used by the global axes.

You can select any colors you wish for background 1 and background 2. These control the background gradient:

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You can also use the series of gradient boxes to change the direction or style of the gradient. The boxes themselves illustrate the gradient pattern that they apply, but not the current colors. Finally, you can specify the colors of the X, Y, and Z global axis vectors, and the color of their letter labels (X/ Y/Z), that display in the bottom corner of the graphics area. Click Reset to return to the default settings. Apply immediately applies your changes, but does not close the window. Close closes the window without applying the current settings.

Geometry tab This tab allows you to set the colors used to display a wide range of geometric entities.

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Different types of geometric features are broken down first by dimensionality (2D surfaces, 3D solids) and each has no influence on geometry of the other type. However, a third category, By mappable display mode (solids), applies to qualities of solids rather than parts of them. These colors apply specifically to how many possible directions solids can be mapped in, and are specific to the mappable geometry display mode. They will not show in any other display mode, even if the model contains solid entities. Surface data free edges

Edges of surfaces that do not connect to any other surfaces.

shared edges

Edges of surfaces that connect to one other surface.

suppressed edges

Shared edges that have been manually suppressed so that the automesher will treat the shared surfaces as if they were one surface, allowing elements to

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cross the edge as if it were not there at all. t-junctions

Edges shared by 3 or more surfaces.

3d solids fin faces

Fin faces are surfaces that split a 3D solid entity, but only partway through-they do not actually extend through the entire entity.

bounding faces

The outer faces of solid entity.

full partition faces

The faces of adjoined solids

2d faces (topo)

When using the by 2D topo visualization mode, this is the color of 2D faces that aren't part of a solid.

ignored (topo)

The color of 2D faces when using the by 2D topo visualization mode.

edges (comp)

Mesh edges when coloring mesh with the by comp visualization mode.

by mappable display control (solids) 1 dir. map

Visualization for solids that can be mapped (for 3D meshing) in one direction.

3 dir. map

Visualization for solids that can be mapped (for 3D meshing) in three directions.

ignored map

Default visualization for solids that require partitioning to become mappable.

not mappable

Visualization for solids that have been edited, but still require further partitioning to create mappable solids

Mesh tab This tab allows you to set the colors used to display a wide range of geometric entities.

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Mesh Lines refers to the visual (non-geometric) lines that define the edges of each element. Elems, no prop/mat means elements that do not currently have any properties or materials assigned to them, either directly or inherited from the collectors that they belong to. Elems, unresolved prop/mat means elements that do have a property or material assigned, but the referenced prop/mat cannot be found in the current model. For example, they might reference "Mat9" but no material with that name exists in the current model. One possible source of such elements is from include files.

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HyperMesh Menu Bar The menu bar, located just beneath the title bar, enable access to many types of HyperMesh functionality. Most menu options access HyperMesh panels, but some options perform other tasks such as configuring the layout of the HyperMesh environment.

Each menu contains many different options, and clicking on the menu name (such as Geometry) "pulls down" a list of the options available in that menu:

Notice that there are three lists of options displayed in this screen shot; this is because some menu items have sub-menus of additional options. This approach sub-groups similar features together, rather than presenting every option in a single list (which could result in very long lists). Menu items can work in several different ways: Sub-Menu heading

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These items are marked with a triangular arrow. Selecting a submenu heading opens a sub-menu of options related to the sub-

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menu heading. This method allows similar commands to be grouped logically, and helps prevent any single menu list from becoming excessively long. Toggle

When clicked, these items are marked with a checkbox and activate or deactivate a feature. One example is the Solver Browser item found in the View menu; clicking it alternates between showing and hiding the Solver Browser in one of the tab area sidebars.

Command

Most menu items simply execute a command when selected, such as accessing a specific HyperMesh panel.

There are multiple ways to select a pull-down menu or a menu item within it: Mouse

Click the menu or menu item with the mouse.

Keyboard (menu)

First, press the alt key to activate the menu area. Then: Use the keyboard key indicated by the menu or item; these keys are underlined (as the "F" in the File menu). or Use the left and right arrow keys to move among the menu headings, and the up and down arrow keys to open a menu and navigate among its options.

Keyboard (menu item)

Menu items can be selected with the keyboard in two ways: Use the keyboard key indicated by the menu item; these keys are underlined (as the "O" in the Open menu item). or Use the arrow keys to move among list of options, and press enter to select a highlighted option.

Each of the pull-down menus in HyperMesh groups certain types of functions: File

Contains functions to load, save, import, and export models and other files. Note:

To work with only one model at a time, use Open. To add extra models to your workspace, use Import.

Edit

Tools for masking, deleting, or finding entities.

View

Change the angle of view on the model, lighting, or visibility and location of tab area items, among other options.

Collectors

Tools for creating and renaming collectors, assemblies, etc.

Geometry

Tools for geometry editing and cleanup.

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Mesh

Meshing tools, such as automesh, tetramesh, solid map, element edit, etc.

Connectors

Create, edit, realize/unrealize, and manipulate various types of connectors.

Materials

Create, edit, and assign Material cards to components.

Properties

Create, edit, and assign Property cards to components.

BCs

Boundary Conditions such as forces, pressures, moments, or constraints.

Setup

Model properties such as materials, connectors, and contact surfaces.

Tools

Morph, Rotate, Translate, Reflect, or Scale entities, among other options.

Morphing

Create, edit, and manipulate mesh-morphing entities with HyperMorph.

Post

View results of solved simulations (contour or vector plots, for example).

XY Plots

Create plots (graphs) of simulation qualities and/or results.

Preferences

HyperMesh preferences such as User Profiles, global options, and keyboard configuration.

Applications

Quickly access other HyperWorks programs, such as OptiStruct.

Help

Access the on-line Help system.

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HyperMesh Toolbars Toolbars contain groups of icon buttons used to perform the most common tasks. Each toolbar can be docked to any of the toolbar locations. Toolbars can also be undocked or free-floating anyway in the HyperMesh application window. Many toolbars are common to both HyperMesh and other HyperWorks Desktop applications, so they are described in the HyperWorks Desktop user's guide. The toolbars described here are specific to HyperMesh.

Toolbars Included in HyperMesh: Collectors Checks Display Visualization

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Collectors Toolbar The Collector toolbar controls basic operations of creating, editing, deleting, card editing, organizing, and renumbering HyperMesh collectors. The Collectors toolbar can be turned on and off from the View > Toolbars menu.

The detailed behavior of each tool button is described in the table below. Button

Left-click

LEFT Behavior

Right-click RIGHT Behavior

Assemblies

Left-click to open the Assemblies panel.

Same

Component s

Left-click to open the Components panel.

Same

Materials

Left-click to open the Materials panel.

Same

Properties

Left-click to open the Properties panel.

Same

Load Collectors

Left-click to open the Load Collectors panel

Same

System Collectors

Left-click to open the System Collector, Vector Collector, BeamSection Collector, or MultiBody panels.

Select Right-click to option from expand options; Menu Left-click an icon to set new Or current icon and perform the Left-click lower right icon’s left-click behavior. arrow

Left-click to open the Delete panel.

Same

Vector Collectors

BeamSectio n Collectors

MultiBodies Delete

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Card Edit

Left-click to open the Card Edit panel.

Same

Organize

Left-click to open the Organize panel.

Same

Renumber

Left-click to open the Renumber panel.

Same

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Checks Toolbar The Checks toolbar contains quick access to functionality for various checks and calculations that are commonly used in the model building process.

The Checks toolbar can be turned on and off from the View menu's Toolbars sub-menu. The detailed behavior of each tool button is described in the table below: Button

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Left-click

LEFT Behavior

Right-click RIGHT Behavior

Distance

Opens the Distance panel

Same

Length

Opens the Length panel

Same

Mass/Area Calc

Opens the Mass Calc panel

Same

Edges

Opens the Edges panel

Same

Features

Opens the Features panel

Same

Faces

Opens the Faces panel

Same

Normals

Opens the Normals panel

Same

Penetration/ Opens the Penetration panel Intersection Check

Same

Check Elements

Opens the Check Elements panel

Same

Model Summary

Opens the Summary panel

Same

Loads Summation

Opens the Loads Summary tab

Same

Count

Opens the Count panel

Same

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Display Toolbar The Display toolbar controls what entities are displayed in the graphics area, primarily by masking entities to hide or display them. Other display controls for all collectors and entities are manipulated at a high level using the Model Browser and the Mask Browser.

The Display toolbar can be turned on and off from the View menu's Toolbars sub-menu. The Model Browser and Mask Browser can be turned on and off from the View menu. The detailed behavior of each button is described in the table below. Button

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Left-click

LEFT Behavior

Right-click RIGHT Behavior

Mask

Opens the Mask panel

Same

Reverse Elements

Reverses the mask state of all Reverse All Reverses the elements in currently displayed mask state of collectors all entities (elements, loads, etc…) in currently displayed collectors.

Unmask Adjacent

Unmask the row of elements Same adjacent to the currently displayed ones. If some of the unmasked elements reside in components which are currently not displayed, those components will also be unmasked

Unmask All

Unmask all entities (elements, loads, etc…) in currently displayed collectors.

Mask Not Shown

Mask all entities (elements, Unmask loads, etc…) located outside of Shown the graphics area but in currently displayed collectors.

Same

Unmask all entities (elements, loads, etc…) located outside of the graphics area but in currently

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displayed collectors. Spherical Clipping

Open the Spherical Clipping panel, which lets you select a center point and radius for the spherical clipping and enable or disable it.

Same

Find

Open the Find panel

Same

Display Numbers

Open the Numbers panel

Same

Display Element Handles

Toggle element handles on/off. The same operation can be performed from the Graphics subpanel located in the Preferences > Graphics menu.

Same

Display Load Handles

Toggle load handles on/off. The same operation can be performed from the Graphics subpanel located in the Preferences > Graphics menu.

Same

Display Fixed Points

Toggle fixed points on/off. The Same same operation can be performed from the Graphics subpanel located in the Preferences > Graphics menu.

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Visualization Toolbar The Visualization toolbar controls how entities are visualized in the graphics area, including control for setting the geometry and mesh color mode The visualization toolbar can be turned on and off from the View menu, Toolbars sub-menu.

The detailed behavior of each tool button is described in the table below. Button

Leftclick

LEFT Behavior

Rightclick

RIGHT Behavior

Pick a Automatically selects one of the following Same differen color modes based on the currently t mode active panel. All colors can be changed from the Options > Colors panel. This panel can be accessed from the Menu bar via Preferences > Colors or by pressing the key. Pick a All surfaces and solid faces are colored differen by the color assigned to the component t mode in which that geometry resides. All surface edges and solid face edges are colored black. A component's color can be changed using the Model Browser > Component View.

Same

Pick a Surfaces are colored gray (2D faces Same differen (topo) with surface edges colored by t mode topology: red (free edges), green (shared edges), yellow (t-junctions), or blue (suppressed edges). Solid faces and face edges are colored transparent green (bounding faces) with internal faces colored yellow (full partition faces). Pick a Surfaces are colored gray (2D faces differen (topo) with surface edges colored by t mode topology: red (free edges), green (shared edges), yellow (t-junctions), or blue (suppressed edges). Solid faces and face edges are colored blue, ignoring solid topology.

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Pick a Surfaces and surface edges are colored Same differen blue, ignoring surface topology. Solid t mode faces and face edges are colored transparent green (bounding faces) with internal faces colored yellow (full partition faces). Pick a Surfaces are colored by component with Same differen surface edges colored by topology. Solid t mode faces are colored by component with solid face edges colored by topology. Pick a Surfaces display in wireframe mode, with Same differen surface edges colored blue (ignoring t mode topology). Solid faces are colored by mappability: red (not mappable), yellow (1d mappable), or green (3d mappable). Solid face edges are colored by topology. Shaded Geome try with Surface Edges

Button: set geometry mode to shaded with surface edges.

Same

Arrow (lower-right): Select option from menu

Shaded Button: set geometry mode to shaded. Geome Arrow (lower-right): Select option from try menu Wirefra me Geome try with Surface s Lines

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Same

Button: set geometry to wireframe with Same surface lines. Arrow (lower-right): Select option from menu

Wirefra Button: set geometry to wireframe me mode. Geome Arrow (lower-right): Select option from try menu

Same

Transp arency

Opens the Transparency panel

Same

Pick a All elements are colored by the color differen assigned to the component in which that t mode element resides. A component's color can be changed in the Model Browser

Same

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by right-clicking its color box and picking a new color. Pick a All elements are colored by the property Same differen assigned to that element. Properties are t mode assigned to elements directly or indirectly. Properties are assigned directly to the element by using the Property > Assign panel. Indirect element properties are inherited from the component in which the element resides; component properties are assigned in the Component > Assign panel. Directly assigned properties override indirect ones. Solvers in group #1 (RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct, Nastran) can support both direct and indirect element property assignment. Solvers in group #2 (RADIOSS (Block), LS-DYNA) only support indirect element property assignments. Any element without a property is colored gray. A property's color can be changed in the Model Browser by right-clicking its color box and picking a new color Pick a All elements are colored by the material Same differen assigned to that element. Materials are t mode assigned to elements differently for solver group #1 and solver group #2; Solver Group #1 (RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct, Nastran) assign materials to properties, and then properties to elements (either directly or indirectly as discussed in Color by Property). Elements with both direct and indirect property assignments use the material associated with the direct element property assignment. Solver group #2 (RADIOSS (Block), LS-DYNA) assigns materials to elements indirect by assigning materials to the component in which the element resides using the Component > Assign panel. Any element which does not have a material assigned to it, directly or indirectly, will be colored gray. A material's color can be changed in the Model Browser by right-clicking its color box and picking a new color.

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Pick a All elements are colored based on the Same differen assemblies they belong to. Each t mode assembly receives a different color (although models with many assemblies may have colors repeated for more than one assembly). Any elements that do not belong to an assembly are colored gray. An assembly's color can be changed in the Model Browser by rightclicking its color box and picking a new color. Pick a All elements are colored by their differen topology: green (1D), blue (2D), and red t mode (3D).

Same

Pick a All elements are colored by their element Same differen configuration (mass, reb2, spring, bar, t mode rod, gap tria3, quad4, tetra4, etc.). An element's configuration color can be changed from the Element Types panel. Pick a Shell elements are colored according to Same differen their thickness values; if no thickness is t mode specified for any element they will all be the same color. However, elements with thickness values are colored individually according to their thicknesses, and a key to indicate which thickness corresponds with each color displays in the corner of the graphics area.

This feature works in conjunction with the Detailed Element display option described below. Shaded Elemen ts with Mesh Lines

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Set current element visual mode to Select shaded with mesh lines. Elements are option shaded, and surface mesh lines display. from menu Left-click the lower right arrow to expand the Options Menu.

Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to

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set new current icon and perform icon’s left behavior. Shaded Elemen ts with Feature Lines

Set current element visual mode to shaded with feature lines. Elements are shaded but have no mesh lines, while feature lines display.

Left-click the lower right arrow to expand the Options Menu.

Set the current element visual mode to wireframe (skin only). Internal mesh lines will not display. Left-click the lower right arrow to expand the Options Menu

Wirefra Set the current element visual mode to me wireframe. Internal and surface mesh Elemen lines display.

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Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform icon’s left behavior.

Select option from menu

Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform icon’s left behavior.

Select option from menu

Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform icon’s left behavior.

Select option from

Right-click to expand Options

Left-click the lower right arrow to expand the Options Menu.

Shaded Set current element visual mode to Elemen shaded. Elements are shaded, but no ts lines display.

Wirefra me Elemen ts (skin only)

Select option from menu

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ts

Left-click the lower right arrow to expand the Options Menu.

menu

Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform icon’s left behavior.

Transp arent Elemen ts and Feature Lines

Set current element visual mode to transparent with elements and feature lines. Elements are shaded but transparent, no mesh lines display, but feature lines do.

Select option from menu

Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform icon’s left behavior.

Traditio Display only the simple elements for nal 2D beams and similar entities. Elemen t Repres entatio n

Select option from menu

Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform icon’s left behavior.

3D Elemen t Repres entatio n

Select option from menu

Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform icon’s left behavior.

Select

Right-click

Left-click the lower right arrow to expand the Options Menu.

Display more detailed, shape-based representations of beams and similar entities. Shell elements with thickness values will display as 3D blocks, although they are not treated as 3D solid entities--they remain 2D shell elements in every respect except how they display. Offsets are also shown.

Traditio Display both the simple and detailed,

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nal and 3D Elemen t Repres entatio n

shape-based representations of beams and similar entities. Shell elements with thickness values will display as 3D blocks superimposed over their true 2D selves, but these blocks are for display purposes only--the elements are not treated as 3D solids for any calculation. Offsets are also shown.

option from menu

to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform icon’s left behavior.

Layers off

Ply layers are not displayed.

Select option from menu

Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform the icon’s left behavior.

Select option from menu

Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform the icon’s left behavior.

Select option from menu

Right-click to expand Options Menu; Left-click an icon to set new current icon and perform

Compo Plies in a composite material are site displayed. layers

The exact nature of the display depends on the 2D/3D element visualization button. See Element and ply visualization for details. Compo Display layers with vectors indicating site their appropriate ply orientation. layers with fiber directio n The exact nature of the display depends on the 2D/3D element visualization

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button. See Element and ply visualization for details.

the icon’s left behavior.

Shrink Left-click the tool button to toggle on/off Same Elemen shrink elements by shrink factor. ts Shrink factor can be set from the Options > Graphics panel. The Options panel can be accessed from the menu bar; Preferences > Graphics. Visuali zation Option s

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Left-click the tool button to open Visualization Controls tab.

Same

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Element and ply visualization The exact visualization of ply layers in a composite material depends on both the composite visualization button and the element (complexity) visualization button. These two work in tandem to determine exactly how composite layers display.

2D/3D element visualization

composite visualization

Simple Element display: Composite layers, when visible, are represented as 2D shells:

Layers off

Composite Layers

Layers w ith fiber direction

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3D element Representation:

Layers off

Composite Layers

Layers w ith fiber direction

Traditional and 3D Representation:

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Layers off

Composite Layers

Layers w ith fiber direction

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HyperMesh tabs The primary use for tabs in HyperMesh is to house browsers. You may still encounter other tabs, such as file import/export tabs, while using HyperMesh--but these are common features that appear in multiple HyperWorks Desktop applications, and are not specific to HyperMesh itself. In addition you may encounter other browsers in the tab area as well when using other applications, but this section of the HyperMesh Help refers specifically to the features that only display when HyperMesh is the active desktop application. HyperMesh tabs include the following: HyperMesh Connector Browser HyperMesh Entity State Browser HyperMesh Loadcase Browser HyperMesh Mask Browser HyperMesh Model Browser HyperMesh Solver Browser HyperMesh Utility Menu

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HyperMesh Calculator The HyperMesh calculator opens when you right-click on any active numeric field. This calculator is designed using "reverse Polish" notation, meaning that you enter the value that you wish to apply first, and then click the operation that you wish to perform. To enter a value (such as 80), just click the numbers to represent this number and click the enter key. 1) Click 8. 2) Click 0. 3) Click enter.

HyperMesh converts this number into scientific notation: 8.000 e+-1.

Working with pre-populated values In the example below the Distance panel was used to populate the calculator with the current value of 1.430 e+02; this value was already in the active numeric field when the field was right-clicked. If you wish to divide this value by two, you click 2 and then the divide symbol (/). Thus, the overall syntax of the math operation would be written as "1.43e+1 2 /" rather than "1.43e+1 / 2".

1) With the current value of 1.430 e +01, Click the number 2. 2) Click the “/” symbol. 3) Click enter. The new calculated value displays:

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Thus, you divided the original value (14.30 or 1.430e+2) by 2 to yield 7.150 (7.150e+1).

Click “exit” to close the popup.

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Browsers Browsers supply a great deal of view-related functionality in HyperMesh by listing the parts of a model in a tabular and/or tree-based format, and providing controls inside the table that allow you to alter the display of model parts.

Basic Browser Operations Connector Browser Entity State Browser Include Browser Loadsteps Browser Mask by Config Browser Model Browser Set Browser Solver Browser Utility Menu

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Basic Browser Operations Browsers display information in a tree view. In tree views, collectors such as Components or Groups appear at the top level of the hierarchy, while collected entities such as Elements or Surfaces display as "children" nested within the collector to which they belong. Each item in a tree view is commonly referred to as a "node", regardless of whether it's a Parent Node or a Child Node.

This example show s several instances of children nested w ithin parent nodes.

Generally speaking, performing an action on a child node affects only that item, be it a single Load or the entire collection of Elements in the model (which, in the example above, are collectively a child node of the

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Components parent node). However, performing the same action on a parent node automatically applies it to all children of that node as well. For example, in the screenshot above you could turn off display of the Elements without affecting the display of connectors, geometry, or Components (the parent node of the Elements. However, if you turned off the display of Components, then Connectors, Elements, and Geometry would also be turned off because they are children of the Components node. Different browsers are customized for usage with regard to the types of parts that you want to work with. Most browsers have similar basic functionality for Sorting Entities, Filtering Entities, and Finding Entities. However, most browsers also include include a context-sensitive right-click menu and sets of control buttons (similar to toolbars, but unable to be detached to re-docked) that are specific to the browser in which they appear. Each of these is described in the appropriate browser's help.

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Sorting Entities You can sort the entities in a folder by clicking on the heading of each column. Click the Entities heading to sort alphabetically by name, or click the ID heading to sort numerically by entity ID. In either case, repeated clicks toggle between ascending and descending order.

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Filtering Entities You can filter the entity types that appear in the browser’s tree structure by clicking the Show Filter option from the browser context sensitive menu. This feature allows you to determine which categories of entity appear in the browser’s tree structure. Clicking this feature adds a new list box to the browser, named Show: and located just below the browser view controls. Click this list box to open a list of all the entity types that can display in the tree structure. Each entity type in the list has a checkbox next to it; click the checkboxes to toggle the display of that entity type as a folder in the browser’s tree structure. For example, the Components folder only displays in the tree structure if Components is checked in this list. In this way, you can make the tree structure shorter and easier to navigate by removing entity types from the browser list that you do not need to work with.

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Notice that the list of available entity types includes you aricons for Display All, Display None, and Reverse Display as described in the Global Display Tools. However, in this case they are used for selection; Select All, Select None, and Reverse Selection. In addition, the list contains buttons labeled OK and Cancel. Whene satisfied with your selection of entity types, click OK to close the list. Otherwise, click Cancel to discard your changes and close the list without altering the Model Browser’s tree structure. You can also select groups of entities based on a wildcard search. Accomplish this via the Matching: combo text/list box. For example, if you type *collector into this combo box and press , then all entity types ending with "collector" will be checked and display in the list. Fine-tune the search/selection by choosing an option from the (

) button:

Match case only selects tree items that match the entered text exactly, including upper/lower case letters Whole name only selects tree items whose entire name matches the specified text. For example, typing pillar in the matching field when using the whole name option will not locate a component named "CH-A-PILLAR-B-I-L". To find such a component, you would need to run a wildcard search for something such as *pillar*.

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Finding Entities You can locate an entity by clicking the Show Find option within the context sensitive menu. This opens a new line of entries within the top of the browser; the additional options include a combination text/list Find: box and arrow buttons for Find Next, Find Previous, Find All and Options for searching (represented by a downward-facing double arrow).

To find an entity, type a search string into the combination box and (if necessary) click the Options for searching button to reveal a list that allows you to specify search behavior: Match Case

Only entities whose names contain the search string with upper/lower case matching what you typed into the Find: box. For example, with this option active, a search for "chassis" will ignore an entity called "Chassis".

Whole Names

Only those entities whose complete name matches what you typed into the Find will be found: box, rather than only part of the name. In other words, if you type "chassis" into the Find: box, entities labeled "chassis1", "FrontChassis", or "RearChassis1" will be ignored.

Use Wildcards

Wildcards allow you to search for any items that partially match the text you are searching for. For instance, you could search for "*pillar" and find components named "A-Pillar" and "B-Pillar". Note that using wildcards is generally not compatible with searching for whole names!

By ID

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Using this option allows you to type an entity ID into the Find: box instead

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of a text-based name.

Note that these options are on/off toggles; clicking one activates it (represented by a checkbox in the list). To deactivate the option, select it again to remove the checkbox. In this way you can combine the search options, such as searching for whole names with matching case. To find entities matching your specified string and options, click the up or down arrow buttons to search upward or downward through the browser’s tree. In this way, you can continue searching by repeat clicks of these buttons; for example, after clicking the down-arrow and finding the first match, you can find the next match by clicking the down-arrow again. When the find function reaches the bottom of the tree it will start over again from the top, until it has performed a single full loop from its starting point. So, for instance, if the tree contains three entities matching your search string, clicking the down-arrow button finds match #1; clicking again finds match #2; clicking third time finds match #3; clicking a fourth time reaches the end of the tree and starts over from the top, finding match #1 again. To find all of the matching entries, click the Find All button (the double-headed arrow). This finds and highlights all matching entries in the tree list. Once the entity that matches the entered string is found, it is highlighted in the Model Browser. If the entity is found inside an assembly that is collapsed, the appropriate assemblies are expanded to expose the entity. Since this function works in combination with the filters, it only searches for items currently shown in the tree.

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Dialogs Whenever you create, edit, or assign properties to a new component, property, or material, you enter the relevant information in a dialog box that opens when you choose the desired function. For example, if you right-click on a component in Model Browser and and select create from its context-sensitive menu, the Create Component dialog opens.

Dialogs are dynamic, with different fields and tabs being enabled or disabled depending on the needs of the solver associated with your current user profile. Dialogs also retain the last set of information entered upon the previous create action; if you create a new entity, the details are saved for the next time you used the create dialog. If, however, you cancel the dialog without creating anything, these details are lost. Finally, due to the dependence on user profiles, changing your profile while a dialog is open has the same effect as clicking Cancel. When you create a new entity, the dialog does not close unless you activate the Close dialog upon creation checkbox (or click the "X" in the dialog's title bar). This allows you to use the same dialog to create multiple entities of the same type without needing to go through the right-click menu to open a new dialog each time. By default, you must click the Cancel button to close the dialog. When you access a dialog by right-clicking on an existing item in the browser, the dialog defaults to the same information as the item that you right-clicked on. This allows you to quickly create series of similar properties and components by changing only one or two variables without having to re-enter all of the common information for each item. Even if you don't begin the process by right-clicking an item, you can still populate the fields in the dialog by activating the same as checkbox and picking an existing item from the list box. The color and other properties will be set to the same values as the item you selected. Note that the same as field is disabled if there are no other entities in the database of the same type. The material and property tabs of the Assign dialog allow you to type in a name for the desired material or property. When you type in a name that already exists in the database, the values associated with that

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preexisting material or property automatically fill in the fields of the tab. This behavior appears on the Create Component dialog's Property and Material tabs, as well as in the Create Property dialog. Note:

If you attempt to assign properties or materials using names that already exist in the database, the pre-existing property or material will be assigned. Its values will display in the dialog as described above, but cannot be edited.

Updating Multiple Entities You can use typical -click and -click functionality in the Model Browser to select multiple entities. If you choose multiple entities and then edit their properties or materials, the Name field in the Update dialog will be empty, and all of the selected entities will be set to the same values and color chosen in the dialog. When you have selected multiple entities with different data in certain fields, those fields will also display as blank. If you leave these blank fields empty, the corresponding data for each selected entity will not be updated--the original, individual values will be kept. If, however, you enter a new value into the blank field, that value will be applied to all of the selected entities, overwriting whatever values they previously had for that field.

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Connector Browser The Connector Browser is used to view and modify connectors in the current model (for details on what a connector is, see Connectors and its sub-topics in the section on HyperMesh Entities). The Connector Browser can be invoked from the View menu and displays in the tab area.

The browser includes two major areas: The Link Entity Browser in the top of the tab, which displays information for the linked entities in the model, and A tree view of all the connections contained in the model, located in the lower half of the tab.. These connectors display in folders, organized based on the respective realization types. The names of the folders are obtained from the FE configuration names specified for respective solvers in the feconfig.cfg file. The browser can directly affect the graphics engine by selecting, highlighting, showing or hiding entities. It also provides quick access to HyperMesh functionality such as finding links, finding connectors from links or realizations, renumbering, masking, creating & deleting; and quick access to connector entity functionality such as add links, remove links, update links, and editing connector attributes. The browser and the HyperMesh database synchronize to ensure that all changes to the connector or component information in

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the database is reflected correctly in the browser at all times. The browser can be configured to display only the information that you wish to see; the current configuration is saved, so that the next time you open the browser it opens with the same configuration as the last time that it was used.

Connector Browser Functionality Tool sets and context-sensitive menus provide functionality in the Connector Browser. Each section (Link Entity Browser and Connector Entity Browser) includes its own set of tools. The Link Entity Browser includes a context-sensitive menu, a Global Display tool set, and an Action Modes tool set similar to that found in the model browser (rimmed in blue below). In addition, it contains toggle buttons for view options (red) and advanced action buttons (yellow).

The Connector Entity Browser includes a context-sensitive menu, a Global Display tool set, and an Action Modes tool set (rimmed in blue below). In addition, it contains toggle buttons for view options (red) and advanced action buttons (yellow). Finally, a Utility tool set at the bottom of the browser accesses various HyperMesh panels, and exports connector data in XML format.

Specific tasks that can be performed using the Connector Browser include: Adding Links or Removing Links Update Links Finding Connectors from Parts or Finding Connectors from Realizations, and Finding Links from Connectors.

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Link Entity Browser This contains a tabular display of the links that are connected using the connectors in the model. Currently only a component view is supported. This information is non-editable, but can be used to quickly locate certain links and appropriate connectors in the graphics area. Unless all view option toggle buttons are inactive (with an orange background) the global display tool set, the action mode tool set and the context menu actions (show, hide, isolate, isolate only) work exactly as it they do in the Model Browser's component view. Only component links are taken into account for these actions. If at least one of the view option toggle buttons is active, the behavior of show, hide, isolate and isolate only is different. The style of the action buttons changes to indicate the different behaviour (additional connector symbol on the standard action buttons).

The actions take into account connector-link-relations, and the display result depends on the active view options. Therefore parts of the model are separated into three different categories based on the link selection. These categories are: •

1st link entity: selected links (components)

•

linked connectors: connectors which reference at least one of the selected links

•

2nd link entity: links (components) which are referenced by the linked connectors

Note that in this case connectors and their realizations are treated as being a separate category from their links, in order to prevent unpredictable cross-references. This kind of categorical separation is only used for the actions show, hide, isolate and isolate only, and only when one of the view option toggle buttons is active, regardless of whether the actions are taken from the context menu or the action buttons. No other functionality uses this categorization at all. You can also change the base features of the Link Entity Browser in the Link Entity Browser configuration window.

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Link Entity Browser Action Modes Tools The series of icons found on the right side of the Link Entity Browser control both entity selection and the display of the model. These buttons behave in two different ways depending on the setting of the view option buttons. If no view option button is active, the core behavior of the action mode tools remains exactly the same as in the component view of the Model Browser. For that reason, this topic focuses on the behavior when a view option is active. In this mode the actions like show, hide, isolate or isolate only are not only done on the pure selection. Based on the selection a certain process of finding and filtering is performed so that further entities can be taken into account for the action depending on the setting of the view option toggle buttons.

Each tool button is explained below: The next and previous buttons cycle through the selected links in the table, but are only active when link entities in the table are selected (highlighted). These are especially helpful when not all selected links can be seen in the partial view of the list. This button affects how the rest of the tools work, by determining what type of entity they will act on. For example, when set to "components", the selector tool (described below) will only select or deselect components. This icon is disabled and set to component because the Connector Browser only supports components as links. In addition to the previous button, this one limits the action mode tools to affect only elements, geometry, or both. elements only geometry only both Note that even if you choose elements only, you can still perform actions on connectors (geometric entities) by selecting their link entities. However, any action taken (such as Isolate) will only affect the entity types specified by this button. In the case of geometry only, only connectors with at least one link state defined as "geometry" are taken into account. Since connectors can be defined as linking elements, surfaces, or a combination of both, this button affects actions taken on them in a similar manner. For example, if you set the button to "elements only" but select a connector that only connects geometry, the actions you might take

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on that connector will not affect it. However, if the connector links both geometry and elements, then any actions taken would still apply to the connector due to the element links. Use the Selector tool to interactively select any type of supported link entity via the browser, or by selecting within the graphics area. The Selector can be used to Find link entities from the graphics area which will then be highlighted in the list, and is also an efficient way of selecting multiple link entities at once. Finally, the Selector can be used in conjunction with the action buttons show, hide, isolate and isolate only as well as the advanced action buttons show/hide connectors between and isolate/isolate only connectors between; simply select link entities from the browser or graphics area using the Selector, then click the desired action button. Note that these advanced action buttons only activate when at least two link entities are selected. In other respects the Selector works exactly the same as described for the Model Browser. The Add to Panel Collector is a function whereby the browser can be used to select and add entities to the panel collectors within HyperMesh. This is an alternative method to using the advanced selection capabilities already available in each panel collector's extended entity selection menu. This button only becomes available when you have a HyperMesh panel open that includes at least one entity collector. Show/Hide the currently selected entities, depending on the currently active view option toggles. Alternatively, click this mode on and then pick the desired links from the graphics area; links (and any other entities determined by the view options) are hidden as you click on them. Note that when used to select from the graphics area, this button only works on visible links. Isolate/isolate only the currently selected entities. Alternatively, click this mode on and then pick the desired link entity from the graphics area. Isolate displays only the selected entities which match the view option toggles, turning their display state to on and turning all other entities of the same type off. Isolate works locally within a specific entity type--for example if component(s) are isolated then all display states of other displayable entities, such as Load Collectors, remain untouched. Isolate Only works like Isolate, except that it also affects entity types different from the matching, selected entities. Thus, it turns off ALL displayable entities (regardless of type) except for the selected one(s) that match the view option settings. Note that unlike the normal isolate button, when used in the graphics area this button only works on visible links. Reverts the most recent action taken. When you perform an action, the current display states of all elements and the view is stored before executing the action. Up to 5 states can be stored, so repeated use of the Undo button allows you to revert multiple actions in reverse order.

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Link Entity Browser View Option Toggle buttons The Link Entity Browser is a tool to easily examine the connections between the different parts of a model. One strategy to do that is to start the investigation on one part or a certain group of parts, so each action in the Link Entity Browser starts with a selection of parts. Parts can be considered as links. These view options affect the Link Entity Browser Action Modes Tools, and thus determine the entities that display when you select and then show, hide, or isolate a link.

Each button is modal--that is, you click it once to activate it, and click it again to deactivate it. Active buttons remain active until you specifically deactivate them, so you do not need to worry about them "resetting" after you perform an action such as isolate.

active

inactive

The following model illustrates the effects of these search options. Note the highlighted component; this component is the starting point for the following examples.

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(Model provided courtesy of Audi)

In each case below, the selected component has been Isolated, using only the relevant view option. Option

Name

Effect

1st link entity

The selected link entity can always be seen as the 1st link entity, even if the selected part isn't referenced by any connector at all. If the 1st link entity view option button is active, the selected links will be taken into account for the action regardless. This means that in case of the isolation, all selected links will be isolated.

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Linked connector entity If this linked connector entity view option button is active all connectors linked to the 1st link entities will be taken into account for the action. It doesn't matter if the 1st link entity view option button is active or inactive, its connectors will still be located (this determination has nothing to do with any display states). This means that in case of the isolation, only the connectors which are referenced by the selected links (1st link entity) are isolated.

2nd link entity

If the 2nd link entity view option button is active, all link entities referenced by the determined connectors except the (selected) 1st link entities will be taken into account for the action. It doesn't matter if the 1st link entity or the linked connector entity view option buttons are active or inactive; this determination has nothing to do with any display states. In the case of isolation, this means that only the links that share connectors with the selected entities are isolated.

Note that the selected link is hidden because 1st link entity w as not active.

Realization

61

When this option is active, all realizations belonging to the determined linked connector entities will be taken into account for

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the action.

Fit view

This button is meant to be used in combination with other view option toggle buttons and show, hide, isolate, or isolate only or together with the advanced action buttons. After the action is performed, the newly found connectors are placed in the middle of the screen. If this button is used in any combination with one of the previously mentioned buttons, it works like a pure fit view.

In this example, the link entity w as Isolated w ith the fit view option.

Cumulative effect of multiple options These options work accumulatively--for example, when both the 1st link entity and 2nd link entity buttons are active, then selecting and isolating a component link displays both it and all of the components connected it. If you had realization, 1st link entity, and 2nd link entity active when you isolated the same component link, then the model would display all of the component links connected to the selected one, as well as graphical representation of the realizations of each connector linking those component links together.

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The first image show s an isolated view w ith only 1st link and connectors. The second includes 1st and 2nd links, connectors, and realizations.

Using the 2nd Link option to expand the selection You can use the 1st link and 2nd link options together to gradually add more and more component links to your viewable model by starting with a small area, such as a single component, and then selecting additional components. The example below starts with a single component that has been isolated using the 1st link and linked connector entity options. Then, using the 1st link, linked connector entity, and 2nd link options, the Show action mode tool is activated. In each subsequent image, one component (highlighted) is selected to be shown. Because the 2nd link option is active, all components connected to the selected one are revealed.

Here, the initial isolated component has been selected.

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All entities attached to the component are revealed. Another is selected.

Again, link entities attached to the selected one are revealed. A third is selected...

...And still more entities, having no direct connection to the original part, display.

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Link Entity Browser Advanced Action Buttons Located adjacent to the view option toggle buttons, these two buttons allow you to show, hide, isolate or isolate only connectors shared by two or more link entities, by picking the component links (or other supported link entities) that they connect. These advanced actions then select the connectors referenced by the selected link entities and perform the desired action (show, hide, etc.) upon them.

These buttons only enable when you select at least two entities from the graphics area or the Link Entity Browser list, and they perform different actions depending on the mouse button used: Button

Name

Left-Click behavior

Right-Click behavior

Show/Hide

Show connectors between the selected entities.

Hide connectors between the selected entities.

Isolate/ Isolate Only

Isolate the selected entities and the connectors between them.

Isolate only the connectors between the selected entities.

Unlike other action-type buttons, these two are not affected by the link view option toggle buttons (1st link, 2nd link, or linked connector). However, they do work in conjunction with the realization view option button. You can specify how these shared connectors are determined by changing settings in the Link Entity Browser configuration window.

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Link Entity Browser Global Display Tools Use this tool set to display or hide the graphics for components in the browser list.

Elems/Geom/Both (filter for All/None/Reverse and local display control) Display All Display None Display reverse The Elements/Geometry/Both button determines what the other buttons act on; left click the small triangular downward arrow to reveal a drop-down menu of options. You can select Elements, Geometry, or Both. The Display All, Display None, and Reverse Display buttons at the top of the tab change the display state of all linked components in the list. All displays and None hides all of the items shown in the list/tree. Reverse reverses the state of all entities (displaying the hidden and hiding the displayed). However, if you have multiple link entities selected in the browser list, then these actions are only performed on the selected entities. To deselect all currently selected entities, simply left-click in any empty "white space" within the browser list, such as between columns. Note:

These buttons only affect the display state. They do not actually remove entities from the model, but only show or hide them in the graphics area.

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Link Entity Browser Context Menu Access the Link Entity Browser's context-sensitive menu by right-clicking on one or more components in the list.

You must select one or more components before using the context menu. You can select components by left-clicking a component, using -click and -click functionality to select multiple components in the list, or using the Link Entity Browser Global Display tool set. Once you have selected the desired components, right-click anywhere inside the list to open the context menu; the available options are: Find / Find with FE

The selected component links and all connectors referencing them are isolated in the graphics area. The component links as well as the linked connectors are highlighted in their browsers. This Find operation considers only the realization and fit view buttons. When the realization button

Find Attached / Find Attached with FE

is active, Find changes to Find With FE.

The selected component links, all connectors referencing them, and all component links referenced by these connectors are isolated in the graphics area. All the found component links as well as the linked connectors are highlighted in their browsers. This Find Attached operation considers only the realization and fit view buttons. When the realization button With FE.

Find Between / Find Between with FE

is active, Find Attached changes to Find Attached

The selected component links and connectors that link them together are isolated in the graphics area. All the found component links as well as their shared connectors are highlighted in their browsers. This Find Between operation considers only the realization and fit view buttons.

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When the realization button With FE.

is active, Find Attached changes to Find Attached

Note that the definition which kind of connector is found by this action can be set in the options tab of the Link Entity Browser configuration window. By default, a connector which references at minimum two of the selected component links is treated as a "between" connector. Show

Works exactly like the action button Show. All view option button settings are considered.

Hide

Works exactly like the action button Hide. All view option button settings are considered.

Isolate

Works exactly like the action button Isolate. All view option button settings are considered.

Isolate Only

Works exactly like the action button Isolate Only. All view option button settings are considered.

Show find / Hide find

Reveals or hides the Find box described in Finding Entities under Basic Browser Operations.

Configure Browser

Opens the Link Entity Browser configuration window.

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Link Entity Browser Configuration Window Accessed from the right-click Link Entity Browser Context Menu, this new window allows you to alter the columns that display in the Link Entity Browser, and how the special features such as the find between tool operate.

Columns tab This tab allows you to check all of the columns that you wish to display in the browser, and uncheck ones that you wish to hide so that they do not display.

When the Column types radio button is active, the checkboxes also become active. Furthermore, the buttons for select all, select none, and invert selection also become active, as they only affect the listed column checkboxes.

Options tab This tab allows you to determine how the find between tool locates connectors.

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The options to for using the find between tool include: minimum two selected links: only connectors that link to at least two selected entities will be affected. Connectors with only one link to any of the selected entities will be ignored. exact selected links: only connectors that only link to the selected entities will be affected. This can vary from the minimum two selected links option, because connectors with three or more links which link two selected entities with at least one unselected entity, would still be found by the minimum two selected links option but not by this one. all selected links: any connector shared by the selected entities will be found. Note, however, that connectors which link selected components to any unselected ones will not be found, as they are not located between the selected comps. In addition, you can select the global option to use the striped background (in which each line of the browser lists will alternate background colors.)

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Connector Entity Browser The lower section of the Connector Browser contains a tree view of all the connections contained in the model, and has its own set of tools similar to the ones found in the link entity browser. All the connectors in the model are displayed in folders organized based on the respective realization types. The names of the folders are obtained from the FE configuration names specified for respective solvers in the feconfig. cfg file. The connector information in the tree can be used to find link entities connected by specific connectors, and also to modify certain connector attributes. The columns display a sub-set of connector information that is important for recognizing connection information easily. Unless all view option toggle buttons in the global display tool set are inactive, the action mode tool set and the context menu actions (show, hide, isolate, isolate only) work similarly to their functions in the Model Browser's component view. If at least one of the view option toggle buttons is active (appearing in orange), the behavior of show, hide, isolate and isolate only is different. The image on the action buttons changes to include a connector symbol, indicating the different behaviour.

The actions take into account connector-link relations, and the display result depends on the active view options. Therefore parts of the model are separated into three different categories based on the connector selection: 1st connector entity: selected connectors linked entities: links (components) which are referenced by one of the selected connectors 2nd connector entity: connectors which reference at least one of the linked entities (components) Note that in this case connectors and their realizations are treated as being a separate category from their links, in order to prevent unpredictable cross-references. This kind of categorical separation is only used for the actions show, hide, isolate and isolate only, and only when one of the view option toggle buttons is active, regardless of whether the actions are taken from the context menu or the action buttons. No other functionality uses this categorization at all. You can also change the base features of the Connector Entity Browser in the Connector Entity Browser configuration window.

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The following connector details are displayed as column data in the browser tree: Entities

Layer

ID of the connector and an image that represents the respective connector’s style (spot, seam, bolt, etc). The total number of link entities to be joined by the connector. This is also marked as thickness layers (2T/3T/4T, etc).

Tolerance

The realization tolerance of the connector. You can change this by right-clicking the field and typing in a new value, then pressing .

Component

The name of the component to which the connector belongs (this column is not displayed in default view).

Link(Number)

These columns (one for each link that the connector possesses) display the following information: The type of entity the connector is linked to (node, element, surface, component, etc.) and the linked entity’s ID or name. Note:

Link reconnect rule (use name, use id, etc) and the link state (connect to mesh or geometry) can be viewed in the link column by selecting the extended link information checkbox in the Connector Entity Browser configuration window.

If you left-click and hold the mouse button on a link, the relevant component (part) highlights in the model:

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Realize To

Where the connector is realized. One of three possible values may display here: Current comp Connector comp Property Script You can right-click and pick between current comp and connector comp, but if a property script is defined for the connectors you cannot change this field.

State

Realization state of the connector entity: unrealized, realized, or failed. Note:

For those writing scripts instead of using the GUI, a more detailed report can be created by using the following lines in your script: set error_report [ hm_ce_errorreport CE_ID 1 ]

Functionality is accessed from the global display tool set, an action modes tool set, and a right-click context menu.

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Connector Entity Browser Action Modes Tools The series of icons found on the right side of the Connector Entity Browser control both entity selection and the display of the model. These buttons behave in two different ways depending on the setting of the view option buttons. If no view option button is active, the core behavior of the action mode tools (show/ hide/isolate) applies exclusively to the selected connectors, similarly to components in the component view of the Model Browser. For that reason, this topic focuses on their behavior when a view option is active. In this mode the actions like show, hide, isolate or isolate only are not only done on the selection; based on the selection, the browser performs a process of finding and filtering so that further entities can be taken into account for the action depending on the setting of the view option toggle buttons. Use these tool set buttons to advance or step back through multiple selected connectors, pick connectors from the graphics area, add connectors to an active panel's entity collector, turn the display of individual connectors on and off, visually isolate specific connectors, or undo any visual modifications (show/hide/ isolate).

The next and previous buttons cycle through the selected connectors in the tree, but are only active when entities in the tree are selected (highlighted). These are especially helpful when not all selected connectors can be seen in the partial view of the tree. These buttons affect how the rest of the tools work, by determining what type of entity they will act on. For example, when set to "connectors", the Selector tool (described below) will only select or deselect connectors. Note, however, that these icons are disabled and set to their default values ("connectors" and "both geometry and elements") since only connectors can be selected in the connector entity browser, but the connector browser works with all k inds of connectors--both geometry and FEbased. Use the Selector tool to interactively select any type of supported connector entity via the browser, or by selecting within the graphics area. The Selector can be used to find connector entities from the graphics area which will then be highlighted in the list, and is also an efficient way of selecting multiple connector entities at once. Finally, the Selector can be used in conjunction with the action buttons show, hide, isolate and isolate only as well as the advanced action buttons show/hide twin connectors and isolate/ isolate only twin connectors; simply select connector entities from the browser or graphics area using the Selector, then click the desired action button. Note that these advanced action buttons only activate when at least two connector entities are selected.

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In other respects the Selector works exactly the same as described for the Model Browser. The Add to Panel Collector is a function whereby the browser can be used to select and add entities to the panel collectors within HyperMesh. This is an alternative method to using the advanced selection capabilities already available in each panel collector's extended entity selection menu. This button only becomes available when you have a HyperMesh panel open that includes at least one entity collector. Show/Hide the currently selected entities, depending on the currently active view option toggles. Alternatively, click this mode on and then pick the desired connectors from the graphics area; connectors and any other entities determined by the view option toggle settings are hidden as you click on them. Note that when used to select from the graphics area, this button only works on visible connectors. Isolate/isolate only the currently selected entities. Alternatively, click this mode on and then pick the desired connector entity from the graphics area. Isolate displays only the selected entities which match the view option toggles, turning their display state to on and turning all other entities of the same type off. Isolate works locally within a specific entity type--for example if component(s) are isolated then all display states of other displayable entities, such as Load Collectors, remain untouched. Isolate Only works like Isolate, except that it also affects entity types different from the matching, selected entities. Thus, it turns off ALL displayable entities (regardless of type) except for the selected one(s) that match the view option settings. Note that unlike the normal isolate button, when used in the graphics area this button only works on visible connectors. Reverts the most recent action taken. When you perform an action, the current display states of all elements and the view is stored before executing the action. Up to 5 states can be stored, so repeated use of the Undo button allows you to revert multiple actions in reverse order.

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Connector Entity Browser View Option Toggle Buttons These options affect the action mode tools, and thus determine the entities that display when you select and then show, hide, or isolate a component.

Each button is modal--that is, you click it once to activate it, and click it again to deactivate it. Active buttons remain active until you specifically deactivate them, so you do not need to worry about them "resetting" after you perform an action such as isolate.

active

inactive

The following model illustrates the effects of these search options. Note the highlighted connector; this connector is the starting point for the following examples.

Note the small, w hite-highlighted connector entity on the grey-meshed part. (Model provided courtesy of Audi)

In each case below, the selected connector has been Isolated, using only the relevant view option.

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Option

Name

Effect

1st connector entity The selected connector entity can always be seen as the 1st connector entity, even if the selected connector doesn’t reference any links at all. If the 1st connector entity view option button is active, the selected connectors will be taken into account for the action regardless. This means that in the case of isolation, all selected connectors will be isolated.

Here, only the single selected connector w as isolated (also show n in magnified view ).

Linked entity

Finds the link entities/components to which the selected connector connects. If this linked entity view option button is active all entities linked to the 1st connector entities will be taken into account for the action. It doesn't matter if the 1st connector entity view option button is active or inactive, its entities will still be located (this determination has nothing to do with any display states). This means that in case of isolation, only the entities which are referenced by the selected connectors (1st connector entity) are isolated.

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The connector does not display because "1st connector entity" is not active.

2nd connector entity Finds other connectors that are connected to the chosen connectors' linked entities. If this 2nd connector entity view option button is active, all connectors referenced by the determined linked entities except the originallyselected 1st connector entities will be taken into account for the action. It doesn't matter if the 1st connector entity or the linked entity view option buttons are active or inactive; this determination has nothing to do with any display states. In the case of isolation, this means that only the connectors that share links with the selected 1st connector entities are isolated.

The entity does not display because "linked entity" is not active.

Realization

Finds and displays the realization for the selected connectors.

Fit view

This button is meant to be used in combination with other view option toggle buttons and show, hide, isolate, or isolate only or together with the advanced action buttons. After the action is performed, the newly found connectors and/or entities are placed in the middle of the screen. If this button is used in any combination with one of the previously

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mentioned buttons, it works like a pure fit view.

In this example, the 1st connector and the link entity w ere Isolated w ith the fit view option.

Cumulative Effect of Multiple View Options These options work accumulatively--for example, when both the Linked Entity and 2nd connector entity buttons are active, then selecting and isolating a connector displays the component that it links to, and all the other connectors that link to that component. If you had realization, Linked Entity, and 2nd connector entity active when you isolated the same connector, then the model would display the component to which the connector links, all other connectors linking to that component, and the realizations of each displayed connector.

The first image show s an isolated view w ith linked entity, 2nd connectors and realizations. The second includes the same options, but w ithout realizations and additional fit view .

Using Connector Links to Expand the Selection You can use the Show feature to gradually increase the components and connectors that display. In the following example, a single connector's link entities and 2nd connectors have been isolated. By activating the Show action mode, the components and connectors that display can be expanded by clicking on connectors that currently display; since the link entities and 2nd connectors view modes are still active, each clicked connector's link entities and 2nd connectors are added to the view.

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Here, the highlighted connector is selected for Show .

A new connected component displays. Again, the highlighted connector is clicked...

...And another connected component displays. A third highlighted connector is clicked...

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...And a third connected component displays.

You can continue revealing more and more parts this way, theoretically eventually revealing the entire model. The reverse option is also true; by activating the Hide mode instead of Show, you could gradually "chip away" at the model, removing one connected component at a time--or multiple components in the case of multi-layer connectors.

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Connector Entity Browser Advanced Action Buttons Located adjacent to the view option toggle buttons, these two buttons allow you to show, hide, isolate or isolate only "twin" connectors. Twin connectors are connectors which reference at least two matching link entities. The criteria for exactly how twin connectors must match can be increased in the Connector Entity Browser configuration window to require all links to match exactly, instead of only two or more matching ones. These advanced actions then select the connectors referencing the same links and perform the desired action (show, hide, etc.) upon them.

These buttons only enable when you select at least one connector entity from the graphics area or the Connector Entity Browser tree, and they perform different actions depending on the mouse button used: Button

Name

Left-Click behavior

Right-Click behavior

Show/Hide

Show twin connectors.

Hide twin connectors.

Isolate/ Isolate Only

Isolate twin connectors.

Isolate only twin connectors.

Unlike other action-type buttons, these two are not affected by the view option toggle buttons (1st connector , 2nd connector, or linked entity). However, they do work in conjunction with the realization view option button.

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Connector Entity Browser Global Display Tools Use this tool set to control the display of connectors.

The functionality works at three levels; if nothing is selected, this is called the global level, the display action will work on all connectors. At the folder level, if the folder is highlighted then the action will only operate on the connectors within the folder. At the local entity level, if a single or multiple connectors are selected then the operation will operate only on those selected. Display All Display None Display reverse

Note:

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These buttons only affect the display state. They do not actually remove entities from the model, but only show or hide them in the graphics area.

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Connector Entity Browser Context Menu The Connector Entity Browser context menu includes all of the functionality available in the Connector Entity Browser, including connector creation and deletion, renumbering, updating, finding connectors, and much more. Access the Connector Entity Browser's context-sensitive menu by right-clicking in the tree list. (Note, however, that if you right-click on the Tolerance or Realize to fields of a specific connector, you will access those fields for edit rather than opening the context menu.)

The tools available in the context menu vary depending on what you right-click on; for example, right-clicking on a connector (in the entities column) accesses the full menu, but right-clicking a link (in the Link1 or Link2 columns) only presents the Remove Link option. Depending on the column clicked, the following options may or may not be available as appropriate to the

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item clicked: Create

This accesses a sub-menu of connector types; picking a type opens the related connector panel in the HyperMesh panel area, as well as the FE Absorb user interface.

Delete

This accesses a sub-menu with options to delete connectors or connectors and their related FE elements.

Renumber

Allows a single connector to be renumbered; the change is permanently recorded in the database and the browser.

Update layer

Opens a dialog to input the layer value that you wish to assign to the selected connectors (this function works for multiple selections).

Simply type the desired number of layers into the text box and press . The layer value defines the number of thicknesses (2T/3T/etc) a connector connects at its location. The layer value defined in a connector can be greater than or equal to number of links connected by the connector. The connectors will be unrealized after this update, but the change is recorded permanently in the database and in the browser. Alternatively, you can also update the layer directly by right-clicking on the field itself rather than using the context menu. Update tolerance

Opens a dialog to input the tolerance value that you wish to assign to the selected connectors (this function works for multiple selections).

You can also do this directly by right-clicking on the field itself rather than using the context menu. Update realize to

If the connector doesn't currently use a property script for realization, this opens a small pop-up menu that lets you choose between current comp and connector comp.

You can also do this directly by right-clicking on the field itself rather than using the context menu. Add Link

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Opens a new set of controls in the bottom of the tab to add links to the selected connectors. See Add Links for in-depth instructions.

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Update Link

Opens a new set of controls in the bottom of the tab to perform a part replacement. Note that editing a connector causes it to become unrealized.

Remove Link

This option is accessible only from the column(s) that display the link information. A sub-menu gives the option to remove the selected link(s) from the selected connectors or all connectors in the browser. The connectors will be unrealized and the change is recorded permanently in the database and in the browser.

Remove Links

This option removes all of the links from the selected connectors. The connectors will be unrealized and the change is recorded permanently in the database and in the browser selected connectors or all connectors in the browser. The connectors will be unrealized and the change is recorded permanently in the database and in the browser.

Rerealize

Calls the *CE_Realize command to realize connectors by accepting only a connector mark. The underlying assumption in the command is that each connector passed in the mark has the required information to be successfully realized. The required information such as tolerance, weld configuration, diameter, etc is not defined for connectors created using the FE Absorb utility; hence the Rerealize feature in the Connector Browser works only for connectors that were realized through an HM connector panel.

Unrealize

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Unrealizes the selected connectors.

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Find Parts / The components that are linked in the selected connectors are isolated in the display Find Parts with with the connectors. If the realization view option is turned on then the realized FE FE of the connectors is also displayed. The isolated components are highlighted in the table. Show

Works exactly like the action button Show. All view option button settings are considered.

Hide

Works exactly like the action button Hide. All view option button settings are considered.

Isolate

Works exactly like the action button Isolate. All view option button settings are considered.

Isolate Only

Works exactly like the action button Isolate Only. All view option button settings are considered.

Show find / Hide find

Activates a new tool set used to perform searches. This works exactly the same as described in Finding Entities.

Collapse All

This option closes all the expanded folders in the browser.

Expand All

This option expands all the folders to display all the connectors. This operation may take some time for folders that contain thousands of connectors.

Configure Browser

Opens the Connector Entity Browser configuration window which contains options to configure the Connector Browser's list display and button behavior.

See also *CE_Realize FE Absorb Connectors panel

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Connector Entity Browser Configuration Window Accessed from the Connector Entity Browser context menu, this new window allows you to alter the columns that display in the link entity browser, and how the special features such as the find twin connectors tool operate.

Columns tab This tab allows you to check all of the columns that you wish to display in the browser, and uncheck ones that you wish to hide so that they do not display.

When the Column types radio button is active, the checkboxes also become active. Furthermore, the buttons for select all, select none, and invert selection also become active, as they only affect the listed column checkboxes.

Options tab This tab allows you to determine how the find twin connectors tool locates connectors.

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The Local connector options include: Extended information: When checked, this causes each link to display its link state (connect to mesh or geometry) and its reconnection rule (use ID, use name, or at fe realize). The reconnect rule is set when the connector is created, and determines what the connector will automatically try to reconnect with when a part is deleted and then replaced:

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-

If the new part has the same part ID as the deleted one, then use ID will automatically reconnect.

-

If the new part has the same name as the deleted one, then use name will automatically reconnect.

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Max viewed: regardless of how many links a connector might have, only this many Link columns will display in the browser. The options for using the find twin connectors tool include: Minimum two links: Only connectors with two or more matching links will be found. Exact links: Only connectors with exactly the same links will be found. Thus, if you start with a connector with two links, another connector with three links would not be found even if its first two links matched. In addition, you can select the global option to use the striped background (in which each line of the browser lists will alternate background colors.)

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Utility Tool Set - Connector Browser This tool set, located at the bottom of the Connector Browser, provides tools for output of a Master Connectors File, opening specific connector-related HyperMesh panels, or utilize specialized visualization options.

Allows the connector information to be exported as a Master Connectors File in XML format (*.xml). All the connectors in the browser or currently selected connectors can be exported. Opens a temporary HyperMesh panel in which elements can be selected. Clicking the proceed button finds all the connectors that have the selected elements as their realized FE, and highlights them in the browser. This utility can be used to easily find connectors from their realized welds. Opens the spot connector panel in HyperMesh. Opens the bolt connector panel in HyperMesh. Opens the seam connector panel in HyperMesh. Opens the area connector panel in HyperMesh. Opens the apply mass connector panel in HyperMesh. Opens the connector FE Absorb GUI.

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Link Definition A link is a reference to a separate entity. To a connector are one or more links added. The entities to which the links refer are connected during realization. The link definition consists of the following information: Link Type

This is the type of entity that can be added to the selected connector(s) as a link reference. Supported entities are assemblies, components, surfaces, elements, tags, and nodes.

Link ID/name

The ID or name of the entity added as a link to a connector. In the Update Link and Add Link dialog in the Connector Browser, the Link Select row corresponds to the link ID and the link name. Clicking into the fields in this row opens a temporary panel in which a specific entity can be selected. Clicking proceed returns to the Update Link or Add Link dialog. The selected entity is used to add or update a link reference.

Link State

This defines whether the weld created during connector realization connects to geometry or mesh on the link. This only applies to assembly, component, and surface entities that can contain geometry and/or mesh information.

Link Rule

This defines how a connector treats an entity added as a link. Adding a link with an ID or name rule forces the connector to retain the link’s ID or name even if that link entity no longer exists in the database. This aids in part replacement, when a new part replaces an old part and both share the same ID or name. Adding a link with the at fe-realize rule ensures that each time a connector is realized the closest entity of the correct type is found and connected. This is useful when connectors need to connect to a closest part in an assembly.

Note:

The Link reconnect rule (use name, use id, etc) and the link state (connect to mesh or geometry) can be viewed in the link column by selecting the extended link information checkbox in the Connector Entity Browser configuration window.

The Connector Browser permits the performance of different actions on the links.

See also Add Link Update Links Remove Links

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Add Link The Add Link operation is available from the Connector Entity Browser context menu.

This tool allows one link (component, assembly, surface. element, tag, node) to be added at a time to one or more connectors. The connector(s) number of layer (T) value can be incremented during the link addition operation.

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To add links 1.

Select the connectors from the browser for which a link needs to be added. The connectors can also be selected from the graphics area by using the selector button in the action modes tool set. The connectors selected in the graphics area will be highlighted in the browser tree.

2.

Right-click onto one of the highlighted connectors in the entities column to open the context menu and select the Add Link function. An Add Link dialog opens at the bottom of the connector browser. All highlighted connectors will be affected by the subsequent add link action. Note: if the Add Link dialog is still open from a previous add link execution, all blue highlighted connectors will be affected when the add link function is performed again.

3.

By default the Increment T checkbox is activated. This means the number of layers of the appropriate connectors will be raised by one for every added link. If the checkbox is deactivated the number of layers remains constant.

4.

By default the Link Type is set to component. Choose the Link Type which has to be added first. Available link entities are: component, assembly, surface, element, tag, and node.

5.

Select the link that needs to be added by clicking on the Link Select field in the Option column. After selecting the link click proceed to return to the Add Link dialog.

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6.

If the specific link needs to be remembered in the connector for a future part replacement operation by Id or by Name, select the appropriate value for the Link Rule field. Similarly, the Link State value determines whether the realized FE of the connector connects mesh or geometry.

7.

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Click the Add button to acknowledge and execute the operation.

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Remove Links The remove link option can be accessed from the Connector Entity Browser context menu by right-clicking in the Entities column or the Link column. The browser allows either one link or many link(s) to be removed from one or many connectors at a time. The updated connectors will be unrealized and the change will be permanently updated in the database and the browser.

To remove all links from connectors 1.

Select the connectors from the browser for which all the links needs to be removed. The connectors can also be selected from graphics by using the Selector button in the Connector Entity Browser Action Modes tool set. The selected connectors in the graphics area will be highlighted in the browser tree.

2.

Open the default context menu by right-clicking in the Entities column of the tree list.

3.

Select the Remove Links option to confirm and execute the operation.

To remove specific links from connectors 1.

Select the link that needs to be removed

2.

Right-click a link (not a connector) in the tree list to bring up the remove link context menu.

3.

Choose to remove link from selected connectors option or remove link from all connectors option to confirm and execute the operation. Note that no connector needs to be selected; even in the case of the Selected Connectors option, the browser automatically determines the affected connectors through the selected links.

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Update Links The Update Link operation is available in the Connector Browser tree context menu.

This operation allows the link attributes to be easily edited.

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To update links in general 1.

Select the connectors from the browser for which one or more links need to be updated. The connectors can also be selected from the graphics area by using the selector button in the action modes tool set. The connectors selected in the graphics area will be highlighted in the browser tree.

2.

Right-click onto one of the highlighted connectors in the entities column to open the full context menu and select the Update Link function. An Update Link dialog opens at the bottom of the connector browser. All highlighted connectors will be affected by the subsequent update link action. Note: if the Update Link dialog is still open from a previous update link operation, all blue highlighted connectors will be affected when the update link function is performed again. Note also that the lines for Link State and Link Rule are grayed out by default in the Update Link dialog. When the extended information in the Connector Entity Browser configuration window is activated, these lines become active as well.

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3.

Fill in the fields in the search column. Due to this selection the links of the selected (highlighted) connectors are filtered down to the links which fit to all given search attributes. Only the remaining links are taken into account for the subsequent attribute replacement. Note: not all of the search attributes have to be defined; an asterisk can be used.

4.

Fill in the fields in the replace column. All the remaining links will be updated with the attributes defined by these attributes. Note: not all of the replace attributes have to be defined; an asterisk can be used. The prior attributes are maintained.

5.

Click on the Update button to acknowledge and execute the operation. Note: not every combination of search and replace attributes are valid. For example, it is not possible to select the asterisk for the link select field in the search column and replace it with a concrete link. This helps to prevent global creation of unwanted modifications.

Update link operations are frequently used for: part replacement modifying link rules modifying link states If a part replacement needs to be performed the browser provides quick tools to update one or more connectors with the link referencing the new redesigned part. The following sections present steps to edit and update the link rule and the link state attributes as well as the part replacement.

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Modifying Link Rules The link rule defines how a connector treats an entity added as a link. Adding a link with the ID or name rule forces the connector to retain the link’s ID or name even if that link entity no longer exists in the database. Adding a link with the at fe-realize rule ensures that each time a connector is realized the closest entity of the correct type is found and connected.

To update link rules 1.

Mark the extended information checkbox in the Options tab of the Connector Entity Browser configuration window to activate the lines for Link State and Link Rule in the Update Link dialog.

2.

Select one or more connectors from the browser. The connectors can also be selected from graphics by using the virtual collector selector button in the Connector Browser tool set. The selected connectors in the graphics will be highlighted in the browser tree.

3.

Right-click to open the context menu, and select update link.

4.

In the Search column's Link Rule list box, select the link rule to search and under the Replace column Link Rule list box, select the new rule.

5.

Click on the Update button and acknowledge.

Notes: The link column for the selected connectors will now display the modified information. The connector’s state remains unchanged.

Example The following screenshots illustrate a link rule modification.

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The starting link rule is underlined in red. Note that use-id is specified as the replacement link rule.

After performing the modification, the current link rule has changed for the selected links:

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The new ly replaced link rule is underlined in blue.

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Modifying Link States The link state defines if the weld created during connector realization connects to geometry or mesh on the link. This is applicable to only components and surfaces entities that can contain geometry and/or mesh information. To update link states 1.

Mark the extended information checkbox in the Options tab of the Connector Entity Browser configuration window to activate the lines for Link State and Link Rule in the Update Link dialog.

1.

Open the Configure Browser window (browser context menu) and select view extended link information.

2.

Select one or more connectors from the browser. The connectors can also be selected from graphics by using the Selector button in the Connector Entity Browser Action Mode Tools. The selected connectors in the graphics will be highlighted in the browser tree.

3.

Right-click to open the context menu, and select update link.

4.

In the Search column's Link State list box, select the link state to search and under the Replace column Link State list box, select the new state.

5.

Click on the Update button and acknowledge.

Notes: The link column for the selected connectors will now display the modified information. The updated connectors will be unrealized and its realized welds will be permanently removed. If the link state was switched for a component link from elems to geom then realizing the connector again will result in the weld connecting to a surface (geometry) contained in that component.

Example The following screenshots illustrate a link state modification.

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The starting link state is underlined in red. Note that use-id is specified as the replacement link state.

After performing the modification, the current link state has changed for the selected links:

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The new ly replaced link state is underlined in blue.

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Part Replacement The Update Link operation available in the Connector Entity Browser Context Menu aids in performing part replacement. The functionality allows one link reference at a time to be replaced in one or more connectors. The connectors whose links were modified during this operation will be unrealized and the connector's realized elements will be permanently removed.

To update links for the purpose of part replacement (link reference) 1.

Identify and select the connectors referencing to the component (link entity) to be replaced. This step is not essential, but gives you a better overview; you could also select all connectors. -

Using these settings in the Link Entity Browser and right clicking on the component to be replaced will isolate the component and all connectors referencing it component in the graphics.

-

By using the selector button in the Connector Entity Browser you can chose all connectors in a window selection in the graphics. The selected connectors appear highlighted in the browser.

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2.

one of the highlighted connectors in the entities column to get access to the full context menu and select the Update Link function. An Update Link dialog opens at the bottom of the connector browser. All highlighted connectors will be affected by the subsequent update link action. Note: the lines for Link State and Link Rule are grayed out by default in the Update Link dialog. When the extended information in the Connector Entity Browser configuration window is activated, these lines become active as well.

3.

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For pure part replacements, simply select the component that needs to be replaced from the component list by clicking on the Link Select field under the Search column as shown below.

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After selecting the component click proceed to return to the Update Link dialog. Note: due to the attributes given in the Search column the links of the selected (highlighted) connectors are filtered down to the links which fit all given search attributes. Only the remaining links are taken into account for the following attribute replacement. 4.

Select the component that needs to replace the previously selected one from the component list by clicking on the Link Select field in the Replace column as shown below. After selecting the component click proceed to return to the Update Link dialog.

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5.

Click on the Update button to execute the part replacement operation.

Notes The updated connectors will be unrealized and its realized welds will be permanently removed. The connectors can be realized again without providing any inputs by using the Rerealize context menu operation. Rerealize calls the *CE_Realize command to realize connectors by accepting only a connector mark. The underlying assumption in the command is that each connector passed in the mark has the required information to be successfully realized. The required information such as tolerance, weld configuration, diameter, etc is not defined for connectors created using the FE Absorb utility; hence the Rerealize feature in the Connector Browser works only for connectors that were realized through the connector panel.

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See also *CE Realize FE Absorb Utility connector panel

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Find Connectors from Parts or Links The find functionality finds and isolates connectors that connect the selected component(s)/part(s) in the Link Entity Browser. The found connectors are also highlighted in the browser tree making it easy to perform further operation. The find feature will also isolate the realized welds of a connector if the realization view options button is activated in the link browser tool set. The find connectors from components feature can be accessed through the Link Entity Browser's contextsensitive menu.

How do I find connectors from components/parts? This process depends on the Link Entity Browser. 1.

Ensure that the Linked Connector view option toggle (

) is active.

If the realized welds of the connectors also need to be displayed in graphics then activate the 2.

button.

Either: -

Ensure that the Show/Hide button ( entity,

) is active in Show mode, and then click the desired link

or -

use the selector

to pick the desired link entities, and then left-click the Show/Hide button.

How do I find connectors between two or more components/parts? 1.

Select two or more components from the link entity table to find their connecting connectors. The component(s) can be easily located in the browser table list by using the selector button in the component table tool set. Click the button and select the components in the graphics area to highlight it in the table. If the realized welds of the connectors also need to be displayed in graphics then activate the

2.

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button.

Use the Link Entity Browser Advanced Action Buttons to show or isolate the shared connectors.

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Find Connectors from Realizations 1.

Select the desired link entites from the link entity browser list or the graphics area.

2.

Click the button in the utility tool set (at the bottom of the Connector Browser) to open an elements selection panel.

3.

Click proceed in the panel.

4.

The connectors that contain the selected elements as their realized welds will be highlight in the browser.

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Find Links from Connectors The find parts feature in the connector browser context menu finds the component(s)/part(s) connected by specific connector(s), and isolates them in the graphics area. The components found are also highlighted in the Link Entity Browser making it easy to perform further operations. The find parts feature will also isolate the realized welds of a connector if the realization toggle button is activated in the browser.

To find link entities from connectors: 1.

Select one or more connectors in the Connector Entity Browser. The connectors can also be selected from the graphics area by using the selector button in the Connector Entity Browser Action Modes tool set. The connectors selected in the graphics area will be highlighted in the browser tree. If the realized welds of the connectors also need to be isolated, activate the realization button.

2.

Right-click in the browser tree to open the context menu, then click find parts.

Notes: The selected connectors, the components that are connected by those connectors, and the realized welds of the selected connectors (if toggle is activated) will be isolated in the graphics area and the found components are also highlighted in the component table.

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Entity State Browser The Entity State Browser can be accessed by selecting Entity State Browser from the View drop down menu. It allows you to set various entity states (including active/inactive and export/do not export) for entities in the model. An example of a model in the Entity State Browser is shown below.

The active/inactive state is a controllable state whereby the display of inactive entities will be turned off from the display in the graphics, the browsers, the display panel, and any panel entity collectors. It is designed to aid users who frequently work with large models and need be able to filter the list and display, to reduce the number of available or visible entities. Inactive are still present within the model but are removed from access until they are made active again. The export/do not export state determines whether entities are exported when using the custom export option in the Export tab. Note:

This state does not have any effect on the all and displayed export options.

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Furthermore, the active/inactive and export/do not export states are independent of each other--one does not affect the other. Entities that are set inactive are still eligible for all and custom export. They are not output when using the displayed export option since they are, by definition, not eligible for display. All entities in the current model that have active and export states are shown in the browser at all times. The check-boxes in the Active and Export columns indicate the current settings for those entities and can be clicked to change the state. Each entity is individually controlled via the browser, but all collected entities contained within a collector are subsequently set to the same state as the parent collector--control is not available at the individual collected entity level. Changing the state of an assembly has two functions: first, it sets the state of that assembly directly. Secondly, it sets the state of all sub-assemblies, components and multibodies referenced by that assembly to the same state as the parent assembly. Include files do not directly contain any states that can be controlled by the Entity State Browser. Operating on an include will, instead, operate on all supported entities that are referenced by that include. The Entity State Browser context menu contains functionality unique to the Entity State Browser, but much of the basic browser functionality--such as sorting and filtering the tree list as well as the functions within the tool sets--are shared with the same features in the Model Browser: Action Mode tools Finding Entities Filtering Entities Sorting Entities

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Entity State Browser Context Menu A context sensitive pop-up menu provides many Entity State Browser functionalities. Right click in the browser to invoke the following pop-up menu:

Option

Available for:

Description

Set Active

Permanently

Sets the currently selected entities in the browser to the active state.

Set Active Only

Permanently

Sets the entities currently selected in each folder to the active state and sets the remaining entities in those folders to the inactive state.

Set Inactive

Permanently

Sets the currently selected entities in the browser to the inactive state.

Set Inactive Only

Permanently

Sets the entities currently selected in each folder to the inactive state and sets the remaining entities in those folders to the active state.

Set Export

Permanently

Sets the currently selected entities in the browser to the export state.

Set Export Only

Permanently

Sets the entities currently selected in each folder to the export state and sets the remaining entities in those folders to the do not export state.

Set Do Not Export

Permanently

Sets the currently selected entities in the browser to the do not export state.

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Set Do Not Export Only

Permanently

Sets the entities currently selected in each folder to the do not export state and sets the remaining entities in those folders to the export state.

Collapse All

All

Closes all of the folders in the tree structure, so that only the top-most level of items displays.

Expand All

All

Opens all of the folders in the entire tree structure, exposing every item nested at every level.

Show Find

All

Turns the browser Find on/off functionality – see Find section for more information

Show Filter

All

Turns the browser Filter functionality on/off – see Filter section for more information

Columns

All

This allows you to hide or show the various columns in the tree control.

Configure Browser…

All

Opens the Entity State Browser’s Browser Configuration window, which allows you to determine what entities display in the tree as well as which columns the browser displays.

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Model Browser The Model Browser resides on a tab in a tab area sidebar and allows you to view the model structure while providing full find, display, and editing control of entities. The model structure is viewed as a flat, listed tree structure within the browser. However, if the model has an assembly hierarchy then the Model Browser accommodates this hierarchical structure. The browser can list every named entity within the session and places those entities into their respective folders; however, it does not support non-named entities such as nodes and elements. Some of the more important entities within the model include: assemblies, components, multibodies, properties, materials, entity sets, groups, load collectors, system collectors, vector collectors, and beamsectcols -- all of which are placed into a tree-like display. To open the Model Browser, click the Model Browser item located within the View pull-down menu. The browser displays on one of the tab area sidebars.

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This screenshot show s many of the entities that can display in the brow ser.

Multiple entities of the same type are collected into folders in the tree structure. Each folder can be expanded or collapsed to display or hide its contents. Assemblies can also have sub-folders within the main Assembly folder, so that the items related to each assembly appear within that assembly’s folder in the Assembly Hierarchy. Materials, properties, entity sets, groups, load cols, system cols, vector cols, and beamsectcols cannot be organized into assemblies and are all placed at the top level of the tree, each in their corresponding folder (for example all sets are placed as a flat list in the Sets folder). Components and Assemblies may appear in multiple places in the tree; for example, a specific component might appear under Components and again as a sub-item of a specific Assembly. When appropriate, the color and display style of entities also display in the Model Browser.

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The Model Browser tools include toolbars, a context-sensitive menu, and controls built into the display tree. Toolbars provide the ability to change model views, show or hide entities within the model, and add entities to a panel collector. These abilities are collectively referred to as display controls and browser modes. The context sensitive menu includes most of the same functions as the toolbars, as well as the ability to activate or deactivate search and sorting capability. You can find, sort, and filter entities in the Model Browser's tree list. The tree list within the browser is configurable, so that you can determine which columns and entity types that display in the tree.

Tool button groups Many of the Model Browser functions are accessed via the View, Global Display, and Action Modes groups of buttons. In the image below; the blue call-out is the View toolbar, cyan is the Action Modes, and red is the Global Display. Rest the mouse cursor over a tool set or call-out in the image below to see the name, or click to jump to help for that tool set.

Drag and Drop Components, multibodies, and assemblies can be dragged and dropped with the left and right mouse button. The left mouse button allows you to move the item into another assembly; the right mouse button activates a menu that allows you to remove an item from an assembly. If an assembly is moved, all the items in the assembly are moved to the new location (items that are not seen in the tree due to filters are also moved). You can drag and drop multiple items at any time using the standard and keys. Note:

If an item is dragged out of the tree and dropped onto empty space, it is deleted in all its parent assemblies and placed at the top level of the tree. A dragged item is added to the bottom of the list in an assembly.

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See also Model Browser Configuration window HyperMesh Environment Tab Area

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Model Browser Views Within the Model Browser there are four predefined browser view modes; Model View, Component View, Material View, Property View, and (when using the OptiStruct or RADIOSS user profile) Optimization View. The different view modes are accessed via the first row of icons within the Model Browser. Browser view modes provide a quick mechanism to view specific entities, and within the component, material and property view modes additional information associated with the entity displays in the tree list. The optimization view is a mode which not only controls the display, but also allows you to create optimization problem definitions. Optimization view mode is only available when the OptiStruct or RADIOSS Bulk user profile is set. Using the browser view modes in conjunction with the selector mechanism provides a powerful and easy way to find and query entities. The key traits of each view are as follows:

Model View This is the standard view mode for the Model Browser: All entities within the session will be listed in the tree. Include full display control for all applicable entities--allowing alteration of mesh or geometry visualization, for example, or making entities visible or invisible.

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Include View All entities within the session will be listed in the tree. Include full display control for all applicable entities--allowing alteration of mesh or geometry visualization, for example, or making entities visible or invisible. For more details, see Model Browser Include View.

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Component View Turns off all other entities in the browser and lists only components in a flat list. Turns on FE and Geometry style columns Populates Indirect Property and Material columns (dependant on user profile) Includes the Direct Property column, which allows you to toggle between direct/indirect property assignment. Visualization mode is set to By Comp

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Material View Turns off all other entities in the browser and lists only materials Type grouping for materials is introduced: each material is placed into a folder for easy find and editing operations Type and Card Image columns are turned on Visualization mode is set to By Mat

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Property View Turns off all other entities in the browser and lists only properties Type grouping for properties is introduced, each property is placed into a folder for easy find and editing operations Type and Card Image columns are turned on Visualization mode is set to By Prop A new button for element visualization by direct or indirect property is added.

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Optimization View The optimization view is only available when the OptiStruct or RADIOSS (Bulk) user profile is set. Turns off all other entities in the browser and lists only optimization related entities Visualization mode is set to By Comp.

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The optimization view can be used to define optimization problems and objectives. Click here for a more detailed description of the capabilities of this view.

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Model Browser Optimization View The optimization view of the Model Browser turns off all other entities in the browser and lists only optimization related entities. These entities include: Objectives, Objective References, Optimization Tables, Design Equations, Responses, Design Variables, Design Variable Relationships, Design Variable Links, Constraints, Loadsteps, Optimization Controls and Discrete Design Values. Note:

For an image of the optimization view, see Model Browser Views.

The Optimization Browser view consists of two sections: an entity repository section and a problem definition section. The repository lists all the optimization related entities in the model, and the problem definition section allows users to define multiple optimization problems. To choose which problem will be included in the exported file one (and only one) of the problems must be set to export. A secondary function of the Optimization Browser is to provide the user with a quick over view of the optimization problem(s) they have defined.

Defining a Problem The context sensitive menu allows users to create, delete and rename optimization problems. Once a

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problem is created users must drag and drop optimization entities into the problem to properly define it. Users can drag one or many entities from either the repository or a previously defined problem into a problem. There are no active problems; users must drag and drop to define problems.

Context Sensitive Menu The context sensitive menu allows users to create, edit and assign optimization entities in the same manner as the Optimization menu. All newly created optimization entities are placed in the repository and must be added to a problem to be considered. There is an option in the context sensitive menu to remove any optimization entities from a problem without deleting it from the repository. The delete option removes the entity from the database completely.

Exporting Problems Although multiple problems can be defined with the optimization view, only one can be exported. Through the context sensitive menu, users can select which problem is set to export. The problem set to export is highlighted in bold type and gets written out to the input file. The export state can also be defined in the Entity State Browser, the export state is set by simply checking the checkbox next to the required problem in the export column. The optimization problems can be found under the Bag folder in the Entity State Browser.

Known Limitations Only one objective and one opticontrol can be defined in one session.

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Model Browser Include View The Include view can be accessed by clicking the Include View button in the Model Browser. It allows you create, review, edit, organize, and update the contents of a model into various include files. An example of a model in the Include view is shown below.

The Master Model is at the top level of the Include view. Data which does not have any references to an include file, is stored in the master model. Each include file is represented with an icon along with its name and internal HyperMesh ID. Each include can be expanded to reveal its contents. The contents of each include is organized (grouped) into folders containing each type, next to which appears the total number of entities of each type. In the above example, the include named suspen.k contains 37 components, 62 sets, 25 properties, 3 groups, 10 materials and 1 card. Each of the folders can be expanded to review the individual entities in that folder. You can select entities (using the standard Shift and Control keys) and drag various entities between two includes or between the master model and an include. The browser can be configured to show only specific entities of interest. You can drag-and-drop includes within the tree to nest them within other includes. In addition, when in

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Include view mode, the Model Browser context menu options Make Current and Move to Current become available when the menu is invoked by right-clicking on a valid include: Make Current flags the highlighted include to be the default for subsequent Include operations such as Move to Current. Move to Current organizes the highlighted include(s) to become part of the pre-designated current include. The selected includes are removed from their original location and added to the current one.

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Direct/Indirect Property Assignment Many solver user profiles include a column called Direct Property when in Component View. This column holds checkboxes for each component.

When checked, the component uses a direct property assignment When unchecked, the component's direct property assignment is "unassigned" and the component will use indirect property assignment, if available. The Direct Property column displays for all solver profiles except Ansys, Ls-Dyna, PamCrash2G, RADIOSS (Block), and any profile in Manufacturing Solutions. The Indirect Property column displays for all user profiles except Pamcrash2G and Samcef. The checkbox may be checked or unchecked based on the type of assignment already defined in the model, but you can change the assignment type by changing the state of the checkbox. You can check or uncheck multiple components at a time, if you have multiple components selected before changing the state of the checkbox. The exact results depend on a number of factors: If you select more than one component and uncheck the DIRECT checkbox for one of them, then all selected components should have their property relationship unassigned. If you select more than one component and check one of the DIRECT checkboxes for that selection, then if and only if the INDIRECT properties are common they will be be assigned. If there is a mixture of INDIRECT properties, the operation fails because multiple property assignments are not possible. If the component has no INDIRECT property, but does have DIRECT property assignment, and you uncheck the checkbox, then the component has NO property assignment. This means that if you then recheck the checkbox, you receive an error stating that no property is available, so automatic

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direct property assignment is not possible. The checkbox, in this instance, will be disabled until you make an indirect/direct property assignment for the relevant components. Like most browser columns, you can sort components by the state of their Direct Property flag. See Also Direct/Indirect Property View Model Browser Views

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Direct/Indirect Property View When in Property View and the Model Browser gains another list button in its toolbar. The buttons within this list allow you to filter the elements that display in the graphics area based on their property assignments. Note that this feature is not supported by the user profiles for Ansys, Ls-Dyna, Marc, Pamcrash2G, RADIOSS (Block), Samcef, and any profile in Manufacturing Solutions Both direct and indirect properties Direct properties only Indirect properties only Selecting one of these options immediately filters the view in the graphics area. These filters are accumulative with the current component display state--so, for example, if you have only a few components displayed in the graphics area and the rest are hidden, selecting Direct Properties Only will filter out any elements from the currently displayed set, but will not cause previously-hidden elements to become visible again even if they have direct properties assigned. Similarly, Show, Hide, and Isolate functions work in conjunction with these controls rather than overriding them. If you switch to a different model browser view, the effects of your current direct/indirect property view remain. Selecting any of these view modes automatically hides any non-element entities, such as boundary conditions or morphing domains. Note that entities with no property assignments at all will be filtered out of the view by any of these options.

Examples The simple model shown below (using component view) has elements organized into four components, each representing a property state: direct only, indirect only, mixed, and no property. The mixed component consists of three elements with indirect properties and one element with direct properties, but this only becomes apparent when using one of the property views.

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Property View: Both

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Property View: Indirect only

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Property View: Direct only

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See Also Direct/Indirect Property Assignment Model Browser Views

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Display Controls & Browser Modes These controls affect which entities display in the graphics area, and how they display (such as shaded or wireframe). The Global Display Tools can be used to turn the display of large numbers of entities on and off. The Local Display Controls affect the visual style of individual entities (such as shaded or wireframe). The Action Mode Tools allows you to turn entities' display on and off individually, isolate certain entities so that only they appear in the graphics area, or add entities to panel collectors.

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Global Display Tools These controls lie at the left side of the browser, just below the View tools.

The Elements/Geometry button determines what the other buttons act on; right-click the button (or left-click the small triangular downward arrow) to reveal a drop-down menu of options. You can select Elements, Geometry, or both. The Display All , Display None , and Reverse Display buttons at the top of the tab change the display state of all assemblies, multibodies, components, groups, system cols, load cols, and vector cols shown in the tree. All

displays and None

hides all of the items shown in the tree. Reverse

reverses the state of all entities (displaying the hidden and hiding the displayed). Since these functions work in combination with the filters, only the items displayed in the tree are affected--hidden items that are also filtered out of the tree will not be displayed. By default, the global display controls will work on all entities listed in the browser, however, these controls can also work at the folder and individual named entity level too. As an example, highlighting the components folder and then clicking None will turn off all components. If an individual component is highlighted within the component folder the All, None and Reverse controls will only work on that specific entity. To enable the All , None, Reverse functions to work at the global level again simply clicking on the white space within the browser (de-selecting any selected entities) will enable the control back to the highest level. Note:

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These buttons only affect the display state. They do not actually remove entities from the model, but only show or hide them.

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Local Display Controls These controls are located within the tree list, and each affects the specific entity that it appears beside.

Entity Display Icons Entities are displayed or hidden by toggling the corresponding icons (located next to each line item in the tree view). The following rules apply: A bold icon next to an entity (components, multibodies, load collector, etc.) represents that the entity is currently displayed; a dimmed icon next to an unchecked entity represents that the entity is turned off from display. Assemblies containing components or multibodies are considered displayed only when all of the contents are displayed. Activating an assembly’s display control icon displays all of its contents. Activating an assembly’s display control icon displays all its components and multibodies. Deactivating the display control icon check box for an assembly hides all of its components and multibodies. Deactivating the display control icon for an item hides all of its parent assemblies. Deactivating the display control icon for an item does not affect the state of its parent assembly. An empty assembly never displays.

Colors Assemblies, BeamSection Collectors, Blocks, Components, Contact Surfaces, Curves, Groups, Load Collectors, Materials, Properties, Shapes, System Collectors, Tags, Titles and Vector Collectors can all be colored individually, the Model Browser allows you to set each entity’s color without using the Color panel. The currently assigned color displays in the

column.

To change an entity’s color, right-click on the current color in the Model Browser. In this instance, the right-click menu contains only a single option: color. Select this to open the color picker, and click the desired color from the palette. Note:

When the color picker palette appears, the mouse pointer automatically moves to its center. The palette automatically disappears when you move the mouse pointer beyond its boundaries.

Display Mode Components have several display states, based on a combination of their elements and their geometry. You can select these display modes by right-clicking clicking the small icons in the column for each component, assembly, or load collector. Right-clicking opens a pop-up menu from which you can choose the new style. Depending on which option you select, the entity displays differently: FE Styles

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Wireframe mesh. Shaded elements (no mesh). Shaded elements with mesh lines. Shaded elements with feature lines (no mesh) Transparent shaded elements without mesh. Geometry Styles Wireframe geometry Wireframe geometry with surface lines Shaded geometry Shaded geometry with feature lines

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Action Mode Tools The series of icons found on the right side of the Model Browser control both entity selection and the display of the model. The first two determine the type of entity that you wish to manipulate, while the rest perform specific actions. The specific buttons available are Entity Type, Elements/Geometry, Selector, Add to Panel Collector, Show/Hide, Isolate, and Undo.

Entity Type The first button in the action modes tool set functions as a "mode" selector for the rest of the tools, by determining what type of entity the remaining tools will act on. For example, when set to "components", the Selector (described below) tool will only select or deselect components. Right-click the button to drop down a menu of available entity types -- all entities are available -- then leftclick the desired type to select it. Note that once an entity type is selected, left-clicking the button does not perform any additional action; the button is used strictly as a setting to determine what the other tools will affect when used.

Elements/Geometry The second button in the action modes tool set also functions as a "mode" selector for the rest of the tools, by determining what type of contained entities the remaining tools will act on. For example, when set to "elements", the Selector (described below) tool will only select or deselect elements. Right-click the button to drop down a menu of available entity types, then left-click the desired type to select it. Note that you can choose between elements only, geometry only, or both--in which case the other tools (such as the Selector) will work on both elements and geometry. Note also that once an entity type is selected, left-clicking the button does not perform any additional action; the button is used strictly as a setting to determine what the other tools will affect when used.

Selector The Selector is a tool to interactively select any type of supported entity via the browser, or by selecting within the graphics area. The type of entity selection is made via the entity type pull-down menu. The Selector can be used to find entities from the graphics area which will then be highlighted in the list, and is also an efficient way of selecting multiple entities at once--such as when changing color.

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Notes:

The Visualization mode when picking materials and properties will change to by Mat and by Prop respectively.

In a Microsoft Windows environment, you can also use a scroll-wheel-equipped mouse to "drill down" through the model to select parts that may not be immediately visible. Simply left-click an entity, and hold the left mouse button down while rolling the scroll wheel--forward to move deeper into the field of view away from you, or backward to move the selection closer to you. Highlighting indicates the component that will be selected once you release the left button. Remember, however, that this only works in a Windows environment; it will not work in UNIX, LINUX, etc. Finally, the Selector can be used in conjunction with the Isolate function (see below); a selection is made from the browser or graphics area using the Selector, then click Isolate to isolate that selection. In general, the left mouse button selects entities while the right mouse button de-selects them: Picking in the graphics area Left-click to select entities. Left-click and hold to pre-highlight entities; the entity under the Selector at any given moment highlights, but is is not selected until you release the mouse button. + left-click to use window selection to highlight or select multiple entities. Right-click an entity to deselect it. + right-click to use window selection to deselect multiple entities. When using a panel with an active collector, each entity selected gets added to the collector, while each one de-selected gets removed from the collector. Selected entities' line items highlight within the browser.

Picking in the Model Browser tree list

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Left-click to select & highlight an entity in the browser – the entity is also highlighted in graphics area. + left-click to select multiple entities in both the browser and graphics area. Multiple entities of the same type can be appended to the selection. Left-click can be used to add/remove components from an active collector on a panel. + left-click highlights multiple entities in the browser and the graphics area. You can append and remove entities from a panel's active collector list depending on which entity entry is selected. Right-clicking highlights components in the list and invokes the context sensitive menu – no highlighting of the entity in graphics area will occur with this operation.

Virtual Collector The Virtual Collector is a function whereby the browser can be used to select and add entities to the panel collectors. This is an alternative method to using the advanced selection capabilities already available in each collector's extended entity selection menu. This button only becomes available when you have a panel open that includes at least one entity collector.

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Note:

The selected entities are only added to the panel's active (blue halo) collector. Additionally--as should be obvious--only entities of the correct type will be added to the active collector; for example, you cannot add lines to an Elements collector.

There are two ways of using this tool: You can use the Selector to choose a set of entities beforehand, and then click the Add to Panel Collector button to add them to the panel's collector. In this method, the Selector effectively gives a preview of the selection, because the selected entities are highlighted but only added to the active panel collector when you click the Add to Panel Collector button. For example:

Alternatively, you can click the Add to Panel Collector button first to activate it, then pick the entities you wish to add to the collector. Each selection is added to the collector immediately upon each release of the mouse button. Either method can be used in the graphics area or the browser tree list. -clicks and -clicks are supported in the browser list; window selections (+click-and-drag) are supported in the graphics area. To remove entities from a panel collector, you can either clear the collector by clicking its reset button ( ) or--when the Add to Panel Collector button is active--you can use the right mouse button (with full shift-, control-, or window-based selection) to remove individual entities.

Show/Hide The Show/Hide mode enables the control of the model display via interactively selecting entities within the graphics area. This mode is only intended for graphics selection and is not designed for operation within the

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browser (use the local entity controls found inside the browser's tree structure for browser display control). Note:

When using window selection (-click-and-drag) an entity is considered selected if any portion of it falls within the window; you do not need to encompass the entire entity with the window, only a small portion of it. Also remember that only entities of the types determined by the Entity Types and Elements/Geometry buttons will be hidden or revealed. The Visualization mode when picking materials and properties will change to by Mat and by Prop respectively. However, no graphics highlighting of material or properties occurs when using the Selector.

Picking in Graphics Left-click turns on entities to the display that are currently turned off. Left-click-and-drag pre-highlights only the entities that are currently turned off in the display (entities already turned on do not highlight.) Right-click turns off entities in the display. Right-click-and-drag pre-highlights only the entities that are currently turned on in the display (entities already turned off do not highlight.) Single Selection

+ left-click-and-drag uses window selection to turn on multiple entities in the display.

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+ right-click-and-drag uses window selection to turn off multiple entities in the display Window Selection

Picking in Browser This tool does not function on line items within the browser's tree list. To control the display of the listed entities use All/None/Reverse, the individual local display control inside the tree structure, or the show/hide/isolate functions from the context sensitive menu.

Isolate Isolate is a mechanism whereby only the selected entity will be displayed. The isolate tool isolates within the entity type; for example, if there are components and load collectors displayed, and you use Isolate while the Entity Type button is set to Component, then only that component will become isolated -- the load collectors will remain untouched in the display. In other words, all of the other components will be turned off, but the isolated component and the load collectors will still display. Note:

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You can use Isolate in conjunction with the Selector. In such a case, after you've selected the desired entities, clicking Isolate hides everything else except for the selected entities. However, as described above only entities of the chosen type are hidden--so connectors and similar entities

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will still remain visible. Using the Selector may give you more precise control over which entities to retain--but for simple isolation tasks, direct usage of the Isolate button is generally quicker. Picking in Graphics In general, the left mouse button is used to isolate visible entities, while the right button is used to isolate entities that can be visible or already hidden (thus turning the hidden ones back on): Left-click will isolate the clicked entity from those on display (single-click selection). Left-click-and-drag will pre-highlight entities that are currently displayed. It will not highlight entities that are currently turned off in the display. Upon release, the pre-highlighted entity will be isolated. + left-click-and-drag uses window selection to isolate multiple entities (but only entities currently visible). Right-click will isolate entities from all available entities (whether currently on or off in display). Right-click-and-drag will pre-highlight an entity that is displayed or turned off from the display in the graphics area. Upon release, the pre-highlighted entity will be turned on and isolated. + right-click-and-drag uses window selection to isolate entities from all available entities (whether displayed or turned off from the display). Single and Window Selection

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Note:

When using window selection (+click-and-drag) an entity is considered selected if any portion of it falls within the window; you do not need to encompass the entire entity with the window, only a small portion of it. Also remember that only entities of the types determined by the Entity Types and Elements/Geometry buttons will be hidden or revealed.

Picking in Browser In Isolate mode, clicking on an entity folder such as the Components folder will isolate all components, therefore turning every component on. Left-click will select/highlight an entity in the list – the entity is isolated and displayed in graphics area. + left-click highlights an entity name in the browser and isolates it in the graphics area. multiple entities of the same type--e.g. components--can be appended to the selection, thus displaying more than one entity but still hiding all non-selected ones. Selected/isolated entities can be de-selected by + left-clicking on them a second time. + left-click highlights all entities of the same type--e.g. components--in the browser between the first click and the most recent click, and displays the selected entities isolated from the nonselected ones in the graphics area. You can use additional -clicks or -clicks to modify the selection of displayed entities.

Undo The final tool in the Action Modes tool set is the Undo button. This button undoes the last visual display change that you executed. For example, you can use undo to undo the effects of the isolate or show/hide buttons. Note:

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The Undo button only undoes display changes (show/hide entities). It cannot be used to undo other operations, such as deleting components, adding entities to a panel collector, or changing the viewing angle.

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Context-Sensitive Menu Clicking the right mouse button on a folder or entity within the browser’s tree structure allows you to change a variety of options. The options available depend on the entity that you right-click on. Options selected in an empty space apply to the entire model.

Option

Available for:

Description

Create

Assembly, Beamsection Collector, Component, Load Collector, Material, Multibody, Plot, Property. System Collector, Vector Collector

A new assembly, component, or multibody can be created inside an assembly (activate the menu by right-clicking an assembly). Once created, the item is automatically assigned a unique generic name that can be changed by entering the new name in the highlighted field. A new assembly, beamsection collector, component, load collector, material, multibody, plot, property, system collector, or vector collector can be created at the top level.

Edit

Assembly, Beamsection Collector,

Opens the Edit dialog, containing the selected entities' information so that you can make any necessary changes.

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Component, Load Collector, Material, Multibody, Plot, Property. System Collector, Vector Collector Assign

Components

Opens a dialog used to assign properties and materials to the selected components.

Organize

Components, Materials, Properties

Moves the selected entities to the current include, component, or load collector as appropriate.

Delete

All except the toplevel of Assemblies

Most items can be deleted. If a component or multibody is present in more than one assembly in the model, you will be given a choice of either deleting that item from the database entirely or only removing it from the present location. If you want to entirely delete an assembly, and that assembly has children that are not present anywhere else, those children will be automatically moved to the top level.

Card Edit …

All

Any single item's card can be edited. Multiple items can be edited provided that they use identical card images. This option displays the card image of the chosen entity for the current solver template; if a template is not loaded or if the entity does not have any card images associated with the loaded template, an error message displays in the status bar.

Rename

All

Any item can be renamed by entering a new name in the name text field and pressing , but the new name must be unique. All instances of the renamed item will be automatically updated. You can cancel the rename operation by pressing . The high-level entity folders are non-editable, but folders containing the assembly hierarchy can be renamed.

Make Current

BeamSection Collector, Components, Load Collector, Multibody

The entities listed can be made current using the pop-up menu. The “current” collector status is indicated by the bold font. Any new components, loads, beamsections or multibodies will be created within the respective current collector.

Show

All

Displays the item in the graphics area. This selection affects each item’s local display control, i.e., will make the icon become bold indicating the display state is on. You can also use this on the entire folder. In such cases, this

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shows all of the items within that folder (e.g. all components etc.). Hide

All

Turns off the entity in the graphics area. This selection affects each item’s local display control, i.e., will make the icon become ghosted indicating the display state is off. You can also use this on the entire folder. In such cases, this hides all of the items within that folder (e.g. all components etc.).

Isolate

All

Isolate works locally within a specific entity type--for example if component(s) are isolated then all display states of other displayable entities such as load collectors remain untouched. Isolate displays only the selected entities, turning their display state to on, and turning all other entities of the same type off.

Isolate Only

All

This works like Isolate, except that it also affects entity types different from the selected entities. This, it turns off ALL displayable entities (regardless of type) except for the selected one(s).

Remove

Components

Removes a component from within an assembly if that component has been referenced in more than one assembly. Note that this does not delete the component, but merely removes one listing of it within the Model Browser tree.

Collapse All

All

Closes all of the folders in the tree structure, so that only the topmost level of items displays.

Expand All

All

Opens all of the folders in the entire tree structure, exposing every item nested at every level.

Show Find

All

Turns the Browser Find on/off functionality – see Find section for more information.

Show Filter

All

Turns the Browser Filter functionality on/off – see Filter section for more information.

Include File Options...

(Include View only)

Allows you to set the various options for a selected include. The available options are: The File name to be exported A Do not export flag (allows you to review the contents of an include but not export it). Includes that have this flag turned on display in the browser in italics. The File Path to export the include to (absolute path or path relative to its parent include). A flag representing the section of the input deck that the include belongs in. This flag is specific to some solvers

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such as OptiStruct, Nastran, etc., which subdivide their data deck into various sections such as Bulk Data, Executive Control, or Case Control. For the remaining solvers this option is not available and does not display. A flag representing Include type. This flag is specific to LSDYNA, which subdivides their includes into various types such as Include, Include_Transform, and Include_Compensation_options. The Instance Option: a flag representing the instance relationship between the includes, allowing you to create a copy of your include files. This flag is specific to LSDYNA, and only applies to Include files of the "Include_Transform" type. Export an Include

(Include View only)

Exports the contents of the selected include into the chosen file name.

Export All Includes

(Include View only)

Exports all the includes with their corresponding content (not the master model - only the includes)

Columns

All

This allows you to hide or show the Color, FE Styles, and Geometry Styles columns in the tree control.

Configure Browser…

All

Opens the Model Browser’s Browser Configuration window, which allows you to determine what entities display in the tree as well as which columns the browser displays.

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Configuring the Model Browser This window opens when you select the Configure Browser… option from the Model Browser’s context menu. Use this window to change the columns and entity types that display in the Model Browser.

Separate tabs organize entities and columns.

Entities Tab To show all of the entity types that the currently loaded model possesses, choose the radio button marked select all entity types in the current model. To select entity types manually, click the Entity types: radio button, and then activate the checkboxes next to each desired entity type. A checkmark indicates that the entity type will display in the browser. You can also use the select all, select none, and select reverse buttons in this mode.

Columns tab

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To show columns for all of the attributes that the currently loaded model possesses, choose the radio button marked Select all column types in the current model. To select columns manually, click the Column types: radio button, and then activate the checkboxes next to each desired column. A checkmark indicates that the column will display in the browser. You can also use the select all, select none, and select reverse buttons in this mode.

Options tab To control various behaviors within the Model Browser, there are a few options available. Autocolor visualization mode Save view with mask Move to current Autoscroll on selection will automatically open the folder in the Model Browser and highlight the selected entity in the browser list and adjust the browser list so that the highlighted entity is shown automatically. This functionality is only available when an entity has been selected via the Selector functionality in the graphics area. If the Autoscroll on selection option is not activate then the folders will continue to open automatically and the entity will be highlighted in the browser list, however, the browser list will not adjust to show the selected entity. Autocolor visualization mode when active will automatically change the graphics display if a certain browser view is selected. If the Model or Component View is selected then "By Comp" visualization mode is used, if Material View is entered then the visualization mode will change to "By Mat", if in Property View then the visualization mode will change to "By Prop". If the Autocolor visualization mode is not active then the visualization modes will not change automatically when in a certain browser view and can only be changed manually via the visualization toolbar. Autofit will automatically fit the selected entities to the graphics area whether using the context menu or the Selector, Show/Hide, or Isolate functionality to control the display. Stripe background causes the browser tree to display an alternating pattern of white and gray lines in the background, making it easier to distinguish individual lines within the browser. When turned off, the browser background is flat white.

Command buttons Once you finish configuring the browser, click one of the command buttons to close the dialog: Click OK to keep the new settings and close the window. Click Cancel to discard the changes (keeping the original settings) and close the window.

See also Model Browser

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Loadsteps Browser The Loadsteps Browser is used to create, manage and display loadsteps (sub-cases) and the associated control cards. The information is arranged into a tree structure for ease of use, with controls for altering the display of the information and/or exporting it. A right-click menu accesses editing and advanced options, while popup forms allow you to quickly enter or select relevant information. The Loadsteps Browser displays in its own tab in the tab area, but may not be active by default. Select it from the Tools menu to display its tab in the tab area.

Toolbar buttons The browser includes its own toolbar, used primarily to determine which loadsteps to export but also to sync the display between the browser and the graphics area. Each control has its own function: Select all, select none, reverse selection

Use these to select the items in the tree and mark them for export. You can also select individual items by clicking on them, or select multiple items by shift-clicking or control-clicking. When a loadstep is selected, the export icon next to its name is clear; when de-selected, the icon has a red "x" to indicate that it will not be exported. Note:

Export state is independent of visibility in the graphics area. Only one loadstep can display in the graphics area at a time, but any number of loadsteps can be exported.

Sync browser

For large models, keeping the browser in sync with other actions taken can require considerable processing time. To alleviate this, the Loadsteps Browser does not automatically sync itself with the database. Instead, the Sync button becomes active whenever you make changes to the current database. This allows you to perform many operations without performance issues, and then sync the browser with one click.

Filter

Filter buttons allow for additional selection control, including a name filter that uses standard filtering syntax. Use this feature to limit the tree to display only loadsteps whose names match a specific text string — either partly or completely.

The main functionality of the Loadsteps Browser varies depending on the active user profile. For help specific to each profile, refer to the topics below: Loadsteps Browser: OptiStruct & Nastran profiles Other profiles will be added in future versions of HyperMesh.

See also HyperMesh Environment

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Tab Area

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Loadsteps Browser: OptiStruct & Nastran Profiles The browser’s tree structure lists relevant control cards and loadstep information, organized into folders. There are many functions available, accessed by right-clicking on the tree background or on individual or multiple items. For the OptiStruct and Nastran profiles, these options include:

New loadstep

Create a new loadstep, either from scratch or by creating an exact copy of an existing loadstep.

Edit options

Depending on the entity selected, this will bring up an appropriate GUI for editing of the loadstep or control card information.

Edit card

Review the selected entity in the HM card editor.

Delete

Delete the selected entity or entities.

Rename

Rename the selected entity.

Renumber

Renumber the selected entity.

Summary table

Generates a summary table of the selected loadsteps.

BCs Contour

This launches the BCs Contour utility and automatically selects the loadcols associated with the selected loadstep.

Loads Summary

This launches the Loads Summary utility and automatically selects the loadcols associated with the selected loadstep.

Collapse all/selection

Collapses all selected folders and subfolders, or all folders if none are selected.

Expand all/selection

Expands all selected folders and subfolders, or all folders if none are selected.

Auto-manage load references

This option is for users who wish to have existing DLOAD, LOAD, MLOAD, MOTION, MPCADD and SPCADD cards auto-managed. This option creates a copy of loadcols with these card images and converts them into an auto-managed naming convention for easy editing/reviewing inside the Edit options popup.

OptiStruct

Opens the OptiStruct panel in HyperMesh.

In addition, every loadstep listed in the tree has a small checkbox next to it as well as an export state indicator. You can click these to toggle them back and forth:

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The loadcols in the loadstep display in the HyperMesh graphics area. The loadcols in the loadstep do not display in the HyperMesh graphics area. This loadstep will not be exported. This loadstep will be exported. Note:

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When you first open the Loadsteps Browser, all of the loadsteps in the model default to the blank (unchecked) state.

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To Create a New Loadstep 1.

Right-click anywhere in the Loadsteps Browser and select New loadstep. A pop-up window opens, allowing you to: Type in a loadstep name Select the same as option, if desired, then pick an existing loadstep to base the new one on. When this option is active, the new loadstep is an exact copy of the existing one.

2.

Click create. Another pop-up window opens, allowing you to edit the loadstep.

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To Edit a Loadstep 1.

Right-click on the desired loadstep folder, or any subfolder in the Loadsteps Browser, and select Edit options. Note: This step is skipped when you create a new loadstep! A popup window opens, allowing you to edit the loadstep. The popup has several tabs to gather the relevant information.

2.

To activate an option, check the box next to the desired option and fill in the required fields. Depending on the Loadstep Type, the list of appropriate Load References will change accordingly. A tree structure lists the load references that are available for the selected loadstep type. A bold reference signifies that the load reference is defined. A red indicator signifies that a load reference is mandatory for the loadstep type and requires attention. A green indicator signifies that a load reference is mandatory for the loadstep type and is defined.

3.

The table on the left lists the loadcols that are valid for a particular load reference, depending on the card image or types of loads contained within. Depending on the load reference selected in the tree, the list will change accordingly. You can sort the loadcols by clicking on the column heading that you wish to sort by (repeated clicks alternate between ascending and descending order). Note, however, that you cannot sort based on the display column. Name, ID, Type, and Color filtering is available by using standard filtering syntax (color filtering is based on the HyperMesh color ID number).

4.

The table on the right lists the loadcols currently selected for that load reference. To add a loadcol to the load reference, select the loadcol in the left table and use the right arrow to add the loadcol to the table on the right. If a loadcol is assigned and that loadcol is not appropriate for that particular load reference, a warning message appears to notify you. If a loadcol is assigned and that loadcol does not exist in the database, a warning message appears to notify you. When importing a model, it is possible that the loadstep may reference loadcols that have not been imported (they are in a separate include file). In order to support this, the Add load reference ID option is available. This allows users to modify a loadstep and add in references to loadcols that do not exist in the current model. These references are also listed in the right table with a warning message to notify you that the loadcol doesn’t exist in the database

5.

To remove a loadcol from the load reference, select the loadcol in the right table and use the left arrow to remove the loadcol.

6.

To select multiple loadcols, use the all/none/reverse buttons where appropriate. These buttons select loadcols from the currently active table.

7.

Right-click options allow for additional functionality depending on the current selection.

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The Add load reference ID option allows you to add a reference to a loadcol ID that does not currently exist in the database (as described in step 5). 8.

Click Accept to apply your changes and close the editing window. Alternatively, click cancel to close the window, discarding your changes.

Comments You can also edit multiple loadsteps simultaneously by selecting more than one loadstep in the browser (such as by shift-clicking) before you choose edit options from the right-click menu. For each of the options, if the option values are the same for all selected loadsteps, that option is checked "on" and shown with the appropriate values. If the option values are not the same for all selected loadsteps, that option is checked "off" and shown with the default values. If the loadstep type is not the same for all selected loadstep, it shows a blank value on the "Loadstep Type" tab. If the loadstep type is not the same, the "Load References" tab will only display the load reference types that are in common between all of the loadstep types for the selected loadsteps. Any edits you make will be applied equally to all of the selected loadsteps. Any values that are checked "off" will not be modified, but options checked "on" will all be set to the same values.

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To Display a Loadstep 1.

Check/uncheck the display checkbox next to the loadstep of interest.

2.

Additional control is also available at both the Global Options and Loadstep Load References level:

3. Click the display checkboxes for each desired loadstep to check (display) or clear (hide) it. All of the loads contained in a loadcol display regardless of their relevance to the load reference they are assigned to. It is up to you to organize their loads for proper display. Global load references are not checked on/off by selecting or deselecting a loadstep. You must determine the appropriate loadcols to check on/off depending on the loadstep type. Note:

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You can also launch the "BCs Contour" and "Loads Summary" utilities from the Loadsteps Browser. The selected utility launches with the loadcols associated with the selected loadstep automatically selected.

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To Rename, Renumber, Delete, or Edit the Card of a Loadstep 1.

Right click on the appropriate loadstep or loadcol.

2.

Select the desired option from the popup menu.

3.

For renaming and renumbering, an entry box appears so that you can enter the appropriate information in the browser.

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To Edit the Global Options of a Loadstep Editing Global Options works exactly like editing a loadstep, except that the first step is to right-click on the Global Options folder or any of its sub-folders, instead of clicking on a specific loadstep’s folder or sub-folder.

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Loadsteps: Auto-manage Load References This option is recommended for all users. There has traditionally only been one way to create DLOAD, LOAD, MLOAD, MOTION, MPCADD and SPCADD loadcols: by creating a loadcol, assigning the appropriate card image, and selecting the appropriate loadcols. However, many users do not want to be responsible for managing these load collectors, nor are they always aware of their existence. To satisfy both types of users, the Auto-manage load references option is available. This option does the following:

1.

Looks at each loadstep and at each load reference. If the load reference points to a loadcol with one of the card images indicated above, it will: Create a copy of that loadcol and assign it a new name, based on a fixed naming convention (auto_#). For example, if a load reference pointed to an SPCADD loadcol, a new copy would be created and named "autoSPCADD_1". Assign that new loadcol to the original load reference. (The original loadcol is not deleted or modified in any way.)

2.

Inside the Edit options popup, if a load reference points to a loadcol with one of the card images above and that loadcol has not been converted to the auto-managed naming convention, the loadcol will not be expanded or editable inside the GUI. The only way to modify the loadcol is via the card editor (right-click option from the editor GUI). Inside the Edit options popup, if a load reference points to a loadcol with one of the card images above and that loadcol has been converted to the auto-managed naming convention, the loadcol is expanded and editable inside the GUI.

If the loadcol selected for the load reference already has the card image assigned (for users wishing to manually manage their loadcols and point to an existing loadcol with one of the card images listed above) no additional action takes place. However, when appropriate, a loadcol is automatically created and assigned the correct card image when any of these conditions are met: More than one loadcol is selected for the load reference One loadcol is selected and the local scale factor is not 1.0 (DLOAD and LOAD) The global scale factor is not 1.0 (DLOAD and LOAD)

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Mask Browser The Mask Browser can be accessed by selecting Mask Browser from the View menu. It allows you to set the mask/unmask state for entities at the entity configuration level. The Mask Browser is shown below.

The entities are logically organized in the browser to represent the collectors they belong to. Regardless of the current model, the entities listed in the browser remain the same. The Show/Hide/Isolate columns contain icons that can be clicked to perform the relevant masking operations. The buttons perform the masking operations at the selected entity and folder level, and for all entities and sub-folders that may be contained within that folder. These operations are only valid for entities contained in collectors that are currently displayed. The Show column corresponds to the unmask operation. It unmasks the relevant entities for the current row and sub-folders. For example, the Show icon at the Geometry folder unmasks all points, lines, surfaces and solids within any displayed components.

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The Hide column corresponds to the mask operation. It masks the relevant entities for the current row and sub-folders. For example, the Hide icon at the 1D folder masks all rod, bar2, bar3, weld, joint and plot elements within any displayed components. The Isolate column corresponds to both a mask and an unmask operation. It performs a Hide on the top level folder and then a Show on the current row and sub-folders. For example, the Isolate icon at the 3D folder masks all connectors, geometry, 0D/rigid elements, spring/gap elements, 1D elements and 2D elements and unmasks all 3D elements within any displayed components. The exception to this rule is when the Isolate button is selected at a top-level folder; in this case, all sub-folders underneath the top-level folder are unmasked and all other top-level folders (and their contents) are masked. For example, the Isolate icon at the Components folder masks all supported entities in any displayed groups, load collectors, morphing, multibodies and system collectors--and unmasks all supported entities within any displayed components. The Mask Browser Context Menu contains functionality unique to the Mask Browser.

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Mask Browser Context Menu A context sensitive pop-up menu provides several Mask Browser functions. Right-click in the browser to invoke the following pop-up menu:

Option

Available for:

Description

Collapse All

All

Closes all of the folders in the tree structure, so that only the top-most level of items displays.

Expand All

All

Opens all of the folders in the entire tree structure, exposing every item nested at every level.

Morph operates on all elements / Morph operates on displayed elements

All

Determines whether the masking operations for morph entities apply to all/displayed elements.

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Set Browser Location:

Tools menu (to access the Set Browser) Tab Area (to use the Set Browser)

Use the Set Browser tool to automate the grouping and display of model components through the entity set functionality. The Set Browser consists of a tree structure listing the current entity sets in the model, along with the entity set display and export states. It also includes functions for displaying, creating, deleting, renaming, appending entities to, and changing the export state of entity sets.

Synching the Set Browser with the graphics display The Set Browser is meant to allow users to easily control the display and review of entity sets for model grouping and visualization purposes. For large models, constantly synchronizing the display state of entity sets with the current display can introduce performance issues. To remedy these occurrences, the Set Browser utility does not automatically synchronize the display states of entity sets with the current display. Instead, the Display button at the bottom of the Set Browser updates the display to match the Set Browser settings, while the Synch button in the Set Browser toolbar allows you to update the Set Browser to match the current state of the display. When the Display button is used to update the display to the current Set Browser selection, the Set Browser and the display remain synchronized until another selection is made within the Set Browser.

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To Set Display Options for the Set Browser 1.

Open the Set Browser. The Set Browser displays in the tab area.

2.

Use the toolbar buttons in the Set Browser tab to manipulate the display options, as desired:

Use -click and -click to select multiple items in the tree structure. For large numbers of selections, use the select all/none/reverse buttons. The entity type options allow you to control the entities (elements or geometry) that the selection buttons apply to. These buttons are toggles; you can have one or both active at the same time. In the screenshot above, the Element button is active but the geometry one is not. The sync button synchronizes the entity set display states with the current display. This means that if you have changed the display states of various entities, for example from within the Model Browser, you can use this button to force the selection of entities in the set browser to match the current display states. The name filter uses standard filtering syntax in the text box; click the funnel icon to activate the text box, type in the string you wish to filter by, and then press . This can limit the entities which display in the tree structure. To undo the filter, click the funnel icon again to disable the text box.

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To Use the Set Browser's Right-click Functionality 1.

Open the Set Browser. The Set Browser displays in the tab area. Its tree structure lists all entity set currently existing in the model, grouped in folders by type.

2.

Right-click anywhere within the tree structure to open the right-click menu:

There are many functions available, accessed by right clicking in the background, on folders, or on individual or multiple items within folders. Most options require that you click on a folder or one or more items, and are grayed out of no selection is made; exceptions are specifically noted below. The graphic above shows the available options, including: Create: Create a new entity set of the specified type. You are prompted to type in a name for the set or accept a default name. Supported entity set types are shown above. This option does not require any existing sets to be selected. Edit: Edit the element set, by picking a different group of elements to assign to it. Delete: Deletes the currently selected set(s). Multiple sets may be selected by using standard Ctrl/ Shift-click functionality.

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Card edit: Edit the property card assigned the set (but not the entities within it). Rename: Rename the selected set. Delete Reference: Removes a set reference from a entity set type of sets. Add Entities to Set: Adds entities into the currently selected set. This operation brings up an entity selector to select entities to add to the set. Remove Entities from Set: Removes entities from the currently selected set. This operation brings up an entity selector to select entities to remove from the set. Show: This operation adds the entities contained in the selected set(s) to the display. Hide: This operation removes the entities contained in the selected set(s) from the display. Isolate: This operation turns off (masks) the display of all entities not currently selected, so that only the selected entities display. Collapse All: Collapses all branches (folders) of the tree. This option does not require any selection. Expand All: Expands all branches (folders) of the tree. This option does not require any selection. Display Options: Determines how the sets are labeled in the Set Browser tree. Available options are shown above. This option does not require any selection. Display IDs: Displays a popup window showing the IDs of all entities contained in the selected set. Export Session File: Saves a session file (.ses), containing group definitions for the selected node or element sets, to the disk. Import Session File: Loads a session file (.ses) containing group definitions. These group definitions will be converted into entity sets. This option does not require any selection.

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To Change the Set Browser's Display and Export States 1.

Open the Set Browser. The Set Browser displays in the tab area. Its tree structure lists all entity set currently existing in the model, grouped in folders by type.

2.

The display states of entity sets are controlled by clicking the checkboxes located next to each set on or off. Once the display checkboxes are changed, click the Display button at the bottom of the browser to update the display with the current selection. The checked state signifies that all entities in the entity set are currently displayed, after clicking the Display button. The blank state signifies that one or more of the entities in that entity set are not displayed, after clicking either the Display button.

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Solver Browser The Solver Browser provides a solver perspective view of the model structure in flat, listed tree structure. Hierarchical structures are only available for card images that allow variations with themselves. For example, a MAT card image has several different material types and each material has its own entity defined in HyperMesh, so a hierarchical structure is used to list them all. The Solver Browser lists every entity mapped to a solver card image within the session and places those entities into their respective solver card image folders. The total number of entities is displayed in parenthesis next to the entity name. Expand the folder to see its contents. The Solver Browser include toolbars, a context-sensitive menu, and controls built into the display tree. Toolbars provide the ability to show or hide entities (component, material and property) within the model, and add entities to a panel collector. These abilities are collectively referred to as display controls and browser modes. Context-sensitive menu provide basic functions such as card editing, creation, deletion, display control, and review.

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Context Sensitive Menu A context-sensitive menu of action is available for any selected item in the Solver Browser tree. To view the context menu, right-click on either an entity folder, or an individual entity. Note:

Some of these options will vary depending on which user profile you have loaded. Create provides an extended menu that gives you the option of quickly creating a new solver card / entity directly from the browser. Once you select an option, the panels necessary to create the entity or card are opened. Delete allows you to delete a selected item from the session. If the selected item has "children" associated to it, the children are retained and only the entity is deleted. For example, if a contact has a surface and node set associated with it, and the contact is deleted, only the contact card image is deleted. The surface and node set associated with it is retained. This is the same at both folder and individual entity level. Card Edit opens the Card Image panel for the selected card. It works on both folder and individual entity levels. Review works on all the individual entities listed in the Solver Browser, but not at the folder level. Review highlights the selected item on the graphics screen and greys out all other items. In case of card images like contacts, boundary conditions, etc, that do not have entities of its own but refers to another entity (namely sets), it highlights the entities that constitute the set. The graphics screen remains in that review mode until Reset Review is applied. Reset Review resets the screen from review mode to normal mode. Show displays the selected item on the graphics screen if it is currently hidden. In case of card images like contacts, boundary conditions, etc, that do not have entities of their own but refers to another entity, namely sets, it displays the components whose entities (node, element) are used in the set that is referred in the selected card image. Also, it displays any handles as geometric representation associated with entities. The implementation was done with focus on the components for easy navigation through the model. Hide turns off the selected item on the graphics screen if it is currently visible. In case of card images like contacts, boundary conditions, etc, that do not have entities of its own but refers to another entity, namely sets, it turns off the components whose entities (node, element) are used in the set that is referred in the selected card image. Also, it turns off any handles, geometric representation associated with entities. The implementation was done with focus on the components for easy navigation through the model. Isolate works like Isolate Only in the Model Browser and on all the entities listed in the Solver Browser. It isolates the selected item on the graphics screen and turns off all other items from the graphics screen. In case of card images like contacts, boundary conditions, etc, that do not have entities of its own but refers to another entity, namely sets, it isolates the components whose entities (node, element) are used in the set that is referred in the selected card image. Also, it shows any handles, geometric representation associated with selected solver entity. The implementation was done with focus on the components for easy navigation through the model. Collapse All closes all of the folders in the tree structure, so that only the top-most level of items displays. Expand All opens all of the folders in the entire tree structure, exposing every item nested at every level.

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Show Find turns the Find functionality on/off. Show Filter turns the Filter functionality on/off. Columns allows you to hide or show the Color and FE Style columns in the tree control. Configure Browser… opens the Browser Configuration dialog, which allows you to determine which entities display in the tree as well as which columns the browser displays.

Solver Browser for Crash user profiles In addition to the options listed above, the Solver Browser toolbar for the LS-DYNA, RADIOSS (Block Format) and PAM-CRASH 2G interfaces includes an additional function: Find attached is implemented only for the card images mapped to component collectors, namely PART cards and 1D elements that include beams, mass elements, truss, rigid and joints. Find attached displays elements (0D, 1D) and components that are connected to the selected entity through sharing a common node, connectors, and special connection cards like *CONSTRAINED_EXTRA_NODE, *CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODY.

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See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities and Solver Support Interfacing with External Products

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Utility Menus The Utility Menu allows you to customize the standard interface to include function buttons, radio options, and text that have HyperMesh-supplied and user-defined macros associated with them. The menu is located on a tab of the tab area pane(s), and can be shown or hidden from within the view pull-down menu. The Utility Menu includes several pages of its own, each dedicated to different tasks. Thus it is actually a group of menus, although only one displays at a time. Each page is associated with a button at the bottom of the Utility Menu; clicking one of these buttons opens the page associated with it. Only one button can be depressed at a time, similar to the way that only one radio button can be active at a time - selecting a button de-selects all of the other buttons in the group. A macro file (hm.mac) controls the display and available operations of the Utility Menu. Attributes that you can change include: The Utility Menu page on which the operations appear Text to be displayed on each control Location and size of the menu The help string to be displayed on the menu bar The macro to call when each control is used, with optional arguments to pass The page number allows you to create multiple pages, so that you can group the macros by type of operation. Macros may contain any valid command file command, and are enclosed by the *beginmacro() and *endmacro() commands. Macros may accept variable arguments, passed to them from a control, by using the arguments $1, $2, etc. to specify where the arguments should be substituted. The *callmacro () command allows you to call a macro from within another one, which allows you to create groups of standard reusable macros. When HyperMesh starts, it looks for a macro file named hm.mac in the current directory, HOME directory (UNIX only), or the application’s base directory. If it finds this macro, HyperMesh runs it automatically to define the attributes and contents of the Utility Menu. You may also select and run a macro file after HyperMesh starts from within the options panel. The default hm.mac file sources the following additional macro files: disppage.mac

Populates the Display page of the Utility Menu.

geommeshpage.mac

Populates the Geom/Mesh page of the Utility Menu.

globalpage.mac

Creates the button group that allows you to switch pages.

qamodelpage.mac

Populates the QA/Model page of the Utility Menu.

userpage.mac

Populates the User page of the Utility Menu.

A userpage.mac file may exist in the installation directory for HyperMesh or in the directory from which HyperMesh launches. When HyperMesh starts, it first looks for the userpage.mac file in the directory from

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which it launches and then in the installation directory. UNIX users also have the option of putting the userpage.mac file in their home directory. This file defines the attributes and contents of the User page of the Utility Menu. By default, the Utility Menu displays when HyperMesh starts, but display of the menu is controlled by a command in the HyperMesh Configuration. Note:

While macros offer a great deal of flexibility, you must remember that once a macro is executed, there is no way to cancel the execution or reject the results, and a macro may not be called recursively.

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Default Utility Menu The Utility Menu is normally located on the left side of the graphics region, in the tab area pane. However, it can also be dragged-and-dropped to the right-side explorer pane, if that pane is open. It contains page selection buttons at the bottom of the menu, with the current page’s button depressed. The different pages of the Utility Menu are: Geom/Mesh (macros related to model geometry and FE mesh) Disp (Options related to the graphical display of entities) QA/Model (macros related to element quality and loads) User (user-created macros only) The Utility Menu displays by default, although it may be obscured by another tab such as the Model Browser or Connector Browser. You can turn the Utility Menu off completely (removing its tab from the tab area) by un-checking it in the View menu. You can also turn the Utility Menu off by clicking the small "x" in the upper corner of the tab area when the Utility Menu tab is in the forefront, or even by clicking-anddragging the tab to the title bar. To restore the Utility Menu, simply check it in the View menu. Note, however, that it still might not display if the tab area pane on which it resides is not active. For example, if the Utility Menu is on the right-hand tab area pane, but you have only the left-hand pane showing in the HyperMesh environment, the Utility Menu will still be invisible even though you have it checked in the View menu. The Geom/Mesh, QA/Model, and Disp pages contain a variety of macros that allow you to quickly perform functions which would normally take several steps.

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QA/Model Utility Menu The QA Utility Menu contains many tools to help you quickly review and clean up the quality of a preexisting mesh. The element quality criteria used by these tools comes directly from the values entered on the Check Elements panel. Since the criteria on that panel are customizable, the quality criteria used by these macros remains consistent with those used throughout the rest of HyperMesh — and can be indirectly adjusted by changing the settings on the Check Elements panel. There are eight tools to isolate elements that fail certain element check criteria Length

This macro checks all the displayed elements against the minimum length criteria. If any elements fail the criteria, it displays the failed elements and masks the remaining elements. If none of the displayed elements fail the criteria, it displays a message and leaves the model display unchanged

Jacob (Jacobian)

This macro checks all the displayed elements against the maximum Jacobian value. If any elements fail the criteria, it displays the failed elements and masks the remaining elements. If none of the displayed elements fail the criteria, it displays a message and leaves the display unchanged

Warp (warpage)

This macro checks all the displayed elements for their warpage. If any elements fail the warpage test, it displays the failed elements and masks the remaining elements. If none of the displayed elements fail the criteria, it displays a message and leaves the display unchanged

Aspect (aspect ratio)

This macro checks all the displayed elements for their aspect ratio. If any elements fail the criteria, it displays the failed elements and masks the remaining elements. If none of the displayed elements fail the criteria, it displays a message and leaves the display unchanged

Max ang: Q (quad)

This macro checks all the displayed quad elements against the maximum internal angle. If any elements fail the criteria, it displays the failed elements and masks the remaining elements. If none of the displayed elements fail the criteria, it displays a message and leaves the display unchanged

Max ang: T (tria)

This macro checks all the displayed tria elements against the maximum internal angle. If any elements fail the criteria, it displays the failed elements and masks the remaining elements. If none of the displayed elements fail the criteria, it displays a message and leaves the display unchanged

Min ang: Q (quad)

This macro checks all the displayed quad elements against the minimum internal angle. If any elements fail the criteria, it displays the failed elements and masks the remaining elements. If none of the displayed elements fail the criteria, it displays a message and leaves the display unchanged

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Min ang: T (tria)

This macro checks all the displayed tria elements against the minimum internal angle. If any elements fail the criteria, it displays the failed elements and masks the remaining elements. If none of the displayed elements fail the criteria, it displays a message and leaves the display unchanged

You can use the following macros to quickly modify any elements that fail the element checks. Split Warped

Checks all displayed quad elements for warp exceeding the acceptable value. Each element failing this criterion is then split along its diagonal to form two tria elements instead of the original quad.

Find Attached

Finds all of the elements attached to the displayed elements.

Remesh

Allows you to remesh the selected elements plus one, two, or three attached layers of elements (one button for each). The remesh uses the current size, does not break connectivity, and uses the mixed element type.

Smooth

Allows you to apply the smoothing algorithm to the selected elements plus one, two, or three attached layers of elements (one button for each).

Quality Report

Brings up a user interface that allows you to set the various quality values and check the quality of all the 2D elements in the model. The results are shown as the number of elements and percentage of elements failing each criterion. You can also export the results to a text file using save as. Note:

Changing the criteria on this report interface does not change the settings in the Check Elements panel. They only affect the report.

Model Tour

Allows you to review (tour) the selected components individually. This macro displays the component name, number of elements in that component and their ID range. It also displays a dialog that allows you to review the free edges of the component and any elements attached to the component.

BOM Comparison Tool

Reads a generic Bill Of Materials file and provides an interface to manipulate data in the BOM as well as the corresponding FE model.

The model tools included on this page are: Load Size

These numbered buttons represent different display sizes for load indicators: 0 is the smallest, while 3 is the largest. Since these buttons affect all loads, including forces, pressures, constraints, and so on, the numbers do not directly correspond to any specific values or ratios. Note that this only affects the graphical display of load indicators — it does not change the load magnitudes.

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Find Elems>>Loads

Automatically finds all elements directly attached to any and all load indicators. If masked, these elements are un-masked.

Find Comps>>Loads

Automatically finds all components directly attached to any and all load indicators. If masked, these comps are un-masked.

Find Loads>>Comps

Automatically finds all loads directly attached to a selected component. If masked, these loads are un-masked.

Find Elems>>Connectors

Automatically finds all elements directly attached to any and all connectors. If masked, these elements are un-masked.

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BOM Comparison Tool The BOM Comparison Tool located on the QA/Model Utility Menu reads a generic Bill of Materials (BOM) file and provides an interface to manipulate data in the BOM and its corresponding FE model. A BOM is often used as the master document for model meshing, assembly, property assignments, model comparison, and updates between design iterations as well as other CAE activities. Since users in different design and analysis groups use BOM information, the formats and content of the BOM can vary. One BOM may contain more data than another BOM for the same program. BOMs usually use Microsoft Excel® format (CSV format) or XML format. The HyperMesh BOM Comparison Tool focuses primarily on the Excel format. The BOM reader includes the following abilities: Reads a generic BOM file of CSV format (comma separated values file) Provides a GUI to manipulate data in the BOM and the corresponding FE model Provides an option to update attributes in the FE model based on the data available in the BOM Provides an option to complete the existing BOM based on the data available from the model Filters out all vague information present in the BOM and provides a feature to edit the vague information into a valid data and move it back to the BOM Provides a functionality to export a new BOM file. For an in-depth description of the parts that make up the BOM Comparison Tool user interface and how to use them, see the following topics: BOM Comparison Tool Graphical User Interface (GUI) BOM Comparison Tool Control Section BOM Comparison Tool Tree Section BOM Comparison Tool Master Column BOM Comparison Tool BOM Display Section BOM Comparison Tool Metadata Display Section BOM Comparison Tool Failed Records section Note: The BOM Comparison Tool only applies to the Nastran, LS-DYNA, RADIOSS (Block Format), and Abaqus user profiles.

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BOM Comparison Tool GUI The BOM Comparison Tool’s GUI consists of seven sections as shown below:

Control section:

Contains menu items and buttons to perform various operations. This section controls most tool functions.

Tree section:

Contains a tree structure displaying part names and IDs.

Master column:

Contains master column selection.

BOM display section:

This section contains a table to display BOM info as it is seen in the actual BOM file.

Metadata display section:

Contains options for metadata management.

Failed records section:

Displays failed records from a loaded BOM file.

Display filter section:

Contains filtering options for displaying tree and table info; part of the tree section.

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BOM Comparison Tool Control Section This portion of the interface contains drop-down menus and the toolbar. File menu

New

Create a new session

Open

Browse for and load a new BOM file. HyperMesh checks for the standard headers Part Name, Part ID, Material, Material ID, and Gauge. If all are found, details populate the relevant fields in the BOM comparison tool. If any are missing, you will be prompted select the heading from the BOM file that corresponds to each standard header.

Edit menu

Show Failed

Display all the invalid records that the tool encounters while reading a BOM file in a table. Only valid records from a BOM file display in the BOM Display Section’s table. Invalid records can be edited to form valid data and can be moved to the BOM Display table.

Save and Export

Save and export the current information shown in the BOM Display section as a new BOM csv file in a user selected location.

Exit

Close the BOM Comparison Tool.

Update Model

Update the model attributes to match the BOM.

Complete BOM

Sometimes the BOM doesn’t contain all of the data you want. If the corresponding model contains the missing data, you can complete the BOM data by querying the database and extracting the data. Use the Complete BOM operation to either complete an existing BOM, or generate a new BOM by querying the model in current session. This option opens a new window listing the items to be added to the BOM file. You can select additional items from a combo box, or type a new header into it and add them, or click an item already in the list and insert the new item just above it. You may also select items in the list and delete them from the file. Once you had added or deleted all necessary entries, click Continue to generate the new file.

Check Model

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Checks the model against the BOM. This option switches the BOM Display Section to Comparison mode if it is currently in BOM View mode (see below).

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View menu

BOM View

Display section displays BOM info as it appears in the BOM file.

Compare View

Categorizes BOM information into four sections: Match: components in BOM whose standard attributes match exactly with those in the model. Different: components in BOM whose standard attributes differ from those in the model. In_BOM_Only: components found in BOM but not in model. In_Model_Only: components found in model but not in BOM. Same function as File > Open.

Same function as File >Save and Export.

Same function as Edit > Update Model.

Same function as Edit > Complete BOM.

Same function as Edit > Check Model.

Same function as File > Show Failed.

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BOM Comparison Tool Tree Section When a BOM file is loaded into the tool, the tool identifies the part name and part id of all valid records. It then displays the part names, appended with part IDs, in brackets in the form of a tree structure located on the left side of the tool window. Each tree branch is associated with a row in the BOM display table containing all standard information for the part in the tree branch. This section also includes selection and filtering controls, to affect which parts display in the tree and which parts are selected or deselected. Filter options are given for displaying only the desired part info in the tree and the associated data in the BOM display table.

You can enter a string in the combo box, select the desired header in the options menu, and press the key to display the desired information in the tree and BOM display table. The combo box remembers previously entered strings until you quit the tool, and can be used to filter the BOM info anytime in the session. Apart from this there are filter buttons each one of which is explained below:

(Select All)

Displays all the branches in the tree and the associated data in the BOM display table

(Select None)

Switch off all the branches in the tree and delete all the data in the BOM display table

(Reverse selection)

Switch on all the "off" branches in the tree and vice versa. Data associated with switched-on branches displays in the BOM display table

(Show displayed)

Switch on only those branches in the tree (and associated data in the BOM display table) that correspond to the displayed parts in the model

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BOM Comparison Tool Master Column The central top portion of the tool window contains the master column section. This section allows you to select the desired master column option. The master column is the column in the BOM file whose attributes are considered as a key in comparison and validation operations. Only columns with three attributes can be used as master columns, i.e. columns containing part ID, part name and part number. The master column data is used as a key for the following operations: Update model attributes as in BOM Complete BOM by querying model Check model against BOM The tool allows three master column combinations between the BOM and the model. The tool queries the data in the model based on any one of these column combinations: Compare Part Id in BOM with Part Id in model: the tool compares the attributes of a part in the BOM with the part in the model using part id as the key. Compare by Part Name in BOM with Part Name in model: the tool compares attributes of a part in the BOM with the part in the model using part name as the key. Compare by Part Number in BOM with Part Name in model: the tool compares attributes of a part in the BOM with the part in the model using part number as the key.

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BOM Comparison Tool BOM Display Section BOM info displays in a table in the BOM display section, located in the center of the tool window just below the master column section. BOM info can be displayed in two different modes: BOM only, and Comparison. By default information displays in BOM Only view:

Use the toggle button located in the top-right portion of the GUI to switch to Comparison mode, which categorizes the BOM information into four categories: Match: BOM components whose standard attributes exactly match those in the model Different: BOM components whose standard attributes differ from those in the model In_BOM_Only: components found in the BOM but not in the model In_Model_Only: components found in the model but not in the BOM The screenshot below illustrates Comparison view:

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Column 1 shows the category name with the number of parts falling under that category enclosed in brackets; remaining columns display the BOM info. In the Different category, mismatched attributes between BOM and the model are highlighted in light blue.

Right-click menu Right-clicking on the table opens a menu of functions: Display selected parts displays parts in the model corresponding to the selected rows in the BOM display table. Display all parts will display all the parts in the model. Create metadata creates metadata of all the attributes of the parts in the model corresponding to the selected row in the table. Update metadata updates metadata of all the attributes of the parts corresponding to the selected row in the table. Delete metadata deletes metadata of all the attributes of the parts corresponding to the selected row in the table. Delete deletes the selected row in the table.

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BOM Comparison Tool Metadata Display Section You can create, update and delete metadata using some of the menu items on the BOM display table. Metadata information contains all the attributes for a part in the model. The metadata display section contains four display options in the form of a combo box. After selecting a row in the BOM Display table, and then use this combo box to select the type of information displayed in the metadata display table:

None

Clear the table if already some data exists

Metadata related to BOM

Display BOM related metadata for the selected row in the BOM display table

All metadata

Display all the metadata for the selected row in the BOM display table

Differences between BOM/metadata

Display two rows of info in the metadata table. First row corresponds to BOM info, second row corresponds to metadata associated with the model

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BOM Comparison Tool Failed Records Section When a BOM file is loaded, the tool checks for the validity of each standard attribute in a record (a record corresponds to one line of info in the BOM file). The tool considers the following five terms as standard attributes: Part Name Part ID Material Material ID Gauge If at least one attribute is missing or repetitive, the whole record is considered invalid and will be stored outof-sight. Click the Show failed menu item or corresponding button in the control section to see the failed records. This opens a Failed records table as shown below.

You have the option to edit each of those failed records to make them valid and move them to the BOM display table using the Move button.

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Disp Utility Menu The Disp Utility Menu allows you to clear temporary nodes.

Clear Temp Nodes Use this button to automatically remove any temporary nodes in the model.

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Geom/Mesh Utility Menu This menu contains a set of macros related to working with model geometry, as well as a set for working with FE mesh.

The geometry macros are: Preserve edges

Prevents specific edges from being suppressed during autocleanup or batchmeshing.

Project points

Projects free points to surface edges. Depending on the tolerance you specify, points may even project to multiple edges. This can be helpful to achieve uniform meshing with regard to weld points.

Isolate Surface

Isolates either an inner or an outer surface layer (based on the user selected surface) from a 3D model. This macro works only on the surfaces attached to the selected surface. The other layers and thickness are then placed in a temp directory and masked.

ThinSolid=>Midsurf

Extracts a midsurface from a thin solid representation of sheet metal stamped parts, by offsetting one side surfaced to midplane. You select a line whose length represents the solid thickness and a surface, which is part of either the inner or outer side of the solid. The macro also creates the corresponding property card and updates the thickness. This macro is intended to be used with sheet metal parts with uniform thickness and does not work for molded solid parts, etc. with ribs (T junctions). Note that all involved surfaces must have their normals point inward toward the center of the enclosed volume. Note also that this macro only works on enclosed volumes consisting of surfaces; it does not work on 3D solid entities.

Washer

Scales a copy of a selected circular line to 1.5 times its original size, and then trims this new line into the surface. This allows a higher quality mesh around circular holes.

Adj Circ Pts

Places four additional fixed points on an inner line, and then projects those points to a concentric line, creating a higher quality mesh.

The mesh macros are: Auto Connectors

A pop-up menu that allows you to automatically create connectors and FE realize them from a master connection file.

Midsurf Thickness

Assigns the thickness of a midsurface geometry to FE properties or elements. Its primary use cases are solid parts with varying thickness.

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You can also review the thickness as a contour plot on the elements or nodes. Quick Tetramesh

Quickly creates an automatic tetrahedral mesh while meeting the requirements for minimum element angle and element size.

Fix 2nd Order Midnodes

Improves element quality by moving the mid-edge nodes of second order elements.

Fix Sliver Tetra Elements

Fixes slivers and wedges (tetra elements that are so thin as to be nearly planar) by moving nodes to make them more three-dimensional and improve their quality criteria.

Add Washer

Creates a layer of washer elements around a circular hole in the mesh.

Trim Hole

Creates a circular hole (of a given radius) in the mesh at the selected node (as the center of the hole). An optional layer of washer elements can be created along with a rigid spider along the hole.

Fill Hole

Fills the selected hole and remeshes the surrounding mesh to maintain connectivity. This macro does not remove any rigid spiders that fill the hole; if necessary, delete the rigid spider before using this macro.

Box Trim

Trims the model along user-defined trim lines. This is useful for reducing the model size by taking advantage of symmetry etc.

Bead

Creates a bead of a given height and width along the selected two nodes and connects to the surrounding mesh.

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Preserve Edges Both the BatchMesher and the autocleanup features seek to improve mesh speed and/or quality by suppressing minor features (which are assumed to be insignificant). However, sometimes minor features are still important to your analysis. The Preserve Edges macro provides a way to ensure that specific components edges and feature lines do not accidentally get discarded during autocleanup or batch meshing. When you click the preserve edges button, a new pop-up window opens to accept your settings:

The following options are available for the Preserve Edges macro: Clear at start

When this checkbox is active, any previously stored feature lines will purge each time you click select edges or select comps. Thus, picking a new set of lines starts over instead of adding to the selection.

Select Edges

Clicking this button displays a line selector in the panel area. Use the lines selector to choose the edges you wish preserved.

Show Preserved

Click this button to highlight the lines already marked for preservation.

Comps selection boundary

When active, this checkbox prevents the auto-cleanup function from equivalencing the boundaries between adjacent components.

Select comps

Clicking this button displays a component selector in the panel area. Use the comps selector to choose the components whose boundary edges you wish preserved. Note that this will not preserve lines inside the components — only the outer boundary edge.

Clear all edges

Removes all edges from the preservation list.

Save preserved

Saves the preservation state, so that autocleanup and BatchMesher will know which lines must be preserved.

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Reset highlights

After clicking the show preserved button, use this button to remove the highlight from the preserved lines. The lines remain preserved; only the visual highlighting effect is removed (until you click show preserved again).

OK

Accepts any changes you’ve made and closes the pop-up window.

Cancel

Discards any changes you’ve made and closes the pop-up window.

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Project Points Use this macro to project geometric points (such as weld points) to nearby edges. Clicking this button opens a surfs selector in the panel area; use this to select the surfaces whose edges you wish to project points to. After selecting surfs and clicking proceed, a target element size field is displayed. Type a value into this field, using the same units as your model. Any points within this distance of the selected surfaces’ edges will be projected to those edges.

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Auto Connectors Macro Note:

If you are unfamiliar with HyperMesh connector entities, refer to Connector Definition and Connector Realization for more information.

The Auto Connectors macro automates the importation and FE realization of connectors from either a Master Connectors File or an older Master Weld File. Virtually every option available for FE realization in the connectors module is also available in the Auto Connectors macro.

Automated Connector Creation and Fe Realization dialog

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Automated Connector Creation and Fe Realization dialog - custom option

Input requirements for connector entity creation and FE realization are: Master connectors/weld file FE config Projection tolerance Note:

In the case of a custom FE config, the custom FE type-to-realize is required. The custom FE type definitions can be found in the appropriate feconfig.cfg file. This script automatically reads the default feconfig.cfg file and displays a list of all the appropriate user-defined FE types (found in the feconfig.cfg file) in the Fe type field.

The property and diameter can be specified if necessary. Additional options are:

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Build systems Snap to node Attach to shells

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Master Weld Files The Master Weld File provides the weld location and parts to be connected. A format example is shown below. PointId

1t/2t/3t

X

Y

Z

PartId1

PartId2

12::

2::

2.25:

2.25::

1.0::

2::

3::

23::

3::

3.05::

3.25::

0.25::

2::

3::

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PartId3

5::

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Diameter vs. Thickness Files DvsT file (diameter vs thickness) contains a table that associates the thickness of components and the nugget diameter of the weld. The equivalent area is taken to determine the side of the hexa. The file format includes thickness range and the corresponding diameter of the weld nugget. Minimum thickness

Maximum thickness

Nugget diameter

1.4

1.9

7

2.0

3.0

8

The nugget diameter is 7.0 for the thickness range of 1.4 to 1.99.

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ACM Welds An ACM (Area Contact Method) weld is a special representation of a spot weld. The weld is defined using a solid (HEXA) element whose cross-sectional area is equivalent to the area of the weld nugget. The solid element is created at the exact weld location independent of the shell elements that represent the sheet metal parts. These solid elements are connected to the corresponding components using RBE3 elements. The size of the solid element is determined using the DvsT file. The nugget diameter corresponding to the minimum thickness of the connecting parts is obtained from the DvsT file. The size of the hexa is calculated to match the cross-sectional area of the weld nugget. The length of the weld element is calculated using one of the following methods:

(T1+T2)/2

This creates the hexa elements with a length equal to the average component thickness it is connecting. T1 and T2 are the component thicknesses. The first figure below shows the ACM weld created using this method.

Project to shell

This creates the hexa elements between the component/element shell surface. The length of the hexa element will be equal to the actual distance between the two connecting components/elements. The second figure below shows the ACM weld created using this method.

The figures below show ACM created using the two currently available methods.

ACM creation using (T1+T2)/2.0 option

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ACM creation using Project to Shells option

The weights of the RBE3 elements are calculated based on the projection of the dependent node on the shell element. The nodes of the shell element closest to the dependent node are assigned a greater weight relative to the node that is farther away. ACM welds can be created and managed using connectors. Once a connector is created, they can be realized as ACM spotwelds as follows: 1.

Make sure that the connectors are created at each of the weld locations along with connecting parts information.

2.

Make sure all the connecting parts have PSHELL cards with correct thicknesses.

3.

Select the connectors to be realized as ACMs in the FE Realize panel of the Connectors module.

4.

Choose custom element config and select type = Nastran 70 ACM((T1+T2)/2) or type = Nastran 71 ACM (Shell Gap) per your requirements. The appropriate property script is automatically loaded for the selected type.

5.

Set the appropriate tolerance (proj tol=) value.

6.

Make sure the attach to shell and snap to node options are turned off in fe options….

7.

Select a DvsT file, which determines the size of the hexa based on the thicknesses of the components being connected. If no DvsT file is selected, hexas are created with weld nugget diameter =1.0

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8.

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Click realize.

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CWELD Elements CWELD elements are created as patch-patch, meshless elements. The 1D element is not connected to the shell element. For details regarding connected shell elements or nodal information see the element card. For CWELD elements, the diameter is determined from a DvsT file based on the component thickness. In addition to the creation of CWELD elements, a corresponding property card (PWELD) is created with an updated diameter ‘D’ attribute value.

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Midsurf Thickness Geometric surfaces that represent the mid-plane of a solid part have thickness information stored in their definition if they are extracted using the HyperMesh midsurface function. The thickness data can be a single value for the entire part or a varying function. The Midsurf thickness macro, located on the Geom/ Mesh Utility Menu, allows you to transfer thickness data from surfaces to the associated nodes/elements. You can also review the contour plot of thickness data with this macro. Note:

Currently the utility only supports tria3 and quad4 elements. This utility may behave differently under different user profiles.

When you click the Midusrf thickness… menu button, the controls for this macro display in a new tab in the tab area.

The following options are available in the Midsurf thickness... macro: Assign thickness to

You can choose to assign or view the thickness values using several methods. Use the Elements option to assign the thickness and Z-offset values (where supported) directly to the element cards. For each user profile, the values will be updated on the element card for that solver. Refer to the User profile section for more details on the unique behavior of the Midsurf Thickness utility for each user profile. Use the Properties on elements option to group elements that fall within user-specified thickness intervals into common ranges, then create and

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assign to each of those elements in each range a property with the range thickness value assigned to the property card image. Most solvers only have Z-offset defined on the element card, so this value will always be populated on the element cards for any solver that supports Z-offset. In order to execute this mode, a base property named t0 must be defined. The t0 property definition will be used for all created properties based on the option specified in the Organization Method section described below. This option performs the following generic steps: 1.

Creates properties with name "t[thickness value]" by copying the properties of the base property t0 and assigning the appropriate thickness based on the value of the Organization Method.

2.

Assigns to the elements that have thickness values within the specified ranges, based on the value of the Organization Method, the relevant property.

You can also choose Organize only to create new components and sort the selected elements into them according to the Organization Method (see below) that you specify. Use the Properties on components option to group elements that fall within user-specified thickness intervals into common components, then create and assign to each of those components a property with the thickness value assigned to the property card image. Most solvers only have Z-offset defined on the element card, so this value will always be populated on the element cards for any solver that supports z-offset. In order to execute this mode, a base property named t0 must be defined. The t0 property definition will be used for all created properties based on the option specified in the Organization Method section described below. This option performs the following generic steps: 1.

Creates components and properties with name "t[thickness value]" by copying the properties of the base property t0 and assigning the appropriate thickness based on the value of the Organization Method.

2.

Assigns to property to its corresponding component.

3.

Removes any property assignments to the elements.

4.

Organizes the elements that have thickness values within the specified ranges into the new components based on the value of the Organization Method.

You can also choose Organize only to create new components and sort the selected elements into them according to the Organization Method. Use Z-Offset values

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Activate this checkbox to take z-offsets into account. HyperMesh uses zoffsets when midsurfacing parts that have variable thickness; the z-offset (which is saved as part of the midsurface data) tells a solver how much of a positive-normal offset exists between the actual part surface and the midsurface:

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To assign z-offset values to the element cards for supported solvers, check the Use Z-offset values checkbox. This option is only valid for certain user profiles. Thickness calculation method

This option determines how the thickness value is calculated for each element. Nodal values – Multiple thickness values are calculated for each element by finding the thickness at each of the element nodes. It is possible for a node to have multiple thickness values at a single location (shared surface edge where the surfaces have different thickness). The thickness calculated using that node for an element is dependent on which surface that element is associated to. Average – A single thickness value is calculated for each element by averaging the thickness at each of the element nodes. Centroid – A single thickness value is calculated for each element by calculating the thickness at the centroid of the element. Max – A single thickness value is calculated for each element by calculating the thickness at each node of the element and taking the max value. Min – A single thickness value is calculated for each element by calculating the thickness at each node of the element and taking the min value.

Organization method

This option specifies the thickness range intervals used to generate properties based on their thickness values. Based on the Assign thickness to option, the properties and components are generated for certain thickness ranges. Any element with a thickness value within that range is assigned that property or organized into that component. You can specify thickness range intervals by two methods: 1.

Gauge file – You must specify the thickness range intervals in a Gauge File. Click here for details on the format of the gauge file.

2.

Range Interval – You must specify a thickness tolerance. Thickness range intervals are automatically generated based on the thickness tolerance using the following formula. The thickness assigned to each created component is n*tolerance. Lower limit = (tolerance / 2) + (tolerance* i )

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Upper limit = (tolerance / 2) + (tolerance* (i + 1)) Assigned value = tolerance*(i+1) Where i = 0……n, n is determined by the maximum thickness in model divided by the user specified tolerance and then rounding to up to the next integer. Assign

Assigns the thickness from the surface definition to the selected elements, based on the options specified.

Contour

Creates a contour plot of the thicknesses on the selected elements/nodes based on the options specified. This step does not assign the thickness to the nodes or elements; it is a review/display function only. It is very useful for visualizing and verifying the results of the Midsurf Thickness utility before applying the midsurf thickness mapping operation. If you chose Properties on elements, Properties on components, or Organize only under the Assign thickness to option, HyperMesh honors the Organization method settings during the contour process and the contour value is assigned based on that organization. This allows the contour to match with the applied results. If you chose Elements or Properties on components for the Assign thickness to option, and choose to use Nodal values for the Thickness calculation method, the values may not exactly match the nodal values that are actually applied. There can be multiple thicknesses associated to a node if it shares an edge with multiple surfaces. Since HyperMesh can only provide one value for the contour, it always chooses the first value which might not match exactly with the applied values in these situations.

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To assign thickness and z-offset values using the Elements option 1.

Change to your preferred user profile.

2.

Load the desired model file.

3.

Access the Midsurf thickness… utility from the Geom/Mesh page of the Utility Menu.

4.

Select the Elements option.

5.

Optional: use the Use Z-Offset value check box to assign both thickness and Z-offset values. Leave the checkbox blank to assign only the thickness values.

6.

Click the Assign button to open the element selection panel.

7.

Select the elements to map the midsurface thickness onto.

8.

Click the proceed button to perform the thickness mapping.

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To assign thickness and z-offset values using the Properties on Components option 1.

Change to your preferred user profile.

2.

Load the desired model file.

3.

Create the base component "t0", the base property "t0" and assign the base property the relevant card image. Enter any default values for this card.

4.

Access the Midsurf thickness… utility from the Geom/Mesh page of the Utility Menu.

5.

Select the Properties on components option.

6.

Optional: use the Use Z-Offset value check box to assign both thickness and Z-offset values. Leave the checkbox blank to assign only the thickness values.

7.

Select a Thickness calculation method.

8.

Select a Component organization method and either select a file or enter a tolerance based on the method.

9.

Click the Assign button to open the element selection panel.

10. Select the elements to map the midsurface thickness onto. 11. Click the proceed button to perform the thickness mapping

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To assign thickness and z-offset values using the Properties on Elements option 1.

Change to your preferred user profile.

2.

Load the desired model file.

3.

Create the base property "t0" and assign the base property the relevant card image. Enter any default values for this card.

4.

Access the Midsurf thickness… utility from the Geom/Mesh page of the Utility Menu.

5.

Select the Properties on elements option.

6.

Optional: use the Use Z-Offset value check box to assign both thickness and Z-offset values. Leave the checkbox blank to assign only the thickness values.

7.

Select a Thickness calculation method.

8.

Select a Component organization method and either select a file or enter a tolerance based on the method.

9.

Click the Assign button to open the element selection panel.

10. Select the elements to map the midsurface thickness onto. 11. Click the proceed button to perform the thickness mapping.

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To organize elements using the Organize Only option 1.

Change to your preferred user profile.

2.

Load the desired model file.

3.

Create the base component "t0".

4.

Access the Midsurf thickness… utility from the Geom/Mesh page of the Utility Menu.

5.

Select the Organize only option.

6.

Click the Assign button to open the element selection panel.

7.

Select the elements to organize.

8.

Click the proceed button to perform the organization.

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To contour thickness and z-offset values using the Elements option 1.

Change to your preferred user profile.

2.

Load the desired model file.

3.

Access the Midsurf thickness… utility from the Geom/Mesh page of the Utility Menu.

4.

Select the Elements option.

5.

Optional: use the Use Z-Offset value check box to assign both thickness and Z-offset values. Leave the checkbox blank to assign only the thickness values.

6.

Click the Contour button to open the node selection panel.

7.

Optional: Select nodes to generate the midsurface thickness contour.

8.

Click the proceed button to open the element selection panel.

9.

Optional: Select elements to generate the midsurface thickness contour.

10. Click the proceed button. The utility opens the Contour panel and shows the thickness contour. If both nodes and elements were selected, the data type can be changed inside the panel to review the nodal or elemental thickness contours. If the Use Z-Offset value box was checked, the data type can also be changed to view the Z-Offset contour.

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To contour thickness and z-offset values using the Properties on Components option 1.

Change to your preferred user profile.

2.

Load the desired model file.

3.

Access the Midsurf thickness… utility from the Geom/Mesh page of the Utility Menu.

4.

Select the Properties on components option.

5.

Optional: use the Use Z-Offset value check box to assign both thickness and Z-offset values. Leave the checkbox blank to assign only the thickness values.

6.

Select a Thickness calculation method.

7.

Select a Component organization method and either select a file or enter a tolerance based on the method.

8.

Click the Contour button to open the node selection panel.

9.

Optional: Select the nodes to generate the midsurface thickness contour.

10. Click the proceed button to open the element selection panel. 11. Optional: Select the elements to generate the midsurface thickness contour. 12. Click the proceed button. The utility opens the Contour panel and shows the thickness contour. If both nodes and elements were selected, the data type can be changed inside the panel to review the nodal or elemental thickness contours. If the Use Z-Offset value box was checked, the data type can also be changed to view the Z-Offset contour.

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To contour thickness and z-offset values using the Properties on Elements option 1.

Change to your preferred user profile.

2.

Load the desired model file.

3.

Access the Midsurf thickness… utility from the Geom/Mesh page of the Utility Menu.

4.

Select the Properties on elements option.

5.

Optional: use the Use Z-Offset value check box to assign both thickness and Z-offset values. Leave the checkbox blank to assign only the thickness values.

6.

Select a Thickness calculation method.

7.

Select a Component organization method and either select a file or enter a tolerance based on the method.

8.

Click the Contour button to open the node selection panel.

9.

Optional: Select the nodes to generate the midsurface thickness contour.

10. Click the proceed button to open the element selection panel. 11. Optional: Select the elements to generate the midsurface thickness contour. 12. Click the proceed button. The utility opens the Contour panel and shows the thickness contour. If both nodes and elements were selected, the data type can be changed inside the panel to review the nodal or elemental thickness contours. If the Use Z-Offset value box was checked, the data type can also be changed to view the Z-Offset contour.

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Gauge File Format & Example The Gauge file uses the following format:

Number of Gauges [Number of Gauge Data Lines] Gauges Begin

End

Assigned Value

[min Thk]

[max Thk]

[Assigned Thk]

… If the Assigned Value is not specified, then the average of the upper and lower limits will be used as Assigned Value. Below is a specific example of a gauge file:

Number of Gauges 4

Gauges Begin

End

Assigned Value

0.0

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.15

0.15

0.15

0.2

0.2

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Midsurf Thickness Behavior Under Different User Profiles Common to All User Profiles Organize only Creates new components based on the Organization method. Organizes elements into these components.

Contour Creates a contour of the thickness values of nodes and elements, based on the specified options. If you chose Properties on elements, Properties on components, or Organize only under the Assign thickness to option, HyperMesh honors the Organization method settings during the contour process and the contour value is assigned based on that organization. This allows the contour to match with the applied results. If you chose Elements or Properties on components for the Assign thickness to option, and choose to use Nodal values for the Thickness calculation method, the values may not exactly match the nodal values that are actually applied. There can be multiple thicknesses associated to a node if it shares an edge with multiple surfaces. Since HyperMesh can only provide one value for the contour, it always chooses the first value which might not match exactly with the applied values in these situations.

Abaqus Properties on components Creates new components based on the Organization method. Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns the properties to the corresponding components. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using property attribute TK. Organizes elements into the corresponding components. Clears any element property references for the selected elements.

Properties on elements Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using property attribute TK.

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Assigns the properties to the corresponding elements.

ANSYS Properties on components – Nodal values Creates new components based on ordered nodal thickness values. Creates new properties based on ordered nodal thickness values. Assigns the properties to the corresponding components. Assigns multiple thicknesses to each property, using real values. Organizes elements into the corresponding components.

Properties on components – all others Creates new components based on the Organization method. Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns the properties to the corresponding components. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using real values. Organizes elements into the corresponding components.

LS-Dyna Elements Assigns multiple thicknesses to each element, based on the nodal thickness values for that element: -

For tria3 elements, uses attributes: Elem_Option LSD_ELEM_T1 LSD_ELEM_T2 LSD_ELEM_T3

-

For quad4 elements, uses attributes: Elem_Option LSD_ELEM_T1 LSD_ELEM_T2

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LSD_ELEM_T3 LSD_ELEM_T4

Properties on components Creates new components based on the Organization method. Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns the properties to the corresponding components. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using property attribute LSD_T1. Organizes elements into the corresponding components.

Marc Properties on elements Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using component attribute TK. Assigns the properties to the corresponding elements.

Moldflow Properties on components Creates new components based on the Organization method. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using component attribute T. Organizes elements into the corresponding components.

Nastran Elements Assigns multiple thicknesses to each element, based on the nodal thickness values for that element: -

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For tria3 elements, uses attributes:

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CTRIA3_T1T2T3 CTRIA3_T1 CTRIA3_T2 CTRIA3_T3 CTRIA3_ZOFFS [if requested] ZOFFS [if requested] -

For quad4 elements, uses attributes: CQUAD4_T1T2T3T4 CQUAD4_T1 CQUAD4_T2 CQUAD4_T3 CQUAD4_T4 CQUAD4_ZOFFS [if requested] ZOFFS [if requested]

Turns off the TFLAG option when necessary.

Properties on components Creates new components based on the Organization method. Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns the properties to the corresponding components. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using property attribute PSHELL_T.

-

For tria3 elements, uses z-offset attributes [if requested]: CTRIA3_ZOFFS ZOFFS

-

For quad4 elements, uses z-offset attributes [if requested]: CQUAD4_ZOFFS ZOFFS

Organizes elements into the corresponding components. Clears any element property references for the selected elements.

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Properties on elements Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using property attribute PSHELL_T.

-

For tria3 elements, uses z-offset attributes [if requested]: CTRIA3_ZOFFS ZOFFS

-

For quad4 elements, uses z-offset attributes [if requested]: CQUAD4_ZOFFS ZOFFS

Assigns the properties to the corresponding elements.

OptiStruct/RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Elements Assigns multiple thicknesses to each element, based on the nodal thickness values for that element: -

For tria3 elements, uses attributes: CTRIA3_T1T2T3 CTRIA3_T1 CTRIA3_T2 CTRIA3_T3 CTRIA3_ZOFFS [if requested] ZOFFS [if requested]

-

For quad4 elements, uses attributes: CQUAD4_T1T2T3T4 CQUAD4_T1 CQUAD4_T2 CQUAD4_T3 CQUAD4_T4

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CQUAD4_ZOFFS [if requested] ZOFFS [if requested]

Properties on components Creates new components based on the Organization method. Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns the properties to the corresponding components. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using property attribute PSHELL_T.

-

For tria3 elements, uses z-offset attributes [if requested]: CTRIA3_ZOFFS ZOFFS

-

For quad4 elements, uses z-offset attributes [if requested]: CQUAD4_ZOFFS ZOFFS

Organizes elements into the corresponding components. Clears any element property references for the selected elements.

Properties on elements Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using property attribute PSHELL_T.

-

For tria3 elements, uses z-offset attributes [if requested]: CTRIA3_ZOFFS ZOFFS

-

For quad4 elements, uses z-offset attributes [if requested]: CQUAD4_ZOFFS ZOFFS

Assigns the properties to the corresponding elements.

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PAM-CRASH 2G Elements Assigns a single thickness at the element level based on the Thickness calculation method. -

Uses element attribute ELEM_THK.

Properties on components Creates new components based on the Organization method. Assigns a single thickness to each component based on the Thickness calculation method, using component attribute MAT_THK. Organizes elements into the corresponding components.

PERMAS Properties on components – Nodal values Creates new components based on ordered nodal thickness values. Creates new properties based on ordered nodal thickness values. Assigns the properties to the corresponding components. Assigns multiple thicknesses to each property, using property attributes: ThicknessSelEnumField Thick_value_shell1 Thick_value_shell2 Thick_value_shell3 Thick_value_shell4 Organizes elements into the corresponding components.

Properties on components – all others Creates new components based on the Organization method. Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns the properties to the corresponding components. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using property attributes:

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ThicknessSelEnumField Thick_value_shell1 Organizes elements into the corresponding components.

RADIOSS (Block Format) Elements Assigns a single thickness at the element level based on the Thickness calculation method. -

Uses element attribute THICK.

Properties on components Creates new components based on the Organization method. Creates new properties based on the Organization method. Assigns the properties to the corresponding components. Assigns a single thickness to each property based on the Thickness calculation method, using property attribute THICK. Organizes elements into the corresponding components.

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Quick TetraMesh The Quick TetraMesh macro quickly creates a tetramesh of an enclosed volume defined by geometry and/or elements. Its main objective is to quickly and automatically create a tetramesh that meets the minimum interior angle and minimum element size. During the process of quick tetramesh, the mesh may deviate from the underlying geometry in order to maintain good quality elements. To alleviate this, you can select "sacred elements" so that the tetmeshing function closely follows the original geometry. This macro is accessed on the Geom/Mesh Utility Menu located on the standard Utility Menu, and displays in a new tab in the tab area.

The following options are available in the Quick TetraMesh macro: Volume complist

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be tetra meshed. Surfaces and/or elements can be used to define the volume. Click proceed to finalize the selection. Minimum tria angle

The surface trias from which the tetramesh will be extrapolated will be generated with angles that measure at least this many degrees. Use this control to limit how acute the resulting elements will be.

Maximum feature angle

The maximum feature angle protects nodes on corners with a feature angle greater than the value specified, helping to better maintain the geometry. This applies only to cases where you can maintain features while fixing minimum element size. For example, if two nodes of an element share different features (as in thin steps), the features may not be maintained as they do not pass minimum element criteria.

Maximum reverse angle

The maximum feature angle allowed between normals of adjacent elements. If the feature angle exceeds the given value, two adjacent elements are considered reversed and actions are performed to correct the situation.

Mesh size

Average element size of the mesh to be created.

Minimum edge size

No single edge of any generated element will be shorter than this.

Minimum elem size

Minimum allowable area for any element.

Sacred surface

When element nodes are moved to improved element quality, it gives special preference to trying to keep the nodes on a sacred surface. Note: this does not work if two adjacent surfaces are both marked as sacred!

Sacred elements

These are existing trias that you have created according to your requirements and wish to maintain while tetrameshing the part. This is useful in ensuring that a particular feature is captured exactly the way you want it to be. The tetramesher will not move the nodes of these elements, even if doing so would improve element quality. Note that this setting overrides the float setting in the tet from option, but only for the elements selected as sacred.

Mesh type

The mesh type options are Trias Only and Mixed. With the Mixed mesh type, both trias and quads may be created.

Mesh density

Choose between chordal deviation and uniform. Chordal deviation uses smaller elements along curves, feature lines, and edges to improve accuracy, but requires more computing time. Uniform uses identicallysized elements throughout the mesh, but may produce low-quality elements along such locations.

Tet from

Choose floating, in which the quick tetramesher is free to move nodes in

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a surface tria mesh to achieve better tetra elements based on them, or fixed, in which the mesher must keep the tria mesh unchanged. Mesher

Choose between automesh and batch. This determines the meshing engine used: the one used by the Automesh panel, or the one used by the BatchMesher. The BatchMesher generally produces better results, but does not currently support sacred surfaces or elements, ignores/ replaces existing elements, and always uses uniform density.

Perform mesh cleanup only

When this option is checked, no tetra elements are created and the macro simply goes through the cleanup steps for the shell mesh. Some of the cleanup operations performed are: the suppression of free edges, correction of sliver elements, splitting of elements, and projections onto the original geometry. All the cleanup steps are designed to improve the mesh quality.

Mesh

Perform the quick tetramesh with the specified settings. Note: There is no Undo function! You can, however, attempt to remesh using different settings if you do not like the initial results.

Debug Surface Mesh

A series of tools that help you located problem areas which can cause poor meshing: Find Holes

Locate holes in your model.

Find T-Con

Locate T-connections in the model.

Dihedrals

Locate features in the model that have feature angles greater than 150 degrees.

Attached

Locate entities attached to the selected components.

Try TetraMesh

After making adjustments, click this to re-run the meshing operation on the same components.

Help

Opens a pop-up window with basic information about each control that displays on the tab.

Close

Closes the tab.

The Quick Tetramesh macro meshes the unmeshed surfaces in the model using chordal deviation and fixes all the elements that fail the criteria provided. You can manually mesh some critical geometry and select those elements as sacred elements. These sacred elements need to be trias. As a part of the cleanup, the tool heals small cracks in the model. Suggested process to effectively use quick tetramesh: 1.

Load the geometry.

2.

For critical areas where you want to control the mesh such as bolt holes, manually mesh using chordal

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deviation. Select these elements as sacred elements. This helps to obtain the desired mesh in critical areas. 3.

Launch the Quick Tetramesh macro. Run with the desired mesh size.

4.

Identify problem areas, if any (e.g. any surfaces edges that were ignored, or if mesh in certain areas is not satisfactory).

5.

Use the Delete panel to delete the tetras, then manually mesh problem areas.

6.

Re-launch the Quick Tetramesh macro and select sacred elements to protect.

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Fix 2nd Order Midnodes This macro improves element quality by moving the mid-edge nodes of second order elements. You select the elements on which you want to improve the quality, and specify the quality constraints: Minimum Jacobian (evaluated at the corner nodes or integration points), Minimum Ratio between the minimum and maximum edge length, and Maximum angle. Note:

Moved midnodes are saved to your save list; this persists until you exit the program. In addition, moved midnodes lose any preexistent association with the underlying geometry.

Typical usage of this utility begins with use of the Check Elems panel to identify poorly-formed elements, and using that panel’s save failed option. From that point onward, you use the Fix 2nd Order Midnodes utility: 1.

Open the Fix 2nd Order Midnodes dialog. An element selector and proceed button display in the panel area.

2.

Click the elems selector and select retrieve to load the saved failed elements.

3.

Click proceed. The Fix 2nd Order Midnodes window opens. This pop-up window exists independently of the rest of the environment, so you can click-and-drag it to any desired location.

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The Fix 2nd Order Midnodes w indow .

4.

In the Fix 2nd Order Midnodes dialog, choose your element quality constraints: Choose a maximum angle. The utility will move midnodes such that the angle at the ends of each segment will not deviate from a straight line by more than this amount (thought of another way, the angle between the segments at the midnode will not exceed 180 degrees minus this value). See the screenshot above for an example using a value of 30 degrees. Specify a limit to the Aspect Ratio (minimum versus maximum length for the segments of the midnode-bearing edges). A value of 1 represents perfectly equal segment length, while a length of 0 would mean that the shorter segment might not exist, so this value must be greater than 0, but no greater than 1. Remember that this is a minimum ratio, so a value of 0.5 would allow the shorter segment to be half as long as the longer segment, or longer — but not shorter than half the length of the longer segment. Specify a minimum Jacobian value, and use the radio buttons to determine whether HyperMesh should evaluate each element’s Jacobian at the corner nodes or the integration points.

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Use the allow movement checkbox to tell HyperMesh to keep the boundary nodes on the underlying model geometry, but attempt to improve the Jacobian value by moving internal nodes. If unchecked, the Move off geometry if needed option will be activated automatically. Use the Move along geometry first checkbox to allow nodes on geometry to move along (but not leave) the geometry features before any other node movement occurs. Check Move off geometry if needed to allow HyperMesh to move boundary nodes off of the underlying geometry if a satisfactory Jacobian value cannot be achieved by moving along geometry or moving internal nodes. Note that this feature is always active when Allow movement is unchecked. 5.

Click one of the command buttons to perform an action: Jacobian checks the current selected elements' Jacobian values and displays them in the results area. Apply tells HyperMesh to move the midnodes to try to match the criteria you specified. Reject undoes any changes made when you pressed apply. Close closes the Fix 2nd Order Midnodes dialog.

When you click Apply, a message displays under the Results heading to inform you of exactly what HyperMesh did to the mesh. The images below illustrate the before-and-after state of a specific midnode and the criteria used, as well as the overall results:

Before clicking Apply

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After clicking Apply

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Add Washer This utility creates one or more layers of washer elements around a circular hole in an existing mesh. When you click the add washer button, a temporary panel in the panel area allows you to pick a single node from the edge of a hole.

Once you do so and click proceed, all nodes on the hole are selected automatically and the utility opens.

The utility automatically determines the Hole radius. You can specify a Number of layers of concentric washer elements to add around the hole.

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If you choose to add more than one layer, you can also choose whether or not to have all layers be Uniform in width, or to allow them to have Varying widths from one another. If you choose Varying, each layer displays separately in the table below this option, allowing you to specify a different value for each layer. Each layer of elements can be given a specific Width (the size of the elements) or a Scale (a factor of the hole's radius--i.e. using a scale of 1.0 produces washer elements whose size is the same as the hole's radius).

Mesh size 5, 2 w asher layers of w idth 2.

Mesh size 5, 1 w asher layer of scale 1.0.

Finally, you can select a few creation options: Create rigid spider along hole:

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Create local coordinate system:

Minimum number of nodes around hole: Prevents the washer from using fewer nodes than this around the hole, in order to maintain a desired level of granularity. Note that a larger number than this may be generated in order to generate a uniform mesh of washer elements, particularly when using smaller numbers for the minimum. When active, this also enables the Density numeric box, which lets you specify the exact minimum number. Click Add to create the washer layers. If the results are not acceptable, click Reject and alter your settings.

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Trim Hole Macro This function creates a circular hole of a given radius in the mesh at a node specifying the center of the hole. You can also specify a number of layers of washer elements to include. Clicking Trim Hole opens a nodes selector panel. Pick nodes on your model for the centers of each hole that you wish to create, then click proceed. A dialog opens:

The options in the Mesh Trimming with Circular Holes dialog determine the type of hole that is created at each chosen node: Hole radius

Each node will receive a hole of this radius, measured from the node.

Number of layers

This is the number of layers of washer mesh elements that you want to surround each hole.

Uniform/Varying

This toggle only applies when the number of layers is more than zero, and specifies whether you want mesh layers to all be the same width, or to vary from one another.

No.

The number of a specific washer layer. If you chose varying width for the layers, the table displays one row for each of the number of layers that you specified. Otherwise, only one row displays because all layers will be set to the same values.

Scale/Width

Determines the width of the washer layers.

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Scale: you can specify each layer’s scale relative to the Hole radius. For example, use "0.5" for a washer layer that’s half as wide as the hole radius. Width: specify a fixed width for each layer. Value

The scale factor or width of the layer(s).

Create rigid spider along This checkbox will create a rigid spider in each of the new holes created, the hole and enables two more options: Choose individual rigid links to create rigid elements at each node of the new hole. Choose single rigid link to create one rigid element that connects to all of the nodes around the new hole. Minimum number of nodes around the hole

This determines the mesh density around the new hole(s). Each new hole will be created with at least the number of nodes that you specify in the density field, evenly spaced around its circumference.

Trim

Click this button to create the new hole(s).

Reject

If you don’t like the results of the last trim operation, click this button to undo it. Note that this only undoes a single click of the trim button, so it can only undo multiple holes if they were created simultaneously during a single trim operation.

Close

Close the Mesh Trimming with Circular Holes dialog.

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Fill Hole Macro The Fill Hole dialog fills in one or more holes in your geometry with automatically-generated mesh. Note:

This macro does not remove any rigid spiders that currently fill the hole; if necessary, delete the rigid spider before using this macro.

When you open the Fill Hole function, a new dialog opens:

There are two methods of filling holes: Manual

Use this option to select the holes that you wish to fill: 1.

Click the yellow Select Nodes button. The panel area is once again displayed, with a nodes selector active.

2.

Select nodes on the edges of the holes that you wish to fill.

3.

Click proceed in the panel area. The Filling holes with mesh dialog returns, with the Select Nodes button now green to indicate that nodes have been chosen.

4.

Click the Fill button to fill the selected holes with mesh.

Automatic

Use this option to select holes automatically based on size. Type a value into the entry field labeled Fill circular holes with radius smaller than:. The model is automatically scanned for holes smaller than this value, and attempt to fill them with mesh.

Fill

Click this button to perform the fill operation, whether you choose to select your holes manually or automatically.

Reject

If you don’t like the results of the last fill operation, click this button to undo it. Note that this only undoes a single click of the fill button, so it can only undo multiple fills if they were created simultaneously during a single fill operation.

Close

Close the Filling holes with mesh dialog.

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Box Trim Macro The Box Trim macro allows you to trim the model (or selected subset) along the global axis to fit the selected 3-D box. For example, a full car model can be trimmed along the Y=0 axis to obtain the left or right side of the car. The selected model can be trimmed along eight standard types: left

Split the model along global Y=ymiddle and save the model between Y=ymin and Y= ymiddle (ymiddle =(ymin+ymax)/2).

right

Split the model along global Y=ymiddle and save the model between Y= ymiddle and Y=ymax.

front

Split the model along global X=value (selected value) and save the model between X=xmin and X=value.

rear

Split the model along global X=value (selected value) and save the model between X=value and X=xmax.

frontleft

Split the model along global Y=ymiddle and X=value (selected value) and save the model between Y=ymin and Y=ymiddle, and X=xmin and X=value.

frontright

Split the model along global Y=0.0 and X=value (selected value) and save the model between Y=0.0 and Y=ymax, and X=xmin and X=value.

rearleft

Split the model along global Y=0.0 and X=value (selected value), and save the model between Y=ymin and Y=0.0, and X=value and X=xmax.

rearright

Split the model along global Y=0.0 and X=value (selected value) and save the model between Y=0.0 and Y=ymax, and X=value and X=xmax.

This macro is useful in applications where some types of analysis can be performed on one-half (or quarter) of the model using symmetry boundary conditions. The axis directions and terminology are based on modeling standards in the automotive industry.

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The model can also be trimmed using custom box by either selecting the two corner nodes or center node and dimensions. Note

This macro is for the 1st order plate elements only.

To box trim a model: 1.

Open the Box Trim function.

2.

Using the extended entity selection, select the elements you would like to trim and click proceed or the middle mouse button.

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If no elements are selected, all displayed elements are selected. 3.

From the Box Trim dialog, choose the appropriate option from the Box trim type: menu. If you select a standard type, select the node/enter value for trim location. If you select custom, define the box by either selecting two corner nodes (Corners) or selecting the center node and dimensions (Distance from center). If you select Corners, click the icon, and Z bounds of the box.

, and select the two corner nodes that define the outer X, Y

If you select Distance from center, click the icon, , and select the center node. Then enter Delta X, Delta Y and Delta Z values which is the distance from the center node to the outer bounds of the box in global X, Y and Z directions. 4.

You can turn on the option of creating constraints (SPCs) for all the nodes along the face of the box. The nodes are constrained in the appropriate directions depending on the trim axes and are stored in the specified load collector (SPC collector). If no load collector is specified, the constraints are created in the current load collector.

5.

You can also specify a Box collector. A large hexa element that represents the box will be created for visualization in the specified collector.

6.

Click Trim. (Reject will undo all the above.)

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Bead utility Use this utility to add a bead between two points in a mesh. Note that if you need to make a curved bead, or a bead across jointed or highly-curved components, this is best accomplished with the sculpting tools in HyperMorph's Freehand panel. However, the bead utility presents a quick and easy way to create simple linear beads, such as those used to initiate crumple zones in vehicular crash mitigation. Beads can be of any height or radius, and can be sharp (curved or angled along the top) or flat (raised from the surface, but flat along the top.) However, this distinction will only be apparent if the radius and height are relatively close to the existing element size.

Radius 20, height 5, either sharp or flat, w ith mesh size 8

Radius 10, height 5, sharp, w ith mesh size 8

Radius 10, height 5, flat, w ith mesh size 8

When you select the bead utility, a temporary panel in the panel area allows you to pick two nodes to define the beginning and end of the bead. Only two nodes are supported by this tool. Once you select the nodes and proceed, the panel closes and the bead utility opens in a new dialog window.

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This dialog allows you to specify several bead characteristics: Bead radius determined the width of the bead at its base. It's best to base this to some degree on the existing element size. Bead height is how far the bead rises above the mesh on which the end nodes reside. The Bead shape determines whether the bead has a flat top, or a peaked or rounded one. When the characteristics are set, click Create to generate the bead. If the results are not satisfactory, click Reject and change the characteristics, then create again. If you need to change the start and end nodes, you will need to Reject any bead already created, Close the utility, and then re-open it to select new nodes.

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Fix Sliver Tetra Elements Sliver Elements are tetrahedral elements which are so flattened that all of its nodes are very close to planar. If the element's Aspect Ratio (the ratio of its maximum length to its minimum length) is high, the element is a wedge; otherwise, it's a sliver.

This sliver is nearly flat in the horizontal plane, w hile this w edge is nearly flat in the vertical plane.

The Fix Sliver Elements tool attempts to improve the element quality of slivers and wedges by moving or merging nodes. When you click Fix Sliver Elements, you will first be prompted to select a set of elements to fix. Once you do so and proceed, a new window opens which contains the tools and settings for fixing slivers and wedges.

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There are many criteria that you can consider in fixing such elements, each of which is drawn from the Criteria File Editor. fix sliver tetras

If left unselected, slivers will not be fixed.

fix wedge tetras

If left unselected, wedges will not be fixed.

permit moving internal nodesThis option moves internal nodes of each element to improve quality. This does not apply to mesh boundary nodes. boundary nodes: permit moving

This option moves boundary nodes of each element to improve quality, and may result in deviations from the base geometry features.

boundary nodes: permit adding/deleting

Wedge elements are fixed by merging the nodes of their shortest edge. However, if the short edge includes boundary nodes, the wedge will not be fixed unless you activate this option (by default it is not active).

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Aspect Ratio

The ratio of the longest edge of an element to its shortest edge.

Tet collapse

Tetra collapse is calculated by the following procedure. At each of the four nodes of the tetra, the distance from the node to the opposite side of the element is divided by the square root of the area of the opposite side. The minimum value found is normalized by dividing it by 1.24, and then reported. As the tetra collapses, this value approaches 0.0. For a perfect tetra, this value is 1.0.

Vol Skew

Volumetric skew is calculated by the following procedure. A sphere is fit through the four nodes of the tetra. That sphere defines an ideally shaped equilateral tetra, whose volume is tetra element is then calculated.

. The actual volume of the

The element's volumetric skew is then (Videal -Vactual)/Videal. This measure will, normally, equal the skew measure from Tgrid, and equal 1 minus the equivalent check in Abaqus. Skew

Skew applies to trias, so in this case it's applied to the faces of a tetrahedron. In trias is calculated by finding the minimum angle between the vector from each node to the opposing mid-side and the vector between the two adjacent mid-sides at each node of the element. Ninety degrees minus the minimum angle found is reported as the skew.

Vol AR

Vol AR for tetrahedral elements is calculated using the following procedure: first it finds the longest edge of the tetrahedron, then it finds the shortest altitude of the tetrahedron. The element's Vol AR, then, is the length of the longest edge divided by the length of the shortest altitude. For other types of 3d element, the ratio of the longest to the shortest edge is reported.

Warpage

The amount by which an element or element face (in the case of solid elements) deviates from being planar. Warpage of up to five degrees is generally acceptable.

Min Interior Angle

The minimum allowable interior angle for the tria face of a tetra element.

Max Interior Angle

The maximum allowable interior angle for the tria face of a tetra element.

Jacobian

A measure of the deviation of an element from an ideally shaped element. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. However, Jacobian values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space required to fit it onto global coordinate space. HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points), and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest.

Time Limit (minutes)

You can specify a time limit on the attempts to fix the mesh. Note that a low time limit might prove insufficient in a large mesh with many features, wedges, and/or slivers, especially if the mesh is not permitted to deviate from the features (e.g. the "permit moving nodes" options are not checked).

Edit Criteria

Access the Criteria File Editor to change the element quality requirements.

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Check

Examine the mesh and count the number of bad elements, according to the criteria supplied (Jacobian, Volume Skew, etc.) The results display in the Results: area.

Fix

Begin the fix process. The mesh is scanned and the program will try to fix as many elements as it can in accordance with the specified settings and criteria. You can abort the fix attempt early by clicking holding down the right-mouse button. Note that there can be a significant delay before HyperMesh finishes its current fix attempts and stops processing.

Reject

If the results of the fixes are unacceptable, click this to revert the mesh to its pre-fixed state. Note

Close

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You can only undo one fix operation this way--you cannot "back up" more than one step!

Close the Fix Sliver Tetra Elements tool.

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Abaqus Utility Menu The following macros are included on the Abaqus page of the Utility Menu when you load the Abaqus user profile.

Utility

Description

Solid Face Alignment

Applies to templates: Standard3D, Explicit

Align Faces

Determines the default stack or thickness direction for Abaqus composite solid, gasket and continuum shell elements.

Review

The Review button opens the HyperMesh element selector panel and allows you to pick solid elements. Selected elements are highlighted. When you click proceed, it highlights the face1 of selected solids and draws an arrow along the default stack (or thickness) direction of selected solids.

Reset

The Reset button deletes the stack (or thickness) direction arrows.

Dummy

Applies to templates: Explicit

Positioning Process Manager

Tool that guides you through a workflow of positioning a dummy in a seat.

Tools

Applies to templates: Standard2D, Standard3D, Explicit

Step Manager

Activates the Abaqus Step Manager, which allows you to define Abaqus history (*STEP) information in HyperMesh.

Contact Manager

Activates the Abaqus Contact Manager, which allows you to create, edit and review the following cards in HyperMesh: *CONTACT *CONTACT DAMPING *CONTACT PAIR *FRICTION *PRE-TENSION SECTION *SHELL TO SOLID COUPLING *SURFACE, TYPE = ELEMENT *SURFACE, TYPE = NODE

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Utility

Description *SURFACE, COMBINE *SURFACE, CROP *SURFACE, TYPE = CUTTING SURFACE *SURFACE, TYPE = CYLINDER, REVOLUTION or SEGMENTS *SURFACE INTERACTION *SURFACE BEHAVIOR *TIE

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Contact Manager The Abaqus Contact Manager allows you to create, edit and review the following cards in HyperMesh: *CONTACT *CONTACT DAMPING *CONTACT PAIR *FRICTION *PRE-TENSION SECTION *SHELL TO SOLID COUPLING *SURFACE, TYPE = ELEMENT *SURFACE, TYPE = NODE *SURFACE, COMBINE *SURFACE, CROP *SURFACE, TYPE = CUTTING SURFACE *SURFACE, TYPE = CYLINDER, REVOLUTION or SEGMENTS *SURFACE INTERACTION *SURFACE BEHAVIOR *TIE The Abaqus Contact Manager is organized into three main tabs: Interface Surface Surface Interaction

To start the Contact Manager: 1.

Load the Abaqus user profile.

2.

Click Contact Manager in the Abaqus Utility Menu.

The following rules apply when you are using the Abaqus Contact Manager. When the Contact Manager window is minimized or it is behind the HyperMesh window, restore it by clicking the Contact Manager button in the Abaqus Utility Menu. To display the bubble help for a button, place the cursor over the button for a few moments. Double click on the interface, surface and surface interaction names in the table to open the corresponding edit windows. Right click on the names to display pull-down menu options.

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Table columns can be resized by positioning the cursor along a column border, pressing the left or right mouse button, and dragging the border to a new position. The shift and ctrl keys can be used with a left mouse click to select multiple items in a table. Press ctrl and the left or right arrow key to move the cursor within the active cell. Use the left, right, up and down arrows to change the active cell. Right click on the Review button to clear the review selections. If you create, update or delete components, groups, properties, or entity sets from HyperMesh panels while the Contact Manager is open, click the Sync button to update the Contact Manager with the new changes. In the Friction and Surface Behavior tables, right click in the tables to display a pull-down menu containing copy, cut and paste options. Comma delimited data can be copied, cut, or pasted in these tables. Relevant hot keys, for example, ctrl-c, ctrl-x, and ctrl-v on PC, will also work. In some fields in the Contact Manager, you can access the Entity Browser, which is available via the … button. The Entity Browser makes it more convenient to view and sort long lists of components or other entities when selecting them for the field.

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Interface Tab The Interface tab contains a description of the *CONTACT PAIR, *TIE, *PRE-TENSION SECTION, *CONTACT, and *SHELL TO SOLID COUPLING cards with corresponding surfaces and surface interactions. You can create, edit, review, and delete interfaces from this tab. You can also edit, review, and delete surfaces and surface interactions that are displayed on this tab.

The Interface table contains the following columns:

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Name

The contact interface names. These names are not exported to the Abaqus input file. They are useful for identifying the various interfaces in HyperMesh.

Interface Type

The interface types. The currently supported types are contact pair, tie, pre-tension section, general contact, and shell to solid coupling.

Slave

The names of the slave surfaces in Abaqus Standard (or the first surface in Abaqus Explicit).

Master

The names of the master surfaces in Abaqus Standard (or the second surface in Abaqus Explicit).

Surface Interaction

The names of the surface interaction properties.

Slave display

The display on/off check boxes and color change buttons for the surfaces shown in the Slave column. The color can be changed by clicking the color button and selecting a color from the menu.

Master display

The display on/off check boxes and color change buttons for the surfaces shown in the Master column. The color can be changed by clicking the color button and selecting a color from the menu.

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Note: The display on/off check boxes and color change buttons are disabled if the corresponding surface is defined with sets and no displays are created for them. Double click on the interface, surface, and surface interaction names in the table to open the corresponding edit windows. Right click on a name to display menu options. Right click on an interface, surface, and surface interaction name to display menu options. The available options are: - Edit - Delete - Swap Master-Slave - Swap CP-Tie - Review - Review with underlying entity - Reset review - Review Options (Review by Highlighting, Review by Color Change, Transparency, and Grey Color) - Display All - Display None - Display Reverse - Draw Rigid Surfaces The Edit, Review, Delete, Display All, Display None and Display Reverse options work like the corresponding buttons (described below). Review with underlying entity highlights the surface along with the attached elements (or nodes). The Reset review button clears the review selections. Table columns can be resized by positioning the cursor along a column border, pressing the left or right mouse button, and dragging the border to a new position. The shift or ctrl key and a left click can be used to select multiple items in a table.

The Interface tab contains the following buttons: Auto

Launches the Auto Contact dialog that allows you to quickly and easily create interactions between several parts of your model.

New ...

Opens the Create New Interface dialog in which you enter the name and type of the new interface. The Same as: option allows you to create an interface by copying from an existing interface. The Create... button in this dialog creates the interface and opens the corresponding Contact Pair, Tie, Pre-Tension Section or Shell to Solid Coupling dialog.

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Edit ...

Opens the corresponding dialog for editing the selected interface, surface, or surface interaction.

Review

Reviews the selected interface, surface, or surface interaction as follows: For surfaces, the selected surface is highlighted in red in the HyperMesh window. If the surface is defined with sets, the underlying elements are highlighted. A right-click on the Review button clears the review selections. For interface types, corresponding slave and master surfaces are highlighted in red and blue in the HyperMesh window. A right-click on the Review button clears the review selections. For surface interactions, the names of all interfaces using the selected surface interaction in the table are highlighted. There is no graphical review in the HyperMesh window for surface interaction.

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Delete

Deletes the selected interfaces, surfaces, or surface interactions. You can delete single or multiple selections from the table.

Rename

Rename the selected interface, surface, or surface interaction.

Sync

Updates the Contact Manager with the current HyperMesh database. If you manually create, update, or delete components, groups, properties, or entity sets from HyperMesh panels while the Contact Manager is open, click the Sync button to update the Contact Manager with the new changes.

Close

Closes the Contact Manager.

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Help

Invokes the online help for Abaqus Contact Manager.

See also Contact Pair Pre-Tension Section Tie General Contact Auto Contact Abaqus Contact Manager

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Contact Pair The Contact Pair dialog allows you to define the *CONTACT PAIR card. Options vary according to the active template. There are two tabs in this dialog. Define Parameter

The Contact Pair dialog contains the following buttons: OK

Updates the HyperMesh database with the changes and closes the Contact Pair dialog.

Apply

Updates the HyperMesh database with the changes without closing the Contact Pair dialog.

Cancel

Closes the Contact Pair dialog without updates.

See also Pre-Tension Section Tie Auto Contact Element Based Surface Node Based Surface

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Surface Combine or Crop Cutting Surface Analytical Rigid Surface Surface Interaction General Contact Abaqus Contact Manager

The Define tab allows you to select the slave surface, master surface, and surface interaction for the *CONTACT PAIR card. You can also review the selected surfaces or create new ones.

The Define Tab contains the following options: Auto-generated surface Select this option for HyperMesh to automatically generate *SURFACE from component cards from a selected component. When this option is selected, the Surface: field becomes a Component: field, and you can select a component from the adjacent drop-down list. Click Slave>> or Master>> to add them to the table of included surfaces as slave or master, respectively. Surface

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The Surface: field contains a list of the existing surfaces. Select a slave surface from the list or use the … button to open the Entity Browser to select a surface.

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Click the Slave>> button to add the surface as a slave to the table of selected surfaces. Click the Master>> button to add the surface as a master. Click Remove>> to remove any selected surface from the table. You can add multiple sets of surfaces to the table. Click the New button to create a new surface. Once you have specified the surface properties, the surface appears in the drop-down list, where you can select it and add it to the table. For a description of defining surfaces, see Element Based Surface or Node Based Surface. The Review button highlights the selected slave surface in red and displays it through solid mesh in performance graphics in the HyperMesh window. If the surface is defined with sets, the underlying elements are highlighted. Right click on Review to clear the review selections. Interaction

The Interaction: field contains a list of the existing surface interaction properties. You can select a surface interaction from the list. You can also use the … button to open the Entity Browser to select a surface. The New button opens the Create New Surface Interaction dialog for creating a new surface interaction. When the new surface interaction has been defined, the Contact Pair dialog reflects the newly-created surface interaction as the interaction of the contact pair. For a description of defining surface interactions, see Surface Interaction. Note:

The surface interaction is optional in explicit template. The Define tab will show a Surface interaction check box if the explicit template is loaded. This option should be checked first if a surface interaction property is intended for the contact pair card.

Note that if you create multiple pairs of contacts, they will appear on the Interface tab in separate entries using the same name.

The Parameter tab allows you to define optional parameters for the contact pair card. Options vary according to the template loaded. The supported parameters are: For Standard.3d/2d template

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Adjust, Extension Zone, Smooth, Hcrit, Tied, Small sliding and Type. When the Type field is set to SURFACE TO SURFACE, the Geometric Correction field becomes activated. See the Abaqus Online Documentation for a detailed description of these parameters.

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For Explicit template

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Mechanical constraint, CPSET, OP, Weight, and Small sliding. See the Abaqus Online Documentation for a detailed description of these parameters.

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Tie The Tie dialog allows you to define the *TIE card. This dialog contains two tabs: Define Parameter

The Tie dialog contains the following buttons: OK

Updates the HyperMesh database with the changes and closes the Tie dialog.

Apply

Updates the HyperMesh database with the changes without closing the Tie dialog.

Cancel

Closes the Tie dialog without updates.

See also Contact Pair Pre-Tension Section Auto Contact Element Based Surface Node Based Surface

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The Define tab allows you to select slave surface and master surface for the *TIE card. You can also review the selected surfaces or create new ones.

The Define Tab contains the following options: Auto-generated surface from component

Select this option for HyperMesh to automatically generate *SURFACE cards from a selected component. When this option is selected, the Surface: field becomes a Component: field, and you can select a component from the adjacent drop-down list. Click Slave>> or Master>> to add them to the table of included surfaces as slave or master, respectively.

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Select slave surface

Select this option for HyperMesh to automatically generate *SURFACE cards from a selected component. When this option is selected, the Surface: field becomes a Component: field, and you can select a component from the adjacent drop-down list. Click Slave>> or Master>> to add them to the table of included surfaces as slave or master, respectively.

Select master surface

The Surface: field contains a list of the existing surfaces. Select a slave surface from the list or use the … button to open the Entity Browser to select a surface. Click the Slave>> button to add the surface as a slave to the table of selected surfaces. Click the Master>> button to add the surface as a master. Click Remove>> to remove any selected surface from the table. You can add multiple sets of surfaces to the table. Click the New button to create a new surface. Once you have specified the surface properties, the surface appears in the drop-down list, where you can select it and add it to the table. For a description of defining surfaces, see Element Based Surface or Node Based Surface. The Review button highlights the selected slave surface in white and displays it through solid mesh in performance graphics in the HyperMesh window. If the surface is defined with sets, the underlying elements are highlighted. Right click on Review to clear the review selections.

Note that if you create multiple pairs of ties, they will appear on the Interface tab in separate entries using the same name.

The Parameter tab allows you to define optional parameters for the *TIE card. Explicit:

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Standard2D/Standard3D:

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The supported parameters are: Position tolerance, Tied nset, Cyclic symmetry (standard only), Constraint ratio, No rotation, Adjust, No Thickness and Type. The Position tolerance and Tied nset are optional mutually exclusive parameters. Select None if you do not want to select either of them. See the Abaqus Online Documentation for detailed descriptions of these parameters. Tied nset Selection The Tied nset menu contains a list of existing node sets. You can select a node set from the list.

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Review Set button

The Review Set button reviews the selected node set by highlighting it in the HyperMesh window.

Create/Edit Set button

The Create/Edit Set button opens the Entity Sets panel in HyperMesh. When you finish creating/editing the set, click return. The Tie window is updated with the new set displayed in node set list.

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Pre-Tension Section The Pre-Tension Section dialog allows you to define the *PRE-TENSION SECTION card. This dialog contains two tabs: Define Parameter

The Pre-Tension Section dialog contains the following buttons: OK

Updates the HyperMesh database with the changes and closes the Pre-tension Section dialog.

Apply

Updates the HyperMesh database with the changes without closing the Pretension Section dialog.

Cancel

Closes the Pre-tension Section dialog without updates.

See also Contact Pair Tie

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Auto Contact Element Based Surface Node Based Surface Surface Combine or Crop Cutting Surface Analytical Rigid Surface Surface Interaction General Contact Abaqus Contact Manager

The Define tab allows you to select the pre-tension node ID and element ID for beam or truss element or the surface for the *PRE-TENSION SECTION card. You can also review the selected surface or create a new one.

The Define tab contains the following options: Pre-tension node

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Pick Node allows you to pick a node graphically, or you can enter a node number in the text box.

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Review highlights the selected node in the window. Element

This option is valid for beam or truss elements only. It is mutually exclusive to the Select surface option. Pick Element allows you to select an element graphically, or you can enter an element number in the text box. Review highlights the selected element in the window.

Select surface

The Select surface menu contains a list of the existing surfaces. You can select a surface from the list. Review highlights the selected surface in white and displays it through solid mesh in performance graphics in the window. If the surface is defined with sets, the underlying elements are highlighted. Create New opens the Create New Surface dialog for creating a new surface. When the new surface has been defined, the Pre-Tension Section dialog reflects the newly created surface. For a description of defining surfaces, see Element Based Surface or Node Based Surface.

Note:

Right click on Review to clear the review selections in the graphic area.

The Parameter tab allows you to define optional data lines for the *PRE-TENSION SECTION card.

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Check Dataline to activate all three input boxes for the first, second, and third component of the normal. See the Abaqus Online Documentation for a detailed description of these items. Click the Define by vector button to define the values in the input boxes by a vector. To create a vector, click the Create/Edit vector.. button. Note:

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The NSET parameter is currently only supported on the card image.

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Shell to Solid Coupling The Shell to Solid Coupling dialog allows you to define the *SHELL TO SOLID COUPLING card. There are two tabs in this dialog. Define Parameter

The Contact Pair dialog contains the following buttons:

OK

Updates the database with the changes and closes the dialog.

Apply

Updates the database with the changes without closing the dialog.

Cancel

Closes the dialog without updates.

The Define tab allows you to select the slave surface, master surface, and surface interaction for the *SHELL TO SOLID COUPLING card. You can also review the selected surfaces or create new ones.

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The Define tab contains the following options: Surface

The Surface: field contains a list of the existing surfaces. Select a slave surface from the list or use the … button to open the Entity Browser to select a surface. Click the Slave>> button to add the surface as a slave to the table of selected surfaces. Click the Master>> button to add the surface as a master. Click . The Contact Material dialog opens.

26. To define a new material, click New under Define Material. Enter a name in the Name: field and enter values in the other fields. Select None to skip defining a material. Click Next >. 27. Click Next >. The Summary window opens. A summary of the target and contact elements is shown. 28. Click Exit to close the Contact Manager, or click the Restart button to step through the process again. The contact pair just created is now displayed in the ANSYS Contact Manager dialog.

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See also Auto Contact - ANSYS Interface To Set Up an Auto Contact Run Auto Contact Browser Modifying Auto Contact Entities

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Auto Contact - ANSYS Interface Auto Contact is functionality within the ANSYS user profile that allows you to quickly and easily create interactions between several parts of your model. Based on a proximity distance, Auto Contact will search the model and automatically define contact elements from identified components. The interactions and surfaces are placed into a temporary Auto Contact Browser, where you can review the pairs and make adjustments as needed. Each contact element pair will be created with a contact and target element on each selected element surface. Contact element options (ET types) and contact property (REAL sets) are simultaneously created with the contact pair assigning default values. You have to edit these options and properties using the Contact Manager’s edit options if you want to assign different values other than the default. Similar properties (REAL sets) are shared by both contact and target elements. Material cards are also generated during the contact pair creation. You have to edit the material card to set the correct material property values. Currently, only surface to surface 3D contact elements can be created. Future releases will be enhanced to add other contact element types.

The Auto Contact dialog contains the following buttons:

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Find

Searches the model for interacting components

Cancel

Closes the Contact Pair dialog without updates

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Remove Selection icon

Removes selected components from the table. You can use the CTRL and Shift key to select multiple items in the table.

Review Selection icon

Highlights the selected component in the graphic area. All other components are grayed out. You can use the CTRL and Shift key to select multiple items in the table. Right-click to return the model to normal display.

Help icon

Opens the Auto Contact online help.

See also ANSYS Contact Manager To Set Up an Auto Contact Run Auto Contact Browser Modifying Auto Contact Entities

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To Set Up an Auto Contact Run 1.

Load the Ansys user profile.

2.

Click Contact Manager in the ANSYS Utility Menu.

3.

Click Auto. This opens the Auto Contact dialog.

4.

In the Contact Type: field, select the type of contact pair to create.

5.

Click the yellow components button to select your components. The components are automatically placed in the Component table in the Auto Contact dialog.

The proximity distance is the maximum distance between two selected components. When you create the pair, any surfaces that are farther away than the value entered here will not be created as a contact pair. The default value is zero.

6.

In the Maximum reverse angle field, enter a value. If the angle between two normals of elements or element faces exceeds this value, the element will not be added to the master or slave surface.

7.

Click Find. The status bar activates and the Auto Contact Browser opens.

8.

Use the Auto Contact Browser to make any necessary adjustments to the interface and surfaces. When finished modifying, click Create. The interfaces and surfaces marked as Accepted are created. The Contact Manager window reopens with the new information listed.

See also ANSYS Contact Manager Auto Contact

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Auto Contact Browser Modifying Auto Contact Entities

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Auto Contact Browser The Auto Contact Browser provides options for viewing and modifying the contact pairs identified in the Auto Contact process. It contains the following columns: Name

Lists the name of the interfaces, surfaces and surface interactions that were assigned. Underneath the interface name are the temporary surfaces included in that interface. Red indicates a slave surface, and blue indicates a master surface.

Accept

When the Accept box is checked, the Interface will be included in the creation process.

Color

Color assigned to the interaction and surfaces

ET Type

ET Type

Real Set Mat

Material assigned

The Auto Contact Browser contains the following icons: Options icon

This opens the Options dialog.

Enter a new feature angle or customize the transparency for a selected entity. Click OK when finished.

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Highlight Elements icon

Highlights the elements stored in selected entities in the graphics window. You can use the CTRL and Shift key to select multiple items in the table.

Review

Review of elements stored in the selected entities. Elements are highlighted

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Elements icon

by color; all other components are grayed out. You can use the CTRL and Shift key to select multiple items in the table. Review and Highlight are mutually exclusive. It is also possible to switch both options off. This is helpful when working with big models.

Fit View to Elements icon

Automatically zooms in to the elements stored in the currently selected items.

Display All Elements icon

In combination with the Highlight Elements or the Review Elements option, current contents remain unchanged on the screen.

Display Components with Elements icon

Highlights or reviews the elements referred by an interaction or surfaces and shows the components they belong to. All other components will be masked.

Display Only Elements icon

Only elements are highlighted or reviewed. The rest of the component and other components will be masked.

Select Elements Manually icon

Opens the Element selection panel so that individual elements can be added/ removed manually. Click proceed when finished.

Add by Adjacent icon

Adds the elements adjacent to the surface to the selected surface. Right-click to undo one time.

Add by Face icon

Adds the adjacent face to the selected surface. Right-click to undo one time.

Recheck icon

Opens the Auto Contact dialog to recheck the select interfaces. Recheck will either add more contacts to the existing contacts for modify the existing ones. You can select interfaces from the browser, and the GUI will automatically populate the components that the interaction was based on. This helps modify an existing interface.

See also ANSYS Contact Manger Auto Contact - ANSYS Interface To Set Up an Auto Contact Run Auto Contact Browser Modifying Auto Contact Entities

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Modifying Auto Contact Entities Right-clicking on an item in the Auto Contact Browser displays a context sensitive menu which offers options for modifying the surfaces and contact pairs. Rename

Rename an existing entry.

Delete

Delete items from the browser.

Swap Master - Slave

Allows you to switch the surfaces identified as master and slave. When selected, you will see the surfaces flip from the master/slave positions in the browser. Select multiple entities by using the CRTL and Shift keys when clicking on entities.

Edit Faces

Allows you to manually edit the faces of the surfaces. This opens the elements selection panel where you can select and deselect the elements to include on the face of the surface.

Add by Adjacent

Adds adjacent elements to the selected surface.

Add by Face

Adds all elements to a selected surface, until the feature angle exceeds the value (the feature angle can by set by clicking the Options icon).

Accept All/None

Automatically accept or reject all items in the Auto Contact Browser.

Reverse

Reverses the current selections in the Accept column.

Expand All/ Collapse

Expands or collapses folders in the Auto Contact Browser.

See also ANSYS Contact Manger Auto Contact - ANSYS Interface To Set Up an Auto Contact Run Auto Contact Browser

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Modal Analysis Tool The Modal Analysis Setup tool can be used to set the modal analysis in the model. You can use this tool to define modal analysis cards, such as extraction methods, frequency range, modes to expand, iterative solver tolerance, modes significance level and solution control options. All commonly used cards and options for modal analysis in the ANSYS solver are listed in the dialog. You do not need to search for relevant cards in the control card list, and you do not need to know the control cards that are used for modal analysis. All other implied ANSYS cards, such as /SOLU, SOLVE are set up automatically. If any option or card is not required, then default values will be exported. For example: in the image shown below, if Mass and stiffness matrix multiplier value need not required If Modal analysis needs to be carried out in the ANSYS solver, this dialog needs to be set up before exporting the model to an ANSYS deck . This GUI can be accessed in HyperMesh from the Tools menu by selecting Analysis Setup.

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LS-DYNA Utility Menu The LS-DYNA Utility Menu on the Utility tab is automatically loaded when you select the LsDyna user profile, and contains shortcuts and tools that can help simplify LS-DYNA tasks. Set the user profile from the User Profiles... option of the Preferences pull-down menu. The LsDyna user profile sets the FE input reader to DYNA KEY and loads the dyna.key (ver 971) FE output template and LS-DYNA Utility Menu. Also, the graphical user interface becomes LS-DYNA focused, renaming or removing some panels and/or options. The entire ALE Setup is available only when the LsDyna user profile is loaded.

Tools Menu The LS-DYNA Utility Menu contains a Tools menu in addition to the standard HyperMesh Utility Menu. This menu includes special time-saving setup macros and other features that are specific to an LS-DYNA analysis. The following macros are available: Error Check

Checks the LS-DYNA data deck for errors.

Part Info

Displays statistics of a selected part.

Name Mapping

Converts differing part names to either the HyperMesh name or the LSDYNA name.

Clone Part

Creates a new part from the properties of an existing part.

Create Part

Creates a new component quickly.

Part Replacement

This macro allows you to replace the elements in an existing component (*PART) with new elements.

Convert To Rigid

This macro converts a selected portion of elements to rigid. It performs the following: Organizes elements to rigid components Creates and assigns the required *MAT_RIGID cards Converts welds to *CONSTRAINED_EXTRA_NODES See Convert To Rigid Flow Chart and Use the Convert To Rigid macro

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Find free

Finds the welds (*Constained_Spotweld), rigids (*Constrained_Node_Sets & *Constrained_Nodal_RigidBody), and rigidlinks (*Constrained_Node_Sets and *Constrained_Nodal_RigidBody), and checks if any of its nodes are free (not connected to any other entities). The display is cleared and then only free 1d elements are displayed.

Find Fix Free

Finds the welds, rigids, and rigidlinks that are free as described above (

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Find free macro) and corrects them. These elements are corrected as follows: All 2-noded rigid and weld elements that have one free node are deleted. For the rigidlink elements that have free nodes, those nodes are removed from the rigidlink element. A check is performed for any rigidlinks with only one node and they are deleted. Fix Incorrect

Finds: Rigid elements (rigids, welds) that are connected to other rigids and combines them into one rigid element. Rigid elements that are connected to other xtra_nodes_to_rigidbodies and converts them to xtra_nodes. Rigid elements connected directly to rigid component (MAT 20) will be converted to xtra_nodes.

RLs With Sets

The macro, RLs with Sets, finds all the rigid and rigidlink elements that are not attached to a set and converts them so that they are attached to a set.

Component Table

Displays a tabular list of all the components that exist in the model along with their properties and materials.

Material Table

Allows you to easily create and edit materials.

C-Interfto50

Converts all the contacts that are defined using node sets or segment sets in the Entity Sets panel to master and slave elements in groups so that they can be easily displayed on/off.

See also HyperMesh Tab Area

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Error Check The Error check dialog checks your LS-DYNA deck for potential problems with components, properties, materials, rigids, joints, boundary conditions, and other entities and reports them on-screen. The report identifies the problem entity by ID, describes the error, and then enables you to isolate the entity in the model and quickly make changes. Click Error check on the LS-DYNA Utility Menu to open the dialog as shown below:

Select the types of errors for which you want to search and click Check. When the check is complete, the results appear on the Errors tab of the dialog, as shown below:

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Each error in the list is a hyperlink that, when clicked, highlights the affected visualizations in the model and opens the relevant card image or panel for correcting the error. You can systematically click on each error in the list, correcting them as you go. On the Settings tab, click Check again to verify that the errors were corrected. If you want to restore the full view of the model including all components, click View - Show full model button on the Errors tab of the dialog. To return to the previous view, click View - Restore View. Use the Options menu button to update or saving settings for the Error Check dialog. You can specify minimum and maximum values for the material check and a maximum value for the distance of a constrained extra node to its part. To save the current settings, choose Save Settings… from the Options menu button and specify a file name and location. You can also load previously-saved error check settings. Click the Close button to close the Error Check dialog.

See also LS-DYNA Utility Menu

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Part Info The Part Info macro summarizes a part’s statistics in a dialog. 1.

To start the macro, click Part Info on the Utility Menu.

2.

Click component on the main menu area to select a component or click a component in the graphics area to select it.

3.

Click proceed. The Part Information dialog appears, which lists the part ID, name, thickness, and material type.

4.

To view additional statistics about the part, click the More Details tab.

5.

To display statistics for a different part, select the part in the graphics area or the components selector and click proceed again.

Tip

Click the middle mouse button instead of the proceed button to quickly select components.

See also LS-DYNA Utility Menu

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Name Mapping LS-DYNA and HyperMesh maintain separate names for solver keywords mapped to named HM entities. To make the names consistent, you can run the Name Mapping macro, which provides the ability to change names for various entity types to either the HyperMesh name or the LS-DYNA name. This macro can be accessed by clicking Name Mapping on the Utility Menu when the LsDyna user profile is loaded. Select whether you want to convert the HyperMesh names to LS-DYNA names or vice-versa by choosing the corresponding radio button at the top of the dialog. Then select the entity group(s) you want to update by clicking its row in the entity list. Click Convert selected; the names for all the entities that exist in the selected groups are automatically changed to either the HyperMesh or LS-DYNA format, depending on which setting is active. The Custom… option provides the ability to change individual entities instead of an entire entity group. A new dialog appears when you click the Custom… button. All the entities of that type are listed in a new table, from which you can select individual entities and click Edit to open the card image and manually change the name or click Apply to automatically match names based on the current setting of the main Name Mapping dialog box. Note:

If there is no card image available, the LS-DYNA name does not appear in the Custom… table and name mapping is not available.

See also LS-DYNA Utility Menu

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Clone Part The Clone Part macro enables you to quickly create a new part from the properties of an existing part. It can be accessed by clicking Clone Part on the Utility Menu when the LsDyna user profile is loaded. Select the existing part on which to model the new part by clicking the … button, which opens a dialog listing all the existing components. Select a component from the list and click OK. Type a name for the new part in the New Part field and click the color icon to select a color for the component. Select whether to duplicate the material and section properties or to re-use the original material and section properties. Duplicate means that a new material and section is created (the name is suffixed with .n version numbers and new IDs are used) with the same properties, while Reuse refers to the same material and section as the original. Select whether to duplicate the elements. Duplicate elements will make a copy of the elements from the selected part to new part in the same location. Click Create to either create or create and edit the card.

See also LS-DYNA Utility Menu

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Create Part The Create Part macro enables you to create components on-the-fly. It can be accessed by clicking Create Part on the Utility Menu when the LS-DYNA user profile is loaded. Type a name for the new component in the Part name field and select a color by clicking the adjacent color icon. Select a section in the Section field by choosing Create New (create a new section), Same As (create a new section based on an existing section), or Model… (select an existing section) from the selection menu. Select a material for the component in the Material field by the same method as described above for the Section field. Click Create>> to either create or create and edit the card.

See also LS-DYNA Utility Menu

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Part Replacement The Part Replacement macro allows you to replace the elements in an existing component (*PART) with new elements; typically replacing a similar part remeshed or slightly reshaped. It can be accessed in the Tool macro page when the LsDyna user profile is loaded. This macro not only replaces nodes and elements between parts, it also restores the referenced items in the original model to the new part, e.g. 1-D connections, distributed mass, contacts, loads, and database history. A message log is provided, which lists the entities being replaced and reconnected as well as cases that required or will require user interaction.

To replace parts with the Part Replacement macro: 1.

Select the old and new part. Both parts must be available in the database. Identify the Old Part and New Part. The name and color of the components are reported once the parts are selected. Click Apply.

Click the icon

, to turn on/off the corresponding part from the graphics area.

Click View log… anytime during the part replacement process to view a list of events. 2.

Assign the material and property. Specify which material and property to assign to the new part. In the example that follows, the material from the old part (ID 219) is retained and the property from the new part (ID 224) is selected.

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Click Apply to accept the selection or click Next to skip this step and proceed with the part replacement process. Note that the IDs of the new and old part will be swapped. This automatically preserves any LSDYNA card that refers to this part ID directly or through a set of parts. 3.

Fix 1-D connections and mesh-less welds. This step offers both an automatic and interactive reconnection to the new part for 1-D elements (e.g. beams, rigids, and springs) and mesh-less welds (beam type 9 and hexa). For Tolerance:, specify a tolerance value for the reconnection attempt.

Check Remesh new part to establish connection to allow a local remesh of the new part to restore connection.

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If you select Remesh new part to establish connection, HyperMesh will locally remesh the new part to establish the connection. In this case, the tolerance specified is the projection distance between the end node of the 1-D and the closest element in the new part. A new element is created and the 1-D connection may be restored with a smaller tolerance value. If you do not select Remesh new part to establish connection, the value specified for the search tolerance will be the nodal distance between the end node of the 1-D element and the closest node in the new part. In this case, the 1-D element keeps its original ID and properties; only the node previously connected to the old part will be moved. Click Apply to replace the 1-D connection and the mesh-less welds within that tolerance and display the elements that cannot be fixed in red. Click the EID field to select the remaining elements, increase the tolerance, and preview the effect of the increased value on the 1-D elements.

Click Apply to use the defined tolerance to fix the elements displayed in green. A message reports the tolerance required to fix the selected elements. This tolerance is used to fix all the 1-D connections. Use a higher tolerance value to fix all 1-D elements that are still reported as failing or select one or more 1-D elements and click Interactive-fix.

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Interactive-fix is recommended for cases where you want to directly monitor the nodes being connected and is only available for 1-D elements replaced using nodal tolerance. Unnecessary entities will be masked and the Replace panel will be opened. The 1-D element requiring an interactive fix will have one end already detached and a node of the new part can be selected as needed. You must select the 1-D end node as the first node and a node of the new part as the second node.

Use the Meshless welds tab to replace beam type 9 or a hexa used in a mesh-less connection. The same preview functionality described for regular 1-D connections is also available. Interactivefix and the Remesh new part for fix are disabled since they do not apply to this type of connection. A contact spotweld, materials, and properties for the mesh-less welds will also be created if the new part shows a different thickness or material information. Review the log file created during the part replacement to determine if any connections remain unfixed. 4.

Fix mass elements. Masses attached to the old part can be connected to a new part using steps similar to the ones previously illustrated for 1-D elements. Specify a tolerance value for the mass element reconnection when prompted. The value specified for search tolerance will be the nodal distance between the node of the old part where the mass was originally located and the closest node in the new part. Click Apply to replace the masses within that tolerance and display the elements that could not be fixed in red. Click the EID field to select the remaining elements, increase the tolerance, and preview the effect of the increased value on the mass elements.

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Click Apply to use the defined tolerance to fix the mass elements displayed in green. Use a higher tolerance value to fix all 1-D elements that are still reported as failing or select one or more 1-D elements and click Interactive-fix. A message reports the tolerance required to fix the selected elements. This tolerance is used to fix all the mass connections.

Additional Entities The Part Replacement macro not only replaces elements, it also restores the referenced items in the original model to the new part. Contact and Rigidwall Since the IDs of the new and old part are swapped at the beginning of the part replacement process, most of the common contact definitions (*set_part_list) will be automatically preserved as the part ID did not change. In some instances, a contact or rigidwall may be defined by a set of nodes, set of elements, or set of segments. Consider the case of a contact node-to-surface, where the slave entity is defined using a set of nodes. The contact slave entity will be updated only if it contains every node of the old part. In all other situations, it is reported that the contact was not updated and the user must update interactively. A similar approach is used when a contact is defined using a set of elements or set segment (contactsurf). Database History

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HyperMesh detects and fixes Database_history_nodes and Database_History_shell. To fix a history_node or history_shell, all the nodes/shells must follow the tolerance that you have specified. For shells, the tolerance will not be a nodal distance between nodes but the distance between the element centroid in the old part and its projection (if any) to the elements of the new part. Constrained_extra_node HyperMesh detects and fixes constrained_extra_node and constrained_extra_node_set. To fix a constrained_extra_node all its nodes must follow the tolerance that you have specified. Click Preview to identify the tolerance value required to fix a particular xtranode. Boundary Condition HyperMesh can detect and fix the following individual loads: temperature, moments, constraints, and forces.

See also LS-DYNA Utility Menu

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To use the Convert To Rigid macro This macro is used to convert deformable parts of an LS-DYNA model to rigid. 1.

Click Tools in the Utility Menu.

2.

Click Convert To Rigid.

3.

Select the elements to convert to rigid and click proceed.

4.

Select an existing rigid component in the model for merging the newly created rigid body and Click Proceed.

5.

Click return.

The Convert To Rigid macro performs the following steps when the selected elements are converted to rigid. 1.

For the selected elements, a check is performed on the comps for rigid (MAT_RIGID or matl20) or deformable materials (all, except matl20). If deformable materials exist, rigid materials (MAT_RIGID) are created with the properties from the original deformable materials. A check is performed for rigid materials that are already defined. If rigid materials are found, the comps and rigid materials are retained.

2.

Comps located partially within the window are split into two comps. The new comp has the same property (section ID) but new material (Material ID). For example, if A-pillar is partially within the window, then a new comp A-pillar_rig is created. A-pillar_rig is updated with newly created material.

3.

All the spotwelds and rigids located entirely within the window are removed. For example, *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_option, *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET, *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD, and *CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_option.

4.

For spotwelds that are connected from the deformable body to the rigid body, an extra node is created and referenced by the master rigid body.

5.

A check is performed to detect joints located partially or entirely within the window. Detected joints are deleted.

6.

A check is performed to detect springs located partially or entirely within the window. Detected springs are deleted.

7.

A check is performed to detect seatbelt elements (seatbelt elements, Retractor, Pretensioner) located partially or entirely within the window. Detected seatbelt elements are deleted.

8.

Master and slave comps are defined (for example, CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODIES). You are prompted to select a comp for master rigid body. A slave set is created with the newly created rigid bodies (except the master rigid body comp).

9.

A message is displayed when the conversion is complete.

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Convert To Rigid Flow Chart

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Component Table The LS-DYNA Component Table is an interactive tabular list used to represent LS-DYNA components with associated properties and materials. It is accessed by loading the LsDyna user profile and clicking the Component Table button on the LS-DYNA Utility Menu.

The table contains a variety of tools that allow you to review, edit, and update the model. The essential features are: LS-DYNA components with various associated properties and materials are listed in separate columns. You can select the column types from a set of available options. There are two modes of operation: review and editable. The review mode allows you to quickly review the component information without changing any values. The editable mode, allows you to change values for the selected components. There are enhanced selection, review, display, and filter options for components. Components can be sorted according to any available column. The current configuration is saved automatically to a file at the end of a session and recalled on reload. You can also save and load a configuration file. The table data can be export in CSV and HTML formats. Right click on the table to display menu options. All pull-down menu options are also available using a right click. Columns can be moved or swapped by holding the left mouse button on a column title and dragging it to the desired location. Columns can be resized by positioning the cursor along a column border, pressing the left or right mouse button, and dragging the border to a new position. The shift or ctrl key combined with a left click can be used to select multiple rows. The following tools are available in the LS-DYNA Component Table:

Table Refresh

Regenerates the table with all the parts in the model

Editable

Sets the table mode to editable mode, allowing you to change values for the

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selected components Filter

Enables the filtering GUI

Configure

Allows you to specify the number and type of columns listed in the table

Save

Saves the information listed in the table in CSV or HTML format

Quit

Quit the table function.

Selection All

Selects all rows or parts

None

Selects none or deselects parts/rows that were previously selected

Reverse

Reverses the selection

Displayed

Selects the rows or the displayed parts

User

User graphic interaction to select parts

Display By default, the table is invoked with only the displayed parts. You can refresh the table to show a new part being displayed or use one of the following display commands.

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All

Displays all the components in the model

None

Turns off every component displayed

Reverse

Reverses the display of the part

Show selection

Displays the components of the selected rows

Show only Selection

Displays only the components of the selected rows

Hide selection

Hides the components of the selected rows from the display

By Material

Displays components sorted by material

By Properties

Displays components sorted by properties

By Thickness

Displays components sorted by thickness values

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Action Delete Selection

Deletes selected rows (parts) from the model

User Set MatDB Path…

Opens a dialog on which you can set the location of an external database of material definitions.

Refresh Material List

Updates the list of available materials in the Component Table.

Editable Mode The editable mode in the Component Table allows you to change values for all selected components at the same time. Select the Table > Editable option to open the Component Table in editable mode. Cells with a white background can be manually edited. When you click on an editable cell, it is selected with a cursor. Once a cell is selected, enter a value and press Enter. If you want to assign the same value to multiple components at once, select the column type and value from the Assign Values: pull-down menu and click Set. All the selected components will be updated with the assigned values.

Filter The Component Table supports advanced filtering based on available columns. The Table > Filter... menu option opens the Filter dialog as shown below.

You can write any valid string with a wildcard (*) in any of the available column types and click Apply to filter the table. For example, if you want to show all components that start with letter ‘c’ and use material ‘steel’, you can use the dialog as shown below. Note that the filter strings are case-sensitive.

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Show All turns off the filtering and displays all the components. Select the Table > Configure > Filter on top option to keep the Filter dialog posted after clicking Apply or Show All. Otherwise, it closes.

Configure Columns Column types can be selected from the Table > Configure > Columns... menu option. The table displays only the selected columns. The available columns types are:

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Title

Description

Vis

Visualization status. 1 = display on, 0 = display off

Part name

HyperMesh name of the component (maximum 32 characters)

Part id

HyperMesh ID of the component

Material name

Material name associated with the component

Material id

Material ID associated with the component

Material type

Material type associated with the component

Thickness

Thickness of elements specified in *section_shell

Section name

*Section name associated with the component

Section id

*Section ID associated with the component

Section type

Type of the *Section associated with the component

Color

Component color

Int points

Number of integration points specified for the *Section_shell

HGID

Hourglass ID associated with component

Elem form

Element formulation for the *section of the component

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Elems

Number of elements in the component

Nodes

Number of nodes in the component

Mass

Total mass of the component

cg_x

Center of gravity for the x coordinate

cg_y

Center of gravity for the y coordinate

cg_z

Center of gravity for the z coordinate

Components All or Displayed mode The Component Table lists components in two modes: All or Displayed. If All is selected from the Table > Configure > Components menu, the table will list all the components in the model. If Displayed is selected, only the visible components will be shown. Blank components are not shown in the Displayed mode even though their display status is on.

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Material Table The LS-DYNA Material Table enables you to easily create and edit materials. To access the Material Table, click Material Table on the Utility Menu. All the existing materials are retrieved and populated in the table. From the Material Table, you can also merge identical materials, search for duplicate materials, and change the properties of materials. When you first display the Material Table, all materials are listed in the table, showing the material's ID, name, type, description, list of components in which it is used, and the RHO, E, and Nu values. An example is shown below.

Materials in the table can be selected by clicking the row, which is then highlighted in blue. Many functions are performed by selecting materials in the table and choosing an option from the context menu or clicking a button below the table. shift+click and ctrl+click can be used to select multiple rows. Refer to the links below for details about using the Material Table.

How Do I... Sort materials Create a new material Edit a material's properties Merge materials Find duplicate materials See the load curve for a material Export data from the Material Table

See also Customizing Views of the Material Table Creating, Editing, and Loading Materials Managing Materials LS-DYNA Utility Menu

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Customizing Views of the Material Table The Material Table initially lists all existing materials, but you can sort and filter the list to more easily identify materials that you want to work with. Each of the columns in the table can be used to sort the list. Click the column heading to sort by that characteristic, such as ID number or material type. To view only materials of a particular type, select that type in the Material type drop-down at the top of the window. For example, if you want to identify materials that are not used so you can delete them, you can click the Comp used column heading to quickly group together all materials that contain the value "No", which indicates that none of the components use the material. Note:

To view all material properties in the table, select a material type from the drop-down. When all material types are shown in the table, only the RHO (density), E (Young's modulus), and Nu (Poisson's ratio) properties appear. However, when a particular material type is displayed, all the relevant properties for that material type also appear in the table, as shown in the image below.

The Material Table also enables you to view the model's components based on the material used. These options are available by selecting Display from the menu that appears when you right-click anywhere in the table. Options include: viewing only the selected materials hiding the selected materials viewing all or none of the materials adding the selected materials to the current display reversing the current display option. Once you make your selection, the corresponding components appear or become hidden in the graphics area.

How Do I... Sort materials Merge materials Find duplicate materials See the load curve for a material

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Export data from the Material Table

See also Creating, Editing, and Loading Materials Managing Materials LS-DYNA Material Table

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Creating, Editing, and Loading Materials You can create, edit and load materials all from within the Material Table. Materials can be added or modified with the Create/Load and Edit buttons or by selecting the same options in the menu that appears when you right-click anywhere inside the table. To save time, you can choose the Same As selection to begin creating a material with the same properties as the currently-selected material in the table. When you create a new material, you specify a name and the type of material. The materials are conveniently organized into categories, including groups of recently used materials and only materials that exist in the model. These categories are further listed by the LS-DYNA keyword or type identifier, as shown in the following image.

You can add the material to the table immediately by clicking Create or by going to the Card Image panel to specify its properties by clicking Create/Edit. At any time you can select a material in the table and click the Edit button to open the material's card image. In the card image, you can modify values for the keyword's variables. In addition, the material's load curve appears in a pop-up graph, as shown below.

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How Do I... Create a new material Edit a material's properties See the load curve for a material Export data from the Material Table

See also Customizing Views of the Material Table Managing Materials LS-DYNA Material Table

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Managing Materials In addition to viewing, creating, modifying, and deleting materials, you can also identify duplicate materials, merge like materials into one, and rename materials. The names of materials and the material IDs can be edited directly in the table. (All other values must be edited with the Edit button, which opens the card image.) Materials that have the same properties can be identified using the Check duplicates button. This feature, which is only available when all materials are displayed in the table, finds all materials that have identical properties and returns them in result sets. You can then select each result set to view the matching materials. Optionally, you can merge the duplicate materials into one material using the Merge button, which is the same feature as described in the following paragraph.

When you select multiple materials from the table, you can merge them into one of the selected materials using the Merge As button. Typically this action is performed on materials with like properties to simplify a model, although it can be performed on dis-similar materials with all selected materials taking on the properties of one of the materials. When materials are merged into one, the remaining materials still exist and appear in the table, but do not have any components assigned to them.

How Do I... Sort materials Merge materials Find duplicate materials See the load curve for a material Export data from the Material Table

See also Customizing Views of the Material Table Creating, Editing, and Loading Materials LS-DYNA Material Table

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Sort Materials 1.

Click the column heading of the criteria by which you want to sort.

2.

Click the column heading again to list the materials in reverse order.

See Customizing Views of the Material Table to learn about other ways to filter the list of materials in the table.

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Create a New Material You can create a new material, or create a new material based on an existing material. Both procedures are described below.

To create a new material: 1.

Click Create/Load and select New… from the menu. New fields appear at the bottom of the Material Table.

2.

Type a name for the material in the New Material Name field.

3.

Select a material type from the drop-down list. The list expands to categories of material types, and also sorts them by keyword or material ID. You can view the complete list of material types under the All category.

4.

Click Create/Edit to open the material card image to specify the properties, or click Create to add the material to the table without immediately specifying any properties.

5.

Click return to exit the Create/Load mode.

To create a new material based on an existing material: 1.

Select a material in the table that you want to use as the basis for a new material.

2.

Click Create/Load and select Same as… from the menu. New fields appear at the bottom of the Material Table. The material you selected appears in the Selected material field.

3.

Type a name for the material in the New Material Name field.

4.

Click Create/Edit to open the material card image to specify the properties, or click Create to add the material to the table without immediately specifying any properties.

5.

Click return to exit the Create/Load mode.

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Edit a Material's Properties 1.

Select a material in the table that you want to edit.

2.

Click the Edit button. The card image for the material appears and, if applicable, the load curve appears in a pop-up window.

3.

Modify values in the card image and click return to go back to the Material Table.

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Merge Materials 1.

In the table, select the materials you want to merge. (Use SHIFT+click to select multiple, consecutive rows and CTRL+click to select non-consecutive rows.)

2.

Click Merge As. The Material Table expands to include new fields for merging materials.

3.

Select the material ID to use as the new material in the Retain material(id) field.

4.

Click the Merge button. The components for each of the selected materials are merged into the material you selected. The remaining materials still exist and are listed in the table, but they are not assigned to any components.

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Find Duplicate Materials 1.

Ensure that ALL is selected in the Material type field.

2.

Click the Check duplicates button. The Material Table expands to include new fields for handling duplicate materials.

3.

Choose a group number from the View materials in duplicate group field. The materials in that group appear in the table. (The results for the duplicates check are divided into consecutively numbered groups of the same material type.)

You can easily merge the duplicate materials using the Merge button. See How Do I Merge Materials for steps on using the merge feature. To view another result group of duplicate materials, select another group number from the View materials in duplicate groups field. That group’s list of duplicate materials appears in the table.

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See the Load Curve for a Material 1.

Select a material in the table for which a load curve ID has been defined.

2.

Click the Edit button. The load curve appears in a pop-up window.

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Export Data from the Material Table 1.

Select a material type or ALL from the Material type field to export only materials of a particular type or all materials, respectively.

2.

Right-click anywhere in the table and select Save and then CSV for comma- or semicolon-separated values or HTML for an HTML-based table. The Select output file dialog appears.

3.

Browse for or type a name in the File name field and click Save. The file containing material data is saved in the location you specified.

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MADYMO Utility Menu The MADYMO Utility Menu (madymo.mac) is loaded when you open the MADYMO user profile. It contains utilities, tools, macros, and shortcuts to display options. The menu and its utilities are fully customizable. The MADYMO Utility Menu contains two pages, Tools and Define Entities. Both menu pages contain the following Display: options used to control the display of entities in the graphics window. Body

Turns on and off all ellipsoids, planes, cylinders, and joints.

Elems

Turns on and off all FE elements.

Triads

Turns on and off all coordinate systems.

Shading

Set to visualization mode for the entire model. Four modes are available: 0

Performance graphics wireframe

1

Shaded

2

Shaded with mesh lines

3

Shaded with feature lines

Only Comps/MBs

Turns off all entities except elements, ellipsoids, planes, cylinders, and joints.

Clear Temp Nodes

Removes all temporary nodes (a.k.a. 3-D location markers)

Work in Meters

Reduces display size of coordinate system and boundary conditions for modeling in meters.

Autocolor

Colors all ellipsoids, planes, cylinders, and joints based on their rigid body reference. Also colors FE elements by part card.

The Tools page contains a series of utilities and tools:

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Set Light Source…

Opens a window with button-based light source options. Click the icon button that corresponds to your preferred direction of the light source, and click the button that corresponds to your preferred level of specularity. Then click Close.

Elems to Ellipsoids

Converts linear elements to ellipsoids. Each element becomes a new body with an ellipsoid. A joint is created between each body. The organize, delete, and mbs joints panels can then be used to move the created ellipsoids to a single rigid body, delete extra bodies and joints, or change the joint type.

Rotate Systems

Used to rotate coordinate systems about their axes.

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Resize Ellipsoids

Expands/shrinks ellipsoids about their individual axes.

Mesh Ellipsoids

Used to mesh ellipsoids. Mesh is created to represent the actual geometry of the ellipsoid.

Display Syst IDs

Turns on numerical ID display for specified coordinate systems. Useful for seeing which coordinate system is selected when selecting coincident coordinate systems.

Apply JNTPOS…

Applies contents of JNTPOS file to loaded model. Brings up file browser for selecting the JNTPOS file and applies the Euler parameters for the last time step on all joints contained in the file.

Body Properties…

Opens an editable table of all the rigid bodies in the model listing each body name, center of gravity, mass, and moment of inertia. Also contains noneditable fields for reviewing the body ID and parent body.

Both the Define Entities and Tools pages contain Display: options, while the Define Entities page also contains buttons for creating new coordinate systems and location markers in 3-D space: The New Cord Sys: options allow you to create new coordinate systems. Parallel Global

Creates new coordinate systems at specified nodes. The created systems are oriented parallel to the global system.

Parallel Local

Creates new coordinate systems at specified nodes. The created systems are oriented parallel to a specified local coordinate system.

From 3 Nodes

Opens the HyperMesh systems panel for created coordinate systems in any orientation by specifying three nodes or temporary nodes.

The New loc marker: options allow you to create new temporary nodes, which are used as location markers throughout HyperMesh. At Coord System

Creates a new marker at specified coordinate systems.

At Ellipsoids

Creates new markers at specified ellipsoids’ centers and axis.

Cover Ellipsoids

Covers ellipsoids with new markers.

At Body COGs

Creates new markers at specified rigid bodies’ center of gravities.

At Other

Opens the HyperMesh create nodes panel for creating markers by entering coordinates (local or global), between existing nodes/temp nodes, on a plane, or on CAD geometry.

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See also MADYMO Interface Overview

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NASTRAN Utility Menu The Nastran user profile contains two macro menus on the Utility Menu: Nastran1 and Nastran2.

See also: Nastran1 Page Nastran2 Page

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Nastran1 Page The following macros are available on the Nastran1 macro menu: Auto Property Creation

Auto Property Creation

Analysis Setup Load Steps Browser

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If two or more components points to single property this utility will create a separate property for each component.

Generate Nastran subcase definitions.

BCTABLE Manager

Create, edit, and delete BCTABLEs from a convenient tabbed interface.

Model Editor

Part Replacement

Replace elements in a component/part (PSHELL) with new elements.

Rigids & Welds

Rigid Spider

Create a spider (RBE2 elements) around holes.

Comps, Props & Mats Info

PartInfo

Review details for a specified part.

Component Table

Create, review, and edit components

Property Table

Create, review and edit properties

Material Table

Review and edit MAT1.

Miscellaneous RSSCON Create

Create a transition element between solids and shells.

RSPLINE Create

Create RSPLINE elements as bulk unsupported cards.

TABLE Create

Create a tabular function card.

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BCTABLE Manager The BCTABLE Manager enables you to create, edit, and delete BCTABLEs from a convenient tabbed interface. The three tabs, BCTABLE, Contact Elems, and Parameters, each contain tools related to BCTABLEs.

BCTABLE tab

The BCTABLE tab lists existing BCTABLEs in the database. For each item in the list, you can choose whether to display it with the Display check box. To view the content of a particular BCTABLE, select the Status check box and click the Contact Elems tab. The following buttons are also available on this tab: Sync

Synchronize the settings in the BCTABLE tool and the database.

Delete

Delete the selected BCTABLE.

Create

Create a new BCTABLE.

Close

Exit the BCTABLE Manager.

Contact Elems tab

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The Contact Elems tab lists existing contact elements for the selected BCTABLE. The BCTABLE is selected on the BCTABLE tab, as described above. The following buttons are also available on this tab: Add

Add a row/contact element.

Delete

Delete the selected contact element.

Close

Exit the BCTABLE Manager.

Parameters tab

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The Parameters tab lists existing parameter values for each pair of contact elements. The following buttons are also available on this tab: Reset

Set to default values.

Update

Update the values.

Close

Close the tool.

Click the Slave and Master buttons to see all the BCBODYs.

See also Nastran Utility Menu

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Nastran Part Replacement The Part Replacement dialog enables you to replace elements in an existing component/part (PSHELL) with new elements. It also restores the referenced items in the original model to the new part, e.g. 1-D connections, masses, equations, boundary conditions, and loads. A message log is provided, which lists the entities being replaced and reconnected as well as cases that require or will require user interaction. The Part Replacement dialog generates a log file that contains a list of the entities being replaced and reconnected in addition to cases that require user interaction.

To replace elements in parts using the Part Replacement macro: 1.

From the Tools menu, click Part Replacement. The Nast Part Replacement dialog appears:

1.

In the Old part field, select a component by clicking the button, which opens a comps selector in panel area. Choose a component and click proceed. The new part is created in the database. (If you already created a new part, delete it before performing this step.)

2.

In the New part field, select a part (sub-model) to import. Click Import....

3.

(optional) Clear the Delete old part check box to save the old part at the end of the replacement procedure.

4.

(optional) Click View log… at any time to open the Part Replacement macro’s log file.

5.

Click Next. The following dialog appears:

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6.

In the New part field, select a component by clicking the comps button, which opens a comps selector in the panel area. Choose a component, click select and click proceed.

7.

Click Next. The following dialog appears:

8.

Select a material for the new part from the radio button list of available materials that appears in the dialog. Click Apply.

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9.

Specify a tolerance value for the Fix 1-D connections/meshless welds option. This option provides an automatic and an interactive reconnection to the new part for 1-D elements (beams, rigids, springs, etc.) and meshless welds (beam type 9 and hexa). The tolerance value determines the range of 1-D connections and meshless welds that will be replaced. Elements that cannot be replaced will be displayed in red.

12. Click Apply. The results of the replacement are displayed in tabs on the dialog.

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13. Click the EID field on the 1-D tab to select the remaining elements, increase the tolerance, and preview the effect of the increased value on the 1-D elements. 14. Click Apply to use the defined tolerance to fix the elements displayed in green. A message appears that reports the tolerance used to fix the selected elements. If some elements still report as failed, repeat step 11 using a higher tolerance value. 15. Repeat steps 12 and 13 for the Meshless welds tab. Masses attached to the old part can be connected to a new part using the basic steps outlined above. In addition, HyperMesh can detect and fix the following individual loads: forces, moments, temperatures, equations, and constraints. Pressure must be corrected manually.

See also Nastran Utility Menu

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Rigid Spider The RigidSpider macro is used to create a spider (RBE2 elements) around holes. You can create a spider with or without a washer and with one or multiple RBE2 elements.

To create a spider: 1.

From the Nastran Utility Menu, click RigidSpider.

2.

Select the component where the spider is needed. Click the … button to access a list of all available components.

3.

Select the Spider type: Normal or Washer. If you select Washer, an additional field appears on the dialog.

4.

In the Washer Type field select Every node or Every other node. Every node indicates that an RBE2 for a washer will be created for each node. Every other node indicates that an RBE2 for a washer will be created between the dependent node and every other independent node.

5.

In the Rigid Type field, select Single or Multiple. Single indicates that a single RBE2 element will be created between the independent node and all dependent nodes. Multiple indicates that multiple RBE2 elements will be created between the independent node and each dependent node.

6.

Click Generate. The tool redraws the component chosen in step 2 using plotel elements around the holes and component perimeter.

7.

Pick a plotel element around the hole where the spider is needed.

8.

Click proceed.

See also Nastran Utility Menu

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PartInfo The PartInfo macro summarizes a part’s statistics in a dialog. 1.

To start the macro, click PartInfo on the Utility Menu.

2.

Click component in the main menu area to select a component or click a component in the graphics area to select it.

3.

Click proceed. The Part Information dialog appears, which lists the part ID, name, thickness, and material type.

4.

To view additional statistics about the part, click the More Details tab.

5.

To display statistics for a different part, select the part in the graphics area or the components selector and click proceed again.

Tip

Click the middle mouse button instead of the proceed button to quickly select components.

See also Nastran Utility Menu

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Component Table This macro opens the Nastran Component Table, which displays components and their associated attributes in an interactive table. You can also configure the table; only configured items are displayed in the table. With this macro, you can also create components, select components, assign materials to components, change component colors, and change component visualization modes. Most actions are available from shortcut (right-click) menus. You can also find options in the drop-down menus. Before performing actions such as changing the values of component data, you must select Editable from the Table menu. Once the components are writable, you can modify the values of existing components. The following sections describe how to use the Component Table in both read-only mode and editable mode. Using the Component Table in Read-Only Mode When you open the Component Table, existing components are listed in a table using a default configuration. This configuration displays the component name, component ID number, properties on component, component color, thickness, property on element, material name, material ID, material type, and the visualization status of each component. The Nodes and Elems display is turned off by default. When activated, the total numbers of elements and nodes are shown at the bottom of the table. The display of the data in the Component Table can be customized according to your preferences. You can: Change which columns are displayed Change the order of the columns Sort the components by column data, ascending or descending Filter which components are displayed based on column data values (see below) You can save your settings by creating a configuration file. From the Table menu, open the Configure submenu and select the Save CFG-File option. This configuration file saves the set of table configuration options so you can use them again. By default, a configuration file (comptable.cfg) is saved in the working directory for each component table session and settings from this file are applied each time the table is built. Using the Component Table in Editable Mode When you switch the Component Table from the default read-only mode to editable mode (by selecting Editable from the Table menu), you can perform all the actions described in the section above, plus edit the attributes of the components listed in the table. To change the value of an attribute, select the attribute in the Assign Values drop-down, type the new value in the adjacent field, and click Set.

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To Create a New Component 1.

From the Table menu of the Component Table, select New. The Component Create dialog opens.

2.

Type a name in the Component Name = field.

3.

Select a material type for the component from the Mat Name: drop-down field. (Or click the adjacent New button to define a new material and select it.)

4.

Click the Properties button to assign a property, or click the adjacent New button to define a new property and select it.

5.

Click Create.

6.

A panel opens, on which you must confirm the component creation. Click return. The new component appears in the Component Table.

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To Create a New Material or Edit an Existing Material 1.

From the Assign Values drop-down field, select Mat Name.

2.

Click New to create a new material or select a material from the HM-Mats drop-down field and click Edit to edit that material.

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To Assign a Value to Multiple Components 1.

Select the components that you want to change. You can use ctrl+click and shift+click to select nonadjacent and adjacent rows in the table, respectively. Other options are available in the Selection menu.

2.

Select the column type you want to change from the Assign Values drop-down field.

3.

Type the new value in the adjacent field.

4.

Click Assign. The selected column types are updated to the new value you specified.

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To Filter the List of Components in the Table The Component Table includes advanced filtering features based on the available columns of data. If your model contains a large number of components, you can filter the components to quickly see components that are of interest to you. 1.

From the Table pull-down menu, select Filter…. The Filter dialog opens.

2.

Type a search string, with optional wildcard characters (*), in the fields for the columns you want to search. (Search strings are case-sensitive.) For example, to search for all components that begin with the letter ‘c’ and have ‘steel’ as the material type, you would complete the dialog as shown below:

3.

Click Apply in the Filter dialog. The filter is applied to the Component Table and only those components that match the search criteria are shown.

To remove filtering and display all the components, click the Show All button on the Filter dialog. You can also keep the Filter dialog open after applying filter changes by selecting the Table menu and selecting Configure and Filter on top.

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To Customize the Contents of the Table To customize what appears in the table, you can specify which columns of data appear in the table. 1.

From the Table menu, select Configure and Columns… The Configure dialog opens.

2.

The Configure dialog contains a list of column types that are available. Select the check boxes for the data you want to view.

3.

Click OK.

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To Export Data in CSV or HTML Format 1.

From the Table menu, click Save and then either CSV or HTML, depending on which type of data file you prefer.

2.

If you chose CSV, you must select delimiter Comma (,)… or delimiter Semi-colon (;)…, depending on which character you want to be the data delimiter in the output file.

3.

The Select Output File dialog opens, on which you can select an existing file to overwrite or type the name of the file you are creating. Click Save. The data file is saved in the location you specified.

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Property Table This macro opens the Nastran Property Table, which is an interactive table of Nastran one-dimensional properties and their associated materials. Note

This table contains 1D properties only. Use the Component Table to create 2D and 3D properties.

With this macro, you can also create properties, select properties, assign materials to properties, and export the data in CSV or HTML format. Most actions are available from shortcut (right-click) menus. You can also find options in the drop-down menus. Before performing actions such as changing the values of property data, you must select Editable from the Table menu. Once the properties are writable, you can modify the values of existing properties. The following sections describe how to use the property table in both read-only mode and editable mode. Using the Property Table in Read-Only Mode When you open the Property Table, existing properties are listed in a table using a default configuration. This configuration displays the name, ID, type, material description, material ID, material type, number of elements, and visualization status for each property. The total numbers of elements is shown at the bottom of the table. The display of the data in the property table can be customized according to your preferences. You can: Change which columns are displayed Change the order of the columns Sort the components by column data, ascending or descending Filter which components are displayed based on column data values (see below) You can save your settings by creating a configuration file. From the Table menu, open the Configure submenu and select the Save CFG-File option. This configuration file saves the set of table configuration options so you can use them again. By default, a configuration file is saved in the working directory for each Property Table session and settings from this file are applied each time the table is built. Using the Property Table in Editable Mode When you switch the Property Table from the default read-only mode to editable mode (by selecting Editable from the Table menu), you can perform all the actions described in the section above, plus edit the attributes of the components listed in the table. To change the value of an attribute, select the attribute in the Assign Values drop-down, type the new value in the adjacent field, and click Set.

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To Filter the List of Properties in the Table The Property Table includes advanced filtering features based on the available columns of data. If your model contains a large number of properties, you can filter the list to quickly see properties that are of interest to you. 1.

From the Table pull-down menu, select Filter…. The Filter dialog opens.

2.

Type a search string, with optional wildcard characters (*), in the fields for the columns you want to search. (Search strings are case-sensitive.) For example, to search for all properties that begin with the letter ‘P’ and have ‘steel’ as the material type, you would complete the dialog as shown below:

3.

Click Apply in the Filter dialog. The filter is applied to the Property Table and only those properties that match the search criteria are shown.

To remove filtering and display all the properties, click the Show All button on the Filter dialog. You can also keep the Filter dialog open after applying filter changes by selecting the Table menu and selecting Configure and Filter on top.

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To Create a New Property 1.

From the Table menu of the Property Table, select New. The Property Create dialog opens.

2.

Type a name in the Property Name = field.

3.

Select a property type for the property from the Prop Name drop-down field. (Or click the adjacent New button to define a new property and select it.)

4.

Select the type of property (PBAR, PBEAM, etc.)

5.

Click Create.

6.

A panel opens, on which you must confirm the property creation. Click return.

The new property appears in the Property Table.

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To Assign a Value to Multiple Properties 1.

Select the properties that you want to change. You can use ctrl+click and shift+click to select nonadjacent and adjacent rows in the table, respectively. Other options are available in the Selection menu.

2.

Select the column type you want to change from the Assign Values drop-down field.

3.

Type the new value in the adjacent field.

4.

Click Set. The selected column types are updated to the new value you specified.

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Materials Table The Materials Table is used to review and edit MAT1.

To review MAT1: 1.

From the Nastran Utility Menu, click Material Table. All MAT1 in the model are displayed.

To create MAT1: 1.

From the Nastran Utility Menu, click Material Table.

2.

Click Create Mat1....

3.

The following dialog is displayed.

4.

Fill in the necessary fields.

5.

Click Create. The material is created and added to the Material Table.

To delete MAT1: 1.

From the Nastran Utility Menu, click Material Table.

2.

Use the check boxes to select the material to be deleted. Check Select all to select all materials. Check the small X box next to the check box to delete the material.

3. Click Close.

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RSSCON Create The RSSCON Create macro creates an RSSCON element that connects the shell and solid. Because RSSCON elements are not directly supported, these elements are stored in unsupported bulk data cards.

To create an RSSCON element: 1.

Click the RSSCON Create macro.

2.

Pick the elements to be connected in the model.

3.

Click proceed.

Note:

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When you renumber element or node IDs, RSSCON elements are not also updated because they are supported only as text.

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RSPLINE Create The RSPLINE Create macro creates RSPLINE elements as bulk unsupported cards.

To create an RSPLINE element: 1.

Click the RSPLINE create macro.

2.

Select nodes on the model.

3.

Click proceed.

The default value for the third field of this card is 0.1.

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TABLE Create Use the TABLE Create macro to create a tabular function card or add data to an existing card. You can use the macro to import XY data or enter the data manually.

To create a new table card manually: 1. Click TABLE Create on the Utility Menu. Select Create/Edit Table, select the table type (for example, TABLED1), and click Next. The Create/ Edit Table dialog appears.

2.

Type values in the XY table for the XY pairs you want to include in the table.

3.

Select either Create New Table or Edit Existing Table. If you selected Create New Table, type a name for the new load collector in the Name field and select a color for the load collector with the color selector button. A new load collector will be created with the table card image including the data from the XY table on the dialog. If you selected Edit Existing Table, choose a load collector from the Select drop-down menu. The data in the XY table will be added to the existing table card that you specified.

4.

Click Apply.

5.

Click Exit.

To create or add data to a table card from a data file: 1. Click TABLE Create on the Utility Menu. Select Import Table, select the table type (for example, TABLED1), and click Next. The Import Table dialog appears.

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2.

In the File field, specify an XY data file. This file must be either .csv or .txt format.

3.

Select either Create New Table or Replace Existing Table. If you selected Create New Table, type a name for the new load collector in the Name field and select a color for the load collector with the color selector button. A new load collector will be created with the table card image including the data from the XY data file. If you selected Replace Existing Table, choose a load collector from the Select drop-down menu. The data in the XY data file replace the data in the existing table card that you specified.

4.

Click Apply.

5.

Click Exit.

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Nastran2 Page The following macros are available on the Nastran2 macro menu: Miscellaneous Convert Shells

543

Convert degenerate second order shells into first order shells.

Display Sets

Review and expand (before renumber) SETs.

Tag on Nodes

Create a tag on every node that has a comment in its 10th field.

SPOINT

Create SPOINT.

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Convert Shells The Convert Shells macro is used to convert degenerate second order shells into first order shells.

To convert degenerate second order shells: 1.

Select the file for which the second order shell elements are to be converted.

2.

Click Convert. Messages are displayed in the message box, which state the name and location of the new file as well as the file where all the unconverted second order shells will be placed.

Note:

You can import the Nastran file directly, and all the degenerate second order shells will be written into the hmx file. In doing this, you will miss all the degenerate second order shells in the imported Nastran file.

See also Nastran Utility Menu

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Display SETs The Display SETs macro is used to review and expand (before renumber) SETs.

To display and expand the SET: 1.

Choose the SETs from the Selection column.

2.

Click Display.

Notes: "HM SET" means the ID in the SET can be renumbered. "TEXT SET" means the ID in the SET cannot be renumbered. Empty SET cannot be viewed or renumbered.

See also Nastran Utility Menu

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Tag on Nodes The Tag on Nodes macro is used to create a tag on every node that has a comment in its 10th field.

To create tags on nodes: 1.

Choose the color of the tags.

2.

Click create.

See also Nastran Utility Menu

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SPOINT The SPOINT macro is used to create SPOINTs.

To create SPOINTs: 1.

Input nodes in the Node ID(s) window using any the following formats: 2 100 THRU 200 13,24,25 13 14 15 13 THRU 25,30 50

2.

Click Add. The new SPOINTs are created and added to the SPOINTS window.

Note:

SPOINTs are treated as NODEs. Delete them as you would NODEs.

See also Nastran Utility Menu

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PAM-CRASH 2G Utility Menu The PAM-CRASH 2G Utility Menu (pamcrash2G.mac) contains shortcuts and tools that help simplify PAM-CRASH 2G tasks. The PAM-CRASH 2G Utility Menu contains the following submenus: Conn Card Find M1 M2 Sum Tool

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Tool Menu The Tool menu options allow you to simplify safety tasks. The following macros are included: View Manager

Allows you to save and restore different view of the model.

Dummy Positioning Tool Start …

Starts process manager and loads the Pamcrash2G_DummyPos template in preparation for dummy positioning.

DummyPosPanel

Opens the dummy positioning panel in HyperMesh and sets the radio button to incremental positioning.

Update Jt Angles

The initial rotation angles of JOINTs, needed for the dummy positioning, are updated with the relative rotation between the parent and the child system. This must be done before the dummy is exported.

General tools Substructure Tool …

Creates and modifies substructures.

RBODY Manager

Displays information about rigid bodies in the model.

Part Replacement …

Replaces an existing part with a new part.

Part Info

Displays statistics of a selected part.

Organize Xlinks

Organize LINK-type elements among components.

MASS Manager

Displays information about masses in the model.

Apply Initial Metric

Apply an initial metric to the model.

Prepare Model By ID

Auto-colors the components. It reorders the components by ID, and displays only the components of the model. This macro is normally used after the FE input of a model.

By Name

Auto-colors the components. It reorders the components by name, and displays only the components of the model. This macro is normally used after the FE input of a model.

Resolve include

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Resolve…

Resolves the include files with the INCLU / card recursively. You must give the original file name and the target file name.

Edit…

Allows you to edit the target file from the Resolve macro.

Show ID ranges Select Ent…

Displays various options. Make your selections and press OK. The editor displays the output file that contains the desired information in the format specified in the user interface.

All

Displays the result file containing information related to all the entities of the model.

Dis

Displays information related to the entities currently displayed on the screen. Only the result file is displayed. Input Fields in the User Interface

Protocol file Show

Displays the user message box.

Clear

Clears the user message box.

Hmx file Show

Displays the recent .hmx file for the imported FE input model.

Delete…

Deletes the recent .hmx file for the imported FE input model.

Help file Define

Define macro lets you define a help file and the required application to open it. This configuration is saved and used by the Show macro to display the help file.

Show

Displays the help file using the configuration created with the Define macro, described above.

Model document Edit

Opens the Model Documentation card in an editor. You can edit the information and this will be exported while outputting the model.

Overwrite

Overwrites the Model Documentation card from the Imported Documentation card.

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Append

Appends the information from Imported Documentation card to the Model Documentation card.

GES …

Helps you manage sets in the model. This macro appears on all Utility sub-menus.

Component Table

Displays components and their associated attributes in an interactive table. This macro appears on all Utility sub-menus.

See also Conn Card Find M1 M2 Sum Tool

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Dummy Positioning Tool Start Macro Once the template is loaded, you will be asked to create a process instance or open an existing process instance. After this step, you could see a task tree defining the process of dummy positioning in HyperMesh. You can then traverse through these tasks and position the dummy. Once the dummy is positioned, this position can be saved as a transformation file and can be later applied to the dummy to bring it into this final position without user interaction. The following tasks are listed in the process tree for dummy positioning.

Task Name

Action

Configure Process:

Select either Interactive positioning or Automatic positioning. Depending on the selection, the process tree will change.

Interactive Positioning:

LoadDummy

You are asked for the PAM-CRASH 2G dummy and the positioner file. When the PAM-CRASH 2G dummy is loaded in HyperMesh, the pampostohm tool is automatically started and the dummy is prepared for positioning, as described in Dummy Positioning. System collectors, systems, and assemblies are created and nodes are associated with the systems.

LoadNoDummyFiles

Allows you to import other parts of the model, which may be required in order to position the dummy correctly.

SelectJoints

Moves to the dummy panel in HyperMesh. Shows the list of joints in the model and allows you to select a joint for viewing the load curves associated with that joint. You can select which curves (x,y,z) should be shown, the updatePlot utility shows the current position of the joint on the load curve by drawing a vertical line. The deletePlot utility deletes the plots created by this tool. If you exit this task without deleting plots, you would need to do that in the delete panel afterwards. Note that only plots will be deleted, none of the load curves will be deleted from the database.

CreateTransformation

Once finished with the positioning of the dummy, you can save this information into a transformation file.

CreateDocumentation

This enables you to update the model documentation as well as create HTML documentation of the process. You can also

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select an image to be embedded in the HTML file. A browser can also be selected to display the HTML file. An h3d file is also embedded into the HTML documentation.

Automatic Positioning:

ExportFiles

You can save the model as a HyperMesh database as well as in PAM-CRASH 2G format. While exporting in PAM-CRASH 2G format, you have the choice of specifying whether you want to delete the additional entities created by the dummy positioning tool.

LoadOnlyDummy

Same as LoadDummy.

ExecuteTransformatio You can select a transformation file, which will n be executed automatically to position the dummy.

Note:

Documentation

Same as CreateDocumentation.

ExportDummy

Same as ExportFiles.

The same transformation file could be applied to different dummies, provided the tree structure remains same.

See also Tool Macro Menu PAM-CRASH 2G Materials Supported for Dummy Positioning Stop Angle Implementation Update Initial Rotation Angle in the JOINT Card

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Materials Supported for Dummy Positioning in PAM-CRASH 2G For the computation of the minimum and maximum angle for the rotation in each direction, the PAM-CRASH 2G materials 220 and 221 are implemented.

See also Dummy Positioning Tool Start Macro Stop Angle Implementation Update Initial Rotation Angle in the JOINT Card

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Stop Angle Implementation Normally, the stop angles are given by load curves. The second and last curve points are used to determine the stop angle. If a load curve has less than four entries, the first and the last entries are used. You can find the implementation of the stop angle in the HM_JOINT_INFO function in the function template of the PAMCRASH 2G Interface. If load curves are not defined for a joint, default values for stop angles ( -270°C to +270°C ) will be displayed in the Dummy Positioning panel.

See also Dummy PositioningTool Start Macro PAM-CRASH 2G Materials Supported for Dummy Positioning Update Initial Rotation Angle in the JOINT Card

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Update Initial Rotation Angle in the JOINT Card The initial rotation angles in the JOINT cards are updated automatically. To update them, use the macro Update Jt Angles on the Tool page.

See also Dummy PositioningTool Start Macro PAM-CRASH 2G Materials Supported for Dummy Positioning Stop Angle Implementation

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Part Replacement Macro The Part Replacement macro allows you to replace the elements in an existing component/part with new elements, typically replacing a part with a similar part that has been re-meshed or slightly re-shaped. This macro not only replaces nodes and elements between parts, it also restores the referenced items in the original model to the new part, e.g. 1-D connections, distributed mass, contacts, loads, and database history. Results are provided that list the entities being replaced and reconnected as well as cases that required, or will require, user interaction.

To replace parts with the Part Replacement macro: 1.

Select the old and new parts. The old part must be in the HyperMesh database. You can use the Select From File button to select a new part from an external PAM-CRASH file or select a part from the HyperMesh database for the new part. Identify the Old Part and New Part components. The name and color of the components are reported once the parts are selected. Click the eye icon to enable/disable the visibility of the part in the graphics area.

2.

Click the Material button to set the material options. Select whether the new part should retain its thickness and material properties or inherit those properties from the old part. Alternatively, you can specify a new thickness value by selecting the UsrThk option and typing a value in the adjacent text box.

3.

Click the Tolerance button to set the tolerance options. The default HyperMesh value for tolerance is 10.0. You can type a different tolerance value in the adjacent text box. Select the No global tolerance check box to suppress tolerance comparisons during the

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replacement operations.

4.

Click Start to activate the replacement operation. The status for each check appears in the Process Manager tab.

The results appear in the main menu area. The entities are sorted on separate tabs; on each tab, the status of the replacement is listed by ID. Successful replacements are marked as fixed, while suggested tolerance values are provided for those that failed.

See also Tool Macro Menu

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Part Info Macro The Part Info macro summarizes a part’s statistics in a dialog. 1.

To start the macro, click Part Info on the Utility Menu.

2.

Click component on the main menu area to select a component or click a component in the graphics area to select it.

3.

Click proceed. The Part Information dialog appears, which lists the part ID, name, thickness, and material type.

4.

To view additional statistics about the part, click More Detail>>.

5.

To display statistics for a different part, select the part in the graphics area or the components selector and click proceed again.

Tip

Click the middle mouse button instead of the proceed button to quickly select components.

See also Tool Macro Menu

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Substructure Tool Macro The Substructure Tool macro provides several features for creating and modifying substructures. Substructures are user-defined sets of finite elements, elements and nodes, or nodes from the initial model. Information defining the substructures and their boundary node displacements are saved in a special file during the initial run. In subsequent runs, this saved data is read in and the saved displacement time histories are applied as imposed displacements to the boundary nodes. The input data set for a subrun must contain all the information needed to perform the subrun. Notes: The SUBDF card is supported as a vector collector in HyperMesh. You must have a pre-existing GES created that contains the nodes/elements of the part defining the substructure. When you open the Substructure Tool macro, the existing substructures are listed in a table-based interface, as shown below. The substructures are sorted by order of creation. The following columns appear in the table: Keyword Name

The name of the substructure

IDEF

Indicates the definition type of the substructure: 0: Only via elements 1: Via elements and boundary nodes 2: Only via boundary nodes

DTSUB

Specifies the time intervals for the boundary node displacement time histories

Elements

Displays the ID of the element-based entity set. You can click the GES… button to use the GES Browser to select an entity set.

Boundary Nodes

Displays the ID of the boundary node-based entity set. You can click the GES… button to use the GES Browser to select an entity set.

Filename SUBRUN

Name of the file that contains the definition of the substructure and its boundary node displacements

Time Factor

Time unit scaling factor

Length Factor

Length unit scaling factor

See also Tool Macro Menu

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RBODY Manager Macro The RBODY Manager is accessible in the PAM-CRASH 2G Tool menu. The RBODY Manager provides the following features in one convenient tab: Display all rigid bodies in the model Display individual rigid bodies Create new, and edit existing, simple and complex rigid body formulations View and update details of individual rigid bodies, though the card editor and the rigid panel The tool is also available in the RADIOSS user profile and offers similar features.

The RBODY Manager in the Tab Area

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Existing rigid bodies are shown in the table. For each rigid body, the display status, ID number, name, master node ID, and type is shown. Column

Description

Disp

Indicates whether the rigid body is displayed in the graphics area.

ID

The ID number of the rigid body.

Title

The descriptive name of the rigid body.

Master Node

The ID of the node that serves as the master node of the rigid body.

Type

S or C. S indicates a simple rigid body, which is a typical spider formulation. C indicates a complex formulation, such as an RBODY that points to a part or a set of sets.

Highlight individual entries or groups of entries to perform an action on the rigid body. Actions are available from the context menu (by right-clicking over the table entries) or the tool bar buttons. These actions are described below: Icon

Name

Action

Review Options

Customize the way the selected rigid bodies are displayed. Options include transparency and auto-review selections.

Review

Highlights the nodes to which the selected RBODY is attached. The master node is shown in blue and the slave nodes are shown in red.

Find Attached

Highlights the elements that are attached to the selected rigid body.

Edit

Modify the definition of the rigid body through the rigid panel.

Card Edit

Opens the RBODY card in the card editor.

Delete

Deletes the selected rigid body.

Refresh

Update the table of rigid bodies.

New rigid bodies can be created with the RBODY Manager. The following fields are available at the bottom of the RBODY Manager tab, which enable you to supply all the basic data needed to create a new RBODY.

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Nodes, parts, materials, properties, and GES can be used to define the slave nodes. Once the RBODY is created, click the refresh button to list it in the table. Then you can select the RBODY to edit the card image, display the RBODY, etc.

Fields to create a new RBODY

Notes: When a large number of slave nodes are attached to a master node, the connecting lines are not displayed in the graphical model. The table of rigid bodies can be sorted by the ID, title, mater node, and type columns. Select Show Details from the context menu to display a summary of details about the rigid body including the ID, name, master node ID, and number of slave nodes. Select Editable from the context menu to make the title column editable. When the Title column is editable you can modify the names of the rigid bodies.

See also Tool Macro Menu

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Apply Initial Metric Macro The Apply Initial Metric macro applies the initial metric to the current model for simulating the inflation of airbags. Refer to the PAM-CRASH documentation for details about using the initial metric. Before using this macro, you must specify an .im file in the METRIC control card. This file specifies the conditions of the airbag inflation.

When you click the Apply Initial Metric macro button, the macro applies the settings in the .im file to the currently-loaded model and displays the inflation motion in the graphics area. When the execution is complete, the macro creates a log file named initial_metric.nodes that contains the NODAL information.

See also Tool Macro Menu

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Organize Xlinks Macro The XLINK Organizer macro can be used to move and arrange existing LINK type elements (PLINK, ELINK, LLINK, SLINK) to existing components. The macro contains the following fields and buttons: Select element:

Select the element type you want to work with.

Prefix:

Filter the element results by the text you type in the adjacent text box. Click Set to run the filter. Makes only the selected elements visible in the graphics display.

Select a component/part to which the selected elements will be added.

Import a component from a PAM-CRASH 2G input file.

To move an XLINK element to a component: 1.

Select the type of link element from the Select element field. The list of elements of that link type are listed in the table along with the parts with which they are associated.

2.

Click the component button to select a component to which you want to add the selected elements.

3.

Click Apply. The selected elements are added to the selected component.

See also Tool Macro Menu

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MASS Manager Macro The MASS Manager is a tool accessible in the PAM-CRASH 2G Tool menu. The MASS Manager provides the following features in one convenient tab: Display all masses in the model Display individual masses Create new, and edit existing simple and advanced mass formulations View, find attached, and update details of individual MASS, though the card editor and the MASS panel.

See also Tool Macro Menu

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Input Fields in the Show ID Ranges User Interface

Input Fields in the User Interface:

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Existing Entity Types in the Model

Allows you to select the entity type for which you want to have the ID range information. SELECT displays a list of all entity types present in the model. You can select a single entity or multiple entities. all displays information for all the entities present in the model. Nodes and elements are always selected.

Maximum Number of Ranges

Allows you to provide the maximum number of ranges (default is 10) to be displayed in the output file. If an entity has a larger number of ranges, it will be truncated.

Display Id’s Type

Allows you to choose to view either the used IDs for an entity or the free IDs for an entity. The option to output free IDs is valid only when you choose Detailed for the overview type.

Display Entity Type

Allows you to select the method in which elements are written to the output file. You can select either HM_entitytype or Element_type. Element_type writes out elements according to the solver definition.

Overview Type

Allows you to choose the overview type. You can select either Detailed or Condensed. If Condensed is selected, only the overall maximum and minimum IDs and the total number of ranges for each entity are displayed. In this case, free IDs will not be displayed even if it is selected. For Detailed, maximum and minimum IDs for each range number (subject to the maximum number of ranges specified) is displayed along with the corresponding range number. In this case, the overall maximum and minimum IDs and the total number of ranges for that entity will also be displayed at the beginning of the information related to the entity.

Id Info for Entities

Allows you to specify whether you want the information for all the entities in the model or only for the entities currently displayed.

Comment String for Solver

Allows you to input a string/character that is placed at the beginning of each line in the output file. This enables you to include the information in the solver deck for further use.

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Find Menu The Find menu contains options that help you find and visualize data. The following macros are included. Temporary Nodes CNODE Clr/All/Dis

Clr: deletes all temp nodes from the model. All/Dis: Finds CNODEs in the complete/displayed model and highlights the nodes as temp nodes.

Find Components: By Elems

Finds all components which have elements in the current (masked) display.

Rbody visualization: All/Dis/Sel

Updates the rigid bodies definition by resolving the references to a GES (set/setofset) by converting them into node lists and displaying the web on the screen. All: Updates all rigid bodies Dis/Sel: Updates displayed or selected rigid bodies, respectively

Find/Mask

Finds/Masks the respective entities. Review the buttons’ tool tips to see the full entity name.

See also Conn Card M1 M2 Sum Tool

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Card Menu The Card menu contains options that help display the PAM-CRASH 2G cards in an editor. The following macros are included. PAM2G cards: PARTS

Shows the 1D, 2D, and 3D PART cards of the displayed components in a viewer.

MATER

Shows the 1D, 2D, and 3D MATER cards of the displayed components in a viewer.

NSM

Shows the NSM cards of the displayed groups in a viewer.

CNTAC

Shows the CNTAC cards of the displayed groups in a viewer.

SECFO

Shows the SECFO cards of the displayed groups in a viewer.

RWALL

Shows the RWALL cards of the displayed groups in a viewer.

GROUP

Shows the GROUP cards of the displayed sets in a viewer.

HM entities: Properties

Shows all properties cards of the displayed properties in a viewer.

Sensors

Shows all SENSOR cards of the displayed sensors in a viewer.

Loads

Shows all loads and load collectors cards of the displayed loads and load collectors in a viewer.

Curves

Shows all FUNCT cards of the model in a viewer.

Airbags

Shows all BAGIN and CHAMBER cards of the displayed control volumes in a viewer.

See also Conn Find M1 M2 Sum Tool

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Sum Menu The Sum menu contains options that execute the PAM-CRASH 2G summary templates and display the resulting text file in a viewer. The following macros are included. Components All/Dis

Execute the components_txt summary and show the results for the complete/displayed model in a viewer.

Materials All/Dis

Execute the materials_txt summary and show the results for the complete/displayed model in a viewer.

Elements All/Dis

Execute the elements_txt summary and show the results for the complete/displayed model in a viewer.

Center Of Gravity All/Dis

Execute the ctr_of_gravity_txt summary and show the results for the complete/displayed model in a viewer.

Moment Of Inertia All/Dis

Execute the moment_of_inertia_txt summary and show the results for the complete/displayed model in a viewer.

Interfaces All/Dis

Execute the groups_txt summary and show the results for the complete/displayed model in a viewer.

Non Struct Masses All/Dis

Execute the nsmas_txt summary and show the results for the complete/displayed model in a viewer.

Property ALL

Execute the property_txt summary and show the results for the complete/displayed model in a viewer.

Sensors ALL

Execute the sensors_txt summary and show the results for the complete/displayed model in a viewer.

See also Conn Card Find M1 M2 Sum Tool

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M1 Menu The M1 menu contains options that set the correct element or load type and enter the appropriate HyperMesh panel. The following macros are included. PART/: 3D/2D/1D/LINK

Enters the components panel, selects the comps collector, and sets the correct card image.

MATER/: 3D/2D/1D/LINK

Enters the components panel, selects the mats collector, and sets the correct card image.

PLY_DATA

Enters the components panel, selects the mats collector, and sets the correct dictionary.

Mass elements: MASS

Sets the element type mass = to MASS and enters the mass panel.

NSMAS

Enters the interfaces panel and sets the card image to nsmas.

Constraints: RBODY

Sets the element type rigid = to RBODY and enters the rigids panel.

NODCO

Sets the element type rigid = to NODCO and enters the rigids panel.

RWALL

Enters the rigid walls panel and set the card image = to RWALL.

CNTAC

Enters the interfaces panel and sets the card image = to CNTAC.

TIED

Enters the interfaces panel and sets the card image = to TIED.

Elements: BAR

Sets the element type 1dele = to BAR and enters the 1d elems panel.

BEAM

Sets the element type beam = to BEAM and enters the beams panel.

KJOINT

Sets the element type 1dele = to KJOIN and enters the 1d elems panel.

JOINT

Sets the element type 1dele = to JOINT and enters the 1d elems panel.

SPRING

Sets the element type spring = to SPRING and enters the springs panel.

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SHELL

Sets the element type tria3 = and quad4 = to SHELL.

MEMBR

Sets the element type tria3 = and quad4 = to SHELL.

TRIA_C

Sets the element type tria3 = TRIA_C.

SOLID

Sets the element type tetra4, pyramid5, penta6, and hex8 = to SOLID.

BSHEL

Sets the element type hex8 = to BSHEL.

Link elements: PLINK

Sets the element type mass = to PLINK and enters the mass panel.

ELINK

Sets the element type 1dele = to ELINK and enters the 1d elems panel.

LLINK

Sets the element type 1dele = to LLINK and enters the 1d elems panel.

SLINK

Sets the element type tria3 = and quad4 = to SLINK.

See also Conn Card Find M2 Sum Tool

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M2 Menu The M2 menu contains options that set the correct element or load type and enter the appropriate HyperMesh panel. The following macros are included. Auxiliaries: FRICT

Enters the components panel, selects the props collector, and sets card image = to FRICTION.

RUPMO

Enters the components panel, selects the props collector, and sets card image = to RUPTURE_MODEL.

SENSO

Enters the sensors panel.

CURVES

Enters the edit curves panel and set the radio button to modify.

Safety: SLIPR

Sets element type mass = to SLIPRING and enters the mass panel.

RETRA

Sets element type mass = to RETRACTR and enters the mass panel.

BAGIN

Enters the airbag panel and sets the card image to BAGIN.

CHAMB

Enters the airbag panel and sets the card image to CHAMBER.

GASPC

Enters the components panel, selects the props collector, and sets card image = to GASPEC.

Plot output: THNOD

Enters the output blocks panel and changes the type to nodes.

THELE

Enters the output blocks panel and changes the type to elements.

SENPT

Sets element type mass = to SENPT and enters the mass panel.

SECFO_SECTION

Enters the interfaces panel and sets card image = to SECFO_SECTION.

SECFO_SUPPORT

Enters the interfaces panel and sets card image = to SECFO_SUPPORT.

SECFO_VOLFRAC

Enters the interfaces panel and sets card image = to SECFO_VOLFRAC .

SECFO_PLANE

Enters the rigid walls panel and sets card image = to SECFO_PLANE.

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Nodals: FRAME

Enters the systems panel.

NODE

Enters the nodes panel.

INVEL

Sets load type velocity = to INVEL and enters the velocity panel.

VEL3D

Sets load type velocity = to VEL3D and enters the velocity panel.

RVE3D

Sets load type velocity = to RVE3D and enters the velocity panel.

ACC3D

Sets load type acceleration = to ACC3D and enters the acceleration panel.

RDV3D

Sets load type velocity = to RDV3D and enters the velocity panel.

RDA3D

Sets load type acceleration = to RDA3D and enters the acceleration panel.

RAC3D

Sets load type acceleration = to RAC3D and enters the acceleration panel.

BOUNC

Sets load type constraint = to BOUNC and enters the constraints panel.

DIS3D

Sets load type constraint = to DIS3D and enters the constraints panel.

DIS3DX

Sets load type constraint = to DIS3DX and enters the constraints panel.

DIS3DM

Sets load type constraint= to DIS3DM and enters the constraints panel.

RAN3D

Sets load type constraint= to RAN3D and enters the constraints panel.

RDD3D

Sets load type constraint= to RDD3D and enters the constraints panel.

CONLO

Sets load type force= to CONLO and enters the forces panel.

Analysis by keyword: LOADCOLS

Enters the collector panel, switches the type to loadcols and sets the card image to INVEL.

See also Conn Card

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Find M1 Sum Tool

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Conn Menu The Conn menu contains options that lets you manage connectors in the model. The following macros are included. Connector organize: ByPinkPart

Organizes the connectors by the parts of the associated Plink elements.

Renumber: NodeID/Plink ID

Node ID: Renumber nodes for displayed plinks such that plinkId = plinkNodeId. Plink ID: Renumber displayed plinks such that plinkId = plinkNodeId.

Connector panel: Feabsorb/Quality/ Realize

Enters the connectors panel, and then fe absorb/quality/fe realize panel, depending on the selected macro.

Find att to P(X)LINKs

Ces: finds connectors attached to the displayed link entity. Com: finds all components attached to the displayed link entity. Mcom: finds all master components attached to the displayed link entity. Scom: finds all slave components attached to the displayed link entity.

Find att to CE

PL: finds Plinks attached to the displayed connectors. Com: finds all components attached to the displayed connectors.

Find att to Comps

Finds entities attached to the displayed components.

Find/Mask

Finds/Masks the entities depending upon the selected macros.

See also Card Find M1 M2 Sum Tool

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GES Macro The GES macro displays a GES Browser that lets you manage sets in the model. Because general entity selection is mapped as a set of sets in the PAM-CRASH 2G interface, the need to manage the sets becomes more crucial for the effective and efficient handling of the model.

Functionalities included in the GES Browser

Creating a set, group or GES. Renaming sets. Modifying sets (drag and drop facility is available). Reviewing sets Deleting sets Adding/deleting entities to sets Adding/removing keywords to/from GES (set of set) Adding ranges/comments to the sets Resolving ranges Reviewing as PAM-CRASH 2G card Changing the keyword (for example, ELE to DELELE) Filter the entities to be displayed in the browser. For example, you can only select sets of sets or component sets for viewing. Filtering by ID and name is also possible. For example, if you enter 1-100; 200; 300-400 in the Ids field, it will display all GES/Sets (including child items) with IDs 1 to100, 200 and 300 to 400. Similarly in the Name field, you can enter a keyword such as face and the browser displays all items (including child items) whose name contains face. Selecting by name Finding and deleting empty GES Finding unused GES Resolving unresolved groups - This function is useful in case of assembling model from different files. It may happen that the group referenced in first file is defined in second file. In this case when first file is loaded, the group is imported as an unresolved group. When the second file is also loaded, this utility can be used to resolve the unresolved group references. Creating/modifying interfaces Reviewing interfaces as contact surfaces

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Creating/modifying rigid walls Creating/modifying section forces Creating/modifying loadcols Direct access to the card editor for interfaces, loadcols and components DELNOD Card

The following parameters are available via the DELNOD card: ELE GRP PART NOD SEG EDG ELE > NOD PART > NOD GRP > NOD DELNOD DELELE DELPART DELGRP DELELE > NOD DELPART > NOD DELGRP > NOD

Note:

When you add a set to the GES using drag and drop functionality of the browser, a new set is created with the exact copy of the contents of the original set, therefore, the changes made to this new set are local in effect but in case of adding a group to the GES, only a reference is made to the existing GROUP definition. You can modify the GROUP by using the references also but there exist only one copy of the group in the model. Therefore while modifying one of the references, you should always keep in mind that this change will also affect all the other references to this group and the group itself is modified. In case the group does not exist in the model, it is created. If you don't want to create the group, instead use the functionality Unresolved Groups > Edit and add the group there. This will be exported correctly. You can also create a config file, which saves all information about various GES Browser options, such as DisplayComments (Yes/No), DisplayRanges (Yes/No), confirmChanges (Yes/No), etc. Later on, this config file can be used to restore these settings. By default, a config file ( gesbrowser.cfg) is saved in the working directory for each session of the GES Browser and

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settings from this file are applied every time the browser is built. These functionalities can be invoked from the buttons LoadCFG/SaveCFG.

See also Conn Card Find M1 M2 Sum Tool

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Component Table Macro This macro displays the components and their associated attributes in an interactive, customizable table. Only the configured items will be displayed in the table. You can create a component, select components, assign materials to components, change component colors and visualization mode, etc. The mass, nsmass, and center of gravity of the components can be viewed in the table. The sum of selected attributes, such as mass and nsmass, are also displayed at the bottom of the Component Table. This tool can also be used to assign database materials to the components. Under the menu item user, there is an option to set the path for material database. Once this path is set you can reload the table in edit mode. At the top menu bar, separate lists for materials in the model and database materials appear. You can then select the component(s) and assign the material from any of the lists. Database materials are shown in green color while the normal materials are shown in grey. Unresolved materials are shown in red color. Columns can be moved interactively to arrange them in a desired order. This can be done by pressing the left mouse button and dragging the column to the desired location (left mouse button must be kept pressed while dragging). This information is saved and on reloading the Component Table, columns will be arranged accordingly. Most of the functions in the Component Table can also be accessed by a mouse-click. You can also create a config file, which saves all information about various Component Table options, such as which columns to show, displayed or all, confirmChanges (Yes/No), etc. Later on, this config file can be used to restore these settings. By default, a config file (comptable.cfg) is saved in the working directory for each Component Table session and settings from this file are applied every time the table is built. This functionality can be found in the Table > Configure submenu.

See also Conn Card Find M1 M2 Sum Tool

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PERMAS Utility Menu The PERMAS Utility Menu is loaded when you open the PERMAS user profile. The macros on the PERMAS Utility Menu simplifies some common tasks for the PERMAS user profile. The following PERMAS macros are available:

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Convert Groups

Convert element-based surfaces that were created in Abaqus to PERMAS surfaces

PLOT NLLOAD

Macro plotting NLLOAD cards

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Convert Groups The Convert Groups macro allows you to convert element-based surfaces that were created in Abaqus to PERMAS surfaces. While in the Abaqus user profile, use the Contact Manager to create as many element-based surfaces (*SURFACE, TYPE=ELEMENT) as needed. When finished, switch to the PERMAS user profile (by clicking Preferences > User Profile) and click the Convert Groups macro. $SURFACE ELEMENTS are created based on the contact surfaces identified in the model. Currently, only *SURFACE cards defined on individual element IDs of shells or solids are translated. If a surface is defined on sets, it will not be translated. Also, it is necessary to have face identifiers defined.

Examples of entities converted: *SURFACE, NAME = surf_1, TYPE = ELEMENT 1, SPOS *SURFACE, NAME = surf_2, TYPE = ELEMENT 2, S1

Examples of entities that will not convert: **Element ID, but no face identifier given *SURFACE, NAME = surf_3, TYPE = ELEMENT 2, **Surface definition based on element set *SURFACE, NAME = surf_4, TYPE = ELEMENT Element_set1, SPOS

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Creating an NLLOAD Card To create an NLLOAD card, you must first create and edit a loadstep card. When a loadstep is created, an NLLOAD card can be created by checking the NLLOAD checkbox in the card image of the loadstep. The NLLOAD card defines the tabular load history for static or transient analysis. To utilize the NLLOAD card, the LOADING option must be selected. LOADING is set as the default. The card image lists all the load collectors currently assigned to the load step. Continue following the steps to set the NLLOAD card time load history: 1.

In the Card Editor, ensure that the AnalysisProcedure toggle is set to LOADING.

2.

Place a check next to NLLOAD.

3.

Under TIME Selection, choose either TIME/LIST or TIME/dt. If you select TIME/LIST, the load pattern is determined by individual values entered in the TIME fields. It will set the iterations to a series of steps at specific points. If you select TIME/dt, you can specify the time steps in the first dataline with the start value and increment value. All subsequent datalines are automatically populated based on this information. The load history is now set to a series of regular intervals.

4.

Enter a value in the NoOfLPATS field. This determines the number of load patterns (load collectors) you want to add to the NLLOAD card.

5.

Enter the value in the TimeSteps field in the upper part of the card image.

6.

For each TIME/STEP pattern created, enter values in the TIME fields to set the starting value and the increment values.

7.

For each TIME/dt pattern created, enter the starting value in the t field and the increment value in the dt field. The TIME fields are automatically populated.

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Note:

For a better readablility on export, if the columns exceed the line length (currently set to 80 characters), a new NLLOAD keyword is written. On import NLLOAD will be written in this format but also if lines of each load pattern is continued with ampersands.

. 8.

Click return to close the Card Editor.

9.

Click return to close the Load Steps panel.

Note:

On export, if the columns exceed the line length (currently set to 80 characters), the lines will be continued by an ampersand (&). This is also the format the reader can understand from the .dat file only.

Using the PLOT NLLOAD Macro You can use the PLOT NLLOAD macro on the Utility Menu to draw the load history plots. 1.

On the Utility Menu, click the Plot NLLOAD button. The load step just created is displayed and the values entered in the NLLOAD card are shown.

2.

You can edit these values in the $NLLOAD table on the right side of the window, although you cannot add new columns or new load collectors at this point.

3.

Use the Display checkbox to turn the display of particular load steps on and off.

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RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu The RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu is accessible when the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile is loaded. It contains shortcuts and tools that help simplify RADIOSS tasks.

To load the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile: 1.

From the Preferences menu, select the User Profile option.

2.

Select the RADIOSS Block profile.

3.

Select the Block110, Block100, Block91, Block51, Block44 or Block42 template.

The RADIOSS user profile activates the RADIOSS macro, sets the FE input reader to RadiossBlk, and loads the corresponding RADIOSS FE output template. Also, the graphical user interface becomes RADIOSS specific, renaming and/or removing some panels and options. The RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu contains the Tools sub-menu in addition to the standard Utility Menu functions.

See also Tools Menu Other Tools

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Tools Menu The Tools menu contains utilities that simplify many common tasks in RADIOSS (Block Format). The following macros are included:

Create Part

Creates a new component quickly.

Clone Part

Creates a new part from the properties of an existing part.

Part Info

Displays statistics of a selected part.

Material Table...

Allows you to easily create materials for RADIOSS (Block Format).

Component Table

Opens the Components and Properties table, displaying a tabular list of the \PARTs (components) in the model.

Relative Displacement

Helps create the TH/SPRING card, which supports time histories with spring output.

RBODY Manager

Displays information about rigid bodies in the model.

BCs Manager

Creates boundary conditions of any load collector type other than ACTIV.

ADMAS Manager

Displays information about masses in the model.

Accelerometer

Creates and edits time history ACCEL cards to track accelerometer output requests.

Welds

Creates meshless welding using the RADIOSS (Block Format) interface type 2 and springs.

Delete Dup Elems

Identifies and removes duplicate master and slave elements from Interface and Rigidwall.

Engine File Tool

Exports cards with runtime options in D01 format.

Model Check

Checks your model for potential problems with properties, materials, element quality, etc. and reports them on-screen. The report identifies the problem entity by ID, and describes the error.

See also RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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RBODY Manager The RBODY Manager is accessible in the RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu. The RBODY Manager provides the following features in one convenient tab: Display all rigid bodies in the model Display individual rigid bodies Create new, and edit existing, simple and complex rigid body formulations View and update details of individual rigid bodies, though the card editor and the Rigid panel

The RBODY Manager in the tab area

Existing rigid bodies are shown in the table. For each rigid body, the display status, ID number, name,

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master node ID, and type is shown. Column

Description

Disp

Indicates whether the rigid body is displayed in the graphics area.

ID

The ID number of the rigid body.

Title

The descriptive name of the rigid body.

Master Node

The ID of the node that serves as the master node of the rigid body.

Type

S or C. S indicates a simple rigid body, which is a typical spider formulation. C indicates a complex formulation, such as an RBODY that points to a part or a set of sets.

Highlight individual entries or groups of entries to perform an action on the rigid body. Actions are available from the context menu (by right-clicking over the table entries) or the tool bar buttons. These actions are described below: Icon

Name

Action

Review Options

Customize the way the selected rigid bodies are displayed. Options include transparency and auto-review selections.

Review

Highlights the nodes to which the selected RBODY is attached. The master node is shown in blue and the slave nodes are shown in red.

Find Attached

Highlights the elements that are attached to the selected rigid body.

Edit

Modify the definition of the rigid body through the Rigid panel.

Card Edit

Opens the RBODY card in the Card Editor.

Delete

Deletes the selected rigid body.

Refresh

Update the table of rigid bodies.

New rigid bodies can be created with the RBODY Manager. The following fields are available at the bottom of the RBODY Manager tab, which enable you to supply all the basic data needed to create a new RBODY.

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Nodes, parts, materials, properties, and GRNODs can be used to define the slave nodes. Once the RBODY is created, click the refresh button to list it in the table. Then you can select the RBODY to edit the card image, display the RBODY, etc.

Fields to create a new RBODY

Notes: When a large number of slave nodes are attached to a master node, the connecting lines are not displayed in the graphical model. The table of rigid bodies can be sorted by the ID, title, mater node, and type columns. Select Show Details from the context menu to display a summary of details about the rigid body including the ID, name, master node ID, and number of slave nodes. Select Editable from the context menu to make the title column editable. When the Title column is editable you can modify the names of the rigid bodies.

The tool is also available in the PAM-CRASH 2G user profile and offers similar features.

See also Tools Menu RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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Part Info The Part Info macro summarizes a part’s statistics in a dialog. 1.

To start the macro, click Part Info on the Utility Menu.

2.

Click component on the main menu area to select a component or click a component in the graphics area to select it.

3.

Click proceed. The Part Information dialog appears, which lists the part ID, name, thickness, and material type.

4.

To view additional statistics about the part, click More Detail>>.

5.

To display statistics for a different part, select the part in the graphics area or the components selector and click proceed again.

Tip

Click the middle mouse button instead of the proceed button to quickly select components.

See also Tools Menu RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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Clone Part The Clone Part macro enables you to quickly create a new part from the properties of an existing part. Select the existing part on which to model the new part by clicking the … button, which opens a dialog listing all the existing components. Select a component from the list and click OK. Type a name for the new part in the New Part field and click the color icon to select a color for the component. Select whether to duplicate the material and section properties or to re-use the original material and section properties. Duplicate means that a new material and section is created (the name is suffixed with .n version numbers and new IDs are used) with the same properties, while Reuse refers to the same material and section as the original. Select whether to duplicate the elements. Duplicate elements will make a copy of the elements from the selected part to new part in the same location. Click Create>> to either create or create and edit the card.

See also Tools Menu RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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Create Part The Create Part macro enables you to create components on-the-fly. It can be accessed by clicking Create Part on the Utility Menu. Type a name for the new component in the Part name field and select a color by clicking the adjacent color icon. Select a section in the Section field by choosing Create New (create a new section), Same As (create a new section based on an existing section), or Model… (select an existing section) from the selection menu. Select a material for the component in the Material field by the same method as described above for the Section field. Click Create>> to either create or create and edit the card.

See also Tools Menu RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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ADMAS Manager The ADMAS Manager is a tool accessible in the RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu. The ADMAS Manager provides the following features in one convenient tab: Display all masses in the model Display individual masses Create new, and edit existing, simple and advanced mass formulations View, find attached, and update details of individual ADMAS, though the card editor and the admas panel.

Create ADMAS To create a new mass, make a selection in the Type: field. M option - nodal mass defined separately on each selected node. MADV0 option - nodal mass defined on the selected nodes as a set. Defined mass is the mass added to each node in the set. MADV1 option - nodal mass defined on the selected nodes as a set. Defined mass is the total mass added to nodes in the set.

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Note: The tool is also available in the PAM-CRASH 2G user profile and offers similar features.

How do I... Create a standard M mass Create an advanced mass Update the mass element

See also admas panel Tools Menu RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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Engine File Tool The RADIOSS Engine File Tool is accessible through the Tools page on the RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu. When you click the Engine File button, the following dialog is displayed:

Engine files are used to set up the model, including termination times, output requests, and other checks that control the execution of the job. This tool helps you export Engine files cards with runtime options in the RADIOSS (Block Format) Engine File Tool. You can begin by loading a 0000.rad file and/or an existing 0001.rad file. Then use the tabs on the tool’s dialog to prepare keywords. Each tab corresponds to a supported keyword or group of keywords in the input deck. An additional tab (UNSUP) exists for manual entry of unsupported keywords. When you have finished setting up keywords in the Engine File Tool, click the Export button to create the engine file. The following list describes the tabs that are available on the Engine File Tool dialog. For detailed descriptions of the keywords and options refer to the RADIOSS ENGINE documentation.

599

GENERAL

Contains fields for several basic keywords. The /RUN and /VERS fields are required.

ANIM

Contains animation-related options.

BC

Contains boundary condition-related options.

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DEL

Contains deletion-related options including interfaces and elements.

DT

Contains options related to time step defaults.

FUNCT

Contains the keyword for redefining the function number Ifunc.

INTER

Contains the keyword for activation and deactivation of interfaces.

RBODY

Contains options for rigid body activation and deactivation.

MISC

Contains a collection of unrelated options, including /MADYMO/ON to activate MADYMO/RADIOSS couplings, /PATRAN to write PATRAN displacement and element files, /KEREL to set kinetic energy relaxation, and /KEREL/1 to set kinetic energy relaxation based on node group numbers.

INIV

Contains options to set initial rotational and translational velocities for single or multiple sets of nodes.

VEL

Contains options to set rotational and translational velocities.

UNSUP

Contains a text box in which you can manually specify cards. Refer to the RADIOSS ENGINE documentation for syntax rules. The text box supports basic text editing, such as the Copy/Paste functions (CTRL+X, CTRL+C, CTRL+V). You can use this tab to paste plain text from an existing deck.

The Engine File Tool also contains the following buttons, which are available from any tab. Apply

Updates the database with the changes. Click Apply before exporting to ensure that all changes are included in the D01 file.

Clear

Deletes data from the fields on the current tab. When you click the Clear button, you can select options from a pop-up menu to clear the values on the current tab (Clear Page) or the fields on all tabs (Clear All).

Undo

Deletes data on the current tab that has been entered since the last time the database was refreshed with the Apply button.

Export

Opens the Save As dialog, where you can specify the location of the D01 file. Click Export after entering all the required information on the tabs.

Close

Closes the Engine File Tool macro.

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See also Tools Menu RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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GENERAL Tab Type values for the /TITLE, /RUN, and /VERS fields; these keywords are required. Optionally, select keywords from the bottom row. When you select a check box, rows are created in the table below, in which you can specify parameters for the keyword.

Click Apply to save the changes for the GENERAL tab.

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ANIM Tab Choose keywords by selecting the adjacent check box. For /ANIM/Key2/Key3, /ANIM/BRICK/TENS/Key4, ANIM/Key1/FORC, /ANIM/SHELL/TENS/Key4, and /ANIM/VECT/Key3 specify the number of cards you want to create by typing a value in the Card count field and pressing Enter. The corresponding number of rows will appear below for you to specify the keyword options. Select the keyword options from the drop down lists, as shown in the following example of /ANIM/Key2/Key3.

For /ANIM/SENSOR, type the number of cards in the Card count field and press Enter to create the corresponding number of rows below. Then type values for the sensor property set (ISens) and time frequency (Tfreq). Similarly for /ANIM/DT, type values for the start time (TStart) and time frequency (Tfreq). Click Apply to save the changes for the ANIM tab.

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BC Tab Choose keywords by selecting the adjacent check box. Type the number of cards in the Card count field and press Enter; the corresponding number of rows appears below in which you must select the directions (any combination of X, Y, and Z) for the rotational or material translational degrees of freedom. Choose a direction from the drop-down menus in the DOF list. Optionally, specify a frame number in the frame id column, which applies the boundary conditions only to the specified frame number. You can also choose a system from the model by right-clicking in the frame id column and selecting Pick System Id from Model. Then specify nodes for which the boundary condition is applied (or released) in the Nodes section at the bottom of the tab. You can type the node values in the cells directly or right-click on a cell and choose Pick Node from Model to select node data from the database. If you manually enter a node value that does not exist in the model, a warning message appears and the node value is displayed in red in the cell. Note:

You can select multiple values at once by picking several nodes before clicking proceed. If you renumber the entities in HyperMesh, the node values you have already selected in the Engine File Tool will be automatically updated to reflect the new numbering.

Click Apply to save the changes for the BC tab.

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DEL Tab To select /DELINT and /DEL/INTER, select the adjacent check box. For /DEL/INTER, specify interface ID numbers in the cells below. Type a number in the field next to the check box and press Enter to create more rows of cells to type data into. For /DEL/Keyword2 and /DEL/Keyword2/1, select the check boxes next to the element types you want to delete. Type a number in the Card count field to create cards below. Then type element ID numbers in the cells or right-click in a cell and choose Pick Element from Model to pick an element from the model. If you manually enter a node value that does not exist in the model, a warning message appears and the node value is displayed in red in the cell. Note

If you renumber the entities in HyperMesh, the node values you have already selected in the Engine File Tool will be automatically updated to reflect the new numbering.

Click Apply to save the changes for the DEL tab.

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DT Tab Select the check boxes of the keywords you want to include. For /DT, /DT1/SHELL, and /DTIX, specify values for the various scale and time options in the fields to the right of each check box. For /DT/Keyword2, specify a number of cards in the Card Count= field, which creates a row for each card in the table below. For each row, select an option type and type values for the time step scale factor, minimum time step, group node ID number, and group node flag. For /DT/Keyword2/Keyword3, specify a number of cards in the Card Count= field, which creates a row for each card in the table below. For each row, select the option type and time step control type and type values for the time step scale factor, minimum time step, group node ID number, and group node flag. Click Apply to save the changes for the DT tab.

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FUNCT Tab Select the check box to include the /FUNCT keyword, which is used to redefine the function number that was initially defined in the RADIOSS STARTER D00 file. Type a function number in the Add IFUNC field and press Enter. The function number appears in the IFUNC drop-down list. Then type the list of X and Y value pairs for the points. The number of points must match the number of points used to define the original function number. Click Apply to save the changes for the FUNCT tab.

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INTER Tab Select the check box to include the /INTER keyword, which is used to activate and deactivate interfaces. Type the number of cards in the Card Count field and press Enter. The corresponding number of rows appears in the table below. Type values in each column for the interface number, search cycle, start time , and stop time. Click Apply to save the changes for the INTER tab.

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RBODY Tab Select the check boxes to include the /RBODY/ON and /RBODY/OFF keywords. For each keyword, type the number of cards in the Card Count field and press Enter. The corresponding number of rows appears in the table below each keyword. Type values in the table cells for the primary node numbers of the rigid bodies. You can type the node values in the cells directly or right-click on a cell and choose Pick Node from Model to select node data from the database. If you manually enter a node value that does not exist in the model, a warning message appears and the node value is displayed in red in the cell. Note:

You can select multiple values at once by picking several nodes before clicking proceed. If you renumber the entities in HyperMesh, the node values you have already selected in the Engine File Tool will be automatically updated to reflect the new numbering.

Click Apply to save the changes for the RBODY tab.

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MISC Tab For /MADYMO/ON and /PATRAN, select the check boxes and type values for the associated keyword options. For /KEREL, select the check box. For /KEREL/1, select the check box, type a number of cards in the Card Count field, and type node group numbers in the GR_Nodes list below. Click Apply to save the changes for the MISC tab.

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INIV Tab For all keywords on this tab, select the check box to include the keyword, type the number of cards in the Card Count field, and press Enter. The corresponding number of rows appears in the DOF list below each keyword. Select a degree of freedom for the rotational or translational velocity (any combination of X, Y, and Z) with the drop-down lists. Type node values in the table at the bottom of the tab. Increase the Card count field value to add more rows to the table. You can type the node values in the cells directly or right-click on a cell and choose Pick Node from Model to pick node data from the database. If you manually enter a node value that does not exist in the model, a warning message appears and the node value is displayed in red in the cell. Note: You can select multiple values at once by picking several nodes before clicking proceed. If you renumber the entities in HyperMesh, the node values you have already selected in the Engine File Tool will be automatically updated to reflect the new numbering.

Click Apply to save the changes for the INIV tab.

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VEL Tab Choose keywords by selecting the adjacent check box. Type the number of cards in the Card count field and press Enter; the corresponding number of rows appears below in which you must select the directions (any combination of X, Y, and Z) for the rotational velocity or velocity for material translational degrees of freedom. Choose a direction from the drop-down menus in the DOF list. Optionally, specify a frame number in the frame id column, which applies the velocity equation to the specified frame number. Then specify nodes on which the velocity equation will be applied in the Nodes section at the bottom of the tab. You can type the node values in the cells directly or right-click on a cell and choose Pick Node from Model to pick node data from the database. If you manually enter a node value that does not exist in the model, a warning message appears and the node value is displayed in red in the cell. Note: You can select multiple values at once by picking several nodes before clicking proceed. If you renumber the entities in HyperMesh, the node values you have already selected in the Engine File Tool will be automatically updated to reflect the new numbering.

Click Apply to save the changes for the VEL tab.

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Meshless Welds Macro The RADIOSS Meshless Welds macro is accessible through the Tools page on the RADIOSS Utility Menu . When you select the Welds button, the following dialog is displayed:

This macro allows you to create meshless welds for RADIOSS (Block Format) using /SPRING elements and /INTER/TYPE2 to connect the shell together. Additionally, a /PROP/SPR_BEAM with user-defined custom properties is created. The macro identifies the current template and creates welds for both RADIOSS (Fixed Format) or (Block Format) models.

To use the Meshless Welds macro: 1.

Select a master weld file to define the weld locations. This file must contain the coordinates of the weld points and the component IDs of connected parts. Weld files can be written out by exporting connectors in the Export tab.

2.

Select the spring property file.

3.

Specify the Spring FE config and an appropriate weld research tolerance.

4.

Click create.

Meshless welds are created and grouped into components based on the parts to which they are attached and the property of the spring is created according to the strength of attached parts. INTER/Type2 interfaces are created. Plot elements are created to facilitate the review of meshless welds and attached components. These plot elements connect the welds to corresponding parts.

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You can select one of the following options: Activate create single components for spring to store all the /SPRINGs into the same component. Activate the Convert plotels to spring to replace the default HMPLOT element (not supported by RADIOSS) into a /SPRING element that can be imported back into the program and used together with find attached. Weld tolerance is used in the connector search algorithm to identify welds and attached parts. The spring property file defines the data to be used in computing spring properties for RADIOSS (Block Format) beam type springs /PROP/SPR_BEAM. The sample file, Radiossweld_config.ini, is stored in the hm\scripts\connectors directory of the Altair installation and its format is shown below. Radiossweld_config.ini n the hm\scripts\connectors\ # HWVERSION_11.0 Variables MASS Inertia

0.002 0.1

K1

100.0

K2

500.0

K3

500.0

K4

5000.0

K5

5000.0

K6

5000.0

Delmin1

-1.25

Delmax1

1.25

Delmin2

-1.25

Delmax2

1.25

Delmin3

-1.25

Delmax3

1.25

Delmin4

0.0

Delmax4

0.0

Delmin5

0.0

Delmax5

0.0

Delmin6

0.0

Delmax6

0.0

End

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# Normal Force Function CVID1

9 -100.0

0.0

-1.26

0.0

-1.25

-Fn

-0.125

-Fn

0.0

0.0

0.125

Fn

1.25

Fn

1.26

0.0

100.0

0.0

# End Normal Force Function

# Shear Force Function CVID2

9 -100.0

0.0

-1.26

0.0

-1.25

-Fs

-0.125

-Fs

0.0

0.0

0.125

Fs

1.25

Fs

1.26

0.0

100.0

0.0

# End Shear Force Function

Generic Spot Weld Failure Force Table Sheet metal gauge in mm T > Steel

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Shear force

T =<

Fs[kN]

Normal force Fn[kN]

YS < 120 MPa

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~

0.6

2.7

0.9

0.6

0.8

3.6

1.2

0.8

0.9

4.4

1.5

0.9

1.0

5.3

1.9

1.0

1.1

6.2

2.2

1.1

1.3

7.1

2.5

1.3

1.4

8.0

2.8

1.4

1.5

9.1

3.2

1.5

1.8

11.1

3.9

1.8

2.0

12.5

4.4

2.0

2.3

15.1

5.3

2.3

2.7

18.2

6.4

2.7

~

21.8

7.6

Steel1

617

YS = 120to220 MPa ~

0.6

2.7

0.9

0.6

0.8

3.6

1.2

0.8

0.9

4.4

1.5

0.9

1.0

5.3

1.9

1.0

1.1

6.2

2.2

1.1

1.3

7.1

2.5

1.3

1.4

8.0

2.8

1.4

1.5

9.1

3.2

1.5

1.8

11.1

3.9

1.8

2.0

12.5

4.4

2.0

2.3

15.1

5.3

2.3

2.7

18.2

6.4

2.7

~

21.8

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Steel3

YS = 221to500 MPa ~

0.6

4.9

1.7

0.6

0.8

6.7

2.3

0.8

0.9

8.5

3.0

0.9

1.0

10.2

3.6

1.0

1.1

12.0

4.2

1.1

1.3

13.8

4.8

1.3

1.4

15.6

5.5

1.4

1.5

17.8

6.2

1.5

1.8

21.8

7.6

1.8

2.0

25.0

8.8

2.0

2.3

31.1

10.9

2.3

2.7

38.7

13.5

2.7

~

44.5

15.6

Steel4

YS > 500 MPa ~

0.6

4.9

1.7

0.6

0.8

6.7

2.3

0.8

0.9

8.5

3.0

0.9

1.0

10.2

3.6

1.0

1.1

12.0

4.2

1.1

1.3

13.8

4.8

1.3

1.4

15.6

5.5

1.4

1.5

17.8

6.2

1.5

1.8

21.8

7.6

1.8

2.0

25.0

8.8

2.0

2.3

31.1

10.9

2.3

2.7

38.7

13.5

2.7

~

44.5

15.6

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The values of relevant variables are defined in the first section and these values are copied directly onto the RADIOSS (Block Format) spring property cards. The second and third sections define the normal and shear force functions with nine data points. Based on the strength of the connected components, the Weld macro calculates appropriate force function for each weld. Except for the value of Fn and Fs, the data points remain constant and equal to the values defined in the normal and shear force functions. Force function defines deformation vs force values as required by RADIOSS (Block Format). Finally, the last section contains the force tables as a function of yield stress of the material. You can enter any number of tables into this section. Each table identifies the yield strength of the material and the normal and shear force of the weld corresponding to the thickness range. During the macro execution for every weld the macro identifies the connected parts and for each part, the macro extracts the corresponding shear and normal force from these tables based on the part thickness and material yield strength. The lowest shear and normal force of each weld is identified by comparing the force values of the attached components and is used in the spring property definition of the weld.

See also Tools Menu RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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Material Table Macro The Material Table macro, located on the Tools page of the RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu, allows you to easily create materials for RADIOSS (Block Format).

To use the Material Table macro: 1.

Select the Tools macro page.

2.

Click the Material Table... macro button. All existing materials are retrieved and populated in the table.

The columns can be sorted by clicking the column heading, and can be resized by clicking and dragging the edges of the columns within the table itself. Create/Load Allows you to create a new material. There are three options, New..., Same as... and Load/edit. New...

Opens entry fields and menus that allow you name and select the properties of the new material. To use the New... option: 1.

Enter a name for the new material in the New Material Name: field.

2.

Click the Material type: switch and select a material type from the drop-down menu. This menu contains the subcategories of materials. Each sub category clearly indicates the supported material type. Materials are listed with the MAT# and complete RADIOSS (Block Format) type. Select the type and click the create/edit button to create a material and open the card edit mode.

3.

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Input the appropriate values as necessary for the material in the card image.

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Same as

4.

After you input the values, click return to exit from the panel.

5.

Click Return in the Material Table.

The parameters are exactly the same as New... except that the Material Type alias, existing material for Same as must be selected from the table. 1.

Left click on the material row that you want to duplicate.

2.

Click Create/Load.

3.

Click Same as...

4.

Specify a name for the new material in the New Material Name: field.

5.

Click create/edit to display the card image.

6.

Specify the appropriate values and click return on the panel.

7.

Click Return in the material table.

Note:

The E, Nu, and Rho columns are populated only if the fields are available in the material card.

Load/edit The Load/edit function allows you to change the material type of a selected material and load the appropriate card image so that you can make changes to it.

Edit...

1.

Left click on the material row that you want to edit.

2.

Click Create/Load.

3.

Make a selection in the Material Type: field.

4.

Click the Load/edit button.

5.

Specify the appropriate values and click return on the panel.

Displays the card image, where you can input values.

Merge As Check Duplicates

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Model Check Macro Checks your model for potential problems with properties, materials, element quality, etc. and reports them on-screen. The report identifies the problem entity by ID and describes the error. You can use the results to quickly identify problems with your model so you can correct them. Various threshold settings are available from the Options menu to customize the range of data that is reported back as a potential problem in the model. The available checks are sorted into four types of tests: Properties, Materials, Element Quality, and BCs and Cards. You can select how many of these tests are run.

To set up and run a model check: 1.

Click Model Check… in the Utility Menu. The RADIOSS Model Checker dialog appears.

2.

Review the threshold settings in the Options menu. Set values that are meaningful for your model.

3.

Review the model check tool settings from the Interrogator Settings option of the Options menu.

4.

Choose which tests you want to run from the Select Tests option of the Run menu. Tests that have a check mark next to them will be run.

5.

From the Run menu, select Run Interrogator. The model check begins and the results appear in a text report in the RADIOSS Model Checker dialog.

The report can be saved as a plain text file by selecting Save Report from the File menu. Additionally, model check test settings can both be saved and imported from the Options menu.

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Component Table The RADIOSS (Block Format) Component Table is an interactive tabular list used to represent RADIOSS (Block Format) components with associated properties and materials. It is accessed by loading the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile and clicking the Component Table button on the Utility Menu. The table contains a variety of tools that allow you to review, edit and update the model. The essential features are: RADIOSS (Block Format) components with various associated properties and materials are listed in separate columns. You can select the column types from a set of available options. There are two modes of operation: review and editable. The review mode allows you to quickly review the component information without changing any values. The editable mode allows you to change values for the selected components. There are enhanced selection, review, display and filter options for components. Components can be sorted according to any available column. The current configuration is saved automatically to a file at the end of a session and recalled on reload. You can also save and load a configuration file. The table data can be exported in CSV and HTML formats. Right-click on the table to display menu options. All pull-down menu options are also available using a right-click. Columns can be moved or swapped by holding the left mouse button on a column title and dragging it to the desired location. Columns can be resized by positioning the cursor along a column border, pressing the left or right mouse button and dragging the border to a new position. The shift or control key combined with a left click can be used to select multiple rows. The following tools are available in the RADIOSS (Block Format) Component Table: Table

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Refresh

Regenerates the table with all the parts in the model

Editable

Sets the table mode to editable mode, allowing you to change values for the selected components

Filter

Enables the filtering GUI

Configure

Allows you to specify the number and type of columns listed in the table

Save

Saves the information listed in the table in CSV or HTML format

Quit

Quit the table function.

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Selection All

Selects all rows or parts

None

Selects none or deselects parts/rows that were previously selected

Reverse

Reverses the selection

Displayed

Selects the rows or the displayed parts

User

User graphic interaction to select parts

Display By default, the table is invoked with only the displayed parts. You can refresh the table to show a new part being displayed or use one of the following display commands. All

Displays all the components in the model

None

Turns off every component displayed

Reverse

Reverses the display of the part

Show selection

Displays the components of the selected rows

Show only Selection

Displays only the components of the selected rows

Hide selection

Hides the components of the selected rows from the display

By Material

Displays components sorted by material

By Properties

Displays components sorted by properties

By Thickness

Displays components sorted by thickness values

Action Delete Selection

Deletes selected rows (parts) from the model

Create Part

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User Set MatDB Path…

Opens a dialog on which you can set the location of an external database of material definitions.

Refresh Material List

Updates the list of available materials in the Component Table.

See also Editable Mode Filter Configure Columns All or Displayed Mode

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Editable Mode The editable mode in the Component Table allows you to change values for all selected components at the same time. Select the Table > Editable option to open the Component Table in editable mode. Cells with a white background can be manually edited. When you click on an editable cell, it is selected with a cursor. Once a cell is selected, enter a value and press Enter. If you want to assign the same value to multiple components at once, select the column type and value from the Assign Values: pull-down menu and click Set. All the selected components will be updated with the assigned values.

See also Component Table RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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Filter The Components and Properties Table supports advanced filtering based on available columns. The Table > Filter... menu option opens the Filter dialog as shown below. You can write any valid string with a wildcard (*) in any of the available column types and click Apply to filter the table. For example, if you want to show all properties that start with letter ‘c’ and use material type ‘steel’, you can use the dialog as shown below. Note that the filter strings are case-sensitive.

Show All turns off the filtering and displays all the components. Select the Table > Configure > Filter on top option to keep the Filter dialog posted after clicking Apply or Show All. Otherwise, it closes.

See also Component Table RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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Configure Columns Column types can be selected from the Table > Configure > Columns... menu option. The table displays only the selected columns. The available columns types are: Title

Description

Vis

Visualization status. 1 = display on, 0 = display off

Part Title

Title of the part

Part id

HyperMesh ID of the component

Prop name

HyperMesh name of the property

Prop id

HyperMesh ID of the property

Prop Type

Property type associated with the component

Material name

Material name associated with the component

Material id

Material ID associated with the component

Material type

Material type associated with the component

Thick

Thickness of elements specified in *section_shell

Elems

Number of elements in the component

Nodes

Number of nodes in the component

Color

Component color

SigY Harden_Param(b) Mass

Total mass of the component

cg_x

Center of gravity for the x coordinate

cg_y

Center of gravity for the y coordinate

cg_z

Center of gravity for the z coordinate

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See also Component Table RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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All or Displayed Mode The Component Table lists components in two modes: All or Displayed. If All is selected from the Table > Configure > Components menu, the table will list all the components in the model. If Displayed is selected, only the visible components will be shown. Blank components are not shown in the Displayed mode even though their display status is on.

See also Component Table RADIOSS (Block Format) Utility Menu

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Other Tools The following tools are also available:

Accelerometer Tool Relative Displacement Tool BCs Manager Tool

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Accelerometer Tool The Accelerometer tool helps you create and edit time history ACCEL cards to track accelerometer output requests. This tool will automatically create the ACCEL card as part of an output block. To display the tool, select Accelerometer on the Utility Menu. The tool appears as a tab in the tab area.

Creating Accelerometers To create a new accelerometer, begin by typing a name in the Accelerometer Name field, selecting a node for the accelerometer’s location, specifying a cut off frequency value (Fcut), and specifying a system. Systems can be selected from existing systems, or you can create a new system from the Accelerometer tool’s interface. To create a system, enter a name in the Accelerometer: field and click Create/edit. Choose whether the new system is moving or fixed, and choose the coordinate combination that will define the system. To use an existing system, specify it with the System input collector, which is visible when Select is active on the System toggle. Click Create… to choose to either create the card only, or create the card and open it for editing.

Modifying Existing Accelerometers Accelerometers that already exist in the model can also be modified through the Accelerometer tool. All existing accelerometers are listed at the top of the tab. Select a tool to display its current settings on the tab. An example is shown below.

Double-click the display fields to update the values for the name, location, cut off frequency, and system. The ACCEL card opens for editing in the main menu area, where you can make updates and click return to save the changes to the card.

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Relative Displacement Tool The Relative Displacement tool interactively helps you create the TH/SPRING card, which supports time histories with spring output. This tool appears as a tab named Relative Displacement. To display the tool, select Relative Displacement from the Utility Menu. The tool appears as a tab in the tab area.

Creating Time Histories of Springs 1.

To begin creating a time history of springs, type a name in the Time History Name field and click Create/Edit… A pop-up menu appears from which you can choose either to create the spring and edit the card that is generated or simply create the spring.

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2.

The time history appears in the Output Blocks list. Right-click the list item and select Add Springs to create springs for that time history.

3.

You are prompted to pick nodes from the model to define springs. Note that the first node you select is used as Node1 in the definition of the spring.

Editing Time Histories of Springs 1.

To edit a time history, right-click its name in the Output Blocks list and select Edit. The card for that time history opens in the main panel area.

2.

From here you can provide names for each element, and add or modify variables. To add variables, click [NUM_VA to bring up a pop-up window of numbers. Click the number of variables you want to include in the card. Var fields appear where you can type the variable names.

When you use the relative displacement tool to create time histories of springs, you also create a component named Comp_Rel_Disp. This component is of the Springs/Rivets type and no material is assigned. The component contains one property, SPR_GENE, with only the mass value specified.

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BCs Manager Tool The BCs Manager tool can be used to create boundary conditions of any load collector type other than ACTIV. This tool combines required actions from several panels into one convenient tab interface, including the ability to create a boundary condition from both sets and individual nodes. To display the tool, select BCs Manager from the Utility Menu. The tool appears as a tab in the tab area.

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Creating New Boundary Conditions

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1.

To begin creating a new boundary condition, select the type of boundary condition you want to create in the Select type: field.

2.

In the Name field, type a name for the load collector .

3.

Select the type from the drop down menu in the Select type field. Based on the type selected, the options that display may change.

4.

Use the selectors to pick sets and/or individual nodes to define boundary conditions. The switch allows you change the selector to access parts, nodes, materials, properties, GRNOD (set), and GRNOD (box). Select the type of entity to be selected from the pull down menu and click on the yellow button to open the selector panel.

5.

Enter the loading conditions in the options. Empty fields require user input, and yellow buttons provide links to another entity that need to be linked; namely curve, system or sensor. Each yellow tab has two options: create /select and select. Create/select allows you to directly create the entity from this GUI Select allows you to select an entity already defined

6.

Click Create to create the database with the boundary condition data entered. Click Cancel to cancel the creation and Close to close the dialog.

Updating Existing Boundary Conditions 1.

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Highlight a boundary condition in the list to display its properties. This opens the editing mode of the dialog, as shown below.

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2.

In Review mode every defined entity/entry in the field can replaced with new entity or modified. To replace the entity on which boundary condition is define, set the GRNOD tab to the desired entity to be selected and make the selection. The selection will replace the existing entity on which the BC is defined. Similarly the curve, system and sensor can be changed.

3.

The table appears with list of entities that are referred in the selected boundary condition. To edit the exiting entity, select the entity, right-click on it and select edit. This opens a corresponding panel with editing features. Update: update the changes made to the selected boundary condition. Click return to go back to Create mode. Cancel: Nullify all updates made to the selected boundary condition. Click return to go back to Create mode. Close: Nullify all updates to the selected boundary condition and close the dialog Review: Highlight the entities on which the selected boundary condition is defined

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Table functions The table in the dialog lists the boundary conditions in the model by default. This can be limited to the desired boundary condition using the select type option on the top of the table. Right-clicking on each entity in the table provides the following functions: Refresh list: Refreshes the table based on the option in the select type field Card edit: Opens the selected boundary conditions's card image panel Delete: Deletes the selected boundary condition Review: Highlights the entities on which the selected boundary condition is defined and grays out the others Clear review: Returns the graphics window to regular mode Show all: No pre-selection is needed. Displays the part on which the boundary conditions in the table are defined and shows the load with handles Show: Displays the part on which the selected boundary condition is defined (if hidden) and shows the load with handle Isolate: Isolates the part on which the selected boundary condition is defined in the graphics and shows the load with handle

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RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct Utility Menu The Utility Menu for the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct user profile contains, in addition to the default utility menus, three pages (Summary, FEA and Opti) of specific utilities for RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) and OptiStruct. The Summary page provides a short summary of the entities making up the model. The FEA page is dedicated to modeling and load setup, while the OPTI page is devoted to optimization. The Utility Menu is available on the Utility tab when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct user profile is loaded. The Utility tab may be activated/deactivated from the View menu.

See also Summary Page FEA Page Opti Page

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Summary Page The Summary page of the Nastran Utility Menu lists a short summary using ‘displayed’ or entire model for components, loads, elements, center of gravity, moment of inertia, responses and constraints. See the examples below:

For components:

For elements:

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FEA Page The following macros are available on the FEA page of the Nastran Utility Menu: Auto Property Creation

Auto Property Creation

If two or more components points to single property this utility will create a separate property for each component.

Converters

I-DEAS to RADIOSS

Convert from I-DEAS to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

Export in MDL

Export bodies (groups) and joint to an MDL (Model Definition Language) file to be read into MotionView.

Model Edit

Part Replacement

Replace elements in a component/part (PSHELL) with new elements.

Model Info

Material Table

Create, review and edit materials

Component Table

Create, review and edit components

1D Property Table

Create, review and edit properties

Load Collector Table

Review and edit load collectors

Curve Editor

Launches the Curve Editor

TABLE Create

Create a tabular function card.

Loadsteps Browser

Generate RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) subcase definitions.

Buckling

Create a linear buckling subcase and referenced static subcase.

Tools

LoadSteps

Fatigue Process

Create New Load Existing

Solution

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Model Checker

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Radioss

Shortcut to the Radioss panel.

OptiStruct

Shortcut to the OptiStruct panel.

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I-DEAS to RADIOSS The I-DEAS to RADIOSS converter utility will convert an I-DEAS input file to a RADIOSS (Bulk Data) input file. Follow these steps to perform a conversion. 1.

Select an I-DEAS file as the source file, or check the Use current HM model box to use the model loaded in the current session.

2.

Select a file name and location to save the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) file that will be generated, or check the Apply to current HM session only box to generate the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) model in the current session.

3.

Click Convert.

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Export in MDL The Export in MDL utility enables you to export body and joint definitions in the current database to a MDL (Model Definition Language) file that can be opened with MotionView.

To export bodies and joints using the Export in MDL utility: 1.

Enter a file name in the Save file as: field or click on the open folder icon file… pop-up window, choose where to save the generated MDL file.

2.

Click Accept to export body and joint definitions to an MDL file.

and, on the Save

The Treat flexible bodies as rigid bodies check box controls the output of flexible bodies. Flexible bodies may be exported as either rigid or flexible bodies (flexible body export is not available at this time). The Use prescribed cog, mass and inertias where available check box controls the output of cog, mass and inertia values for each body. If this check box is unchecked, HyperMesh determines these properties for each body based on the model data. If this check box is checked, the values defined on the parameters subpanel of the bodies panel, should they exist, will be exported instead. The Select nodes for additional point definitions in MDL check box allows nodes to be selected for which MDL point definitions will be exported to the file.

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Part Replacement The Part Replacement dialog enables you to replace elements in an existing component/part with new elements. It also restores the referenced items in the original model to the new part, e.g. 1-D connections, masses, equations, boundary conditions, and loads. A message log is provided, which lists the entities being replaced and reconnected as well as cases that require or will require user interaction. The Part Replacement dialog generates a log file that contains a list of the entities being replaced and reconnected in addition to cases that require user interaction.

To replace elements in parts using the Part Replacement macro: 1.

From the Tools menu, click Part Replacement. The OptiStruct Part Replacement dialog appears:

2.

In the Old part field, select a component by clicking the button, which opens a comps selector in panel area. Choose a component and click proceed. The new part is created in the database. (If you already created a new part, delete it before performing this step.)

3.

In the New part field, select a part (sub-model) to import. Click Import....

4.

(optional) Clear the Delete old part check box to save the old part at the end of the replacement procedure.

5.

(optional) Click View log… at any time to open the Part Replacement macro’s log file.

6.

Click Next.

7.

In the New part field, select a component by clicking the comps button, which opens a comps selector in the panel area. Choose a component, click select and click proceed.

8.

Click Next. The following dialog appears:

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9.

Select a material for the new part from the radio button list of available materials that appears in the dialog. Click Apply.

10. Specify a tolerance value for the Fix 1-D connections/meshless welds option. This option provides an automatic and an interactive reconnection to the new part for 1-D elements (beams, rigids, springs, etc.) and meshless welds (beam type 9 and hexa). The tolerance value determines the range of 1-D connections and meshless welds that will be replaced. Elements that cannot be replaced will be displayed in red.

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11. Click Apply. The results of the replacement are displayed in tabs on the dialog.

13. Click the EID field on the 1-D tab to select the remaining elements, increase the tolerance, and preview the effect of the increased value on the 1-D elements. 14. Click Apply to use the defined tolerance to fix the elements displayed in green. A message appears that reports the tolerance used to fix the selected elements. If some elements still report as failed, repeat step 11 using a higher tolerance value. 15. Repeat steps 12 and 13 for the Meshless welds tab.

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Masses attached to the old part can be connected to a new part using the basic steps outlined above. In addition, HyperMesh can detect and fix the following individual loads: forces, moments, temperatures, equations, and constraints. Pressure must be corrected manually.

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Material Table The Material Table utility is used to review and edit RADIOSS (Bulk Data) materials.

Icon Description

Create new material Refresh table Toggles between table edit and table display mode Filter table Export table to CSV format Select all Select none Reverse selection Select displayed Delete selected

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Component Table The RADIOSS (Bulk Data) Component Table displays components and their associated attributes in an interactive table. The information displayed in the table may be configured.

This utility also allows you to create components, assign materials to components, change component colors, and change component visualization modes. Most actions are available either from shortcut (rightclick) menus or from the pull-down menus. Before performing actions, such as changing the values of component data, you must select Editable from the Table menu. Once the table is editable, you can modify the values of existing components. The following sections describe how to use the component table in both read-only mode and editable mode. Using the Component Table in Read-Only Mode When you open the Component Table, displayed components are listed in a table using a default configuration. This configuration displays the name, ID number, type, thickness, material name, material ID, material type, color, and visibility (display) for each displayed component. The table may be adjusted to display information for all components by selecting Table > Configure > Components > All. The display of the Component Table can be customized according to your preferences. You can: Change which columns are displayed. Sort the components by column data, ascending or descending. Filter which components are displayed based on column data values (see below). You can save your settings by creating a configuration file. From the Table menu, open the Configure submenu and select the Save CFG-File option. This configuration file saves the set of table configuration options so you can use them again. By default, a configuration file (comptable.cfg) is saved in the working directory for each component table session and settings from this file are applied each time the table is built. Using the Component Table in Editable Mode

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When you switch the Component Table from the default read-only mode to editable mode (by selecting Editable from the Table menu), you can perform all the actions described in the section above, plus edit the attributes of the components listed in the table. To change the value of an attribute, select the attribute in the Assign Values drop-down, type the new value in the adjacent field, and click Set.

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Property Table The RADIOSS (Bulk Data) Property Table displays properties and their associated attributes in an interactive table. The information displayed in the table may be configured.

This utility also allows you to create properties, assign materials to properties, and change property colors. Most actions are available either from shortcut (right-click) menus or from the pull-down menus. Before performing actions such as changing the values of property data, you must select Editable from the Table menu. Once the table is editable, you can modify the values of existing properties. The following sections describe how to use the Property Table in both read-only and editable modes.

Using the Property Table in Read-Only Mode When you open the Property Table, all properties are listed in a table using a default configuration. This configuration displays the name, ID number, type, material name, material ID, material type, color, number of elements and visibility (display) for each property. The display of the Property Table can be customized according to your preferences. You can: Change which columns are displayed Sort the components by column data, ascending or descending Filter which components are displayed based on column data values (see below) You can save your settings by creating a configuration file. From the Table menu, open the Configure submenu and select the Save CFG-File option. This configuration file saves the set of table configuration options so you can use them again. By default, a configuration file (comptable.cfg) is saved in the working directory for each component table session and settings from this file are applied each time the table is built.

Using the Property Table in Editable Mode When you switch the Property Table from the default read-only mode to editable mode (by selecting Editable from the Table menu), you can perform all the actions described in the section above, plus edit the attributes of the properties listed in the table. To change the value of an attribute, select the attribute in the

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Assign Values drop-down, type the new value in the adjacent field, and click Set.

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Load Collector Table The Load Collector Table utility is used to review and edit RADIOSS (Bulk Data) load collectors.

Icon Description

Refresh table Toggles between table edit and table display mode Filter table Export table to CSV format Select all Select none Reverse selection Select displayed Delete selected

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See also Utility Menu

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Buckling The Buckling utility allows a buckling subcase to be defined simultaneously with its referenced static subcase.

1.

Enter name.

2.

Provide data for V1, V2 (upper and lower limits for eigenvalue calculation) and/or ND (number of modes to be calculated).

3.

Select appropriate load collectors for LOAD and SPC references. Only load collectors containing valid loads are displayed in the drop down menus.

4.

Click Create. The EIGRL load collector is created. The static and buckling load steps are also created.

See also Utility Menu

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RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Model Checker The RADIOSS (Bulk Data) Model Checker utility allows you to check the quality of elements, properties, materials, and load steps in a RADIOSS (Bulk Data) model. The dialog consists of four pull-down menus and a report window. The pull-down menus: File, Options, Run , and Help are described here: File

Options

Save Report

Allows you to select a file name and location to save the information in the report window to a text file.

Clear Report Window

Deletes everything from the report window.

Close

Exit and close the Model Checker.

Open Settings

Allows you to retrieve settings from a data file.

Save Settings

Allows you to save the current settings to a data file.

1D Element Quality Settings…

Allows you to alter settings for 1-D element checks. The settings which can be altered are: Minimum 1-D element length (default = 0.0) Maximum 1-D element length (default = 20.0)

2D Element Quality Settings…

Allows you to alter settings for 2-D element checks. The settings which can be altered are: Minimum 2-D element length (default = 0.0) Maximum 2-D element length (default = 20.0) Minimum jacobian value (default = 0.7) Maximum warpage (default = 5.0) Maximum aspect ratio (default = 5.0) Minimum quad angle (default = 45) Maximum quad angle (default = 135) Minimum tria angle (default = 20) Maximum tria angle (default = 120)

3D Element Quality Settings…

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Allows you to alter settings for 3-D element checks. The settings which can be altered are:

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Minimum 3-D element length (default = 0.0) Maximum 3-D element length (default = 20.0) Minimum jacobian value (default = 0.7) Maximum warpage (default = 5.0) Maximum aspect ratio (default = 5.0) Minimum quad angle (default = 45) Maximum quad angle (default = 135) Minimum tria angle (default = 20) Maximum tria angle (default = 120) Minimum tetra-collapse value (default = 0.5) Property settings

Allows you to alter settings for property checks. The settings which can be altered are: Shell Zero Gauge Threshold (default = 0.001) PSHELL or PCOMP components with a thickness less than this value fail this check. Cross Section Zero Area Threshold (default = 0.001) - PBAR, PBEAM or PROD properties with a cross-section less than this value fail this check.

Material settings

Allows you to alter settings for material checks. The settings which can be altered are: Zero Density Threshold (Default = 1e-9) - All material densities must be greater than this value. Zero Modulus Threshold (Default = 1e-3) - All modulii must be greater than this value. Zero Poisson's Ratio Threshold (Default = 1e-3) All Poisson's ratios must be greater than this value.

Model Checker Settings

Allows you to specify additional settings. Choose from the list: Perform 1-D element checks (Default = yes) Perform 2-D element checks (Default = yes) Perform 3-D element checks (Default = yes) Create sets for failed elements (Default = no)

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Output % failed - element quality (Default = yes) Output warning/error count for property checks (Default = no)

Run

Settings to defaults (all)

Reset all settings to defaults.

Select Tests

Allows you to check which tests to perform from the list: Property Checks Material Checks Element Checks Loadstep Checks Default (all)

Help

Run Model Checker

Performs model checking and populates the report window with the results.

Help

Provides operation instructions.

About

Provides information about version and developer.

See also Utility Menu

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Opti Page The following macros are available on the Opti page of the Nastran Utility Menu:

Topology

Del All Opt Entities

Deletes all DesignVariable, OptimizationResponse, DesignVariablePropertyRelationship, OptimizationConstraint, Objective, ObjectiveReference, OptimizationTableEntry, OptimizationEquation, DesignVariableLink, OptimizationControl, and OptimizationConstraintScreening entities.

Voxelmesh

Creates voxels (hexa elements) from closed shell meshes.

Hex-core Design Space

Shortcut to the Topology panel.

Matfrac

Setup a material fraction topology optimization.

Reg. Volfrac

Create regional volfrac responses combining several components, properties or materials

Topography

Design Space

Shortcut to the Topography panel.

Shape

Create Shapes

Shortcut to the HyperMorph panels.

Shape Variables

Shortcut to the Shape panel.

Size Variables

Shortcut to the Size panel.

PBAR, PROD Opti

Define size optimization for multiple PBAR or PROD sections.

CBAR, CROD Opti

Define size optimization for multiple CBAR or CROD elements with circular section.

Design Variables

Create, review and edit Size (including Gauge) and Shape Design Variables.

Design Constraints

Review and edit optimization constraints.

Size

Optimization Info

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Solution

OptiStruct

Shortcut to the OptiStruct panel.

OSSmooth

Shortcut to the OSSmooth panel.

OSSmooth Volume

Compute the volume enclosed by iso-density surface (Elements Displayed) After running OSSmooth this helps you to compute the true volume of the geometry recovered. The iso-surface must be displayed as elements. Use Nastran or STL format when running OSSmooth.

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Voxelmesh Available for the OptiStruct and Radioss (Bulk) user profiles on Windows, LINUX, IRIX, HPUX, SUN. Fills an enclose volume with voxels (hexas) of a predefined size. This type of mesh is only useful in topology optimization. It does not give meaningful results in a stress analysis. To work properly, the volume must be enclosed completely by shell elements (quads and trias) without TConnections or free edges. The normals of these elements should point inwards. The voxels (hexa elements) are stored in the component, hexas.

To generate a voxelmesh: 1.

On the Opti page of the utility menu, under Topology: click Voxelmesh. A comps collector displays in the panel area.

2.

Select components that contain shell elements enclosing one volume. (If more than one volume is selected, normals should be adjusted manually).

3.

Click proceed. The Voxelmesh dialog is launched.

4.

Check the relevant boxes: Perform element check: Checks for T-connections and free edges. If some are found, the results are stored in collectors of the corresponding names. Adjust normals: Automatic adjustment of normals (to inward). This works if the selection is one connected volume only. The volume may contain internal voids. Fill undercuts: Areas that are hidden in each coordinate direction are filled even if they are not touching the enclosed volume. These elements are stored in the component, hexasfill. One component for each number of inner nodes: The voxels created are stored in nine components (hexas0, hexas1...) depending on the number of nodes that are inside the volume.

Note:

Zero inner nodes may occur if one edge of the volume intersects the center of a hexa-face. Use local coordinates: Allows selecting a coordinate system along which to align the mesh. If no selection is made, the global (basic, screen) coordinate system is used. Edge size for hexa elements: Choose from Cubes or Rectangles. For cubes, enter a single value for the edge size; for rectangles enter x, y, and z edge lengths. Keep in mind that a grid of nodes is created for the box wrapping the

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volume. So the memory usage may be high for unreasonably small values. 3.

Click Start.

4.

If you checked the Use local coordinates box, you will be prompted to select a coordinate system. Select the system and click proceed. The voxelmesh is generated.

See also Utility Menu

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Matfrac Material Fraction optimization utility sets up an optimization problem to minimize the combined compliance index and constrain the volume fraction to be less than a user-defined value. 1.

Click Matfrac.

2.

Enter a matfrac value.

3.

Click calculate. The objective is set to minimize COMB for the entire model, while constraining the VOLFRAC for the entire model to be less than the MATFRAC value entered.

See also Utility Menu

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Reg. Volfrac The Reg. Volfrac utility creates a regional volume fraction response for a number of components, properties, or materials. 1.

Click Reg. Volfrac. You are prompted to select a number of components, properties, or materials.

2.

Select the entities. Volume responses are generated for each entity (vol#). An equation is then created to calculate the total volume fraction over the entire region.

A function response is generated using the equation with reference to the volume responses.

See also Utility Menu

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PBAR, PROD Opti. This utility may be used to set-up size optimization for multiple PBAR or PROD properties 1.

Click PBAR, PROD Opti. You are prompted to select a number of properties.

2.

Select properties.

3.

Select either a PBAR or a PROD card and a section type.

4.

Enter initial values and bounds.

5.

Click calculate. Depending on the cross section, a number of design variables, equations, and DVPREL2 cards are generated.

See also Utility Menu

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CBAR, CROD Opti. This utility may be used to setup size optimization for multiple CBAR or CROD elements. 1.

Click CROD, CBAR Opti. You are prompted to select 1-D elements for topological optimization.

2.

Select elements.

3.

Select PBAR or PROD. A new PBAR or PROD property is created for each 1-D element selected. These properties are called DPROP#. A size design variable is created for each 1-D element selected.

4.

Input the initial value and upper and lower limits for this variable. The design variables are called DV#. These design variables represent the cross-sectional area of each 1-D element. A DVPREL1 card is created linking each of the DV#’s to the cross-sectional area of each DPROP# card. These are called DX#. For simplicity, we assume the 1-D elements have solid, circular cross-sections. Two equations are created to calculate the I and J values if the PBAR property type is chosen: a) Equation for Ix and Iy values : Y(X1) = 0.0796*X1**2 b) Equation for J values: Y(X1) = 0.1592*X1**2 A DVPREL2 card is created for the I1 value of each DPROP#, referencing equation (a) and the appropriate design variable. These are named DA#. A 2nd DVPREL2 card is created for the I2 value of each DPROP#, referencing equation (a) and the appropriate design variable. These are named DB#. A 3rd DVPERL2 card is created for the J value of each DPROP#, referencing equation (b) and the appropriate design variable. These are named DC#. A 3rd equation is created to calculate the regional volume fraction for all DPROP# properties: Y(X1,Xi,....,Xn) = (X1+Xi+....+Xn)/(X1o+Xio+...+Xno) where Xi is the value of DVi, and where Xio is initial value of Xi. A function response, called BVFRAC, is generated using this equation and referencing all design variables.

See also Utility Menu

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Design Variables The Design Variables utility is used to review and edit OptiStruct size (including gauge), and shape design variables. All DESVAR design variables are listed in the table.

To edit a design variable: 1.

In the table, click on the Initial Value, Lower Bound, or Upper Bound field of a design variable.

2.

Replace the current value with the desired value.

3.

Hit the Enter key. The design variable is updated.

To create a design variable: 1.

Click

.

The following dialog is displayed.

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2.

Fill in the fields as desired.

3.

Click Create.

Icon Description

Create new design variables Refresh table Toggles between table edit and table display mode Filter table Export table to CSV format Select all Select none Reverse selection Select displayed Delete selected

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See also Utility Menu

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Design Constraints The Design Constraints utility is used to review OptiStruct optimization constraints. All optimization constraints are listed in the table.

Icon Description

Refresh table Toggles between table edit and table display mode Filter table Export table to CSV format Select all Select none Reverse selection Select displayed Delete selected

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See also Utility Menu

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HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces HyperMesh Entities HyperMesh is architected around entities and solver interfaces. HyperMesh entities can have none or multiple card images associated to them. Card images are defined within a solver interface template and allow for creation, editing, and deletion of a solver card within a HyperMesh model. HyperMesh entities contain two types of data; data names and attributes. Data names are a part of the entity data structure itself and are available to all instantiations of the entity regardless if the entity has an associated card image or not. Attributes are additional data, defined in a solver interface template, which are necessary to store solver specific data for a card image associated with an entity. HyperMesh entities can be subdivided into five major groups; Collectors, Collected Entities, Named Entities, Optimization Entities, and Morphing Entities. Collectors are named organizational containers for Collected Entities. An example of a Collector is the component collector which collects points, lines, surface, solids, elements, and connectors for model organization purposes. Collected Entities are nameless entities which must reside within one, and only one, collector. Examples of collected entities include points, lines, surfaces, solids, elements, and connectors, which are collected by a component collector. Named entities are entities which are given a name but are not collected or organized into containers. Examples of named entities include materials and properties. Optimization entities and morphing entities are special groupings of named entities for optimization and morphing specific data respectively. Include Files Collectors and Collected Entities Named Entities Optimization Entities Morphing Entities

Solver Interfaces A solver interface is made up of a template and an FE-input reader. A template defines the mapping between solver cards and HyperMesh entities, the attributes necessary to store data for solver cards, and the format which the solver cards are exported from a HyperMesh database. FE-input readers perform the function of reading solver decks and importing solver cards into the appropriate HyperMesh entities with the appropriate card images, data names, and attributes set as defined by the template. Furthermore, FE-input readers require template attribute definitions to perform their tasks. A schematic of the HyperMesh solver interface architecture is shown below.

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Templates An example of the interaction between HyperMesh entities and templates with data names and attributes for a RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) MAT1 card is given below. The RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) MAT1 card has the following definition: (1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

MAT1

MID

E

G

NU

RHO

A

TREF

GE

ST

SC

SS

(10)

The HyperMesh material named entity has data names of name and ID. Therefore the template would also have to define attributes for E, G, NU, RHO, A, TREF, GE, ST, SC, and SS in order to completely define and store the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) MAT1 solver card within a HyperMesh material named entity with a MAT1 card image. Templates define attributes using the *defineattribute() command. The example template code uses the *defineattribute() command to define these attributes. In order to associate the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) MAT1 solver card to the HyperMesh material named entity with a MAT1 card image the template would contain a *materials(MAT1) definition block to define this association. Within the *materials(MAT1) definition block a MAT1 card image would be defined using a *beginmenu() definition block . This *beginmenu() definition block is read every time a materials named entity with a MAT1 card image is card edited using the card editor within HyperMesh. In addition, an export format for the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) MAT1 solver card would be defined using a *format() definition block within the *materials(MAT1) definition block. This *format() definition block is read every time an export of the HyperMesh database is requested which contains a materials named entity with a MAT1 card image. Example template code which performs these definitions for the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) MAT1 solver card is given. For more information on templates see Custom Templates in the HyperMesh Reference Manual.

Loading a Template

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Templates are necessary to tell HyperMesh how entities behave and what data are associated with them. HyperMesh cannot be used efficiently until a template is loaded. Templates are loaded into HyperMesh using the global panel. The global panel can be accessed using the 'g' key. Once a template is loaded into HyperMesh, it can be used to create, edit, card edit, and delete entities with card images which are defined within the template. Copy the example template code into a text editor, save as a file, and load into a new session of HyperMesh using the global panel. Alternatively the example template code can be found in [Install Directory]\hm\examples\templates.

Creating and Card Editing Entities HyperMesh is now ready to create, edit, card edit, and delete material entities with a MAT1 card image. The Model Browser can be used to create and card edit a material entity with a MAT1 card image. Within the Model Browser, right click to bring up the context sensitive menu. Select Create and select Material to display the Create Material dialog. Enter information as shown to create a material named entity called Aluminum with a MAT1 card image.

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Now that a material entity with a MAT1 card image, named Aluminum, has been created it can be card edited to enter the remaining attributes that were defined for the MAT1 card image in the template. Using the Model Browser, left click the Aluminum material entity to select it, then right click right on the entity to bring up the context sensitive menu associated with that entity. On the context sensitive menu select Card Edit... to bring up the card editor for the Aluminum material entity and enter data for the attributes associated with the MAT1 card image as shown. Clicking return to close the card editor saves the data entered for the attributes on the entity. These are the basic operations in HyperMesh for creating and card editing entities with card images.

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Exporting a HyperMesh Database as a Solver Deck Now that a material entity with a MAT1 card image exists in the HyperMesh database, the database can be exported as a Solver Deck. The example template code defined the export format for material entities with MAT1 card images using the *format() definition block within the *materials(MAT1) definition block. To export a HyperMesh database as a solver deck, click the export icon on the standard toolbar to bring up the Export tabbed dialog. On the Export dialog define: File type: Custom (for a custom template. This will automatically be set if you are using user profiles in HyperMesh) Template: Select the template file you saved. (This will automatically be set if you are using user profiles in HyperMesh) File: Enter a file name to contain the exported solver deck. Click Export to perform the export of the HyperMesh database as a Solver Deck.

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The solver deck exported above is shown below. Notice that the file contains a single MAT1 solver card with the same data as the data entered on the MAT1 card image of the material named entity, Aluminum, as this is the only entity in the database. Also notice that the solver deck is exported in 8 character field widths as this is what was defined in the *format() definition block within the *materials(MAT1) definition block. Example Exported Solver Deck ([Install Directory] \hm\examples\feinput\ExampleExport.fem) MAT1

11.00E+070.0

60000.0 0.0

0.33

0.101 1.20E-050.0

0.0

0.0

FE-Input, Importing a Solver Deck into a HyperMesh Database The role of an FE-input reader within a solver interface is to read solver decks and import each solver card into the appropriate HyperMesh entity with the appropriate card image, data names, and attributes defined by the template. FE-input readers are C/C++ code written using the HyperMesh hm.lib and hmin.lib libraries as the API for creating entities in the HyperMesh database. Example FE-input code for the ExampleTemplate.tpl is given. This code can be copied and compiled with any ANSI C++ complier using hmlib.h and hminlib.h header files and hm.lib and hmin.lib libraries. See the notes section below for location of header files, libraries, and example code. For more information on FE-input readers see Custom Readers in the HyperMesh Reference Manual. To import a Solver Deck into the HyperMesh database, click the import icon on the standard toolbar to bring up the Import tabbed dialog. On the Import dialog define: File type: Custom (for customer FE-input readers. This will automatically be set if you are using user profiles in HyperMesh) Reader: select the ExampleFEInput reader executable compiled with below code. (This will automatically be set if you are using user profiles in HyperMesh) File: enter a file name that contains the solver deck. Click Import to perform the import of the Solver Deck into a HyperMesh database.

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Notes: Templates for HyperMesh supported solver interfaces are located in [Install Directory] \templates\feoutput. FE-input readers for HyperMesh supported solver interfaces are located in [Install Directory]\io\model_readers\feinput\bin\[Platform] Macro files and Tcl/Tk scripts for HyperMesh supported solver interfaces are located in [Install Directory]\hm\scripts\[Solver Interface] HMLIB.H and HMINLIB.H can be found in [Install Directory]\hm\include HM.LIB and HMIN.LIB can be found in [Install Directory]\hm\lib\[Platform] The Example Templates can be found in [Install Directory]\hm\examples\templates The Example FE-Input readers can be found in [Install Directory] \hm\examples\feinput

See also The HyperMesh Environment Browsers Collectors and Collected Entities Named Entities

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Morphing Entities Optimization Entities Solver Templates FE Input and Result Readers

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Example Template Code Example Template Code ([Install Directory]\hm\examples\templates\ExampleTemplate.tpl) * c odename( Ex ampl eTempl at e, 100) / / MAT1 At t r i but es * def i neat t r i but e( MAT1, 1, i nt eger , none) * def i neat t r i but e( E, 2, r eal , none) * def i neat t r i but e( G, 3, r eal , none) * def i neat t r i but e( NU, 4, r eal , none) * def i neat t r i but e( RHO, 5, r eal , none) * def i neat t r i but e( A, 6, r eal , none) * def i neat t r i but e( TREF, 7, r eal , none) * def i neat t r i but e( GE, 8, r eal , none) * def i neat t r i but e( ST, 9, r eal , none) * def i neat t r i but e( SC, 10, r eal , none) * def i neat t r i but e( SS, 11, r eal , none) / / Mat er i al s Named Ent i t y - MAT1 Car d I mage and Ex por t For mat * mat er i al s ( MAT1) / / MAT1 Car d I mage * begi nmenu( ) * menus t r i ng( " MAT1

")

* menuf i el d( " I D" , i nt eger , i d, 8) * menuf i el d( " E" , r eal , $E, 8) * menuf i el d( " G" , r eal , $G, 8) * menuf i el d( " NU" , r eal , $NU, 8) * menuf i el d( " RHO" , r eal , $RHO, 8) * menuf i el d( " A" , r eal , $A, 8) * menuf i el d( " TREF" , r eal , $TREF, 8) * menuf i el d( " GE" , r eal , $GE, 8) * menul i neend( ) * menus t r i ng( "

")

* menuf i el d( " ST" , r eal , $ST, 8) * menuf i el d( " SC" , r eal , $SC, 8)

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* menuf i el d( " SS" , r eal , $SS, 8) * menul i neend( ) * endmenu( ) / / MAT1 Ex por t For mat * f or mat ( ) * s t r i ng( " MAT1

")

* f i el d( i nt eger , i d, 8) * f i el d( r eal , $E, 8) * f i el d( r eal , $G, 8) * f i el d( r eal , $NU, 8) * f i el d( r eal , $RHO, 8) * f i el d( r eal , $A, 8) * f i el d( r eal , $TREF, 8) * f i el d( r eal , $GE, 8) * end( ) * s t r i ng( "

")

* f i el d( r eal , $ST, 8) * f i el d( r eal , $SC, 8) * f i el d( r eal , $SS, 8) * end( ) * out put ( )

See also HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces

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Example FE-Input Code Example FE-Input Code ([Install Directory]\hm\examples\feinput\ExampleFEInput.cxx) #i nc l ude #i nc l ude #i nc l ude #i nc l ude " hml i b. h" #i nc l ude " hmi nl i b. h" us i ng names pac e s t d; / / Mat er i al Dat a St r uc t ur e i nt nummat er i al s ; s t r uc t mat er i al s { c har name[ 12] ; i nt i d; doubl e E; doubl e G; doubl e NU; doubl e RHO; doubl e A; doubl e TREF; doubl e GE; doubl e ST; doubl e SC; doubl e SS; } mat er i al [ 100] ; / / Func t i on Pr ot ot y pes i nt get _dat a( c har * f i l ept r ) ; ent i t y f unc t i onpt r HM_get f unc t i on( i nt f unc t i on, HM_ent i t y t y pe ent i t i es ) ; i nt HM_get Mat er i al s ( ) ; i nt mai n( i nt ar gc , c har * ar gv [ ] ) { / * The mai n f unc t i on c al l s get _dat a t o pr oc es s t he dat a i n t he s ol v er dec k , i ni t i al i z es Hy per Mes h, s et s t he s ol v er t o 100 ( t he s ame number def i ned in t he t empl at e) , r eads t he model and pas s es mat er i al dat a s t r uc t ur es t o Hy per Mes h, and f i nal l y c l os es t he c onnec t i on bet ween HM and t he FE- i nput r eader . */ get HMI HMI HMI HMI

_dat a( ar gv [ 1] ) ; N_i ni t ( " Ex ampl eFEI nput " , " 10. 0" , ar gc , ar gv ) ; N_s et s ol v er ( 100) ; N_r eadmodel ( HM_get f unc t i on) ; N_c l os e( ) ;

r et ur n( 0) ; } i nt get _dat a( c har * f i l ept r ) { / * Thi s f unc t i on opens a s ol v er dec k def i ned as t he f i r s t ar gument on t he

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i nput l i ne and r eads t he s ol v er dec k f or MAT1 c ar ds .

I f a MAT1 c ar d i s

f ound t hen t he MAT1 s ol v er c ar d i s r ead and a mat er i al popul at ed. * /

dat a s t r uc t ur e i s

i f s t r eam i nf i l e; c har t ok en[ 9] ; c har l i ne[ 128] ; / / Open Sol v er Dec k i nf i l e. open( f i l ept r , i os : : i n) ; i f ( i nf i l e. f ai l ( ) ) r et ur n( 1) ; / / Read Sol v er Dec k f or MAT1 Sol v er Car ds and Popul at e Mat er i al Dat a St r uc t ur e nummat er i al s = 0; whi l e ( ! i nf i l e. eof ( ) ) { i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; i f ( s t r c mp( t ok en, " MAT1 " ) == 0) { / / Name s t r c py _s ( mat er i al [ nummat er i al s ] . name, " mat er i al " ) ; //id i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; mat er i al [ nummat er i al s ] . i d = at oi ( t ok en) ; //E i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; mat er i al [ nummat er i al s ] . E = at of ( t ok en) ; //G i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; mat er i al [ nummat er i al s ] . G = at of ( t ok en) ; / / NU i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; mat er i al [ nummat er i al s ] . NU = at of ( t ok en) ; / / RHO i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; mat er i al [ nummat er i al s ] . RHO = at of ( t ok en) ; //A i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; mat er i al [ nummat er i al s ] . A = at of ( t ok en) ; / / TREF i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; mat er i al [ nummat er i al s ] . TREF = at of ( t ok en) ; / / GE i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; mat er i al [ nummat er i al s ] . GE = at of ( t ok en) ; i nf i l e. get ( ) ; / / Bl ank Fi el d i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ; / / ST i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, 9) ;

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mat er i al [ nummat er i / / SC i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, mat er i al [ nummat er i / / SS i nf i l e. get ( t ok en, mat er i al [ nummat er i i nf i l e. get ( ) ; nummat er i al s ++;

al s ] . ST = at of ( t ok en) ; 9) ; al s ] . SC = at of ( t ok en) ; 9) ; al s ] . SS = at of ( t ok en) ;

} el s e i nf i l e. get l i ne( l i ne, s i z eof ( l i ne) ) ; } r et ur n( 0) ; } ent i t y f unc t i onpt r HM_get f unc t i on( i nt f unc t i on, HM_ent i { / * Thi s us er - def i ned f unc t i on i s pas s ed i nt o hmi us ed by hmi nl i b t o f i nd al l of t he us er - def i ned whi c h per f or m r eadi ng and i nf or mat i on pas s i ng. t hat i f a us er - def i ned f unc t i on i s not r equi r ed, mus t r et ur n NULL. * /

t y t y pe ent i t i es ) nl i b and i s f unc t i ons Not e t hi s f unc t i on

s wi t c h ( f unc t i on) { c as e HMI N_OPENFUNCTI ON: br eak ; c as e HMI N_ENTI TYOPENFUNCTI ON: br eak ; c as e HMI N_ENTI TYGETFUNCTI ON: s wi t c h ( ent i t i es ) { c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_NULL: br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_CARDS: br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_SYSTCOLS: br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_SYSTS: br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_NODES: br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_VECTORCOLS: br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_VECTORS: br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_MATS: r et ur n( HM_get Mat er i al s ) ; c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_PROPS: br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI TYTYPE_COMPS:

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br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ;

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TYTYPE_GROUPS: TYTYPE_ELEMS: TYTYPE_LOADCOLS: TYTYPE_EQUATI ONS: TYTYPE_LOADS: TYTYPE_GEOMETRY: TYTYPE_LI NES: TYTYPE_SURFS: TYTYPE_POI NTS: TYTYPE_ASSEMS: TYTYPE_CURVES: TYTYPE_PLOTS: TYTYPE_BLOCKS: TYTYPE_TI TLES: TYTYPE_SETS: TYTYPE_OUTPUTBLOCKS: TYTYPE_LOADSTEPS: TYTYPE_SENSORS: TYTYPE_DESI GNVARS: TYTYPE_BEAMSECTCOLS: TYTYPE_BEAMSECTS: TYTYPE_OPTI TABLEENTRS: TYTYPE_OPTI FUNCTI ONS: TYTYPE_OPTI RESPONSES: TYTYPE_DVPRELS: TYTYPE_OPTI CONSTRAI NTS:

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c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ; c as e HM_ENTI br eak ;

TYTYPE_DESVARLI NKS: TYTYPE_OBJ ECTI VES: TYTYPE_CONTROLVOLS: TYTYPE_MULTI BODI ES: TYTYPE_ELLI PSOI DS: TYTYPE_OPTI CONTROLS: TYTYPE_OPTI DSCREENS: TYTYPE_TAG: TYTYPE_MBJ OI NT: TYTYPE_MBPLANE: TYTYPE_DOBJ REFS: TYTYPE_CONTACTSURFS: TYTYPE_CONNECTORS: TYTYPE_SYMMETRYS: TYTYPE_HANDLES: TYTYPE_DOMAI NS: TYTYPE_SHAPES: TYTYPE_SOLI DS: TYTYPE_MORPHCONSTRAI NTS: TYTYPE_HYPERCUBES: TYTYPE_DDVALS: TYTYPE_BAGS: TYTYPE_MAX:

} br eak ; c as e HMI N_ENTI TYCLOSEFUNCTI ON: br eak ; c as e HMI N_NAMEFUNCTI ON: br eak ; c as e HMI N_MOVEFUNCTI ON:

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br eak ; c as e HMI N_COLORFUNCTI ON: br eak ; c as e HMI N_ASSOCI ATEFUNCTI ON: br eak ; c as e HMI N_CEDATAFUNCTI ON: br eak ; c as e HMI N_METADATAFUNCTI ON: br eak ; c as e HMI N_CLOSEFUNCTI ON: br eak ; } r et ur n( NULL) ; } i nt HM_get Mat er i al s ( ) { / * Thi s f unc t i on wr i t es eac h mat er i al */

dat a s t r uc t ur e t o Hy per Mes h.

i nt i ; / / Wr i t e eac h mat er i al dat a s t r uc t ur e t o Hy per Mes h f or ( i =0; i Convert menu item on menu bar.

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See also HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces

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Include Files Most solvers allow solver decks to be split into separate files for organizational purposes. They also provide a mechanism to include these files in a master solver deck, typically using an include statement. This capability is commonly referred to as solver include files. Solver include files can generally have any solver card defined within them, therefore the HyperMesh include file entity needs the capability to store and organize all HyperMesh entities. Every HyperMesh entity is stored and organized into a HyperMesh include file. There is a special HyperMesh include file called the master model which corresponds to the master solver deck and is automatically created for every HyperMesh model. The current HyperMesh include file is shown in the status bar and can be set by clicking on that status bar area or by using the context sensitive menu of the Model Browser. HyperMesh entities are automatically stored and organized into the current HyperMesh include file. If there are no HyperMesh include files defined then HyperMesh entities are automatically stored and organized into the master model. The Model Browser can be used to create, edit, and delete HyperMesh include files. Every HyperMesh include file has a name and a location with a full or relative path. The Model Browser can also be used to review and organize HyperMesh entities into HyperMesh include files using drag and drop functionality. The Organize panel can also be used to organize HyperMesh entities into HyperMesh include files. HyperMesh include files do not have a display, active, or export state of their own. However, the Model Browser and Entity State Browser can be used to manipulate the display, active, and export state of all HyperMesh entities organized within the HyperMesh include file as a group by using the context sensitive menu within these browsers. HyperMesh imports and exports solver decks with include file structures using three options which are selected on the import and export tabbed dialogs: preserve includes

Preserves the solver include file structure by generating HyperMesh include files to match and organizes all data within the solver include files into the appropriate HyperMesh include file. The option also preserves the solver include file references in the master model. When exporting with this option all HyperMesh entities are written into their corresponding solver include files along with their references in the master solver deck.

skip includes

The data within the solver include files is not imported into HyperMesh. The solver include file references are maintained and are written out to the master solver deck during export.

merge includes

The data from the all solver include files are imported into the HyperMesh master model and the solver include file references are not maintained. When exporting, all entities are written into the master solver deck.

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Abaqus Support of Include Files The following rules and considerations apply to the Abaqus include file support in HyperMesh: Include files must include complete information for each keyword. A keyword and its data lines must be part of the same file. Include files must contain complete information for cards that contain multiple sub-keywords. For example, all sub-keywords and their data lines in a *Material card must be part of the same include file. Include files must contain complete information for *Step cards. All history keywords and their data lines must be a part of the same file. The HyperMesh Abaqus interface is comprised of four types of include files: Model (start), Model (middle), Model, and History. They define the sequence of the *Include keywords in the model. Model (start) type of include files are written at the beginning of the deck, after the *Node block. Model (middle) is written in the middle of the deck, after the *Material block. Model is

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written at the end of the model definition, and History keywords are written after the model definition. Include file names are sorted according to their names in the browser. The sequence in the exported model is primarily determined by the four types of includes files as described above. Within each type the sequence is determined by the order in which they are created. The Abaqus syntax for the include file path is: o

In Abaqus, file names can include a full or relative path name. Relative path names must be in relation to the directory from which the job was started. If a path is not specified, it is assumed that the file is located in the same directory from which the job was submitted.

o

From HyperMesh, it is, however, not always possible to predict the directory from which the job will finally be submitted. Therefore a relative path must be defined. This relative path should be defined with respect to the folder where the corresponding *Include keyword appears. If you run the job from a different folder in subsequent runs, you must also update the path name.

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Collectors and Collected Entities Named Entities Morphing Entities Optimization Entities Custom Templates Custom Readers Model Setup

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Support of Includes: Abaqus The following rules and considerations apply to the Abaqus include file support in HyperMesh: Include files must include complete information for each keyword. A keyword and its data lines must be part of the same file. Include files must contain complete information for cards that contain multiple sub-keywords. For example, all sub-keywords and their data lines in a *Material card must be part of the same include file. Include files must contain complete information for *Step cards. All history keywords and their data lines must be a part of the same file. The HyperMesh Abaqus interface is comprised of four types of include files: Model (start), Model (middle), Model, and History. They define the sequence of the *Include keywords in the model. Model (start) type of include files are written at the beginning of the deck, after the *Node block. Model (middle) is written in the middle of the deck, after the *Material block. Model is written at the end of the model definition, and History keywords are written after the model definition. Include file names are sorted according to their names in the browser. The sequence in the exported model is primarily determined by the four types of includes files as described above. Within each type the sequence is determined by the order in which they are created. The Abaqus syntax for the include file path is: o

In Abaqus, file names can include a full or relative path name. Relative path names must be in relation to the directory from which the job was started. If a path is not specified, it is assumed that the file is located in the same directory from which the job was submitted.

o

From HyperMesh, it is, however, not always possible to predict the directory from which the job will finally be submitted. Therefore a relative path must be defined. This relative path should be defined with respect to the folder where the corresponding *Include keyword appears. If you run the job from a different folder in subsequent runs, you must also update the path name.

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Support of Includes: LS-Dyna LSDYNA keywords *INCLUDE, *INCLUDE_TRANSFORM, *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_OPTION are mapped to include files in HyperMesh. The user can switch to different type of include with the the exception of *INCLUDE_TRANSFORM using the the context sensitive menu Include File options in the include browser. INCLUDE_TRANSFORM is manged using the Transfromation manager in HM. During import if same include file is referred more than once using the *INCLUDE_TRANSFORM then they are imported but appended with .# where # = 1…n and shown in the include browser. These will not be exported unless the user changes the Instance option check box off.

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Nodes Nodes are the most basic finite element entity. A node represents a physical position on the structure being modeled and is used by an element entity to define the location and shape of that element. It is also used as temporary input to create geometry entities. A node may contain a pointer to other geometric entities and can be associated directly to them. Nodes are considered to be used if they are referenced in the definition of an element, system, vector, group, load, equation, or are referenced by any card image on any HyperMesh entity. HyperMesh automatically deletes unused nodes and any loads that are attached to unused nodes. Nodes can not be organized into components. Nodes can be organized into HyperMesh include files, which defines the solver include file they will be exported to. Use the Organize panel to organize nodes into include files. The Organize panel can be accessed using the Organize icon on the collectors toolbar.

The following panels can be used to create and edit nodes: Nodes Node Edit Temp Nodes

The data names associated with nodes can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

Solver Card Support for Nodes

RADIOSS (Block Format)

The supported RADIOSS D00 cards in RADIOSS (Block Format) 5.1 and 9.0 are listed below. You can quickly create these cards by right-clicking in the Solver Browser and selecting Create Cards. Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

/NODE

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

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HyperMesh Nodes are used to represent GRID and SPOINT bulk data entries. Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

GRID

Defines the location of a geometric grid point of the structural model, the directions of its displacement, and its permanent single-point constraints.

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

SPOINT

Defines a scalar point.

Ideally a scalar point has no location, but in HyperMesh it is represented as a node.

RADIOSS (Fixed Format)

Node cards are fully input into HyperMesh. Nodal coordinates are defined with X, Y, and Z coordinates. Skew frames for nodal time history is supported for RADIOSS (Fixed Format) version 4.1.

Abaqus

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*NODE

Specify nodal coordinates

NSET and SYSTEM

The SYSTEM parameter is created automatically during export based upon the type of reference coordinate system that is assigned to the nodes. The card image for a node is displayed in global Cartesian coordinates in HyperMesh.

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Actran

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

N

Defines a node

NODE, X, Y, Z, THXY, THYZ, THZX

N

Defines a node

R5.1, Type, NODE, SOLID, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3

N

Defines a node

R5.3, LOC, NODE, SOLID, NODLOC, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3

NBLOCK

Nodal block

ID, SOLIDFLG, LINELOC, X, Y, Z

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*NODE

Define a node and it's coordinates in the global coordinate system.

NODE

ANSYS

LS-DYNA

Notes

Card can be previewed, but not edited

*NODE_RIGID_SURF Define a rigid node and it's ACE coordinates in the global coordinate system.

Card can be previewed, but not edited

MADYMO

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

COORDINATE. CARTESIAN

Nodal coordinate definition in a Cartesian coordinate system

X, Y, Z coordinates

If the node is created through type in, the entered values for x, y and z coincide with the X, Y, and Z coordinates of the COORDINATE. CARTESIAN, while system and as node are not used.

POINT_OBJECT

Point on a body or on the reference space, or a finite element node.

REF_SPACE if the POINT_OBJECT is on the reference space

NAME can be entered on the card image.

RIGID_BODY if the POINT_OBJECT is on a rigid body FLEX_BODY if the POINT_OBJECT is on a flexible body FE_NODE if the POINT_OBJECT is a finite element node POINT_OBJECT_FE

Point on a body or on the reference space, or a finite element node.

POINT_OBJECT_1_F E

Defines a point associated with, and located relative to, a body or the reference space.

POINT_OBJECT_1_M Defines a point associated with, B and located relative to, a body or the reference space. POINT_OBJECT_2_F E

Defined through the parent element.

Defines a second point associated with, and located relative to, a body or the reference space.

POINT_OBJECT_2_M Defines a second point B associated with, and located

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

relative to, a body or the reference space.

Nastran

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

GRID

Defines the location of a geometric grid point, the directions of its displacement, and its permanent single-point constraints.

PS

Permanent single point constraint field supported for feinput only. On export, equivalent SPC cards are output.

Defines scalar points.

n/a

SPOINT is supported the same way GRID is supported. On import or export, all the nodes that are designated to be SPOINT will be converted to nodes at the origin.

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

CNODE /

Common node definition

NODE /

Node definition

SPOINT

SPOINT CD-1 GRID_COMMENT

PAM-CRASH 2G

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In the card previewer, the toggle button Common_Node allows you to change between NODE and CNODE.

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Supported Cards

Note:

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

Use the find_cnodes summary template to highlight all CNODE nodes as temporary nodes.

PERMAS

Supported Cards

Solver Description

$COOR

Definition of nodal points and their coordinates

Supported Parameters

Notes

Samcef

The following cards are supported in the HyperMesh Samcef interface: Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

.NOE

Allows the entry of the coordinates of the nodes of the structure.

NODEID, X, Y, Z

Notes

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Geometry Meshing Model Setup

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Collectors and Collected Entities Collectors are named organizational containers for collected entities. An example of a collector is the component collector which collects points, lines, surface, solids, elements, and connectors for model organization purposes. Collectors also control the display state, on or off, of all their collected entities as a group. The display state of collectors can be controlled using the Model Browser. Collected entities are nameless entities which must reside within one, and only one, collector. Therefore, collected entities are mutually exclusive to a collector. Examples of collected entities include points, lines, surfaces, solids, elements, and connectors, which are collected by a component collector.

HyperMesh Collectors and Collected Entities Include Files Assemblies Nodes Components Points Lines Surfaces Solids Elements Connectors Load Collectors Loads Equations System Collectors Systems Vector Collectors Vectors Beamsection Collectors Beamsections Multibodies Ellipsoids Multibody Planes Multibody Joints Bags Generic Optimization Problem FBD Forces (All Loads) FBD Forces (Applied Loads)

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FBD Forces (Reaction Loads) FBD Displacements Resultant Force & Moment FBD Cross-section ADM Part ADM Material

The Current Collector Since a collected entity must belong to one, and only one, collector, there must be a current collector for which newly created collected entities will automatically be organized into. The status bar shows the current collector for include files, components, and load collectors respectively. The current collector is also shown bold in the Model Browser. In addition, the Model Browser context sensitive menu allows for setting the current collector via the Make Current selection.

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Organizing Collected Entities into Collectors Collected entities can be organized into collectors at any point using the Organize panel. The Organize panel can be accessed using the organize icon on the collectors toolbar.

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See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Model Setup

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Assemblies Assemblies collect and organize sub-assemblies and components into hierarchal data structures which are intended to reflect the data structure of the product being modeled. Furthermore, components are intended to be organizational containers for the geometry and FE idealization of physical parts which make up the product. Assemblies are created, edited, and deleted from the Model Browser and are shown under the Assembly Hierarchy folder. The Assembly Hierarchy folder shows a list of assemblies which can be expanded to show the components organized within those assemblies. The Assembly Hierarchy folder also shows a list of components which are currently not organized into any assembly at the bottom of the Assembly Hierarchy folder. Components can be organized into an assembly using drag and drop technology within the Model Browser. Components can be organized into more than one assembly. Therefore, components are not mutually exclusive to an assembly. To organize a component into more than one assembly drag and drop with the control key depressed. In general it is not recommended to organize components into multiple assemblies if it can be avoided. Assemblies have a display state, on or off, which control the display state of all components organized within the assembly in the graphics area. The display state of an assembly can be controlled using the icons next to the assembly in the Model Browser. Geometry and element display states can be controlled separately for assemblies. See components for the display state rules of components. Assemblies also have an active and export state. The active state of an assembly controls the display state of the assembly and the listing of the assembly and its components in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an assembly is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and the assembly and its components are listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an assembly is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently (and hence also its components) and the assembly and its components are not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. If a find operation "finds" an inactive assembly, that assembly will automatically be set to active. The export state of an assembly controls whether or not that assembly, including all components organized within the assembly, are exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of an assembly. The active and export states of assemblies can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. See components for the active and export state rules for components. Operations performed on an assembly do not affect the components collected within the assembly. For example, if you delete an assembly, the components in the assembly are not deleted, but are instead returned to the list of components which are currently not organized into any assembly. The data names associated with assemblies can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for Assemblies RADIOSS (Block Format)

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

/SUBSET

Describes the subsets.

n/a

HyperMesh Notes

MADYMO

Because MADYMO uses a hierarchical data structure, it is crucial to set up the correct hierarchy in HyperMesh using the Assembly panel. The MADYMO hierarchy requires: one root assembly of the type MADYMO one assembly of the type SYSTEM, subtype REF_SPACE assemblies of the type FE_MODEL must be placed in an assembly of the type SYSTEM collectors of the type PART must be placed in an assembly of the type FE_MODEL multibodies must be placed in an assembly of the type SYSTEM

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For newly-created elements, the parent in the hierarchy is derived from the related elements or attributes, or set manually on the card image. For imported elements, the parent is usually set according to the value found in the imported file. Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

CHAR_MOD

Scaling and shifting parameter of a characteristic on a global level.

CHAR, Defined on the card DAMP_COEF_SCALE, of the parent element HYS_SLOPE_SCALE, ELAS_LIMIT_SCALE, DAMP_COEF_SHIFT, HYS_SLOPE_SHIFT, ELAS_LIMIT_SHIFT

CONTROL_AIRBAG

Parameters to control airbag model behaviour.

THERMC, BLOCK_FLOW, AMBIENT_PRES, AMBIENT_TEMP, AMBIENT_DAMP_CO EF

CONTROL_ALLOCAT This element allows the NR_PROC, l_SIZE, ION memory size allocated to R_SIZE, C_SIZE MADYMO, given in integers, real numbers and characters, to be set. The number of processors to be used in the solution can also be specified.

HyperMesh Notes

Defined on the card of the parent FE_MODEL.

Defined on the MADYMO card.

CONTROL_ANALYSI S

Control element for inputting time domain analysis data relevant to the multi-body solver. Used to set analysis duration, size of time step, tolerances and ramp functions.

TIME_START, Defined on the TIME_END, MADYMO card. TIME_STEP, ANALYSIS_TYPE, INT_MTH, RAMP1 & 2, RACO1 & 2, CONSTRAINT_TOL, CONTACT_TOL, CONTACT_MAX_ITER, USE_FE_TIME_STEP

CONTROL_FE_MOD EL

Defines Rayleigh damping and mass lumping method for the parent FE model.

ALPHA_COEF, MASS_LUMP_MTH, ALPHA_FUNC, ALPHA_REL_BODY

CONTROL_FE_TIME _STEP

This element allows the user to specify the range of acceptable

REDUCTION_FACTOR Defined on the card , of the parent

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Defined on the card of the parent FE_MODEL.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

values for the FE model time step, and parameters used by the program to automate time step size.

CRITICAL_ELEMENTS FE_MODEL. , MIN_STEP, MAX_STEP, TIME_INT_MTH, NR_OF_CYCLES

Parameters to control the IMM method

BASED_ON,

CONTROL_OUTPUT

Specifies which output data are to be written and the frequency with which this is done. Also defines how often restart output is written.

FILTER_IGNORE, Defined on the PADDING_TIME, MADYMO card. SCALE_FACTOR_ANI, TIME_START_OUTPU T, TIME_STEP, TIME_STEP_ANI, TIME_STEP_RESTAR T, WRITE_DEBUG, WRITE_FEMESH, MAX_FILE_SIZE

FE_MODEL

Finite element model

CONTROL_FE_MODE L

type = FE_MODEL

CONTROL_FE_TIME_ STEP

comps = references to related PARTs and CONSTRAINT. RIGID_FEs

CONTROL_IMM

TIME_WINDOW, ELAPSED_TIME, MAX_STRETCH_PRIN T CHECK_REF_MESH, EPS_REF_MESH, DYNAMIC_RELAX

CONTROL_AIRBAG CONTROL_IMM FUNC_MOD CHAR_MOD

HyperMesh Notes

Defined on the card of the parent FE_MODEL.

Assemblies and multibodies should be left empty.

INITIAL_PART SCALING

715

FUNC_MOD

Scaling and shifting of functions FUNC, X_SCALE, on a global level. Y_SCALE, X_SHIFT, Y_SHIFT

Defined on the card of the parent element.

MADYMO

MADYMO XML Root element

Multibodies should

card image =

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

HyperMesh Notes

MADYMO

be left empty.

comps = references to related BELTs and CONTROL_SYSTEMs assems = references to the SYSTEM. REF_SPACE and any SYSTEM.MODELs RUNID

Allows a short text description n/a of the analysis to be entered, and contains MADYMO product information.

Defined on the MADYMO card.

SCALING

Scaling of coordinates.

SCALE_TYPE, NODE_LIST, REF_NODE, X_SCALE, Y_SCALE, Z_SCALE

Defined on the card of the parent FE_MODEL.

SYSTEM.MODEL

Parent element for model definition data

card image = SYSTEM

Select MODEL.

Select the INITIAL. comps = references to FE_MODEL check related BELTs box and specify the number of related assems = references INITIAL.FE_MODEL to related FE_MODELs elements to add. multibodies = references to related BODYs

SYSTEM. REF_SPACE

Parent element for reference space definition data

card image = SYSTEM

Comps and multibodies should be left empty.

assems = references to related FE_MODELs Select REF_SPACE. Select the INITIAL. FE_MODEL check box and specify the number of related INITIAL.FE_MODEL elements to add.

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MARC

Supported Cards

Solver Description

ASSEMBLIES

Supported Parameters

HyperMesh Notes

n/a

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

MBSYS /

Describes an assembly of multibodies

TITLE

HyperMesh Notes

H_POINT

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Components

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Components Components collect and organize points, lines, surfaces, solids, elements and connectors. Components are intended to be organizational containers for the geometry and FE idealization of a physical part which makes up a product. Components are created, edited, and deleted from the Model Browser and are shown under the Component folder. Components also have a component view within the Model Browser which lists only components and has advanced options for component creation and editing. Points, lines, surfaces, solids, elements, and connectors can be organized into a component using the Organize panel. Every point, line, surface, solid, element, and connector must be organized into one, and only one, component and therefore are mutually exclusive to a component. Newly created points, lines, surfaces, solids, elements, and connectors are automatically organized into the current component. The current component is shown in the status bar and is also bold in the Model Browser. The current component can be set using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on a selected component within the Component folder. Components can also be card edited using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on selected components. Components have a display state, on or off, which control the display of all points, lines, surfaces, solids, elements, and connectors organized within the component in the graphics area. The display state of a component can be controlled using the icons next to the component in the Model Browser. Geometry and element display states can be controlled separately for components. Components also have an active and export state. The active state of a component controls the display state of the component and the listing of the component in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a component is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a component is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. If a find operation "finds" an inactive component, that component will automatically be set to active. The export state of a component controls whether or not that component and all points, lines, surfaces, solids, elements, and connectors organized within the component are exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a component. The active and export states of components can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. Components can also be assigned properties and materials. Component property and material assignments are user profile (solver interface) dependent, and are described in the section Element Property and Material Assignment Rules. In general, when a component is assigned a property or material, that property or material assignment is applied to all elements organized within that component. The method of assigning properties and materials at the component level is therefore referred to as indirect property and material assignment. Direct property and material assignment is performed directly on the elements themselves. Direct property and material assignments always take precedence over indirect property and material assignments. Operations performed on a component affect all points, lines, surfaces, solids, elements, and connectors within the component. For example, if you delete a component, the points, lines, surfaces, solids, elements, and connectors within the component are also deleted. The data names associated with components can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for Components RADIOSS (Block Format)

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The supported RADIOSS cards in RADIOSS (Block Format) up to 110 are listed below. You can quickly create these cards by right-clicking in the Solver Browser and selecting Create Cards. Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

/PART

Defines a part.

Prop_ID, Mat_ID, Subset_ID, Thick

Notes

Actran

You can define the following Actran components: Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

COUPLING_SURFAC Used for BC_MESH and Name, ID E INTERFACE purposes to handle incompatible meshes. DISCRETE

Corresponds to springs and lumped mass elements.

FIELD_POINT_SURF ACE FINITE_FLUID

Name, ID

Corresponds to the finite elements used to model acoustic media.

INCIDENT_SURFACE A set of finite element faces supporting the evaluation of the incident acoustic power. INFINITE_DOMAIN

Collection of infinite elements that discretize an unbounded acoustic domain.

INFINITE_FLUID

Corresponds to the infinite elements used to model acoustic free field.

INFINITE_MESH

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Name, ID

Name, ID, POWER EVALUATION

Name, ID

Order ORIGIN, VECTOR

The INFINITE MESH data block is made of two subsections INFINITE_DOMAIN and

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

INFINITE_ELEMENT MODAL_BASIS

Defines the modal content of the sound field in a modal component

MODAL_SURFACE

Defines the coupling surface between modal components and the acoustic finite element model

POROUS_UP

Corresponds to finite elements used to model poro-elastic media.

MATERIAL, Coord Syst, Shape, MODE, DIRECTION, PROPERTY, Flow

Name, ID, POWER EVALUATION

RADIATING_SURFAC A set of finite element faces on E which the acoustic power is calculated.

Name, ID

RAYLEIGH_SURFAC A set of boundary elements E used to model a semi-infinite acoustic fluid interfaced with a plane or nearly plane baffled structure.

Name, ID

RIGID_POROUS

Corresponds to finite elements used to model rigid porous media.

Name, ID, POWER EVALUATION

SHELL

Corresponds to finite elements used to model shell viscoelastic media.

Name, ID, POWER EVALUATION, AUTO ORIENT

SOLID

Corresponds to finite elements used to model solid viscoelastic materials.

Name, ID, POWER EVALUATION

STIFFENER

Corresponds to finite elements Name, ID used to model Actran equivalent stiffeners.

SUPER_CONNECTO Used to couple an Actran model COUPLING R to a Nastran super-element. SURFACE:

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

SURFACE, GAP_TOL, PLANE_TOL TRANSLATION STIFFNESS: Normal, Tang1, Tang2 ROTATIONAL STIFFNESS: Normal, Tang1, Tang2 VISCOTHERMAL_FL UID

Corresponds to finite elements Name, ID, POWER used to model viscothermal fluid EVALUATION, AUTO media. ORIENT

ANSYS

Supported Cards

Solver Description

*HM_COMP

Supported Parameters

Notes

TYPE, MAT, REAL

ET card, R card, MAT, and SECDATA card

Notes

LS-DYNA

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*DAMPING_PART_M ASS

Define mass weighted damping by part ID

LCID, SF, FLAG

*DAMPING_PART_ STIFFNESS

Assign Rayleigh stiffness damping coefficient by part ID

BETA

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Options (None, Inertia, Reposition, Interia_Contact, Reposition_Contact, Contact)

Options (None, Inertia,

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

Reposition, Interia_Contact, Reposition_Contact, Contact) *INCLUDE_STAMPE D_ PART

Allows the plastic strain and thickness distribution of the stamping simulation to be mapped onto a part in the crash model.

FILENAME, THICK, PSTRN, STRAIN, INCOUT, RMAX, N1S, N2S, N3S, N2C, N3C, TENSOR Options (None, Inertia, Reposition, Interia_Contact, Reposition_Contact, Contact)

*PART

Define parts for part adaptivity.

comment EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID Options (None, Inertia, Reposition, Interia_Contact, Reposition_Contact, Contact) PrintOption RigidBodyMerge DampingMass DampingStiffness IncludeStampPart PartMove

*PART_COMPOSITE

*PART_COMPOSITE _ CONTACT

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Provides a simplified method of defining a composite material model for shell elements that eliminates the need for user defined integration rules and part IDs for each composite layer.

HEADING, ELFORM, SHRF, NLOC, MAREA, HGID, ADPOPT, MID, THICK, B

Allows part based contact parameters to be use with the automatic contact types a3, 4,

HEADING, ELFORM, SHRF, NLOC, MAREA, HGID,

ContactOption Number_of_Plies

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

a5, a10, 13, 15 and 26.

ADPOPT, FS, FD, DC, VC, OPTT, SFT, SSF

Notes

Number_of_Plies *PART_CONTACT

Allows part-based contact parameters to be used with the automatic contact types a3, a5, a10, a13, 15 and 26

comment, EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, SCFC, DCFC, EDC, VCFC, OPTT, SFT, SSF ConRigidBodiesHelp comment, EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, SCFC, DCFC, EDC, VCFC, OPTT, SFT, SSF, PRBF

*PART_CONTACT_P RINT

ConRigidBodiesHelp *PART_INERTIA

Allows the inertial properties and initial conditions to be defined rather than calculated from the finite element mesh.

comment, EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, XC, YC, ZC, TM, IRCS, NODEID, IXX, IXY, IXZ, IYY, IYZ, IZZ, VTX, VTY, VTZ, VRX, VRY, VRZ

*PART_INERTIA_CO NTACT

comment, EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, XC, YC, ZC, TM, IRCS, NODEID, IXX, IXY, IXZ, IYY, IYZ, IZZ, VTX, VTY, VTZ, VRX, VRY, VRZ, PRBF

*PART_INERTIA_CO NTACT _PRINT

comment, EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, XC, YC, ZC, TM, IRCS, NODEID, IXX, IXY, IXZ, IYY, IYZ, IZZ, VTX, VTY, VTZ, VRX, VRY,

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

VRZ, SCFC, DCFC, EDC, VCFC, OPTT, SFT, SSF, PRBF *PART_INERTIA_PRI NT

*PART_MOVE

*PART_PRINT

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comment, EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, XC, YC, ZC, TM, IRCS, NODEID, IXX, IXY, IXZ, IYY, IYZ, IZZ, VTX, VTY, VTZ, VRY, VRZ, PRBF Translate a part by an incremental displacement in either a local or a global coordinate system.

XMOV, YMOV, ZMOV, CID Options (None, Inertia, Reposition, Interia_Contact, Reposition_Contact, Contact)

Allows user control over whether comment output data is written into the EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ASCII files MATSUM and ADPOPT, TMID, PRBF RBDOUT. Options (None, Inertia, Reposition, Interia_Contact, Reposition_Contact, Contact)

*PART_REPOSITION Applies to deformable materials and is used to reposition deformable materials attached to rigid dummy components whose motion is controlled by either CAL3D or MADYMO.

comment

*PART_REPOSITION _ CONTACT

comment

EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, CMSN, MDEP, MOVOPT

EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, CMSN, MDEP, MOVOPT, SCFC, DCFC, EDC, VCFC, OPTT, SFT, SSF

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*PART_REPOSITION _ CONTACT_PRINT

comment

*PART_REPOSITION _ PRINT

comment

Notes

EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, CMSN, MDEP, MOVOPT, SCFC, DCFC, EDC, VCFC, OPTT, SFT, SSF, PRBF

EOSID, HGID, GRAV, ADPOPT, TMID, CMSN, MDEP, MOVOPT, PRBF

MADYMO

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

BELT

This is the root element for defining belt models.

POINT_OBJECT_1. REF

BELT_FUSE

Fuse belts can model the tearing of seat belt stitches, which is used as a load limiting device.

Defined on the card of parent BELT_SEGMENT

BELT_RETRACTOR

Retractor with webbing grabber.

Reference to parent BELT.

BELT_SEGMENT

A belt segment is a section of a belt, defined as a straight line between two points. Where these points are attached to a body, e.g. a dummy model, the belt will slide only along the direction of the belt segment.

Reference to parent BELT.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

BELT_TYING

Belt segments are joined together using the BELT_TYING elements to specify the segment ends to be joined and the slip friction at the junction.

CONSTRAINT. RIGID_FE

Rigid elements and rigid parts that form one rigid FE entity.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Reference to parent BELT.

CONTACT_EVALUAT Scale the contact force related CONTACT_LIST E to a list of selected contacts of ellipsoids with planes, cylinders NR_OF_CONTACTS and ellipsoids.

CONTROL_SYSTEM

Control module for multi-body systems.

ID, NAME

PART

All finite elements of the same formulation, properties and material are assigned to a part. This XML element indicates which property and material parameters are to be applied to a given part.

ID, NAME, PROPERTY, MATERIAL

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

PART /

Part_3D

SOLID, BSHEL, TETRA

PART /

Part_2D

TSHEL, SHELL, MEMBR

Type the number of CONTACTs in the CONTACT_LIST and select the desired CONTACT.MB_MBs .

PAM-CRASH 2G

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

PART /

Part_1D

BAR, BEAM, SPRING, JOINT, KJOIN, MBSPR, MBKJN, SPRGBM

PART /

PART_LINK

TIED, SLINK, ELINK, PLINK, LLINK

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

$ELPROP

Assignment of geometrical data Mass/Springs and material to elements

Notes

PERMAS

Notes

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Assemblies

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Points A point is a zero-dimensional geometry entity. There are two different types of points in HyperMesh; Free Points and Fixed Points. A free point is a zero-dimensional geometry entity in space that is not associated with a surface. It is displayed as a small "x". These types of points are typically used for weld locations and connectors. A fixed point is a zero-dimensional geometry entity that is associated with a surface. It is displayed as a small "o". The automesher places a node at each fixed point on the surface being meshed. A fixed point that is placed at the junction of three or more non-suppressed edges is called a vertex or vertex point. Such vertices cannot be suppressed (removed). The following panels can be used to create and edit points: Quick Edit Point Edit

The data names associated with points can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Geometry Terminology CAD Interfacing Geometry Functionality Include Files Assemblies Components

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Lines A line represents a curve in space and is not attached to any surface or solid. A line is a one-dimensional geometric entity. A line can be composed of one or more line types. Each line type in a line is referred to as a segment. The end point of each line segment is connected to the first point of the next segment. A joint is the common point between two line segments. Line segments are maintained as a single line entity, so operations performed on the line affect each segment of the line. In general, HyperMesh automatically uses the appropriate number and type of line segments to represent the geometry. Lines are different from surface edges and are sometimes handled differently for certain HyperMesh operations. The following panels can be used to create and edit lines: Lines Line Edit

The data names associated with lines can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Geometry Terminology CAD Interfacing Geometry Functionality Include Files Assemblies Components

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Surfaces A surface represents the geometry associated with a physical part. A surface is a two-dimensional geometric entity that may be used in automatic mesh generation. A surface is comprised of one or more faces. Each face contains a mathematical surface and edges to trim the surface, if required. When a surface has several faces, HyperMesh maintains all of the faces as a single surface entity. Operations performed on the surface affect all the faces that comprise the surface. In general, HyperMesh automatically uses the appropriate number of and type of surface faces to represent the geometry. Surface edges are different from lines and are sometimes handled differently for certain HyperMesh operations. The connectivity of surface edges constitutes the geometric topology. The following panels can be used to create and edit surfaces: Surfaces Surface Edit Defeature Midsurface Quick Edit Edge Edit Autocleanup

The data names associated with surfaces can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Geometry Terminology CAD Interfacing Geometry Functionality Include Files Assemblies Components

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Solids Solids are closed volume of surfaces that can take any shape. Solids are three-dimensional entities that can be used in automatic tetra and solid meshing. The surfaces defining a solid can belong to multiple component collectors. The display of a solid and its bounding surfaces are controlled only by the component collector to which the solid belongs. The following panels can be used to create and edit solids: Solids Solid Edit Primitives

The data names associated with solids can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Geometry Terminology CAD Interfacing Geometry Functionality Include Files Assemblies Components

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Elements Elements are FE idealizations for a portion of a physical part. Each element in HyperMesh has an associated element configuration. An element configuration tells HyperMesh how to draw, store, and work with the element. HyperMesh supports the following element configurations.

0D Element Types Mass Rigid Element Types RBE3 Rigid Rigidlink 1D Element Types Bar2 Bar3 Gap Joint Plot Rod Spring Weld 2D Element Types Quad4 Quad8 Tria3 Tria6 3D Element Types Hex8 Hex20 Penta6 Penta15 Pyramid5

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Pyramid13 Tetra4 Tetra10 Interface Element Types Master3 Master4 Slave1 Slave3 Slave4

Solver Card Support for Elements RADIOSS (Block Format)

The supported RADIOSS cards in RADIOSS 100 are listed below. You can quickly create these cards by right-clicking in the Solver Browser and selecting Create Cards.

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

/ADMAS

Describes the added masses.

Mass

/BEAM

Describes the beam elements.

Bar

/BRIC20

Describes 3D solid elements.

Hex20

/BRICK

Defines a Hexahedral Solid Element and Thick Shell Element with 8 nodes.

Hex8, Penta6, Pyramid5, Tetra4

/CYL_JOINT

Describes the cylindrical joints.

Rigid

/QUAD

Describes the 2D solid elements.

Quad4

/RBE2

Ties degree of freedom of Rigid multiple nodes to one node with option to choose the degree freedom that need to be tied.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

/RBE3

Ties degree of freedom of one node to multiple nodes.

RBE3

/RBODY

Describes the rigid bodies.

Rigid

/RIVET

Describes the rivet or spotweld.

Weld

/RLINK

Describes the rigid links.

Rigid

/SHELL

Describes the 4 node shell elements.

Quad4

/SH3N

Describes the 3 node shell elements

Tria3

/SPHCEL

Describes the SPH cells.

Mass

/SPRING

Describes the spring elements.

Spring

/TETRA4

Describes the 4-noded tetra elements

Tetra4

/TETRA10

Describes the 10-noded tetra elements

Tetra10

/TRUSS

Describes the truss elements.

Rod

Notes

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

Most RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct structural elements used in finite element analysis solution sequences are supported as elements in the interface.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

BMFACE

Defines quad or tria faces that are in turn used to define a barrier to limit the total deformation for free-shape design regions.

Tria3

Notes

Quad4

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

CAABSF

Defines a frequency-dependent Mass acoustic absorber element in coupled fluid-structural analysis. Rod

Notes

Tria3 Quad4 CBAR

Defines a simple beam element.

CBEAM

Defines a beam element Bar2 (BEAM) of the structural model.

CBUSH

Defines a generalized springdamper structural element.

Spring

CBUSH1D

Defines a one-dimensional spring-damper structural element.

Mass

Defines a scalar damper element.

Spring

Defines a scalar damper element, without reference to a property.

Spring

Defines a scalar damper element that is connected only to scalar points.

Spring

Defines a scalar damper element that is connected only to scalar points and is without reference to a material or property entry.

Spring

CDAMP1

CDAMP2

CDAMP3

CDAMP4

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Bar2

Spring Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (grounded CDAMP1).

Mass

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (grounded CDAMP2).

Mass

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (when a coordinate is constrained).

Mass

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (when a coordinate is constrained).

Mass

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

CELAS1

Defines a scalar spring element of the structural model.

Spring

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (grounded CELAS1).

Defines a scalar spring element of the structural model without reference to a property entry.

Spring

CELAS2

Mass

Mass

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (grounded CELAS2). Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

CELAS3

737

Defines a scalar spring element that connects only to scalar points.

Spring Mass

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (when a coordinate is constrained).

CELAS4

Defines a scalar spring element Spring that is connected only to scalar Mass points without reference to a property entry.

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (when a coordinate is constrained).

CGAP

Defines a gap or friction element.

Gap

The type of gap elements (either CGAP or CGAPG) is automatically determined based on whether the element is node-to-node or node-to-elem.

CGAPG

Defines a node-to-obstacle gap element. The obstacle may be an element face or a patch of nodes.

Gap

The type of gap elements (either CGAP or CGAPG) is automatically determined based on whether the element

Mass

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

is node-to-node or node-to-elem. CHACAB

Defines the acoustic absorber element in coupled fluidstructural analysis

Hex8

CHBDYE

Defines a surface element for application of thermal boundary condition.

Slave1

CHEXA (8-noded)

Defines a first order solid element, composed of 6 quadrilateral faces.

Hex8

CHEXA (20-noded)

Defines a second order solid element, composed of 6 quadrilateral faces.

Hex20

A second order element with missing mid-side nodes can be defined in RADIOSS (Bulk Data). Input data decks containing such elements are read by the translator as a first-order element. A message is written to the OptiStruct.msg file indicating the corresponding element ID.

CMASS1

Defines a scalar mass element. Spring

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (grounded CMASS1).

Defined using the Interfaces panel with the CONDUCTION or CONVECTION type.

Mass

CMASS2

CMASS3

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Defines a scalar mass element without reference to a property entry.

Spring Mass

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (grounded CMASS2).

Defines a scalar mass element

Spring

Represented as a

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Supported Cards

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Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

that is connected only to scalar Mass points.

spring element type or as a mass element type (when a coordinate is constrained).

CMASS4

Defines a scalar mass element Spring that is connected only to scalar points and is without reference Mass to a property.

Represented as a spring element type or as a mass element type (when a coordinate is constrained).

CMBEAM

Defines a beam element for Bar2 multi-body dynamics solution sequence without reference to a property entry.

CMSPDP

Defines a spring damper element without reference to a property entry for multi-body solution sequence.

Spring

CONM1

Defines a 6x6 mass matrix at a geometric grid point.

Mass

CONM2

Defines a concentrated mass at Mass a grid point of the structural model.

CONROD

Defines a rod element without reference to a property entry.

Rod

CONV

Specifies a free convection boundary condition for heat transfer analysis.

Slave1

CPENTA (6-noded)

Defines a first order solid element, composed of 3 quadrilateral and 2 triangular faces.

Penta6

CPENTA (15-noded)

Defines a second order solid

Penta15

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Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

Represented as a continuation to CHBDYE slave element card.

A second order

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

element, composed of 3 quadrilateral and 2 triangular faces.

element with missing mid-side nodes can be defined in RADIOSS (Bulk Data). Input data decks containing such elements are read by the translator as a first-order element. A message is written to the OptiStruct.msg file indicating the corresponding element ID.

CPYRA (5-noded)

Defines a first order solid element, composed of 1 quadrilateral and 4 triangular faces.

Pyramid5

CPYRA (13-noded)

Defines a second order solid element, composed of 1 quadrilateral and 4 triangular faces.

Pyramid13

CQUAD4

Defines a quadrilateral plate element (QUAD4) of the structural model.

Quad4

CQUAD8

Defines a curved quadrilateral shell element with eight grid points.

Quad8

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Notes

A second order element with missing mid-side nodes can be defined in RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format). Input data decks containing such elements are read by the translator as a first-order element. A message is written to the OptiStruct.msg file indicating the corresponding element ID.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

CROD

Defines a tension-compression element (ROD) of the structural model.

Rod

CSHEAR

Defines a shear panel element.

Quad4

CTETRA (4-noded)

Defines a first order solid element, composed of 4 triangular faces.

Tetra4

CTETRA (10-noded)

Defines a second order solid element, composed of 4 triangular faces.

Tetra10

CTRIA3

Defines a triangular plate element (TRIA3) of the structural model.

Tria3

CTRIA6

Defines a second order triangular element.

Tria6

CTUBE

Defines a tension-compression- Rod torsion element (TUBE) of the structural model.

CVISC

Defines a viscous damper element.

CWELD

Defines a weld or fastener Mass connecting two surface patches Rod or points.

Spring

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A second order element with missing mid-side nodes can be defined in RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format). Input data decks containing such elements are read by the translator as a first-order element. A message is written to the OptiStruct.msg file indicating the corresponding element ID.

Represented as a spring element type. Represented as a rod element type.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

HMSPRING

Defines a spring element, which Spring is converted to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) entities on export, in a manner similar to that explained in Using HM_ELAS.

JOINT

Defines a joint used in multibody dynamics.

Joint

PLOTEL

Defines a one-dimensional dummy element for use in plotting.

Plot

PLOTEL3

Defines a three-noded, twoTria dimensional dummy element for Quad4 use in plotting.

PLOTEL4

Defines a four-noded, twoTria dimensional dummy element for Quad4 use in plotting.

QBDY1

Defines a uniform heat flux for CHBDYE elements.

RBAR

Defines a rigid bar with 6 Weld degrees of freedom at each end.

RBE2

Defines a rigid body whose Rigid independent degrees of freedom RigidLink are specified at a single grid point and whose dependent degrees of freedom are specified at an arbitrary number of grid points.

RBE3

Defines the motion at a Rbe3 "reference" grid point as the weighted average of the motions at a set of other grid points.

RROD

Defines a pin-ended rod that is

Altair Engineering

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Flux

An RBE2 element with one dependent node is represented as a rigid element type, while an element with multiple dependent nodes is represented as a rigid link element type.

Rod

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742

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

rigid in extension.

RADIOSS (Fixed Format)

Abaqus

Standard.2d Template

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters

*COUPLING

Define a surface-based coupling constraint where the *SURFACE card points to nodes.

Rigid

COUP_KIN

*ELEMENT

743

*COUPLING with element-based *SURFACE cards are defined as groups

Define elements by giving their nodes.

TYPE and ELSET

Mass

MASS, ROTARYI, SPRING1, DASHPOT1, CONN2D2, ITT21

Rigid

R2D2, RAX2, RB2D2, BEAM, LINK, PIN, TIE, KINCOUP, COUP_KIN

RBE3

DCOUP2D, COUP_DIS

Spring

SPRING2, SPRINGA,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters DASHPOT2, DASHPOTA, JOINTC

Altair Engineering

Bar2

SAX1, B21, B21H, B23, B23H, PIPE21, PIPE21H, F2D2, FAX2, AC1D2

Bar3

B22, SAX2, AC1D3, B22H, PIPE22, PIPE22H

Rod

T2D2, T2D2H, T2D2T, T2D2E, GK2D2, GK2D2N, CONN2D2, SFMAX1, MGAX1, SFMGAX1, DC1D2

Gap

GAPUNI, GAPCYL, GAPSPHER

Tria3

CPE3, CPS3, CPS3E, CPE3H, CPE3E, CAX3, CAX3H, CAX3E, CGAX3, CGAX3H, DCAX3, DCAX3E, DC2D3, DC2D3E, AC2D3, ACAX3, CAX3T

Quad4

CPE4I, CPS4, CPS4I, CPS4R, CPS4T, CPS4E, CPE4, CPE4H, CPE4IH, CPE4R, CPE4RH, CPE4T, CPE4HT, CPE4E, CAX4, CAX4H, CAX4I, CAX4IH, CAX4R, CAX4RH, CGAX4, CGAX4H, CGAX4R,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

744

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters CGAX4RH, DCAX4, DCCAX4, DCCAX4D, DCAX4E, CAX4T, CAX4HT, ACAX4, CAX4E, DC2D4, DC2D4E, AC2D4, CPE4P, CPE4PH, CPE4RP, CPE4RPH, CAXA41, CAXA4H1, CAXA4R1, CAXA4RH1, GKPS4, GKPE4, GKPS4N, COH2D4, COHAX4

745

Tria6

DCAX6, CPS6, CPS6M, CAX6, CAX6H, CAX6M, CAX6MH, CGAX6, CGAX6H, CPE6, CPE6H, CPE6M, CPE6MH, DC2D6, DCAX6E, DC2D6E, AC2D6, ACAX6, CPE6MP, CPE6MPH

Quad8

CPS8, CAX8, CAX8H, CAX8HT, CAX8R, CAX8RH, CAX8RHT, CAX8RT, CGAX8, CGAX8H, CGAX8R, CGAX8RH, CPE8, CPE8H, CPE8R, CPE8RH, CPS8R, DC2D8, CAXA81, CAXA8H1, CAXA8P1, CAXA8R1, CAXA8RH1, CAXA8RP1, DCAX8, DCAX8E, DC2D8E, AC2D8, ACAX8,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters CAX8T, CGAX8T, CGE8P, CPE8PH, CPE8RP, CPE8RPH

Hex8

EC3D8R

*KINEMATIC COUPLING

Constrain all or specific Rigid degrees of freedom of a set of nodes to the rigid body motion of a reference node.

KINCOUP

*MPC

Define multi-point constraints.

BEAM, LINK, PIN, TIE

*RELEASE

Release rotational degrees of Bar2/Bar3 freedom at one or both ends of a beam element.

Rigid

See Note**

Standard.3d Template

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters

*COUPLING

Define a surface-based coupling constraint.

Rigid

COUP_KIN, COUP_DIS

*ELEMENT

Define elements by giving their nodes.

Altair Engineering

TYPE and ELSET

Mass

MASS, ROTARYI, SPRING1, DASHPOT1, CONN3D2, ITT31

Rigid

RB3D2

RBE3

DCOUP3D, COUP_DIS

Spring

SPRING2,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

746

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters SPRINGA, DASHPOT2, DASHPOTA, JOINTC

747

Bar2

B31, B31H, B33, B33H, B31OS, B31OSH, PIPE31, PIPE31H, GK3D2, GK3D2N, AC1D2, ELBOW31, ELBOW31B, ELBOW31C

Bar3

B32, B32H, B32OS, B32OSH, AC1D3, ELBOW32, PIPE32, PIPE32H, MGAX2, SFMGAX2, SFMAX2

Rod

T3D2, T3D2H, T3D2T, T3D2E, CONN3D2, SFMAX1, MGAX1, SFMGAX1

Gap

GAPUNI, GAPCYL, GAPSPHER

Tria3

S3, S3R, STRI3, M3D3, R3D3, DS3, SFM3D3, R3D3, DS3, F3D3, ACIN3D3

Quad4

S4, S4R, S4R5, M3D4, M3D4R, R3D4, DS4, SFM3D4, SFM3D4R, GK3D4L, GK3D4LN, F3D4, ACIN3D4

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Altair Engineering

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters

Tria6

STRI65, DS6, M3D6, SFM3D6

Quad8

S8R, S8R5, S8RT, DS8, M3D8, M3D8R, SFM3D8, SFM3D8R

Tetra4

C3D4, C3D4H, DC3D4, C3D4E, DC3D4E, AC3D4

Pyramid5

C3D8, C3D8I, C3D8H, C3D8T, C3D8HT, C3D8IH, C3D8R, C3D8RH, C3D8E, C3D6, C3D6H, C3D6E, C3D8RT, C3D8RHT

Penta6

C3D6, C3D6H, DC3D6, C3D6E, DC3D6E, GK3D6, GK3D6N, SC6R, COH3D6, AC3D6

Hex8

C3D8I, C3D8, C3D8T, C3D8H, C3D8HT, C3D8IH, C3D8R, C3D8RH, C3D8E, DC3D8, AC3D8, DC3D8E, DCC3D8, DCC3D8D, GK3D8, GK3D8N, SC8R, COH3D8, C3D8P, C3D8PH, C3D8RP, C3D8RPH, C3D8RT, C3D8RHT

Tetra10

C3D10, C3D10H, C3D10I, C3D10M, C3D10MH, C3D10MT, DC3D10,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

748

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters C3D10E, DC3D10E, AC3D10, C3D10MP, C3D10MPH

Pyramid13

C3D20, C3D20H, C3D20R, C3D20RH, C3D20E, C3D20RE, C3D20T, C3D20HT, C3D20RT, C3D20RHT, C3D15, C3D15H, C3D15E

Penta15

C3D15, C3D15H, DC3D15, C3D15E, DC3D15E, AC3D15

Hex20

C3D20, C3D20H, C3D20R, C3D20RH, DC3D20, AC3D20, C3D20E, C3D20RE, C3D20T, C3D20HT, C3D20RT, C3D20RHT, DC3D20E, C3D20P, C3D20PH, C3D20RP, C3D20RPH

*KINEMATIC COUPLING

Constrain all or specific degrees of freedom of a set of nodes to the rigid body motion of a reference node.

Rigid

KINCOUP

*MPC

Define multi-point constraints.

Rigid

BEAM, LINK, PIN, TIE

*RELEASE

Release rotational degrees of Bar2/Bar3 freedom at one or both ends of a beam element.

See Note**

Explicit Template

749

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters

*COUPLING

Define a surface-based coupling constraint.

Rigid

COUP_KIN

*ELEMENT

Define elements by giving their nodes.

Altair Engineering

TYPE and ELSET

Mass

MASS, ROTARYI, CONN3D2, CONN2D2

Rigid

R2D2, RAX2, BEAM, LINK, PIN, TIE, COUP_KIN

RBE3

COUP_DIS

Spring

SPRINGA, DASHPOTA

Bar2

B21, B31, SAX1, F2D2, FAX2

Bar3

B22, B32

Rod

T2D2, T3D2, CONN3D2, CONN2D2

Tria3

CPS3, CPE3, CAX3, S3R, R3D3, M3D3, S3RS, SFM3D3, F3D3, AC2D3, ACAX3, CAX3T, S3, ACIN3D3

Quad4

CPS4R, CPE4R, CAX4R, S4R, R3D4, M3D4R, S4RS, S4RSW, SFM3D4R, COH2D4, COHAX4, F3D4, S4, ACIN3DR

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

750

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Supported Parameters

Tetra4

C3D4, AC3D4

Pyramid5

C3D8, C3D8T, C3D8I, C3D8R, C3D6, C3D8RT, C3D8RHT

Penta6

C3D6, SC6R, COH3D6, AC3D6, C3D6R

Hex8

C3D8I, C3D8, C3D8T, SC8R, C3D8R, COH3D8, AC3D8R, C3D8RT, C3D8RHT, EC3D8R

Tetra10

C3D10M, C3D10MT

Rigid

BEAM, LINK, PIN, TIE

*MPC

Define multi-point constraints

*RELEASE

Release rotational degrees of Bar2/Bar3 freedom at one or both ends of a beam element

See Note**

Note** To add a *RELEASE card to this element, click pins a = and pins b = and type in the HyperMesh dof code for the Abaqus release combination code you want from the following table:

751

HyperMesh dof Code

Abaqus Release Combination Code

4

T

5

M2

45

M2-T

6

M1

46

M1-T

56

M1-M2

456

ALLM

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Note:

For 2-D problems, only dof6 (M1) is active.

Actran

The following Actran element types are supported: Supported Cards

Solver Description

ELEMENTS

Supported Configurations

Notes

bar2 tria3 tria6 quad4 quad8 tet4 tet10 penta6 penta15 hex8 hex20

ANSYS

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

BEAM3

2-D Elastic Beam

Bar2

Config 60, Type 2

BEAM4

3-D Elastic Beam

Bar2

Config 60, Type 1

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

752

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

BEAM23

2-D Plastic Beam

Bar2

Config 60, Type 9

BEAM24

3-D Thin-walled Beam

Bar2

Config 60, Type 6

BEAM44

3-D Elastic Tapered Unsymmetric Beam

Bar2

Config 60, Type 7

BEAM54

2-D Elastic Tapered Unsymmetric Beam

Bar2

Config 60, Type 10

BEAM188

3-D Linear Finite Strain Beam

Bar2

Config 60, Type 8

BEAM189

3-D Quadratic Finite Strain Beam

Bar3

Config 63, Type 1

CERIG

Ldof, Ldof2, Ldof3, Ldof4, Ldof5

Rigid

Defines a rigid region. Config 5, Type 1, 2

CIRCU124

General circuit element applicable to circuit simulation

Rod

COMBIN14

Spring-Damper

Spring

Config 21, Type 1

COMBIN39

Nonlinear Spring

Spring

Config 21, Type 2

COMBIN40

Combination

Spring

Config 21, Type 3

CONTA171

2-D 2-Node Surface-to-Surface Contact

Plot

Config 2, Type 3

CONTA172

2-D 3-Node Surface-to-Surface Contact

Bar3

Config 63, Type 12

CONTA173

3-D 4-Node Surface-to-Surface Contact

Tria3

Config 103, Type 13

Quad4

Config 104, Type 13

3-D 8-Node Surface-to-Surface Contact

Tria6

Config 106, Type 10

Quad 8

Config 108, Type 10

2-D/3-D Node-to-Surface

Mass

Config 1, Type 14

CONTA174

CONTA175

753

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Contact CONTA177

3-D Line-to-Surface Contact

Bar2 Bar3

CONTA178

3-D Node-to-Node Contact

Gap

Config 70, Type 3

CONTAC12

2-D Point-to-Point Contact

Gap

Config 70, Type 2

CONTAC48

Tria3

CONTAC49

Tria3 Quad4

CONTAC52

3-D Point-to-Point Contact

Gap

Config 70, Type 1

CP

Defines (or modifies) a set of coupled degrees of freedom.

Rigid

Config 55, Type 1, 2

CP_ELEC

Rigid

CP_STRUC

Rigid

FLUID29

FLUID30

2-D Axisymmetric Harmonic Acoustic Fluid

Tria3

3-D Acoustic Fluid

Tetra4

Quad4

Penta6 Hex8 FLUID80

3-D Contained Fluid

Hex8

Config 208, Type 9

FLUID116

Coupled Thermal-Fluid Pipe

Rod

Config 61, Type 12

HF118

2-D High-Frequency Quadrilateral Solid

Tria6

Config 106, Type 25

Quad8

Config 108, Type 25

HF119

Altair Engineering

3-D High-Frequency Tetrahedral Tetra10 Solid

Config 210, Type 11

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

754

Supported Cards

Solver Description

HF120

3-D High-Frequency Brick Solid Pyramid13

HYPER58

755

3-D 8-Node Mixed u-P Hyperelastic Solid

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Config 213, Type 3

Penta15

Config 215, Type 3

Hex20

Config 220, Type 3

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 11

Penta6

Config 206, Type 11

Hex8

Config 208, Type 11

LINK1

2-D Spar (or Truss)

Rod

Config 61, Type 5

LINK8

3-D Spar (or Truss)

Rod

Config 61, Type 1

LINK10

Tension-only or Compressiononly Spar

Rod

Config 61, Type 2

LINK31

Radiation Link

Rod

Config 61, Type 6

LINK32

2-D Conduction Bar

Rod

Config 61, Type 7

LINK33

3-D Conduction Bar

Rod

Config 61, Type 8

LINK34

Convection Link

Rod

Config 61, Type 9

LINK68

Coupled Thermal-Electric Line

Rod

Config 61, Type 14

LINK180

3-D Finite Strain Spar (or Truss) Rod

Config 61, Type 11

MASS21

Structural Mass

Mass

Config 1, Type 1

MASS71

Thermal Mass

Mass

Config 1, Type 2

MESH200

Meshing Facet

Bar3

Config 63, Type 26

Rod

Config 61, Type 26

Tria3

Config 103, Type 26

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 26

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 26

Quad4

Config 104, Type 26

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Hex8

Config 208, Type 26

Tria6

Config 106, Type 26

Quad8

Config 108, Type 26

Hex20

Config 220, Type 26

MPC184

Multipoint Constraint Elements: Rigid Link, Rigid Beam, Slider, Spherical, Revolute, Universal

Rod

Config 61, Type 13

PIPE16

Elastic Straight Pipe

Bar2

Config 60, Type 3

PIPE18

Elastic Curved Pipe (Elbow)

Bar2

Config 60, Type 4

PIPE20

Plastic Straight Pipe

Rod

Config 61, Type 4

PIPE60

Plastic Curved Pipe (Elbow)

Bar2

Config 60, Type 5

PLANE2

2-D 6-Node Triangular Structural Tria6 Solid

Config 106, Type 21

PLANE13

2-D Coupled-Field Solid

Tria3

Config 103, Type 3

Quad4

Config 104, Type 3

Axisymmetric-Harmonic 4-Node Tria3 Structural Solid Quad4

Config 103, Type 6

PLANE35

2-D 6-Node Triangular Thermal Solid

Tria6

Config 106, Type 7

PLANE42

2-D Structural Solid

Tria3

Config 103, Type 4

Quad4

Config 104, Type 4

Tria6

Config 106, Type 9

Quad8

Config 108, Type 9

Tria3

Config 103, Type 5

Quad4

Config 104, Type 5

PLANE25

PLANE53

PLANE55

Altair Engineering

2-D 8-Node Magnetic Solid

2-D Thermal Solid

Config 104, Type 6

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756

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

PLANE67

2-D Coupled Thermal-Electric Solid

Tria3

Config 103, Type 21

Quad4

Config 104, Type 21

PLANE75

PLANE77

PLANE78

PLANE82

PLANE83

PLANE121

PLANE145

Axisymmetric-Harmonic 4-Node Tria3 Thermal Solid Quad4

Config 103, Type 9

2-D 8-Node Thermal Solid

Tria6

Config 106, Type 2

Quad8

Config 108, Type 2

Axisymmetric-Harmonic 8-Node Tria6 Thermal Solid Quad8

Config 106, Type 8

2-D 8-Node Structural Solid

Tria6

Config 106, Type 1

Quad8

Config 108, Type 1

Axisymmetric-Harmonic 8-Node Tria6 Structural Solid Quad8

Config 106, Type 3

2-D 8-Node Electrostatic Solid

Tria6

Config 106, Type 22

Quad8

Config 108, Type 22

Tria6

Config 106, Type 23

Quad8

Config 108, Type 23

Tria6

Config 106, Type 31

Tria3

Config 103, Type 22

Quad4

Config 104, Type 22

Tria3

Config 103, Type 23

Quad4

Config 104, Type 23

Tria6

Config 106, Type 19

Quad8

Config 108, Type 19

2-D Quadrilateral Structural Solid p-Element

PLANE146 PLANE162

PLANE182

PLANE183

PLANE223

757

Explicit 2-D Structural Solid

2-D 4-Node Structural Solid

2-D 8-Node Structural Solid

2-D 8-Node Coupled-Field Solid

Config 104, Type 9

Config 108, Type 8

Config 108, Type 3

Tria6

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Quad8 PRETS179

Define a 2-D or 3-D pretension section within a meshed structure

Bar2

RBE3

Distributes the force/moment applied at the master node to a set of slave nodes, taking into account the geometry of the slave nodes as well as weighting factors.

Rbe3

SHELL28

Shear/Twist Panel

Quad4

Config 104, Type 12

SHELL41

Membrane Shell

Tria3

Config 103, Type 19

Quad4

Config 104, Type 19

4-Node Plastic Large Strain Shell

Tria3

Config 103, Type 2

Quad4

Config 104, Type 2

SHELL51

Axisymmetric Structural Shell

Bar2

Config 60, Type 14

SHELL57

Thermal Shell

Tria3

Config 103, Type 7

Quad4

Config 104, Type 7

SHELL43

Config 60, Type 17

SHELL61

Axisymmetric-Harmonic Structural Shell

Bar2

Config 60, Type 15

SHELL63

Elastic Shell

Tria3

Config 103, Type 1

Quad4

Config 104, Type 1

Nonlinear Layered Structural Shell

Tria6

Config 106, Type 6

Quad8

Config 108, Type 6

8-Node Structural Shell

Tria6

Config 106, Type 4

Quad8

Config 108, Type 4

Tria6

Config 106, Type 5

SHELL91

SHELL93

SHELL99

Altair Engineering

Linear Layered Structural Shell

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

758

Supported Cards

SHELL131

SHELL132

SHELL143

SHELL150

SHELL157

SHELL163

SHELL181

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Quad8

Config 108, Type 5

Tria3

Config 103, Type 25

Quad4

Config 104, Type 25

Tria6

Config 106, Type 24

Quad8

Config 108, Type 24

4-Node Plastic Small Strain Shell

Tria3

Config 103, Type 10

Quad4

Config 104, Type 10

8-Node Structural Shell pElement

Tria6

Config 106, Type 20

Quad8

Config 108, Type 20

Thermal-Electric Shell

Tria3

Config 103, Type 20

Quad4

Config 104, Type 20

Tria3

Config 103, Type 17

Quad4

Config 104, Type 17

Tria3

Config 103, Type 11

Quad4

Config 104, Type 11

4-Node Layered Thermal Shell

8-Node Layered Thermal Shell

Explicit Thin Structural Shell

4-Node Finite Strain Shell

SHELL208

2-Node Finite Strain Axisymmetric Shell

Bar2

SHELL209

3-Node Finite Strain Axisymmetric Shell

Bar2

SHELL281

8-Node Finite Strain Shell

Tria6 Quad8

SOLID5

SOLID45

759

3-D Coupled-Field Solid

3-D Structural Solid

Penta6

Config 206, Type 2

Hex8

Config 208, Type 2

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 1

Penta6

Config 206, Type 1

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

SOLID46

SOLID62

SOLID64

SOLID69

SOLID70

Solver Description

3-D 8-Node Layered Structural Solid

3-D Magneto-Structural Solid

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Hex8

Config 208, Type 1

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 6

Penta6

Config 206, Type 6

Hex8

Config 208, Type 6

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 15

Pyramid5

Config 205, Type 15

Penta6

Config 206, Type 15

Hex8

Config 208, Type 15

3-D Anisotropic Structural Solid Tetra4

3-D Coupled Thermal-Electric Solid

3-D Thermal Solid

Config 204, Type 7

Penta6

Config 206, Type 7

Hex8

Config 208, Type 7

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 4

Penta6

Config 206, Type 4

Hex8

Config 208, Type 4

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 3

Penta6

Config 206, Type 3

Hex8

Config 208, Type 3

SOLID72

Tetra4

SOLID73

Tetra4 Penta6 Hex8

SOLID87

3-D 10-Node Tetrahedral Thermal Solid

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 5

SOLID90

3-D 20-Node Thermal Solid

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 2

Pyramid13

Config 213, Type 2

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

760

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Penta15 Hex20 SOLID92

3-D 10-Node Tetrahedral Structural Solid

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 3

SOLID95

3-D 20-Node Structural Solid

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 1

Pyramid13

Config 213, Type 1

Penta15

Config 215, Type 1

Hex20

Config 220, Type 1

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 5

Pyramid5

Config 205, Type 5

Penta6

Config 206, Type 5

Hex8

Config 208, Type 5

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 8

Pyramid5

Config 205, Type 8

Penta6

Config 206, Type 8

Hex8

Config 208, Type 8

SOLID96

SOLID97

3-D Magnetic Solid

SOLID98

Tetrahedral Coupled-Field Solid

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 4

SOLID117

3-D 20-Node Magnetic Solid

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 8

Pyramid13

Config 213, Type 8

Penta15

Config 215, Type 8

Hex20

Config 220, Type 8

SOLID147

SOLID148

761

3-D Magnetic Scalar Solid

3-D Brick Structural Solid pElement

Penta15

3-D Tetrahedral Structural Solid p-Element

Penta15

Config 215, Type 9

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 9

Hex20

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Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

SOLID164

Solver Description

Explicit 3-D Structural Solid

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Hex20

Config 220, Type 9

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 14

Pyramid5

Config 205, Type 14

Penta6

Config 206, Type 14

Hex8

Config 208, Type 14

SOLID168

Explicit 3-D 10-Node Tetrahedral Structural Solid

Tetra10

SOLID185

3-D 8-Node Structural Solid

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 13

Penta6

Config 206, Type 13

Hex8

Config 208, Type 13

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 7

Pyramid13

Config 213, Type 7

Penta15

Config 215, Type 7

Hex20

Config 220, Type 7

SOLID186

3-D 20-Node Structural Solid

SOLID187

3-D 10-Node Tetrahedral Structural Solid

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 6

SOLID191

3-D 20-Node Layered Structural Solid

Tetra10

Config 210, Type 10

Penta15

Config 215, Type 10

Hex20

Config 220, Type 10

SOLID226

3-D 20-Node Coupled-Field Solid

Tetra10 Pyramid13 Penta15 Hex20

SOLID227

Altair Engineering

3-D 10-Node Coupled-Field Solid

Tetra10

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

SOLSH190

3-D 8-Node Layered Solid Shell

Penta6

Config 206

Hex8

Config 208, Type 17

SURF151

2-D Thermal Surface Effect

Bar2

Config 60, Type 12

SURF152

3-D Thermal Surface Effect

Quad4

Config 104, Type 14

Quad8

Config 108, Type 14

Tria6 SURF153

SURF154

2-D Structural Surface Effect

3-D Structural Surface Effect

Bar2

Config 60, Type 16

Bar3

Config 63, Type 16

Quad4

Config 104, Type 18

Quad8

Config 108, Type 18

Tria6 SURF156

3-D Structural Surface Line Load Effect

Bar3

TARGE169

2-D Target Segment

Mass

Config 1, Type 13

Bar2

Config 60, Type 9

Bar3

Config 63, Type 16

Mass

Config 103, Type 16

TARGE170

3-D Target Segment

Tria3

VISCO88

2-D 8-Node Viscoelastic Solid

Quad4

Config 104, Type 16

Tria6

Config 106, Type 16

Quad8

Config 108, Type 16

Tria6 Quad8

VISCO107

763

3-D 8-Node Viscoplastic Solid

Tetra4

Config 204, Type 16

Penta6

Config 206, Type 16

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Hex8

Config 208, Type 16

LS-DYNA

Supported Cards

Solver Description

*CONSTRAINED_ Define the butt type of weld. GENERALIZED_WEL D_ BUTT_(ID)

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Rigid

Spot(default)/type 1, Fillet/type 2, and Butt/type 3 failure modes are supported. Failure information is based on weld type selected. Coordinate System ID can be selected. No Failure/Type 0 Card 36 entities are defined as *CONSTRAINED_ NODAL_RIGID_BODI ES in Keyword. They are a separate element type.

*CONSTRAINED_ Define the fillet type of weld. GENERALIZED_WEL D_ FILLET_(ID)

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_ Define the spot type of weld. GENERALIZED_WEL D_ SPOT_(ID)

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_ INTERPOLATION

Define an interpolation constrain.

RBE3

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_

Define a joint between two rigid bodies.

Joint

Altair Engineering

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

CYLINDRICAL

765

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ CYLINDRICAL_FAILU RE(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ CYLINDRICAL_LOCA L(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ CYLINDRICAL_LOCA L_ FAILURE(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ LOCKING(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ LOCKING_FAILURE (ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ LOCKING_LOCAL(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ LOCKING_LOCAL_ FAILURE(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ PLANAR(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ PLANAR_FAILURE (ID)

Joint

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ PLANAR_LOCAL(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ PLANAR_FAILURE_L OCAL (ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ REVOLUTE

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ REVOLUTE_LOCAL (ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ REVOLUTE_FAILUR E(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ REVOLUTE_LOCAL_ FAILURE(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ SPHERICAL(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ SPHERICAL_LOCAL (ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ SPHERICAL_FAILUR E(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI

Joint

Altair Engineering

Notes

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

NT_ SPHERICAL_LOCAL _ FAILURE(ID)

767

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ TRANSLATIONAL(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ TRANSLATIONAL_FA ILURE (ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ TRANSLATIONAL_LO CAL (ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ TRANSLATIONAL_LO CAL_ FAILURE(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ UNIVERSAL(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ UNIVERSAL_FAILUR E(ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ UNIVERSAL_LOCAL (ID)

Joint

*CONSTRAINED_JOI NT_ UNIVERSAL_LOCAL

Joint

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Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Define a nodal rigid body.

Rigid

Notes

_ FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_NO DAL_ RIGID_BODY *CONSTRAINED_NO DAL_ RIGID_BODY (2Noded)

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_NO Used when inertial properties DAL_ are defined rather than RIGID_BODY_INERTI computed. A

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_NO DAL_ RIGID_BODY_INERTI A (2Noded)

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_NO DAL_ RIGID_BODY_INERTI A _SPC

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_NO DAL_ RIGID_BODY_INERTI A _SPC (2-Noded)

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_NO DAL_ RIGID_BODY_SPC

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_NO DAL_ RIGID_BODY_SPC (2Noded)

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_NO

Altair Engineering

Define nodal constraint sets for

Rigid

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

DE_ SET

translational motion in global coordinates.

Supported Elem Types

*CONSTRAINED_NO DE_ SET (2-Noded)

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_NO DE_ SET_ID

Rigid

Notes

*CONSTRAINED_RIV Define massless rivets between Weld ET non-contiguous nodal pairs. *CONSTRAINED_SH ELL_ TO_SOLID

Define a tie between a shell edge and solid elements.

Rigid

*CONSTRAINED_ SPOTWELD_ID

Define massless spot welds between non-contiguous nodal pairs.

Weld

*CONSTRAINED_ SPOTWELD_FILTER ED_ FORCE_ID

*ELEMENT_BEAM

769

Normal and shear failure values can be edited.

Weld

Define two node elements including 3D beams, trusses, 2D axisymmetric shells and 2D plane strain beam elements.

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ OFFSET

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ OFFSET_PID

Bar

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Thickness option can be added. This allows you to edit the parameters based on the element formulation in the property to which the beam points.

Altair Engineering

*ELEMENT_BEAM

Define two node elements including 3D beams, trusses, 2D axisymmetric shells and 2D plane strain beam elements.

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ OFFSET_THICKNES S

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ ORIENTATION

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_P ID

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_P ID_ ORIENTATION

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_P ID_ SCALAR

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ SCALAR

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ SCALAR_ORIENTATI ON

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ SECTION

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ SECTION_ORIENTAT ION

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ SECTION_PID

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ THICKNESS

Bar

Altair Engineering

Thickness option can be added. This allows you to edit the parameters based on the element formulation in the property to which the beam points.

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*ELEMENT_BEAM

Define two node elements including 3D beams, trusses, 2D axisymmetric shells and 2D plane strain beam elements.

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ THICKNESS_ORIENT ATION

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ THICKNESS_PID

Bar

*ELEMENT_BEAM_ THICKNESS_SCALA R

Bar

*ELEMENT_DISCRET Define a discrete (spring or E damper) element between two nodes or a node and ground.

Spring

*ELEMENT_INERTIA

Mass

Define a lumped inertia element assigned to a nodal point.

*ELEMENT_INERTIA _ OFFSET

771

Bar

Thickness option can be added. This allows you to edit the parameters based on the element formulation in the property to which the beam points.

Scale factor, printing flags, and offset values can be edited.

Mass

*ELEMENT_MASS

Define a lumped mass element assigned to a nodal point or equally distributed to the nodes of a node set.

Mass

*ELEMENT_MASS_ NODE_SET

Mass elements defined on node Mass set

*ELEMENT_MASS_P Define additional non-structural ART mass to be distributed by an area weighted distribution to all nodes of a given part ID.

Mass

*ELEMENT_MASS_ PART_SET

Mass

Mass elements defined on part set.

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Altair Engineering

*ELEMENT_BEAM

Define two node elements including 3D beams, trusses, 2D axisymmetric shells and 2D plane strain beam elements.

Bar

*ELEMENT_PLOTEL

Define a null beam element for visualization.

Plot

Thickness option can be added. This allows you to edit the parameters based on the element formulation in the property to which the beam points.

*ELEMENT_SEATBE Define a seat belt element. LT

Rod

*ELEMENT_SEATBE Define a seat belt LT_ accelerometer. ACCELEROMETER

Tria3

*ELEMENT_SEATBE Define seat belt pretensioner. LT_ PRETENSIONER

Mass

*ELEMENT_SEATBE Define seat belt retractor. LT_ RETRACTOR

Mass

*ELEMENT_SEATBE Define seat belt sensor. LT_ SENSOR

Sensors

*ELEMENT_SEATBE Define seat belt slip ring. LT_ SLIPRING

Mass

*ELEMENT_SHELL

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ BETA

Altair Engineering

Define three, four, six and eight node elements including 3D shells, membranes, 2D plane stress, plane strain, and axisymmetric solids.

Thickness and beta options can be added singularly or together. This allows you to edit the thickness and material angles to override the SECTION card.

Tria3, Quad4

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*ELEMENT_BEAM

773

Define two node elements including 3D beams, trusses, 2D axisymmetric shells and 2D plane strain beam elements.

Bar

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ BETA_ OFFSET

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ DOF

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ MCID

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ MCID_ OFFSET

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ OFFSET

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ THICKNESS

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ THICKNESS_BETA

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ THICKNESS_BETA_ OFFSET

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ THICKNESS_MCID

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ THICKNESS_MCID_ OFFSET

Tria3, Quad4

*ELEMENT_SHELL_ THICKNESS_OFFSE T

Tria3, Quad4

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Thickness option can be added. This allows you to edit the parameters based on the element formulation in the property to which the beam points.

Altair Engineering

*ELEMENT_BEAM

Define two node elements including 3D beams, trusses, 2D axisymmetric shells and 2D plane strain beam elements.

Bar

Thickness option can be added. This allows you to edit the parameters based on the element formulation in the property to which the beam points.

*ELEMENT_SOLID

Define three-dimensional solid elements including 4 noded tetrahedrons and 8-noded hexahedrons.

Tetra4, Penta6, Hex8, Tetra10

*ELEMENT_SOLID_O Define a local coordinate RTHO system for orthotropic and anisotropic materials

Tetra4, Penta6, Hex8, Tetra10

*ELEMENT_SOLID_ TET4TOTET10

Converts 4 node tetrahedron solids to 10 node quadratic tetrahedron solids.

Tetra4

*ELEMENT_SPH

Define a lumped mass element assigned to a nodal point

Mass

*ELEMENT_TSHELL

Define an eight node thick shell element which is available with either fully reduced or selectively reduced integration rules.

Penta6, Hex8

*INITIAL_MOMENTU M

Defines initial momentum in the Tetra4, Penta6, Hex8, solid element at the start of Tetra10 analysis. These momentum could be from previous analysis/ step carried forward to next analysis/step.

This is supported as an attribute to an element to maintain its associativity with element inside HM

*INITIAL_STRAIN_SH Defines stress in the shell Tria3, Quad4 ELL element at the start of analysis. These stress could be from previous analysis/step carried forward to next analysis/step.

This is supported as an attribute to an element to maintain its associativity with element inside HM

*INITIAL_STRAIN_SO Defines stress in the solid Tetra4, Penta6, Hex8, LID element at the start of analysis. Tetra10 These stress could be from

This is supported as an attribute to an element to maintain

Altair Engineering

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*INITIAL_MOMENTU M

Defines initial momentum in the Tetra4, Penta6, Hex8, solid element at the start of Tetra10 analysis. These momentum could be from previous analysis/ step carried forward to next analysis/step.

This is supported as an attribute to an element to maintain its associativity with element inside HM

previous analysis/step carried forward to next analysis/step.

its associativity with element inside HM

*INITIAL_STRESS_B EAM

Defines stress in the beam Bar element at the start of analysis. These stress could be from previous analysis/step carried forward to next analysis/step.

This is supported as an attribute to an element to maintain its associativity with element inside HM

*INITIAL_STRESS_S HELL

Defines stress in the shell Tria3, Quad4 element at the start of analysis. These stress could be from previous analysis/step carried forward to next analysis/step.

This is supported as an attribute to an element to maintain its associativity with element inside HM

*INITIAL_STRESS_S OLID

Defines stress in the solid Tetra4, Penta6, Hex8, element at the start of analysis. Tetra10 These stress could be from previous analysis/step carried forward to next analysis/step.

This is supported as an attribute to an element to maintain its associativity with element inside HM

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

COMP_SIX_DOF

Component for six degree of freedom restraint (for internal use only).

Rod

Defined on the card of the parent RESTRAINT.

CONNECT_N2

Spotweld connection between 2 Rigid nodes.

Defined when creating the parent SPOTWELD.

CONNECT_N3

Spotweld connection between 3 Rigid nodes.

Defined when creating the parent SPOTWELD.

MADYMO

775

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

CONSTRAINT. SIMPLE

Simple constraints for FE nodes Rigid

Notes

independent node + dependent nodes = references to nodes representing GROUP_LIST dof1 = dof2 = dof3 = dof4 = dof5 = dof6 =

ELEMENT.MASS1

Nodal mass element

Mass

DOF_DX DOF_DY DOF_DZ DOF_RX DOF_RY DOF_RZ

nodes = N1 mass = MASS property and system are not used ASSEMBLY = reference to the parent FE_MODEL

MODE

Flexible body deformation mode Rigid shape

MODE_SHAPE

Nodal displacements define a deformable body mode shape.

RESTRAINT. CARDAN

A Cardan restraint consists of Rod three torsional parallel springs and dampers that connect two bodies. The torques depend on the Cardan angles that describe the relative orientation of the corresponding restraint coordinate systems.

Rigid

Defined on the card of the parent MODE.

TYPE = CARDAN The first node and second node are used to create the related elements CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 . property is not used

RESTRAINT. FLEX_TORS

Altair Engineering

A flexion torsion restraint Rod consists of a damper and two torsional springs that connect two bodies. The torques depend

TYPE = FLEX_TORS The first node and second node are

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RESTRAINT. CARDAN

A Cardan restraint consists of Rod three torsional parallel springs and dampers that connect two bodies. The torques depend on the Cardan angles that describe the relative orientation of the corresponding restraint coordinate systems.

TYPE = CARDAN The first node and second node are used to create the related elements CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 . property is not used

on the bending and torsion angles that describe the relative orientation of the corresponding restraint coordinate systems.

used to create the related elements CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 . property is not used

RESTRAINT.JOINT

A joint restraint specifies elastic, damping and friction loads in kinematic joints corresponding to joint degrees of freedom.

Rod

TYPE = JOINT None of the nodes are actually used, except for the graphical positioning of the RESTRAINT. However, it is recommended to use the same nodes defining the referenced JOINT for defining the RESTRAINT too. property is not used

RESTRAINT.KELVIN

A Kelvin restraint consists of a parallel spring and damper that connect two bodies. The force depends on the distance between the attachment points.

Rod

TYPE = KELVIN Select STRAIN or LENGTH to either specify the INITIAL_STRAIN or the UNTENS_LENGTH. The first node and second node are used to create the

777

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RESTRAINT. CARDAN

A Cardan restraint consists of Rod three torsional parallel springs and dampers that connect two bodies. The torques depend on the Cardan angles that describe the relative orientation of the corresponding restraint coordinate systems.

TYPE = CARDAN The first node and second node are used to create the related elements CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 . property is not used related elements POINT_OBJECT_1 and POINT_OBJECT_2. property is not used

RESTRAINT. MAXWELL

A Maxwell restraint consists of a spring and damper in series that connect two bodies. The force depends on the distance between the attachment points.

Rod

TYPE = MAXWELL The first node and second node are used to create the related elements POINT_OBJECT_1 and POINT_OBJECT_2. property is not used

RESTRAINT.POINT

A point restraint consists of three mutually perpendicular parallel springs and dampers that connect two bodies. The force depends on the coordinates of the restrained point relative to the corresponding restraint coordinate system.

Rod

TYPE = POINT The first node and second node are used to create the related elements CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and POINT_OBJECT_2. property is not used

RESTRAINT.SIX_DOF Six degrees of freedom restraint Rod

TYPE = SIX_DOF None of the nodes are actually used, except for the graphical positioning of the RESTRAINT.

Altair Engineering

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RESTRAINT. CARDAN

A Cardan restraint consists of Rod three torsional parallel springs and dampers that connect two bodies. The torques depend on the Cardan angles that describe the relative orientation of the corresponding restraint coordinate systems.

TYPE = CARDAN The first node and second node are used to create the related elements CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 . property is not used However, it is recommended to use the same nodes defining the referenced JOINT for defining the RESTRAINT too. property is not used

RIGID_ELEMENT

Elements and/or nodes that form a rigid part.

Rigid

independent node + dependent nodes = references to all nodes represented in NODE_LIST, ELEMENT_LIST and GROUP_LIST. dof1 through dof6 are not used.

779

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy

SPOTWELD. THREE_NODE

Altair Engineering

Three node spotweld.

Rigid

Select an independent node + 2 dependent nodes (these are used in NODE_3 of the

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy related element CONNECT_N3). dof1 through dof6 are not used

781

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SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or

Altair Engineering

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SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure

783

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type

Altair Engineering

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784

SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image.

785

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the

Altair Engineering

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SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy

787

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Altair Engineering

SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy

STRAP

Altair Engineering

Massless linear tension-only spring between two nodes.

Spring

Choose no vector and select: first node = N1 second node = N2

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SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy dof1 through dof6 and property are not used ASSEMBLY =

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Altair Engineering

SPOTWELD. NODE_NODE

Node-node spotweld.

Weld

Choose using nodes and node-node, set element config to weld and select an independent node + a dependent node (these are used in NODE_2 of the related element CONNECT_N2). property and move dep node are not used Choose individual spotweld failure to enter the attributes for the current SPOTWELD, or choose spotweld failure by property to use predefined attributes. To define a set of spotweld failure attributes that can be referenced here (and in other SPOTWELD definitions), create a property of type (SPOTWELD) and enter the spotweld attributes on the card image. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy reference to the parent FE_MODEL

MARC

Altair Engineering

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

CBUSH

791

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Mass

E_1

Two-node axisymmetric shell element.

Plot

E_2

Axisymmetric, triangular ring element.

Tria3

E_3

Two-dimensional (plane stress), Quad4 four-node, isoparametric quadrilateral.

E_5

Beam column.

Bar2

E_6

Two-dimensional plane strain, constant stress triangle.

Tria3

E_7

Eight-node isoparametric three dimensional hexahedron.

Hex8

E_9

Three dimensional truss element.

Rod

E_10

Axisymmetric quadrilateral element (isoparametric).

Quad4

E_11

Plane strain quadrilateral element (isoparametric).

Quad4

E_14

Closed section beam.

Bar2

E_18

Four node, isoparametric membrane.

Quad4

E_20

Axisymmetric torsional quadrilateral.

Quad4

E_21

Three-dimensional, 20-node brick.

Hex20

E_25

Closed section beam in three dimensions.

Bar2

E_26

Plane stress, eight-node

Quad8

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Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

distorted quadrilateral. E_27

Plane strain, eight-node distorted quadrilateral.

Quad8

E_28

Axisymmetric, eight-node distorted quadrilateral.

Quad8

E_29

Generalized, plane strain, distorted quadrilateral.

Quad8

E_32

Plane strain, eight-node Quad8 distorted quadrilateral, Hermann or Mooney material formulation.

E_33

Axisymmetric, eight-node Quad8 distorted quadrilateral, Hermann or Mooney material formulation.

E_34

Generalized plane strain, eightnode, distorted quadrilateral, Hermann or Mooney material formulation.

Quad8

E_35

Three-dimensional, 20-node brick, Hermann or Mooney material formulation.

Hex20

E_38

Heat transfer element (arbitrary axisymmetric triangle).

Tria3

E_39

Heat transfer element (planar bilinear quadrilateral).

Quad4

E_45

Curved Timoshenko beam element in a plane.

Bar3

E_52

Elastic beam.

Bar2

E_53

Plane stress, eight-node quadrilateral with reduced integration.

Quad8

E_54

Plane strain, eight-node

Quad8

Altair Engineering

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

quadrilateral with reduced integration.

793

E_55

Axisymmetric, eight-node distorted quadrilateral with reduced integration.

Quad8

E_57

Three-dimensional, 20-node brick with reduced integration.

Hex20

E_58

Plane strain, eight-node distorted quadrilateral for incompressible behavior with reduced integration.

Quad8

E_59

Axisymmetric, eight-node distorted quadrilateral for incompressible behavior with reduced integration.

Quad8

E_60

Generalized plane strain, tennode distorted quadrilateral for incompressible behavior with reduced integration.

Quad8

E_61

Three-dimensional, 20-node brick for incompressible behavior with reduced integration.

Hex20

E_63

Axisymmetric, eight-node quadrilateral for arbitrary loading, Hermann formulation.

Quad8

E_64

Isoparametric, three-node truss element.

Bar3

E_66

Eight-node axisymmetric with twist, Hermann formulation.

Quad8

E_67

Eight-node axisymmetric with twist.

Quad8

E_68

Elastic, four-node shear panel.

Quad4

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Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

E_69

Heat transfer element (eightnode planar, biquadratic quadrilateral with reduced integration).

Quad8

E_70

Heat transfer element (eightnode, biquadratic quadrilateral with reduced integration).

Quad8

E_74

Axisymmetric, eight-node quadrilateral for arbitrary loading, Hermann formulation with reduced integration.

Quad8

E_75

Bilinear thick shell.

Quad4

E_78

Thin-walled beam in three dimensions without warping.

Bar2

E_80

Incompressible arbitrary quadrilateral plane strain.

Quad4

E_81

Incompressible generalized plane strain quadrilateral.

Quad4

E_82

Incompressible arbitrary quadrilateral axisymmetric ring.

Quad4

E_83

Incompressible axisymmetric torsional quadrilateral.

Quad4

E_84

Incompressible, threedimensional arbitrarily distorted cube.

Hex8

E_89

Thick, curved, axisymmetric shell.

Bar3

E_95

Axisymmetric quadrilateral with bending element.

Quad4

E_96

Axisymmetric eight node distorted quadrilateral with bending.

Quad8

Altair Engineering

Notes

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795

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

E_98

Elastic beam with transverse shear.

Bar2

E_114

Four-node quadrilateral plane stress, reduced integration with hourglass control.

Quad4

E_115

Four-node quadrilateral plane strain, reduced integration with hourglass control.

Quad4

E_116

Four-node quadrilateral axisymmetric, reduced integration with hourglass control.

Quad4

E_117

Eight-node, three dimensional brick, reduced integration with hourglass control.

Hex8

E_118

Incompressible 4+1 node, quadrilateral, plane strain, reduced integration with hourglass control.

Quad4

E_119

Incompressible 4+1 node, quadrilateral, axisymmetric, reduced integration with hourglass control.

Quad4

E_120

Incompressible 8+1 node, three- Hex8 dimensional brick, reduced integration with hourglass control.

E_124

Six-node, plane stress triangle.

Tria6

E_125

Six-node, plane strain triangle.

Tria6

E_126

Six-node, axisymmetric triangle.

Tria6

E_127

Ten-node, tetrahedron.

Tetra10

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Notes

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

E_128

Incompressible, six-node triangle.

Tria6

E_129

Incompressible, six-node triangle.

Tria6

E_130

Incompressible, ten-node tetrahedron.

Tetra10

E_134

Four-node, tetrahedral.

Tetra4

E_138

Three node, thin shell.

Tria3

E_139

Four-node, thin shell.

Quad4

E_140

Four-node, thick shell, reduced integration with hourglass control.

Quad4

E_149

Notes

Hex8

E_157

4+1-node, three dimensional, Tetra4 low order, tetrahedron, Hermann formulations.

E-195

Spring Mass

MASSES

Mass

RBE2

Rigid

RBE3

RBE3

SPRING

Spring

TYING

Rigid

tying100

Rigid

Nastran

Altair Engineering

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

CAABSF

Defines a frequency-dependent Mass acoustic absorber element in coupled fluid-structural analysis. Rod

Notes

Tria3 Quad4 CAERO1

Defines an aerodynamic macro Quad4 element (panel) in terms of two leading edge locations and side chords. This is used for Doublet-Lattice theory for subsonic aerodynamics and the ZONA51 theory for supersonic aerodynamics.

CAERO2

Defines aerodynamic slender body and interference elements for Doublet-Lattice aerodynamics.

CBAR

Defines a simple beam element. Bar

CBEAM

Defines a beam element.

Bar

CBEND

Defines a curved beam, curved pipe, or elbow element.

Bar

CBUSH

Defines a generalized springand-damper structural element that may be nonlinear or frequency dependent.

Mass

Defines the connectivity of a one-dimensional spring and viscous damper element.

Mass

Defines a scalar damper element.

Mass

Defines a scalar damper element without reference to a

Mass

CBUSH1D

CDAMP1

CDAMP2

797

Rod

Spring

Spring

Spring

Spring

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Both elements with grounded terminals are supported

Both elements with grounded terminals are supported Elements CDAMP1 and CDAMP2 with grounded terminals are not supported. Elements CDAMP1 and CDAMP2 with

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

material or property entry.

CDAMP3

CDAMP4

CELAS1

grounded terminals are not supported.

Defines a scalar damper element that is connected only to scalar points.

Mass

Defines a scalar damper element that connected only to scalar points and without reference to a material or property entry.

Mass

Elements CDAMP1 and CDAMP2 with grounded terminals are not supported.

Spring

Elements CDAMP1 and CDAMP2 with grounded terminals are not supported.

Spring

Defines a scalar spring element. Mass

Elements CDAMP1 and CDAMP2 with grounded terminals are not supported.

Spring

CELAS2

CELAS3

Notes

Defines a scalar spring element without reference to a property entry.

Mass

Defines a scalar spring element that connects only to scalar points.

Mass

Elements CDAMP1 and CDAMP2 with grounded terminals are not supported.

Spring

Spring

Elements CDAMP1 and CDAMP2 with grounded terminals are not supported.

CELAS4

Defines a scalar spring element Mass that is connected only to scalar Spring points, without reference to a property entry.

Elements CDAMP1 and CDAMP2 with grounded terminals are not supported

CFAST

Defines a fastener with material orientation connecting two surface patches.

Mass

CGAP

Defines a gap or friction element.

Gap

CHACAB

Defines the acoustic absorber element in coupled fluidstructural analysis.

Hex8

Altair Engineering

Rod

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

CHBDYE

Defines a boundary condition surface element with reference to a heat conduction element.

CHEXA (20-noded)

Defines a second order solid element, composed of 6 quadrilateral faces.

Hex20

CHEXA (8-noded)

Defines a first order solid element, composed of 6 quadrilateral faces.

Hex8

CMASS1

Defines a scalar mass element. Mass

Notes

This element is supported as GROUP. In Nastran, you can define a second order element with missing mid-side nodes. Input data decks containing such elements are read by the translator as a first-order element. A message is written to the nastran.msg file indicating the corresponding element ID.

Spring CMASS2

799

Defines a scalar mass element without reference to a property entry.

Mass Spring

CMASS3

Defines a scalar mass element Mass that is connected only to scalar Spring points.

CMASS4

Defines a scalar mass element Mass that is connected only to scalar Spring points, without reference to a property entry.

CONM1

Defines a 6 x 6 symmetric Mass mass matrix at a geometric grid point.

CONM2

Defines a concentrated mass at Mass

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Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

a grid point. CONROD

Defines a rod element without reference to a property entry.

Rod

CPENTA (6-noded)

Defines the connections of a five-sided solid element with six to fifteen grid points.

Penta6

CPENTA (15-noded)

Defines the connections of a five-sided solid element with six to fifteen grid points.

Penta15

CQUAD4

Defines an isoparametric membrane-bending or plane strain quadrilateral plate element.

Quad4

CQUAD8

Defines a curved quadrilateral shell or plane strain element with eight grid points.

Quad8

CQUADR

Defines an isoparametric

Quad4

Altair Engineering

In Nastran, you can define a second order element with missing mid-side nodes. Input data decks containing such elements are read by the translator as a first-order element. A message is written to the nastran.msg file indicating the corresponding element ID.

In Nastran, you can define a second order element with missing mid-side nodes. Input data decks containing such elements are read by the translator as a first-order element. A message is written to the nastran.msg file indicating the corresponding element ID.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

membrane and bending quadrilateral plate element. However, this element does not include membrane-bending coupling. This element is less sensitive to initial distortion and extreme values of Poisson’s ratio than the CQUAD4 element. It is a companion to the CTRIAR element. CROD

Defines a tension-compression- Rod torsion element.

CSHEAR

Defines a shear panel element.

CSEAM

801

Quad4 Rod

CTETRA (4-noded)

Defines the connections of the four-sided solid element with four grid points.

Tetra4

CTETRA (10-noded)

Defines the connections of the Tetra10 four-sided solid element with ten grid points.

CTRIA3

Defines an isoparametric membrane-bending or plane strain triangular plate element.

CTRIA6

Defines a curved triangular shell Tria6 element or plane strain with six grid points.

In Nastran, you can define a second order element with missing mid-side nodes. Input data decks containing such elements are read by the translator as a first-order element. A message is written to the nastran.msg file indicating the corresponding element ID.

Tria3

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

In Nastran, you can define a second order element with missing

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

mid-side nodes. Input data decks containing such elements are read by the translator as a first-order element. A message is written to the nastran.msg file indicating the corresponding element ID. CTRIAR

Defines an isoparametric Tria3 membrane-bending triangular plate element. However, this element does not include membrane-bending coupling. It is a companion to the CQUADR element.

CTUBE

Defines a tension-compression- Rod torsion tube element.

CVISC

Defines a viscous damper element.

CWELD

Defines a weld or fastener Mass connecting two surface patches Rod or points.

Altair Engineering

Spring

Elements CDAMP1 and CDAMP2 with grounded terminals are not supported. Node-Node, NodePatch, or PatchPatch weld elements can be read. CWELD element is stored as an element of the rod configuration. CWELD elements using the ELEMID option not created in HyperMesh will be displayed as zero length. Currently, the spotweld panel can only create Node-Node and

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

Patch-Patch CWELD elements. HyperMesh always calculates the location of GA and GB by projecting GS in the normal direction of surface patch A and surface patch B, respectively.

803

GENEL

Defines a general element.

RBE3

HM_SPRING

Defines a spring element, which Spring is converted to Nastran entities on export, in a manner similar to that explained in Using HM_ELAS.

MBOLT

Defines a bolt for use in SOL 600 in countries outside the USA.

Mass

MBOLTUS

Defines a bolt for use only in SOL 600 and only in the USA.

Mass

PLOTEL

Defines a one-dimensional dummy element for use in plotting.

Plot

RBAR

Defines a rigid bar with six Weld degrees-of-freedom at each end.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

RBAR CNA field defaults to 123456. To edit the CNA, CNB, CMA, or CMB fields, you must view the card image for the RBAR element.

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

RBE2

Defines a rigid body with Rigid independent degrees-of-freedom Rigidlink that are specified at a single grid point and with dependent degrees-of-freedom that are specified at an arbitrary number of grid points.

An RBE2 element with one dependent node is identified as a rigid element, while an element with multiple dependent nodes is identified as a rigid link element.

RBE3

Defines the motion at a RBE3 reference grid point as the weighted average of the motions at a set of other grid points.

Individual weight factors can be created on the independent nodes of RBE3 using the update functionality in the RBE3 panel. See the on-line help for the RBE3 panel for more information.

RJOINT

Defines a rigid joint element connecting two coinciding grid points.

RBE2

PAM-CRASH 2G

The component of the element refers to a material, which contains the material definition for PAM-CRASH 2G . To change an element type, use the Elem Types panel. Edit the elements in the card previewer to determine the element types that require additional information beyond element connectivity. FE input reader will not create connectors for Plinks, instead you must use the FE absorb functionality to create connectors from PLINKs.

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

ASSOCIATE

Defines entities to be converted from deformable to rigid.

Rigids

Altair Engineering

Notes

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804

BAR /

Bar element.

Rod

BASE_BODY

Rigid bodies on which the boundary conditions are defined, used in Multibody systems.

Rigid

BEAM /

Beam element.

Bar2

BSHEL /

8-noded brick shell element.

Hex8

EDG

805

If the orientation vector is defined via vectors, the string VECTOR is displayed in the N3 field, and a zero is written in the exported deck. If the y-direction node is directly specified, its ID is displayed in the N3 field.

Rod

ELINK /

Link element.

Rod

The element must be edited in the card previewer to define the connections.

JOINT /

Joint element.

Rod

The element must be edited in the card previewer to define element orientation.

KJOIN /

Kinematic joint element.

Rod

The element must be edited in the card previewer to define element orientation.

LLINK /

Link element.

Rod

The element must be edited in the card previewer to define the connections.

MASS

Added mass.

Mass

MEMBR /

Membrane element.

Tria3

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Altair Engineering

MEMBR /

Quad4

MTOCO

Rigid element.

Rigid

NODCO /

Nodal constraint definition.

Rigid

This configuration allows you to create nodal constraints via entity sets. The element must be edited in the card previewer. Degrees of freedom are ignored.

PLINK /

Plink element.

Mass

The element must be edited in the card previewer. Mass value is ignored. Use the following templates to handle the welds: find_welds find_master_com ps_welds find_slave_comp s_welds find_comps_weld s.

PLINK_VI

Rod

These elements are created during connector realization to show the actual connections. They are not exported.

RETRA /

Mass

The element must be edited in the card previewer. Mass value is ignored.

Weld

When created, the default value for rigid body type is 1.

Rigid

This configuration allows you to create rigid bodies via entity sets. The element

RBODY /

RBODY /

Altair Engineering

Rigid body with 2 nodes.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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must be edited in the card previewer. Degrees of freedom are ignored. SEG

Tria3

SEG

Quad4

SENPT /

Mass

SHELL /

Shell element.

SHELL /

The elements are used in entity selection. With this keyword, only nodes of these elements are output along with SEG keyword.

Mass

Mass value is ignored. Mass defined with a keyword other than NOD is not supported. The reader creates one mass element for each NOD definition in the MASS card, therefore the exported deck will contain the same number of MASS/ cards as many NOD definitions.

Tria3

The default behavior for tria3 elements is Coo triangles. To output standard triangles (N3 = N4).

807

SHELL /

Quad4

SLINK /

Tria3

SLINK /

Quad4

SLIPR /

Mass

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

The element must be edited in the card previewer to define the connections. The element must be edited in the card

Altair Engineering

previewer. Mass value is ignored. SOLID /

8-noded brick element.

Tetra4

SOLID /

Pyramid5

SOLID /

Penta6

SOLID /

Hex8

SPH /

Mass

SPRING /

Spring element.

Spring

The element must be edited in the card previewer to define element orientation.

SPRGBM /

Spring beam element.

Spring

The element must be edited in the card previewer to define element orientation.

TETRA /

10-noded tetra element.

Tetra10

Local frame definition

TETR4 /

4-noded tetra element.

Tetra4

TSHEL /

4-noded thick shell element.

Quad4

The element must be edited in the card previewer to define the connections.

PERMAS

The following cards are supported in the PERMAS interface:

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

BEAM2

2 noded straight general beam.

Bar2

BECOC

2 noded straight thin-walled tube.

Bar2

Altair Engineering

Notes

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

808

809

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

BECOS

2 noded straight solid beam.

Bar2

CONA3

3 noded triangular surface convection and radiation element.

Tria3

CONA4

4 noded quadrilateral surface convection and radiation element.

Quad4

CONA6

6 noded triangular surface convection and radiation element.

Tria6

CONA8

8 noded quadrilateral surface convection and radiation element.

Quad8

CONS3

3 noded triangular shell surface convection and radiation element.

Tria3

CONS4

4 noded quadrilateral shell Quad4 surface convection and radiation element.

CONS6

6 noded triangular shell surface convection and radiation element.

CONS8

8 noded quadrilateral shell Quad8 surface convection and radiation element.

DAMP1

Translational viscous damper.

Spring

DAMP3

Viscous damper for three degrees of freedom.

Spring

DAMP6

Viscous damper for six degrees Spring of freedom.

FLA2

2 noded straight flange (rod).

Notes

Tria6

Rod

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Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

FLA3

3 noded straight flange (rod).

Bar3

FLHEX8

8 noded fluid hexahedron.

Hex8

FLHEX20

20 noded fluid hexahedron.

Hex20

FLPENT6

6 noded fluid pentahedron.

Penta6

FLPENT15

15 noded fluid pentahedron.

Penta15

FLPYR5

5 noded fluid pyramid.

Pyramid5

FLTET4

4 noded fluid tetrahedron.

Tetra4

FLTET10

10 noded fluid tetrahedron.

Tetra10

FSINTA3

3 noded triangular fluid structure Tria3 interface element.

FSINTA4

4 noded quadrilateral fluid structure interface element.

FSINTA6

6 noded triangular fluid structure Tria6 interface element.

FSINTA8

8 noded quadrilateral fluid structure interface element.

Quad8

GKHEX8

8 noded solid hexahedron.

Hex8

GKHEX20

20 noded solid hexahedron.

Hex20

GKPNT6

6 noded solid pentahedron.

Penta6

GKPNT15

15 noded solid pentahedron.

Penta15

HEXE8

8 noded solid hexahedron.

Hex8

HEXE20

20 noded solid hexahedron.

Hex20

LOADA3

3 node triangular load carrying membrane element.

Tria3

Altair Engineering

Notes

Quad4

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

810

811

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

LOADA4

4 node quadrilateral load carrying membrane element.

Quad4

LOADA6

6 node triangular load carrying membrane element.

Tria6

LOADA8

8 node quadrilateral load carrying membrane element.

Quad8

MASS3

Point mass.

Mass

MASS6

Rigid mass.

Mass

MPC JOIN

Pairwise identical displacements.

Rigid

For more information on MPC cards and using duplicate ID pools, see the Permas Interface Overview topic.

MPC RIGID

Rigid regions.

Rigid

For more information on MPC cards and using duplicate ID pools, see the Permas Interface Overview topic.

MPC SAME

Identical corresponding displacements.

Rigid

For more information on MPC cards and using duplicate ID pools, see the Permas Interface Overview topic.

MPC WLSC

Weighted averaged connection.

RBE3

For more information on MPC cards and using duplicate ID pools, see the Permas Interface Overview topic.

NLDAMP

Nonlinear translational viscous damper.

Spring

NLDAMPR

Nonlinear rotational viscous

Spring

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Notes

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

Notes

damper. NLSTIFF

Nonlinear translational spring.

Spring

NLSTIFFR

Nonlinear rotational spring.

Spring

PENTA6

6 noded solid pentahedron.

Penta6

PENTA15

15 noded solid pentahedron.

Penta15

PLOTA3

3 noded triangular plot element.

Tria3

PLOTA4

4 noded quadrilateral plot element.

Quad4

PLOTA6

6 noded triangular plot element.

Tria6

PLOTA8

8 noded quadrilateral plot element.

Quad8

PLOTL2

2 noded straight line plot element.

Plot

PLOTL3

3 noded straight line plot element.

Bar3

PYRA5

5 noded solid pyramid.

Pyramid5

QUAD4

4 noded quadrilateral shell element.

Quad4

QUAM4

4 noded quadrilateral plane membrane element.

Quad4

SHEAR4

4 noded quadrilateral plane shear panel element.

Quad4

SHELL3

3 noded triangular shell element Tria3 for laminates.

SHELL4

4 noded quadrilateral shell element for laminates.

Altair Engineering

Quad4

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813

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

SPRING1

Translational spring.

Spring

SPRING3

Spring with three translational stiffnesses.

Spring

SPRING6

Spring with three translational and three rotational stiffnesses.

Spring

TET4

4 noded solid tetrahedron.

Tetra4

TET10

10 noded solid tetrahedron.

Tetra10

TRIA3

3 noded triangular shell element.

Tria3

TRIA3K

3 noded triangular thin shell element.

Tria3

TRIM3

3 noded triangular plane membrane element.

Tria3

TRIM6

6 noded triangular plane membrane element.

Tria6

TRIMS6

6 noded triangular solid shell element.

Tria6

X1DAMP3

Scalar viscous damper at one node with three degrees of freedom.

Mass

X1DAMP6

Scalar viscous damper at one node with six degrees of freedom.

Mass

X1GEN6

General element at one node with six degrees of freedom.

Mass

X1MASS3

Scalar mass at two nodes with three degrees of freedom.

Mass

X1MASS6

Scalar mass at one node with six degrees of freedom.

Mass

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Notes

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

X1STIFF3

Scalar spring at one node with three degrees of freedom.

Mass

X1STIFF6

Scalar spring at one node with six degrees of freedom.

Mass

X2DAMP3

Scalar viscous damper at two nodes with three degrees of freedom.

Spring

X2DAMP6

Scalar viscous damper at two nodes with six degrees of freedom.

Spring

X2GEN6

General element at two nodes with six degrees of freedom.

Mass

X2STIFF3

Scalar spring at two nodes with three degrees of freedom.

Spring

X2STIFF6

Scalar spring at two nodes with six degrees of freedom.

Spring

Notes

Samcef

The following cards are supported in the HyperMesh Samcef interface: Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

COMPVOL

Pyramid5, Penta6, Hex8, Pyramid13, Penta15, Hex20

FLUXTHE

Rod, Tria3, Quad4, Tria6, Quad8

HYBRVOLU

Bar2, Rod, Tria3, Quad4, Tria6, Quad8

MEMBRANE

Tria3, Tria6

Altair Engineering

Notes

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Elem Types

MINDLIN

Bar2, Rod, Tria3, Quad4, Tetra4, Pyramid5, Penta6, Hex8, Tria6, Quad8, Tetra10, Pyramid13, Penta15, Hex20

THERM CO

Rod, Tria3, Quad4, Tria6, Quad8

THERMIQU

Rod, Tria3, Quad4, Tetra4, Pyramid5, Penta6, Hex8, Tria6, Quad8, Tetra10, Pyramid13, Penta15, Hex20

TUYAU

Rod

VOLUMIC

Rod, Tria3, Quad4, Tria6, Quad8

Notes

See also Include Files Assemblies Components

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Bar2 Bar2 elements are 1D (1st order) elements with 2 nodes used to model axial, bending, and torsion behavior. Bar2 elements have a property reference, an orientation vector, offset vectors and ends A and B, and pin flags at ends A and B. The following panels can be used to create and edit bar2 elements: Bars Split Detatch Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with bar2 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Bar3 Bar3 elements are 1D (2nd order) elements with 3 nodes used to model axial, bending, and torsion behavior. Bar3 elements have a property reference, an orientation vector, offset vectors and ends A and B, and pin flags at ends A and B. The following panels can be used to create and edit bar3 elements: Bars Split Detatch Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with bar3 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Gap Gap elements are 1D elements with 2 nodes used to model gaps and contact. Gap elements have a property reference and an orientation vector. The following panels can be used to create and edit gap elements: Gaps Connectors Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with gap elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements Connectors

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Hex8 Hex8 elements are 3D (1st order) hexahedra elements with 8 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit hex8 elements: Solid Map Shrink Wrap Elem Offset Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with hex8 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Hex20 Hex20 elements are 3D (2nd order) hexahedra elements with 20 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit hex8 elements: Solid Map Shrink Wrap Elem Offset Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types The data names associated with hex20 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh reference guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Joint Joint elements are elements with 2, 4, or 6 nodes which have a property and orientation systems or nodes. A joint element does not allow types other than specified below. The type of the element controls the number of nodes used in the element and the permissible orientations of the element. Type

Type Name

# nodes

Orientation

1

Spherical

2

none/systems/nodes

2

Revolute

4

none/systems

3

Cylindrical

4

none/systems

4

Planar

4

none/systems

5

Universal

4

none/systems

6

Translational

6

none/systems

7

Locking

6

none/systems

The following panels can be used to create and edit joint elements: FE Joints Connectors Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with joint elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements Connectors

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Mass Mass elements are 0D elements with a single node that allow you to assign concentrated mass to the model in order to represent physical part that may not be modeled with another FE idealization. The following panels can be used to create and edit mass elements: Masses SPH Apply Mass Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with mass elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements Connectors

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Master3 Master3 elements are master interface elements with 3 nodes. (Must be Type 1) The following panels can be used to create and edit master3 elements: Interfaces

The data names associated with master3 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Master4 Master4 elements are master interface elements with 4 nodes. (Must be Type 1) The following panels can be used to create and edit master4 elements: Interfaces

The data names associated with master4 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Penta6 Penta6 elements are 3D (1st order) triangular prism pentahedra elements with 6 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit penta6 elements: Elem Offset Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with penta6 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Penta15 Penta15 elements are 3D (2nd order) triangular prism pentahedra elements with 15 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit penta15 elements: Elem Offset Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with penta15 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Plot Plot elements are 1D elements with 2 nodes used for display purposes. The following panels can be used to create and edit plot elements: Spot Connectors Config Edit Elem Types The data names associated with plot elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Connectors Elements

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Pyramid5 Pyramid5 elements are 3D (1st order) pyramid pentahedra elements with 5 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit pyramid5 elements: Elem Offset Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with pyramid5 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Pyramid13 Pyramid13 elements are 3D (2nd order) pyramid pentahedra elements with 5 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit pyramid13 elements: Elem Offset Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with pyramid13 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Quad4 Quad4 elements are 2D (1st order) quadrilateral elements with 4 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit quad4 elements: Automesh Shrink Wrap Elem Offset Quality Index Elem Cleanup Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with quad4 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Quad8 Quad8 elements are 2D (2nd order) quadrilateral elements with 8 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit quad8 elements: Automesh Shrink Wrap Elem Offset Quality Index Elem Cleanup Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with quad8 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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RBE3 RBE3 elements are rigid elements with one dependent node and variable independent nodes typically used to define the motion at the dependent node as a weighted average of the motions at the independent nodes. Both the dependent node and independent nodes contain a coefficient (weighting factor) and user-defined degrees of freedom. The following panels can be used to create and edit quad8 elements: RBE3 Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with RBE3 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Rigid Rigid elements are rigid 1D elements with 2 nodes used to model rigid connections. The following panels can be used to create and edit rigid elements: Rigid Spot Weld Spot

The data names associated with rigid elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Rigidlink Rigidlink elements are rigid elements with one independent node and variable dependent nodes typically used to model rigid bodies. Rigidlink elements have user-defined degrees of freedom which apply to all dependent nodes. The following panels can be used to create and edit rigidlink elements: Rigids Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with rigidlink elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Rod Rod elements are 1D elements with 2 nodes used to model axial behavior only. Rod elements have a property reference. The following panels can be used to create and edit rod elements: Rods Split Detatch Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with rod elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Slave1 Slave1 elements are slave interface elements with 1 node. (Must be Type 1) The following panels can be used to create and edit slave1 elements: Interfaces

The data names associated with slave1 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Slave3 Slave3 elements are slave interface elements with 3 node. (Must be Type 1) The following panels can be used to create and edit slave3 elements: Interfaces

The data names associated with slave3 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Slave4 Slave4 elements are slave interface elements with 1 node. (Must be Type 1) The following panels can be used to create and edit slave4 elements: Interfaces

The data names associated with slave4 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Spring Spring elements are 1D elements with 2 nodes used to model spring connections. Spring elements have user-defined degrees of freedom, an orientation vector, and a property reference. The following panels can be used to create and edit spring elements: Springs Split Detatch Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with spring elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Tetra4 Tetra4 elements are 3D (1st order) tetrahedra elements with 4 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit tetra4 elements: Tetramesh Elem Offset Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with tetra4 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Tetra10 Tetra10 elements are 3D (2nd order) tetrahedra elements with 10 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit tetra4 elements: Tetramesh Elem Offset Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with tetra10 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Tria3 Tria3 elements are 2D (1st order) triangular elements with 3 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit tria3 elements: Automesh Elem Offset Quality Index Elem Cleanup Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with tria3 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Altair Engineering

Tria6 Tria6 elements are 2D (2nd order) triangular elements with 6 nodes ordered in HyperMesh as shown below.

The following panels can be used to create and edit tria6 elements: Automesh Elem Offset Quality Index Elem Cleanup Edit Element Split Detatch Order Change Config Edit Elem Types

The data names associated with tria6 elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Weld Weld elements are rigid 1D elements with 2 nodes used to model welded connections. The following panels can be used to create and edit weld elements: Spot Weld Spot

The data names associated with weld elements can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Elements

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Connectors Connectors are geometric entities (not FE) used to create connections between link entities. Assemblies, components, elements, surfaces, nodes, and tags may act as link entities. Connectors are used to realize FE idealizations of the physical connection between the link entities. Just as you create a FE elements on a surface, you create FE connections by realizing a connector. The following panels can be used to create and edit connectors: Connectors

See also Include Files Assemblies Components Connectors

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Load Collectors Load collectors collect and organize loads and equations. Load collectors are created, edited, and deleted from the Model Browser and are shown under the LoadCollector folder. Loads and equations can be organized into a load collector using the Organize panel. Every load and equation must be organized into one, and only one, load collector and therefore are mutually exclusive to a load collector. Newly created loads and equations are automatically organized into the current load collector. The current load collector is shown in the status bar and is also bold in the Model Browser. The current load collector can be set using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on a selected load collector within the LoadCollector folder. Load collectors can also be card edited using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on selected load collectors within the LoadCollector folder. Load collectors have a display state, on or off, which control the display of all loads and equations organized within the load collector in the graphics area. The display state of a load collector can be controlled using the icons next to the load collector in the Model Browser. Geometry and element display states can be controlled separately for load collectors. Load collectors also have an active and export state. The active state of a load collector controls the display state of the load collector and the listing of the load collector in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a load collector is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a load collector is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. If a find operation "finds" an inactive load collector, that load collector will automatically be set to active. The export state of a load collector controls whether or not that load collector and all loads and equations organized within the load collector are exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a load collector. The active and export states of load collectors can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. Operations performed on a load collector affect loads and equations within the load collector. For example, if you delete a load collector, the loads and equations within the load collector are also deleted. The data names associated with load collectors can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for Load Collectors RADIOSS (Block Format)

When working with RADIOSS (Block Format), HyperMesh requires that all the loads be placed in the load collectors with one of the following valid card images:

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

/ACTIV

Describes the deactivation/ activation of element groups.

/ALE/BCS

Describes the ALE boundary conditions.

/BCS

Defines boundary conditions.

Supported Parameters

Notes

ALE_BCS_option RADIOSS_COMMENT _FLAG Translation_Vx Translation_Vy Translation_Vz Rotation_Wx Rotation_Wy Rotation_Wz

/CLOAD

Describes the concentrated loads.

GRNodeBox

/CONVEC

Describes the imposed convective flux.

Surface Type (Sets, ContactSurfs, Blocks)

/DFS/DETLINE

Describes the line detonators

/DFS/DETPOIN

Describes the point detonators.

RADIOSS_COMMENT _FLAG

/DFS/LASER /DFS/WAV_SHA /EBCS

Describes the elementary boundary condition sets.

/GRAV

Describes the gravity load.

GRNodeBox RADIOSS_COMMENT _FLAG

/IMPACC

849

Describes the imposed accelerations.

GRNodeBox RADIOSS_COMMENT

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

_FLAG /IMPDISP

Describes the imposed displacements.

/IMPTEMP

Defines imposed temperatures on a group of nodes.

/IMPVEL

Describes the imposed velocities.

/INITEMP

Describes the initial nodal temperature.

/INIVEL

Describes the initial velocities.

/INIVEL/AXIS

Describes the initial velocities around the axis.

/PLOAD

Describes the pressure loads.

/SPHBCS

Describes the SPH symmetry conditions.

/SPH/INOUT

Describes the SPH inlet/outlet conditions.

There are two choices for assigning loads to a load collector: Create individual loads, all of the same type and degree of freedom, and store them in the appropriate load collector. Identify the nodes on which loads/BCs act by selecting them through a set. The selection of the set is possible by editing the card image of the load collector. RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

Specific load collectors are used for specialized loading cards, such as EIGRL, SPCADD, GRAV, RLOAD, DTABLEi, etc. Specific load collectors have card images, which can be edited to do the following: Group other load collectors together for simultaneous application in a single subcase. Provide special information for a specific analysis type (such as modal analysis, or frequency

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response analysis). General boundary conditions should not be collected into specific load collectors. Organizing loads and constraints into a specific load collector may result in an error termination. The following is a list of RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct cards, which are represented as specific load collectors. Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

ACSRCE

Defines acoustic source as a function of power vs. frequency.

DELAY_OPTION

Notes

DPHASE_OPTION

CMSMETH

Defines the method, frequency TYPE (Structure Only, upper limit, and number of Fluid Structure) modes to be used in component mode synthesis for flexibly-body preparation solution sequence.

DLOAD

Defines a dynamic loading condition for frequency response problems as a linear combination of load sets defined via RLOAD1 and RLOAD2 entries, or for transient problems as a linear combination of load sets defined via TLOAD1 and TLOAD2 entries.

DTI_SPECSEL

Correlates spectra lines specified on TABLED1 entries with damping values.

EIGC

Defines data needed to perform complex eigenvalue analysis.

EIGRL

Defines data needed to perform real eigenvalue analysis (vibration or buckling) with the Lanczos Method.

FATDEF

Defines elements, and associated fatigue properties, for consideration in a fatigue analysis.

ELSET PSHELL PSOLID XELSET

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

XELEM FATEVNT

Defines loading events for fatigue analysis.

FATLOAD

Defines fatigue loading parameters.

FATPARM

Defines fatigue analysis parameters.

FATSEQ

Defines a loading sequence for fatigue analysis.

FATSEQ_NUM

FREQ

Defines a set of frequencies to be used in the solution of frequency response problems.

FREQ

FATEVNT_NUM_FLOA D

FREQ1 - FREQ5

FREQ1

Defines a set of frequencies to FREQ be used in the solution of FREQ1 - FREQ5 frequency response problems by specification of a starting frequency, frequency increment, and the number of increments desired.

Defined using FREQi

FREQ2

Alternative form of frequency FREQ list. Defines a set of frequencies FREQ1 - FREQ5 to be used in the solution of frequency response problems by specification of a starting frequency, final frequency, and the number of logarithmic increments desired.

Defined using FREQi

FREQ3

Frequency List, Alternate Form FREQ 3. Defines a set of frequencies FREQ1 - FREQ5 for the modal method of frequency response analysis by specifying the number of frequencies between modal frequencies.

Defined using FREQi

FREQ4

Frequency List, Alternate Form 4. Defines a set of frequencies

Defined using FREQi

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FREQ

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

for the modal method of FREQ1 - FREQ5 frequency response analysis by specifying the amount of "spread" around each modal frequency and the number of equally spaced frequencies within the spread. FREQ5

Frequency List, Alternate Form FREQ 5. Defines a set of frequencies FREQ1 - FREQ5 for the modal method of frequency response analysis by specification of a frequency range and fractions of the natural frequencies within that range.

GRAV

Defines the gravity vectors for use in determining gravity loading for the structural model.

INVELB

Defines initial velocity in a multibody situation.

LOAD

Defines a static load as a linear LOAD_Num_Set combination of load sets defined via FORCE, MOMENT, FORCE1, MOMENT1, PLOAD, PLOAD1, PLOAD2, PLOAD4, RFORCE, and GRAV entries.

MBACT

Defines the entity/set to be activated in the multi-body system for the subsequent simulation.

THRU

Defines the entity/set to be deactivated in the multi-body system for the subsequent simulation.

THRU

MBDEACT

MBLIN

853

Defined using FREQi

MBACT_NUMIDS

MBEACT_NUMIDS

Defines the parameters for a multi-body system linear analysis.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

MBSEQ

Defines the simulation sequence for the multi-body solver.

MBSEQ_NUM_ID

MBSIM

Defines the parameters for a multi-body simulation.

Simulation Type (Transient, Static, Quasi-static)

MBSIMP

Parameters for subsequent multi-body simulation.

MLOAD

Defines a multi-body as a linear MLOAD_NUM_L combination of load sets defined via GRAV, MBFRC, MBFRCC, MBFRCE, MBMNT, MBMNTC, MBMNTE, MBSFRC, MBSFRCC, MBSFRCE, MBSMNT, MBSMNTC, MBSMNTE.

MOTION

Defines a multi-body as a combination of motion sets defined via MOTNJ, MOTNJC, MOTNJE, MOTNG, MOTNGC, MOTNGE

MOTION_Num_Set

MPCADD

Multi-point constraint set combination.

Number_Of_Sets

NLOAD

Defines a loading condition for NLOAD_NUM nonlinear problems as a linear combination of load sets defined via NLOAD1.

NLOAD1

Defines a time-dependent load or enforced motion for use in geometric nonlinear analysis.

NLPARM

Defines parameters for nonlinear NINC, DT, KMETHOD, static analysis iteration KSTEP, MAXITER, strategy. CONV, INTOUT, EPSU, EPSP, EPSW, MAXDIV, MAXQN, MAXLS, FSTRESS,

Altair Engineering

Notes

SENSID_OPTION

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

LSTOL, MAXBIS, MAXR, RTOLB NLPCI NSMADD

Defines non-structural mass as the sum of the sets listed.

PFAT

Defines element properties for fatigue analysis

FINISH_REAL

RANDPS

Power Spectral Density Specification

RANDT1

RFORCE

Defines a static loading condition due to a centrifugal force field.

RLOAD1

Defines a frequency-dependent dynamic load for use in frequency response problems.

DELAY_OPTION

Defines a frequency-dependent dynamic load for use in frequency response problems.

DELAY_OPTION

RLOAD2

855

TREATMENT_REAL

DPHASE_OPTION

DPHASE_OPTION

RSPEC

Defines a directional combination method, modal combination method, excitation direction(s), response spectra and scale factors for response spectrum analysis.

RWALADD

Defines a rigid wall set as a union of rigid walls defined via RWALL entries.

SOLVTYP

Defines the solver to be used for Solver Type (PCG) static analysis.

RWALADD_Num_set

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

SPCADD

Single-point constraint set combination.

SPCADD_Num_Set

TABDMP1

Defines modal damping as a tabular function of natural frequency.

TABDMP1_NUM

TABLED1

Defines a tabular function for use in generating frequencydependent and time-dependent dynamic loads.

TABLED1_NUM

TABLED2

Dynamic Load Tabular TABLED2_NUM Function, Form 2. Defines a tabular function for use in generating frequency-dependent and time-dependent dynamic loads. Also contains parametric data for use with the table.

TABLED3

Dynamic Load Tabular TABLED3_NUM Function, Form 3. Defines a tabular function for use in generating frequency-dependent and time-dependent dynamic loads. Also contains parametric data for use with the table.

TABLED4

Dynamic Load Tabular Function, Form 4.Defines the coefficients of a power series for use in generating frequencydependent and time-dependent dynamic loads. Also contains parametric data for use with the table.

TABLEFAT

Defines y values of each point on the loading time history.

TABLEM1

Defines a tabular function for use in generating temperaturedependent material properties.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

TABLEM2

Material Property Table, Form 2. Defines a tabular function for use in generating temperaturedependent material properties. Also contains parametric data for use with the table.

TABLEM3

Material Property Table, Form 3. Defines a tabular function for use in generating temperaturedependent material properties. Also contains parametric data for use with the table.

TABLEM4

Material Property Table, Form 4. Defines coefficients of a power series for use in generating temperaturedependent material properties. Also contains parametric data for use with the table.

TABLES1

Defines a tabular function for use as stress-strain curve in one-step stamping material property MATHF

TABLES1_NUM

TABRND1

Defines power spectral density as a tabular function of frequency for use in random analysis.

TABRND1_NUM

TEMPD

Defines a temperature value for all grid points of the structural model that have not been given a temperature on a TEMP entry.

TLOAD1

Defines a time-dependent dynamic load or enforced motion of the form:

Notes

for use in transient response analysis.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

TLOAD2

Defines a time-dependent dynamic excitation or enforced motion of the form:

Supported Parameters

Notes

for use in a transient response problem, where

TSTEP

Defines time step intervals at which a solution will be generated and output in transient analysis.

XHISADD

Defines a time history output set as a union of time history outputs defined via XHIST entries.

XHISADD_Num_set

XSTEP

Defines explicit analysis control.

XSTEP_NUM

Abaqus

A load collector is a repository for loads and constraints. Each load or constraint must belong to a load collector. There are two card images called HISTORY and INITIAL_CONDITION. Loads or constraints that are to be used as history data (under *STEP) should be collected into load collectors with the HISTORY card image. These load collectors also need to be added to the corresponding load steps (*STEP) from the load steps panel. In contrast, loads or constraints for model data should be collected into load collectors with INITIAL_CONDITION card image. They will automatically be written out in the model portion of the Abaqus input deck. Note

The Import tab - Options section provides the user to select to Expand Loads on Sets. Selecting this option means that all loads and boundary conditions on sets are expanded to individual nodes and elements.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*CFILM

Define film coefficients and

AMPLITUDE, FILM

Only in HISTORY

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associated sink temperatures at one or more nodes or vertices

AMPLITUDE, REGION card image TYPE = {LAGRANGIAN/ SLIDING, EULEREIAN}, OP

*CONNECTOR LOAD Specify loads for available components of relative motion in connector elements

AMPLITUDE, LOAD CASE, OP

Only in HISTORY card image

*CONNECTOR MOTION

Specify the motion of available components of relative motion in connector elements

AMPLITUDE, LOAD CASE, OP

In both HISTORY and INTIAL_CONDITION card image

*DSLOAD

Specify distributed surface loads

AMPLITUDE, LOAD CASE, CYLIC MODE, OP

Only in HISTORY card image

*INERTIA RELIEF

Apply inertia-based load balancing

FIXED, ORIENTATION, REMOVE

Only in HISTORY card image of Standard template

*INITIAL_CONDITION Specifies initial pressures for S hydrostatic fluid filled cavities.

TYPE = FLUID PRESSURE

*INITIAL_CONDITION Specifies initial temperatures S for heat transfer analysis.

TYPE= TEMPERATURE

*INITIAL_CONDITION Specifies initial velocities for S dynamic analysis.

TYPE=VELOCITY

*SFILM

Define film coefficients and associated sink temperatures over a surface for heat transfer analysis

AMPLITUDE, FILM AMPLITUDE, OP

Only in HISTORY card image

LS-DYNA

Load collector information is specified with a required $HMNAME comment card and an optional $HMCOLOR comment card. If an input translator encounters one of these comments while reading a load card, a new load collector is created. For the comments to be valid, they must follow a load keyword or the last line of the previous Structured block. The loads that follow a $HMNAME LOADCOLS comment are read into that collector. If there is a new Keyword or Structured block, the previous load

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collector information is ignored. For non-HyperMesh generated input decks, loads are divided into collectors based on classification. The following load collectors are created: Mechanical loads for forces and moments Constraints/Displacements Velocities Accelerations Pressures If translational or rotational constraints are defined in the input model, they are placed in a separate load collector named Nodal Constraints. Load collectors are not used by LS-DYNA, but are useful for visualization. Additional load collectors can be defined to describe other entities. Supported Cards

Solver Description

*BOUNDARY_ CONVECTION_SET

Define convection boundary SSID, HLCID, HMULT, conditions for a thermal or TLCID, TMULT, LOC coupled thermal/structural analysis. Two cards are defined for each option.

*BOUNDARY_NON_ REFLECTING

Define a non-reflecting boundary.

SSID, AD, AS

*BOUNDARY_NON_ REFLECTING_2D

Define a non-reflecting boundary.

NSID

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ RIGID

Define an imposed nodal motion (velocity, acceleration, or displacement) on a node or a set of nodes.

PID, DOF, VAD, LCID, RIGID_LOCAL and SF, VID, DEATH, _SET options are BIRTH supported.

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ RIGID_ID

Define an imposed nodal motion (velocity, acceleration, or displacement) on a node or a set of nodes.

Dyna_Name

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ RIGID_LOCAL

Altair Engineering

Supported Parameters

Notes

2D_Option

PID, DOF, VAD, LCID, SF, VID, DEATH, BIRTH PID, DOF, VAD, LCID, SF, VID, DEATH, BIRTH Title

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Notes

Dyna_Name

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ RIGID_LOCAL_ID *BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ SET

Supported Parameters

PID, DOF, VAD, LCID, SF, VID, DEATH, BIRTH Define an imposed nodal motion (velocity, acceleration, or displacement) on a node or a set of nodes.

NSID, DOF, VAD, LCID, SF, VID, DEATH, BIRTH TITLE

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ SET_ID

Dyna_Name

*BOUNDARY_RADIA Defines surface segment sets TION_SET that transfer energy by radiation to the environment.

SSID, TYPE, RAD_GRP, FILE_NO, RFLCID, RFMULT, TILCID, TIMULT

*BOUNDARY_SPC_ SET

NSID, CID, DOFX, DOFY, DOFZ, DOFRX, DOFRY, DOFRZ

NSID, DOF, VAD, LCID, SF, VID, DEATH, BIRTH

Define nodal single point constraints.

Title *BOUNDARY_SPC_ SET_ ID

*BOUNDARY_ TEMPERATURE_SE T

Dyna_Name NSID, CID, DOFX, DOFY, DOFZ, DOFRX, DOFRY, DOFRZ Define temperature boundary conditions for a thermal or coupled thermal/structural analysis.

*CONSTRAINED_RIG Stops the motion based on a ID_ time dependent constraint. The BODY_STOPPERS stopper overrides prescribed motion boundary conditions

861

NCID, LCID, CMULT, LOC

PID, LCMAX, LCMIN, PSIDMX, PSIDMN, LCVMNX, DIR, VID, TB, TD

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Supported Cards

*DEFINE_CURVE_ FEEDBACK

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

(except relative displacement) operating in the same direction for both the master and slaved rigid bodies.

LCMAX_as_displacme nt

Notes

LCMIN_as_displacem ent

Define information that is used LCID, PID, BOXID, as the solution evolves to scale FLDID, FSL, TSL, the ordinate values of the SFF, SFT, BIAS specified load curve ID. Title

*DEFINE_CURVE_ FEEDBACK_TITLE

Title, LCID, PID, BOXID, FLDID, FSL, TSL, SFF, SFT, BIAS

*DEFORMABLE_TO_ Define materials to be switched ArrayCount RIGID to rigid at the start of the PSID, MRB calculation. DeformToRigidHelp

Select an arraycount for the PSID and MRB pairs.

Options (NONE, AUTOMATIC) *DEFORMABLE_TO_ Define materials to be switched SWSET, CODE, RIGID to rigid or to deformable at TIME1, TIME2, TIME3, _AUTOMATIC some stage in the calculation. ENTNO, RELSW, PAIRED, NRBF, NCSF, RWF, DTMAX, #D2R, #R2D DeformToRigidHelp D2R_Flag R2D_Flag *DEFORMABLE_TO_ Inertial properties can be RIGID defined for the new rigid bodies _INERTIA that are created when the deformable parts are switched. These can only be defined in the initial input if they are needed in a later restart.

Change the option to automatic and card edit. In the D2R fields enter the number of PIDs that need to be converted to Rigid. Create an entity set of comps of the slave PIDs and select the set.

PID, XC, YC, ZC, TM, IXX, IXY, IXZ, IYY, IYZ, IZZ

*INITIAL_AXIAL_FOR Initialize axial force in the beam BSID, LCID CE_ for modeling bolt BEAM

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*INITIAL_DETONATIO Define points to initiate the N location of high explosive detonations in part IDs which use the material (type 8) *MAT_HIGH_EXPLOSIVE_BU RN.

PID, X, Y, Z, LT

*INITIAL_STRESS_ SECTION

CSID, LCID, PSID, VID

Initialize stress in solid sections

Notes

PartOption

*INITIAL_TEMPERAT Define initial nodal point URE_ temperatures using nodal set SET IDs or node numbers.

NSID, TEMP, LOC

*INITIAL_VEHICLE_ KINEMATICS

Define initial kinematical information for a vehicle.

GRAV, PSID, XO, YO, ZO, XF, YF, ZF, VX, VY, VZ, AAXIS, BAXIS, CAXIS, AANG, BANG, CANG, WA, WB, WB

*INITIAL_VELOCITY

Define initial nodal point translational velocities using nodal set IDs. This may also be used for sets in which some nodes have other velocities.

Card 30

InitialVel

NSID, NSIDEX, BOXID, IRIGID, VX, VY, VZ, VXR, VYR, VZR

This card changes the INITV definition on Control Card 11. Only the first card defined is valid for Structured.

Options (NONE, Generation, Rigidbody) *INITIAL_VELOCITY_ Define initial velocities for GENERATION rotating and translating bodies.

PSID, OMEGA, VX, VY, VZ, IVATN, XC, YC, ZC, NX, NY, NZ, PHASE STYP (Part Set ID, Part ID, Node Set ID, ENTIRE MODEL)

*INITIAL_VELOCITY_ Define the initial translational PID, VX, VY, VZ, VXR, RIGID_ and rotational velocities at the VYR, VZR BODY center of gravity for a rigid body or a nodal rigid body.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK

Define a material subset for an implicit springback calculation in LS-DYNA and any nodal constraint to eliminate rigid body degrees-of-freedom.

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE

Notes

Option1 (NONE, LSDYNA, NASTRAN, SEAMLESS) Option2 (None, THICKNESS, NO THICKNESS)

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK_LSDY NA

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE Option1 (LSDYNA, NASTRAN, SEAMLESS, NONE) Option2 (None, THICKNESS, NOTHICKNESS)

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK_LSDY NA_ NOTHICKNESS

Define a material subset for an implicit springback calculation in LS-DYNA and any nodal constraints to eliminate rigid body degrees-of-freedom.

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK_LSDY NA_ THICKNESS

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK_NAST RAN

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK_NAST RAN_ NOTHICKNESS

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK_NAST RAN_ THICKNESS

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK_SEA MLESS

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK_SEA MLESS _NOTHICKNESS

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE

*INTERFACE_ SPRINGBACK_SEA MLESS _THICKNESS

PSID, NSHV, FTYPE

*LOAD_BEAM_SET

Defines load on beam element set

ESID, DAL, LCID, SF

*LOAD_BLAST

Define an airblast function for the application of pressure loads due to explosives in conventional weapons.

WGT, XBO, YBO, ZBO, TBO, IUNIT, ISURF, CFM, CFL, CFT, CFP

*LOAD_BODY_ GENERALIZED

Define body force loads due to a prescribed base acceleration or prescribed angular velocity over a subset of the complete problem.

Card 46

*LOAD_BODY_PART Define body force loads due to S a prescribed base acceleration or angular velocity using global axes directions

Card 45

*LOAD_BODY_X

Card 39

Define body force loads due to a prescribed base acceleration using global axes directions

*LOAD_BODY_Y

N1, N2, LCID, DRLCID, XC, YC, ZC, AX, AY, AZ, OMX, OMY, OMZ

PSID

LCID, SF, LCIDDR, CID

Card 40 LCID, SF, LCIDDR, CID

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Notes

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Select component set.

Activate the proper option and enter the data. Only the first card defined is valid for Structured. Activate the proper option and enter the data. Only the first card defined is valid

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

for Structured. *LOAD_BODY_Z

Card 41 LCID, SF, LCIDDR, CID

*LOAD_BODY_RX

Define body force loads due to a prescribed angular velocity using global axes directions

*LOAD_BODY_RY

Card 42 LCID, SF, LCIDDR, XC, YC, ZC, CID

Card 43 LCID, SF, LCIDDR, XC, YC, ZC, CID

*LOAD_BODY_RZ

Card 44 LCID, SF, LCIDDR, XC, YC, ZC, CID

*LOAD_BRODE

Define Brode function for application of pressure loads due to explosion.

YLD, BHT, XBO, YBO, ZBO, TBO, TALC, SFLC, CFL, CFT, CFP

*LOAD_MASK

Apply a distributed pressure load over a three-dimensional shell part.

PID, LCID, VID1, OFF, BOXID, LCIDM, VID2, INOUT, ICYCLE

*LOAD_NODE_SET

Apply a concentrated nodal force to a node or a set of nodes.

NSID, DOFX, LCID, SF, CID

*LOAD_RIGID_BODY

Activate the proper option and enter the data. Only the first card defined is valid for Structured. Activate the proper option and enter the data. Only the first card defined is valid for Structured. Activate the proper option and enter the data. Only the first card defined is valid for Structured. Activate the proper option and enter the data. Only the first card defined is valid for Structured.

FollowerForce PID, DOF, LCID, SF, CID, M1, M2, M3 LCID_as_displacemen t

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*LOAD_SEGMENT_ SET

Apply the distributed pressure load over each segment in a segment set.

SSID, LCID, SF, AT

*LOAD_SHELL_SET

Apply the distributed pressure load over one shell element or shell element set.

ESID, LCID, SF, AT

*LOAD_SUPERELAS TIC_ FORMING

*LOAD_THERMAL_ CONSTANT

LCIDoption

LCIDoption

LCP1, CSP1, NCP1, LCP1, CSP1, NCP1, ERATE, SCMIN, SCMAX, NCYL Define nodal sets giving the temperature that remains constant for the duration of the calculation.

*LOAD_THERMAL_L OAD_ CURVE *LOAD_THERMAL_ VARIABLE

Notes

NSID, INSIDEX, BOXID, T, TE

LCID, LCIDDR

Define nodal sets giving the temperature that is variable in the duration of the calculation.

NSID, NSIDEX, BOXID, TS, TB, LCID, TSE, TBE, LCIDE

Nastran

There are two types of load collectors for Nastran: Specific load collectors with a card image Generic load collectors without a card image Generic load collectors are used to collect loads and constraints for display purposes and to assign an ID to the loads. Specific load collectors are used for specialized loading cards, such as SPCADD, MPCADD, EIGRL, EIGB, EIGC, EIGP, EIGR, FREQ, FREQ1, LOAD, GRAV, RFORCE, and TEMPD. Specific load collectors have card images which can be edited to do the following: Group other load collectors together for simultaneous application in a single subcase Provide special information for a specific analysis type (such as modal analysis) General boundary conditions, such as loads and constraints, should not be collected into specific load

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collectors. When reading in a Nastran deck, loads that have the same SID are collected into the same load collector. If a load collector already exists in the database with the same SID, one of the following can occur: If overwrite is off (default), the new load collector’s ID is offset and all loads in that collector will have a new SID upon export. If overwrite is on, the new load collector replaces the existing load collector. The original load collector and the loads it contains are deleted. Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

ACSRCE

Defines the power versus frequency curve for a simple acoustic source.

EXCITEID, DELAY, DPHASE, TP, RHO, B

Notes

DELAY_OPTION DPHASE_OPTION

AEFACT

Defines real numbers for aeroelastic analysis.

Total_Number

BCPARA

Defines contact parameters.

PARAM, VALUE BCPARA_NUM

BMFACE DELAY

Defines the time delay term in the equations of the dynamic loading function

Supported as constraints

DLOAD

Defines a dynamic loading DLOAD_NUM condition for frequency response or transient response problems as a linear combination of load sets defined via RLOAD1 or RLOAD2 entries for frequency response or TLOAD1 or TLOAD2 entries for transient response

DTI SPECSEL

Defines table data blocks

SPECSEL, RECNO, TYPE, TID, DAMP DTI_TID_NUM

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

EIGB

Defines data needed to perform buckling analysis

contOpt

EIGC

Defines data needed to perform complex eigenvalue analysis

Cont

EIGP

Defines poles that are used in n/a complex eigenvalue extraction by the Determinant method

EIGR

Defines data needed to perform real eigenvalue analysis

EIGRL

Defines data needed to n/a perform real eigenvalue (vibration or buckling) analysis with the Lanczos method

FLFACT

Used to specify density ratios, Mach numbers, reduced frequencies, and velocities for flutter analysis.

FORMAT (IDS, THRU_FORMAT)

FLUTTER

Defines data needed to perform flutter analysis.

n/a

FREQ

Defines a set of frequencies to n/a be used in the solution of frequency response problems.

FREQ1

FREQ2

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contOpt

Defines a set of frequencies to n/a be used in the solution of frequency response problems by specification of a starting frequency, frequency increment, and the number of increments desired. Alternative form of frequency list. Defines a set of frequencies to be used in the solution of frequency response problems by

Notes

FREQ FREQ1 - FREQ5

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Defined using FREQi.

Defined using FREQi.

Defined using FREQi.

Altair Engineering

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

specification of a starting frequency, final frequency, and the number of logarithmic increments desired. FREQ3

Frequency List, Alternate FREQ Form 3. Defines a set of FREQ1 - FREQ5 frequencies for the modal method of frequency response analysis by specifying the number of frequencies between modal frequencies.

Defined using FREQi.

FREQ4

Frequency List, Alternate FREQ Form 4. Defines a set of FREQ1 - FREQ5 frequencies for the modal method of frequency response analysis by specifying the amount of "spread" around each modal frequency and the number of equally spaced frequencies within the spread.

Defined using FREQi.

FREQ5

Frequency List, Alternate FREQ Form 5. Defines a set of FREQ1 - FREQ5 frequencies for the modal method of frequency response analysis by specification of a frequency range and fractions of the natural frequencies within that range.

Defined using FREQi.

GRAV

Defines acceleration vectors for gravity or other acceleration loading

LOAD

Defines a static load as a LOAD_Num_Set linear combination of load sets defined via FORCE, MOMENT, FORCE1, MOMENT1, FORCE2, MOMENT2, PLOAD, PLOAD1, PLOAD2, PLOAD4, PLOADX1, SLOAD, RFORCE, and GRAV entries.

Altair Engineering

n/a

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

LSEQ

Defines a sequence of static load sets.

EXCITE, LID, TID

MARCOUT

Selects output to be saved on WHERE, IO the Marc t16 end/or t19 file(s) MARCOUT_MAX used in SOL 600 only.

MPCADD

Defines a multipoint constraint Number_Of_Sets set as a union of multipoint constraint sets defined via MPC entries.

NLAUTO

Defines parameters for automatic or fixed load/time stepping used in SOL 600 only.

NLDAMP

Defines damping constants for EID1, EID2, ALPHA, nonlinear analysis when Marc BETA, GAMMA is executed from SOL 600 only.

NLPARM

Defines a set of parameters for nonlinear static analysis iteration strategy

Notes

ID, TINIT, TFINAL, RSMALL, RBIG, TSMIN, TSMAX, NSMAX, NRECYC, IENHAN, IDAMP, NSTATE, NCUT, LIMTAR, IFINISH, FTEMP, IFLAG, CRITERIA, SETID, Y1Y4, X1-X4

ID, NINC, DT, KMETHOD, KSTEP, MAXITER, CONV, INTOUT, EPSU, EPSP, EPSW, MAXDIV, MAXQN, MAXLS, FSTRESS, LSTOL, MAXBIS, MAXR, RTOLB NLPCI

NLRGAP

871

Defines a nonlinear radial (circular) gap for transient response or nonlinear harmonic response.

ID, GA, GB, PLANE, TABK, TABG, TABU, RADIUS

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

NLSTRAT

Defines strategy parameters for nonlinear structural analysis used in SOL 600 only.

PARAM, VALUE

NSMADD

Defines non structural mass as the sum of the sets listed.

S

NTHICK

Defines nodal thickness values for beams, plates and/ or shells.

ID, THICK

RANDPS

Defines load set power NUMBER_OF_RANDP spectral density factors for S use in random analysis having the frequency dependent form RANDT1

RFORCE

Defines a static loading condition due to an angular velocity and/or acceleration

n/a

RLOAD1

Defines a frequencydependent dynamic load of the form

DELAY_OPTION

Notes

ID options (1, 0, User)

DPHASE_OPTION

for use in frequency response problems RLOAD2

DELAY_OPTION Defines a frequencydependent dynamic excitation DPHASE_OPTION of the form

for use in frequency response problems

RSPEC

Altair Engineering

Defines a directional combination method, modal combination method,

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

excitation direction(s), response spectra and scale factors for response spectrum analysis.

873

SPCADD

Defines a single-point constraint set as a union of single-point constraint sets defined on SPC or SPC1 entries

SPCADD_Num_Set

TABDMP1

Defines modal damping as a tabular function of natural frequency

TABDMP1_NUM

TABLED1

Defines a tabular function for use in generating frequencydependent and timedependent dynamic loads

TABLED1_NUM

TABLED2

Defines a tabular function for TABLED2_NUM use in generating frequencydependent and timedependent dynamic loads. Also contains parametric data for use with the table

TABLED3

Defines a tabular function for TABLED3_NUM use in generating frequencydependent and timedependent dynamic loads. Also contains parametric data for use with the table

TABLED4

Defines the coefficients of a TABLED4_NUM power series for use in generating frequencydependent and timedependent dynamic loads. Also contains parametric data for use with the table

TABLEM1

Defines a tabular function for use in generating

TABLEM1_NUM

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

temperature-dependent material properties. TABLEM2

Defines a tabular function for use in generating temperature-dependent material properties. Also contains parametric data for use with the table.

TABLEM2_NUM

TABLEM3

Defines a tabular function for use in generating temperature-dependent material properties. Also contains parametric data for use with the table.

TABLEM3_NUM

TABLEM4

Defines coefficients of a power TABLEM4_NUM series for use in generating temperature-dependent material properties. Also contains parametric data for use with the table.

TABLES1

Defines a tabular function for TABLES1_NUM stress-dependent material properties such as the stressstrain curve (MATS1 entry), creep parameters (CREEP entry) and hyperelastic material parameters (MATHP entry).

TABLEST

Specifies the material TABLEST_NUM property tables for nonlinear elastic temperature-dependent materials

TABRND1

Defines power spectral TABRND1_NUM density as a tabular function of frequency for use in random analysis. Referenced by the RANDPS entry.

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

TEMPD

Defines a temperature value n/a for all grid points of the structural model that have not been given a temperature on a TEMP entry.

TIC

Defines values for the initial conditions of variables used in structural transient analysis. Both displacement and velocity values may be specified at independent degrees-of-freedom. This entry may not be used for heat transfer analysis.

TLOAD1

Defines a time-dependent dynamic load or enforced motion of the form

Notes

DELAY_OPTION

for use in transient response analysis TLOAD2

Defines a time-dependent dynamic excitation or enforced motion of the form

DELAY_OPTION

for use in a transient response problem, where

875

TRIM

Specifies constraints for SID, MACH, Q, LABEL, aeroelastic trim variables. The UX, AEQR, SPLINE1 and SPLINE4 NUM_LABEL entries need to be here for the finite plate spline.

TSTEP

Defines time step intervals at

TSTEP_NUM

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

which a solution will be generated and output in transient analysis TSTEPNL

Defines parametric controls and data for nonlinear transient structural or heat transfer analysis. TSTEPNL is intended for SOLs 129, 159, and 99.

ID, NDT, DT, NO, KSTEP, MAXITER, CONV, EPSU, EPSP, EPSW, MAXDIV, MAXQN, MAXLS, FSTRESS, MAXBIS, ADJUST, MSTEP, RB, MAXR, UTOL, RTOLB

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

ACC3D /

Imposed accelerations

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

ACFLD /

Acceleration field

IFUN1, SCAF1, IFUN2, Keyword input. SCAF2, IFUN3, SCAF3, TITLE, GES

BOUNC /

Specify boundary conditions on the base body

X Y Z x y z, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

CONLO /

Concentrated nodal load

IDR, LC, SCALE, ISENS, ITYPE, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

Follower_Force DAMP /

Nodal damping group cards

ADAMP, TIDAMP, TFDAMP, IDAMP, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

NUMNOD_option DAMP START/END

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

(TIME, SENSOR)

877

DIS3D /

Imposed displacement

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

DIS3DM /

Imposed minimum displacement

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

DIS3DX /

Imposed maximum displacement

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

INVEL /

Specify the initial velocity of the VELX, VELY, VELZ, base body ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ, IFRAM, IRIGB, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

PREFA /

Pressure on shells

FUNCTION, MULT, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

PREBM /

Pressure on beams

FUNCTION, MULT, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

RAC3D /

Imposed rotational acceleration

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

RAN3D /

Imposed angular rotations

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

RDA3D /

Radial 3D boundary conditions

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

RDD3D /

Radial 3D boundary conditions

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3,

Keyword input

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES RDV3D /

Radial 3D boundary conditions

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

RVE3D /

Imposed rotational velocities

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

VEL3D /

Imposed velocities

IFUN1, IFUN2, IFUN3, SCAL1, SCAL2, SCAL3, IFRAM, ISENS, TITLE, GES

Keyword input

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

$ADDMODES

Definition of static mode shapes DOFTYPE to be added to the set of RSYS eigenmodes used for SOURCE transformation to modal space.

PERMAS

Available as a load collector when the source = loads. To change the LPAT = field, set the AddmodeLoads toggle to LOADSELECT, which ensures that each data line will define different ADDMODES. In the NoOfLoads_AddMo de = field, enter the number of load patterns to assign

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

the ADDMODES to. $CONTVAL

Assignment of properties to contacts referenced by contact identifier or name.

FRICTION GAPWIDTH NORMAL

Supported as a load collector (card image LOADS). To create a card, use an existing load collector or create a new one with card image LOADS and enable the CONTVAL checkbox. A maximum number of 5 keywords are allowed per load collector (load pattern).

$PRETENSION LOAD

Assignment of load properties to pretension threads/areas referenced by identifier or name.

$SUPPRESS

Definition of suppressed degrees of freedom. The degrees of freedom given on the header line are suppressed for all nodes listed within the data block.

Supported as a load collector (card image LOADS). To create a card, use an existing load collector or create a new one with card image LOADS and enable the PRETENSION checkbox.

See also Status Bar Model Browser Entity State Browser Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files

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Loads Load entities have an associated load configuration. A load configuration determines how to draw, store, and work with the load. The follwoing load configurations are supported: Accelerations Constraints Fluxes Forces Moments Pressures Temperatures Velocities

Solver Card Support for Loads RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

General boundary conditions should not be collected into specific load collectors. Organizing loads and constraints into a specific load collector may result in an error termination. The following is a list of RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct cards, which are represented as various types of loads.

881

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

ASET

Defines the boundary degrees of Constraints freedom of a superelement assembly for matrix reduction.

ASET1

Defines the boundary degrees of Constraints freedom of a superelement assembly for matrix reduction.

DAREA

Defines scale (area) factors for dynamic loads.

Constraints

DELAY

Defines the time delay term tau in the equations of the dynamic loading function.

Constraints

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DEFORM

Defines enforced axial Flux deformation for one-dimensional elements for use in statics problems.

DPHASE

Defines the phase lead term lower theta in the equation of the dynamic loading function.

Constraints

FORCE

Defines a static force at a grid point by specifying a vector.

Force

MBFRC

Defines a constant force at a Force grid point by specifying a vector.

MBFRCC

Defines a curve force at a grid point by specifying a vector.

MBMNT

Defines a constant moment at a Moment grid point by specifying a vector.

MBMNTC

Defines a curve moment at a Moment grid point by specifying a vector.

MOMENT

Defines a static moment at a Moment grid point by specifying a vector.

MOMENT1

Defines a static moment by Moment specification of a value and two grid points, which determine the direction.

MOTNG

Defines a constant grid point motion.

Constraint

MOTNGC

Defines a grid point motion vs. time by specifying a curve.

Constraint

PLOAD

Defines a static pressure load on a triangular or quadrilateral element.

Pressure

PLOAD1

Defines concentrated, uniformly distributed, or linearly distributed applied loads to the CBAR or CBEAM elements at

Pressure

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Force

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user-chosen points along the axis.

883

PLOAD2

Defines a uniform static Pressure pressure load applied to twodimensional elements. Only QUAD4 or TRIA3 elements may have a pressure load applied to them via this entry.

PLOAD4

Defines a load on a face of a HEXA, PENTA, TETRA, PYRA, TRIA3, or QUAD4 element.

Pressure

QBDY1

Defines a uniform heat flux for CHBDYE elements.

Flux

QVOL

Rate of volumetric heat addition for a conduction element.

Flux

SPC

Defines sets of single-point constraints and enforced displacements.

Constraint

SPCD

Defines an enforced displacement value for static analysis, which is requested as a LOAD.

Constraint

SUPORT

Defines determinate reaction degrees of freedom in a free body.

Constraint

SUPORT1

Defines determinate reaction Constraint degrees of freedom in a free body. The SUPORT1 bulk data entry must be requested in the I/O Options or Subcase Information sections by the SUPORT1 data selection command.

TEMP

Defines temperature at grid points for determination of Thermal Loading and Stress recovery.

Temperature

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TIC(D) or (V)

Defines values for the initial conditions of variables used in structural transient analysis. Both displacement and velocity values may be specified at independent degrees-offreedom.

Constraint

USET

Set of Degrees of Freedom for Residual Vector Calculation.

Constraint

USET1

Alternate Form of USET1

Constraint

Abaqus

Each load or constraint must belong to a load collector. Loads or constraints in history data (under *STEP) should be organized into load collectors with HISTORY card image. These load collectors need to be added to a load step from the Load Steps panel. Loads or constraints in model data, however, should be organized into load collectors with the INITIAL_CONDITION card image. These load collectors do not need to be added to a load step. All loads and boundary conditions are recommended to be defined from the Step Manager in the Abaqus user profile. Note:

Note The Import tab - Options section provides the user to select to Expand Loads on Sets. Selecting this option means that all loads and boundary conditions on sets are expanded to individual nodes and elements.

Supported Card

Solver Description

*BOUNDARY Specifies flux boundary (electric potential, dof conditions for piezoelectric 9) analysis.

Supported Load Types

Supported Parameters

Flux

FIXED USER LOADCASE AMPLITUDE REGION TYPE = {LAGRANGIAN, SLIDING, EULERIAN} OP

*BOUNDARY (structural)

Creates structural boundary conditions.

Constraint

TYPE = {DISPLACEMENT, VELOCITY, ACCELERATION} FIXED

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USER LOADCASE AMPLITUDE REGION TYPE = {LAGRANGIAN, SLIDING, EULERIAN} OP *BOUNDARY (temperature, dof 11)

Specifies temperature boundary conditions.

Temperatures

FIXED USER LOADCASE AMPLITUDE REGION TYPE = {LAGRANGIAN, SLIDING, EULERIAN} OP

*CECHARGE

Specifies concentrated electric Flux charges for piezoelectric analysis.

OP

*CECURRENT

Specifies concentrated current in electric conduction.

Flux

OP

*CFLUX

Specify concentrated fluxes in heat transfer or mass diffusion analyses.

Flux

OP

*CLOAD

Creates concentrated forces.

Force

AMPLITUDE LOADCASE CYCLIC MODE FOLLOWER REGION TYPE = {LAGRANGIAN, SLIDING, EULERIAN} OP

*CLOAD

Creates concentrated moments.

Moment

AMPLITUDE LOADCASE CYCLIC MODE FOLLOWER REGION TYPE =

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{LAGRANGIAN, SLIDING, EULERIAN} OP *COUPLING

Define a surface-based coupling constraint

Constraint

CONSTRAINT NAME REF NODE SURFACE INFLUENCE RADIUS ORIENTATION

*DECHARGE

Distributes electric charges for piezoelectric analysis.

Pressure

OP

*DFLUX

Specify distributed fluxes in heat transfer or mass diffusion analyses.

Pressure

OP

*DISTRIBUTING

Define a distributing coupling constraint

Constraint

WEIGHTING METHOD = {UNIFORM, LINEAR, QUADRATIC, CUBIC}

*DISTRIBUTING COUPLING

Specify nodes and weighting for distributing coupling elements

See Elements.

MASS

*DLOAD

Specifies distributed loads

Pressure

AMPLITUDE LOADCASE CYCLIC MODE REGION TYPE = {LAGRANGIAN, SLIDING, EULERIAN} OP

*FILM

Define film coefficients and associated sink temperatures.

Pressure

AMPLITUDE FILM AMPLITUDE REGION TYPE = {LAGRANGIAN/ SLIDING, EULERIAN} OP

*KINEMATIC

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Define a kinematic coupling constraint

Multi-point Constraints

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*KINEMATIC COUPLING

Constrain all or specific degrees of freedom of a set of nodes to the rigid body motion of a reference node

Multi-point Constraints ORIENTATION

*MPC

Define multi-point constraints

Multi-point Constraints BEAM LINK See Elements. PIN

See Elements.

TIE *RADIATE

Specify radiation conditions in heat transfer analyses

Pressure

AMPLITUDE OP REGION TYPE (explicit)

*TEMPERATURE

Specifies predefined temperature field.

Temperature

AMPLITUDE BSTEP BINC ESTEP EINC INPUT FILE MIDSIDE OP

Actran

887

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

ACCELERATION

Boundary conditions

Face BC

ADMITTANCE

Boundary conditions

Face BC

DISPLACEMENT

Boundary conditions

Displacement

DISTRIBUTED_LOAD Boundary conditions

Face BC

DISTRIBUTED_PRES Boundary conditions

Face BC

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SURE DIV_TOTAL

Boundary conditions

Face BC

INFINITE ADMITTANCE

Boundary conditions

Face BC

POINT_LOAD

Boundary conditions

Load

PRESSURE

Boundary conditions

Pressure

VELOCITY

Boundary conditions

Face BC

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

BF

Defines a nodal body force load. Flux

ANSYS

Notes

FLUE and HGEN labels are

BF_FLUE

Flux

Supported under the Flux panel.

BF_HGEN

Flux

Supported under the Flux panel.

BF_TEMP

Temperatures

(Structural temperatures) label is supported under the Temperatures panel.

BFE_FLUE

Defines an element body force load

Flux

BFE_HGEN

Flux

BFE_TEMP

Flux

ConvBulkTe

Pressure

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ConvFilmCo D_CONSTRNT

Pressure Defines DOF constraints at nodes.

Constraint

D_TEMP

Temperature

D_VOLT

Constraint

F_FLOW

Specifies force loads at nodes.

F_HEAT FLOTRAN

Flux Flux

Specifies "FLOTRAN data settings" as the subsequent status topic.

Pressure

FLOTRAN surface load label “FSI [fluidstructure interaction flag]” is available under pressure load. You must use DOF1 to add value for this label.

FORCE

Selects the element nodal force Force type for output.

FORCE2

Moment

HFLUX

Pressure

IC_CONSTRN

Specifies initial conditions at nodes.

Constraint

IC_TEMP

Temperature

IC_VOLT

Constraint

PRESSURE

Pressure

SFE

Defines elemental surface load

Pressure, Convection, Heatflux

Structural, thermal and Fluid labels are covered

SFE

Surface load

Structural, thermal, and fluid

Structural label: PRES Thermal label: CONV, HLFUX

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Fluid label: FSI

LS-DYNA

Several load types cause three cards to be output for x, y, and z components. During input, these are grouped into one load. Loads cannot be applied to sets, components, or boxes. Load curves are input and output. Use the Card Editor to select load curves. Unless mentioned in the Notes column, load cards cannot be edited. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ NODE

Define an imposed nodal motion Constraints (velocity, acceleration, or Type 2; Card 26, VAD displacement) on a node or a =2 set of nodes. DEATH, BIRTH

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ NODE

Define an imposed nodal motion Velocity (velocity, acceleration, or Type 1; Card 26; displacement) on a node or a VAD = 0 set of nodes.

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ NODE

Define an imposed nodal motion Acceleration (velocity, acceleration, or Type 1 displacement) on a node or a set of nodes. Card 26 VAD = 1

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ NODE_(ID)

Velocity

*BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTI ON_ NODE_(ID)

Constraints

Notes

DOF 4, -4, 8, -8, 9, 9, 10, -10, 11, -11 are not supported

DOF 4, -4, 8, -8, 9, 9, 10, -10, 11, -11 are not supported

DOF 4, -4, 8, -8, 9, 9, 10, -10, 11, -11 are not supported

Type 2; Card 26, VAD =2 dynaName, DEATH, BIRTH

*BOUNDARY_SPC_ NODE

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Define nodal single point constraint

Constraints

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Type 1; Card 13 SPC CID *BOUNDARY_SPC_ NODE_ (ID)

Constraints

*BOUNDARY_ Define temperature boundary TEMPERATURE_NO conditions for a thermal or DE coupled thermal/structural analysis.

Temperature

*CONSTRAINED_GL OBAL

Constraints

Define a global boundary constraint plane.

LCID, LOC

*INITIAL_TEMPERAT Define initial nodal point URE_ temperatures using nodal set NODE IDs or node number.s

Temperatures

*INITIAL_VELOCITY

Type 2

Define initial nodal point translational velocities using nodal set IDs.

LOC

Card 30 INITV = 3

*INITIAL_VELOCITY_ Define initial nodal point NODE velocities for a node.

Rotation

*LOAD_BEAM_ELE MENT

Defines load on beam elements

Pressure

*LOAD_MASK

Apply a distributed pressure load over a three-dimensional shell part

n/a

*LOAD_NODE_POIN T

Apply a concentrated nodal force to a node or a set of nodes.

Force

*LOAD_NODE_POIN

891

dynaName, CID

Apply a concentrated nodal

Type 1; Card 23; Point Loads

For structured output, global velocity is set to 0.0. For structured input, nonzero values for INITV = 1 or INITV = 5 create velocities. INITV values of 2, 4, 6, and 7 are ignored.

LS-DYNA Load Configs 1, 2, 3 and 4

FollowerForce

A load curve can be selected for these loads.

Moment

LS-DYNA Load

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T

force to a node or a set of nodes.

Type 1

Configs 5, 6 7 and 8.

Card 23 Point Loads

*LOAD_SEGMENT

Apply the distributed pressure Pressure load over one triangular or quadrilateral segment defined by LCID, AT four, six or eight nodes.

*LOAD_SEGMENT_I D

Apply the distributed pressure Pressure load over one triangular or quadrilateral segment defined by LCID, AT four, six or eight nodes.

*LOAD_SHELL_ELE MENT

Apply the distributed pressure load over one shell element or shell element set.

Pressure

*LOAD_SHELL_ELE MENT_ ID

Apply the distributed pressure load over one shell element or shell element set.

Pressure

*LOAD_SHELL_ PRESSURE

Apply the distributed pressure load over one shell element or shell element set.

Pressure

AT, LCIDoption

LCID, AT

Type 2 Card 24 Pressure BC

*LOAD_THERMAL_ CONSTANT_NODE

Define nodal sets giving the temperature that remains constant for the duration of the calculation.

Temperature

*LOAD_THERMAL_ VARIABLE_NODE

Define nodal temperature that is Temperature variable during the calculation. TS, LCID

n/a

MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

CONSTRAINT. LINEAR

Linear constraint for FE nodes

Equation

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EDGE

Force Moment

ELEMENT_AC

Pressure

INITIAL.NODE_DISP

Initial nodal displacement

Constraints

INITIAL.NODE_VEL

Initial nodal velocity

Constraints

LOAD

Defined on the card of the applicable load type.

MOTION. NODE_DISP

Prescribed nodal displacement.

Constraints

MOTION.NODE_VEL

Prescribed nodal velocity.

Constraints

NODE

Time dependent point loads Force (forces and moments) applied to Moment nodes.

PRES SUPPORT

Defined on the card of the referenced JOINT.

Pressure Define which degrees of Constraints freedom of nodes are constrained, by supporting them on a rigid body or the reference space.

MARC

Supported Card

893

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

Disp_chang

Constraints

DIST_LOADS

Pressure

Fixed_Acce

Constraints

Fixed_Disp

Constraints

Fixed_Pres

Constraints

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FOUNDATION

Pressure

Init_Disp

Constraints

INITIAL_vel

Velocity

MOMENT

Moment

POINT_LOAD

Constraints

Nastran

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

ASET

Defines degrees-of-freedom in the analysis set (a-set)

Constraints

ASET1

Defines degrees-of-freedom in the analysis set (a-set)

Constraints

BNDFIX1

Constraints

BSET1

Defines analysis set (a-set) degrees-of-freedom to be fixed (b-set) during generalized dynamic reduction or component mode synthesis calculations.

CSET1

Defines analysis set (a-set) Constraints degrees-of-freedom to be free (c-set) during generalized dynamic reduction or component modes calculations.

DAREA

Defines scale (area) factors for static and dynamic loads. In dynamic analysis, DAREA is used in conjunction with RLOADi and TLOADi entries.

DEFORM

Defines enforced axial Flux deformation for one-dimensional elements for use in statics

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Notes

Constraints

Constraints

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problems. FORCE

Requests the form and type of element force output or particle velocity output in coupled fluidstructural analysis.

Force

MOMENT

Defines a static concentrated moment at a grid point by specifying a scale factor and a vector that determines the direction.

Moment

OMIT1

Defines degrees-of-freedom to be excluded (o-set) from the analysis set (a-set).

Constraints

PLOAD

Defines a uniform static pressure load on a triangular or quadrilateral surface comprised of surface elements and/or the faces of solid elements.

Pressure

PLOAD1

Defines concentrated, uniformly distributed, or linearly distributed applied loads to the CBAR or CBEAM elements at user-chosen points along the axis.

Pressure

PLOAD2

Defines a uniform static Pressure pressure load applied to CQUAD4, CSHEAR, or CTRIA3 two-dimensional elements.

The THRU field is supported for feinput only. On export, additional pressure cards for the range specified are written.

PLOAD4

Defines a pressure load on a face of a CHEXA, CPENTA, CTETRA, CTRIA3, CTRIA6, CTRIAR, CQUAD4, CQUAD8, or CQUADR element.

The THRU field is supported for feinput only. On export, additional pressure cards for the range specified are written.

Pressure

Unequal nodal pressures are now supported. The average pressure

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value is used as the magnitude of the pressure for visualization only. The individual field values, P1-P4, can be viewed or edited using the card editor. Updating the magnitude of pressure from the Pressures panel will have no effect on PLOAD4 cards defined using unequal nodal pressures. QBDY1

Defines a uniform heat flux into CHBDYj elements.

Flux

QSET1

Defines generalized degrees-offreedom (q-set) to be used for generalized dynamic reduction or component mode synthesis.

Constraints

QVOL

Volume Heat Addition - Defines a rate of volumetric heat addition in a conduction element.

Flux

SPC

Defines a set of single-point Constraints constraints and enforced motion (enforced displacements in static analysis and enforced displacements, velocities or acceleration in dynamic analysis).

Constraints on nodes are supported through SPC cards. PS field in GRID card is not supported. Upon import, any PS entry on the GRID card will be converted into an SPC card.

SPC1

Defines a set of single-point constraints.

Supported for feinput only. On export, equivalent SPC cards are written. Alternate format with THRU in the fifth field is supported.

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SPCD

Defines an enforced displacement value for static analysis and an enforced motion value (displacement, velocity or acceleration) in dynamic analysis.

Constraints

SUPORT

Defines determinate reaction degrees-of-freedom in a free body.

Constraints

SUPORT1

Defines determinate reaction degrees-of-freedom (r-set) in a free body-analysis. SUPORT1 must be requested by the SUPORT1 Case Control command.

Constraints

TIC(D)

Transient Initial Condition Defines values for the initial conditions of variables used in structural transient analysis.

Constraints

TIC(V)

Transient Initial Condition Defines values for the initial conditions of variables used in structural transient analysis.

Constraints

TEMP

Defines temperature at grid points for determination of thermal loading, temperaturedependent material properties, or stress recovery.

Temperatures

USET

Defines a degree-of-freedom set.

Constraints

USET1

Defines a degrees-of-freedom set.

Constraints

Note:

Other loads such as SPCADD, MPCADD, FREQ, FREQ1, EIGR, EIGRL, EIGC, EIGP, EIGB, GRAV, and RFORCE are supported as load collectors.

PAM-CRASH 2G

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

Notes

ACC3D /

Imposed accelerations

Acceleration

Acceleration type can be specified in the Acceleration panel.

BOUNC /

Define boundary condition

Constraints

CONLO /

Concentrated nodal load

Force(1)

DIS3D /

Imposed displacement

Constraints

DIS3DM /

Imposed minimum displacement

Constraints

DIS3DX /

Imposed maximum displacement

Constraints

INVEL /

Define initial velocity

Velocity

PREFA /

Pressure on shells

Pressure(1)

RAC3D /

Imposed rotational acceleration

Acceleration

RAN3D /

Imposed angular rotations

Constraints

RDA3D /

Radial 3D boundary conditions

Acceleration

RDD3D /

Acceleration type can be specified in the Acceleration panel.

Acceleration type can be specified in the Acceleration panel.

Constraints

RDV3D /

Radial 3D boundary conditions

Velocity

RVE3D /

Imposed rotational velocities

Velocity

RWALL /

Rigid wall definition

SECFO_PLANE /

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VEL3D /

Imposed velocities

Velocity

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

Notes

$ADDMODES

Definition of static mode shapes to be added to the set of eigenmodes used for transformation to modal space.

Constraints

If static mode shapes will be added directly to nodes or nodesets (SOURCE=INPUT), the $ADDMODES can be created through the Constraints panel.

PERMAS

Click sysid to specify the system regarding to which the modes shall be applied. Use the DOFTYPE button to select an option: DISP, TEMP, PRES, POTE and MATH.

899

$ADDMODES

Definition of static mode shapes to be added to the set of eigenmodes used for transformation to modal space.

Pressure

$CONLOAD

Definition of concentrated loads Force at nodal point degrees of freedom.

$CONLOAD

Definition of concentrated loads Moment at nodal point degrees of freedom.

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If mode shapes will be applied based on the natural deformation of elements (SOURCE=INPUT) the $ADDMODES keyword needs to be created here.

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$DISLOAD PRESS

Definition of pressure loads for elements, where loads are given for elements or element sets.

Pressure

$DISLOAD TEMP

Nodal temperatures defined on elements or element sets.

Pressure

$DISLOAD TEMPFILM

Surrounding temperatures for Pressure convective heat transfer applied on elements or element sets.

$DISLOADN TEMP

Nodal temperatures definition applied on nodes or node sets

$DISLOADN TEMPFILM

Surrounding temperatures for Temperature convective heat transfer applied on nodes or node sets.

$INIVAL

Definition of initial values for Constraints nodal point degrees of freedom.

For $INIVAL source parameter INPUT is currently supported to specify the initial values based on nodal points.

$INERTIA

Definition of inertia forces acting Pressure on entire component or element sets. Available are force distributions due to linear acceleration, constant or accelerated rotation and coriolis acceleration.

Only ACCELERATION and GRAVITY are supported. This card is created in the Pressure panel. Assign to a set of elements, and the set statement displays in the card image. To create the card without a set, create a pressure on a 'dummy' element; the card will be created without a set and can be applied to the whole model.

$INERTIAX

Definition of inertia forces acting Pressure on entire axisymmetric component or element sets.

Only ACCELERATION and GRAVITY are

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Temperature

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Available are force distributions due to linear acceleration and constant rotation.

$MPC Multipoint constraint definition. GENERAL/$MPCVAL

supported. This card is created in the Pressure panel. Assign to a set of elements, and the set statement displays in the card image. To create the card without a set, create a pressure on a 'dummy' element; the card will be created without a set and can be applied to the whole model. Equation

Both cards are created simultaneously in the Equation panel. The equation needs to be placed into a load collector with card image SUPRESS. By attaching the load collector to a load step with ‘CONSTRAINTS’ attribute set, the $MPCVAL card gets written in the desired $CONSTRAINTS variant.

$PRESCRIBE/ PREVAL

Prescribed degrees of freedom/ Nodal point values (implemented as HyperMesh constraints)

Constraints

$SUPPRESS

Suppressed degrees of freedom Constraints

Samcef

The following cards are supported in the Samcef interface:

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

.CLM FIX

Defines a set of single-point constraints

CONSTRAINT

.CLM DEP

Defines sets of enforced displacements

CONSTRAINT

.CLM CHA COMP 123

Defines a static force at a grid FORCE point by specifying a vector and a value.

Notes

.CLM FOL COMP 123 Defines a follower force at a grid FORCE point by specifying a vector and a value .CLM CHA COMP 456

Defines a static moment at a MOMENT grid point by specifying a vector and a value.

.CLM FOL COMP 456 Defines a follower moment by specifying a vector and a value

MOMENT

.CLM PRESSURE

PRESSURE

Defines a static pressure load on any elements type

See also Include Files Load Collectors

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Accelerations Acceleration loads allow for an acceleration (length/time2) to be defined on the model. The following panels can be used to create and edit accelerations: Accels Load Types

The data names associated with acceleration loads can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Load Collectors Loads

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Constraints Constraints allow for constrained degrees of freedom to be defined on the model. The following panels can be used to create and edit constraints: Constraints Load Types

The data names associated with constraint loads can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Load Collectors Loads

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Fluxes Flux loads are defined as an amount that flows through a unit area per unit time (amount/length2/time). Fluxes are typically used in modeling transport phenomena such as heat transfer, mass transfer, fluid dynamics, and electromagnetism. The following panels can be used to create and edit fluxes: Flux Load Types

The data names associated with flux loads can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Load Collectors Loads

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Forces Force loads allow for a concentrated force (mass*length/time2) to be applied to the model. The following panels can be used to create and edit forces: Forces Load Types

The data names associated with force loads can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Load Collectors Loads

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Moments Moment loads allow for a concentrated moment (length*force) to be applied to the model. The following panels can be used to create and edit moments: Moments Load Types

The data names associated with moment loads can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Load Collectors Loads

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Pressures Pressure loads allow for a pressure (force*length2) to be applied to the model. The following panels can be used to create and edit pressures: Pressures Load Types

The data names associated with pressure loads can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Load Collectors Loads

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Temperatures Temperature loads allow for a concentrated temperature to be applied to the model. The following panels can be used to create and edit temperatures: Temperatures Load Types

The data names associated with temperature loads can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Load Collectors Loads

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Velocities Velocity loads allow for a velocity (length/time) to be applied to the model. The following panels can be used to create and edit velocities: Velocities Load Types

The data names associated with velocity loads can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Load Collectors Loads

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Equations Equation entities contain mathematical equations that define more complex loads. They are used to define linear constraints in local and global coordinate systems. The following panels can be used to create and edit equations: Equations Load Types

The data names associated with equation loads can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

Solver Card Support for Equations RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

MPC

Defines a multipoint constraint equation of the form.

Equation

Notes

Abaqus

Each load or constraint must belong to a load collector. Loads or constraints in history data (under *STEP) should be organized into load collectors with HISTORY card image. These load collectors need to be added to a load step from the Load Steps panel. Loads or constraints in model data, however, should be organized into load collectors with the INITIAL_CONDITION card image. These load collectors do not need to be added to a load step. All Loads and Boundary conditions are recommended to be defined from the Step Manager in the Abaqus user profile. Note:

911

If a **HMLOAD_SETS_EXPAND comment is found in the input file, all loads and boundary conditions on sets are expanded to individual nodes and elements.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

Supported Parameters

*EQUATION

Define linear multi-point constraints

Equations

Explicit node IDs are supported. Node sets

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are not supported. Equations are considered as loads and therefore, they are collected in load collectors. Upon export, they write to the bulk data portion of the Abaqus deck.

ANSYS

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

CE

Defines a constraint equation relating to degrees of freedom.

Equation

Notes

LS-DYNA

Several load types cause three cards to be output for x, y, and z components. During input, these are grouped into one load. Loads cannot be applied to sets, components, or boxes. Load curves are input and output. Use the Card Editor to select load curves. Load cards cannot be edited.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

*CONSTRAINED_LIN EAR

Define linear constraint equations between displacements and rotations, which can be defined in a local coordinate system.

Equations

*CONSTRAINED_LIN EAR_ GLOBAL

Define linear constraint equations between displacements and rotations, which can be defined in global

Equations

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Notes

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coordinate systems.

MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

Notes

CONSTRAINT. LINEAR

Linear constraint for FE nodes.

independent node + dependent nodes = references to nodes representing GROUP_LIST

In the Element Types panel, select CONSTRAINT for element type = rigid.

dof1 = dof2 = dof3 = dof4 = dof5 = dof6 = EQUATION.MASTER Dependent part of linear constraint equation (eliminated degree of freedom).

DOF_DX DOF_DY DOF_DZ DOF_RX DOF_RY DOF_RZ

node = NODE_ID Select: dof1 for DIRECTION = D1 dof2 for DIRECTION = D2 dof3 for DIRECTION= D3 dof4 for DIRECTION = R1 dof5 for DIRECTION = R2 dof6 for DIRECTION = R3 or an arbitrary DOF for DIRECTION = ALL

Select set all DOFs of MASTER NODE equal to the corresponding DOFs of the SLAVE NODE(s) for DIRECTION = ALL.

w = FACTOR EQUATION.SLAVE

Independent part linear constraint equation (retained degrees of freedom).

Equations nodes = NODE_ID Select: dof1 for DIRECTION = D1 dof2 for DIRECTION =

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Select set all DOFs of MASTER NODE equal to the corresponding DOFs of the SLAVE NODE(s) for DIRECTION = ALL.

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D2 dof3 for DIRECTION = D3 dof4 for DIRECTION = R1 dof5 for DIRECTION = R2 dof6 for DIRECTION = R3. w = FACTOR constant is not used Each unique combination of a node and a DOF represents one EQUATION. SLAVE.

Nastran

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

Notes

MPC

Defines a multipoint constraint equation of the form.

Equation

Individual weight factors can be created on the nodes of an MPC equation using the update functionality in the Equations panel.

Note:

Other loads such as SPCADD, MPCADD, FREQ, FREQ1, EIGR, EIGRL, EIGC, EIGP, EIGB, GRAV, and RFORCE are supported as load collectors.

Permas

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Load Types

Notes

MPC GENERAL

General linear constraint equation

Equation

For more information on MPC cards and using duplicate ID pools, see the Permas Interface

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Overview topic.

See also Include Files Load Collectors

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System Collectors System collectors collect and organize systems. System collectors are created, edited, and deleted from the Model Browser and are shown under the SystemCollector folder. Systems can be organized into a system collector using the Organize panel. Every system must be organized into one, and only one, system collector and therefore are mutually exclusive to a system collector. Newly created systems are automatically organized into the current system collector. The current system collector is shown bold in the Model Browser. The current system collector can be set using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on a selected system collector within the SystemCollector folder. System collectors can also be card edited using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on selected system collectors. System collectors have a display state, on or off, which control the display of all systems organized within the system collector in the graphics area. The display state of a system collector can be controlled using the icons next to the system collector in the Model Browser. System collectors also have an active and export state. The active state of a system collector controls the display state of the system collector and the listing of the system collector in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a system collector is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a system collector is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. If a find operation "finds" an inactive system collector, that system collector will automatically be set to active. The export state of a system collector controls whether or not that system collector and all systems organized within the system collector are exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a system collector. The active and export states of system collectors can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. Operations performed on a system collector affect systems within the system collector. For example, if you delete a system collector, the systems within the system collector are also deleted. The data names associated with system collectors can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for System Collectors RADIOSS (Block Format)

The supported RADIOSS cards in RADIOSS (Block Format) 100 are listed below. You can quickly create these cards by right-clicking in the Solver Browser and selecting Create Cards. Supported Card

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Solver Description

Supported Parameters

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/TRANSFORM/ROT

Defines rotational transformation on the node set.

/TRANSFORM/TRA

Defines translational transformation on the node set.

/TRANSFORM/SCA

Defines scaling transformation on the node set.

/TRANSFORM/SYM

Defines symmetry transformation on the node set.

LS-DYNA

The system collector cards can be previewed, but not edited. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*DEFINE_ Define a transformation for the OPTION (SCALE, ROTATE, TRANSL) TRANSFORMATION INCLUDE_TRANSFORM keyword option. A1, A2, A3 Title

Notes

Transformations can be created using the Transformation Manager .

NumDatalines *INCLUDE_TRANSF Include file that supports ORM offset on its content IDs and transforms on its contents.

FILENAME

*NODE_TRANSFOR Transformation defined on M node set

TRSID, NSID

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IDNOFF, IDEOFF, IDPOFF, IDMOFF, IDSOFF, IDFOFF, IDDOFF, IDROFF, FCTMAS, FCTTIM, FCTLEN, FCTTEM, INCOUT, TRANID

HyperMesh support offset on the entity ID's. During import, offsets are applied on to the ID's of the corresponding include_transform file contents. During export, offset is subtracted from the ID's. The current release only supports Input and output therefore the offsets cannot be changed. Transformations can be created using the

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Title

Transformation Manager .

Supported Parameters

Notes

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Card

Solver Description

TRANSFORMATION /

NAME, Selection, Keyword, D, X, Y, Z, N1, N2 NumDatalines

See also Model Browser Organize panel Entity State Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files

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Systems System entities, commonly called coordinate systems, can be defined as rectangular, cylindrical, or spherical coordinate systems. Several systems may be nested. There are two types of system assignments to entities; as a reference system, or as a displacement system. A system may be a reference system, a displacement system, or both. A reference system is used to define the geometric positions of entities. Entities that can be assigned a reference system include systems, nodes, and loads. By default, each of these entities is defined in the global system with an ID of zero. Entity data is always displayed and reviewed transformed into the global system. When a reference system is deleted, the position of the entity assigned that reference system is maintained relative to the global system in the transformation process. For example, if you define the nodes of a cylindrical structure in a cylindrical reference coordinate system, and then delete the cylindrical reference coordinate system in which the nodes are defined, the model retains its cylindrical shape and also its location in space but is now referenced to the global system. A displacement system is used to define the nodal degree of freedom coordinate system assigned to a node. The only entity that may be assigned a displacement system is a node. When you delete a displacement system, the nodal degrees of freedom are not transformed to the global system, so all degree of freedom definitions after the deletion of the displacement system are now simply in the global system. The data names associated with systems can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit systems: Systems

Solver Card Support for Systems RADIOSS (Block Format)

The supported RADIOSS cards in RADIOSS (Block Format) 100 are listed below. You can quickly create these cards by right-clicking in the Solver Browser and selecting Create Cards. Supported Card

Solver Description

/FRAME/FIX

Describes the frames.

/FRAME/MOV

Describes the moving frames. Relative motion with respect to a reference frame.

/FRAME/MOV2

System definition with Z axis and YZ plane.

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Supported Parameters

Notes

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/FRAME/NOD

Describes the node defined moving frame.

/SKEW/FIX

Describes the fixed skew frames.

/SKEW/MOV

Describes the moving skew frames.

/SKEW/MOV2

System definition with Z axis and YZ plane.

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

The Systems panel offers two methods to create local coordinate systems, working with the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile as follows:

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

CORD1C

Defines a cylindrical coordinate system by referencing three grid points. The first point is the origin, the second lies on the z-axis, and the third lies in the plane of the azimuthal origin.

This type of system is created from the create by node reference subpanel when cylindrical is the chosen type.

CORD1R

Defines a rectangular coordinate system by reference to three grid points. The first point is the origin, the second lies on the z-axis, and the third lies on the x-z plane.

This type of system is created from the create by node reference subpanel when rectangular is the chosen type.

CORD1S

Defines a spherical coordinate system by reference to three grid points. The first point is the origin, the second lies on the polar axis, and the third lies on the plane of the azimuthal origin.

This type of system is created from the create by node reference subpanel when spherical is the chosen type.

CORD2C

Defines a cylindrical

This type of system is

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CORD2R

CORD2S

CORD3R

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coordinate system by reference to the coordinates of three grid points. The first point defines the origin. The second point defines the direction of the z-axis. The third lies in the plane of the azimuthal origin.

created from the create by axis direction subpanel when cylindrical is the chosen type.

Defines a rectangular coordinate system by reference to the coordinates of three points. The first point defines the origin. The second defines the direction of the z-axis. The third point defines a vector, which, with the z-axis, defines the x-z plane.

This type of system is created from the create by axis direction subpanel when rectangular is the chosen type.

Defines a spherical coordinate system by reference to the coordinates of three points. The first point defines the origin. The second point defines the direction of the zaxis. The third lies in the plane of the azimuthal origin.

This type of system is created from the create by axis direction subpanel when spherical is the chosen type.

Defines a rectangular coordinate system by

This type of system is created from the create

HyperMesh allows various combinations of axes and planes to be indicated in the create by axis direction subpanel, but will write out the appropriate coordinates to define the z- axis and the x-z plane.

HyperMesh allows various combinations of axes and planes to be indicated in the create by axis direction subpanel, but will write out the appropriate coordinates to define the z- axis and the x-z plane.

HyperMesh allows various combinations of axes and planes to be indicated in the create by axis direction subpanel, but will write out the appropriate coordinates to define the z- axis and the x-z plane.

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CORD4R

reference to three points. The first point is the origin, the second lies on the x-axis, and the third lies on the xy plane.

by node reference subpanel when rectangular is the chosen type.

Defines a rectangular coordinate system by reference to the coordinates of three points. The first point is the origin, the second lies on the x-axis, and the third lies on the xy plane.

This type of system is created from the create by axis direction subpanel when rectangular is the chosen type. HyperMesh allows various combinations of axes and planes to be indicated in the create by axis direction subpanel, but will write out the appropriate coordinates to define the z- axis and the x-z plane. Editing the card image for a CORD2R will allow users to define a CORD4R.

RADIOSS (Fixed Format)

RADIOSS (Fixed Format) system formulations, or skew frames, are read into HyperMesh. Defined coordinate systems using three nodes or two vectors are converted to use three points. This is based on the RADIOSS (Fixed Format) definition of those coordinate systems. Non-unit vectors can be input in the data deck. HyperMesh computes the coordinate system from vectors 1 and 2, which are supplied. Vector 2 may be stored differently than the way vector 1 is stored. Vectors 1 and 2 form an orthogonal system. HyperMesh stores the vector 2 equivalent to the vector 2 supplied through the data file. When Imove equals one, the system is defined by 3 nodes. This is not supported. In the translator, the system is computed from the nodes and exported as vectors 1 and 2 with node ID attributes. Check this data before using it, as the updates made in the card previewer do not update the system. A warning message is displayed if this occurs. Modifying the interface allows HyperMesh to display the vector orientation along corresponding X, Y, and Z directions.

Abaqus

The coordinate systems are defined from the Systems panels. A system can be exported as a

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*SYSTEM or *TRANSFORM card depending on the nodal assignment of the system. To export an *ORIENTATION card it is required to enable the option in the card image of the system card. The following Abaqus (system) keywords are supported: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*ORIENTATION

Define a local axis system for material or element property definition, for kinematic coupling constraints, for free directions for inertia relief loads, or for connectors

LOCAL DIRECTIONS

The *ORIENTATION card needs a name in Abaqus. Since systems do not have a name, a name needs to be entered in the system card image. The restriction of one system per system collector has been removed with version 10.0 – SA1-130.

NAME SYSTEM DEFINITION = COORDINATES /NODES

DEFINITION = NODES option with only two nodes is converted to DEFINITION=COORDINAT ES upon import from an input file. *ORIENTATION with SYSTEM = Z RECTANGULAR is converted to RECTANGULAR upon import from an input file. *SYSTEM

Specify a local coordinate system in which to define nodes

*TRANSFORM

Specify a local coordinate system at nodes.

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Whenever a system is assigned to nodes with the set reference option from the Systems panel activated, a *SYSTEM card is exported before the node block of its assignment. TYPE

If assigned to individual nodes, on export each *TRANSFORM card creates references to an automatically generated *NSET card. This *NSET card is followed by the list of the nodes that are

NSET

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assigned to the coordinate system with the set displacement option. Systems can be assigned to node sets with the same assignment procedure.

ANSYS

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

LOCAL

Defines a local coordinate system by location and orientation.

KCN, KCS, XC, YC, ZC, THXY, THYZ, THZX, PAR1, PAR2

Even if KCN>10, 10 is added to the current value.

LOCAL

Defines a local coordinate system by location and orientation.

R5.0, Type, NCSY, CSYTYP, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3

Type = PRM not supported

Supported Parameters

Notes

LS-DYNA

The systems cards can be previewed, but not edited. Supported Card

Solver Description

*DEFINE_COORDIN Define a local coordinate ATE_ system with three nodes. NODES *DEFINE_COORDIN Define a local coordinate ATE_ system with three points. SYSTEM *DEFINE_COORDIN Define a local coordinate ATE_ system with two vectors. VECTOR

MADYMO

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Supported Card

Solver Description

FE_CRDSYS

Coordinate system for FE elements.

ORIENTATION. MATRIX

Orientation defined by the direction cosine matrix.

ORIENTATION. SCREW_AXIS

Orientation defined by a screw axis and a rotation angle.

Supported Parameters

Notes

NAME, Xaxis, Yaxis, Zaxis, inputsystemid, Xglobal, Yglobal, Zglobal, Xpos, Ypos, Zpos

Use either the create or create dependent method to create this type of element. To define a coordinate system relative to another coordinate system (e.g. an ORIENT_INERTIA relative to the body local system of a BODY.RIGID) use the assign method: choose systs and select the child coordinate system(s), select the parent coordinate system, and click set reference. Use either the create or create dependent method to create this type of element. To define a coordinate system relative to another coordinate system (e.g. an ORIENT_INERTIA relative to the body local system of a BODY.RIGID) use the assign method: choose systs and select the child coordinate system(s), select the parent coordinate system, and click set reference.

ORIENTATION. Orientation defined by up to SUCCESSIVE_ROT three successive rotations.

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Use either the create or create dependent method to create this type of element. To define a coordinate system relative to another coordinate system (e.g. an ORIENT_INERTIA relative

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to the body local system of a BODY.RIGID) use the assign method: choose systs and select the child coordinate system(s), select the parent coordinate system, and click set reference. ORIENTATION. VECTOR

Orientation defined by two vectors.

Use either the create or create dependent method to create this type of element. To define a coordinate system relative to another coordinate system (e.g. an ORIENT_INERTIA relative to the body local system of a BODY.RIGID) use the assign method: choose systs and select the child coordinate system(s), select the parent coordinate system, and click set reference.

Nastran

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

CORD1R

Defines a rectangular coordinate system using three grid points.

N/A

CORD2R

Defines a rectangular coordinate system using the coordinates of three points.

N/A

CORD1C

Defines a cylindrical coordinate system using three grid points.

N/A

CORD2C

Defines a cylindrical coordinate system using the

N/A

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coordinates of three points . CORD1S

Defines a spherical coordinate N/A system by reference to three grid points.

CORD2S

Defines a spherical coordinate N/A system using the coordinates of three points.

PAM-CRASH

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

FRAME /

Local frame definition system collectors

PAM-CRASH frames are placed in the system collector FRAME_systcol.

FRAME /

Local frame definition - system

If a base node is not given, the THLOC card (which refers to FRAME) is used as the base node. If a base node is not found, the first node is used as the base node.

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Card

Solver Description

FRAME /

Local frame definition system collectors

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Supported Parameters

Notes

If there is a $HMMOVE directive found for a system and that system collector exists in the model, the system is placed in that collector. Otherwise, a separate system collector is made for the frame.

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FRAME /

Local frame definition systems

NAME, NODS Frame Update Options (Initial Orientation Rotates with Attached Entity, Fixed Orientation, Self-Rotating Orientation)

If a base node is not given, system is created at the global origin 0, 0, 0. In case of frame definition with nodes, system is created at the first node.

Frame Axis Definitions (Via 2 Vectors, Via 3 Nodes) TRSFM /

Select elements and nodes subject to transformation

NAME, Selection, Keyword, D, X, Y, Z, N1, N2 NumDatalines

PERMAS

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

$RSYS

Reference system

{CART|CYL| SPHERE}

Assign the system to nodes to write the RSYS parameter in to the nodal coordinates card $COORD

$ROTB

Analysis or displacement system assigned to nodes

RSYS

Assign a system as displacement system to nodes to receive this card.

Samcef

The following cards are supported in the Samcef interface:

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

.FRA

Coordinate system definition

Frame type: Cartesian, I frame_nr TYPE Cylindrical, Spherical chosen_frame_type ORIGIN frame_origin V1 axis_definition V2 axis_definition V3 axis_definition

See also Include Files System Collectors

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Vector Collectors Vector collectors collect and organize vectors. Vector collectors are created, edited, and deleted from the Model Browser and are shown under the VectorCollector folder. Vectors can be organized into a vector collector using the Organize panel. Every vector must be organized into one, and only one, vector collector and therefore are mutually exclusive to a vector collector. Newly created vectors are automatically organized into the current vector collector. The current vector collector is shown bold in the Model Browser. The current vector collector can be set using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on a selected vector collector within the VectorCollector folder. Vector collectors can also be card edited using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on selected vector collectors. Vector collectors have a display state, on or off, which control the display of all vectors organized within the vector collector in the graphics area. The display state of a vector collector can be controlled using the icons next to the vector collector in the Model Browser. Vector collectors also have an active and export state. The active state of a vector collector controls the display state of the vector collector and the listing of the vector collector in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a vector collector is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a vector collector is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. If a find operation "finds" an inactive vector collector, that vector collector will automatically be set to active. The export state of a vector collector controls whether or not that vector collector and all vectors organized within the vector collector are exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a vector collector. The active and export states of vector collectors can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. Operations performed on a vector collector affect vectors within the vector collector. For example, if you delete a vector collector, the vectors within the vector collector are also deleted. The data names associated with vector collectors can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for Vector Collectors MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

INFLATOR

card image = INFLATOR

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Supported Parameters

Notes

AIRBAG_CHAMBER = reference to the parent element.

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Choose the kind of gas mixture composition ( FIXED or VARIABLE). For a variable gas mixture, Type the number of time steps (i.e. the number of related GAS_MIXTURE_VARIAB LE elements). Type the number of gas fractions in the gas mixture (i.e. the number of related GAS_FRACTION elements). INFLATOR.CHAR

Inflator characteristic

ID, NAME, POLYTROPIC_CON STANT, MASS_FLOW_RATE _FUNC, TEMP_FUNC, EXIT_PRES_FUNC, ASSEMBLY INTERPOLATION, X_SCALE, Y_SCALE, X_SHIFT, Y_SHIFT GAS MIXTURE composition (CONSTANT, VARIABLE) NR_OF_GAS_FRAC TIONS

INFLATOR.DEF

Injection of gas (mixture) into an airbag chamber.

ID, NAME, AIRBAG CHAMBER, POLYTROPIC_CON STANT, SWITCH, MASS_FLOW_RATE _FUNC, TEMP_FUNC, EXIT_PRES_FUNC INTERPOLATION, X_SCALE, Y_SCALE, X_SHIFT,

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Y_SHIFT GAS MIXTURE composition (CONSTANT, VARIABLE) NR_OF_GAS_FRAC TIONS INFLATOR.REF

Injection of gas (mixture) into an airbag chamber with includable characteristics.

JET

Gas jet type

ID, NAME, AIRBAG_CHAMBER , INFLATOR_CHAR, SWITCH

Nastran

Vector collectors are used to group vectors. For Nastran, vectors can be used to define orientation directions for some 1-D elements and forces, or to define the SNORM card. For orientation vectors, it is not necessary to load any card image data onto the vector collector. For SNORM vectors, you must load the SNORM card image onto the vector collector. Once this is done, all vectors organized into that vector collector will write out as SNORM vectors to the Nastran bulk data file. Supported Card

Solver Description

SNORM

Defines a surface normal vector at a grid point for CQUAD4, CQUADR, CTRIA3, and CTRIAR shell elements.

Supported Parameters

Notes

There is no card image associated with the collector. In order to view the actual SNORM cards, each vector must be individually card edited. Loading the SNORM card image onto the collector assigns the SNORM type onto all of the vectors contained in that collector.

PAM-CRASH 2G

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

lnilev, Maxlev

ADAPT /

Selection PICK /

SUBDF /

TITLE, RESTART_FILE, mppNpic, TIME_PICK, PartSet Substructure definition

IDEF, DTSUB, IFRAM, TITLE, SUBDFELEM, IFLAG_OPT

See also Model Browser Organize panel Entity State Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files

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Vectors Vector entities in HyperMesh allow for the definition of a vector in 3D space. Vectors can be created using three methods; base & magnitude, two nodes, or cross-product. The following panels can be used to create and edit vectors: Vectors

The data names associated with vectors can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

Solver Card Support for Vector Collectors LS-DYNA

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*DEFINE_SD_ORIEN Define orientation vectors for TATION discrete springs and dampers. *DEFINE_VECTOR

Define a vector by defining the coordinates of two points.

See also Include Files Vector Collectors

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Beamsection Collectors Beamsection collectors collect and organize beamsections and are used in HyperBeam to organize 1D beam section data. Beamsection collectors are created, edited, and deleted from HyperBeam or the Model Browser and are shown under the BeamSectionCollector folder. Beamsections can be organized into a beamsection collector using HyperBeam or the Organize panel. Every beamsection must be organized into one, and only one, beamsection collector and therefore are mutually exclusive to a beamsection collector. Newly created beamsections are automatically organized into the current beamsection collector. The current beamsection collector is shown bold in the Model Browser. The current beamsection collector can be set using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on a selected beamsection collector within the BeamsectionCollector folder. Beamsection collectors can also be card edited using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on selected beamsection collectors. Beamsection collectors have an active and export state. The active state of a beamsection collector controls the listing of the beamsection collector in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a beamsection collector is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a beamsection collector is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a beamsection collector controls whether or not that beamsection collector and all beamsections organized within the beamsection collector are exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a beamsection collector. The active and export states of beamsection collectors can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. Operations performed on a beamsection collector affect beamsections within the beamsection collector. For example, if you delete a beamsection collector, the beamsections within the beamsection collector are also deleted. The data names associated with beamsection collectors can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for Beamsection Collectors ANSYS

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

SECCONTROLS

Overrides program calculated properties.

VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7

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SECDATA

Describes the geometry of a section

Geometrical data for the section types supported by SECTYPE.

SECOFFSET

Defines the section offset for cross sections.

CENT, SHRC, ORIGIN, or USER.

SECTYPE

Associates section type information with a section ID number.

SUBTYPE (RECT, QUAD, CSOLID, CTUBE, CHAN, I, Z, L, T, HATS, HREC, ASEC), SECNAME.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

ANIMATION

Output activation and format/ file selection for kinematic animation output.

EXTENDED, WRITE_COG_MARK ER, WRITE_FORMAT

COUPLING_BODY

Data of MADYMO bodies to be transferred to the external coupled program for contact evaluation by the external program.

EXTERNAL_REF, BODY, EXTERNAL_DATA

COUPLING_SURFA CE

Data of planes, hyperEXTERNAL_REF, ellipsoids and hyper-cylinders SURFACE to be transferred. ELLIPSOID, EXTERNAL_DATA, SURFACE type

MADYMO

Notes

NR_OF_EXTERNAL_DAT A_S = array size of EXTERNAL_DATA

First choose the type of SURFACE to be referenced, then select the actual SURFACE (ellipsoid or mbplane).

NR_OF_EXTERNAL_DAT NR_OF_EXTERNAL_ A_S = array size of DATA_S EXTERNAL_DATA MOTION_STRUCT_ FE

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Activation of structural motion FE_MODEL output. elements in MOTION_STRUCT_ OUTPUT_LIST (ALL, NONE, SELECT)

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PRINT_MARKER

Activation of writing marker data to the KIN3 file.

PRINT_OUTPUT_FE Activates output for a certain FE model.

SYSTEM

Although NONE is the initial value for the elements in MARKER_OUTPUT_LIST MARKER_OUTPUT_ when creating a LIST (ALL, NONE, PRINT_MARKER, it is not SELECT) a legal value. Either select the elements in the MARKER_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_MARKER_OUTP UTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_MARKER to each MARKER_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the MARKER_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL. FE_MODEL

Either SELECT the elements in the elements in AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT AIRBAG_CHAMBER PUT_LIST by setting the _OUTPUT_LIST NR_OF_AIRBAG_CHAMB (ALL, NONE, ER_OUTPUTS and SELECT) assigning outputblocks of type elements in ELEMENT_OUTPUT OUTPUT_AIRBAG_CHAM _LIST (ALL, NONE, BER to each AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT SELECT) PUT button, or set the elements in the elements in ELEMENT_INITIAL_ AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT OUTPUT_LIST (ALL, PUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of an NONE, SELECT) AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT elements in PUT_LIST by leaving the NODE_OUTPUT_LIS elements in the T (ALL, NONE, AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT SELECT) PUT_LIST to be NONE. elements in NODE_INITIAL_LIST (ALL, NONE, SELECT)

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Either SELECT the elements in the ELEMENT_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_ELEMENT_OUTP UTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_ELEMENT to

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each ELEMENT_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the ELEMENT_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a ELEMENT_OUTPUT_LIST by leaving the elements in the ELEMENT_OUTPUT_LIST to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the ELEMENT_INITIAL_OUTP UT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_ELEMENT_INITIA L_OUTPUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_ELEMENT_INITI AL to each ELEMENT_INITIAL_OUTP UT button, or set the elements in the ELEMENT_INITIAL_OUTP UT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a ELEMENT_INITIAL_OUTP UT_LIST by leaving the elements in the ELEMENT_INITIAL_OUTP UT_LIST to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the NODE_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_NODE_OUTPUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_NODE to each NODE_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the NODE_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a NODE_OUTPUT_LIST by leaving the elements in the NODE_OUTPUT_LIST to

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be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the NODE_INITIAL_OUTPUT_ LIST by setting the NR_OF_NODE_INITIAL_O UTPUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_NODE_INITIAL to each NODE_INITIAL_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the NODE_INITIAL_OUTPUT_ LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a NODE_INITIAL_OUTPUT_ LIST by leaving the elements in the NODE_INITIAL_OUTPUT_ LIST to be NONE. RESULT_ANIMATIO Activation of FE animation N_FE output file.

FE_MODEL, WRITE_FORMAT

Either SELECT the elements in the ANIMATION_OUTPUT_LIS elements in T by setting the ANIMATION_OUTPU NR_OF_ANIMATION_OUT T_LIST (ALL, NONE, PUTS and assigning SELECT) outputblocks of type OUTPUT_ANIMATION to elements in ANIMATION_GF_OU each ANIMATION_OUTPUT TPUT_ button, or set the elements LIST (ALL, NONE, in the SELECT) ANIMATION_OUTPUT_LIS T to be ALL, or indicate the absence of an ANIMATION_OUTPUT_LIS T by leaving the elements in the ANIMATION_OUTPUT_LIS T to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the ANIMATION_GF_OUTPUT _LIST by setting the NR_OF_ANIMATION_GF_ OUTPUTS and assigning

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outputblocks of type OUTPUT_ANIMATION_GF to each ANIMATION_GF_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the ANIMATION_GF_OUTPUT _LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of an ANIMATION_GF_OUTPUT _LIST by leaving the elements in the ANIMATION_GF_OUTPUT _LIST to be NONE.

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TIME_DURATION_IN File and format selection for JURY duration injury signals.

ID, NAME, SYSTEM, WRITE_FORMAT

TIME_HISTORY_CO Activates time history output NTACT for certain contacts.

ID, NAME

TIME_HISTORY_EN Activates time history output ERGY for energy.

ID, NAME

elements in CONTACT_OUTPUT _LIST (ALL, NONE, SELECT)

Although NONE is the initial value for the CONTACT_OUTPUT_LIST when creating a TIME_HISTORY_CONTAC T, it is not a legal value. Either SELECT the elements in the CONTACT_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_CONTACT_OUTP UTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_CONTACT to each CONTACT_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the CONTACT_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL.

Although NONE is the initial value for the elements in ENERGY_OUTPUT_LIST ENERGY_OUTPUT_ when creating a LIST (ALL, NONE, TIME_HISTORY_ENERGY SELECT) , it is not a legal value. Either SELECT the elements in the ENERGY_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the

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NR_OF_ENERGY_FE_M ODEL_OUTPUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_ENERGY_FE_M ODEL to each ENERGY_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the ENERGY_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL. TIME_HISTORY_FE

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Activates time history output for a particular FE model.

ID, NAME, FE_MODEL

Either SELECT the elements in the AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT elements in PUT_LIST by setting the AIRBAG_CHAMBER NR_OF_AIRBAG_CHAMB _OUTPUT_LIST ER_OUTPUTS and (ALL, NONE, assigning outputblocks of SELECT) type OUTPUT_AIRBAG_CHAM elements in CROSS_SECTION_ BER to each OUTPUT_LIST (ALL, AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT PUT button, or set the NONE, SELECT) elements in the AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT elements in ELEMENT_OUTPUT PUT_LIST to be ALL, or _LIST (ALL, NONE, indicate the absence of a AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT SELECT) PUT_LIST by leaving the elements in elements in the JET_OUTPUT_LIST AIRBAG_CHAMBER_OUT (ALL, NONE, PUT_LIST to be NONE. SELECT) Either SELECT the elements in elements in the NODE_OUTPUT_LIS CROSS_SECTION_OUTP T (ALL, NONE, UT_LIST by setting the SELECT) NR_OF_CROSS_SECTIO N_OUTPUTS and elements in assigning outputblocks of STRAP_OUTPUT_LI type ST (ALL, NONE, OUTPUT_CROSS_SECTI SELECT) ON to each CROSS_SECTION_OUTP UT button, or set the elements in the CROSS_SECTION_OUTP UT_LIST to be ALL, or

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indicate the absence of a CROSS_SECTION_OUTP UT_LIST by leaving the elements in the CROSS_SECTION_OUTP UT_LIST to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the ELEMENT_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_ELEMENT_OUTP UTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_ELEMENT to each ELEMENT_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the ELEMENT_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a ELEMENT_OUTPUT_LIST by leaving the elements in the ELEMENT_OUTPUT_LIST to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the JET_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_JET_OUTPUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_JET to each JET_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the JET_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a JET_OUTPUT_LIST by leaving the elements in the JET_OUTPUT_LIST to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the NODE_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_NODE_OUTPUTS

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and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_NODE to each NODE_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the NODE_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a NODE_OUTPUT_LIST by leaving the elements in the NODE_OUTPUT_LIST to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the STRAP_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_STRAP_OUTPUT S and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_STRAP to each STRAP_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the STRAP_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a STRAP_OUTPUT_LIST by leaving the elements in the STRAP_OUTPUT_LIST to be NONE. TIME_HISTORY_INJ File and format selection for URY injury signals.

ID, NAME, SYSTEM, WRITE_FORMAT

TIME_HISTORY_MB Activates time history output for a particular multi-body system.

ID, NAME, SYSTEM Either SELECT the elements in the elements in BELT_OUTPUT_LIST by BELT_OUTPUT_LIST setting the (ALL, NONE, NR_OF_BELT_OUTPUTS SELECT) and assigning outputblocks of type elements in BODY_OUTPUT_LIS OUTPUT_BELT to each BELT_OUTPUT button, or T (ALL, NONE, set the elements in the SELECT) BELT_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the elements in BODY_REL_OUTPU absence of a T_LIST (ALL, NONE, BELT_OUTPUT_LIST by

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SELECT)

leaving the elements in the BELT_OUTPUT_LIST to be NONE.

elements in CONTROL_SYSTEM _ Either SELECT the OUTPUT_LIST (ALL, elements in the NONE, SELECT) BODY_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the elements in NR_OF_BODY_OUTPUTS JOINT_DOF_OUTPU and assigning T_LIST (ALL, NONE, outputblocks of type SELECT) OUTPUT_BODY to each BODY_OUTPUT button, or elements in RESTRAINT_OUTPU set the elements in the T_LIST (ALL, NONE, BODY_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the SELECT) absence of a BODY_OUTPUT_LIST by elements in SENSOR_OUTPUT_ leaving the elements in the BODY_OUTPUT_LIST to LIST (ALL, NONE, be NONE. SELECT)

Either SELECT the elements in the BODY_REL_OUTPUT_LIS T by setting the NR_OF_BODY_REL_OUT PUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_BODY_REL to each BODY_REL_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the BODY_REL_OUTPUT_LIS T to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a BODY_REL_OUTPUT_LIS T by leaving the elements in the BODY_REL_OUTPUT_LIS T to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the CONTROL_SYSTEM_OUT PUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_CONTROL_SYST EM_OUTPUTS and assigning outputblocks of

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type OUTPUT_CONTROL_SYS TEM to each CONTROL_SYSTEM_OUT PUT button, or set the elements in the CONTROL_SYSTEM_OUT PUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a CONTROL_SYSTEM_OUT PUT_LIST by leaving the elements in the CONTROL_SYSTEM_OUT PUT_LIST to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the JOINT_DOF_OUTPUT_LIS T by setting the NR_OF_JOINT_DOF_OUT PUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_JOINT_DOF to each JOINT_DOF_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the JOINT_DOF_OUTPUT_LIS T to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a JOINT_DOF_OUTPUT_LIS T by leaving the elements in the JOINT_DOF_OUTPUT_LIS T to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the JOINT_CONSTRAINT_OUT PUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_JOINT_CONSTRA INT_OUTPUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_JOINT_CONSTR AINT to each JOINT_CONSTRAINT_OUT PUT button, or set the elements in the JOINT_CONSTRAINT_OUT

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PUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a JOINT_CONSTRAINT_OUT PUT_LIST by leaving the elements in the JOINT_CONSTRAINT_OUT PUT_LIST to be NONE. MUSCLE_OUTPUT_LIST is not yet supported. Either SELECT the elements in the RESTRAINT_OUTPUT_LIS T by setting the NR_OF_RESTRAINT_OUT PUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_RESTRAINT to each RESTRAINT_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the RESTRAINT_OUTPUT_LIS T to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a RESTRAINT_OUTPUT_LIS T by leaving the elements in the RESTRAINT_OUTPUT_LIS T to be NONE. Either SELECT the elements in the SENSOR_OUTPUT_LIST by setting the NR_OF_SENSOR_OUTPU TS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_SENSOR to each SENSOR_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the SENSOR_OUTPUT_LIST to be ALL, or indicate the absence of a SENSOR_OUTPUT_LIST by leaving the elements in the SENSOR_OUTPUT_LIST

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to be NONE. TIME_HISTORY_SY Activates time history output STEM for systems.

ID, NAME

Although NONE is the initial value for the elements in SYSTEM_COG_OUTPUT_ SYSTEM_COG_OUT LIST when creating a PUT_ TIME_HISTORY_SYSTEM LIST (ALL, NONE, , it is not a legal value. SELECT) Either SELECT the elements in the SYSTEM_COG_OUTPUT_ LIST by setting the NR_OF_SYSTEM_COG_ OUTPUTS and assigning outputblocks of type OUTPUT_SYSTEM_COG to each SYSTEM_COG_OUTPUT button, or set the elements in the SYSTEM_COG_OUTPUT_ LIST to be ALL.

TIME_HISTORY_TIM Output activation and format/ E_ file selection for time-step. STEP

ID, NAME, WRITE_FORMAT

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

BELTS /

Output activation and format/ file selection for kinematic animation output.

Ftol, TITLE, StartPt, Ns, Ni, FRICPR, TOLSLP, EndPt, Ne

Notes

NUM_SLIPRG

See also Model Browser Organize panel Entity State Browser

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HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files HyperBeam

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Beamsections Beamsection entities in HyperMesh store 1D beam cross-section data. Beamsections are typically created in HyperMesh and edited in HyperBeam. Beamsections can be created from geometry, elements, or from solver standard sections (i.e. I-Sections, H-Sections, etc.) in HyperMesh. The following beamsections can be defined in HyperBeam; Generic sections, Shell sections, Solid sections, and Standard sections. Generic sections allow users to define sections without defining actual cross-section geometry. Areas, inertias, centroids, and other coefficients are supported directly through spreadsheet data entry of values. Shell sections allow users to define thin cross-sections with geometric lines or 1D elements in HyperMesh. Once the cross-section is created in HyperMesh, it can further further be edited in HyperBeam.

Solid sections allow for users to define solid cross-sections with surfaces, lines that form a closed loop, or 2D elements in HyperMesh. Once the cross-section is created in HyperMesh is can further be edited in HyperBeam.

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Standard sections allow users to automatically define solver supported cross-sections. Each supported solver interface in HyperMesh has a library of supported solver cross-sections. For standards sections, only the dimensions of the section are necessary as input.

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On import in HyperMesh, each 1D beam property card within a solver deck is automatically imported as a beamsection entity and a property entity with associated beamsection. The beamsection entity holds the 1D beam section data (A, I, etc..., and/or Dimensions) and is associated to the property entity which has a 1D property card image. The beamsection association to a property is what transfers the 1D section data to the 1D property solver card for export. Editing of all 1D beam section data is accomplished through HyperBeam. The following panels can be used to create and edit beamsections: HyperBeam The data names associated with beamsections can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Beamsection Collectors HyperBeam

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Multibodies Multibodies collect and organize ellipsoids, multibody planes, and multibody joints and are typically used in multi-body analysis. Multibodies are created, edited, and deleted from the Model Browser and are shown under the Multibody folder. Ellipsoids, multibody planes, and multibody joints can be organized into a multibody using the Organize panel. Every ellipsoid, multibody plane, and multibody joint must be organized into one, and only one, multibody and therefore are mutually exclusive to a multibody. Newly created ellipsoids, multibody planes, and multibody joints are automatically organized into the current multibody. The current multibody is shown bold in the Model Browser. The current multibody can be set using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on a selected multibody within the Multibody folder. Multibodies can also be card edited using the Model Browser context sensitive menu on selected multibodies. Multibodies have a display state, on or off, which control the display of all ellipsoids, multibody planes, and multibody joints organized within the multibody in the graphics area. The display state of a multibody can be controlled using the icons next to the multibody in the Model Browser. Multibodies also have an active and export state. The active state of a multibody controls the display state of the multibody and the listing of the multibody in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a multibody is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a multibody is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. If a find operation "finds" an inactive multibody, that multibody will automatically be set to active. The export state of a multibody controls whether or not that multibody and all ellipsoids, multibody planes, and multibody joints organized within the multibody are exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a multibody. The active and export states of multibodies can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. Operations performed on a multibody collector affect ellipsoids, multibody planes, and multibody joints within the multibody collector. For example, if you delete a multibody collector, the ellipsoids, multibody planes, and multibody jonts within the multibody collector are also deleted. The data names associated with multibodies can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Creating a Multibody Collector The create subpanel is used for creating multibody collectors. create provides four data blocks for defining: the collector's name, card image type, center of gravity, and the body’s local coordinate system. Moments of inertia and other rigid body properties are defined in the multibody collector’s card image, which is access through the Card panel after the multibody collector has been created. creation method: assigns the multibody type specified in the card image= field. The types of multibody collectors available are dependent on the loaded solver interface specified as a template file. The most common type of multibody collector is a "rigid body". Setting creation method: to no card image specifies that a multibody collector type is not assigned at the time of creation, but one can be assigned later in the card image subpanel. Setting creation method: to same as assigns a copy of the card image of another multibody collector to the created collector. Using or not using a card image has no bearing on how multibody collectors behave and only effect data being exported.

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center of gravity: provides an N1 node/geometry selection box to define the x, y, and z, location of the center of gravity. The N1 box contains the same functionality as the N1 selection buttons found elsewhere in the program. To define a center of gravity location, select a node on in the model window. If only surfaces or lines are available for selection, click and hold the left mouse button in the model window until the cursor becomes a square, drag the cursor over geometry to select it, release the mouse button, and click anywhere on the geometry to define a location. For an alternative method to define the center of gravity, click on the edit button under the N1 selection box to bring up x=, y=, and z= entry fields. Note:

The element handles option in the modeling subpanel (Options panel) allows you to display the center of gravity for multibody collectors and text labels for 1D elements.

body local system: defines the body local coordinate system of the created body by assigning a local coordinate system entity to the multibody collector. There are three ways to define the body’s orientation: body system assigns a copy of the local coordinate system assigned to the current multibody collector specified in the Global panel. duplicate system ensures a unique coordinate system is assigned to the created body by creating a duplicate of the selected coordinate system and assigning this duplicated coordinate system to the created body. use system assigns the selected system to the created body.

Updating a Multibody Collector The update subpanel is provided to modify the body’s local coordinate system and center of gravity. The same fields and options available in the create subpanel are also available in the update subpanel.

Solver Card Support for Multibody Collectors MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

BODY. DEFORMABLE

Deformable body.

FE_MODEL, MODAL_STIF, MODAL_DAMP, LOAD.BODY_ACC

body local system and center of gravity are not used. Enter the number of MODEs in MODE_LIST and select each applicable MODE element. Select the DAMPING check box to apply MODAL_DAMP.

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BODY. FLEXIBLE_BEAM

Flexible beam.

FE_MODEL, LINE3 body local system and (N1, N2, N3), center of gravity are not DEF_NODE_LIST, used. AREA, Ml11, l11, l22, l33, STIF_AXIAL, DENSITY, E, NU, DAMP_COEF LOAD.BODY_ACC

BODY.RIGID

This element contains the information necessary to define a unique rigid body: mass, inertia matrix and location of center of gravity.

ORIENT_INERTIA, MASS, INTERIA XX, YY, ZZ, XY, YZ, ZX LOAD.BODY_ACC

body local system = ORIENT_INERTIA. If you 'use' the referenced system, no system of a JOINT or BODY should be selected. center of gravity = CENTRE_OF_GRAVITY

JOINT SURFACE. CYLINDER

Hyper-elliptical cylinder.

See also Model Browser Organize panel Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files

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Ellipsoids Solver Card Support for Ellipsoids Currently no solver support is available.

See also Include Files Multibodies

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Multibody Planes Solver Card Support for Multibody Planes MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

SURFACE.PLANE

Rectangular plane

Supported Parameters

Notes

multibody = BODY N1 = POINT_1 N2 = POINT_2 N3 = POINT_3 To create a SURFACE under the SYSTEM. REF_SPACE, a reference to a null body must be selected because a reference to a multibody is required when creating a multibody plane. A null body can be created like any other BODY (card image is not relevant and should not be used), Nullbody should be put under the SYSTEM. REF_SPACE assembly.

See also Include Files Multibodies

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Multibody Joints Solver Card Support for Multibody Joints MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

JOINT.BRAC

The syst and card image = BRAC multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

JOINT.CYLI

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = CYLI

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = FREE

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent

card image = FREE

JOINT.FREE

JOINT. FREE_BRYANT

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D1 and R1 can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

D1 through D3, R1 through R3 and ORIENT can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT. When importing a model containing non-zero values for Q1 through Q7, these values are translated into the values for displacement and rotation; since no values for Q1 through Q7 can be set, no values will be exported.

D1 through D3, R1 through R3 and ORIENT can not

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963

and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT. When importing a model containing non-zero values for Q1 through Q7, these values are translated into the values for displacement and rotation; since no values for Q1 through Q7 can be set, no values will be exported.

JOINT. FREE_EULER

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = FREE

JOINT. FREE_ROT_DISP

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = FREE_BRYANT

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D1 through D3, R1 through R3 and ORIENT can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT. When importing a model containing non-zero values for Q1 through Q7, these values are translated into the values for displacement and rotation; since no values for Q1 through Q7 can be set, no values will be exported.

D1 through D3, R1 through R3 and ORIENT can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orietation of the systems connected by the JOINT. Any JOINT. FREE_ROT_DISP is translated into a JOINT. FREE during import of the model. When importing a model containing non-zero values for Q1 through Q7, these values are translated

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into the values for displacement and rotation; since no values for Q1 through Q7 can be set, no values will be exported. JOINT.PLAN

JOINT.REVO

JOINT.REVO_TRAN

JOINT.SPHE

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The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = PLAN

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = REVO

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = REVO_TRAN

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = SPHE

R1, D2 and D3 can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

R1 can not be changed, because it is defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

D1 and R2 can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

R1 through R3 and ORIENT can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT. When importing a model containing non-zero values for Q1 through Q4, these values are translated into the values for rotation; since no values for Q1 through Q4 can be set, no

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values will be exported. JOINT. SPHE_BRYANT

JOINT. SPHE_EULER

JOINT.TRAN

JOINT.TRAN_REVO

JOINT.TRAN_UNIV

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The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = SPHE_BRYANT

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = SPHE_EULER

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = TRAN

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = TRAN_REVO

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related

card image = TRAN_UNIV

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R1 through R3 can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

R1 through R3 can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

D1 can not be changed, because it is defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

D1 and R2 can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

D1, R2 and R3 can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

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JOINT.UNIV

JOINT.UNIV_TRAN

JOINT.USER

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = UNIV

The syst and multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

card image = UNIV_TRAN

R1 and R2 can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

D1, R2 and R3 can not be changed, because they are defined by the position and orientation of the systems connected by the JOINT.

The syst and card image = USER multibody to be specified at parent and child refer to the CRDSYS_OBJECT_1 and CRDSYS_OBJECT_2 related elements.

See also Include Files Multibodies

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Bags Bags collect and organize entities. The entities that are permissible for a bag entity to collect are determined by the configuration of the bag. There are ten configurations of a bag entity which can be created as listed below. Bags are shown under the Bag folder within the Model Browser.

Bag Configurations Generic Optimization FBD Forces (All Loads) FBD Forces (Applied Loads) FBD Forces (Reaction Loads) FBD Displacements Resultant Force & Moment FBD Cross-section ADM Part ADM Material Currently, only the optimization configuration of bag entity can be created, edited, and deleted. Optimization bag entities can be created, edited, and deleted using the Optimization Browser View within the Model Browser. All other configurations of bag entities can be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. Bags have a display state, on or off, which control the display state of all entities organized within the bag in the graphics area. The display state of a bag can be controlled using the icons next to the bag in the Model Browser. Bags also have an active and export state. The active state of a bag controls the display state of the bag and the listing of the bag and its collected entities in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a bag is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and the bag and its collected entities are listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a bag is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently (and hence also all its collected entities) and the bag and its collected entities are not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a bag controls whether or not that bag and its collected entities are exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a bag. The active and export states of bags can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. Operations performed on a bag do not affect the entities collected within the bag. For example, if you delete a bag, the entities collected within the bag are not deleted. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for Bags Currently no solver support is available.

See also Optimization Browser View Model Browser Entity State Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files

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Generic Generic configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize any entities, including other bag entities. Generic configurations of the bag entity can currently only be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Bags Collectors and Collected Entities Named Entities Morphing Entities Optimization Entities

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Optimization Problem Optimization problem configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize any of the Optimization entities; Design Variables Design Variable Links Objective Design Variable Property Relationships Objective References Optimization Constraints Optimization Constraint Screenings Optimization Controls Optimization Equations Optimization Responses Optimization Table Entries Discrete Design Variables

Optimization problem configurations of the bag entity can be created, edited, and deleted using the Optimization Browser View within the Model Browser. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Optimization Browser View Model Browser Include Files Bags Optimization Entities

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FBD Forces (All Loads) FBD forces (all loads) configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize nodes element sets systems load collectors

FBD forces (all loads) configurations of the bag entity can currently only be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Bags Collector and Collected Entities Named Entities

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FBD Forces (Applied Loads Only) FBD forces (applied loads only) configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize: nodes element sets systems load collectors.

FBD forces (applied loads only) configurations of the bag entity can currently only be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Bags Collector and Collected Entities Named Entities

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FBD Forces (Reaction Loads Only) FBD forces (reaction loads only) configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize: nodes element sets systems load collectors

FBD forces (reaction loads only) configurations of the bag entity can currently only be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Bags Collector and Collected Entities Named Entities

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FBD Displacements FBD displacement configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize: node sets element sets systems load collectors

FBD displacement configurations of the bag entity can currently only be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Bags Collector and Collected Entities Named Entities

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Resultant Force & Moment Resultant Force & Moment configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize; systems load collectors FBD cross-section bag entities

Resultant Force & Moment configurations of the bag entity can currently only be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Bags Collector and Collected Entities Named Entities

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FBD Cross-section FBD cross-section configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize; nodes node sets element sets systems

FBD cross-section configurations of the bag entity can currently only be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Bags Collector and Collected Entities Named Entities

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ADM Part ADM part configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize any entities, including other bag entities. ADM part configurations of the bag entity can currently only be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Bags Collector and Collected Entities Named Entities Morphing Entities Optimization Entities

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ADM Material ADM material configurations of the bag entity can collect and organize any entities, including other bag entities. ADM material configurations of the bag entity can currently only be created, edited, and deleted using the Tcl Modify Commands *bagcreate and *bagentityupdate. The data names associated with bags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

See also Include Files Bags Collector and Collected Entities Named Entities Morphing Entities Optimization Entities

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Named Entities Named entities are entities which are given a name but are not collected or organized into containers. Examples of named entities include materials and properties. Some named entities also have a display state, on or off, which control the display of that entity in the graphics area. The display state of named entities can be controlled using the Model Browser. All named entities have active and export states. The active state of a named entity controls the display state of the named entity and the listing of the named entity in the Model Browser and any of its views. The export state of a named entity controls the export of that entity to a solver deck. The active and export states of named entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser.

Named entities Blocks Curves Contact Surfaces Control Cards Control Volumes Groups Load Steps Materials Output Blocks Plies Plots Properties Sensors Sets Tags Titles

See also Model Browser Entity State Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files

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Blocks Block entities are enclosed volumes represented by a "box" or a block. Blocks can be created by picking diagonal corner nodes, or by entering diagonal corner coordinates which define the block. Nodes, elements, points, lines, surfaces, solids, loads, equations, systems, vectors, and connectors can be reviewed and saved within a block. Blocks are shown under the Block folder within the Model Browser. Blocks have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a block in the graphics area. The display state of a block can be controlled using the icon next to the block entity in the Model Browser. Blocks also have an active and export state. The active state of a block controls the display state of the block and the listing of the block in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a block entity is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a block entity is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a block entity controls whether or not that block is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a block. The active and export states of block entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit blocks: Blocks

The data names associated with blocks can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

Solver Card Support for Blocks RADIOSS (Block Format)

The supported RADIOSS cards in RADIOSS (Block Format) 100 are listed below. You can quickly create these cards by right-clicking in the Solver Browser and selecting Create Cards.

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Supported Card

Solver Description

/GRBEAM/BOX

Describes the beam groups box

/GRBEAM/BOX2

Describes the beam groups box

/GRBRIC/BOX

Describes the brick groups box

/GRBRIC/BOX2

Describes the brick groups box

/GRNOD/BOX

Describes the node groups box

/GRQUAD/BOX

Describes the quad groups box

/GRQUAD/BOX2

Describes the quad groups box

/GRSH3N/BOX

Describes the 3 node shell groups - box

Supported Parameters

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Notes

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/GRSH3N/BOX2

Describes the 3 node shell groups - box

/GRSHEL/BOX

Describes the shell groups box

/GRSHEL/BOX2

Describes the shell groups box

/GRSPRI/BOX

Describes the spring groups box

/GRSPRI/BOX2

Describes the spring groups box

/GRTRUS/BOX

Describes the truss groups box

/GRTRUS/BOX2

Describes the truss groups box

/LINE/BOX

Definition of the line - box

/LINE/BOX2

Definition of the line - box

/SURF/BOX

Describes the surface definition on shell elements by box.

/SURF/BOX2

Describes the surface definition on shell elements by box.

/SURF/BOX/ALL

Describes the surfaced definition on solid elements both interior and exterior face by box.

/SURF/BOX/EXT

Describes the surface definition on solid elements exterior face by box.

LS-DYNA

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Supported Card

Solver Description

*DEFINE_BOX

Defines a box to select entities in the model

Supported Parameters

Notes

See also Model Browser Entity State Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files

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Curves Curve entities are used to define and store xy data and are associated with a plot entity. Curves are shown under the Curve folder within the Model Browser. Curves do not have a display state. However, the display of a curve in a xy plot window is controlled by the display state and active state of its associated plot. Curves have an active and export state. The active state of a curve controls the display of a curves within its associated plot and the listing of the curve in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a curve entity is active, then it is displayed within its associated plot and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a curve entity is inactive, then it is not displayed within its associated plot and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a curve entity controls whether or not that curve is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a curve. The active and export states of curve entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit curves: Read Curves Results Curves Simple Math Edit Curves Curve Attribs Query Curves Integrate

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The data names associated with curves can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

Solver Card Support for Curves RADIOSS (Block Format)

Supported Card

Solver Description

/FUNCT

Input formats to define the function

/MOVE_FUNC

Describes the function scale and shift

Supported Parameters

Notes

Supported Parameters

Notes

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

Multi-body dynamics curves are represented as curves. Supported Card

Solver Description

MBCRV

Defines a data curve for use in multi-body dynamics simulations.

Supported as a curve entity. Defined through the Curve Editor utility.

RADIOSS (Fixed Format)

Outputting curves creates a function card in RADIOSS (Fixed Format). Input and output of function cards is supported. HyperMesh XY curves that are referenced by a load, material, property, or rigid wall, for example, are output. References to curves during input are preserved and are output with the card.

Abaqus

Curves are exported as *AMPLITUDE card in the Abaqus input file.

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*AMPLITUDE

Define an amplitude curve

NAME

Standard, Explicit

DEFINITION = TABULAR,

The TABULAR definition reads either pairwise DEFINITION = entries (new) or four pairs SMOOTH STEP/ of values per dataline (old). EQUALLY SPACED, The EQUALLY SPACED TIME, VALUE, option has been updated FIXED INTERVAL, to the new format as well. BEGIN The old format is required by users using pre 6.9 Abaqus solver. The reader can read both formats. The card will be exported the same way as it was imported. The card image allows users to switch between both formats.

LS-DYNA

Output of curves creates a *DEFINE_CURVE or Structured Card 22 using Option 0 *DEFINE_CURVE can be changed to *DEFINE_TABLE in the card previewer. When DEFINE_CURVE is changed to DEFINE_TABLE, the number of curves the table should contain depends on the XY curves that are referenced by a load, material, component, property, and so on are output Upon input, the *DEFINE_CURVE and *DEFINE_TABLE/Card 22 cards are read and placed in a plot called LS-DYNA Load Curves Upon input, references to curves are preserved and are output along with the card, such as material, component, property, load and so on To export curves, click the Export icon and select the type of file to export as Curves. The following keywords are supported:

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*DEFINE_CURVE

Define a curve

SIDR, SFA, SFO, OFFA, OFFO, DATTYP

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Notes

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CurveTableHelp DEFINE_TABLE Option (None, TRIM, SMOOTH) Title *DEFINE_CURVE_ SMOOTH

Define a smoothly varying curve using few parameters.

SIDR, DIST, TSTART, TEND, TRISE, V0 CurveTableHelp DEFINE_TABLE Title

*DEFINE_CURVE_T Define a curve for trimming. RIM

TCTYPE, TFLG, TDIR, TCTOL, IGB CurveTableHelp DEFINE_TABLE Title

*DEFINE_CURVE_T Define a curve for trimming. RIM_3D Trimming is processed based on the element normal rather than the vector.

TCTYPE, TFLG, TDIR, TCTOL, TOLN, NSEED CurveTableHelp DEFINE_TABLE Title

*DEFINE_TABLE

Define a table.

ArrayCount

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

FUNCTION.XY

Provides a definition of a n/a function, described as a series of X-Y pairs.

MADYMO

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Notes

Curves can be created by different methods; refer to the online help. Curves are always exported as a

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TABLE of XY_PAIRs. [ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy)

PAM-CRASH

Supported Card

Solver Description

FUNCT /

Definition of curves

Supported Parameters

Notes

The FUNCT toggle can switch output to a LOCUR card.

LOCUR /

The FUNCT toggle can switch output to a FUNCT card.

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

FUNCT /

Definition of curves

n/a

Note:

Notes

Curve definition can be modified using the card previewer.

PERMAS

The following cards are supported in the PERMAS interface:

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Supported Card

Solver Description

$FUNCTION

Function definition

Supported Parameters

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See also Model Browser Entity State Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Plots Model Setup XY Plotting

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Contact Surfaces Contact surface entities are used to define and store contact definitions typically used in contact analysis. Contact surfaces are defined using elements (1D/2D/3D) and their respective facecodes. A contact surface is displayed as an arrow on the selected element faces. The direction of the arrow is along the element normal that defines the contact surface. Contact surfaces are shown under the ContactSurface folder within the Model Browser. Contact surfaces have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a contact surface in the graphics area. The display state of a contact surface can be controlled using the icon next to the contract surface entity in the Model Browser. Contact surfaces also have an active and export state. The active state of a contact surface controls the display state of the contact surface and the listing of the contact surface in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a contact surface entity is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a contact surface entity is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. If a find operation "finds" an inactive contact surface entity, that contact surface entity will automatically be set to active. The export state of a contact surface entity controls whether or not that contact surface is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a contact surface. The active and export states of contact surface entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit contact surfaces: Contactsurfs

Solver Card Support for Contact Surfaces RADIOSS (Block Format)

Supported Card

Solver Description

/LEVSET

Definition of the levelset.

/LINE/SEG/

Definition of the line -

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Supported Parameters

Notes

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segments /SURF/SEG/

Describes the surface definition - segments

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

Master Slave contact is represented using contact surfaces. Supported Card

Solver Description

SURF

Defines a surface used in a contact definition.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Defined using the Contact Surfs panel

Actran

The following Actran specific surfaces are supported : Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

BC_MESH INCIDENT_SURFAC ES INFINITE_ELEMEN TS INTERFACE MODAL_BASIS RADIATING_SURF ACES RAYLEIGH_SURFA CES Ls-Dyna

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Supported Card

Solver Description

*SET_SEGMENT

Definition segements on element faces.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Notes

PERMAS

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

$SURFACE

Surface definition

ELEMENTS, SURFID, SYSTEM, MAXSMOOTH

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

.SEL FACE

Defines a set of faces of 3D elements

GROUP, NOM, MAILLE, FACE

Samcef

Notes

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Model Setup

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Control Volumes Control volume entities are used to define and store control volumes typically used in safety analysis. Control volumes are shown under the ControlVolume folder within the Model Browser. Control volumes do not have a display state. Control volumes have an active and export state. The active state of a control volume controls the listing of the control volume in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a control volume entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a control volume entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a control volume entity controls whether or not that control volume is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a control volume. The active and export states of control volume entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with control volumes can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit control volumes: Control Vol

Solver Card Support for Control Volumes RADIOSS (Block Format)

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

/MONVOL

Describes the monitored volume types

/MONVOL/AIRBAG

Describes the airbag monitored volume type.

/MONVOL/ AIRBAG1

Defines the airbag using standard gas

SelectsurfBox

/MONVOL/AREA

Describes the monitored volume type AREA.

SelectsurfBox

/MONVOL/COMMU Describes the airbag with communications monitored volume type.

SelectsurfBox

/MONOVOL/ FVMBAG

Describes the airbag with FVMBAG type.

SelectsurfBox

/MONVOL/GAS

Describes the perfect gas monitored volume type.

SelectsurfBox

/MONVOL/PRES

Describes the pressure load curve monitored volume type.

SelectsurfBox

REFSTA

Describes the reference state (stress free state) of elements

Notes

You need to create a new include file, set the include file type as REFSTA and create this card in the include file.

LS-DYNA

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Entities can be created using the Solver Browser. All the supported LS-DYNA keywords appear in the tree view in the Solver Browser, sorted by type of input data. To display the Solver Browser, select Solver Browser from the View menu. The complete list of LS-DYNA keywords that are supported are listed below. An alternate way to identify a supported card is to invoke the "create new keyword" tool. This convenient selection tool can be invoked using the context-sensitive menu in the Solver Browser, using the Create New option in the Tools pull-down menu. Once you select a card of interest, the right panel is opened with the necessary options set. The Control Volume panel allows you to control volume objects within a model. The *AIRBAG_OPTION card is output from this panel. The POP option is supported for WANG_NEFSKE options. The following keywords are supported: Supported Card

Solver Description

*AIRBAG_ADIABAT Define an airbag or control IC_GAS volume _MODEL_ID

Supported Parameters

Notes

Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, PSF, LCID, GAMMA, P0, PE, RO ControlVolHelp

*AIRBAG_ADVANC *DEFINE_ALEBAG_BAG, ED_ *DEFINE_ALEBAG_HOLE, ALE and *DEFINE_ALEBAG_INFLATO R to define ALE type AIRBAG in modular way

BAGID1 - BAGID8 HOLEID1 - HOLEID8 INFLID1 - INFLID8 NX, NY, NZ, ARSNID, IDCENT, EXSID, LX, LY, LZ, ITRANS, UIDAIR, ATMOST, ATMOSP, GC, CC, MWD, SPSF, SWTIME, HG, NAIR ALE MESH OPTION (GENERATE MESH, SELECT MESH)

*AIRBAG_ALE

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Provides a simplified approach to defining the deployment of the airbag using the ALE capabilities with an option to switch from the initial ALE

Title, SIDTYP, MWD, SPSF, ATMOST, ATMOSP, GC, CC, TNKVOL,

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method to control volume method at a chosen time.

TNKFINP, NQUAD, CTYPE, PFAC, FRIC, FRCMIN, NORMTYP, ILEAK, PLEAK, IV_PSETID, IBLOCK, VNTCOF, NX, NY, NZ, MOVERN, ZOOM, SWTIME, HG, NAIR, NGAS, NORIF, LCVEL, LCT, MWAIR, INITM1, AIRA, AIRB, AIRC PFAC_Option IVTYPE (PartSetID, PartID, Segment Set) NX_NY_Option

*AIRBAG_HYBRID_ Define an airbag or control CHEMKIN_ID volume

Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, LCIDM, LCIDT, NGAS, DATA, ATMT, ATMP, RG, HCONV, C23, A23 LCIDM_Cubic_Interp LCIDT_Cubic_Interp

*AIRBAG_HYBRID_ Define an airbag or control ID volume

Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, ATMOST, ATMOSP, ATMOSD, GC, CC, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, OPT, PVENT, NGAS LCC23_Relative_Pre ssure A23_Option Jetting Reference Geometry

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Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, ATMOST, ATMOSP, ATMOSD, GC, CC, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, OPT, PVENT, NGAS, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, NREACT

*AIRBAG_HYBRID_ JETTING_ID

Control LCC23_Relative_Pre ssure A23_Option Jetting Reference Geometry Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, ATMOST, ATMOSP, ATMOSD, GC, CC, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, OPT, PVENT, NGAS, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, NREACT

*AIRBAG_HYBRID_ JETTING_CM_ID

Control LCC23_Relative_Pre ssure A23_Option Jetting

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Reference Geometry *AIRBAG_INTERAC Define two connected airbags TION_ID which vent into each other

AB1, AB2, AREA, SF, PID, LCID, IFLOW LCID_orificeAreaCurv e LCID_orificeCoeffCur ve Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, BULK, RO, LCINT, LCOUTT, LCOUTP, LCFIT, LCBULK, LCID

*AIRBAG_LINEAR_ FLUID_ ID

ControlVolHelp Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, STIME, LCID, RO, PE, P0,

*AIRBAG_LOAD_C URVE_ ID

T, T0 ControlVolHelp *AIRBAG_PARTICL To define an airbag using the E particle method.

STYPE1, SD1, STYPE2, SD2, BLOCK, HCONV, NP, UNIT, VISFLAG, TATM, PATM, NVENT, TEND, TSW, IAIR, NGAS, NORIF, NID1, NID2, NID3

*AIRBAG_REFERE If the reference configuration of BIRTH NCE_ the airbag is taken as the GEOMETRY_BIRTH folded configuration, the geometrical accuracy of the deployed bag will be affected by both the stretching and the compression of elements during the folding process. *AIRBAG_REFERE NCE_

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BIRTH

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GEOMETRY_BIRTH _RDT *AIRBAG_REFERE NCE_ GEOMETRY_RDT

n/a

*AIRBAG_SHELL_ REFERENCE_GEO METRY Title

*AIRBAG_SIMPLE_ AIRBAG_MODEL_I D

SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCID, MU, A, PE, RO, LOU, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC ControlVolHelp Mu_Option A_Option ReferenceGeometry

*AIRBAG_SIMPLE_ PRESSURE_VOLU ME_ID

Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CN, BETA, LCID, LCIDDR ControlVolHelp CN_LCID_Option Title

*AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _ID

SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCS23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP,

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OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC Pop, Jetting, ReferenceGeometry *AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _JETTING_ID

Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, ANGLE, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3 MultipleJetting, CA_Option

*AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _JETTING_CM

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Title SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, JSVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, ANGLE, NODE,

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NREACT Title

*AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _JETTING_POP_ID

SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC MultipleJetting; CA_Option BETA Option CM Reference Geometry Title

*AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _JETTING_POP_C M

SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, TDP, AXP, AYP, AZP, AMAGP, TDURP, TDA, RBIDP, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, CA, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, ANGLE, NODE, NREACT

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*AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _MULTIPLE_JETTIN G_CM_ ID

Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, IOC, IOA, IVOL, IRO, IT, LCBF,TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, LCJRV, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, ANGLE, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3, NREACT

*AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _MULTIPLE_JETTIN G_ID

Title, SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, LCJRV, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, ANGLE, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3 BETA_Option CM ReferenceGeometry

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*AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _MULTIPLE_JETTIN G_POP _CM_ID

Title

*AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _MULTIPLE_JETTIN G_POP _ID

Title

SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23, CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, TDP, AXP, AYP, AZP, AMAGP, TDURP, TDA, RBIDP, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, LCJRV, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSDI, ANGLE, NODE, NREACT

SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, XJFP, YJFP, ZJFP, XJVH, YJVH, ZJVH, LCJRV, BETA, XSJFP, YSJFP, ZSJFP, PSID, NODE1, NODE2, NODE3 BETA Option CM

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Reference Geometry Title

*AIRBAG_WANG_N EFSKE _POP_ID

SIDTYP, RBID, VSCA, PSCA, VINI, MWD, SPSF, CV, CP, T, LCT, LCMT, TVOL, LCDT, IABT, C23, LCC23, A23, LCA23,CP23, LCCP23, AP23, LCAP23, PE, RO, GC, LCEFR, POVER, PPOP, OPT, KNKDN, TEXT, A, B, MW, GASC, TDP, AXP, AYP, AZP, AMAGP, TDURP, TDA, RBIDP Reference Geometry

*DEFINE_ALEBAG _BAG

Defines the surface that constitutes the airbag's outer surface for ALE airbag

CVBAG, IBLOCK, VTCOEF, VENTSID, NQUAD, CTYPE, PFAC, FRIC, FRCMIN, NORMTYP, ILEAK, PLEAK, NORM, START, END SID TYPE (Part Set ID, Part ID) VENTYP (Part Set ID, Part ID, Set Segment) PFAC_Option

*DEFINE_ALEBAG _HOLE

Defines the surface that constitutes the vents for ALE airbag

SID_SET, NQUAD, XOFF, NFOLD, XCLEN SID TYPE (Part Set ID, Part ID)

*DEFINE_ALEBAG _ INFLATOR

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Defines the inflator for ALE airbag

NGAS, NORIF, LCIDVEL, LCIDT

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*INITIAL_FOAM_ The reference configuration REFERENCE_GEO allows stresses to be METRY initialized in the following hyperelastic material models: 2, 7, 21, 23, 27, 31, 38, 57, 73, 83, 132 and 181.

n/a

MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

AIRBAG_CHAMBE R

Defines special characteristics CHAMBER_V0 of a finite-element structure AUTO_VOLUME which models an airbag. (ON/OFF) HOLE GAS_FLOW_GRID COMMENT output REFERENCE_COO RDINATEs

Notes

Choose elems and select all elements forming the AIRBAG_CHAMBER, i.e. all elements contained in all LISTs (ELEMENT_LIST, GROUP_LIST, INV_ELEMENT_LIST and INV_GROUP_LIST). [INV_ELEMENT_LIST] = reference to a set of elements, containing all elements in both INV_ELEMENT_LIST and INV_GROUP_LIST. Select the HOLE check box to add a related HOLE element.

COORDINATE_REF Nodal reference definition in a . Cartesian coordinate system. CARTESIAN

n/a

nodes = collection of all nodes representing a COORDINATE_REF in the present AIRBAG_CHAMBER Select the output REFERENCE_COORDINA TEs check box to export the selected nodes in the present AIRBAG_CHAMBER as COORDINATE_REF. CARTESIANs.

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GAS_FLOW_GRID

GasFlow grid definition.

BODY

Defined on the card of the GRID_I_DIR (X, Y, Z) parent AIRBAG_CHAMBER. GRID (I, J, K) MIN_SIZE GRID_J_DIR (X, Y, Z) OFFSET (I, J, K) ANTI_THROUGH_FL OW (OFF/ON) INFLATOR_MTH (MOMENTUM, SONIC CELL)

GAS_FRACTION

Molar fraction of the specified GAS in the mixture.

GAS_MIXTURE

Gas mixture with a fixed composition.

Defined on the same card as its parent GAS_MIXTURE (_VARIABLE). N2, MOL_FRACTION

Defined on the card of the parent.

GAS_MIXTURE_VA Gas mixture at a fixed time RIABLE after inflator triggering.

TIME, N2,

Defined on the card of the parent.

HOLE

HOLE.MODEL, BLOCK_FLOW, CDEX, DPEX, DTEX, DELTEX, SWITCH, SWITCH_SCALE, CDP_FUNC, CDT_FUNC, SCALE_FUNC HOLE_AREA HOLE_SUBSEGME NT

HOLE_AREA

HOLE_AREA (ACTUAL, REFERENCE, SCALE_ACTUAL, SCALE_REFERENC E)

HOLE_SUBSEGME NT

HOLE_SUBSEGME NT (AUTO, USER)

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PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

BAGIN

Airbag definition

Pa; Ta; Ru; INACT: YPV; RHOPV; TIPV; AHEAT; LCTRAN; NCYFR;

CHAMBER

Multiple chamber definitions

AHEAT, LCTRAN, TITLE

Notes

DISP_EXT_SKIN_CA RDS WALL_OPENING WALL_FABRIC INI_COND LEAKAGE INFLATOR END_BAGIN

Terminates the whole general airbag definition

END_CHAMBER

Ends each chamber description

EXT_SKIN

Chamber outer skin elements

Sub-keyword of CHAMBER

FPM

FPM definition card

Sub-keyword of BAGIN

FPM_HOLE

Hole for SPHCEL

Sub-keyword of CHAMBER

GAS

Chamber GAS definition

Sub-keyword of BAGIN Sub-keyword of CHAMBER

GEN_INI_COND

Chamber gas initial condition

Sub-keyword of BAGIN

INFLATOR

Airbag inflator definition

Sub-keyword of CHAMBER

INI_COND

Initial condition of gas

Sub-keyword of

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CHAMBER JET

Jet definition

Sub-keyword of CHAMBER

LEAKAGE

Vents and holes definition in airbag

Sub-keyword of CHAMBER

LOCAL_H

FPM - Local smoothing length card

Sub-keyword of BAGIN

WALL_FABRIC

Define chamber wall fabric

S, MATFAB, NLD

WALL_OPENING

Chamber wall opening

NUL_SHELL, S, Sub-keyword of MATOP, COP, CHAMBER NLDCOT, NLDCOP, IFLOPT, VEN_AREA, IOPEN, OPIN, OPOUT

Sub-keyword of CHAMBER

NUMNULSHELL NUM_VENAREA

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Model Setup

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Groups Group entities are used to define and store interfaces and rigid walls typically used in contact analysis. Groups are shown under the Group folder within the Model Browser. Groups have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a group in the graphics area. The display state of a group can be controlled using the icon next to the group entity in the Model Browser. Groups also have an active and export state. The active state of a group controls the display state of the group and the listing of the group in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a group entity is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a group entity is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. If a find operation "finds" an inactive group entity, that group entity will automatically be set to active. The export state of a group entity controls whether or not that group is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a group. The active and export states of group entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with groups can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit groups: Interfaces (configurations 1-4) Rigid Walls (configuration 5)

Solver Card Support for Groups RADIOSS (Block Format)

Supported Card

Solver Description

/INTER

Describes the interfaces.

/INTER/LAGMUL/ TYPE7

Describes the Lagrange multiplier interface type 7.

/INTER/TYPE1

Describes the interface type 1

/INTER/TYPE2

Describes the interface type 2

/INTER/TYPE3

Describes the interface type 3

/INTER/TYPE5

Describes the interface type 5

/INTER/TYPE6

Describes the interface type 6

/INTER/TYPE7

Describes the interface type 7

/INTER/TYPE8

Describes the interface type 8

/INTER/TYPE9

Describes the ALE Lagrange with void opening and free space.

/INTER/TYPE10

Describes the tied contact with void.

/INTER/TYPE11

Describes the edge to edge or line to line interface.

/INTER/TYPE12

Describes the interface type 12 - fluid/fluid.

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Supported Parameters

Notes

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/INTER/TYPE14

This interface simulates impacts between an hyperellipsoidal rigid master surface and a list of slave nodes.

/INTER/TYPE15

This interface is a penalty contact interface without damping.

/INTER/TYPE18

Describes the Euler/Lagrange or ALE/Lagrange.

/INTER/TYPE19

This is a combination of interface Type 7 and Type 11, with common input based on the same slave / master surfaces.

/INTER/TYPE20

This is a general single surface or surface to surface contact interface. Edge to edge contact is also possible. Also allows zero gap between the contacts.

INTER/TYPE21

Specific interface between a non-deformable master surface and a slave surface designed for stamping.

/RWALL

Describes the rigid walls.

/RWALL/CYL

Describes the rigid walls cylinder of diameter

/RWALL/PARAL

Describes the rigid walls parallelogram

/RWALL/PLANE

Describes the rigid walls plane

/RWALL/SPHER

Describes the rigid walls sphere of diameter

/RWALL/THERM

Describes the ALE rigid wall.

/SECT

Definition of sections for time

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history plots.

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

Contact, thermal analysis definitions, multi-body dynamics bodies, non-structural mass, rigid walls and section outputs are represented using group entities Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

CONTACT

Defines master-slave contact between two entities.

Defined using the Interfaces panel

CONDUCTION

Defines CHBDYE slave elements used for thermal conduction analysis

Defined using the interfaces panel.

CONVECTION

Defines CHBDYE slave elements used for thermal conduction analysis, and also allows for CONV continuation cards to be defined.

Defined using the interfaces panel.

GROUND

Defines the ground body for multi-body dynamics simulation.

Defined using the bodies panel

MBCNTDS

Defines a multi-body contact between a node and a deformable surface.

Defined using the interfaces panel

MBCNTR

Defines a multi-body contact between rigid bodies.

Defined using the interfaces panel

NSM1

Defines non-structural mass per unit length/area on properties or elements.

Defined using the nsm panel.

NSML1

Defines lumped non-structural mass on properties or elements.

Defined using the nsm panel.

PCONV

Specifies the free convection

Defined using the

NODESET

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1014 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

boundary condition properties for heat transfer analysis.

interfaces panel

PFBODY

Defines a flexible body for multi-body dynamics simulation.

Defined using the bodies panel

PRBODY

Defines a rigid body for multibody dynamics simulation.

Defined using the bodies panel

RWALL

Defines a rigid wall of the following types: Infinite Plane, Infinite Cylinder, Sphere and Parallelogram.

Defined using the rigid walls panel.

SECT

Defines a section for force output in geometric nonlinear analysis.

Defined using the interfaces panel.

TIE

Defines a kinematic tied contact used in geometric non-linear analysis.

Defined using the interfaces panel.

XDAMP

Defines damping used in geometric non-linear analysis.

Defined using the interfaces panel.

Abaqus

Groups are entities for various types of interfaces. It is recommended that all contact interfaces, such as *CONTACT PAIR, *TIE, *PRE-TENSION SECTION, *SURFACE, *SURFACE INTERACTION, as *CONTACT, be defined from the Contact Manager in the Abaqus user profile. All history type interface controls, such as Contact Interference, Model Change, Change Friction, Contact Controls, Controls, and Clearance, be defined from the Step Manager in the Abaqus user profile. The following Abaqus keywords are supported as groups in the Interface panel: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*BLOCKAGE

Control contacting surfaces for n/a blockage

*CHANGE

Change friction properties

AMPLITUDE

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Notes

Must be used in conjunction with the *SURFACE INTERACTION card. The Standard template

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ELSET

FRICTION

only.

INTERACTION RESET *CLEARANCE

CPSET Specify a particular initial clearance value and a contact INPUT direction for the slave nodes on MASTER a surface SLAVE

It must be added to a load step (*STEP). Must be added to a load step (*STEP) in explicit template.

TABULAR VALUE *CONTACT (General Contact) *CONTACT CLEARANCE

Begin the definition of general contact

OP

Define contact clearance properties

ADJUST CLEARANCE NAME SEARCH ABOVE SEARCH BELOW SEARCH NSET

*CONTACT CLEARANCE ASSIGNMENT

Assign contact clearances between surfaces in the general contact domain

N/A

*CONTACT CONTROLS

Specify additional controls for contact

APPROACH AUTOMATIC TOLERANCES

Must be added to a load step (*STEP).

FRICTION ONSET LAGRANGE MULTIPLIER MASTER MAXCHP PERRMX RESET SLAVE SLIDE DISTANCE STABILIZE TANGENT FRACTION

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UERRMX *CONTACT CONTROLS ASSIGNMENT

Assign contact controls for the TYPE = SCALE general contact algorithm PENALTY, NODAL EROSION

*CONTACT DAMPING

Define viscous damping between contacting surfaces

DEFINITION=DAMPI This card is a sub-option NG COEFFICIENT in the *SURFACE INTERACTION card image.

*CONTACT EXCLUSIONS

Specify self-contact surfaces or surface pairings to exclude from the general contact domain

Surface1

*CONTACT FORMULATION

Specify a nondefault contact formulation for the general contact algorithm

TYPE = PURE MASTER-SLAVE

This card is a sub-option in the * CONTACT card image.

*CONTACT INCLUSIONS

Specify self-contact surfaces or surface pairings to include in the general contact domain

ALL ELEMENT BASED

This card is a sub-option in the *CONTACT card image.

Prescribe time-dependent allowable interferences of contact pairs and contact elements

AMPLITUDE

*CONTACT INTERFERENCE

Surface2

ALL EXTERIOR

OP SHRINK TYPE= {CONTACT PAIR, ELEMENT}

*CONTACT PAIR

Define surfaces that contact each other

This card is a sub-option in the *CONTACT card image.

This card is a sub-option in the *CONTACT card image

The Standard template only. Must be added to a load step (*STEP).

ADJUST CPSET EXTENSION ZONE GEOMETRIC CORRECTION HCRIT INTERACTION MECHANICAL CONSTRAINT NO THICKNESS OP SMALL SLIDING SMOOTH SUPPLEMENTARY

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CONSTRAINTS TIED TRACKING TYPE WEIGHT *CONTACT PROPERTY ASSIGNMENT

Assign contact properties for the general contact algorithm

SURFACE1

*CONTROLS

Reset solution controls

OPTIONS (Analysis, Parameters, Reset, Type)

*COUPLING

Define a surface-based coupling constraint where the *SURFACE card points to elements

CONSTRAINT NAME

SURFACE2

INFLUENCE RADIUS ORIENTATION

This card is a sub-option in the *CONTACT card image.

The *COUPLING is also supported as rigid elements (COUP_KIN) and RBE3 (COUP_DIS) when *SURFACE points to nodes.

REF NODE SURFACE *DIAGNOSTICS

Control diagnostic messages

ADAPTIVE MESH = {STEP SUMMARY / SUMMARY / DETAIL / OFF}

Explicit template only. Must be added to a load step (*STEP).

CONTACT INITIAL OVERCLOSURE = {DETAIL / SUMMARY} CUTOFF RATIO DEFORMATION SPEED CHECK = {SUMMARY / DETAIL / OFF} DETECT CROSSED SURFACES = {ON / OFF} PLASTICITY = {SUMMARY / DETAIL / OFF} WARNING RATIO WARPED SURFACE =

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{SUMMARY / DETAIL / OFF} *DISTRIBUTING

Define a distributing coupling constraint

*FASTENER (SPOT Define mesh-independent WELD) fasteners

WEIGHTING METHOD = {UNIFORM, LINEAR, QUADRATIC, CUBIC}

This card is a sub-option in the *COUPLING card image.

ADJUST ORIENTATION

The *FASTENER PROPERTY card is defined from the Property panel.

ATTACHMENT METHOD

It is also supported as COUP_DIS type rbe3 elements.

COUPLING ELSET INTERACTION NAME NUMBER OF LAYERS ORIENTATION PROPERTY RADIUS OF INFLUENCE REFERENCE NODE SET SEARCH RADIUS WEIGHTING METHOD UNSORTED *FILTER

Define a filter for output filtering NAME TYPE= {BUTTERWORTH, CHEBYS1, CHEBYS2}

*FIXED MASS SCALING

Specify mass scaling at the beginning of the step

DT ELSET TYPE= {BELOW MIN, UNIFORM, SET EQUAL DT}

Explicit template only

Explicit template only. Must be added to a load step (*STEP).

FACTOR

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*FRICTION

Specify a friction model

ANISOTROPIC EXPONENTIAL DECAY TAUMAX

This card is a sub-option in the *SURFACE INTERACTION card image.

DEPENDENCIES ROUGH USER ELASTIC SLIP LAGRANGE SLIP TOLERANCE DEPVAR PROPERTIES *FRICTION

Specify a friction model

ANISOTROPIC EXPONENTIAL DECAY

This card is a sub-option in the *CHANGE FRICTION card image.

TAUMAX DEPENDENCIES ROUGH USER ELASTIC SLIP LAGRANGE SLIP TOLERANCE DEPVAR PROPERTIES *INTEGRATED OUTPUT SECTION

Define an integrated output section over a surface with a local coordinate system and a reference point

NAME SURFACE REF NODE ORIENTATION PROJECT ORIENTATION POSITION = { INPUT, CENTER} REF NODE MOTION = {INDEPENDENT, AVERAGE TRANSLATION, AVERAGE}

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1020 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*KINEMATIC

Define a kinematic coupling constraint

dof1, dof2

This card is a sub-option in the *COUPLING card image. It is also supported as COUP_KIN type rigid elements.

*MODEL CHANGE

Remove or reactivate elements ACTIVATE and contact pairs ADD = {STRAIN FREE, WITH STRAIN} REMOVE

*PRE-TENSION SECTION

Associate a pre-tension node with a pre-tension section

The Standard template only. Must be added to a load step (*STEP).

NODE NSET ELEMENT SURFACE

*SHELL TO SOLID COUPLING

Define a surface-based coupling between a shell edge and a solid face

CONSTRAINT NAME INFLUENCE DISTANCE

The EDGE BASED surfaces can be created from the Contact Manager.

POSITION TOLERANCE *SURFACE

Define a surface or region in a model

NAME

For analytical rigid surfaces (TYPE= SEGMENTS, CYLINDER, TYPE= {ELEMENT, REVOLUTION), NODE, SEGMENTS, corresponding *RIGID CYLINDER, BODY card should also be REVOLUTION, created from the collector CUTTING panel. SURFACE} TRIM

CROP COMBINE = {UNION, INTERSECTION, DIFFERENCE} Type Material *SURFACE BEHAVIOR

Define alternative pressureoverclosure relationships for contact

NO SEPARATION PRESSUREOVERCLOSURE= {HARD,

1021 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

This card is a sub-option in the *SURFACE INTERACTION card image.

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EXPONENTIAL, LINEAR, TABULAR} AUGMENTED LAGRANGE PENALTY *SURFACE INTERACTION

Define surface interaction properties

PAD THICKNESS

*SURFACE PROPERTY ASSIGNMENT

Assign surface properties to a surface for the general contact algorithm

PROPERTY = (FEATURE EDGE CRITERIA, THICKNESS OF FSET FRACTION)

*TIE

POSITION Define surface-based tie and cyclic symmetry constraints or TOLERANCE coupled acoustic-structural TIED NSET interactions ADJUST

USER

Explicit template only. This card is defined from the Property panel in case of Standard 3D and Standard 2D templates. This card is a sub-option in the *CONTACT card image.

CYCLIC SYMMETRY NO ROTATION TYPE NO THICKNESS CYCLIC SYMMETRY CONSTRAIN RATIO *VARIABLE MASS SCALING

Specify mass scaling during the step

DT

Explicit template only.

ELSET TYPE= {BELOW MIN, UNIFORM, SET EQUAL DT, ROLLING}

Must be added to a load step (*STEP).

FREQUENCY NUMBER INTERVAL CROSS SECTION NODES EXTRUDED LENGTH

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1022 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

FEED RATE . LS-DYNA

Groups can be created and edited from the Interface panel (Configurations 1-4), Rigid Wall panel (Configuration 5), and Ale Setup panel (Configuration 6). An LS-DYNA entity that utilizes a *SET_ [NODE, SHELL, PART, etc.] keyword card belongs to a group, with the exception of Rigid Bodies/ RBE2’s. REVIEW allows you to efficiently visualize the entities defining master and slave. A transparency mode as well as the ability to turn on/off master and slave entities is also available. In review mode, review opts allows you to customize the graphical review of the interfaces. The Interface panel allows you to define groups with HyperMesh configurations of 1, 2, 3, and 4. The difference among these configurations is the type of entities contained within the group. Config 1

Holds master and slave elements.

Config 2

Holds master elements and slave nodes.

Config 3

Holds slave elements.

Config 4

Holds slave nodes.

The Rigid Wall panel allows you to define a group with the HyperMesh configuration 5. This group configuration holds the additional geometric data for LS-DYNA rigid wall definitions. Sliding Interfaces Accessed via the Rigid Wall panel. The Keyword _TITLE option is supported. The _THERMAL(IREAD==3) option is not supported. Use the additional cards option in Keyword decks to select number of lines of data. If this is on, two additional cards are available. In Structured, additional cards are controlled by using the IREAD variable. Valid values are 0, 1, and 2. Boxes, part sets, and sets are supported. The $HMNAME fields are used for names. When using the _TITLE option, the 70-character field is considered a comment. If the line following the keyword (No TITLE option), or the first line of the Structured card contains $HM_NAME, the name supplied is read and used as the group's name. If the string $HM_ID also exists, this is used as the group’s ID. NAME is 16 characters, starting in Column 9. ID field is 8 characters, starting in Column 35.

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The HyperMesh interface type defines the general type of the LS-DYNA Sliding Interface. Use the card previewer to make changes to the LS-DYNA type. HyperMesh

Option

Keyword *CONTACT_ Structured

SlidingOnly

Defines a *CONTACT_SLIDING_ONLY_option card. Off



Type 1

On

PENALTY

Type p1

SurfaceToSurfa Defines a *CONTACT_option_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE card. ce None



Type 3

Automatic

AUTOMATIC_

Type a3

The None and Automatic options have an additional option to define a OneWayInterface. If this option is on, the following cards are created. None and OneWay

ONE_WAY_

Type 10

Automatic and OneWay

AUTOMATIC_ONE_W AY_

Type a10

Constraint

CONSTRAINT_

Type 17

Eroding

ERODING_

Type 14

TieBreak

TIEBREAK_

Type 9

Tied

TIED

Type 2

Tied and offset

TIED_OFFSET

Tiedshell

TIED_SHELL_EDGE

Tiedshell and offset

TIED_SHELL_EDGE_ OFFSET

The Tied option has an additional option to define OFFSET.

NodesToSurfac Defines a *CONTACT_option_NODES_TO_SURFACE card. e

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1024 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

None



Type 5

Automatic

AUTOMATIC

Type a5

Constraint

CONSTRAINT_

Type 18

Eroding

ERODING_

Type 16

TieBreak

TIEBREAK_

Type 8

The Tied option has an additional option to define OFFSET.

SingleSurface

Tied

TIED_

Tied and offset

TIED_OFFSET

Type 6

Defines a *CONTACT_option_SINGLE_SURFACE card. none



Type 4

Automatic

AUTOMATIC_

Type 13

Airbag

AIRBAG_

Type a13

Eroding

ERODING_

Type 15

RgdBodyToRgd Defines a *CONTACT_RIGID_BODY_option_TO RIGID_BODY card Body Off

ONE_WAY_

Type 21

On

TWO_WAY_

Type 19

RgdNodeToRgd N/A Body

RIGID_NODES_TO_RI Type 20 GID BODY

DrawBead

N/A

DRAW_BEAD

Interior

Defines a *CONTACT_INTERIOR card.

Type 23

AutomaticGene Defines a *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_GENERAL card. ral ForceTransduc er

Defines a *CONTACT_FORCE_TRANSDUCER_option card

1025 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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On

PENALTY

Off

CONSTRAINT

ContactSpotwel Defines a *CONTACT_SPOTWELD card d none Torsion

WITH_TORSION

ContactSIngEd Defines a *CONTACT_SINGLE_EDGE card ge

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*ALE_MULTIDefines the appropriate ALE PSID TBD MATERIAL_GROUP material groupings for interface reconstruction when many ALE Multi-Material Groups are present in a model. *ALE_REFERENCE Defines a motion and/or a _ deformation prescribed for a SYSTEM_CURVE geometric entity (where a geometric entity may be any part, part set, node set or segment set).

curveCount

*ALE_REFERENCE Used to associate a geometric SID TBD, PRTYPE, _ entity to a reference system XC, YC, ZC, EXPLIM SYSTEM_GROUP type. *ALE_REFERENCE Defines a group of nodes that _ control the motion of an ALE SYSTEM_NODE mesh.

NodeCount

*ALE_REFERENCE Allows many choices of the _ reference system types for SYSTEM_SWITCH any ALE geometric entity.

T1 - T7

*ALE_SMOOTHING Smoothing constraint that keeps a node at its initial parametric location along a line between two other nodes.

IPRE, SNID TBD, MNID1 TBD, MNID2 TBD

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TYPE1 - TYPE8 IdCount

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1026 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*ALE_TANK_TEST

Allows for the airbag information input of the control volume approach to be used as input for the ALE/Eulerian fluid-structure interaction model of the airbag.

MDOTLC, TANKVOL, PAMB, PFINAL, MACHLIM, VELMAX, AORIF, AMMGIDG, AMMGIDA, NUMPNT

*BOUNDARY_AMBI Defines the IDs of 2 load ENT_ curves: 1) internal energy per EOS unit reference specific volume and 2) relative volume.

PID, LCID

*BOUNDARY_FLUX Define flux boundary _SET conditions for a thermal or coupled thermal/structural analysis.

LCID, MLC1-4, LOC

*BOUNDARY_SPH _FLOW

Define a flow of particle

STYP, DOF, VAD, LCID, SF, DEATH, BIRTH, VID

*CONSTRAINED_E XTRA_ NODES_NODE

Define extra nodes for rigid body.

XtraNodeSetHelp

*CONSTRAINED_E XTRA_ NODES_SET

Define extra nodes for rigid body.

XtraNodeSetHelp

Heat Flux Options (None, Function vs. Time, Function vs. Temperature)

TITLE, NQUAD, *CONSTRAINED_ Provides the coupling LAGRANGE_IN_SO mechanism for modeling Fluid- CTYPE, DIREC, MCOUP, PSID TBD LID Structure Interaction. (START/END), PFAC, FRIC, FRCMIN, NORM, NORMTYP, DAMP, CQ, HMIN, HMAX, ILEAK, LCIDPOR, NVENT, IBLOCk MCOUP_SetMultiMa tGrp PFAC_curve OptionalCard *CONSTRAINED_RI Merge two rigid bodies.

n/a

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GID_ BODIES SNSID TBD *CONSTRAINED_TI Define a tied shell edge to Eshell edge interface that can MNSID TBD BREAK release locally as a function of plastic strain of the shells surrounding the interface nodes. *CONSTRAINED_TI Define a tied node set with ED_ failure based on plastic strain. NODES_FAILURE

EPPF, ETYPE, NSID TBD

*CONTACT_AIRBA Define a contact interface. G_ SINGLE_SURFACE (ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

TiedNodesFailureHel p

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption Additional Cards HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_AIRBA G_ SINGLE_SURFACE _MPP (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards *CONTACT_AUTO_ Move the master surface in a MOVE contact definition to close an

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CID, VID, LCID, ATIME

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1028 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

initial gap between the slave and master surfaces. *CONTACT_AUTOM Define a contact interface. ATIC_ GENERAL(ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp interiorOption mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_AUTOM Define a contact interface. ATIC_ GENERAL_INTERI OR(ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ GENERAL_INTERI OR_ MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

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HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ GENERAL_MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp interiorOption OptionalCard AdditionalCards *CONTACT_AUTOM Define a contact interface. ATIC_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE(ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp SMOOTH mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE_ MPP(ID)

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HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, MSID TBD,FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1030 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards *CONTACT_AUTOM Define a contact interface. ATIC_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE_ SMOOTH(ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, MSID TBD,FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE_ SMOOTH_MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ ONE_WAY_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE(ID)

mppOption AdditionalCards

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*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ ONE_WAY_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE_SMOO TH(ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ ONE_WAY_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE_TIEBR EAK (ID)

HEADING, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, SFLS, CN SlaveMasterAddHelp

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SINGLE_SURFACE (ID)

HEADING, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp SMOOTH mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SINGLE_SURFACE _MPP (ID)

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HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, MSID TBD,FS, FD,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1032 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp SMOOTH OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SINGLE_SURFACE _ SMOOTH(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, MSID TBD,FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SINGLE_SURFACE _ SMOOTH_MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC,

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE

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(ID)

VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ MPP(ID)

HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, MSID TBD,FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ SMOOTH(ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ SMOOTH_MPP(ID)

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HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, MSID TBD,FS, FD,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1034 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, OPTION, SFLS

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ TIEBREAK(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, MSID TBD,FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_AUTOM ATIC_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ TIEBREAK_MPP (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST,

*CONTACT_CONST RAINT_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE(ID)

1035 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

SFMT, FSF, VSF, KPF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_CONST RAINT_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE_ MPP(ID)

HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, KPF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_CONST RAINT_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE (ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, KPF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_CONST RAINT_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ MPP(ID)

Altair Engineering

HEADING, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID TBD, FS, FD, DC, VC,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1036 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, KPF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCIDRF, LCIDNF, DBDTH, DFSCL, NUMINT, DBPID, ELOFF

*CONTACT_DRAW BEAD (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCIDRF, LCIDNF, DBDTH, DFSCL, NUMINT, DBPID, ELOFF

*CONTACT_DRAW BEAD_ MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards *CONTACT_ENTITY Define a contact entity

PARTID, SF, df, cf, intord, SSID, BT, DT,

1037 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

(ID)

SO, GO, AX, AY, AZ, BX, BY, BZ, InOut ContEntityHelp mppOption

*CONTACT_ENTITY _MPP (ID)

TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, PARTID, SF, df, cf, intord, SSID, BT, DT, SO, GO, AX, AY, AZ, BX, BY, BZ, InOut ContEntityHelp OptionalCard

*CONTACT_ERODI NG_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE(ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, ISYM, EROSOP, IADJ SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_ERODI NG_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE_ MPP(ID)

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Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1038 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

FSF, VSF, ISYM, EROSOP, IADJ SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, ISYM, EROSOP, IADJ

*CONTACT_ERODI NG_ SINGLE_SURFACE (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, ISYM, EROSOP, IADJ

*CONTACT_ERODI NG_ SINGLE_SURFACE _MPP (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST,

*CONTACT_ERODI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE (ID)

1039 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

SFMT, FSF, VSF, ISYM, EROSOP, IADF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_ERODI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, ISYM, EROSOP, IADF SlaveMasterAddHelp

*CONTACT_FORCE _ TRANSDUCER_ CONSTRAINT(ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_FORCE _ TRANSDUCER_ CONSTRAINT_MPP (ID)

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Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1040 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORCE _ TRANSDUCER_PE NALTY (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORCE _ TRANSDUCER_PE NALTY_ MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE(ID)

1041 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

SlaveMasterAddHelp SMOOTH mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_FORMI NG_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE_ SMOOTH(ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE_ SMOOTH_MPP(ID)

Altair Engineering

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1042 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ ONEWAY_SURFA CE_TO_ SURFACE(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp SMOOTH mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ ONEWAY_SURFA CE_TO_ SURFACE_CONST RAINED _OFFSET(ID)

SMOOTH Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ ONEWAY_SURFA CE_TO_ SURFACE_CONST RAINED _OFFSET_MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp SMOOTH OptionalCard

1043 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

AdditionalCards *CONTACT_FORMI NG_ ONEWAY_SURFA CE_TO_ SURFACE_CONST RAINED _OFFSET_SMOOT H(ID)

Heading, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ ONEWAY_SURFA CE_TO_ SURFACE_CONST RAINED _OFFSET_SMOOT H_MPP (ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ ONEWAY_SURFA CE_TO_ SURFACE_MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1044 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ ONEWAY_SURFA CE_TO_ SURFACE_SMOOT H(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ ONEWAY_SURFA CE_TO_ SURFACE_SMOOT H_ MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_FORMI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_

SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT,

1045 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CONSTRAINED_OF FSET (ID)

SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay, SMOOTH mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF OneWay, SMOOTH OptionalCard

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET_ SMOOTH(ID)

SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay, SMOOTH mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET_ SMOOTH_mpp(ID)

Altair Engineering

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1046 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF OneWay, SMOOTH OptionalCard Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ SMOOTH(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR,

*CONTACT_FORMI NG_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ SMOOTH_MPP(ID)

1047 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards *CONTACT_INTERI OR(ID)

Define interior contact for foam PSID hexahedral and tetrahedral SlaveDefnSelectHelp elements. mppOption

*CONTACT_INTERI OR_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, PSID

*CONTACT_NODES _TO_ SURFACE(ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp SMOOTH mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_NODES _TO_ SURFACE_ INTERFERENCE (ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, FSF, VSF, LCID1, LCID2 SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1048 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID1, LCID2

*CONTACT_NODES _TO_ SURFACE_ INTERFERENCE_M PP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_NODES _TO_ SURFACE_MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp SMOOTH OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST,

*CONTACT_NODES _TO_ SURFACE_SMOOT H(ID)

1049 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_NODES _TO_ SURFACE_SMOOT H_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_ONE_ WAY_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE (ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_ONE_ WAY_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ INTERFERENCE (ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, FSF, VSF, LCID1, LCID2 SlaveMasterAddHelp

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1050 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_ONE_ WAY_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ INTERFERENCE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET (ID)

Heading, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID1, LCID2 SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_ONE_ WAY_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ INTERFERENCE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET_ MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT,

*CONTACT_ONE_ WAY_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ INTERFERENCE_M PP(ID)

1051 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

FSF, VSF, LCID1, LCID2 SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards *CONTACT_ONE_ WAY_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_ONE_ WAY_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ SMOOTH(ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_ONE_ WAY_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ SMOOTH_MPP(ID)

Altair Engineering

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1052 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards *CONTACT_RIGID_ BODY_ ONE_WAY_TO_RI GID_ BODY(ID)

Define rigid surface contact.

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID, FCM, US, LCDC, DSF, UNLCID SlaveMasterAddHelp TwoWayOption mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID, FCM, US, LCDC, DSF, UNLCID

*CONTACT_RIGID_ BODY_ ONE_WAY_TO_RI GID_ BODY_MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp TwoWayOption OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID,

*CONTACT_RIGID_ BODY_

1053 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

TWO_WAY_TO_RI GID_ BODY(ID)

FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID, FCM, US, LCDC, DSF, UNLCID SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_RIGID_ BODY_ TWO_WAY_TO_RI GID_ BODY_MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID, FCM, US, LCDC, DSF, UNLCID SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_RIGID_ NODES _TO_RIGID_BODY (ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID, FCM, US, LCDC, DSF, UNLCID SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_RIGID_

Altair Engineering

Heading, TRACKPEN,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1054 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID, FCM, US, LCDC, DSF, UNLCID

NODES _TO_RIGID_BODY_ MPP (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards BOXID, SEGID, FS, FD, DC, VC, LCIDX, LCIDY, LCIDZ, FSLCID, FDLCID, SFS, STTHK, SFTHK, XPENE, BSORT

*CONTACT_RIGID_ SURFACE(ID)

mppOption *CONTACT_RIGID_ SURFACE_MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, BOXID, SEGID, FS, FD, DC, VC, LCIDX, LCIDY, LCIDZ, FSLCID, FDLCID, SFS, STTHK, SFTHK, XPENE, BSORT

*CONTACT_SINGL E_ EDGE(ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT,

1055 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_SINGL E_ EDGE_MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, MSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_SINGL E_ SURFACE(ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_SINGL E_ SURFACE_MPP(ID)

Altair Engineering

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1056 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_SLIDIN G_ ONLY(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp PenaltyOption mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_SLIDIN G_ ONLY_MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_SLIDIN G_ ONLY_PENALTY (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp PenaltyOption

1057 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_SLIDIN G_ ONLY_PENALTY_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_SPOT WELD (ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp Options (None, Torsion) mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_SPOT WELD_ MPP(ID)

Altair Engineering

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1058 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_SPOT WELD_ WITH_TORSION(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp Options (None, Torsion) mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, SSID, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_SPOT WELD_ WITH_TORSION_M PP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp

1059 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE_ INTERFERENCE (ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID1, LCID2 SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE_ INTERFERENCE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID1, LCID2 SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE_ INTERFERENCE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET_ MPP(ID)

Altair Engineering

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1060 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID1, LCID2 SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay OptionalCard AdditionalCard Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, LCID1, LCID2

*CONTACT_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE_ INTERFERENCE_M PP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE_MPP (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp

1061 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET OptionalCard AdditionalCards *CONTACT_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE_SMOO TH(ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay, THERMAL, SMOOTH mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_SURFA CE_TO _SURFACE_SMOO TH_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay, THERMAL, SMOOH OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_THERM AL_ SURFACE_TO_SU

Altair Engineering

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1062 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, K, FRAD, H0, LMIN, LMAX, CHLM, BC_FLAG, ALGO

RFACE_(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay, THERMAL, SMOOTH mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD. SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, K, FRAD, H0, LMIN, LMAX, CHLM, BC_FLAG, ALGO

*CONTACT_THERM AL_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OneWay, THERMAL, SMOOTH OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST,

*CONTACT_TIEBRE AK_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE(ID)

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SFMT, FSF, VSF, NFLF, SFLF, NEN, MES SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_TIEBRE AK_ NODES_TO_SURF ACE_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, NFLF, SFLF, NEN, MES SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_TIEBRE AK_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE (ID)

Heading, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, NFLS, SFLS, TBLCID, THKOFF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_TIEBRE AK_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ MPP(ID)

Altair Engineering

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1064 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CPARM8, SSID TBD, MSID TBD, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFST, SFMT, FSF, VSF, NFLS, SFLS, TBLCID, THKOFF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_N ODES_ TO_SURFACE(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET mppOption AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_N ODES_ TO_SURFACE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN,

*CONTACT_TIED_N ODES_

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TO_SURFACE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET_ MPP(ID)

BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_TIED_N ODES_ TO_SURFACE_MP P(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_TIED_N ODES_ TO_SURFACE_OF FSET (ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1066 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_N ODES_ TO_SURFACE_OF FSET _MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_S HELL_ EDGE_TO_SURFA CE(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp TiedOptions (None, Offset, BeamOffset, Constrained Offset) mppOption AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM,

*CONTACT_TIED_S HELL_ EDGE_TO_SURFA CE_ BEAM_OFFSET(ID)

1067 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards *CONTACT_TIED_S HELL_ EDGE_TO_SURFA CE_ BEAM_OFFSET_M PP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_TIED_S HELL_ EDGE_TO_SURFA CE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET (ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_TIED_S HELL_ EDGE_TO_SURFA CE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET_ MPP(ID)

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Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1068 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_S HELL_ EDGE_TO_SURFA CE_ MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_S HELL_ EDGE_TO_SURFA CE_ OFFSET(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_S HELL_ EDGE_TO_SURFA CE_ OFFSET_MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp

1069 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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OptionalCard AdditionalCards *CONTACT_TIED_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE (ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_TIED_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET (ID)

HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp OFFSET CONSTRAINED_OF FSET mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_TIED_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ CONSTRAINED_OF FSET_ MPP(ID)

Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF SlaveMasterAddHelp

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1070 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

OptionalCard AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard AdditionalCards HEADING, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ OFFSET(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp mppOption AdditionalCards Heading, TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, SBOXID, MBOXID, SPR, MPR, FS, FD, DC, VC, VDC, PENCHK, BT, DT, SFS, SFM, SST, MST, SFMT, FSF, VSF

*CONTACT_TIED_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ OFFSET_MPP(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp OptionalCard

1071 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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AdditionalCards *CONTACT_TIED_ SURFACE_TO_SU RFACE_ TITLE(ID)

*CONTACT_2D_ Define a 2-dimensional AUTOMATIC_SURF contact or slide line. ACE_ TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_2D_ AUTOMATIC_SURF ACE_ TO_SURFACE_THE RMAL_ TITLE(ID)

Dyna_Name, SFACT, FREQ, FS, FD, DC, MEMBS, TBIRTH, TDEATH, SOS, SOM, NDS, NDM, IPF, INIT, K, FRAD, H0, LMIN, LMAX, CHLM, BC_FLAG, ALGO SlaveMasterAddHelp Options (Automatic) mppOption AdditionalCards

*CONTACT_2D_ AUTOMATIC_SURF ACE_ TO_SURFACE_THE RMAL_ TITLE_MPP(ID)

TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, Dyna_Name, SFACT, FREQ, FS, FD, DC, MEMBS, TBIRTH, TDEATH, SOS, SOM, NDS, NDM, IPF, INIT, K, FRAD, H0, LMIN, LMAX, CHLM, BC_FLAG, ALGO SlaveMasterAddHelp Options (Automatic) OptionalCard AdditionalCards

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1072 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Dyna_Name, SFACT, FREQ, FS, FD, DC, MEMBS, TBIRTH, TDEATH, SOS, SOM, NDS, NDM, IPF, INIT

*CONTACT_2D_ AUTOMATIC_SURF ACE_ TO_SURFACE_TITL E(ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp Options (Automatic) THERMAL mppOption AdditionalCards TRACKPEN, BUCKET, LCBUCKET, NSEG2TRACK, INITITER, PARMAX, CPARM8, Dyna_Name, SFACT, FREQ, FS, FD, DC, MEMBS, TBIRTH, TDEATH, SOS, SOM, NDS, NDM, IPF, INIT

*CONTACT_2D_ AUTOMATIC_SURF ACE_ TO_SURFACE_TITL E_MPP (ID)

SlaveMasterAddHelp Options (Automatic) THERMAL OptionalCard AdditionalCards *DATABASE_CRO SS_ SECTION_SET(ID)

Define a cross section for resultant forces written to ASCII file SECFORC.

Dyna_Name, HSID, BSID, SSID, TSID, DSID, PID DatabaseXSectSetH elp LocalSystemFlag (RigidBody, Accelerometer, Coordinate ID)

*DATABASE_CRO SS_ SECTION_PLANE (ID)

XsectionPlane

PSID TBD

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Altair Engineering

*DATABASE_FSI

Used to output information about certain coupled Lagrangian surfaces.

PSID TBD

*DATABASE_NOD AL_ FORCE_GROUP

Define a nodal force group for output into ASCII file NODFOR and the binary file XTFILE.

CID

*ELEMENT_TRIM

Define a part subset to be trimmed by *DEFINE_CURVE_TRIM

*INITIAL_GAS_MIXT Used to specify a) which ALE URE multi-material groups may be present inside an ALE mesh set at time zero and b) the corresponding reference gas temperature and density which define the initial thermodynamic state of the gases.

MMGID

*INITIAL_VOID (PART and SET)

n/a

Define initial voided part set IDs or part numbers.

TEMP PSID TBD RO1 - RO8

*INITIAL_VOLUME_ Define initial volume fractions FRACTION of different materials in multimaterial ALE elements. *INITIAL_VOLUME_ Volume filling command for FRACTION_GEOM defining the volume fractions of ETRY various ALE multi-material group that can occupy certain regions in some specified ALE mesh set.

BAMMG

*INTERFACE_ Define an interface for linking COMPONENT_NOD calculations. E

n/a

*INTERFACE_ Define an interface for linking COMPONENT_SEG calculations. MENT

n/a

Altair Engineering

NTRACE FILLOPT FAMMG

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1074 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*INTERFACE_LINKI Define an interface for linking NG_ discrete nodes to an interface DISCRETE_NODE_ file. SET

IFID Edge

*INTERFACE_LINKI Define an interface for linking a IFID NG_ series of nodes in a shell EDGE structure to an interface file for the second analysis using L=isf2 on the execution command line. *INTERFACE_LINKI Define an interface for linking NG_ segments to an interface file SEGMENT for the second analysis using L=isf2 on the execution command line.

IFID

*RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _CYLINDER_ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, BIRTH, DEATH, Fric

Define a rigid wall with an analytically described form.

*RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _CYLINDER_MOTI ON_ID *RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _FLAT_ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, BIRTH, DEATH, Fric

Define a rigid wall with an analytically described form.

Name, exclude, BOXID, BIRTH, DEATH, Fric

*RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _FLAT (FINITE) *RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _FLAT_MOTION_ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, BIRTH, DEATH, Fric

*RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _FLAT_MOTION (FINITE) *RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _PRISM_ID

Define a rigid wall with an analytically described form.

Name, exclude, BOXID, BIRTH, DEATH, Fric

1075 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

*RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _PRISM_ID (FINITE) *RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _PRISM_MOTION_I D

Name, exclude, BOXID, BIRTH, DEATH, Fric

*RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _PRISM_MOTION (FINITE) *RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _SPHERE_ID

Define a rigid wall with an analytically described form.

Name, exclude, BOXID, BIRTH, DEATH, Fric

*RIGIDWALL_GEO METRIC _SPHERE_MOTION _ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, BIRTH, DEATH, Fric

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN Define planar rigid walls with AR_ID either finite or infinite size.

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric OrthoOpt Force

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ FINITE(ID)

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric OrthoOpt Force

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ FINITE_FORCES_I D

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SOFT, SSID, N1-N2

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN

Name, exclude,

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AR_ FINITE_FORCES_M OVING (ID)

BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, mass, SOFT, SSID, N1-NR

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ FINITE_MOVING_ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, mass

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ FORCE_ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SOFT, SSID, N1-N4

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ FORCES_MOVING (ID)

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, mass, SOFT, SSID, N1-N4

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ MOVING(ID)

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, mass OrthoOpt Force

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ ORTHO(ID)

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SfricA, SfricB, DfricA, DfricB, DecayA, DecayB, Node1, Node2 VectorOption Force

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ ORTHO_FINITE_ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SfricA, SfricB, DfricA, DfricB,

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DecayA, DecayB, Node VectorOption Force *RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ ORTHO_FINITE_FO RCES (ID)

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SfricA, SfricB, DfricA, DfricB, DecayA, DecayB, Node1, Node2, SOFT, SSID, N1-N4

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ ORTHO_FINITE_M OVING_ ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SfricA, SfricB, DfricA, DfricB, DecayA, DecayB, Node1, Node2, mass

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ ORTHO_FINITE_FO RCES_ MOVING_ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SfricA, SfricB, DfricA, DfricB, DecayA, DecayB, Node1, Node2, mass, SOFT, SSID, N1-N4

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ ORTHO_FORCES (ID)

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SfricA, SfricB, DfricA, DfricB, DecayA, DecayB, Node, SOFT, SSID, N1-N4 VectorOption

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*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ ORTHO_FORCES_ MOVING_ID

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SfricA, SfricB, DfricA, DfricB, DecayA, DecayB, Node1, Node2, mass, SOFT, SSID, N1-N4

*RIGIDWALL_PLAN AR_ ORTHO_MOVING_I D

Name, exclude, BOXID, OFFSET, BIRTH, DEATH, RWKSF, Fric, SfricA, SfricB, DfricA, DfricB, DecayA, DecayB, Node1, Node2, mass VectorOption Force

*SET_MULTIMATERIAL_GROUP _LIST (TITLE)

Defines an ALE multi-material set ID which contains a collection of one or more ALE multi-material group IDs.

AMMGID1 AMMGID8

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

CONTACT.FE_FE

Selects groups of FE objects to be used as master and slave surfaces in a contact calculation, and allows the user to specify the contact method.

CONTACT_SURFAC E, SWITCH, CONTACT_METHOD , CONTACT_FORCE, INITIAL_PEN_TRAC K, REDUCTION_FACT OR, MAX_FORCE_PAR, DAMP_COEF,

After creating the CONTACT, add both SURFACEs:

MADYMO

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master: Select sets and add desired GROUP_FEs as set references to the MASTER_SURFACE. slave: Select 'sets' and add desired GROUP_FEs as set references to the

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TIME_STEP, FRIC_FUNC, GAP_TYPE, GAP_FUNC, CONTACT_FORCE

CONTACT.MB_FE

SLAVE_SURFACE.

Defined on the card of the parent CONTACT. Defines a contact between multibody surfaces (master surface) and finite element surfaces (slave surface).

CONTACT_FORCE, CONTACT_TYPE, CONTACT_AREA,

After creating the CONTACT, add both SURFACEs: master: Select 'sets' and add desired GROUP_MBs as set references to the MASTER_SURFACE. slave: Select 'sets' and add desired GROUP_FEs as set references to the SLAVE_SURFACE.

CONTACT.MB_MB

Selects groups of multibody surfaces to be used as master (planes, cylinders and ellipsoids) and slave (ellipsoids) in a contact calculation, and allows the user to specify contact detection parameters. Friction, contact damping and damping amplification can also be specified.

EVALUATION_TYPE , BOUNDARY_WIDTH , INITIAL_TYPE, FRIC_COEF, DAMP_COEF, DAMP_AMP_FUNC, DAMP_VEL_FUNC, SWITCH, CONTACT_FORCE, CONTACT_TYPE FRIC_FUNC,

After creating the CONTACT, add both SURFACEs:

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

master: Select sets and add desired GROUP_MBs as set references to the MASTER_SURFACE. slave: Select sets and add desired GROUP_MBs as set references to the SLAVE_SURFACE. .

MARC

Supported Card

Body 3D Deformable Body 3D Rigid Contact Header

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Contact Table

Nastran

Contact, thermal analysis definitions and non-structural mass are represented using group entities Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

BCBODY

Defines a flexible or rigid contact body in 2D or 3D.

BID, DIM, BEHAV, BSID, ISTYP, FRIC, IDSPL, CONTROL, 3D, DEFORM, NLOAD, ANGVEL, DCOS1, DCOS3, VELRB1, VELRB2, VELRB3

Defined using the interfaces panel

BCTABLE

Defines a contact table.

BSURF

Defines a contact body or surface defined by Element IDs.

LIST OF ELEMENTS Defined using the interfaces panel

BSURFS

3D Contact Region Definition by Solid Elements.

LIST OF ELEMENTS NX Nastran only. Defined using the interfaces panel

CONDUCTION

Defines CHBDYE slave elements used for thermal conduction analysis.

Defined using the interfaces panel

CONVECTION

Defines CHBDYE slave elements used for thermal conduction analysis, and also allows for CONV continuation cards to be defined.

Defined using the interfaces panel

NSM1

Defines non-structural mass per unit length/area on properties or elements.

Defined using the nsm panel

NSML1

Defines lumped non-structural mass on properties or

Defined using the nsm panel

Use BCTABLE Manager tool to create BCTABLE, located in the utilities tab inside NASTRAN1

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elements. PCONV

Specifies the free convection boundary condition properties of a boundary condition surface element used for heat transfer analysis.

Defined using the interfaces panel

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Card

Solver Description

CNTAC / Type 1

Contact Interface

CNTAC / Type 10

Internal solid anticollapse contact

Supported Parameters

Notes

CNTAC / Type 13 CNTAC / Type 14 CNTAC / Type 15 CNTAC / Type 16 CNTAC / Type 17 CNTAC / Type 18 CNTAC / Type 19 CNTAC / Type 21

Body to multiplane contact

CNTAC / Type 33

Symmetric node-to-segment contact with edge treatment

CNTAC / Type 34

Non-symmetric node-tosegment contact with edge treatment

CNTAC / Type 36

Self-impacting node-tosegment contact with edge

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treatment CNTAC / Type 37

Enhanced self-impact contact for airbag

CNTAC / Type 44

Node-to-segment contact with smoothing for shock

CNTAC / Type 46

Edge-to-edge self-impacting contact

CNTAC / Type 54

Non-symmetric node-tosegment contact with edge treatment and zero contact thickness

MASS_GES / NSMAS /

Non structural mass

SECFO_CONTACT / SECFO_PLANE

Section definition for force output

IFRA TITLE R

SECFO_SECTION /

Transmission forces are supported through the Interfaces panel. Slave nodes and master elements define the cross section. To define nonshell elements, create an entity set first. The master definition must be by sets.

Section definition for force output

SECFO_SUPPORT / SECFO_VOLFRAC / TIED /

Node-to-surface tied interface

PERMAS

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The following cards are supported in the PERMAS interface: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

$CONTACT

Contact definitions

NODE/SURFNODE TO NODE/ SURFNODE/ GROUND

Notes

SURFACE TO NODE/ SURFNODE/ SURFACE/GROUND FRICTION OUTTOL (Surface contact) DISTOL (Surface contact) CONTSYS $MPC ISURFACE

Coupling of two surfaces

DPDOFS DOFTYPE = DISP DPITYP = (NODE/ SURFNODE)

For more information on MPC cards and using duplicate ID pools, see the Permas Interface Overview topic.

CELLPART DISTOL OUTTOL $MPC WLSSURFACE/ WLDSURFACE

Weld connection between nodes and surfaces

ISURFACE

$PRETENSION PLANE

Pretension definition without detailing the threaded connection.

PLANE NODE TO NODE/ SURFNODE/ GROUND

For more information on MPC cards and using duplicate ID pools, see the Permas Interface Overview topic.

PLANE SURFACE TO NODE/ SURFNODE/ GROUND PLANE SURFNODE TO SURFNODE/ NODE/GROUND PREDIR={NORMAL/

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system and axis/ vector} ORTDIR={JOIN/ FREE} GUIDING={AUTO/ CONTACT/ PRESCRIBE/ EXTERNAL/FREE} DISTOL OUTTOL $PRETENSION THREAD

Modeling a threaded pretension section

THREAD NODE TO NODE/SURFNODE/ GROUND THREAD SURFACE TO NODE/ SURFNODE/ GROUND THREAD SURFNODE TO SURFNODE/NODE/ GROUND {PREDIR/ SCREWDIR}= {system and axis/ vector} ALPHA RADIAL={JOIN/ FREE} PITCH CIRCUM={JOIN/ FREE} GUIDING DISTTOL OUTTOL

Samcef The following cards are supported in the Samcef interface: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

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Notes

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.MCT

Defines a flexible contact

For more information about the supported parameters see the topic Contact .MCT

.STI

Defines a glue contact

For more information about the supported parameters see the topic Contact .STI

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Model Setup

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Load Steps Load step entities are used to define and store load cases for a given analysis. Load steps are defined by selecting the associated load collectors and output blocks which define the load step. Load steps are shown under the Loadstep folder within the Model Browser. Some solver interfaces also support the Load Step Browser to create and edit load steps. Load steps have a display state, on or off, which controls the display state of load collectors associated with the load step in the graphics area. The display state of a load step can be controlled using the icon next to the load step entity in the Model Browser. Load steps also have an active and export state. The active state of a load step controls the display state of the load step and the listing of the load step in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a load step entity is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a load step entity is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a load step entity controls whether or not that load step is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a load step. The active and export states of load step entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with load steps can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit load steps: Load Steps

Solver Card Support for Load Steps RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

The Loadsteps panel generates entities called loadsteps. These loadsteps directly correspond to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) subcases. The Loadsteps panel allows load collectors to be explicitly defined as the referenced static load (LOAD), constraint (SPC), dynamic load (DLOAD), etc. for a subcase. Other RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct input data is automatically generated or may be added to the subcase definition through the

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edit function. The user can choose the analysis type for the subcase being defined. This will filter the data selectors displayed, so that only those appropriate for the selected analysis type (solution sequence) are displayed. There is also a generic option which will display all selectors. The following table describes how different RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Subcase information and I/O Option entries are generated on a subcase level: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

ACCELERATION

Control acceleration results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Acceleration.

ANALYSIS

Define a solution sequence for individual subcases.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to ANALYSIS and then select an analysis type.

CMSMETH

Defines the method, frequency upper limit, and number of modes to be used in component mode synthesis for flexibly-body preparation solution sequence.

Select a component mode synthesis method definition for use in a subcase.

CSTRAIN

Control ply strain results output for composites on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Cstrain.

CSTRESS

Control ply stress results output for composites on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Cstress.

DESOBJ

Define a subcase specific objective.

Part of the optimization problem setup, created in the Objectives panel.

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Notes

Check the box next to CMSMETH and select a load collector with a CMSMETH card image.

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DESSUB

Define a subcase specific design constraint.

Part of the optimization problem setup, created in the Dconstraints panel.

DISPLACEMENT

Control displacement results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Displacement.

DLOAD

Select dynamic loading information for a subcase.

Check the box next to DLOAD and select a load collector with dynamic loading information (DLOAD, RLOAD1, RLOAD2, TLOAD1, TLOAD2).

EIGVRETRIEVE

Retrieve eigenvalue and eigenvector results from a normal modes analysis from an external data file.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to EIGVRETRIEVE, choose the number of integer values to be defined, and enter the integer values in the card previewer.

EIGVSAVE

Output eigenvalue and eigenvector results from a normal modes analysis to an external data file.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to EIGVSAVE, and enter an integer value in the card previewer.

ELFORCE

Control elemental force results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Elforce.

ESE

Control element strain energy results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Ese.

EXCLUDE

Select a set of properties to be excluded from a linear

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit.

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buckling analysis.

Check the box next to EXCLUDE, then select a SET definition from the card previewer.

FATDEF

Select elements, and associated fatigue properties for fatigue analysis

Check the box next to FATDEF and select a load collector with a FATDEF card image.

FATPARM

Select parameters for fatigue analysis.

Check the box next to FATPARM and select a load collector with a FATPARM card image.

FATSEQ

Select loading sequence for fatigue analysis.

Check the box next to FATSEQ and select a load collector with a FATSEQ card image.

FREQUENCY

Select the set of forcing frequencies to be solved in a frequency response problem.

Check the box next to FREQ and select a load collector containing frequency information (FREQ, FREQ1, FREQ2, FREQ3, FREQ4, FREQ5).

GPFORCE

Control grid point force results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Gpforce.

GPSTRESS

Control grid point stress results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Gpstress.

IC

Select initial conditions for a transient analysis subcase.

Check the box next to IC and select a load collector with initial condition information (TIC).

INVEL

Select multi-body dynamics initial velocity information for a subcase.

Check the box next to INVEL and select a load collector with initial velocity information

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(INVELB). LABEL

Provide a label for a subcase.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to LABEL and enter a label in the card previewer.

LOAD

Select static loading information for a subcase.

Check the box next to LOAD and select a load collector containing static loads (FORCE, MOMENT, PLOAD, PLOAD2, PLOAD4, LOAD), or inertial loading information (GRAV, RFORCE).

MBSIM

Select a multi-body dynamics simulation definition for a subcase.

Check the box next to MBSIM and select the load collector with an MBLIN, MBSEQ or MBSIM card image.

METHOD

Select eigenvalue extraction information for a subcase.

Check the box next to METHOD(STRUCT) or METHOD(FLUID) and select a load collector with an EIGRL card image.

MLOAD

Select multi-body dynamics loading information for a subcase.

Check the box next to MLOAD and select a load collector containing multibody dynamics loads (GRAV, MBFRC, MBFRCC, MBMNT, MBMNTC, MLOAD).

MODEWEIGHT

Define a multiplier for computed eigenvalues that are to be used in the calculation of the "weighted reciprocal eigenvalue" and "combined compliance index" optimization responses.

Part of the optimization problem setup, created in the Responses panel.

MOTION

Select multi-body dynamics motion information for a subcase.

Check the box next to MOTION and select a load collector containing multi-

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body dynamics motions (MOTION, MOTNG, MOTNGC). MPC

Select multi-point constraints for use in a subcase.

Check the box next to MPC and select a load collector containing MPCs.

MPCFORCE

Control MPC force results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Mpcforce.

NLPARM

Select non-linear static analysis settings for use in a subcase.

Check the box next to NLPARM and select a load collector with an NLPARM card image.

NSM

Select non-structural mass input for entire model.

Check the box nex to NSM and select a group with a NSM1 or NSML1 card image or select a load collector with a NSMADD card image. This option is not allowed in the subcase.

OFREQUENCY

Define a set of frequencies for output requests for a subcase.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Ofrequency.

OLOAD

Request the output of applied loads for a subcase.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Oload.

OMODES

Define a set of modes for output requests for a normal modes or linear buckling subcase.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Omodes.

RESVEC

Control the calculation of modal acceleration vectors.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit.

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Check the box next to RESVEC and choose the desired TYPE and OPTION in the card previewer. RSPEC

Select response spectra information for use in a subcase.

Check the box next to RSPEC and select a load collector containing response spectra analysis information (RSPEC).

RWALL

Defines a rigid wall of the following types: Infinite Plane, Infinite Cylinder, Sphere and Parallelogram.

Check the box next to RWALL or RWLADD and select a group (RWALL) or a load collector (RWALADD).

SDAMPING

Select damping information for use in a subcase.

Check the box next to SDAMPING and select a load collector containing damping information (TABDMP1).

SOLVTYP

Select the iterative solver.

Select a linear static subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to SOLVTYP and then choose a load collector with the SOLVTYP card image.

SPC

Select single-point constraints for use in a subcase.

Check the box next to SPC and select a load collector containing SPCs.

SPCFORCES

Control SPC force results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Spcf.

STATSUB

Select a linear static subcase for linear buckling analysis.

Check the box next to STATSUB and select a static subcase.

STRAIN

Control strain results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit.

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Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Strain. STRESS

Control stress results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Stress.

SUBCASE

Define a subcase.

Created automatically, when a new subcase is created. The subcase ID matches the ID of the HyperMesh loadstep entity.

SUBTITLE

Provide a subtitle for a loadstep.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to SUBTITLE and enter a subtitle in the card previewer.

SUPORT1

Select fictitious supports for use in a subcase.

Check the box next to SUPORT1 and select a load collector containing SUPORT1 loads.

TEMP

Select thermal loading information for a subcase.

Check the box next to TEMP and select a load collector containing TEMP loads or a load collector with the TEMPD card image.

TSTEP

Select integration and time step information for a transient analysis subcase.

Check the box next to TSTEP and select a load collector with the TSTEP card image. Set the toggle to either TIME or FOURIER, depending on the type of transient solution desired.

TTERM

Define the termination time of a geometric non-linear subcase

Check the box next to TTERM and input a real value for the termination

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time. VELOCITY

Control velocity results output on a subcase level.

Select a subcase (loadstep) and click edit. Check the box next to Output and then the one next to Velocity.

WEIGHT

Define a weighting factor (multiplier) for the compliance of a linear static or inertia relief subcase, which is used in the calculation of the "weighted compliance" and "combined compliance index" optimization responses.

Part of the optimization problem setup, created in the Responses panel.

XHIST

Select time history output for geometric non-linear analysis

Check the box next to XHIST or XHISADD and select a group (XHIST) or a load collector (XHISADD).

Abaqus

A load step corresponds to a *STEP definition in Abaqus model history. Load collectors, output blocks and groups within a load step are exported under the corresponding *STEP block in the Abaqus input deck. It is recommended that all history (*STEP) data be defined from the Step Manager in the Abaqus user profile. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*BUCKLE

Obtain eigenvalue buckling estimates

EIGENSOLVER = (SUBSPACE/ LANCZOS)

Defined in the load step card image

*BULK VISCOSITY

Modify bulk viscosity parameters

b1, b2

Explicit template only. History data.

*DYNAMIC

Dynamic stress/displacement analysis

EXPLICIT

Defined in the load step card image.

(Explicit)

SCALE FACTOR ADIABATIC FIXED TIME INCREMENTATION

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DIRECT USER CONTROL ELEMENT BY ELEMENT IMPROVED DT METHOD = YES or NO *DYNAMIC (Standard)

*FILE FORMAT

*FREQUENCY

Dynamic stress/displacement analysis

HAFTOL DIRECT

Defined in the load step card image.

DIRECT=NO STOP, SUBSPACE, ADIABATIC, ALPHA, INITIAL, NOHAF Specify format for results file output and invoke zeroincrement results file output

ASCII

Extract natural frequencies and modal vectors

PROPERTY EVALUATION

BINARY

Defined in the load step card image.

ZERO INCREMENT Defined in the load step card image.

EIGENSOLVER = SUBSPACE, LANCZOS, AMS NORMALIZATION = MASS, DISPLACEMENT RESIDUAL MODES ACOUSTIC COUPLING NUMBER INTERVAL BIAS USER BOUNDARIES *HEAT TRANSFER

*LOAD CASE

Transient or steady-state uncoupled heat transfer analysis

DELTMX END = PERIOD or SS, STEADY STATE, MXDEM

Defined in the load step card image.

Begin a load case definition for NAME Defined in the load step multiple load case analysis card image. Number_of_LoadCas e

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LoadCase_maximum _data_ lines *MODAL DYNAMIC Dynamic time history analysis using modal superposition

CONTINUE = YES or NO

Defined in the load step card image.

*MONITOR

DOF

Defined in the load step card image.

Define a degree of freedom to monitor

NODE FREQUENCY

*PRINT

Request or suppress output to the message file in an Abaqus/ Standard analysis or to the status file in an Abaqus/ Explicit analysis

CONTACT MODEL CHANGE

Defined in the load step card image.

FREQUENCY PLASTICITY RESIDUAL SOLVE ALLKE CRITICAL ELEMENT DMASS ETOTAL

*RESTART

Save and reuse data and analysis results

WRITE FREQUENCY

Defined in the load step card image.

OVERLAY NUMBER INTERVAL TIME MARKS *STATIC

Static stress/displacement analysis

ADIABATIC ALLSDTOL

Defined in the load step card image.

CONTINUE DIRECT DIRECT=NO STOP, FACTOR, LONG TERM FULLY PLASTIC RIKS STABILIZE *STEADY STATE DYNAMICS

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Steady-state dynamic response based on harmonic

DAMPING CHANGE Defined in the load step card image. DIRECT

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excitation

FREQUENCY SCALE INTERVAL REAL ONLY STIFFNESS CHANGE SUBSPACE PROJECTION = {ALL FREQUENCIES, CONSTANT, EIGENFREQUENCY , PROPERTY CHANGE, RANGE}

*STEP

Begin a step

CONVERT SDI INCREMENT

Parameters are defined in the load step card image.

NAME NLGEOM PERTURBATION UNSYMMETRIC AMPLITUDE=STEP, RAMP EXTRAPOLATION =LINEAR, PARABOLIC, NO *VISCO

Note:

Transient, static, stress/ displacement analysis with time-dependent material response (creep, swelling, and viscoelasticity)

CETOL CREEP

Defined in the load step card image.

FACTOR STABILIZE

Only load collectors with the HISTORY card image should be added to a load step. Load collectors with INITIAL_CONDITION card images need not be added to any load steps. They will be ignored, if added.

ANSYS

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported

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Notes

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Parameters ACEL

Specifies the linear acceleration of the structure.

ACELX, ACELY, ACELZ

CMACEL

Specifies the translational acceleration of an element component.

CM_NAME, CMACEL_X, CMACEL_Y, CMACEL_Z

CMDOMEGA

Specifies the rotational acceleration of an element component about a userdefined rotational axis.

CM_NAME, DOMEGAX, DOMEGAY, DOMEGAZ, X1, Y1, Z1, X2, Y2, Z2

CMOMEGA

Specifies the rotational velocity of an element component about a userdefined rotational axis.

CM_NAME, DOMEGAX, DOMEGAZ, X1, Y1, Z1, X2, Y2, Z2, KSPIN

LSSOLVE

Reads and solves multiple load steps.

LSMIN, LSMAX, LSINC

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Marc

Supported Card

Notes

FOUNDATION INITIAL_vel Init_Disp Fixed_Acce Fixed_Pres

Nastran

The Loadsteps panel is available when the Nastran user profile is loaded. It is used to generate Nastran subcase definitions. The panel creates loadstep entities. These loadstep entities directly correspond to

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Nastran subcase definitions. The Loadsteps panel allows load collectors to be explicitly defined as the referenced constraint (SPC), static load (LOAD), multi-point constraint (MPC), fictitious support (SUPORT1), non-linear parameters (NLPARM), eigenvalue extraction data (METHOD), frequency range (FREQ), damping (SDAMPING), dynamic load (DLOAD), thermal loading (TEMP), etc. for a subcase. Other input data is automatically generated (the SUBCASE header) or may be added to the subcase definition through the edit function. It is recommended to set up a subcase using the Loadstep Browser. Supported Card

Solver Description

SUBCASE

Supported Parameters

Notes

LABEL, ANALYSIS, IC, BCONTACT, TRIM, OUTPUT

PERMAS

The following cards are supported in the PERMAS interface: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

$CONSTRAINTS

Constraint variant bracket header line

NAME

Create a loadstep and open its card image. Set the Analysis Procedure to CONSTRAINTS.

$FREQLOAD

Definition of frequency dependent dynamic loads for use in frequency response analysis.

DOFTYPE

The AnalysisProcedure toggle must be set to LOADING in the card image.

$LOADING

Loading variant bracket header line

NAME

$NLLOAD

Define a nonlinear static load history.

TABLE TIME={LIST/Time and increment} EXTRA=CONST DOFTYPE=DISP

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The AnalysisProcedure toggle must be set to LOADING in the card image. To visualize the nonlinear load history curves you can use the Plot NLLOAD tool from the utility page.

Altair Engineering

$SITUATION

Situation definition header line NAME

$TRANSLOAD

Definition of time dependent dynamic loads for use in transient response analysis.

Open the loadstep and set the AnalysisProcedure to SITUATION

AMPLITUDE BOUNDS DELAY

The TRANSLOAD card and FREQLOAD cards are mutually exclusive.

DOFTYPE FUNCTION PHASE

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Element Property and Material Assignment Rules Model Setup

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Materials Material entities are used to define and store material definitions for a model. Materials are created, edited, deleted, and shown under the Material folder within the Model Browser. Materials also have a material view within the Model Browser which lists only materials and has advanced options for materials creation and modification. Materials do not have a display state, but they do have a "by material" visualization color mode which colors the model according to the colors assigned to each material based on element material relationships. The "by material" visualization color mode is automatically set when you enter the material view within the Model Browser. In addition, you can manually set the "by material" visualization color mode using the element color mode icon on the visualization toolbar. Element material relationships are user profile (solver interface) dependent and are described in the section Element Property and Material Assignment Rules. In general, when a component is assigned a material, that material assignment is applied to all elements collected by that component. The method of assigning materials at the component level is therefore referred to as indirect material assignment. Direct material assignment is performed directly on the elements themselves, typically via a property assignment. Direct material assignments always take precedence over indirect property and material assignments.

Materials have an active and export state. The active state of a material controls the listing of the material in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a material entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a material entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a material entity controls whether or not that material is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a material. The active and export states of material entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with materials can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for Materials RADIOSS (Block Format)

RADIOSS (Block Format) has many materials, and most of them are supported. In addition RADIOSS allows you to program your own materials that can be used in a simulation. In order to handle the unsupported RADIOSS materials and user defined RADIOSS material, a separate card image called "MAT_UNSUPPORTED" has been introduced. Any unsupported material will be read with card image MAT_UNSUPPORTED with its ID and associtivity with component preserved. You can also create the material as well. In this card image, all material suboptions, parameters, and data lines are supported as simple text. HyperMesh does not check the validity or syntax of any data in this mode. You must manually check the validity of the data. No editing, updating, or review of the material data is intended. Also time step calculation and mass calculation are

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not available for the component that refers to this material. The material is displayed in Model Browser, Solver Browser, Material table and Component table. The supported RADIOSS D00 cards in RADIOSS (Block Format) 5.1 and 9.0 are listed below. You can quickly create these cards by right-clicking in the Solver Browser and selecting Create Cards. Supported Card

Solver Description

ALE/MAT

Describes the ALE material.

/MAT

LAW11

/MAT/B-K-EPS

LAW57

/MAT/BARLAT3

LAW20

Supported Parameters

Notes

/MAT/BIMAT /MAT/BIPHAS

LAW37

/MAT/BOLTZMAN

LAW34

/MAT/BOUND

LAW11

/MAT/CHANG

LAW15

/MAT/COMPSH

LAW25

/MAT/COMPSO

LAW14

/MAT/CONC

LAW24

/MAT/CONNECT

LAW59

/MAT/COSSER

LAW68

/MAT/COWPER

LAW44

/MAT/DAMA

LAW22

/MAT/DPRAG

LAW21

MAT/DPRAG1

LAW10

/MAT/ELAST

LAW1, LAW01

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/MAT/ELASTOMER LAW65 /MAT/FABR_A

LAW58

/MAT/FABRI

LAW19

/MAT/FOAM_PLAS

LAW33

/MAT/FOAM_TAB

LAW70

/MAT/FOAM_VISC

LAW35

/MAT/GAS /MAT/GRAY

LAW16

/MAT/GURSON

LAW52

/MAT/HANSEL

LAW63

/MAT/HILL

LAW32

/MAT/HILL_MMC

LAW72

/MAT/HILL_TAB

LAW43

/MAT/ HONEYCOMB

LAW28

/MAT/HYD_JCOOK

LAW4

/MAT/HYD_VISC

LAW6

/MAT/HYDPLA

LAW3

/MAT/HYDRO

LAW6

/MAT/JWL

LAW5

/MAT/K-EPS

LAW6

/MAT/KELVINMAX

LAW40

/MAT/LAW05

LAW5

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/MAT/LAW10 /MAT/LAW23 /MAT/LAW50 /MAT/LAW51 /MAT/LAW53 /MAT/LAW54 /MAT/LAW62 /MAT/LAW63 /MAT/LAW65 /MAT/LAW66

LAW66

/MAT/LAW82

LAW82

/MAT/LEE_T

LAW41

/MAT/LES_FLUID

LAW46

/MAT/OGDEN

LAW42

/MAT/PLAS_BRIT

LAW27

/MAT/PLAS_DAMA

LAW23

/MAT/ PLAS_JOHNS

LAW2

/MAT/PLAS_TAB

LAW36

/MAT/PLAS_T3

LAW60

/MAT/PLAS_ZERIL /MAT/RIGID

LAW13

/MAT/SAMP

LAW76

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/MAT/STEINB

LAW49

/MAT/THERM

LAW18

/MAT/TSAI_TAB

LAW53

/MAT/UGINE_ALZ

LAW64

/MAT/USERij /MAT/VISC_TAB

LAW38

/MAT/VOID

LAW0

/MAT/ZERIL /MAT/ZHAO

LAW48

/VISC_PRONY

Prony series input for Visco elastic plastic piesewise linear material MAT/LAW66

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

The material data cards for RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) can be created by loading and editing the appropriate card images for materials. These card images have the same name as the corresponding cards. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

MAT1

Defines the material properties MATS1 for linear, temperatureMATT1 independent, isotropic MAT4 materials. MAT5

Notes

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

MATFAT MATX02, MATX27, MATX36, MATX44, MATX65, MATX82

Altair Engineering

MATX13, MATX33, MATX42, MATX62, MATX70,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1108 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

MAT2

Defines the material properties for linear, temperatureindependent, anisotropic materials for two-dimensional elements.

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

MAT4

Defines constant thermal material properties for conductivity, heat capacity, density, and heat generation.

Supported as MAT4 material and as an optional card on the structural material definitions.

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

MAT5

Defines the thermal material properties for anisotropic materials.

Supported as MAT5 material and as an optional card on the structural material definitions.

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

MAT8

Defines the material property for an orthotropic material for two-dimensional elements.

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

MAT9

Defines the material properties for linear, temperatureindependent, anisotropic materials for solid elements.

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

MAT10

Defines material properties for fluid elements in coupled fluidstructural analysis.

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

MATFAT

Defines material properties for fatigue analysis.

Supported as an optional card on the structural material definitions.

MATT1

Specifies temperaturedependent material properties on MAT1 entry fields via TABLEMi entries.

Supported as an extension to the MAT1 material.

MATT2

Specifies temperaturedependent material properties on MAT2 entry fields via TABLEMj entries.

Supported as an extension to the MAT2 material.

MATT8

Specifies temperature-

Supported as an

1109 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

Altair Engineering

MATT9

dependent material properties on MAT8 entry fields via TABLEMi entries.

extension to the MAT8 material.

Specifies temperaturedependent material properties on MAT9 entry fields via TABLEMk entries.

Supported as an extension to the MAT9 material.

Abaqus

Three material keywords are supported - *MATERIAL, *GASKET MATERIAL, *CONNECTOR BEHAVIOUR in the corresponding card images. They are: ABAQUS_MATERIAL, GASKET_MATERIAL and CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR, respectively. Because Abaqus has a large selection of material types, many of which are not supported, a separate mode of material creation is included called "Generic Material". This model of created is supported through the GENERIC_MATERIAL card image. In this mode, all material sub-options, parameters, and data lines are supported as simple text. The validity or syntax of any data is not checked in this mode. You must manually check the validity of the data. This method is most helpful when the material models are already defined and they are imported for the purpose of adding them to the corresponding sectional properties. No editing, updating, or review of the material data is intended. You can import a model in the generic material mode by using the Solver Options dialog in the Import tab. You can also add an **HM_GENERIC_MATERIAL comment before a material card to have it imported as a generic material. Also see the Unsupported Data Blocks topic to learn more about how the Abaqus interface handles unsupported data. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*BIAXIAL TEST DATA

Used to provide biaxial test data (compression and/or tension).

NStress, NStrain, NLStrain

*COMBINED TEST DATA

Specify simultaneously the normalized shear and bulk compliance or relaxation moduli as functions of time.

SHRINF

Altair Engineering

Notes

This option can be used only in conjunction with the *VISCOELASTIC option and cannot be used if the *SHEAR TEST DATA and *VOLUMETRIC TEST DATA options are used.

VOLINF

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*CONDUCTIVITY

Specify thermal conductivity

DEPENDENCIES, This card is a sub-option TYPE=ISO, ORTHO, in the ANISO ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

*CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR

Begin the specification of a connector behavior

NAME, INTEGRATION

*CONNECTOR CONSTITUTIVE REFERENCE

Define reference lengths and angles to be used in specifying connector constitutive behavior

N/A

This card is a sub-option in the CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR card image.

*CONNECTOR CONTACT FORCE

Define the damping behavior for connector elements.

INDEPENDENT COMPONENT, DEPENDENCIES

This card is a sub-option in the CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR card image.

*CONNECTOR DAMPING

Define connector damping behavior

COMPONENT, COUPLED, DEPENDENCIES, NONLINEAR, INDEPENDENT COMPONENTS

This card is a sub-option in the CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR card image.

*CONNECTOR ELASTICITY

Define connector elastic behavior

COMPONENT, COUPLED, DEPENDENCIES, NONLINEAR, MOTION DEPENDENCIES

This card is a sub-option in the CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR card image.

*CONNECTOR FAILURE

Define a failure criterion for connector elements

COMPONENT, RELEASE

Only in Explicit template

*CONNECTOR Define friction forces and FRICTION moments in connector (Abaqus 6.4 version) elements

This card is a sub-option in the CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR card image. INTERACTION COMPONENT INDEPENDENT COMPONENT

This card is a sub-option in the CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR card image.

DEPENDENCIES STICK STIFFNESS *CONNECTOR

Define friction forces and

PREDEFINED

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This card is a sub-option

Altair Engineering

FRICTION (Abaqus 6.5 or later version)

moments in connector elements

COMPONENT INDEPENDENT COMPONENT DEPENDENCIES STICK STIFFNESS CONTACT FORCE

in the CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR card image. This needs a *FRICTION card, which can be created as a property using the FRICTION card image.

*CONNECTOR LOCK

Define a locking criterion for connector elements

COMPONENT

*CONNECTOR STOP

Specify connector stops for connector elements

COMPONENT

This card is a sub-option in the CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR card image.

*CREEP

Define a creep law

DEPENDENCIES

This card is a sub-option in both the ABAQUS_MATERIAL and *GASKET MATERIAL card images.

LOCK

LAW=STRAIN, TIME, HYPERB, USER

This card is a sub-option in the CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR card image.

Not in Explicit template. *CRUSHABLE FOAM

Specify the crushable foam plasticity model

HARDENING = {VOLUMETRIC, ISOTROPIC} DEPENDENCIES

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

*CRUSHABLE Specify hardening for the FOAM HARDENING crushable foam plasticity model

DEPENDENCIES

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

*DAMPING

ALPHA

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

Specify material damping

BETA COMPOSITE STRUCTURAL *DENSITY

Altair Engineering

Specify material mass density

DEPENDENCIES

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

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*DIELECTRIC

Specify dielectric material properties

TYPE=ISO, ORTHO, This card is a sub-option ANISO in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

*ELASTIC

Specify elastic material properties

DEPENDENCIES MODULI TYPE=ISOTROPIC,

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

LAMINA, ENGINEERING CONSTANTS, ORTHOTROPIC, ANISOTROPIC *EXPANSION

Specify thermal expansion

ZERO DEPENDENCIES PORE FLUID USER

This card is a sub-option in both the ABAQUS_MATERIAL and *GASKET MATERIAL card images.

TYPE=ISO, ORTHO, ANISO, SHORT FIBER *FLUID BEHAVIOR

Define fluid behavior for a fluid NAME cavity

*GASKET BEHAVIOR

Begin the specification of a gasket behavior

NAME

Only in Standard template.

*GASKET CONTACT AREA

Specify a gasket contact area or contact width for average pressure output

DEPENDENCIES

This card is a sub-option in the *GASKET_MATERIAL card image.

*GASKET ELASTICITY

Specify elastic properties for DEPENDENCIES the membrane and transverse COMPONENT= shear behaviors of a gasket MEMBRANE, TRANSVERSE SHEAR

This card is a sub-option in the *GASKET BEHAVIOR card image.

VARIABLE=STRES S, FORCE *GASKET THICKNESS BEHAVIOR

Specify a gasket thicknessdirection behavior

DEPENDENCIES TENSILE STIFFNESS FACTOR

1113 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

This card is a sub-option in the *GASKET_MATERIAL card image.

Altair Engineering

SLOPE DROP YIELD ONSET DIRECTION=LOADI NG, UNLOADING VARIABLE=STRES S, FORCE TYPE=ELASTICPLASTIC, DAMAGE *HYPERELASTIC

Specify elastic properties for approximately incompressible elastomers

ARRUDA-BOYCE BETA MARLOW

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

MODULI MOONEY-RIVLIN

Sub-options supported:

N

*BIAXIAL TEST DATA

NEO HOOKE

*PLANAR TEST DATA

OGDEN

*UNIAXIAL TEST DATA

POLYNOMIAL POISSON

*VOLUMETRIC TEST DATA

PROPERTIES REDUCED POLYNOMIAL TEST DATA INPUT USER VAN DER WAALS YEOH *HYPERFOAM

Specify elastic properties for a hyperelastic foam

MODULI

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

N POISSON TEST DATA INPUT

Sub-options supported: *BIAXIAL TEST DATA *PLANAR TEST DATA *SIMPLE SHEAR TEST DATA *UNIAXIAL TEST DATA *VOLUMETRIC TEST DATA

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*MATERIAL

Begin the definition of a material

NAME RTOL SRATE FACTOR

*MULLINS EFFECT

Specify Mullins effect material parameters for elastomers

BETA DEPENDENCIES M

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

PROPERTIES R TEST DATA INPUT USER

Sub-options supported: *BIAXIAL TEST DATA *PLANAR TEST DATA *UNIAXIAL TEST DATA

*PIEZOELECTRIC

Specify piezoelectric material TYPE=S, E properties

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image. Not in Explicit template.

*PLANAR TEST DATA

Used to provide planar test (or pure shear) data (compression and/or tension).

N_Stress

Used to provide planar test (or pure shear) data N_Strain (compression and/or FOAMPLANARTEST tension). DATACARDS This option is used to provide planar test (or pure shear) data. It can be used only in conjunction with the *HYPERELASTIC option, the *HYPERFOAM option, and the *MULLINS EFFECT option. This type of test does not define the hyperelastic material constants fully; at the least, uniaxial or biaxial test data should also be given.

*PLASTIC

Specify a metal plasticity model

DATA TYPE HARDENING=ISOTR OPIC, KINEMATIC, COMBINED, JOHNSON COOK NUMBER

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BACKSTRESSES RATE *RATE DEPENDENT

Define a rate-dependent viscoplastic model

TYPE= {POWER LAW, JOHNSON COOK, YIELD RATIO}

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

DEPENDENCIES *SHEAR FAILURE

Specify a shear failure model and criterion

TYPE= {TABULAR, JOHNSON COOK} ELEMENT DELETION = {YES, NO}

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image in the Explicit template.

DEPENDENCIES *SHEAR TEST DATA

Used to provide shear test data

ShearComp Time Shrinf

*SIMPLE SHEAR TEST DATA

Used to provide simple shear ShearStress test data ShearStrain TransverseStress

This option can be used only in conjunction with the *VISCOELASTIC option. This option is used to provide simple shear test data. It can be used only in conjunction with the *HYPERFOAM option.

*SPECIFIC HEAT

Define specific heat

DEPENDENCIES

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

*UNIXIAL TEST DATA

Used to provide uniaxial test data (compression and/or tension).

Nstress

This option is used to provide uniaxial test data. It can be used only in conjunction with the *HYPERELASTIC option, the *HYPERFOAM option, and the *MULLINS EFFECT option.

Nstrain Nlstrain

*USER MATERIAL

Define material constants for use in subroutine UMAT, UMATHT, or VUMAT

CONSTANTS TYPE= {MECHANICAL, THERMAL}

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

UNSYMM

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*USER OUTPUT VARIABLES

Specify number of user variables

Value

This card is a sub-option in both the ABAQUS_MATERIAL and *GASKET MATERIAL card images.

*VISCOELASTIC

Specify dissipative behavior for use with elasticity

ERRTOL

This card is a sub-option in the ABAQUS_MATERIAL card image.

NMAX FREQUENCY=FOR MULA, TABULAR TIME= CREEP TEST DATA, RELAXATION TEST DATA, PRONY

Sub-options supported: *COMBINED TEST DATA *SHEAR TEST DATA *VOLUMETRIC TEST DATA For the sub-options, the parameters SHRINF and VOLINF are supported.

*VOLUMETRIC TEST DATA

Provide volumetric test data.

Pressure VolumeRatio

A User Comments block is supported for all materials. See the information below on how to add comments to any material card image. These comments are preserved during import and export of the Abaqus input deck. See also Unsupported Data Blocks

Actran

The following material data blocks are supported in Actran: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

X_STIFFNESS

DISCRETE

Y_STIFFNESS Z_STIFFNESS

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X_MASS Y_MASS Z_MASS STIFFNESS normal and transveral MASS normal and transversal FLUID

SOUND SPEED (+ J) FLUID DENSITY CP CV REFERENCE TEMPERATURE FLUID_BULK_MOD ULUS REFERENCE_FLO W

POROUS

YOUNG_MODULUS (+ j) POISSON_RATIO SOLID_DENSITY FLUID_DENSITY VISCOSITY THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY POROSITY CP CV FLOW_RESISTIVITY BULK_MODULUS BLOT_FACTOR TORTUOSITY Allard & Johnson model

POROUS_UP

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1118 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

RIGID_POROUS SHELL SOLID ELONGATION_MOD ULUS (+ j)

STIFFENER

FLEXION_MODULU S (+ j) FLEXION_OFFSET SHEAR_MODULUS (+ j) TRANSLATION_DEN SITY (+ j) ROTATION_DENSIT Y (+ j) ROTATION_OFFSET Young modulus (+ j)

VISCO_ELASTIC

POISSON_RATIO SOLID_DENSITY SOUND_SPEED (+ j)

VISCOTHERMAL FLUID

FLUID_DENSITY VISCOSITY THERMAL_CONDU CTIVITY CP CV

ANSYS

The input translator recognizes the ANSYS cards listed below. If an unsupported field in a card is found, a message is displayed on the status bar. The messages are also printed to the file ansys.msg. General slash commands, SOLUTION commands, POST1 commands, and POST26 commands are referred to as control cards. Unrecognized cards are written to a *.hmx file.

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

MAT

Sets the element material attribute pointer.

mat

MP

Defines a linear material property as a constant or a function of temperature.

Lab, MAT, C0, C1, C2, C3, C4

MPDATA

Defines property data to be associated with the temperature table.

Lab, MAT, STLOC, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6

MPDATA

Defines property data to be associated with the temperature table.

R5.0, LENGTH, Lab, MAT, STLOC, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3

MPTEMP

Defines a temperature table for material properties.

STLOC, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 FLAGS:

Notes

Supports temperature tables for each material attribute

DENS, EX, NUXY, ALPX, CTEX, CTEY, CTEZ, THSX, TSHY, TSHZ, REFT, KXXX, EY, EZ, NUYZ, NUXZ, PRXY, PRYZ, PRXZ, GXY, GYZ, GXZ, ALPY, ALPZ, DAMP, DMPR, C, ENTH, KYY, KZZ, HF, EMIS, QRATE, VISC, SONC, RSVX, RXVY, RXVZ, PERX, PERY, PERZ, MURX, MURY, MURZ, MGXX, MGYY, MGZZ, LSST, SBKX, SBKY, SBKZ, LSSM MPTEMP

TB

Altair Engineering

R5.0, LENGTH, STLOC, TEMP1, TEMP2, TEMP3 Activates a data table for nonlinear material properties

Supports temperature tables for each material attribute

TB_LAB, ID, NTEMP, NPTS,

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TBDATA

or special element input.

TBOPT, EOSOPT

Defines data for the data table.

STLOC, C2(i)

LS-DYNA

LS- DYNA has many materials and most of them are supported. In addition, LS-DYNA allows users to program their own materials that can be used in a simulation. In order to handle the unsupported LS-DYNA materials and user defined LS-DYNA material, a separate card image called "MAT_UNSUPPORTED" is available. Any unsupported material will be read with the card image MAT_UNSUPPORTED, and its ID and associtivity with components is preserved. You can also create the material as well. In this card image, all material sub-options, parameters, and data lines are supported as simple text. The validity or syntax of any data is not checked in this mode. You must manually check the validity of the data. No editing, updating, or review of the material data is intended. Also, time step calculation and mass calculation are not available for the component that refers to this material. The material is displayed in Model Browser, Solver Browser, Material Table and Component Table. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*MAT_ACOUSTIC

Appropriate for tracking low pressure stress waves in an acoustic media such as air or water and can be used only with the acoustic pressure element formulation.

RO, C, BETA, CF, ATMOS, GRAV, XP, YP, ZP, XN, YN, ZN

Material Type 90

Title

*MAT_ANISOTROPI Valid for modeling the elastic- Rho, C11, C12, C_ orthotropic behavior of solids, C13, C23, C33, C24, C34, C44, ELASTIC shells and thick shells. C25, C35, C45, C16, C26, C36, C56, C66

C22, Material Type 2 C14, C15, C55, C46,

Title Anisotropy axis definition (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, by system) *MAT_ANISOTROPI Valid for modeling the elastic- RO, SIGY, LCSS, C_ orthotropic behavior of solids, QR1, CR1, QR2, CR2, C11-C16, C22ELASTIC_PLASTIC shells and thick shells and

1121 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Material Type 157

Altair Engineering

solid elements.

C26, C46, R00, S22,

C33-C36, C44C55,C56, C66, R45, R90, S11, S33, S12

Title Anisotropy axis definition (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, by system) *MAT_ANISOTROPI Simplified version of the C_ Material Type 103. Applies PLASTIC only to shell elements.

RO, E, PR, SIGY, Material Type 103P LCSS, QR1, CR1, QR2, CR2, R00, R45, R90, S11, S22, S33, S12 Title Anisotropy axis definition (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, by system)

*MAT_ANISOTROPI Applies to shell and brick C_ elements. VISCOPLASTIC

RO, E, PR, SIGY, Material Type 103 FLAG, LCSS, ALPHA, QR1, CR1, QR2, CR2, QX1, CX1, QX2, CX2, VK, VM, ROO, R45, R90, L, M, N, AOPT, FAIL, NUMINT Title

*MAT_ARRUDA_BO Provides a hyperelastic rubber Rho, K, G, N, LCID, Material Type 127 YCE_ model combined optionally TRAMP, NT, RUBBER with linear viscoelasticity. ArrayCount, GI, beta Title *MAT_ARUP_ADHE Used for adhesive bonding in SIVE aluminum structures.

RO, E, PR, TENMAX, GCTEN, SHRMAX, GCSHR, PWRT, PWRS, SHRP, SHT_SL, EDOT0, EDOT2

Material Type 169

Title

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1122 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*MAT_BAMMAN

*MAT_BAMMAN_D AMAGE

Allows the modeling of temperature and rate dependent plasticity with a fairly complex model that has many input parameters.

Rho, E, PR, T, HC, C1 - C18, A1-A6, KAPPA,

Extension of model 51 which includes the modeling of damage.

Rho, E, PR, T, HC, Material Type 52 C1-18, A1-A6, N, D0, FS

Material Type 51

Title

Title *MAT_BARLAT_ Used for modeling anisotropic Rho, E, PR, K, E0, N, M, A, B, C, F, G, ANISOTROPIC_PLA material behavior in forming H, LCID, AOPT STICITY processes. Title *MAT_BARLAT_YLD Developed to overcome some 2000 shortcomings of the six parameters Barlat model implemented at Material Type 33. Available for shell elements only.

Material Type 33

RO, E, PR, FIT, Material Type 133 BETA, ITER, K, E0, N, C, P, A, ALPHA1ALPHA8 Title Hardening Law (Exponential hardening, Voce hardening, By Curve) Anisotropy axis definition (By element nodes, Define global vector, Define local vector, Pick system)

*MAT_BARLAT_YLD Used for modeling anisotropic 96 material behavior in forming processes in particular for aluminum alloys. Available for shell elements only.

Rho, E, PR, K, E0, Material Type 33b N, ESRO, M, HARD, A, C1, C2, C3, CR, AX, AY, AZ0, AZ1, AOPT Title LCID_hardeningOpt

*MAT_BILKHU/ DUBOIS_FOAM

Used for the simulation of isotropic crushable forms.

RHO, YM, LCPY, LCUYS, VC, PC, VPC, TSC, VTSC, LCRATE, PR, KCON, ISFLG

Material Type 75

Title

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*MAT_BLATZKO_FOAM

Used for the definition of rubber-like foams of polyurethane.

Rho, G, REF

*MAT_BLATZKO_RUBBER

This one parameter allows the modeling of nearly incompressible continuum rubber.

Rho, G, REF

*MAT_BRITTLE_DA MAGE

Material Type 38

Title Material Type 7

Title

RO, E, PR, TLIMIT, SLIMIT, FTOUGH, SRETEN, VISC, FRA_RF, E_RF, YS_RF, EH_RF, FS_RF, SIGY

Material Type 96

Title

*MAT_CABLE_DISC Permits elastic cables to be Rho, E, LCID, FO, RETE_ realistically modeled; thus, no TMAXFO, TRAMP, BEAM force will develop in IREAD compression. Title *MAT_CELLULAR_R Provides a cellular rubber UBBER model with confined air pressure combined with linear viscoelasticity.

Material Type 71

RO, PR, N, C10, Material Type 87. C01, C11, C20, C02, PO, PHI, IVS, G, BETA Title

*MAT_CLOSED_CE LL_ FOAM

Allows the modeling of low density, closed cell polyurethane foam.

Rho, E, A, B, C, P0, PHI, GAMA0, LCID

*MAT_COHESIVE_ ELASTIC

Simple cohesive elastic model for use with solid element types 19 and 20 and is not available for other solid element formulations.

RO, ROFLG, INTFAIL, ET, EN, FN_FAIL

An orthotropic material with optional brittle failure for composites can be defined.

Rho, EA, EB, EC, Material Type 22. PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, KFAIL, MACF, SC, XT, YT, YC, ALPH, SN, SYZ, SZX

*MAT_COMPOSITE _ DAMAGE

Altair Engineering

Material Type 53.

Title Material Type 184

Title

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1124 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Title Anisotropy axis definition (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, by system) RO, EA, EB, EC, PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, KF, AOPT, MAFLAG, TSIZE, ALP, SOFT, FBRT, SR, SF, XC, XT, YC, YT, SC

*MAT_COMPOSITE _ FAILURE_MODEL

Material Type 59.

Options (Shell, Solid, None) Title RO, EA, EB, EC, PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, KF, AOPT, MAFLAG, TSIZE, ALP, SOFT, FBRT, SR, SF, XC, XT, YC, YT, SC

*MAT_COMPOSITE _ FAILURE_SHELL_M ODEL

Material Type 59.

Option (Shell, Solid, None) Title RO, EA, EB, EC, PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, KF, AOPT, MAFLAG, SBA, SCA, SCB, XXC, YYC, ZZC, XXT, YYT, ZZT

*MAT_COMPOSITE _ FAILURE_SOLID_M ODEL

Material Type 59.

Title Used for modeling the elastic responses of composite layups that have an arbitrary number of layers through the shell thickness.

Rho, EA, EB, EC, PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, AOPT

*MAT_CONCRETE_ Used to analyze buried steel

RO, PR, SIGF, AO,

*MAT_COMPOSITE _LAYUP

Material Type 116.

Title

1125 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Material Type 72

Altair Engineering

DAMAGE

reinforced concrete structures A1, A2, AOY, A1Y, subjected to impulsive A2Y, A1F, A2F, B1, loadings. B2, B3, PER, ER, PRR, SIGY, ETAN, LCP, LCR, L1-L13, NU1-NU13 Title Anisotropy axis definition (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, by system)

*MAT_CORUS_VEG Plane stress orthotropic TER material model for metal forming

RO, E, PR, N, FBI, RBI0, LCID, SYS, SIP, SHS, SHL, ESH, E0, ALPHA, LCID2, FUN, RUN, FPS1, FPS2, FSH

Material Type 136

Title Anisotropy axis definition (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, by system) *MAT_CRUSHABLE Used to model crushable _FOAM foam with optional damping and tension cutoff.

Rho, E, NU, LCID, TSC, DAMP

*MAT_CSCM

RO, NPLOT, INCRE, Material Type 159. IRATE, ERODE, RECOV, ITRETRC, PRED, G, K, ALPHA, THETA, LAMDA, BETA, NH, CH, ALPHA1, THETHA1, LAMDA1, BETA1, ALPHA2, THETA2, LAMBDA2, BETA2, R, X0, W, D1, D2, B, GFC, D, GFT, GFS, PWRC, PWRT, PMOD, ETA0C, NC, ETA0T, NT, OVERC, OVERT, SRATE, REPOW

Concrete material

Material Type 63.

Title

Options (None,

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1126 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Concrete) Title RECOV Options (1, 2) *MAT_CSCM_CONC Concrete material RETE

RO, NPLOT, INCRE, Material Type 159. IRATE, ERODE, RECOV, ITRETRC, PRED, FPC, DAGG, UNITS Title RECOV Options (1, 2)

*MAT_DAMPER_ Used for discrete springs and NONLINEAR_VISCU dampers. OUS

LCDR

*MAT_DAMPER_VI SCOUS

DC

Used for discrete springs and dampers.

Material Type SD-5.

Title

Material Type SD-2.

Title

*MAT_DESHPANDE Used for modeling aluminum _ foam used as a filler material FLECK_FOAM in aluminum extrusions to enhance the energy absorbing capability of the extrusion. For solid elements.

Rho, E, PR, ALPHA, Material Type 154. GAMMA, EPSD, ALPHA2, BETA, SIGP, DERFI, CFAIL

*MAT_ELASTIC

Rho, E, Nu, DA, DB, Material Type 1. K

Isotropic elastic material that is available for beam, shell and solid elements.

Title

Fluid_Option Title

*MAT_ELASTIC_FL UID

*MAT_ELASTIC_PL ASTIC_ HYDRO

Isotropic elastic material available for beam, shell and solid elements.

Rho, E, Nu, DA, DB, Material Type 1. K, VC, CP

Allows the modeling of an elastic-plastic hydrodynamic material.

RO, G, SIGY, EH, PC, FS, CHARL

Title Material Type 10.

SPALL

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Altair Engineering

Title *MAT_ELASTIC_PL ASTIC_ THERMAL

Temperature dependent material coefficients can be defined.

Rho

*MAT_ELASTIC_SP RING_ DISCRETE_BEAM

Permits elastic springs with damping to be combined and represented with a discrete beam element type 6.

Rho, K, FO, D, CDF, Material Type 74. TDF, FLCID, HLCID, C1, C2, DLE, GLCID

Elastic viscoplastic material with thermal effects.

RO, E, PR, SIGY, Material Type 106. ALPHA, LCSS, QR1, CR1, QR2, CR2, QX1, CX1, QX2, CX2, C, P, LCE, LCPR, LCSIGY, LCR, LCX, LCALPH, LCC, LCP

*MAT_ELASTIC_ VISCOPLASTIC_TH ERMAL

Material Type 4.

Title

Title

Title *MAT_ELASTIC_WI TH_ VISCOSITY

Used to simulate forming of glass products at high temperatures.

RO, V0, A, B, C, LCID, PR1- PR8, T1 - T8, V1 - V8, E1 E8, ALPHA1 ALPHA8

Material Type 60.

Title *MAT_ELASTIC_6D OF_ SPRING_DISCRETE _BEAM

Defined for simulating the effects of nonlinear elastic and nonlinear viscous beams by using six springs each acting about one of the six local degrees of freedom.

*MAT_ENHANCED_ Enhanced versions of the COMPOSITE_DAM composite model Material AGE Type 22.

Rho, TPIDR, TPIDS, TPIDT, RPIDR, RPIDS, RPIDT

Material Type 93.

Title

Rho, EA, EB, EC, Material Types 54-55. PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, KF, AOPT, DFAILM, DFAILS, TFAIL, ALPH, FBRT, YCFAC, DFAILT, EFS, XC, XT, YC, YT, SC, CRIT, BETA Title

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1128 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*MAT_FABRIC

Developed for airbag materials.

Rho, EA, EB, EC, PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, CSE, EL, PRL, LRATIO, DAMP, AOPT, X2, X3, ELA, LNRC, FORM, FVOPT, TSRFAC, X0, X1

Material Type 34.

Title LCID_leakCoeff LCID_areaCoeff LCID_effLeakArea LCID_tensileStressC urve *MAT_FINITE_ELAS TIC_ STRAIN_PLASTICIT Y

*MAT_FLD_ TRANSVERSELY_ ANISOTROPIC

An elasto-plastic material with an arbitrary stress versus strain curve and arbitrary strain rate dependency can be defined.

Rho, E, PR, SIGY, ETAN, C, P, LCSS, LCSR, ArrayCount, EPS, ES

Used for simulating sheet forming processes with anisotropic material.

Rho, E, PR, SIGY, ETAN, R, HLCID, LCIDFLD

Material Type 112.

Title Material Type 39.

Title *MAT_FLD_3_ PARAMETER_BAR LAT

Used for modeling sheets with Rho, E, PR, P1, P2, Material Type 190. anisotropic materials under ITER, M, R00, R45, plane stress conditions. R90, SPI, C, P, FLDCID, RN, RT, FLDSAFE, FLDNIPF Title Hardening Law (Linear, Swift exponential, By load curve, Voce exponential, Gosh exponential, HocketSherby exponential) Anisotropy axis definition (By element nodes, Define global vector,

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Define local vector, Pick system) *MAT_FORCE_LIMI TED

With this material model, for the Belytschko-Schwer beam only, plastic hinge forming at the ends of a beam can be modeled using curve definitions.

Rho, E, NU, DF, AOPT, YTFLAG, ASOFT, LC1- LC8, LPS1, SFS1, LPS2, SFS2, YMS1, YMS2, LPT1, SFT1, LPT2, SFT2, YMT1, YMT2, LPR, SFR, YMR

Material Type 29.

Title *MAT_FRAZER_NA SH_ RUBBER_MODEL

This model defines rubber from uniaxial test data.

Rho, Nu, C100-C400, Material Type 31. C110, C210, C010, C020, EXIT, EMAX, EMIN, REF, SGL, SW, ST, LCID Title

*MAT_FU_CHANG_ FOAM

Rate effects can be modeled in low and medium density foams.

RO, E, ED, TC, Material Type 83. FAIL, DAMP, TBID, BVFLAG, SFLAG, RFLAG, TFLAG, PVID, SRAF, REF, HU, DO, NO, N1, N2, N3, CO, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, AIJ, SIJ, MINR, MAXR, SHAPE Title

*MAT_GAS_MIXTUR Used for the simulation of E thermally equilibrated ideal gas mixtures.

IADIAB, RUNIV, CVmass, CPmass

*MAT_GENERAL_J OINT_ DISCRETE_BEAM

Used to define a general joint constraining any combination of degrees of freedom between two nodes.

Rho, TR, TS, TT, RR, Material Type 97. RS, RT, RPST, RPSR

Very general spring and damper model.

Rho, K, UNLDOPT, OFFSET, DAMPF,

*MAT_GENERAL_ NONLINEAR_1DOF

Altair Engineering

Material Type 148.

Title

Title Material Type 121.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1130 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

_ DISCRETE_BEAM

LCIDT, LCIDTU, LCIDTD, LCIDTE, UTFAIL, UCFAIL, IU Title

*MAT_GENERAL_ NONLINEAR_6DOF _ DISCRETE_BEAM

Very general spring and damper model.

Rho, KT, KR, Material Type 119 UNLDOPT, OFFSET, DAMPF, LCIDTR, LCIDTS, LCIDTT, LCIDRR, LCIDRS, LCIDRT, LCIDTUR, LCIDTUS, LCIDTUT, LCIDRUR, LCIDRUS, LCIDRUT, LCIDTDR, LCIDTDS, LCIDTDT, LCIDRDR, LCIDRDS, LCIDRDT, LCIDTER, LCIDTES, LCIDTET, LCIDRER, LCIDRES, LCIDRET, UTFAILR, UTFAILS, UTFAILT, WTFAILR, WTFAILS, WTFAILT, UCFAILR, UCFAILS, UCFAILT, WCFAILR, WCFAILS, WCFAILT, IUR, IUS, IUT, IWR, IWS, IWT Title

*MAT_GENERAL_S PRING_ DISCRETE_BEAM

*MAT_GENERAL_ VISCOELASTIC

Permits elastic and elastoplastic springs with damping to be represented with a discrete beam element type 6 using six springs each acting about one of the six local degrees of freedom.

Rho, DOF, TYPE, K, Material Type 196. D, CDF, TDF, FLCID, HLCID, C1, C2, DLE, GLCID

Provides a general viscoelastic Maxwell model having up to 6 terms in the prony series expansion and is useful for modeling dense continuum rubbers and solid explosives.

RHO, BULK, PCF, EF, TREF, A, B, LCID, NT, BSTART, TRAMP, LCIDK, NTK, BSTARTK, TRAMPK

Title

Material Type 76.

Title

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*MAT_GEOLOGIC_ CAP_ MODEL

This is an inviscid two invariant geologic cap model.

Rho, BULK, G, Material Type 25. ALPHA, THETA, GAMMA, BETA, R, D, W, X0, C, N, PLOT, FTYPE, VEC, TOFF Title

*MAT_GEPLASTIC_ Characterizes General SRATE Electric's commercially _2000a available engineering thermoplastics subjected to high strain rate events.

Rho, E, PR, RATESF, EDOT0, ALPHA, LCSS, LCFEPS, LCFSIG, LCE

Material Type 101.

Title *MAT_GURSON

Gurson dilatational-plastic model. Available for shell and solid elements.

RO, E, PR, SIGY, N, Material Type 120. Q1, Q2, FC, FO, EN, SN, FN, ETAN, ATYP, FFO, EPS1EPS8, ES1-ES8, L1L4, FF1-FF4, LCSS, LCLF, NUMINT, LCFO, LCFC, LCFN, VGTYP Title

*MAT_GURSON_JC Enhancement of Material Type 120. Gurson model with additional Johnson-Cook failure criterion.

RO, E, PR, SIGY, N, Material Type 120b. Q1, Q2, FC, FO, EN, SN, FN, ETAN, ATYP, FFO, EPS1EPS8, SIG1-SIG8, LCDAM, L1, L2, D1D4, LCSS, LCFF, NUMINT, LCFO, LCFC, LCFN, VGTYP Title

*MAT_HIGH_EXPLO Allows the modeling of the Rho, D, PCJ, BETA SIVE_ detonation of a high explosive. Title BURN

Material Type 8.

*MAT_HILL_FOAM

Material Type 177.

Altair Engineering

Highly compressible foam.

Rho, K, N, MU, LCID, FITTYPE, LCSR, C1-C8, B1-

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1132 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

B8, R, M Title *MAT_HILL_3R

Planar anisotropic material model with 3 R values.

RO, E, PR, HR, P1, P2, ROO, R45, R90, LCID, EO

Material Type 122.

Title Anisotropy axis definition (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, by system) *MAT_HONEYCOM B

The major use of this material model is for honeycomb and foam materials with real anisotropic behavior.

Rho, E, NU, SIGY, VF, MU, BULK, LCA, LCB, LCC, LCS, LCAB, LCBC, LCCA, LCSR, EAAU, EBBU, ECCU, GABU, GBCU, GCAU, AOPT, MACF, TSEF, SSEF

Material Type 26.

Title *MAT_HYDRAULIC_ GAS_ DAMPER_DISCRET E_ BEAM

Special purpose element represents a combined hydraulic and gas-filled damper which has a variable orifice coefficient.

*MAT_HYPERELAS Provides a general TIC_ hyperelastic rubber model RUBBER combined optionally with linear viscoelasticity.

RO, CO, N, PO, PA, Material Type 70. AP, KH, LCID, FR, SCLF, CLEAR Title RO, PR, N, NV, G, Material Type 77. SIGF, C10, C01, C11, C20, C02, C30, ArrayCount Title

*MAT_INELASTIC_S Allows elastoplastic springs PRING_ with damping to be DISCRETE_BEAM represented with a discrete beam element type 6.

Rho, K, FO, D, CDF, Material Type 94. TDF, FLCID, HLCID, C1, C2, DLE, GLCID

*MAT_INELASTIC_6 Defined for simulating the DOF_ effects of nonlinear inelastic SPRING_DISCRETE and nonlinear viscous beams

Rho, TPIDR, TPIDS, TPIDT, RPIDR, RPIDS, RPIDT

Title

1133 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Material Type 95.

Altair Engineering

_BEAM

by using six springs each acting about one of the six local degrees of freedom.

Title

*MAT_ISOTROPIC_ ELASTIC_FAILURE

Non-iterative plasticity with simple plastic strain failure model.

Rho, G, SIGY, ETAN, BULK, EPF, PRF, REM, TREM

Material Type 13.

Title *MAT_ISOTROPIC_ ELASTIC_PLASTIC

Very low cost isotropic plasticity model for threedimensional solids.

*MAT_JOHNSON_C The Johnson/Cook strain and OOK temperature sensitive plasticity is sometimes used for problems where the strain rates vary over a large range and adiabatic temperature increases due to plastic heating causes material softening.

Rho, G, SIGY, ETAN, BULK

Material Type 12.

Title

Rho, G, E, Nu, DTF, VP, RATEOP, A, B, N, C, M, TM, TR, EPSO, CP, PC, SPALL, IT, D1 - D5, C2/P

Material Type 15.

Title

*MAT_JOHNSON_ Useful for modeling ceramics, RO, G, A, B, C, M, HOLMQUIST_CERA glass and other brittle N, EPSI, T, SFMAX, MICS materials. HEL, PHEL, BETA, D1, D2, K1, K2, K3, FS

Material Type 110.

Title *MAT_KELVINUsed for modeling MAXWELL_VISCOE viscoelastic bodies, e.g., LASTIC foams.

Rho, BULK, G0, G1, DC, FO, SO

*MAT_KINEMATIC_ HARDENING_ TRANSVERSELY_ ANISOTROPIC

RO, E, PR, R, CB, Y, SC, K, RSAT, SB, H, EA, COE

*MAT_LAMINATED_ Depending on the type of COMPOSITE_FABR failure surface, may be used IC to model composite materials with unidirectional layers,

Rho, EA, EB, EC, Material Type 58. PRBA, TAU1, GAMMA1, GAB, GBC, GCA, SLIMT1,

Altair Engineering

Material Type 61.

Title Material Type 125

Title

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1134 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

complete layers, complete laminates, and woven fabrics.

SLIMC1, SLIMT2, SLIMC2, SLIM2, TSIZE, ERODS, SOFT, FS, E11C, E11T, E22C, E22T, GMS, XC, XT, YC, YT, SC Title Anisotropy axis definition (By element nodes, Define global vector, Define local vector, Pick system)

*MAT_LAMINATED_ With this material model, a GLASS layered glass including polymeric layers can be modeled.

Rho, E, Nu, SYG, ETG, EFG, EP, PRP, SYP, ETP

*MAT_LAYERED_LI Layered elastoplastic material NEAR_ with an arbitrary stress versus PLASTICITY strain curve and an arbitrary strain rate dependency can be defined.

RO, E, PR, SIGY, ETAN, FAIL, TDEL, C, P, LCSS, LCSR, EPS1-EPS8, ES1ES8

Material Type 32.

Title Material Type 114.

Title *MAT_LINEAR_ELA STIC_ DISCRETE_BEAM

Used for simulating the effects of a linear elastic beam by using six springs each acting about one of the six local degrees of freedom.

Rho, TKR, TKS, Material Type 66. TKT, RKR, RKS, RKT,TDR, TDS, TDT, RDR, RDS, RDT, FOR, FOS, FOT, MOR, MOS, MOT Title

*MAT_LOW_DENSI TY_ FOAM

Used for modeling high density foams.

Rho, E, LCID, TC, Material Type 57. HU, BETA, DAMP, SHAPE, FAIL, ED, BETA1, KCON, REF Title

*MAT_LOW_DENSI TY_ SYNTHETIC_FOAM

Used for modeling rate independent low density foams, which have the property that the hysteresis in

Rho, E, LCID1, LCID2, HU, BETA, DAMP, SHAPE, FAIL, BVFLAG, ED,

1135 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Material Type 179.

Altair Engineering

the loading-unloading curve is BETA1, KCON, considerably reduced after the REF, TC first loading cycle. Options (None, DEFINE TABLE, FAILURE) Title DAMP_Option *MAT_LOW_DENSI TY_ SYNTHETIC_FOAM _ ORTHO

Used for modeling rate independent low density foams, which have the property that the hysteresis in the loading-unloading curve is considerably reduced after the first loading cycle.

Rho, E, LCID1, LCID2, HU, BETA, DAMP, SHAPE, FAIL, BVFLAG, ED, BETA1, KCON, REF, TC

Material Type 180.

Options (None, DEFINE TABLE, FAILURE) Title DAMP_Option

*MAT_LOW_DENSI TY_ SYNETHIC_FOAM_ ORTHO _WITH_FAILURE

Used for modeling rate independent low density foams, which have the property that the hysteresis in the loading-unloading curve is considerably reduced after the first loading cycle.

Rho, E, LCID1, LCID2, HU, BETA, DAMP, SHAPE, FAIL, BVFLAG, ED, BETA1, KCON, REF, TC, K, GAMA1, GAMA2, EH

Material Type 180.

Title DAMP_Option *MAT_LOW_DENSI TY_ SYNTHETIC_FOAM _WITH_ FAILURE

Used for modeling rate independent low density foams, which have the property that the hysteresis in the loading-unloading curve is considerably reduced after the first loading cycle.

Rho, E, LCID1, LCID2, HU, BETA, DAMP, SHAPE, FAIL, BVFLAG, ED, BETA1, KCON, REF, TC, K, GAMA1, GAMA2, EH

Material Type 179.

Title DAMP_Option *MAT_LOW_DENSI TY_ VISCOUS_FOAM

Altair Engineering

Used for modeling Low Density Urethane Foam with high compressibility and with rate sensitivity which can be

Rho, E, LCID, TC, HU, BETA, DAMP, SHAPE, FAIL, BVFLAG, KCON,

Material Type 73.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1136 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

characterized by a relaxation curve.

LCID2, BSTART, TRAMP, NV Title DAMP_Option

*MAT_MODIFIED_ CRUSHABLE_FOA M

*MAT_MODIFIED_ HONEYCOMB

Dedicated to modeling crushable foam with optional damping, tension cutoff, and strain rate effects.

Rho, E, PR, TID, TSC, DAMP, NCYCLE, SCRLMT

Used for aluminum honeycomb crushable foam materials with anisotropic behavior.

Rho, E, NU, SIGY, Material Type 126. VF, MU, BULK, LCA, LCB, LCC, LCS, LCAB, LCBC, LCCA, LCSR, EAAU, EBBU, ECCU, GABU, GCAU, AOPT, MACF, TSEF, SSEF, VREF, TREF, SHDFLG

Material Type 163

Title

Title LCA, LCB, LCC, LCS, LCAB, LCBC, LCCA options *MAT_MODIFIED_ PIECEWISE_LINEA R_ PLASTICITY

An elasto-plastic material with an arbitrary stress versus strain curve and arbitrary strain-rate dependency can be defined.

Rho, E, PR, SIGY, ETAN, FAIL, TDEL, C, P, LCSS, LCSR, VP, EPSTHIN, EPSMAJ, NUMINT, ArrayCount, EPS, ES

Material Type 123.

RATE_Option Title *MAT_MODIFIED_ PIECEWISE_LINEA R_ PLASTICITY_RATE

An elasto-plastic material with an arbitrary stress versus strain curve and arbitrary strain rate dependency can be defined.

Rho, E, PR, SIGY, ETAN, FAIL, TDEL, C, P, LCSS, LCSR, VP, EPSTHIN, EPSMAJ, NUMINT, ArrayCount, EPS, ES, LCTSRF

Material Type 123.

Title *MAT_MODIFIED_

Rate and temperature

Rho, G, E0, N,

1137 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Material Type 65.

Altair Engineering

ZERILLI_ARMSTRO NG

sensitive plasticity model which is sometimes preferred in ordinance design calculations.

TROOM, PC, SPALL, C1-C6, EFAIL, VP, B1-B3, G1-G4, BULK Title

*MAT_MOONEY_RI VLIN_ RUBBER

A two-parametric material model for rubber can be defined.

Rho, NU, A, B, REF, Material Type 27. SGL, SW, ST, LCID

*MAT_MTS

Available for applications involving large strains, high pressures and strain rates.

RO, SIGA, SIGI, Material Type 88. SIGS, SIGO, BULK, HFO, HF1, HF2, SIGSO, EDOTSO, BURG, CAPA, BOLTZ, SMO, SM1, SM2, EDOTO, GO, PINV, QINV, EDOT1, GOI, PINVI, QINVI, EDOTS, GOS, PINVS, QINVS, RHOCPR, TEMPRF, ALPHA, EPSO

Title

Title

*MAT_NONLINEAR_ ELASTIC_DISCRET E_ BEAM

Used for simulating the effects of nonlinear elastic and nonlinear viscous beams by using six springs each acting about one of the six local degrees of freedom.

Rho, LCIDTR, Material Type 67. LCIDTS, LCIDTT, LCIDRR, LCIDRS, LCIDRT, LCIDTDR, LCIDTDS, LCIDTDT, LCIDRDR, LCIDRDS, LCIDRDT, FOR FOS, FOT, MOR MOS, MOT Title

*MAT_NONLINEAR_ Allows the definition of an ORTHOTROPIC orthotropic nonlinear elastic material based on a finite strain formulation with the initial geometry as the reference.

Altair Engineering

Rho, EA, EB, EC, PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, DT, TRAMP, ALPHA, LCIDA, LCIDB, EFAIL, DTFAIL, CDAMP, AOPT, MACF, LCIDC, LCIDAB, LCIDBC, LCIDCA

Material Type 40.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1138 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Title *MAT_NONLINEAR_ PLASTIC_DISCRET E_ BEAM

Used for simulating the effects of nonlinear elastoplastic, linear viscous behavior of beams by using six springs each acting about one of the six local degrees of freedom.

Rho, TKR, TKS, RKR, RKS, RKT, TDR, TDS, TDT, RDR, RDS, RDT, LCPDR, LCPDS, LCPDT, LCPMR, LCPMS, LCPMT, FFAILR, FFAILS, FFAILT, MFAILR, MFAILS, MFAILT, UFAILR, UFAILS, UFAILT, TFAILR, TFAILS, TFAILT, FOR, FOS, FOT, MOR, MOS, MOT

Material Type 68.

Title *MAT_NULL

Allows equations of state to be considered without computing deviatoric stresses.

*MAT_OGDEN_RUB Provides the Ogden (1984) BER rubber model combined optionally with linear viscoelasticity.

Ro, PC, MU, TEROD, CEROD, E, PR

Material Type 9.

Title RO, PR, N, NV, G, SIGF, MU1-MU8, AL1-AL8, ViscoConst

Material Type 77.

Title *MAT_ORIENTED_C This material may be used to RACK model brittle materials which fail due to large tensile stresses.

Rho, E, PR, SIGY, ETAN, FS, PRF

Material Type 17.

Title

*MAT_ORTHOTROP Valid for modeling the elastic- Rho, EA, EB, EC, IC_ orthotropic behavior of solids, PRBA, PRCA, ELASTIC shells and thick shells. PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, G, SIGF

Material Type 2

Aniso_Option Title Anisotropy axis definition (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, by system)

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*MAT_ORTHOTROP A linearly elastic, orthotropic IC_ material with orthotropic THERMAL thermal expansion.

RO, EA, EB, EC, PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA, AA, AB, AC, AOPT, MACF, REF

Material Type 21.

Title *MAT_ORTHOTROP Allows the definition of an IC_ orthotropic material with a VISCOELASTIC viscoelastic part. Applies to shell elements.

RO, EA, EB, EC, Material Type 86. VF, K, GO, GINF, BETA, PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, GAB, GBC, GCA Title Anistropy axis definition (By element nodes, Define global vector, Define local vector, Pick system)

*MAT_PIECEWISE_ An elasto-plastic material with LINEAR_PLASTICIT an arbitrary stress versus Y strain curve and arbitrary strain rate dependency can be defined.

Rho, E, NU, SIGY, Material Type 24. ETAN, EPPF, TDEL, C, P, LCSS, LCSR, VP, ArrayCount

*MAT_PLASTICITY_ An isotropic elastic-plastic COMPRESSION_TE material where unique yield NSION stress versus plastic strain curves can be defined for compression and tension.

RO, E, PR, C, P, Material Type 124. Fail, TDEL, LCIDC, LCIDT, LCSRC, LCSRT, SRFLAG, LCFAIL, PC, PT, PCUTC, PCUTT, PCUTF, K, ArrayCount, GI, beta

Title

Title *MAT_PLASTICITY_ COMPRESSION_TE NSION_ E0S

An isotropic elastic-plastic material where unique yield stress versus plastic strain curves can be defined for compression and tension.

RO, E, PR, C, P, Material Type 155. Fail, TDEL, LCIDC, LCIDT, LCSRC, LCSRT, SRFLAG, PC, PT, PCUTC, PCUTT, PCUTF, K, ArrayCount, GI, beta Title

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1140 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*MAT_PLASTIC_ KINEMATIC

Suited to model isotropic and Rho, E, NU, SIGY, kinematic hardening plasticity ETAN, BETA, SRC, with the option of including SRP, FS, VP rate effects. Title

Material Type 3

*MAT_PLASTICITY_ An elasto-plastic material with POLYMER an arbitrary stress versus strain curve and arbitrary strain rate dependency can be defined.

RO, E, PR, C, P, LSCC, LCSR, EFTX, DAMP, RATEFAC, LCFAIL

Material Type 89.

*MAT_PLASTICITY_ An elasto-visco-plastic WITH_DAMAGE material with an arbitrary stress versus strain curve and arbitrary strain rate dependency can be defined.

RO, E, PR, SIGY, Material Types 81-82. ETAN, EPPF, TDEL, C, P, LCSS, LCSR, EPPFR, VP, LCDM, NUMINT, ArrayCount

Title

Options (None, ORTHO, ORTHO_RCDC) Title *MAT_PLASTICITY_ Invokes an orthotropic WITH_DAMAGE_O damage model RTHO

RO, E, PR, SIGY, Material Types 81-82. ETAN, EPPF, TDEL, C, P, LCSS, LCSR, EPPFR, VP, LCDM, NUMINT, ArrayCount Title

*MAT_PLASTICITY_ Invokes the damage model WITH_DAMAGE_RC developed by Wilkins DC

RO, E, PR, SIGY, Material Types 81-82. ETAN, EPPF, TDEL, C, P, LCSS, EPPFR, VP, LCDM, NUMINT, ArrayCount, ALPHA, BETA, GAMMA, D0, B, LAMBA, DS, L

*MAT_POWER_LA W_ PLASTICITY

This is an isotropic plasticity model with rate effects which uses a power law hardening rule.

Rho, E, NU, K, N, SRC, SRP, SIGY, VP

This model has been used to analyze buried steel

Rho, G, PR, SIGF, A0, A1, A2, A0F,

*MAT_PSEUDO_TE NSOR

Material Type 18.

Title

1141 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Material Type 16.

Altair Engineering

reinforced concrete structures A1F, B1, PER, ER, subjected to impulsive PRR, SIGY, ETAN, loadings. LCP, LCR, X1- X16, YS1-YS16 Title

*MAT_RATE_SENSI TIVE_ POWERLAW_PLAS TICITY

Used to model strain rate sensitive elasto-plastic material with a power law hardening.

*MAT_RESULTANT_ This model is available the ANISOTROPIC Belytschko-Tsay and the C0 triangular shell elements and is based on a resultant stress formulation.

Rho, E, Nu, K, M, N, Material Type 64. E0, VP, EPS0 Title K_Option Rho, E11P, E22P, V12P, V21P, G12P, G23P, G31P, E11B, E22B, V12B, V21B, G12B, AOPT, LN11, LN22, LN12, LQ1, LQ2, LM11, LM22, LM12

Material Type 170.

Title *MAT_RESULTANT_ A resultant formulation for PLASTICITY beam and shell elements including elasto-plastic behavior can be defined. *MAT_RIGID

Rho, E, NU, SIGY, ETAN

Material Type 28.

Title

Parts made from this material Rho, E, NU, N, Material Type 20. are considered to belong to a COUPLE, M, ALIAS, rigid body (for each part ID). CMO, A1-A3, V1-V3 Title LocalCoordinateSyst em

*MAT_SAMP-1

Uses an isotropic C-1 smooth yield surface for the description of non-reinforced plastics.

RO, BULK, GMOD, Material Type 187. EMOD, NUE, LCIDT, LCID-C, LCID-S, LCID-B, NUEP, LCID-P, LCID-D, DC, DEPRPT, LCID_TRI, LCID_LC, MITER, MIPS, IVM, IQUAD, ICONV Title

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1142 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*MAT_SCHWER_ MURRARY_CAP_M ODEL

The Schwer & Murray Cap Model, known as the Continuous Surface Cap Model, is a three invariant extension of the Geological Cap Model (Material Type 25) that also includes viscoplasticity for rate effects and damage mechanics to model strain softening.

RO, SHEAR, BULK, Material Type 145. GRUN, SHOCK, PORE, ALPHA, THETA, GAMMA, BETA, EFIT, FFIT, ALPHAN, CALPHA, R0, X0, IROCK, SECP, AFIT, BFIT, RDAMO, W, D1, D2, NPLOT, EPSMAX, CFIT, DFIT, TFAIL, FAILFG, DBETA, DDELTA, VPTAU, ALPHA1, THETA1, GAMMA1, BETA1, ALPHA2, THETA2, GAMMA2, BETA2 Title

*MAT_SEATBELT

Define a seat belt material.

MPUL, LLCID, ULCID, LMIN Title

*MAT_SHAPE_ME MORY

*MAT_SID_DAMPE R_ DISCRETE_BEAM

This material model describes the superelastic response present in shape-memory alloys that is the peculiar material ability to undergo large deformations with full recovery in loading-unloading cycles.

Rho, E, Nu, Material Type 30. SIG_ASS, SIG_ASF, SIG_SAS, SIG_SAF, EPSL, ALPHA, YMRT

The side impact dummy uses a damper that is not adequately treated by the nonlinear force versus relative velocity curves since the force characteristics are dependent on the displacement of the piston.

Rho, SST, D, R, H, K, C, C3, STF, RHOF, C1, C2, LCIDF, LCIDD, S0, ArrayCount

*MAT_SIMPLIFIED_ Used for problems where the JOHNSON_COOK strain rates vary over a large range.

Title

Material Type 69.

Title K_Option Rho, E, PR, VP, A, B, N, C, PSFAIL, SIGMAX, SIGSAT, EPSO

Material Type 98.

Title

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Altair Engineering

*MAT_SIMPLIFIED_ JOHNSON_COOK_ ORTHOTROPIC_DA MAGE

Implemented with multiple through thickness integration points. Extension of Model 98 to include orthotropic damage as a means of treating failure in aluminum panels.

*MAT_SIMPLIFIED_ Provides a rubber and foam RUBBER/FOAM model defined by a single uniaxial load curve or by a family of uniaxial curves at discrete strain rates.

Rho, E, PR, VP, Material Type 99. EPPFR, LCDM, NUMINT, A, B, N, C, PSFAIL, SIGMAX, SIGSAT, EPSO Title Rho, KM, MU, G, SIGF, REF, PRTEN, SGL, SW, ST, LC/ TBID, TENSION, RTYPE, AVGOPT, PR/BETA

Material Type 181.

With-Failure Title *MAT_SIMPLIFIED_ Provides an incompressible RUBBER_WITH_DA rubber model defined by a MAGE single uniaxial load curve for loading (or a table if rate effects are considered) and a single uniaxial load curve for unloading.

RHO, K, MU, G, Material Type 183. SIGF, SGL, SW, ST, LCLD, TENSION, RTYPE, AVGOPT, LCUNLD

*MAT_SOIL_AND_F OAM

Rho, G, BULK, A0 A2, PC, VCR, REF, EPS, P

Simple model that works in some ways like a fluid.

Title

Material Type 5.

Title *MAT_SOIL_AND_F OAM_ FAILURE

*MAT_SPOTWELD

The input for this model is the same as for *MAT_SOIL_AND_FOAM; however, when the pressure reaches the failure pressure, the element loses its ability to carry tension.

Rho, G, BULK, A0 A2, PC, VCR, REF, EPS, P

Applies to beam elements Type 9 and to solid elements Type 1 with Type 6 hourglass controls.

Rho, E, PR, SIGY, ET, DT, TFAIL, EFAIL, NRR, NRS, MRR, MSS, MTT, NF

Material Type 14.

Title

Material Type 100.

Damage-Failure Title LCID-NRR LCID-NRS

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1144 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*MAT_SPOTWELD_ Applies to solid elements DAIMLER_CHRYSL Type 1 with Type 6 hourglass ER controls.

RO, E, PR, DT, TFAIL, EFAIL, NF, RS, TRUE_T, CON_ID

Material Type 100.

Title *MAT_SPOTWELD_ Applies to beam element type DAMAGE 9 and to solid element type 1 with type 6 hourglass controls.

Rho, E, PR, SIGY, Material Type 100. ET, DT, TFAIL, OPT, EFAIL, NRR, NRS, NRT, MRR, MSS, MTT, NF, RS, OPT, FVAL, TRUE_T, BETA Title

*MAT_SPRING_ELA Used for discrete springs and STIC dampers. Provides a translational or rotational elastic spring located between two nodes.

K

Material Type SD-1.

Title

*MAT_SPRING_ ELASTOPLASTIC

Used for discrete springs and K, KT, FY dampers. Provides an Title elastoplastic translational or rotational spring with isotropic hardening located between two nodes.

Material Type SD-3.

*MAT_SPRING_GE NERAL_ NONLINEAR

Used for discrete springs and dampers. Provides a general nonlinear translational or rotational spring with arbitrary loading and unloading definitions.

LCDL, LCDU, BETA, Material Type SD-6. TYI, CYI

*MAT_SPRING_INE LASTIC

Used for discrete springs and dampers. Provides an inelastic tension or compression only, translational or rotational spring.

LCFD, KU, CTF

*MAT_SPRING_MA XWELL

Used for discrete springs and dampers. Provides a three Parameter Maxwell Viscoelastic translational or rotational spring.

K0, KI, BETA, TC, FC, COPT

Title

Material Type SD-8.

Title

Material Type SD-7.

Title

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Altair Engineering

*MAT_SPRING_ NONLINEAR_ELAS TIC

Used for discrete springs and LCD, LCR dampers. Provides a nonlinear Title elastic translational and rotational spring with arbitrary force versus displacement and moment versus rotation, respectively.

*MAT_STEINBERG

This material is available for modeling materials deforming at very high strain rates (>105) and can be used with solid elements.

Material Type SD-4.

Rho, G0, SIGO, Material Type 11. BETA, N, GAMMA, SIGM, B, BP, H, F, A, TMO, GAMO, SA, PC, SPALL, RP, FLAG, MMN, MMX, EC0 - 9 LUND, Title

*MAT_STEINBERG_ This material is a modification LUND of the Steinberg model to include the rate model of Steinberg and Lund (1989).

Rho, G0, SIGO, Material Type 11. BETA, N, GAMMA, SIGM, B, BP, H, F, A, TMO, GAMO, SA, PC, SPALL, RP, FLAG, MMN, MMX, EC0 - 9, UK, C1, C2, YP, YA, YM Title

*MAT_STRAIN_RAT A strain rate dependent E_ material can be defined DEPENDENT_PLAS TICITY

Rho, E, NU, VP, LC1, ETAN, LC2, LC3, LC4, TDEL, RDEF

Material Type 19.

Title

*MAT_TEMPERATU An orthotropic elastic material RE_ with arbitrary temperature DEPENDENT_ dependency can be defined. ORTHOTROPIC

RO, AOPT, REF, Material Type 23. MACF, ArrayCount, EA, EB, EC, PRBA, PRCA, PRCB, AA, AB, AC, GAB, GBC, GCA, T Title

*MAT_THERMAL_ ISOTROPIC

Altair Engineering

Allows isotropic thermal properties to be defined.

TRO, TGRLC, TGMULT, TLAT, HLAT, HC, TC

Thermal Material Property Type 1.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1146 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Title *MAT_THERMAL_ ISOTROPIC_TD_LC

Allows isotropic thermal properties that are temperature dependent specified by load curves to be defined.

TRO, TGRLC, TGMULT, HCLC, TCLC

Thermal Material Property Type 6.

Title TGRCL_Option

*MAT_THERMAL_ ORTHOTROPIC

Allows orthotropic thermal properties to be defined.

TRO, TGRLC, TGMULT, AOPT, TLAT, HLAT, HC, K1, K2, K3

Thermal Material Property Type 2.

Title *MAT_TRANSVERS ELY_ ANISOTROPIC_ CRUSHABLE_FOA M

Used for an extruded foam material that is transversely istropic, crushable, and of low density with no significant Poisson effect.

Rho, E11, E22, E12, Material Type 142. E23, G, K, NY, ANG, MU, ISCL, MACF Anisotropy axis definition (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, by system)

*MAT_TRANSVERS This model is for simulating ELY_ sheet forming processes with ANISOTROPIC_ELA anisotropic material. STIC_ PLASTIC

RO, E, PR, SIGY, ETAN, R, HLCID

*MAT_TRANSVERS This model is for simulating ELY_ sheet forming processes with ANISOTROPIC_ELA anisotropic material. STIC_ PLASTIC_ECHANG E

RO, E, PR, SIGY, ETAN, R, HLCID, IDSCALE, EA, COE

*MAT_TRIP

Material Type 37.

Echange_Option Title Material Type 37.

Title

Isotropic elasto-plastic RO, E, PR, CP, T0, Material Type 113. material model that applies to TREF, TA0, A, B, C, shell elements only. D, P, Q, E0MART, VM0, AHS, BHS, M, N, EPS0, HMART, K1, K2 Title

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Altair Engineering

*MAT_UNSUPPORT ED *MAT_USER_DEFIN User can supply their own ED_ subroutines. MATERIAL

*MAT_VACUUM

Material Types 41-50.

Dummy material representing Rho a vacuum in a multi-material Title Euler/ALE model.

Material Type 140.

*MAT_VISCOELAST Allows the modeling of IC viscoelastic behavior for beams (Hughes-Liu), shells, and solids.

Rho, BULK, G0, GI, BETA

Material Type 6.

*MAT_VISCOELAST Highly compressible foam. IC_HILL _FOAM

Rho, K, N, MU, Material Type 178. LCID1, FITTYPE, LCSR, LCVE, NT, GSTART, C1-C8, B1B8, ArrayCount, GI, beta

Title

Title *MAT_VISCOUS_F OAM

*MAT_WINFRITH_ CONCRETE

Used to represent the Confor Foam on the ribs of EuroSID side impact dummy.

Rho, E1, N1, V2, E2, Material Type 62. N2, Nu

Only Type 84 includes rate effects. Model is a smeared crack, smeared rebar model implemented in the 8-node single integration point continuum element.

RO, TM, PR, UCS, UTS, FE, ASIZE, E, YS, EH, UELONG, RATE, CONM, CONL, CONT, EPS1-EPS8, P1-P8

Title

Material Type 84 and Type 85.

Title *MAT_WOOD

Altair Engineering

Wood material.

RO, NPLOT, ITERS, IRATE, GHARD, IFAIL, IVOL, EL, ET, GLT, GTR, PR, XT, XC, YT, YC, SXY, SYZ, GF1_PAR, GF2_PAR, BFIT, DMAX, GF1_PREP,

Material Type 143.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1148 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

GF2_PREP, DFIT, DMAX, FLPAR, FLPARC, POWPAR, FLPER, FLPERC, POWPER, NPAR, CPAR, NPER, CPER, MACF, BETA Options (None, Pine, Fir) Title Anisotropy axis definition *MAT_WOOD_FIR

Wood material.

RO, NPLOT, ITERS, IRATE, GHARD, IFAIL, IVOL, MOIS, TEMP, QUAL_C, UNITS, IQUAL, MACF, BETA

Material Type 143.

Title Quality factor options Anisotropy axis definition *MAT_WOOD_OPTI Transversely isotropic ON material and is available for solid elements

RO, NPLOT, ITERS, IRATE, GHARD, IFAIL, IVOL, MOIS, TEMP, QUAL_C, UNITS, IQUAL, MACF, BETA

Material Type 143.

Title Quality factor options Anisotropy axis definition *MAT_WOOD_PINE Wood material.

RO, NPLOT, ITERS, IRATE, GHARD, IFAIL, IVOL, MOIS, TEMP, QUAL_C, UNITS, IQUAL, MACF, BETA

Material Type 143.

Title Quality factor options Anisotropy axis definition

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Altair Engineering

*MAT_1DOF_ GENERALIZED_SP RING

*MAT_3PARAMETER_BAR LAT

Linear or spring damper that allows different degrees of freedom at two nodes to be coupled.

Rho, K, C, SCLN1, SCLN2, DOFN1, DOFN2, CID1, CID2

Material Type 146.

Title

Used for modeling sheets with Rho, E, PR, HR, P1, Material Type 36. anisotropic materials under P2, ITER, M, R00, plane stress conditions. R45, R90, LCID, SPI, C, P, VLCID Title YoungsModulusAsF unctionOfStrain R00FunctionOfPlasti cStrain R45FunctionOfPlasti cStrain R90FunctionOfPlasti cStrain Anistropy axis definition (By element nodes, Define global vector, Define local vector, Pick system)

MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

COMPONENT

Material component used for definition of layered materials.

Supported Parameters

Defined on the card of the parent MATERIAL.

DAMAGE

MATERIAL.ANISO

Altair Engineering

Notes

Defined on the card of the parent MATERIAL. Linear elastic anisotropic material model.

DENSITY, C11, C22, C44, C12, C24, C41, MAT_DIR, MAT_DIR (X), Y, Z, MU, DAMP_COEF,

MAT_DIR can be specified by either selecting a coordinate system or entering the components of the direction vector. If a

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1150 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

ASSEMBLY airbag fabric properties COMMENT

MATERIAL. ENCRYPTED MATERIAL.FABRIC

coordinate system was selected, the (local) direction of the X-axis is used as MAT_DIR. KAPPA becomes available if a PERMEABILITY. MODEL is being used.

ASSEMBLY

Loosely woven fabric material model.

DENSITY, TENSION_ONLY, MU, DAMP_COEF, MAT_DIR_1, MAT_DIR_1(X), Y, Z, E_1, SCALE_FACTOR_1, LOAD_FUNC_1, INTERPOLATION, X_SCALE, Y_SCALE, X_SHIFT, Y_SHIFT, ASSEMBLY

Choose the number of thread definitions. KAPPA becomes available if a PERMEABILITY. MODEL is being used. REDUCTION_LIMIT_STRAI N becomes available when TENSION_ONLY is ON

NR_OF_THREADS strain rate dependent airbag fabric properties COMMENT MATERIAL.FOAM

Foam material

DENSITY, CHAR, ASSEMBLY strain rate dependent COMMENT

MATERIAL.HOLE

Hole material

HOLE.MODEL, BLOCK_FLOW, CDEX, DPEX, DTEX, DELTEX, SWITCH, SWITCH_SCALE, CDP_FUNC, CDT_FUNC, SCALE_FUNC, ASSEMBLY HOLE_AREA

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HOLE_SUBSEGME NT COMMENT MATERIAL. HONEYCOMB

Honeycomb material model with tri-linear stress-strain behaviour.

DENSITY, E11_1, E11_2, E11_3, CMPFC_A1, E22_1, E22_2, E22_3, CMPFC_A2, E33_1, E22_2, E33_3, CMPFCA3, G12_1, G12_2, G12_3, CMPFC_A4, G23_1, G23_2, G23_3, CMPFC_A5, G31_1, G31_2, G31_3, CMPFC_A6, CMPFC_B, MAT_DIR, MAT_DIR (X), Y, Z, MAT_DIR_2(X), Y, Z, ASSEMBLY

MAT_DIR_1 and MAT_DIR_2 can be specified by either selecting one coordinate system or entering the components of both direction vectors. If a coordinate system was selected, the (local) directions of the X-axis and Y-axis are used as MAT_DIR_1 and MAT_DIR_2.

COMMENT MATERIAL. HONEYCOMB_PLA STIC

Honeycomb material using plasticity formulation.

DENSITY, MAT_DIR, MAT_DIR_1(X), Y, Z, MAT_DIR_2(X), Y, Z, E11, E22, E33, G12, G23, G31, CMPC_11_FUNC, CMPC_22_FUNC, CMPC_33_FUNC, CMPC_12_FUNC, CMPC_23_FUNC, CMPC_31_FUNC, INTERPOLATION, X_SCALE, Y_SCALE, X_SHIFT, Y_SHIFT, CMPC_VOLUME, E, NU, YIELD_STRESS, ASSEMBLY

MAT_DIR_1 and MAT_DIR_2 can be specified by either selecting one coordinate system or entering the components of both direction vectors. If a coordinate system was selected, the (local) directions of the X-axis and Y-axis are used as MAT_DIR_1 and MAT_DIR_2.

COMMENT MATERIAL.HYSISO Elastic isotropic material model with hysteresis.

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DENSITY, CHAR, TENSION_ONLY, ASSEMBLY

KAPPA becomes available if a PERMEABILITY.

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airbag fabric properties

MODEL is being used.

COMMENT MATERIAL. INTERFACE

Material model for interface element.

MAXTFN, AN, MAXTFS, AS, GMODE1, GMODE2, WINDOW, ASSEMBLY COMMENT

MATERIAL.ISOLIN

Linear elastic isotropic material

DENSITY, E, NU, TENSION_ONLY, MU, DAMP_COEF, ASSEMBLY

KAPPA becomes available if a PERMEABILITY. MODEL is being used.

apply damage

REDUCTION_LIMIT_STRAI N becomes available when TENSION_ONLY is ON

airbag fabric properties COMMENT MATERIAL.ISOPLA

Isotropic elastoplastic material.

DENSITY, E, YIELD_STRESS, NU, KAPPA, ASSEMBLY

KAPPA becomes available if a PERMEABILITY. MODEL is being used.

strain rate dependent hardening model apply damage airbag fabric properties COMMENT MATERIAL. KELVIN1D

Linear 1-dimensional Kelvin material.

STIF, DAMP_COEF, ASSEMBLY COMMENT

MATERIAL. KELVIN1D_NL

Non-linear 1-dimenional Kelvin CHAR, ASSEMBLY material. COMMENT

MATERIAL. KELVIN3D

Linear 3-dimensional Kelvin material

D1_STIF, D2_STIF, D3_STIF, R1_STIF, R2_STIF, R3_STIF, D1_DAMP, D2_DAMP,

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D3_DAMP, R1_DAMP, R2_DAMP, R3_DAMP, ASSEMBLY COMMENT MATERIAL. KELVIN3D_NL

Non-linear 3-dimensional Kelvin material.

D1_CHAR, D2_CHAR, D3_CHAR, R1_CHAR, R2_CHAR, R3_CHAR, ASSEMBLY COMMENT

MATERIAL.LINVIS

Linear visco-elastic isotropic material.

DENSITY, BULK, GINF, GD1, TAU1, GD2, TAU2, GD3, TAU3, GD4, TAU4, ASSEMBLY COMMENT

MATERIAL. MOONRIV

Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic isotropic material (rubber materials).

DENSITY, A, B, NU, MU, DAMP_COEF, ASSEMBLY COMMENT

MATERIAL.NULL

NULL material

DENSITY_NULL, ASSEMBLY COMMENT

MATERIAL. ORTHOLIN

Linear elastic orthotropic material.

DENSITY, E11, E22, G12, NU12, TENSION_ONLY, MAT_DIR, MAT_DIR (X), Y, Z, MU, DAMP_COEF, DAMPING apply damage airbag fabric properties COMMENT

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MAT_DIR can be specified by either selecting a coordinate system or entering the components of the direction vector. If a coordinate system was selected, the (local) direction of the X-axis is used as MAT_DIR. KAPPA becomes available if a PERMEABILITY. MODEL is being used.

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REDUCTION_LIMIT_STRAI N becomes available when TENSION_ONLY is ON MATERIAL. ORTHOLIN_LAYER ED

Linear elastic orthotropic layered material.

COMMENT

MAT_DIR can be specified by either selecting a coordinate system or entering the components of the direction vector. If a coordinate system was selected, the (local) direction of the X-axis is used as MAT_DIR. KAPPA becomes available if a PERMEABILITY. MODEL is being used.

MATERIAL. ORTHOPLA

Orthotropic elastic-plastic material based on Hill's yield condition.

strain rate dependent MAT_DIR can be specified by either selecting a hardening model coordinate system or entering the components apply damage of the direction vector. If a coordinate system was airbag fabric selected, the (local) properties direction of the X-axis is COMMENT used as MAT_DIR. KAPPA becomes available if a PERMEABILITY. MODEL is being used.

MATERIAL.RIGID

Rigid material

COMMENT

MATERIAL. SANDWICH

Linear elastic orthotropic sandwich material.

COMMENT

MATERIAL.STRAP

Tension-only perfect elasticplastic material model with failure for straps.

COMMENT

MATERIAL.TONER

Tension-only elastic material

COMMENT

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MAT_DIR can be specified by either selecting a coordinate system or entering the components of the direction vector. If a coordinate system was selected, the (local) direction of the X-axis is used as MAT_DIR.

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with rupture. MATERIAL.USER

User defined material model

COMMENT

MATERIAL. VISCO_NL

Non-linear visco-elastic isotropic material

COMMENT

PERMEABILITY

Defined on the card of the parent MATERIAL.

RATE

Defined on the card of the parent MATERIAL.

RUPTURE THREAD

Definition of material properties via a characteristic specification for a thread (FABRIC material).

Defined on the card of the parent MATERIAL.

MARC

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

MAT_FOAM

NoOfSets, UnitNo, NoOfTerms, DataInputMode, ModFlag, MassDen, CoeffThermExp, RefValueu, RefValuea, RefValueb, UNSUPPORTED_DA TA

MAT_ISOTROPIC

YieldCrit, HardRule, ConCrack, DataIndex, VisPlasParm, YoungMod, PoissRat, MassDensity, ThermExp, VonMises, HardType, CostPerVol,

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Notes

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CostPerMass, StrainRateData, WorkHardData, TempEffectData MAT_MOONEY

NoOfSets, UnitNo, DataInputMode, RivConC10, RivConC01, MassDen, CoeffThermExp, HOrderC11, HOrderC20, HOrderC30, BulkMod, UNSUPPORTED_DA TA

MAT_OGDEN

NoOfSets, UnitNo, NoOfTerms, ModelType, DataInputMode, BulkModK, MassDen, CoeffThermExp, RefValueu, RefValuea, UNSUPPORTED_DA TA

MAT_ORTHOTROPI C

NoOfSets, UnitNo, YieldCrit, HardRule, IANELSFLAG, DataReadType, DataIndex, VisPlasParm, YoungModE11, YoungModE22, YoungModE33, PoisRatV12, PoisRatV23, PoisRatV31, MassDen, ShearModG12, ShearModG23, ShearModG31, ThermExpA11, ThermExpA22, ThermExpA33,

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CostPerVol, CostPerMass, TenYStress, EqvYStress, YRDIR1_M, YRDIR2_C1, YRDIR3_C2, YRSHR1_C3, YRSHR2_C6, YRSHR3, UNSUPPORTED_DA TA, StrainRateData, WorkHardData, TempEffectData

Nastran

Some of the material data cards provided by Nastran can be created by loading and editing the appropriate card images. These card images have the same name as the corresponding cards. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

MAT1

Defines the material properties for linear isotropic materials.

MATS1

Notes

MATEP MATT1 MAT4 MAT5

MAT2

Defines the material properties for linear anisotropic materials for twodimensional elements.

MATEP MATT2 MAT4 MAT5

MAT4

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n/a Defines the constant or temperature-dependent thermal material properties for conductivity, heat capacity, density, dynamic viscosity, heat generation, reference enthalpy, and latent heat associated with a singlephase change.

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MAT5

Defines the thermal material properties for anisotropic materials

KXX, KYY, KXZ, KYY, KYZ, KZZ, CP, RHO, HGEN

MAT8

Defines the material property for an orthotropic material for isoparametric shell elements.

MATT8

Defines the material properties for linear, temperature-independent, anisotropic materials for solid isoparametric elements.

MATEP

MAT9

MAT4 MAT5

MATT9 MAT4 MAT5

MAT10

Defines material properties for MAT4 fluid elements in coupled fluidMAT5 structural analysis.

MATHE

Specifies hyperelastic (rubber-like) material properties for nonlinear (large strain and large rotation) analysis in SOL 600 and MD Nastran SOL 400 only

MODEL, K, RHO, TEXP, TREF, GE, C10, C01, C20, C11, C30, TAB1, TAB2, TAB3, TAB4, TABD

MATG

Specifies gasket material properties to be used in SOL 600 and MD Nastran SOL 400.

IDMEM, BEHAV, TABLD, TABLU, YPRS, EPL

MATHP

Specifies material properties n/a for use in fully nonlinear (i.e., large strain and large rotation) hyperelastic analysis of rubber-like materials (elastomers).

The PCOMP card contains all information regarding composite materials, including the orientation of the longitudinal direction of each ply. You can view each ply direction through the Composites panel. The material longitudinal axis of the element, shown in the Composites panel as elem orientation is obtained either by rotating the x axis of the element THETA degree (from THETA field in the element card) counterclockwise, or by projecting the x axis of a system (from MCID field in the element card) onto the surface of the element. Each ply orientation, shown in the Composites panel as ply direction, is obtained by rotating the material longitudinal axis THETAi degree (from the THETAi field in the PCOMP card) counterclockwise. PAM-CRASH 2G

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

MAT_SECURE PLY

TYPE 1

DENSITY, E11, E22, E33, G12, G23, G13, V12, V23, V13, Emtsi, Emts1, Emtsu, Dmts1, Dmtsu, Emtvi, Evmtv1, Emtvu, Dmtv1, Dmtvu, Eft, AlphaF, Efti, Eft1, Eftu, Dft1, Dftu, Ply model, Ply failure criteria, Strain rate Model Elastic Plastic

Strain rate Model (no Post-Yield behavior strain rate, Cowper- defined by Yield Stress Symonds, Johnson- list box. Cook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 (None, ed) Yield Stress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK, LOOKU, VOCEG) Hardening Type (None, AFCHA, OWANG)

TYPE 2

Crushable Foam

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 (None, Ev, Pv, Edv) MAUX2 (None, Ev, Pv, Edv)

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1160 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

MAUX3 (None, Ev, Pv, Edv) TYPE 5

Linear Viscoelastic

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, Exx, Eyy, Ezz, Exy, Eyz, Ezx, Exx+Eyy+Ezz, E1, E2, E3)

TYPE 7

Isotropic - Elastic-PlasticHydrodynamic

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX2 (None, Eint, Vol)

TYPE 11

Blatz-Ko Rubber

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, Exx, Eyy, Ezz, Exy, Eyz, Ezx, Exx+Eyy+Ezz, E1, E2, E3)

TYPE 16

Elastic-Plastic with Damage

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX2 (None, d, ed) Yield Stress (Yield

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Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) TYPE 17

Hyperleastic Mooney-Rivlin

Strain rate Model (no To enter LTC on card 4, a strain rate, Cowper- curve must exist. Symonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, Exx, Eyy, Ezz, Exy, Eyz, Ezx, Exx+Eyy+Ezz, E1, E2, E3)

TYPE 18

Hyperelastic Hart-Smith

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, Exx, Eyy, Ezz, Exy, Eyz, Ezx, Exx+Eyy+Ezz, E1, E2, E3)

TYPE 20

Inelastic Crushable Foam

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, Pair, Ev, c)

TYPE 21

Elastic Foam

Strain rate Model (no Curve definition may be strain rate, Cowper- defined with points or with Symonds, Johnson- curve entities. Cook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, E1, E2, E3, Sigma1, Sigma2,

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Sigma3, fe1, fe2, fe3, Ac, Ed1, Ed2, Ed3) Curve Flag (Single curve via points, Specify curves) TYPE 22

Non-linear Viscoelastic

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, Exx, Eyy, Ezz, Exy, Eyz, Ezx, Exx+Eyy+Ezz, E1, E2, E3, Ac)

TYPE 25

Solid for Foam Side Impact Barriers

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX5 (None, Pair, Ev, c, s, Ed)

TYPE 26

Elastic Plastic with Gurson Damage Model

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX5 (None, d, Ed) Yield Stress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK)

TYPE 30

Unidirectional Composite BiPhase

DENSITY, NINT, To enter IPLY on card 3, a ISHG, IFROZ, QVIS, material collector with a C, defined PLY_DATA card

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THERDATASETNUM image must exist. , TITLE, IPLY, EsLIM, NMIN Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, SigmaM11, SigmaM22, SigmaM33, SigmaM12, SigmaM23, SigmaM31, dF, dT, dsM, dvM, Exx, Eyy, Ezz, Exy, Eyz, Ezx) TYPE 31

Unidirectional Composite Non- DENSITY, NINT, linear ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, IPLY, EsLIM, NMIN, NMAIN, NUNLD, NRELD, Q1-Q3, E1E8, S1-S8

To enter IPLY on card 3, a material collector with a defined PLY_DATA card image must exist.

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, SigmaM11, SigmaM22, SigmaM33, SigmaM12, SigmaM23, SigmaM31, dF, dT, dsM, dvM, Exx, Eyy, Ezz, Exy, Eyz, Ezx) TYPE 36

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Elastic/Stiffening - Plastic with DENSITY, NINT, Failure ISHG, IFROZ,

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QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, V, LC1-LC8, Erate1-Erate8, EtMAX, LC2, DampRatio, DampFreq, Q1-Q3 Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX3 (None, Etmax, F1, Ed) TYPE 37

Viscoelastic Ogden Rubber

DENSITY, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, V, N, M, ShearMod1ShearMod8, Exponent1Exponent8, LTCuniaxial, LTCbiaxial, LTCpshear, LTCvolume, Q1-Q3 Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, Exx, Eyy, Ezz, Exy, Eyz, Ezx, Exx+Eyy+Ezz, E1E3)

TYPE 41

Improved Side Impact Barrier TYPEerial

DENSITY, NINT, Full material input and ISHG, IFROZ, simplified material input QVISC, are available THERDATASETNUM

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, TITLE, EoT, EyT, E1T, E2T, GoTL, EyTL, G1TL, GyieldT, EoL, EyL, E1L, E2L, GoLW, EyLW, G1LW, GyieldL, EoW, EyW, E1W, E2W, GoWT, EyWT, G1WT, GyieldW, Ec, DampRatio, DampFreq, d1, du, Ei, E1, Eu, alpha, eps_d_off, eps_d_tens, eps_elim, Q1-Q3 Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1 - MAUX6 (None, dmax, En, Es Exx, Eyy, Ezz, Exy, Eyz, Ezx, Ac, Edxx, Edyy, Edxy, Edyz, Edxz) TYPE 42

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DENSITY, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, EC_TT, AC_TT, ICUC_TT, MVC_TT, ASIC_TT, ESIC_TT, ALIC_TT, ELIC_TT, ET_TT, AT_TT, ICUT_TT, MVT_TT, ASIT_TT, ESIT_TT, ALIT_TT, ELIT_TT, EC_LL, AC_TT, ICUC_LL, MVC_LL, ASIC_LL, ESIC_LL, ALIC_LL, ELIC_LL, ET_LL, AC_TT, ICUT_LL, MVT_LL, ASIT_LL,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1166 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

ESIT_LL, ALIT_LL, ELIT_LL, EC_WW, AC_TT, ICUC_WW, MVC_WW, ASIC_WW, ESIC_WW, ALIC_WW, ELIC_WW, ET_WW, AC_TT, ICUT_WW, MVT_WW, ASIT_WW, ESIT_WW, ALIT_WW, ELIT_WW, G_TL, AC_TT, ICU_TL, MVL_TL, ASI_TL, ESI_TL, ALI_TL, ELI_TL, G_LW, A_LW, ICU_LW, MVL_LW, ASI_LW, ESI_LW, ALI_LW, ELI_LW, G_TW, A_TW, ICU_TW, MVL_TW, ALI_TW, ESI_TW, ALI_TW, ELI_TW, DampRatio, DampFreq, D, p, Q1Q3, LCSTRAT, EVOLC, EVOLT, EVOMC, EVOMT, EVSLC, EVSLT, EVSMC, EVSMT, ESWITCH, NU_SWI, LCYILD, LCDAM, ISWITCH, ASWITCH TYPE 45

General Non-linear Strain Rate DENSITY, NINT, Dependent ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, E, Alpha, Hydro, DampRatio, SlMult, DampFreq, xratUI, iratExt, LCC1-LCC8, EC1EC8, LCT1-LCT8, ET1-ET8, LccUI, LctUI, Q1-Q3

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Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) TYPE 52

Elastic-Plastic Solid with Fracture Criteria

DENSITY, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, G, Yield, Etan, K, ks, NF, LC, DampRatio, DampFreq, Gd_LC1, Gd_LC8, Gd_e1Gd_e8, Gs_LC1Gs_LC8, Gs_e1Gs_e8 Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1-MAUX6 (None, Plastric strain rate, Ductile damage contour, Shear damage contour, Overall damage contour, stress triaxiality factor, Shear stress factor) Yield Stress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK, LOOKU)

TYPE 61

Elastic-Plastic 8 Node Thick Shell

DENSITY, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, E, v, TRANSsh Strain rate Model (no

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1168 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1-MAUX6 (None, Exx, Eyy, Exy, Eyz, Ezx, Ezz) TYPE 62

Elastic-Plastic for 8-Node Thick Shell Elements with Total Lagrangian Formulation

NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, E, Yield, v, IFLAW, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, RELIM, Sigi, Sigl, dl, Sigu, du, Epmax, StrLmt, DampRatio, DampFreq Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) MAUX1-MAUX6 (None, Exx, Eyy, Exy, Eyz, Ezx, Ezz, d, e, Sxx, Syy, Sxy, Syz, Szx, Szz)

TYPE 71

Elastic-Plastic with EWK Damage and Failure

DENSITY, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, G, Yield, Etan, K, Dc, Rc, Plim, Alpha, Beta, Epmax, Di, D1, d1, Du, du, DampRatio, DampFreq, Q1-Q3 MAUX1-MAUX5 (None, Pair, Ev, c, s, Ed)

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YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) TYPE 99

Null TYPEerial for Solid

DENSITY, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, E, v Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 100

Null TYPEerial

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 101

Elastic

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, v, MEMBRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, DampRatio, DampFreq Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 102

Altair Engineering

Elastic Plastic

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1170 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, MEMBRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, EpMAX, REL_THIN, REL_THIC, DampRatio, DampFreq, EPMX, GRUC_VAL Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) GRUC Option (EPMX, THIC, NONE) TYPE 103

Elastic Plastic

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, MEMBRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, EpMAX, REL_THIN, REL_THIC, DampRatio, DampFreq, EPMX, GRUC_VAL Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve,

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Curve, POWER, KRUPK) GRUC Option ( EPMX, THIC, NONE) TYPE 105

Elastic Plastic with Isotropic Damage

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, MEMBRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, REL_THIN, Ei, E1, d1, Eu, du, EpMAX, EESL, DampRatio, DampFreq, EPMX, GRUC_VAL, REL_THIC Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) GRUC Option (EPMX, DMG, THIC, NONE)

TYPE 106

Altair Engineering

Elastic Plastic with Anisotropic Damage

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, MEMBRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, REL_THIN, Ei, E1, d1, Eu, du, EpMAX, EESL, DampRatio, DampFreq, DMG,

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REL_THIC Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) GRUC Option (EPMX, DMG, THIC, NONE) TYPE 107

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 108

Anisotropic Elastic Plastic

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, MEMBRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, EpMAX, REL_THIN, DampRatio, DampFreq, LANK, G, F, N, EPMX, GRUC_VAL, REL_THIC Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted,

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KrupKowsky) YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) Orthotropic elasticity (Initial isotropic Young's modules, orthotropic stiffness derived from orthotropic plasticity law, orthotropic stiffness coefficients are provided) GRUC Option (EPMX, THIC, NONE) TYPE 109

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE

TYPE 109 data will not be exported (not valid for PAM 2006 and aove)

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) TYPE 110

Super Elastic

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, Ea, Em, nu, Hgm, Hgw, Hgq, As, Beta, Alpha, CURVE, LC1, LC2, Dr, F0 Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 115

Altair Engineering

Elastic Plastic with Gurson

S, density, NINT,

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Damage

ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, REL_THIN, RELIM, q1, q2, fi, fc, DampRatio, DampFreq, fn, Sn, En, Tn, EPMX, GRUC_VAL, REL_THIC Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) GRUC Option (EPMX, DMG, THIC, NONE)

TYPE 116

Elastic Plastic with Isotropic Damage

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, RELIM, Sigi, Sigl, dl, Sigu, du, Epmax, StrLmt, DampRatio, DampFreq, DMG, REL_THIC, E, Yield, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, Ei, El, Dl, Eu, Du Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, Johnson-

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Cook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) GRUC Option (EPMX, DMG, THIC, NONE) YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) TYPE 117

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE

Type 117 data will not be exported (not valid for Pam 2006 and above)

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) TYPE 118

Anisotropic Elastic Plastic

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, Ft, RELIM, DampRatio, DampFreq, LANK, G, F, N, EPMX, GRUC_VAL, q1, q2, fi, fc, fn, Sn, En, Tn Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

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YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) GRUC Option (EPMX, DMG, THIC, NONE) TYPE 121

CRASH/FORMING, Non-linear S, density, NINT, Visco Elastic ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, v, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, CONST, k, m, h1, h2, w, tfil, Eref, EpMAX, REL_THIN, EppMAX, REL_THIC Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) G Sell model (CONST, CURVE)

TYPE 126

Glass

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, v, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, sigmaC, Tf, DampRatio, DampFreq Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 128

Anisotropic Elastic Plastic

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ,

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QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, YieldStress, v, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, RELIM, Lc, NFIL, DEPS, DampRatio, DampFreq, G, F, N, m, Eos, ns, ms, Eod, nd, md, Er, r0, r45, r90, KH1, KH2, KH3, d, FLDS1FLDS4, FLDD1FLDD4, DFS1-DFS3, DFD1-DFD3, DFA1DFA2, SFS1-SFS3, SFD1-SFD3, SFK Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) YieldStress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK, KINEM) Yield Criterion (Hill 1948, Hill 1990, Barlat 1991) TYPE 130

Multilayered Shell Elements

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, DampRatio, DampFreq, NOPLY, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, NMIN, DMG, GRUC_VAL, IFAIL, ERATIO, Ply#, Aux1-Aux48

To specify a ply database, a material collector with the PLY_DATA card image must exist in the database. Ply auxiliary variables default to blank and can be overridden.

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, Cowper-

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Symonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) GRUC Option (DMG, THIC, NONE) TYPE 131

Multilayered Shell Elements

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, DampRatio, DampFreq, NOPLY, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, NMIN, DMG, GRUC_VAL, IFAIL, ERATIO, Ply#, Aux1-Aux48

To specify a ply database, a material collector with the PLY_DATA card image must exist in the database. Ply auxiliary variables default to blank and can be overridden.

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) GRUC Option (DMG, THIC, NONE) TYPE 132

Multilayered Shell Elements

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, DampRatio, DampFreq, NOPLY, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, NMIN, DMG, GRUC_VAL, IFAIL, ERATIO, Ply#, Aux1-Aux48

To specify a ply database, a material collector with the PLY_DATA card image must exist in the database. Ply auxiliary variables default to blank and can be overridden.

Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) GRUC Option (DMG,

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THIC, NONE) TYPE 143

Elastic-Plastic with Elastic Stiffening

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, v, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, LC1-LC8, Erate1-Erate8, EtMAX, RELIM, LC2, DampRatio, DampFreq, EPMX, GRUC_VAL Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Flag for unidirectional failure (possible in both local directions, not active; failure possible only in element local Xdirection; failure possible only in element local Ydirection) GRUC Option (EPMX, DMG, THIC, NONE)

TYPE 150

Layered TYPEerials for Membrane Elements

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, v, EcLIM, AREDUC, u, Edamp, IFLA90, E1, G1, Wrink1, E2, G2, Wrink2, MATLAW, LCLEAK Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, Johnson-

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Cook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) TYPE 151

Fabric Membrane Elements with Non Linear Fibre

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, Edamp, AREDUC, G0h, PSI_lock, G1h, LCLOD1, H1, D1, eps_10, LCLOD2, H2, D2, eps_20, LCLEAK, LCSTRS, LCRAT1, LCRAT2, eps_i, eps_u, k0 Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Effects of temperature THETA (not active, curve direction) Hysteresis model flag (exponenetial unloading Model A, unloading via slope to a curve Model B)

TYPE 161

Elastic for 4-Node Thick Shell

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, v, TRANSsh, PlStrFlg, DampRatio, DampFreq Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

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TYPE 162

Elastic Plastic with 4-Node Thick Shell

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, IFLAW, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, RELIM, Sigi, Sigl, dl, Sigu, du, Epmax, StrLmt, DampRatio, DampFreq, DMG Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Yield Stress (Yield Stress, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) GRUC Option (EPMX, DMG, THIC, NONE)

TYPE 171

Elastic Plastic with EWK Damage

S, density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, ITHDSNUM, TITLE, E, Yield, v, MEMRhrC, PLANEhrC, ROThrC, TRANSsh, E1-E7, Sig1-Sig7, Di, D1, di, Du, du, DampRatio, DampFreq, tf/t, Dc, Rc, Plim, Apha, Beta Strain rate Model (no strain rate, CowperSymonds, JohnsonCook, ModifiedJones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Yield Stress (Yield Stress, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) EWK Option (Critical

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Damage, Parameter Identifier Activation) GRUC Option (EPMX, DMG, THIC, NONE) TYPE 200

Null TYPERerial

density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, E Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 201

Elastic

density, NINT, ISHG, Card fields vary depending IFROZ, QVISC, upon the element type THERDATASETNUM selected (beam or bar). , TITLE, E, Mdamp) Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Element Type (Bar, Beam)

TYPE 202

Elastic-Plastic

density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, E, Yield, Et, Mdamp, EpMAX)

Card fields vary depending upon the element type selected. Post-Yield behavior - defined by Yield Stress list box.

Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Yield Stress (Yield

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Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) TYPE 203

Nonlinear for BAR

density, NINT, ISHG, Number of editable fields IFROZ, QVISC, depends on NLOAD, THERDATASETNUM NUNLD, and NRELD. , TITLE, Eo, Celim, Telim, Telas, Celas, NMAIN, NUNLD, NRELD) d1 - d8 MAIN f1 - f8 MAIN Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 204

Nonlinear for BAR/DASHPOT

density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, NLOAD, Lmult, NUNLD, Umult, NDAMP, Dmult, NMULT, k, c, dinit, m, ko, Ft, Fc, Telim, Celim)

Force-deflection curve specification requires existence of curves in the database.

Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Hysteresis Model Flag (Model A, B, or C) TYPE 205

Altair Engineering

Nonlinear Tension Only Bar

density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, NLOAD, H, D, kP, DampRatio,

NLOAD can be set to 0 or to a curve (right-click field label to reset NLOAD curve selection). Other fields for material type 205

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1184 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Eo, Mu, E1, Eu) Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

depend on the value of NLOAD.

Hysteresis Model Flag for unloading/ reloading (Model A, B, or C) TYPE 212

Elastic-Plastic for Beam Elements

density, NINT, ISHG, Post-Yield behavior IFROZ, QVISC, defined by Yield Stress THERDATASETNUM list box. , TITLE, E, v, Yield, Et, Mdamp, Bdamp, Tdamp, EpMAX, IFLAG Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Yield Stress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK)

TYPE 213

Elastic-Plastic for Beam Elements

density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, E, v, Yield, Et, SF, Mdamp, Bdamp, Tdamp, EpMAX, IFLAG

Post-Yield behavior defined by Yield Stress list box. Specification of the cross section description through the list box affects the layout of cards 8 through NIPS 8.

Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted,

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KrupKowsky) Yield Stress (Yield Stress, Point Curve, Curve, POWER, KRUPK) TYPE 214

Global Beam Column

density, NINT, ISHG, Curves must exist in the IFROZ, QVISC, model before specifying THERDATASETNUM curve fields. , TITLE, E, v, LCMS, LCMScale, LCMT, LCMTscale, Mdamp, Bdamp, Tdamp, LC1-LC8, M1-M8 Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 220

Altair Engineering

Nonlinear 6-DOF Spring/ Dashpot

density, NINT, ISHG, Curves must exist in the IFROZ, QVISC, model before specifying THERDATASETNUM curve fields. , TITLE, NLOADR, FLTR, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, WALLOW, WALUPP, NCDOF, WDAMP, NUNLDR, FTUR, Mr, NDAMPR, FTDR, Kro, Frelas, NLOADS, NUNLDS, FTUS, Ms, NDAMPS, FTDS, Kso, Fselas, NLOADT, FTLT, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, WALLOW, WALUPP, NCDOF, WDAMP, NUNLDT, FTUT, Mt, NDAMPT, FTDT, Kto, Ftelas, MLOADR, FMLR,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1186 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

RUPLOW, RUPUPP, WALLOW, WALUPP, NCDOF, WDAMP, MUNLDR, FMUR, lR, MDAMPR, FMDR, Kmro, Mrelas, MLOADS, FMLS, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, WALLOW, WALUPP, NCDOF, WDAMP, MUNLDS, FMUS, ls, MDAMPS, FMDS, Kmso, Mselas, MLOADT, FMLT, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, WALLOW, WALUPP, NCDOF, WDAMP, MUNLDT, FMUT, lt, MDAMPT, FMDT, Kmto, Mtelas Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Hysteresis Model Flag in r-direction (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag in s-direction (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag in t-direction (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag in th1-direction (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model

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Flag in th2-direction (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag in th3-direction (Model A, B, C) TYPE 221

Spherical Joint Elements

density, NINT, ISHG, Curves must exist in the IFROZ, QVISC, model before specifying THERDATASETNUM curve fields. , TITLE, MLOADR, FMLR, MUNLDR, FMUR, Cr, Mrelas, MLOADS, FMLS, MUNLDS, FMUS, Cs, Mselas, MLOADT, FMLT, MUNLDT, FMUT, Ct, Mtelas, MuR, MuS, MuT, Winit, Wfin, Ktrans, dtrans, ctrans Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Hysteresis Model Flag for rotation about r-axis (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag for rotation about s-axis (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag for rotation about t-axis (Model A, B, C)

TYPE 222

Altair Engineering

Flexion Torsion Joint Elements density, NINT, ISHG, Curves must exist in the IFROZ, QVISC, model before specifying THERDATASETNUM curve fields. , TITLE, MLOADU,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1188 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

FMLU, MUNLDU, FMUU, Cu, Muelas, MDIR, FDIR, MLOADT, FMLT, MUNLDT, FMUT, Ct, Mtelas, MuA, MuB, Winit, Wfin, Ktrans, dtrans, ctrans Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Hysteresis Model Flag for rotation about u-axis (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag for rotation about t-axis (Model A, B, C) TYPE 223

Nonlinear 6-DOF Spring-Beam Elements

density, NINT, ISHG, Curves must exist in the IFROZ, QVISC, model before specifying THERDATASETNUM curve fields. , TITLE, NLOADR, FTLR, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, NMFRDT, delRinit, INDOF, IDRUP, NUNLDR, FTUR, Mr, NDAMPR, FTDR, SLOPER, delRelas, NLOADS, FTLS, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, NMFSDT, delSinit, ILENGTH, NUNLDS, FTUS, Ms, NDAMPS, FTDS, SLOPES, delSelas, NLOADT, FTLT, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, NMFTDT, delTinit, NUNLDT, FTUT, Mt, NDAMPT,

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FTDT, SLOPET, delTelas, MLOADR, FMLR, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, NMMRDT, thetaRinit, MUNLDR, FMUR, lr, MDAMPR, FMDR, SLOPER, delRelas, MLOADS, FMLS, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, NMMSDT, thetaSinit, MUNLDS, FMUS, ls, MDAMPS, FMDS, SLOPES, delSelas, MLOADT, FMLT, RUPLOW, RUPUPP, NMMTDT, thetaTinit, MUNLDT, FMUT, MDAMPT, FMDT, SLOPET, delTelas Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Hysteresis Model Flag in r-direction (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag in s-direction (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag in t-direction (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag in th1-direction (Model A, B, C) Hysteresis Model Flag in th2-direction (Model A, B, C)

Altair Engineering

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Hysteresis Model Flag in th3-direction (Model A, B, C) TYPE 224

6-DOF Penalty Spring Beam Elements

density, NINT, ISHG, 6-DOF penalty spring IFROZ, QVISC, beam elements THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, SLFACMT, SLFACMR, SDMP1, XMASS, INERTIA, INDOF, IDRUPT, IFLGP Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

TYPE 230

KineTYPEic Joint Elements

density, NINT, ISHG, Curves must exist in the IFROZ, QVISC, model before specifying THERDATASETNUM curve fields. , TITLE, NLOADR1, muR1, vinit, vfinal, NUNLDR1, SLOPER1, NDAMPR1, delR1elas, NLOADS1, muS1, vinit, vfinal, NUNLDS1, SLOPES1, NDAMPS1, delS1elas, NLOADT1, muT1, vinit, vfinal, NUNLDT1, SLOPET1, NDAMPT1, delT1elas, MLOAD1, muTH1, ominit, omfinal, MUNLD1, SLOPE1, MDAMP1, TH1elas, MLOAD2, muTH2, ominit, omfinal, MUNLD2, SLOPE2, MDAMP2,

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TH2elas, MLOAD3, muTH3, ominit, omfinal, MUNLD3, SLOPE3, MDAMP3, TH3elas Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Hysteresis Model Flag in r1-direction (Model A, B) Hysteresis Model Flag in s1-direction (Model A, B) Hysteresis Model Flag in t1-direction (Model A, B) Hysteresis Model Flag in th1-direction (Model A, B) Hysteresis Model Flag in th2-direction (Model A, B) Hysteresis Model Flag in th3-direction (Model A, B) TYPE 301

SLINK, ELINK elements or TIED interface.

density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, SDMP1, SLFACM, FSVNL, DELTNL, IDEABEN, SDMPR, IDRUP, NTU, DSTART, DRELEA, RFAC Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook,

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1192 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Flag for releasing rotational degrees of freedom (tying all 6 degrees of freedom, rotational degrees of freedom are not tied) Flag for tensile force orientation used in the rupture model (based on the slave position, based on the master segment normal) TYPE 302

PLINK elements.

density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, SLFACM, FSVNL, DELTNL, STNOR, STTAN, IFLAGC, TOLCOR, IDRUP Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Flag for releasing rotational degrees of freedom (tying all 6 degrees of freedom, rotational degrees of freedom are not tied)

TYPE 303

LLINK elements

density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, SDMP1, SLFACM, IDEABEN, IDMOD, hcont, E0, G0, D, P, NFILT,

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sPropage, yPropage, gM1, gM2, sStart, yStart, NCYCLE, GCONT Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Flag for releasing rotational degrees of freedom (tying all 6 degrees of freedom, rotational degrees of freedom are not tied) TYPE 304

TIED Interfaces

density, NINT, ISHG, IFROZ, QVISC, THERDATASETNUM , TITLE, SDMP1, hcont, D, p, NFILT, IDEABEN, EC_NN, CELC_NN, ET_NN, CELT_NN, G_NT, CEL_NT, G_NU, CEL_NU, LKC_N, INC_N, INC_NT, INC_NU, LKT_N, INT_N, INT_NT, INT_NU, LK_NT, ITN_N, ITN_NT, ITN_NU, LK_NU, INU_N, INU_NT, INU_NU Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky)

PLYDATA

Altair Engineering

Only TSAI-WU failure criterion supported

DENSITY, TITLE, E11, E22, E33, G12, G23, G13, v12, v23,

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1194 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

v13, Emtsi, Emts1, Emtsu, Dmts1, Dmtsu, Emtvi, Emtv1, Emtvu, Dmtv1, Dmtvu, Eft, AlphaF, Efti, Eft1, Eftu, Dft1, Dftu, E11, E22, E33, G12, G23, G13, v12, v23, v13, Emcsi, Emcs1, Emcsu, Dmcs1, Dmcsu, Emcvi, Emcv1, Emcvu, Dmcs1, Dmcsu, Efc, AlphaF, Efci, Efc1, Efcu, Dfc1, Dfcu Ply model (0: Unidirectional composite bi-phase, 1: Unidirectional composite global, 2: Isotropic elasticplastic damaging, 3: Anisotropic elasticplastic, 4: Anisotropic elasticplastic Hill 1990, 5: Hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin, 6: Fabric composite biphase, 7: Fabric composite global Ply failure criteria ( None, Activates ply failure criterion on IBEG card) Strain rate Model (No strain rate, Cowper-Symonds, Johnson-Cook, Modified-Jones, Left Shifted, KrupKowsky) Type of ply failure model on IBEG card (Tsai Wu, Equivalent

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shear strain, Hoffmann, Tsai Hill, Modified Puck, Maximum stress, Maximum Strain, 3invariants, User defined, Equivalent shear stress)

PERMAS

The following material data blocks are supported in the PERMAS interface: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

$COMPRESS

Fluid Compressibility

Compressibility

$CONDUCTIVITY

Heat conductivity

PLANE

Notes

BEAM INPUT={TABLE/ DATA} DEP=TEMP $DAMPING

Structural damping

INPUT={TABLE/ DATA}

$DENSITY

Material density

$DIELECTRIC

Definition of dielectricity.

Coefficient

$ELASTIC

Linear elastic material data

Material Property Type (General, Shell, Plane, Beam, Core) INPUT={TABLE/ DATA}

$ELCONDUCT

Definition of electric conductivity.

Coefficient

$ENTER MATERIAL Material input bracket header line

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$FLDENS

Definition of fluid material density.

$FLUID

Opens the bracket for definition of a fluid material

$GASKET

Definition of material for gaskets

$GSKLOAD

Definition of the loading behavior for gasket material.

Temperature (Off/On)

Definition of the unloading behavior for gasket material.

Temperature (Off/On)

$HARDENING

Hardening

INPUT={TABLE/ DATA}

$HEATCAP

Heat capacity

INPUT={TABLE/ DATA}

$MATERIAL

Definition of homogenous material

TYPE=ISO

$PERMEABILITY

Definition of magnetic permeability.

Coefficient

$PLASTIC

Plasticity data

PLANE

$GSKUNLOAD

Density

GSKLOADFIELDS

GSKUNLOADFIELD S

INPUT={TABLE/ DATA} $SURFABS

Definition of absorption at the boundary surface of a fluid.

INPUT={TABLE/ DATA}

$THERMEXP

Thermal expansion coefficients PLANE BEAM INPUT={TABLE/ DATA}

$VOLDRAG

Definition of volumetric drag of a fluid.

INPUT={TABLE/ DATA}

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$YIELD

Yield limit

PLANE Criterion =VMISES/ TRESCA/DPAS/ MCAS/ DPNA/ MCNA/PMVMISES/ CASTIRON INPUT={TABLE/ DATA}

Samcef

The following material data blocks are supported in the Samcef interface: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

.MAT, ANISOTROPIC

Define the properties of one or several materials

BEHA ELASTIC

Notes

YT H1111 H2211-H2222 H3311-H3333 H1211-H1212 H2311-H2323 H3111-H3123 AL1-AL3 M TREF Selection of strain/ stress measurement (KIRC, BIOT, CAUC)

.MAT, ISOTROPIC

Define the properties of one or several materials

BEHA, ELASTIC E, NU, A, M MODULUS (YOUNGS MODULAS, BULK MODULUS) Selection of strain/ stress measurement (KIRC, BIOT, CAUC)

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TREF .MAT, ORTHOTROPIC

Define the properties of one or several materials

BEHA ELASTIC E1-E3, G12, G23, G13, AL1-AL3, M Selection of strain/ stress measurement (KIRC, BIOT, CAUC)

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Components Properties Element Property and Material Assignment Rules Model Setup

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Laminates Laminate entities are used to define laminates, which make up a laminated structure by defining the stacking sequence of ply entities that make up the laminated structure. There are three types of laminates which can be defined: ply laminates, sublaminates, and interface laminates. Ply laminates are used to define laminates which make up flat or slightly curved laminated structures. Ply laminates stack ply entities. The stack direction for the plies of a ply laminate is in the direction of the element's normal.

Sublaminates are very similar to ply laminates in that they also stack ply entities. However, they define only a portion of a laminate rather than a complete laminate structure. The stack direction for the plies of a sublaminate is defined by an interface definition within an associated interface laminate. However, the ply order defined within a sublaminate must remain in the defined order. An interface definition of an interface laminate defines which ply of the sublaminate is on “top” and which is on the “bottom” relative to the elements normal.

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Interface laminates are used to define laminates which make up complex laminated structures that “wrap around” corners. Interface laminates stack sublaminates. The stack direction for the sublaminates of an interface laminate is in the direction of the element's normal. The exact stacking sequence of the plies of the sublaminates is defined by the interface definitions within an interface laminate. An interface definition defines which “surface” plies of two sublaminates touch, or interface, with each other. Each sublaminate stacked within an interface laminate must have at least one interface definition.

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Laminates have an active and export state. The active and export states of laminate entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The active state of a laminate controls the listing of the laminate in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a laminate entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a laminate entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a laminate entity controls whether or not that laminate is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a laminate. The data names associated with laminates can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

Solver Card Support for Laminates RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

RADIOSS (bulk data format) STACK card is represented in HyperMesh as a laminate entity. Laminate entities are created and edited using the laminate create and edit dialogs from the Model Browser. Laminates control the stacking sequence of a set of defined plies.

Supported Card

Solver Description

STACK

Defines the stacking information

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Supported Parameters

Notes

Can only be created

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and stacking sequence for plybased composite definition.

and edited in the Laminate Editor from the Model Browser.

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces

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Output Blocks Output block entities are used to define and store solver output requests. Output blocks are shown under the OutputBlock folder within the Model Browser. Output blocks do not have a display state. Output blocks have an active and export state. The active state of a output block controls the listing of the output block in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a output block entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a output block entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a output block entity controls whether or not that set is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a output block. The active and export states of output block entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with output blocks can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit output blocks: Output Block

Solver Card Support for Output Blocks RADIOSS (Block Format)

The supported RADIOSS cards in RADIOSS 100 are listed below. You can quickly create these cards by right-clicking in the Solver Browser and selecting Create Cards.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

/TH/ACCEL/

Describes the time history Accelerometer

NUM_VARIABLES

Options to assign ATH... ITH

Var Keyword (ACCEL, SECTIO) RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG

/TH/BEAM/

Describes the time history Beams

Options to assign ATH... ITH

/TH/BRIC/

Describes the time history Solids

Options to assign ATH... ITH

/TH/CYL_JO/

Describes the time history Cylindrical joints

Options to assign ATH... ITH

/TH/FRAME/

Describes the time history Frame

NUM_VARIABLES Var

Options to assign ATH... ITH

RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG /TH/INTER/

Describes the time history Interface

NUM_VARIABLES Var

Options to assign ATH... ITH

Keyword (INTER, RWALL) RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG /TH/MONV/

Describes the time history Monitored volume and Airbag

NUM_VARIABLES Var

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Options to assign ATH... ITH

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RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG /TH/NODE/

Describes the time history Nodes

NUM_VARIABLES lskew

Options to assign ATH... ITH

NODname RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG /TH/QUAD/

Describes the time history 2D quads

/TH/PART/

Describes the time history Parts

Options to assign ATH... ITH NUM_VARIABLES lskew

Options to assign ATH... ITH

Var RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG /TH/RBODY/

Describes the time history Rigid body

/TH/RWALL/

Describes the time history Rigid wall

Options to assign ATH... ITH NUM_VARIABLES Var

Options to assign ATH... ITH

Keyword (INTER, RWALL) RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG /TH/SECTIO/

Describes the time history Section

NUM_VARIABLES Var

Options to assign ATH... ITH

Keyword (ACCEL, SECTIO) RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG /TH/SH3N/

Describes the time history - 3 node shells

/TH/SHEL/

Describes the time history - 4 node shells

Options to assign ATH... ITH NUM_VARIABLES Var

Options to assign ATH... ITH

ElName RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG

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/TH/SPHCEL/

Describes the SPH cell output to time history.

Options to assign ATH... ITH

/TH/SPRING/

Describes the time history Springs

Options to assign ATH... ITH

/TH/SUBS/

Describes the time history Subsets

NUM_VARIABLES Var

Options to assign ATH... ITH

RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG /TH/TRUSS/

Describes the time history Trusses

Options to assign ATH... ITH

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Entry, OptiStruct)

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

DEF

XHIST

ACCE VR AR XYZ

Abaqus

An output block is a repository for output requests. Output blocks are added to load steps (*STEP) from the Load Steps panel. Output requests organized into the output blocks are written out within the corresponding step definition in the Abaqus input deck. It is recommended that all output requests be defined from the Step Manager in the Abaqus user profile.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*CONTACT FILE

Define results file requests for contact variables

NSET

Notes

FREQUENCY MASTER SLAVE

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*CONTACT OUTPUT

Specify contact variables to be NSET written to the output database MASTER SLAVE VARIABLE = {ALL, PRESELECT} CPSET GENERAL CONTACT

*CONTACT PRINT

*EL FILE

Define print requests for contact variables

NSET

Define results file requests for element variables

ELSET

FREQUENCY

FREQUENCY POSITION = {NODES, AVERAGED AT NODES, CENTROIDAL, INTEGRATION POINTS} DIRECTIONS LAST MODE MODE REBAR

*EL PRINT

Define data file requests for element variables

ELSET FREQUENCY POSITION = {NODES, AVERAGED AT NODES, CENTROIDAL, INTEGRATION POINTS} SUMMARY TOTALS LAST MODE MODE

*ELEMENT OUTPUT

Define output database requests for element variables

DIRECTION ELSET POSITION =

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{NODES, CENTROIDAL, INTEGRATION POINTS} VARIABLE = {ALL, PRESELECT} *ENERGY FILE

Write energy output to the results file

ELSET FREQUENCY

*ENERGY OUTPUT Define output database requests for whole model or element set energy data

ELSET

*ENERGY PRINT

NSET

Print a summary of the total energies

VARIABLE = {ALL, PRESELECT}

FREQUENCY MASTER SLAVE SUMMARY TOTAL

*INCREMENTATION Define output database OUTPUT requests for time incrementation data

VARIABLE = {ALL/ PRESELECT}

Explicit template only. History data. Only for *OUTPUT, HISTORY.

*INTEGRATED OUTPUT

Specify variables integrated over a surface to be written to the output database

SECTION

Only for *OUTPUT, HISTORY

*MODAL OUTPUT

Write generalized coordinate (modal amplitude) data to the output database during a mode-based dynamic or complex eigenvalue extraction procedure

VARIABLE = ALL

*NODE FILE

Define results file requests for nodal data

NSET

SURFACE VARIABLE = {ALL, PRESELECT}

Standard 2D and 3D templates only. History data. Only for *OUTPUT, HISTORY.

FREQUENCY GLOBAL LAST MODE MODE

*NODE OUTPUT

Define output database

NSET

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requests for nodal data

GLOBAL VARIABLE = {ALL, PRESELECT}

*NODE PRINT

Define print requests for nodal variables

NSET FREQUENCY GLOBAL LAST MODE MODE SUMMARY TOTALS

*OUTPUT

Define output requests to the output database

FIELD HISTORY OP VARIABLE FREQUENCY TIME MARKS TIME INTERVAL NUMBER INTERVAL MODE LIST FILTER NAME

Note:

Output blocks must be added to the corresponding load steps for them to be written out to the Abaqus deck. All types of output requests in an output block are defined from the card image. The edit button in the panel displays the card image of the currently loaded output block. The entity selector buttons available in the Output Block panel are not useful for Abaqus. They should be ignored.

LS-DYNA

Data on LS-DYNA output blocks cannot be edited. Supported Card

Solver Description

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ BEAM(ID)

Describe time history for beam elements.

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Supported Parameters

Notes

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*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ BEAM_SET

Describe time history for beam element sets.

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ DISCRETE *DATABASE_HIST ORY_ DISCRETE_SET *DATABASE_HIST ORY_ NODE(ID)

Describe time history for nodes.

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ NODE_LOCAL(ID)

Describe time history for nodes.

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ NODE_SET

Describe time history for node sets.

LocalOption ID

LocalOption

*DATABASE_HIST Describe time history for node ORY_ sets. NODE_SET_LOCAL

CID

*DATABASE_HIST Describe time history for node ORY_ sets. NODE_SET_LOCAL (ID)

n/a

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ SEATBELT

Define time history on seat belt element.

ID

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ SHELL

Describe time history for shell elements.

n/a

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ SHELL(ID)

Describe time history for shell elements.

ID

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_

Describe time history for shell element sets.

REF

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SHELL_SET *DATABASE_HIST ORY_ SOLID

Describe time history for solid elements.

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ SOLID(ID)

Describe time history for solid elements.

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ SOLID_SET

Describe time history for solid element sets.

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ SPH

Describe time history for SPH elements.

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ TSHELL

Describe time history for TSHELL elements.

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ TSHELL(ID)

Describe time history for TSHELL elements.

*DATABASE_HIST ORY_ TSHELL_SET

Describe time history for TSHELL element sets.

MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

INITIAL

Notes

Defined on the card of the parent system.

INJURY OUTPUT_AIRBAG_ CHAMBER

Airbag chamber output.

AIRBAG_CHAMBE R FE_MODEL NR_OF_AIRBAG_C

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HAMBERS SELECT.HEAT SELECT.INFLOW SELECT. INFLOW_PART SELECT.MASS SELECT. MASS_FLOW_RAT E SELECT. MASS_INFLOW_R ATE_PART SELECT. MASS_OUTFLOW_ RATE_PART SELECT_MOLAR_ FRACTIONS SELECT. OUTFLOW SELECT. OUTFLOW_HOLE SELECT. OUTFLOW_PART SELECT. OUTFLOW_PERM SELECT.PRES SELECT.TEMP SELECT. TEMP_INFLOW_P ART SELECT. TEMP_OUTFLOW_ PART SELECT.VOLUME COMMENT OUTPUT_ANIMATIO Finite element output for N animation.

PART_LIST FE_MODEL SELECT.CONTACT SELECT.NODE SELECT.PRES

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SELECT.STRAIN SELECT.STRESS SELECT.THICK COMMENT AIRBAG_CHAMBE R_LIST

ANIMATION_GF

FE_MODEL NR_OF_AIRBAG_C HAMBERS SELECT.COVER SELECT.DENS SELECT.MASS SELECT.PRES SELECT.TEMP SELECT. VEL_VECTOR COMMENT OUTPUT_BELT

Belt output.

INPUT_CLASS (BELT_SEGMENT, BELT_TYING, BELT_RETRACTO R) INPUT_REF EXTENDED (OFF/ ON) FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) ASSEMBLY, COMMENT

OUTPUT_BODY

Angular or linear body related output.

SIGNAL_TYPE (ANG_VEL, ANG_ACC, LIN_DISP, LIN_POS, LIN_VEL, LIN_ACC) FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100)

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CRDSYS (REF_SPACE, OBJECT_1, OBJECT_2) CORRECT AX - AZ (OFF/ON) ASSEMBLY define CRDSYS_OBJECT _1.MB or select CRDSYS_OBJECT _1.REF? (OBJECT, REF) OUTPUT_BODY_R EL

Output of a motion quantity of a SIGNAL_TYPE (REL_DISP, point on a body relative to a REL_POS, point on another body. DIST_VEL) FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) define POINT_OBJECT_1. MB or select POINT_OBJECT_1. REF? (OBJECT, REF) COMMENT

OUTPUT_CONTACT Contact output.

EXTENDED (OFF/ ON) FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) ASSEMBLY COMMENT

OUTPUT_CONTROL Output of control system _ elements. SYSTEM

INPUT_CLASS (CONTROLLER, SIGNAL, OPERATOR) INPUT_REF FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180,

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CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) COMMENT OUTPUT_CROSS_ SECTION

Defines a plane for which cross POS (X, Y, Z) sectional forces and moments NORMAL_DIR (X, are outputted. Y, Z) EDGE_DIR (X, Y, Z) LENGTH_L , LENGTH_M, FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) FE_MODEL

OUTPUT_ELEMENT Element output.

INT_POINT_LIST FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) FE_MODEL NR_OF_INT_POINT S SELECT. PROPERTY SELECT. PRES_EXTERNAL SELECT.STRESS SELECT.STRAIN SELECT. STRESS_TRUSS2 SELECT. STRAIN_TRUSS2 SELECT. STRESS_BEAM2 SELECT. STRAIN_BEAM2 SELECT. STRESS_INTERFA CE SELECT. STRAIN_INTERFAC

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E COMMENT OUTPUT_ELEMENT Element output of initial state. _ INITIAL

SELECT_FRAME (OFF/ON) SELECT_LUMP (OFF/ON) FE_MODEL COMMENT

OUTPUT_ENERGY _FE_ MODEL

Energy output of the FE models or its parts.

FE_MODEL_LIST SUM_FE_MODEL (OFF/ON) ENERGY_ALL (OFF/ON) KINETIC (OFF/ON) DISSIPATION (OFF/ON) DISSIPATION_IMM (OFF/ON) DISSIPATION_MAT ERIAL (OFF/ON) DISSIPATION_PLA STIC (OFF/ON) DISSIPATION_RAY LEIGH (OFF/ON) INTERNAL (OFF/ ON) INTERNAL_PLASTI C (OFF/ON) INTERNAL_HOURG LASS (OFF/ON) INTERNAL_IMM (OFF/ON) EXTERNAL (OFF/ ON) EXTERNAL_CONT ACT (OFF/ON) EXTERNAL_FORC ES (OFF/ON) FE_PART (OFF/ ON)

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TOTAL (OFF/ON) BALANCE (OFF/ ON) MASS_SCALING (OFF/ON) FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) NR_OF_FE_MODE LS COMMENT OUTPUT_JET

Output of jet related properties.

JET_LIST FE_MODEL NR_OF_JETS SELECT. FORCE_RES COMMENT

OUTPUT_JOINT_ CONSTRAINT

Joint constraint force or torque output.

JOINT SIGNAL_TYPE (FORCE, TORQUE) FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) ASSEMBLY COMMENT

OUTPUT_JOINT_DO Joint position, velocity or F acceleration degrees of freedom (DOF) output.

JOINT SIGNAL_TYPE (POS, VEL, ACC) ASSEMBLY COMMENT

OUTPUT_MARKER

Marker output for animation.

ASSEMBLY define CRDSYS_OBJECT _1.MB or select CRDSYS_OBJECT _1.REF (OBJECT, REF)

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COMMENT OUTPUT_MOTION_ Data for creating a structural STRUCT motion output file.

MOTION_TYPE (DISP, VEL) FILE FE_MODEL COMMENT ASSEMBLY

OUTPUT_MUSCLE

COMMENT OUTPUT_NODE

Nodal output.

FE_MODEL SELECT.POS SELECT.DISP SELECT.ROT SELECT.VEL SELECT.ACC SELECT.FORCE SELECT. FORCE_INTERNAL SELECT. FORCE_EXTERNA L SELECT. FORCE_REAC SELECT. MOMENT_REAC COMMENT

OUTPUT_NODE_INI Nodal output of initial state. TIAL

SELECT_POS (OFF/ON) SELECT_VEL (OFF/ON) SELECT_ACC (OFF/ON) SELECT_MASS (OFF/ON) FE_MODEL COMMENT

OUTPUT_RESTRAI NT

Restraint output.

EXTENDED (OFF/ ON)

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FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) ASSEMBLY COMMENT OUTPUT_SENSOR

Sensor signal output.

SENSOR ASSEMBLY COMMENT FE_MODEL

OUTPUT.STRAP

SELECT. FORCES_RES SELECT.ELONG SELECT. PROPERTY COMMENT OUTPUT_SYSTEM_ Position, velocity and COG acceleration output of the combined center of gravity of the selected system(s).

WRITE_ALL WRITE_POS WRITE_VEL WRITE_ACC FILTER (NONE, CFC60, CFC180, CFC600, CFC1000, FIR100) ASSEMBLY COMMENT

SELECT

SURFACE.PLANE

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Defined on the card of the parent element. Rectangular plane

multibody = BODY To create a SURFACE under the SYSTEM. N1 = POINT_1 REF_SPACE, a reference N2 = POINT_2 to a null body must be N3 = POINT_3 selected because HyperMesh requires a reference to a multibody when creating a multibody plane. A null body can be created like any other BODY (card image is not

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relevant and should not be used), Nullbody should be put under the SYSTEM. REF_SPACE assembly.

PAM-CRASH 2G

Keyword selection for output blocks is supported as GES selection. The appropriate keyword is output when selecting elements for time-history output. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

PLANE SECFO /

Section definition for force output

Transmission forces are supported through the Interfaces panel. Slave nodes and master elements define the cross section. To define nonshell elements, create an entity set first. The master definition must be by sets.

SECTION SENPT /

Sensor point output definition

SENPTG /

Sensor point output definition

SUPPORT THELE /

Element time history

TITLE

THLOC /

Local frame definition for node output

IFRAM

Uses element output Definition Mode (Use block. EntityId List, Define Using General Entity Selection)

ICORR IDAFLD

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In card previewer, a toggle switches between THLNO and THLOC. Additional input fields are shown in

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TITLE

the card previewer for THLOC keyword.

GES Definition Mode (Use EntityId List, Define Using General Entity Selection) Coordinate System (Local System, Nodes N1 and N2) THNOD /

Nodal time history

TITLE

Uses output block including nodes.

GES Definition Mode (Use EntityId List, Define Using General Entity Selection) VOLFRAC

PERMAS

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

$FREQUENCY

Definition of frequency list for frequency response analysis.

PRIMARY={LIST/ EQUI/LOG/EIG/ FUNCTION}

The FREQUENCY option is available in the results bracket.

BOUNDS CLUSTER/GEOM DOFTYPE PRIMARY $NLRESULTS

Output request for nonlinear static analysis

STEPS={ALL/EQUI/ INTERVAL/PERIOD/ LIST} KIND={ABS/RATIO} DOFTYPE

$TIMESTEPS

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Specify specific time steps when results are written

KIND={ABS/RATIO} DOFTYPE

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See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Properties Element Property and Material Assignment Rules Model Setup

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Plots Plot entities are used to associate and organize curve entities within a xy plot window. Plots can be created from and are shown under the Plot folder within the Model Browser. Plots have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a xy plot window and all associated curve entities in the graphics area. The display state of a plot can be controlled using the icon next to the plot entity in the Model Browser. Plots also have an active and export state. The active state of a plot controls the display state of the plot and the listing of the plot and all associated curves in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a plot entity is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and the plot and its associated curves are listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a plot entity is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and the plot and its associated curves are not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a plot entity controls whether or not that plot and all associated curve entities are exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a plot. The active and export states of plot entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with plots can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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The following panels can be used to edit plots: Plots Axis Scaling Axis Labels Grid Attribs Grid Labels Plot Titles Legend Border

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See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Curves Model Setup XY Plotting

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Plies Ply entities are used to define an FEA ply which is the FEA correlation to a physical ply. Physical plies are used to manufacture laminates which make up composite structures. A physical ply has attributes of material, shape (area), thickness, and fiber orientation; where its shape is any complex flat pattern that can be cut from a roll of material. Similarly, an FEA ply is composed of the same data attributes as a physical ply (material, shape/area, thickness, and fiber orientation) except that its shape can only be approximated from the elements which most closely represent its actual complex shape. The data attributes of an FEA ply are defined in the figures below. The shape (area) of an FEA ply is defined by selecting elements which most closely represent the complex shape of a physical ply. In the example below, an elliptical physical ply shape is defined by the brown line. The corresponding FEA ply shape is defined by the gray shaded elements of the associated FEA mesh. Typically, if an element's centroid exists within the bounds of the physical ply shape, that element is considered part of the FEA ply shape.

The ply thickness is typically defined as the final cured thickness of a single ply of material as shown below. In addition, the ply can be made of any material: isotropic, orthotropic, anisotropic, or any other material law.

The fiber orientation of a ply defines the direction fibers lay within that ply. The ply fiber orientation is

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typically an integer value between -90 and 90. The fiber orientation of a ply is always defined relative to each elements material direction using right hand rule around the elements normal, or thru-thickness direction, to define positive angles. Even though a ply's fiber orientation is a constant integer, element material directions can vary from element to element, and this allows varying fiber directions within a ply to be modeled. Element material directions are defined differently from solver to solver, and can be defined in the HyperMesh Composites panel.

Once all the plies which make up a composite structure are defined, just as in the actual hand-layup manufacturing process, plies are stacked in a specific given order within the laminate entity to define a laminate of the structure. Plies have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a ply in the graphics area. The display state of a ply can be controlled using the icon next to the ply entity in the Model Browser. In addition, in order for plies to be displayed on the screen, the composite layers visualization mode must be turned on. The composite layers visualization mode displays the layers within every element which have proper laminate definitions and composite properties assigned. Plies can be displayed in a traditional shell representation or in a 3D representation by turning on the appropriate element representation visualization mode. Both the element representation and composite layers visualization modes can be set on the visualization toolbar.

Plies also have an active and export state. These states of a ply entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser The active state of a ply controls the listing of the ply in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a ply entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a ply entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a ply entity controls whether or not that ply is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a ply. The data names associated with plies can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for Plies RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

The RADIOSS (bulk data format) PLY card is represented in HyperMesh as a ply entity. Ply entities are created and edited using the ply create and edit dialogs from the Model Browser. Plies can be created from selection of individual elements or from predefined element sets which define the ply shape. Supported Card

Solver Description

PLY

Defines the properties of a ply used in ply-based composite definition.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Can only be created and edited in the Ply Editor from the Model Browser.

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces

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Properties Property entities are used to define and store 1D, 2D, and 3D property definitions for a model. Properties are created, edited, deleted, and shown under the Property folder within the Model Browser. Properties also have a property view within the Model Browser. Properties do not have a display state, but they do have a "by property" visualization color mode which colors the model according to the colors assigned to each property based on element property relationships. The "by property" visualization color mode is automatically set when you enter the property view within the Model Browser. In addition, you can manually set the "by property" visualization color mode using the element color mode icon on the visualization toolbar. Element property relationships are user profile (solver interface) dependent and are described in the section Element Property and Material Assignment Rules. In general, when a component is assigned a property, that property assignment is applied to all elements collected by that component. The method of assigning properties at the component level is therefore referred to as indirect property assignment. Direct property assignment is performed directly on the elements themselves. Direct property assignments always take precedence over indirect property assignments.

Properties have an active and export state. The active state of a property controls the listing of the property in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a property entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a property entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a property entity controls whether or not that property is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a property. The active and export states of property entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with properties can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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Solver Card Support for Properties RADIOSS (Block Format)

RADIOSS (Block Format) has many properties and most of them are supported. In addition RADIOSS allows you to program your own properties (mostly for springs) that can be used in a simulation. In order to handle the unsupported and user defined RADIOSS properties, a separate card image called "PROP_UNSUPPORTED" has been introduced. Any unsupported property will be read with card image PROP_UNSUPPORTED with its ID and its

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associativity with component preserved. You can also create the property in HyperMesh as well. In this card image, all property sub-options, parameters, and data lines are supported as simple text. HyperMesh does not check the validity or syntax of any data in this mode. You must manually check the validity of the data. No editing, updating, or review of the property data is intended. Also time step calculation, mass calculation, penetration check are not available for the component that refers to this property. The property is displayed in the Model Browser, Solver Browser, and in the Component table. The supported RADIOSS D00 cards in RADIOSS (Block Format) 5.1 and 9.0 are listed below. You can quickly create these cards by right-clicking in the Solver Browser and selecting Create Cards. Supported Card

Solver Description

/ACCEL

Defines accelerometers.

/ADMESH/SET

Describes the adaptive meshing.

/FAIL

Describes the failure models.

/FAIL/CHANG

Describes the Chang failure model.

/FAIL/CONNECT

Failure for solid elements used to model welds.

/FAIL/ENERGY

Describes the specific energy failure model.

/FAIL/FLD

Describes the forming limit.

/FAIL/HASHIN

Describes the Hashin failure model.

/FAIL/JOHNSON

Describes the failure criteria by Johnson-Cook failure model.

/FAIL/LAD_DAMA

Describes the Ladeveze failure model

/FAIL/PUCK

Describes the Puck failure model

/FAIL/SPALLING

Describes the Spalling and Johnson-Cook failure model.

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Supported Parameters

Notes

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/FAIL/TBUTCHER

Describes the TulerTBUTCHER model.

/FAIL/TENSSTRAIN Describes the strain failure model. /FAIL/USER1, / FAIL/USER2 or / FAIL/USER3

Describes the user failure model.

/FAIL/WIERZBICKI

Describes the BAO-XUEWierzbicki failure model.

/FAIL/WILKINS

Describes the Wilkins failure model.

/FAIL/XFEM

Describes the XFEM (eXtended Finite Element Method) failure model.

/PROP

Describes the property sets.

/PROP/BEAM

Describes the beam property set.

/PROP/TYPE3 /PROP/CONNECT /PROP/TYPE43 /PROP/FLUID /PROP/TYPE14

Property for solid elements used to model welds.

Describes the general fluid property set.

/PROP/INJECT1

Describes mass injected for each constituent gas.

/PROP/INJECT2

Describes molar fraction injected for each constituent gas and total mass injected.

/PROP/INT_BEAM

Describes the integrated beam property set.

/PROP/TYPE18 /PROP/KJOINT /PROP/TYPE33

Describes the joint type spring.

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/PROP/PLY /PROP/TYPE19 /PROP/POROUS /PROP/TYPE15 /PROP/RIVET /PROP/TYPE5 /PROP/SHELL /PROP/TYPE1 /PROP/SH_COMP /PROP/TYPE10 /PROP/SH_FABR /PROP/TYPE16 /PROP/SH_ORTH /PROP/TYPE9 /PROP/SH_PLY

Defines the ply property set used in ply-based composite definition. Describes the porous solid element property set (extended Darcy's law). Describes the rivet property set.

Describes the shell property set.

RADIOSS_COMME NT_FLAG

Defines the composite shell property set.

Defines the anisotropic layered shell property set Defines the orthotropic shell property.

/PROP/TYPE19

This property set is used to define the ply property set used in ply-based composite definition.

/PROP/ SH_SANDW

Defines the sandwich shell property set.

/PROP/TYPE11 /PROP/SH_STACK /PROP/TYPE17 /PROP/SOLID /PROP/TYPE14 /PROP/SOL_ORTH /PROP/TYPE6

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This property set is used to define the sandwich shell property set. Defines the general solid property set.

Describes the orthotropic solid property set.

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/PROP/SPH

Describes SPH property set.

/PROP/SPRING

Defines the spring property set.

/PROP/TYPE4

/PROP/SPR_BEAM Describes the beam type spring property set. /PROP/TYPE13 /PROP/SPR_GENE Describes the general spring property set. /PROP/TYPE8 /PROP/SPR_PRE /PROP/TYPE32 /PROP/SPR_PUL /PROP/TYPE12 /PROP/TRUSS

Describes the pre-tension spring property set.

Describes the pulley spring property set.

Defines the truss property set.

/PROP/TYPE2 /PROP/TSHELL /PROP/TYPE20 /PROP/TSH_ORTH /PROP/TYPE21 /PROP/TYPE0

Defines the general thick shell property set.

Defines the orthotropic thick shell property set.

Defines the void property set.

/PROP/VOID /PROP/USER

User defined property

/THERM_STRESS/ MAT

Add thermal expansion property for RADIOSS material (shell and solid).

type = line

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

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The property data cards for RADIOSS (Bulk Data) can be created by loading and editing card images into property collectors. Properties can be assigned to components or elements.

Supported Card

Solver Description

PAABSF

Defines the properties of a frequency-dependent acoustic absorber element.

PACABS

Defines the properties of the acoustic absorber element.

PBAR

Defines the properties of a simple beam (bar), which is used to create bar elements via the CBAR entry.

Supported Parameters

Notes

CONT1 PBARX

PBARL

Defines the properties of a PBARX simple beam (bar) by crosssectional dimensions, which is used to create bar elements via the CBAR entry.

PBEAM

Defines the properties of a beam that is used to create beam elements via the CBEAM entry.

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

CONTINUATION LINE 2 CONTINUATION LINE 5

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

CONTINUATION LINE 6 PBEAMX PBEAML

Defines the properties of a PBEAMX beam element by crosssectional dimensions that are used to create beam elements via the CBEAM entry.

PBUSH

Defines the nominal property values for a generalized spring-and-damper structural element.

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

K_LINE B_LINE GE_LINE M_LINE PBUSHT

PBUSH1D

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Property with Springs_Gaps

SPRING_LINE

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ID pool. PCOMP

Defines the structure and properties of an n-ply composite laminate material.

Number_of_Plies

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

PCOMPG

Defines the structure and properties of an n-ply composite laminate, allowing for global ply identification.

Number_of_Plies

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

PCOMPP

Defines the properties of a composite laminate material used in ply-based composite definition.

PCONT

Defines properties of a contact interface.

PCONV

Defines a free convection boundary condition properties.

PDAMP

Specifies the damping of a scalar damper element using defined CDAMP1 or CDAMP3 entry.

PELAS

Used to define the stiffness and stress coefficient of a scalar elastic element (spring) by means of the CELAS1 or CELAS3 entry.

PGAP

Defines properties of the gap U0_opts (AUTO) (CGAP or CGAPG) elements. KA_opts (AUTO, SOFT, HARD)

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

PCONTX

KT_opts (AUTO) MU1_opts (STICK, FREEZE) CONT PMASS

Defines the mass value of a scalar mass element (CMASS1 or CMASS3 entry).

PROD

Defines the properties of a

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Exported in large field

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rod, which is referenced by the CROD entry. PSHEAR

Defines the properties of a shear panel.

PSHELL

Defines the membrane, bending, transverse shear, and membrane-bending coupling of shell elements.

format by optistructlf template.

MID2_opts MID3_opts CONT

Exported in large field format by optistructlf template.

PSHELLX PSOLID

Defines the properties of solid PSOLIDX elements. Referenced by CHEXA, CPENTA, CPYRA and CTETRA entries.

PTUBE

Defines the properties of a thin-walled cylindrical tube element. Referenced by the CTUBE entry.

PVISC

Defines properties of a onedimensional viscous damping element (CVISC entry).

PWELD

Defines properties of connector (CWELD) elements.

HM_ELAS

Defines properties for a HM_Spring element, as explained in Using HM_ELAS.

DOF GE S

Note: Only one property definition is allowed on each property collector. For definitions like PMASS, which allow more than one definition on the same card, this is separated on import into four different cards. 1-D elements can be organized into components with 2-D and 3-D elements, and these component groupings are maintained on export and import. However, this usage is not recommended. To assign 1-D elements to property collectors, select the property collector from the property = field in the appropriate 1-D element panel. Abaqus

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The following Abaqus keywords are supported as properties:

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*BEAM ADDED INERTIA

Define additional beam inertia.

ALPHA, COMPOSITE, Mass, CM_x1, CM_x2, Angle, l11, l22, l12

*BEAM GENERAL SECTION

Specify a beam section when numerical integration over the section is not required.

ELSET, SECTION

*BEAM SECTION

Specify a beam section when numerical integration over the section is required.

No_auto_prefix_for_n ames, Use_long_names, Use_quotes, Density, Dependency, Poisson, Zero, RotaryIntertia, SectionType, Section_Axis, BMG_Mat, Centroid, ShearCenter, SectionPoints, Beam_Added_Inertia , Ignore_HyperBeam_ Section_Type TransverseShearStiff ness

Notes

Only one *BEAM GENERAL SECTION card is output per component. Therefore, the beam elements in each component must have the same cross-sectional properties. Sub-options *AXIAL, *BEAM ADDED INERTIA, *CENTROID, *SHEAR CENTER, *THERMAL EXPANSION and *TRANSVERSE SHEAR STIFFNESS are supported.

ELSET, MATERIAL, SECTION

Only one *BEAM SECTION card is output per component. Therefore, a, b, t1-t4 the beam elements in No_auto_prefix_for_n each component must ames, have the same crossUse_long_names, sectional properties. Use_quotes, Temperature, Sub-options *BEAM Poisson, ADDED INERTIA and RotaryInertia, *TRANSVERSE SHEAR SectionType, STIFFNESS are Section_Axis, supported. Integration_Points, Beam_Added_Inertia , Ignore_HyperBeam_ Section_Type,

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TransverseShearStiff ness *COHESIVE SECTION

Specify element properties for cohesive elements.

ELSET MATERIAL CONTROLS

Sub-option *TRANSVERSE SHEAR STIFFNESS is supported.

ORIENTATION RESPONSE= {TRACTION SEPARATION, CONTINUUM, GASKET} STACK DIRECTION = {1,2,3, ORIENTATION} THICKNESS= {GEOMETRY, SPECIFIED} *CONNECTOR SECTION

Specify connector attributes for connector elements.

ELSET BEHAVIOR ELIMINATION

The following types are supported: Standard template: ACCELEROMETER, ALIGN, AXIAL, BEAM, BUSHING, CARDAN, CARTESIAN, CONSTANT VELOCITY, CVJOINT, CYLINDRICAL, EULER, FLEXION-TORSION, FLOW-CONVERTER, HINGE, JOIN, LINK, PLANAR, PROJECTION CARTESIAN, PROJECTION FLEXIONTORSION, RADIALTHRUST, RETRACTOR, REVOLUTE, ROTATION, SLIDE-PLANE, SLIPRING, SLOT, TRANSLATOR, UJOINT, UNIVERSAL, WELD, Explicit template: All listed above, as well as ROTATIONACCELEROMETER

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*CONTACT DAMPING

Define viscous damping between contacting surfaces.

DEFINITION=DAMPI This card is a sub-option NG COEFFICIENT in the *SURFACE INTERACTION card image.

*DASHPOT

Define dashpot behavior.

ELSET NONLINEAR ORIENTATION DEPENDENCIES

Only one *DASHPOT card is output per component. Therefore, the spring elements in each component must have the same properties. When the *DASHPOT card is written for DASHPOT1 elements, both dof1 and dof2 are written, but Abaqus only reads dof1. For DASHPOTA elements, choose the DASHPOTA option in the *DASHPOT card image.

OFFSET

*ELEMENT PROPERTIES

ORIENTATION THICKNESS

*EULERIAN SECTION

Define properties of Eulerian ELSET continuum elements, including the list of materials that may occupy the elements.

*FASTENER (SPOT Prescribe mesh-independent WELD) PROPERTY fastener properties.

NAME

*FLUID BULK MODULUS

Bulk_Mod

Define compressibility for a hydraulic fluid.

MASS

Temp Dependency

*FLUID DENSITY

Specify hydrostatic fluid density.

Pressure Temperature

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This option is used to define compressibility for the hydraulic fluid model. It can be used only in conjunction with the *FLUID BEHAVIOR option or the *FLUID PROPERTY option. This option is used to define the reference fluid density for fluid cavities. It

Altair Engineering

is applicable only for hydraulic and pneumatic fluids and should not be used for user-defined fluids. The *FLUID DENSITY option can be used only in conjunction with the *FLUID BEHAVIOR option or the *FLUID PROPERTY option. *FLUID EXPANSION

Specify the thermal expansion Mean coefficient for a hydraulic fluid. Temp Zero Dependency

*FLUID PROPERTY Define properties for hydrostatic fluid elements.

ELSET REF NODE TYPE AMBIENT

This option is used to define thermal expansion coefficients for the hydraulic fluid model. It can be used only in conjunction with the *FLUID BEHAVIOR option or the *FLUID PROPERTY option. Sub-options *FLUID DENSITY, *FLUID EXPANSION, and *FLUID BULK MODULUS are supported.

NAME *FRICTION

Specify a friction model.

ANISOTROPIC DEPENDENCIES DEPVAR ELASTIC SLIP EXPONENTIAL DECAY LAGRANGE PROPERTIES SLIP TOLERANCE

This card is a sub-option in the *SURFACE INTERACTION card image. It is also supported as a separate card image to allow for it to be used as a sub-option of the *CONNECTOR FRICTION card (in *CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR).

ROUGH TAUMAX USER *GAP

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Specify clearance and local geometry for GAP-type elements.

ELSET

Only one *GAP card is output per component. Therefore, the gap

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elements in each component must have the same properties. Not in Explicit template. *GASKET SECTION Specify element properties for gasket elements.

ELSET MATERIAL

Only in Standard templates.

BEHAVIOR ORIENTATION STABILIZATION STIFFNESS *JOINT

Define properties for JOINTC elements.

ELSET ORIENTATION

Only one *JOINT card is output per component. Therefore, the spring elements in each component must have the same properties. The *SPRING and *DASHPOT cards in the *JOINT property behave the same way as the individual cards mentioned above. See the How do I section below for more information. Not in Explicit template.

*MASS

Specify a point mass.

ELSET COMPOSITE ALPHA

*MEMBRANE SECTION

Specify section properties for membrane elements.

ELSET MATERIAL

Only one *MASS card is output per component. Therefore, the mass elements in each component must have the same properties. Sub-option *HOURGLASS STIFFNESS is supported.

ORIENTATION NODAL THICKNESS POISSON CONTROLS *NONSTRUCTURAL Specify mass contribution to

ELSET

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For Abaqus Explicit

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MASS

the model from nonstructural features.

UNITS = {TOTAL MASS, MASS PER VOLUME, MASS PER AREA, MASS PER LENGTH}

template only

DISTRIBUTION = {MASS PROPORTIONAL, VOLUME PROPORTIONAL} *PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

Specify physical constants.

ABSOLUTE ZERO SPL REFERENCE PRESSURE STEFAN BOLTZMANN UNIVERSAL GAS CONSTANT

*RIGID BODY

Define a set of elements as a rigid body and define rigid element properties.

ELSET REFNODE ANALYTICAL SURFACE ISOTHERMAL PIN NSET TIE NSET

For Analytical Rigid Surfaces, the ANALYTICAL SURFACE parameter should point to the corresponding ANALYTICAL_RIGID_SUR FACE group from the card image of the *RIGID BODY card.

POSITION DENSITY NODAL THICKNESS OFFSET *ROTARY INERTIA (no longer listed on panel)

Define rigid body rotary inertia. ELSET ALPHA COMPOSITE ORIENTATION

*SECTION CONTROLS

Specify section controls.

Only one *ROTARY INERTIA card is output per component. Therefore, the ROTARY1 elements in each component must have the same properties.

NAME WEIGHT FACTOR SECOND ORDER ACCURACY DISTORTION CONTROL

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LENGTH RATIO HOURGLASS = {VISCOUS, COMBINED, ENHANCED, RELAXED STIFFNESS, STIFFNESS} KINEMATIC SPLIT = {CENTROID, AVERAGE STRAIN, ORTHOGONAL} ELEMENT DELETION INITIAL GAP OPENING MAX DEGRADATION VISCOSITY *SHELL GENERAL SECTION

Define a general, arbitrary, elastic shell section.

COMPOSITE: COMPOSITE, ELSET, DENSITY, CONTROLS, LAYUP, OFFSET, ORIENTATION, POISSON, SMEAR ALL LAYERS, STACK DIRECTION, SYMMETRIC, THICKNESS MODULUS, NODAL THICKNESS

Sub-options *HOURGLASS STIFFNESS and *TRANSVERSE SHEAR STIFFNESS are supported.for Composite and Homogenous

HOMOGENOUS: MATERIAL, ELSET, DENSITY, BENDING ONLY, CONTROLS, MEMBRANE ONLY, OFFSET, ORIENTATION, POISSON, STACK DIRECTION, THICKNESS MODULUS, NODAL THICKNESS USER:

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USER, ELSET, DENSITY, CONTROLS, OFFSET, ORIENTATION, POISSON, STACK DIRECTION, THICKNESS MODULUS, NODAL THICKNESS, I PROPERTIES, PROPERTIES, UNSYMM, VARIABLES DIRECT: ELSET, DENSITY, BENDING ONLY, CONTROLS, MEMBRANE ONLY, OFFSET, ORIENTATION, POISSON, STACK DIRECTION, THICKNESS MODULUS, ZERO, DEPENDENCIES *SHELL SECTION

Specify a shell cross-section.

COMPOSITE: COMPOSITE, CONTROLS, ELSET, DENSITY, LAYUP, NODAL THICKNESS, OFFSET, ORIENTATION, POISSON, SECTION INTEGRATION, STACK DIRECTION, SYMMETRIC, TEMPERATURE, THICKNESS MODULUS

Sub-options *HOURGLASS STIFFNESS and *TRANSVERSE SHEAR STIFFNESS are supported.

HOMOGENOUS: MATERIAL, CONTROLS, ELSET, DENSITY, NODAL

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THICKNESS, OFFSET, ORIENTATION, POISSON, SECTION INTEGRATION, STACK DIRECTION, TEMPERATURE, THICKNESS MODULUS *SOLID SECTION

Specify element properties for solid, infinite, acoustic, and truss elements.

COMPOSITE: COMPOSITE, CONTROLS, ELSET, LAYUP, ORIENTATION, STACK DIRECTION, SYMMETRIC

Sub-option *HOURGLASS STIFFNESS is supported. REF NODE - generalized plane strain and acoustic infinite elements

HOMOGENOUS: CONTROLS, ELSET, MATERIAL, ORIENTATION, REF NODE *SPRING

Define spring behavior.

ELSET NONLINEAR ORIENTATION DEPENDENCIES

Only one *SPRING card is output per component. Therefore, the spring elements in each component must have the same properties. When the *SPRING card is written for SPRING1 elements, both dof1 and dof2 are written, but Abaqus only reads dof1. For SPRINGA elements, choose the SPRINGA option in the *SPRING card image.

*SURFACE BEHAVIOR

Define alternative pressureoverclosure relationships for contact.

NO SEPARATION PRESSUREOVERCLOSURE= HARD, EXPONENTIAL, LINEAR, TABULAR, AugmeNted

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This card is a sub-option in the *SURFACE INTERACTION card image.

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Lagrange, PENALTY *SURFACE INTERACTION

Define surface interaction properties.

NAME

For Abaqus Explicit template, this card is defined as a group from the Interface panel.

*SURFACE SECTION

Specify section properties for surface elements.

ELSET

*SURFACE SMOOTHING

Create a surface smoothing NAME definition for contact interactions. It must be used in conjunction with the *CONTACT PAIR option.

*TRANSVERSE SHEAR STIFFNESS

K23, K13, SCF Define transverse shear stiffness for beams and shells.

This option must be used in conjunction with the *BEAM GENERAL SECTION option, the *BEAM SECTION option, the *COHESIVE SECTION option, the *SHELL GENERAL SECTION option, or the *SHELL SECTION option. The transverse shear stiffness defined with this option affects only the transverse shear flexible elements whose section properties are defined by the immediately preceding section option.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*CONSTRAINED_J OINT_ STIFFNESS_FLEXI ON-

Define optional rotational and translational joint stiffness for joints.

PIDA, PIDB, CIDA, CIDB, JID, LCIDAL, LCIDG, LCIDBT, DLCIDAL, DLCIDG,

DENSITY

LS-DYNA

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TORSION

*CONSTRAINED_J OINT_ STIFFNESS_ GENERALIZED

DLCIDBT, ESAL, FMAL, ESBT, FMBT, SAAL, NSABT, PSABT Define optional rotational and translational joint stiffness for joints.

PIDA, PIDB, CIDA, CIDB, JID, LCIDPH, LCIDT, LCIDPS, DLCIDPH, DLCIDDT, DLCIDPS, ESPH, FMPH, EST, FMT, ESPS, FMPS, NSAPH, PSAPH, NSAT, PSAT, NSAPS, PSAPS Options (Generalized, FlexionTorsion, Translational)

*CONSTRAINED_J OINT_ STIFFNESS_ TRANSLATIONAL

Define optional rotational and translational joint stiffness for joints.

PIDA, PIDB, CIDA, CIDB, JID, LCIDX, LCIDY, LCIDZ, DLCIDX, DLCIDY, DLCIDZ, ESX, FFX, ESY, FFY, ESZ, FFZ, NSDX, PSDX, NSDY, PSDY, NSDZ, PSDZ

*DAMPING_RELATI Apply damping relative to the VE motion of a rigid body.

CDAMP, FREQ, PIDRB, PSID

*DEFINE_CONNEC Define failure related TION_ parameters for solid element PROPERTIES spot weld failure by *MAT_SPOTWELD_DAIMLER CHRYSLER.

PROPRUL, AREAEQ, DG_TYP, D_SIGY, D_ETAN, D_DG_PR, D_RANK, D_SN, D_SB, D_SS, D_EXSN, D_EXSB, D_EXSS, D_LCSN, D_LCSB, D_LCSS, MID, SGIY, ETAN, DG_PR, RANK, SN, SB, SS, EXSN, EXSB, EXSS, LCSN, LCSB, LCSS

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Number_of_Materials *EOS_GRUNEISEN Equation of state Form 4. (EOS 4)

*EOS_IDEAL_GAS (EOS 12)

C, S1, S2, S3, GAMA0, A, E0, V0 Title

Equation of state for 12 for modeling ideal gas.

CV0, CP0, CL, CQ, T0, V0 Title

*EOS_IGNITION_A Equation of state Form 7. ND_ GROWTH_OF_REA CTION_ IN_HE (EOS 7)

A, B, XP1, XP2, FRER, G, R1 - R6, FMXIG, FREQ, GROW1, EM, AR1, ES1, CVP, CVR, EETAL, CCRIT, ENQ, TMP0, GROW2, AR2, ES2, EN, FMXGR, FMNGR Title

*EOS_JWL (EOS 2) Equation of state Form 2.

A, B, R1, R2, Omeg, E0, V0 Title

*EOS_LINEAR_ POLYNOMIAL (EOS 1)

Equation of state Form 1. c0 - c6, E0, V0 Define coefficients for linear polynomial EOS and initialize Title the initial thermodynamic state of the material.

*EOS_LINEAR_ Equation of state Form 6. POLYNOMIAL_WIT H_ ENERGY_LEAK (EOS 6)

C0 - C6, E0, V0, LCID

*EOS_PROPELLAN Equation of state Form 10. T_ Added to model airbag DEFLAGRATION propellants. (EOS 10)

A, B, XP1, XP2, FRER, G, R1, R2, R3, R5, R6, FMXIG, FREQ, GROW1, EM, AR1, ES1, CVP, CVR, CCRIT, ENQ, TMP0,

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Title

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GROW2, AR2, ES2, EN, FMXGR, FMNGR Title *EOS_RATIO_OF_ POLYNOMIALS (EOS 5)

Equation of state Form 5.

A10 - A13, A20 A23, A30 - A33, A40 - A43, A50 - A53, A60 - A63, A70 A73, A14, A24, ALPH, BETA, E0, V0 Title

*EOS_SACK_TUES Equation of state Form 3. DAY (EOS 3)

A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, E0, V0

*EOS_TABULATED Equation of state Form 9. (EOS 9)

GAMA, E0, V0, EV1- EV10, C1 C10, T1 - T10

Title

Title *EOS_TABULATED Equation of state Form 8. _ COMPACTION (EOS 8)

E0, V0, EV1 - EV10, C1 - C10, T1 - T10, K1 - K10

*EOS_TENSOR_P ORE_ COLLAPSE (EOS 11)

Equation of state Form 11.

NLD, NCR, MU1, MU2, IE0, EC0

*HOURGLASS

Define hourglass and bulk viscosity properties which are referenced via HGID in the *PART command.

Title

Title IHQ, QM, IBQ, Q1, Q2, QB, QW Title

*INTEGRATION_BE Define user defined through the LSD_NIP, RA, ISCT, AM thickness integration rules for K the beam element. Title *INTEGRATION_SH Define user defined through the LSID_NIP, ESOP, ELL thickness integration rules for FAILOPT

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*MAT_ADD_EROSI ON

*SECTION_BEAM (TITLE)

the shell element.

Title

Many of the consitutive models in LS-DYNA do not allow failure and erosion. This option provides a way of including failure in these models although the option can also be applied to constitutive models of other failure/erosion criterion.

ID, EXCL, MXPRES, MNEPS, MNPRES, SIGP1, SIGVM, MEXPS, EPSSH, SIGTH, IMPULSE, FAILTM

Define cross sectional properties for beam, truss, discrete beam and cable elements.

ELFORM, SHRF, QR, CST, SCOOR, NSM, Area, ISS, ITT, IRR, SA, Title, Int_Rule_ID

Title

Options (Generic, Standard) *SECTION_DISCRE Define spring and damper TE elements for translation and (TITLE) rotation.

DRO, KD, V0, CL, FD, CDL, TDL

*SECTION_POINT_ SOURCE(TITLE)

LCIDT, LCIDVOLR, LCIDVEL, NIDLC001, NIDLC002, NICDL003, IDIR, NumPtSrc, NODEID, VECID, ORIFAREA

Provides the inlet boundary condition for single gas flow (inflation potential) via a set of point source(s).

Title

MIXTURE, Title *SECTION_POINT_ Provides: (a) an element SOURCE_MIXTURE formulation for a solid ALE part (TITLE) of the type similar to ELFORM=11 of *SECTION_SOLID and (b) the inlet gas injection boundary condition for multiple-gas mixture in-flow via a set of point sources.

LCIDT, LCIDVEL, NIDL001, NIDLC002, NIDLC003, IDIR, LCMDOT1 LCMDOT8, NumPtSrc, NODEID, VECID, ORIFAREA

*SECTION_SEATB ELT (TITLE)

Title

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Define section properties for the seat belt elements.

Title

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*SECTION_SHELL (TITLE)

Define section properties for shell elements.

ELFORM, SHRF, NIP, PROPT, QR, ICOMP, SETYP, T1, NLOC, MAREA, EDGSET Options (NONE, ALE, EFG) Title, Int_Rule_ID, NonUniform Thickness

*SECTION_SHELL_ Define section properties for ALE shell elements. (TITLE)

ELFORM, SHRF, NIP, PROPT, QR, ICOMP, SETYP, T1, NLOC, MAREA, EDGSET, AFAC, BFAC, CFAC, DFAC, EFAC, START, END, AAFAC Title, Int_Rule_ID, NonUniform Thickness

*SECTION_SHELL_ Define section properties for EFG shell elements. (TITLE)

ELFORM, SHRF, NIP, PROPT, QR, ICOMP, SETYP, T1, NLOC, MAREA, EDGSET, DX, DY Title, Int_Rule_ID, NonUniform Thickness

*SECTION_SOLID (TITLE)

Define section properties for solid continuum and fluid elements.

ELFORM, AET Options (NONE, ALE, EFG) Title

*SECTION_SOLID_ ALE (TITLE)

Define section properties for solid continuum and fluid elements.

ELFORM, AET, AFAC, BFAC, CFAC, DFAC, START, END, AAFAC Title

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*SECTION_SOLID_ EFG (TITLE)

Define section properties for solid continuum and fluid elements.

ELFORM, AET, DX, DY, DZ

*SECTION_SPH

Define section properties for SPH particles.

CSLH, HMIN, HMAX, SPHNI, DEATH, START

Title

Title *SECTION_TSHELL Define section properties for (TITLE) SPH particles.

ELFORM, SHRF, NIP, PROPT, QR, ICOMP Title

MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

AMPLIFICATION. ABS_POLY

Deformation rate dependent amplification factor of the elastic load given by the following polynomial

C1 - C5

Choose FACTOR = ABS_POLY

ASSEMBLY COMMENT

[ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy.

C1 - C4

Choose FACTOR = EXP

C1 + C2|v| + C3|v|2 + C4|v|3 + C5|v|4 where v is the deformation rate corresponding to the force model. AMPLIFICATION. EXP

Deformation rate dependent amplification factor of the elastic load given by the following exponential function

ASSEMBLY COMMENT

C1 + C2 (|v|/C3) C4 (C3 > 0) where v is the deformation rate corresponding to the force model. AMPLIFICATION. LOG

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Deformation rate dependent amplification factor of the

C1 - C3

[ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy.

Choose FACTOR = LOG

ASSEMBLY

[ASSEMBLY] = reference

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elastic load given by the following logarithmic function

COMMENT

to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy.

C1 - C4

Choose FACTOR = POLY

C1 + C2 log(|v|/C3) ( |v| > C3, C3 > 0) C1 ( |v| < C3, C3 > 0) where v is the deformation rate corresponding to the force model. AMPLIFICATION. POLY

Deformation rate dependent amplification factor of the elastic load given by the following polynomial

ASSEMBLY COMMENT

1 + C1 v + C2 v2 + C3 v3 + C4 v4 (v = 0, Ci = 0, i = 1, 2, 3, 4) 1/{1 - C1 v + C2 v2 - C3 v3 + C4 v4} (v < 0, Ci = 0, i = 1, 2, 3, 4)

[ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy.

where v is the deformation rate corresponding to the force model. CHARACTERISTIC. CONTACT

Supplies the data for describing a characteristic for a contact.

CONTACT_MODEL, HYS_MODEL, LOAD_FUNC, AMPLIFICATION, ASSEMBLY

TYPE = CONTACT

CHARACTERISTIC. LOAD

Characteristic for restraints, belt segments and belt retractors defining loading, unloading, damping and hysteresis.

HYS_MODEL, CONTACT_MODEL, DAMP_COEF,

TYPE = LOAD

LOAD_FUNC, DAMP_VEL_FUNC, AMPLIFICATION, ASSEMBLY

[ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy.

Characteristic for materials defining loading, unloading, damping and hysteresis.

HYS_MODEL,

TYPE = MATERIAL

CHARACTERISTIC. MATERIAL

DAMP_COEF, LOAD_FUNC, DAMP_FUNC, ASSEMBLY

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[ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy.

[ASSEMBLY] = reference to the parent, if not selected, will be written to

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the MADYMO assembly, which is the top level of the assembly hierarchy. LAYER

Layer definition of material.

PROPERTY. BEAM2_BOX

Closed thin-walled rectangular beam cross-section.

Defined on the card of the parent property. SECTION

Choose SECTION = BOX

AREA I11 I22 I33 Q22 Q33 INT_PNT FE_MODEL COMMENT

PROPERTY. Solid circular beam crossBEAM2_CIRCULAR section.

SECTION

Choose SECTION = CIRCULAR

RADIUS INT_MTH (GLOBAL, GAUSS, LOBATTO, TRAPEZIUM) FE_MODEL

PROPERTY. Two node spring element. BEAM2_DISCRETE

SECTION

PROPERTY. General beam cross-section. BEAM2_GENERAL

SECTION

FE_MODEL

Choose SECTION = DISCRETE Choose SECTION = GENERAL

AREA I11 I22 I33 Q22 Q33 INT_PNT FE_MODEL

PROPERTY. BEAM2_PIPE

Closed thin-walled circular beam cross-section (pipe).

SECTION

Choose SECTION = PIPE

RADIUS THICK

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INT_MTH (GLOBAL, GAUSS, LOBATTO, TRAPEZIUM) INT_POINTS FE_MODEL PROPERTY. Solid rectangular beam crossBEAM2_RECTANG section. ULAR

WIDTH HEIGHT

Choose SECTION = RECTANGULAR

INT_MTH (GLOBAL, GAUSS, LOBATTO, TRAPEZIUM) INT_POINTS FE_MODEL

PROPERTY. BEAM2_USER

User defined beam crosssection.

SECTION LOCAL_Y LOCAL_Z WEIGHT_FACTOR FE_MODEL

Choose SECTION = USER Enter the number of related elements with user defined integration information.

NR_OF_USER_INTS THICK

PROPERTY. FACET6

INT_POINT UPDATE_THICK (OFF/ON) FE_MODEL COMMENT

PROPERTY. INTERFACE4

Linear four node interface element.

THICK FE_MODEL COMMENT

PROPERTY.MEM3

Linear three node triangular membrane element.

THICK UPDATE_THICK (OFF/ON) IMM_DAMP IMM_STRAIN IMM_DAMP_MTH (0, 1, 2) IMM_STIF_REDUC COROTATION_FOR M (FIXED,

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OBJECTIVE) STRAIN_FORM (LINEAR, LOG, GREEN) FE_MODEL COMMENT PROPERTY. MEM3_LAYERED

Linear three node layered triangular membrane element.

IMM_DAMP IMM_STRAIN

Enter the number of related LAYER elements.

IMM_DAMP_MTH (0, 1, 2) IMM_STIF_REDUC COROTATION_FOR M (FIXED, OBJECTIVE) STRAIN_FORM (LINEAR, LOG, GREEN) UPDATE_THICK (OFF/ON) THICK COMPONENT ANGLE FE_MODEL display_components NR_OF_LAYERS COMMENT PROPERTY. MEM3NL

Non-linear three node triangular membrane element.

THICK IMM_DAMP IMM_STRAIN UPDATE_THICK (OFF/ON) IMM_DAMP_MTH (0, 1, 2) IMM_STIF_REDUC FE_MODEL COMMENT

PROPERTY. MEM3NL_LAYERE

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Linear three node layered triangular membrane element.

IMM_DAMP IMM_STRAIN

Enter the number of related LAYER elements.

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UPDATE_THICK (OFF/ON)

D

IMM_DAMP_MTH (0, 1, 2) IMM_STIF_REDUC THICK COMPONENT ANGLE FE_MODEL display components NR_OF_LAYERS COMMENT PROPERTY.MEM4

Linear quadrilateral membrane element.

THICK UPDATE_THICK (OFF/ON) HOURGLASS_PAR HOURGLASS_MTH (STIFFNESS, VISCOUS) FULL_INT (OFF/ON) IMM_DAMP IMM_STRAIN IMM_DAMP_MTH (0, 1, 2) IMM_STIF_REDUC COROTATION_FOR M (FIXED, OBJECTIVE) STRAIN_FORM (LINEAR, LOG, GREEN) FE_MODEL COMMENT

PROPERTY. MEM4NL

Non-linear quadrilateral membrane element.

THICK UPDATE_THICK (OFF/ON) HOURGLASS_PAR HOURGLASS_MTH (STIFFNESS,

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VISCOUS) FULL_INT (OFF/ON) IMM_DAMP IMM_STRAIN IMM_DAMP_MTH IMM_STIF_REDUC FE_MODEL COMMENT PROPERTY. SHELL3

Three-node shell element.

THICK INT_POINT UPDATE_THICK TIME_STEP_DEL FE_MODEL COMMENT

PROPERTY. SHELL4

Shell4 element.

THICK INT_POINT UPDATE_THICK HOURGLASS_PAR HOURGLASS_MTH (STIFFNESS, VISCOUS) TIME_STEP_DEL COMMENT

PROPERTY. Linear four node layered SHELL4_LAYERED quadrilateral shell element.

HOURGLASS_PAR HOURGLASS_MTH (STIFFNESS, VISCOUS)

Enter the number of related LAYER elements.

THICK COMPONENT ANGLE INT_POINT FE_MODEL display_components NR_OF_LAYERS COMMENT PROPERTY.

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Six node triangular shell

THICK

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SHELL6

element.

INT_POINT UPDATE_THICK (OFF/ON) BENDING_COUPLIN G (OFF/ON) FE_MODEL COMMENT

PROPERTY. SOLID4

Four node solid element.

ADV_STRAIN (OFF/ ON) FE_MODEL COMMENT

PROPERTY. SOLID8

Eight node solid element.

HOURGLASS_PAR FULL_INT (ON/OFF) ADV_STRAIN (ON/ OFF)

PROPERTY. TRUSS2

Property definition truss2 element.

AREA LENGTH FE_MODEL COMMENT

PROPERTY. USERL2

User element

PROPERTY. USERL3

User element

PROPERTY. USERP3

User element

PROPERTY. USERP4

User element

PROPERTY. USERV8

User element

USER_INT

User-defined integration information for general beam cross section.

FE_MODEL COMMENT FE_MODEL COMMENT FE_MODEL COMMENT FE_MODEL COMMENT FE_MODEL COMMENT Defined on the card of the parent PROPERTY.

MARC

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

PBUSH PROP_GEOMETRY

IOFFSET (0, 1, 2) IORIENT (0, 10) IPIN (0, 100) EGEOM1 EGEOM7 UNSUPPORTED_D ATA

Nastran

Only one card image can be loaded into each property collector. 1-D elements can be grouped into components with 2-D and 3-D elements for display purposes. The component groupings are maintained on export and import. To assign 1-D elements to property collectors, select the property collector from property = in the appropriate 1-D element panel. Properties for PBAR and PBEAM cards can be manually input in the card image or automatically created using the HyperBeam module. See the HyperBeam online help for more information. The HM_ELAS card defines properties for an HM_Spring element. Note:

Nastran users should consider using the PBUSH property card instead of HM_ELAS.

The spring entity is a single DOF and single spring constant finite-length element. HM_ELAS property cards can be used to convert single spring elements into a group of zero-length springs and rigids. Six DOFs are defined in a single property card, and the springs in this group are created as zero-length to avoid some of the common modeling errors caused by finite-length springs. The following diagram illustrates how a single HM_ELAS spring element converts to a Nastran bulk data file:

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As shown above, the single spring element writes a group of rigids and springs. On export, the following occurs: 1.

A new node is created (Node 3) which is coincident with Node 2. The new node references the same local coordinate system as Node 2.

2.

An RBE2 element is created, with 6 DOFS fixed, between Node 1 and Node 3.

3.

Up to six zero-length elements are created, between Node 2 and Node 3, based on the following settings in the HM_ELAS property card:

4.

-

If the DOF is a value you set, a CELAS2 element is created for that DOF, with the K field equal to the supplied value

-

If the DOF is set to RIGID, an RBE2 element is created, with that DOF fixed

-

If the DOF is set to FREE, no elements are created for that DOF

Comment cards are written at the beginning and end of each HM_SPRING (HMSPRING) element so that the element can be imported correctly in the session. These comment cards suppress the reading of the individual CELAS2 and RBE2 elements and the third "artificial" nodes so that you are left with the two original nodes and a single spring element once the bulk data file is loaded back into HyperMesh.

Note:

Removing these comment cards allows you to load the elements back into HyperMesh the way Nastran sees them. If this is done, make sure that any equivalencing operations performed using these elements are done properly.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

PAABSF

Defines the properties of a frequency-dependent acoustic absorber element.

TZREID, TZIMID, S, A, B, K, RHOC

PACABS

Defines the properties of the

SYNTH, TID1-TID3,

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Notes

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acoustic absorber element.

TESTAR, CUTFR, B, K, M

Defines associated bodies for the panels in the DoubletLattice method.

PID, B

PAERO2

Defines the cross-sectional properties of aerodynamic bodies.

PID, ORIENT, WIDTH, AR, LRSB, LRIB, LTH1, LTH2, THI, THN

PBAR

Defines the properties of a simple beam element (CBAR entry).

beamsec

Defines the properties of a simple beam element (CBAR entry) by cross-sectional dimensions.

beamsec

PAERO1

PBARL

NUM_B

A, I1, I2, J, NSM CONT1

GROUP CStype (ROD, TUBE, I, CHAN, T, BOX, BAR, CROSS, H, T1, I1, CHAN1, Z, CHAN2, T2, BOX1, HEXA, HAT, HAT1, DBOX) DIMs NSM

PBEAM

beamsec Defines the properties of a beam element (CBEAM entry). Aa, I1a, I2a, Ja, This element may be used to NSMa model tapered beams. PBEAM_CARD3

Blank fields are not supported for intermediate stations. Appropriate default values are inserted during feinput.

CONTINUATION LINE2 CONTINUATION LINE5 CONTINUATION LINE6 PBEAML

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Defines the properties of a beam element by crosssectional dimensions.

beamsec GROUP TYPE (ROD, TUBE, L, I, CHAN, T, BOX, BAR, CROSS, H,

Blank fields are not supported for intermediate stations. Appropriate default values are inserted during feinput.

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T1, I1, CHAN1, Z, CHAN2, T2, BOX1, HEXA, HAT, HAT1, DBOX) DIM1A, NSM pbeamlintStationslen PBEND

A, I1, I2, J, RB, Defines the properties of a THETAB curved beam, curved pipe, or elbow element (CBEND entry). AltFormatOption (CONT1)

PBUSH

Defines the nominal property K_LINE, B_LINE, values for a generalized spring- RCV_LINE, and-damper structural GE_LINE, PBUSHT element.

PBUSH1D

Defines linear and nonlinear properties of a onedimensional spring and damper element (CBUSH1D entry).

K, C, M, SA, SE SHOCKA_LINE SPRING_LINE DAMPER_LINE GENER_LINE

PBUSHT

Defines the frequency dependent properties or the stress dependent properties for a generalized spring and damper structural element.

PCOMP

Defines the properties of an nply composite material laminate.

PID, Z0, NSM, SB, FT, TREF, GE, LAM, MID, T, THETA, SOUT NUMBER_of_Plies

PCOMPG

Defines global (external) ply IDs and properties for a composite material laminate.

PID, Z0, NSM, SB, FT, TREF, GE, LAM, GPLYID, MID, T, THETA, SOUT NUMBER_of_Plies

PDAMP

Specifies the damping value of B a scalar damper element using defined CDAMP1 or CDAMP3 entries.

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PELAS

Specifies the stiffness, damping coefficient, and stress coefficient of a scalar elastic (spring) element (CELAS1 or CELAS3 entry).

PELAST

Defines the frequency dependent properties for a PELAS Bulk Data entry.

PFAST

Defines the CFAST fastener property values.

K1, GE1, S1 PELAST

D, MFLAG, KT1, KT2, KT3, KR1, KR2, KR3, MASS, GE MCID (-1, BLANK, MCID)

PGAP

Defines the properties of the gap element (CGAP entry).

U0, F0, KA, KB, KT, MU1, MU2, CONT

PLSOLID

Defines a fully nonlinear (i.e., large strain and large rotation) hyperelastic solid element.

STR (GRID, GAUS)

PMASS

Specifies the mass value of a scalar mass element (CMASS1 or CMASS3 entries).

PID, M

PROD

Defines the properties of a rod element (CROD entry).

beamsec

PSEAM

Defines the PSEAM property values.

TYPE, W, T

PSHEAR

Defines the properties of a shear panel (CSHEAR entry).

PID, MID, T, NSM, F1, F2

PSHELL

Defines the membrane, PID, MID, T, I12_T3, bending, transverse shear, and TS_T, NSM coupling properties of thin shell MID1_blank, elements. MID2_opts, MID3_opts, CONT

PSOLID

Defines the properties of solid

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A, J, C, NSM

PID, MD, IN,

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elements (CHEXA, CPENTA, and CTETRA entries).

STRESS, ISPO, FCTN CORDM options (BLANK, -1, USER)

Defines the properties of a thin-walled cylindrical tube element (CTUBE entry).

beamsec

PVISC

Defines properties of a onedimensional viscous damping element (CVISC entry).

CE1, CR1

PWELD

beamsec Defines the properties of connector (CWELD) elements. D, MSET, TYPE

PTUBE

OD, T, NSM, OD2

LDMIN, LDMAX The Nastran, OptiStruct, and Radioss (Bulk Data) interfaces allow the property between groups to have the same ID. For example, PBAR3, PSHELL 3, PSOLID 3, etc. Duplicate IDs within the same group is not allowed.

Nastran, OptiStruct, and Radioss (Bulk Data) properties are grouped as follows: 0D_Rigids

PMASS

1D

PBAR, PBARL, PBEAM, PBEAML, PBEAND, PROD, PTUBE, PWELD

SPRING_GAP

PBUSH, PBUSH1D, PDAMP, PELAS, PGAP, PVISC

2D

PSHELL, PSHEAR, PCOMP, PCOMG

3D

PSOLID

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

FRICT /

Friction modeling definition.

FRICT

Notes

TITLE Friction model:

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1: Standard Coulomb 2: Pressure dependent by curve 3: Velocity dependent by curve 4: Pressure and velocity dependent by curves 5: Pressure dependent by standard function 1 6: Pressure dependent by standard function 2 10. Orthotropic friction using element direction 11. Orthotropic friction using arbitrary direction GASPEC /

Specification of air bag gas.

WSGAS, ASGAS, BSGAS, CSGAS, DSGAS

RUPMO /

Rupture model definition.

IRUPT, IFMON, TITLE, FAILT, FAILD, AFAILN, AFAILS, A1, A2, INTF, D1, D2

PERMAS

The following property data blocks are supported in the PERMAS interface: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

$GEODAT BEAM

Beam

BECONST (Secttype, Shear, Warp, Ce, Offset, Lmass)

Notes

BETAPER

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(Secttype, Shear, Warp, Ce, Offset, Lmass) BEAM2 (Secttype, Shear, Warp, Intsec, Ce, Offset, Lmass, Xylmass) $GEODAT CONA

Surface convection

UNIFORM THICK (TFilm) VARYING THICK (TFilm)

$GEODAT CONS

Shell surface convection

UNIFORM THICK (TFilm, Offset) VARYING THICK (TFilm, Offset)

$GEODAT DAMPER

Viscous damper

DAMP1 (Mass) DAMP3 (Mass, Refsys) DAMP6 (Mass, Refsys, Offset) NLDAMPER (Xlin, Mass, Refsys) ALL (Lmass)

$GEODAT FLANGE Flange

2NODE (Lmass) 3NODE (Lmass) GAXIS

$GEODAT GASKET Gasket

VMASS $GEODAT MASS

MASS3

Mass

MASS6 (Offset, Refsys) $GEODAT SCALAR Scalar

DOF

$GEODAT SHELL

UNIFORM THICK (Offset, Cntrl, Core, Amass, Rsurf, Noffset)

Shell

VARYING THICK (Offset, Cntrl, Core,

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Amass, Rsurf, Noffset) $GEODAT SOLID

Solid

VMASS SPRING1 (Mass, Volume)

$GEODAT SPRING Spring

SPRING3 (Mass, Volume, Refsys) SPRING6 (Mass, Volume, Refsys, Offset) NLSPRING (Xlin, Mass, Volume, Refsys)

Samcef

The following cards are supported in the Samcef interface:

Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

.BPR

Define beam profiles.

NOM, UNITE

Notes

TYPE (I, DOUBLE T, U, L, L2, ZD, ZD2, T, FULL RECTANGLE, HOLLOW RECTANGLE, FULL CIRCLE, HOLLOW CIRCLE) H, B, TW, TF, R, R1, R2 AIRE, IT, IU, IV, ALPHA, YC, ZC, YM, ZM, AY, AZ UNITE (MILLIMETER, CENTIMETER, INCH, METER) INERTIA OPTIONS (CROSSSECTION_OP TION, PARAMETERS

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Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

FOR DEFINING INERTIA PROPERTIES) PHP BEAM DEGRE .ETASHELL

Used to assign the laminate to the elements. The Projection method is supported.

LAM DIR NODE1 DIR NODE2 ANG

.ETASOLID

Used to assign the laminate to the elements. The Projection method is supported.

LAM DIR NODE1 DIR NODE2 ANG DEGRE

.PHP SHELL

This is a dummy property, just to have a link between the elements and the material, as it is not possible to assign directly a material to the elements.

Assign physical properties to an THICK existing mesh. SMAS DEGRE

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Components Materials Element Property and Material Assignment Rules Model Setup

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Sensors Sensor entities are used to define and store sensors typically used in safety analysis. Sensors are shown under the Sensor folder within the Model Browser. Sensors do not have a display state. Sensors have an active and export state. The active state of a sensor controls the listing of the sensor in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a sensor entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a sensor entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a sensor entity controls whether or not that sensor is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a sensor. The active and export states of sensor entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with sensors can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit sensors:

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Sensors

Solver Card Support for Sensors RADIOSS (Block Format)

Supported Card

Solver Description

/SENSOR

Describes the sensors.

/SENSOR/ACCE/

Accelerometer.

/SENSOR/AND/

ON as long as sensors sensor_ID1 AND sensor_ID2 are ON.

/SENSOR/DIST/

Nodal distance.

/SENSOR/INTER/

Interface activation and deactivation.

/SENSOR/NOT/

ON as long as sensor_ID1 is OFF.

/SENSOR/OR/

ON as long as sensors sensor_ID1 OR sensor_ID2 are ON.

/SENSOR/RWAL/

Rigid wall activation and deactivation.

/SENSOR/SENS/

Activation with sensor_ID1, deactivation with sensor IS2.

/SENSOR/TIME/

Start time.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Supported Parameters

Notes

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

Supported Card

Solver Description

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MARKER

Defines a marker used in multi-body dynamics.

Defined in the markers panel.

LS-DYNA

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

*PART_SENSOR

Links part/component to a sensor to activate and deactivate during the analysis.

PID, SIDA, ACTIVE

This is supported as an attribute to an element to maintain its associativity with element inside HyperMesh

*SENSOR_CONTR OL

Applies sensor result on an entity during run.

TYPE, TYPEID, INITSTT, SWIT Number of Switch

*SENSOR_DEFINE _ ELEMENT

Strain gauge type sensor.

ETYPE, ELEMID, COMP, CTYPE

*SENSOR_DEFINE _ FORCE

Force transducer type sensor.

FTYPE, TYPEID, CRD

*SENSOR_DEFINE _NODE

Accelerometer type sensor.

Vector Type (X, Y, Z, XMOMENT, YMOMENT, ZMOMENT, VECTOR) NODE1, NODE2, CRD, CTYPE Vector Type (X, Y, Z, VECTOR)

*SENSOR_DEFINE _ CALC-MATH

Perform mathematical calculations on sensor values.

CALC, SENS Number of Sensors

*SENSOR_SWITCH Compares sensor value with input value and gives a logical signal.

TYPE, SENSID, LOGIC, VALUE, TIMWIN

*SENSOR_SWITCH Performs mathematical

SWIT1

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calculations on the logical signal from sensor logic.

Number of Switch

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

ACTUATOR

ACTUATOR.BODY applies a concentrated load (force or torque) on a single body with the magnitude of a selected input signal, in the direction specified by the user.

TYPE (BODY, BODY_REL, JOINT_BRAKE, JOINT_POS)

_ CALC-LOGIC

Switch 1 Option

MADYMO

ACTUATOR.BODY_REL applies a concentrated load, being a force or torque, on two bodies with the magnitude given by a selected input signal, at user specified points on those bodies. ACTUATOR.JOINT_BRAKE applies a concentrated Coulomb friction load on the parent body of a joint with the magnitude of a selected input signal multiplied by the gain, the friction coefficient and the reaction load on the corresponding child body.

Notes

INPUT_CLASS (CONTROLLER, OPERATOR, SENSOR, SIGNAL) INPUT REF LOAD_TYPE (FORCE, TORQUE) CRDSYS (REF_SPACE, OBJECT) LOAD_DIR (X, Y, Z) POINT_OBJECT_1. MB (OBJECT, REF_SPACE) POS (X, Y, Z)

define POINT_OBJECT_1. MB or select ACTUATOR.JOINT_POS applies a concentrated load on POINT_OBJECT_1. the parent body of a joint with REF? (OBJECT, REF) the magnitude of a selected input signal and the reaction COMMENT load on the corresponding child body. CONTROLLER

Proportional integrating and differentiating controller

TYPE (PID) CONTROL_SYSTEM INPUT_CLASS (CONTROLLER, OPERATOR, SENSOR, SIGNAL)

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INPUT_REF, GAIN, TAUI, TAUD, COMMENT TYPE (DELAY, FUNC, MULTIPLY, SUM)

OPERATOR

CONTROL_SYSTEM INPUT_CLASS (CONTROLLER, OPERATOR, SENSOR, SIGNAL) INPUT_REF TIME_DELAY COMMENT PORT

SENSOR

Port selection for SWITCH. MULTI_PORT.

Defined on the card of the parent SWITCH. TYPE (BODY, BODY_REL, CONTACT, JOINT, JOINT_CONSTRAIN T, RESTRAINT, RETRACTOR, SURFACE_DIST) SIGNAL_TYPE (ANG_DISP, ANG_VEL, ANG_ACC, LIN_POS, LIN_VEL, LIN_ACC, PLAN_ACC) CRDSYS (OBJECT, REF SPACE) VECTORX, VECTORY, VECTORZ REF_SPACE, POS_X, POS_Y, POS_Z define POINT_OBJECT_1. MB or select POINT_OBJECT_1. REF? (OBJECT,

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REF) COMMENT TYPE (FUNC, EXTERNAL_INPUT, EXTERNAL_OUTPU T)

SIGNAL

CONTROL_SYSTEM ABS_VALUE (OFF/ ON) INTERPOLATION (LINEAR, SPLINE) X_SCALE, Y_SCALE, X_SHIFT, Y_SHIFT COMMENT SIGNAL_VALUE

Signal value.

Defined on the card of the parent OPERATOR. TYPE (CONTACT, FE_MODEL, INFLATOR, JOINT, JOINT_REMOVE, RESTRAINT_REMO VE)

STATE

SWITCH NR_OF_CONTACTS COMMENT SURFACE.PLANE

Rectangular plane

multibody = BODY N1 = POINT_1 N2 = POINT_2 N3 = POINT_3

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To create a SURFACE under the SYSTEM. REF_SPACE, a reference to a null body must be selected because a reference to a multibody is required when creating a multibody plane. A null body can be created like any other BODY (card image is not relevant and should not be used), Nullbody should be put under the SYSTEM. REF_SPACE assembly.

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SWITCH

Switch on signal from a sensor.

TYPE (CONTROL_SYSTE M, LOGIC, MULTIPORT, SENSOR, TIME, TIME_DELAY, TIME_FUNC) INVERT (OFF,ON) DYNAMIC_RELAX (NORMAL_ONLY, RELAX_ONLY, BOTH) TIME_TYPE (ELAPSED, SIMULATION) TIME COMMENT

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

SENSO /

Definition of a sensor

Types 2 and 4 are not supported.

SENSOR/

Definition of a sensor

Types 2 and 4 are not supported.

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Model Setup

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Sets Set entities are used to define and store lists of entity IDs for a specific entity. Sets can be generated for nodes, elements, components, assemblies, properties, materials, ellipsoids, multibody planes, multibody joints, and multibodies which contain entity IDs for that specific entity. Sets can also be generated as sets of sets, or lists of set IDs. Sets are shown under the Set folder within the Model Browser. The Set Browser can be used to create, edit, and review sets. Sets do not have a display state. Sets have an active and export state. The active state of a set controls the listing of the set in the Model Browsers and any of its views. If a set entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browsers and any of its views. If a set entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browsers or any of its views. The export state of a set entity controls wether or not that set is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a set. The active and export states of set entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with sets can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit sets: Entity Sets

Solver Card Support for Sets RADIOSS (Block Format)

Note: Sets of different types but with the same ID are supported. Supported Card

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Solver Description

Supported

Notes

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Parameters /GRBEAM

Describes the beam groups.

/GRBEAM/BEAM /GRBEAM/ GRBEAM /GRBEAM/MAT /GRBEAM/PART /GRBEAM/PROP /GRBEAM/SUBSET /GRBRIC

Describes the brick groups.

/GRBRIC/BRIC /GRBRIC/GRBRIC /GRBRIC/MAT /GRBRIC/PART /GRBRIC/PROP /GRBRIC/SUBSET /GRNOD

Describes a node group

/GRNOD/GENE /GRNOD/GRBEAM /GRNOD/GRBRIC /GRNOD/GRQUAD /GRNOD/GRSH3N /GRNOD/GRSHEL

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/GRNOD/GRSPRI /GRNOD/GRTRUS /GRNOD/MAT /GRNOD/NODE /GRNOD/NODENS /GRNOD/PART /GRNOD/PROP /GRNOD/SUBSET /GRNOD/SURF /GRQUAD

Describes the quad groups.

/GRQUAD/GRQUAD /GRQUAD/QUAD /GRQUAD/MAT /GRQUAD/PART /GRQUAD/PROP /GRQUAD/SUBSET /GRPART

Part set.

/GRSH3N

Describes the 3 node shell groups.

/GRSH3N/GRSH3N /GRSH3N/MAT /GRSH3N/PART /GRSH3N/PROP

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/GRSH3N/SH3N /GRSH3N/SUBSET /GRSHEL

Describes the shell groups.

/GRSHEL/GRSHEL /GRSHEL/MAT /GRSHEL/PART /GRSHEL/PROP /GRSHEL/SHEL /GRSHEL/SUBSET /GRSPRI

Describes the spring groups.

/GRSPRI/GRSPRI /GRSPRI/PART /GRSPRI/PROP /GRSPRI/SPRI /GRSPRI/SUBSET /GRTRUS

Describes the truss groups.

/GRTRUS/GRTRUS /GRTRUS/MAT /GRTRUS/PART /GRTRUS/PROP /GRTRUS/SUBSET /GRTRUS/TRUS /LINE

Definition of the line.

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/LINE/EDGE /LINE/GRBEAM /LINE/GRTRUS /LINE/MAT /LINE/PROP /LINE/SURF /SURF

Describes the surface definition.

/SURF/GRSHELL /SURF/MAT /SURF/MAT/ALL /SURF/MAT/EXT /SURF/PART /SURF/PART/ALL /SURF/PART/EXT /SURF/PROP /SURF/PROP/ALL /SURF/PROP/EXT /SURF/SRSH3N /SURF/SUBSET /SURF/SUBSET/ ALL /SURF/SUBSET/ EXT

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/SURF/SURF

RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) sets are represented in HyperMesh as entity sets, and are controlled in the Entity Sets panel. The sets can be composed of grids, elements, design variables, MBD entities, mode numbers, frequencies or times for reference by other input definitions. In addition to the definition of entity sets through the explicit selection of the constituents, it is possible to define a set of nodes or a set of elements through a combination of formulaic expressions. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

MBDCRV

Defines an ordered list of grids as a Multi-body Deformable Curve.

MBDSRF

Defines a Multi-body Deformable Surface.

MBPCRV

Defines a Multi-body Parametric Curve using node sets.

PANEL

Defines up to four sets of grid points as panels for panel participation output for a frequency response analysis of a coupled fluid-structural model.

n/a

SET

Defines a set of grids, elements, design variables, MBD entities, mode numbers, frequencies or times for reference by other input definitions.

SET_DESVAR Contains design variables

Notes

Sets of integer and real values are supported as entity sets.

SET_ELEM Contains elements, properties, blocks or materials. SET_FREQ Contains real values. SET_GRID Contains nodes or

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blocks. SET_MODE Contains real values. SET_TIME Contains real values.

Note:

Sets that are created in HyperMesh are maintained on I/O by using $HMSET comment cards.

Abaqus

Sets can be created of nodes, elements, components, and other sets. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*DISTRIBUTION

Define spatial distributions

LOCATION

Notes

NAME TYPE *ELSET

*EMBEDDED ELEMENT

Assign elements to an element set

ELSET

Specify an element or a group of elements that lie embedded in a group of “host” elements in a model

ABSOLUTE EXTERIOR TOLERANCE

GENERATE

EXTERIOR TOLERANCE HOST ELSET ROUNDOFF TOLERANCE

*NODAL THICKNESS

Define shell or membrane thickness at nodes

GENERATE

*NSET

Assign nodes to a node set

NSET ELSET GENERATE UNSORTED

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Sets can be specified directly from nodes and elements in the model or by a formula. Sets of sets and components are also supported in Abaqus templates. To create sets that contain a combination of sets and individual nodes or elements, select the add by IDs option in a formula-based set. A User Comments block is supported for all sets. See the information below on how to add comments to any set card image. These comments will be preserved during import and export of the Abaqus input deck. Sets using the GENERATE parameter can be expanded upon imported using the Expand sets defined by range solver option in the Import panel. This is useful for when node/element IDs are renumbered during import. ANSYS

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

CMGRP

Groups components and assemblies into an assembly.

Name

This is supported as sets of sets.

LS-DYNA

The default LS-DYNA attribute values for the set can be edited. Individual values cannot be edited. Supported Card

Solver Description

*DEFINE_HEX_SPO Assembly of elements that TWELD describes a spotweld. _ASSEMBLY

Supported Parameters

Notes

Title

*DEFINE_HEX_SPO TWELD _ASSEMBLY_N *SET_BEAM(TITLE)

Define a set of beam elements.

DA1-DA4 GenerateOption Title

*SET_BEAM_ADD

Define a beam set by combining beam sets.

Title

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*SET_BEAM_GENE Generates a block of beam RATE element IDs between a (TITLE) starting ID and an ending ID.

DA1 - DA4

*SET_DISCRETE (TITLE)

DA1 - DA4

Define a set of discrete elements.

NBEG, NEND Title

GenerateOption Title

*SET_DISCRETE_A DD

Define a discrete set by combining discrete sets.

Title

*SET_DISCRETE_ GENERATE(TITLE)

Generates a block of discrete DA1 - DA4 element IDs between a NBEG, NEND starting ID and an ending ID. Title

*SET_NODE_ADD

Define a node set by combining node sets.

A1 - A4

*SET_NODE_ADD_ ADVANCED

Define a node set by combining node sets or by combining NODE, SHELL, SOLID, BEAM, SEGMENT, DISCRETE and THICK SHELL sets.

A1 - A4

*SET_NODE_COLU MN

Define a nodal set with some identical or unique attributes.

DA1 - DA4

Title

Title

A1 - A4 Title

*SET_NODE_LIST (TITLE)

Define a nodal set with some identical or unique attributes.

DA1 - DA4

*SET_NODE_LIST_ GENERATE(TITLE)

Generate a block of node IDs between a starting nodal ID number and an ending nodal ID number.

DA1 - DA4

*SET_PART_ADD

Define a part set by combining part sets.

Title

*SET_PART_COLU MN (TITLE)

Define a set of parts with optional attributes.

DA1 - DA4

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Options (None, Generate, Column)

NBEG, NEND Title

A1 - A4 Title

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*SET_PART_LIST_ GENERATE(TITLE)

DA1 - DA4 Generate a block of part IDs between a starting part ID NBEG, NEND number and an ending part ID Title number.

*SET_SEGMENT_ GENERAL

Definition of contact surface from parts, elements, box.

n/a

*SET_SHELL_ADD

Define a shell set by combining shell sets.

Title

*SET_SHELL_COLU Define a set of shell elements DA1 - DA4 MN with optional identical or A1 - A4 unique attributes. Title *SET_SHELL_LIST (TITLE)

Define a set of shell elements DA1 - DA4 with optional identical or Options (None, unique attributes. Generate, Column) Title

*SET_SHELL_LIST_ Define a set of shell elements DA1 - DA4 GENERATE(TITLE) with optional identical or NBEG, NEND unique attributes. Title *SET_SOLID(TITLE)

Define a set of solid elements.

DA1 - DA4 GenerateOption Title

*SET_SOLID_ADD

Define a solid set by combining solid sets.

Title

*SET_SOLID_GENE RAL *SET_SOLID_GENE Generate a block of solid RATE element IDs between a (TITLE) starting ID and an ending ID.

DA1 - DA4

*SET_TSHELL (TITLE)

DA1 - DA4

Define a set of thick shell elements.

NBEG, NEND

GenerateOption Title

*SET_TSHELL_GEN ERAL

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*SET_TSHELL_GEN Generate a block of thick ERATE shell element IDs between a (TITLE) starting ID and an ending ID.

Set_Title DA1 - DA4 NBEG, NEND

MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

GROUP_FE

Assembles a selected set of finite element objects within an FE model into a group.

FE_MODEL

GROUP_MB

Assembles a selected set of multibody objects into a group.

BODY_LIST

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

MARC

Supported Card

DEFINE OSET

Nastran

Supported Card

BNDFREE1 CSUPER

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C Defines the grid or scalar SSID, PSID point connections for identical or mirror image superelements or superelements from an

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external source. CSUPEXT

Assigns exterior points to a superelement.

SEID

PANEL

Defines one or more panels by referencing sets of grid points, elements or properties.

NAME, SETID,

SEBNDRY

Defines a list of grid points in SEIDB Options (ALL, a partitioned superelement for VALUE) the automatic boundary search between a specified superelement or between all other superelements in the model.

SEBSET1

Defines boundary degrees-of- SEID, C freedom to be fixed (b-set) during generalized dynamic reduction or component mode calculations.

SECSET1

Defines boundary degrees-of- SEID, C freedom to be free (c-set) ALL during generalized dynamic reduction or component mode synthesis calculations.

SEQSET1

Defines the generalized SEID, C degrees-of-freedom of the superelement to be used in generalized dynamic reduction or component mode synthesis.

SESET

Defines interior grid points for a superelement.

SEID

SET

Defines a set of element or grid point numbers to be plotted.

ID

SET1

Defines a list of structural grid ID points or element SKIN identification numbers.

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Node and element sets supported with the THRU option.

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SEUSET1

Note:

Defines a degree-of-freedom set for a superelement.

SEID, SNAME, C

When reading input decks that were not created in HyperMesh, an attempt is made to create two sets for each set found: one containing elements and one containing nodes. You can delete the unnecessary set. Sets that are created are maintained as node or element sets by using $HMSET comment cards.

PAM-CRASH 2G

During import, entity sets are automatically generated. PAM-CRASH 2G cards with general entity selection generate entity sets.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

GES / GROUP /

Keyword selection

PAM-CRASH 2G GROUP / card and general entity selection (GES) are mapped as set of sets. A set is created if only one keyword is used. A set of sets is created in the following cases: If the definition uses more than one keyword. Unresolved groups are used in the definition. More than one GRP keyword is present in the definition. A GROUP definition is

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always implemented as set of set. In card previewer a toggle switches between PAMCRASH 2G GROUP and General Entity Selection.

PERMAS

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

ESET

Definition of new element sets. An element set may be defined by a list of element numbers or other element set names or using some generation rules.

NAME DESCRIPTION

ESETBIN

Definition of element set bins. NAME An element set bin is defined DESCRIPTION by a list of element set names.

NSET

Definition of new node sets. A NAME node set may be defined by a DESCRIPTION list of node numbers or other node set names or using some generation rules.

NSETBIN

Definition of node set bins. A node set bin is defined by a list of node set names.

SFSET

Notes

NAME DESCRIPTION

Definition of new surface sets. NAME A surface set may be defined DESCRIPTION by a list of surface numbers or other surface set names or using some generation rules.

Samcef

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

.SEL NOE

Defines a set of grids

GROUP, NOM, NŒUD, MAILLE

.SEL MAI

Defines a set of elements

GROUP, NOM, MAILLE

Notes

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Model Setup

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Tags Tag entities are used to tag a piece of information, called the body, onto a node or element within the model. Tags are shown under the Tag folder within the Model Browser. Tags have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a tag in the graphics area. The display state of a tag can be controlled using the icon next to the tag entity in the Model Browser. Tags also have an active and export state. The active state of a tag controls the display state of the tag and the listing of the tag in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a tag entity is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a tag entity is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a tag entity controls wether or not that tag is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a tag. The active and export states of tag entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with tags can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit tags: Tags

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Model Setup

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Titles Title entities are used attach a title box with text to the graphics area, or to node, element, load, or system. If attached to a node, element, load, or system the title moves with the model. If attached to the graphics area the title is static. Titles are shown under the Title folder within the Model Browser. Titles have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a title in the graphics area. The display state of a title can be controlled using the icon next to the tag entity in the Model Browser. Titles also have an active and export state. The active state of a title controls the display state of the title and the listing of the title in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a title entity is active, then its display state is available to be turned on or off and it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a title entity is inactive, then its display state is turned off permanently and it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a title entity controls wether or not that title is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a title. The active and export states of title entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with titles can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

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The following panels can be used to create and edit titles: Titles

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Model Setup

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Morphing Entities HyperMorph contains a wide array of functionality for morphing the shape FE models. HyperMorph utilizes six exclusive morphing entities; domains, handles, morph constraints, morph volumes, shapes, and symmetries. While all the entities and functions are fully compatible, and may be used in a complementary fashion, they can be divided into three basic approaches to morphing; the domains and handles concept, the morph volume concept, and the freehand concept. Each approach has its own strengths and weaknesses when dealing with the numerous applications of morphing and you are advised to gain a basic understanding of each approach so that you can decide which approach is best for your needs. The morphing chapter is intended to illustrate the capabilities of HyperMorph and introduce you to both the basic and advanced functionality to help you get the most out of the tool.

Morphing Entities Domains Handles Morph Constraints Morph Volumes Shapes Symmetries

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Morphing

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Domains Domain entities are used in the domains and handles concept to morphing by dividing the model into domains. Handles are then used to control the domains shape. When the handles associated with a domain move, the shape of the domain changes, which in turn changes the positions of the nodes inside those domains. There are two groups of domains; global and local domains. Local domains have several types including; 1D, 2D, 3D, edge, and general domains. All types of domains are shown under the Domain folder within the Model Browser. Domains have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a domain in the graphics area. The display state of a domain can be controlled using the icon next to the domain entity in the Model Browser. Domains do not have active or export states.

The following panels can be used to create and edit domains: Domains

See also Model Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Morphing The Domains and Handles Concept

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Handles Handle entities are used in the domains and handles concept to morphing by dividing the model into domains. Handles are then used to control the domains shape. When the handles associated with a domain move, the shape of the domain changes, which in turn changes the positions of the nodes inside those domains. Handles are associated to their domains. Global handles are red and are associated to global domains. Local handles are orange and are associated to local domains. Both global and local handles can have dependent handles which are of varying colors and sizes as defined in the topic dependent handles. All types of handles are shown under the Handle folder within the Model Browser. Handles have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a handle in the graphics area. The display state of a handle can be controlled using the icon next to the handle entity in the Model Browser. Handles do not have active or export states.

The following panels can be used to create and edit handles: Handles

See also Dependent Handles Model Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces

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Morphing The Domains and Handles Concept

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Morph Constraints Morph constraint entities are used to restrict the movement of nodes during morphing operations. The following types of morph constraints can be applied to any node: fixed, cluster, along vector, on plane, along line, on surface, and on elements. Morph constraints are shown under the MorphingCoinstraint folder within the Model Browser. Morph constraints have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a morph constraint in the graphics area. The display state of a morph constraint can be controlled using the icon next to the morph constraint entity in the Model Browser. Morph constrains do not have active or export states.

The following panels can be used to create and edit morph constrains: Morph Constraints

See also Model Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Morphing Using Constraints

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Morph Volumes Morph volume entities are highly deformable six-sided prisms which surround a portion of the FE mesh. Morph volumes support tangency between adjoining edges and allow for multiple control points along their edges. Handles placed at the corners and along the edges of the morph volumes allow for the morphing of the morph volumes which in turn morphs the mesh inside the morph volumes. Morph volumes are shown under the MorphingVolume folder within the Model Browser. Morph volumes have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a morph volume in the graphics area. The display state of a morph volume can be controlled using the icon next to the morph volume entity in the Model Browser. Morph volumes do not have active or export states.

The following panels can be used to create and edit morph volumes: Morph Volumes

See also Model Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Morphing The Morph Volume Concept

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Shapes Shape entities are collections of handle and/or node perturbations from the initial configuration of the FE mesh before the morph. When you morph your model, HyperMorph stores the morph internally as a collection of perturbations which you can then undo, redo, and/or save as a shape. Shapes are shown under the Shape folder within the Model Browser. Shapes have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a shape in the graphics area. The display state of a shape can be controlled using the icon next to the shape entity in the Model Browser. Shapes do not have active or export states.

The following panels can be used to create and edit shapes: Morph Freehand Shapes

See also Model Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Morphing Working with Shapes

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Symmetries Symmetry entities are utilized to define planes of symmetry within a model so that morphs can be applied in a symmetric fashion. Symmetries are shown under the Symmetry folder within the Model Browser. Symmetries have a display state, on or off, which controls the display of a symmetry in the graphics area. The display state of a symmetry can be controlled using the icon next to the symmetry entity in the Model Browser. Symmetries do not have active or export states.

The following panels can be used to create and edit symmetries: Symmetry

See also Model Browser HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Morphing

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Optimization Entities A wide array of functionality exists for setting up optimization problems. There are twelve exclusive optimization entities listed below. The optimization chapter is intended to illustrate the capabilities available for setting up optimization problems.

Optimization Entities Design Variables Design Variable Links Design Variable Property Relationships Discrete Design Variables Optimization Responses Optimization Constraints Optimization Equations Optimization Table Entries Objectives Objective References Optimization Constraint Screenings Optimization Controls

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Design Variables Design variable entities are used to define and store design variables for optimization problems. Design variables are shown under the DesignVariable folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Design variables do not have a display state. Design variables have an active and export state. The active state of a design variable controls the listing of the design variable in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a design variable entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a design variable entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a design variable entity controls whether or not that design variable is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a design variable. The active and export states of design variable entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with design variables can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit design variables: Topology Topography Free Size Free Shape Composite Size Size Gauge Shape

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Solver Card Support for Design Variables RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. The optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) or OptiStruct user profile is loaded. Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

DCOMP

Manufacturing constraints for composite sizing optimization. Supported as a designvariable entity.

Defined in the Composite Size panel.

DESVAR

Design variable definition. Supported as a designvariable entity.

Explicitly defined in the Size panel. Also defined automatically by the Gauge panel and the Shape panel.

DSHAPE

Free-shape design variable definition. Supported as a designvariable entity.

Defined in the Free Shape panel.

Solid surface nodes or shell edge nodes may be selected as free-shape design regions. DSHUFFLE

Parameters for the generation of composite shuffling design variables. Supported as a designvariable entity.

Defined in the Composite Shuffle panel.

DSIZE

Free-size design variable definition. Supported as a designvariable entity.

Defined in the Free Size panel.

PCOMP, PCOMPG, and PSHELL components may be selected as free-size design regions.

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DTPG

Topography design variable definition. Supported as a designvariable entity.

Defined in the Topography panel.

PSHELL, PCOMP and PCOMPG components as well as predefined shape design variables may be selected as topography design regions. DTPL

Topology design variable definition. Supported as a designvariable entity.

Defined in the Topology panel.

PBAR, PBUSH, PCOMP, PCOMPG, PROD, PSHELL, PSOLID, PWELD can be selected. DVGRID

Perturbation vector definition for shape optimization. Automatically defined on export, when HyperMorph shapes are used to generate shape design variables in the shape panel.

Exported in large field format by both the optistruct and optistructlf templates.

Defined in the shape panel.

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization panel. Supported Card

Solver Description

DESVAR

Defines a design variable for design optimization.

Design variable definition

DLINK

Relates one design variable to one or more other design variables.

Design variable link

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Supported Parameters

Notes

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See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Design Variable Links Design variable link entities are used to define links between design variables for optimization problems. Design variable links are shown under the DesignVariableLink folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Design variable links do not have a display state. Design variable links have an active and export state. The active state of a design variable link controls the listing of the design variable link in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a design variable link entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a design variable link entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a design variable link entity controls whether or not that design variable link is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a design variable link. The active and export states of design variable link entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with design variable links can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit design variable links: Desvar Link

Solver Card Support for Design Variable Links RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

DLINK

Design variable link. Supported as a designvariablelink entity.

designvariablelink

Defined in the Desvar Link panel.

Used to define links between DESVARs. DLINK2

Defines a link of one design variable to one or more other design variables defined by a DEQATN card.

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder functions. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization drop down menu.

Supported Card

Solver Description

DLINK

Relates one design variable to one or more other design variables.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Design variable link

DLINK2

See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Design Variable Property Relationships Design variable property relationship entities are used to define relationships between design variables and properties for optimization problems. Design variable property relationships are shown under the DesignVariablePropertyRelationship folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Design variable property relationships do not have a display state. Design variables property relationships have an active and export state. The active state of a design variable property relationship controls the listing of the design variable property relationship in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a design variable property relationship entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a design variable property relationship entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a design variable property relationship entity controls whether or not that design variable property relationship is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a design variable property relationship. The active and export states of design variable property relationship entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with design variable property relationships can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit design variable property relationships: Size Gauge

Solver Card Support for Design Variable Property Relationships RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as

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objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded. Supported Card

Solver Description

DVCREL1

Generic design variable to connectivity property relationship. Supported as a designvariablepropertyrelation ship entity.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Defined in the generic relationship subpanel of the Size panel.

CBAR, CELAS2, CELAS4, CMASS2, CMASS4, CDAMP2, CDAMP4, CONM1, CONM2, CONROD, CQUAD4, CTRIA3, CQUAD8, CTRIA6 elements can be selected. DVCREL2

Generic design variable to connectivity property relationship. Supported as a designvariablepropertyrelation ship entity.

Defined in the function relationship subpanel of the Size panel.

CBAR, CELAS2, CELAS4, CMASS2, CMASS4, CDAMP2, CDAMP4, CONM1, CONM2, CONROD, CQUAD4, CTRIA3, CQUAD8, CTRIA6 elements can be selected. DVMREL1

Generic design variable to material relationship. Supported as a designvariablepropertyrelation ship entity.

Defined in the generic relationship subpanel of the Size panel.

MAT1, MAT2, MAT8 and MAT9 materials can be selected. DVMREL2

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Function design variable to material relationship. Supported as a designvariablepropertyrelation ship entity.

Defined in the function relationship subpanel of the Size panel. Requires a dequation definition.

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MAT1, MAT2, MAT8 and MAT9 materials can be selected. DVPREL1

DVPREL2

Generic design variable to property relationship. Supported as a designvariablepropertyrelation ship entity. PBAR, PBARL, PBEAM, PBEAML, PBUSH, PCOMP, PCOMPG*, PCOMPP, PDAMP, PELAS, PMASS, PROD, PSHEAR, PSHELL, PVISC properties and PLY entities can be selected.

Defined in the generic relationship subpanel of the Size panel.

Function design variable to property relationship. Supported as a designvariablepropertyrelation ship entity. PBAR, PBARL, PBEAM, PBEAML, PBUSH, PCOMP, PCOMPG*, PCOMPP, PDAMP, PELAS, PMASS, PROD, PSHEAR, PSHELL, PVISC properties and PLY entities can be selected.

Defined in the function relationship subpanel of the Size panel. Requires a dequation definition.

Automatically defined in the Gauge panel for shell or ply thickness and ply orientations. * For PCOMPG, either global plies or property specific plies may be selected.

* For PCOMPG, either global plies or property specific plies may be selected

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder functions. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization menu. Supported Card

Solver Description

DVCREL1

Defines the relation between a connectivity property and design variables.

Supported Parameters

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Notes

Generic Property

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DVCREL2

Defines the relation between a connectivity property and design variables with a user-supplied equation.

DVMREL1

Defines the relation between a material property and design variables

DVMREL2

Defines the relation between a material property and design variables with a user-supplied equation

DVPREL1

Defines the relation between an analysis model property and design variables.

Generic Property

DVPREL2

Defines the relation between an analysis model property and design variables with a usersupplied equation.

Function Property

See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Discrete Design Variables Discrete design variable entities are used to define and store discrete design variables for optimization problems. Discrete design variables are shown under the DiscreteDesignVariable folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Discrete design variables do not have a display state. Discrete design variables have an active and export state. The active state of a discrete design variable controls the listing of the discrete design variable in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a discrete design variable entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If a discrete design variable entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of a discrete design variable entity controls whether or not that discrete design variable is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a discrete design variable. The active and export states of discrete design variable entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with discrete design variables can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit discrete design variables: Discrete DVS

Solver Card Support for Discrete Design Variables RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

DDVAL

Discrete design variable value lists. Supported as a ddval entity.

Notes

Defined in the Discrete DVS panel.

Nastran

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the Nastran user profile is loaded.

Supported Card

DDVAL

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

Define real, discrete design variable values for discrete variable optimization. Supported as a ddval entity.

Defined in the Discrete DVSpanel.

See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Optimization Responses Optimization response entities are used to define and store model responses for optimization problems. Optimization responses are shown under the OptimizationResponse folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Optimization responses do not have a display state. Optimization responses have an active and export state. The active state of an optimization response controls the listing of the optimization response in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization response entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization response entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of an optimization response entity controls whether or not that optimization response is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of an optimization response. The active and export states of optimization response entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with optimization responses can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit optimization responses: Responses

Solver Card Support for Optimization Responses RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem.

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All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

DRESP1

Generic response. Supported as a response entity.

Defined in the Responses panel. (All response types except function).

DRESP2

Function response. Supported as a response entity.

Defined in the Responses panel. (Use function response type).

DSYSID

Design objective for target optimization

Defined in the Responses panel.

MODEWEIGHT

The weighting applied to modes for response types WFREQ, COMB. Automatically created within relevant subcase definitions on export.

Defined in the Responses panel for WFREQ and COMB response types

WEIGHT

The weighting applied to compliances for response types WCOMP, COMB. Automatically created within relevant subcase definitions on export.

Defined in the Responses panel for WCOMP and COMB response types.

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder functions. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization menu.

Supported Card

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Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

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DRESP1

Defines a set of structural responses that is used in the design either as constraints or as an objective.

Generic response

DRESP2

Defines equation responses that are used in the design, either as constraints or as an objective.

Function response

See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Optimization Constraints Optimization constraint entities are used to define and store constraints on model responses for optimization problems. Optimization constraints are shown under the OptimizationConstraint folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Optimization constraints do not have a display state. Optimization constraints have an active and export state. The active state of an optimization constraint controls the listing of the optimization constraint in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization constraint entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization constraint entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of an optimization constraint entity controls whether or not that optimization constraint is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of an optimization constraint. The active and export states of optimization constraint entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with optimization constraints can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit optimization constraints: Dconstraints

Solver Card Support for Optimization Constraints RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format, OptiStruct)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives.

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Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

DCONADD

Collects constraints. DCONADD do not exist within the database, they are created automatically on export for opticonstraint entities.

DCONSTR

A constraint definition, defining lower and/or upper bounds for a response. Supported as an opticonstraint entity.

Defined in the Dconstraints panel.

DESGLB

Global constraint selection. Automatically created on export for opticonstraints that do not require a loadstep (subcase) selection.

opticonstraints are defined in the Dconstraints panel.

DESSUB

Subcase dependent constraint selection. Automatically created on export when a loadstep (subcase) is selected in an opticonstraint definition.

opticonstraints are defined in the Dconstraints panel.

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder functions. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization drop down menu.

Supported Card

Solver Description

DCONADD

Defines the design constraints

Supported Parameters

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Notes

Collects constraints

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for a subcase as a union of DCONSTR entries. DCONSTR

Defines design constraints.

Constraint to define lower and upper bounds

DESGLB

Selects the design constraints to be applied at the global level in a design optimization task.

Global constraint; belongs in the subcase section

DESSUB

Selects the design constraints to be used in a design optimization task for the current subcase.

Constraint dependent on the load step; Belongs in the subcase section

See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Optimization Equations Optimization equation entities are used to define and store equations for optimization problems. Optimization equations are shown under the OptimizationFunction folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Optimization equations do not have a display state. Optimization equations have an active and export state. The active state of an optimization equation controls the listing of the optimization constraint in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization equation entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization equation entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of an optimization equation entity controls whether or not that optimization equation is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of an optimization equation. The active and export states of optimization equation entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with optimization equations can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit optimization equations: Dequations

Solver Card Support for Optimization Equations RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

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Supported Card

Solver Description

DEQATN

Equations referenced on DRESP2, DVPREL2. Supported as an optimizationequation entity.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Defined in the Dequations panel.

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder functions. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization menu.

Supported Card

Solver Description

DEQATN

Defines one or more equations for use in design sensitivity or pelement analysis.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Equations referenced on DRESP2, DVPREL2

See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Optimization Table Entries Optimization table entry entities are used to define and store table data for optimization problems. Optimization table entries are shown under the OptimizationTableEntry folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Optimization table entries do not have a display state. Optimization table entries have an active and export state. The active state of an optimization table entry controls the listing of the optimization table entry in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization table entry entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization table entry entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of an optimization table entry entity controls whether or not that optimization table entry is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of an optimization table entry. The active and export states of optimization table entry entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with optimization table entries can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit optimization table entries: Table Entries

Solver Card Support for Optimization Table Entries RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

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Supported Card

Solver Description

DTABLE

Table entries referenced on DRESP2, DVPREL2. Supported as a optimizationtableentries entity.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Defined in the Table Entries panel.

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder functions. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization menu.

Supported Card

Solver Description

DTABLE

Defines a table of real constants that are used in equations (see DEQATN entry).

Supported Parameters

Notes

Table entries referenced on DRESP2, DVPREL2

See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Objectives Objective entities are used to define and store an objective for an optimization problem. Each optimization problem can only have one objective. Objectives are shown under the Objective folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Objectives do not have a display state. Objectives have an active and export state. The active state of an objective controls the listing of the objective in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an objective entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an objective entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of an objective entity controls whether or not that objective is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of an objective. The active and export states of objective entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with objectives can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit objectives: Objective

Solver Card Support for Objectives RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives.

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Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

DESOBJ

Objective function, can occur before the first SUBCASE statement or within a subcase (depending on the response type). Supported as an objective.

objective

Defined in the Objective panel.

MINMAX MAXMIN

Objective functions for minmax (maxmin) problems. Supported as an objective.

Defined in the Objective panel.

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder functions. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization menu. Supported Card

Solver Description

DESOBJ

Selects the DRESP1 or DRESP2 entry to be used as the design objective.

MAXMIN

Objective functions for maxmin problems.

MINMAX

Objective functions for minmax problems.

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Supported Parameters

Notes

Objective function, can be in or out of the load step; Belongs in the subcase section

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See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Objective References Objective reference entities are used to define and store objective references for an optimization problem. Objective references are shown under the DesignObjectiveReference folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Objective references do not have a display state. Objective references have an active and export state. The active state of an objective reference controls the listing of the objective reference in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an objective reference entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an objective reference entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of an objective reference entity controls whether or not that objective reference is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of an objective reference. The active and export states of objective reference entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with objective references can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit objective references: OBJ Reference

Solver Card Support for Objective References RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives.

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Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

Supported Card

Solver Description

DOBJREF

Reference definition for minmax (maxmin) optimization problems. Supported as an objectivereference.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Defined in the Obj Reference panel.

See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Optimization Constraint Screenings Optimization constraint screening entities are used to define and store constraint screening data for optimization problems. Optimization constraint screenings are shown under the OptidScreens folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Optimization constraint screenings do not have a display state. Optimization constraint screenings have an active and export state. The active state of an optimization constraint screening controls the listing of the optimization constraint screening in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization constraint screening entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization constraint screening entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of an optimization constraint screening entity controls whether or not that optimization constraint screening is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of a optimization constraint screening. The active and export states of optimization constraint screening entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with optimization constraint screenings can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit optimization constraint screenings: Constr Screen

Solver Card Support for Optimization Constraint Screenings RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format, OptiStruct)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem.

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All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

Supported Card

Solver Description

DSCREEN

Constraint screening. Supported as an optimizationconstraintscreenin g entity.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Defined in the Constr Screen panel.

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder functions. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization menu.

Supported Card

Solver Description

DSCREEN

Defines screening data for constraint deletion.

Supported Parameters

Notes

Constraint screening

See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Optimization Controls Optimization control entities are used to define and store controls for optimization problem run. Optimization controls are shown under the OptiControls folder within the Model Browser. The Optimization Browser View can be utilized to create, edit, and delete optimization problems. Optimization controls do not have a display state. Optimization controls have an active and export state. The active state of an optimization control controls the listing of the optimization control in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization control entity is active, then it is listed in the Model Browser and any of its views. If an optimization control entity is inactive, then it is not listed in the Model Browser or any of its views. The export state of an optimization control entity controls whether or not that optimization control is exported when the custom export option is utilized. The all export option is not affected by the export state of an optimization control. The active and export states of optimization control entities can be controlled using the Entity State Browser. The data names associated with optimization controls can be found in the data names section of the HyperMesh Reference Guide.

The following panels can be used to create and edit optimization controls: Opti Control

Solver Card Support for Optimization Entities RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format, OptiStruct)

An optimization problem is set up by defining responses, which are in turn constrained or set as objectives. Design variables identify the varying quantities in an optimization problem. All of the optimization panels are available from the Optimization menu when the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile is loaded.

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Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

DOPTPRM

Optimization control card. Supported as an optimizationcontrol entity.

optimizationcontrol

Defined in the Opti Control panel. If an unsupported argument is encountered on importing a DOPTPRM card, the data is stored as UNSUPPORTED_DO PTPRM on the DOPTPRM card. This may be reviewed or edited through the card editor. It is also possible to create an unsupported DOPTPRM card using the UNSUPPORTED_DO PTPRM option on the opticontrol card image.

Nastran

Some of the functionality of the optimization capability is general. This includes the equation utility, delete, rename, renumber, and reorder functions. To set up an optimization problem, responses, an objective function and constraints need to be defined. Further, design variables need to be defined. The optimization panels have separate Delete, Rename, Renumber, and Reorder panels to manipulate optimization entries. These can be reached through the Optimization menu.

Supported Card

Solver Description

DOPTPRM

Overrides default values of parameters used in design optimization.

Supported Parameters

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Notes

Optimization control card

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See also Optimization Browser View Entity State Browser Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Include Files Optimization

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Control Cards Control card entities are used to create solver control cards such as results file I/O options, CPU and memory limits, and others. A solver interface template must be loaded which defines control cards in order to create and edit control cards. Control cards are shown under the Card folder within the Model Browser. The following panels can be used to create and edit control cards: Control Cards

Solver Card Support for Control Cards RADIOSS (Block Format)

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

/ADMESH/GLOBAL Defines the global parameters. /ALE/DISP

Describes the displacement formulation.

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/ALE/DONEA

Describes the ALE grid velocity.

/ALE/SPRING

Describes the spring formulation.

/ALE/STANDARD

Describes the standard formulation.

/ALE/ZERO

Describes the Euler formulation.

/AMS

Description of advanced mass scaling in the model

/ANALY

Describes the analysis flags.

/ARCH

Describes the architecture flag.

/BEGIN

Sets the run name, the version of the input manual, the number of Starter run and input and work unit systems.

/CAA

Describes the computation Aero-Acoustic formulation.

/DAMP

Describes the Rayleigh damping.

/DEF_SHELL

Describes the shell default values initialization.

/DEF_SOLID

Describes the solid default values initialization.

/INISTA

Describes the initial state file.

/IOFLAG

Describes the input-output flags.

/MEMORY

Describes the memory request.

/RANDOM

Describes the nodal random

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noise. /SPHGLO

Describes the SPH global parameters.

/SPMD

Describes the SPMD computation.

/STAMPING

Improvement of error messages for stamping applications

/TITLE

Describes the title.

/UNIT

Describes the local unit system.

/UPWIND

Describes the upwind coefficient.

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

Control cards are used to support many different things for the RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct user profile. The following I/O option entries are supported as control cards when appearing before the first SUBCASE statement. In many cases, information supplied on these entries is overridden by repeated definitions within subcases.

Supported Card

Solver Description

ACCELERATION

Controls the output of acceleration results

Supported Parameters

Notes

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

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ANALYSIS

Flag indicating that only analysis is to be performed (i. e. no optimization), CHECK overrides ANALYSIS.

Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

CHECK

Flag indicating that only a check run is to be performed (i.e. no analysis or optimization). CHECK overrides ANALYSIS.

CONTF

Subcase information for explicit analysis

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST.

CSTRAIN

Controls the output of strain results for composite shells.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

CSTRESS

Controls the output of stress results for composite shells.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

DAMAGE

Controls the output of fatigue damage results.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

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DENSITY

Controls the output of density results from a topology or freesize optimization.

DENSRES

Controls the output of density results from a topology or freesize optimization.

DESHIS

Controls the creation of the . hgdata file.

DISPLACEMENT

Controls the output of displacement (and rotation) results.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

DMIGNAME

Defines the name given to the reduced matrices written to an external data file.

ECHO

Controls the echo of input data to the .out or .echo files.

EIGVNAME

Defines the prefix to be used for the saving and retrieval of external eigenvalue data files.

ELFORCE

Controls the output of element force results.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

ENERGY

Subcase information for explicit analysis

ESE

Controls the output of element

FORMAT

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Found under

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strain energy results.

TYPE

GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST.

DMIG ESE_V1

FLUX

Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

Controls the gradient and flux output for heat transfer analysis.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

FORMAT

Controls the format of results output.

Formats are: H3D (default), HM, FLX, OPTI, OUTPUT2, PUNCH, PATRAN, APATRAN, NONE.

GPFORCE

Controls the output of grid point force results.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

GPSTRESS

Controls the output of grid point stress results (available for PSOLID components only).

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

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HISOUT

Controls the contents of the . hgdata file.

INFILE

When using the two-file setup, INFILE indicates the prefix of the file containing the bulk data information.

Its extension must be . fem.

LIFE

Controls the output of fatigue life results.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

LOADLIB

Defines the libraries to be loaded for external responses (DRESP3).

MBFORCE

Requests force output for a set of joints and/or force elements from multi-body dynamics subcases.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST.

MODEL

Requests output for all formats for only a subset of the model and results.

This option is intended for multi-body dynamics and transient solution sequences with which users often require results for only a subsection of a model, but it is applied to all solution sequences.

MPCFORCES

Controls the output of MPC force results.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

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MSGLMT

OFREQUENCY

Can be used in the I/O Options section to limit the number of ERROR, WARNING and INFORMATION messages output, or to elevate a WARNING or INFORMATION message to an ERROR.

TYPE (ERROR, WARNING) VALUE (OFF, NONE) TYPE_ID VALUE_INT

Defines a set of frequencies at which results are output for frequency response analysis.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

OLOAD

Controls the output of applied force results.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

OTIME

Defines a set of times at which results are output for transient analysis.

OUTFILE

Defines the path to, and the prefix of, the results files output by RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct.

OUTPUT

Controls the frequency and format of results output by RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct.

PFGRID

Can be used in the I/O Options section to request output of acoustic grid participation factors for all frequency response subcases.

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Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST.

GRIDS (SETG_SID) GRIDF (SETFL_SID) FREQUENCY (SETF_SID)

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NULL RPCUTOFF PFMODE

Can be used in the I/O Options section to request output of modal participation factors for all frequency response subcases.

STRUCTURE (STRUCTMP, FREQUENCY, FILTER, NULL, RPCUTOFF) FLUID (FLUIDMP, STRUCTMP, PANELMP, FREQUENCY, FILTER, NULL, RPCUTOFF)

PFPANEL

Can be used in the I/O Options section to request output of acoustic panel participation factors for all frequency response subcases.

PANEL FREQUENCY (SETF_SID) FILTER NULL RPCUTOFF

PRESSURE

Controls the output of pressure results.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

PROPERTY

Controls the output of the property definitions used in the last iteration of an optimization.

RESPRINT

Controls the output of unretained optimization constraints.

RESTART

Flag that indicates that a restart run is to be performed. Also indicates the prefix of the .sh file to be used as the starting iteration for the restart.

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RESULTS

Controls the frequency of output of analytical results during an optimization.

SACCELERATION

Controls the form and type of modal participation acceleration output during an analysis.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

SDISPLACEMENT

Controls the form and type of modal participation displacement output during an analysis

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

SCREEN

Controls the information echoed to the screen during a run.

SENSITIVITY

Controls the output of responses and sensitivities for size and shape design variables to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.

SENSOUT

Controls the frequency of output of responses and sensitivities to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.

SHAPE

Controls the output of shape optimization results from a shape, topography or freeshape optimization.

SHRES

Controls the frequency of output of the state files (.sh and .grid).

SPCFORCES

Controls the output of singlepoint force of constraint

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Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU

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results.

EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

STRAIN

Controls the output of elemental strain results.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

STRESS

Controls the output of elemental stress results.

SORTING (SORT1, SORT2)

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU FORMAT (HM, H3D, EST. OPTI, PUNCH, OUTPUT2, PATRAN, Supported as an output option on the subcase APATRAN) definition when it appears FORM (COMPLEX, within a subcase. (Use REAL, IMAG, the edit button in the PHASE, BOTH) Loadsteps panel.) TYPE (ALL, VON, PRINC, MAXS, SHEAR, TENSOR, DIRECT) LOCATION (CENTER, CUBIC, SGAGE, CORNER, BILIN) RANDOM (PSDF) STRESS_OPT (YES, NONE, NO, ALL, SID, PSID)

SVELOCITY

Controls the form and type of modal participation displacement output during an analysis,

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Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it

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appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.) SUBTITLE

Defines a default subtitle for a RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct model.

SYSSETTING

Run control

Individual subcases may have their own SUBTITLE definitions which are supported on the subcase definition (use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel). These will override the default subtitle. OS_RAM OS_RAM_INIT CARDLENGTH RAM_SAFETY RAMDISK SYNTAX SPSYNTAX LOADTEMP NPROC_CPU PLOTELID SCRFMODE

THERMAL

Controls the temperature output for heat transfer analysis.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

THICKNESS

Controls the output of thickness results from topology, free-size, or size optimization.

THIN

Can be used in the I/O Options or Subcase Information sections to request thinning and thickness output for all

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Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST.

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geometric nonlinear analysis subcases or individual geometric nonlinear analysis subcases respectively. TITLE

Defines a title for a RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct model.

TMPDIR

Defines a temporary directory where scratch files will be written.

UNITS

Defines a system of units for the model.

VELOCITY

Controls the output of velocity results.

RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct allows multiple TMPDIR entries, but only one instance is currently supported.

Found under GLOBAL_OUPUT_REQU EST. Supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

XSHLPRM

Defines default shell element parameters for geometric nonlinear analysis.

XSOLPRM

Defines default SOLID properties for geometric nonlinear analysis.

The following Global Matrix Selectors are supported as control cards: Global Matrix Selector

Solver Description

B2GG

Identifies a DMIG bulk data entry as a viscous damping matrix.

Supported Parameters

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Notes

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K2GG

Identifies a DMIG bulk data entry as a stiffness matrix.

K2PP

Can be used in the Subcase number_of_k2pps Information section to select a direct input stiffness matrix, which is not included in normal modes.

K42GG

Identifies a DMIG bulk data entry as a structural element damping matrix.

M2GG

Identifies a DMIG bulk data entry as a mass matrix.

P2G

Identifies a DMIG bulk data entry as a load matrix.

Other RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct cards supported as control cards: Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

ACMODL

Defines the fluid-structure interface parameters.

INTER

Notes

INFOR FSET SSET NORMAL SHNEPS DSKNEPS INTO SRCHUNIT MAXSGRID

CONTPRM

Defines the default properties of all contacts

STATIC_CONTACT (CONTGAP, GPAD, MU1, MU2, STIFF) SLIDE_EXPLICIT (BMULT, C1 - C6, FDAMP, FGAP, FILT, FRIC,

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FRICPEN, GAPMAX, GAPMIN, IBC, IDEL, IGAP, IFFILT, IFRIC, ISTF, SDAMP, STFAC, STMAX, STMIN, TEND, TSTART) TIED_EXPLICIT (DS, IDEL2) UNSUPPORTED_C ONTPRMS DESVARG

Defines an override for design variable settings.

DTI_UNITS

Defines units for multi-body dynamics and component mode synthesis solution sequences.

GRDSET

Defines defaults for fields 3, 7, and 8 on all GRID entries.

GAPPRM

Defines parameters for gap element connectivity and configuration.

PARAM

Defines RADIOSS (Bulk Data), The following OptiStruct run parameters. PARAM arguments are supported: ALPHA1, ALPHA2, ALPHAFL1, ALPHAFL2, AMLSASPC, AMLSMAXR, AMLSUCON, AMLS, AMLSNCPU, AUTOSPC, AUTOSPRT, CB2, CHECKEL, CHKGPDIR, CHECKMAT, CK2,

The following GAPPRM arguments are supported: CHKRUN, CKGPDIR, GAPCMPL, GAPGPRJ, HMGAPST, PRTSW, ERRMSG.

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If an unsupported argument is encountered on importing a PARAM card, the data is stored as UNSUPPORTED_PARAM S on the PARAM card. It is also possible to create an unsupported PARAM card using the UNSUPPORTED_PARAM S option.

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CM2, CMFTINIT, CMFTSTEP, COUPMASS, CP2, DFREQ, DUPTOL, EFFMAS, EXPERTNL, EXTOUT, FLEXH3D, FLIPOK, FRIC, FZERO, G, GAPOFFSET, GMAR, GMAR1, HASHASSM, INREL, INRGAP, ITAPE, KDAMP, KGRGD, MBDH3D, MEMTRIM, MODETRAK, NEGMASS, OGEOM, OMACHRP, OMID, POST, POSTEXT, PRGPST, REANAL, RBMEIG, SH4NRP, SORTCON, SS2GC4, W3, W4, WTMASS. SWLDPRM

Defines parameters for CWELD connectivity search.

The following SWLDPRM arguments are supported: CHKRUN, GSPROJ, PROJTOL, PRTSW, ERRMSG.

Other control cards for the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct interface: Supported Cards

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

BULK_UNSUPPOR TED_ CARDS

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Notes

If a line (not a continuation line) occurs after the BEGIN BULK statement in an input file and starts with a keyword that is not recognized or supported,

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then the entire card gets written to BULK_UNSUPPORTED_C ARDS. It is also possible to manually define an unsupported bulk data card using the BULK_UNSUPPORTED_C ARDS. BULK_UNSUPPORTED_C ARDS are exported near the bottom of the exported RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct input file, just before the ENDDATA statement. CTRL_UNSUPPOR TED_ CARDS

If a line (not a continuation line) occurs before the BEGIN BULK statement and before the first SUBCASE statement and starts with a keyword that is not recognized or supported, then the entire card gets written to CTRL_UNSUPPORTED_C ARDS. It is also possible to manually define data cards appearing above the first SUBCASE statement using the CTRL_UNSUPPORTED_C ARDS. CTRL_UNSUPPORTED_C ARDS are exported near the top of the exported RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct input file, just before the first SUBCASE statement.

DEBUG

Some special or custom features can be accessed

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through the use of 'debug, , ' statements. GLOBAL_CASE_C ONTROL

ANALYSIS, CMETHOD, CMSMETH, CNTNLSUB, DEFORM, DESVAR, DLOAD, FATDEF, It also handles the data FATPARM, selector DESVAR, used to FATSEQ, FREQ, IC, select a set of design variables INVEL, LOAD, for use in an optimization run. MBSIM, METHOD_FLUID, It also handles the output METHOD_STRUCT, control OMODES, used to MLOAD, MOTION, define a set of modes for MPC, NLOAD, output requests. NLPARM, OMODES, RANDOM, RWALL, RWALADD, SDAMPING_FLUID, SDAMPING_STRUC T, SPC, STATSUB, SUPORT1, TEMP, TEMP_LOAD, TSTEP, XHIST, XHISADD Handles the data selectors FREQ, METHOD, MPC, SDAMPING and SPC appearing above the first SUBCASE statement.

This control card OMODES is also supported as an output option on the subcase definition when it appears within a subcase. (Use the edit button in the Loadsteps panel.)

INCLUDE_BULK

This control card is retained to support old database files.

INCLUDE_CTRL

This control card is retained to support old database files.

Model Documentation

$HMBEGINDOC and $HMENDDOC indicate a section of comment cards which are supported on import and export. The comments are stored on control card Model Documentation. This information is exported at the top of the

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exported RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct input file. OSDIAG

Some special diagnostic information can be processed through the use of 'osdiag, , , , ' statements.

Abaqus

Control cards define model information, which needs to be specified only once in the input file. The following Abaqus keywords are supported as control cards: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

*CONSTRAINT CONTROLS

Reset overconstraint checking controls

NO CHECKS

Notes

NO CHANGES DELETE SLAVE

*DEPVAR

Specify solution-dependent state variables

svcount

*HEADING

Print a heading on the output

Title MultipleLines

*PREPRINT

Select printout for the analysis CONTACT input file processor. ECHO HISTORY MASS PROPERTY MODEL

*RESTART

Save and reuse data and analysis results

READ WRITE STEP INC END STEP FREQUENCY OVERLAY

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Actran

The last step before creating the Actran input deck is completing control cards, which define the properties of the model that are not directly related to the mesh. You can define the title, analysis specifications, dimensions of the problem, interfaces between incompatible meshes, a color map and frequency response function solution, external structural vibration, and acoustic sources. Control cards can be accessed from the Control Cards panel: Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

Notes

Analysis

Specify options about the analysis

Type of analysis (Frequency, Modal Extraction, Time Response, External Matrices)

Specify:

Solver (KRYLOV, SPARSE, SUPERLU, CG_ILU)

Frequency or modal analysis Frequency range and/or number of modes The solver

Frequency n_freq n_k_freq BC_MESH

Define an excitation from a previous computation performed in Nastran, Actran, or Abaqus.

Surface GAP_TOL PLANE_TOL MESH format, file name

The excitation must be defined in two files: a mesh file and a results file defining the vibration on each node.

RESULTS format, type, file name Dimension

Define the dimension of the problem.

Dimension (3D, 2D, 2D AXI)

2D, 3D, or axisymmetric

Interface

Define interfaces for incompatible meshes.

n_interfaces

Optional. Each interface must be linked with two coupling surfaces.

LIGHTHILL

Use for predicting broadband aero-acoustic noise

HDF File name

Include a file containing the FLOW data block.

FLOW FORMAT (ACTRAN, HDF)

MEAN_FLOW

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num_hdf_la Used for further convected acoustic simulations

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Flow file name OUTPUT_FRF

Define field points on the model (virtual microphone).

PLT file name fieldpoint storage_nodes

OUTPUT_MAP

Define color map solutions

OS Command Actran type Output format Results file name Mesh file name Output step field point mesh color map superelement color map

SOURCE

Define acoustic sources in the n_sources model (virtual loudspeaker).

SUPER_ELEMENT

Generate the SUPERELEMENT data block, specifying the OP2 file name.

SUPER ELEMENT BLOCK DEFINITION MESH FILE NAME MATRIX PARAMETERS FILE NAME MATRIX COEFFICIENT FILE NAME MODES FILE NAME super_point_load super_storage_node

Title

Specify a name for the analysis.

Model Name

Optional

Description

ANSYS

The input translator recognizes the ANSYS cards listed below. If an unsupported field is found in a card, a message is displayed on the status bar. The messages are also printed to the file ansys.msg. General slash commands, SOLUTION commands, POST1 commands, and POST26 commands are

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referred to as control cards. Unrecognized cards are written to a *.hmx file.

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

ACEL

Specifies the linear acceleration of the structure.

ACELX, ACELY, ACELZ

ALPHAD

Defines the mass matrix multiplier for damping.

Value

ANTYPE

Specifies the analysis type and restart status.

Type (STATIC, BUCKLE, MODAL, HARMIC, TRANS, SUBSTR, SPECTR)

Notes

Status (NEW, REST) ARCLEN

Activates the arc length method.

Key (OFF/ON), MAXARC, MINARC

ARCTRM

Controls termination of the arc- Lab (OFF, L, U), length solution VAL, NODE, DOF (UX, UY, UZ, ROTX, ROTY, ROTZ)

/ASSIGN

Reassigns a file name to an ANSYS file identifier.

ldent

AUTOTS

Specifies whether to use automatic time stepping or load stepping.

Key (off/on)

/BATCH

Sets the program mode to "batch"

List

BETAD

Defines the stiffness matrix multiplier for damping.

Value

BFUNIF

Assigns a uniform body force load to all nodes.

Lab, Value

BUCOPT

Specifies buckling analysis

METHOD, NMODE,

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Fname

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options

SHIFT, LDMULTE

CGLOC

Specifies the origin location of the acceleration coordinate system.

XLOC, YLOC, ZLOC

CGOMGA

Specifies the rotational velocity CGOMX, CGOMY, of the global origin. CGOMZ

CMDOMEGA

Specifies the rotational acceleration of an element component about a userdefined rotational axis.

CM_NAME, DOMEGAX, DOMEGAY, DOMEGAZ, X1, Y1, Z1, X2, Y2, Z2

CMOMEGA

Specifies the rotational velocity of an element component about a user-defined rotational axis.

CM_NAME, DOMEGAX, DOMEGAY, DOMEGAZ, X1, Y1, Z1, X2, Y2, Z2, KSPIN

CNVTOL

Sets convergence values for nonlinear analyses.

Lab, VALUE, TOLER, NORM, MINREF

/COM

Places a comment in the output.

n/a

/COPY

Copies a file.

FileName

CRPLIM

Specifies the creep criterion for CRCR, Option automatic time stepping.

DCGOMG

Specifies the rotational acceleration of the global origin.

DCGOX, DCGOY, DCGOZ

/DELETE

Deletes a file.

FileName

DELTIM

Specifies the time step sizes to be used for this load step.

DTIME, DTMIN, DTMAX Carry

DMPRAT

Sets a constant damping ratio. RATIO

DOF

Adds degrees of freedom to

LAB1 - LAB10

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the current DOF set. DOMEGA

Specifies the rotational acceleration of the structure.

DOMGX, DOMGY, DOMGZ

EMUNIT

Specifies the system of units for magnetic field problems.

LAB, VAL

EQSLV

Specifies the type of equation solver.

Lab, TOLER, MULT

ERESX

Specifies extrapoloation of integration point results.

Key

EORIENT

Reorient SOLID elements' axes

ETYPE, Dir, Tol

ETABLE

Fills a table of element values for further processing.

LAB, ITEM, COMP

EXPASS

Specifies an expansion pass of an analysis.

Key

HARFRQ

Defines the frequency range in FREQB, FREQE the harmonic response analysis.

HREXP

Specifies the phase angle for the harmonic analysis expansion pass.

ANGLE

HROPT

Specifies harmonic analysis options.

Method, MAXMODE, MINMODE, MCout, Damp

HROUT

Specifies the harmonic analysis output options.

REIMKY, CLUST, MCONT

IRLF

Specifies that inertia relief calculations are to be performed.

Key

KBC

Specifies stepped or ramped loading within a load step.

Key

KUSE

Specifies whether or not to Key reuse the triangularized matrix.

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LNSRCH

Activates a line search to be used with Newton-Raphson.

Key

LSSOLVE

Reads and solves multiple load LSMIN, LSMAX, steps. LSINC

LVSCALE

Scales the load vector for mode superposition analyses.

FACT

MDAMP

Defines the damping ratios as a function of mode.

STLOC, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6

MODE

Specifies the harmonic loading MODE, ISYM term for this load step.

MODOPT

Specifies modal analysis options.

MXPAND

Specifies the number of modes NMODE, FREQB, to expand and write for a FREQE, Ecalc, modal or buckling analysis. SIGNIF

NCNV

Sets the key to terminate an analysis.

Method, NMODE, FREQB, FREQE, PRMODE, Nrmkey

KSTOP, DLIM, ITLIM, ETLIM, CPLIM

NEQIT

Specifies the maximum number of equilibrium iterations for nonlinear analyses.

NEQIT

NLGEOM

Includes large-deflection effects in a static or full transient analysis.

Key

NROPT

Specifies the Newton-Raphson Option, --, Adptky options in a static or full transient analysis.

NSUBST

Specifies the number of NSBSTP, NSBMAX, substeps to be taken this load NSBMIN, Carry step.

OMEGA

Specifies the rotational velocity OMEGX, OMEGY, of the structure. OMEGZ, KSPIN

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OUTRES

Controls the solution data written to the database.

Item, FREQ, Cname

/POST1

Enters the database results post-processor.

n/a

PRED

Activates a predictor in a nonlinear analysis.

Sskey, Lskey

PRESOL

Prints the solution results for elements.

PRESOLITEM

PSTRES

Specifies whether prestress effects are calculated or included.

Key

RSYS

Activates a coordinate system for printout or display of results.

KCN

SLOAD

Loads a pretension section.

SECID, PLNLAB, KINIT, KFD, FDVALUE, LSLOAD, LSLOCK

/SOLU

Enters the solution processor.

n/a

SOLU

Specifies solution summary data per substep to be stored.

NVAR, ITEMLABEL, COMPLABEL, SOLUNAME

SOLVE

Starts a solution.

n/a

SSTIF

Activates stress stiffness effects in a nonlinear analysis.

Key

/STITLE

Defines subtitles.

NLINE TITLE

SUBOPT

Specifies options for subspace SUBSIZ, NPAD, iteration eigenvalue extraction. NPERBK, NUMSSI, NSHIFT, Strmck, JCGITR

/SYS

Passes a command string to the operating system.

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String

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TIME

Sets the time for a load step.

Time

TIMINT

Turns on transient effects.

Key, Lab

TINTP

Defines transient integration parameters.

GAMMA, ALPHA, DELTA, THETA, OSLM, TOL, --, --, AVSMOOTH, ALPHAF, ALPHAM

/TITLE

Defines a main title.

Title_string

TOFFST

Specifies the temperature offset from absolute zero to zero.

Value

TOTAL

Specifies automatic MDOF generation.

NTOT, NRMDF

TREF

Defines the reference temperature for the thermal strain calculations.

TREF

TRNOPT

Specifies transient analysis options.

Method, MAXMODE, Dmpkey, MINMODE, MCout, TINTOPT

TUNIF

Assigns a uniform temperature TEMP to all nodes.

/UNITS

Annotates the database with the system of units used.

Label, LENFACT, MASSFACT, TIMEFACT, TEMPFACT, TOFFSET, CHARGEFACT, FORCEFACT, HEATFACT

UNSU_END UNSU_PREP7

LS-DYNA

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*DATABASE_OPTION cards in Keyword are listed from the Setup drop down menu, after selecting Control Cards. An active field is output as the appropriate individual card in the data deck. A control card can be in one of three states: State

Color

Explanation

Undefined

Gray

The control card was either never created or was deleted.

Defined (See Note)

Green

Any control card viewed in the card previewer is activated.

Inactive

Red

A card that has been defined may be disabled. The attributes for that card remain; however, the control card is not output.

Note:

Those control cards that are defined (green in the control card editor) are output.

Default values for attributes are common throughout the card previewer. A default value field has one of the following states: State

Description

Default = ON

In this state, the field label color is yellow and no data entry is allowed.

Default = OVERRIDDEN

To override a default value field, pick the yellow field label. When you override a default value field, the label text color changes to cyan and you can enter data in the field.

The following keywords are supported: Supported Card

Solver Description

*CONTROL_ACCURA CY

Define control parameters that can OSU, INN, PIDOSU improve the accuracy of the calculation.

*CONTROL_ADAPST EP

Define control parameters for contact interface force update during each adaptive cycle.

FACTIN, DFACTR

*CONTROL_ADAPTIV

Activate adaptive meshing.

ADPFREQ, ADPTOL,

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Supported Parameters

Notes

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ADPOPT, MAXLVL, TBIRTH, TDEATH, LCADP, IOFLAG, AdaptiveOptions

E

IDSET, N, SMIN, ITRIOPT

*CONTROL_ADAPTIV E_ CURVE

To refine the element mesh along a curve.

*CONTROL_ALE

Set global control parameters for the Arbitrary Lagrange-Eulerian and Eulerian calculations.

*CONTROL_BULK_ VISCOSITY

Q1, Q2, IBQ Reset the default values of the bulk viscosity coefficients globally.

*CONTROL_CHECK

Check for various problems in the mesh.

*CONTROL_COARSE N

ICOARSE, ANGLE, Adaptively de-refine (coarsen) a shell mesh by selectively merging NSEED, PSID four adjacent elements into one.

*CONTROL_CONTAC T

Change defaults for computation with contact surfaces.

ITYPE (PartSetID, PartID), DCT, NADV, METH, AFAC - EFAC, START, END, AAFAC, VFACT, PRIT, EBC, PREF, NSIDEBC

PID, IFAUTO, CONVEX, ADPT, ARATIO, ANGLE, SMIN, Shell

SLSFAC, RWPNAL, ISLCHK, SHLTHK, PENOPT, THKCHG, ORIEN, ENMASS, USRSTR, USRRFC, NSBCS, INTERM, XPENE, SSTHK, ECDT, TIEDPRJ

*CONTROL_COUPLIN Change defaults for MADYMO3D/ G CAL3D coupling.

UNLENG, UNTIME, UNFORC, TIMIDL, FLIPX - FLIPZ, SUBCYL

*CONTROL_CPU

CPUTIM, IGLST

Control CPU time.

*CONTROL_DYNAMIC Initialize stresses and deformation NRCYCK, DRTOL, _ in a model to simulate a preload. DRFCTR, DRTERM, TSSFDR, IRELAL, RELAXATION EDTTL, IRDFLG

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*CONTROL_EFG

Define controls for the mesh-free computation.

ISPLINE, IDILA, ININT, IMLM, ETOL

*CONTROL_ENERGY

Provide controls for energy dissipation options

HGEN, RWEN, SLNTEN, RYLEN

*CONTROL_EXPLOSI VE_ SHADOW

Compute detonation times in n/a explosive elements for which there is no direct line of sight.

*CONTROL_HOURGL ASS

Set the default values of the hourglass control to override the default values.

IHQ, QH

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Define parameters for automatic AUTO time step control during implicit analysis.

IAUTO, ITEOPT, ITEWIN, DTMIN, DTMAX, DTEXP, DTMAX_Option

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Activate implicit buckling analysis BUCKLE when termination time is reached.

NMODE

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Activate implicit dynamic analysis IMASS, GAMMA, BETA, TDYBIR, DYNAMICS and define time integration TDYDTH, TDYBUR, constants. IRATE *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Activate implicit eigenvalue EIGENVALUE analysis and define associated input parameters.

NEIG, CENTER, LFLAG, LFTEND, RFLAG, RHTEND, EIGMTH, SHFSCL, NEIG_Option

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Activate implicit analysis and GENERAL define associated control parameters.

IMFLAG, DT0, IMFORM, NSBS, IGS, CNSTN, FORM, ZERO_V, IMFLAG_Option

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Allows analysis of linear static INERTIA_RELIEF problems that have rigid body modes.

IRFLAG THRESH

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Defines control parameters for LINEAR linear portion of implicit solver *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Request calculation of constraint NSIDC MODES and/or attachment modes for later NSIDA

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use in modal analysis using *PART_MODES. *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Defines control parameters for NONLINEAR nonlinear portion of implicit solver *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Optional card that applies to SOLUTION implicit calculations.Used to specify whether a linear or nonlinear solution is desired.

NSOLVR, ILIMIT, MAXREF, DCTOL, ECTOL, RCTOL, LSTOL, ABSTOL

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Optional card that applies to SOLVER implicit calculations. The linear equation solver performs the CPUintensive stiffness matrix inversion.

LSOLVR, LPRINT, NEGEV, ORDER, DRCM, DRCPRM, AUTOSPC, AUTOTOL

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Optional card that applies to STABILIZATION implicit calculations. Artificial stabilization is required for multistep unloading in implicit springback analysis.

IAS, SCALE, TSTART, TEND, SCALE_Option

*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ Specify termination criteria for TERMINATION implicit transient simulations.

DELTAU

*CONTROL_MPP_ DECOMPOSITION_ AUTOMATIC

Instructs the program to apply a simple heuristic to try to determine the proper decomposition for the simulation.

n/a

*CONTROL_MPP_ DECOMPOSITION_C HECK _SPEED

Modifies the decomposition n/a depending on the relative speed of the processors involved.

*CONTROL_MPP_ DECOMPOSITION_ CONTACT_DISTRIBUT E

Ensures that the indicated contact ID1 - ID5 interfaces are distributed across all processors, which can lead to better load balance for large contact interfaces.

*CONTROL_MPP_ DECOMPOSITION_ CONTACT_ISOLATE

Ensures that the indicated contact ID1 - ID5 interferences are isolated on a single processor, which can lead to decreased communication.

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*CONTROL_MPP_ DECOMPOSITION_FI LE

Allow for pre-decomposition and a Name subsequent run or runs without having to do the decomposition.

*CONTROL_MPP_ DECOMPOSITION_ METHOD

Specify the decomposition method to use.

Name

*CONTROL_MPP_ DECOMPOSITION_ NUMPROC

Specify the number of processors for decomposition.

N

*CONTROL_MPP_ DECOMPOSITION_S HOW

Allows display of the final decomposition.

n/a

*CONTROL_MPP_ DECOMPOSITION_ TRANSFORMATION

Specifies transformations to apply TYPE(1) to modify the decomposition. VAL(1)

*CONTROL_MPP_IO_ Suppress the output of all dump NOD3DUMP files.

n/a

*CONTROL_MPP_IO_ Suppresses the output of all dump n/a NODUMP files and full deck restart files. *CONTROL_MPP_IO_ Suppresses the output of the full NOFULL deck restart files.

n/a

*CONTROL_MPP_IO_ Swap bytes on some of the output n/a SWAPBYTES files. *CONTROL_OUTPUT

Set miscellaneous output parameters.

*CONTROL_PARALLE Control parallel processing usage L for shared memory computers by defining the number of processors invoking the optional consistency of the global vector assembly.

NPOPT, NEECHO, NREFUP, IACCOP, OPIFS, IPNINT, IKEDIT, IFLUSH NCPU, NUMRHS, CONST, PARA

*CONTROL_REMESHI Provide control over the remeshing RMIN, RMAX, VF_LOSS, MFRAC, NG of solids which are meshed with the solid tetrahedron element type DT_MIN 13.

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*CONTROL_RIGID

Special control options related to rigid bodies and the rigid-flexible bodies.

LMF, JNTF, ORTHMD, PARTM, SPARSE, METALF

*CONTROL_SHELL

Provide controls for computing shell response.

WRPANG, ESORT, IRNXX, ISTUPD, THEORY, BWC, MITER, PROJ

*CONTROL_SOLID

Provide controls for solid element response.

ESORT, FMATRIX, NIPTETS, SWLOCL

*CONTROL_SOLUTIO Specify the analysis solution N procedure if thermal only or coupled thermal analysis is performed.

SOLN, NLQ, ISNAN, LCINT

*CONTROL_SPH

NCBS, BOXID, DT, IDIM, MEMORY, FORM, START, MAXV, CONT, DERIV, INI

Provide controls for computing SPH particles.

LCT, LCS, T_ORT, *CONTROL_SPOTWE Provides factors for scaling the PRTFLG, T_ORS, LD_ failure force resultants of beam RPBHX BEAM spot welds as a function of their parametric location on the contact segment and the size of the segment. *CONTROL_STRUCTU Write out a LS-DYNA structured RED input deck for version 970.

n/a

*CONTROL_STRUCTU Write out a LS-DYNA structured RED input deck for version 970. _TERM Termination will occur after the structured input file is written.

n/a

*CONTROL_SUBCYC LE

n/a

Control time step subcycling.

*CONTROL_TERMINA Stop the job. TION

ENDTIM, ENDCYC, DTMIN, ENDENG, ENDMASS

*CONTROL_THERMA L_ NONLINEAR

REFMAX, TOL, DCP, LUMPBC, THLSTL,

Set parameters for a nonlinear thermal or coupled structural/ thermal analysis.

NLTHPR, PHCHPN

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*CONTROL_THERMA L_ SOLVER

Set options for the thermal solution in a thermal only or coupled structural-thermal analysis.

ATYPE, PTYPE, SOLVER, CGTOL, GPT, EQHEAT, FWORK, SBC

*CONTROL_THERMA L_ TIMESTEP

Set time step controls for the thermal solution in a thermal only or a coupled structural/thermal analysis.

TS, TIP, ITS, TMIN, TMAX, DTEMP, TSCP, LCTS

*CONTROL_TIMESTE P

Set structural time step size control using different options.

DTINIT, TSSFAC, ISDO, TSLIMIT, DT2MS, LCTM, ERODE, MS1ST

*DAMPING_FREQUE NCY_ RANGE

Provides approximately constant damping over a range of frequencies.

CDAMP, FLOW, FHIGH, PSID

*DAMPING_GLOBAL

Define mass weighted nodal damping that applies globally to the nodes of deformable bodies and to the mass center of rigid bodies.

LCID, VALDMP, STX STZ, SRX - SRZ

*DATABASE_ABSTAT Specify time interval and file type for Airbag statistics time history file output. *DATABASE_AVSFLT Specify time interval for AVS database output. *DATABASE_BINARY Dt for complete output states. _ D3PLOT

DT, LCDT, NOBEAM, NPLTC, PSETID, IOOPT

*DATABASE_BINARY Dynamic relaxation database. _ D3DRLF

CYCLE

*DATABASE_BINARY Dt for time history data of element DT, LCDT _ subsets. D3THDT *DATABASE_BINARY Binary output restart files. Define _ output frequency in cycles. D3DUMP

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DT

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*DATABASE_BINARY ALE interface force database _ FSIFOR

DT, LCDT, NOBEAM, NPLTC, PSETID

*DATABASE_BINARY Dt for output of contact interface _ data. INTFOR

DT, LCDT

*DATABASE_BINARY Binary output restart file. Define _ output frequency in cycles. RUNRSF

DT

*DATABASE_BINARY Flag to specify output of extra _ time history data to XTFILE at XTFILE same time as D3THDT file.

DT

*DATABASE_BNDOU Specify time interval and file type T for Boundary condition forces and energy time history file output. *DATABASE_DEFGE O

Specify time interval deformed geometry file output.

*DATABASE_DEFOR C

Specify time interval and file type for discrete element forces time history file output.

*DATABASE_ELOUT

Specify time interval and file type for element data time history file output.

*DATABASE_EXTENT Specify output database to be _AVS written.

VTYPE, COMP

*DATABASE_EXTENT Specify output database to be _ written. BINARY

NEIPH, NEIPS, MAXINT, STRFLAG, SIGFLG, EPSFLG, RLTFLG, ENGFLG, CMPFLG, IEVERP, BEAMIP, DCOMP, SHGE, STSSZ, N3THDT, IALEMAT, NINTSLD, PKP_SEN, SCLP, MSSCL, THERM

*DATABASE_EXTENT Specify output database to be _ written.

VTYPE, COMP

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MOVIE *DATABASE_EXTENT _ MPGS

VTYPE, COMP

*DATABASE_EXTENT _ SSSTAT

PSID(1), ArrayCount

*DATABASE_FORMA T

IFORM, IBINARY

*DATABASE_GCEOU Specify time interval and file type T for Geometric contact entities force time history file output *DATABASE_GLSTAT Specify time interval and file type for global model data time history file output. *DATABASE_JNTFOR Specify time interval and file type C for joint force time history file output *DATABASE_MATSU M

Specify time interval and file type for material energies time history file output

*DATABASE_MOVIE

Specify time interval for movie output

*DATABASE_MPGS

Specify time interval for MPGS

*DATABASE_NCFOR C

Specify time interval and file type for nodal interface forces time history file output

*DATABASE_NODFO Specify time interval and file type R for nodal force groups time history file output *DATABASE_NODOU Specify time interval and file type T for nodal point data time history file output *DATABASE_OPTION Control cards for all ASCII output

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ABSTAT,

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ABSTAT_CPM, AVSFLT, BNDOUT, DCFAIL, DEFGEO, DEFORC, ELOUT, GCEOUT, GLSTAT, JNTFORC, MATSUM, MOVIE, MPGS, NCFORC, NODFOR, NODOUT, RBDOUT, RCFORC, RWFORC, SBTOUT, SECFORC, SLEOUT, SPCFORC, SPHOUT, SSSTAT, SWFORC, TPRINT, TRHIST *DATABASE_RBDOU Specify time interval and file type T for rigid body data time history file output. *DATABASE_RCFOR C

Specify time interval and file type for resultant interface forces time history file output.

*DATABASE_RWFOR Specify time interval and file type C for rigid wall forces time history file output. *DATABASE_SBTOU T

Specify time interval and file type for Seat belt time history file output.

*DATABASE_SECFO RC

Specify time interval and file type for cross section forces time history file output

*DATABASE_SLEOU T

Specify time interval and file type for sliding interface energy time history file output

*DATABASE_SPCFO RC

Specify time interval and file type for SPC reaction forces time history file output

*DATABASE_SPHOU Specify time interval and file type T for SPH element data time history file output

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*DATABASE_SPRING Create spring forward nodal force _ file. FORWARD

IFLAG

*DATABASE_SSSTAT Specify time interval and file type for Subsystem data time history file output *DATABASE_ SUPERPLASTIC_ FORMING

Specify the output intervals to the superelastic forming output files.

DTOUT

*DATABASE_SWFOR Specify time interval and file type C for nodal constraint reaction forces time history file output *DATABASE_TPRINT

Specify time interval and file type for thermal time history file output. Thermal output from a coupled structural/thermal or thermal only analysis.

*DATABASE_TRACE R

Tracer particles will save a history of either a material point or a spatial point into an ASCII file, TRHIST.

*DATABASE_TRHIST

Tracer particle history information

*INTERFACE_ Calculate the deviation of the part COMPENSATION_NE from its intended design of the W stamped part and automatically compensate the tool to minimize the deviation, modify the trimming curve after the die modification, and automatically detect the undercut problem

TIME, TRACK, X, Y, Z

METHOD, SL, SF, ELREF, PSIDm, UNDCT

MADYMO

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

GAS

Specify a gas (molecular

N2, O2, CO2, CO,

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Notes

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weight and specific heat coefficients).

HE, NE, AR, H2, H2O, NH3, H2S, C6H6, N20

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

MARC

Supported Card

ASSUMED (ASSUMED STRAIN)

ASSUMED (ON/ OFF)

AUTO INCREMENT

AUTOINC (ON/OFF)

Notes

Fraction_a, MaxNumOflnc, NumOfRecPerInc, MaxFracTotLoad, MaxMulArcLength, CONSTANT DILATATION

CONSTANT (ON/ OFF)

CONTACT_TYPE

CONTACT_TYPE (MECHANICAL DISPLACEMENT, HEAT TRANSFER, COUPLING DIFFUSION, ACOUSTIC BOUNDARY, JOULE HEAT)

DIST LOADS

DISTLOADS (ON/ OFF) ListMax, ElemMax, NodeMax

ELSTO

ELSTO (ON/OFF), ELSTO_BUFSIZE

FEATURE

FEATURE (ON/ OFF), feature, FEATURE_IDS_NU M

FINITE

FINITE (ON/OFF)

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FOLLOW FOR

FOLLOWFOR (ON/ OFF), DistLoads, BndryCond, PointLoads

LARGE DISP

LARGEDISP (ON/ OFF)

MPC_CHECK

MPCCHECK (ON/ OFF), MpcOrder

NO LIST

NOLIST (ON/OFF)

OPTIMIZE

OPTIMIZE (ON/ OFF), AlgoType, OptMesh, UnitNMesh, UnitOCord, Print

ORIENTATION

ORIENT (ON/OFF), NoOfSets, UnitNo

PLASTICITY

PLASTICITY (ON/ OFF), PLASTICITY (value)

POST

POST (ON/OFF), NoOfElemVar, UnitNumNewBinPost , UnitNumPreBinPost, FileGenFlag, UnitNumPreFrmtPos t POST_DATA POST_DATA_NUM

RBE

RBE (ON/OFF), RBE_AnalType, RBE2_LDISP, RBE3_LDISP

SHELL SECT

SHELLSECT (ON/ OFF), SHSECTSimRule, SHSECTIntBeam, SHSECTIntShell

SIZING

SIZING (ON/OFF), Attribute

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SOLVER

SOLVER (ON/OFF), SolverType, NonSymSysFlag, NonPosDefSys, PreConType, 4ByteWords, AUTOSPC, ConGradlter, InitTrialFlag, InfoSolType, TotConGradConv

SUMMARY

SUMMARY (ON/ OFF), UnitNo, IncFreq

TABLE

TABLE_LOAD, TABLE_MAT, TABLE_CON

TIE

TIE (ON/OFF), TIE_ATTRI1, TIE_ATTR2, TIE_MAXNODES, TIE_ATTR4

TITLE

TITLE (ON/OFF), TITLE_DATA, TITLE_DATA_NUM

UPDATE

UPDATE (ON/OFF), Blank, IncrRot, IntStrStiff

VERSION

VERSION NUMBER

Nastran

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

ACMODL

Defines modeling parameters for the interface between the fluid and the structure.

INTER, INFOR, FSET, SSET, NORMAL, METHOD, SHNEPS, DSKNEPS, INTOL, ALLSSET, SRCHUNIT

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BEGIN BULK

n/a

When the model is created from HyperMesh, this card is on by default.

BULKUNSUPPORTED_ CARD

n/a

On import, all unsupported bulk data will be written into this card. You can edit the card.

CASEUNSUPPORTED_ CARD

n/a

If CEND and SUBCASE exist, on import, all unsupported cards between CEND and the first SUBCASE will be written into this card. You can edit the card. If SUBCASE does not exist and BEGIN BULK exists, all unsupported cards between CEND and BEGIN BULK will be written into this card.

CEND

n/a

When the model is created from HyperMesh, this card is on by default.

DIAG

ENDDATA

Designates the end of the Case Control Section and/or the beginning of a Bulk Data Section.

Requests diagnostic output or special options.

DIAG DIAGIDLEN

Designates the end of the Bulk n/a Data Section.

When the model is created from HyperMesh, this card is on by default.

EXEC_UNSUPPOR TED_ CARDS

n/a

GLOBAL CASE

LABEL, ANALYSIS, AUTOSPC,

Altair Engineering

If CEND exists in the imported deck, on import, all unsupported cards before CEND will be written into this card. You can edit the card. If CEND does not exist, on import, all unsupported cards before BEGIN BULK will be written into this card.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1382 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CONTROL

BCONTACT, CMETHOD, DEFORM, DLOAD, FREQ, IC, LOAD, LOADSET, METHOD_FLUID, METHOD_STRUCT, MPC, NLPARM, RANDOM, SDAMPING_FLUID, SDAMPING_STRUC T, SPC, SUPORT1, TEMP, TEMP_LOAD, TSTEP

GLOBAL OUTPUT REQUEST

ACCELERATION, DISPLACEMENT, EKE, ELFORCE, ESE, GPFORCE, GPSTRESS, MCFRACTION, MPCFORCES, OFREQ, OLOAD, OTIME, PARTN, SACCELERATION, SDISPLACEMENT, SPCFORCES, STRAIN, STRESS, SVECTOR, SVELOCITY, THERMAL, VELOCITY

GRDSET

CP, CD, SEID, Defines default options for fields 3, 7, 8, and 9 of all GRID Single Point Constraint 1- 6 entries

ID

Specifies a comment.

l1, l2

INCLUDE_BULK

Inserts an external file into the input file

number of includes in bulk

INCLUDE_CTRL

Inserts an external file into the input file

number of includes in ctrl

INCLUDE_EXEC

Inserts an external file into the input file

number of includes in exec

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K2PP

Selects direct input stiffness matrices, which are not included in normal modes

number of k2pps

MAXLINES

Sets the maximum number of output lines.

nmax

The maximum number of lines is 999999999 (Nastran default).

OMIT_BEGIN_BUL K

By selecting this control card, you are forcing HyperMesh to not write BEGIN BULK CARD

OMIT_CEND

By selecting this control card, you are forcing HyperMesh to not write the CEND card.

OMIT_END_BULK

By selecting this card, you are forcing HyperMesh to not write the END_BULK card.

PARAM

Specifies values for parameters.

ALPHA1, ALPHA2, AMLS, AMLSNCPU, ASING, AUTOSPC, AUTOSPRT, BAILOUT, COUPMASS, CURV, CURVPLOT, DDRMM, EPPRT, EPZERO, FZERO, G, GFL, GRDPNT, GRDEQ, INREL, K6ROT, LGDISP, MARCSLHT, MAXRATIO, MPCX, NEWSEQ, OGEOM, OLDSEQ, OMACHPR, OMID, OUNIT2, POST, POSTEXT, PRGPST, SPCGEN, TINY, USETPRT, WTMASS.

On import, all unsupported PARAM cards are written into the UNSUPPORTED PARAMS block within PARAM CARD in the Control Cards panel. You can edit this data block.

SET CARD

Defines a set of element or grid point numbers to be

setid, SET_realList

Only real number sets can be created using control

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1384 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

plotted.

cards. For node and element sets, see Sets.

SOL

Specifies the solution sequence or main subDMAP to be executed.

Analysis (Statics, Normal Modes, Buckling, Nonlinear Statics, Dir. Complex Eigenvalues, Dir. Frequency Response, Dir. Transient Response, Model Complex Eigenvalues, Modal Frequency Response, Modal Transient Response, Nonlin. Transient Resp., Design Optimization, Statics & Lin. Heat Transfer, Implicit)

SUBTITLE

Defines a subtitle that will appear on the second heading line of each page of printer output.

n/a

SWLDPRM

Overrides default values of parameters for CFAST, CWELD, and CSEAM connectivity search.

GSMOVE, NREDIA

TIME

Sets the maximum CPU and I/ MaxIO O time.

TITLE

Defines a character string that n/a will appear on the first heading line of each page of NX Nastran printer output.

PAM-CRASH 2G

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported

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Notes

Altair Engineering

Parameters NA

Imported Model Documentation

n/a

The input deck can contain model documentation text that is imported and exported via the comment lines. For decks not written by HyperMesh, all comment lines before the first noncomment line are treated as model documentation. For decks written by HyperMesh, the documentation lines must be placed in a block that begins with the line $HMBEGINDOC and ends with the line $HMENDDOC. The text can be created and changed using the card previewer. This card is always overwritten by the current model documentation.

NA

Model Documentation

n/a

This card is not created during FE input process. You can create this card, but once this card is defined, only this will be exported. You can access macros from the PAM-CRASH 2G user profile to append or overwrite the information from Imported Model Documentation to this card.

AIRBAGCHECK

Airbag Check

Option (YES/NO)

Added in PAM-CRASH 2004

Qualifier (VOLUME, ORIENT) ANALYSIS

Altair Engineering

Analysis

Analysis Selection (EXPLICIT, IMPLICIT_PCG)

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1386 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

AUTOSLEEP CCTRL /

Option (YES/NO) Contact Control Parameters

ITER_INIPEN_N ITER_FORCE_N ITER_FORCE_EPS LEAKFILTER

COUPLING

Coupling

MADYMO, PAMFLOW

DATACHECK

Data Check

Yes/No

This card contains all the information about the interfaces control parameters such as initial penetration.

Execution (None, QUIT, STOP) DEBUG

Debug

Yes/No

DCOMP

DMP Domain Decomposition

Type, Direction

ECTRL /

Element Control Parameters

ANTIDRILL, SPRINGBACK, STRAINRATE, RATEFILTER, RATESCALE, RATECURVE, KINJ, ENERMONT, MET3DLOAD

This card contains all the information about the element control parameters.

ENDDATA

End of Data

n/a

Cards after the ENDDATA card are ignored.

FILE

File Name

FILENAME

INCLU /

Include Cards

fileName NUM_INCLUDES

INPUTVERSION

Input Version

n/a

MAXMEMORY

Max Memory

MAXMEMORY

MERGEGAP

Common Node Merge

tolerance

METRIC/

Initial Metric

metric, NUM_METRICS

METRICCHECK

Metric Check

Option (YES/NO)

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Added in PAM-CRASH

Altair Engineering

OCTRL /

Output Control Parameters

Tolerance

2004

THPOUTPUT INTERVAL TIOD

This card contains all the information about the output of data, e.g., PRINT, SHLTHP, THPOUTPUT, DSYOUTPUT, GLBTHP, BEAPLOT, etc. In card previewer you have the option of defining all the parameters.

DSYOUTPUT INTERVAL PIOD Output Parameters Selction (All, THOUTPUT, DSYOUTPUT, RSTOUTPUT, PRTOUTPUT, TOTAL_STRAIN, PRINT, PREFILTER, GLBTHP, SHLTHP, NODPLOT, SOLPLOT, SHLPLOT, BEAPLOT, MPPOUTPUT, RBODY_DISPLAY, FPM OUTPUT, SPHPLOT) Thpoutput Qualifier (Interval, Point, Curve) Dsyoutput Qualifier (Interval, State, Curve) PIPE

Pipe

Yes/No

RESTARTFILES

Restart Files

NumberOfFiles

RUNEND/

End Of Run Definition

TIME SENSOR_OPT

RWALL_KIN_CHEC K SHELLCHECK

Option (YES/NO)

Shell Check

Yes/No Warpage, Aspect, QMinAngle, QMaxAngle, TMinAngle, TMaxAngle

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1388 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

SIGNAL

Signalling

Yes/No

SOLIDCHECK

Solid Check

Yes/No Aspect, QMinFace, QMaxFace, TMinFace, TMaxFace

SOLID4N

Solid4N

YES/NO

SOLVER

Solver

CRASH, STAMP

This card must be defined in order to support 4-noded tetra elements by using SOLID / keyword in PAMCRASH 2004. Its value should be set to "YES".

KERNAL_OPT

SPCTRL /

NUMBER_NEIGHBO RS_OPT BUFFER_MULTIPLIE RS_OPT NN_ACCELERATOR_ OPT X_SYMMETRY_OPT Y_SYMMETRY_OPT Z_SYMMETRY_OPT ARTVISC_TENSION_ OPT MOMENTUM_FORMA LISM_OPT DIMENSION_1D_OPT DIMENSION_2D_OPT

SPH /

STOPRUN

IDKERN, FACNEI, ISPHAC, LSPHAC, X, Y, Z, IOPSPH, IPBDIM, SECLA, FACBUF, IVSH Stop Run

ENERGY, CPULIMIT, TIMESTEP, CONTACT_DIVERG ENCE

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SUBRUN

Substructure Run

filename, TimeFactor, LengthFactor, FrameNumber NUM_SUBRUNS

SUBTA /

Substructure Run Link Table

EQUIVALENCE, IDNEW, IDOLD NUM_EQUIV_NODE S

TCTRL /

Timestep Control Parameters

Timestep This card contains all the Parameters information about the time Selection (All, step control parameters. INITIAL, PREFER, SCALE, STIFFNESS_SCALE , INIT_MASS_SCALE, NODAL, DYNA_MASS_SCAL E, SHELL_TIMESTEP)

TITLE /

Title

TITLE

UNIT

Unit System

Length, Mass, Time, Temperature

Unsupported Cards

All unsupported information found in the input deck is imported in this card. You can edit this card.

PERMAS

The following cards are supported in the PERMAS interface:

Supported Card

Solver Description

Supported Parameters

$COMPONENT

Component Input Bracket Header Line

Name

Altair Engineering

Notes

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1390 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

TYPE (AXISYM, DISCRETE) DOFFIELDS (DISP, TEMP, PRES, POTE, MATH) $ECHO

Controls the echo print of PERMAS data input lines.

HEADER, ON, OFF, GEN

$MODDAMP

Definition of viscous or structural modal damping.

DOFTYPE KIND TYPE

$SYSTEM

Opens the bracket for input of system data.

This option is available in the SYSTEM card as a separate checkbox.

Name PARAMETER MODDAMP UnsupportedDataLin esSystem

Samcef

The following cards are supported in the Samcef interface:

Supported Cards

Solver Description

UNSUPPORTED_CA RDS

Supported Parameters

Notes

N/A

See also Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Model Setup

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Element Property and Material Assignement Rules Element property and material assignment rules are based on the current user profile (solver interface). There are two basic solver groups supported in HyperMesh; solver group1 and solver group2. Solver Group1 RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct Abaqus Nastran Solver Group2 RADIOSS (Block Format) LS-DYNA PAM-CRASH ANSYS PERMAS

Element Property and Material Assignment Rules for Solver Group1 Components have no card images. Properties are assigned to elements or components using the following rules in order: 1.

If a property is assigned directly to an element, then that property is the elements property regardless of any other property assignments. Properties are assigned directly to elements on the properties:assign subpanel.

2.

If there is no property assigned directly to an element, then the property assigned to the component the element is organized into becomes the elements property. Properties are assigned to components on the components:assign subpanel.

3.

If there is no property assigned to the component, then the element has no property assignment.

Materials are always assigned to properties. Elements are assigned the material of their assigned property. If a property has no assigned material, then all elements assigned to that property have no material assignment. Materials are assigned to properties on the properties:assign subpanel or properties:assign subpanel.

Solver Group1 Property/Material Assignment Schematic

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1392 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Element Property and Material Assignment Rules for Solver Group 2 Components have card images; typically "part" card images. Properties and materials are assigned to components only. There is no property or material assignment directly to elements. Properties and materials are assigned to components on the components:assign subpanel. Elements are assigned the property and material assigned to the component in which they are organized into. If a component is not assigned a property or material, then all elements within that component have no property or material assignment.

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Solver Group2 Property/Material Assignment Schematic

See also Components Properties Materials Browsers HyperMesh Entities & Solver Interfaces Model Setup

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1394 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Supported Cards by Solver RADIOSS (Block Format) /ACCEL /ACTIV /ACTN /ADMAS /ADMESH/GLOBAL /ADMESH/SET /ALE/BCS /ALE/DISP /ALE/DONEA /ALE/MAT /ALE/SPRING /ALE/STANDARD /ALE/ZERO /AMS /ANALY /ARCH /BCS /BEAM /BEGIN /BRIC20 /BRICK /CAA /CLOAD /CONVEC /CYL_JOINT /DAMP /DEF_SHELL /DEF_SOLID /DFS/DETLINE /DFS/DETPOIN /DFS/LASER /DFS/WAV_SHA /EBCS

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/FAIL /FAIL/CHANG /FAIL/CONNECT /FAIL/ENERGY /FAIL/FLD /FAIL/HASHIN /FAIL/JOHNSON /FAIL/LAD_DAM /FAIL/PUCK /FAIL/SPALLING /FAIL/TBUTCHER /FAIL/TENSSTRAIN /FAIL/USER1, FAIL/USER2 OR /FAIL/USER3 /FAIL/WIERZBICKI /FAIL/WILKINS /FAIL/XFEM /FRAME/FIX /FRAME/MOV /FRAME/MOV2 /FRAME/NOD /FUNCT /GRAV /GRBEAM /GRBEAM/BOX /GRBEAM/BOX2 /GRBEAM/BEAM /GRBEAM/GRBEAM /GRBEAM/MAT /GRBEAM/PART /GRBEAM/PROP /GRBEAM/SUBSET /GRBRIC /GRBRIC/BOX /GRBRIC/BOX2 /GRBRIC/BRIC /GRBRIC/GRBRIC /GRBRIC/MAT

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1396 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

/GRBRIC/PART /GRBRIC/PROP /GRBRIC/SUBSET /GRNOD /GRNOD/BOX /GRNOD/GENE /GRNOD/GRBEAM /GRNOD/GRBRIC /GRNOD/GRQUAD /GRNOD/GRSH3N /GRNOD/GRSHEL /GRNOD/GRSPRI /GRNOD/GRTRUS /GRNOD/MAT /GRNOD/NODE /GRNOD/NODENS /GRNOD/PART /GRNOD/PROP /GRNOD/SUBSET /GRNOD/SURF /GRPART /GRQUAD /GRQUAD/BOX /GRQUAD/BOX2 /GRQUAD/GRQUAD /GRQUAD/QUAD /GRQUAD/MAT /GRQUAD/PART /GRQUAD/PROP /GRQUAD/SUBSET /GRSH3N /GRSH3N/BOX /GRSH3N/BOX2 /GRSH3N/GRSH3N /GRSH3N/MAT /GRSH3N/PART /GRSH3N/PROP

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/GRSH3N/SH3N /GRSH3N/SUBSET /GRSHEL /GRSHEL/BOX /GRSHEL/BOX2 /GRSHEL/GRSHEL /GRSHEL/MAT /GRSHEL/PART /GRSHEL/PROP /GRSHEL/SHEL /GRSHEL/SUBSET /GRSPRI /GRSPRI/BOX /GRSPRI/BOX2 /GRSPRI/GRSPRI /GRSPRI/PART /GRSPRI/PROP /GRSPRI/SPRI /GRSPRI/SUBSET /GRTRUS /GRTRUS/BOX /GRTRUS/BOX2 /GRTRUS/GRTRUS /GRTRUS/MAT /GRTRUS/PART /GRTRUS/PROP /GRTRUS/SUBSET /GRTRUS/TRUS /HEAT/MAT /IMPACC /IMPDISP /IMPTEMP /IMPVEL /INISTA /INITEMP /INIVEL /INIVEL/AXIS

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1398 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

/INTER /INTER/LAGMUL/TYPE7 /INTER/TYPE1 /INTER/TYPE2 /INTER/TYPE3 /INTER/TYPE5 /INTER/TYPE6 /INTER/TYPE7 /INTER/TYPE8 /INTER/TYPE9 /INTER/TYPE10 /INTER/TYPE11 /INTER/TYPE12 /INTER/TYPE14 /INTER/TYPE15 /INTER/TYPE18 /INTER/TYPE19 /INTER/TYPE20 /INTER/TYPE21 /INITHICK/V5 /IOFLAG /LEVSET /LINE /LINE/BOX /LINE/BOX2 /LINE/EDGE /LINE/GRBEAM /LINE/GRTRUS /LINE/MAT /LINE/PROP /LINE/SEG /LINE/SURF /MAT /MAT/B-K-EPS /MAT/BARLAT3 /MAT/BIMAT /MAT/BIPHAS

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/MAT/BOLTZMAN /MAT/BOUND /MAT/CHANG /MAT/COMPSH /MAT/COMPSO /MAT/CONC /MAT/CONNECT /MAT/COSSER /MAT/COWPER /MAT/DAMA /MAT/DPRAG /MAT/DPRAG1 /MAT/ELAST /MAT/ELASTOMER /MAT/FABR_A /MAT/FABRI /MAT/FOAM_PLAS /MAT/FOAM_TAB /MAT/FOAM_VISC /MAT/GAS /MAT/GRAY /MAT/GURSON /MAT/HANSEL /MAT/HILL /MAT/HILL_MMC /MAT/HILL_TAB /MAT/HONEYCOMB /MAT/HYD_JCOOK /MAT/HYD_VISC /MAT/HYDPLA /MAT/HYDRO /MAT/JWL /MAT/K-EPS /MAT/KELVINMAX /MAT/LAW10 /MAT/LAW23 /MAT/LAW50 /MAT/LAW51

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/MAT/LAW53 /MAT/LAW54 /MAT/LAW62 /MAT/LAW63 /MAT/LAW65 /MAT/LAW66 /MAT/LAW82 /MAT/LEE_T /MAT/LES_FLUID /MAT/OGDEN /MAT/PLAS_BRIT /MAT/PLAS_DAMA /MAT/PLAS_JOHNS /MAT/PLAS_TAB /MAT/PLAS_T3 /MAT/PLAS_ZERIL /MAT/RIGID /MAT/SAMP /MAT/STEINB /MAT/THERM /MAT/TSAI_TAB /MAT/UGINE_ALZ /MAT/USERij /MAT/VISC_TAB /MAT/VOID /MAT/ZERIL /MAT/ZHAO /MEMORY /MONVOL /MONVOL/AIRBAG /MONVOL/AIRBAG1 /MONVOL/AREA /MONVOL/COMMU /MONVOL/FVMBAG /MONVOL/GAS /MONVOL/PRES /MOVE_FUNC

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/NODE /PART /PLOAD /PROP /PROP/BEAM /PROP/CONNECT /PROP/FLUID /PROP/INJECT1 /PROP/INJECT2 /PROP/INT_BEAM /PROP/KJOINT /PROP/PLY /PROP/POROUS /PROP/RIVET /PROP/SHELL /PROP/SH_COMP /PROP/SH_FABR /PROP/SH_ORTH /PROP/SH_PLY /PROP/SH_SANDW /PROP/STACK /PROP/SOLID /PROP/SOL_ORTH /PROP/SPH /PROP/SPRING /PROP/SPR_BEAM /PROP/SPR_GENE /PROP/SPR_PRE /PROP/SPR_PUL /PROP/TRUSS /PROP/TSHELL /PROP/TSH_ORTHO /PROP/TYPE0 /PROP/USER /QUAD /RADIATION /RANDOM

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/RBE2 /RBE3 /RBODY /REFSTA /RIVET /RLINK /RWALL /RWALL/CYL /RWALL/PARAL /RWALL/PLANE /RWALL/SPHER /RWALL/THERM /SECT /SENSOR /SENSOR/ACCE /SENSOR/AND /SENSOR/DIST /SENSOR/INTER /SENSOR/NOT /SENSOR/OR /SENSOR/RWAL/ /SENSOR/SENS /SENSOR/TIME /SHELL /SH3N /SKEW/MOV /SKEW/MOV2 /SPHBCS /SPHCEL /SPHGLO /SPH/INOUT /SPH/RESERVE /SPMD /SPRING /STAMPING /SUBSET /SURF

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/SURF/BOX /SURF/BOX2 /SURF/BOX/ALL /SURF/BOX/EXT /SURF/GRSHELL /SURF/MAT /SURF/MAT/ALL /SURF/MAT/EXT /SURF/PART /SURF/PART/ALL /SURF/PART/EXT /SURF/PROP /SURF/PROP/ALL /SURF/PROP/EXT /SURF/SEG /SURF/SRSH3N /SURF/SUBSET /SURF/SUBSET/ALL /SURF/SUBSET/EXT /SURF/SURF /TABLE /TETRA4 /TETRA10 /TH/ACCEL/ /TH/BEAM/ /TH/BRIC/ /TH/CYL_JO/ /TH/FRAME/ /TH/INTER/ /TH/MONV/ /TH/NODE/ /TH/QUAD/ /TH/PART/ /TH/RBODY/ /TH/RWALL/ /TH/SECTIO/ /TH/SH3N/

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/TH/SHEL/ /TH/SPHCEL/ /TH/SPRING/ /TH/SUBS /TH/TRUSS/ /THERM_STRESS/MAT /TITLE /TRANSFORM/ROT /TRANSFORM/SCA /TRANSFORM/SYM /TRANSFORM/TRA /TRUSS /UNIT /UPWIND /VISC_PRONEY RADIOSS (Fixed Format) Accelerometer ADMAS MLAW0 MLAW1 MLAW2 MLAW3 MLAW4 MLAW6 MLAW10 MLAW14 MLAW19 MLAW21 MLAW22 MLAW23 MLAW24 MLAW25 MLAW27 MLAW28 MLAW32 MLAW33

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MLAW34 MLAW35 MLAW36 MLAW38 MLAW40 MLAW42 Monitored Volume M_43_HILL_TAB PART Sections Sect Void/P0_VOID Sect Shell/P1_SHELL Sect Truss/P2_TRUS Sect Beam/P3_BEAM Sect Sprg/P4_SPRING Sect Rivet/P5_RIVET Sect Ort Sld/P6_SOL_ORTH Sect Abag Sect GenSpr/P8_SPR_GENE Sect OrtShl/P9_SH_ORTH Sect ComShl/P10_SH_COMP Sect ComShl2/P11_SH_SANDW Sect 3NSpr/P12_SPR_PUL Sect BemSpr/P13_SPR_BEAM Sect GenSol/P14_SOLID RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) ACCELERATION ACCLR ACMODL ACSRCE ANALYSIS ASET ASET1 B2GG BMFACE

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1406 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CAABSF CBAR CBEAM CBUSH CBUSH1D CDAMP1 CDAMP2 CDAMP3 CDAMP4 CELAS1 CELAS2 CELAS3 CELAS4 CGAP CGAPG CHACAB CHBDYE CHECK CHEXA (8-noded) CHEXA (20-noded) CMASS1 CMASS2 CMASS3 CMASS4 CMBEAM CMSMETH CMSPDP CONM1 CONM2 CONROD CONTACT CONTF CONTPRM CONV CORD1C CORD1R CORD1S

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CORD2C CORD2R CORD2S CORD3R CORD4R CPENTA (6-noded) CPENTA (15-noded) CPYRA (5-noded) CPYRA (13-noded) CQUAD4 CQUAD8 CROD CSHEAR CSTRAIN CSTRESS CTETRA (4-noded) CTETRA (10-noded) CTRIA3 CTRIA6 CTUBE CVISC CWELD DAMAGE DAREA DCOMP DCONADD DCONSTR DDVAL DEBUG DEFORM DENSITY DENSRES DEQATN DESGLB DESHIS DESOBJ DESSUB

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DESVAR DESVARG DISPLACEMENT DLINK DLINK2 DLOAD DMIGNAME DOBJREF DOPTPRM DPENTA6 DRESP1 DRESP2 DSCREEN DSHAPE DSHUFFLE DSIZE DSYSID DTABLE DTI_SPECSEL DTI_UNITS DTPG DTPL DVCREL1 DVCREL2 DVGRID DVMREL1 DVMREL2 DVPREL1 DVPREL2 ECHO EIGC EIGRL EIGVNAME EIGVRETRIEVE EIGVSAVE ELFORCE ENERGY

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ESE EXCLUDE FATDEF FATEVNT FATLOAD FATPARM FATSEQ FLUX FORCE FORMAT FREQ FREQ1 FREQ2 FREQ3 FREQ4 FREQ5 FREQUENCY GAPPRM GLOBAL_CASE_CONTROL GPFORCE GPSTRESS GRAV GRDSET GRID GROUND HISOUT HM_ELAS HMSPRING IC INCLUDE_BULK INCLUDE_CTRL INFILE INVEL INVELB JOINT K2GG K2PP

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1410 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

K42GG LABEL LIFE LOAD LOADLIB M2GG MARKER MAT1 MAT2 MAT4 MAT5 MAT8 MAT9 MAT10 MATFAT MATS1 MATT1 MATT2 MATT8 MATT9 MATX02 MATX13 MATX27 MATX33 MATX36 MATX42 MATX44 MATX62 MATX65 MATX70 MATX82 MBACT MBCNTDS MBCNTR MBCRV MBDCRV MBDEACT

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MBDSRF MBFORCE MBFRC MBFRCC MBLIN MBMNT MBMNTC MBPCRV MBSEQ MBSIM MBSIMP METHOD MINMAX MLOAD MODEL MODEWEIGHT MOMENT MOTION MOTNG MOTNGC MPC MPCADD MPCFORCE MPCFORCES MSGLMT NLOAD (Constraint Load) NLOAD (Case Control) NLOAD1 NLPARM NSM (Global Case Control Card) NSMADD NSM1 NSML1 OFREQUENCY OLOAD OMODES OSDIAG

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OTIME OUTFILE OUTPUT P2G PAABSF PACABS PANEL PARAM PBAR PBARL PBEAM PBEAML PBUSH PBUSH1D PCOMP PCOMPG PCOMPP PCONT PCONV PDAMP PELAS PFAT PFBODY PFGRID PFMODE PFPANEL PGAP PLOAD PLOAD1 PLOAD2 PLOAD4 PLOTEL PLOTEL3 PLOTEL4 PLY PMASS PRBODY

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Altair Engineering

PRESSURE PROD PROPERTY PSHEAR PSHELL PSOLID PTUBE PVISC PWELD QBDY1 QVOL RANDPS RBAR RBE2 RBE3 RESPRINT RESTART RESULTS RESVEC RFORCE RLOAD1 RLOAD2 RROD RSPEC RSPEC (Case Control) RWALL (Group) RWALL (Case Control) RWALLADD SCREEN SDAMPING SECT SENSITIVITY SENSOUT SET SHAPE SHRES SOLVTYP

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SPC SPCADD SPCD SPCFORCES SPOINT STACK STATSUB STRAIN STRESS SUBCASE SUBTITLE SUPORT SUPORT1 SURF SWLDPRM SYSSETTING TABDMP1 TABLED1 TABLED2 TABLED3 TABLED4 TABLEFAT TABLEM1 TABLEM2 TABLEM3 TABLEM4 TABLES1 TABRND1 TEMP TEMPD THERMAL THICKNESS THIN TIC TIE TITLE TLOAD1

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TLOAD2 TMPDIR TSTEP TTERM UNITS USET USET1 VELOCITY WEIGHT XDAMP XHIST (Output Block) XHIST (Case Control) XHISTADD XSHLPRM XSOLPRM XSTEP (Load Collector) Abaqus

To create Abaqus cards, load the Abaqus user profile and select the appropriate template (Standard.2d, Standard.3d, or Explicit). The supported Abaqus cards: *AMPLITUDE *BEAM ADDED INERTIA *BEAM GENERAL SECTION *BEAM SECTION *BIAXIAL TEST DATA *BLOCKAGE *BOUNDARY *BUCKLE *BULK VISCOSITY *CECHARGE *CECURRENT *CFILM *CFLUX *CHANGE FRICTION *CLEARANCE

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*CLOAD *COHESIVE SECTION *COMBINED TEST DATA *CONDUCTIVITY *CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR *CONNECTOR CONSTITUTIVE REFERENCE *CONNECTOR CONTACT FORCE *CONNECTOR DAMPING *CONNECTOR ELASTICITY *CONNECTOR FAILURE *CONNECTOR FRICTION *CONNECTOR LOAD *CONNECTOR LOCK *CONNECTOR MOTION *CONNECTOR SECTION *CONNECTOR STOP *CONSTRAINT CONTROLS *CONTACT (General Contact) *CONTACT CLEARANCE *CONTACT CLEARANCE ASSIGNMENT *CONTACT CONTROLS *CONTACT CONTROLS ASSIGNMENT *CONTACT DAMPING (Explicit template) *CONTACT DAMPING (Standard templates) *CONTACT EXCLUSIONS *CONTACT FILE *CONTACT FORMULATION *CONTACT INCLUSIONS *CONTACT INTERFERENCE *CONTACT OUTPUT *CONTACT PAIR *CONTACT PRINT *CONTACT PROPERTY ASSIGNMENT *CONTACT PROPERTY ASSIGNMENT, PROPERTY=OFFSET FRACTION *CONTACT PROPERTY ASSIGNMENT, PROPERTY=THICKNESS *CONTROLS *COUPLING

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Altair Engineering

*CREEP *CRUSHABLE FOAM *CRUSHABLE FOAM HARDENING *DAMPING *DASHPOT *DECHARGE *DENSITY *DEPVAR *DFLUX *DIAGNOSTICS *DIELECTRIC *DISTRIBUTING *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING *DISTRIBUTION *DLOAD *DSLOAD *DYNAMIC *DYNAMIC (Explicit) *EL FILE *EL PRINT *ELASTIC *ELEMENT *ELEMENT OUTPUT *ELEMENT PROPERTIES *ELSET *EMBEDDED ELEMENT *ENERGY FILE *ENERGY OUTPUT *ENERGY PRINT *EQUATION *EULERIAN SECTION *EXPANSION *FASTENER (SPOT WELD) *FASTENER PROPERTY *FILE FORMAT *FILM *FILTER

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*FIXED MASS SCALING *FLUID BEHAVIOR *FLUID BULK *FLUID DENSITY *FLUID EXPANSION *FLUID PROPERTY *FREQUENCY *FRICTION (Explicit template) *FRICTION (Standard templates) *GAP *GASKET BEHAVIOR *GASKET CONTACT AREA *GASKET ELASTICITY *GASKET SECTION *GASKET THICKNESS BEHAVIOR *HEADING *HEAT TRANSFER *HYPERELASTIC *HYPERFOAM *INCREMENTATION OUTPUT *INERTIA RELIEF *INITIAL CONDITIONS (TYPE=PRESSURE) *INITIAL CONDITIONS (TYPE=TEMPERATURE) *INITIAL CONDITIONS (TYPE=VELOCITY) *INTEGRATED OUTPUT *INTEGRATED OUTPUT SECTION *JOINT *KINEMATIC *KINEMATIC COUPLING *LOAD CASE *MASS *MATERIAL *MEMBRANE SECTION *MODAL DYNAMIC *MODAL OUTPUT *MODEL CHANGE *MONITOR

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Altair Engineering

*MPC *MULLINS EFFECT *NODAL THICKNESS *NODE *NODE FILE *NODE OUTPUT *NODE PRINT *NONSTRUCTURAL MASS *NSET *ORIENTATION *OUTPUT *PHYSICAL CONSTANT *PIEZOELECTRIC *PLANAR TEST DATA *PLASTIC *PREPRINT *PRE-TENSION SECTION *PRINT *RADIATE *RATE DEPENDENT *RELEASE *RESTART *RESTART *RIGID BODY *ROTARY INERTIA *SECTION CONTROLS *SFILM *SHEAR FAILURE *SHEAR TEST DATA *SHELL GENERAL SECTION *SHELL SECTION *SHELL TO SOLID COUPLING *SIMPLE SHEAR TEST DATA *SOLID SECTION *SPECIFIC HEAT *SPRING *STATIC

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*STEADY STATE DYNAMICS *STEP *SURFACE *SURFACE BEHAVIOR (Explicit template) *SURFACE BEHAVIOR (Standard templates) *SURFACE INTERACTION (Explicit template) *SURFACE INTERACTION (Standard templates) *SURFACE PROPERTY ASSIGNMENT (Explicit template) *SURFACE SECTION *SURFACE SMOOTHING *SYSTEM *TEMPERATURE *TIE *TRANSFORM *TRANSVERSE SHEAR STIFFNESS *UNIAXIAL TEST DATA *USER MATERIAL *USER OUTPUT VARIABLES *VARIABLE MASS SCALING *VISCO *VISCOELASTIC *VOLUMETRIC TEST DATA Actran

The following Actran blocks are supported:

ACCELERATION ADMITTANCE ANALYSIS AXISYMMETRY BC_MESH BOUNDARY_CONDITION COUPLING_SURFACE DIMENSION DISCRETE DISPLACEMENT

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DISTRIBUTED_LOAD DISTRIBUTED_PRESSURE ELEMENT FIELD_POINT_SURFACE FREQUENCY_DOMAIN IMPERVIOUS INCIDENT_SURFACE INFINITE ADMITTANCE INFINITE_DOMAIN INFINITE_ELEMENT INFINITE_FLUID INFINITE_MESH INTERFACE LIGHTHILL MATERIAL (FLUID) MATERIAL (SHELL) MATERIAL (SOLID) MATERIAL (POROUS_UP) MATERIAL (POROUS_RIGID) MATERIAL (VISCOTHERMAL) MESH MEAN_FLOW MODAL_BASIS MODAL_EXTRACTION MODAL_SURFACE NODE OUTPUT_FRF OUTPUT_MAP POINT_LOAD POROUS_UP PRESSURE RADIATING_SURFACE RAYLEIGH_SURFACE RIGID_POROUS SAVE SHELL SOLID

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SOLVER SOURCE STIFFENER SUPER_CONNECTOR SUPER_ELEMENT TEMPERATURE_PRESSURE TITLE VELOCITY VISCOTHERMAL VISCOTHERMAL_FLUID ANSYS

The input translator recognizes the ANSYS cards listed below. If an unsupported field is found in a card, a message is displayed on the status bar. The messages are also printed to the file ansys.msg. General slash commands, SOLUTION commands, POST1 commands, and POST26 commands are referred to as control cards. Unrecognized cards are written to a *.hmx file.

ACEL ALPHAD ANTYPE ARCLEN ARCTRM /ASSIGN AUTOTS /BATCH BEAM3 BEAM4 BEAM23 BEAM24 BEAM44 BEAM54 BEAM188 BEAM189 BETAD /BFUNIF BF

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BF_FLUE BF_HGEN BF_TEMP BFE_FLUE BFE_HGEN BFE_TEMP BUCOPT CE CERIG CGLOC CGOMGA CIRCU124 CMACEL CMDOMEGA CMOMEGA CMGRP CNVTOL /COM COMBIN14 COMBIN39 COMBIN40 CONTA171 CONTA172 CONTA173 CONTA174 CONTA175 CONTA177 CONTA178 CONTAC12 CONTAC48 CONTAC49 CONTAC52 ConvBulkTe ConvFilmCo /COPY CP_ELEC CP_STRUC

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CRPLIM D_CONSTRNT D_TEMP D_VOLT DCGOMG /DELETE DELTIM DMPRAT DOF DOMEGA EMUNIT EQSLV ERESX EORIENT ETABLE EXPASS F_FLOW F_HEAT FLOTRAN FLUID FLUID29 FLUID30 FLUID80 FLUID116 FORCE FORCE2 HARFRQ HF118 HF119 HF120 HFLUX HM_COMP HREXP HROPT HROUT HYPER58 IC_CONSTRN

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IC_TEMP IC_VOLT IRLF KBC KUSE LINK1 LINK8 LINK10 LINK31 LINK32 LINK33 LINK34 LINK68 LINK180 LNSRCH LOCAL LSSOLVE LVSCALE MASS21 MASS71 MAT MATRIX27 MDAMP\ MESH200 MODE MODOPT MP MPDATA MPC184 MPTEMP MXPAND N NBLOCK NCNV NEQIT NLGEOM NROPT

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NSUBST OMEGA OUTRES PIPE16 PIPE18 PIPE20 PIPE60 PLANE2 PLANE13 PLANE25 PLANE35 PLANE42 PLANE53 PLANE55 PLANE67 PLANE75 PLANE77 PLANE78 PLANE82 PLANE83 PLANE121 PLANE145 PLANE146 PLANE162 PLANE182 PLANE183 PLANE223 /POST1 PRED PRESOL PRESSURE PRETS179 PSTRES RBE3 RSYS SECCONTROLS SECDATA

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SECOFFSET SECTYPE SFE SHELL28 SHELL41 SHELL43 SHELL51 SHELL57 SHELL61 SHELL63 SHELL91 SHELL93 SHELL99 SHELL131 SHELL132 SHELL143 SHELL150 SHELL157 SHELL163 SHELL181 SHELL208 SHELL209 SHELL281 SLOAD SOLID5 SOLID45 SOLID46 SOLID62 SOLID64 SOLID69 SOLID70 SOLID72 SOLID73 SOLID87 SOLID90 SOLID92 SOLID95

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SOLID96 SOLID97 SOLID98 SOLID117 SOLID147 SOLID148 SOLID164 SOLID168 SOLID185 SOLID186 SOLID187 SOLID191 SOLID226 SOLID227 SOLSH190 /SOLU SOLU SOLVE SSTIF /STITLE SUBOPT SURF151 SURF152 SURF153 SURF154 SURF156 /SYS TARGE169 TARGE170 TB TBDATA TIME TIMINT TINTP /TITLE TOFFST TOTAL

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TREF TRNOPT TUNIF /UNITS VISCO88 VISCO107 Note:

One component collector is created for every unique combination of Type, Real, Mat, and SECNUM. Surface loads on 1-D elements is not supported. Property collectors are created for each real set defined in the ANSYS deck. Material collectors are also created for each material ID encountered. The component in HyperMesh is different from the component (CM) in ANSYS.

LS-DYNA

The following cards are supported by LS-DYNA: *AIRBAG_ADIABATIC_GAS_MODEL_ID *AIRBAG_ALE *AIRBAG_ADVANCED_ALE *AIRBAG_HYBRID_CHEMKIN_ID *AIRBAG_HYBRID_ID *AIRBAG_HYBRID_JETTING_CM_ID *AIRBAG_HYBRID_JETTING_ID *AIRBAG_INTERACTION_ID *AIRBAG_LINEAR_FLUID_ID *AIRBAG_LOAD_CURVE_ID *AIRBAG_PARTICLE *AIRBAG_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY_BIRTH *AIRBAG_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY_BIRTH_RDT *AIRBAG_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY_RDT *AIRBAG_SIMPLE_AIRBAG_MODEL_ID *AIRBAG_SIMPLE_PRESSURE_VOLUME_ID *AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_ID *AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_JETTING_ID *AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_JETTING_CM *AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_JETTING_POP_ID *AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_JETTING_POP_CM *AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_MULTIPLE_JETTING_CM_ID

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*AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_MULTIPLE_JETTING_ID *AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_MULTIPLE_JETTING_POP_CM *AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_MULTIPLE_JETTING_POP_ID *AIRBAG_WANG_NEFSKE_POP_ID *ALE_MULTI_MATERIAL_GROUP *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_CURVE *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_GROUP *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_NODE *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_SWITCH *ALE_SMOOTHING *ALE_TANK_TEST *BOUNDARY_AMBIENT_EOS *BOUNDARY_CONVECTION_SET *BOUNDARY_FLUX_SET *BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING *BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING_2D *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_NODE *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_NODE_(ID) *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_RIGID *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_RIGID_(ID) *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION__RIGID_LOCAL_(ID) *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_SET_(ID) *BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET *BOUNDARY_SPC_NODE_(ID) *BOUNDARY_SPC_SET *BOUNDARY_SPC_SET_(ID) *BOUNDARY_SPH_FLOW *BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_NODE *BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_SET *CONSTRAINED_EXTRA_NODES_NODE *CONSTRAINED_EXTRA_NODES_SET *CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_BUTT_(ID) *CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_FILLET_(ID) *CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_SPOT_(ID) *CONSTRAINED_GLOBAL *CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_CYLINDRICAL

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*CONSTRAINED_JOINT_CYLINDRICAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_CYLINDRICAL_LOCAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_CYLINDRICAL_LOCAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_LOCKING(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_LOCKING_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_LOCKING_LOCAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_LOCKING_LOCAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_PLANAR(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_PLANAR_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_PLANAR_LOCAL_FAILURE_(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_PLANAR_LOCAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_REVOLUTE *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_REVOLUTE_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_REVOLUTE_LOCAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_REVOLUTE_LOCAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_SPHERICAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_SPHERICAL_LOCAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_SPHERICAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_SPHERICAL_LOCAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_STIFFNESS_FLEXION-TORSION *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_STIFFNESS_GENERALIZED *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_STIFFNESS_TRANSLATION *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_TRANSLATIONAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_TRANSLATIONAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_TRANSLATIONAL_LOCAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_TRANSLATIONAL_LOCAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_UNIVERSAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_UNIVERSAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_UNIVERSAL_LOCAL(ID) *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_UNIVERSAL_LOCAL_FAILURE(ID) *CONSTRAINED_LAGRANGE_IN_SOLID *CONSTRAINED_LINEAR *CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_GLOBAL *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY (2-Noded) *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_INERTIA *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_INERTIA (2-Noded)

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*CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_INERTIA _SPC *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_INERTIA _SPC (2-Noded) *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_SPC *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_SPC (2-Noded) *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET (2-Noded) *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET_ID *CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODIES *CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODY_STOPPERS *CONSTRAINED_RIVET *CONSTRAINED_SHELL_TO_SOLID *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD_FILTERED_FORCE_ID *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD_ID *CONSTRAINED_TIE_BREAK *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE *CONTACT_AIRBAG_SINGLE_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_AIRBAG_SINGLE_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_AUTO_MOVE *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_GENERAL(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_GENERAL_INTERIOR(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_GENERAL_INTERIOR_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_GENERAL_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_NODES_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_NODES_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_NODES_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_NODES_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_TIEBREAK(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE_SMOOTH_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH_MPP(ID)

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*CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_TIEBREAK(ID) *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_TIEBREAK_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_CONSTRAINT_NODES_TO_SURFACES(ID) *CONTACT_CONSTRAINT_NODES_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_CONSTRAINT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_CONSTRAINT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_DRAWBEAD(ID) *CONTACT_DRAWBEAD_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_ENTITY(ID) *CONTACT_ENTITY_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_ERODING_NODES_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_ERODING_NODES_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_ERODING_SINGLE_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_ERODING_SINGLE_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_ERODING_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_ERODING_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_FORCE_TRANSDUCER_CONSTRAINT(ID) *CONTACT_FORCE_TRANSDUCER_CONSTRAINT_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_FORCE_TRANSDUCER_PENALTY(ID) *CONTACT_FORCE_TRANSDUCER_PENALTY_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_NODES_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_NODES_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_NODES_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_NODES_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_ONEWAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_ONEWAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_ONEWAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_ONEWAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_ONEWAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_SMOOTH_MP P(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_ONEWAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_ONEWAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_ONEWAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_FORMING_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID)

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*CONTACT_FORMING_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_INTERIOR(ID) *CONTACT_INTERIOR_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_NODES_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_NODES_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE(ID) *CONTACT_NODES_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_NODES_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_NODES_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH *CONTACT_NODES_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE(ID) *CONTACT_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET(ID) *CONTACT_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_MPP (ID) *CONTACT_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_RIGID_BODY_ONE_WAY_TO_RIGID_BODY(ID) *CONTACT_RIGID_BODY_ONE_WAY_TO_RIGID_BODY_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_RIGID_BODY_TWO_WAY_TO_RIGID_BODY(ID) *CONTACT_RIGID_BODY_TWO_WAY_TO_RIGID_BODY_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_RIGID_NODES_TO_RIGID_BODY(ID) *CONTACT_RIGID_NODES_TO_RIGID_BODY_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_RIGID_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_RIGID_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_SINGLE_EDGE(ID) *CONTACT_SINGLE_EDGE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_SINGLE_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_SINGLE_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_SLIDING_ONLY(ID) *CONTACT_SLIDING_ONLY_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_SLIDING_ONLY_PENALTY(ID) *CONTACT_SLIDING_ONLY_PENALTY_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_SPOTWELD(ID) *CONTACT_SPOTWELD_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_SPOTWELD_WITH_TORSION(ID)

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*CONTACT_SPOTWELD_WITH_TORSION_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_MPP *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_SMOOTH *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_SMOOTH_MPP *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE(ID) *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_INTERFERENCE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_MPP *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_SMOOTH(ID) *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_THERMAL(ID) *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_THERMAL_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIEBREAK_NODES_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_TIEBREAK_NODES_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIEBREAK_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_TIEBREAK_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_NODE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_NODE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_NODE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_NODE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_NODE_TO_SURFACE_OFFSET(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_NODE_TO_SURFACE_OFFSET_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_BEAM_OFFSET(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_BEAM_OFFSET_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_OFFSET(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_OFFSET_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONSTRAINED_OFFSET_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_OFFSET(ID)

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*CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_OFFSET_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE(ID) *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_THERMAL_TITLE(ID) *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_THERMAL_TITLE_MPP(ID) *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_TITLE(ID) *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_TITLE_MPP(ID) *CONTROL_ACCURACY *CONTROL_ADAPSTEP *CONTROL_ADAPTIVE *CONTROL_ADAPTIVE_CURVE *CONTROL_ALE *CONTROL_BULK_VISCOSITY *CONTROL_CHECK *CONTROL_COARSEN *CONTROL_CONTACT *CONTROL_COUPLING *CONTROL_CPU *CONTROL_DYNAMIC_RELAXATION *CONTROL_EFG *CONTROL_ENERGY *CONTROL_EXPLOSIVE_SHADOW *CONTROL_HOURGLASS *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_AUTO *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_BUCKLE *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_DYNAMICS *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_EIGENVALUE *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_GENERAL *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_INERTIA_RELIEF *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_LINEAR *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_MODES *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_NONLINEAR *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLUTION *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLVER *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_STABILIZATION *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_TERMINATION *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_AUTOMATIC *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_CHECK_SPEED

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*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_CONTACT_DISTRIBUTE *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_CONTACT_ISOLATION *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_FILE *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_METHOD *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_NUMPROC *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_SHOW *CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_TRANSFORMATION *CONTROL_MPP_IO_NOD3DUMP *CONTROL_MPP_IO_NODUMP *CONTROL_MPP_IO_NOFULL *CONTROL_MPP_IO_SWAPBYTES *CONTROL_OUTPUT *CONTROL_PARALLEL *CONTROL_REMESHING *CONTROL_RIGID *CONTROL_SHELL *CONTROL_SOLID *CONTROL_SOLUTION *CONTROL_SPH *CONTROL_SPOTWELD_BEAM *CONTROL_STRUCTURED *CONTROL_STRUCTURED_TERM *CONTROL_SUBCYCLE *CONTROL_TERMINATION *CONTROL_THERMAL_NONLINEAR *CONTROL_THERMAL_SOLVER *CONTROL_THERMAL_TIMESTEP *CONTROL_TIMESTEP *DAMPING_FREQUENCY_RANGE *DAMPING_GLOBAL *DAMPING_PART_MASS *DAMPING_PART_STIFFNESS *DAMPING_RELATIVE *DATABASE_ABSTAT *DATABASE_ABSTAT_CPM *DATABASE_AVSFLT *DATABASE_BINARY_D3PLOT

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1438 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*DATABASE_BINARY_D3DRLF *DATABASE_BINARY_D3THDT *DATABASE_BINARY_D3DUMP *DATABASE_BINARY_FSIFOR *DATABASE_BINARY_INTFOR *DATABASE_BINARY_RUNRSF *DATABASE_BINARY_XTFILE *DATABASE_BNDOUT *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_PLANE(ID) *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_SET(ID) *DATABASE_DCFAIL *DATABASE_DEFGEO *DATABASE_DEFORC *DATABASE_ELOUT *DATABASE_EXTENT_AVS *DATABASE_EXTENT_BINARY *DATABASE_EXTENT_MOVIE *DATABASE_EXTENT_MPGS *DATABASE_EXTENT_SSSTAT *DATABASE_FORMAT *DATABASE_FSI *DATABASE_GCEOUT *DATABASE_GLSTAT *DATABASE_HISTORY_BEAM(ID) *DATABASE_HISTORY_BEAM_SET *DATABASE_DISCRETE *DATABASE_DISCRETE_SET *DATABASE_HISTORY_NODE(ID) *DATABASE_HISTORY_NODE_LOCAL(ID) *DATABASE_HISTORY_NODE_SET *DATABASE_HISTORY_NODE_SET_LOCAL *DATABASE_HISTORY_NODE_SET_LOCAL(ID) *DATABASE_HISTORY_SEATBELT *DATABASE_HISTORY_SHELL *DATABASE_HISTORY_SHELL(ID) *DATABASE_HISTORY_SHELL_SET *DATABASE_HISTORY_SOLID

1439 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

*DATABASE_HISTORY_SOLID(ID) *DATABASE_HISTORY_SOLID_SET *DATABASE_HISTORY_SPH *DATABASE_HISTORY_TSHELL *DATABASE_HISTORY_TSHELL(ID) *DATABASE_HISTORY_TSHELL_SET *DATABASE_JNTFORC *DATABASE_MATSUM *DATABASE_MOVIE *DATABASE_MPGS *DATABASE_NCFORC *DATABASE_NODAL_FORCE_GROUP *DATABASE_NODFOR *DATABASE_NODOUT *DATABASE_OPTION *DATABASE_RBDOUT *DATABASE_RCFORC *DATABASE_RWFORC *DATABASE_SBTOUT *DATABASE_SECFORC *DATABASE_SLEOUT *DATABASE_SPCFORC *DATABASE_SPHOUT *DATABASE_SPRING_FORWARD *DATABASE_SSSTAT *DATABASE_SUPERELASTIC_FORMING *DATABASE_SWFORC *DATABASE_TPRINT *DATABASE_TRACER *DATABASE_TRHIST *DEFINE_ALEBAG_BAG *DEFINE_ALEBAG_HOLE *DEFINE_ALEBAG_INFLATOR *DEFINE_BOX *DEFINE_BOX_ADAPTIVE *DEFINE_BOX_COARSEN *DEFINE_BOX_DRAWBEAD

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1440 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*DEFINE_BOX_SPH *DEFINE_CONNECTION_PROPERTIES *DEFINE_COORDINATE_NODES *DEFINE_COORDINATE_SYSTEM *DEFINE_COORDINATE_VECTOR *DEFINE_CURVE *DEFINE_CURVE_FEEDBACK *DEFINE_CURVE_SMOOTH *DEFINE_CURVE_TRIM *DEFINE_CURVE_TRIM_3D *DEFINE_HEX_SPOTWELD_ASSEMBLY *DEFINE_HEX_SPOTWELD_ASSEMBLY_N *DEFINE_SD_ORIENTATION *DEFINE_TABLE *DEFINE_TRANSFORMATION *DEFINE_VECTOR *DEFORMABLE_TO_RIGID *DEFORMABLE_TO_RIGID_AUTOMATIC *DEFORMABLE_TO_RIGID_INERTIA *ELEMENT_BEAM *ELEMENT_BEAM_OFFSET *ELEMENT_BEAM_OFFSET_PID *ELEMENT_BEAM_OFFSET_THICKNESS *ELEMENT_BEAM_ORIENTATION *ELEMENT_BEAM_PID *ELEMENT_BEAM_SCALAR *ELEMENT_BEAM_THICKNESS *ELEMENT_DISCRETE *ELEMENT_INERTIA *ELEMENT_INERTIA_OFFSET *ELEMENT_MASS *ELEMENT_MASS_NODE_SET *ELEMENT_MASS_PART *ELEMENT_MASS_PART_SET *ELEMENT_PLOTEL *ELEMENT_SEATBELT *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER

1441 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_PRETENSIONER *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_RETRACTOR *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_SENSOR *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_SLIPRING *ELEMENT_SHELL *ELEMENT_SHELL_BETA *ELEMENT_SHELL_BETA_OFFSET *ELEMENT_SHELL_DOF *ELEMENT_SHELL_MCID *ELEMENT_SHELL_MCID_OFFSET *ELEMENT_SHELL_OFFSET *ELEMENT_SHELL_THICKNESS *ELEMENT_SHELL_THICKNESS_BETA *ELEMENT_SHELL_THICKNESS_BETA_OFFSET *ELEMENT_SHELL_THICKNESS_MCID *ELEMENT_SHELL_THICKNESS_MCID_OFFSET *ELEMENT_SHELL_THICKNESS_OFFSET *ELEMENT_SOLID *ELEMENT_SOLID_ORTHO *ELEMENT_SOLID_TET4TOTET10 *ELEMENT_SPH *ELEMENT_TRIM *ELEMENT_TSHELL *END *EOS_GRUNEISEN (EOS 4) *EOS_IDEAL_GAS (EOS 12) *EOS_IGNITION_AND_GROWTH_OF_REACTION_IN_HE (EOS 7) *EOS_JWL (EOS 2) *EOS_LINEAR_POLYNOMIAL (EOS 1) *EOS_LINEAR_POLYNOMIAL_WITH_ENERGY_LEAK (EOS 6) *EOS_PROPELLANT_DEFLAGRATION (EOS 10) *EOS_RATIO_OF_POLYNOMIALS (EOS 5) *EOS_SACK_TUESDAY (EOS 3) *EOS_TABULATED (EOS 9) *EOS_TABULATED_COMPACTION (EOS 8) *EOS_TENSOR_PORE_COLLAPSE (EOS11) *HOURGLASS

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1442 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*INCLUDE_COMPENSATION *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_BLANK_AFTER_SPRINGBACK *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_BLANK_BEFORE_SPRINGBACK *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_COMPENSATED_SHAPE *INCLUDE_COMPENSATION_DESIRED_BLANK_SHAPE *INCLUDE_CURRENT_TOOLS *INCLUDE_STAMPED_PART *INCLUDE_TRANSFORM *INITIAL_AXIAL_FORCE_BEAM *INITIAL_DETONATION *INITIAL_FOAM_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY *INITIAL_GAS_MIXTURE *INITIAL_MOMENTUM *INITIAL_STRAIN_SHELL *INITIAL_STRAIN_SOLID *INITIAL_STRESS_BEAM *INITIAL_STRESS_SECTION *INITIAL_STRESS_SHELL *INITIAL_STRESS_SOLID *INITIAL_TEMPERATURE_NODE *INITIAL_TEMPERATURE_SET *INITIAL_VEHICLE_KINEMATICS *INITIAL_VELOCITY *INITIAL_VELOCITY_GENERATION *INITIAL_VELOCITY_NODE *INITIAL_VELOCITY_RIGID_BODY *INITIAL_VOID *INITIAL_VOLUME_FRACTION *INITIAL_VOLUME_FRACTION_GEOMETRY *INTEGRATION_BEAM *INTEGRATION_SHELL *INTERFACE_COMPENSATION_NEW *INTERFACE_COMPONENT_NODE *INTERFACE_COMPONENT_SEGMENT *INTERFACE_LINKING_DISCRETE_NODE_SET *INTERFACE_LINKING_EDGE *INTERFACE_LINKING_SEGMENT *INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK

1443 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

*INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_LSDYNA *INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_LSDYNA_NOTHICKNESS *INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_LSDYNA_THICKNESS *INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_NASTRAN *INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_NASTRAN_NOTHICKNESS *INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_NASTRAN_THICKNESS *INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_SEAMLESS *INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_SEAMLESS_NOTHICKNESS *INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_SEAMLESS_THICKNESS *LOAD_BEAM_ELEMENT *LOAD_BEAM_SET *LOAD_BLAST *LOAD_BODY_GENERALIZED *LOAD_BODY_PARTS *LOAD_BODY_RX *LOAD_B0DY_RY *LOAD_BODY_RZ *LOAD_BODY_X *LOAD_BODY_Y *LOAD_BODY_Z *LOAD_BRODE *LOAD_MASK *LOAD_NODE_POINT *LOAD_NODE_SET *LOAD_RIGID_BODY *LOAD_SEGMENT *LOAD_SEGMENT_ID *LOAD_SEGMENT_SET_ID *LOAD_SHELL_ELEMENT *LOAD_SHELL_ELEMENT_ID *LOAD_SHELL_PRESSURE *LOAD_SHELL_SET_ID *LOAD_SUPERELASTIC_FORMING *LOAD_THERMAL_CONSTANT *LOAD_THERMAL_CONSTANT_NODE *LOAD_THERMAL_LOAD_CURVE *LOAD_THERMAL_VARIABLE

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1444 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*LOAD_THERMAL_VARIABLE_NODE *LOAD_THERMAL_VARIABLE_SHELL *LOAD_THERMAL_VARIABLE_SHELL_SET *MAT_ACOUSTIC *MAT_ADD_EROSION *MAT_ANISOTROPIC_ELASTIC *MAT_ANISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_PLASTIC *MAT_ANISOTROPIC_PLASTIC *MAT_ANISOTROPIC_VISCOPLASTIC *MAT_ARRUDA_BOYCE_RUBBER *MAT_ARUP_ADHESIVE *MAT_BAMMAN *MAT_BAMMAN_DAMAGE *MAT_BARLAT_ANISOTROPIC_PLASTICITY *MAT_BARLAT_YLD2000 *MAT_BARLAT_YLD96 *MAT_BILKHU/DUBOIS_FOAM *MAT_BLATZ-KO_FOAM *MAT_BLATZ-KO_RUBBER *MAT_BRITTLE_DAMAGE *MAT_CABLE_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_CELLULAR_RUBBER *MAT_COHESIVE_ELASTIC *MAT_CLOSED_CELL_FOAM *MAT_COMPOSITE_DAMAGE *MAT_COMPOSITE_FAILURE_MODEL *MAT_COMPOSITE_FAILURE_SHELL_MODEL *MAT_COMPOSITE_FAILURE_SOLID_MODEL *MAT_COMPOSITE_LAYUP *MAT_CONCRETE_DAMAGE *MAT_CORUS_VEGTER *MAT_CRUSHABLE_FOAM *MAT_CSCM *MAT_CSCM_CONCRETE *MAT_DAMPER_NONLINEAR_VISCUOUS *MAT_DAMPER_VISCOUS *MAT_DESHPANDE_FLECK_FOAM

1445 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

*MAT_ELASTIC *MAT_ELASTIC_FLUID *MAT_ELASTIC_PLASTIC_HYDRO *MAT_ELASTIC_PLASTIC_THERMAL *MAT_ELASTIC_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_ELASTIC_VISCOPLASTIC_THERMAL *MAT_ELASTIC_WITH_VISCOSITY *MAT_ELASTIC_6DOF_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_ENHANCED_COMPOSITE_DAMAGE *MAT_FABRIC *MAT_FINITE_ELASTIC_STRAIN_PLASTICITY *MAT_FLD_TRANSVERSELY_ANISOTROPIC *MAT_FLD_3_PARAMETER_BARLAT *MAT_FORCE_LIMITED *MAT_FRAZER_NASH_RUBBER_MODEL *MAT_FU_CHANG_FOAM *MAT_GAS_MIXTURE *MAT_GENERAL_JOINT_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_GENERAL_NONLINEAR_1DOF_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_GENERAL_NONLINEAR_6DOF_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_GENERAL_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_GENERAL_VISCOELASTIC *MAT_GEOLOGIC_CAP_MODEL *MAT_GEPLASTIC_SRATE_2000a *MAT_GURSON *MAT_GURSON_JC *MAT_HIGH_EXPLOSIVE_BURN *MAT_HILL_FOAM *MAT_HILL_3R *MAT_HONEYCOMB *MAT_HYDRAULIC_GAS_DAMPER_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_HYPERELASTIC_RUBBER *MAT_INELASTIC_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_INELASTIC_6DOF_SPRING_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_ISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_FAILURE *MAT_ISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_PLASTIC *MAT_JOHNSON_COOK

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1446 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*MAT_JOHNSON_HOLMQUIST_CERAMICS *MAT_KELVIN-MAXWELL_VISCOELASTIC *MAT_KINEMATIC_HARDENING_TRANSVERSELY_ANISOTROPIC *MAT_LAMINATED_COMPOSITE_FABRIC *MAT_LAMINATED_GLASS *MAT_LAYERED_LINEAR_PLASTICITY *MAT_LINEAR_ELASTIC_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_LOW_DENSITY_FOAM *MAT_LOW_DENSITY_SYNTHETIC_FOAM *MAT_LOW_DENSITY_SYNTHETIC_FOAM_ORTHO *MAT_LOW_DENSITY_SYNETHIC_FOAM_ORTHO_WITH_FAILURE *MAT_LOW_DENSITY_SYNTHETIC_FOAM_WITH_FAILURE *MAT_LOW_DENSITY_VISCOUS_FOAM *MAT_MODIFIED_CRUSHABLE_FOAM *MAT_MODIFIED_HONEYCOMB *MAT_MODIFIED_PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY *MAT_MODIFIED_PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY_RATE *MAT_MODIFIED_ZERILLI_ARMSTRONG *MAT_MOONEY_RIVLIN_RUBBER *MAT_MTS *MAT_NONLINEAR_ELASTIC_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_NONLINEAR_ORTHOTROPIC *MAT_NONLINEAR_PLASTIC_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_NULL *MAT_OGDEN_RUBBER *MAT_ORIENTED_CRACK *MAT_ORTHOTROPIC_ELASTIC *MAT_ORTHOTROPIC_THERMAL *MAT_ORTHOTROPIC_VISCOELASTIC *MAT_PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY *MAT_PLASTICITY_COMPRESSION_TENSION *MAT_PLASTICITY_COMPRESSION_TENSION_E0S *MAT_PLASTIC_KINEMATIC *MAT_PLASTICITY_POLYMER *MAT_PLASTICITY_WITH_DAMAGE *MAT_PLASTICITY_WITH_DAMAGE_ORTHO *MAT_PLASTICITY_WITH_DAMAGE_RCDC

1447 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

*MAT_POWER_LAW_PLASTICITY *MAT_PSEUDO_TENSOR *MAT_RATE_SENSITIVE_POWERLAW_PLASTICITY *MAT_RESULTANT_ANISOTROPIC *MAT_RESULTANT_PLASTICITY *MAT_RIGID *MAT_SAMP-1 *MAT_SCHWER_MURRARY_CAP_MODEL *MAT_SEATBELT *MAT_SHAPE_MEMORY *MAT_SID_DAMPER_DISCRETE_BEAM *MAT_SIMPLIFIED_JOHNSON_COOK *MAT_SIMPLIFIED_JOHNSON_COOK_ORTHOTROPIC_DAMAGE *MAT_SIMPLIFIED_RUBBER *MAT_SIMPLIFIED_RUBBER_WITH_DAMAGE *MAT_SOIL_AND_FOAM *MAT_SOIL_AND_FOAM_FAILURE *MAT_SPOTWELD *MAT_SPOTWELD_DAIMLER_CHRYSLER *MAT_SPOTWELD_DAMAGE *MAT_SPRING_ELASTIC *MAT_SPRING_ELASTOPLASTIC *MAT_SPRING_GENERAL_NONLINEAR *MAT_SPRING_INELASTIC *MAT_SPRING_MAXWELL *MAT_SPRING_NONLINEAR_ELASTIC *MAT_STEINBERG *MAT_STEINBERG_LUND *MAT_STRAIN_RATE_DEPENDENT_PLASTICITY *MAT_TEMPERATURE_DEPENDENT_ORTHOTROPIC *MAT_THERMAL_ISOTROPIC *MAT_THERMAL_ISOTROPIC_TD_LC *MAT_THERMAL_ORTHOTROPIC *MAT_TRANSVERSELY_ANISOTROPIC_CRUSHABLE_FOAM *MAT_TRANSVERSELY_ANISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_PLASTIC *MAT_TRANSVERSELY_ANISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_PLASTIC_ECHANGE *MAT_TRIP

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1448 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*MAT_UNSUPPORTED *MAT_USER_DEFINED_MATERIAL *MAT_VACUUM *MAT_VISCOELASTIC *MAT_VISCOELASTIC_HILL_FOAM *MAT_VISCOUS_FOAM *MAT_WINFRITH_CONCRETE *MAT_WOOD *MAT_WOOD_FIR *MAT_WOOD_OPTION *MAT_WOOD_PINE *MAT_1DOF_GENERALIZED_SPRING *MAT_3-PARAMETER_BARLAT *NODE *NODE_RIGID_SURFACE *NODE_TRANSFORM *PART *PART_COMPOSITE *PART_COMPOSITE_CONTACT *PART_CONTACT *PART_CONTACT_PRINT *PART_INERTIA *PART_INERTIA_CONTACT *PART_INERTIA_CONTACT_PRINT *PART_INERTIA_PRINT *PART_MOVE *PART_PRINT *PART_REPOSITION *PART_REPOSITION_CONTACT *PART_REPOSITION_CONTACT_PRINT *PART_REPOSITION_PRINT *PART_SENSOR *RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_CYLINDER(ID) *RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_CYLINDER_MOTION(ID) *RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_FLAT(ID) *RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_FLAT_MOTION(ID) *RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_PRISM(ID)

1449 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

*RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_PRISM_MOTION(ID) *RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_SPHERE(ID) *RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_SPHERE_MOTION(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_FINITE(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_FINITE_FORCES_MOVING(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_FINITE_MOVING(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_FORCE(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_FORCE_FINITE(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_FORCES_MOVING(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_MOVING(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_ORTHO(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_ORTHO_FINITE_FORCES(ID) *RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_ORTHO_FORCES(ID) *SECTION_BEAM(TITLE) *SECTION_DISCRETE(TITLE) *SECTION_POINT_SOURCE(TITLE) *SECTION_POINT_SOURCE_MIXTURE(TITLE) *SECTION_SEATBELT(TITLE) *SECTION_SHELL(TITLE) *SECTION_SHELL_ALE(TITLE) *SECTION_SHELL_EFG(TITLE) *SECTION_SOLID(TITLE) *SECTION_SOLID_ALE(TITLE) *SECTION_SOLID_EFG(TITLE) *SECTION_SPH *SECTION_TSHELL(TITLE) *SENSOR_CONTROL *SENSOR_DEFINE_CALC_MATH *SENSOR_DEFINE_ELEMENT *SENSOR_DEFINE_FORCE *SENSOR_DEFINE_NODE *SENSOR_SWITCH *SENSOR_SWITCH_CALC_LOGIC *SET_BEAM(TITLE) *SET_BEAM_ADD *SET_BEAM_GENERATE(TITLE)

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1450 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

*SET_DISCRETE(TITLE) *SET_DISCRETE_ADD *SET_DISCRETE_GENERAL *SET_DISCRETE_GENERATE(TITLE) *SET_MULTI_MATERIAL_GROUP_LIST(TITLE) *SET_NODE_ADD *SET_NODE_ADD_ADVANCED *SET_NODE_COLUMN *SET_NODE_LIST(TITLE) *SET_NODE_LIST_GENERATE(TITLE) *SET_PART_ADD *SET_PART_COLUMN(TITLE) *SET_PART_LIST_GENERATE(TITLE) *SET_SEGMENT *SET_SEGMENT(TITLE) *SET_SEGMENT_GENERAL *SET_SEGMENT_GENERATE(TITLE) *SET_SHELL_ADD *SET_SHELL_COLUMN *SET_SHELL_LIST(TITLE) *SET_SHELL_LIST_GENERATE(TITLE) *SET_SOLID(TITLE) *SET_SOLID_ADD *SET_SOLID_ADD(TITLE) *SET_SOLID_GENERAL *SET_SOLID_GENERAL(TITLE) *SET_SOLID_GENERATE(TITLE) *SET_TSHELL(TITLE) *SET_TSHELL_GENERAL *SET_TSHELL_GENERAL(TITLE) *SET_TSHELL_GENERATE(TITLE) *SPRINGBACK MADYMO

The following cards are supported in MADYMO:

1451 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

ACTUATOR AIRBAG_CHAMBER AMPLIFICATION.ABS_POLY AMPLIFICATION.EXP AMPLIFICATION.LOG AMPLIFICATION.POLY ANIMATION BELT BELT_FUSE BELT_RETRACTOR BELT_SEGMENT BELT_TYING BODY.DEFORMABLE BODY.FLEXIBLE_BEAM BODY.RIGID CHAR_MOD CHARACTERISTIC.CONTACT CHARACTERISTIC.LOAD CHARACTERISTIC.MATERIAL COMP_SIX_DOF COMPONENT CONNECT_N2 CONNECT_N3 CONSTRAINT.LINEAR CONSTRAINT.RIGID_FE CONSTRAINT.SIMPLE CONTACT_EVALUATE CONTACT.FE_FE CONTACT_FORCE CONTACT.MB_FE CONTACT.MB_MB CONTROL_AIRBAG CONTROL_ALLOCATION CONTROL_ANALYSIS CONTROL_FE_MODEL CONTROL_FE_TIME_STEP CONTROL_IMM

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1452 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CONTROL_OUTPUT CONTROL_SYSTEM CONTROLLER COORDINATE.CARTESIAN COORDINATE_REF.CARTESIAN COUPLING_BODY COUPLING_SURFACE DAMAGE ELEMENT.MASS1 EQUATION.MASTER EQUATION.SLAVE FE_CRDSYS FE_MODEL FUNC_MOD FUNCTION.XY GAS GAS_FLOW_GRID GAS_MIXTURE GAS_MIXTURE_VARIABLE GROUP_FE GROUP_MB HOLE HOLE_AREA HOLE_SUBSEGMENT INFLATOR INFLATOR.CHAR INFLATOR.DEF INFLATOR.REF INJURY JET JOINT LAYER LOAD MADYMO MATERIAL.ANISO MATERIAL.FABRIC MATERIAL.FOAM

1453 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

MATERIAL.HOLE MATERIAL.HONEYCOMB MATERIAL.HONEYCOMB_PLASTIC MATERIAL.HYSISO MATERIAL.INTERFACE MATERIAL.ISOLIN MATERIAL ISOLIN MATERIAL ISOPLA MATERIAL.KELVIN1D MATERIAL.KELVIN1D_NL MATERIAL.KELVIN3D MATERIAL KELVIN3D_NL MATERIAL LINVIS MATERIAL MOONRIV MATERIAL NULL MATERIAL ORTHOLIN MATERIAL ORTHOLIN_LAYERED MATERIAL ORTHOPLA MATERIAL RIGID MATERIAL SANDWICH MATERIAL STRAP MATERIAL TONER MATERIAL USER MATERIAL.VISCO_NL MODE MODE_SHAPE MOTION.NODE MOTION_STRUCT_FE OPERATOR ORIENTATION.MATRIX ORIENTATION.SCREW_AXIS ORIENTATION.SUCCESSIVE_ROT ORIENTATION.VECTOR OUTPUT_AIRBAG_CHAMBER OUTPUT_ANIMATION OUTPUT_BELT OUTPUT_BODY

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1454 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

OUTPUT_BODY_REL OUTPUT_CONTACT OUTPUT_CONTROL_SYSTEM OUTPUT_CROSS_SECTION OUTPUT_ELEMENT OUTPUT_ELEMENT_INITIAL OUTPUT_ENERGY_FE_MODEL OUTPUT_JET OUTPUT_JOINT_CONSTRAINT OUTPUT_JOINT_DOF OUTPUT_MARKER OUTPUT_MOTION_STRUCT OUTPUT_NODE OUTPUT_NODE_INITIAL OUTPUT_RESTRAINT OUTPUT_SENSOR OUTPUT_SYSTEM_COG PART PERMEABILITY POINT_OBJECT POINT_OBJECT_1_MB POINT_OBJECT_2_MB POINT_OBJECT_FE POINT_OBJECT_1_FE POINT_OBJECT_2_FE PORT PRINT_MARKER PRINT_OUTPUT_FE PROPERTY.BEAM2_BOX PROPERTY.BEAM2_CIRCULAR PROPERTY.BEAM2_DISCRETE PROPERTY.BEAM2_GENERAL PROPERTY2.BEAM2_PIPE PROPERTY.BEAM2_RECTANGULAR PROPERTY.BEAM2_USER PROPERTY.FACET6 PROPERTY.INTERFACE4

1455 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

PROPERTY.MEM3 PROPERTY.MEM3_LAYERED PROPERTY.MEM3NL PROPERTY.MEM3NL_LAYERED PROPERTY.MEM4 PROPERTY.MEM4NL PROPERTY.SHELL3 PROPERTY.SHELL4 PROPERTY.SHELL4_LAYERED PROPERTY.SHELL6 PROPERTY.SOLID4 PROPERTY.SOLID8 PROPERTY.TRUSS2 PROPERTY.USERL2 PROPERTY.USERL3 PROPERTY.USERP3 PROPERTY.USERP4 PROPERTY.USERV8 RATE RESTRAINT.CARDAN RESTRAINT.JOINT RESTRAINT.KELVIN RESTRAINT.POINT RESTRAINT.SIX_DOF RESULT_ANIMATION_FE RIGID_ELEMENT RUNID SCALING SELECT SENSOR SIGNAL SPOTWELD.NODE_NODE SPOTWELD.THREE_NODE STATE STRAP SUPPORT SURFACE.CYLINDER

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1456 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

SURFACE.PLANE SWITCH SYSTEM.MODEL SYSTEM.REF_SPACE TIME_HISTORY_CONTACT TIME_HISTORY_ENERGY TIME_HISTORY_FE TIME_HISTORY_MB TIME_HISTORY_SYSTEM USER_INT Marc ASSUMED (ASSUMED STRAIN) AUTO INCREMENT Body 3D Deformable Body 3D Rigid CBUSH Constant Dilatation Contact Header Contact Table CONTACT_TYPE Disp_chang DIST_LOADS DIST LOADS (CONTROL CARD) E_1 E_2 E_3 E_5 E_6 E_7 E_9 E_10 E_11 E_14 E_18 E_20 E_21

1457 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

E_25 E_26 E_27 E_28 E_29 E_32 E_33 E_34 E_35 E_38 E_39 E_45 E_52 E_53 E_54 E_55 E_57 E_58 E_59 E_60 E_61 E_63 E_64 E_66 E_67 E_68 E_69 E_70 E_74 E_75 E_78 E_80 E_81 E_82 E_83 E_84 E_89 E_95

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1458 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

E_96 E_98 E_114 E_115 E_116 E_117 E_118 E_119 E_120 E_124 E_125 E_126 E_127 E_128 E_129 E_130 E_134 E_138 E_139 E_140 E_157 E-195 ELSTO FEATURE Finite Fixed_Acce Fixed_Disp Fixed_Pres FOLLOW FOR FOUNDATION Init_Disp INITIAL_vel LARGE DISP MASSES MAT_FOAM MAT_ISOTROPIC MAT_MOONEY MAT_OGDEN

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Altair Engineering

MAT_ORTHOTROPIC MOMENT MPC CHECK NO LIST OPTIMIZE ORIENTATION OSET PBUSH PLASTICITY POINT_LOAD POST PROP_GEOMETRY RBE RBE2 RBE3 SHELL SECT SIZING SOLVER SPRING SUMMARY TABLE TIE TITLE TYING tying100 UPDATE VERSION NASTRAN

The following cards are supported in Nastran:

ACMODL AEFACT ASCRCE ASET ASET1

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BCBODY BCTABLE BCPARA BEGIN BULK BMFACE BNDFREE1 BNDFX1 BSET1 BSURF BSURFS BULK-UNSUPPORTED_CARD CAABSF CAERO1 CAERO2 CASE-UNSUPPORTED CARD CBAR CBEAM CBEND CBUSH CBUSH1D CDAMP1 CDAMP2 CDAMP3 CDAMP4 CELAS1 CELAS2 CELAS3 CELAS4 CEND CFAST CGAP CHACAB CHBDYE CHEXA (20-noded) CHEXA (8-noded) CMASS1 CMASS2

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CMASS3 CMASS4 CONM1 CONM2 CONROD CORD1C CORD1R CORD1S CORD2C CORD2R CORD2S CPENTA (6-noded) CPENTA (15-noded) CQUAD4 CQUAD8 CQUADR CROD CSET1 CSHEAR CSUPER CSUPEXT CTETRA (4-noded) CTETRA (10-noded) CTRIA3 CTRIA6 CTRIAR CTUBE CVISC CWELD DAREA DCONADD DCONSTR DDVAL DEFORM DELAY DEQATN DESGLB

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DESOBJ DESSUB DESVAR DIAG DLINK DLINK2 DLOAD DOPTPRM DPHASE DRESP1 DRESP2 DSCREEN DTABLE DTISPECSEL DVCREL1 DVCREL2 DVMREL1 DVMREL2 DVPREL1 DVPREL2 EIGB EIGC EIGP EIGR EIGRL ENDDATA EXEC_UNSUPPORTED_CARDS FLFACT FLUTTER FORCE FREQ FREQ1 FREQ2 FREQ3 FREQ4 FREQ5 GENEL

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GLOBAL CASE CONTROL GLOBAL OUTPUT REQUEST GRAV GRDSET GRID HM_ELAS HM_SPRING ID INCLUDE BULK INCLUDE_CTRL INCLUDE_EXEC K2PP LOAD LOADSEQ MARCOUT MAT1 MAT2 MAT4 MAT5 MAT8 MAT9 MAT10 MATEP MATG MATHE MATHP MATS1 MATT1 MAXLINES MAXMIN MBOLT MBOLTUS MINMAX MOMENT MPC MPCADD NLAUTO

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NLDAMP NLPARM NLRGAP NLSTRAT NSMADD NSM1 NSML1 NTHICK OMIT1 OMIT_BEGIN_BULK OMIT_CEND OMIT_END_BULK PAABSF PACABS PAERO1 PAERO2 PANEL PARAM PBAR PBARL PBEAM PBEAML PBEND PBUSH PBUSH1D PBUSHT PCOMP PCOMPG PCONV PDAMP PELAS PELAST PFAST PGAP PLOAD PLOAD1 PLOAD2

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PLOAD4 PLOTEL PLSOLID PMASS PROD PSEAM PSHEAR PSHELL PSOLID PTUBE PVISC PWELD QBDY1 QSET1 QVOL RANDPS RBAR RBE2 RBE3 RFORCE RJOINT RLOAD1 RLOAD2 RSPEC SEBNDRY SEBSET1 SECSET1 SEQSET1 SESET SET SET (Control Card) SET1 SEUSET1 SNORM SOL SPC SPCADD

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SPCD SPOINT SUBCASE SUBTITLE SUPORT SUPORT1 SWLDPRM TABDMP1 TABLED1 TABLED2 TABLED3 TABLED4 TABLEM1 TABLEM2 TABLEM3 TABLEM4 TABLES1 TABLEST TABRND1 TEMP TEMPD TIC TIME TITLE TLOAD1 TLOAD2 TRIM TSTEP TSTEPNL USET USET1 PAM-CRASH

The following cards are supported in PAM-CRASH: ACC3D / ACFLD /

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ADAPT / AIRBAGCHECK ALLOCATE ANALYSIS BAR / BEAM / BEAPLOT BOUNC / BSHEL / CNODE / CONLO / COUPLING CPULIMIT CTRL / CYLINDRI DAMP / DATACHECK DEBUG DELNOD DIS3D / ELINK / ENDDATA FILE FLEX-TOR FRAME / FREE FRICT / FUNCT / FZMET / GASPEC / GENERAL GROUP / INCLU / INVEL / JOINT / KINJ KJOIN /

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LIST/NOLIS LLINK / LOCUR / MASS / MBSYS_RI MBSYS_SP MEMBR / MERGEGAP METRIC MNTR NODCO / NODCO_S / NODE / NODPLOT NSMAS PICK / PIPE PLANAR PLINK / PREFILTER PRESH / PRESO / PRINT/NOPRINT RAC3D / RAN3D / RBODY / RESTARTFILES RETRA / RETRACTR REVOLUTE REZONE RIGBO RIGBO / RIGBO_S / RUPMO / RVE3D / SCRATCHDIR

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SECFO / SENPT / SENSO / SENSOR / SHELL / SHELLCHECK SHLTHP SHLPLOT SIGNAL SLINK / SLINT1 SLINT2_E SLINT2_N SLINT3 SLINT4 SLINT5 SLINT6 SLINT7 SLINT10 SLINT11 SLINT12 SLINT13 SLINT14 SLINT15 SLINT18 SLINT21 SLINT23 SLINT24 SLINT26 SLINT31 SLINT32 SLINT33 SLINT34 SLINT36 SLINT37 SLINT42 SLINT46

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SLIPR / SOLID / SOLPLOT SOLVER SPHERICA SPOTBEAM SPOTCONN SPOTERRO SPOTW / SPRGBM / SPRING / SUBDF / SUBRUN TCTRL / TETRA / TETR4 / THLBM / THLKJ / THLOC / THLNO / THLSO / THLSH / THLSW / THPLOT TIMESTEP TITLE / TRAFO / TRANSLAT TRIA_C TRSFM / TSHEL / TYPE 1 TYPE 2 TYPE 5 TYPE 7 TYPE 11 TYPE 16

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TYPE 17 TYPE 18 TYPE 19 TYPE 20 TYPE 21 TYPE 22 TYPE 24 TYPE 25 TYPE 26 TYPE 28 TYPE 30 TYPE 31 TYPE 35 TYPE 36 TYPE 37 TYPE 41 TYPE 42 TYPE 45 TYPE 52 TYPE 61 TYPE 62 TYPE 71 TYPE 80-83 TYPE 99 TYPE 100 TYPE 101 TYPE 102 TYPE 103 TYPE 105 TYPE 106 TYPE 107 TYPE 108 TYPE 109 TYPE 110 TYPE 115 TYPE 116 TYPE 117

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TYPE 118 TYPE 121 TYPE 126 TYPE 128 TYPE 130 TYPE 131 TYPE 132 TYPE 143 TYPE 150 TYPE 151 TYPE 161 TYPE 162 TYPE 171 TYPE 200 TYPE 201 TYPE 202 TYPE 203 TYPE 204 TYPE 205 TYPE 212 TYPE 213 TYPE 214 TYPE 220 TYPE 221 TYPE 222 TYPE 223 TYPE 224 TYPE 230 TYPE 301 TYPE 302 TYPE 303 TYPE 304 UNIT UNIVERSA VELBC / VEL3D / VERSION

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PAM-CRASH 2G

The following cards are supported in PAM-CRASH 2G: ACC3D / ACFLD / ADAPT / AIRBAGCHECK ANALYSIS ASSOCIATE AUTOSLEEP BAGIN / BAR / BASE_BODY BEAM / BELTS / BOUNC / BSHEL / CCTRL / CHAMBER / CNODE / CNTAC / Type 1 CNTAC / Type 10 CNTAC / Type 13 CNTAC / Type 14 CNTAC / Type 15 CNTAC / Type 16 CNTAC / Type 17 CNTAC / Type 18 CNTAC / Type 19 CNTAC / Type 21 CNTAC / Type 33 CNTAC / Type 34 CNTAC / Type 36 CNTAC / Type 37 CNTAC / Type 44 CNTAC / Type 46 CNTAC / Type 54

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CONLO / COUPLING DAMP / DATACHECK DCOMP DEBUG DIS3D / DIS3DM / DIS3DX / ECTRL / EDG ELINK / END_BAGIN END_CHAMBER ENDDATA EXT_SKIN FILE FPM FPM_HOLE FRAME / FRICT / FUNCT / GAS GASPEC / GEN_INI_COND GES / GROUP / INCLU / INFLATOR INI_COND INPUTVERSION INVEL / JET JOINT / KJOIN / LEAKAGE LLINK /

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LOCAL_H MASS MASS_GES / MAT_SECURE MAXMEMORY MBSYS / MERGEGAP MEMBR / METRIC / METRICCHECK MTOCO / NODCO / NODE / NSMAS / OCTRL / PART / PICK PICKING / PIPE PLANE PLINK / PLINK_VI PLY PLYDATA PREBM / PREFA / RAC3D / RAN3D / RBODY / RDA3D / RDD3D / RDV3D / RESTARTFILES RETRA / RVE3D / RUNEND RUPMO /

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RWALL / RWALL_KIN_CHECK SECFO / SECFO_CONTACT / SECFO_PLANE / SECFO_SECTION / SECFO_SUPPORT / SECFO_VOLFRAC / SECTION SEG SENPT / SENPTG / SENSO / SENSOR / SHELL / SHELLCHECK SIGNAL SLINK / SLIPR / SOLID / SOLIDCHECK SOLID4N SOLVER SPCTRL SPH SPRING / SPRGBM / STOPRUN SUBDF / SUBRUN SUBTA / SUPPORT TCTRL / TETRA / TETR4 / THELE / THLOC /

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THNOD / TIED / TITLE / TRANSFORMATION / TRSFM / TSHEL / TYPE 1 TYPE 2 TYPE 5 TYPE 7 TYPE 11 TYPE 16 TYPE 17 TYPE 18 TYPE 20 TYPE 21 TYPE 22 TYPE 25 TYPE 26 TYPE 30 TYPE 31 TYPE 36 TYPE 37 TYPE 41 TYPE 42 TYPE 45 TYPE 52 TYPE 61 TYPE 62 TYPE 71 TYPE 99 TYPE 100 TYPE 101 TYPE 102 TYPE 103 TYPE 105 TYPE 106

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TYPE 107 TYPE 108 TYPE 109 TYPE 110 TYPE 115 TYPE 116 TYPE 117 TYPE 118 TYPE 121 TYPE 126 TYPE 128 TYPE 130 TYPE 131 TYPE 132 TYPE 143 TYPE 150 TYPE 151 TYPE 161 TYPE 162 TYPE 171 TYPE 200 TYPE 201 TYPE 202 TYPE 203 TYPE 204 TYPE 205 TYPE 212 TYPE 213 TYPE 214 TYPE 220 TYPE 221 TYPE 222 TYPE 223 TYPE 224 TYPE 230 TYPE 301 TYPE 302

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Altair Engineering

TYPE 303 TYPE 304 UNIT VEL3D / VOLFRAC WALL_FABRIC WALL_OPENING

PERMAS

The following cards are supported in PERMAS: $ADDMODES $BEAM2 $BECOC $BECOS $COMPONENT $COMPRESS $CONA3 $CONA4 $CONA6 $CONA8 $CONDUCTIVITY - materials $CONDUCTIVITY - loads $CONLOAD $CONS3 $CONS4 $CONS6 $CONS8 $CONSTRAINTS $CONTACT $CONTVAL $COOR $DAMP1 $DAMP3 $DAMP6 $DAMPING

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$DENSITY $DIELECTRIC $DISLOAD $DISLOADN $ECHO $ELASTIC $ELCONDUCT $ELPROP $ELSYS $ENTER MATERIAL $ESET $ESETBIN $FLA2 $FLA3 $FLDENS $FLHEX8 $FLHEX20 $FLPENT6 $FLPENT15 $FLPYR5 $FLTET4 $FLTET10 $FLUID $FREQLOAD $FREQUENCY $FSINTA3 $FSINTA4 $FSINTA6 $FSINTA8 $FUNCTION $GASKET $GEODAT $GKHEX8 $GKHEX20 $GKPNT6 $GKPNT15 $GSKLOAD

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$GSKUNLOAD $HARDENING $HEATCAP $HEXE8 $HEXE20 $INERTIA $INERTIAX $INIVAL $JOIN $LOADA3 $LOADA4 $LOADA6 $LOADA8 $LOADING $LOADS $MASS3 $MASS6 $MATERIAL $MODDAMP $MPC MPC GENERAL $MPC ISURFACE $MPC JOIN $MPC_RIGID $MPC_SAME $MPC WLDSURFACE $MPC WLSCN $MPC WLSSURFACE $NLDAMP $NLDAMPR $NLSTIFF $NLSTIFFR $NSET $NSETBIN $PENTA15 $PENTA6 $PERMEABILITY

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$PLASTIC $PLOTA3 $PLOTA4 $PLOTA6 $PLOTA8 $PLOTL2 $PLOTL3 $POINTS $PRESCRIBE/PREVAL $PRETENSION LOAD $PRETENSION PLANE $PRETENSION THREAD $PYRA5 $QUAD4 $QUAM4 $REFSYS $RIGID $ROTB $RSYS $SAME $SFSET $SHEAR4 $SHELL3 $SHELL4 $SITUATION $SPRING1 $SPRING3 $SPRING6 $SUPPRESS $SURFABS $SURFACE $SYSTEM TEMP TEMPFILM $TET4 $TET10 $THERMEXP

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$TRANSLOAD $TRIA3 $TRIA3K $TRIM3 $TRIM6 $TRIMS6 $VOLDRAG $X1DAMP3 $X1DAMP6 $X1GEN6 $X2GEN6 $X1MASS3 $X1MASS6 $X1STIFF3 $X1STIFF6 $X2DAMP3 $X2DAMP6 $X2GEN6 $X2STIFF3 $X2STIFF6 $YIELD

Samcef .BPR .CLM .ETASHELL .ETASOLID .FRA .HYP .LAM .MAT, ANISOTROPIC .MAT, ISOTROPIC .MAT, ORTHOTROPIC .MCT .NOE

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.PHP SHELL .PLI .STI

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Unsupported Cards by Solver Radioss (Block Format) The following D00 cards are not supported for RADIOSS (Block Format) 5.1 and 9.0:

/ADMESH/STATE/SHELL /ADMESH/STATE/SH3N /ALE/CLOSE /ANIM/VERS /BCS/LAGMUL /BEM/FLOW /BOX /BOX/BOX /CNODE /EBCS/MONVOL /EULER/MAT /EIG /EOS/GRUNEISEN /EOS/POLYNOMIAL /EOS/TILLOTSON /EXTERN/LINK /FAIL/POWER_DAM /FAIL/XFEM_FLD /FAIL/XFEM_JOHNS /FAIL/XFEM_TBUTC /FXBODY /GJOINT /GAUGE /IBVEL /IMPLICIT /INICONT /INIVOL /IMPVEL/LAGMUL /INIBRI /INIQUA /INISHE/AUX or /INISH3/AUX /INISHE/EPSP or /INISH3/EPSP /INISHE/EPSP F or /INISH3/EPSP F /INISHE/ORTHO or /INISH3/ORTHO

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/INISHE/STRA F or /INISH3/STRA F /INISHE/STRS F/GLOB /INTER/HERTZ /INTER/HERTZ/TYPE17 /INTER/LAGDT /INTER/LAGDT/TYPE7 /INTER/LAGMUL/TYPE2 /INTER/LAGMUL/TYPE16 /INTER/LAGMUL/TYPE17 /KEY /LAGMUL /MADYMO/EXFEM /MADYMO/LINK /MAT/LAW69 /MAT/LAW74 /MAT/LAW77 /MAT/LAW78 /MPC /PROP/TYPE25 (SPR_AXI) /PROP/TYPE28 (NSTRAND) /PROP/TYPE35 (STITCH) /PROP/USER4 /RBODY/LAGMUL /RWALL/LAGMUL /SHEL16 /STATE/STR_FILE /SUBMODEL /SURF/MDELLIPS /TH/FXBODY /TH/GAUGE /TH/NSTRAND /TH/PART /UNIT/name /XELEM /XREF

Radioss (Bulk), Nastran

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This interface is the same for both Nastran and Radioss (Bulk), and can handle unsupported cards in several ways. There are three basic types of unsupported cards: Fully unsupported cards, partially supported cards and forced unsupported cards. Fully unsupported cards are read in and written out with the UNSUPPORTED_CARDS control card. This is described in more detail below. Partially unsupported cards are keywords that are recognized, but may have new or unrecognized fields within the card. HyperMesh will read the card and all supported fields, but will ignore any unrecognized fields (meaning that unrecognized data will be lost). Forced unsupported cards are manually added to the UNSUPPORTED_CARDS control card through the use of $HM_BEGIN_UNSUPPORTED and $HM_END_UNSUPPORTED HyperMesh comments in the input deck itself. These are described in more detail below.

Unsupported Cards Cards that aren’t recognized by the HyperMesh interface are automatically written into one of three [two for Radioss] control cards depending on where they exist within the input file. They only receive simple supported as text, and are written in and out of the same section of the input file. EXEC_UNSUPPORTED_CARDS [Nastran only] Unrecognized cards starting from the top of the input file until the CEND keyword are stored in this control card, and written back out to the same part of the file. This is known as the executive control section. CASE_UNSUPPORTED_CARDS Unrecognized cards between the CEND keyword and the BEGIN BULK keyword are stored in this control card, and written back out to the same part of the file. This is known as the case control section. BULK_UNSUPPORTED_CARDS Unrecognized cards between the BEGIN BULK keyword and the ENDDATA keyword are stored in this control card, and written back out to the same part of the file. This is known as the bulk data section.

Forced Unsupported Cards Any block of text in an input file can be forced into any of the UNSUPPORTED_CARDS by bracketing the text with $HM_BEGIN_UNSUPPORTED and $HM_END_UNSUPPORTED.

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For example, consider the DTPL card shown above with a new field that isn’t supported in HyperMesh. Without forcing the entire card into UNSUPPORTED_CARDS, the NEWFIELD would become lost during import/export.

Include Files Include files can also handle unsupported cards in the same way as the master file as described above. Abaqus

The Abaqus interface can handle several types of unsupported cards. Unsupported materials Unsupported cards (model part) Unsupported step data (history part) Unsupported material Unsupported materials can be handled in two ways. Automatically detect materials that contain certain cards that are currently unsupported. Once detected, those cards are preserved as simple text within the material card. On export, they will be written within the original material block and labeled with the comment **HM_UNSUPPORTED_MATERIAL Declare entire materials as unsupported. To handle unsupported materials by this method: Insert the comment **HM_GENERIC_MATERIAL before each *MATERIAL card that contains unsupported keywords. Only materials with the comment will be imported as plain text. or

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Select the Generic material check box on the options panel of the Utility Menu. All material cards will be set as unsupported. If a supported material card has a parameter that is currently unsupported, the card will be imported but the parameter will be ignored. You will receive a warning message during the import process. Contents of unsupported or generic materials can be reviewed or edited with the card editor in the Model Browser. Unsupported cards (model data) In addition to the unsupported material card and the generic material there are three places where currently unsupported keywords can be stored. All concerned cards placed before the first *NODE card will go to the UNSUPPORTED_CARDS_START, those between *NODE and last *MATERIAL block are placed in UNSUPPORTED_CARDS_MIDDLE card and all other unsupported cards of the model part can be found in UNSUPPORTED_CARDS after import. Once unsupported cards are detected you will receive a warning message during import. The cards and their contents can be reviewed in the control cards area or in the Model Browser. On export, a comment is inserted before each type of unsupported card: **HM_UNSUPPORTED_CARDS_START **HM_UNSUPPORTED_CARDS_MIDDLE **HM_UNSUPPORTED_CARDS The start of unsupported cards will be placed before the first node card, the middle part behind the last *MATERIAL card and the last part will be placed directly before the Step definition. However, there is one special case for unsupported model data cards. Abaqus provides several type options for the *INITIAL CONDITIONS card. Currently, the VELOCITY, TEMPERATURE, and FLUID PRESSURE types are supported. For these cards, a load collector will be created on import. However, in cases where the type parameter value is not one of these supported values, this card will be handled as an unsupported card according to the rules described above. Unsupported step data (history data) If unknown keywords are detected within a *STEP definition, they will be placed in the unsupported cards section within the step. There is an unsupported card available in every *STEP. New unsupported cards can also be added and exported by the Step Manager.

LS-DYNA

The complete list of LS-DYNA keywords that are not supported are listed below.

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*ALE_FSI_PROJECTION *ALE_FSI_SWITCH_MMG_ID *ALE_UP_SWITCH *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_COUPLING *BOUNDARY_CONVECTION_SEGMENT *BOUNDARY_CYCLIC *BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_CONTROL *BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_OPTION *BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_FLOW *BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_NEIGHBOR *BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_SYMMETRY *BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_WAKE *BOUNDARY_FLUX_OPTION *BOUNDARY_MCOL *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ACCELEROMETER_RIGID *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ORIENTATION_RIGID_ANGLES *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ORIENTATION_RIGID_DIRCOS *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ORIENTATION_RIGID_EULERP *BOUNDARY_PRESSURE_OUTFLOW_SEGMENT *BOUNDARY_PRESSURE_OUTFLOW_SET *BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SEGMENT *BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SEGMENT_VF_CALCULATE *BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SEGMENT_VF_READ *BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET_EF_CALCULATE *BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET_EF_READ *BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET_VF_CALCULATE *BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET_VF_READ *BOUNDARY_SLIDING_PLANE *BOUNDARY_SPH_SYMMETRY_PLANE *BOUNDARY_SYMMETRY_FAILURE *BOUNDARY_THERMAL_WELD *BOUNDARY_USA_SURFACE *CASE *CASE_BEGIN_CIDn *CASE_END_CIDN *CONSTRAINED_ADAPTIVITY

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*CONSTRAINED_BUTT_WELD *CONSTRAINED_EULER_IN_EULER *CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_COMBINED_ID *CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_CROSS_FILLET_ID *CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_LOCAL *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_CONSTANT_VELOCITY *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_GEARS *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_PULLEY *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_RACK_AND_PINION *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_ROTATIONAL_MOTOR *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_TRANSLATIONAL_MOTOR *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_SCREW *CONSTRAINED_JOINT_STIFFNESS_TRANSLATIONAL *CONSTRAINED_POINTS *CONSTRAINED_SPLINE *CONTACT_COUPLING *CONTACT_GEBOD_OPTION *CONTACT_GUIDED_CABLE *CONTACT_GUIDED_CABLE_SET *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_CONTRACTION_JOINT(ID) *CONTACT_TIEBREAK_NODES_ONLY(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_TITLE(ID) *CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE_FAILURE TITLE(ID) *CONTACT_1D *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_NODE_TO_SURFACE *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_IN_CONTINUUM *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_TIED *CONTACT_2D_AUTOMATIC_TIED_ONE_WAY *CONTACT_2D_PENALTY *CONTACT_2D_PENALTY_FRICTION *CONTROL_CHECK_SHELL *CONTROL_FORMING_POSITION *CONTROL_FORMING_PROJECTION *CONTROL_FORMING_TEMPLATE *CONTROL_FORMING_TRAVEL *CONTROL_FORMING_USER

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*CONTROL_NONLOCAL *DATABASE_ADAMS *DATABASE_H3OUT *DATABASE_BINARY_D3PART *DATABASE_BINARY_D3PROP *DATABASE_BINARY_FSIFOR *DATABASE_BINARY_D3CRACK *DATABASE_FSI_SENSOR *DATABASE_HISTORY_SPH_SET *DEFINE_CONNECTION_PROPERTIES_ADD *DEFINE_CONSTRUCTION_STAGES *DEFINE_CONTACT_VOLUME *DEFINE_CURVE_COMPENSATION *DEFINE_CURVE_DRAWBEAD *DEFINE_CURVE_ENTITY *DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTION *DEFINE_DEATH_TIMES_NODES *DEFINE_DEATH_TIMES_RIGID *DEFINE_DEATH_TIMES_SET *DEFINE_ERODING_SINGLE_SURFACE *DEFINE_FRICTION_AUTOMATIC_GENERAL *DEFINE_FRICTION_AUTOMATIC_NODES_TO_SURFACE *DEFINE_FRICTION_AUTOMATIC_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE *DEFINE_FRICTION_AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE *DEFINE_FRICTION_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE *DEFINE_FRICTION_SINGLE_SURFACE *DEFINE_SET_ADAPTIVE *DEFINE_SPOTWELD_FAILURE_RESULTANTS *DEFINE_SPOTWELD_RUPTURE_PARAMETER *DEFINE_SPOTWELD_RUPTURE_STRESS *DEFINE_STAGED_CONSTRUCTION_PART *EF_CONTROL *EF_GRID *EF_MATERIAL *EF_TOGGLES *ELEMENT_BEAM_WARPAGE *ELEMENT_DIRECT_MATRIX_INPUT

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*ELEMENT_SHELL_SOURCE_SINK *ELEMENT_SOLID_DOF *EOS_GASKET *EOS_JWLB *INCLUDE_BINARY *INCLUDE_NASTRAN *INCLUDE_PATH *INCLUDE_STAMPED_PART_SET_MATRIX_INVERSE *INCLUDE_STAMPED_SET *INCLUDE_TRANSFORM_BINARY *INITIAL_STRESS_DEPTH *INITIAL_STRESS_SHELL_SET *INITIAL_STRESS_TSHELL *INTERFACE_JOY *INTERFACE_LINKING_DISCRETE_NODE_NODE *LOAD_ALE_CONVECTION *LOAD_ALE_CONVECTION_ID *LOAD_BODY_POROUS *LOAD_DENSITY_DEPTH *LOAD_HEAT_CONTROLLER *LOAD_HEAT_GENERATION_SET *LOAD_HEAT_GENERATION_SOLID *LOAD_MOTION_NODE *LOAD_MOVING_PRESSURE *LOAD_REMOVE_PART *LOAD_SEGMENT_NONUNIFORM_ID *LOAD_SEGMENT_SET_NONUNIFORM_ID *LOAD_SSA *LOAD_STIFFEN_PART *LOAD_SURFACE_STRESS *LOAD_SURFACE_STRESS_SET *LOAD_THERMAL_TOPAZ *LOAD_VOLUME_LOSS *NODE_SCALAR *NODE_SCALAR_VALUE *MAT_ALE_VACCUM *MAT_ALE_VISCOUS

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*MAT_ALE_GAS_MIXTURE *MAT_ANISOTROPIC_THERMOELASTIC *MAT_BRAIN_LINEAR_VISCOELASTIC *MAT_CFD_OPTION *MAT_COHESIVE_GENERAL *MAT_COHESIVE_MIXED_MODE *MAT_COHESIVE_TH *MAT_COMPOSITE_DIRECT *MAT_COMPOSITE_MATRIX *MAT_CONCRETE_BEAM *MAT_CONCRETE_EC2 *MAT_DAMAGE_1 *MAT_DAMAGE_2 *MAT_DAMAGE_3 *MAT_DRUCKER_PRAGER *MAT_EMMI *MAT_FHWA_SOIL *MAT_FHWA_SOIL_NBRASKA *MAT_GURSON_RCDC *MAT_HEART_TISSUE *MAT_HYSTERIC_SOIL *MAT_INV_HYPERBOLIC_SIN *MAT_ISOTROPIC_SMEARED_CRACK *MAT_JOHNSON_HOLMQUIST_CONCRETE *MAT_JOINTED_ROCK *MAT_LUNG_TISSUE *MAT_MCCORMICK *MAT_MODIFIED_FORCE_LIMITED *MAT_MODIFIED_JOHNSON_COOK *MAT_MOHR_COULOUMB *MAT_MOMENT_CURVATURE_BEAM *MAT_MUSCLE *MAT_ORTHO_ELASTIC_PLASTIC *MAT_ORTHOTROPIC_SMEARED_CRACK *MAT_PITZER_CRUSHABLE_FOAM *MAT_PLASTIC_GREEN-NAGHDI_RATE *MAT_PLASTIC_NONLINEAR_KINEMATIC

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*MAT_PLASTICITY_COMPRESSION_TENSION_EOS *MAT_POLYMER *MAT_QUASILINEAR_VISCOELASTIC *MAT_RAMBERG-OSGOOD *MAT_RATE_SENSITIVE_COMPOSITE_FABRIC *MAT_RATE_SENSITIVE_POLYMER *MAT_RC_BEAM *MAT_RS_SHEAR_WALL *MAT_SEISMIC_BEAM *MAT_SEISMIC_ISOLATOR *MAT_SOIL_BRIC *MAT_SOIL_CONCRETE *MAT_SPECIAL_ORTHOTROPIC *MAT_SPRING_MUSCLE *MAT_SPRING_SQUAT_SHEARWALL *MAT_SPRING_TRILINEAR_DEGRADING *MAT_STEEL_CONCENTRIC_BRACE *MAT_THERMAL_ISOTROPIC_TD *MAT_THERMAL_ISOTROPIC_PHASE_CHANGE *MAT_THERMAL_ORTHTROPIC_TD *MAT_THERMAL_USER_DEFINED *MAT_THERMO_ELASTO_VISCOPLASTIC_CREEP *MAT_UNIFIED_CREEP *MAT_VISCO_ELASTIC_THERMAL *MAT_WTM_STM *MAT_WTM_STM_PLC *PARAMETER *PARAMETER_EXPRESSION *PART_ADAPTIVE_FAILURE *PART_MODES *PERTURBATION_NODE *PERTURBATINO_SHELL_THICKNESS *RAIL_TRACK *RAIL_TRAIN *SET_2D_SEGMENT(TITLE) *SET_2D_SEGMENT_SET(TITLE) *TERMINATION_BODY

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*TERMINATION_CONTACT *TERMINATION_CURVE *TERMINATION_DELETED_SHELLS *TERMINATION_DELETED_SHELLS_SET *TERMINATION_NODE *USER_LOADING

MADYMO

DEFINE CRDSYS_REF_1 CRDSYS_REF_2

PAM-CRASH 2G 3D AMCTRL / ARGUMENT CNTAD / CONTACT CPCTRL CTCTRL / DRAWB END_MODULE EXPORT / FLCEL / FUNCTION H_POINT IMPFIL / IMPORT / KELVIN LINCO / LOCAL_H LOOKU / MARK /

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Material Type 19 Material Type 24 Material Type 35 Material Type 80-83 MAXWELL MBSYS / MDBODY MGRID MODULE / MSTRM / MUSC1 / MUSCL / OUTPUT SCALEF_MGRID SECURE / SPCTRL / SPHEL / SUBCYCLE_ECL SYMPL / PERMAS The PERMAS interface can handle two different types of unsupported cards: Materials Solver cards Depending on which bracket or variant they belong to, unsupported keywords are maintained as ASCII text within the HyperMesh database and are placed in the right place on export again. Unsupported material Unsupported materials can be handled in two ways. Generic material Unsupported material If materials are completely unsupported, they will be read in as generic material, whereas unsupported cards which are dependent on a certain material will be imported as ‘unsupported material’ and can be reviewed from within the material card image. On export, a comment will be written before each generic material (!!HM_GENERIC_MATERIAL) or unsupported material (!!HM_UNSUPPORTED_CARDS). Unsupported card mechanism

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Cards

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$SANDWICH

Generic material

$LAMINATE $FLFSOLID $MATERIAL TYPE= TRANS, ORTHO, MONOCLINIG, TRICLINIC, ANISO $DIELECTRIC

Unsupported material

$ELCONDUCT $FLDENS $NLELASTIC $NLKINHARD $PERMEABILITY $VISCOSITY Unsupported cards In addition to the unsupported material card and the generic material, other unsupported data will be maintained based on the location in their bracket/variant and placed there again on export. The following table shows in which entity an unsupported card will go. All information is accessible after import through the card editor and will be written out exactly the same as imported. PERMAS Variant/Bracket

Entity

$SYSTEM

Control Card "System"

$STRUCTURE

Control Card "Unsupported_Structure"

$CONSTRAINTS

Load Step

$LOADING

Load Step

$RESULTS

Output Block

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Geometry The following general geometry capabilities are available: Import geometry from an external CAD file Export geometry to an external CAD file Create new geometry Edit and defeature existing or imported geometry Create connectors on geometry Create loads/BCs on geometry Create meshes on geometry

See also Terminology CAD Interfacing Functionality

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Terminology The image below illustrates various geometric features, each labeled with the relevant terminology:

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See also Nodes Free Points Lines Faces Surfaces Fixed Points Free Edges Shared Edges Suppressed Edges Non-manifold Edges Solids Bounding Faces Fin Faces

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Full Partition Faces CAD Cleanup Tolerance Geometry Cleanup Tolerance Geometry Feature Angle

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Nodes A node is the most basic finite element entity. A node represents a physical position on the structure being modeled and is used by an element entity to define the location and shape of that element. It is also used as temporary input to create geometric entities. A node may contain a pointer to other geometric entities and can be associated directly to them. It is displayed as a small circle or sphere, depending on the mesh graphics mode. Its color is always yellow.

See also Geometry Terminology

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Free Points A free point is a zero-dimensional geometry entity in space that is not associated with a surface. It is displayed as a small "x". Its color is determined by the component collector to which it belongs. These types of points are typically used for weld locations and connectors.

See also Geometry Terminology

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Lines A line represents a curve in space is not attached to any surface or solid. A line is a one-dimensional geometric entity. Its color is determined by the component collector to which it belongs. A line can be composed of one or more line types. Each line type in a line is referred to as a segment. The end point of each line segment is connected to the first point of the next segment. A joint is the common point between two line segments. Line segments are maintained as a single line entity, so operations performed on the line affect each segment of the line. In general, HyperMesh automatically uses the appropriate number and type of line segments to represent the geometry. All lines in HyperMesh are represented mathematically with the following formulations: straight elliptical NURBS Lines are different from surface edges and are sometimes handled differently for certain operations.

See also Geometry Terminology

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Faces A face is a single Non-uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) and is the smallest area entity. It has a separate underlying mathematical definition, specified when it was created. All faces are represented mathematically with the following formulations: plane cylinder/cone sphere torus NURBS A surface can be made up of a single face type or of multiple face types. Multiple types are used for more complex surfaces that contain sharp corners or highly complex shapes.

See also Surfaces Geometry Terminology

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Surfaces A surface represents the geometry associated with a physical part. A surface is a two-dimensional geometric entity that may be used in automatic mesh generation. Its color is determined by the component collector to which it belongs. A surface is comprised of one or more faces. Each face contains a mathematical surface and edges to trim the surface, if required. When a surface has several faces, all of the faces are maintained as a single surface entity. Operations performed on the surface affect all the faces that comprise the surface. In general, HyperMesh automatically uses the appropriate number of and type of surface faces to represent the geometry. The perimeter of a surface is defined by edges. There are four types of surface edges: Free edges Shared edges Suppressed edges Non-manifold edges Surface edges are different from lines and are sometimes handled differently for certain operations. The connectivity of surface edges constitutes the geometric topology.

See also Faces Fixed Points Free Edges Shared Edges Suppressed Edges Non-manifold Edges Geometry Terminology

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Fixed Points A fixed point is a zero-dimensional geometry entity that is associated with a surface. Its color is determined by the surface to which it is associated. It is displayed as a small "o". The automesher places an FE node at each fixed point on the surface being meshed. A fixed point that is placed at the junction of three or more non-suppressed edges is called a vertex or vertex point. Such vertices cannot be suppressed (removed).

See also Surfaces Free Edges Shared Edges Suppressed Edges Non-manifold Edges Geometry Terminology

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Free Edges A free edge is an edge that is owned by only one surface. Free edges are colored red by default. On a clean model consisting of surfaces, free edges appear only along the outer perimeter of the part and around any interior holes. Free edges that appear between two adjacent surfaces indicate the existence of a gap between the two surfaces. The automesher will leave a gap in the mesh wherever there is a gap between two surfaces.

See also Surfaces Fixed Points Shared Edges Suppressed Edges Non-manifold Edges Geometry Terminology

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Shared Edges A shared edge is an edge that is owned, or shared, by two adjacent surfaces. Shared edges are colored green by default. When the edge between two surfaces is a shared edge, there is no gap or overlap between the two surfaces they are geometrically continuous. The automesher always places seed nodes along the length a shared edge and will produce a continuous mesh without any gaps along that edge. The automesher will not construct any individual elements that cross over a shared edge.

See also Surfaces Fixed Points Free Edges Suppressed Edges Non-manifold Edges Geometry Terminology

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Suppressed Edges A suppressed edge is shared by two surfaces but it is ignored by the automesher. Suppressed edges are colored blue by default. Like a shared edge, a suppressed edge indicates geometric continuity between two surfaces but, unlike a shared edge, the automesher will mesh across a suppressed edge as if were not even there. The automesher does not place seed nodes along the length of a suppressed edge and, consequently, individual elements will span across it. By suppressing undesirable edges you are effectively combining surfaces into larger logical meshable regions.

See also Surfaces Fixed Points Free Edges Shared Edges Non-manifold Edges Geometry Terminology

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Non-manifold Edges A non-manifold edge is owned by three or more surfaces. Non-manifold edges are colored yellow by default. They typically occur at "T" intersections between surfaces or when 2 or more duplicate surfaces exist. The automesher always places seed nodes along their length and will produce a continuous mesh without any gaps along that edge. The automesher will not construct any individual elements that cross over a T-joint edge. These edges cannot be suppressed.

See also Surfaces Fixed Points Free Edges Shared Edges Suppressed Edges Geometry Terminology

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Solids A solid is a closed volume of surfaces that can take any shape. Solids are three-dimensional entities that can be used in automatic tetra and solid meshing. Its color is determined by the component collector to which it belongs. The surfaces defining a solid can belong to multiple component collectors. The display of a solid and its bounding surfaces are controlled only by the component collector to which the solid belongs.

See also Bounding Faces Fin Faces Full Partition Faces Geometry Terminology

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Bounding Faces A bounding face is a surface that defines the outer boundary of a single solid. Bounding faces are shaded green by default. A bounding face is unique and is not shared with any other solid. A single solid volume is defined entirely by bounding faces.

See also Solids Fin Faces Full Partition Faces Geometry Terminology

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Fin Faces A fin face is a surface that has the same solid on all sides i.e. it acts as a fin inside of a single solid. Fin faces are shaded red by default. A fin face can be created when manually merging solids or when creating solids with internal fin surfaces.

See also Solids Bounding Faces Full Partition Faces Geometry Terminology

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Full Partition Faces A full partition face is a surface that defines a shared boundary between one or more solids. Full partition faces are shaded yellow by default. A full partition face can be created when splitting a solid or when using Boolean operations to join multiple solids at shared or intersecting locations.

See also Solids Bounding Faces Fin Faces Geometry Terminology

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CAD Cleanup Tolerance The CAD cleanup tolerance is used to determine if two surface edges are the same and if two surface vertices are the same. There are two items controlled by this setting: The determination of if two surface edges are close enough to be automatically combined (creating shared edges) If a surface is degenerate and should be removed If you use the automatic setting, the complexity of the surface and edge geometries are taken into account and a tolerance is selected to maximize the number of shared edges. To specify a manual cleanup tolerance value, it must be greater than the default value. The readers only modify data if the data stays within the original data tolerance. Increasing the tolerance may cause problems. When this value is modified, any features equal to or less than the tolerance are eliminated. The readers do not include any edge with a length less than the tolerance; if there are edges present that are important to the surface, that surface will be distorted, or will fail to trim properly. Similarly, surfaces smaller than the tolerance may not be imported. If the file you have read has many very short edges, it may be worthwhile to reread the file using a larger tolerance. The same holds true if surfaces appear to be "inside out" when surface lines are displayed. The tolerance value should not be set to a value greater than the node tol used for your element mesh, set in the Options panel.

See also Geometry Terminology

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Geometry Cleanup Tolerance Cleaning up refers to fixing geometry data by creating proper topology, defeaturing, and eliminating extraneous vertices. The cleanup tolerance value specifies how much HyperMesh is allowed to modify the geometry in the course of cleaning it, either manually or automatically. Since the geometry is approximated with a finite element mesh, a cleanup tolerance that is less than the node tolerance used in the mesh generation is required. The tolerance value should not be set to a value greater than the node tol used for your element mesh, set in the Options panel.

See also Geometry Terminology

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Geometry Feature Angle This setting is used to determine when model geometry should have a new vertex added (creating two surfaces from one) or removed (merging two surfaces into one).

See also Geometry Terminology

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CAD Interfacing This section describes the support provided by the CAD readers/writers, as well as the options available for importing/exporting CAD geometry data into/from HyperMesh. These readers/writers are dynamically loaded upon demand, and include support for the following CAD formats:

Import ACIS CATIA V4/V5 DXF IGES JT Parasolid PDGS Pro E SolidWorks STEP Tribon UG VDAFS

Export IGES

See also CAD Import CAD Export

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CAD Import This section describes the support provided by the CAD readers, as well as the options available for importing CAD geometry data. These readers are dynamically loaded upon demand, and include support for the following CAD formats:

ACIS CATIA V4/V5 DXF IGES JT Parasolid PDGS Pro E SolidWorks STEP Tribon UG VDAFS

See also CAD Reader Support CAD Import Options CAD Export

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CAD Reader Support Latest CAD Version CAD Format Supported ACIS

r19

Platforms1

x86

Windows x86_64

Linux x86

x86_64

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

DXF

v4 v5r20 AutoCAD 12

Y

Y

Y

Y

IGES

v6 JAMA-IS

Y

Y

Y

Y

JT

9.4

Y

Y

Y

Y

Parasolid

v19

Y

Y

Y

Y

PDGS

v26

Y

Y

Y

Y

Pro E

Wildfire 5

Y

Y

Y

Y

SolidWorks

2010

Y

Y

Y

Y

STEP

AP203 AP214

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y2

Y

Y

Y

Y

CATIA

Tribon

UG VDAFS

TXHSTL-R Tribon XML Export v1.3 NX5 NX6 NX7 v2

1

Refer to the official HyperWorks platform support list for full details.

2

UG NX7 is not available on Linux64.

See also ACIS Reader Support CATIA Reader Support DXF Reader Support IGES Reader Support JT Reader Support Parasolid Reader Support PDGS Reader Support Pro E Reader Support SolidWorks Reader Support STEP Reader Support Tribon Reader Support

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UG Reader Support VDAFS Reader Support CAD Import Options

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ACIS Reader Support The following entities are supported by the ACIS reader: Free points Free curves Surfaces Quilt bodies Solid bodies

See also CAD Reader Support ACIS Import Options

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CATIA Reader Support The CATIA v5 reader supports .CatProduct, .CatPart and .cgr files. The following entities are supported by the CATIA v5 reader: Free points Free curves Surfaces Quilt bodies Solid bodies Facets/triangles Parts (.CatPart) Assemblies (.CatProduct) Entities that are part of other entities are not created as independent entities. CATIA models are stored in millimeter scale, so an appropriate scale factor is required to use other unit systems.

The CATIA v4 reader supports both .model and .exp files. The following entities are supported by the CATIA v4 reader: Point (type 1) Line segment (type 2) Parametric curve (type 3) Conics (types 20-23) Composite curve (type 24) Parametric surface (type 5) Face (type 6) Volume (type 7) Coordinate system (type 8) Skin (type 13) Mock-up solids (type 17-1) Exact solids (type 17-2) Ditto (type 28)

See also

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CAD Reader Support CATIA Import Options

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DXF Reader Support The following entities are supported by the DXF reader: Free points (POINT) Free curves (LINE) Surfaces (3DFACE) Solids (SOLID) Facets/triangles (POLYLINE with Group Code 70=64 for polyface mesh)

See also CAD Reader Support DXF Import Options

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IGES Reader Support The following entities are supported by the IGES reader: Circular arc (100) Composite curve (102) Conic arc (104) Copius data (106) Plane (108) Line (110) Parametric spline curve (112) Parametric spline surface (114) Point (116) Ruled surface (118, form 1 only) Surface of revolution (120) Tabulated cylinder (122) Direction (123) Transformation matrix (124) Flash (125) Rational B-spline curve (126) Rational B-spline surface (128) Offset surface (140) Boundary (141) Curve on a parametric surface (142) Bounded surface (143) Trimmed (parametric) surface (144) Manifold solid B-rep object (186) Plane surface (190) Right circular cylindrical surface (192) Right circular conical surface (194) Spherical surface (196) Toroidal surface (198) Angular dimension (202)

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Diameter dimension (206) General label (210) General note (212) Leader (214) Linear dimension (216) Radius dimension (222) General symbol (228) Sectioned area (230) Line font definition (304) Subfigure definition (308) Color definition (314) Form 7 group without back pointers (402) Drawing (404) Form 15 name (406) Singular subfigure instance (408) View (410) Vertex (502) Edge (504) Loop (508) Face (510) Shell (514)

See also CAD Reader Support IGES Import Options

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JT Reader Support The following entities are supported by the JT reader: Free points Free curves Surfaces Solid bodies (JT B-rep) Embedded Parasolid (XT B-rep) Facets (triangular only)

See also CAD Reader Support JT Import Options

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Parasolid Reader Support The following entities are supported by the Parasolid reader for schema up to SCH_20000 (20) Free points Free curves Surfaces Quilt bodies Solid bodies Assemblies

See also CAD Reader Support Parasolid Import Options

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PDGS Reader Support The following entities are supported by the PDGS reader: Entity #5

See also CAD Reader Support PDGS Import Options

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Pro E Reader Support The following entities are supported by the Pro E reader: Free points Free curves Surfaces Quilt bodies Solid bodies Assemblies Assembly Level Features are currently not supported. Family Tables are currently not supported.

See also CAD Reader Support Pro E Import Options

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SolidWorks Reader Support The following entities are supported by the SolidWorks reader: Free points Free curves Surfaces Solid bodies Assemblies

See also CAD Reader Support SolidWorks Import Options

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STEP Reader Support The following entities are supported by the STEP reader: Free points Free curves Surfaces Quilt bodies Solid bodies Facets/triangles Assemblies

See also CAD Reader Support STEP Import Options

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Tribon Reader Support The following entities are supported by the Tribon reader: Plane panels Curved panels Knuckled panels Plane plates Curved plates Pillars Stiffeners (also with sub-flanges) Curved stiffeners Face plates (also with sub-flanges) Flanges Brackets

An assembly tree is created and organized as follows: 1 assembly corresponding to the whole ship (1 ship per part). 1 assembly per block. 1 assembly per PlanePanel. 1 component for the detailed contour of the current PlanePanel (with relevant option). 1 component for the simple contour of the current PlanePanel (with relevant option). 1 component per PlanePlateGroup. The material name, material side, thickness and offset are created as metadata. If material data are available, a PSHELL material is created. 1 surface per PlanePlate. The profile existing in the file is used for the external loop. Holes can be added as internal loops (with relevant option). 1 component per PlanePillarGroup. 1 set of trace lines per PlanePillar. 1 surface per web (with relevant option). 1 component per PlaneFlangeGroup. 1 set of trace lines per PlaneFlange. 1 component per PlaneStiffenerGroup. 1 set of trace lines per PlaneStiffener. 1 surface per web and per flange (with relevant option). 1 component per PlaneFaceplateGroup.

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1 set of trace lines per PlaneFaceplate. 1 surface per web and per flange (with relevant option). 1 assembly per sub-PlanePanel. The contents correspond to the ones for normal PlanePanels. 1 assembly per PlaneBracketGroup. 1 component per bracket if no sub-elements exist (stiffeners, planeplates, flanges). 1 assembly if sub-elements exist. 1 surface per PlaneBracket. The profile existing in the file is used for the external loop. No holes are allowed by the Tribon format. If sub-elements are present in the current PlaneBracketGroup, a specific component is created for the surface in order to keep it separate from its sub-elements. 1 component per PlaneStiffenerGroup sub-element (no flanges inside the stiffener group are allowed). 1 component per PlaneFaceplateGroup sub-element (no flanges inside the faceplate group are allowed). 1 component per PlaneFlangeGroup sub-element. 1 assembly per CurvedPanel. 1 component for the simple contour of the current CurvedPanel (with relevant option). 1 component per CurvedPlateGroup. 1 surface per CurvedPlate. The profile existing in the file is used for the external loop. Internal holes are implemented. 1 component per CurvedStiffenerGroup. 1 set of trace lines per CurvedStiffener. 1 assembly per KnuckledPanel.

PlanePlates, CurvedPlates and PlaneBrackets are mapped as surfaces. Other objects are imported as curves, lying on the plates. Groups of objects may share similar properties (such as material, material side, thickness and offset). In this case, metadata are added to these objects, and if possible the material description is also created. Holes of curved surfaces are not taken into consideration for this release. The reader instantiates objects in their nominal position, hence there may be gaps between panels, brackets etc… due to idealizations that don’t take into account thickness. Hence, no stitching between surfaces is performed on import. Available material fields include Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, expansion coefficient, and density. Yield stress and ultimate stress are not imported. Each material is associated with a unique grade name. When a thickness is provided, the corresponding value is given to an HM object. Objects affected by material/thickness include PlanePlateGroup, PlanePillarGroup, PlaneFlangeGroup, PlaneStiffenerGroup, PlaneFaceplateGroup, PlaneBracketGroup, CurvedPlateGroup and CurvedStiffenerGroup.

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See also CAD Reader Support Tribon Import Options

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UG Reader Support The UG reader utilizes the UGOpen library to read files from UG. The reader relies on a valid UG installation and license to access these libraries. Environment variables must be set appropriately to ensure proper access to these libraries. See the UG Environment Variables section for more information. Any UG file formats not supported by the available UG installation are not supported. The following entities are supported by the UG reader: UF_point UF_line UF_circle UF_conic UF_spline UF_faceted_model UF_solid When reading a UG assembly or part file with material information, the material information is read into HyperMesh as Nastran MAT1 material collectors. If there is more than one material associated to the entities in a given part file, HyperMesh splits the part into multiple component collectors. A property collector is always created when importing material information and assigned to the component (see note below), and the material collector is then associated to the respective property collector. The UG reader also recognizes midsurface thickness information for each part of an assembly. After the part is imported, the thickness information is stored in Nastran PSHELL property collectors. The thickness is imported only if a material property is associated to the part containing the mid-surface feature to which the thickness is applied. If no thickness information is present but material information does exist, an empty PSHELL property collector is created and the material is assigned to the property collector. The property collector is then assigned to the component collector.

See also CAD Reader Support UG Environment Variables UG Import Options

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UG Environment Variables Since the UG reader needs to use the UGOpen library during the run time, it requires that a valid UG installation and UG license1 be present and available to the user with the assemblies, gateway and solid_modeling modules. The UG installation must be the same bit-level and platform as the version of HyperMesh (e.g. 32-bit HM must be used with 32-bit UG). It is not possible to mix 32-bit and 64-bit versions.

The following environment variables must be set prior to starting:

WINDOWS UGII_BASE_DIR

This must point to the UG installation directory 2.

UGII_ROOT_DIR

This must point to the UG installation UGII directory 2.

PATH

This must include the %UGII_BASE_DIR%\UGII\ directory.

UGS_LICENSE_SERVER This must point to the UG license server1. UGS_LICENSE_BUNDLE This must specify the UG license bundle1. Example: UG installation located at C:\Program Files\UGS\NX 6.0 UGII_BASE_DIR: C:\Program Files\UGS\NX 6.0 UGII_ROOT_DIR: %UGII_BASE_DIR%\UGII\ PATH: %UGII_BASE_DIR%\UGII\ UGS_LICENSE_SERVER: 28000@licsrv UGS_LICENSE_BUNDLE: NXPTNR100

LINUX UGII_BASE_DIR

This must point to the UG installation directory 2.

UGII_ROOT_DIR

This must point to the UG installation bin directory 2.

UGS_LICENSE_SERVER This must point to the UG license server1. UGS_LICENSE_BUNDLE This must specify the UG license bundle1. Example: UG installation located at /soft/usr/ugs060 UGII_BASE_DIR: /soft/usr/ugs060 UGII_ROOT_DIR: /soft/usr/ugs060/bin/ UGS_LICENSE_SERVER: 28000@licsrv UGS_LICENSE_BUNDLE: NXPTNR100

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1

When using UG versions prior to NX6, a UG license is not required. UG is very sensitive about the environment variables. You should NOT have '/' at the end of UGII_BASE_DIR path and you MUST have '/' at the end of UGII_ROOT_DIR path. 2

See also UG Reader Support

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VDAFS Reader Support The following entities are supported by the VDAFS reader: POINT LINE PLANE PSET MDI CIRCLE CURVE SURF FACE

See also CAD Reader Support VDAFS Import Options

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CAD Import Options The CAD readers provide options for processing data during import. Some of these options are available from the Import tab while others options are accessed from each reader's _reader.ini file. The options that can be specified using the Import tab include the scale factor, cleanup tolerance, import of blanked components, and naming of components by layer. The Scale factor option allows you to define how to scale the model during import. Some CAD formats store their model data using a set of units that may be different from what you want to use. This value can be used to define the scaling for all entities that are imported. For more information about the Cleanup tol option, refer to the CAD Cleanup Tolerance section. The Import hidden (blanked/no show) entities option specifies whether relevant formats should import entities that are hidden, blanked or no show. See each format's available import options for supported formats.

Default versions of the _reader.ini files are included in the directory [Altair Home]/io/ afc_translators/bin/[platform]. When a CAD reader is activated, each reader first checks the current working directory for the appropriate _reader.ini file. If the file is not found, the translator uses the default _reader.ini file in the above directory. In this way the _reader.ini file can have "global" or "local" user scope. For instance, "local" user changes for a current job can be made by copying and modifying the _reader.ini file in the local current working directory. Options can take on only one value at a time. Options can also be commented out (ignored) by placing a # in front of an option, in which case the default value for that option will be used. The available _reader.ini options are explained in detail within the Import Options sections for each reader. Many CAD translators also import other relevant information as metadata attached to specific entities (assemblies, components, points, lines, surfaces, solids). Some metadata is generated by default while other metadata is generated by enabling/disabling certain options in the _reader.ini files. Metadata is stored in the database and can be used for review or to perform process automation. For example, you can obtain the tag (name) of a surface from the CAD file and apply certain mesh criteria to that surface inside HyperMesh. Refer to the Import Options topics for each format and the CAD Metadata Naming topic for specific details about metadata.

See also ACIS Import Options CATIA Import Options DXF Import Options IGES Import Options JT Import Options

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Parasolid Import Options PDGS Import Options Pro E Import Options SolidWorks Import Options STEP Import Options Tribon Import Options UG Import Options VDAFS Import Options Import tab CAD Import Message Files CAD Import Difficulties CAD Metadata Naming CAD Reader Support

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ACIS Import Options The ACIS reader uses the ct_reader.ini file with the following available options:

@ColorsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read color attributes of geometric entities as metadata. COLOR_RGB

off

Do not read color attributes (default).

@DensityAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read density value as metadata (default). DENSITY

off

Do not read density value.

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses.

off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@ImportFreeCurves Value

Description

on

Import free curves (wireframe entities) into the model (default).

off

Do not import free curves.

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@ImportFreePoints Value

Description

on

Import free points into the model (default).

off

Do not import free points.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default. See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@SkipCreationOfSolid Value

Description

on

Surfaces are read but solid entities are not created.

off

Solid entities are created (default).

@StitchingAcrossBodies Value

Description

on

Surfaces belonging to different components are stitched.

off

Surfaces belonging to different components are not stitched (default).

See also ACIS Metadata Support ACIS Reader Support CAD Import Options

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ACIS Metadata Support The ACIS reader generates the following metadata:

COLOR_RGB Type

Entities

Description

string

points lines

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color of the entity in the CAD model.

surfs

Generated when @ColorsAsMetadata = on

solids

DENSITY Type

Entities

Description

double

solids

The value of the density of a solid. Generated when @DensityAsMetadata = on

MODELUNIT Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The model units specified in the CAD file. Values include: 1 = inches 2 = millimeters 4 = feet 5 = miles 6 = meters 7 = kilometers 8 = mils 9 = microns 10 = centimeters 11 = microinches 12 = decimeters 13 = yards This is always generated.

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See also ACIS Import Options ACIS Reader Support CAD Import Options CAD Metadata Naming hm_metadata

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CATIA Import Options The CATIA v4 and CATIA v5 readers use the ct_reader.ini file with the following available options:

@ColorsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read color attributes of geometric entities as metadata. COLOR_RGB

off

Do not read color attributes (default).

@DensityAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read density value as metadata (default). DENSITY

off

Do not read density value.

@FullNameAsMetadata Value

Description

on

The full CAD name, as retrieved from the CAD part, is generated as metadata. This consists of assembly name/part name/feature name/entity name. FULL_IDENTIFIER

off

Do not generate full name metadata (default).

@ImportBlanked Value

Description

on

Import of invisible (blanked/NO SHOW) components is enabled. This option, when used, takes priority over any other similar options/settings.

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off

Import of invisible (blanked/NO SHOW) components is disabled (default). This option, when used, takes priority over any other similar options/settings.

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses.

off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@ImportFreeCurves Value

Description

on

Import free curves (wireframe entities) into the model (default).

off

Do not import free curves.

@ImportFreePoints Value

Description

on

Import free points into the model (default).

off

Do not import free points.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default. See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@SkipCreationOfSolid

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Value

Description

on

Surfaces are read but solid entities are not created.

off

Solid entities are created (default).

@StitchingAcrossBodies Value

Description

on

Surfaces belonging to different components are stitched.

off

Surfaces belonging to different components are not stitched (default).

@TagsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read tags of supported entities as metadata (default). TAG

off

Do not read tags.

See also CATIA Metadata Support CATIA Reader Support CAD Import Options

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CATIA Metadata Support The CATIA reader generates the following metadata:

COLOR_RGB Type

Entities

Description

string

points lines

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color of the entity in the CAD model.

surfs

Generated when @ColorsAsMetadata = on

solids

COMMENT_BLOCK Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The command block text for a CATIA v4 file. This is only attached to the root assembly.

COORDINATE_SYSTEM_ Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The field is the name of the local coordinate system and the value is the local coordinate system information.

Type

Entities

Description

double

solids

The value of the density of a solid.

DENSITY

Generated when @DensityAsMetadata = on

FULL_IDENTIFIER Type

Entities

Description

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string

points

A string indicating the name in the following format:

lines

"part_name/name"

surfs solids

Generated when @FullNameAsMetadata = on

comps assems

MODELUNIT Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The model units specified in the CAD file. Values include: 1 = inches 2 = millimeters 4 = feet 5 = miles 6 = meters 7 = kilometers 8 = mils 9 = microns 10 = centimeters 11 = microinches 12 = decimeters 13 = yards This is always generated.

TAG Type

Entities

Description

string

points

The tag (name) of the entity as read from the CAD model, if one exists.

lines

Generated when @TagsAsMetadata = on

edges surfs solids

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See also CATIA Import Options CATIA Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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DXF Import Options The DXF reader does not have any available customizations.

See also DXF Metadata Support DXF Reader Support CAD Import Options

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DXF Metadata Support The DXF reader does not generate any metadata.

See also DXF Import Options DXF Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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IGES Import Options The IGES reader uses the iges_reader.ini file. This file has two sections. The first section contains the instructions for reading each type of IGES entity. It is recommended that you do not change this section. The second section controls the options for the translator. The IGES reader has the following available options:

@CheckFacet Value

Description

on

Based on the success of the normal faceting operation, more cleanup attempts may be required. One option is to mesh it in advance to check the faceting. This may slow down the import due to the possible use of meshing operations but should result in cleaner surfaces (default).

off

The faceting is not checked and only the normal cleanup is applied.

@ColorsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read color attributes of geometric entities as metadata. COLOR_RGB

off

Do not read color attributes (default).

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses.

off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@ImportFreeCurves Value

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on

Import free curves (wireframe entities) into the model (default).

off

Do not import free curves.

@ImportFreePoints Value

Description

on

Import free points into the model (default).

off

Do not import free points.

@ImportLayers Value

Description

Layers to skip

Enables the specification of layer numbers to import, in order to skip unwanted layers. Layer groupings can be specified with a hyphen between the beginning and ending values of the desired group, and groups are separated by commas. Example: @ImportLayers = "1,2-5,100-200"

@ImportType Value

Description

ASSEMBLY

An assembly tree corresponding to the one contained in the file is generated (default).

LAYERS_ONLY

The components are created depending on the layer (=level) structure of the file.

LAYERS_AND_GROUPS The components are created corresponding to layers and groups contained in the file.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default.

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See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@ReadAsIndependent Value

Description

Enables the import of three types of independent entities. Use a PHYSICALLY_DEPENDENT semicolon to separate multiple values. When more than one value is used, both independent and logically dependent entities are treated as LOGICALLY_DEPENDENT independent. Generally, this option should only be used for a particular vendor that marks some entities as dependent when they are imported. The reader will import the entities according to the value specified in the file. The default is INDEPENDENT. INDEPENDENT

@SkipEntities Value

Description

Entity types Specific entity types, or even subtypes (i.e. entity types with specific form and subtypes to numbers) that should be skipped during import. The list of types uses skip semicolons as separators. Example: @SkipEntities = "ENTTYPE1;ENTTYPE2.FORM2"

@TagsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read tags of supported entities as metadata (default). TAG

off

Do not read tags.

@Transform402form16 Value

Description

on

Entities referenced by an entity type #402 form #16 are tramsformed from 2D local space into 3D absolute space. Early IGES files from SolidWorks require such an operation.

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off

(default)

@TraverseGroups Value

Description

on

The reader attempts to traverse group entities (default).

off

References to entities within a group are ignored.

@TrimRevolvedWithModelSpaceCurves Value

Description

on

The reader attempts to compute the boundary definition by projecting 3D trimming curves (if such curves are available) onto the surface only for revolution surface entities (type #120).

off

Parameter space trimming loops are used whenever possible. Given an IGES file containing correct data, this option is faster and more robust than reading object space loops (default).

@TrimWithModelSpaceCurves Value

Description

on

The reader attempts to compute the boundary definition by projecting 3D trimming curves (if such curves are available) onto the surface. This is useful if the parameter space trimming loops in the file contain incorrect geometry data.

off

Parameter space trimming loops are used whenever possible. Given an IGES file containing correct data, this option is faster and more robust than reading object space loops (default).

@TrimWithPreferredRepresentation Value

Description

on

The reader attempts to create the boundary definition using 2D or 3D curves, based on the preferred representation provided by entity type #142. This

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option can be overridden by either @TrimRevolvedWithModelSpaceCurves = on or @TrimWithModelSpaceCurves = on. off

(default)

@UseAnsys128Format Value

Description

on

The reader attempts to read Ansys NURBS surface format.

off

(default)

@vendors Value

Description

List of vendor names

This vendor information is used to search the global section of the file to determine if it is from a particular vendor. Each vendor name is separated by semicolons and all spaces in the vendor name must be replaced by an underscore. Example: @vendors = "vendor1;vendor2;vendor3" After a vendor has been added to the list, options for that particular vendor can be specified. If a file is recognized as coming from a particular vendor, settings for that vendor take priority over "general" settings. Example: @. = ""

See also IGES Metadata Support IGES Reader Support CAD Import Options

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IGES Metadata Support The IGES reader generates the following metadata:

AUTHOR Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The author block as read from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

AUTHORS_ORGANIZATION Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The author's organization block from the 'S' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

Type

Entities

Description

string

lines

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color of the entity in the CAD model.

COLOR_RGB

surfs

Generated when @ColorsAsMetadata = on

COMMENT_BLOCK Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The comment block from the 'S' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

DRAFTING_STANDARD Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The drafting standard block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

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IGES_VERSION Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The IGES version block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The file name block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The import date block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The model units specified in the CAD file. Values include:

FILE_NAME

IMPORT_DATE

MODELUNIT

1 = inches 2 = millimeters 4 = feet 5 = miles 6 = meters 7 = kilometers 8 = mils 9 = microns 10 = centimeters 11 = microinches 12 = decimeters 13 = yards

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This is always generated.

MODIFICATION_DATE Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The modification date block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

PREPROCESSOR_VERSION Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The preprocessor version block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

PRODUCT_IDENTIFICATION Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The product identification block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

RECEIVING_PRODUCT_ID Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The receiving product ID block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The system ID block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

SYSTEM_ID

TAG

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Type

Entities

Description

string

points

The tag (name) of the entity as read from the CAD model, if one exists.

lines

Generated when @TagsAsMetadata = on

surfs

UNITS Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

The units block from the 'G' section of the file. This is generated only when the block is found in the file.

See also IGES Import Options IGES Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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JT Import Options The JT reader uses the jt_reader.ini file with the following available options:

@AttributesAsMetadata Value

Description

on

All non-blank name/value attributes are imported as metadata attached to the relevant entities (default).

off

No name/value pair attributes are imported.

@BrepAndTessLoadOption Value

Description

0

Import B-rep or tessellation, with B-rep given preference. If any B-rep is present, no tessellation is imported (default).

1

Import both the B-rep and the tessellation.

2

Import only the B-rep. If no B-rep is present, nothing is imported.

3

Import only the tessellation. If no tessellation is present, nothing is imported.

@ColorsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read color attributes of geometric entities as metadata. COLOR_RGB

off

Do not read color attributes (default).

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast

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import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses. off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@ImportFreeCurves Value

Description

on

Import free curves (wireframe entities) into the model (default).

off

Do not import free curves.

@ImportFreePoints Value

Description

on

Import free points into the model (default).

off

Do not import free points.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default. See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@SkipCreationOfSolid Value

Description

on

Surfaces are read but solid entities are not created.

off

Solid entities are created (default).

See also JT Metadata Support

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JT Reader Support CAD Import Options

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JT Metadata Support The JT reader generates the following metadata:

COLOR_RGB Type

Entities

Description

string

lines surfs

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color of the entity in the CAD model.

comps

Generated when @ColorsAsMetadata = on

Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The model units specified in the CAD file. Values include:

MODELUNIT

1 = inches 2 = millimeters 4 = feet 5 = miles 6 = meters 7 = kilometers 8 = mils 9 = microns 10 = centimeters 11 = microinches 12 = decimeters 13 = yards This is always generated.

Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

double

assems

The field is the JT attribute name and the integer/double/string is the value of the JT attribute.

string

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Generated when @AttributesAsMetadata = on

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See also JT Import Options JT Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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Parasolid Import Options The Parasolid reader uses the ct_reader.ini file with the following available options:

@ColorsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read color attributes of geometric entities as metadata. COLOR_RGB

off

Do not read color attributes (default).

@DensityAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read density value as metadata (default). DENSITY

off

Do not read density value.

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses.

off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@ImportFreeCurves Value

Description

on

Import free curves (wireframe entities) into the model (default).

off

Do not import free curves.

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@ImportFreePoints Value

Description

on

Import free points into the model (default).

off

Do not import free points.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default. See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@SkipCreationOfSolid Value

Description

on

Surfaces are read but solid entities are not created.

off

Solid entities are created (default).

@StitchingAcrossBodies Value

Description

on

Surfaces belonging to different components are stitched.

off

Surfaces belonging to different components are not stitched (default).

See also Parasolid Metadata Support Parasolid Reader Support CAD Import Options

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Parasolid Metadata Support The Parasolid reader generates the following metadata:

COLOR_RGB Type

Entities

Description

string

points lines

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color of the entity in the CAD model.

surfs

Generated when @ColorsAsMetadata = on

solids

DENSITY Type

Entities

Description

double

solids

The value of the density of a solid. Generated when @DensityAsMetadata = on

MODELUNIT Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The model units specified in the CAD file. Values include: 1 = inches 2 = millimeters 4 = feet 5 = miles 6 = meters 7 = kilometers 8 = mils 9 = microns 10 = centimeters 11 = microinches 12 = decimeters 13 = yards This is always generated.

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See also Parasolid Import Options Parasolid Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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PDGS Import Options The PDGS reader does not have any available customizations.

See also PDGS Metadata Support PDGS Reader Support CAD Import Options

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PDGS Metadata Support The PDGS reader does not generate any metadata.

See also PDGS Import Options PDGS Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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Pro E Import Options The Pro E reader uses the ct_reader.ini file with the following available options:

@ColorsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read color attributes of geometric entities as metadata. COLOR_RGB

off

Do not read color attributes (default).

@DensityAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read density value as metadata (default). DENSITY

off

Do not read density value.

@FullNameAsMetadata Value

Description

on

The full CAD name, as retrieved from the CAD part, is generated as metadata. This consists of assembly name/part name/feature name/entity name. FULL_IDENTIFIER

off

Do not generate full name metadata (default).

@ImportBlanked Value

Description

on

Import of invisible (blanked/NO SHOW) components is enabled. This option, when used, takes priority over any other similar options/settings.

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off

Import of invisible (blanked/NO SHOW) components is disabled (default). This option, when used, takes priority over any other similar options/settings.

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses.

off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@ImportFreeCurves Value

Description

on

Import free curves (wireframe entities) into the model (default).

off

Do not import free curves.

@ImportFreePoints Value

Description

on

Import free points into the model (default).

off

Do not import free points.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default. See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@SkipCreationOfSolid

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Value

Description

on

Surfaces are read but solid entities are not created.

off

Solid entities are created (default).

@StitchingAcrossBodies Value

Description

on

Surfaces belonging to different components are stitched.

off

Surfaces belonging to different components are not stitched (default).

@TagsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read tags of supported entities as metadata (default). TAG

off

Do not read tags.

See also Pro E Metadata Support Pro E Reader Support CAD Import Options

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Pro E Metadata Support The Pro E reader generates the following metadata:

COLOR_RGB Type

Entities

Description

string

points lines

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color of the entity in the CAD model.

surfs

Generated when @ColorsAsMetadata = on

solids

DENSITY Type

Entities

Description

double

solids

The value of the density of a solid. Generated when @DensityAsMetadata = on

FULL_IDENTIFIER Type

Entities

Description

string

points

A string indicating the name in the following format:

lines

"part_name/name"

surfs solids

Generated when @FullNameAsMetadata = on

comps assems

MODELUNIT Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The model units specified in the CAD file. Values include: 1 = inches 2 = millimeters

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4 = feet 5 = miles 6 = meters 7 = kilometers 8 = mils 9 = microns 10 = centimeters 11 = microinches 12 = decimeters 13 = yards This is always generated.

TAG Type

Entities

Description

string

points

The tag (name) of the entity as read from the CAD model, if one exists.

lines

Generated when @TagsAsMetadata = on

edges surfs solids

See also Pro/E Import Options Pro/E Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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SolidWorks Import Options The SolidWorks reader uses the ct_reader.ini file with the following available options:

@ColorsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read color attributes of geometric entities as metadata. COLOR_RGB

off

Do not read color attributes (default).

@DensityAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read density value as metadata (default). DENSITY

off

Do not read density value.

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses.

off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@ImportFreeCurves Value

Description

on

Import free curves (wireframe entities) into the model (default).

off

Do not import free curves.

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@ImportFreePoints Value

Description

on

Import free points into the model (default).

off

Do not import free points.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default. See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@SkipCreationOfSolid Value

Description

on

Surfaces are read but solid entities are not created.

off

Solid entities are created (default).

@StitchingAcrossBodies Value

Description

on

Surfaces belonging to different components are stitched.

off

Surfaces belonging to different components are not stitched (default).

See also SolidWorks Metadata Support SolidWorks Reader Support CAD Import Options

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SolidWorks Metadata Support The SolidWorks reader generates the following metadata:

COLOR_RGB Type

Entities

Description

string

points lines

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color of the entity in the CAD model.

surfs

Generated when @ColorsAsMetadata = on

solids

DENSITY Type

Entities

Description

double

solids

The value of the density of a solid. Generated when @DensityAsMetadata = on

MODELUNIT Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The model units specified in the CAD file. Values include: 1 = inches 2 = millimeters 4 = feet 5 = miles 6 = meters 7 = kilometers 8 = mils 9 = microns 10 = centimeters 11 = microinches 12 = decimeters 13 = yards This is always generated.

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See also SolidWorks Import Options SolidWorks Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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STEP Import Options The STEP reader uses the ct_reader.ini file with the following available options:

@ColorsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read color attributes of geometric entities as metadata. COLOR_RGB

off

Do not read color attributes (default).

@DensityAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read density value as metadata (default). DENSITY

off

Do not read density value.

@FullNameAsMetadata Value

Description

on

The full CAD name, as retrieved from the CAD part, is generated as metadata. This consists of assembly name/part name/feature name/entity name. FULL_IDENTIFIER

off

Do not generate full name metadata (default).

@ImportBlanked Value

Description

on

Import of invisible (blanked/NO SHOW) components is enabled. This option, when used, takes priority over any other similar options/settings.

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off

Import of invisible (blanked/NO SHOW) components is disabled (default). This option, when used, takes priority over any other similar options/settings.

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses.

off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@ImportFreeCurves Value

Description

on

Import free curves (wireframe entities) into the model (default).

off

Do not import free curves.

@ImportFreePoints Value

Description

on

Import free points into the model (default).

off

Do not import free points.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default. See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@SkipCreationOfSolid

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Value

Description

on

Surfaces are read but solid entities are not created.

off

Solid entities are created (default).

@StitchingAcrossBodies Value

Description

on

Surfaces belonging to different components are stitched.

off

Surfaces belonging to different components are not stitched (default).

@TagsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read tags of supported entities as metadata (default). TAG

off

Do not read tags.

See also STEP Metadata Support STEP Reader Support CAD Import Options

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STEP Metadata Support The STEP reader generates the following metadata:

COLOR_RGB Type

Entities

Description

string

points lines

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color of the entity in the CAD model.

surfs

Generated when @ColorsAsMetadata = on

solids

DENSITY Type

Entities

Description

double

solids

The value of the density of a solid. Generated when @DensityAsMetadata = on

FULL_IDENTIFIER Type

Entities

Description

string

points

A string indicating the name in the following format:

lines

"part_name/name"

surfs solids

Generated when @FullNameAsMetadata = on

comps assems

MODELUNIT Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

The model units specified in the CAD file. Values include: 1 = inches 2 = millimeters

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4 = feet 5 = miles 6 = meters 7 = kilometers 8 = mils 9 = microns 10 = centimeters 11 = microinches 12 = decimeters 13 = yards This is always generated.

TAG Type

Entities

Description

string

lines

The tag (name) of the entity as read from the CAD model, if one exists.

surfs

Generated when @TagsAsMetadata = on

solids

See also STEP Import Options STEP Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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Tribon Import Options The Tribon reader uses the tribon_reader.ini file with the following available options:

@ImportHoles Value

Description

on

Create holes (default).

off

Do not create create holes.

@ImportCutoutProfiles Value

Description

on

Import cutout profiles.

off

Do not import cutout profiles (default).

@ImportFaceplatesAsSurfaces Value

Description

on

Import faceplates as surfaces if the surface description is present in the file, otherwise import as curves (default).

off

Import faceplates as curves.

@ImportNotchProfiles Value

Description

on

Import notch profiles.

off

Do not import notch profiles (default).

@ImportPanelProfiles

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Value

Description

on

Create curves along the panel profiles.

off

Do not create curves along the panel profiles (default).

@ImportPillarsAsSurfaces Value

Description

on

Import pillars as surfaces if the surface description is present in the file, otherwise import as curves (default).

off

Import pillars as curves.

@ImportStiffenersAsSurfaces Value

Description

on

Import stiffeners as surfaces if the surface description is present in the file, otherwise import as curves (default).

off

Import stiffeners as curves.

@ImportUnboundedCurvedPlates Value

Description

on

Import curved plates lacking boundary descriptions (default).

off

Do not import curved plates lacking boundary descriptions.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default. See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@PreferDetailed

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Value

Description

on

When multiple representations of a Tribon object are available, import the most complex one (default).

off

When multiple representations of a Tribon object are available, import the least complex one.

@TribonCurvedPlateColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for curved plates, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonCurvedSimpleContourColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for curved simple contours, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonCurvedStiffenerColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for curved stiffeners, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonFlangeColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for flanges, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

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@TribonPlaneBracketColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for plane brackets, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonPlaneDetailedContoursColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for plane detailed contours, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonPlaneFaceplateColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for plane faceplates, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonPlanePillarColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for plane pillars, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonPlanePlateColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for plane plates, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

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@TribonPlaneSimpleContourColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for plane simple contours, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonPlaneStiffenerColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for plane stiffeners, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonSubFaceplateColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for sub-faceplates, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonSubFlangeColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for sub-flanges, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

@TribonSubStiffenerColor Value

Description

string

An RGB description of the color to use for sub-stiffeners, with values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 (e.g. "0.1,0.5,0.4"). If not specified, default color management will be utilized.

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See also Tribon Metadata Support Tribon Reader Support CAD Import Options

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Tribon Metadata Support The Tribon reader generates the following metadata:

BENDING_RADIUS Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the BendingRadius attribute for a plane flange group.

Type

Entities

Description

string

comps

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color for the object.

COLOR_RGB

Generated when the corresponding @TribonColor option is used.

COMP_ID Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the CompId attribute for a plate or bracket.

Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the DataType attribute for a panel.

Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the maximum extent of a block or panel, as retrieved from the Max attribute of the object.

DATA_TYPE

EXTENT_MAX

EXTENT_MIN

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Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the minimum extent of a block or panel, as retrieved from the Min attribute of the object.

Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the ForceUnits attribute for a ship units object.

FORCE_UNITS

FUNCTIONAL_PROPERTY Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the FunctionalProperty attribute for a panel or a group of subobjects of a panel.

Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the Height attribute for a plane flange group.

HEIGHT

LENGTH_UNITS Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the LengthUnits attribute for a ship units object.

MATERIAL_DIRECTION Type

Entities

Description

string

faces

The value of the MaterialDirection attribute for a flange, curved panel or knuckled panel.

MATERIAL_SIDE

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Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the material side data for a plate group or bracket group.

Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the offset data for a plate group.

OFFSET

RENDERING_TYPE Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the Type attribute for a ship rendering object.

Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the Thickness attribute for a plane flange group.

Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the Version attribute for a ship.

THICKNESS

VERSION

WEIGHT_UNITS Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The value of the WeightUnits attribute for a ship units object.

See also Tribon Import Options Tribon Reader Support

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CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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UG Import Options The UG reader uses the ug_reader.ini file. The UG reader also includes a browser to control the import of assemblies, the sorting of entities by component, and various other import details. For more information, refer to the UG Part Browser section. The UG reader and part browser have the following available options:

@AttributesAsMetadata Value

Description

on

All non-blank name/value attributes are imported as metadata attached to the relevant entities (default).

off

No name/value pair attributes are imported.

@CoordinateSystem Value

Description

global

The Coordinate system option is set to Global when the Part Browser comes up (default).

local

The Coordinate system option is set to Local when the Part Browser comes up.

@CreateWeldsInHypermesh Value

Description

on

The Create welds in HyperMesh option is checked when the Part Browser comes up.

off

The Create welds in HyperMesh option is unchecked when the Part Browser comes up (default).

@Display Value

Description

categories

The Categories option is enabled when the Part Browser comes up (default).

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layerfiltering

The Layer filtering option is enabled when the Part Browser comes up.

@ExportToMasterWeldFile Value

Description

on

The Export to master weld file option is checked when the Part Browser comes up.

off

The Export to master weld file option is unchecked when the Part Browser comes up (default).

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses.

off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@IncludeInvisibleGeometry Value

Description

on

The Include invisible geometry option is checked when the Part Browser comes up.

off

The Include invisible geometry option is unchecked when the Part Browser comes up (default).

@IncludeWireFrame Value

Description

on

The Include wireframe geometry option is checked when the Part Browser comes up (default).

off

The Include wireframe geometry option is unchecked when the Part Browser comes up.

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@LoadColorAttributes Value

Description

on

Read color attributes of geometric entities as metadata. COLOR_RGB

off

Do not read color attributes (default).

@LoadDensityAttributes Value

Description

on

Read density and transformation matrix as metadata (default). DENSITY TRANSFORMATION_MATRIX

off

Do not read density and transformation matrix.

@Merge Value

Description

on

The Merge assemblies option is checked when the Part Browser comes up. If the option is then accepted by the user, the .ALTAIR.HW.UG.MERGE metadata is generated.

off

The Merge assemblies option is unchecked when the Part Browser comes up (default).

@Midsurface Value

Description

on

When @Display= layerfiltering, the Midsurface checkbox is checked when the Part Browser comes up.

off

When @Display= layerfiltering, the Midsurface checkbox is unchecked when the Part Browser comes up (default).

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@ShowAllCategories Value

Description

on

When @Display= categories, all categories will be retrieved and displayed when the Part Browser comes up.

off

When @Display= categories, only categories in the top assembly will be retrieved and displayed when the Part Browser comes up (default).

@SkipCreationOfSolid Value

Description

on

Surfaces are read but solid entities are not created.

off

Solid entities are created (default).

@Solid Value

Description

on

When @Display= layerfiltering, the Solid checkbox is checked when the Part Browser comes up (default).

off

When @Display= layerfiltering, the Solid checkbox is unchecked when the Part Browser comes up.

@StitchDifferentSheets Value

Description

on

Stitching across different sheet bodies belonging to the same UG part/ instance is enabled (default).

off

Stitching across different UG sheet bodies is disabled.

@TagsAsMetadata

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Value

Description

on

Read tags of supported entities as metadata (default). TAG

off

Do not read tags.

See also UG Metadata Support UG Part Browser UG Reader Support CAD Import Options

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UG Metadata Support The UG reader generates the following metadata:

COLOR_RGB Type

Entities

Description

string

points lines

Three RGB values, ranging from 0 to 255, indicating the color of the entity in the CAD model.

surfs

Generated when @LoadColorAttributes = on

solids

DENSITY Type

Entities

Description

double

solids

The density value, as specified in the CAD model, if one exists. Generated when @LoadMassAttributes = on

MERGE Type

Entities

Description

integer

comps

Set to 1 if the Merge assemblies option is chosen in the Part Browser. Generated when @Merge = on

MODELUNIT Type

Entities

integer

comps

Description The model units specified in the CAD file. Values include: 1 = inches 2 = millimeters 4 = feet 5 = miles 6 = meters

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7 = kilometers 8 = mils 9 = microns 10 = centimeters 11 = microinches 12 = decimeters 13 = yards This is always generated.

TAG Type

Entities

Description

string

points

The tag (name) of the entity as read from the CAD model, if one exists.

lines

Generated when @TagsAsMetadata = on

edges surfs solids

TRANSFORMATION_MATRIX Type

Entities

Description

string

solids

A 4x4 transformation matrix from the global reference system to the part reference system. Generated when @LoadMassAttributes = on

UNIQUE_ID Type

Entities

Description

string

assems

The name of the UG assembly. This is always generated.

Entities

Description

Type

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integer

points

double

lines

The field is the UG attribute name and the integer/double/string is the value of the UG attribute.

string

surfs

Generated when @AttributesAsMetadata = on

solids comps assems

See also UG Import Options UG Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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UG Part Browser The UG Part Browser allows for advanced selection and filtering options for importing UG parts and assemblies. The browser is launched from the Import tab when importing a UG file.

On the left of the browser is the model tree. The parts listed in the model tree are shown either using the File name or Instance name options. A part can be selected for import by activating its check box. If the root is selected, all parts are considered selected. Root assembly/part is selected by default. The UG Part Browser searches all part files for weld information as well as mid-surface definitions. Parts in the assembly that have welds assembled to them are marked with a "W", . Parts with mid-surface definitions are marked with an "M", .

On the right of the browser are the available import options. These options include: Display by: - Determines whether to import the selected Categories for the parts specified in the model tree or whether to use Layer filtering to import only selected layers for the parts specified in the model tree.

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o

When the Categories option is enabled, some categories may be available in multiple parts/ assemblies and some may be available in only one. You can choose multiple categories to import. All the categories for the selected parts are imported.

o

When the Layer filtering option is enabled, you can specify specific layers to Enable or Disable for import. Commas and dashes can be used for designating more than one layer or a range of layers. For example, 1,4-7 designates layers 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7. An asterisk (*) matches everything. Only one of these two options may be specified. If any layers are specified for Disable, all other layers containing entities are imported. The default is to enable all layers.

o

When the Layer filtering option is enabled, you can additionally choose to import the Midsurface and/or the faces of Solid entities.

The Include wireframe geometry option determines whether to import free curves and points. The default is to import these entities. The Include invisible geometry option determines whether to import geometry contained in invisible layers. The default is to not import these entities. The Assign components by name option allows for customizing the organization and names of components (UG parts). The naming options are specified using the Format… button as described below:



Uses the string attribute DB_PART_NAME from the part. If that attribute does not exist, the part file name is used.



Uses the string attribute DB_PART_NUMBER or DB_PART_NO from the part. If that attribute does not exist, the part filename is used.



Uses the string attribute DB_PART_REV from the part.



Creates and names components based off of the layers of the geometry being imported.

Uses the name of the part's instance in an assembly. If the part is the root of an assembly, the part filename is used.

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If a material is specified for the geometry being imported, the name of the material is used. Otherwise, the name of the component is unaltered.

If the geometry being imported is a midsurface with thickness information, the thickness value is used. Otherwise, the name of the component is unaltered.



The internal numerical ID of each geometric body. This value is unique for each geometric body imported.



The internal numerical tag of the part instance. This value is unique for each part instance imported.

The Save settings as default checkbox saves the settings into a customized ug.ini file in the current working directory for future use. Additional options for coordinate system, weld creation, merging assemblies, and importing of attributes can be accessed by clicking the Options… button at the bottom of the browser. These options include:

o

The Co-ordinate system option determines whether to import an individual part from an assembly in the global coordinate system or its local coordinate system. If the whole assembly file is selected, it can only be imported in the global coordinate system.

o

The Create welds in HyperMesh option provides for the use of two methods to create welds. They are placed in a component named ^weld. If the part file has mid-surface definition and the Midsurface option is selected while reading the part, the welds are created between two mid-surfaces. If there is no mid-surface definition or the Midsurface option is not selected while importing the part, the welds are created as they were initially created in the UG part file.

o

The Export to master weld file option writes a master weld file from the weld data that can later be used to create the welds.

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o

If some parts of an assembly have been previously loaded and you want to add additional parts from the same assembly, you can choose to merge the parts with the existing assembly using the Merge assemblies option.

o

The Model and component attributes option allows the user to choose the attributes in the UG part file that are to be imported. Currently, the UG readers have the ability to import any userdefined attributes attached to a UG part, and attach that information as metadata to the component corresponding to the UG part. The naming options are specified using the Format… button.

The values setup and used to populate the UG Part Browser are stored in a file named ughm16.txt, located in the current working directory.

See also *feinputwithdata2 - UG UG Import Options

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UG Load Options The UG reader provides additional customization options for loading of UG models. The ug_load_options.def file can be used for this purpose. The behavior of this file is as follows. This file can be setup and written out of UG using the File->Options->Assembly Load Options dialog. The UG reader passes the options in this file to UGOpen during import, and UG utilizes the options accordingly.

A default version of the ug_load_options.def file is located in the directory [Altair Home]/io/ afc_translators/bin/[platform]. When the UG reader is activated, it first checks the current working directory for the ug_load_options.def file. If the file is not found, the translator uses the default ug_load_options.def file in the above directory. In this way the ug_load_options.def file can have "global" or "local" user scope. For instance, "local" user changes for a current job can be made by copying and modifying the ug_load_options.def file in the local current working directory.

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VDAFS Import Options The VDAFS reader uses the vdafs_reader.ini file with the following available options:

@ImportForVisualizationOnly Value

Description

on

Import the model for visualization purposes only. This will skip many of the import steps (cleanup, stitching, solid creation, etc...) to provide a fast import. The resulting model may not be suitable for other uses.

off

Import the model in the normal fashion (default).

@ImportFreeCurves Value

Description

on

Import free curves (wireframe entities) into the model (default).

off

Do not import free curves.

@ImportFreePoints Value

Description

on

Import free points into the model (default).

off

Do not import free points.

@MetadataPrefix Value

Description

string

The string is prefixed to all metadata names. No prefix is used by default. See CAD Metadata Naming for more details.

@ParameterTolerance

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Value

Description

Any positive real number.

The reader considers this tolerance as the parametric tolerance used to process the CAD data. The default value is 1.00E-06.

@Planes Value

Description

on

The reader will treat each surface as found in the CAD file (planes/NURBS).

off

The reader will convert planes into NURBS surfaces.

preferred

The reader will convert NURBS surfaces to planes if they are within the object space tolerance of being planar (default).

@StraightPolynomials Value

Description

on

The reader will treat each polynomial segment as a straight line segment. This is necessary for reading some VDAFS files, COMPUTERVISION CADDS 4X in particular.

off

The reader will treat each polynomial as found in the CAD file (default).

@TagsAsMetadata Value

Description

on

Read tags of supported entities as metadata (default). TAG

off

Do not read tags.

@Tolerance Value

Description

Any positive

The reader considers this tolerance as the object space tolerance used to

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real number.

process the CAD data. The default value is 0.01.

See also VDAFS Metadata Support VDAFS Reader Support CAD Import Options

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VDAFS Metadata Support The VDAFS reader generates the following metadata:

TAG Type

Entities

Description

string

points

The tag (name) of the entity as read from the CAD model, if one exists.

lines

Generated when @TagsAsMetadata = on

surfs

See also VDAFS Import Options VDAFS Reader Support CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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CAD Import Message Files Each reader reads the CAD file and sends the geometry information to HyperMesh. When a CAD file is read, a .msg file is created (or appended to) in the current working directory. For example, the file iges_reader.msg is created for the IGES reader. Three types of messages appear in the .msg file: info

Messages that include information about the file being read.

warning

Messages that indicate that data was modified

error

Messages that indicate when a geometric entity could not be created.

These files can be useful for debugging errors found during import. Also refer to the CAD Import Difficulties section for other suggestions.

See also CAD Import Difficulties CAD Import Options

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CAD Import Difficulties If a line does not import correctly and has gaps, the gaps are filled with straight lines. If necessary, pieces of composite curves are reversed to make the entire line continuous. Lines shorter than the object space tolerance are rejected. A line cannot intersect itself. This condition is not detected, and results may be incorrect if this kind of line is imported. A closed loop can have coincident starting and ending points. Untrimmed surfaces are corrected if they do not import correctly. Internal gaps (C0-discontinuity) are removed by blending each edge of the gap together. Breaks at C1-discontinuities are controlled internally and may accept lower-level continuities depending on the reader's internal tolerance. While surfaces with one or two dimensions smaller than the object space tolerance are not prohibited, it is likely that they may be rejected. Each point in the interior of the surface’s parameter space should map to a distinct point in object space. This condition is not detected and incorrect results may occur if such a surface is imported. A surface may be closed in one or both directions. Trimmed surfaces are a combination of untrimmed surfaces and one or more lines. The above restrictions apply to trimmed surfaces. If a surface cannot be trimmed, as much geometry information as possible is supplied. In most cases, both the underlying surface and its lines are created. It is then possible to use the surface edit panel to trim the surface manually. It is also useful to refer to the .msg files generated by each CAD reader to find warnings/errors that may help in resolving import difficulties.

See also CAD Cleanup Tolerance CAD Import Message Files CAD Import Options

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CAD Metadata Naming The metadata names generated by the CAD readers are composed of a general prefix followed by a metadata specific name. The prefix is specified using the @MetadataPrefix option in each _reader. ini file. The @MetadataPrefix option works as follows: The user specified string is appended as a prefix to the metadata name generated by that reader. The prefix is used explicitly with the metadata name. No . (period) is automatically added if it is not specified by the option. For example: @MetadataPrefix = ".ALTAIR.HW" .ALTAIR.HW @MetadataPrefix = ".ALTAIR.HW." .ALTAIR.HW. If the option is commented out, or the value is set to null "", no prefix is prepended and only the names of the metadata are used. For example: @MetadataPrefix = "" There are some pre-defined strings that have specific meaning. These pre-defined strings are automatically substituted with specific data where applicable. These strings are as follows: - the format of the CAD file (CATIA, STEP, UG, etc...) - the version of the CAD file. For CATIA, this is V4 or V5. No other format currently supports this option. In the case where there is no possible, an empty string is substituted. All other strings are used verbatim. For example: @MetadataPrefix = "" By default, the prefix is empty string for all readers. To maintain consistency with metadata names used by previous versions, a value of ".ALTAIR.HW.." is appropriate.

Some additional examples: @MetadataPrefix = ".ALTAIR.HW.." .ALTAIR.HW.CATIA.

@MetadataPrefix = "/ALTAIR/HW//" /ALTAIR/HW/CATIA/

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@MetadataPrefix = "." CATIAV5. @MetadataPrefix = ".." CATIA.V5.

See also CAD Import Options hm_metadata

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CAD Export This section describes the support provided by the CAD writers, as well as the options available for exporting CAD geometry data from HyperMesh. These writers are dynamically loaded upon demand, and include support for the following CAD formats:

IGES

See also CAD Writer Support CAD Export Options CAD Import

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CAD Writer Support Latest CAD Version CAD Format Supported v6.0 IGES JAMA-IS

Platforms1

x86 Y

Windows x86_64 Y

Linux x86

x86_64

Y

Y

1

Refer to the official HyperWorks platform support list for full details.

See also IGES Writer Support CAD Export Options

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IGES Writer Support The following entities are supported by the IGES writer: Composite curve (102) Plane (108) Line (110) Point (116) Rational B-spline curve (126) Rational B-spline surface (128) Curve on a parametric surface (142) Trimmed (parametric) surface (144) Form 7 group without back pointers (402) Fixed points (those associated with lines or surfaces) are not supported by the IGES standard and are not exported. Free points, however, are supported. In order to export fixed points, it is necessary to convert them to free points. Then, after import, those free points must be projected onto the appropriate lines or surfaces in order to generate fixed points with the proper association.

See also CAD Writer Support

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CAD Export Options The CAD writers provide options for processing data during export. All of these options are currently available from the Export tab. There are no corresponding _writer.ini files. The available options are explained in detail within the Export Options sections for each writer. There are also no message files generated for the export of CAD data.

See also IGES Export Options CAD Writer Support Export tab

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IGES Export Options When IGES data is exported, it writes lines in a form resembling the database. Each segment on the line becomes a separate curve in IGES. If there is more than one segment in the line, the resulting curves in IGES are joined together with a composite curve entity. NURBS curves and ellipses are written as rational bspline curves (IGES's rational B-splines are general NURBS). HyperMesh writes the surface faces that comprise the surface. This allows for output type options. NURBS surfaces are output as rational B-spline surfaces in IGES, as are cones, spheres, and tori. If necessary, curves on parametric surfaces and trimmed surface entities are used to trim the NURBS surface.

The Outer loop option affects the output of surface faces. In each case, a solid surface whose trimming loop corresponds to the natural trimming loop of the surface is written as an untrimmed NURBS surface. These options control the writing of a surface with holes: Optional1

The IGES 6.0 standard allows you to default to the natural outer loop of the surface being trimmed. If you are trimming a NURBS surface with several holes and no exterior trimming, the outer loop can be left out of the IGES file, making the surface representation shorter and more accurate. Use this option if it is supported by your IGES post-processor. This is not available with the JAMA-IS standard.

Mandatory2

For those post-processors that do not allow an optional outer loop, this option forces an outer loop to be written for trimmed surfaces.

Surface faces can be grouped into their corresponding surfaces by editing the Layers option. The selected option is dependent upon the post-processor for the file and the intended use of the file in the post processor: Layers

Each component is sent as a different layer (level) in the IGES file. This is the most efficient format.

Groups

Each component is sent as an associative instance entity (type 402, form 7).

Layers and Groups Each component is sent as a different layer (level). Each set of faces comprising one HyperMesh surface is sent as an associativity instance (group).

1

The most efficient form is JAMA planes and the Outer Loop Optional option; however, this choice may cause compatibility difficulties. 2

To be JAMA-IS compatible, select the JAMA planes and the Outer Loop Mandatory options.

See also IGES Writer Support

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CAD Export Options

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Functionality HyperMesh has extensive capabilities to create geometry from scratch as well as edit and cleanup existing geometry (including geometry from CAD). The available functionalities are described in the following topics.

See also Creating Geometry Editing Geometry Querying Geometry

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Creating Geometry There are many different ways to create geometry in HyperMesh which include importing from external CAD models, as well as creating new geometry from scratch. The methods used to create a particular geometry depend on both the entities available for input and the level of detail required. The following methods are available for creating geometry in HyperMesh:

Nodes xyz - Creates by specifying (x,y,z) coordinates (Nodes panel). on geometry - Creates at graphically selected locations on points, lines, surfaces and planes (Nodes panel). arc center - Creates nodes at the center of the arc that best approximates the input set of nodes, points or lines (Nodes panel). extract parametric - Creates nodes at parametric locations on lines and surfaces (Nodes panel). extract on line - Creates evenly spaced or biased nodes on a selection of lines (Nodes panel). interpolate nodes - Creates evenly spaced or biased nodes by interpolating between existing nodes in space (Nodes panel). interpolate on line - Creates evenly spaced or biased nodes by interpolating between existing nodes on a line (Nodes panel). interpolate on surface - Creates evenly spaced or biased nodes by interpolating between existing nodes on a surface (Nodes panel). intersect - Creates nodes at the intersection of geometric entities: lines/lines, lines/surfaces, lines/ solids, lines/planes, vector/lines, vector/surfaces, vector/solids and vector/plane (Nodes panel). temp nodes - Creates nodes by duplicating existing nodes or creating nodes on existing geometry or elements (Temp Nodes panel). circle center - Creates nodes at the center of the circle defined by exactly three nodes (Distance panel). duplicate - Creates nodes by duplicating existing nodes. This is available in many panels when the "duplicate" advanced entity selector is available on a nodes input collector. on screen - Creates nodes by pre-selecting existing geometry or elements and clicking on the locations to create the nodes. This is available in any panel that has a node or node list input collector (Picking nodes on geometry or elements). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Free Points xyz - Creates free points by specifying (x,y,z) coordinates (Points panel). arc center - Creates at the center of the arc that best approximates the input set of nodes, points or lines (Points panel). extract parametric - Creates free points at parametric locations on lines and surfaces (Points panel).

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intersect - Creates free points at the intersection of geometric entities: lines/lines, lines/surfaces, lines/solids, lines/planes, vector/lines, vector/surfaces, vector/solids and vector/plane (Points panel). suppressed fixed points - Creates free points at suppressed fixed point locations (Point Edit panel). circle center - Creates free points at the center of the circle defined by three free or fixed points ( Distance panel). duplicate - Creates free points by duplicating existing free or fixed points. This is available in many panels when the "duplicate" advanced entity selector is available on a points collector. Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Fixed Points by cursor - Creates fixed points at cursor locations on surfaces and surface edges (Point Edit panel, Quick Edit panel). on edge - Creates fixed points at uniform locations on a surface edge (Point Edit panel, Quick Edit panel). on surface - Creates fixed points at existing node/free point locations on/near a surface (Point Edit panel). project - Creates fixed points on surface edges by projecting existing free or fixed points (Point Edit panel, Quick Edit panel). defeature pinholes - When defeaturing pinholes, fixed points are created at the center of the each removed pinhole (Defeature panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Lines xyz - Create lines by specifying (x,y,z) coordinates (Lines panel). linear nodes - Creates linear lines between nodes (Lines panel). standard nodes - Creates standard lines between nodes (Lines panel). smooth nodes - Creates smooth lines between nodes (Lines panel). controlled nodes - Creates controlled lines between nodes (Lines panel). drag along vector - Creates lines by dragging nodes a specified distance along a vector (Lines panel). arc center and radius - Creates arcs by specifying the center and radius (Lines panel). arc nodes and vector - Creates arcs by specifying two nodes and a vector (Lines panel). arc three nodes - Creates arcs by specifying three nodes on the circumference (Lines panel). circle center and radius - Creates circles by specifying the center and radius (Lines panel). circle nodes and vector - Creates circles by specifying two nodes and a vector (Lines panel). circle three nodes - Creates circles by specifying three nodes on the circumference (Lines panel). conic - Creates conic lines by specifying the start, end and tangent locations (Lines panel).

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extract edge - Creates lines as copies of surface edges (Lines panel). extract parametric - Creates lines at parametric locations on surfaces (Lines panel). intersect - Creates lines at the intersection of geometric entities: plane/lines, plane/surfaces, plane/ elements, plane/plane and surfaces/surfaces (Lines panel). manifold - Creates linear and smooth lines on surfaces using nodes (Lines panel). offset - Creates lines by offsetting lines a uniform or variable distance (Lines panel). midline - Creates lines by interpolating between existing lines (Lines panel). fillet - Creates fillet lines between free lines (Lines panel). tangent - Creates tangent lines between a line and a node list or line (Lines panel). normal to geometry - Creates lines perpendicular to lines, surfaces and solids from node or point locations (Lines panel). normal from geometry - Creates lines perpendicular from node or point locations on lines, surfaces and solids (Lines panel). normal 2D on plane - Creates lines that lie on a plane, are perpendicular to a line, and are defined from node or point locations (Lines panel). features - Creates lines from element features (Lines panel). duplicate - Creates lines by duplicating existing lines. This is available in many panels when the "duplicate" advanced entity selector is available on a lines collector. Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel. Additional capabilities are available in solidThinking and solidThinking Inspired.

Surfaces square - Creates two-dimensional square surface primitives (Surfaces panel, Planes panel). cylinder full - Creates three-dimensional full cylinder surface primitives (Surfaces panel, Cones panel ). cylinder partial - Creates three-dimensional partial cylinder surface primitives (Surfaces panel, Cones panel). cone full - Creates three-dimensional full cone surface primitives (Surfaces panel, Cones panel). cone partial - Creates three-dimensional partial cone surface primitives (Surfaces panel, Cones panel ). sphere center and radius - Creates three-dimensional sphere surface primitives by specifying the center and radius (Surfaces panel, Spheres panel). sphere four nodes - Creates three-dimensional sphere surface primitives by specifying four nodes ( Surfaces panel, Spheres panel). sphere partial - Creates three-dimensional partial sphere surface primitives (Surfaces panel, Spheres panel).

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torus center and radius - Creates three-dimensional torus surface primitives by specifying the center, normal direction, minor radius and major radius (Surfaces panel, Torus panel). torus three nodes - Creates three-dimensional torus surface primitives by specifying three nodes ( Surfaces panel, Torus panel). torus partial - Creates three-dimensional partial torus surface primitives (Surfaces panel, Torus panel ). spin - Creates surfaces by spinning lines or a node list around an axis Surfaces panel, Spin panel). drag along vector- Creates surfaces by dragging lines or a node list along a vector (Surfaces panel, Drag panel). drag along line - Creates surfaces by dragging lines or a node list along a line (Surfaces panel, Line Drag panel). drag along normal - Creates surfaces by dragging lines along their normal (Surfaces panel). ruled - Creates surfaces by interpolating linearly between lines or nodes (Surfaces panel, Ruled panel). spline/filler - Creates surfaces by filling in gaps, such as a hole in an existing surface (Surfaces panel, Spline panel, Quick Edit panel). skin - Createssurfaces by skinning lines (Surfaces panel, Skin panel). fillet - Creates constant radius fillet surfaces across surface edges (Surfaces panel). from FE - Creates surfaces that closely fit a selection of shell elements (Surfaces panel). meshlines - A toolkit for creating lines associated to shell elements for advanced selection or surface creation (Surfaces panel). auto midsurface - Creates midsurface geometry automatically from multiple surfaces or solids ( Midsurface panel). surface pair - Creates midsurface geometry from one surface pair (Midsurface panel). duplicate - Creates surfaces by duplicating existing surfaces. This is available in many panels when the "duplicate" advanced entity selector is available on a surfaces collector. Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel. Additional capabilities are available in solidThinking and solidThinking Inspired.

Solids block - Creates three-dimensional block-shaped solid primitives (Solids panel). cylinder full - Creates three-dimensional full cylinder solid primitives (Solids panel). cylinder partial - Creates three-dimensional partial cylinder solid primitives (Solids panel). cone full - Creates three-dimensional full cone solid primitives (Solids panel). cone partial - Creates three-dimensional partial cone solid primitives (Solids panel). sphere center and radius - Creates three-dimensional sphere solid primitives by specifying the center

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and radius (Solids panel). sphere four nodes - Creates three-dimensional sphere solid primitives by specifying four nodes ( Solids panel). torus center and radius - Creates three-dimensional torus solid primitives by specifying the center, normal direction, minor radius and major radius (Solids panel). torus three nodes - Creates three-dimensional torus solid primitives by specifying three nodes ( Solids panel). torus partial - Creates three-dimensional partial torus solid primitives (Solids panel). bounding surfaces - Creates solids by converting closed surface shells which define the solid boundary (Solids panel). spin - Creates solids by spinning surfaces around an axis (Solids panel). drag along vector - Creates solids by dragging surfaces along a vector (Solids panel). drag along line - Creates solids by dragging surfaces along a line (Solids panel). drag along normal - Creates solids by dragging surfaces along their normal (Solids panel). ruled linear - Creates solids by interpolating linearly between surfaces (Solids panel). ruled smooth - Creates solids by interpolating smoothly between surfaces (Solids panel). duplicate - Creates solids by duplicating existing solids. This is available in many panels when the "duplicate" advanced entity selector is available on a solids collector. Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel. Additional capabilities are available in solidThinking and solidThinking Inspired.

See also Editing Geometry Querying Geometry

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Editing Geometry There are many different ways to edit existing geometry in HyperMesh. The methods used to edit a particular geometry depend on both the entities available for input and the level of detail required. The following methods are available for editing geometry in HyperMesh:

Nodes clear - Deletes temp nodes (Temp Nodes panel). associate - Associates nodes to fixed points, surface edges and surfaces by moving them onto those entities (Node Edit panel). move - Moves nodes along surfaces (Node Edit panel). place - Places nodes on a surface at a specified location (Node Edit panel). remap - Moves nodes by mapping them from one line or surface edge to another (Node Edit panel). align - Aligns/projects nodes to an imaginary line (Node Edit panel). find - Create temp nodes by finding FE nodes associated with other FE entities (Find panel). translate - Moves nodes along a vector direction (Translate panel). rotate - Rotates nodes about a vector axis (Rotate panel). scale - Scales the dimensions of nodes either proportionally or uniformly (Scale panel). reflect - Reflects nodes about a plane to create a mirror image (Reflect panel). project - Projects nodes onto a plane, vector, line/surface edge or surface (Project panel). position - Translates and rotate nodes into new positions (Position panel). permute - Switches the coordinates of nodes (Permute panel). renumber - Renumbers nodes (Renumber panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Free Points delete - Deletes free points (Delete panel). translate - Moves free points along a vector direction (Translate panel). rotate - Rotates free points about a vector axis (Rotate panel). scale - Scales the dimensions of free points either proportionally or uniformly (Scale panel). reflect - Reflects free points about a plane to create a mirror image (Reflect panel). project - Projects free points onto a plane, vector, line/surface edge or surface (Project panel). position - Translates and rotate free points into new positions (Position panel). permute - Switches the coordinates of free points (Permute panel).

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renumber - Renumbers free points (Renumber panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Fixed Points suppress/remove - Suppresses non-vertex fixed points (Point Edit panel, Quick Edit panel). replace - Combine smultiple fixed points by moving them to one fixed point location (Point Edit panel , Quick Edit panel). release - Releases fixed point vertices such that any shared edges attached to the point become free edges (Point Edit panel, Quick Edit panel). renumber - Renumbers fixed points (Renumber panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Lines delete - Deletes lines (Delete panel, Lines panel). combine - Combines two lines into one (Line Edit panel). split at point - Splits lines at graphically selected locations (Line Edit panel). split at joint - Splits lines at segment end points (Line Edit panel). split at line - Splits lines by using a cut line (Line Edit panel). split at plane - Splits lines at plane intersection locations (Line Edit panel). smooth - Smooths segmented lines (Line Edit panel). extend - Extends lines by either a specified distance, or to meet an existing node, point, line/surface edge or surface (Line Edit panel). translate - Moves lines along a vector direction (Translate panel). rotate - Rotates lines about a vector axis (Rotate panel). scale - Scales the dimensions of lines either proportionally or uniformly (Scale panel). reflect - Reflects lines about a plane to create a mirror image (Reflect panel). project - Projects lines onto a plane, vector or surface (Project panel). position - Translates and rotate lines into new positions (Position panel). permute - Switches the coordinates of lines (Permute panel). renumber - Renumbers lines (Renumber panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel. Additional capabilities are available in solidThinking and solidThinking Inspired.

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Surfaces delete - Deletes surfaces (Delete panel, Quick Edit panel). trim - Trims surfaces using nodes, lines, surfaces and planes (Surface Edit panel, Quick Edit panel). untrim/unsplit - Removes various trim/split lines from surfaces (Surface Edit panel, Edge Edit panel, Quick Edit panel). offset - Offsets surfaces along their normal directions while maintaining topological connectivity ( Surface Edit panel). extend - Extends the edges of surfaces to meet or intersect other surfaces (Surface Edit panel, Midsurface panel). shrink - Shrinks surfaces by drawing in all surfaces edges (Surface Edit panel). defeature - Removes pinholes, surface fillets, edge fillets and duplicate surfaces (Defeature panel, Edge Edit panel). midsurfaces - Modifies and edits extracted midsurfaces (Midsurface panel). surface edges - Toggles, suppresses, unsuppresses and equivalences surface edges (Edge Edit panel, Quick Edit panel). washer - Trims surfaces using free edge closed loop or shared edge offsets (Quick Edit panel). autocleanup - Performs basic automatic geometry cleanup functions in preparation for meshing ( Autocleanup panel). dimensioning - Modifies dimensions of or between surfaces (Dimensioning panel). morphing - Morphs surfaces that have had associated nodes morphed away from them (Morph panel ). translate - Moves surfaces along a vector direction (Translate panel). rotate - Rotates surfaces about a vector axis (Rotate panel). scale - Scales the dimensions of surfaces either proportionally or uniformly (Scale panel). reflect - Reflects surfaces about a plane to create a mirror image (Reflect panel). position - Translates and rotate surfaces into new positions (Position panel). permute - Switches the coordinates of surfaces (Permute panel). renumber - Renumbers surface edges and surfaces (Renumber panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel. Additional capabilities are available in solidThinking and solidThinking Inspired.

Solids delete - Deletes solids (Delete panel). trim - Trims solids using nodes, lines, surfaces and planes (Solid Edit panel).

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merge - Combines two or more solids into a single solid (Solid Edit panel). detach - Detaches solids that have shared fin faces from each other (Solid Edit panel). boolean - Performs complex merge and split functions on solids (Solid Edit panel). dimensioning - Modifies dimensions of or between surfaces (Dimensioning panel). translate - Moves solids along a vector direction (Translate panel). rotate - Rotates solids about a vector axis (Rotate panel). scale - Scales the dimensions of solids either proportionally or uniformly (Scale panel). reflect - Reflects solids about a plane to create a mirror image (Reflect panel). position - Translates and rotate solids into new positions (Position panel). permute - Switches the coordinates of solids (Permute panel). renumber - Renumbers solids (Renumber panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel. Additional capabilities are available in solidThinking and solidThinking Inspired. See tutorial HM2080 for an example.

See also Creating Geometry Querying Geometry

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Querying Geometry There are many different ways to query geometry in HyperMesh. The following methods are available for querying geometry in HyperMesh:

Nodes card editor - With an appropriate template loaded, the card editor can be used to review node information (Card Editor panel). distance - Finds the distance between two nodes (Distance panel). angle - Finds the angle between three nodes (Distance panel). organize - Moves nodes into different include files (Organize panel). numbers - Displays the IDs of nodes (Numbers panel). count - Counts the total or displayed nodes (Count panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Free Points distance - Finds the distance between two free points (Distance panel). angle - Finds the angle between three free points (Distance panel). organize - Moves free points into different component collectors (Organize panel). numbers - Displays the IDs of free points (Numbers panel). count - Counts the total or displayed free points (Count panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Fixed Points distance - Finds the distance between two fixed points (Distance panel). angle - Finds the angle between three fixed points (Distance panel). numbers - Displays the IDs of fixed points (Numbers panel). count - Counts the total or displayed fixed points (Count panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Lines length - Finds the total length of selected lines/surface edges (Lines panel). organize - Moves lines into different component collectors (Organize panel). numbers - Displays the IDs of lines/surface edges (Numbers panel).

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count - Counts the total or displayed line/surface edges (Count panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Surfaces normal - Reviews the normal direction of surfaces (Normals panel). organize - Moves surfaces into different component collectors (Organize panel). numbers - Displays the IDs of surface edges and surfaces (Numbers panel). count - Counts the total or displayed surfaces (Count panel). area - Queries the total area of the selected surfaces (Mass Calc panel). dimensioning - Queries dimensions of or between surfaces (Dimensioning panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

Solids normal - Reviews the normal direction of solid surfaces (Normals panel). organize - Moves solids into different component collectors (Organize panel). numbers - Displays the IDs of solids (Numbers panel). count - Counts the total or displayed solids (Count panel). area - Queries the total area of the selected solids' surfaces (Mass Calc panel). volume - Queries the total volume of the selected solids (Mass Calc panel). dimensioning - Queries dimensions of or between surfaces (Dimensioning panel). Misc. API commands that do not have an associated panel.

See also Creating Geometry Editing Geometry

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Meshing Models are typically meshed automatically, but individual elements can be modified by hand if need to be to improve element quality in problem areas. Meshing is organized by the number of dimensions involved: 0-D Elements Line Meshing Surface Meshing Volume Mesh

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0-D Elements 0-D elements are essentially mesh nodes with an additional value attached to them. The 0-D elements currently supported are masses. Masses have the ability to store one node, a value of mass, and a property reference.

Masses can be created in the masses panel, and the underlying concept is also the basis for Smooth Particle Hydrodynamcs Mesh.

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SPH Mesh Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), Finite Point Method (FPM) is a technique used to analyze bodies that do not have high cohesive forces among themselves and undergo large deformation, such as liquids and gases. Typical applications for SPH FPM include airbag modeling in crash, fuel tank slosh, bird strike and explosion analysis. In SPH FPM, a given volume of the body of interest is discretized into particles, called SPH elements. SPH elements (called particles) are like nodes which do not have any geometric connectivity among themselves. Each SPH element has an effective mass. The mass sum of all particles in the filled volume of the body should be equal to the mass of the filled volume. In HyperMesh, SPH elements are currently supported as 0D MASS elements. The SPH mesh panel is shown below:

The SPH mesh panel has been added to the 1D page to facilitate the creation of SPH elements. When using the RADIOSS (Block) user profile, the SPH mesh panel can also be accessed via the menu bar by clicking Mesh, clicking Create and clicking SPH Mesh. The SPH mesh panel is shown below:

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SPH Mesh Generation Input Elements, components, surfaces and solids are supported as input to the SPH mesher. Selected elements can be shell or solid elements; however, the selected elements need to form a closed volume. Selected components can contain either an FE mesh or geometry; however, the FE mesh or geometry must also form a closed volume. More than one component can be selected to form a closed volume for SPH meshing. If the selected components are such that one is completely contained within another, SPH elements are created within the volume between the two selected components as shown below:

Component Volume Meshing

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SPH Mesh Type and Pitch The SPH mesher supports two mesh types for SPH element generation - simple cubic, and face centered cubic (FCC). Face centered cubic is similar to a hexagonal close packed (HCP) structure and is recommended for use in RADIOSS models. Pitch is defined as the distance between two SPH elements, h, as shown below, for both simple cubic and face centered cubic mesh types.

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Material Density or Mass of Filled Volume Each SPH element must have an effective mass. The effective mass for each SPH element is determined by entering either a material density of the material which fills the volume; or the total mass of the material in the filled volume, called the filled volume mass. If entering a material density, the SPH mesher determines the effective mass for each SPH element from material density, volume to be filled with SPH elements, and number of SPH elements generated as follows:

If entering the filled volume mass, the SPH mesher calculates effective mass for each SPH element from filled volume mass, and number of SPH elements generated as follows:

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Filling Options The input mesh/geometry can be filled either partially or completely by turning on the partial fill checkbox in the SPH mesh panel. In case of a partial fill, you need to provide the fill percentage and direction of fill. The direction can be defined using global X, Y, Z axis, a user defined vector, or the standard vector selector, which accepts 2 or 3 nodes to define a vector for the fill direction. The defined fill direction can be reversed by turning the reverse checkbox. A schematic of fill direction is shown below.

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Solver Interfacing It is recommended that you create a new component collector before starting the SPH mesh generation so that the generated mesh is stored in a separate collector. The generated SPH elements are mapped to the following cards for each supported user profile:

RADIOSS SPHCEL In addition, a new property card PROP/SPH is created for RADIOSS interface.

LS-Dyna *ELEMENT_SPH PAM-CRASH 2G SPHEL

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Visualization of SPH (Mass) Elements The generated SPH elements (particles) produces elements of mass configuration. Mass elements have a graphical representation of a spherical and also can have an element handle which places an additional label of the elements configuration with the graphical representation. In order to improve the visualization of SPH elements, it is suggested to turn off element handles. Element handles can easily be turned on/off from the Display toolbar using the Element Handles icon . SPH elements, like any element in HyperMesh, are created in the current component and are also colored the same as that component. The component color can be changed using standard Model Browser functionality.

Examples of SPH elements (particle) generation of a partially (50%) filled fuel tank

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Line Meshing 1-D mesh allows accurate testing of connectors (such as bolts) and similar rod-like or bar-like objects that can be modeled as a simple line for FEA purposes. One-dimensional elements currently supported include bar2s, bar3s, rigid links, rbe3s, plots, rigids, rods, springs, welds, gaps, and joints. The following list indicates the storage capabilities and purpose of each of the 1-D elements. 1-D Element

Stores

Purpose

Bar2

A property reference

Supports complex beams.

A local axis vector Pin flags Offset vectors Optional orientation nodes Bar3

Property reference

Supports complex beams.

Local axis vector

Note: bar3s contain a third node designed to supported second order beams.

Pin flags Offset vectors Optional orientation nodes Gap

Property reference

Joint

Property reference

Plot

A reference to two nodes

Supports display type elements.

RBE3

A degree of freedom at each node

Supports NASTRAN RBE3 elements.

Supports kinematic joint definitions supplied with Safety Analysis Optional orientation nodes or system Codes. (s)

Weight at each node Rigid link

Supports gap elements.

A degree of freedom code One independent node

Supports rigid elements with multiple nodes.

Multiple dependent nodes Rigid

A degree of freedom code

Supports rigid elements.

Rod

A property reference

Supports simple beams.

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Spring

A property reference

Supports springs or damper.

A degree of freedom code An optional orientation vector Weld

Note:

A degree of freedom code

Supports weld elements.

The 1-D element-building panels are located on the 1D page of the default main menu. Plot elements are generated in the edit element, line mesh, elem offset, edges, or features panel.

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Surface Meshing A surface mesh or "shell mesh" represents model parts that are relatively two-dimensional, such as sheet metal or a hollow plastic cowl or case. In addition, surface meshes placed on the outer faces of solid objects are used as a baseline mapping point when creating more complex 3-D meshes (the quality of a 3-D mesh largely depends on the quality of the 2-D mesh from which it is generated). Three-noded trias, four-noded quads, six-noded trias, and eight-noded quads can all be built in HyperMesh. These two-dimensional elements can be built in any of the following panels: automesh

Builds elements on surfaces according to user specifications.

shrink wrap

Builds 2D (optionally 3D) simplified meshes of existing complex models.

cones

Builds elements on conic or cylindrical surfaces.

drag

Builds elements by dragging a line, row of nodes, or group of elements along a vector.

edit element

Builds elements by hand.

elem offset

Builds elements by offsetting a group of elements in the direction of their normals.

line drag

Builds elements by dragging a line or group of elements along or about a control line.

planes

Builds elements on square or trimmed planar surfaces.

ruled

Builds elements between two rows of nodes, a row of nodes and a line, or two lines.

spheres

Builds elements on spherical surfaces.

spin

Builds elements by spinning a line, row of nodes, or group of elements about a vector.

spline

Builds elements that lie on a surface defined by lines.

torus

Builds elements on toroidal surfaces.

Note:

By default, first order linear elements are generated when the functions in these panels are executed, but second order parabolic elements may be generated by changing the element order in the mesh sub-panel of the options panel.

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Automatic Mesh Generation HyperMesh has a centralized plate and shell mesh generation tool called the Automeshing secondary panel. Most of the element creation panels use this module, which supplies as much automated assistance as possible. You can adjust interactively a wide variety of parameters and choose from a suite of algorithms. HyperMesh responds with immediate feedback on the effects of the changes, until you are satisfied with the resulting mesh. There are two approaches to the Automeshing secondary panel, depending on whether or not you use surfaces as the basis for the operation. If you use surfaces, you may choose from a greater variety of algorithms, have more flexibility in specifying the algorithm parameters, and employ the mesh-smoothing operation to improve element quality. If you do not use surfaces, the meshing process is usually faster and uses less memory. Most of the functions are still available and operate in the same way. Furthermore, there are situations in which it is not possible or not desirable to create a surface. For either method, the module operates the same. You control interactively the number of elements on each edge or side and can determine immediately the nodes that are used to create the mesh. You can adjust the node biasing on each edge to force more elements to be created near one end than near the other, which allows you to see immediately the locations of the new nodes. You can also specify whether the new elements should be quads, trias, or mixed and whether they should be first or second order elements. The created mesh can be previewed, which allows you to evaluate it for element quality before choosing to store it in the database. While you are in the meshing module, you can use any of viewing tools on the visual options menu to simplify the visualization of complex structures in your model. If you use surfaces, you can specify the mesh generation and visualization options to use on each individual surface. You may choose from several mesh generation algorithms. Mesh smoothing is also available and you may select the algorithm for that operation as well.

A solid model created by dragging automeshed plate elements.

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The automeshing secondary panel can make second order elements for boundary element solutions.

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Element Biasing The automeshing process allows you to bias the placement of nodes so that their intervals are not uniform in size. You can designate that the smaller intervals go near the start of the edge, near the end of the edge, near both ends with larger intervals in the middle, or near the middle of the edge. Within the automesher, you may want to use biasing to improve element quality when transitioning from smaller to larger element sizes. When you use the Drag and Solid Offset panels, you can use biasing to cluster several layers of elements near the surface of a solid. In linear solids, the mesh at one end could be scaled several times larger than at the other end. Element biasing allows you to moderate the changes in aspect ratio from the start to the end. There are three methods you can use to calculate the biasing of node positions: Linear Exponential biasing Bellcurve

Use biasing to preserve element quality in complex regions.

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Linear Biasing In linear biasing, the biasing intensity corresponds to the positive slope of a straight line over the interval [0,1] of the Real Line. This interval is uniformly divided into as many subintervals as specified by the element density and they are mapped along the edge so that the length of the image interval is proportional to the height of the line over the midpoint of the source interval. Each image interval corresponds to the side of an element.

Specifically, let n be the element density and let

.

We want a node placement function x(s) taking values in [0,1] with x(0) = 0 and x(1) = 1. If m is the slope of the line, and b is its y-intercept, then:

.

Using x(0) = 0, and x(1) = 1, we find:

so,

. For this, m is the absolute value of the biasing intensity. If the biasing intensity is negative, the nodes are placed according to 1 - x(s). Thus, a positive biasing intensity puts small elements at the start of the interval. We can use b to scale the behavior of the function so that convenient values are in the range [0,20]. The value used is b = 1.5.

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Exponential Biasing In exponential biasing, the sizes of the intervals grow geometrically, progressing along the edge, with each successive interval being a constant factor larger than the previous. That factor is 1.0 plus 1/10 of the absolute value of the biasing intensity. This formula was chosen so that an intensity of zero will still represent no biasing, and convenient values will fall in the range [0,20]. Negative biasing intensities just reverse the edge, placing the smaller elements at the end instead of the beginning.

Specifically, let n be the element density and let

.

We want a node placement function x(s) taking values in [0,1] with x(0) = 0 and x(1) =1.

Let

be the geometric growth factor.

We need a function

Let

so that:

then:

which gives the proper interval lengths,

then x(s) scales them to the range of [0,1]. Thus,

.

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Bellcurve Biasing In bellcurve biasing, nodes are distributed long the edge in a pattern that is symmetric across the midpoint of the edge. If the biasing intensity is positive, the smaller intervals are placed at the beginning and end of the edge, and if it is negative, they are placed at the middle of the edge.

Specifically, let n be the element density and

We need

.

so that

takes values in [0,1] with x(0) = 0, x(1) = 1, and has the behavior noted above. If we use:

for positive biasing intensity r, then x(s) becomes:

where erf() is the statistical error function,

.

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Linked or Locked Edges Most of the surface-less mesh generation algorithms require that some edges have exactly the same element density and biasing values as other edges. Those edges are automatically linked together so that they stay balanced. Any change to one of the edges is immediately applied to all others that are linked to it. Some of the surface creation panels allow you to use a node list to define one or more sides of a surface. In these circumstances, those nodes are used directly to make elements within the Automeshing secondary panel. The resulting edge is locked and you cannot change the element density or biasing. If you try to adjust the element density numbers corresponding to these locked edges, it has no effect. The error message, "The value of this number cannot be changed" is displayed.

Use the automeshing secondary panel to prepare input for solid offset.

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Smoothing Algorithms Three smoothing algorithms are available: Autodecide

By default, the perimeter of the region is traversed looking for variations in element edge length and choose between size-correcting and shapecorrecting smoothing algorithms.

Size Corrected

The size-corrected smoothing algorithm attempts to even out the sizes of the elements at the cost of some element quality, usually in the form of worsened aspect ratios from the stretching of elements. A modified Laplacian over-relaxation that can correctly handle mixtures of quads and trias is used. If the element spacing around the perimeter is roughly uniform, this choice usually gives the best results.

Shape Corrected

The shape-correcting smoothing algorithm attempts to correct the elements’ shapes, allowing variation in element size. HyperMesh uses a modified isoparametric-centroidal over-relaxation that can correctly handle mixtures of quads and trias. If there is a transition from small elements to large elements in the region, this choice usually gives the best results.

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Mesh Generation Algorithms The mesh generation algorithms are divided into two types: those that require the presence of a surface to provide a context of operation, or those working entirely from node and/or line data. The mesh generation algorithms include: Autodecide

If you are meshing a surface, the default mesh generation algorithm is Autodecide. In this case, the geometry of each face and the element densities specified for each edge is analyzed, and the algorithm that will give the best results is selected. For most configurations, the Free algorithm is chosen.

Free

The Free meshing algorithm is a general-purpose formula that works for most meshing conditions. The surface can have interior holes or edges and any number of sides. If quads or trias is the selected element type, an advancing front algorithm is used. If mixed is the element type, a sub-mapping algorithm is used. The advancing front algorithm uses the following process: Traverses the perimeter of the region, placing elements along the edges as it proceeds. Each site where an element could be placed is measured and one of several possible elements is chosen. Eventually the entire region is filled with elements. Examines the groups of elements to see if a local change in the connectivity might improve element quality. Applies repeatedly the selected smoothing algorithm until no node is moved farther than the specified smoothing tolerance. If quads is the selected element type for the current face, HyperMesh attempts to produce an all-quads mesh, but there are some situations in which one or more trias are included: If the total number of elements specified for the perimeter of the face is odd, at least one tria always needed. If there is a tight corner on the boundary that would require a poor quality quad, a single tria is used. Sometimes two or more trias are needed because of the particular order in which the elements were generated; if that is the case, you can usually eliminate them by changing some of the meshing parameters and then remeshing the region.

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If quads only is the selected element type, a mesh is created consisting entirely of quads; no trias will be used. Note that this method is more likely to fail to mesh than the quads option.

If trias is the selected element type, a streamlined version of this algorithm that is optimized for the different shape and connectivity requirements of tria elements is used. Map as Triangle, If the region is free from internal holes and the boundary is clearly triangular, Rectangle, or rectangular, or pentagonal in shape, the best choice of algorithm is usually to Pentagon map a standard mesh onto the region using transfinite interpolation. Such an operation is exceedingly fast, and where applicable, gives quality results rapidly. A standard template based on the element densities around the perimeter of the region is chosen. Ignoring rotations, more than 18 different configurations requiring distinct templates are recognized. To make tria elements, first a quads mesh is created and then each element is divided along its shortest diagonal. Map without Surface

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If you are creating a mesh entirely from line and/or node data, with no surface, the mesh generation algorithm is decided by the tool that was used to describe the desired operation. If you use the Drag panel, the algorithm is to drag. If you use the Spin panel, the algorithm is to spin, and if you use the Spheres panel, the algorithm is to map a sphere-covering mesh. You can still use the density and biasing manipulation tools but some edges will be linked together, so that the configuration always satisfies the balancing requirements of the intended mapping.

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Using the Automeshing Secondary Panel The functions of the automeshing secondary panel are divided into six sub-panels. You can switch freely between the sub-panels; the screen display changes to present only the information applicable to the current operation. density sub-panel type sub-panel biasing sub-panel checks sub-panel Each automeshing sub-panel has the mesh, reject, smooth, undo, abort, and return functions (see automeshing secondary panel in the Panels section), as well as the local view pop-up menu.

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Shrink Wrap Meshing Shrink wrap meshing is a method to create a simplified mesh of a complex model when high-precision models are not necessary, as is the case for powertrain components during crash analysis. The model's size, mass, and general shape remains, but the surface features and details are simplified, which can result in faster analysis computation. You can determine the level of detail retained by determining the mesh size to use, among other options.

You can shrink wrap elements, components, surfaces, solids, node clouds, or point clouds. The shrink wrap allows for wrapping of multiple components if they are selected. The selection provides the option to wrap all nodes, elements, components, surfaces, points, or solids, or only a certain portion of the model if desired. The input to the shrink wrap (that is, the model parts that you wish to wrap) can consist of 2d or 3d elements along with surfaces or solids. One use case for shrink wrapping is when you need to convert an .stl representation of a model into a tria/quad mesh; using shrink wrap provides a quick and efficient way of achieving this. Similarly, crash analysis does not require a highly-detailed powertrain model; in such cases you can use the shrink wrap mesh to quickly generate a simplified approximation of a detailed powertrain model. Crash analysts can then use that coarser shrink wrap representation within the crash simulation model. Other reasons to use the shrink wrap include being able to stitch over very bad geometry to generate an enclosed volume mesh for tetra-meshing. The shrink wrap tool can work from elements (whether 2d or 3d) or geometry. Thus, in the case of an "unclean" geometry model with many released (free) edges, you can either generate any arbitrary mesh on the unclean geometry using the automesh functionality beforehand and then creating shrink wrap or you can simply select the surface or solid without meshing the geometry first; either of these steps will yield good output mesh. (The key in such cases is to ensure that the element size used for the shrink wrap is large enough to stitch over the unclean surface edge splits so that an enclosed volume can be created.) Shrink wrap mesh can be generated as a surface mesh (using a loose or tight wrapping), or as a full-volume hex mesh by use of the Shrink Wrap panel. The distinction between surface or volume mesh is an option labeled generate solid mesh.

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Loose Shrink Wrap Mesh Loose wrap wraps the selected elements or components, surfaces, or solids with the target element size specified, and outputs an outer-volume mesh which approximately adheres to the original FE topology. A smaller element size generates a shrink wrap mesh that more closely approximates the original FE representation and adheres to more features; a larger element size produces a more basic mesh which ignores more features. The loose wrap does not project the nodes of the shrink wrap mesh to the original mesh, and typically the shrink wrap mesh will have an offset from the original mesh – again, the offset is dependant on the target element size used. Once the shrink wrap meshing process has completed the new elements will be created in the current component. For every new run of the shrink wrap mesh (both loose and tight) it may be necessary to create a new component collector if you wish the elements to be placed in another collector other than the current component collector. In the example below, an .stl model is wrapped with a couple of different element sizes to show the differing output that can be achieved.

Original Model

Comparing the effect of varying mesh size (shell output): 2 mm mesh

5mm mesh

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Comparing the effects of altering the jacobian value for solid mesh generation: Within both tight and loose wrap algorithm’s there is an option to generate solid mesh. This will generate an all Hexa mesh on completion of the shrink wrap. When the generate solid mesh checkbox is active it will expose a minimum jacobian input, this option essentially will hexa mesh the part with this element quality critieria defined, it controls the hexa quality which is directly linked to the adherence to the topological features of the original component. The jacobian value must be between 0 and 1. The nearer the value is to 1 the cruder the output will appear, the mesh will be more heavily voxelised. When the value is closer to 0, you are allowing the shrink wrap solid mesh algorithm to smooth and adhere to more features while maintaining the solid mesh minimum jacobian element quality. By default the minimum jacobian value is 0.3. 2mm solid mesh, jacobian=1.0

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2mm solid mesh, jacobian=0.3

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With Features option An additional option allows you to manually define features which will be adhered to during the meshing process. Typically, when using the shrink wrap the mesh attempts to follow features, but has some freedom to break away from original edges of the part. However, when the features are manually selected within the panel the resultant shrink wrap mesh will follow the chosen features. This can be important when defining a face of a component that may be in contact with other parts, or there may just be a feature that needs to be recognized and adhered to and cannot be approximated for whatever reason. The diagrams below show an example of the tight shrink wrap with feature output. Tight Wrap with and without feature recognition – 2mm

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Comparing the effects of using global system and local system for mesh orientation: There is also an advanced option to control the mesh orientation. If you have a non-uniform part and you want to re-orientate the mesh so that it follows the features of the original component better then you can use this option. By default the mesh orientation always adheres to the global system, however, you can generate a local co-ordinate system and override the default behavior. In the example below, you can see the original mesh, the default shrink wrap mesh using the global system, and the new re-orientated mesh using the local co-ordinate system (note that rows of elements in the reoriented mesh run along the tubes rather than at angles across them). Original .stl input

Shrink wrap output using global system

Shrink wrap output using local system

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Tight Shrink Wrap Mesh Tight wrap creates a wrapped surface mesh which adheres as closely as possible to the original FE topology representation, automatically detecting and following the surface features of the model. The accuracy of the output is dictated by the element size: the larger the element size the less detail, the smaller the element size the more detail. This algorithm works differently than the loose wrap in that it projects the nodes of the shrink wrap to the original mesh, hence it is able to more accurately capture features. Notice in the images below the differences between tight and loose meshing, especially in the pulleys on the front of the engine and the resulting width of the individual cylinder exhaust pipes: Original Model

Tight Wrap – 2mm

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Loose wrap - 2mm

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Comparing the effects of altering the jacobian value for solid mesh generation: Within both tight and loose wrap algorithm’s there is an option to generate solid mesh. This will generate an all Hexa mesh on completion of the shrink wrap. When the generate solid mesh checkbox is active it will expose a minimum jacobian input, this option essentially will hexa mesh the part with this element quality critieria defined, it controls the hexa quality which is directly linked to the adherence to the topological features of the original component. The jacobian value must be between 0 and 1. The nearer the value is to 1 the cruder the output will appear, the mesh will be more heavily voxelised. When the value is closer to 0, you are allowing the shrink wrap solid mesh algorithm to smooth and adhere to more features while maintaining the solid mesh minimum jacobian element quality. By default the minimum jacobian value is 0.3. 2mm solid mesh, jacobian=1.0

2mm solid mesh, jacobian=0.3

With Features option An additional option allows you to manually define features which will be adhered to during the meshing process. Typically, when using the shrink wrap the mesh attempts to follow features, but has some freedom to break away from original edges of the part. However, when the features are manually selected within the panel the resultant shrink wrap mesh will follow the chosen features. This can be important when defining a face of a component that may be in contact with other parts, or there may just be a feature that needs to be recognized and adhered to and cannot be approximated for whatever reason. The diagrams below show an example of the tight shrink wrap with feature output. Tight Wrap with and without feature recognition – 2mm

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Comparing the effects of using global system and local system for mesh orientation: There is also an advanced option to control the mesh orientation. If you have a non-uniform part and you want to re-orientate the mesh so that it follows the features of the original component better then you can use this option. By default the mesh orientation always adheres to the global system, however, you can generate a local co-ordinate system and override the default behavior. In the example below, you can see the original mesh, the default shrink wrap mesh using the global system, and the new re-orientated mesh using the local co-ordinate system (note that the reoriented mesh runs along the tubes rather than across them). Original .stl input

Shrink wrap output using global system

Shrink wrap output using local system

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Generate 2D BL Mesh The Generate 2D BL Mesh utility allows you to generate 2D meshes with or without boundary layers on planar sections defined by sets/groups of edges defining closed loops. A region is considered closed if it is entirely bounded by edge elements (edge elements should be of type PLOTEL). Element configurations generated by this utility are linear quadrilateral (quad4) and triangular (tria3). To access this utility, from within the CFD user profile, on the Utility Menu, click the Generate 2D BL Mesh button. The following options allow you to create a 2D mesh with or without boundary layers from groups of edges defining closed and non-intersecting loops. Number of Boundary Layers

Specifies the number of boundary layers to be generated from all the elements in components with type Wall. No boundary layers will be generated from components with type Wall if the value of the number of boundary layers is set to 0.

1st Layer Thickness

Desired thickness for the first layer of elements.

Growth Rate

Boundary layer thickness growth rate from layer to layer.

Bound Type

When Bound Type is set to Wall, boundary layers are generated along the component edges. No boundary layers are generated when Bound Type is set to far-field, inlet, outlet and symmetry. Note that edge elements in collectors having Bound Type defined as far-field, inlet, outlet and symmetry will be used to define the geometry, but they will not dictate element size/density.

Add Collectors

Used to select collectors with edge elements that define the boundaries of the domain. Selected collectors are populated in the Components Table with the default values set for 1st Layer Thickness, Growth Rate and Bound Type.

Remove

Used to remove the selected collectors from the Components list.

Set defaults

Used to assign the default values for 1st Layer Thickness, Growth Rate and Bound Type.

Allow Boundary Node Insertion

Option to refine the boundary edges to generate boundary layer type meshes with the maximum desired element aspect ratio.

Allow Boundary Node Movement

Option to move boundary nodes to generate boundary layer type meshes with the maximum desired element aspect ratio.

Max Perimeter Element Aspect Ratio

Used to refine the boundary edges (inserting nodes and/or moving nodes) to meet the specified aspect ratio.

Generate 2D BL Mesh

Generate the mesh with the selected edges and associated settings.

Reject

Deletes the generated mesh.

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How do I.... Mesh a 2D Planar Area with Boundary Layers for CFD

See also An Alphabetical List of HyperMesh Panels

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Meshing a 2D Planar Area with Boundary Layers 1.

Select Generate 2D BL Mesh from the CFD Mesh section in the Utility Menu.

2.

Set the default values that apply to most components, i.e. 1st Layer Thickness, Growth Rate and Bound Type.

3.

Use the Add collector field to select or add components containing edge elements (elem type PLOTEL) that define the boundaries of the 2D section. Default values (1st Layer Thickness, Growth Rate and Bound Type ) are assigned to the selected components.

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4.

Use Remove to remove collectors from the Component list. For fast component selection, use the options All, Reverse and None.

5.

Use Set defaults to reset the values of 1st Layer Thickness, Growth Rate and Bound Type for the selected components.

6.

Set the Bound type field to wall for all the collectors on which you want to generate boundary layers. No boundary layers will be generated on collectors having Bound type set as far-field, inlet, outlet and symmetry.

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7.

Set the number of boundary layers to be generated in Number of boundary layers.

8.

The checkbox Allow boundary node insertion is used to control the aspect ratio of boundary layer elements by refining the edges to generate boundary layer elements that satisfy the Max perimeter element aspect ratio value.

9.

The checkbox Allow boundary node movement is used to control the aspect ratio of boundary layer elements by boundary node movement so that generate boundary layer elements will satisfy the Max perimeter element aspect ratio value.

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10. The checkbox Retain node seeding on edge w/o BL is used to ensure that nodes along the boundary layer edge are not modified. 11. Click Generate 2D BL Mesh to generate the mesh:

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12. Click Reject to undo/delete the generated mesh.

See also

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Generate 2D BL Mesh

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Volume Meshing Volume mesh or "solid meshing" uses 3-dimensional elements to represent fully 3-D objects, such as solid parts or sheets of material that have enough thickness and surface variety that solid meshing makes more sense than 2-D shell meshing. HyperMesh builds 4- and 10-noded tetras, 6- and 15-noded pentas, and 8- and 20-noded hexa elements. Tetras can be built in the edit element panel by hand or by using the tetramesh panel. Pentas and hexas can be built in any of the following panels: drag

Drags a group of two-dimensional elements along a vector to create solids.

edit element Builds elements by hand. line drag

Drags a group of two-dimensional elements along a line.

linear solid

Creates solid elements between two-dimensional elements.

solid map

Builds solid elements between nodes, lines, and surfaces.

solid mesh

Builds solid elements between a variable number of lines.

elem offset

Creates solid elements by offsetting a group of two-dimensional elements normal to the surface formed by the group of two-dimensional elements

spin

Spins a group of two-dimensional elements about a vector to create solids.

split

Propagates split hexas.

tetramesh

Fills with tetra elements a volume that is enclosed by tria elements or surfaces.

Note:

By default, first order linear elements are generated when the functions in these panels are executed, but second order parabolic elements may be generated by changing the element order in the mesh sub-panel of the options panel.

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Solid Meshing Practices Solid (3D) meshing can be done automatically, just like 2D shell meshing, but often requires that complex parts be partitioned into groups of smaller, simpler, connected solids instead of one large complex sold.

Partitioning is accomplished via the Geom page's Solids panel.

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Partitioning Solids for Mappability When using the Solid Map multi-solid feature it is recommended that the "Mappable" visualization mode is active from the visualization toolbar. The “Mappable” mode color codes the solids within the model according to whether the solids are solid meshable. The color coding for the mappable state can be user-defined by accessing the options panel's colors subpanel. The ignored map, not mappable, 1 directional map, and 3 directional map all relate to the mappable state of the solids. The goal is to ensure that the solids have been partitioned so that they are either 1 directional or 3 directional mappable. Only then can the Solid Map multi solids subpanel be used to solid mesh the model. Note:

Even when all partitioned sections of the solid are mappable, this doesn't necessarily mean that they can all be meshed at once. In some cases they may need to be meshed a few at a time--or even individually in extreme cases. Mappability only ensures that the partitioned section can be meshed.

The example below steps through the complete process: When reading in a new model with solids, the model will be displayed in the blue color after you activate the Mappable visualization mode. This indicates that the mappability is currently being ignored. It is then necessary to partition the model so that the state of the solids changes to 1 directional or 3 directional. Note:

If the model does not include any solids, (e.g. only surfaces are present), you can use the solids panel (on the Geom page) to create solids from the surfaces.

It's also worth noting that if some partitioning has already occurred from a previous session when the .hm file has been read in with the Mappable visualization mode already active, it will still be displayed as "ignored" map. To invoke the mappable algorithm calculation, simply change to another visualization mode, such as By Topo and then change back to Mappable again. This recalculates the state of all solids within the model.

With the Mappable visualization mode active, any solid edit operation will update the display of the solid entities automatically. The picture below shows that one trim of the model by a single surface (the top surface of the rectangular shaft, in this case) has created two additional solids within the model. One solid remains in the ignored map state (blue), one is now not mappable (orange) and one is 1-directional mappable (yellow - transparent).

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After additional partitioning the model using the tools found in the Solid Edit panel, the model has transformed from having an ignored map and non-mappable states to having only 1-directional and 3directional mappable states. The model below has one 3-directional mappable solid (as indicated by the green transparent solid at the base of the shaft where it joins the part's main body).

Now that the partitioning is successful, the meshing can commence. Accessing the multi-solids subpanel and selecting all of the solids, plus the required meshing options, yields a complete 3D mesh for the entire complex part:

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Selecting and masking a section of the elements confirms that the mesh is a complete 3D mesh, as opposed to just a surface mesh:

See also Mappable" visualization mode colors subpanel solids panel solid edit panel multi-solids subpanel

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Solid Map Meshing In solid meshing, the ability to be meshed is referred to as mappability. Mappability is directional and can be likened to putting a surface mesh on one face of the solid, then extending that mesh along a vector through the solid volume. So, for example, a perfect cylinder is mappable in one direction (the axis between its top and bottom faces) while a perfect cube is mappable in three (the axes between each pair of its identical faces). However, a combustion engine's cylinder head consisting of two cylinders of different radius joined together into a single solid entity would need to be partitioned to divide the two cylinders. Once partitioned, each cylinder would become mappable in one direction. Any given volume can have one of four states, which are color-coded when using the mappable view option on the visualization toolbar. Although the colors can be customized, the default settings are: Blue indicates a solid that has not been edited at all and therefore isn't evaluated for mappability. Orange indicates a solid that has been edited, but remains completely unmappable (further partitioning may enable mapping). Yellow indicates a solid that is mappable in 1 direction. Green indicates a solid that is mappable in three directions (this is very rare).

The first cube is mappable in 3 directions, but if a corner is split off it becomes mappable in only 1 direction--and the corner is not mappable w ithout further partitioning.

The Solid Map panel is used for solid-map meshing, and this panel includes several sub-panels. The general, line drag, linear solid, and ends only subpanels all draw from the same set of input controls (the more specialized panels simply filter out the controls that do not apply to their mapping techniques). Note that all of these subpanels depend on an existing 2D mesh, which is then extrapolated into a 3D mesh based on the parameters you input. The one volume and multi solids subpanels, however, can automatically create 3D mesh directly on solids as long as the solids you select are already mappable. Use the general subpanel to access all of the possible entry controls for maximum flexibility. Use the line drag subpanel to select a 2D mesh, and then select a line from the model geometry to use as the mapping direction. Use the linear solid subpanel to select two existing 2D meshes and extrapolate a 3D mesh that connects them. Use the ends only subpanel to select two opposing surfaces and one 2D mesh, then extrapolate the mesh between the surfaces. Use the one volume subpanel to select a single mappable solid volume and create a new 3D mesh

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for it. Use the multi solids subpanel to select multiple mappable solids and create 3D meshes for them.

Solid Map Meshing Multiple Solids You can select multiple solids for solid map meshing provided that each individual solid is in fact mappable. However, the meshing engine cannot always mesh every selected solid in a single operation, even when all the selected solids display as mappable. This may happen if the mappable constraints from different solids within the selection contradict each other. For example, one type of mappable constraint is that certain surfaces (along faces) of a mappable solid must be of the map-mesh type. When such constraints are in conflict, faces that caused meshing to fail are marked with a red square icon:

In this example both solids can be map-meshed individually, but solid #1 (the triangular one) must have all of the marked faces (5, 6, and 9) map-meshed. This, however, causes a conflict for solid #2, which can only be map-meshed by using the shared surface (6) as a destination. This conflicts since this shared surface must match the meshes on surfaces 4 and 8 in order to mesh solid #2. In such a case, you can mesh the remaining solids by deselecting the ones that are marked with the red icon but retaining the others in your selection. This either allows you to mesh the unmarked solids in a single action, or helps you further diagnose the problem. The remaining solids, unfortunately, will require individual meshing or further partitioning before they can be solid-map meshed as a group.

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Tetra Meshing The Tetramesh panel allows you to fill an enclosed volume with first or second order tetrahedral elements. A region is considered enclosed if it is entirely bounded by a shell mesh (tria and/or quad elements). Other element configurations generated in this panel are: hexahedral, wedge, and pyramids. These elements are typically generated when the user needs boundary layer type meshes on certain areas of the volume surface. Different sub-panels exist for different types of tetra meshing: tetra mesh subpanel

allows you to fill an arbitrary volume, defined by its surface using tria/quad elements, with tetrahedral elements

tetra remesh subpanel

regenerates the mesh for a single volume of tetrahedral elements

CFD mesh subpanel

This allows you to automatically generate meshes with boundary layer type elements (pyramids and hexas) from selected boundary regions/elements, and fill the remaining core volume with tetrahedral elements. For fixed with boundary layer, select the components or elements from which you want to build the boundary layers. Select the remaining surface elements that form the enclosed volume as float w/o boundary layer.

volume tetra subpanel

Given a solid entity or a set of surfaces representing a closed volume, this meshing option generates a shell mesh and fills the enclosed volume with solid elements. You can choose to create a shell mesh (2-D) using quads, trias, or mixed elements and a solid mesh (3-D) using tetrahedral elements only or mixed (tetras and penta) elements. In addition, you can use proximity meshing, which refines the mesh in areas where the features are small and closer together. See the following examples.

You can also use surface curvature as a function of element density as shown below. This option creates finer mesh in areas of high surface curvature.

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When you select quads or mixed as your 2-D element type, HyperMesh creates quad elements and splits them diagonally into two trias during tetra face creation. This can create tetra elements whose triangular faces are right triangles (90-45-45 angles) instead of equilateral triangles (60-60-60 angles).

Note:

Sometimes the meshing may fail to correctly interpolate from the surface mesh; when this occurs, the shell elements are cleaned up according to the same settings used in the Quick TetraMesh macro on the Utility Menu, and a second attempt is made. This means that some of the features in a model may be smoothed over.

Tetramesh Parameters

Sets general qualities of the tetrameshing engine, such as a maximum element size, growth rate, the balance between speed and element quality, or whether to perform smoothing operations after initial meshing.

Refinement Box

Lets you define a specific box-shaped volume within an existing teramesh in which to generate finer mesh.

You can specify some elements to be fixed, and others to be floatable. A fixed tria-quad element is one that must be exactly represented as a face of a tetra/penta-pyramid/hexa element in the final mesh. A floatable element is one whose nodes locations are used, but the exact connectivity of those nodes can be modified if it produces a better mesh. Unless you need a special mesh type (e.g. surface layers of pentas/hexas), you should select as fixed only those elements that must match a pre-existing mesh, leaving the rest floatable. If the bounding surface contains quad elements, and if these quad elements are defined as fixed elements,

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then a first layer of elements is generated on the boundary, and pyramid elements are generated from the quad faces. However, when quad elements are defined as float elements, they are split into two trias, and the tetra meshing proceeds normally. You can also specify various growth options in order to control the tradeoff between the number of tetras generated and their quality. Higher, more aggressive growth rates produce fewer elements, but they may be of poorer quality. The Tetramesh panel allows you to choose from three different mesh generation priorities. The generate mesh normally option applies in most cases, but if your solver is particularly sensitive to element quality, use the optimize element quality option. This directs the tetramesher to spend more time trying to generate better quality elements. In particular, it employs the volumetric ratio (CFD "skew") measurement for rating potential tetras. For some applications, element quality considerations are less important than mesh generation time. In those cases, choose the optimize meshing speed option.

See also Utility Menu

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CFD Meshing in HyperMesh The following images illustrate how the Tetramesh panel is used for CFD Meshing:

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Boundary Layers The CFD mesh sub-panel enables users to generate quality boundary layer meshes for CFD simulations.

Options for elements fixed with boundary layer: There are three options to define the boundary layer thickness: Total boundary layer thickness Total thickness/element size Number of layers In addition, each of the above options has two data entries: First layer thickness Growth rate When the base surface mesh contains quad elements, and such elements are used to generate hexa elements in the boundary layer, then a transition layer is necessary to bridge the quad faces from the boundary layer hexas to the core tetrahedral elements. There are three options for the BL Transition: smooth pyramid simple pyramid all prism

The smooth pyramid option generates a transition layer composed of pyramid and tetrahedral elements. The thickness of this layer is controlled by the parameter smooth transition ratio, which represents the ratio between the transition layer thickness and the characteristic size of the base quads. The simple pyramid option generates a transition layer composed of a single pyramid for each quad of the base surface mesh. The height of these pyramids is controlled by simple transition ratio parameter, which represents the ratio between the transition pyramid height and the characteristic size of the base quad.

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The all prism option generates only pentas/prisms on the boundary layer, thus avoiding the need for a transition layer because all base surface for the core tetramesh phase are trias. If the original enclosing surface has any quads, these quads are split into two trias thus all the base surface elements are always trias.

Options for float w/o boundary layer "Floating" elements are base surface elements defining areas that do not require boundary layer elements growing from them (e.g. far-field, inlet, outlet, symmetry planes). The way these elements or components are dealt with depends on the option: morph w/o remesh remesh

The morph w/o remesh option is used to keep the topology of the base surface mesh intact. These regions are morphed if they are in contact with boundary layer regions, as illustrated in the above figure for an inlet and symmetry plane. The top figure shows the starting surface mesh, the symmetry plane is blue, and the inlet area is green. The figure below shows the boundary layer elements in violet, and the inner core tetrahedral elements in brown. The remesh option is used when the user has no desire to maintain the topology of the base mesh. The last figure above illustrates an inlet and a symmetry plane that have been remeshed, and the resulting mesh can be compared with the morph w/o remesh option above.

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Tetramesh Process Panel This panel guides you through certain steps to create tetra-meshes efficiently and effectively. Not every step in the process is mandatory; you can follow the entire process or just a few steps, based on your requirements. (This is standard for Process Manager functionality.) Using the process-based approach provides several benefits: A step by step process to help you navigate through the different steps necessary to create a high quality tetramesh quickly. Note that effective tetrameshing requires a standard surface mesh to use as a base from which the 3-D tetras are built, so the first several steps of the process revolve around achieving quality surface meshes. Specific geometry cleanup and meshing algorithms are implemented in the Tetramesh Process Manager template to handle complex parts efficiently. A specific Tetramesh Process instance can be saved so its parameters can be reused later on similar parts--allowing for increased efficiency and implementation standards. The Tetramesh Process template can be used for automated geometry and element cleanup (Batch Mesher). When you first select Tetramesh Process from the menu, you are given two options: Create New starts new process with default settings; provide a session name and location where the template and related files will be saved. Load Existing opens a file browser so that you can load a previously saved process manager template file (*.pmi). The Tetramesh Process Manager template guides you through some basic steps necessary for tetra meshing complex parts:

At the same time it allows you to go back and forth between template panels and core panels to take advantage of core functionality. This feature is accessed by right-clicking the will allow you to dock or un-dock the Process Manager panel.

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icon. Clicking the

icon

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The Tetramesh Process Manager template helps in four major areas: geometry clean up, meshing, mesh cleanup, and model checking. These steps can be executed independent of each other as long as required information is available. Critical steps in the tetrameshing process of a complex part are automated to increase efficiency and effectiveness. Note:

Please execute steps only once, unless a reject option is available within the current step. If you are not sure about the outcome of the next step; save the process before going further! Refer to Process Manager help to learn more about different options available for general Process Manager templates.

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Geometry Import Panel - Tetramesh Process Manager This panel allows for the import of new geometry or an existing model file. It contains several entry fields to let you fine-tune the import:

Import type: Select Geometry or HM file to specify the type of model that you plan to import. The following file formats are supported: HyperMesh database files CATIA IGES STEP DXF

VDAFS HM ASCII UG PRO/E ACIS PARASOLID

STL PDGS The File Type list box allows you to specify the translator to use, or you can leave it set on "auto detect" to allow HyperMesh to pick the translator based on the filename extension of the file that you import. Note that different selections may enable or disable other options on the panel. Import file name: Click the open file

icon to browse for and select the desired file.

When importing a CAD file, you can automatically save it as a HyperMesh file after the import completes by checking the Save HM File After Import checkbox. You can also specify a scale factor if the imported model is in a spatial scale other than what you want to work with. You can use this feature to convert a model's measurements between metric and English units, for example. Note, however, that only spatial units are affected--mass and similar qualities are not. You can also choose between letting HyperMesh perform some automatic cleanup of the imported geometry based on the global cleanup tolerance specified on the Options panel's geometry subpanel; or you can choose to specify your own tolerance. The Import blanked (no show) components option allows you to control the presence of a blanked component in the translator. When checked, all entities marked as blank are moved to a special component. When unchecked, the translator ignores all the blank flags in the file. If you chose Catia for the File Type, then you may wish to enable the Name components by layer checkbox. This sorts the imported layers into separate components, creating new components for each

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layer in the imported Catia data. The Import button begins the import process. Once import is complete, click Next to continue to the next step in the process. You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to the appropriate panel.

Other import options are standard, as described in the import panel.

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Geometry Cleanup Panel - Tetramesh Process Manager This panel assist you in performing cleanup tasks on the geometry that you plan to tetramesh. It includes separate tabs for equivalencing free edges, and for displaying free edges and creating filler surfaces to remove them.

The Free Edges tab includes a field to specify the tolerance that you want to use--the maximum distance across which surfaces can be made equivalent. Surfaces with a gap between them greater than this value will not be made equivalent. Once you pick a tolerance, the cleanup process is automatic--simply click Equivalence to combine edges and other features that fall within the tolerance value of each other. The Edge Tools tab includes more detailed options. Free Edges Filler Surfaces: You can generate filler surfaces for all the free edge loops by clicking this option; this helps to eliminate issues caused by missing surfaces by creating the closed volumes necessary for tetrameshing. Display Surfaces by Edge Type: You can display only the surfaces attached to selected edge types (Free Edges and T-junctions) by clicking Isolate. Click Display All to remove the mask and view all surfaces again. You can back up to the Import panel by clicking Previous. When finished cleaning up your geometry, click either Accept or Next to continue. You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to go to the appropriate panel.

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Cleanup & Organize Holes Panel - Tetramesh Process Manager This panel helps you isolate holes based on diameter ranges. Isolating and meshing holes separately from other geometry features is a very important step during tetra meshing; failing to do so can drastically affect the overall mesh quality. You may also wish to use this step even when there are no specific meshing requirements for holes just to organize your model.

Much of the functionality in this panel comes in the form of a table; individual cells within the table are a mix of display-only information and entry fields. Once organized, each table row has a color button on its left which corresponds to the HyperMesh component holding hole surfaces. Clicking one of these buttons selects the entire row, making it the "active" row. To deselect an active row, click the colorless button at the very top-left corner of the table (the one in the header row along with the column names). Use the entry fields in the active columns to specify how holes are located and meshed: Dr<

The tool automatically selects holes with diameters of less than the value you specify. If you add multiple lines to the table, HyperMesh generates nonoverlapping ranges from them. Note:

If you have no specific requirements for hole meshing, you can use a single diameter value that is larger than the largest holes in the model, in order to select all of the holes.

Number Circumference This determines the number of elements that you wish placed around the Elems circumference of any holes of the specified diameter range. Higher numbers result in a smoother mesh that better approximates a hole's shape and curvature, but could impact tetramesh quality if they result in smaller elements around the hole's edges than the enforced element size for other surfaces. If you have no specific requirements for hole meshing, Altair recommends using at least 6 elements for each hole's circumference. Longitudinal element size

The desired element size in the longitudinal direction--that is, traveling along the depth of the hole. If you have no specific requirements for hole meshing, it's best to use the same element size as the rest of the model.

Add or Remove rows (+ and - buttons)

Use the (+) button to add another row to the table if you require multiple sets of hole criteria. Conversely, you can remove the active row with the (-) button to remove unneeded criteria sets. Note:

Auto-Organize

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there is no way to undo the removal of a row! If you accidentally remove the wrong row, you will need to add a new row and recreate it.

This automatically organizes the holes into separate components based on the input parameters (diameter, etc.), so you get one component for each row in the table and the holes are placed into the components that their diameter and other criteria match. The model holes (and corresponding table rows) are color-coded

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according to the component that they've been sorted into.

Organize

This allows you to manually organize any holes that were missed by the AutoOrganize routine into components using the Organize panel. Note:

This option only becomes available after using Auto-Organize.

You can click the Prev button to return to the Geometry Cleanup panel, or click Next to continue. You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to go to the appropriate panel.

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Mesh Holes Panel - Tetramesh Process Manager This panel allows you to mesh the holes that you organized in the previous panel. It uses the same table, but now all of the organization criteria are read-only and cannot be changed. However, in this panel the Mesh Type column is active so that you can select the mesh type that you want to use when meshing the holes. There are two mesh type options in this panel: standard right-angle trias, and "union jack" right-angle trias.

Standard R-Tria

Union Jack R-Tria

As in the previous panel, each table row has a color button on its left which corresponds to the HyperMesh component holding hole surfaces. Clicking one of these buttons selects the entire row, making it the "active" row.

Here, the orange row is active.

To deselect an active row, click the colorless button at the very top-left corner of the table (the one in the header row along with the column names). You can mesh a single group of holes by clicking the row in the table that contains the hole diameter range that you wish to mesh, and then clicking the Mesh button. Alternatively, you can mesh all holes simultaneously by clicking Mesh All.

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Similarly, you can use the Delete Mesh button by selecting an active row and then clicking the button. Note that there is no "delete all" functionality. You can back up to the Cleanup & Organize Holes panel by clicking Previous. When finished meshing, click either Accept or Next to continue. You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to go to the appropriate panel.

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User Defined Features - Tetramesh Process Manager This step helps you locate and organize miscellaneous features such as water jackets, inlets, outlets, contact surfaces, and so on. These features are listed in a table on the panel, so you can add or remove components by clicking the appropriate buttons. As with other tables in the Process Manager, each entry is color coded and you can select specific table entries by clicking on the colored box at the beginning of its row.

+ (button)

In order to create a feature, you must create a component to represent it and then add the relevant model surfaces to the component. Clicking this button opens a prompt that allows you to specify a new component name; click OK to create the new component. You can then add surfaces to that component, using the surfs collector that displays in the panel area.

As you click surfaces in the graphics window, HyperMesh automatically adds surfaces "by face" to the selection, so all of the surfaces associated with the same face in the model are added en masse. Click the proceed button in the panel area once you have collected some surfaces associated with the feature. This opens the Organize panel, where you can verify the surface selection and add or remove surfaces from the component. Clicking return in the Organize panel returns to the process manager's User Defined Feature Parameters Table. The features are now sorted into color-coded components and the corresponding table rows are colored to match as shown above. Auto Cleanup

Click a table row to make it active, then click this button to open the Autocleanup panel. There, you can perform automated geometry cleanup operations on the geometry contained in the selected component. The Autocleanup panel performs cleanup operations based on the criteria set in the BatchMesher criteria file. Cleanup operations include equivalencing free edges, fixing of small surfaces (relative to the element size), and detection of features such as beads. It also performs specified surface editing/defeaturing operations like removal of pinholes below a specified size, removal of edge fillets, and the addition of a layer of washer

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elements around holes. The Autocleanup panel performs the entire geometry cleanup portion of the BatchMesher. Since it performs a variety of geometry cleanup tasks, the results will not be instantaneous and can take a few minutes for large models. Cleanup criteria is determined by the BatchMesher parameter and element quality criteria files, both of which can be edited from within this panel using the BatchMesher Parameter Editor. - (button)

This button removes the currently active row from the table, deleting the corresponding component. HyperMesh returns all related surfaces to their original components. Note that there is no way to undo this removal--if you accidentally remove a component you will need to recreate it.

You can back up to the Mesh Holes panel by clicking Previous. When finished cleaning up fillets click either Accept or Next to continue. You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to go to the appropriate panel.

See also BatchMesher criteria file BatchMesher Parameter Editor

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Fillets Organize & Cleanup - Tetramesh Process Manager This step in the process allows you to defeature fillets, replacing the rounded corner where two lines comer together with a point. HyperMesh calculates tangents at the beginning and at the end of each fillet, then intersects those tangents to create a corner.

The Surface Fillet Midline Split panel includes the following controls: Min Radius This lets you specify a cutoff point for the fillet size/radius. Any fillets in the model with radii of less than this value will be ignored, while fillets with radii greater than this will be cleaned up (removed so that the relevant lines meet at a sharp corner.) Max Radius Similar to Min Radius, this sets a boundary to limit which fillets are affected. In this case, fillets with radii greater than this value will be ignored and remain. Suppress Fillet Tangent Edges

Because fillets are removed by generating tangent lines to replace them, these lines often result in extra edges in model geometry. This option suppresses such edges after the fillet removal process.

Cleanup

This button executes the fillet midline split routine based on what you have specified for the radius range and tangent suppression.

With suppress fillet tangent edges Without suppress fillet tangent edges

You can back up to User Defined Features by clicking Previous. When finished cleaning up fillets click either Accept or Next to continue. You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to go to

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the appropriate panel.

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Mesh User Defined Features - Tetramesh Process Manager This step uses the same table as the User Defined Features panel, but allows you to mesh the userdefined features that you organized in the that panel. You can specify both the mesh type and the element size individually for each feature listed in the table.

On this panel, you can click the table entries for Mesh Type and Elem size to specify the values you want. Available element types are right triangle, and "Union Jack" right-triangle.

Standard R-Tria

Union Jack R-Tria

To create mesh for the selected/active row, click Mesh To create mesh for all rows click Mesh All To delete the mesh from a specific component, select the desired row and click Delete Mesh. You can back up to Fillets Organize & Cleanup by clicking Previous. When finished creating user-defined features, click either Accept or Next to continue. You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to go to the appropriate panel.

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Global Organize & Cleanup - Tetramesh Process Manager This panel allows you to organize and and clean up all remaining global surfaces -- that is, surfaces that were not already covered by holes and user-defined features.

You can also specify a minimum element size for all such components to prevent the autocleanup process from accidentally suppressing very small surfaces (smaller values result in more aggressive geometry cleanup, but could potentially result in loss of some features). If necessary, you can access the Organize panel to organize remaining surfaces into appropriate components, although this is optional. To clean all remaining surfaces, click the Auto Cleanup button. This opens the Autocleanup panel. Click prev to return to the Mesh User Defined Features panel, or click ACCEPT or Next to continue. You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to go to the appropriate panel.

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Global Mesh - Tetramesh Process Manager This panel is a continuation of the Global Organize & Cleanup panel, but allows you to mesh the remaining "global" geometry that wasn't covered by any of the previous meshing panels.

On this panel, you can specify the element size that you want to use when meshing all of the remaining global geometry. You can also choose the type of element that you wish to use; trias are the default. Clicking Mesh creates a mesh using the specified element size and type on all remaining "global" geometry. If you do not like the results, clicking Delete Mesh removes mesh from all such geometry, without affecting the specific items already meshed in previous stages (such as holes or user-defined features). Click Prev to return to the Global Organize & Cleanup panel, or click ACCEPT or Next to continue. You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to go to the appropriate panel.

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Element Cleanup - Tetramesh Process Manager This stage in the process focuses on optimizing the quality of the elements created during each of the previous meshing stages. The panel includes two tabs: one for automated cleanup, and one for manual cleanup. From this stage, clicking Accept or Next continues to the Tetramesh panel. Clicking prev returns to the Global Mesh stage.

Auto-Cleanup The Autocleanup tab includes controls to specify the minimum size that is acceptable for any given element, the minimum feature angle that will be preserved, and the normals angle.

Note that the nodes of features (such as ridges) will not be preserved if their angle is less than the specified minimum angle. In addition, element quality requirements may override feature angle preservation regardless of the angle specified.

Minimum feature angle (low value)

Minimum feature angle (high value)

In addition, the Normals Angle specifies the maximum allowable angle between the normals of adjacent elements. When possible, adjacent elements whose normals exceed this angle will be split into multiple smaller elements with less-extreme normal angles. When you click the Auto Cleanup button, the mesh is examined within each component individually, removing elements of poor quality and stitching the mesh together to fill the resulting gaps. Cleaning up the mesh on a per-component basis prevents mesh overlap between adjacent surfaces that belong to different components.

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Before Element Cleanup – note "sliver" elements along midline

After Element Cleanup – small / sliver elements are removed

Manual Cleanup This tab includes a toggle to choose between finding free edges (which are associated with only 1 surface) and T-connections (which are associated with three edges) and a button to perform the find. In addition, another button allows you to display normals as vectors in the graphics area.

After you find edges, you can choose to clean them using specific tolerance value. HyperMesh will use this tolerance value identify nodes associated with free edges and try to stitch them, leaving nodes outside the tolerance unchanged. Click on Fix to fix free edges.. Similarly, checking the normals opens the Normals panel. Completing it returns to the Manual Cleanup tab.

Tetrameshing Once you have finished with mesh cleanup, and all of the relevant previous stages are complete, clicking Accept or Next continues to the Tetramesh panel, where you can generate the 3-D mesh from the existing surface meshes.

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For instructions on using the Tetramesh panel, refer to its specific panel help. Note:

by default, all elements belonging to holes and user-defined features will be set to tetramesh as fixed trias/quads, while the rest of the model will be meshed using the "floatable" method.

You can also click on a specific task in the Process Manager to backtrack to the appropriate panel.

See also tetramesh panel

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Volume Shrink Wrap Within the Shrink Wrap panel there is an option to generate solid mesh – this will produce an all-hexa or all-tetra mesh based on the selected elements or geometry. The shrink wrap can thus be used as a quick mechanism to generate solid meshes. Note that when generating such a mesh, the Jacobian value has a large effect on the coarseness of the resulting volume mesh, as described below. Using the shrink wrap mesh to achieve improved FE output from OptiStruct topology runs has also provided very good results which allow for quick tetra-meshing and, therefore, quick re-analysis after the optimization run.

Comparing the effects of altering the jacobian value for solid mesh generation: Within both tight and loose wrap algorithm’s there is an option to generate solid mesh. This will generate an all hexa mesh on completion of the shrink wrap. When the generate solid mesh checkbox is active it will expose a minimum jacobian input, this option essentially will hexa mesh the part with this element quality critieria defined, it controls the hexa quality which is directly linked to the adherence to the topological features of the original component. The jacobian value must be between 0 and 1. The nearer the value is to 1 the cruder the output will appear, the mesh will be more heavily voxelised. When the value is closer to 0, you are allowing the shrink wrap solid mesh algorithm to smooth and adhere to more features while maintaining the solid mesh minimum jacobian element quality. By default the minimum jacobian value is 0.3. 2mm solid mesh, jacobian=1.0

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2mm solid mesh, jacobian=0.3

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Acoustic Cavity Meshing Acoustic Cavity meshing generates a fluid volume mesh used to calculate the acoustic modes (or standing waves) inside the air spaces of a vehicle or similarly enclosed structural model. This is primarily used by Noise, Vibration, and Handling (NVH) engineers to design quieter interiors.

Acoustic Cavity meshing begins with the Acoustic Cavity Mesh panel. This panel accepts the necessary base input data to generate a voxelated preview mesh for one or more acoustic cavities. Once the preview mesh exists, however, the Acoustic Cavity tab displays in the tab area; this tool allows you to modify element quality checks, select specific volumes that have a preview mesh, and create the computational mesh for each selected cavity. Acoustic cavity meshing can be a CPU-intensive process, especially with fine and/or complex meshes, but this can be offset by additional CPU cores. the Acoustic Cavity Mesher is multithreaded to take advantage of multi-core environments.

How cavities are identified Hole and gap patching is a critical part of defining cavities enclosed in the structure model. The process refers to patching over inconsequential gaps and holes that inevitably exist in the structure model, such as speaker holes. Gaps are defined as elongated openings based on their longest dimensions. Holes are openings defined by the radius of a sphere that can pass through them. By specifying the size of the hole and gap patches, you can control how the cavities are defined through auto search Typically, a cavity model is intended to be meshed right up to the outer body panel. Plastic and fiber trim panels are often included in a trimmed body model, but not meant to be used for cavity meshing. However, if the trim panels are selected during the AC meshing process they can be confused as outer body panels, leading to incorrect cavity definition. Therefore, it is important to ensure that only the exterior body panels are selected as the structure components to be included in the auto cavity search. Some typical types of cavities that users may wish to model include: Door cavity: most users prefer to include the cavity between the inner and outer door panels as a part of the interior. To make this happen, you must specify a hole patch size smaller than that of the largest opening in the inner panel, so that the opening is not patched. This allows interior mesh to flow into the door cavity. Instrument Panel (IP) cavity: to model the cavity behind the Instrument Panel as a part of the

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interior cavity, you must exclude the IP parts from the structure component selection during auto cavity search. This forces the auto cavity search to ignore the existence of the sealed IP cluster when determining the interior volume of the passenger compartment. If the IP panel needs to be treated as a radiating source, a fluid boundary needs to be created at the location of the IP, similar to the how a package tray can be included as a structure part. Pillar Cavity: To included large pillar cavities (such as a D pillar cavity) as a part of the interior cavity, you must ensure that the gap and hole patch size specified are smaller than that of the largest opening. This prevents the opening from being patched and allows interior mesh to flow into the pillar cavity. Under seat cavity: To ensure the under-seat spaces are meshed, you must specify an element size smaller than the smallest dimension of the space, thus allowing the interior mesh to fill the cavity. Trim component cavity: special functionalities are required to mesh these cavities.

Factors that influence cavity meshing The ability to model the acoustic cavity and predict acoustic response inside it is a critical part of NVH analysis, as noise level and quality become key product quality differentiators in the marketplace. A number of factors need to be considered when meshing an acoustic cavity model: Adequate Mesh Size. A rule of thumb is that at least 6 elements are needed per acoustic wavelength. Based on this rule, the minimum acoustic element sizes at various frequencies are: 500 Hz:

114 mm

1000 Hz:

57 mm

Smaller elements mean a more complex cavity model, which takes longer to run and generates a larger output file--particularly when fluid grid participation output is requested. Recall, however, that the mesher is multithreaded to take advantage of multiple CPU cores. Mesh size can also affect whether smaller cavity areas, such as the cavities underneath seats, get filled. Mesh size should be selected by considering the size of the smallest cavity that needs to be filled. Mesh quality as defined by Jacobian value, Tetra Collapse, and similar measures. Poor mesh quality may cause problems when submitted to the solver, or lead to less-accurate results. How closely the cavity shape matches the actual structure. This impacts how accurately the cavity model captures acoustic modes, and how difficult it is to obtain good coupling between the fluid and structure. It is important to define the structure panels intended to be coupled to the cavity. Aesthetics of the Cavity Mesh. The model may appear too jagged if the cavity mesh matches the structure closely. Some users prefer a smooth looking mesh for presentation purposes, but care must be taken so that this does not adversely affect the modes calculated or the quality of coupling generated when default ACMODL search parameters are used. Interior Response definition. Interior response points need to be defined so that they become a part of the mesh definition when cavity mesh is generated.

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Seat Foam Cavity definition and coupling. Seat foams are typically modeled as denser air cavities. Their geometry definition can come in either as CAD data or existing FE mesh. Some seat models contain detailed foam curvature definition, while others may just be blocky boxes. The acoustic mesher can generate a new seat foam mesh and use congruent grids to connect to the interior cavity elements, or generate fluid MPCs to connect grids on a existing foam cavity mesh to the interior cavity mesh. Trunk Cavity separated from the Interior Cavity. For passenger sedans, the trunk cavity is typically modeled as a separate cavity from the interior, separated by the rear seat back foam cavity. Package Tray properly coupled to both interior and trunk cavities. For passenger sedans, the "package tray" or "parcel shelf" is situated behind the rear seat backs, between the interior cavity on the top and the trunk cavity below. Its vibration should be coupled into both cavities. This means a boundary (or gap) needs to exist in the cavity model where the package tray is located. This is typically accomplished by the two cavities not sharing grids at the boundary. Once generated, fluid cavities must be coupled to the structure. Radioss (Bulk Data) creates this coupling automatically during solver analysis, storing the information in the ACMODL card. In addition, Radioss generates an .interface file which can be loaded into HyperMesh to verify fluid surface and structure wetted surfaces:

See also acoustic cavity mesh panel Model Browser

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Acoustic Cavity Tab Once you've created a preview mesh in the Acoustic Cavity Mesh panel, the Acoustic Cavity tab opens. This tab allows you to specify element quality criteria and select individual volumes for refinement into final, computational volume meshes.

The tab includes three major sections: the tool buttons along the top, the browser tree, and the meshing controls at the bottom.

Tool Buttons Opens the acoustic cavity tab's Options window. This window allows you to:

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Set quality requirements for jacobian values at the volume hexa element corners and tetra collapse. Choose between displaying all of the volumes, or merely the largest ones (a number of your choosing, such as the 2 largest or 3 largest). This affects not only the graphics area, but also the browser tree. Note that changes to this value do not take effect until you mesh or remesh the existing cavities, or re-run the preview (see next button below). Choose whether or not to create fluid-structure faces. When checked, HyperMesh will create a surface skin of 2D shell elements to enclose each volume. Re-generates the preview. This is helpful if you change the element quality criteria or similar settings in the Options window, or alter the mesh type or response points. Displays only the acoustic cavities, hiding all other model geometry and mesh. Displays not only the cavities, but also the body elements that were used to generate them.

Browser tree The tree displays each cavity mesh generated (up to the limit, if any, specified in the Options window). The cavities are segregated into separate groups for Structural Cavities, such as air spaces, and Seat Cavities, which are modeled as self-contained internal cavities. Each cavity has view options controlled in fashion similar to the Model Browser. A checkbox lets you choose whether or not to obtain a computational mesh for the cavity; right-clicking the color box lets you change the color that each cavity displays in; and rightclicking the mesh type icon allows you to pick between several display options: wireframe, solid, solid with feature lines, solid with mesh lines (which is the default), and semitransparent. In addition, right-clicking a cavity brings up options to rename it, show/hide/isolate/isolate only, expand or collapse the tree nodes, change which columns display in the browser, or access the Acoustic Cavity tab's Options window.

Meshing tools The collection of list boxes and command buttons at the bottom of the tab allow you to create the computational mesh from a preview mesh, or to remesh an existing cavity. Mesh type: this list box lets you pick between a mixed non-conformal mesh of tetrahedral and hexahedral elements, or a mesh of all-tetrahedral elements. The mixed (hexa-tetrahedra) option is the default. Response points: response points can be used to specify test microphone locations--usually to simulate the passenger's ears. You can either pick nodes in your model to be the response points, or you can load them from an existing file. If you choose Read from file, you must use the browse button (...) to located and select the file containing the response points. Such files must be in the proper format, and should be commaseparate value (CSV) files. This image shows an example of the format:

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In this example, A1 is the number of response points (4); row s 2-5 contain the X, Y, and Z coordinates of each point, ending w ith the point's name in column D.

Mesh: this button generates a new, computational mesh based on the mesh type and Options you've set. If your initial mesh is unacceptable due to quality requirements, response point placement, mesh type, or any other setting that originates from the Acoustic Cavity tab (rather than the Acoustic Cavity Mesh panel), you must use the re-run button ( ) to create a new preview using the updated settings. Do not click Reject, as this will reject the preview as well as the computational mesh, and will close the tab! You can pause the meshing process by clicking and holding the right mouse button. A dialog opens, asking if you wish to stop the meshing; if you choose yes, the mesh will be only partially generated and quality will most likely suffer. Reject: this button rejects the mesh completely--including the preview mesh--and closes the tab. Note, however, that as long as the Acoustic Cavity Mesh panel is open when you reject, your original input re-populates the component and seat collectors. This allows you to quickly change one or two settings, such as mesh or patch sizes, and then re-generate a preview without having to re-select all of the relevant components. On the other hand, if you exit the panel and then click reject, returning to the panel will not restore your previously-chosen entities. Note also that when you Reject the mesh, the components labeled ac_structural and ac_seats (which are created when you generate your preview mesh) are deleted. You can, however, retain these on a case-by-case basis by renaming them before you reject the mesh. Close: Closes the tab, but retains the current cavity meshes. This also clears all input from the Acoustic Cavity Mesh panel.

See also acoustic cavity mesh panel Model Browser

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Voxel meshing Available for the OptiStruct and Radioss (Bulk) user profiles on Windows, LINUX, IRIX, HPUX, SUN. Fills an enclose volume with voxels (hexas) of a predefined size. This type of mesh is only useful in topology optimization. It does not give meaningful results in a stress analysis. To work properly, the volume must be enclosed completely by shell elements (quads and trias) without TConnections or free edges. The normals of these elements should point inwards. The voxels (hexa elements) are stored in the component, hexas.

To generate a voxelmesh: 1.

On the Opti page of the utility menu, under Topology: click Voxelmesh. A comps collector displays in the panel area.

2.

Select components that contain shell elements enclosing one volume. (If more than one volume is selected, normals should be adjusted manually).

3.

Click proceed. The Voxelmesh dialog is launched.

4.

Check the relevant boxes: Perform element check: Checks for T-connections and free edges. If some are found, the results are stored in collectors of the corresponding names. Adjust normals: Automatic adjustment of normals (to inward). This works if the selection is one connected volume only. The volume may contain internal voids. Fill undercuts: Areas that are hidden in each coordinate direction are filled even if they are not touching the enclosed volume. These elements are stored in the component, hexasfill. One component for each number of inner nodes: The voxels created are stored in nine components (hexas0, hexas1...) depending on the number of nodes that are inside the volume.

Note:

Zero inner nodes may occur if one edge of the volume intersects the center of a hexa-face. Use local coordinates: Allows selecting a coordinate system along which to align the mesh. If no selection is made, the global (basic, screen) coordinate system is used. Edge size for hexa elements: Choose from Cubes or Rectangles. For cubes, enter a single value for the edge size; for rectangles enter x, y, and z edge lengths. Keep in mind that a grid of nodes is created for the box wrapping the

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volume. So the memory usage may be high for unreasonably small values. 3.

Click Start.

4.

If you checked the Use local coordinates box, you will be prompted to select a coordinate system. Select the system and click proceed. The voxelmesh is generated.

See also Utility Menu

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Checking & Editing Mesh There are several different ways of checking mesh. Many of these are based around determining mesh quality, but others check for mesh penetration, detect holes, and locate edges or features. See the following topics for greater detail: Element Quality Hole Detection tool Penetration check

See also Mesh Penetration

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Element Quality After you build your model, you can use the check elems panel to verify the quality of the elements in the model. You can check your model for connectivity and duplicate elements. The 1-d subpanel allows you to: Check one-dimensional elements for free ends Determine if a group of rigid elements form a loop Check weld and rigid elements for double dependency Check all elements for a minimum length of a side The 2-d subpanel allows you to: Check elements for warpage, aspect ratio, skew, and jacobian ratio Check the maximum and minimum interior angles of quad and tria elements Check all elements for a minimum length of a side Check a mesh of elements for its maximum chordal deviation from a real or inferred surface The 3-d subpanel allows you to: Check elements for warpage, aspect ratio, skew, and jacobian ratio Check the maximum and minimum interior angles of quad and tria elements Check all elements for a minimum length of a side Check tetra elements for collapse, CFD-style volumetric skew, and NASTRAN-style aspect ratio

The time sub-panel allows you to check for elements whose small size might cause problems for an explicit solver. The group sub-panel provides a tool to check for and eliminate group or interface elements whose underlying structural element has changed and left them detached. The user sub-panel allows you to verify element quality by using a template file that checks for user-specified conditions.

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How Element Quality is Calculated The quality of elements in a mesh can be gauged in many ways, and the methods used often depend not only on the element type, but also on the individual solver used. When possible, the most common or standard methods are used, but there is no truly standardized set of element quality checks. The different methods of calculating element quality are broken down here by solver (such as Nastran). Each applicationspecific topic includes information for both 2-D and 3-D element quality checks, as appropriate. However, only the checks actually used within HyperMesh by that solver are described in the following topics; when a solver does not support a specific check within HyperMesh, HyperMesh uses its own method to perform the check. This means that, for example, when using the NASTRAN checks, many of the checks that you see on the Check Elements panel are described in the Element Quality Checks: HyperMesh topic rather than the Element Quality Checks: Nastran topic. Click the links to learn how each application calculates element quality. Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh-Alt Element Quality Calculation: OptiStruct Element Quality Calculation - Radioss (BulkData) Element Quality Calculation: Abaqus Element Quality Calculation: Ansys Element Quality Calculation: I-DEAS Element Quality Calculation: Medina Element Quality Calculation: Moldflow Element Quality Calculation: Nastran Element Quality Calculation: Patran

How Do I… Change element check settings

See also check elements panel

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Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh When possible, HyperMesh checks strive to maintain compatibility with popular solvers. Checks used for both 2-D and 3-D elements These checks apply to both types of elements, but when applied to 3-D elements they are generally applied to each face of the element. The value of the worst face is reported as the 3-D element’s overall quality value. Aspect Ratio

This is the ratio of the longest edge of an element to either its shortest edge or the shortest distance from a corner node to the opposing edge ("minimal normalized height"). HyperMesh uses the same method used for length (min) described below. For 3-D elements, each face of the element is treated as a 2-D element and its aspect ratio determined. The largest aspect ratio among these faces is returned as the 3-D element’s aspect ratio. Aspect ratios should rarely exceed 5:1

Chordal Deviation

Curved surfaces can be approximated by using many short lines instead of a true curve.

Chordal deviation is the perpendicular distance between the actual curve and the approximating line segments. Interior Angles

These maximum and minimum values are evaluated independently for triangles and quadrilaterals.

Jacobian

This measures the deviation of an element from its ideal or "perfect" shape, such as a triangle’s deviation from equilateral. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space which is required to fit it onto the global coordinate space. HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points) or at the element’s corner nodes, and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest. In the case of Jacobian evaluation at the Gauss points, values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. You can select which method of evaluation to use (Gauss point or corner node) from the Check Element Settings window.

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Length (min.)

Minimum element lengths are calculated using one of two methods: The shortest edge of the element. This method is used for non-tetrahedral 3-D elements. The shortest distance from a corner node to its opposing edge (or face, in the case of tetra elements); referred to as "minimal normalized height".

You can choose which method to use in the Check Element Settings window. Note that this setting also affects the calculation of Aspect Ratio. Minimum Length / Size

HyperMesh uses three methods to calculate the minimum element size: the shortest edge (in which the length of the shortest edge of each element is used), the minimal normalized height (which is more accurate, but more complex), and the minimal height (which is the same as same as minimal normalized height but without a scaling factor). minimal normalized height (MNH) is calculated differently for different element types. For triangular elements:

For each corner node (i) HyperMesh calculates the closest (perpendicular) distance to the ray including the opposite leg of the triangle, h(i). MNH = min(hi) * 2/ sqrt(3.0). The scaling factor 2/sqrt(3.0) ensures that for equilateral triangles, the MNH is the length of the minimum side. For quadrilateral elements:

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For each corner node, HM calculates the closest (perpendicular) distances to the rays containing the legs of the quadrilateral that do not include this node. The figure above depicts these lengths as red lines. minimal normalized height is taken to be the minimum of all eight lines and the four edge lengths (thus, the minimum of 12 possible lengths). Skew

Skew of triangular elements is calculated by finding the minimum angle between the vector from each node to the opposing mid-side, and the vector between the two adjacent mid-sides at each node of the element.

The minimum angle found is subtracted from ninety degrees and reported as the element’s skew. Taper

Taper ratio for the quadrilateral element is defined by first finding the area of the triangle formed at each corner grid point:

These areas are then compared to one half of the area of the quadrilateral. HyperMesh then finds the smallest ratio of each of these triangular areas to ½ the quad element’s total area (in the diagram above, "a" is smallest). The resulting value is subtracted from 1, and the result reported as the element taper. This means that as the taper approaches 0, the shape approaches a rectangle.

taper

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1

Atri 0.5 Aquad

min .

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Triangles are assigned a value of 0, in order to prevent HyperMesh from mistaking them for highly-tapered quadrilaterals and reporting them as "failed". Warpage

This is the amount by which an element (or in the case of solid elements, an element face) deviates from being planar. Since three points define a plane, this check only applies to quads. The quad is divided into two trias along its diagonal, and the angle between the trias’ normals is measured.

Warpage of up to five degrees is generally acceptable.

Checks Used Only for 3-D Elements These additional checks only apply to 3-D elements. Minimum Length / Size

HyperMesh uses 2 methods to calculate the minimum element size: the shortest edge (in which the length of the shortest edge of each element is used) and the minimal normalized height (which is more accurate, but more complex). In the minimal normalized height method, HyperMesh calculates the closest (perpendicular) distances to the planes formed by the opposite faces for each corner node.

The resulting minimum length/size is the minimum of all such measured distances. Tetra Collapse

The height of the tetra element is measured from each of the four nodes to its opposite face, and then divided by the square root of the face’s area.

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The minimum of the four resulting values (one per node) is then normalized by dividing it by 1.24. As the tetra collapses, the value approaches 0.0, while a perfect tetra has a value of 1.0. Non-tetrahedral elements are given values of 1 so that HyperMesh won’t mistake them for bad tetra elements. Vol. Aspect Ratio

HyperMesh evaluates Tetrahedral elements by finding the longest edge length and dividing it by the shortest height (measured from a node to its opposing face). Other 3-D elements, such as hex elements, are evaluated based on the ratio of their longest edge to their shortest edge.

Volume Skew

This check applies only to tetrahedral elements; all others are assigned values of zero. Volume Skew is defined as 1-shape factor, so a skew of 0 is perfect and a skew of 1 is the worst possible value. The shape factor for a tetrahedral element is determined by dividing the element’s volume by the volume of an ideal (equilateral) tetrahedron of the same circumradius. In the case of tetrahedral elements, the circumradius is the radius of a sphere passing through the four vertices of the tetrahedron.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh-Alt

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Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh-Alt HyperMesh includes some alternate methods of calculating certain element types. These apply only to quads or rectangular faces of solids, and only include alternate checks for Aspect Ratio, Skew, Taper, and Warpage. Note:

because these methods apply only to certain quality checks, in order to use them you must choose the set individually option in the Check Element Settings window.

Aspect Ratio

ratio1 = V1/H1 ratio2 = V2/H2 Skew value is larger of ratio1 or ratio2.

Skew

First, HyperMesh constructs lines connecting the midpoints of each edge of the quad (dotted in the picture below). Next, HyperMesh constructs a third line (green in the picture below) perpendicular to one of the initial lines, then finds the angle between this third line and the remaining initial line--with which is it most likely not perpendicular, unless the quad is a perfect rectangle.

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is the skew (angle) value.

Taper

First, the quad’s nodes are projected to plane defined by the orthonormal vectors UV found as follows: Z = X× Y V = Z× X U=X

For each corner node, determine a vector from itself to the center of the quadrilateral. These vectors are along the plane formed U-V. Consider the vertical sides: Calculate vectors along these sides by subtracting the red – dashed vector from that directly above it. This forms the two blue vectors. Find the angle between these blue vectors. Now, do likewise for the horizontal sides. The taper is the largest of these angles.

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Warpage

This check applies only to quads or rectangular faces of solids.

Warpage = 100 * h / max { Li }, where h is the minimum distance between the diagonals.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh Check Element Settings Window

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Element Quality Calculation: OptiStruct For the most part, OptiStruct uses the same checks as HyperMesh. However, OptiStruct uses its own method of calculating Aspect Ratio, and it does not support 3-D element checks. Aspect Ratio

OptiStruct defines aspect ratio as the ratio between the minimum and maximum side lengths. 3-D elements are evaluated by treating each face of the element as a 2-D element, finding the aspect ratio of each face, and then returning the most extreme aspect ratio found.

Chordal Deviation

Curved surfaces can be approximated by using many short lines instead of a true curve.

Chordal deviation is the perpendicular distance between the actual curve and the approximating line segments. Interior Angles

These maximum and minimum values are evaluated independently for triangles and quadrilaterals.

Jacobian

This measures the deviation of an element from its ideal or "perfect" shape, such as a triangle’s deviation from equilateral. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space which is required to fit it onto the global coordinate space. HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points) or at the element’s corner nodes, and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest. In the case of Jacobian evaluation at the Gauss points, values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. You can select which method of evaluation to use (Gauss point or corner node) from the Check Element Settings window.

Length (min.)

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Minimum element lengths are calculated using one of two methods: The shortest edge of the element. This method is used for non-tetrahedral 3-D elements. The shortest distance from a corner node to its opposing edge (or face, in the case of tetra elements); referred to as "minimal normalized height".

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Skew

Skew of triangular elements is calculated by finding the minimum angle between the vector from each node to the opposing mid-side, and the vector between the two adjacent mid-sides at each node of the element.

The minimum angle found is subtracted from ninety degrees and reported as its skew. Warpage

This is the amount by which an element (or in the case of solid elements, an element face) deviates from being planar. Since three points define a plane, this check only applies to quads. The quad is divided into two trias along its diagonal, and the angle between the trias’ normals is measured.

Warpage of up to five degrees is generally acceptable.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh

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Element Quality Calculation: Radioss (BulkData) For the most part, RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) uses the same checks as HyperMesh. However, RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) uses its own method of calculating Aspect Ratio, and it does not support 3-D element checks. Aspect Ratio

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) defines aspect ratio as the ratio between the minimum and maximum side lengths. 3-D elements are evaluated by treating each face of the element as a 2-D element, finding the aspect ratio of each face, and then returning the most extreme aspect ratio found.

Chordal Deviation

Curved surfaces can be approximated by using many short lines instead of a true curve.

Chordal deviation is the perpendicular distance between the actual curve and the approximating line segments. Interior Angles

These maximum and minimum values are evaluated independently for triangles and quadrilaterals.

Jacobian

This measures the deviation of an element from its ideal or "perfect" shape, such as a triangle’s deviation from equilateral. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space which is required to fit it onto the global coordinate space. HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points) or at the element’s corner nodes, and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest. In the case of Jacobian evaluation at the Gauss points, values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. You can select which method of evaluation to use (Gauss point or corner node) from the Check Element Settings window.

Length (min.)

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Minimum element lengths are calculated using one of two methods: The shortest edge of the element. This method is used for non-tetrahedral 3-D elements. The shortest distance from a corner node to its opposing edge (or face, in the case of tetra elements); referred to as "minimal normalized height".

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Skew

Skew of triangular elements is calculated by finding the minimum angle between the vector from each node to the opposing mid-side, and the vector between the two adjacent mid-sides at each node of the element.

The minimum angle found is subtracted from ninety degrees and reported as its skew. Warpage

This is the amount by which an element (or in the case of solid elements, an element face) deviates from being planar. Since three points define a plane, this check only applies to quads. The quad is divided into two trias along its diagonal, and the angle between the trias’ normals is measured.

Warpage of up to five degrees is generally acceptable.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh

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Element Quality Calculation: Abaqus These checks apply to both types of elements, but when applied to 3-D elements they are generally applied to each face of the element. The value of the worst face is reported as the 3-D element’s overall quality value. Additional element checks not listed here are not part of the solver’s normal set of checks, and therefore use HyperMesh check methods. Aspect Ratio

This is the ratio of the longest edge of an element to its shortest edge. When applied to 3-D elements, the same method is used (longest edge divided by shortest edge) rather than evaluating each face individually and taking the worst face result.

Interior Angles

These maximum and minimum values are evaluated independently for triangles and quadrilaterals.

Jacobian

This measures the deviation of an element from its ideal or "perfect" shape, such as a triangle’s deviation from equilateral. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space which is required to fit it onto the global coordinate space. HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points) or at the element’s corner nodes, and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest. In the case of Jacobian evaluation at the Gauss points, values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. You can select which method of evaluation to use (Gauss point or corner node) from the Check Element Settings window.

Length (min.)

Minimum element lengths are calculated using one of two methods: The shortest edge of the element. This method is used for non-tetrahedral 3-D elements. The shortest distance from a corner node to its opposing edge (or face, in the case of tetra elements); referred to as "minimal normalized height".

Skew (tria only)

Defined by shape factor. Abaqus determines triangular element shape factor by dividing the element’s area by the area of an ideally shaped element. The ideally shaped element is defined as an equilateral triangle with the same circumradius— the radius of a circle that passes through the three vertices of the triangle—as the element.

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This shape factor converts to skew by subtracting it from 1. Thus, a perfect equilateral tria element has a skew of 0 and the worst tria has a value of 1.0. Quadrilaterals are simply assigned a value of 0.

Checks Used Only for 3-D Elements These additional checks only apply to 3-D elements. Volume Skew

This check applies only to tetrahedral elements; all others are assigned values of zero. Volume Skew is defined as 1 minus the shape factor, so a skew of 0 is perfect and a skew of 1 is the worst possible value. The shape factor for a tetrahedral element is determined by dividing the element’s volume by the volume of an ideal (equilateral) tetrahedron of the same circumradius. In the case of tetrahedral elements, the circumradius is the radius of a sphere passing through the four vertices of the tetrahedron.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh

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Element Quality Calculation: ANSYS These checks apply to both types of elements, but when applied to 3-D elements they are generally applied to each face of the element. The value of the worst face is reported as the 3-D element’s overall quality value. Additional element checks not listed here are not part of the solver’s normal set of checks, and therefore use HyperMesh check methods. Aspect Ratio (tria)

For tria elements, a line is drawn from one node to the midpoint of the opposite edge. Next, another line is drawn between the midpoints of the remaining two sides. These lines are typically not perpendicular to each other or to any of the element edges, but provide four points (three midpoints plus the vertex).

Then, a rectangle is created for each of these two lines, such that one line perpendicularly meets the midpoints of two opposing edges of the rectangle, and the remaining edges of the rectangle pass through the end points of the remaining line. This results in two rectangles, one perpendicular to each of the two lines:

Third, this process is repeated for each of the remaining two nodes of the tria element, resulting in the construction of four additional rectangles (six in total). Finally, each rectangle is examined to find the ratio of its longest side to its shortest side. Of these six values—one for each rectangle—the most extreme value is then divided by the square root of three to produce the tria aspect ratio. The best aspect ratio (an equilateral tria) is 1. Higher numbers indicate greater deviation from equilateral. Aspect Ratio (quad)

If the element isn’t flat, it’s projected to a plane which is based on the average of the element’s corner normals. All subsequent calculations are based on this projected element rather than the original (curved) element. Next, two lines are created which bisect opposite edges of the element. These lines are

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typically not perpendicular to each other or to any of the element edges, but they provide four midpoints.

Third, a rectangle is created for each line, such that the line perpendicularly bisects two opposing edges of the created rectangle, and the remaining two edges of the rectangle pass through the remaining line’s endpoints. This creates two rectangles—one perpendicular to each line.

Finally, the rectangles are compared to find the one with the greatest length ratio of longest side to shortest side. This value is reported as the quad’s aspect ratio. A value of 1 indicates a perfectly equilateral element, while higher numbers indicate increasingly greater deviation from equilateral. Interior Angles These maximum and minimum values are evaluated independently for triangles and quadrilaterals. Jacobian

This measures the deviation of an element from its ideal or "perfect" shape, such as a triangle’s deviation from equilateral. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space which is required to fit it onto the global coordinate space. HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points) or at the element’s corner nodes, and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest. In the case of Jacobian evaluation at the Gauss points, values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. You can select which method of evaluation to use (Gauss point or corner node) from the Check Element Settings window.

Length (min.)

Minimum element lengths are calculated using one of two methods: The shortest edge of the element. This method is used for non-tetrahedral 3-D elements. The shortest distance from a corner node to its opposing edge (or face, in the

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case of tetra elements); referred to as "minimal normalized height".

Angle Deviation (Skew)

This check only applies to quadrilateral elements, and relies upon the angles between adjacent legs at each corner node (e.g. the interior angles at each corner). Each angle is compared to a base of 90 degrees, and the one with the largest deviation from 90 is reported as the angle deviation. Triangular elements are given a value of zero.

Warping Factor This test applies to quadrilateral elements as well as the quadrilateral faces of 3-D bricks, wedges, and pyramids. Warping Factor is calculated by creating a normal from the vector product of the element’s two diagonals. Next, the element’s area is projected to a plane through the average normal. Finally, the difference in height is measured between each node of the original element and its corresponding node on the projection. For flat elements, this is always zero, but for warped elements one or more nodes will deviate from the plane. The greater the difference, the more warped the element is.

The warping factor is calculated as the edge height difference divided by the square root of the projected area. Checks Used Only for 3-D Elements Ansys does not use any exclusively 3-D checks within HyperMesh, but HyperMesh does use its own when Ansys is set as the solver. See the topic on Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh for details on the 3-D checks.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh Check Element Settings window

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Element Quality Calculation: I-DEAS Additional element checks not listed here are not part of the solver’s normal set of checks, and therefore use HyperMesh check methods. Checks used for both 2-D and 3-D elements These checks apply to both types of elements, but when applied to 3-D elements they are generally applied to each face of the element. The value of the worst face is reported as the 3-D element’s overall quality value. Stretch (Aspect Ratio)

Stretch is evaluated differently depending on whether the element is triangular or quadrilateral: For trias: the radius of the largest circle that fits within the element is divided by the longest edge, then multiplied by the square root of 12.

For quads: the minimum edge length is divided by the maximum diagonal length. The result is multiplied by the square root of 2. Note: the inverse of stretch displays on-screen in HyperMesh as the aspect. Chordal Deviation

Curved surfaces can be approximated by using many short lines instead of a true curve.

Chordal deviation is the perpendicular distance between the actual curve and the approximating line segments. Jacobian

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This measures the deviation of an element from its ideal or "perfect" shape, such as a triangle’s deviation from equilateral. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space which is required to fit it onto the global coordinate space.

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HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points) or at the element’s corner nodes, and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest. In the case of Jacobian evaluation at the Gauss points, values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. You can select which method of evaluation to use (Gauss point or corner node) from the Check Element Settings window. Length (min.)

Minimum element lengths are calculated using one of two methods: The shortest edge of the element. This method is used for non-tetrahedral 3-D elements. The shortest distance from a corner node to its opposing edge (or face, in the case of tetra elements); referred to as "minimal normalized height".

Skew

This check measures the deviation of an element’s corners from 90 degrees (for quads) or 60 degrees (for trias). The check calculates skew by finding:

for quadrilaterals, or

for triangular elements Where alpha is the angle of each corner. An ideal/equilateral element has a skew of zero, as none of its corners deviate from the target (90 or 60 degrees). Taper

Taper ratio for the quadrilateral element is defined by first finding the area of the triangle formed at each corner grid point:

These areas are then compared to one half of the area of the quadrilateral. HyperMesh then finds the smallest ratio of each of these triangular areas to ½ the quad element’s total area (in the diagram above, "a" is smallest). The resulting value is subtracted from 1, and the result reported as the element taper. This means that as the taper approaches 0, the shape approaches a rectangle.

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Triangles are assigned a value of 0, in order to prevent HyperMesh from mistaking them for highly-tapered quadrilaterals and reporting them as "failed". Warpage

The amount by which an element (or in the case of solid elements, an element face) deviates from being planar. Since three points define a plane, this check only applies to quads. The quad is divided into two trias along its diagonal, and the angle between the trias’ normals is measured.

Checks Used Only for 3-D Elements These additional checks only apply to 3-D elements. Stretch (volume aspect ratio)

Stretch is evaluated differently depending on whether the element is a tetrahedron, Wedge, Brick, or Pyramid: For tetras: the radius of the largest sphere that fits within the element is divided by the longest edge. This value is then multiplied by the square root of 24. For wedges: each face is evaluated for its 2-D stretch, and the worst value is reported. This means that the value reported for vol AR should always be the same as that reported for aspect. For bricks: the minimum edge length is divided by the maximum diagonal length. The result is multiplied by the square root of 3. For pyramids: no check is defined, so HyperMesh performs its standard check in which each face is evaluated as a 2-D object and the worst result reported.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh

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Element Quality Calculation: Medina Additional element checks not listed here are not part of the solver’s normal set of checks, and therefore use HyperMesh check methods. Checks used for both 2-D and 3-D elements These checks apply to both types of elements, but when applied to 3-D elements they are generally applied to each face of the element. The value of the worst face is reported as the 3-D element’s overall quality value. Aspect Ratio (Edge Ratio)

The Edge Ratio is calculated as the ratio between an element’s shortest edge and its longest edge; For the sake of consistency, HyperMesh inverts this result (effectively making it the ratio of longest to shortest) and reports the result as the element’s aspect ratio.

Interior Angles

These maximum and minimum values are evaluated independently for triangles and quadrilaterals.

Jacobian

This measures the deviation of an element from its ideal or "perfect" shape, such as a triangle’s deviation from equilateral. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space which is required to fit it onto the global coordinate space. HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points) or at the element’s corner nodes, and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest. In the case of Jacobian evaluation at the Gauss points, values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. You can select which method of evaluation to use (Gauss point or corner node) from the Check Element Settings window.

Length (min.)

Minimum element lengths are calculated using one of two methods: The shortest edge of the element. This method is used for non-tetrahedral 3-D elements. The shortest distance from a corner node to its opposing edge (or face, in the case of tetra elements); referred to as "minimal normalized height".

Maximum Angle

The largest angle between adjacent edges of the element is reported.

Minimum Angle

The smallest angle between adjacent edges of the element is reported.

Skew

The element’s interior corner angles are compared to 90 degrees (for quads) or 60

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degrees (for trias). The absolute values of these deviations are summed and reported. Taper

Quadrilateral elements are split into two triangles.

The area of the smaller of the two triangles is compared to the total area of the quadrilateral. In the example above, Note:

Warpage

To improve consistency with other taper checks, HyperMesh displays a value of 0.5 minus this value so that 0 implies no taper. However, this is not completely consistent with other taper checks, because in this case taper ranges from 0 (no taper) to 0.5 (full taper), whereas HyperMesh’s own taper check reports a 1.0 for full taper.

Elements with more than three nodes are split into triangles. The largest angle between the normals of triangle pairs is reported as the warpage.

Checks Used Only for 3-D Elements Medina does not use any 3-D specific checks. HyperMesh uses its own checks instead.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh

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Element Quality Calculation: Moldflow Additional element checks not listed here are not part of the solver’s normal set of checks, and therefore use HyperMesh check methods. Checks used for both 2-D and 3-D elements These checks apply to both types of elements, but when applied to 3-D elements they are generally applied to each face of the element. The value of the worst face is reported as the 3-D element’s overall quality value. Aspect Ratio

This check is only applied to triangles, with quadrilaterals given a value of:

This is the same value obtained from an equilateral triangle, and is assigned to quads to prevent HyperMesh from misinterpreting a quad as a badly formed triangular element. MoldFlow calculates a triangle’s aspect ratio by squaring the longest edge of the triangle, and dividing the result by twice the triangle’s area. 1.0 denotes a perfect equilateral triangle. When applied to 3-D elements, the aspect ratio is the ratio between the longest and shortest edges of the tetrahedral element. Checks Used Only for 3-D Elements These additional checks only apply to 3-D elements. Vol. Aspect Ratio

The volume aspect ratio is defined by finding the perpendicular height h of each node, and then dividing the longest edge length L by the shortest height h and multiplying by the square root of 1.5:

This results in an equilateral tetrahedron having a volume aspect ratio of 1.5. Nontetrahedral elements are assigned a value of 1.0.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh

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Element Quality Calculation: Nastran Additional element checks not listed here are not part of the solver’s normal set of checks, and therefore use HyperMesh check methods. Interior Angles

These maximum and minimum values are evaluated independently for triangles and quadrilaterals.

Jacobian

This measures the deviation of an element from its ideal or "perfect" shape, such as a triangle’s deviation from equilateral. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space which is required to fit it onto the global coordinate space. HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points) or at the element’s corner nodes, and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest. In the case of Jacobian evaluation at the Gauss points, values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. You can select which method of evaluation to use (Gauss point or corner node) from the Check Element Settings window.

Skew

Nastran creates lines between the midpoints of opposite sides of the element, then measures the angles between these lines. The angle with the greatest deviation from the ideal value is used to determine skew.

Taper

Nastran finds the taper of quadrilateral elements by treating each node as the corner of a triangle (e.g. using one of the quad’s diagonals as the triangle’s third leg). The areas of each of these four "virtual" triangles are compared to one half of the total area of the quadrilateral element to produce a ratio; the largest of these ratios is then compared to the tolerance value. A value of 1.0 is a perfect quadrilateral, and higher numbers denote greater taper. However, for the sake of consistency within HyperMesh, an equivalent taper is reported instead. This means that the smallest area ratio found (instead of the largest ratio) is subtracted from 1, so that 0 represents a perfect quadrilateral element instead of 1.0, and greater deviation from 0 indicates greater taper. Triangle elements are simply assigned a value of 0 to prevent HyperMesh from incorrectly identifying them as failed (highly-tapered) quads.

Warpage

First, Nastran constructs a plane based on the mean of the quad’s four points. This means that the corner points of a warped quad are alternately H units above and below the constructed plane. This value is then used along with the length of the element’s diagonals in the following equation: WC = H / 2(D1+D2) Where WC is the Warping Coefficient, H is the "height" or distance of the nodes from the constructed plane, and D1 and D2 are the lengths of the diagonals. Thus, a perfect quad has a WC of zero.

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Checks Used Only for 3-D Elements These additional checks only apply to 3-D elements. Vol. Aspect Ratio

Nastran evaluates Tetrahedral elements by finding the longest edge length and dividing it by the shortest height (measured from a node to its opposing face). Other 3-D elements (such as hex elements) are evaluated based on the ratio of their longest edge to their shortest edge.

See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh

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Element Quality Calculation: Patran Additional element checks not listed here are not part of the solver’s normal set of checks, and therefore use HyperMesh check methods. Checks used for both 2-D and 3-D elements These checks apply to both types of elements, but when applied to 3-D elements they are generally applied to each face of the element. The value of the worst face is reported as the 3-D element’s overall quality value. Aspect Ratio (triangle)

For triangles, the length of a side is divided by the height of the triangle from that side to its opposite node, then multiplied by ½ of the square root of 3. In a perfect equilateral triangle, this formula produces a value of 1. The process is performed for each of the three sides, and the largest value of the three is reported as the aspect ratio.

Aspect Ratio (quad)

If the element isn’t flat, it’s projected to a plane which is based on the average of the element’s corner normals. All subsequent calculations are based on this projected element rather than the original (curved) element. Next, two lines are created which bisect opposite edges of the element. These lines are typically not perpendicular to each other or to any of the element edges, but they provide four midpoints. Third, a rectangle is created for each line, such that the line perpendicularly bisects two opposing edges of the created rectangle, and the remaining two edges of the rectangle pass through the remaining line’s endpoints. This creates two rectangles— one perpendicular to each line.

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Finally, the rectangles are compared to find the one with the greatest length ratio of longest side to shortest side. This value is reported as the quad’s aspect ratio. A value of 1 indicates a perfectly equilateral element, while higher numbers indicate increasingly greater deviation from equilateral. Interior Angles

These maximum and minimum values are evaluated independently for triangles and quadrilaterals.

Jacobian

This measures the deviation of an element from its ideal or "perfect" shape, such as a triangle’s deviation from equilateral. The Jacobian value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0, where 1.0 represents a perfectly shaped element. The determinant of the Jacobian relates the local stretching of the parametric space which is required to fit it onto the global coordinate space. HyperMesh evaluates the determinant of the Jacobian matrix at each of the element’s integration points (also called Gauss points) or at the element’s corner nodes, and reports the ratio between the smallest and the largest. In the case of Jacobian evaluation at the Gauss points, values of 0.7 and above are generally acceptable. You can select which method of evaluation to use (Gauss point or corner node) from the Check Element Settings window.

Length (min.)

Minimum element lengths are calculated using one of two methods: The shortest edge of the element. This method is used for non-tetrahedral 3D elements. The shortest distance from a corner node to its opposing edge (or face, in the case of tetra elements); referred to as "minimal normalized height".

Skew (triangle)

Patran evaluates triangular skew by constructing a line from one of the triangle’s nodes to the midpoint of its opposite side, and another line connecting the midpoints of the remaining two sides.

An angle between these created lines is compared to 90 degrees to find its deviation from square. This process is then repeated for each of the remaining two nodes, and

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the largest of the three computed angle deviations is reported as the element’s skew. Skew (Quad)

The skew test begins by bisecting the four element edges. This creates an origin at the vector average of the four corners, with the x-axis extending from the origin to the bisector on edge 2. Next, finding the cross-product of the x-axis and the vector that stretches from the origin to the midpoint of edge 3 defines the z-axis. With the x and z axes defined, their cross-product defines the y-axis.

Finally, subtracting the angle α (located between the y axis and the line bisecting edges 1 and 3) from 90 degrees reveals the element skew. Taper

Patran calculates taper by first averaging the corner nodes to find the element center, and creating lines between this center and the corner nodes to split the element into four triangles.

The taper calculation is simply the smallest triangle’s area divided by the average of all the triangle areas—or, put another way, the taper is quadruple the area of the smallest triangle, divided by the sum of the areas of all four triangles:

Note:

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For the sake of display compatibility, HyperMesh reports an equivalent value for Taper. Taper is determined as above, but is then subtracted from 1 to produce a number between zero and one. Thus, as the element taper

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decreases, the reported value approaches zero (a perfect square). Triangles are assigned a value of zero to prevent them from showing up as failed quads. Warpage

The warpage test bisects the element edges, creating a point at the vector average of the element corners. This point serves as the base node for a plane, with the plane’s x-axis extending from the base node to the bisector on edge 2 of the element. The plane normal (z-axis) is in the direction of the cross-product of this x-axis and the vector from the origin to the bisector of edge 3. Each corner of the quad is then the same distance, h, from the plane.

Next, Patran measures the length of each half-edge, and calculates the arcsine of the ratio of h to the shortest half-edge length (L):

Checks Used Only for 3-D Elements These additional checks only apply to 3-D elements. Vol. Aspect Ratio (Tetrahedron)

Patran finds the aspect ratio of Tetra elements by finding the ratio between a vertex height and ½ the area of the opposing face. This process is repeated for each vertex, and the largest ratio found.

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Next, Patran multiplies the largest ratio found by 0.805927 (the corresponding ratio of an equilateral tetrahedron). The result is reported as the element’s aspect ratio, with a value of 1 representing a perfect equilateral tetrahedron. Vol. Aspect Ratio (pyramid)

The Aspect Ratio of a pyramid element is simply the ratio of the element’s longest edge length to its shortest edge length.

Vol. Aspect Ratio (wedge)

This test begins by averaging the triangular faces of the element to create a triangular mid-surface. Next, it finds the aspect ratio of the mid-surface (as for a tria element). Then it compares the average height (h1) of the wedge element to the mid-surface’s maximum edge length (h2).

If the wedge height h1 exceeds the edge length h2, the wedge’s aspect ratio equals the mid-surface aspect ratio multiplied by h2, then divided by the average distance between the triangular faces (h3). If the wedge height h1 is less than the edge length h2, the wedge aspect ratio equals either the mid-surface aspect ratio, or the maximum edge length h2 divided by the average distance between the triangular faces (h3), whichever is greater.

Vol. Aspect Ratio (hexahedron)

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Each face of the hex element is treated as a warped quadrilateral, and its center point found. The volume aspect ratio is simply the ratio of the largest distance h between the center points of any two opposing faces, to the smallest such distance:

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See also How Element Quality is Calculated Element Quality Calculation: HyperMesh

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Hole Detection tool Location: Mesh menu, under Checks -> components -> hole detection. The Hole Detection tool enables you to locate many holes in a model--and potentially all of them--define them, and add those holes as geometry to a new component or the current one. You can specify many types of criteria to define specific types of holes that you wish to find. The tool includes three tabs: Preparation, 2D Holes, and 3D Holes.

Preparation Tab This tab allows you to select the components that you wish to scan for holes, select the types of elements (2D, 3D, or both) in which to find holes, and specify a feature angle for 3D solid holes.

Holes in 3D solids are assumed to have an opening on one or more faces of the solid. You can base detection on each hole's feature angle--that is, the angle at which the hole deviates from the face in which its opening appears:

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The 3D solid hole feature detection list box allows you to pick between two methods of specifying the feature angle: By specified angle: this option includes a single numeric text box, so that you can specify the exact angle of holes you wish to detect. Auto using angle range: this option displays two additional numeric boxes, allowing you to specify the upper and lower limits of hole angles that you wish to detect. Holes with feature angles beyond either of these numbers will be ignored. In either case the values must be more than zero (zero would be perfectly collinear with the face) but no greater than 90 degrees (which represents a hole that runs perfectly perpendicular to the face). Once you select entities and determine the element types and feature angles to search for, you must click run to perform the scan. Once the scan is complete, the 2D Holes and 3D Holes tabs become usable; otherwise they are disabled.

2D Holes Tab This tab allows you to refine the types of holes you wish to find in 2D mesh.

The hole type refers to the 2D shape of the opening: circular (including ovals), square, or rectangular. The general option includes all shapes. Minimum and Maximum dimension refers to the width of the hole, regardless of shape. If set at or below zero, these checks are not run.

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Offset plane deviation checks each node on the edge of a hole, relative to the plane that best approximates all of the nodes on the hole's edge. This is a distance measurement; any nodes further than this distance from the midplane of the bounding box will cause the tool to ignore the hole. If this value is set to zero or less, the check is not run at all on any holes.

In this image, the raised node might invalidate the hole.

The Hole organization options control which component the found holes are placed into: by default they are added to a new component called ^edges_holes_shell. However, you can force them all to be placed into the current component instead. Once you're satisfied with your settings, click Find. All 2D holes matching the criteria are located.

3D Tab This tab allows you to refine the types of holes you wish to find in 3D mesh to greater detail.

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The hole type refers to the shape of the opening: circular, square, or rectangular. The general option includes all shapes. Minimum and Maximum dimension refers to the width of the hole's openings, regardless of shape, and carries over from the 2D page because the openings themselves are 2D edges. If set at or below zero, these checks are not run.

Minimum and Maximum height refers to the depth of the hole, regardless of shape. If set at or below zero, these checks are not run.

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Offset plane deviation checks each node on the edge of a hole, relative to the best-fit bounding box that encompasses all of the nodes on the hole's edge. This is a distance measurement; any nodes further than this distance from the midplane of the bounding box will cause the tool to ignore the hole. If this value is set to zero or less, the check is not run at all on any holes.

With very low plane deviation, the red node might invalidate this hole.

Cone angle allows you to specifically search for tapered holes; this is the maximum angle between the hole's sides, and a planar cross-section that is perpendicular to its length.

Thus, a value of 90 represents a hole that does not taper at all. Holes with a taper at or below the specified angle (that is, tapers sharper than the specified angle) will be found, while tapers above it (that is, closer to being a straight shaft) will be ignored. The default value is 80.0 degrees; if less than or equal to 0.0 the cone angle check is not run. The Hole organization options control which component the found holes are placed into: by default they are added to a new component called ^edges_faces_solid. However, you can force the shell hole elements to be placed into the current component instead. If you activate the Create edges option, the tool will generate elements around the perimeter of the hole edge– these new elements are organized into a component called ^edges_holes_shell. Use Hole handling to determine whether to find Open holes, Capped holes, or All holes.

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Once you're satisfied with your settings, click Find. All 3D holes matching the criteria are located.

See also Checking & Editing Mesh

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Penetration check Penetration is defined as the overlap of the material thickness of shell elements, while Intersection is defined as elements that actually pass completely through one another:

These diagrams illustrate the concepts of penetration and intersection.

Penetration checking is supported by all of the impact solver interfaces such as LS-DYNA, RADIOSS and PAMCRASH, and works best with a user profile that supports thickness data for modeled shell elements. Note that the default HyperMesh user profile does not support modeled element thickness, but the penetration checking tools allow you to specify a uniform thickness when performing a check. Notes The penetration panel only allows you to set up and initiate the check; the majority of the checking tool actually resides in a special tab that opens in the tab area. However, this tab only displays after you complete the panel and run an initial check. When the penetration check runs, it automatically masks (hides) everything in your model except for the penetrating or intersecting elements. It then fits the view to these elements’ components. You can show or hide additional elements using toolbar buttons located in the penetration tab, and you can make other entity types (such as ellipsoids) visible again via the display panel or the mask panel. Solid entities never register penetrations between each other; instead, any overlap between solids registers as intersections, because one or more of each the solid’s faces intersect. A solid that is completely contained within another solid will not be detected as an intersection or penetration, because its faces will not intersect any of the larger (containing) solid’s faces. In addition, only surface elements register penetrations; the tool cannot find penetrations between internal (e.g. tetraor hexa-) elements.

Intersection w ould be found in the left image, but not in the right.

Solids can register penetrations with respect to adjacent shell elements, based on the thickness of the shell elements.

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Mesh Coarsening Location: Mesh menu > create sub-menu Sometimes an existing mesh is finer and more complex than your simulation requires. This can result in the simulation--or other utilities that depend on existing elements--taking an unnecessarily long time to run, especially when your goal is to view real-time animations for NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Handling) or similar analyses. In such cases, you can use the Coarsen Mesh utility to simplify the mesh by combining many small elements into a smaller number of larger ones.

A model before coarsening (mesh size 30).

The same model after coarsening (mesh size 200).

When a mesh is coarsened like this, it's important to note that every node in the coarse mesh corresponds exactly to one of the nodes in the original mesh--although many nodes are removed, the ones that remain are still the same nodes from the original model. No locations or qualities are changed. Similarly, any nodes or points with special information (such as comments) in the 10th column of their deck will be preserved.

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As the example above indicates, it is best to filter out components that are not relevant to your analysis--in this case, the wheels and suspension were removed from consideration.

The Coarsen Mesh utility This utility opens in a free-floating dialog window.

This dialog allows you to pick the components that you wish to simplify, any hard points (such as those defining a hole or ridge) that must be preserved, a new Element size, and a Mesh type (mixed or trias-only). In both cases, you must click the selector twice, as if you were accessing its extended endtity selection menu; however, the second click opens a temporary panel in the panel area. This panel allows you to select the desired components or nodes, and then proceed in order to close the panel and return to the Coarsen Mesh dialog. In addition, you can specify several options (note that are only accessible by clicking the double down-arrow next to Advanced options): A Feature angle. Features with angles smaller than this may be eliminated and meshed over, while features with angles greater than this will be preserved so that mesh aligns with the feature line rather than allowing elements to cross over it. The coarsening process uses two stages; if the first stage fails on some elements, the second stage is run. The feature angle setting only applies to the second stage; it is irrelevant to the initial stage.

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A Minimum hole diameter. Holes smaller than this will be meshed over, but holes at least this size will be preserved. Delete 1Ds before meshing: Any 1D elements that are part of the input selection are considered for this operation. If those 1D elements are attached to a hard point or are part of a 1D path back to the 2D/3D structure, those elements are not deleted. Any other 1D elements that are part of the input selection are deleted. Delete free 1Ds after meshing: The coarsening operation itself includes making sure the relevant rigidlink/RBE3 elements are connected back to the structure accordingly. For this option rigidlink/ RBE3 elements are considered free only if all legs are free after coarsening/reconnection is complete. Delete free rigidlink/RBE3 legs after coarsening: This deletes any free legs after coarsening and reconnection are complete. As mentioned above, a rigidlink/RBE3 element is only free if all legs are free for the purpose of this tool. Create PLOTEL: Once all of the above rules have been completed, any remaining 1D elements that were part of the input selection are converted to PLOTEL. This includes all legs of rigidlink/RBE3 elements. Every leg of these elements needs to be converted to a separate PLOTEL (e.g. a 10 leg RBE3 will be 10 PLOTELs). Create PLOTEL 3/4: This option will convert all Tria and Quad elements to PLOTEL3 or PLOTEL4 element types configurations. This option is only available in Radioss Bulk and OptiStruct user profiles. Once you set the desired options, you can Mesh the selected components. If the results are not satisfactory, you can reject the new coarse mesh, change the options, and try again.

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BatchMesher Altair's BatchMesher is a tool that can perform geometry feature recognition, cleanup and automatic meshing (in batch mode) for given CAD files. Consult the following topics for more details:

About BatchMesher BatchMesher Setup Batch Mesh Tab Configurations Tab Run Status Tab User Procedures Tab BatchMesher Customization User-registered Procedures BatchMesher Parameter Editor hw_batchmesh tcl command BatchMesher Error Codes Grid Computing with BatchMesher

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About BatchMesher BatchMesher is a tool that can perform geometry feature recognition, cleanup and automatic meshing (in batch mode) for given CAD files. The BatchMesher can read a geometry file using the specified CAD translator, and perform a variety of geometry cleanup operations to facilitate better mesh creation for the selected element size and type. Cleanup operations include equivalencing free (red) edges, fixing small surfaces (relative to the element size), and detecting features such as beads, fillets, flanges etc. BatchMesher also performs specified surface editing/defeaturing operations like removing of pinholes smaller than a specified size, removing edge fillets, or adding layers of washer elements around holes. The BatchMesher also uses criteria set by the user to determine the quality index (QI) of a model, uses this QI rating to assess the potential value of each geometry cleanup and meshing tool, and then applies the tools accordingly. QI optimized meshing and node placement optimization are performed to obtain the best quality meshing. Final results are stored in a HyperMesh database file containing both the cleaned-up geometry and the finite element mesh. The required input (element size, quality requirements, etc.), are set within a parameter file and a criteria file. The parameter file contains the average element size and type (quads or trias) as well as any special handling of geometry features. The criteria file contains the target element quality requirements for tests like Jacobian, warpage, etc.

Input to BatchMesher Geometry data file

Any CAD format that can be imported into standard HyperMesh or a HyperMesh database file can be used.

Parameter file

Contains average element size, type of elements to be generated (quads or trias), and various options for geometry cleanup.

Criteria file

Contains all element quality requirements, such as Jacobian and warpage. You can export this file from the QI panel in HyperMesh after you update the settings to your requirements. Note:

as of version 8.0, the Parameter file and Criteria file are both modified by using the BatchMesher Parameter Editor.

Output from BatchMesher The BatchMesher creates a unique directory for each run in the results directory where it stores output files. The directory is named bm_date_001 (002), etc. For each CAD input file: Inputgeometryfilename_ criteriafilename_ paramfilename.hm

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This HyperMesh file is the main output of the BatchMesher and contains the geometry (as cleaned up by BatchMesher) and the final mesh.

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This is a text file that reports the progress and status of the BatchMesher at various steps in the batch meshing process. It reports information such as the number of surfaces (total, unmeshable, etc.), number of elements, percentage of trias, quality index value, etc. COMPLETE at the end of this file indicates successful completion of the BatchMesher process.

Inputgeometryfilename_ criteriafilename_ paramfilename_res.txt

For each run: run_results.txt

This is a text file that reports the progress and status of the jobs (CAD files) submitted to the batch meshing process. It reports number of jobs submitted, waiting in the queue, complete etc. For completed jobs it provides summary information such as time taken to complete the job, number of surfaces in the model, number of elements created etc.

RunView.log

Maintains a log of submitted runs. This log file can be loaded back into the Batchmesh GUI to review the results at a later time

In addition to the files mentioned above, additional output files may be created due to customization procedures performed at various stages of the batchmeshing process (pre-geometry load, post-batchmesh etc). How do I… Start BatchMesher on a PC Start BatchMesher in UNIX

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To start BatchMesh on a PC: On a PC, the BatchMesher module can be accessed via the Start menu (Start=>programs=>Altair HyperWorks=> BatchMesher), or from a command line by typing hw_batchmesh with the full path ( ~altairhome\hm\batchmesh\hw_batchmesh). Examples: C:\altair\hm\batchmesh\hw_batchmesh\hw_batchmesh or C:\altair\hm\batchmesh\hw_batchmesh\hw_batchmesh –nogui -cad_translator -cad_model_dir -cad_model_ext *. -criteria_file -param_file

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To start BatchMesh in UNIX: You can type the hw_batchmesh command to invoke the user interface or hw_batchmesh -nogui… to perform the batch mesh without a user interface.

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BatchMesher Setup The following steps outline the setup of a batch mesh run. 1.

Create a mesh type (Configuration tab): The mesh type consists of a Criteria File and a Parameter File. In the Configurations tab, you can add a new mesh type by clicking: (add new entry)

2.

Specify a name, and select the criteria and parameter files (browse to select the criteria and parameter files). Choose the models to batch mesh: Click on the Batch Mesh tab in the interface and choose the Input model directory –the directory containing your source files. Click the open-folder icon in the Input model directory: text box, and browse to & select the desired directory (not the files themselves). This sets your default directory when adding files. After choosing the directory, click: (select files) After the new browser window opens, select the files you want to mesh from the chosen directory, as well as the desired CAD geometry type. Either click the desired files, or use the all or none buttons. You can also click directory to browse to a new folder and select additional model files.

3.

4.

5. 6.

Once you have highlighted all of the desired model files, click the select button to close the browser and add the files to the list in the batch mesh tab. Set the mesh type for each model: The selected geometry files displayed in the table along with their geometry type. The same geometry file can be added twice, allowing you to mesh the same file with different mesh types. For each of the geometry files in the table, you choose the mesh type from a dropdown list by clicking the cell for that file’s mesh type.

For ease of use, you can apply the same mesh type to all files above and/or below the current one by right-clicking and choosing Propagate Up or Propagate Down. This also applies to a blank entry so that you can remove the mesh type by propagating a blank mesh type. Choose an Output directory: Near the bottom of the tab you can choose an optional directory where the BatchMesher will save all results. If no output directory is specified, the results will be saved to the current working (input) directory. Start BatchMesher run: Click Submit. Check run status: Go to the Run Status tab. All runs are listed, along with the status next to each one. Each batch mesh run (which can contain multiple model files) creates a unique directory inside of the output directory, where it stores its meshed results. This unique directory name displays on the Run Status tab. You can obtain the details of a highlighted job within a run that is "complete" or "working", or a summary of the details of all of the jobs within a highlighted run that is "complete" or "working", by clicking on the Details button. You can also cancel or pause runs individually when a job is highlighted, or cancel or pause all of the jobs in a run if the run is highlighted. Paused jobs can be restarted (resumed) immediately (Resume

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Now) or at a specified later time (Resume At:). Note:

A report is automatically generated for all jobs submitted from the BatchMesher user interface and saved in the output directory as run_results.txt.

See also

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Batch Mesh Tab This tab or panel allows you to select the geometry files and their corresponding mesh types that you want to mesh.

Geometry source directory:

Enter the directory that contains the geometry/CAD files required for batch meshing or click to use the file browser to pick a directory. Note that you need to select the directory containing the CAD files and not the CAD files themselves. You can choose to select the CAD files in all the subfolders of the selected directory. Once the source directory is specified, click here to select the individual files in the directory to be batch meshed. Use the Shift and control (Ctrl) keys to select or deselect geometry files from the list. Once your selection is complete, click Select to add the highlighted files to the geometry list.

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All files (of the chosen geometry file type) in the source directory are selected by default. You can repeat the process to add more files from different directories or to add the same files multiple times to generate different sizes/types of mesh. You can also choose a new directory and select the geometry file from that. Allows you to add a new row to the geometry file list (to be batch meshed). You can then select a new geometry file either by selecting it from the source directory or by entering the complete path of the geometry/CAD file. Allows you to remove a row from the geometry file list (to be batch meshed). Result directory:

Enter the directory where the BatchMesher result files should be saved or click to use the file browser to pick a directory. The results of the run are saved in a sub-directory named bm__ within the result directory specified on the Batch Mesh tab. For example, a first run on December 15, 2005 will be named bm_051215_001. The next run on the same day would be bm_051215_002. Once the setup is complete, click here to start the BatchMesher run. It automatically takes you to the Run Status tab. You can also choose to start your run at a later time (see next item below). Click here to start the BatchMesher run at a later, specified time. The GUI automatically takes you to Run Status tab. The job status becomes "Waiting" until the specified time, when the run starts.

For each geometry file selected to be batch meshed, a Mesh Type can be chosen from a drop down list of mesh types set in the Configurations tab. Left-click in the file’s Mesh Type cell to invoke the drop-down list. If you wish to mesh all of the geometry files with the same mesh type, you can right-click in the Mesh Type cell and choose either Propagate Up or Propagate Down to apply the same mesh type to all of the preceding or following geometry files. You can also customize the BatchMesher by creating user specific procedures and registering them in the User Procedures tab. Once they are registered, these procedures can then be selected to be performed at one of the three stages of the batch mesh process:

Pre-geometry load:

Before the CAD geometry is imported

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Pre-batch mesh:

After the CAD geometry is imported but before any geometry editing or meshing.

Post-batch mesh:

After the batch mesh process is complete.

Select the user procedures from the drop down list of the corresponding cells. The drop down list is generated from the procedures registered in the User Procedures tab.

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Configurations Tab This tab allows you to configure BatchMesher with the CAD translator and mesh types to be used. A mesh type is a name given to a set composed of one criteria file and one parameter file.

Mesh Type

A mesh type is a name given to a set including one criteria file and one parameter file. several different mesh types are available by default: 8mm auto

Average element size of 8 with one layer of washer elements around holes whose width is determined by the batchmesher

8mm user

Average element size of 8 with multiple layers of washer elements around different size holes and width of individual washer layers is specified by the user

10mm auto Average element size of 10 with one layer of washer elements around holes whose width is determined by the batchmesher 10mm user Average element size of 10 with multiple layers of washer elements around different size holes and width of individual washer layers is specified by the user 12mm auto Average element size of 12 with one layer of washer elements around holes whose width is determined by the batchmesher 12mm user Average element size of 12 with multiple layers of washer elements around different size holes and width of individual washer layers is specified by the user 15mm auto Average element size of 15 with one layer of washer elements around holes whose width is determined by the batchmesher 20mm auto Average element size of 20 with one layer of washer elements

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around holes whose width is determined by the batchmesher File browser that can be used to select a new criteria or parameter file.

Allows you to add a new mesh type. You can give the new mesh type a name and browse for a criteria or parameter file. You can also enter the complete path of these files in the corresponding fields. Allows you to remove a mesh type from the list.

Invokes a BatchMesher Parameter Editor which allows you to set various options available in the criteria file and parameter file. Note that you may not be allowed to change the default parameter and criteria files from the installation due to write permissions.

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Run Status Tab Once the run is initiated in BatchMesher, this tab allows you to obtain the status of the run. Each run is listed as a sub-directory in a tree, along with the exact path of the results location. Each geometry file is listed in the subdirectory along with its mesh type and the status of the run.

The Status can be posted as one of the following: Working

Batch meshing is currently being performed on this CAD model.

Pending

This model is currently in the queue and has not started the BatchMesher process yet. The models in the status can be canceled if necessary.

Waiting

The job will begin automatically at a user-specified date and time.

Done

The batch meshing process is complete, and results can be reviewed.

The following tasks can be performed in the Run Status tab: LoadMesh

Click here after highlighting/selecting the appropriate model row to review the mesh generated by the BatchMesher. This function can only be performed on models that show a status of Done (complete). This function invokes interactive HyperMesh with the final batch meshed model. It also loads the appropriate criteria file in the QI panel so that when the users check the quality of the model it represents their meshing requirements set in the BatchMesher.

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Details

Click here after highlighting/selecting the appropriate model row to obtain more details on the status of the BatchMesher job. This will display a results text file for the appropriate model.

The details shown include: Complete path of the CAD/Geometry model file(s). Complete path of corresponding criteria and parameter files. Element size. A table containing the number of surfaces (faces, splines), elements, number of surfaces that failed to mesh, number of surfaces with a poor quality mesh (bad mesh), number of elements that failed quality index (QI) and the QI value of the model. All of the above parameters are written at certain steps in the batch mesh process. Current step in the BatchMesher process (allows you to Refresh the details to obtain the latest status). Final status of the run. COMPLETE or ERROR at the end of the details indicates either a successful completion or the errors that caused a failure. Checking the Auto Refresh option will repeatedly update the details window with the latest step details while the job is running. Run Details

Provides a summary of the status of all the jobs in the selected run, as well as: The number of jobs completed, in process and waiting. For completed jobs, it lists each one of them with statistics such as time required to complete that job, final number of faces/surfaces/elems, and the quality index.

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Pause

Click here to pause the jobs that are pending.

Resume Now Starts jobs that have been previously paused. Resume At

Allows you to set a specific date and time for selected, paused jobs to resume.

Cancel

Highlight the intended run (file) and click Cancel to remove it from the list of runs the BatchMesherwill perform. You can cancel runs that are Pending or Working.

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User Procedures Tab This tab allows you to customize the BatchMesher by registering user-specific topiclinks (TCL) in three different stages (Pre-geometry load:, Pre-batch mesh:, and Post-batch mesh:) for each model/job and two stages per run. A user procedure can be registered by giving a name and the corresponding tcl file that contains the procedure (TCL topiclink).

Name

A name given to the topiclink or user procedure. A nastran export procedure which is run as a Post-batch mesh: operation is available by default. File browser that can be used to select a new tcl file contains the procedure or topiclink.

TCL Procedure

Once a TCL file is loaded, a drop down list of all of the procedures in that file is provided to choose the required procedure. This allows you to add a new procedure.

Allows you to remove a procedure from the list.

Pre-geometry load:

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Select from drop down list of procedure names to choose to run as soon as the BatchMesher is invoked and before loading the CAD geometry.

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Pre-batch mesh:

Select from drop down list of procedure names to choose to run as just before the BatchMesher starts to mesh the loaded CAD geometry.

Post-batch mesh:

Select from drop down list of procedure names to choose to run after the BatchMesher complete the meshing and just before you exit the BatchMesher.

Pre-run

Use the drop-down list to pick a procedure name to be executed before the first model/job starts.

Post-run

Use the drop-down list to pick a procedure name to be executed after the last model/job completes batchmeshing.

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BatchMesher Customization The BatchMesher can be customized, through TCL procedures, to meet your specific needs. See the User Procedures Tab for more information. For example, the customization of BatchMesher could allow you to: Export a mesh in solver format. Generate the midsurface of a thin solid geometry. Perform a surface offset to move the sheet geometry to a midplane location. Name and number parts to user-specific requirements. The BatchMesher has built in provisions to perform user-specified procedures at the following steps for each job: Pre-geometry load:

This procedure will be run right after the batch meshing process begins, before the selected model is imported.

Post-geometry load:

This procedure will be run right after the selected geometry model is imported (a midsurfacing procedure or surface offset can be performed at this point).

Post-batch mesh:

This procedure will be run after the batch mesh is complete. Examples include creating solver-specific property cards, or exporting the mesh in a solver format.

Customization can also be performed at the run level. This enables users to perform operations such as reading all the batch-meshed parts into a single model, creating properties, materials etc, or creating connections such as welds between the parts. Customization options at the run level can be set to execute at two points in the batch mesh process: Pre-run

This procedure will be executed before the first model/job starts.

Post-run

This procedure will be executed after the last model/job completes batchmeshing.

Example post-mesh user procedure: This example exports the generated mesh to a NASTRAN model. The NASTRAN output file created is named Input_geometry_filename.dat. # args from BatchMesh is input file name proc nastranexport {args} { set modelName " batchmesh_nastranoutput"; if {[llength $args]>0} { set modelName [lindex $args 0]; } set template_dir [ hm_info -appinfo SPECIFIEDPATH TEMPLATES_DIR] set template [file join $template_dir "feoutput" "nastran" "general"]

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*feoutput "$template" ${modelName}.dat 1 1 1 }

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User-registered Procedures User-registered procedures can be invoked using two different methods. The first method is via an additional Tcl script. This method is compatible with 7.0. 1. Create a temp file (e.g. /tmp/driver.tcl). The file should contain: set userproc() {" " ""} For example: set userproc(POST_BATCHMESH) {"/usr/bm/userproc.tcl " "myproc"} 2. Add the following command line argument: -user_proc_file For example: hw_batchmesh –nogui –cad_translator catia –criteria_file /data/mycriteria. txt –param_file /data/myparams.txt –cad_model_dir /data/ -cad_model_ext "model" -user_proc_file /tmp/driver.tcl

The second method does not require creating an additional Tcl script. Instead, all of the required parameters are included in the -user_procedure option of the hw_batchmesh command: -user_procedure



Specifies the type of user-registered procedure. Valid values for include: PRE_GEOMETRY_LOAD PRE_BATCHMESH POST_BATCHMESH



The complete path to the Tcl script file containing the user specified procedure.



The name of user-registered procedure.



The list of additional arguments to pass to . This can be empty if no additional arguments are needed. Quotes must be used if the list contains more than one argument.

The -user_procedure option can be used multiple times in in one hw_batchmesh command, once for each proc_type. For example: hw_batchmesh –nogui –cad_translator catia –criteria_file /data/mycriteria. criteria –param_file /data/myparams.param –cad_model /data/mymodel.model user_procedure PRE_GEOMETRY_LOAD /data/mytcl.tcl myprocedure "myarg1 myarg2" -user_procedure POST_BATCHMESH /data/NastranOutput.tcl nastranexport The following model-specific variables can also be used within user-registered procedures: Variable Name

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Description

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::hwbm::gVarArray(modelpath)

Contains the complete path to the input CAD file.

::hmbm::gVarArray(modelname)

Contains the name of the input CAD file.

::hmbm::gVarArray(cadtype)

Contains the type of CAD file.

::hmbm::gVarArray(criterpath)

Contains the complete path to the criteria input file.

::hmbm::gVarArray(critername)

Contains the criteria input file name.

::hmbm::gVarArray(parampath)

Contains the complete path to the parameter input file.

::hmbm::gVarArray(paramname)

Contains the parameter input file name.

::hmbm::gVarArray(outpath)

Contains the complete path to the directory with all output files. It is the same directory as specified if the work_dir option is used.

::hmbm::gVarArray(resfilename)

Contains the output result file name.

::hwbm::gVarArray(outmodelname) Contains the output CAD file name.

It is important to remember to save the model after running user procedures, as this is not done automatically. For example: hm_answernext "yes" *writefile "$::hmbm::gVarArray(outmodelname)" 0

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BatchMesher Parameter Editor Criteria and parameter files allow users to set the appropriate parameters/options to obtain the desired mesh from the Batchmesher. The Parameter and Criteria Editor is an easy-to-use interface that allows you to create and modify parameter files as well as geometry cleanup criteria. Access the editor in BatchMesher from the Configuration tab by clicking the entry of the configuration you wish to modify and then clicking the edit file button. HyperMesh uses the same editor for both types of file, but the editor’s layout changes depending on whether you are working on a parameter file or a criteria file. See Editing Criteria Files and Editing Parameter Files for details.

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Editing Parameter Files The criteria & parameter editor displays all parameters on one tab, with drop-down/expanding frames for each class of parameters. In the image below, these sections are fully expanded.

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For descriptions of the options in this editor window, consult the following topics: Basic Options: Target Element Size, Import Model Tolerance, Extract Midsurface Geometry Cleanup Options Create Mesh Options Special Component Selection Options

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Basic Options: Target Element Size, Import Model Tolerance, Extract Midsurface Target element size

The desired element size for meshing and optimization. Note:

The element size set here should match the ideal value for min length and max length criteria set in the criteria file. If it doesn’t match, the BatchMesher may not be able to produce meshes that adhere to the target quality requirements

Import model tolerance The tolerance value to be used while importing the CAD model. Set this to auto to let the Batchmesher choose the tolerance based on the type and dimensions of the model imported. Extract midsurface

Turn on this option if your model uses thin solid geometry to represent sheet metal parts, and you want Batchmesher to detect such parts and create midsurface geometry. The resulting midsurface geometry will be batch meshed, while solid geometry will be ignored. Batchmesher generates midsurface geometry by offsetting one of the sides of the solid. Thus, this functionality is only appropriate for stamped parts—not for machined or molded parts or castings. When active, this option enables another one: sheet metal only. Activating this second checkbox enables several more parameters specific to sheet metal midsurface extractions: Maximum thin solid thickness to width ratio: This is the maximum ratio between the approximate thickness of the thin solid part (shortest dimension) and its approximate width (2nd shortest dimension). This parameter is used to limit the midsurface extraction to parts for which the thickness is clearly smaller than the length and width Maximum thin solid thickness: Midsurface extraction ignores thin solids with thickness less than this value. Minimum feature angle between the solid’s edge and its faces: The minimum angle used to distinguish top and bottom faces of a thin solid from its sides. Angles less than this will be treated as if they were flat for purposes of midsurface extraction.

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Geometry Cleanup Options Geometry Cleanup allows the Batchmesher to perform a variety of geometry feature recognition and preparation tasks. This is one of the main functions of Batchmesher and should be turned on by default. You can choose to turn off this option if you have already performed manual geometry cleanup and only wish to mesh the part. You can turn on/ off cleanup of individual features such as holes, fillets etc. The individual options available in geometry cleanup are:

surf hole recognition

When this option is turned on, you can distinguish holes of different sizes and treat them appropriately. You can add radius ranges in the table and choose one of the following: Remove the holes Maintain a node at center (mark) Add a tag on one of the nodes of the hole Force a minimum number of nodes around the holes (for finer mesh) Add one or two layers of washers to be created Specify width of the washer as a constant value or a scale of the hole’s radius, or let Batchmesher determine the width Set higher priority to one range of radii over others. For example, if you wish to ensure all bolt holes (radius 10-15) have correct washers but other holes aren’t critical, holes with radii 10-15 will receive higher priority than others. This ensures that if two holes close to each other in the model have overlapping/conflicting washers, the hole with higher priority gets the washer while the other does not.

use file for holes

Sometimes certain holes need special treatment. This option allows users to provide a file with X, Y, Z locations of these special holes. The Batchmesher compares these locations to the holes in the job’s models, and prioritizes the holes that match. All the options for surface hole treatment are available for these holes.

solid hole recognition

This option is valid for parts that form an enclosed volume. The cylindrical surfaces that form holes in these solids are recognized and treated as follows: Remove the holes Maintain node at center (mark) Add tag on one of the nodes of the hole Force a minimum number of nodes around the holes

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surface fillet recognition

When this option is turned on fillet surfaces are recognized to be able to perform on or more of the following options: Prevent the main (long) edges of the fillets from being suppressed and also prevent the nodes of those edges from moving while fixing element quality Specify the number of elements across the width of the fillets for given fillet radii Specify the chordal deviation to be achieved while meshing

flange recognition

This option allows users to recognize geometry that represent flanges on sheet metal parts. Users can specify the minimum number of elements to be created along the width of the flange, and provide the minimum and maximum width of the flanges in their design process to recognize flanges correctly.

suppress beads

Turns on bead recognition and provides the option to suppress any beads with heights less than a specified value.

preserve rounded bead Enforces node placement along the midline of a rounded bead. midline suppress flanged holes When active, holes with small downward flanges will be recognized and those whose height is less than the specified value can be eliminated. edge fillets

This option allows users to remove any fillets/rounded edges located on free edges and having radii below a specified value.

remove logos

Small geometric features with specified size that represent company logos can be removed with this option.

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Create Mesh Options This option allows the Batchmesher to generate mesh on the cleaned-up model geometry. This is one of the main functions of Batchmesher and should be turned on by default. You can choose to turn off this option if you only want to perform geometry feature recognition and cleanup, and will mesh the model manually later. When this option is turned on the following parameters need to be set: element type

Type of elements to be created – mixed, quad or tria.

mesh flow:align

Produces a more orthogonal quad dominated mesh.

mesh flow:size

Enforces the global mesh element size with minimal min/max element size variation.

element order

Choose whether to create First or second order elements.

place elements in

Newly created elements can be placed in either the current component or original surfaces’ component.

optimized smoothing

After the surfaces are appropriately meshed, the nodes are optimized to improve element quality while maintaining geometry features. the smoothing options available are: None (no smoothing). Smooth only nodes that are within surfaces. The nodes on the edges of the surfaces are not moved. Smooth nodes along edges. This option also smoothes nodes within a surface. Nodes on the edges of surfaces are allowed to move along the edge to improve element quality. Smooth nodes across edges. This option also smoothes nodes within a surface. Nodes on the edges of surfaces are allowed to move along the edge, and across the edge to the neighboring surface if needed, to improve element quality

correct features: move across shared edges, max dist

Allows the nodes to move a certain distance across or away from the geometry shared edge by less than the predefined distance

correct features: move across free edges,max dist

Allows the nodes to move a certain distance across or away from the geometry free edge by less than the predefined distance

correct warped elements: offset nodes from surfs, max dist

Allows the nodes to move off the surface to meet the warpage criteria defined in the criteria file. The distance specified is the max distance the nodes can move off the surface.

correct warped

Allows quads to be split into trias to meet certain element criteria as

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elements: divide quads into trias

defined in the criteria file.

feature angle

The minimum angle to be maintained (rather than flattened) while performing element cleanup.

folding angle

Elements whose angle exceeds this value are considered folded over, and Batchmesher attempts to clean them up.

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Special Component Selection Options This option is used to handle two types of situations: 1.

When the model contains multiple parts of which not all are to be batch meshed. In that situation the names of the components that must be exempt from geometry cleanup should be listed, with this option turned on. The Batchmesher will still mesh those components but will not perform any geometry cleanup before meshing. The remaining components that are not specially listed will be batch meshed with the normal process, including geometry cleanup.

2.

When a user prefers to mesh his parts with multiple element sizes but still wants to maintain the transition at the common edges of the different sizes. In this case users should batchmesh one component with one parameter file, with this option turned on. Then, they should batchmesh the other component with a second mesh type, again with this option turned on.

For example: imagine you have a model in which you have two components—front_10 and rear_20—which share common surface edges, and you intend to mesh front_10 with element size 10 and rear_20 with element size 20. You can accomplish this by performing these steps: 1.

First create two sets of parameter/criteria files: One with target element size of 10 and the appropriate parameters. In this parameter file turn on the special component selection option Mesh selected components while maintaining connectivity to external mesh, and list front_10 in your component list. A second file with target element size of 20 and the appropriate parameters. Turn on the same special component selection option in this second parameter file, and list rear_20 in the component list.

2.

Secondly, create a mesh type (name it varyingsize) and assign the first set of criteria and parameter files. Create a second mesh type with the same name (varyingsize) and assign the second set of criteria and parameter files.

3.

Third, choose the geometry file to be batch meshed, assign it the varyingsize mesh type, and submit the job. This will mesh front_10 first with the first mesh type, and then take the results of this and mesh rear_20 with the second mesh type, while maintaining connectivity with the mesh created on front_10 by the first run.

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Editing Criteria Files This window allows you to load and save Quality Index criteria files, as well as view and modify their contents. Note

this editor is the same feature found in HyperMesh on the 2D page, quality index panel page 3, edit criteria… button.

The editor is a completely separate window from the rest of the HyperMesh environment, floating above the rest of the interface.

The active criteria file’s details display in a table format Use the file menu inside the criteria file editor window to: load a different criteria file save changes to the current criteria file save the current settings as a new criteria file exit (close) the editor The criteria file editor organizes quality criteria in a table format, with each check displayed in a vertical list and the controls and values associated with it listed to its left.

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You can edit each of the numerical values displayed in the editor. You can also choose whether or not to use each check for element quality criteria by checking or clearing the checkboxes for each quality check listed. Click advanced criteria table to access more settings for each check, including the different quality levels ("good", "pass", "fail", etc.) Finally, you can choose different solvers’ calculation methods for some of the checks such as aspect ratio or warpage, simply by picking the desired solvers from the list boxes. Note, however, that in order to use more than one solver’s methods, you must select individual methods from the list box on the checks line of the table. Different solvers’ methods are described in the topic How Element Quality is Calculated. Use the command buttons at the bottom of the window when finished editing: Click Apply to make HyperMesh start using the current criteria settings (including any changes that you have made). Click OK to make HyperMesh start using the current settings and close the editor. Click Cancel to close the editor, discarding any changes you made to the criteria.

Element Check Settings window quality index panel

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hw_batchmesh The hw_batchmesh program provides an interface for the HyperMesh BatchMesher features. You can call this program directly in graphical user interface mode, or in batch mode using the –nogui option. Syntax

hw_batchmesh arguments

Arguments

-cad_translator

Specifies the CAD file type. Legal values for "type" include: ug | catia | iges | hm | hma | proe | step.

-criteria_file

Complete path to the criteria input file.

-param_file

Complete path to the parameter input file.

-cad_model_file

Complete path to a single CAD input file.

-cad_model_dir

Complete path to a directory where files of the given CAD type exist.

-cad_model_ext

File extension to use when scanning the cad_model_dir for CAD input files.

-recurse

OPTIONAL - The boolean flag that specifies to get geometry files from sub-directories of the given cad_model_dir. Default is false.

-run_tcl_file

OPTIONAL - The tcl file with procedure specified in run_tcl_proc. NOTE: If run_tcl_file option is given then all other options except run_tcl_proc are ignored. This option will invoke tcl procedure specified in run_tcl_proc option.

-run_tcl_proc

OPTIONAL - The name of tcl procedure from file specified in run_tcl_file option. NOTE: The run_tcl_proc option is required if run_tcl_file option is selected.

-user_proc_file

OPTIONAL - The tcl file with set of command to specifying user-registred procedures. This option is deprecated and not recommended for new development. The user_procedure option may be used for user-registered procedures invoking. See User-registered Procedures.

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-user_procedure OPTIONAL – List of parameters: - Specifies the type of user registered procedure. Legal values for "proc_type " include: PRE_GEOMETRY_LOAD | PRE_BATCHMESH | POST_BATCHMESH. - Complete path to tcl script file with user specified procedure. - The name of user-registered procedure. - The list of arguments for userregistered procedure. Can be empty. Use back quotes if list contains more then one argument. The user_procedure option can be repeatedly used in one hw_batchmesh command. (one time for each proc_type). Also see User-registered Procedures. -work_dir

OPTIONAL - The directory where the BatchMesher will run. If not specified, the current working directory is selected.

-nogui

OPTIONAL - If not specified, the user interface of the BatchMesher is launched.

-help

OPTIONAL - Display usage information.

Returns

0 on success, "other" on failure.

Examples

hw_batchmesh –nogui –cad_translator catia –criteria_file / data/mycriteria.txt –param_file /data/myparams.txt – cad_model_file /data/fender.model Runs the BatchMesher (without any user interface) on the CATIA geometry in file/ data/fender.model using specified parameter and criteria files. hw_batchmesh –nogui –cad_translator catia –criteria_file / data/mycriteria.txt –param_file /data/myparams.txt – cad_model_dir /data/ -cad_model_ext "model" Runs the BatchMesher (without any user interface) on all the CATIA geometry in files with the extension .model in the /data/ directory using specified parameter and criteria files. hw_batchmesh

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Invokes the BatchMesher user interface where you can set up the required entries interactively. hw_batchmesh –nogui –cad_translator iges –criteria_file / data/mycriteria.txt –param_file /data/myparams.txt – cad_model_dir /data/ -cad_model_ext igs –recurse true Runs the BatchMesher (without any user interface) on all the IGES geometry in files with the extension .igs in the /data/ directory (and all of the subdirectories inside of it) using the specified parameter and criteria files. Comments

The –cad_model_file option cannot be used with the –cad_model_dir and -cad_model_ext options. The –cad_model_dir and -cad_model_ext options must be used together.

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BatchMesher Error Codes The following error codes may be encountered in BatchMesher: Code

Description

101

Wrong count of arguments for the hw_batchmesh script. Used only in the command line.

102

Missing major arguments for hw_batchmesh script. Used only in the command line.

103

The specified output directory does not exist. (See –work_dir option in hw_batchmesh hw_batchmesh). Used only in the command line.

104

Undefined major environment variable.

105

The specified input directory contains no model files (see -cad_model_dir in hw_batchmeshhw_batchmesh). Used only in the command line.

106

The custom pre/post-run tcl script contains an error.

107

At least three critical errors occurred during the meshing of one model.

111

HyperMesh executable file (hmopengl) is in the wrong path or inaccessible.

112

Wrong input geometry file path or file inaccessible during running hw_batchmesh script.

113

Wrong criteria file path or file inaccessible during running hw_batchmesh script.

114

Wrong parameters file path or file inaccessible during running hw_batchmesh script.

121

Either the time_limit.txt or result (*_res.txt) file was not created after the specified timeout (10 minutes by default).

132

Result file (*_res.txt) not found.

133

Error while reading the time_limit.txt file.

134

Abnormal termination of HyperMesh (hmopengl) process (possibly crashed).

135

The HyperMesh (hmopengl) process is frozen (possibly waiting for user input).

141

Wrong input geometry file path or file inaccessible from HyperMesh (hmopengl) process.

142

Wrong criteria file path or file inaccessible from HyperMesh (hmopengl) process.

143

Wrong parameters file path or file inaccessible from HyperMesh (hmopengl) process.

144

Error in HyperMesh geometry file or wrong file (see *readfile command)

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145

Error while importing of geometry file, or wrong file (see *feinput command)

146

Error reading the criteria file (see *readqualitycriteria command)

147

Error while running hw_batchmesh command. (See hw_batchmesh command and required arguments.)

148

Custom (Pre-Geom, Pre-Mesh, Post-Mesh) script error.

151

Licensing error (the feature you are trying to access is not supported by your license).

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Grid Computing with BatchMesher BatchMesher supports grid-based computing; the default grid is "PBS Pro". The "Grid" option is disabled by default in the BatchMesher’s base configuration (loaded from the hw_batchmesh.cfg file). To enable BatchMesher grid computing, select Load Config from the File menu and load the file hw_batchmesh_grid.cfg. This file is installed in the path: InstallationRootPath/altair/hwX.X/hm/batchmesh (for UNIX), or InstallationRootPath\altair\hwX.X\hm\batchmesh (for Windows) Where "X.X" is a number representing your HyperWorks version number (e.g. 7.1, 8.0, etc). After loading hw_batchmesh_grid.cfg, the Grid option displays alongside local in the File menu’s Run Options sub-menu. Once this option is activated, it will remain even if you load one or more subsequent different configuration files. To use the Grid option, you also need to modify/configure three default scripts: qsub.tcl, qstat.tcl, and qdel. tcl (all of which can be found in the same directory mentioned above). The exact script configuration depends on the grid system you use, and requires detailed knowledge of your current grid system. The three default scripts (qsub.tcl, qstat.tcl, qdel.tcl) were created for use with Unix PBS Pro clusters and will work without modification if your cluster configuration is similar to the default configuration. These scripts are described below:

Qsub.tcl This script creates a node-side script and submits the job to the computing grid. Format:

qs ub. t c l - bat c h_ar gs { BATCHARGS} - wor k _di r WORKDI R BATCHARGS is a command line for one batchmesh job contained in curly braces. This line is created by BMGUI, and has to be written to the node-side script). WORKDIR is the path for all result files.

Returns:

If an error is encountered at job submission, this script returns the word "error". Otherwise, it returns the unique JobID for the submitted job.

Example:

Command: qs ub. t c l - bat c h_ar gs { / homes / x s er v e1c / u/ us er name/ hw8. 0/ al t ai r / s c r i pt s / hw_bat c hmes h - nogui - c ad_t r ans l at or hm c r i t er i a_f i l e / homes / x s er v e1c / u/ us er name/ Conf i gs / nv h10. c r i t er i a - par am_f i l e / homes / x s er v e1c / u/ us er name/ Conf i gs / nv h10. par am - c ad_model _f i l e / homes / x s er v e1c / u/ us er name/ Model s / model . hm - nobg } - wor k _di r / homes / x s er v e1c / u/ us er name/ Bat c hmes hRes ul t s / bm_060209_001/

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Return: server1.1234

Qstat.tcl This script gets status information for jobs with specified JobIDs Format:

qs t at . t c l

J OBI Dl i s t

Where JOBIDlist is list of unique JobID’s for submitted jobs. Returns:

A list of JobId’s paired with Status mnemonics: "R" – job is running "Q" – job is queued, eligible to run "E" – job is exiting after having run "W" – job is waiting for idle resource "U" – status undefined (if status not one of "R", "Q", "E" or "W") "none" – information about job with JOBID was not found on GRID server.

Example:

Command: qs t at . t c l

1234 1235 1236 1239

Return: 1234 none 1235 R 1236 R 1239 Q

Qdel.tcl This script terminates jobs with specified JobID's. Format:

qdel . t c l

J OBI Dl i s t

Where JOBIDlist is a list of JobIDs for the submitted jobs Returns:

0 – if the jobs terminated without errors, or

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"none" – if jobs can not be terminated (or termination error) Example:

Command: qdel . t c l

1236 1248

Return: 0

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Connectors Connectors are special entities that define how different components or assemblies in the model are fastened to each other, including the connectors' degrees of motion and structural strength.

For more detail, see: Connector Entity Connector Definition Connector Terminology Connector Location Connector Realization Connector Rules Connector State Link Entity State Link Entity Number of Layers Re-connect Rules Connector Review Connectors User Control Mode Master Connectors File Multiple Weld File Format Spotweld Interface Import Templates FE Configuration File FE Definition Examples

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Connector Entity Connectors are geometric entities (not FE) used to create connections between components. Connectors are used to realize FE idealizations of the physical connection. Just as you create an FE mesh on a surface, you create FE connections by realizing a connector. The characteristics of connector entities can be divided into four categories: Connector Terminology Connector Definition Connector Realization Connector Review

Connectors are created and modified within the Connectors Module.

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Connector Definition The connector is simply a database of information defining a specific request for connection at a specific location. A connector definition describes the connector between multiple entities at a specific location. Entities that are to be connected are referred to as link entities. The connector location can be defined as a node or node list, a geometric point, a line or line list, a surface, or even as elements. In the following example, there are two components (Top and Bottom) that are to be connected at the location of a point (with an id of 10). In this case, both components are considered to be link entities, since they are to be linked together. The point defines the location of the connector.

After a connector is created, the connector icon is placed at point 10, and components 1 and 2 are incorporated into the request for connection. The following diagram shows the connector after it is created (with an id of 7) at the location of point 10 (point 10 is not visible).

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In this example, connector 7 has been defined and no welds have been created. The connector stores the following information: Which link entities the request for connection is to connect (Comp 1 and Comp 2) The thickness of the realization (Thickness = 2) Where to connect the link entities (the connector's current location) HyperMesh entities currently supported as link entities include ASSEMS, COMPS, ELEMS, SURFS, NODES, and TAGS. Any number of link entities of differing types can be added to a connector in any order. The connector sets the order of link entities during the realization process. The example above is a simple case where we have added two link entities of the same type (COMPS) to a single connector. For more detailed cases of connecting assemblies, see Example of Connecting Assemblies. Note:

An element-to-tag-to-component connector is possible, as is any other combination of the supported link entities.

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Example of Connecting Assemblies The projection behavior is illustrated with the following example. Suppose we have two assemblies [Assem 1 and Assem 2] each having two components [Assem 1 having “Comp 1” and “Comp 2”, Assem 2 contains “Comp 3” and “Comp 4”] in the model file. Create a Connector with the Links as [Assem 1 and Assem 2] with number of layers set to 3. (This case creates a a 3T connection with 2 links.) During Realization the closest found components residing inside the 2 assemblies will be retained as the component links. Inside each assembly a closest component to the connector is determined to satisfy a 2T connection and for the third layer (3T) the closest component to the connector in either of the assembly links is utilized.

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Connector Terminology Connector Location Connector Realization Connector Rules Connector State Link Entity State Link Entity Number of Layers Re-connect Rules

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Connector Location This is the position in space at which a connector entity is created. The valid entities that can be used to define the connector location depend on the connector type, as shown below:

Spots nodes

The connector icon is created at the node location.

points

The connector icon is created at the point location.

lines

The connector icon is created at the center of the selected line. Only one connector is created for each line, but the line may be split into multiple projection locations as specified by the offset, spacing, and density values.

nodelist

The nodelist can be considered as to be a line. The treatment is absolutely the same.

Bolts nodes

The connector icon is created at the node location.

points

The connector icon is created at the point location.

lines

The connector icon is created at the center of the selected line. Only one connector is created for each line, but the line may be split into multiple projection locations as specified by the offset, spacing, and density values. This connector is only used for repetitive holes in a certain, constant distance along the selected line.

Seams lines, linelist

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The connector icon is created at the center of the

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selected line. Only one connector is created for each line, but the line may be split into multiple projection locations as specified by the offset, spacing, and density values. nodelist

The nodelist can be considered as to be a line. The treatment is absolutely the same.

Areas elems

The connector icon is created at the elements location. Only one connector is created for each group of elements, but the area may be subdivided into multiple projection locations as specified by the nodes of the selected elements. The area can be remeshed to get different projection locations.

surfs

The connector icon is created at the surface location. Only one connector is created for each surface, but the area may be subdivided into multiple projection locations as specified by the mesh type and element size values. The area can be remeshed to get different projection locations.

linelists

One connector icon is created for each line. The line is extruded to an area considering the width and the offset values. The area may be subdivided into multiple projection locations as specified by the mesh type and element size values. The area can be remeshed to get different projection locations.

nodepath

The nodelist can be considered as to be a linelist. The treatment is absolutely the same.

Masses nodes

The connector icon is created at the node location.

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points

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The connector icon is created at the point location.

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Connector Realization During connector realization, welds are created using the connector definition. Note:

In HyperMesh, the only form of realization currently supported is fe realization (weld creation). For successful realization, the connector must be populated with all the relevant details required for its realization type. For example, fe realization requires the connector to be populated with a projection tolerance and an FE configuration type.

The following diagram shows connector 7 realized with a valid tolerance value, and a config value of type 70 (acm detached).

One advantage of separating weld FE realization from the connector definition, is that a connector can be rerealized as a weld of a different configuration (or possibly, a user-defined weld) without having to redefine the connector. If you edit the connector definition (i.e. add or delete a link entity from the connector), the connector removes the welds it created, and reverts back to an unrealized state. The connector is unrealized only if its user-control mode is turned off. By default, the connector mode is off but it can be turned on by registering custom FE with a connector. Connectors store all FE information that they create, allowing advanced find, mask, delete, and organizational functionality in a number of common panels. If the weld creation is unsuccessful (due to low tolerance, insufficient link entities, etc.) the connector icon is displayed as failed (red). An unrealized connector is yellow, a realized connector is green, and a failed connector is red. Realization can happen by more than one method; see How Realization is Determined for details.

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How HyperMesh determines realization Once the connector exists and is ready for realization, HyperMesh offers different routines how the realizations should occur. These different routines primarily affect the spot and seam connector realizations. Not all routines are available in every case; this depends on the selected realization type. The following tree shows a three-stage process used to select the best routine.

In stage 1, the type of realization is considered. If it’s a realization which doesn’t need any node connection and the connection is primarily defined via a solver-specific card, then use the mesh independent option (e. g. CWELDs for Nastran). This option also applies to realizations that use spider elements (e.g. RBE3s) for the head and the tail of the connection (e.g. ACMs in Nastran). In all other cases the mesh dependent option should be used. If the mesh dependent realization is selected, it must be decided in stage 2 whether or not to adjust the mesh or the realization. “Adjust mesh” means that the projection is done in a perpendicular way, and the mesh has to be adapted to the projection points. “Adjust realization” means that the mesh will not be modified, at the expense of non-normal or incomplete realizations. In stage 3, decide how the adjustment should take place. The following examples illustrate and explain the different options for realization methods.

Mesh independent:

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Mesh dependent – adjust mesh – quad transition:

The quad transition option creates perfectly shaped quad elements around the projection points. This also works for seam connectors. In the examples below, the generated quads are in a medium-blue shade:

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Mesh dependent – adjust mesh – remesh:

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The remesh option takes the projection points into account and performs a pure remesh around these points.

Mesh dependent – adjust realization – find nearest nodes:

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The find nearest node option doesn’t do any projection and searches for the nearest nodes within the given tolerance only. This makes it possible to easily connect t-joints and similar areas. It’s also very useful in situations where the connectors aren’t positioned perfectly. The realizations are allowed to be non-normal.

Mesh dependent – adjust realization – project and find nodes:

The project and find nodes option also allows non-normal realizations, but the projection has to be done in the first step. The nodes closest to the projection points will be used for the connection. If the projection is not possible, the realization fails as shown in the second example, where some connectors realized (green) but others did not (red) because they were outside the tolerance.

Mesh dependent – adjust realization – ensure projection:

The ensure projection option is comparable to the older use shell node option, which is no longer available . When using this option, the minimum condition for the realization is a possible projection. The realization will be performed in the direction from one projection point to the next. If the projection point is coincident with a shell node they will be equivalenced. Note that the difference between this option and the project and find nodes option above is that in this case, the realization passes directly through the connector while the project and find nodes option allows it to merely pass near the connector.

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HiLock Realization The HiLock realization can be used for any more or less parallel combination of PSHELL and PCOMP elements. It creates a 1D element construct existing out of RBAR, CBAR and CBUSH elements.

The outer extensions represent the thicknesses of the outer shell elements. The inner nodes of the RBAR element are connected to the shell elements whereas the inner nodes of the CBAR elements are coincident to the shell nodes. Between the appropriate connected and coincident nodes CBUSHes are created. Each outer node connects one CBAR and one RBAR. Each HiLock connection gets an own coordinate system with the z-axis collinear to the HiLock direction. All affected nodes are assigned to this coordinate system, which is taken into account for the DOF definition of the CBAR elements, the stiffness calculation of the CBUSH elements, and the DOF of the node constraint. This realization uses the shell properties and materials (PSHELL or PCOMP) and a predefined HiLock material to calculate the exact position of the outer nodes and the stiffnesses of the PBUSH elements.

Details and Requirements Certain conditions must be met for reliable realization: The joined shells should be parallel to each other and planar. The fastener should be perpendicular to the shells.

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The z-axis of the element system, the material system, and the fastener system should be collinear. Stiffness is calculated assuming that the shells are perfectly planar and parallel. Small deviations will produce insignificant changes in predicted stiffness, but larger ones would require a system transformation. The shell elements which share a node with the HiLock (separate for each layer) should have the same properties, same materials, same material orientations, and similar sizes. The attributes of the element upon which the projection falls is assumed to be the same as the other surrounding elements (no averaging method is used.) If attributes necessary for the stiffness calculation are missing, the connector fails and an error message displays in the status bar. The realization requires available nodes near the connector position. If there aren’t sufficient nodes available, the elements are split at the position of the projection points. However, material orientation is lost when elements are split, so this results in a failed connector in the case of PCOMP elements. Thus, you must define or check the material orientation of any new nodes in this region; once this is complete, a second realization attempt should succeed.

Organization and Definition of HiLock Realization All HiLock elements (RBARs, CBARs, CBUSHs) created during the realization process are organized into a component named HiLock. The following property collectors are created: HiLock_PBAR_: This property collector is created with the PBAR card associated with it. The RBAR elements reference this property. The attributes are calculated depending on the diameter specified in the spot panel during realization. HiLock_PBUSH__: These property collectors are created with the PBUSH card associated with them. The CBUSH elements reference this property. The attributes are calculated depending on a predefined HiLock material and the properties and materials of the connected shells (PSHELL and/or PCOMP). The following load collector will be created: HiLock_SPC6: the SPCs which are created for each HiLock are moved into it. The following system collector will be created: HiLock: the systems created during the realizations will be moved into this collector. If this system collector already exists, any newly created systems will be moved into the same collector. The following material will be created: HiLock_MAT1: This material will be assigned to the PBAR cards. The material is predefined in the HiLock property script: . . . \hm\scripts\connectors\prop_opt_nas_hilock.tcl The predefined values are:

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set E 1.6e+07 set G 4.7e+04 set NU 0.330 set RHO 8.9e-09 set A 1.7e-05

Calculation of Stiffness in Composite Parts After summation of bearing stiffness of plies where n = number of plies in the composite plate:

Combined translational bearing stiffness of the joint at ply i location in directions x and y:

Transformed reduced stiffness in x and y-direction for ply i:

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Where

(theta = angle of orientation for ply i)

And nonzero components of the reduced stiffness matrix for ply i are:

Rotational bearing stiffness in plate-fastener contact:

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Combined translational bearing stiffness at metallic plate with fastener contact:

Where t = thickness of metallic part E = elastic compression modulus of metallic (isotropic) part v = Poisson's ratio

Rotational bearing stiffness at metallic plate with fastener contact:

Where t = thickness of metallic part E = elastic compression modulus of metallic (isotropic) part

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v = Poisson's ratio

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Connector Rules Connector Rules shape the definition of a connector entity. none

The connector is created with no link entities and no thickness defined. In this state, the connector must first be updated with more information before it can be successfully realized.

now

This option requires link entities to be specified before the connector is created. The link entities are added to the connector based on the usersupplied criteria.

at fe realize

For this option, the connector only remembers what type of link entity it is to connect, rather than a specific link entity. During the fe realize process, the connector searches the HyperMesh database to generate the best (usually the closest) link entity it can using the supplied information.

Note:

The connector rules (connect when:) option is set when creating the connector, or on add links panel.

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Connector State The connector state is defined as one of the following types: unrealized

The initial definition of the connector entity after it is created. The connector is displayed in yellow.

realized

The connector is considered realized only if weld creation at the connector was successful. The connector is displayed in green.

failed

The connector is considered failed if the weld creation at the connector was not successful. The connector is displayed in red.

Note:

The color code provides an easier way to visualize and filter connectors based on their state.

A connector that was realized can revert back to being unrealized if, for example, a link entity is suppressed from its definition, or the weld element is deleted.

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Link Entity State Specifies if the entity referenced by the link entity is meshed or unmeshed. geom

Specifies that the entity needs to be connected (welded) using its geometry (connect surfaces only).

elems

Specifies that the entity needs to be connected (welded) using its mesh.

Note:

Both states are applicable to assemblies, components and surfaces only. The elems option connects the mesh on the assembly, component or surface and the geom option connects the geometry on the assembly, component or surface. For all other link entities only the elems state is applicable. The states are added to the connector entity.

The link entity state options for assemblies, components and surfaces are set when creating the connector, or on the add links panel. The state can be edited/updated in the lower part of the connector browser as well. Therefore the extended information has to be activated in the browser configuration.

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Link Entity A reference to a separate entity that can be added to a connector. The entities to which the link entities refer are welded together during realization. The following entities are supported. assemblies

Assemblies can be used to connect elements or surfaces. A group of parts that needs to be welded is often represented as an assembly.

components

Components can be used to connect elements or surfaces. A part that needs to be welded is often represented as a component.

elements

An element facilitates a patch-patch weld connector.

surfaces

Surfaces can be used to create welds to connect geometry before meshing; the welds create fixed points for the mesh. The connected surfaces may be either meshed or unmeshed.

nodes

A node facilitates a node-node weld connector.

tags

The tag entity can be used to define a weld connector for a node or an element that it holds.

Note:

Only nodes, tags, elements, surfaces, components and assemblies can be added to connectors. The connectors can hold a single entity or a combination of these entities. The link entity options are set when creating the connector, or on the add links panel. The link entity can be edited/updated in the lower part of the connector browser as well.

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Number of Layers The total number of thicknesses (layers) to connect at the connector. total T

Note:

Sets the number of thickness to connect (2T/3T/4T/nT) for spots and bolts. This value influences the number of welds or bolts created at a connector, and defaults to "2" for all seam and area connectors. For apply mass connectors a limit for entities can be set, but this is optional. Sets the total number of link entities that can be added to the connector. The number of link entities added to a connector is always less than or equal to the total thickness.

The number of layers option is set when creating the connector, or on add links panels. The number of layers can be edited/updated in the lower part of the connector browser as well.

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Re-connect Rules Defines how a connector should protect its link entity information. none

If a link entity references a entity that is removed from the database, the link entity is then removed from the connector.

by id

If a link entity references a entity that is removed from the database, the link entity retains the ID of the entity. The link entity remains in the connector.

by name

Same as the by id rule except that the entity name is retained.

Note:

These rules are useful for applications such as part replacement. A part can be added to a connector with the use id or use name reconnect rule and can be replaced with a redesigned part with the same ID or name, without having to change the connector definition.

The re-connect rule options are set when creating the connector, or on the add links panel. The re-connect rule can be edited/updated in the lower part of the connector browser as well; therefore the extended information has to be activated in the browser configuration.

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Connector Review There are many advantages to the way connectors store information. Not only does this local storage allow you to edit the connector definition, it also allows you to review connector details and the quality of the realization. There are a number of tools that can be useful in the review process. The connector visualization controls allow you to update the visual appearance of a connector based on its state, thickness (number of layers), style (connector types), or the component in which it is located. In addition, the visualization controls also allow you to filter the displayed connectors by various criteria (such as thickness). This filter can then be used store the "displayed" connectors for use in other functions. HyperMesh also includes a Connector Browser that contains a list of all connectors and their definitions, as well as a list of connector links. The quality panel allows you to check the quality of welds created from the connectors. The connector database can also be queried through Tcl functions.

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Connectors User Control Mode Each individual connector can be placed in a user control mode using either the *CE_SetSpecificDetailById or *CE_SetSpecificDetail commands. This user control mode is most useful for automated Tcl scripts. Once in user control mode, the following procedures are possible for a given connector: Pre-existing FE can be registered as a given connector’s realization by using the *CE_FE_Register command. Connectors can be edited without automatically unrealizing (as happens most notably when a link is added or removed from a connector, or when an FE realization entity is deleted). A connector’s state can be manually changed from realized to failed, or from failed to realized by using either the *CE_SetSpecificDetailById or *CE_SetSpecificDetail commands. A connector’s state will not change to or from the unrealized state using this method. Once a connector is placed into the user control mode, the user control mode remains active until an unrealize command is called (such as *CE_Unrealize), an already realized connector is re-realized, or the user control mode is manually turned off with either the *CE_SetSpecificDetailById or *CE_SetSpecificDetail commands. While a given connector is in user control mode, it may not behave the same as a normal connector. Specifically, there are a number of scenarios where a usercontrolled connector will not auto unrealize in response to database changes that would cause a normal connector to auto unrealize. Note:

It is strongly recommended that when FE is registered to a user-controlled connector, that the connector links and other necessary details should also be set with a given connector (so that the connector can properly re-realize if a user interactively requests it to). At the bare minimum, connectors should know which links they are to connect.

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Master Connectors File Most of the information stored in the connector entity can be exported to a master connectors file. This file contains connector entity information such as location, link entity, link entity state, link entity rules (see Connector Terminology). The exported file may also contain metadata information stored in the connector. The master connectors file contains welding information at a given location and also assists in the weld automation process. An exported master connectors file can be re-imported using the connectors reader to re-create connectors. The master connectors file is exported in a single format. Master connectors files can have comments beginning with the characters # or $, or there can be blank lines in between. The format of the file is fixed and the order of heading definitions cannot be changed. The column information is includes: Index (ID) Number of Layers X coordinate Y coordinate Z coordinate FE Config FE Type Number of Links Link Type Link ID & Link Name Link State Link Rule METADATA

Notes: The header at the beginning of the file specifies information about the column data. Number of layers defines the thickness to connect at the specified location (X, Y, Z). The data between the brackets are repeated for each link entity. For standard FE types such as ACM and CWELD, the FE Config will have a number of 1001, which defines the user-defined type number specified in FE Config File. The FE Type will be the number defined in the FE Config File (for CWELD it is 72). For a detailed explanation of custom FE Configurations see FE Configuration File. The data between the brackets (link entity information) in the table are repeated for the number of links (NumLinks). The NumLinks variable must be equal to the number of link entities. Metadata is an attribute type that can be stored on a entity. User-defined information (such as Station ID or Gun ID) can be stored on the connector entity as Metadata. The Metadata is defined

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by a name-value pair and is supported for multiple data types (int, double, string, etc.). The Metadata name is written to the master connectors file in the following format ~Name. represents whether the value associated is a single variable or an array. represents the type of data stored in the value. For example, a Metadata of name Assembly containing an array of integers is written out as ~AIAssembly. The only delimiter supported in the entire file is the double semicolon "::". The entire column of data in the file should be of the same type. The connectors reader uses the templex template to read the master connectors file. See weld templates for more information. By default, the file is read through the HMIN function call, HMIN_CE_CreateDefined. The connector entity is created with the information specified in the master connectors file and displayed as unrealized (yellow).

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Multiple Weld File Format In addition to the master connectors file, the connectors reader also supports master weld file formats previously supported by the spotweld reader.

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Spotweld Interface The spotweld feinput translator reads weld information from an ASCII file, such as a Master Weld File. HyperMesh supports multiple formats for master weld files through weld templates. The weld template is specific for a given format. The spotweld translator registers the template through a spotweld configuration file. The currently supported master weld file format templates and the configuration file can be found in the spotweld_format directory. In order to use a different format you must create a weld template and add its name and path to the configuration file. Existing weld templates can be copied and modified to support the new format. The outline of a generic master weld file is provided below: Point ID Layer information (the number of thickness it connects 2T/3T/4T. Max layers supported 4T) Spotweld location (X, Y, Z) Connector part IDs (HyperMesh Component/Part IDs) The delimiter between fields can be ":", ",", " ". ASCII files can have comments beginning with the characters # or $, or there can be blank lines in between. The spotweld translator reads information from the master weld file and stores it in the database. At each of the weld locations, an HM_POINT is created.

Weld Template and Master Weld File Example The example below helps create a weld template for specific formats. Master Weld File: #Weld format 1. #Point Id::

T::

1::

X::

Y::

Z::

2::

2.000::

PID1:: 3.000::

PID2:: 4.000: :

PID3:: 12:: 14::

20::

Weld Template: int num header { type "SPOTWELDS" set mark find "[0-9]+::" rewind set num = 0 if { do 1000000 { if

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{ isdigit } then { set num = sum(num, 1) } readln null } } set numrecords = num set numrequests = 9 requests "ID/T/X/Y/Z/PID1/PID2/PID3/PID4" set numcomponents = 1 components "Value" } record if { do 1000000 { if { isdigit } then isalpha } readln null } } read request // ID qfind "::" set mark read request //T rewind read num qfind "::" read request // X qfind "::" read request // Y qfind "::" read request // Z do num { qfind "::" read request // PID } set num = diff(4, num) do num { read constant 0 // fake PID } readln null }

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FE Configuration File The FE configuration file (feconfig.cfg) is used to define custom welds such as ACM (Area Contact Method) and other special types. The weld definition is solver dependant (NASTRAN, LS-DYNA, etc.). The weld definition in the file includes the type of weld to create and the surrounding connector to shells. The specific solver template for the type of weld must be loaded before the welds can be created using a connector entity. By default, the feconfig.cfg file from the /hm/bin directory is loaded in each of the panels related to each connector type (e.g. Spot, Seam, Area, etc). The FE configuration file has a pre-defined format that must be used to define different weld configurations. See FE Configuration Examples for information regarding the format and options for custom weld definition.

Weld Definition Template The weld definition template is shown below:

CFG *filter [] *style < STYLE_TYPE> *head *body [] [ []] *post

The template key words and their parameters are defined below.

CFG

The key word to start a custom weld definition. SOLVER

The solver template for which FE needs to be created. Supported solvers are: Abaqus, Ansys, LS-DYNA, Nastran, OptiStruct, PAMCRASH, or PAM-CRASH 2G.

USER_FE_TYPE

A unique (with respect to a solver) user defined configuration type id. Customer-defined CFGs should use numbers greater than 10,000 to ensure no collisions with future native HM CFGs.

USER_FE_NAME

The user-specified name for the FE configuration. The specified

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name is saved and displayed in the Connector Browser. Note:

This should be the first line in the custom weld definition.

*filter

This option can be used to allow only the specified connector types to realize the configuration. For example, *FILTER spot seam indicates that this configuration can be realized only by the spot and seam connector types. In addition, this option is used as a filter when displaying FE configurations in the type = field of respective realize panels. *filter lines also set which panel the CFG is visible in. CE_TYPE

The connector type--Spot, Bolt, Seam, Area, etc.

*style

This option indicates that the configurations have specific behaviors associated during realization, and that they are native types. Note:

The style definition line for these configurations must not be edited.

For example, *style bolt 1 indicates that this is a bolt connection of type 1 that creates a specific bolted connection between the parts. STYLE_TYPE

The connector style name, such as "adhesive", "bolt", "acm", "quad", "continuous", etc.

STYLE_NUM

The connector style number: Adhesive: "1" Mesh independent adhesive nodes tie to shells with RBE3/RBE2. "2" Forces shell gap length on. Adhesive (HEXA element) shares nodes with shell at co-incident locations. Bolt: "0" normal bolt: "wagon wheels" in the holes. "1" symmetrical spider bolt. "2" unsymmetrical spider bolt: the middle node is biased towards one hole. "3" cylinder bolt: ties together all nodes within virtual cylinder. ACM:

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"1" The nodes of HEXA element are shared for consecutive layers (> 2T) and the length of HEXA is average of part thickness. "2" The HEXA elements in consecutive layers have unique nodes and the length of HEXA is average of part thickness. "3" The nodes of HEXA element are shared for consecutive layers and the length of HEXA is the gap distance b/w parts. Quad: "1" Two sets of QUAD4 elements are created, first along projection direction and second at an orientation determined by average part thickness. "2" One set of QUAD4 elements are created at an orientation determined by average part thickness.

*head

The string head is required to specify that a rigid is to be created to connect the weld node to the surrounding shell element. *head lines must be followed with at most one HM_FE_CONFIG line. HM_FE_CONFIG

The config for the rigid currently supported. The various types supported are "bar2", "bar3", "equations", "gap", "hex8"(3D), "plot", "mass"(0D), "rigid", "rigidlink", "rbe3", "rod", "spring", "weld", "quad4"(2D seam only), or "penta6"(3D adhesive only).

HM_FE_TYPE

A unique (with respect to a solver) user defined configuration type id defined in the solver template.

RIGID_FLAG

Defines the number and arrangement of rigids. 0

a single rigid.

1

multiple rigids.

2

multiple rigids to outer shell nodes (for 2D bolt washers only).

3

multiple rigids to outer alternate shell nodes (for 2D bolt washers only).

10 multiple rigids with a 0 length leg connecting with body (for bolt only). 12 multiple rigids to inner and outer shell nodes (for 2D bolt washers only). 13 multiple rigids to inner and outer alternate shell nodes (for 2D bolt washers only).

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DOFS

The degrees of freedom of the rigid (1-6). This parameter is optional.

*body

The string body is required to specify that a weld is to be created to connect the link entities added to the connector. *body lines may be followed by one or more HM_FE_CONFIG lines BODY_FLAG

The body flag is used to calculate the length of the weld. If the body flag = 0, the length is calculated based on the distance between the connecting layers (link entities). If the body flag = 1, the length is calculated based on the average thickness of the connecting layers (link entities).

HM_FE_CONFIG

The config for the rigid currently supported. The various types supported are "bar2", "bar3", "equations", "gap", "hex8"(3D), "plot", "mass"(0D), "rigid", "rigidlink", "rbe3", "rod", "spring", "weld", "quad4"(2D seam only), or "penta6"(3D adhesive only).

HM_FE_TYPE

The solver defined type for the HyperMesh config. For example, CBUSH is of config spring and type 6. The type number is defined in respective solver templates and differs, based on the solver.

LENGTH_LOCATION_ 0D Element Details: supported values = 0, 1, or 2 FLAG "0" places the 0D element along the proposed 1D element path. If this 0D element is the only config given in the *body, then it is placed at the center of the proposed 1D element path. "1" has the same behavior as "0" except only a single 0D element is created even if multiple bodies are created (as happens in >2T welds). "2" places the 0D element at the connector location. 1D Element Details: supported values = from 0 to 1 (inclusive), 2, 3 "0" forces zero length welds. >"0" but 2T welds) and "2" places the 0-D element at the connector location.

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Abaqus Connector Types Abaqus fastener CFG abaqus 3 fastener *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 13 3 *post prop_fastener.tcl Description: Creates a CONN3D2 element. This realization also the prop_fastener.tcl property script. This script is used while creating Abaqus Fasteners in the spot weld panel. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized weld elements into their respective components, based upon the link they are connected to. Thus, if a weld is created between comp_1(1) and comp_2(2), the script creates a component collector with the name HM_C_ and organizes all the welds created as links between these two components into this collector. This collector is later referenced as the element set while creating the Groups (Interfaces). Creates the following properties/materials collectors: -

HM_M_: This material collector is created with the *CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR card associated with it.

-

HM_C_: This properties collector is created with the CONNECTOR SECTION card associated with it. It has the above created weld component [HM_C_1_2] associated with it as its Element set, and has the HM_M_ material collector associated with it as a weld behavior.

-

HM_P_: This property collector is created with the *FASTENER PROPERTY card associated with it. It has the RADIUS and the DOF values of the fastener inside it. This property is associated to the Fastener Group at a later stage.

Creates Groups (interfaces) with the name HM_G_ and with the *FASTENER card associated with it. This interface has its Reference set to the above created element set (HM_C_1_2) and the property associated with it will be HM_P_. It can also show the link elements to which the weld elements are linked via the Automatic_Surface_from_components option. If any System option (Single System ,1- System per layer or 2- Systems per layer) is used in the spot weld panel during realization, this script also creates ORIENTATION systems in the current collector with the name HM_ORI_n, organizes the systems created during realization into the respective system collectors, and updates some attributes of each system card. Theses system collectors are then referenced in the above created property collector [HM_C_].

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Abaqus acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) CFG abaqus 4 acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) *filter spot *style acm 1 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 hex8 1 1 *post prop_abaqus_acm.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with DCOUP3D elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization uses the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset from the shell elements. In the case where the model is a 3T connection, the acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) realization will join the hexa elements. This realization uses the prop_abaqus_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creating acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) / (detached-(T1+T2)/2) /shell gap in the spot weld panel and adhesives in the area panel. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized weld elements [acm Equivalence-(T1+T2/2)] into the respective components based upon the *HEAD and the *BODY information of the weld. During realization of this configuration type a solid hexa element [C3D8] is connected to the shell elements by the rbe3 elements [DCOUP3D ]. -

A collector with the name C3D8_comp_ is created with the SOLIDSECTION card image associated with it. This component contains all of the solid C3D8 elements which are created during realization.

-

A collector with the name DCOUP3D_comp_ is created, containing all of the DCOUP3D elements created as the heads to the weld element.

If this script is called during the realization of adhesives in the Area panel, this script creates the above two components by different names: hexa_comp_ for the Hexa elements rbe2_comp_ for the rbe elements The script also creates a property collector named prop_, with the SOLIDSECTION card image associated to it. This property collector is referenced to the component containing the Hexa elements created during realization process (i.e. C3D8_comp_ in the case of spots, or hexa_comp_ in the case of adhesives).

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1852 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Abaqus acm (detached-(T1+T2)/2) CFG abaqus 70 acm (detached(T1+T2)/2) *filter spot *style acm 2 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 1 hex8 1 1 *post prop_abaqus_acm.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with DCOUP3D elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization uses the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset from the shell elements. In the case where the model is a 3T connection, the acm (detached-(T1+T2)/2) realization will not join the hexa elements. This realization uses the prop_abaqus_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creating acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) / (detached-(T1+T2)/2) /shell gap in the spot weld panel and adhesives in the area panel. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized weld elements [acm Equivalence-(T1+T2/2)] into the respective components based upon the *HEAD and the *BODY information of the weld. During realization of this configuration type a solid hexa element [C3D8] is connected to the shell elements by the rbe3 elements [DCOUP3D ]. -

A collector with the name C3D8_comp_ is created with the SOLIDSECTION card image associated with it. This component contains all of the solid C3D8 elements which are created during realization.

-

A collector with the name DCOUP3D_comp_ is created, containing all of the DCOUP3D elements created as the heads to the weld element.

If this script is called during the realization of adhesives in the Area panel, this script creates the above two components by different names: hexa_comp_ for the Hexa elements rbe2_comp_ for the rbe elements The script also creates a property collector named prop_, with the SOLIDSECTION card image associated to it. This property collector is referenced to the component containing the Hexa elements created during realization process (ie C3D8_comp_ in the case of spots, or hexa_comp_ in

1853 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

the case of adhesives).

Abaqus acm (shell gap) CFG abaqus 71 acm (shell gap) *filter spot *style acm 3 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 hex8 1 1 *post prop_abaqus_acm.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with DCOUP3D elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization does not use the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset, therefore the hexa will project and be touching the shell elements. This realization uses the prop_abaqus_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creating acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) / (detached-(T1+T2)/2) /shell gap in the spot weld panel and adhesives in the area panel. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized weld elements [acm Equivalence-(T1+T2/2)] into the respective components based upon the *HEAD and the *BODY information of the weld. During realization of this configuration type a solid hexa element [C3D8] is connected to the shell elements by the rbe3 elements [DCOUP3D ]. -

A collector with the name C3D8_comp_ is created with the SOLIDSECTION card image associated with it. This component contains all of the solid C3D8 elements which are created during realization.

-

A collector with the name DCOUP3D_comp_ is created, containing all of the DCOUP3D elements created as the heads to the weld element.

If this script is called during the realization of adhesives in the area panel, this script creates the above two components by different names: hexa_comp_ for the Hexa elements rbe2_comp_ for the rbe elements The script also creates a property collector named prop_, with the SOLIDSECTION card image associated to it. This property collector is referenced to the component containing the Hexa elements created during realization process (ie C3D8_comp_ in the case of spots, or hexa_comp_ in

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1854 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

the case of adhesives).

Abaqus sealing CFG abaqus 5 sealing *filter spot *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 rod 13 1

Description: Creates DCOUP3D elements for the head and element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements.

Abaqus bush CFG abaqus 6 bush *filter spot *head rigidlink 1 1 *body 0 rod 13 1 Description: Creates KINCOUP elements for the head and element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements.

Abaqus bolt (b31)

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Altair Engineering

CFG abaqus 7 bolt (b31) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 12 *body 0 bar2 9 1 *post prop_abaqus_b31.tcl

Description: Creates KINCOUP elements for the head and B31 element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements that form the hole, and also to the second row of nodes to form the washer layer. The connector location can be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two, holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. This connector also uses the script prop_abaqus_b31.tcl. This script updates the direction nodes of a group of bar elements created during realization to use the y axis. The *bardirectionupdate command is called to update the orientation node of bar element along Y-axis.

Abaqus hinge (b31) CFG abaqus 8 hinge (b31) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 12 *body 0 bar2 9 1 dofs=4 *post prop_abaqus_b31.tcl

Description: Creates KINCOUP elements for the head and B31 element for the body. The rot x degree of freedom is constrained. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements that form the hole, and also to the second row of nodes to form the washer layer. The connector location can be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes, or on the second row

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1856 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

of nodes which form the washer layer. This connector also uses the script prop_abaqus_b31.tcl. This script updates the direction nodes of a group of bar elements created during realization to use the y axis. The *bardirectionupdate command is called to update the orientation node of bar element along Y-axis.

Abaqus clip CFG abaqus 50 clip *filter bolt *style bolt 1 *head *body 0 rigidlink 1 2

Description: Creates a KINCOUP element. The element projects and connects to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements that form the hole, and also the nodes that form the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes, or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Abaqus adhesives

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Altair Engineering

CFG abaqus 9 adhesives *filter area *style adhesive 1 *head rbe3 1 0 rigid 1 0 *body 1 hex8 1 1 penta6 1 1 *post prop_abaqus_acm.tcl Description: Creates a row of hexa/penta elements for the body and numerous DCOUP3D/KINCOUP elements for the head. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements. If there is a direct normal projection then a KINCOUP element will be used, if there are only non-normal projections then DCOUP3D elements will be created. The hexa/penta elements are projected so that they touch the shell elements of the connecting components. This realization uses the prop_abaqus_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creating acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) / (detached-(T1+T2)/2) /shell gap in the spot weld panel and adhesives in the area panel. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized weld elements [acm Equivalence-(T1+T2/2)] into the respective components based upon the *HEAD and the *BODY information of the weld. During realization of this configuration type a solid hexa element [C3D8] is connected to the shell elements by the rbe3 elements [DCOUP3D ]. -

A collector with the name C3D8_comp_ is created with the SOLIDSECTION card image associated with it. This component contains all of the solid C3D8 elements which are created during realization.

-

A collector with the name DCOUP3D_comp_ is created, containing all of the DCOUP3D elements created as the heads to the weld element.

If this script is called during the realization of adhesives in the area panel, this script creates the above two components by different names: hexa_comp_ for the Hexa elements rbe2_comp_ for the rbe elements The script also creates a property collector named prop_, with the SOLIDSECTION card image associated to it. This property collector is referenced to the component containing the Hexa elements created during realization process (ie C3D8_comp_ in the case of spots, or hexa_comp_ in the case of adhesives).

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1858 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Abaqus rbe3 (load transfer) CFG abaqus 31 rbe3 (load transfer) *filter spot *style mpc 1 *head *body 0 rbe3 1 1 dofs=123 Description: Creates DCOUP3D elements for the body. The degrees of freedom are constrained in the x, y, and z axes for the dependant nodes.

1859 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

LS-DYNA Connector Types dyna rigid (crbody) CFG dyna 5 rigid (crbody) *filter spot *head *body 0 rigid 2 1 *post prop_rigid_crbody.tcl Description: Creates a RgdBody element for the body. This realization also uses the prop_rigid_crbody.tcl property script. This script updates mesh-dependent rigid welds > 2T into rigidlinks sharing a node. This is a requirement for the LS-DYNA *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY definition.

dyna ConNode (spider) CFG dyna 56 ConNode (spider) *filter bolt *style bolt 2 *head *body 0 rigidlink 1 1 Description: Creates a ConNode rigidlink element for the body. It connects to the nearest node to the connector position and then projects to the nearest nodes on the adjoining elements of the connected components.

dyna RgdBody (spider)

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1860 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG dyna 57 RgdBody (spider) *filter bolt *style bolt 2 *head *body 0 rigidlink 2 1

Description: Creates a RgdBody rigidlink element for the body. It connects to the nearest node to the connector position and then projects to the nearest nodes on the adjoining elements of the connected components. If holes are detected the nodes on the edges are connected.

dyna RgdBody (spider+washer) CFG dyna 57 RgdBody (spider+washer) *filter bolt *style bolt 21 *head *body 0 rigidlink 2 1

Description: Creates a RgdBody rigidlink element for the body. It connects to the nearest node to the connector position and then projects to the nearest nodes on the adjoining elements of the connected components. If holes are detected the nodes on the edges and the washer nodes are connected.

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Altair Engineering

dyna adhesive (shell gap) CFG dyna 121 adhesive (shell gap) *filter area *style adhesive 2 *head *body 1 hex8 1 1 penta6 1 1 Description: Creates a row of hexa/penta elements. The hexa/penta elements are projected so that they touch the shell elements of the connecting components.

dyna mat100 CFG dyna 100 mat100 *filter spot *head *body 0 bar2 1 1 *post prop_dyna_matnum.tcl Description: Creates a BEAM element for the body and plot elements for the head, the plot elements are created for visualization purposes and find operations. This realization also uses the prop_dyna_matnum.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of mat100/mat100 (hexa)/mat196 custom config welds in the spot weld panel. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized weld elements to the respective components based upon the link they are connected to and based upon the realization used. If a weld is created as mat100 between comp_1(id1) and comp_2(id2), it will create a component collector with the name C_^__BEAM_100 and organize all of the welds created as links between these two components into this collector.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1862 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

If a weld is created as mat100 between the three components comp_1(id1), comp_2(id2) and comp_3 (id3), it will create two component collectors, C_^_1W__BEAM_100 and C_^_1W__BEAM_100. The suffix is based on the realization type: Mat100: _BEAM_100 Mat100 (hexa): _SOLID Mat196: _BEAM_196 This collector is later referenced as the weld element set while creating the groups (contact) definition. This script will create the following properties/materials collectors: -

M_^_< MAT100 or MAT196> or M_^_1W__: These material collectors are created upon the selection of the configuration type by the user with the MAT100 or the MAT196 card. The values for the cards are read from the *.ini file. These material collectors are referenced in the above created appropriate components. #MATERIAL STRENGTH LOOKUP TABLE # FIRST NUMBER INDICATES NUMBER OF LEVELS # SECOND NUMBER INDICATES MULTIPLIER FOR SIGY OF NUGGET #MIN

MAX

k

n

a

b

# MIN

MAX

k

n

a

b

*SIGY

4

1.85

0

0.20

4.0000

1.9000

10.5000

-4.000

0.20

0.40

4.2000

1.9500

12.000

-3.000

0.40

0.80

4.5000

1.9500

14.200

-2.000

0.80

0.90

4.7000

1.9900

16.500

-1.0000

#LAST LINE:

-

NUMBER

9.00

P_^_ or P_^_1W_: These

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property collectors are created with the *SECTION_BEAM or *SECTION_SOLID card associated with them. These property collectors are referenced in the above created appropriate components. # SAMPLE MATERIAL THICKNESS LOOKUP TABLE: # NUMBER INDICATES NUMBER OF LEVELS #LAST LINE: *THICKN ESS

5

0

0.1

0.1 2 5

0.1

0.5

0.2 5

0.5

1.0

0.7 5

1.0

1.5

1.2 5

1.5

2.0

17.

2.0 7 5

This script also creates the necessary group (contact) definition upon the selection of the configuration type. For mat100 and mat196 a group named C_Contact_Spotweld_ and/or for mat100 (hexa) a group named C_Contact_Tied_Shell_Edge_To_Surface_ is/are created. These interfaces are defined with the appropriate solver cards and reference the following master (MSID) and slave (SSID) sets: -

For the *CONTACT_SPOTWELD_ID card the following FS and FD are set to 0.1.

-

For the *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_ID card FS and FD are set to 0.1 as well. Additionally the values for variable SST and MST in the card image are set to 0.010. These values will override the thickness and establish the tied connection.

The script creates sets by the name C_S_^Part__Contact_ and C_S_^Weld__Contact_. The configuration types mat100 and mat196 share the same sets, while the configuration type mat100 (hexa) gets a different pair of sets. The former set contains the parts to which the welds are connected and the latter contains the weld components created during realization process. The part sets is defined as master in the appropriate contact definition, the weld set as slave. In addition, for the mat100 (hexa) realization a set for each hexa cluster is created and named CE_HEXSW_. All these sets get a card *DEFINE_HEX_SPOTWELD_ASSEMBLY_ associated with them.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1864 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is mat100/mat100 (hexa)/mat196

dyna mat100 (hexa) CFG dyna 101 mat100 (hexa) *filter spot *head *body 0 hex8 1 1 *post prop_dyna_matnum.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with plot elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization does not use the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset, therefore the hexa will project and be touching the shell elements. This realization also uses the prop_dyna_matnum.tcl property script. Organizes the realized weld elements to the respective components based upon the link they are connected to and based upon the realization used. If a weld is created as mat100 between comp_1(id1) and comp_2(id2), it will create a component collector with the name C_^__BEAM_100 and organize all of the welds created as links between these two components into this collector. If a weld is created as mat100 between the three components comp_1(id1), comp_2(id2) and comp_3 (id3), it will create two component collectors, C_^_1W__BEAM_100 and C_^_1W__BEAM_100. The suffix is based on the realization type: Mat100: _BEAM_100 Mat100 (hexa): _SOLID Mat196: _BEAM_196 This collector is later referenced as the weld element set while creating the groups (contact) definition. This script will create the following properties/materials collectors: -

M_^_< MAT100 or MAT196> or M_^_1W__: These material collectors are created upon the selection of the configuration type by the user with the MAT100 or the MAT196 card. The values for the cards are read from the *.ini file. These material collectors are referenced in the above created appropriate components. #MATERIAL STRENGTH LOOKUP TABLE

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# FIRST NUMBER INDICATES NUMBER OF LEVELS # SECOND NUMBER INDICATES MULTIPLIER FOR SIGY OF NUGGET #MIN

MAX

k

n

a

b

# MIN

MAX

k

n

a

b

*SIGY

4

1.85

0

0.20

4.0000

1.9000

10.5000

-4.000

0.20

0.40

4.2000

1.9500

12.000

-3.000

0.40

0.80

4.5000

1.9500

14.200

-2.000

0.80

0.90

4.7000

1.9900

16.500

-1.0000

#LAST LINE:

-

NUMBER

9.00

P_^_ or P_^_1W_: These property collectors are created with the *SECTION_BEAM or *SECTION_SOLID card associated with them. These property collectors are referenced in the above created appropriate components. # SAMPLE MATERIAL THICKNESS LOOKUP TABLE: # NUMBER INDICATES NUMBER OF LEVELS #LAST LINE: *THICKN ESS

5

0

0.1

0.1 2 5

0.1

0.5

0.2 5

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1866 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

0.5

1.0

0.7 5

1.0

1.5

1.2 5

1.5

2.0

17.

2.0 7 5

This script also creates the necessary group (contact) definition upon the selection of the configuration type. For mat100 and mat196 a group named C_Contact_Spotweld_ and/or for mat100 (hexa) a group named C_Contact_Tied_Shell_Edge_To_Surface_ is/are created. These interfaces are defined with the appropriate solver cards and reference the following master (MSID) and slave (SSID) sets: -

For the *CONTACT_SPOTWELD_ID card the following FS and FD are set to 0.1.

-

For the *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_ID card FS and FD are set to 0.1 as well. Additionally the values for variable SST and MST in the card image are set to 0.010. These values will override the thickness and establish the tied connection.

The script creates sets by the name C_S_^Part__Contact_ and C_S_^Weld__Contact_. The configuration types mat100 and mat196 share the same sets, while the configuration type mat100 (hexa) gets a different pair of sets. The former set contains the parts to which the welds are connected and the latter contains the weld components created during realization process. The part sets is defined as master in the appropriate contact definition, the weld set as slave. In addition, for the mat100 (hexa) realization a set for each hexa cluster is created and named CE_HEXSW_. All these sets get a card *DEFINE_HEX_SPOTWELD_ASSEMBLY_ associated with them.

Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is mat100/mat100 (hexa)/mat196

dyna mat196 CFG dyna 102 mat196 *filter spot *head *body 0 bar2 1 1

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*post prop_dyna_matnum.tcl Description: Creates a BEAM element for the body and plot elements for the head, the plot elements are created for visualization purposes and find operations. This realization is the same as the “CFG dyna 100 mat100” realization except it uses Mat196 as opposed to Mat100. This realization also uses the prop_dyna_matnum.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of mat100/mat100 (hexa)/mat196 custom config welds in the spot weld panel. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized weld elements to the respective components based upon the link they are connected to and based upon the realization used. If a weld is created as mat100 between comp_1(id1) and comp_2(id2), it will create a component collector with the name C_^__BEAM_100 and organize all of the welds created as links between these two components into this collector. If a weld is created as mat100 between the three components comp_1(id1), comp_2(id2) and comp_3 (id3), it will create two component collectors, C_^_1W__BEAM_100 and C_^_1W__BEAM_100. The suffix is based on the realization type: Mat100: _BEAM_100 Mat100 (hexa): _SOLID Mat196: _BEAM_196 This collector is later referenced as the weld element set while creating the groups (contact) definition. This script will create the following properties/materials collectors: -

M_^_< MAT100 or MAT196> or M_^_1W__: These material collectors are created upon the selection of the configuration type by the user with the MAT100 or the MAT196 card. The values for the cards are read from the *.ini file. These material collectors are referenced in the above created appropriate components. #MATERIAL STRENGTH LOOKUP TABLE # FIRST NUMBER INDICATES NUMBER OF LEVELS # SECOND NUMBER INDICATES MULTIPLIER FOR SIGY OF NUGGET #MIN

MAX

k

n

a

b

# MIN

MAX

k

n

a

b

*SIGY

4

1.85

0

0.20

4.0000

1.9000

10.5000

-4.000

#LAST LINE:

Altair Engineering

NUMBER

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1868 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

-

0.20

0.40

4.2000

1.9500

12.000

-3.000

0.40

0.80

4.5000

1.9500

14.200

-2.000

0.80

0.90

4.7000

1.9900

16.500

-1.0000

9.00

P_^_ or P_^_1W_: These property collectors are created with the *SECTION_BEAM or *SECTION_SOLID card associated with them. These property collectors are referenced in the above created appropriate components. # SAMPLE MATERIAL THICKNESS LOOKUP TABLE: # NUMBER INDICATES NUMBER OF LEVELS #LAST LINE: *THICKN ESS

5

0

0.1

0.1 2 5

0.1

0.5

0.2 5

0.5

1.0

0.7 5

1.0

1.5

1.2 5

1.5

2.0

17.

2.0 7 5

This script also creates the necessary group (contact) definition upon the selection of the configuration type. For mat100 and mat196 a group named C_Contact_Spotweld_ and/or for mat100 (hexa) a group named C_Contact_Tied_Shell_Edge_To_Surface_ is/are created. These interfaces are defined with the appropriate solver cards and reference the following master (MSID) and slave (SSID) sets: -

For the *CONTACT_SPOTWELD_ID card the following FS and FD are set to 0.1.

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-

For the *CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_ID card FS and FD are set to 0.1 as well. Additionally the values for variable SST and MST in the card image are set to 0.010. These values will override the thickness and establish the tied connection.

The script creates sets by the name C_S_^Part__Contact_ and C_S_^Weld__Contact_. The configuration types mat100 and mat196 share the same sets, while the configuration type mat100 (hexa) gets a different pair of sets. The former set contains the parts to which the welds are connected and the latter contains the weld components created during realization process. The part sets is defined as master in the appropriate contact definition, the weld set as slave. In addition, for the mat100 (hexa) realization a set for each hexa cluster is created and named CE_HEXSW_. All these sets get a card *DEFINE_HEX_SPOTWELD_ASSEMBLY_ associated with them.

Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is mat100/mat100 (hexa)/mat196

dyna hexa (adhesive - shell gap) CFG dyna 106 hexa (adhesive shell gap) *filter seam *style continuous 2 *head rbe3 1 0 rigid 1 0 *body 0 hex8 1 1 Description: Creates a row of hexa elements for the body and numerous RBE3 elements for the head. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements. The hexa elements are projected so that they touch the shell elements of the connecting components.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1870 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Nastran Connector Types Nastran sealing CFG nastran 5 sealing *filter spot *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 spring 6 1 Description: Creates RBE3 elements for the head and CBUSH element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements.

Nastran bush CFG nastran 6 bush *filter spot *head rigidlink 1 1 *body 0 spring 6 1 Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and CBUSH element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements.

Nastran rbe3 (load transfer) CFG nastran 31 rbe3 (load transfer) *filter spot *style mpc 1 *head *body 0

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rbe3 1 1 dofs=123

Description: Creates RBE3 elements for the body. The degrees of freedom are constrained in the x, y, z for the dependant nodes.

Nastran bolt (general) CFG nastran 52 bolt (general) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 1 *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Nastran bolt (CBAR) CFG nastran 53 bolt (CBAR) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigid 1 1 *body 0 bar2 1 1

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1872 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and CBAR element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Nastran clip CFG nastran 50 clip *filter bolt *style bolt 1 *head *body 0 rigidlink 1 2

Description: Creates a single RBE2 element for the body. The element projects and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole and also the nodes which form the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Nastran bolt (spider) CFG nastran 54 bolt (spider) *filter bolt *style bolt 1 *head *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates a many individual RBE2 elements. The element projects and connect to the nodes of

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the adjoining shell elements which form the hole, the RBE2 elements are joined at the midpoint of the bolted connection. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Nastran bolt (washer 1) CFG nastran 57 bolt (washer 1) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 12 *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole and also the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Nastran bolt (washer 1 alt) CFG nastran 58 bolt (washer 1 alt) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 13 *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole and also the second row of nodes which form the

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1874 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

washer layer. The head only connects to every other node on the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Nastran bolt (washer 1) cbar CFG nastran 51 bolt (washer 1) cbar *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 12 *body 0 bar2 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and CBAR element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole and also the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Nastran bolt (washer 2) CFG nastran 55 bolt (washer 2) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 1 rigidlink 1 2 *body 0 rigid 1 1 Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and the body. There are two individual RBE2 elements at

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the head of the connection, one to connect to the inner row of nodes, the other to connect to the washer layer nodes. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Nastran bolt (washer 2 alt) CFG nastran 56 bolt (washer 2 alt) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 1 rigidlink 1 3 *body 0 rigid 1 1 Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and the body. There are two individual RBE2 elements at the head of the connection, one to connect to the inner row of nodes, the other to connect to the washer layer nodes. The RBE2 head element that connects to the washer layer nodes only connects to every other node on the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Nastran hinge CFG nastran 59 hinge *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 1 *body 0 rigid 1 1 dofs=12356 *post prop_hinge.tcl Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and the body. The head elements project and connect to

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1876 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. The degrees of freedom are constrained in the x, y, z, rot x, rot z for the dependant nodes. This realization also uses the prop_hinge.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of HINGE– custom config welds in the connector bolts panel. This script performs the tasks when the Systems option is active in the connector Bolts panel (i.e. “Single System”,”1- System per layer” or 2- Systems per layer). This Script Assigns both reference and analysis systems ID to weld element nodes of each Bolt (Hinge) created during realization process.

Nastran acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) CFG nastran 69 acm (equivalenced(T1+T2)/2) *filter spot *style acm 1 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 hex8 1 1 *post prop_nastran_acm.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization uses the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset from the shell elements. In the case where the model is a 3T connection, the acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) realization will join the hexa elements. This realization also uses the prop_nastran_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2 and shell gap custom config welds in the spot weld panel from the Nastran and OptiStruct user profile. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized Solid Hexa weld elements created during realization process into hexa_comp_ components and the connected RBE’s created as the *HEAD type are organized into the rbe3_comp_ components. This script will create the following properties collectors: -

Prop_: This property collector is created with the PSOLID card associated with it. This property collector is referenced in the above created component containing the Solid Hexa weld

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elements hexa_comp_. Apart from the above this script also updates the weights of any RBE3 that is almost zero, because weight factors close to 0.0 cause Nastran and OptiStruct solvers to generate incorrect results. This script is also called from the area connectors panel with the adhesives configuration type. It performs tasks similar to those described above, organizing the solids and the RBEs into their respective components. Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2, shell gap and adhesives custom config welds for the Nastran and OptiStruct user profile.

Nastran acm (detached-(T1+T2)/2) CFG nastran 70 acm (detached-(T1 +T2)/2) *filter spot *style acm 2 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 1 hex8 1 1 *post prop_nastran_acm.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization uses the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset from the shell elements. In the case where the model is a 3T connection, the acm (detached-(T1+T2)/2) realization will not join the hexa elements. This realization also uses the prop_nastran_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2 and shell gap custom config welds in the spot weld panel from the Nastran and OptiStruct user profile. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized Solid Hexa weld elements created during realization process into hexa_comp_ components and the connected RBE’s created as the *HEAD type are organized into the rbe3_comp_ components. This script will create the following properties collectors: -

Prop_: This property collector is created with the PSOLID card associated with it. This property collector is referenced in the above created component containing the Solid Hexa weld elements hexa_comp_.

Apart from the above this script also updates the weights of any RBE3 that is almost zero, because

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1878 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

weight factors close to 0.0 cause Nastran and OptiStruct solvers to generate incorrect results. This script is also called from the area connectors panel with the adhesives configuration type. It performs tasks similar to those described above, organizing the solids and the RBEs into their respective components. Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2, shell gap and adhesives custom config welds for Nastran and OptiStruct user profile.

Nastran acm (shell gap) CFG nastran 71 acm (shell gap) *filter spot *style acm 3 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 hex8 1 1 *post prop_nastran_acm.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization does not use the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset, therefore the hexa will project and be touching the shell elements. This realization also uses the prop_nastran_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2 and shell gap custom config welds in the spot weld panel from the Nastran and OptiStruct user profile. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized Solid Hexa weld elements created during realization process into hexa_comp_ components and the connected RBE’s created as the *HEAD type are organized into the rbe3_comp_ components. This script will create the following properties collectors: -

Prop_: This property collector is created with the PSOLID card associated with it. This property collector is referenced in the above created component containing the Solid Hexa weld elements hexa_comp_.

Apart from the above this script also updates the weights of any RBE3 that is almost zero, because weight factors close to 0.0 cause Nastran and OptiStruct solvers to generate incorrect results. This script is also called from the area connectors panel with the adhesives configuration type. It performs tasks similar to those described above, organizing the solids and the rbe’s into their respective components.

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Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2, shell gap and adhesives custom config welds for Nastran and OptiStruct user profile.

Nastran penta (mig) CFG nastran 75 penta (mig) *filter spot *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 penta6 1 1

Description: Creates penta element with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization supports many different use cases, including T-joint, angled T-joint, lap joint and butt joint.

Nastran cweld (GA-GB PARTPAT) CFG nastran 80 cweld (GA-GB PARTPAT) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 1D CWELD element via GA-GB PARTPAT. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1880 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran cweld (GS PARTPAT) CFG nastran 81 cweld (GS PARTPAT) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 11 0 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 0D CWELD element via GS PARTPAT. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

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Nastran cweld (GA-GB ELPAT) CFG nastran 82 cweld (GA-GB ELPAT) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 1D CWELD element via GA-GB ELPAT. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran cweld (GS ELPAT) CFG nastran 83 cweld (GS ELPAT) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 11 0 *post prop_cweld.tcl

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1882 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Description: Creates 0D CWELD element via GS ELPAT. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran cweld (GA-GB ELEMID) CFG nastran 84 cweld (GA-GB ELEMID) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 1D CWELD element via GA-GB ELEMID. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either

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defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran cweld (GS ELEMID) CFG nastran 85 cweld (GS ELEMID) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 11 0 *post prop_cweld.tcl

Description: Creates 0D CWELD element via GS ELEMID. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran cweld (GA-GB GRIDID)

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1884 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG nastran 86 cweld (GA-GB GRIDID) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 1D CWELD element via GA-GB GRIDID. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran cweld (GS GRIDID) CFG nastran 87 cweld (GS GRIDID) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 11 0 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 0D CWELD element via GS GRIDID. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script.

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This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran cweld (GA-GB ALIGN) CFG nastran 88 cweld (GA-GB ALIGN) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 1D CWELD element via GA-GB ALIGN. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1886 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran rbe3-celas1-rbe3 CFG nastran 89 rbe3-celas1-rbe3 *filter spot *head rbe3 1 0 dofs=123456 *body 0 spring 1 0 Description: Creates RBE3 element for the head and zero length CELAS1 element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements. The degrees of freedom are constrained in the x, y, z, rot x, rot y, rot z for the dependant nodes.

Nastran adhesives CFG nastran 121 adhesives *filter area *style adhesive 1 *head rbe3 1 0 rigid 1 0 *body 1 hex8 1 1 penta6 1 1 *post prop_nastran_acm.tcl Description: This realization also uses the prop_nastran_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2 and shell gap custom config welds in the spot weld panel from the Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles. It does the following tasks.

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Organizes the realized Solid Hexa weld elements created during realization process into hexa_comp_ components and the connected RBE’s created as the *HEAD type are organized into the rbe3_comp_ components. This script will create the following properties collectors: -

Prop_: This property collector is created with the PSOLID card associated with it. This property collector is referenced in the above created component containing the Solid Hexa weld elements hexa_comp_.

Apart from the above this script also updates the weights of any RBE3 that is almost zero, because weight factors close to 0.0 cause Nastran and OptiStruct solvers to generate incorrect results. This script is also called from the area connectors panel with the adhesives configuration type. It performs tasks similar to those described above, organizing the solids and the rbe’s into their respective components. Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2, shell gap and adhesives custom config welds for Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran hemming CFG nastran 122 hemming *filter area *style adhesive 1 *head *body 0 rbe3 1 1

Description: Creates RBE3 elements for the body, the head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements.

Nastran seam-quad (vertical+angled)

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1888 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG nastran 103 seam-quad (vertical+angled) *filter seam *style quad 1 *head *body 0 quad4 1 1

Description: Creates vertical and angled shell elements and projects to the adjoining shell elements. The angle can be specified in the seam panel. If the angle is set to 0.0 the thicknesses of the components are required as they are used to calculate the angle of the welds under those circumstances. This realization is intended for use with the quad transition option.

Nastran seam-quad (angled) CFG nastran 104 seam-quad (angled) *filter seam *style quad 2 *head *body 0 quad4 1 1

Description: Creates angled shell elements and projects to the adjoining shell elements. The angle can be specified in the seam panel. If the angle is set to 0.0 the thicknesses of the components are required as they are used to calculate the angle of the welds under those circumstances. This realization is intended for use with the quad transition option.

Nastran penta (mig)

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CFG nastran 105 penta (mig) *filter seam *style continuous 3 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 penta6 1 1

Description: Creates penta elements with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization supports many different use cases, including T-joint, angled T-joint, lap joint and butt joint.

Nastran hexa (adhesive) CFG nastran 106 hexa (adhesive) *filter seam *style continuous 3 *head rbe3 1 0 rigid 1 0 *body 0 hex8 1 1 Description: Creates a row of hexa elements for the body and numerous RBE2/RBE3 elements for the head. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements. If there is a direct normal project then an RBE2 elements will be used, if there are only non-normal projections then RBE3 elements will be created. The hexa elements are projected so that they touch the shell elements of the connecting components.

Nastran cfast_elem (GA-GB)

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1890 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG nastran 107 cfast_elem (GAGB) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 7 1 *post prop_opt_nas_cfast.tcl Description: Creates 1D CFAST element of type ELEM. This realization also uses the prop_opt_nas_cfast.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CFAST GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include ELEM, and PROP. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CFAST weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types ELEM or PROP. Creates the property collector with the name PFAST_ with the PFAST card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CFAST element created during realization. This script also updates the weld diameter value in the CFAST card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called for the CFAST GA-GB and GS– custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran cfast_elem (GS) CFG nastran 108 cfast_elem (GS) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 23 0 *post prop_opt_nas_cfast.tcl Description: Creates 0D CFAST element of type ELEM. This realization also uses the prop_opt_nas_cfast.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CFAST GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld

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panel. Theses include ELEM, and PROP. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CFAST weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types ELEM or PROP. Creates the property collector with the name PFAST_ with the PFAST card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CFAST element created during realization. This script also updates the weld diameter value in the CFAST card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called for the CFAST GA-GB and GS– custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran cfast_prop (GA-GB) CFG nastran 109 cfast_prop (GAGB) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 7 1 *post prop_opt_nas_cfast.tcl Description: Creates 1D CFAST element of type PROP. This realization also uses the prop_opt_nas_cfast.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CFAST GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include ELEM, and PROP. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CFAST weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types ELEM or PROP. Creates the property collector with the name PFAST_ with the PFAST card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CFAST element created during realization. This script also updates the weld diameter value in the CFAST card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called for the CFAST GA-GB and GS– custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1892 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Nastran cfast_prop (GS) CFG nastran 110 cfast_prop (GS) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 23 0 *post prop_opt_nas_cfast.tcl Description: Creates 0D CFAST element of type PROP. This realization also uses the prop_opt_nas_cfast.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CFAST GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include ELEM, and PROP. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CFAST weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types ELEM or PROP. Creates the property collector with the name PFAST_ with the PFAST card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CFAST element created during realization. This script also updates the weld diameter value in the CFAST card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called for the CFAST GA-GB and GS– custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

Nastran HILOCK

1893 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CFG nastran 111 HILOCK *filter spot *style fastener 1 *head *bodyext 0 bar2 1 1 weld 1 1 dofs=1456 *body 0 spring 6 0 dofs=2356 bar2 1 1 weld 1 1 dofs=156 spring 6 0 dofs=2356 *post prop_opt_nas_hilock.tcl Description: Creates 1D element construct existing out of RBAR, CBAR and CBUSH elements. The outer extensions represent the thicknesses of the outer shell elements. The inner nodes of the RBAR element are connected to the shell elements whereas the inner nodes of the CBAR elements are coincident to the shell nodes only. Between the appropriate connected and coincident nodes CBUSHes are created. Each outer node connects one CBAR and one RBAR. Each HILOCK connection gets an own coordinate system which z-axis is collinear to the HILOCK direction. All affected nodes are assigned to this coordinate system. This coordinate system is taken into account for the DOF definition of the CBAR elements, for the stiffness calculation of the CBUSH elements and for the DOF of the node constraint. This realization uses the shell properties and materials (PSHELL or PCOMP) and a predefined HILOCK material to calculate the exact position of the outer nodes and the stiffness of the PBUSH elements. If the realization requires a local remesh of the shell elements because there aren’t any shell nodes at the position of the connector projection, the connector realization will fail. This realization also uses the prop_opt_nas_hilock.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of HILOCK custom config welds in the spot weld panel from the Nastran and OptiStruct user profile. It does the following tasks. 1.

Organizes the realized 1D weld elements (RBAR, CBAR, CBUSH) created during realization process into a component named HiLock components.

2.

This script will create the following property collectors: HiLock_PBAR_: This property collector is created with the PBAR card associated with it. The RBAR elements reference to this property. The attributes are calculated depending on the used diameter in the spot panel during realization. HiLock_PBUSH__: These property collectors are created with the PBUSH card associated with them. The CBUSH elements reference to this

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1894 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

property. The attributes are calculated depending on a predefined HILOCK material and the properties and materials of the connected shells (PSHELL and/or PCOMP). 3.

This script will create the following load collector: HiLock_SPC6: This load collector is created and the SPCs, which are created for each HiLock will be moved into this collector.

4.

This script will create the following system collector: HiLock: This system collector is created and the systems created during the realizations will be moved into this collector. If the system collector exists already the new created systems will be moved into the same collector.

5.

This script will create the following material: HiLock_MAT1: This material will be assigned to the PBAR cards. The material is predefined in the script.

Note:

This script is called if the realization CFG nastran 111 HILOCK or CFG optistruct 111 HILOCK is used.

1895 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

OptiStruct Connector Types OptiStruct sealing CFG optistruct 5 sealing *filter spot *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 spring 6 1 Description: Creates RBE3 elements for the head and CBUSH element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements.

OptiStruct bush CFG optistruct 6 bush *filter spot *head rigidlink 1 1 *body 0 spring 6 1 Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and CBUSH element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements.

OptiStruct rbe3 (load transfer) CFG optistruct 31 rbe3 (load transfer) *filter spot *style mpc 1 *head *body 0

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1896 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

rbe3 1 1 dofs=123

Description: Creates RBE3 elements for the body. The degrees of freedom are constrained in the x, y, z for the dependant nodes.

OptiStruct bolt (general) CFG optistruct 52 bolt (general) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 1 *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

OptiStruct bolt (CBAR)

1897 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 53 bolt (CBAR) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigid 1 1 *body 0 bar2 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and CBAR element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

OptiStruct clip CFG optistruct 50 clip *filter bolt *style bolt 1 *head *body 0 rigidlink 1 2

Description: Creates a single RBE2 element for the body. The element projects and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole and also the nodes which form the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

OptiStruct bolt (spider)

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1898 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 54 bolt (spider) *filter bolt *style bolt 1 *head *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates a many individual RBE2 elements. The element projects and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole, the RBE2 elements are joined at the midpoint of the bolted connection. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

OptiStruct bolt (washer 1) CFG optistruct 57 bolt (washer 1) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 12 *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole and also the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

OptiStruct bolt (washer 1 alt)

1899 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 58 bolt (washer 1 alt) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 13 *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole and also the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. The head only connects to every other node on the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

OptiStruct bolt (washer 1) cbar CFG optistruct 51 bolt (washer 1) cbar *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 12 *body 0 bar2 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and CBAR element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole and also the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1900 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

OptiStruct bolt (washer 2) CFG optistruct 55 bolt (washer 2) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 1 rigidlink 1 2 *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and the body. There are two individual RBE2 elements at the head of the connection, one to connect to the inner row of nodes, the other to connect to the washer layer nodes. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

OptiStruct bolt (washer 2 alt) CFG optistruct 56 bolt (washer 2 alt) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 1 rigidlink 1 3 *body 0 rigid 1 1

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and the body. There are two individual RBE2 elements at the head of the connection, one to connect to the inner row of nodes, the other to connect to the washer layer nodes. The RBE2 head element that connects to the washer layer nodes only connects to every other node on the washer layer. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer.

1901 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

OptiStruct hinge CFG optistruct 59 hinge *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 1 *body 0 rigid 1 1 dofs=12356 *post prop_hinge.tcl

Description: Creates RBE2 elements for the head and the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. The degrees of freedom are constrained in the x, y, z, rot x, rot z for the dependant nodes. This realization also uses the prop_hinge.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of HINGE– custom config welds in the connector bolts panel. This script performs the tasks when the Systems option is active in the connector bolts panel (i.e. “Single System”,”1- System per layer” or 2- Systems per layer). This script assigns both reference and analysis systems ID to weld element nodes of each Bolt (Hinge) created during realization process.

OptiStruct acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2)

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1902 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 69 acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) *filter spot *style acm 1 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 hex8 1 1 *post prop_nastran_acm.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization uses the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset from the shell elements. In the case where the model is a 3T connection, the acm (equivalenced-(T1+T2)/2) realization will join the hexa elements. This realization also uses the prop_nastran_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2 and shell gap custom config welds in the spot weld panel from Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized solid hexa weld elements created during realization process into hexa_comp_ components and the connected RBE’s created as the *HEAD type are organized into the rbe3_comp_ components. This script will create the following properties collectors: -

Prop_: This property collector is created with the PSOLID card associated with it. This property collector is referenced in the above created component containing the Solid Hexa weld elements hexa_comp_.

Apart from the above this script also updates the weights of any RBE3 that is almost zero, because weight factors close to 0.0 cause Nastran and OptiStruct solvers to generate incorrect results. This script is also called from the area connectors panel with the adhesives configuration type. It performs tasks similar to those described above, organizing the solids and the RBEs into their respective components. Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2, shell gap and adhesives custom config welds for Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct acm (detached-(T1+T2)/2)

1903 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 70 acm (detached-(T1+T2)/2) *filter spot *style acm 2 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 1 hex8 1 1 *post prop_nastran_acm.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization uses the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset from the shell elements. In the case where the model is a 3T connection, the acm (detached-(T1+T2)/2) realization will not join the hexa elements. This realization also uses the prop_nastran_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2 and shell gap custom config welds in the spot weld panel from Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized solid hexa weld elements created during realization process into hexa_comp_ components and the connected RBE’s created as the *HEAD type are organized into the rbe3_comp_ components. This script will create the following properties collectors: -

Prop_: This property collector is created with the PSOLID card associated with it. This property collector is referenced in the above created component containing the Solid Hexa weld elements hexa_comp_.

Apart from the above this script also updates the weights of any RBE3 that is almost zero, because weight factors close to 0.0 cause Nastran and OptiStruct solvers to generate incorrect results. This script is also called from the area connectors panel with the adhesives configuration type. It performs tasks similar to those described above, organizing the solids and the RBEs into their respective components. Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2, shell gap and adhesives custom config welds for Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct acm (shell gap)

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1904 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 71 acm (shell gap) *filter spot *style acm 3 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 hex8 1 1 *post prop_nastran_acm.tcl Description: Creates hexa element with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization does not use the shell thickness to calculate the hexa offset, therefore the hexa will project and be touching the shell elements. This realization also uses the prop_nastran_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2 and shell gap custom config welds in the spot weld panel from Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized solid hexa weld elements created during realization process into hexa_comp_ components and the connected RBE’s created as the *HEAD type are organized into the rbe3_comp_ components. This script will create the following properties collectors: -

Prop_: This property collector is created with the PSOLID card associated with it. This property collector is referenced in the above created component containing the Solid Hexa weld elements hexa_comp_.

Apart from the above this script also updates the weights of any RBE3 that is almost zero, because weight factors close to 0.0 cause Nastran and OptiStruct solvers to generate incorrect results. This script is also called from the area connectors panel with the adhesives configuration type. It performs tasks similar to those described above, organizing the solids and the rbe’s into their respective components. Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2, shell gap and adhesives custom config welds for Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct penta (mig)

1905 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 75 penta (mig) *filter spot *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 penta6 1 1

Description: Creates penta element with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization supports many different use cases, including T-joint, angled T-joint, lap joint and butt joint.

OptiStruct cweld (GA-GB PARTPAT) CFG optistruct 80 cweld (GAGB PARTPAT) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 1d CWELD element via GA-GB PARTPAT. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness)

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1906 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct cweld (GS PARTPAT) CFG optistruct 81 cweld (GS PARTPAT) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 11 0 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 0D CWELD element via GS PARTPAT. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct cweld (GA-GB ELPAT)

1907 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 82 cweld (GAGB ELPAT) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 1D CWELD element via GA-GB ELPAT. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass Element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct cweld (GS ELPAT) CFG optistruct 83 cweld (GS ELPAT) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 11 0 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 0D CWELD element via GS ELPAT. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script.

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1908 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct cweld (GA-GB ELEMID) CFG optistruct 84 cweld (GAGB ELEMID) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl Description: Creates 1D CWELD element via GA-GB ELEMID. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom

1909 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct cweld (GS ELEMID) CFG optistruct 85 cweld (GS ELEMID) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 11 0 *post prop_cweld.tcl

Description: Creates 0D CWELD element via GS ELEMID. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct cweld (GA-GB GRIDID)

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1910 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 86 cweld (GAGB GRIDID) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl

Description: Creates 1D CWELD element via GA-GB GRIDID. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct cweld (GS GRIDID)

1911 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 87 cweld (GS GRIDID) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 11 0 *post prop_cweld.tcl

Description: Creates 0D CWELD element via GS GRIDID. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct cweld (GA-GB ALIGN)

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1912 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 88 cweld (GAGB ALIGN) *filter spot *head *body 0 rod 4 1 *post prop_cweld.tcl

Description: Creates 1D CWELD element via GA-GB ALIGN. This realization also uses a property script, please see prop_cweld.tcl for further details. This realization also uses the prop_cweld.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of all the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds in the spot weld panel. Theses include PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID, ALIGN. It performs the following tasks: Assigns the attributes to the CWELD weld element created during the realization process, which is either a rod element [GA-GB] or mass element [GS] of the types PARTPAT, ELPAT, ELEMID, GRIDID or ALIGN. Creates the property collector with the name prop_ with the PWELD card associated with it. This property is referenced to the CWELD element created during realization. This script also updates the weld radius value in the CWELD card. The diameter value is either defined by the user on the spot weld panel, or is taken from the dvst (diameter versus thickness) file. Note:

This script is called if the CWELD GA-GB and GS– custom config welds and shell gap custom config welds across Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct rbe3-celas1-rbe3

1913 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CFG optistruct 89 rbe3celas1-rbe3 *filter spot *head rbe3 1 0 dofs=123456 *body 0 spring 1 0

Description: Creates RBE3 element for the head and zero length CELAS1 element for the body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements. The degrees of freedom are constrained in the x, y, z, rot x, rot y, rot z for the dependant nodes.

OptiStruct adhesives CFG optistruct 121 adhesives *filter area *style adhesive 1 *head rbe3 1 0 rigid 1 0 *body 1 hex8 1 1 penta6 1 1 *post prop_nastran_acm.tcl Description: Creates a row of hexa/penta elements for the body and numerous RBE2/RBE3 elements for the head. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements. If there is significant curvature in the area connector then penta elements will be created, otherwise hexa elements will normally be created. If there is a direct normal project then an RBE2 elements will be used, if there are only non-normal projections then RBE3 elements will be created. This realization also uses the prop_Nastran_acm.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2 and shell gap custom config

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1914 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

welds in the spot weld panel from the Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized solid hexa weld elements created during realization process into hexa_comp_ components and the connected RBE’s created as the *HEAD type are organized into the rbe3_comp_ components. This script will create the following properties collectors: -

Prop_: This property collector is created with the PSOLID card associated with it. This property collector is referenced in the above created component containing the solid hexa weld elements hexa_comp_.

Apart from the above this script also updates the weights of any RBE3 that is almost zero, because weight factors close to 0.0 cause Nastran and OptiStruct solvers to generate incorrect results. This script is also called from the area connectors panel with the adhesives configuration type. It performs tasks similar to those described above, organizing the solids and the rbe’s into their respective components. Note:

This script is called if the CFG type is acm – equivalence/detached –(T1+T2)/2, shell gap and adhesives custom config welds for Nastran and OptiStruct user profiles.

OptiStruct hemming CFG OptiStruct 122 hemming *filter area *style adhesive 1 *head *body 0 rbe3 1 1

Description: Creates RBE3 elements for the body, the head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements.

OptiStruct seam-quad (vertical+angled)

1915 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Altair Engineering

CFG OptiStruct 103 seam-quad (vertical+angled) *filter seam *style quad 1 *head *body 0 quad4 1 1

Description: Creates vertical and angled shell elements and projects to the adjoining shell elements. The thickness of the components are required as this is used to calculate the angle of the welds.

OptiStruct seam-quad (angled) CFG OptiStruct 104 seam-quad (angled) *filter seam *style quad 2 *head *body 0 quad4 1 1

Description: Creates vertical shell elements and projects to the adjoining shell elements.

OptiStruct penta (mig)

Altair Engineering

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1916 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

CFG OptiStruct 105 penta (mig) *filter seam *style continuous 3 *head rbe3 1 0 *body 0 penta6 1 1

Description: Creates penta elements with RBE3 elements projecting and connecting to the surrounding shell elements. This realization supports many different use cases, including T-joint, angled T-joint, lap joint and butt joint.

OptiStruct hexa (adhesive) CFG OptiStruct 106 hexa (adhesive) *filter seam *style continuous 3 *head rbe3 1 0 rigid 1 0 *body 0 hex8 1 1 Description: Creates a row of hexa elements for the body and numerous RBE2/RBE3 elements for the head. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements. If there is a direct normal project then an RBE2 elements will be used, if there are only non-normal projections then RBE3 elements will be created. The hexa elements are projected so that they touch the shell elements of the connecting components.

OptiStruct HILOCK

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CFG optistruct 111 HILOCK *filter spot *style fastener 1 *head *bodyext 0 bar2 1 1 weld 1 1 dofs=1456 *body 0 spring 6 0 dofs=2356 bar2 1 1 weld 1 1 dofs=156 spring 6 0 dofs=2356 *post prop_opt_nas_hilock.tcl Description: Creates 1D element construct existing out of RBAR, CBAR and CBUSH elements. The outer extensions represent the thicknesses of the outer shell elements. The inner nodes of the RBAR element are connected to the shell elements whereas the inner nodes of the CBAR elements are coincident to the shell nodes only. Between the appropriate connected and coincident nodes CBUSHes are created. Each outer node connects one CBAR and one RBAR. Each HILOCK connection gets an own coordinate system which z-axis is collinear to the HILOCK direction. All affected nodes are assigned to this coordinate system. This coordinate system is taken into account for the DOF definition of the CBAR elements, for the stiffness calculation of the CBUSH elements and for the DOF of the node constraint. This realization uses the shell properties and materials (PSHELL or PCOMP) and a predefined HILOCK material to calculate the exact position of the outer nodes and the stiffnesses of the PBUSH elements. If the realization requires a local remesh of the shell elements because there aren’t any shell nodes at the position of the connector projection, the connector realization will fail. This realization also uses the prop_opt_nas_hilock.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of HILOCK custom config welds in the spot weld panel from the Nastran and OptiStruct user profile. It does the following tasks. 1.

Organizes the realized 1D weld elements (RBAR, CBAR, CBUSH) created during realization process into a component named HiLock components.

2.

This script will create the following property collectors: HiLock_PBAR_: This property collector is created with the PBAR card associated with it. The RBAR elements reference to this property. The attributes are calculated depending on the used diameter in the spot panel during realization. HiLock_PBUSH__: These property collectors are created with the PBUSH card associated with them. The CBUSH elements reference to this

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1918 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

property. The attributes are calculated depending on a predefined HILOCK material and the properties and materials of the connected shells (PSHELL and/or PCOMP). 3.

This script will create the following load collector: HiLock_SPC6: This load collector is created and the SPCs, which are created for each HiLock will be moved into this collector.

4.

This script will create the following system collector: HiLock: This system collector is created and the systems created during the realizations will be moved into this collector. If the system collector exists already the new created systems will be moved into the same collector.

5.

This script will create the following material: HiLock_MAT1: This material will be assigned to the PBAR cards. The material is predefined in the script.

Note:

This script is called if the realization CFG nastran 111 HILOCK or CFG optistruct 111 HILOCK is used.

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PAM-CRASH Connector Types PAM-CRASH 2G plink (connector position) CFG pamcrash2g 1 plink (connector position) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 5 2 *post prop_plink.tcl Description: Creates a PLINK element. The PLINK is created at the connector location. This realization also uses the prop_plink.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of PLINK– custom config welds in the spot weld panel inside PAMCRASH user interface. This script does the following tasks: Organizes the PLINK weld elements created during realization process into C_PLINK_PSCRIPT_ component with the PART_LINK card image associated to it. The id1 and id2 shown above refers to the ids of the link components with which the connector is connected to. Creates the M_PLINK_PSCRIPT_ material collector, with the MAT_LINK card image associated with it. This material collector is referenced in the above created component containing the PLINK weld elements. Updates the various attributes to the above created material/ property cards.

PAM-CRASH 2G plink (middle of the gap) CFG pamcrash2g 2 plink (middle of the gap) *filter spot *head *body 0 mass 5 1 *post prop_plink.tcl Description: Creates a PLINK element. The PLINK is created at the center location between the two

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1920 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

components and is offset from the connector location. This realization also uses the prop_plink.tcl property script. This script is called while creation of PLINK– custom config welds in the spot weld panel inside PAMCRASH user interface. This script does the following tasks: Organizes the PLINK weld elements created during realization process into C_PLINK_PSCRIPT_ component with the PART_LINK card image associated to it. The id1 and id2 shown above refers to the ids of the link components with which the connector is connected to. Creates the M_PLINK_PSCRIPT_ material collector, with the MAT_LINK card image associated with it. This material collector is referenced in the above created component containing the PLINK weld elements. Updates the various attributes to the above created material/ property cards.

PAM-CRASH 2G bolt (spider) CFG pamcrash2g 54 bolt (spider) *filter bolt *style bolt 1 *head *body 0 rigidlink 1 1 Description: Creates an RBODY element. The body element projects and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements.

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RADIOSS Connector Types RADIOSS type2 (spring) CFG radioss 2 type2 (spring) *filter spot *head plot 1 0 *body 0 spring 1 1 *post prop_type2.tcl

Description: Creates a SPRING2N element for the body and plot elements for the head, the plot elements are created for visualization purposes and find operations. This realization also uses the prop_type2.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of Radioss [Type2 Spring] in the spot weld panel. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized weld elements to the respective components based upon the link they are connected to. E.g. if a weld is created between comp_1(1) and comp_2(2) it creates a component collector with the name RW^^_ and organizes all the welds created as links between these two components into this collector. Creates the following properties collectors: -

RW^^_: This properties collector with the P13_SPR_BEAM incase of R-BLOCK and SectBemSpr in case of R-FIX solver subtype is associated with it as the card image.

Creates sets in the following order: -

I1_M_: This contains the master as the FIRST link component id to which the weld is connected to.

-

I1_S_: This set contains the node id of the projected spring element to the above component link as the slave node N1.

-

I2_M_: This contains the master as the SECOND link component id to which the weld is connected to.

-

I2_S_: This set contains the node id of the projected spring element to the above component link as the slave node N2.

Creates two interfaces Groups (interfaces) for the spring weld elements created between the same component links by the name -

RW^^1_: This references the above created sets that contain the ids of first node NI and

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1922 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

first component Link C1. -

RW^^1_: This references the above created sets that contain the ids of second node N2 and second component Link C2.

Creates a plot named Shear_Normal_Force_Plot with two curves from the Normal Force Function [named RW^^FN_1.0] and Shear Force Function [named RW^^FS_2.5], the values of which are read from the Radiossweld_config.ini file.

RADIOSS bolt (general) CFG radioss 52 bolt (general) *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 10 *body 0 spring 1 1 *post prop_radioss_rigidupdate. tcl Description: Creates RBODY elements for the head and SPRING2N body. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. This realization also the prop_radioss_rigidupdate.tcl property script. This script is run for all the rigid/rigidlink weld configurations in the Radioss user profile. It creates the sets of all the slave node ids of the rbodies created during the realization process, and assigns the GRNOD card image to them. It also updates some attributes of these cards.

RADIOSS hinge

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CFG radioss 53 hinge *filter bolt *style bolt 0 *head rigidlink 1 10 *body 0 spring 1 1 dofs=4 *post prop_radioss_rigidupdate. tcl Description: Creates RBODY elements for the head and SPRING2N body. The rot x degree of freedom is released so that the RBODY can rotate. The head elements project and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole. The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. This realization also the prop_radioss_rigidupdate.tcl property script. This script is run for all the rigid/rigidlink weld configurations in the Radioss user profile. It creates the sets of all the slave node ids of the rbodies created during the realization process, and assigns the GRNOD card image to them. It also updates some attributes of these cards.

RADIOSS bolt (spider) CFG radioss 54 bolt (spider) *filter bolt *style bolt 1 *head *body 0 rigidlink 1 1 *post prop_radioss_rigidupdate. tcl

Description: Creates an RBODY element. The element projects and connect to the nodes of the adjoining shell elements which form the hole, the RBODY element is joined at the midpoint of the bolted connection.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1924 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

The connector location can either be on the edge of the hole, center of the hole, midpoint in between the two holes or on the second row of nodes which form the washer layer. This realization also the prop_radioss_rigidupdate.tcl property script. This script is run for all the rigid/rigidlink weld configurations in the Radioss user profile. It creates the sets of all the slave node ids of the RBODYs created during the realization process, and assigns the GRNOD card image to them. It also updates some attributes of these cards.

RADIOSS bolt (cylinder rigid) CFG radioss 60 bolt (cylinder rigid) *filter bolt *style bolt 3 *head *body 0 rigidlink 1 1 *post prop_radioss_rigidupdate. tcl Description: Creates an RBODY element. Please reference “Cylinder Bolt” help for further details. This realization also the prop_radioss_rigidupdate.tcl property script. This script is run for all the rigid/rigidlink weld configurations in the Radioss user profile. It creates the sets of all the slave node ids of the RBODYs created during the realization process, and assigns the GRNOD card image to them. It also updates some attributes of these cards.

RADIOSS bolt (cylinder spring) CFG radioss 61 bolt (cylinder spring) *filter bolt *style bolt 3 *head rigidlink 1 1

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*body 0 spring 1 1 *post prop_radioss_rigidupdate. tcl Description: Creates an RBODY elements and a zero length SPRING2N element. Please reference “Cylinder Bolt” help for further details. This realization also the prop_radioss_rigidupdate.tcl property script. This script is run for all the rigid/rigidlink weld configurations in the Radioss user profile. It creates the sets of all the slave node ids of the RBODYs created during the realization process, and assigns the GRNOD card image to them. It also updates some attributes of these cards.

RADIOSS type2 (adhesive-spring) CFG radioss 62 type2 (adhesivespring) *filter area *head plot 1 0 *body 0 spring 1 1 *post prop_type2.tcl Description: Creates multiple SPRING2N elements for the body and plot elements for the head, the plot elements are created for visualization purposes and find operations. This realization also uses the prop_type2.tcl property script. This script is used while creation of Radioss [Type2 Spring] in the spot weld panel. It does the following tasks. Organizes the realized weld elements to the respective components based upon the link they are connected to. E.g. if a weld is created between comp_1(1) and comp_2(2) it creates a component collector with the name RW^^_ and organizes all the welds created as links between these two components into this collector. Creates the following properties collectors: -

RW^^_: This properties collector with the P13_SPR_BEAM incase of R-BLOCK and SectBemSpr in case of R-FIX solver subtype is associated with it as the card image.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1926 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Creates sets in the following order: -

I1_M_: This contains the master as the FIRST link component id to which the weld is connected to.

-

I1_S_: This set contains the node id of the projected spring element to the above component link as the slave node N1.

-

I2_M_: This contains the master as the SECOND link component id to which the weld is connected to.

-

I2_S_: This set contains the node id of the projected spring element to the above component link as the slave node N2.

Creates two interfaces Groups (interfaces) for the spring weld elements created between the same component links by the name -

RW^^1_: This references the above created sets that contain the ids of first node NI and first component Link C1.

-

RW^^1_: This references the above created sets that contain the ids of second node N2 and second component Link C2.

Creates a plot named Shear_Normal_Force_Plot with two curves from the Normal Force Function [named RW^^FN_1.0] and Shear Force Function [named RW^^FS_2.5], the values of which are read from the Radiossweld_config.ini file.

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Model Setup This section describes how to build a finite element model. In general, the following building process is used: Create collectors Obtain line and surface geometry from an external file, or hand digitize the data Reconcile conflicts in the geometry and prepare it for use Build the model by using element-building panels Verify the quality of the model Create boundary conditions and systems

The following building processes are described: Importing geometry Creating Collectors Creating Geometry Data Temporary Nodes Picking Surfaces Editing Surfaces Associativity Geometry Cleanup Applying Loads Creating Systems Control Cards Boundary Conditions

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1928 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Properties This section contains information regarding regarding HyperLaminate, the Laminate Browser, and the HyperLaminate Solver, as well as HyperBeam and the HyperBeam environment.

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HyperLaminate HyperLaminate is a HyperMesh module that facilitates the creation, review and edition of composite laminates. In support of this process certain materials and design variables are also supported by the HyperLaminate module. The HyperLaminate Solver (HLS), which is accessed through the HyperLaminate module, uses classical laminated plate theory for simple in-plane analysis of composite laminates. The current HyperMesh database is only updated with information from the current HyperLaminate session on exit from HyperLaminate (except with Abaqus materials, which are updated simultaneously in HyperMesh and HyperLaminate), so while it is possible to work in HyperMesh while HyperLaminate is running, this is not advisable. Any changes made to those entities which HyperLaminate touches (materials, component collectors and design variables) may result in synchronization problems and loss of data. HyperLaminate is launched from within HyperMesh either from the HyperLaminate button on the 2D page of the main menu, or by selecting HyperLaminate from the Materials or Properties pull-down menus. The HyperLaminate module is supported for the OptiStruct, Nastran, Ansys and Abaqus user profiles.

See also HyperLaminate Environment HyperLaminate Menus HyperLaminate Toolbar Laminate Browser Define/Edit Pane Review Pane HyperLaminate Solver

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1930 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Environment The HyperLaminate environment consists of five general areas, as shown here:

Menus

The HyperLaminate menu bar contains five menus that allow you to manage files, edit materials, laminates, HLS loadcases and design variables, change views, and access on-line help.

Toolbar

The HyperLaminate toolbar contains five tools that allow you to generate new materials, laminates, HLS loadcases or design variables, and to cut, copy, paste, and delete entries in text boxes.

Laminate Browser

This browser, located on the left side of the HyperLaminate window, provides a vertical tree view of materials, laminates, HLS loadcases and size design variables in your model. Left-clicking on an entity populates the Define/Edit and Review panes with details of that branch. Right-clicking on a branch offers context-sensitive operations for that branch.

Define/Edit Pane

This is the central pane of the HyperLaminate module. Here users may enter or change data related to a material, laminate, HLS loadcase or design variable definition (depending on the selected branch in the laminate browser).

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Review Pane

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This is the right-hand pane of the HyperLaminate module. The Review/ Results pane has a number of tabs that display the current state of the selected branch.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1932 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Menus The HyperLaminate menu bar contains five menus.

The following chart lists each menu option. File

New

Generates a new entity, depending on the selected sub-topic in the Laminate Browser.

Export to File

Exports material and laminate information to a text file. This text file can be printed.

Exit

Exit HyperLaminate. At this point the current HyperMesh database is updated with the information in the current HyperLaminate session.

Edit

Cut

Removes the selected data from an entry field and places it on the clipboard for pasting. Can also remove rows from a ply lay-up order table and place these on the clipboard for pasting.

Copy

Places selected data from an entry field on the clipboard for pasting. Can also place rows from a ply lay-up order table on the clipboard for pasting.

Paste

Pastes data from the clipboard in selected entry fields. Can also paste rows from the clipboard above selected rows on a ply lay-up order table.

Delete

When the cursor is active in the Laminate Browser, this deletes the selected entity from the Laminate Browser. (A dialogue is displayed to confirm the deletion.) When the cursor is active in the Define/Edit pane, this deletes the selected text from a text box or the selected rows from a ply lay-up order table.

Tools

Laminate Options

Displays the Laminate Options dialog.

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This dialog allows you to select defaults for new Laminates for: color convention repetitions ply thickness common thickness HLS Options

Displays the HLS Options dialog.

This allows you to retain the input and result files for the HyperLaminate Solver. Youcan also choose the location these files are written to. The default behaviour is to delete these files once HLS is run. View

Toolbar

Display/hide toolbar.

Status Bar

Display/hide status bar.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1934 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Help

About HyperLaminate

Displays version, contact, and copyright information.

Help Topics

Activates the HyperLaminate online help.

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Toolbar The HyperLaminate toolbar is located below the menu bar and its display is controlled by the Toolbar option under the View pull-down menu. The toolbar is shown and described here.

Icon

Name

Function

New

Generates a new entity, depending on the selected sub-topic in the Laminate Browser.

Cut

Removes the selected data from an entry field and places it on the clipboard for pasting. Can also remove rows from a ply lay-up order table and place these on the clipboard for pasting.

Copy

Places selected data from an entry field on the clipboard for pasting. Can also place rows from a ply lay-up order table on the clipboard for pasting.

Paste

Pastes data from the clipboard in selected entry fields. Can also paste rows from the clipboard above selected rows on a ply lay-up order table.

Delete

When the cursor is active in the Laminate Browser, this deletes the selected entity from the Laminate Browser. (A dialogue is displayed to confirm the deletion.) When the cursor is active in the Define/Edit pane, this deletes the selected text from a text box or the selected rows from a ply lay-up order table.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1936 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Laminate Browser The Laminate browser, located on the left side of the HyperLaminate window, provides a vertical tree view of the materials, laminates, and HLS loadcases in your model. For the OptiStruct and Nastran user profiles the browser also includes size design variables. On launching HyperLaminate, the Laminate Browser is populated with all the relevant materials, laminate definitions, HLS loadcases, and size design variables existing in the HyperMesh database, for the active user profile. The data is presented in a slightly different format for the various user profiles as shown here:

OptiStruct & Nastran

Ansys

Abaqus

The Laminate Browser is organized in a three-level hierarchy: 1.

At the highest level are the entity types: Materials, Laminates, HLS loadcases, and Design Variables.

2.

At the intermediate level are the entity sub-types or card images. These are: a.

for OptiStruct and Nastran: i.

Materials: MAT1, MAT2 and MAT8

ii. Laminates: PCOMP and PCOMPG iii HLS loadcases: In-plane loads and In-plane strains

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iv. Design variables: DESVAR b.

for Ansys: i.

Materials: MATERIAL and MPDATA

ii.

Laminates: SHELL91, SHELL99, SOLID46 and SOLID 191

iii HLS loadcases: In-plane loads and In-plane strains c.

for Abaqus: i.

Materials: ABAQUS_MATERIAL

ii. Laminates: SOLIDSECTION, SHELLSECTION and SHELLGENERALSECTION iii HLS loadcases: In-plane loads and In-plane strains 3.

At the lowest level are the entities, displayed with the names as defined by you.

Left- or right-clicking on a branch in the browser selects that branch and it becomes highlighted. When an entity (lowest level branch in the tree hierarchy) is selected, the Define/Edit and Review/Results panes are populated with details related to that entity. It is then possible to alter and update the entity definition. Right-clicking on an already selected (highlighted) branch offers context-sensitive operations for that branch. At the highest level (entity types) no operations are available. At the intermediate level (entity sub-types) only one operation is available: New, which will create a new entity of the selected sub-type. For example, if MAT1 is selected and you right-click it and choose New; a new MAT1 entity is created. At the lowest level (entities) three operations are available; Rename, which allows the entity to be renamed; Duplicate, which creates a copy of the selected entity; and Delete, which will delete the selected entity. For Laminates a fourth operation is available: to export HLS results for the selected laminate to a file. From the Laminate Browser it is possible to: Create entities Review entities Update entities Rename entities Duplicate entities Delete Entities

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1938 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Create Entities There are three options for creating new entities in HyperLaminate: 1.

Select an intermediate level branch (an entity sub-type or card image) from the browser tree.

2.

Right-click selected entity sub-type. A context-sensitive menu appears with one option: New

3.

Click New. A new entity appears under the selected branch.

Or 1.

Select an intermediate level branch (an entity sub-type or card image) from the browser tree.

2.

Select New from the File pull-down menu. A new entity appears under the selected branch.

Or 1.

Select an intermediate level branch (an entity sub-type or card image) from the browser tree.

2.

Click the New icon,

, on the toolbar.

A new entity appears under the selected branch. A default name and ID are assigned to each newly created entity.

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Review and Update Entities 1.

Right-or left-click an entity (lowest level in tree hierarchy) in the Laminate Browser tree to select it. The selected entity is highlighted. The Define/Edit and Review/Results panes are populated with details of that entity.

2.

Make the desired changes to the entity definition in the Define/Edit pane and click Apply or Update Laminate to update the entity.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1940 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Rename Entities 1.

Right- or left-click an entity (lowest level in tree hierarchy) in the Laminate Browser tree to select it.

2.

Right-click the selected entity. A context-sensitive menu appears with three options: Rename, Duplicate, and Delete.

3.

Click Rename. The name of the selected entity in the Laminate Browser switches to a text box.

4.

Enter the desired new name in the text box. You can also rename an entity by altering the relevant field in the Define/Edit pane and then clicking Apply or Update Laminate.

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Duplicate Entities 1.

Right- or left-click an entity (lowest level in tree hierarchy) in the Laminate Browser tree to select it.

2.

Right-click the selected entity. A context sensitive menu appears with several options.

3.

Click Duplicate. A duplicate of the entity is created and appears in the Laminate Browser.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1942 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Delete Entities There are three options for deleting entities in HyperLaminate: 1.

Right- or left-click an entity (lowest level in tree hierarchy) in the Laminate Browser tree to select it.

2.

Right-click the selected entity. A context-sensitive menu appears with several options.

3.

Click Delete. A confirmation dialog is displayed.

4.

Click Yes. The entity is deleted and disappears from the Laminate Browser.

Or 1.

Right-or left-click an entity (lowest level in tree hierarchy) in the Laminate Browser tree to select it.

2.

Select Delete from the Edit pull-down menu. A confirmation dialog is displayed.

3.

Click Yes. The entity is deleted and disappears from the Laminate Browser.

Or 1.

Right- or left-click an entity (lowest level in tree hierarchy) in the Laminate Browser tree to select it.

2.

Click the Delete icon,

, on the toolbar.

A confirmation dialog is displayed. 3.

Click Yes. The entity is deleted and disappears from the Laminate Browser.

Note:

Abaqus materials that are created but not defined (they appear in a red font in Laminate Browser) may not be deleted, as they do not really exist. To delete these undefined materials, either complete their definition (by clicking Edit – which takes you to the HyperMesh material card previewer) or exit and restart HyperLaminate (in which case the undefined materials are purged).

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HyperLaminate Solver The HyperLaminate Solver (HLS) uses classical laminated plate theory to analyze composite laminates subject to various in-plane and thermal loading conditions. The solver is integrated into the HyperLaminate module of HyperMesh. The following functionality is provided: 1.

to define and edit HLS loadcases

2.

to select a subset of HLS loadcases for analysis for each laminate

3.

to perform the analysis

4.

to review the results of the analysis for each laminate

5.

to export the results to an external file

When a laminate is selected from the Laminate browser, an Assign LoadCases button is present in the lower left corner of the Define/Edit pane. This button launches the LoadCase Definition GUI, allowing the user to select which HLS loadcases the current laminate will be analyzed for.

The LoadCase Definition dialog allow s you to select loadcases for the current laminate.

Once the desired loadcases are selected, the analysis can be performed for the current laminate by clicking the Calculate button. Once the analysis is complete several results tabs will appear in the Review/Results pane, namely: Stiffness/Material Matrix Mid-Plane Results Global System Results Material System Results Principal Results Invariant Results These results will remain so long as the laminate is not updated. Once a laminate is updated, the results will no longer be valid and therefore the results tabs are removed. Clicking the Calculate button will re-launch the HyperLaminate Solver and populate the results tabs for the updated laminate definition.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1944 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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To Select HLS loadcases for the current laminate 1.

Click Assign LoadCases button. The LoadCase Definition dialog opens.

2.

Check the boxes corresponding to the loadcases to be selected.

3.

Click Assign to save the information.

4.

Click Close to close the dialog.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1946 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Define/Edit Pane The Define/Edit Pane, the central pane of the HyperLaminate window, allows you to edit the definition of the selected entity. On selecting an entity in the Laminate Browser the Define/Edit pane is populated with the current definition. The configuration of the Define/Edit pane differs for different user profiles and sub-types (card images). Materials For OptiStruct, Nastran and Ansys materials, all material property information for the selected material may be edited in the Define/Edit pane. Once the desired changes have been made, clicking Apply will save those changes for the current HyperLaminate session (it is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate). To reset all material property fields to zero you can click the Clear button. Below are screenshots showing the Define/Edit pane for an OptiStruct MAT8 definition and an Ansys MATERIAL definition:

OptiStruct – Materials – MAT8

Ansys – Materials – MATERIAL

For Abaqus materials, you may rename or redefine the color of the material in the Define/Edit pane, but to fully define the material properties you must click the Edit button. Clicking the Edit button takes you to the material card previewer in the HyperMesh GUI, where you can review and alter the definition of the selected material. Once you have finished reviewing/editing the material, clicking return will return you to the HyperLaminate GUI. As with the other user profiles, to reset all material property fields to zero you can click the Clear button. A screenshot of the Define/Edit pane for an Abaqus material is shown here:

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Abaqus – Materials – ABAQUS_MATERIAL

Laminates For laminates, the Define/Edit pane allows the laminate name, HyperMesh entity color, stacking sequence convention, and the ply lay-up order to be edited. In addition, HLS loadcases may be selected (through the Assign LoadCases button) and solved (through the Calculate button) for the current laminate. This is for all supported user profiles and laminate sub-types. An example of the Define/Edit pane for an Abaqus SOLIDSECTION laminate is shown here:

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1948 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Abaqus – Laminates – SOLIDSECTION

There are a number of options for Convention for the stacking sequence: a.

Total: The Ply lay-up order table describes the laminate in its entirety.

b.

Symmetric: The Ply lay-up order table describes the bottom half of the laminate. The top half of the laminate is the mirror image of the bottom half. The ply angles used for the top half are the same as the ply angles used in the bottom half.

c.

Antisymmetric: The Ply lay-up order table describes the bottom half of the laminate. The top half of the laminate is the mirror image of the bottom half. The ply angles used for the top half have the opposite sign to the ply angles used in the bottom half (but 0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 remain as 0, 90, 180, 270, and 360, respectively).

d.

Symmetric-Midlayer: The Ply lay-up order table describes the bottom half of the laminate and a midlayer (or core). The midlayer is the last ply defined in the table. The top half of the laminate is the mirror image of the bottom half. The midlayer is not reflected. The ply angles used for the top half are the same as the ply angles used in the bottom half. Due to the midlayer, the total number of plies is always odd.

e.

Antisymmetric-Midlayer: The Ply lay-up order table describes the bottom half of the laminate and

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a midlayer (or core). The midlayer is the last ply defined in the table. The top half of the laminate is the mirror image of the bottom half. The midlayer is not reflected. The ply angles used for the top half have the opposite sign to the ply angles used in the bottom half (but 0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 remain as 0, 90, 180, 270, and 360, respectively). Due to the midlayer, the total number of plies is always odd. f.

Repeat: The Ply lay-up order table describes a single sub-laminate which is repeated a number of times. The number of repetitions is determined by the number entered in the Repetitions: field (which is activated when this Convention is chosen).

It is possible to choose between constant and variable ply thickness for certain user profiles; variable ply thickness allows up to four nodal thicknesses to be defined for each ply. An example of the Define/Edit pane for an Ansys SHELL99 laminate with variable ply thickness is shown, following:

Ansys – Laminates – SHELL99

It is also possible to choose a common thickness for all plies. Common thickness gives every ply in the laminate the same thickness. The Ply lay-up order table describes the laminate from the bottom ply (most negative Z) moving upwards (increasing in positive Z direction). Each row of the table defines the material, ply thickness and ply orientation for a number of plies (defined by the No. of repetitions field and based on the selected Convention). The number of integration points for each ply (or group of plies) is also provided in the table.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1950 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

This number is used by the HyperLaminate Solver, as well as the external FEA solver when applicable. Rows are added to the table by completing the Add/Update plies: entry fields and clicking the Add New Ply button. Rows may be inserted in the table, either above or below selected rows (choose from the Above Selected or Below Selected radio buttons), by clicking the Insert New Ply button. Rows may be cut, copied from, pasted to, or deleted from the table using the toolbar, pull-down Edit menu, or CTRL+X, CTRL+C, CTRL+V, and CTRL+D respectively. Select multiple rows by selecting one row and then, with the CTRL key held down, selecting other rows (alternatively, multiple rows may be selected with the SHIFT key held down; this will retain the current selection and add all the rows between the current selection and the newly selected row). Rows are always pasted above the selected rows when multiple rows are selected the clipboard contents are pasted above each selected row. All fields in the Ply lay-up order table may be edited. It is also possible to edit multiple rows at once. Select multiple rows as described in the previous paragraph. When multiple rows are selected, the Add/Update plies: fields are populated with the information common to the selected rows. Blank fields indicate that not all of the selected rows contain the same values for that field. Changes can be made to the Add/Update plies: fields and Update Selection can be clicked to update the selected rows with the updated information (no changes occur to the selected rows for blank fields). For the OptiStruct and Nastran user profiles it is possible to request stress and failure theory output. Each row of the Ply lay-up order table has an SOUT field, which when set to YES includes the plies described by that row in the stress output and the failure theory calculation. It is possible to set the SOUT field individually for each row, or for all rows at once through the Output ply stress results: field under the Stress and failure theory output: heading. Once one or more SOUT fields are set to YES it is possible to activate failure theory calculation, by checking the Failure Theory check-box, selecting a theory from the pull-down list and defining an Interlaminar shear allowable: value. An example of the Define/Edit pane for an OptiStruct PCOMPG laminate is shown below:

1951 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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OptiStruct – Laminates – PCOMPG

The Ply lay-up order table for the OptiStruct and Nastran PCOMPG laminate sub-type is different from other laminate sub-types in that it has a GPLYID field. This field is used to assign a global ply ID to a ply definition (the global ply ID is a post-processing aid). As this ID should not be repeated within the same laminate, the No. of repetitions field is not available for PCOMPG. For PCOMPG each row in the Ply lay-up order table should represent a single ply so only the Total stacking convention should be used for PCOMPG, but this is not enforced in the GUI. For the OptiStruct and Nastran user profiles it is possible to assign a design variable to a thickness or orientation field in the Ply lay-up order table. Checking the Optimization check-box expands the Ply lay-up order table, adding extra fields to the right of the Thickness T1 and Orientation 0 fields. Design variables may be selected in these extra fields. Selecting a design variable to the right of a thickness or orientation assigns the selected design variable to that thickness or orientation. Click Update Laminate to apply all the changes for the current HyperLaminate session (it is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate). The Define/Edit pane for Laminates also provides access to the HyperLaminate Solver. A number of

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1952 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

inplane loading scenarios (HLS loadcases) may be solved for a given laminate. The HLS loadcases are selected on the LoadCase Definition dialog, which is launched by clicking on the Assign LoadCases button.

LoadCase Definition GUI

HLS loadcases with a check in the Active column are selected for the current laminate. Different HLS loadcases may be selected for different laminates. Having selected the appropriate loadcases, click Apply and then Close to exit the dialog. Once the loadcases are selected, clicking on the Calculate button launches the HyperLaminate Solver. The Review/Results pane is then populated with several tabs containing the HyperLaminate Solver results. As shown here:

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Hyperlaminte Solver results

HLS loadcases For all user profiles the HLS loadcases branch allows various in-plane loading scenarios to be defined and stored. The loading scenarios can be either load based or strain based. All information for the selected HLS loadcase may be edited in the Define/Edit pane. Once the desired changes have been made, clicking Apply will save those changes for the current HyperLaminate session (it is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate). To reset all fields for the selected HLS loadcase to zero, you can click the Clear button.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1954 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Design Variables For the OptiStruct and Nastran user profiles, the DESVAR design variable card is supported in HyperLaminate. All information for the selected design variable may be edited in the Define/Edit pane. Once the desired changes have been made, clicking Apply will save those changes for the current HyperLaminate session (it is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate). To reset all fields for the selected design variable to their default values, you can click the Clear button.

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To Define a new HyperLaminate Solver loadcase 1.

Use one of the following three methods to create a new HLS loadcase in HyperLaminate: Method 1: 1. Select a sub-type under the HLS loadcases branch of the Laminate browser. 2. Right-click the selected sub-type. A context-sensitive menu appears with one option: New. 3. Click New. A new loadcase appears under the selected branch. Method 2: 1.

Select a sub-type under the HLS loadcases branch of the Laminate browser.

2.

Select New from the File pull-down menu. A new loadcase appears under the selected branch.

Method 3: 1.

Select a sub-type under the HLS loadcases branch of the Laminate browser.

2.

Click the new icon,

, on the toolbar.

A new loadcase appears under the selected branch. A default name and ID are assigned to newly created HLS loadcases. 2.

The newly created loadcase is automatically selected in the Laminate browser and the Define/Edit pane takes on the appropriate configuration.

3.

If desired, a new name for the laminate may be entered in the Loadcase: field.

4.

Provide the loadcase definition by filling in the entry fields in the Define/Edit pane.

5.

Click Apply to save the changes for the current HyperLaminate session. (It is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate.)

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1956 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

To Review or modify an existing HL Solver loadcase 1.

Select the loadcase to be edited from the Laminate Browser. The Define/Edit and Review/Results panes are populated with the selected loadcase definition.

2.

Edit the data fields in the Define/Edit pane. Data may be cut, copied from, pasted to, or deleted from the data fields using the toolbar, pull-down Edit menu, or CTRL+X, CTRL+C, CTRL+V, and CTRL+D respectively. Clicking Clear will reset all fields to zero. Each change is reflected in the Review/Results pane.

3.

If desired, a new name for the loadcase may be entered in the Loadcase: field

4.

Click Apply to save the changes for the current HyperLaminate session. (It is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate.) The final loadcase definition is displayed on the Review tab.

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Review/Results Pane The Review/Results pane (the right-hand pane of the HyperLaminate window) allows you to review the information pertaining to the selected entity as well as displaying HyperLaminate Solver results for laminates. On selecting an entity in the Laminate Browser, the Review/Results pane displays the current definition of that entity. Materials For OptiStruct, Nastran and Ansys materials, all material property information for the selected material is displayed in the Review/Results pane. This information is updated as the definitions are altered in the Define/Edit pane. For Abaqus materials, no information is displayed in the Review/Results pane. Laminates For laminate definitions for all user profiles, the Review/Results pane a Review tab and several results tabs: Stiffness/Material Matrix Mid-Plane Results Global System Results Material System Results Principal Results Invariant Results Information displayed on these results tabs is for the saved laminate definition, and is removed when the Update Laminate button is clicked. The results tabs reappear if you run the HyperLaminate Solver for the updated definition by clicking the Calculate button. The Review tab is headed by the laminate name, the total number of plies in the laminate, and the total thickness of the laminate. This is followed by a description of the laminate, listing the plies in order from the bottom ply (most negative z), showing a graphical representation of each ply’s orientation and listing the referenced material, thickness, and orientation. The Stiffness/Material Matrix tab provides the two sets of matrices. The first set of matrices are the composite shell stiffness matrices, more commonly referred to as the ABD matrices. The second set of matrices are the equivalent material matrices. These are used by many finite element solvers to represent the laminated composite as a homogenized shell. The remaining results tabs present results of the HyperLaminate Solver. HLS loadcases For all user profiles, information for the selected HLS loadcase is displayed in the Review/Results pane. This information is updated as the definitions are altered in the Define/Edit pane. Design Variables For OptiStruct and Nastran user profiles, information for the selected design variable is displayed in the Review pane. This information is updated as the definitions are altered in the Define/Edit pane.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1958 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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Define a New Material: 1.

Use one of the following three methods to create a new material in HyperLaminate: Method 1: 1.

Select a sub-type under the material branch of the Laminate browser.

2.

Right-click the selected material sub-type. A context sensitive menu appears with one option: New

3.

Click New. A new material appears under the selected branch.

Method 2: 1.

Select a sub-type under the material branch of the Laminate browser.

2.

Select New from the File pull-down menu. A new material appears under the selected branch.

Method 3: 1.

Select a sub-type under the material branch of the Laminate browser.

2.

Click the new icon,

, on the toolbar.

A new material appears under the selected branch. A default name and ID are assigned to newly created materials. 2.

The newly created material is automatically selected in the Laminate browser and the Define/Edit pane takes on the appropriate configuration for the selected material sub-type.

For the OptiStruct, Nastran and Ansys user profiles 3.

If desired, a new name for the material may be entered in the Material: field or the material color may be altered by clicking the color swatch and selecting a new color from the pop-up color palette.

4.

Provide the material definition by filling in the entry fields in the Define/Edit pane.

5.

Click Apply to save the changes for the current HyperLaminate session. (It is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate.)

For the Abaqus user profile: 3.

Click Edit and provide the material definition in the HyperMesh card previewer.

4.

Click return. This returns you to the HyperLaminate GUI

5.

If desired, a new name for the material may be entered in the Material: field or the material color may be altered by clicking the color swatch and selecting a new color from the pop-up color palette.

6.

Click Apply to save the changes. Note:

It is not possible to rename an Abaqus material until after it has been defined (edited). Also it is not possible to create a new Abaqus material if an undefined material definition already

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exists (appears in a red font in Laminate Browser).

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Review or Modify an Existing Material 1.

Select the material to be edited from the Laminate Browser. The Define/Edit and Review/Results panes are populated with the selected material definition.

For the OptiStruct, Nastran and Ansys user profiles: 2.

Edit the data fields in the Define/Edit pane. Data may be cut, copied from, pasted to, or deleted from the data fields using the toolbar, pull-down Edit menu, or CTRL+X, CTRL+C, CTRL+V, and CTRL+D respectively. Clicking Clear will reset all fields to zero. Each change is reflected in the Review/Results pane.

3.

If desired, a new name for the material may be entered in the Material: field, or the material color may be altered by clicking the color swatch and selecting a new color from the pop-up color palette.

4.

Click Apply to save the changes for the current HyperLaminate session. (It is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate.) The final material definition is displayed in the Review tab.

For the Abaqus user profile: 2.

Click Edit to see the material definition in the HyperMesh card previewer.

3.

Make all desired changes to the material definition in the card previewer.

4.

Click return. This returns you to the HyperLaminate GUI.

5.

If desired, a new name for the material may be entered in the Material: field or the material color may be altered by clicking the color swatch and selecting a new color from the pop-up color palette.

6.

Click Apply to save the changes.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1962 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Define a New Laminate 1.

Use one of the following three methods to create a new laminate in HyperLaminate: Method 1: 1.

Select a sub-type under the laminates branch of the Laminate Browser.

2.

Right-click the selected sub-type. A context-sensitive menu appears with one option: New

3.

Click New. A new laminate appears under the selected branch.

Method 2: 1. Select a sub-type under the laminates branch of the Laminate browser. 2. Select New from the File pull-down menu. A new laminate appears under the selected branch. Method 3: 1.

Select a sub-type under the laminates branch of the Laminate browser.

2.

Click the new icon,

, on the toolbar.

A new laminate appears under the selected branch. A default name and ID are assigned to newly created laminates. 2.

The newly created laminate is automatically selected in the Laminate browser and the Define/Edit pane takes on the appropriate configuration for the selected laminate sub-type.

3.

If desired, a new name for the laminate may be entered in the Laminate name: field or the component color may be altered by clicking the color swatch and selecting a new color from the pop-up color palette.

4.

For OptiStruct and Nastran user profiles, define the Stress and failure theory output: information as desired.

5.

For all user profiles, define the Stacking sequence convention: information. a) For Convention:, select one of the following stacking sequence conventions. Total Symmetric Antisymmetric Symmetric-Midlayer Antisymmetric-Midlayer Repeat If you select Repeat, specify how many times you want to repeat the entire block of entry rows. b) For Ply thickness:, select Constant or Variable.

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Note:

The option to switch between constant or variable thickness is only available for certain laminate sub-types.

If Constant is selected, the Ply lay-up order table includes a single thickness column: Thickness T1 If Variable is selected, the Ply lay-up order table includes multiple thickness columns: Thickness T1 Thickness T2 Thickness T3 Thickness T4 c) For Constant ply thickness, you can check the Common Thickness box and specify a thickness to be used by all the entry rows. Having checked the Common Thickness box and entered a common thickness value, if you now uncheck the box, the thickness fields retain the common thickness value, but are now editable. 6.

Complete the Ply lay-up order table. Add/insert rows by completing the Add/Update plies: fields and clicking Add New Ply or Insert New Ply (for Insert New Ply, it is possible to choose to insert the ply above or below the selected rows). Note:

The number of rows in the table is not the number of plies. This is governed by the stacking convention and the number of repetitions.

Data may be cut, copied from, pasted to, or deleted from selected fields using the toolbar, pull-down Edit menu or CTRL+X, CTRL+C, CTRL+V and CTRL+D, respectively. Table rows may also be cut, copied from, pasted to, or deleted from, using the toolbar, pull-down Edit menu or CTRL+X, CTRL+C, CTRL+V, and CTRL+D, respectively. Note:

Rows are always pasted above selected rows.

Note:

When multiple non-sequential rows are copied and then pasted, they will be pasted as sequential rows. For example, if rows 1 and 3 are copied and pasted at row 7, row 1 will be pasted as row 7, row 3 will be pasted as row 8, and what was row 7 will now be row 9.

7.

For the OptiStruct and Nastran user profiles it is possible to define thickness and orientation fields in the Ply lay-up order table as designable and to assign design variables to them.

8.

Click Update Laminate to save the changes for the current HyperLaminate session. (It is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate.)

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1964 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Review and Modify an Existing Laminate 1.

Select the laminate to be edited from the Laminate Browser. The Define/Edit and Review/Results panes are populated with the selected laminate definition.

2.

The laminate definition may be modified in the Define/Edit pane in a manner similar to defining a new laminate. (See Define a New Laminate.)

3.

Click Update Laminate to save the changes for the current HyperLaminate session. (It is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate.)

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Define a New Design Variable Design variables are only supported for the OptiStruct and Nastran user profiles. 1.

Use one of the following three methods to create a new design variable in HyperLaminate: Method 1: 1.

Select a sub-type under the design variable branch of the Laminate browser (only sub-type available is DESVAR).

2.

Right-click the selected sub-type. A context-sensitive menu appears with one option: New.

3.

Click New. A new design variable appears under the selected branch.

Method 2: 1.

Select a sub-type under the design variable branch of the Laminate browser (only sub-type available is DESVAR).

2.

Select New from the File pull-down menu. A new design variable appears under the selected branch.

Method 3: 1.

Select a sub-type under the design variable branch of the Laminate browser (only sub-type available is DESVAR).

2.

Click the new icon,

, on the toolbar.

A new design variable appears under the selected branch. A default name and ID are assigned to newly created design variables. 2.

The newly created design variable is automatically selected in the Laminate browser and the Define/ Edit pane takes on the appropriate configuration.

3.

If desired, a new name for the laminate may be entered in the Desvar: field.

4.

Initial, lower bound, and upper bound values for the design variable can be entered in the appropriate data fields.

5.

Checking the Move limit box activates the Move limit field, where a move limit value other than the default of 0.5 may be entered.

6.

Checking the Ddval ID box activates the Ddval ID field, where the ID of a discrete value list may be entered.

7.

Click Apply to save the changes for the current HyperLaminate session. (It is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate.)

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1966 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Review and Modify an Existing Design Variable 1.

Select the design variable to be edited from the Laminate browser. The Define/Edit and Review panes are populated with the selected design variable definition.

2.

Edit the data fields in the Define/Edit pane. Data may be cut, copied from, pasted to, or deleted from the data fields using the toolbar, pull-down Edit menu or CTRL+X, CTRL+C, CTRL+V, and CTRL+D, respectively. Clicking Clear will reset all fields to their default values. Each change is reflected in the Review pane.

3.

Click Apply to save the changes for the current HyperLaminate session. (It is important to remember that the HyperMesh database is only updated on exit from HyperLaminate.)

The final design variable definition is displayed in the Review tab.

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HyperBeam HyperBeam is a tool within HyperMesh that allows you to visualize and control 2-D beam cross sections. These beamsections can be defined using geometry and element data from HyperMesh or can be chosen from our selection of solver libraries. Once defined these beamsections calculate and maintain cross section results that can be used in HyperMesh to create one-dimensional element property data for an FEA model.

The grey elements in the image to the left represent a structure w e w ould like to stiffen by adding I-beams dow n the length of it. The image to the right is the 3D visualization of 1D bar elements running along 5 separate node paths.

References The following sources were used in the creation of HyperBeam documentation: 1.

W.D. Pilkey, Analysis and Design of Elastic Beams, Wiley & Sons, New York, 2002.

2.

H. Göldner, ed., Lehrbuch – Höhere Festigkeitslehre, Fachbuchverlag, Leipzig, 1979.

3.

A. Gjelsvik, The Theory of Thin Walled Bars, Wiley & Sons, New York, 1981.

4.

U. Schramm, V. Rubenchik, and W.D. Pilkey, Beam Stiffness Matrix based on the Elasticity Equations, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997) 211-232.

See also HM–4450: Introduction to HyperBeam HM–4020: Obtaining and Assigning Beam Cross-Section Properties using HyperBeam HyperBeam panel

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1968 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

HyperBeam View The HyperBeam View allows you to create and control HyperBeam beamsection data within HyperMesh. It is the view located furthest to the right in the Model Browser ( ). HyperBeam View can be divided into the following sections: Section Browser & Parameter Definition, Graphics Window, Results Pane and the Toolbar. To exit HyperBeam View and return to HyperMesh either click another view in the model browser or select Exit from the File menu.

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Section Browser and Parameter Definition The Section Browser presents a hierarchical view of all of the beamsections and beamsection collectors in your database. HyperBeam displays this hierarchy in a standard tree structure of beamsections residing inside of beamsection collectors. You can use the Section Browser to find a particular section of your model for displaying or editing. By clicking on a beamsection in the Section Browser it becomes highlighted and the results are displayed in the Results Pane. Additionally, the parameters are listed and available for editing in the Parameter Definition Window. Note: Only standard and shell sections have editable parameters in the Parameter Definition Window. Generic sections must be edited in the Results Pane itself, and solid sections don’t have editable parameters.

The beamsections and beamsection collectors can be sorted alphabetically, by ID or by the config column. The config column lists the type of section: Shell, Solid, Generic and various types of standard sections including Channel, I-Sect, L-Sect, and so on. Known limitations: Dragging, dropping, copying and pasting have not been implemented yet in our new browser. Please use HyperMesh to organize your beamsections.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1970 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Context Menu The context-sensitive menu available in the HyperBeam View contains options for creating and editing beamsections.

The Create option allows you to create beam collectors, standard beamsections and generic beam sections. Note that the only standard section libraries listed are those of the current HyperMesh user profile and the HyperMesh general standard section library. Delete, Rename, Collapse All, and Expand All follow general HyperMesh procedures. Make Current is only available for beamsection collectors and allows user to control in which collector new beamsections will be created. There are two options in the context sensitive menu that are only available for shell sections: Edit and Export CSV. Edit allows you to control the thickness and naming of each part in the beamsection. The

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connectivity order simply lists the vertices that define the highlighted part.

Export CSV… allows you to capture the beamsection name, each part within the section, its thickness, and each vertex number and position in a CSV file. Multiple shell sections can be selected and exported using +. Known limitations: Breaking, merging and advanced shell section editing isn’t available yet in HyperBeam View. Please use the shell section subpanel of the hyperbeam panel in HyperMesh to appropriately define shell and solid sections.

Parameter Definition The Parameter Definition window is located below the section browser.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1972 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

The Parameter Definition window serves two functions in the HyperBeam View: it allows you to edit the dimensions of supported standard beamsections, and it allows you to edit the Y and Z values for vertices of shell sections. The Graphics Window is updated and the dimension values are automatically saved upon each entry. Use and to quickly navigate through the parameters.

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HyperBeam View Toolbar The toolbar in HyperBeam View allows you to control two options.

The first option is a simple background grid on/off control. The grid allows you to quickly resolve the relative size of each section. The second option, represented by four buttons, allows you to control the orientation with respect to the local origin of a standard section in the HyperBeam standard section library. Standard sections within the solver libraries already have a set orientation that maps to the solver, so this option is not available for any sections other than those defined in the HyperBeam library.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1974 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Graphics Window The graphics window displays a representation of the geometric layout of the section. All sections have the following display items:

Local origin of the beamsection

Section Centroid Shear Center Standard sections display the geometric representation of the section based on the parameter values, which are also listed on the screen.

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For shell sections each part is drawn with lines connecting the dots that show the section's vertices.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1976 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Solid sections aren’t editable in the HyperBeam View, but the mesh that is used for the section calculations is shown.

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Since generic sections don’t inherently have any shape, only a grey box is shown. To modify a generic section, you can type in the results pane. The centroid and shear center graphics location will update.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1978 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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HyperBeam Results Pane Whenever HyperBeam computes the section properties of the current section, it displays them in the results pane. You cannot edit the text in this portion of the window for standard, shell and solid sections, but you can select it and copy/paste it into another application. Note that the only way to change the parameters of a generic section is to edit the values in the results pane.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1980 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

1981 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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HyperBeam Sections The following sections can be defined in HyperBeam: 1.

2.

3.

4.

Standard Section: -

Standard sections allow you to automatically define solver supported sections. Each supported solver has a library of supported sections, and section type and dimensions can be edited in HyperBeam.

-

3-D visualization is available in HyperMesh.

Shell Section: -

Shell sections allow you to define thin cross-sections with geometric lines or 1-D elements. Once the cross-section is initially selected in HyperMesh, you can create the section and edit it in HyperBeam.

-

3-D visualization is available in HyperMesh.

Solid Section: -

Solid sections allow you to define solid beam cross-sections with continuous 2-D elements, connecting lines that have a closed loop, and continuous surfaces. Once the solid section is initially selected in HyperMesh it cannot be edited in HyperBeam.

-

3-D visualization is available in HyperMesh.

Generic Section: -

Generic sections allow you to define sections without defining actual cross-section geometry. Areas, inertias, centroids, and other coefficients are supported.

-

No 3-D visualization is available in HyperMesh.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1982 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Example: Creating and Assigning a Standard Section This example illustrates how HyperBeam can be used to create and assign a standard section to a Radioss Bulk, OptiStruct PBARL property. It assumes that the Radioss Bulk or OptiStruct user profile is loaded and uses the file standard_section.hm from \tutorials\hm.

The grey elements in the image to the left represent a structure we would like to stiffen by adding I-beams down the length of it. The image to the right is the 3D visualization of 1D bar elements running along 5 separate node paths.

HyperBeam View is the furthest view to the right in the model browser ( ). Standard sections can be created by right-clicking on the browser and selecting the appropriate section. In this case we will be using an Radioss Bulk, OptiStruct I section with the parameters specified below.

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Once HyperBeam solves the cross sectional properties, it is necessary to attach the beam section to a PBAR card image. This can be done in the Property tab of the Create Component dialog in the Model Browser.

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After the new component and property are created with the beamsection attached, the bar element can be defined in the bars panel in the 1D menu-page.

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Bar element alignment using HyperBeam sections is very straightforward since standard sections are defined using an absolute y-direction. The direction specified in the Bars panel defines the alignment of the beamsection’s y-direction. In this case, the positive z-direction in the Bars panel will align with the y-direction of the HyperBeam section. Since the centerline of a 1D beam element is defined about the section’s shear center, elemental offsets are frequently required. In this case, we have added z-offsets at both ends of each element to align the I-beams flush with the plate. To fully visualize the 1D element in HyperMesh, find the display option in the visualization toolbar (

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1986 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Example: Creating and Assigning a Shell Section This example illustrates how HyperBeam can be used to create and assign a shell section to a Radioss Bulk, OptiStruct PBAR property. It assumes that the Radioss Bulk or OptiStruct user profile is loaded and uses the file shell_section.hm from \tutorials\hm.

The blue lines are plot elements denoting the beam section. Elements or lines can be used to describe a beam cross section. The purple lines are plot elements used to align the section within HyperBeam. The shell section subpanel is selected from the hyperbeam panel in the 1D menu-page. The selector type is set to elems and the blue plot elements are selected. Under cross section plane: project to plane is then selected.

N1, N2, and N3 locations are selected as shown in the following figure. The plane base node, or origin, is set to the shear center.

1987 Altair HyperMesh User's Guide Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

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The vector created by N1 to N2 describes the local y-axis used in HyperBeam. N3 describes the positive sense of the z-axis. It is important to note the alignment of the local axes at this point. Later, it will be necessary to know this when the beam section is aligned for bar elements. HyperBeam View is invoked when you click create.

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Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 1988 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Once HyperBeam solves the cross sectional properties, it is necessary to attach the beam section to a PBAR card image. This can be done in the Property tab of the Create Component dialog in the Model Browser.

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After the new component and property are created with the beamsection attached, the bar element can be defined in the bars panel in the 1D menu-page.

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Bar element alignment using HyperBeam sections is very straightforward if the section has been defined using an absolute y-direction. The direction specified in the Bars panel defines the alignment of the beamsection’s y-direction. In this case, the positive y-direction in the Bars panel will align with the y-direction of the HyperBeam section. To fully visualize the 1D element in HyperMesh, find the display option in the visualization toolbar (

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).

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Cross Sectional Properties Calculated by HyperBeam The beam cross section is always defined in a y,z plane. The x-axis is defined along the beam axis. The coordinate system defined by the user is called the local coordinate system; the system parallel to the local coordinate system with the origin in the centroid is called the centroidal coordinate system; the system referring to the principal bending axes is called the principal coordinate system. For shell sections, only the theory of thin walled bars is used. This means that for the calculation of the moments and product of inertia, terms of higher order of the shell thickness t are neglected. Thickness warping is also neglected.

Area

Area Moments of Inertia

Area Product of Inertia

Radius of Gyration

Elastic Section Modulus

Max Coordinate Extension

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Plastic Section Modulus

Torsional Constant

Solid

(see below for warping function) Shell open

Shell closed

Elastic Torsion Modulus

Solid

Shell open

Shell closed

Shear Center

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Warping Constant (normalized to the shear center)

Shear deformation coefficients

Shear stiffness factors

Shear stiffness

Warping Function

For solid sections, the warping function is computed using a finite element formulation. This may lead to un-physically high stresses in geometric singularities (sharp corners) that get worse with mesh refinement. This may cause problems computing the

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elastic torsion modulus.

Nastran Type Notation

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Working with Beamsections in HyperMesh Beamsections are handled slightly differently in each HyperMesh user profile, although certain features remain constant.

Components, Properties, Elements and Beamsections HyperMesh offers a great number of ways to organize a FEA model. Understanding the connection between components, properties, elements and beamsections is important for 1D beam modeling. The Model Browser allows you to create a component, property and material all at once and verifies that everything is appropriately assigned. It also allows you to assign an existing beamsection to the property. This is probably the simplest way to create and organize components for 1D modeling.

Clicking the Create property button in the Create component dialog accesses the property card for the component.

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Every element, including beam, bar and rod elements, must exist within a component. A property can be assigned to a component, or to an individual element. If there is a conflict with properties assigned directly to elements and properties assigned to components, direct element property assignment takes precedence. 1D properties hold the section information such as areas, inertias or even specific dimensions in the case of standard sections. 1D elements hold the orientation and connectivity information. Beamsections hold section geometry information and section calculation data (just the same as a 1D property). In fact when a beamsection is assigned to a property, it will automatically take over the property and fill in the necessary fields. The 3D visualization operates based on the beamsection’s stored geometric data. To disassociate a beamsection from a property, right click the beamsection selector in the property card image.

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Importing and Exporting HyperBeam Comments Importing On import of an FEA model, the default behavior for HyperMesh is to automatically create beamsections for all bar, beam, and rod properties that don’t already have beamsections defined. These beam sections automatically populate bar, beam, and rod property cards and the cross-section should be edited with HyperBeam. 3-D visualization of beams in HyperMesh is only made possible through HyperBeam beamsections and their association to properties.

In order to import an FEA model without HyperMesh automatically creating beamsections for each 1D property, use the custom import feature with beamsections and beamsection collectors unchecked. The section information on the actual property cards will remain intact, but the geometric and section calculation data will be missing.

Exporting Exporting a FEA deck in HyperMesh operates in a similar fashion. HyperBeam comments are written out by default (as are all HyperMesh comments).

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In order to suppress HyperBeam comments from being exported, you must use the custom export feature or the option to turn off all comments is available. Beamsections are stored as HyperBeam comments in an exported deck.

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Example: Importing and Automatic Beamsection Creation This example illustrates the automatic creation of beam sections on import and the visualization of these rods, bars, and beams in HyperMesh. The Radioss Bulk or OptiStruct user profile will be used, along with the pbeaml.fem input file from \tutorials\hm. Use a text editor to inspect the following file: pbeaml.fem.

There are no beam sections or HyperBeam comments defined in this input file. When imported, HyperMesh automatically creates beam sections which allow you to visualize the sections in 3-D. Import pbeaml.fem into HyperMesh and make sure the beam visualization (

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) is turned on.

Altair HyperMesh User's Guide 2000 Proprietary Inform ation of Altair Engineering

Importing Geometry The standard CAD translators interface in the Import tab. This is where advanced CAD translator import options can be set.

1.

From the File menu, click Import… or click the Import icon

on the standard toolbar.

This will open up the Import tab. 2.

In the Import Type: drop down list, select Geometry.

3.

In the File type: drop down list, select the file type you’d like to import. You can choose the Auto Detect option to select an input translator automatically.

4.

Click the Select File icon

to choose the file to import. Selected files are displayed in the File

Selection window. You can use the Remove Selection remove files from the window. 5.

and Remove All

icons to quickly

To set advanced import options, click Import Options to expand the panel. If accepting the default import settings, click Import to import your file.

Advanced Import Options 1.

Set the scale factor in the field. This is useful when converting a model created in English units to Metric, for example.

2.

Make a selection in the Cleanup tol: field. The cleanup tolerance is used to determine if two surface edges are the same and if two surface vertices are the same. The cleanup tol toggle controls the following items: if two surface edges are close enough to be automatically combined to shared edges (green edges) if a surface is degenerate and should be removed. If you use the automatic cleanup tol option, the complexity of the surface and edge geometries are taken into account and a tolerance to maximize shared edges (green edges) is selected. The automatic cleanup tolerance value defaults to 100 times what is used internally by the translator. If you want to specify a different value, use the manual cleanup tol option, which must be greater than the default value. The translator modifies data only if the data stays within the original data tolerance. Increasing the tolerance can cause serious problems. When this value is set, any features equal to or less than the tolerance are eliminated. The translator does not include any edge less than tolerance long; if there are edges present that are important to the surface, that surface will be distorted, or will fail to trim properly. Surfaces smaller than the tolerance may not be imported. If the file you have read has many very short edges, it may be worthwhile to reread the file using a larger tolerance. The same holds true if surfaces appear to be "inside out" when surface lines are displayed. The tolerance value should not be set to a value greater than the node tolerance set in the options panel to be used for your element mesh. If you are reading a Catia file, you may need to override the tolerance in the file; in our experience, the

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tolerance in the file is almost always too small (by at least an order of magnitude). The Automatic option takes the complexity of the surfaces and edge geometries into account and a tolerance to maximize shared edges (green edges) is selected. The Manual option allows you to set a specific tolerance in the field. 3.

The Import blanked (no show) components checkbox allows you to control if blanked components in the IGES translator will be imported, as well as components containing “NO SHOW” entities from the Catia translator.

4.

Place a check in the Name components by layer option to activate this option. This option is valid for Catia V4 and Catia V5. For Catia V4, the option is enabled by default, and can’t be disabled. For Catia V5, the option is disabled by default and can be enabled. If this option is enabled, Catia objects from the same layer are grouped into the same component.

5.

Click Apply to import the geometry.

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Import Error Messages When an external input translator is used to import data, a file for messages is created in the directory in which the program was started. This file is named translator.msg, where translator is the name of the translation program being used. This file contains errors, warnings and useful information about the import process. The translators also create a second file that contains extra data from the file being imported. This file is named importfile.hmx, where importfile is the name of the file being imported. This extra data could contain FEA data and keywords not supported and/or generic comments about the data. If the Display Import Errors checkbox is selected on the Import tab, any error messages will display in the Import Process Messages pop-up window. From this window you can choose to display the .hmx file, save the message file or delete the message file. Clicking Close will close the pop up window, but will not remove the message file from your directory.

See also Importing and Exporting Data

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Creating Collectors All entities in an HM database are stored in collectors. Based on the assigned template, each collector may use a dictionary or card image to define the attributes assigned to the collector. The definitions contained in the dictionaries or card image are used to translate models to external analysis codes. The various collector panels allows you to create and update collectors and assign and edit card images or dictionaries.

To create a collector: 1.

From the Collectors menu, select Create and select the type of collector you'd like to create.

2.

Click name = and enter a name for the collector.

3.

Click the switch under creation method:.

4.

-

Select no card image if you do not want to assign a card image.

-

Select card image and then click card image = to select the card image from a list.

-

Select same as and then click same as = to select the collector whose type and card image information you want to copy from an existing collector.

Fill in the rest of the fields and click create to create the collector, or click create/edit to create the collector and immediately edit the card image.

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Changing the Current Component Collector There are multiple ways to change the current component collector:

If you know the name of the component collector: Method 1: 1.

On the Model Browser, expand the list of component collectors.

2.

Right-click on the component collector you wish to set as current.

3.

Choose Make Current from the menu that appears.

Method 2: 1.

The name of the current component collector displays on the status bar; click on that name.

2.

A list of all component collectors appears. Select the component collector to make current by clicking on its name.

If you don’t know the name of the component collector: Method 1: 1.

On the Model Browser, expand the list of component collectors.

2.

Click on the Selector icon and select the component collector in the graphics area. The selected component collector becomes highlighted in the Model Browser.

3.

Right-click on the highlighted component collector.

4.

Choose Make Current from the menu that appears.

Method 2: 1.

The name of the current component collector displays on the status bar; click on that name.

2.

A list of all component collectors appears. Click in the graphics area to specify the component collector to make current.

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Changing the Current Load Collector There are multiple ways to change the current load collector:

If you know the name of the load collector: Method 1: 1.

On the Model Browser, expand the list of load collectors.

2.

Right-click on the load collector you wish to set as current.

3.

Choose Make Current from the menu that appears.

Method 2: 1.

The name of the current load collector displays on the status bar; click on that name.

2.

A list of all load collectors appears. Select the load collector to make current by clicking on its name.

If you don’t know the name of the load collector: Method 1: 1.

On the Model Browser, expand the list of load collectors.

2.

Click on the Selector icon and select the load collector in the graphics area. The selected load collector becomes highlighted in the Model Browser.

3.

Right-click on the highlighted load collector.

4.

Choose Make Current from the menu that appears.

Method 2: 1.

The name of the current load collector displays on the status bar; click on that name.

2.

A list of all load collectors appears. Click in the graphics area to specify the load collector to make current.

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Creating Geometry Data If geometry is not available from a CAD system, you can create or edit geometry using the line and surface builders. The panels used in this process are listed below: lines creation and editing panels Lines

Create lines in a variety of methods, including: from points, at tangents, and at the intersection of other geometry.

Line Edit

Edit existing lines in a variety of methods such as combine, split, smooth, or extend.

Circles

Create circles or arcs.

surfaces creation and editing panels Surfaces

Create surfaces from existing lines or nodes by different methods, such as spline, drag, or spin.

Primitives

Create standard shaped surfaces or solid entities, including squares, spheres, cones, and cylinders.

Surface Edit

Edit existing surfaces by trimming, extending, or shrinking.

Defeature

Edit existing surfaces by removing individual features such as holes or fillets.

point/node creation and editing panels Nodes

Create new nodes. Several methods are available.

Temp Nodes

Add or remove nodes used only for geometry creation or editing.

Creating NURBS surfaces A NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline) surface is a parametric surface defined by control points, knots and weights. The ruled, spline/filler, and drag/spin subpanels of the Surfaces panel can be used to create NURBS surfaces. The spline option creates a surface through 3-D lines. If you select a set of lines that do not form a closed loop, HyperMesh will connect the disconnected lines with straight lines, and create a spline surface and/or mesh in the enclosed area. There is no limit on the number of lines used to create a mesh/surface.

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These lines form one path because they intersect at four points.

These lines form more than one path and cause an error.

The tolerance setting on the Options panel is used to determine the intersections between lines. If the tolerance is too small and an intersection cannot be found, HyperMesh reports an error when you attempt to create the surface. Lines that contain sharp edges can cause problems when you create a surface. These lines result in a more complex surface, which takes longer to create, and slows the automeshing process. These sharp edges are sometimes the result of data created on other CAD/CAM systems and brought into HyperMesh via a translator. These lines may need to be "smoothed" by using the line edit panel or replaced with a new, smooth, line by using the lines panel.

Creating a surface w ith these lines results in a relatively complex surface.

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The "circular" shaped line has been replaced w ith a smooth line, w hich results in a much simpler surface. In some cases the sharp edges are required to represent the model and should not be smoothed.

The skin option can create a skinned surface through a set of lines.

Lines used to define a skinned surface.

A skinned surface created from the lines.

The ruled option can create a ruled surface between two lines.

Lines used to create a ruled surface.

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A ruled surface created from the lines.

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Temporary Nodes A temporary node list retains nodes that are not attached to an element, protecting them from automatic removal by the database management (except for some panels that automatically clear all temporary nodes, i.e., edges, faces, edit elements). There may be times when you wish to use an unattached node later in the modeling process. The Temp Nodes panel allows you to modify the temporary node list. In the Temp Nodes panel, there are three functions: add

Adds selected individual nodes to the temporary node list.

clear

Removes selected individual nodes from the temporary node list.

clear all

Removes all the temporary nodes from the database.

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Picking Surfaces You can display surfaces in wireframe mode or in shaded mode. In wireframe mode, the easiest method of selecting a surface is to pick the surface near its edges or surface visualization lines. If several surfaces share an edge, you can select any one of them by clicking on the edge, and while holding the mouse button down, moving the mouse slightly from side to side. Each surface highlights as selected. Release the mouse button when the desired surface is highlighted. In shaded mode, click anywhere on the surface to select it. Similar to wireframe mode, you can hold the left mouse button down until the surface of interest is highlighted, and release it to confirm the selection. Surface edges may be used in the same way as lines in any surface creation panel, where appropriate. If you use any surface edge lines in the Line Edit panel, duplicates of the lines are created and the operation is applied to the duplicates.

See also Line Edit panel General Process for Building Models

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Editing Surfaces Each surface contains one or more faces. It is usually preferable to combine multiple faces into one surface entity before you use the meshing tools. This allows them to be meshed at the same time. You can use the Surface Edit panel to modify surface geometry when it is necessary to make changes before you generate a mesh. For example, to trim a surface with a line, use the trim with line subpanel of the surface edit panel. You must select the surface and the line and specify a direction vector. The surface is trimmed by sweeping the line along the vector and intersecting the surface with the sweep. If the sweep does not intersect the surface, the surface is not trimmed. The Edit Element panel has a cleanup subpanel, which contains surface editing tools.

A circle and a surface (represented w ith surface lines) before trimming.

After the circle is used to trim the surface, tw o new surfaces are created (show n highlighted) and the original surface is trimmed.

To trim one surface with another, use the trim with surf subpanel.

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Tw o surfaces before trimming.

The smaller surface is split into tw o surfaces after it is trimmed w ith the larger surface.

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Associativity Nodes and elements can be associated to surfaces. When you create a mesh with the automesher, the nodes are automatically associated to the surface. When nodes are associated to a surface, you can use the Smooth panel to smooth elements on the surface and the Node Edit panel to move the nodes along the surface. Associated nodes and elements can be selected by surface, which allows you to select all the nodes and/or elements associated to a surface. Some operations break associativity. If you transform, such as translate, a surface, node, or element, associativity is broken. However, if you transform a component that contains both a surface and its associated nodes/elements, the associativity is not broken. Associativity is also broken if you trim a surface. To re-associate a node to a surface, use the Node Edit or Project panel. Note:

Re-associating nodes to a surface is usually a time consuming task.

See also Smooth panel Node Edit panel Project panel General Process for Building Models

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Geometry Cleanup When designers create CAD geometry, their priorities are different from those of analysts trying to use the data. A single smooth surface is typically split into smaller patches, each a separate mathematical face. The juncture between two surfaces often contains gaps, overlaps, or other misalignments. To make the geometry more appropriate for meshing, analysts need to combine a number of faces into a single smooth surface. This allows the elements to be created on the entire region at once, and prevents unnecessary artificial or accidental edges from being present in the final mesh. The Quick Edit, Edge Edit, Point Edit, and Autocleanup panels contain tools to help you prepare surface geometry for meshing.

The initial CAD geometry often contains gaps, misalignments, or pinholes.

These features can distort the elements or demand a finer mesh.

With the tools of the geometry cleanup panels, you can close the gaps betw een surfaces, combine surfaces into large meshing regions, and eliminate pinholes.

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Using the simpler, cleaner geometry, you can easily build a much better mesh.

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Applying Loads The final step in the model building process is to apply constraints and forces and to create or assign coordinate systems. Before you apply loads, create a load collector. Loads are displayed in the color assigned to the load collector. The size of loads and constraints is based on model units and can be modified from within the boundary condition panels. HyperMesh stores and displays all loads in the global coordinate system. Depending on the analysis code being used to calculate results, HyperMesh transforms the loads appropriately to any local nodal output coordinate system. HyperMesh currently supports the following load types: accelerations

Applies an acceleration at a node. Accelerations are displayed as a singleheaded arrow with an optional label, A. The label may also display the magnitude of the acceleration.

constraints

Applies a constraint or enforced displacement at a node. Constraints are displayed as a triangle with an optional label that displays the degrees of freedom effected by the constraint.

equations

Applies a general equation constraint between nodes. Equations are displayed with the label, EQ.

fluxes

Applies a flux load at a node. Fluxes are displayed as a thick arrow with an optional label, flux. The label may include the magnitude of the flux.

forces

Applies a concentrated force along any user-defined vector at a node. Forces are displayed as a single-headed arrow with an optional label F. The label may include the magnitude of the force. Linear interpolation input files for forces require 6 values with a space in between, as follows:

moments

Applies a concentrated moment about a user-defined vector at a node. Moments are displayed as a double-headed arrow with an optional label, M. The label may include the magnitude of the moment. Linear interpolation input files for moments require 6 values with a space in between, as follows:

pressures

Applies a pressure on an element or geometry. Pressures are displayed as a single-headed arrow with an optional label, P. The label may include the magnitude of the pressure. Linear Interpolation input files for Pressures require 4 values with a space in

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between, as follows:

temperatures

Applies a temperature constraint at a node. Temperatures are displayed as a straight line starting at the node at which the temperature is applied extending upward, with an optional label, T. Linear Interpolation input files for Temperatures require 4 values with a space in between, as follows:

velocities

Note:

Applies a velocity at a node. Velocities are displayed as a single-headed arrow with an optional label, V. The label may include the magnitude of the velocity.

Refer to the specific panel for detailed information about creating, reviewing, and updating loads and constraints.

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Creating Systems Systems are referred to as coordinate systems and may be rectangular, cylindrical, or spherical. Reference and analysis systems are supported. Reference systems transform geometric location or input vectors from the global system to a local system. Nodes, mass elements, forces, and other systems are eligible entities for a reference system. Analysis systems transform the output system of a node entity. Systems are built and referenced in the Systems panel. Note:

System collectors collect system entities. A system collector must exist and be current in order to build a system.

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Control Cards Control cards allow you to add input and output parameters to a model, including location and names of the input, output and scratch files; the type of run (analysis, check or restart); overall running of the analysis or optimization; and type, format and frequency of the output. Control cards are assigned to your model from within the Control Cards panel. This panel lists all of the control cards defined for the solver/user profile that you currently have loaded; you can disable, enable, or delete cards as desired.

See also Using the Card Previewer

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Using the Card Previewer A control card may be in one of three states: State

Color

Explanation

Undefined

Gray

The control card was either never created or has been deleted.

Defined (See note.)

Green

Any control card viewed in the card previewer is activated.

Inactive

Red

A card that has been defined may be disabled. The attributes for that card remain; however, the control card is not output.

Note:

Those control cards that are defined (green in the control card editor) are output.

Default values for attributes are common throughout the card previewer. A default value field has two states: State

Description

Default = ON

In this state, the field label color is yellow and no data entry is allowed.

Default = OVERRIDDEN

To override a default value field, pick the yellow field label. When you override a default value field, the label text color changes to cyan and allows you to enter data in the field.

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Boundary Conditions Boundary Conditions define limits as well as loads on geometry and mesh.

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Loads on Geometry You can apply loads to geometrical entities and map them to the FE mesh using the Load on Geom panel. One advantage is that you can remesh a model without deleting complicated loads or boundary conditions. After remeshing, loads or boundary conditions that have been applied to geometrical entities can be remapped to the new mesh. You can apply loads to geometry by using the following panels: Forces, Moments, Constraints, Pressures, Temperatures, Flux, Velocities, and Accels. These are the same panels used to apply loads to a mesh. There are two ways to map loads on geometry to the mesh associated with this geometry (loads on mesh): Manually, using the Load on Geom panel. Automatically, by exporting the FE deck, using the Export tab. The Model Browser allows separate or simultaneous visualization of loads on mesh and loads on geometry. To visualize loads on mesh and/or loads on geometry, in the Model Browser, right-click on the load. From the toolbar, select the Elements/Geometry icon. This icon determines what the other buttons act on; right-click the button (or left-click the small triangular downward arrow) to reveal a drop-down menu of options. You can select Elements, Geometry, or both. When Elements is selected, you control the display of loads applied to elements. When Geometry is selected, you control the display of loads applied to geometric entities. Both means that you can control the display of both types of loads independently, and load collectors may contain one type or both types simultaneously. Use the none, all and reverse buttons to assist in selecting which loadcols should be displayed. Comments Loads on mesh and loads on geometry can be displayed together (similar to the simultaneous display of both elements and geometry belonging to a specific component). A geometrical entity can be associated with one mesh or multiple meshes (component or components) and/or with one load collector or multiple load collectors. One load collector stores both loads on geometry and loads on mesh. The mesh (or multiple meshes) is associated with the geometrical entities to which the loads on geometry have been applied. Each load type is stored in a dedicated section of the same load collector.

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Terminology and Definitions geometrical entities

A point, a line, or a surface.

loads on geometry or geometry loads

Loads applied to geometrical entities.

loads on mesh or mesh loads

Loads applied to mesh (nodes or element).

load mapping

The process of mapping geometrical loads to mesh loads. The loads are mapped from the geometrical entities (to which the geometrical loads are applied) to the mesh that is associated with the geometrical entities.

Loads can be applied directly to mesh or applied by mapping them from loads on geometry.

See also Introduction to Loads on Geometry Application of Loads to Geometry Exporting Loads Visualization of Loads on Geometry and on Mesh Working with Loads on Geometry - HM-4040

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Application of Loads to Geometry You can apply loads to geometrical entities in a way similar to the manner in which loads are applied to mesh. The process includes two basic steps. 1.

Creating a load collector by using the Collector panel

2.

Applying loads to the geometry using one of the following panels on the Analysis page: Forces, Moments, Constraints, Pressures, Temperatures, Flux, Velocities, and Accels

To apply a load to a geometrical entity, first create a load collector in which the loads applied to geometrical entities will be stored. Next, access a HyperMesh load panel (e.g. Forces, Constraints, etc.) located on the Analysis page, and choose the create subpanel. Third, select a geometrical entity on which the loads will be applied (points, lines, or surfaces) using the panel selection box, define the load or boundary condition parameters in the same way you would for the application of the load or boundary condition on a FE mesh entity (e.g. node), and click create. HyperMesh stores the loads/boundary conditions in the database and displays them in the graphical window. The following chart specifies the geometrical entities to which loads can be applied, in each of the load application panels listed above. Panel

Geometrical Entities

Accels

points, lines and surfaces.

Constraints

points, lines and surfaces.

Flux

points

Forces

points

Moments

points

Pressures

surfaces nodes on edge: lines (for 2-D solid elements) nodes on face: surfaces (for 3-D solid elements)

Temperatures

points, lines and surfaces.

Velocities

points, lines and surfaces.

Note:

Refer to the specific panel for detailed information about creating, reviewing, and updating loads and constraints.

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Exporting Loads Sessions can contain loads on geometry, loads on mesh that have been applied directly to mesh, and loads on mesh that have been mapped from loads on geometry. When saving the model as an HM database, all load types are saved and are retrieved when you open the . hm file. When exporting the model using an export template, only the loads on mesh are exported. The loads on mesh that are exported may have been applied directly to mesh, mapped from geometry to mesh, or both. The all/displayed option on the Export tab allows you to determine which loads are exported. If all is selected, all the loads on geometry that have not been mapped (if any), are mapped to loads on mesh and all the loads on mesh are exported. If displayed is selected, all the displayed loads on mesh are exported. All the loads on mesh (both displayed and hidden) that are associated with the displayed loads on geometry are exported as well. If any loads on geometry are displayed and have not been mapped, they will automatically be mapped to loads on mesh and exported as well.

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Visualization of Loads on Geometry and on Mesh The Display panel allows you to visualize loads on mesh and loads on geometry either individually or together by setting the collector type to loadcols and using the toggle between elems and geoms. elems controls the display of loads on mesh and geom controls the display of loads on geometry. A simultaneous display is similar to the display of both elements and geometry belonging to a specific component. Note:

A major graphical display difference between loads on geometry and loads on mesh is the density of the arrows. Multiple arrows represent loads on mesh (one arrow per node or element); a single arrow for each geometrical entity represents loads on geometry. The basic length of the arrow also differs. For the same arrow magnitude percentage setting or uniform size setting within the load application panels, an arrow that represents a load on geometry is longer than arrows representing loads on mesh.

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Creating Load Collectors 1.

In the Model Browser, right-click on the white area and select Create > Load Collectors.

2.

Enter a load collector name after name =.

3.

Click color and select a color from the pop-up menu.

4.

If creating a generic load collector: - Click the switch and select no card image. - Click create. - Click return.

5.

If creating a specific load collector: - Click the switch and select card image. - Click card image = and select the card image type. - Click create/edit. - Enter the relevant data in the card image. - Click return.

See also Loads on Geometry

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Transformation Manager The Transformation Manager manages the definition of transformation applied on the nodes and elements in order to easily position the entity using a combination of scale, rotate, and translate and symmetry functions. These operations are usually applied on standard parts such as dummies, barriers, etc. for positioning in different crash setups. Also they can be used for repositioning components with strain history between multiple steps of simulation. The Transformation Manager is available for RADIOSS (Block Format), LS-DYNA and PAM- CRASH 2G user profiles. The Transformation Manager has two basic folders/sections: Transformation Definition, and Transformation Repository. Transformation Definition lists the transformations defined in the model in a tree structure detailing the cross referencing between the entity and the transformation. Transformation Repository holds the candidates on which the transformations can be applied which is solver dependent. In the RADIOSS (Block Format) and PAM-CRASH 2G user profiles, the repository contains all the node sets defined in the model. In the LS DYNA user profile, the repository contains node sets and include files organized in two different folders.

Toolbars The Transformation Manager include toolbars and a context-sensitive menu. Toolbars provide the ability to switch between the two views, show or hide entities on which transformation is applied within the model, and activate or deactivate the transformation applied on a entity. The context-sensitive menu provide basic functions such as the creation, addition of entities, activation/inactivation of transformation, deletion, card edit, manipulating the sequence of transformation, display control, and review. Icon

Function Activate the selected transformation. If none are selected, activate all the transformations defined. Inactive the selected transformation. If none are selected, inactivate all the transformations defined. Active or inactive state depending in its current state for the selected transformation. If none is selected, it is applied on all the transformations defined. Isolate the selected entity Show/Hide the selected entity Review the selected entity Switches to transformation – entity view Switches to entity – transformation view

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Icon

Function Close the transformation manager

Context Sensitive Menu A context-sensitive menu is available for any selected item in the Transformation Manager tree. To view the context menu, right-click on an entity folder, an individual entity, or in an empty space in the browser. Clicking in the empty space provides options applicable to all the entities in the transformation definition. The functions vary depending on whether it is performed on entity in the transformation repository or in transformation definition. Also there are subtle differences in functions performed depending on the view.

Transformation definition Entity- Transformation view Item

Definition

Create new:

Creates new entity on which transformation will be applied. Includes node sets for the RADIOSS, PAM-CRASH 2G user profiles. Includes node sets and include files for the LS-DYNA user profile.

Add entity:

Allows you to edit the entity on which transformation is defined. Available only on entity.

Card edit:

Opens the corresponding solver card image panel. Available on both entity and transformation.

Delete:

Deletes the selected entity. Available on both entity and transformation.

Transform:

Creates a new transformation and applies it on the selected entity. If transformation already exists for the entity, it appends to it. Available on the entity.

Rename:

Renames the selected entity/ transformation. Available on both entity and transformation.

Show, Hide, Similar to Model Browser functions. Available for both transformation and entity. Isolate, Show all, Review, Reset review:

Move UP:

Swaps the ID of the selected transformation with the next smaller ID that is attached to the same entity

Move up:

Swaps the ID of the selected transformation with the next higher ID that is attached to the same entity

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Item

Definition

Collapse All: Closes all of the folders in the tree structure, so that only the top-most level of items displays. Expand All :

Opens all of the folders in the entire tree structure, exposing every item nested at every level.

Transformation - Entity view Item

Definition

Create new:

Creates new transformation

Add entity:

Allows to add a new entity on to the selected transformation. If the entity is selected, you can edit the content. Available on both entity and transformation.

Card edit:

Opens the corresponding solver card image panel. Available on both entity and transformation.

Delete:

Deletes the selected entity. Available on both entity and transformation.

Transform:

Appends the defined transformation on the selected transformation. Available only on the transformation.

Rename:

Renames the selected entity. Available on both entity and transformation.

Show, Hide, Similar to Model Browser functions. Available for both transformation and entity. Isolate, Show all, Review, Reset review:

Move Up:

Swaps the ID of the selected transformation with the next smaller ID that is attached to the same entity

Move Down:

Swaps the ID of the selected transformation with the next higher ID that is attached to the same entity

Collapse All: Closes all of the folders in the tree structure, so that only the top-most level of items displays. Expand All :

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Opens all of the folders in the entire tree structure, exposing every item nested at every level.

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Transformation repository Item

Definition

Transform

Creates new transformation on the selected entity . The transformation and the entity show up in the transformation definition folder.

Card Edit:

Opens the corresponding solver Card Image panel.

Rename:

Renames the selected entity.

Show, Hide, Similar to Model Browser functions. Isolate, Review, Reset review:

Supported solver keywords RADIOSS

TRANSFORM/TRANSLATE TRANSFORM/ROTATE TRANSFORM/SCALE TRANSFORM/SYMMETRY

LS DYNA

NODE_TRANSFORM INCLUDE_TRANSFORM

PAM CRASH

TRSFM _/_ 2 G

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Morphing HyperMorph is a tool used to morph the shape of a finite element model in ways that are useful, logical and intuitive. It enables rapid shape changes on the FE mesh without severely sacrificing the mesh quality. During the morphing process, HyperMorph also allows for the creation of shapes which can be used for subsequent design optimization studies.

Overview: The Three Basic Approaches to Morphing The Domains and Handles Concept The Morph Volume Concept The Freehand Concept

The Domains and Handles Concept Global Domain and Global Handles Local Domains and Handles Partitioning Dependent Handles Working with Shapes Setting Up Optimization

The Morph Volume Concept

The Freehand Concept

Space Frame Model Strategies Creating Handles and Domains Matching a Mesh or Line or Surface Data Making Parametric Changes Controlling Global Morphing with Handle Placement Mirror Images: Using 1-Plane Symmetry Reducing 3D to 2D: Using Linear Symmetry Reducing 3D to 1D: Using Planar Symmetry

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Shell Model Strategies Creating Handles and Domains Morphing on Local Domains Morphing Global Handles Using Constraints Using Biasing

Solid Model Strategies Creating Handles and Domains Viewing Solid Models Morphing on Local Domains Morphing Global Handles Using Constraints Using Biasing

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Approaches to Morphing HyperMorph contains a wide array of functionality for morphing the shape of FE models. HyperMorph utilizes six exclusive HyperMesh morphing entities; domains, handles, morph constraints, morph volumes, shapes, and symmetries. While all the entities and functions are fully compatible, and may be used in a complementary fashion, they can be divided into three basic approaches to morphing; the domains and handles concept, the morph volume concept, and the freehand concept. Each approach has its own strengths and weaknesses when dealing with the numerous applications of morphing and you are advised to gain a basic understanding of each approach so that you can decide which approach is best for your needs. The morphing chapter is intended to illustrate the capabilities of HyperMorph and introduce you to both the basic and advanced functionality to help you get the most out of the tool. The basics of the three concepts are summarized below:

The Domains and Handles Concept This approach involves dividing the mesh into domains containing elements or nodes and placing handles at the corners of those domains. HyperMorph can automatically divide the mesh into logical domains or you can manually define your own domains and handles. When the handles are moved, the shape of the mesh changes according to the domain boundaries. The domains and handles approach also allows for parametric morphing of lengths, angles, radii, and arc angles as well as morphing the mesh to match geometric data and other meshes. The domains and handles approach is the most difficult approach to learn but it is also the most powerful. This approach is most useful for making detailed changes to any mesh (local domains) as well as general changes to space frame type meshes (global domains).

The Morph Volume Concept This approach involves surrounding the mesh with one or more morph volumes, which are highly deformable six-sided prisms. A number of methods exist to create the morph volumes, including single and matrix creation as well as the interactive on-screen method. Morph volumes support tangency between adjoining edges and allow for multiple control points along their edges. Handles placed at the corners and along the edges of the morph volumes allow for the morphing of the morph volumes which in turn morphs the mesh inside the morph volumes. The morph volume approach is quick and intuitive and is most useful for making large scale changes to complex meshes.

The Freehand Concept This approach involves morphing by moving the nodes directly without the need to create any HyperMesh morphing entities. You define the nodes which will move, the nodes which will stay fixed, and the affected elements, which manually allows for rapid changes to any mesh. You have great flexibility in how the moving nodes are moved, such as translation, rotation, and projection to geometry as well as using a tool to "sculpt" the mesh into the desired shape. You are also able to turn node manipulations made in any panel, such as scaling or node projection, into morphs using the record sub-panel. The freehand approach is an ideal introduction to HyperMorph since it allows morphing without the creation of any HyperMesh morphing entities while employing the concepts of domains and handles. The freehand approach also allows for "customized" morphing, allowing the user to do virtually any kind of morphing.

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The Domains and Handles Concept When using the domains and handles approach, the model is divided into domains. Handles are then used to control the domains shape. When the handles associated with a domain move, the shape of the domain changes, which in turn changes the positions of the nodes inside those domains. During the morphing process the mesh morphs in a logical way with nodes near the moving handles moving more and nodes near the stationary handles moving less. In the areas between the handles, the mesh is stretched or compressed to match the desired shape. The amount each node moves with respect to each handle is relative to an internally calculated influence coefficient. The process for calculating the influence coefficients is somewhat time consuming, but once they are calculated they can be stored and applied rapidly. Thus, when handles and domains are initially set up or edited, HyperMorph spends an amount of time (proportional to the size of the new domains) calculating the handle influences. However, when handles are moved to morph the model, no calculations are necessary and the actual morphing occurs quickly. The advantage of this approach is that it makes morphing an interactive process, even for large models. For very large domains, calculating influence coefficients can be time consuming. For domains that have more than 50,000 elements (although you can change this default limit) the large domain solver is used. The large domain solver is that it is faster for morphing large domains, but the drawback is that it must be invoked every time you wish to morph, thus making morphing slower. However, for very large domains, the process of calculating influences can be too slow or too memory intensive--so the large domain solver makes it possible to morph such domains. Domains and handles are divided into two basic groups, global domains and local domains. Each global domain is associated with any number of global handles. Global handles will only influence the nodes contained within their associated global domains. Global domains and handles are best for making large scale shape changes to the model. There are five types of local domains: 1D domains, 2D domains, 3D domains, edge domains, and general domains. Each local domain is associated with any number of local handles. Local handles will only influence nodes contained within their associated local domains. Local handles are intended to be used to make small scale, parametric changes to the model. A model can contain both global and local handles and domains, which allows for both large and small scale morphs. It is not necessary to have both types of domains and handles in a model.

Global Domains and Handles Local Domains and Handles Partitioning Dependent Handles Working with Shapes Setting Up Optimization

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Global Domains and Handles Global domains are represented by a cube made up of dashed lines. Global domains are located at the centroid of the nodes which make up the global domain. Global handles are the largest handles in the model. Global handles are red if they are not dependent on other handles. Global handles are yellow, cyan, or violet if they are dependent on other handles, the color indicating their level of dependency. Dependent global handles are also smaller than the handles on which they are dependent. The base size of all the handles in the model can be set on the morphing visualization dialog accessed by using the visualization options icon on the visualization toolbar. The size given is used as the radius for the independent global handles. You cannot edit the color of the handles nor the relative size between the dependent and independent handles. However, you can edit the color of the domains in the morphing visualization dialog.

The Domains panel is used to create, edit, and organize global domains. When a global domain is created with the create handles option turned on HyperMorph generates several global handles. Global handles are generated at each of the eight corners of a box surrounding the model laid out along the global axes. These global handles are named corner followed by a number from one to eight. HyperMorph also places at least one global handle within the global domain box in areas of peak nodal density within the model. HyperMorph generally creates no more than about 30 global handles within the global domain box. These handles are named global followed by a number. The automatic global handle generation works particularly well for space frame models such as full car models. If the handles are not generated in the positions where you

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want them to be, you can always delete them, reposition them, or create new handles using the Handles panel.

Example of a model with a global domain and global handles Eight handles are placed at the corners of a box enclosing the model. By moving the handles you can stretch or deform the model along all three axes.

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A space frame with six manually created global handles When the handles are moved, the space frame morphs in a way such that the bars run between the handles.

There are three options for determining how global handles associated with global domains influence the mesh: the hierarchical method, the direct method, and the mixed method. In the hierarchical method, global handles influence the local handles found at nodes inside the global domain, which in turn influence nodes within the local domains. In the direct method, global handles influence the nodes in the model directly even if the nodes are not in a local domain. In the mixed method, global handles will influence every node inside the global domain using the hierarchical method if the node is inside a local domain, or the direct method if the node is not in a local domain. The method used can be selected in the global subpanel of the Morph Options panel. The default method is the direct method method. There are subtle differences in how the global handles influence the nodes for each method with the main difference being that the parts of the model defined by local edge domains have their shape preserved when using the hierarchical method. Straight edges will remain straight and circular holes will remain circular for the hierarchical method, while the direct method may bend or warp these features into curved edges and elliptical holes. You should select which method is right for the type of morphing that you want to perform. If you wish to preserve the local geometry, choose the hierarchical or mixed method. If you are willing to accept distortions in the local geometry, choose the direct method.

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An exam ple of global m orphing using the hierarchical m ethod When the highlighted (w hite) handle is moved to the right, it moves the local handles, w hich move the mesh. Note how the straight edge remains straight and the circle remains round.

An exam ple of global m orphing using the direct m ethod When the highlighted (w hite) handle is moved to the right, the mesh is affected directly. Note the resulting distortion of the edge and circle.

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An exam ple of global m orphing using the direct m ethod and biasing factors By increasing the biasing factor for the highlighted (w hite) handle, the angular shape of the morph becomes rounded.

The influences between the global handles and local handles using the hierarchical method or nodes using the direct method can be calculated using either the spatial method or the geometric method. Both methods attempt to determine how a global handle affects nodes or local handles in the space surrounding it. The spatial method is the default, and is the fastest and most robust method for generating global influences based on a spatial formulation for the entire model. The geometric method can be slow for large models or large numbers of global handles, but may produce more desirable influences. The geometric method is the method that was originally used in HyperMesh and generates influences based on the geometric relationship between a given node or local handle and the surrounding global handles. The method used can be selected in the global subpanel of the Morph Options panel.

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Local Domains and Handles Local domains are represented by a single rectangle for 1D domains, two joined rectangles for 2D domains, a cube for 3D domains, four joined rectangles for general domains, and a line for edge domains. Local handles are orange if they are not dependent on other handles. Local handles are green, blue, or pink if they are dependent on other handles, the color indicating their level of dependency. The base size of all the handles in the model can be set on the morphing visualization dialog accessed by using the visualization options icon on the visualization toolbar. The size given is used as the diameter for the independent local handles. You cannot edit the color of the handles nor the relative size between the dependent and independent handles. However, you can edit the color of the domains in the morphing visualization dialog.

Local domains can be created individually by selecting nodes or elements in the create subpanel of the Domains panel. When local domains are created, HyperMorph automatically places local handles at the ends of all edge domains. These local handles are named local followed by a number. The placement of local handles depends on the type of domain created and the partitioning options, if partitioning is selected.

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Example of a model w ith local domains and local handles w ith partitioning.

In the example above, the rigid elements have been placed in a 1D domain with the center node having an independent (orange) handle and the other nodes having dependent (green) handles. The shell elements have been placed in two 2D domains separated at the bend line due to partitioning. The solid elements have been placed in a 3D domain. Note that shell elements have been created on the faces of the 3D domain. These elements are placed in a component named ^morphface. Also note that 2D domains have been created on the faces of the 3D domain and that edge domains have been created on the edges of all the 2D domains. Finally, handles have been placed at the ends of all the edge domains.

1D Domains Domains made up of 1D elements, such as bars and rigid elements, are called 1D domains. When automatically creating local 1D domains, 1D elements that share common nodes are grouped together into 1D domains. An independent local handle is placed at the centermost node of the 1D domain and dependent local handles are placed at every other node of the elements in the 1D domain. The independent handle is larger and orange, while the dependent handles are smaller and green. All the dependent handles in a given 1D domain are directly dependent on the independent handle. This dependency relationship means that moving the independent handle also results in moving the dependent handles the same amount in the same direction. This is done to preserve the unique relationship established for groups of 1D elements. Additionally, the bias factors for the dependent handles for a 1D domain are given an initial value of 3. All other handles in the model are given a biasing factor of 1. A higher biasing factor means that a given handle will have greater influence over the surrounding mesh than the others. The higher biasing factor given to dependent handles on 1D domains is intended to prevent mesh distortion when the 1D elements connect to nodes in 2D and 3D domains.

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A rigid spider becom es a 1D dom ain An independent local handle (orange) is placed at the centroid of the 1D domain and dependent handles (green) are placed at each node. By moving the orange handle, the entire spider is moved, maintaining the proper shape and connectivity for the rigid spider .

2D Domains Domains made up of shell elements are called 2D domains. When automatically creating local 2D domains, shell elements that share common nodes are grouped together into 2D domains. If partitioning has been selected, these domains are subdivided into smaller domains along break angles and curvature changes according to the partitioning parameters. Edge domains are placed along the edges of the 2D domains and are also partitioned. Local handles are placed at the ends of all the edge domains. In general, the local handles are placed at the corners of the 2D domains and at other useful positions. The intent is to make it faster and easier for you to apply parametric changes to the model. Since you morph the model by moving handles, it helps to have handles already at the positions where you want them. HyperMorph tries to predict where the handles should be placed to reduce the amount of time it takes to prepare your model for morphing. If the handles or domains are not laid out in the positions where you want them to be, you can delete them, edit them, or create new ones. Also, even though the generated local handles are associated with the edge domains, they will influence the nodes in any domain that shares the node at which it is placed. This is true even if the handle is associated with the 2D domain. A handle associated with any domain will always influence the nodes in domains that it is touching. Note that it is possible to create a handle on a node that is not touching the domain to which it is associated. This allows you to place a handle outside of a domain, such as floating in space near the domain, and have it influence the nodes within its domain.

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Tw o 2D dom ains w ith edge dom ains and handles The model on the left show s the initial handle positions. The model on the right show s the addition of four new handles. Handles can be placed anyw here, even at nodes not on the associated domain.

3D Domains Domains made up of solid elements are called 3D domains. When automatically creating local 3D domains, solid elements that share common nodes are grouped together into 3D domains. Shell elements are created on the faces of each 3D domain and placed into a component called ^morphface. It is recommended that you do not delete or edit these elements nor rename or delete the ^morphface component. However, if you do, these elements and their 2D domains will be regenerated the next time you enter or exit a HyperMorph panel or the delete panel. The shell elements on the face of each 3D domain are placed into a 2D domain that is then partitioned if the partitioning option is active. Edge elements are placed around each 2D domain and local handles are created at the ends of each edge domain. In cases where shell elements that are attached to the faces of solid elements are present in the model, HyperMorph will not create ^morphface elements coincident with the existing elements. The color of the ^morphface component can be changed on the morphing visualization dialog accessed by using the visualization options icon on the visualization toolbar. Note that the face elements in the ^morphface component will not be written out to any FEM formatted deck since the component name begins with a "^".

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A block of solid elem ents is m ade into a 3D dom ain The gray shell elements on the face of the 3D domain are the ^morphface component. The ^morphface component has been partitioned into 2D domains. Handles are created at the corners of the 2D domains.

Edge Domains Domains made up of a list of nodes are called edge domains. When automatically creating local edge domains, edge domains are placed around the edges of all 2D domains. When you are selecting domains and are holding the mouse button down while placing the mouse over the icon of a 2D or 3D domain (or an element in the domain), HyperMesh will highlight both the domain icon and the surrounding edge domains. This makes it easier for you to tell which domain you are selecting. When you release the mouse button, only the icon for the domain remains highlighted. Edge domains and 2D domains on the faces of 3D domains play an important function in determining the influences for the handles over a given domain. Nodes on edge domains will only move as a function of the handles touching the edge domain. No other handles will affect the nodes on the edges. Similarly, nodes in a 2D domain on the face of a 3D domain will only move as a function of the handles touching the 2D domain. This preserves the boundaries of 2D and 3D domains such that straight edges remain straight, flat surfaces remain flat, and curved edges retain their curvature. It allows you to move handles within a 2D or 3D domain without affecting the edges. If you do not want to have the boundaries of a domain preserved you can delete the edges for a given domain, or choose to create the domain as a general domain instead. Also, nonreflective symmetries allow the influences of handles to extend through edges and faces depending on the type of symmetry. For domains that have non-reflective symmetry types, the boundaries may not be preserved during morphing.

Exam ples of edge dom ains Edge domains are placed around the edges of 2D domains. In the model at the right an edge domain has been created inside a 2D domain. Note that w hen an edge domain is created, it is partitioned and handles are placed at the ends and joints.

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How edge dom ains affect m orphing In the top tw o frames tw o handles inside a 2D domain are created and moved. In the bottom frames, tw o handles connected by an edge domain are created and moved. Note that the edge domain remains straight, preserving the shape of the feature.

General Domains General domains can be made up of any combination of 1D, 2D, and 3D elements. General domains are not automatically created when automatically generating local domains. Like all other domains, the elements within a single general domain must touch one another. When a general domain is created, no 2D domains are created on the faces of any 3D elements and no edge domains are created either, thus no handles are created for the domain. However, general domains respect all neighboring edge domains and 2D domains and thus if you create 2D and edge domains for your general domains they will impose restrictions on handle influences for the general domain. Otherwise, handles on a general domain freely influence all of the nodes inside the general domain, allowing it to stretch and deform in an unbounded manner with morphing extending across differences in element type. General domains are very useful for realized connectors which are often represented as clusters of different element types. Another use is for meshes where precise changes are required for one section, where 1D, 2D, and 3D domains are used, but the rest of the mesh (where a general domain is used) can simply follow along.

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Exam ple of interaction betw een a general dom ain and 2D dom ains In the top frame, tw o 2D domains are created for parts of tw o shell meshes and a general domain is creating from the remaining rigid, shell, and solid elements. Tw o handles have been placed w ithin the general domain at the ends of the rigid spiders. In the bottom frame the tw o handles inside the general domain are translated. Note how the shell elements in the general domain morph, bounded only by the edge of the 2D domains w ith the other edges free to follow the handles .

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Partitioning Partitioning can be applied directly to 2D domains and indirectly to 3D domains (3D domains are created with 2D domains on their faces). Partitioning is a method of dividing 2D domains into smaller 2D domains at logical places, such as at the edges of surfaces associated with the mesh, or where the angle between elements exceeds a certain value, or where the domain changes from flat to curved. Partitioning allows you to prepare your model for morphing more quickly and easily since it divides your model into sections where parametric changes can be applied. You can invoke partitioning when creating 2D or 3D domains by activating the partition 2D domains check box on the Domains panel. If there are no surfaces in the model, or the use geometry option in the partitioning subpanel of the Domains panel is unchecked, partitioning will ideally divide your model such that every radius and straight or flat section is placed into a separate domain. However, partitioning is not an exact science and there will be areas where elements are not placed into the desired domains. If you are unsatisfied with the partitioning, you may change the partitioning parameters in the partitioning subpanel of the Domains panel and try again (using the redo last button), or edit the domains by hand using the create and organize subpanels in the Domains panel.

Exam ple of partitioning For the model on the left, the 2D domain w as created w ithout partitioning. For the model on the right, partitioning w as used. Note how the 2D domains are divided along angle and curvature change boundaries. Also note that the edge domains are partitioned regardless of w hether the partitioning option is on or off.

There are two algorithms you can use to partition, element-based and node-based. These can be set individually for quad/mixed meshes and for tria/tetra meshes. Each algorithm has its strengths and weaknesses, so if one method is not producing the partitions that you desire, the other method might work better. In general, the element-based algorithm works better for quad/mixed meshes and second order meshes, while the node-based algorithm works better for tria/tetra meshes. There are also several parameters that govern the creation of domains for either algorithm. They are found in the partitioning subpanel of the Domains panel. If you have selected use geometry, all elements whose nodes are associated to surfaces in the model will be partitioned along the edges of the surfaces. All other elements will be partitioned using one of the partitioning algorithms. If you have also selected add to geometry, then any partitions created outside of the surfaces will be added to the partitions created using the surfaces if the partitioning algorithm does not find a break along the edges or the surfaces. This option is helpful when surface data is incomplete of some of the nodes have been moved away from their surfaces.

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Partitioning can be angle-based or curvature-based. In either case, the domain angle controls the break angle along which a partitioning break is made. If the angle between the normal vectors between two elements is greater than this value, a new domain is created with an edge running between the two elements. When using curvature-based partitioning, the curve tolerance controls the angle of which values less than it are considered straight for curvature measuring purposes. If the angle between the normal vectors between two elements is less than this value, they are considered flat, otherwise they are considered to be curved. If the curvature changes from straight to curved, changes direction, or changes curvature by more than the curvature tolerance, a new domain is created with an edge running between the two elements. Note that in order for a new partition to be created, a break due to angle or curvature must be found along its entire edge. For the node based method, domain angle and curve tolerance have a roughly similar meaning as the element based method. The node based method tends to create fewer partitions than the element based method, although exact performance for each method depends heavily on the features in your model. For instance, the node based method seems to work better on first order tria and tetra meshes while the element based method seems to work better on mixed quad and tria meshes.

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Dependent Handles You can make a handle dependent on one or more other handles, and then make those handles dependent on one or more other handles, and so on. This system allows you to create any number of dependency layers. Handles that are dependent on other handles appear smaller and in a color different from the handles on which they are dependent. The review button in the update subpanel of the Handles panel allows you to view the handles on which a specific handle is dependent. Making a handle dependent has no affect on the way it influences nodes.

Global handles, independent (red) and dependent (yellow , cyan, and violet)

Local handles, independent (orange) and dependent (green, blue, and pink)

The conditions for handle dependency are as follows: A handle that is dependent on another handle inherits the movements applied to the higher level handle. If a handle is dependent on only one other handle, it inherits the full movement of the higher level handle. If a handle is dependent on more than one handle, it will inherit a percentage of the movements applied to each higher level handle. The percentage is based on the distance between the dependent and independent handles. A handle may be dependent on any number of handles, but dependency loops are not allowed. A dependent handle can be moved independently of the handles on which it is dependent. This means that movements applied to the dependent handle are not applied to the independent handles. This allows you to add the movements of dependent and independent handles in a logical manner. In the hierarchical method, all local handles are dependent on global handles. These dependencies are calculated internally and cannot be modified manually, biasing will affect them.

Handle dependencies are useful for several different applications. Transparent control of domain edges and faces You can create a dependent handle on an edge domain that is dependent on the handles at the ends of the domain. When the dependent handle is moved, the shape of the edge can be changed.

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When the handle at either end of the edge domain is moved, the dependent handle moves along as if it was not there. This allows you to combine the changes easily without having to apply separate perturbations for all of the handles. Grouping features together to move as a unit You can make all the handles at one cross section of a beam dependent on a single handle. This allows you to move an entire cross section while only having to select one handle. Linking several domains together You can make all of the handles within several domains dependent on a few at the corners of the domain. This allows you to stretch all of the domains uniformly by moving the independent handles, in essence, performing localized "global" morphing.

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Dependencies - exam ple 1 The center global handle is dependent on the tw o outer global handles. When the highlighted handle on the left is moved (center frame), the center handle follow s along. In the low er frame, the center handle is moved independently.

Dependencies - exam ple 2 In the model on the left, the three green handles on the top are dependent on the orange handle on the top. The bottom has similar dependencies. The top and bottom halves of the cross sections are controlled by just tw o handles. In the model on the right, all of the green handles are dependent on the orange handle. The entire cross section is controlled by one handle. Note that the dependencies can extend beyond the 2D domain boundaries.

Dependencies - exam ple 3

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An independent handle w as created betw een the tw o holes and the handles governing the positions of the holes are made dependent on it. When the independent handle is moved, both holes move w ith it. Also, each hole can be positioned separately by moving the dependent handle associated w ith it.

Using dependencies to reduce m esh distortion In this example tw o dependent handles w ere created on the edges of the part near the center hole. The dependent handles w ere constrained along vectors parallel to the sides of the part. When the handle at the hole is moved dow nw ard, the dependent handles follow and reduce mesh distortion by spreading the morph across the entire part instead of only around the hole.

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Working with Shapes Shapes are collections of handle and/or node perturbations from the initial configuration of the FE mesh before the morph. When you morph your model, HyperMorph stores the morph internally as a collection of perturbations which you can then undo or redo. When you create a shape using the save shape sub-panel on the Morph panel or Freehand panels, the handle and/or node perturbations are stored in the new shape entity along with biasing factors for the handle perturbations and details such as the biasing style. HyperMorph takes the difference between the initial state of the model and the current state of the model when creating a new shape. If you save the model using the save each morph step option in the Shapes panel, each morph on the undo/redo list will be saved as a separate shape. To get to the current state of the model from the initial state, all of these shapes must be applied. Creating shapes allows you to generate shape variables for optimization and store model changes for parametric studies. For many morphing operations, the morph consists only of handle perturbations. However, if constraints are being used, or the morph is a mapping or radius changing operation, node perturbations are required to fully describe the shape. In the case of freehand morphing, the morph consists only of node perturbations. When you create a shape, vectors are drawn for each handle and node perturbation for the shape. The vectors are drawn the exact length of the perturbation and the vectors for the handle perturbations are drawn with thicker lines to denote that they are different from node perturbations. Note that while shapes with handle perturbations will move nodes when they are applied, those shapes do not contain node perturbations and thus vectors are not drawn at those nodes. When you are saving a shape, you can select whether to save it as handle perturbations or node perturbations. If you select handle perturbations, the shape will be saved as either handle perturbations only, or a combination of handle and node perturbations if node perturbations are required to describe the shape. If you select node perturbations, the shape will be saved as node perturbations only. The difference between the two types comes into play if you change the handles or domains in your model. Shapes saved as node perturbations are not affected by changes to domains and handles, while shapes saved as handle perturbations will differ from shapes that have been saved with changes to the handle influences. Whenever you make a change to your model, HyperMorph will ask you if you want to preserve any existing shapes saved as handle perturbations by converting them to node perturbations. If you plan to make changes to domains and handles, you should save shapes as node perturbations. If not, save shapes as handle perturbations and they will require less memory and disk space. If you later decide that you want to change a shape from node perturbations to handle perturbations or vice versa you can do so in the convert subpanel of the Shapes panel. Once a shape is saved, you can apply it to your model with any given scaling factor. Applying a shape in this way is like any other morphing operation and can be undone, redone, or saved as part of another shape.

To convert shapes saved with handle perturbations to shapes saved with node perturbations, or vice-versa: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the shapes panel.

2.

Select the convert subpanel.

3.

Select the type of conversion that you wish to perform.

4.

Select the shapes to be converted.

5.

Click convert.

The shape is converted.

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Setting Up Optimization Morphing can be used to create shape variables for optimization. Note:

A shape is not a shape variable, but by adding a desvar which points to the shape, it becomes a shape variable.

To create shape variables for an optimization run: 1.

Morph your model into the shape of the first shape variable.

2.

From the HyperMorph module, select the morph panel.

3.

Select the save shape subpanel.

4.

Save your morph as a shape.

5.

Click undo all to return to your base model shape.

6.

Repeat steps 1 through 4 for each shape variable you want to create.

7.

From the optimization module, select the shape panel.

8.

Set the toggle to multiple desvars.

9.

Select the shapes for which you want to create shape variables.

10. Click create. A desvar for each shape is created with the initial value and bounds in the panel. Each desvar is given a unique name. 11. Animate the shape variables: -

Click undo morphing if you did not click undo all after saving the last shape.

-

Click animate. The Deformed panel displays, allowing you to view each shape variable by animating it.

Once you have created shape variables for your shapes, you can set up the rest of your optimization problem within the optimization module.

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The Morph Volume Concept Morph Volume strategies are still being created; this help system will be updated in a service pack release to include Morph Volume concepts and strategies.

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The Freehand Concept Freehand strategies are still being created; this help system will be updated in a service pack release to include Freehand concepts and strategies.

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Space Frame Model Strategies Space frames are models that have a sparse distribution of elements, such as a car body. Space frame models can generally have element counts in the hundreds of thousands, but their basic structure is rather simple. Often the desired shape changes are general, such as making it smaller, shorter, wider, or altering the basic positions of components within the frame. In many instances, these changes can be performed by placing a handle at each joint in the frame and moving those handles to the desired locations. For these types of models, all that is necessary is to create a global domain and global handles. Local handles are not required since local changes to the frame components are not necessary. Since local handles and domains for large models can consume a great deal of resources, you should avoid creating them unless it is necessary.

Creating Handles and Domains Matching a Mesh, Line, or Surface Data Making Parametric Changes Controlling Global Morphing with Handle Placement Mirror Images - Using 1-Plane Symmetry Reducing 3D to 2D - Using Linear Symmetry Reducing 3D to 1D - Using Planar Symmetry

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Creating Handles and Domains - Space Frame Model 1.

Open the HyperMorph module.

2.

Select the Domains panel.

3.

Select create.

4.

Set the selector to global domain.

5.

Set the toggle to all nodes.

6.

Set the toggle to create handles.

7.

Click create. A global domain and global handles are created at useful positions throughout the space frame. In many cases, these handles will be where you want them to be. If not, delete them and add global handles elsewhere: -

Press F2 or go to the Delete panel.

-

Delete any unwanted handles.

-

From the HyperMorph module, select the Handles panel.

-

Type in a name.

-

Select an xyz position or any number of nodes where you want global handles.

-

Click create.

A new global handle is created at each node or at the specified xyz location. If more than one handle is created at a time, the handles will each be given a unique name by appending a number after the name you have given. You should place global handles both in areas where you want to apply perturbations and in areas that you want to stay fixed. You can also use morph constraints to fix nodes in place during global morphing but if you want them to affect the surrounding mesh you must select the stretch mesh around nodes option when creating the morph constraint. If you want a part of your model to move as a rigid body, such as a wheel or the engine block, use a cluster type morph constraint.

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A global domain and global handles for a full car model

Exiting any panel in the HyperMorph module or the Delete panel automatically triggers HyperMorph to refresh the handle influences, if necessary. Adding, editing, or deleting handles, domains, or symmetries makes it necessary for HyperMorph to refresh the handle influences. For large models or large changes, this can be time consuming, so you will want to make all the changes you desire within each panel before exiting. There are many options available for moving the handles. The best one to use depends on the results that you want to achieve.

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Matching a Mesh, Line, or Surface Data The basic approach for HyperMorph is to move the handles into positions that change the shape of the model to match the mesh or geometry data. If you are going to match a mesh you need to make sure that the mesh does not get morphed when you are moving the handles. This can be accomplished by constraining the nodes on the target mesh.

To constrain the nodes on the target mesh: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Morph Constraints panel.

2.

Select the create/update subpanel.

3.

Select the nodes on the target mesh.

4.

Switch the selector to fixed.

5.

Make sure that the stretch mesh around nodes option is unchecked.

6.

Click create. All the nodes in the target mesh are constrained to remain fixed during morphing operations as long as the constraint is active and the use constraints box is checked (see the Morph Options panel). Note that if you check the stretch mesh around nodes option, the nodes between the constrained nodes and the handles will be affected regardless of whether the mesh is continuous between them

One of the most enjoyable ways to morph is interactively. As you drag a handle across the screen and you can watch the mesh move along with it. For large models it may be too slow to morph interactively in real time. But you can still morph interactively with any size model by setting HyperMorph to perform the morphing after you move the handle and release the mouse button.

To morph interactively by moving the handle and releasing the mouse button: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Morph panel.

2.

Select move handles.

3.

Change the upper middle selector to interactive.

4.

Change the rightmost toggle from real time to on release.

5.

Change the lower middle selector from on domains to along vector.

6.

Select a vector.

7.

Click morph.

8.

Select a handle on the screen and hold the mouse button down.

9.

Move the handle to the new location and release the mouse button. As you drag the mouse, the handle follows along the selected vector. Since on release was selected, only the graphics for the handle are updated, which leaves a dark trail through the mesh. When you

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release the mouse button, the morph is applied to the model and the graphics are updated for the entire model. If the handle position needs to be changed again, repeat steps 7 through 9. 10. Move more than one handle at the same time: -

Before clicking morph, select several handles on the screen.

-

Perform steps 7 through 9. When you release the mouse, all of the selected handles are moved the same distance in the same direction.

Morphing to a profile line

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In the top frame, the global handles on either side of top of the w indshield are selected. In the middle frame they are interactively moved upw ards along a vector to a point matching w ith the profile line. In the bottom frame the process has been repeated for the other handles on the roof. The result is a morphed vehicle model that closely matches the profile line.

Morphing to a profile line A handle is added to the center of the rear w indshield and is moved to better match the profile line. Handles may alw ays be added or deleted from a model w ithout affecting the current morphed state of the model. How ever, any shapes saved as handle perturbations may not yield the same morphed shape after handles have been added or deleted. If you intend to add or delete handles in your model, save your shapes as node perturbations. HyperMorph w ill give you the option of converting existing shapes from handle perturbations to node perturbations automatically after you add, edit, or delete any morphing entities.

You can also select other features to drag the handle along such as a line, a plane, or a surface. HyperMorph uses the position of the mouse on the screen to figure out where you want to move the handle. You can use this feature to position a handle anywhere you want line or surface data. To match a target mesh or geometric data by moving the handles to a specified node location: 1.

Change the upper middle selector from interactive to move to node.

2.

Select a handle.

3.

Select a node. The handle is moved to the position where the node was prior to morphing and the rest of the mesh morphs accordingly.

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To create nodes on the fly on lines and surfaces: 1.

Hold the mouse button down and drag the mouse over a line or surface until it is highlighted.

2.

Click on the line or surface where you want the node. A node will be created and the handle will immediately be moved to the node.

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Making Parametric Changes Dimensions such as distance and angle can be changed easily in HyperMorph. One way to do this is by translating or rotating handles. To translate or rotate handles: 1.

Translate the handles. -

Change the upper middle selector from move to node to translate.

-

Select a few handles.

-

Select a vector and distance. Or Select the desired xyz translation.

-

Click translate. The handles move the specified distance in the specified direction and the model morphs accordingly.

2.

Rotate the handles. -

Change the upper middle selector from translate to rotate.

-

Select a few handles.

-

Select an axis of rotation.

-

Set the rotation angle.

-

Click rotate. The handles rotate about the axis the specified angle and the model morph accordingly.

3.

Specify dimensions more precisely in the alter dimensions sub-panel. -

From the HyperMorph module, select the morph panel.

-

Select alter dimensions.

-

Set the upper left selector to distance.

-

Change the middle left selector to nodes and handles.

-

Select node a and node b at nodes whose distance you want to change

-

Select follower handles for node a that are near node a.

-

Select follower handles for node b that are near node b.

-

Change the distance value.

-

Click morph. HyperMorph moves the follower handles for node a as a group and the follower handles for node b as a group either towards each other or away from each other so that the new distance between node a and node b is equal to the specified distance. If the left selector is set to hold end a, node a will not move (same for node b). If the left selector is set to hold middle, both node a and node b will move the same distance.

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Morphing by altering the distance between two nodes The w idth of the car is found by placing node a (green dot) on the right hand door and node b (blue dot) on the left hand door. The handles on the right side of the model are selected as follow ers for node a and the handles on the left side of the model are selected as follow ers for node b. The distance is changed and the model morphs.

To change the angle: 1.

Set the upper left selector to angle.

2.

Change the middle left selector to nodes and handles.

3.

Select node a, vertex, and node b at nodes whose angle you want to change.

4.

Select follower handles for node a that are near node a.

5.

Select follower handles for node b that are near node b.

6.

Change the angle value.

7.

Click morph. HyperMorph moves the follower handles for each end in a way so that the new angle between node a, the vertex, and node b are the specified angle. If necessary, HyperMorph will iterate to achieve the desired angle, or at least get close. If node a and node b are selected coincident with one of the follower handles, iteratation is not necessary.

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Morphing by altering the angle formed by three nodes The slope of the w indshield is altered by defining an angle using three nodes (green, blue, and red), selecting tw o handles at the front of the car as follow ers for node a (green), and selecting tw o handles on either side of the w indshield as follow ers for node b (red node). The angle is changed from 160 degrees to 150 degrees. Note that the handles on either side of the w indshield w ere constrained to move along the x-axis (front to back) thus maintaining the height of the roof.

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Controlling Global Morphing with Handle Placement Global morphing differs from local morphing in that there are no definite boundaries between the handles that restrict their zones of influence. When you perform global morphing operations, the parts of the model that are morphed are those that lie between the handles that are moving and those that are not. For the general space frame cases, positioning handles at the joints between the members of the space frame restricts the handle influences to the parts of the frame that they are touching. However, for cases where you are trying to morph a mesh that covers a wide area, you will need to place several handles across both of sides of the zone of influence. You can visualize the handles as places on a sheet of rubber where you are placing your fingers. If you place three fingers on one side and two on the other and try to stretch the sheet, the space between your fingers on the two finger side will be pulled towards the three finger side. By placing three fingers on each side, you allow for even stretching to occur between each set of fingers. In morphing this is accomplished by placing handles evenly along both sides of the mesh to be stretched.

Controlling global morphing with handles – part 1 The handle on the roof is moved upw ards and the center section of the car is morphed along w ith it.

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Controlling global morphing with handles – part 2 A handle is added directly below the handle on the roof near the center of the car. Now w hen the handle on the roof is moved upw ards, only the part of the car betw een the roof and the handles along the midline of the car is stretched.

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Adding handles to control global morphing Using several handles on either side, the fender of the model is morphed. Note that dependent handles are used to simplify the morphing operation. Also note that in cases w here detailed shape changes are required, morph volumes w ill usually yield better results.

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Mirror Images - Using 1-Plane Symmetry If your space frame is symmetric, you can create a plane of symmetry at the center of your space frame and have your morphs applied in a symmetric fashion. To set up a plane of symmetry: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Systems panel.

2.

Create a system at a node where the plane of symmetry is to be located and have the x-axis pointing normal to the plane to be created.

3.

Return to the HyperMorph module, select the Symmetry panel.

4.

Enter a name.

5.

Select the global domain icon.

6.

Switch the selector from none to 1 plane.

7.

Select the system you created.

8.

Select x-axis as the axis to align the symmetry

9.

Change the left toggle from approximate to enforced.

10. Click create. A plane of symmetry is created at the origin of the system and based perpendicular to the x-axis. The icon for a 1-plane symmetry is a rectangle positioned like a small mirror for the symmetry system. HyperMorph also links any handles that it finds that are reflections of the other. Since enforced was selected, HyperMorph creates new handles that are reflections of ones that are not linked to any others and creates a symmetric link between them. When handles are created or deleted, the enforced option will automatically create or delete handles on the other side of the symmetric link in order to enforce symmetry of the handles. The mesh itself does not need to be symmetric to use the symmetry options. The symmetry will be applied to the handles and handle perturbations that will influence the mesh in a symmetric fashion. If you want to add handles to one side of the plane of symmetry and not the other, yet still have symmetry active for the symmetric handles, use the approximate option instead.

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System and 1-plane symmetry The plane of symmetry is positioned at the origin of the system and perpendicular to the x-axis. The perturbations applied to handles on one side of the plane of symmetry w ill be mirrored on to the other side.

Now when you perform a morphing operation you only need to move the handles on one side of the plane of symmetry. If you have the symmetry links check box activated, HyperMorph automatically applies the handle movements to the handles on the other side of the plane of symmetry through the symmetry link. As a result, the model maintains symmetry across the symmetry plane.

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Using 1-plane symmetry Three handles on the right hand side of the roof are selected and moved tow ards the centerline. HyperMorph automatically moves the corresponding nodes on the left hand side of the roof in a symmetric fashion.

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Reducing 3D to 2D - Using Linear Symmetry You can use linear symmetry to apply morphs to the model in such a way that the model is essentially reduced to two dimensions. To create a linear symmetry: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Systems panel.

2.

Create a system with the x-axis pointing along the dimension to be reduced.

3.

Return to the HyperMorph module, select the Symmetry panel.

4.

Select create.

5.

Enter a name.

6.

Select the global domain icon.

7.

Switch the selector from 1 plane to linear.

8.

Select the system you created.

9.

Select x-axis as the axis to align the symmetry.

10. Click create. A linear symmetry is created along the x-axis of the system. The icon for a linear symmetry consists of two parallel lines along the dimension to be reduced. The origin of the system is irrelevant. Now each handle acts on the mesh as if it were a line extending along the system x-axis. If two handles lie along a line parallel to the system x-axis, they will be linked through symmetry. When you move a handle, all the nodes and handles with the same y and z coordinates will move along with it. Note:

Since linear is a non-reflective type of symmetry, leaving symlinks unchecked will not prevent the handles from having linear influences. However, it will stop movements from one handle from being applied to others that are linked via the symmetry. If you wish to turn the symmetry off for a given morphing operation, make the symmetry inactive in the Morph Options panel.

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System and linear symmetry The linear symmetry icon consists of tw o parallel lines along the system x-axis. Note that the placement of a linear symmetry system does not matter, the effect of the linear symmetry system is determined only by the direction of the x-axis.

Applying a linear symmetry is very useful for making profile changes to a space frame model. It does not matter where the handles are placed along the x-axis, greatly simplifying the model set up. You only need to look at the model from one view to set up the handles and to morph the model. For models with a large number of elements this can save a great deal of time.

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Using linear symmetry The handle on the rear part of the roof is selected and the entire rear portion of the roof is morphed along w ith it. With linear symmetry you only need to place handles on one side of the model to affect the entire profile.

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Reducing 3D to 1D - Using Planar Symmetry Planar symmetry is similar to linear symmetry accept that it reduces two dimensions instead of one. This enables you to morph your model along a single axis with only two or more handles. To create a planar symmetry: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Systems panel.

2.

Create a system with the x-axis pointing along the dimension to be retained.

3.

Return to the HyperMorph module, select the Symmetry panel.

4.

Select create.

5.

Enter a name.

6.

Select the global domain icon.

7.

Switch the selector from linear to planar.

8.

Select the system you created.

9.

Select x-axis as the axis to align the symmetry.

10. Click create. 11. Return to the HyperMorph module. 12. Select the Symmetry panel. 13. Select update by domain. 14. Select the global domain. 15. Select the planar symmetry. 16. Click update. A planar symmetry is created and the other two symmetries from the global domain are removed. You are allowed to have any number of symmetries associated with a domain and all will apply, but combining linear and planar symmetry in the same direction results in an unrealistic situation and poor influence calculations. The planar symmetry icon is displayed as a filled-in rectangle perpendicular to the system x-axis. Now each handle acts on the mesh as if it were a plane perpendicular to the x-axis. If two handles lie in a plane perpendicular to the system x-axis, they will be linked through symmetry. When you move a handle, all the nodes and handles with the same x coordinates will move along with it. Note:

Since planar is a non-reflective type of symmetry, leaving symlinks unchecked will not prevent the handles from having linear influences. However, it will stop movements from one handle from being applied to others. If you wish to turn the symmetry off for a given morphing operation, make the symmetry inactive in the morph options panel.

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System and planar symmetry The planar symmetry icon is a plane perpendicular to the system x-axis. Note that the placement of a planar symmetry system does not matter, the effect of the planar symmetry system is determined only by the direction of the x-axis.

Applying a planar symmetry greatly simplifies a model. Essentially, it reduces the model to a lying along single axis. This symmetry type is very useful for changing dimensions along one axis through the entire model.

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Using planar symmetry The handle at the rear of the model is selected and the entire trunk of the car is morphed. With planar symmetry you only need a row of handles lying roughly along the planar symmetry system x-axis.

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Shell Model Strategies Shell models are models that are made up primarily of shell elements, namely, quads, and trias. In general, a shell model represents many parts, each with numerous features such as holes and edges, and connected together using 1D elements such as bars and rigids. HyperMorph is designed to make it easy to change the size and shapes of the shell model features. This is done using one of the following methods: Moving the handles on the part to new locations Moving the global handles around the parts to new locations Altering the radius or curvature of curved edges of the parts, or mapping the nodes of a part to line or surface data For most models you only need to create 2D domains for the entire part, but you can also add a global domain and global handles for shape alterations of a general nature.

Creating Handles and Domains Morphing on Local Domains Morphing Global Handles Using Constraints Using Biasing

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Creating Handles and Domains - shell model 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select create.

3.

Set the selector to 2D domains.

4.

Change the toggle to all elements or select all the elements in the model.

5.

Click create. A 2D domain is created for each group of continuous shell elements. Parts joined by 1D or 3D elements are separated into different domains. If partition domains is checked, the 2D domains will be partitioned according to the settings selected in the partitioning subpanel of the Domains panel. Once partitioned, edge domains are placed around the 2D domains and handles are placed at the ends of the edge domains. All of this is automatic, but 1D and 3D elements will not be placed into 1D and 3D domains unless you set the selector to local domains instead of 2D domains. In many cases, the domains and handles will be generated where you want them to be. If not you can always add, edit, or delete the handles and domains to meet your needs.

A shell model is partitioned into 2D domains

6.

If you wish to generate a global domain as well as local domains for your model with a single button click, either change the selector to global and local and click create, or to auto functions and click generate.

In the case of the generate auto function, if there are any domains or handles in the model, HyperMorph will first ask if you want to delete all the current morphing entities. If you say "yes", or if there are no morphing entities in the model, HyperMorph automatically generates 1D, 2D, 3D, and edge domains for the entire model and a global domain and handles as well. For tria meshes which lack underlying geometry, both the node-based and element based partitioning algorithms may prove unsatisfactory. In these cases you may find it more effective to ignore curvature when partitioning. To accomplish this, go to the partitioning subpanel, select element based as the algorithm for tria/tetra meshes, and change the uppermost toggle from curvature based to angle based. You may also want to lower the domain angle to 30 degrees. HyperMorph will then only make partitions along edges in the model where the domain angle is exceeded. You can then go in and manually divide the 2D domains where the curvature breaks should go. This method is almost mandatory for meshes that began as first order meshes but were transformed into second order meshes. For these meshes, HyperMorph will detect a curvature break at every element along a curve if the midpoint nodes of the elements have not been modified to capture the curvature. The result will be a domain for every element on a curve which makes morphing impractical.

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Solving the influence coefficients for 2D domains which contain more than 20,000 elements can become very time consuming even though it is only done after domain editing and during morphing operations such as radius change and map to geom. In these cases you may want to divide the large domains into multiple domains or lower the limit for the large domain solver. The large domain solver limit can be found in the global subpanel of the Morph Options panel. However, even though influence calculations for large domains are more rapid, morphing using the large domain solver can be time consuming, and thus subdividing 2D domains can often be the best solution for efficient morphing. To divide your shell model, do this: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select create.

3.

Set the selector to 2D domains.

4.

Select the elements to be placed into a new 2D domain.

5.

Click create. When selecting the elements for the new domain you do not need to select only shell elements. HyperMorph automatically removes any other elements before creating the domain. It does not matter if the elements selected are already in a 2D domain. When the new domain is created, the elements are moved from the old domains to the new domain. Handle influences need to be recalculated every time handles, domains, or symmetries are added, edited, or deleted. They are also recalculated during radius changes and geometry mapping. These calculations occur when you enter or leave any HyperMorph panel or when you leave the Delete panel. Thus, for models with large domains you will want to make all of your domain changes before exiting the Domains panel. HyperMorph only recalculates the handle influences for handles in regions that have been edited. If the domains are not created exactly how you want them to be, you can edit them in the Domains panel. The create subpanel allows you to create new domains. The organize subpanel allows you to edit domains by adding and removing elements to or from a domain and by grouping domains together. The edit edges subpanel allows you to split, merge, and place handles along edge domains. It is suggested that you create and edit all the 2D domains, then create and edit the edge domains. This order works better since creating or editing 2D domains will result in the regeneration of the surrounding edge domains with the previous modifications to those edge domains being discarded. Sometimes partitioning does not divide the mesh in the ways that would be most useful to you. Occasionally, elements end up in domains adjacent to where you want them or placed in their own domain. Partitioning is not an exact science, so some cleanup is sometimes required.

To move elements from one domain to another: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select organize.

3.

Change the selector to add nodes/elems.

4.

Change the toggle to local domain.

5.

Select the elements to be moved.

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6.

Select the target domain.

7.

Click organize. This will move the elements from the domain that they are currently in to the selected domain. HyperMorph also refreshes the edge domains around both domains as well as the edge domains at the interface. New handles may also be created during this process, and if retain handles is not checked, handles may be deleted. It is suggested that you keep retain handles unchecked unless you have created shapes for the model that use the handles on the domains that you are editing.

Partitioning problems The model on the left shows problems that partitioning can encounter for some meshes. The model on the right has been corrected using the organize sub-panel of the domains panel. For this example the retain handles option was left unchecked resulting in the elimination of handles that are no longer on the corners of the 2D domains. Note that the edge domains are always partitioned for any new domain and handles are placed at the end of the edge domains. For the example above, a handle was created in a new location due to the edge partitioning being different for the two domain configurations.

When you hold the mouse button down and the mouse is either over the icon for a 2D domain or over an element inside a domain, the edge domains surrounding the domain are highlighted as well. This allows you to better visualize the domain that you are selecting. The domain icon is placed at the centroid of the domain, and some domains can end up away from the elements of the domain and near other domain icons. Having the edges for the domain highlighted during selection is often necessary to tell which icon goes with which group of elements. To group two or more domains together: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select organize.

3.

Change the selector to combine domains.

4.

Select the domains to be grouped together.

5.

Click organize. The selected domains are combined into a single domain and the surrounding domains and handles are updated.

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Two domains are organized into one

Edge domains are automatically partitioned when they are created. They are also updated whenever a change occurs for a domain of which they are on the edge. This is why any editing of the edge domains should come after the editing of the other domains. If you do your edge editing first, your changes may be erased when you edit the 2D domains. Edge domains are used to make radius changes, so it is important to make sure that any radius in the model that you intend to change be captured correctly by edge domains. HyperMorph tries to partition edge domains where curvature begins and ends, but in some cases it may not identify the proper starting and ending points. You may need to correct this by hand. To split edge domains: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select edit edges.

3.

Change the selector to split.

4.

Select an edge domain.

5.

Select a node on that domain that is not on the edge.

6.

Click split. The selected edge domain is split into two edge domains at the selected node. A handle is created at the selected node.

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Splitting an edge domain - a circular edge domain is divided into two half circles A handle was created at the joint to allow you to manipulate the edges.

To merge edge domains: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select edit edges.

3.

Change the selector to merge.

4.

Select any number of connected edge domains.

5.

Click merge. The two edge domains are merged into one edge domain. This function only allows you to merge edge domains that lie end to end such that the resultant edge domain is a continuous series of nodes. Note that you can also merge edge domains in the organize subpanel.

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Merging two edge domains The two half circles are merged into a single domain. Since retain handles was unchecked, the handle at the joint was deleted.

You may also create dependent handles along an edge domain. This feature is quite useful for saving time when you are changing the radius for the edge domain. If the domain containing the radius to be changed is very large you may find it more efficient to place dependent handles on the edge domains whose radii you wish the change before you go into the morph panel. To place dependent handles on the edge domains whose radii you wish the change: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select edit edges.

3.

Change the selector to add handles.

4.

Select one or more domains.

5.

Click create. The dependent handles are created on the selected edge domains. These handles are dependent on the independent handles to either side of them along the edge domain.

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Creating handles on an edge domain A dependent handle is created on each node of the edge domain.

Creating dependent handles in this way has two significant effects. The first is that since they are dependent, movements applied to any of the independent handles on the edge will be transparently applied to the dependent handles. It will be as if they were not there. Secondly, when you make a radius change to an edge domain that has a handle at each of its nodes, the influences do not need to be recalculated, which makes the radius change process much faster for large models. 6.

When you are satisfied with your domains, click return. HyperMorph calculates the influences for the handles and you are ready to begin morphing. During influence calculation you might run out of available memory. This generally happens when a given domain is too large and it contains too many handles. In these cases you should divide large domains, delete unnecessary handles, or lower the limit of the large domain solver.

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Morphing on Local Domains You can change the shape of a model with local domains and handles using one or more of the following methods: Moving the local handles Changing a distance or angle Changing the radius, curvature, or arc angle of an edge domain Mapping nodes to a line, plane, surface, or mesh Using section mapping, line and surface difference, and element offset Using freehand morphing capabilities such as move nodes, record, and sculpting There are six ways to move handles in the move handles subpanel of the Morph panel: interactive

This option allows you to move handles interactively by dragging the mouse across the screen. You select an entity such as a vector, line, plane, surface, or domains, to orient the mouse location in 3D space, and move a handle by clicking on it and dragging it to a new location. Interactive morphing is most effective for visualizing how the mesh will react when a handle is moved and for making approximate shape changes. If you want to move a handle a specific distance or to a specific position, it is better to use a non-interactive option.

translate

This option allows you to translate handles along a vector or element normals.

rotate

This option allows you to rotate handles about an axis.

move to XYZ

This option allows you to position handles at specific XYZ locations or place them on lines, surfaces, or another mesh.

move to node, move to point

These options allow you to position handles at specific node or point locations, or place them on lines, surfaces, or another mesh.

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Morphing by translating handles: By selecting the two handles along the edge of the flange and translating them along a vector defined at the end of the section (green and blue nodes), the length of the flange is reduced.

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Morphing by translating handles: By selecting the three handles and translating them along a vector defined at the end of the section, the width of the channel is increased.

Morphing by translating handles: By selecting the handles at the bottom of the part and translating them upwards, the thickness of the lower section is reduced.

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Morphing by translating handles: By selecting all the handles around the bolt boss and translating them horizontally, the position of the bolt boss is modified.

Morphing by rotating handles - constant: By selecting all the handles at the end of the section and rotating them about a point (violet node), the end angle of the section is modified.

Morphing by rotating handles - constant: The right end of the block is given a constant rotation.

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Morphing by rotating handles - linear: The entire block is given a linear rotation. Note how the magnitude of the twist increases linearly with the distance from the base (purple) node.

When applying handle perturbations to your model, it is important to note that the nodes in the model follow the movements of the handles according to the influence coefficients. This concept comes into play when you are using the rotate function. After rotating handles you may find areas in the model (particularly those defined by curved edges) that are not rotated the same as the neighboring handles. This is because the nodes have followed the handles instead of being rotated about the axis. To correct this situation, check the true rotation checkbox. This will cause the nodes to be rotated as well as the handles with the amount of rotation being equal to the influence coefficient. Although it could be argued that true rotation is the "correct" way to morph via rotation of the handles, not all morphing applications are best done using true rotation.

Morphing by rotating handles - normal: Although the highlighted handles are rotated, the circle at the center of the model remains on the same plane as before.

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Morphing by rotating handles - true rotation: During "true rotation" the nodes rotate along with the handles.

While morphing a model, the following message may be displayed: "Some handles selected are dependent on others. Would you lik e to ignore dependencies for this operation?". This occurs when both a dependent handle and the handle on which it is dependent are selected to be morphed. If you click yes the given perturbation is applied to each handle and the dependent handles are not given an additional perturbation inherited from another handle. If you click no, the given perturbation and any inherited perturbation is applied to each dependent node. For most cases you will want to click yes. The alter dimensions subpanel of the Morph panel allows you to change one of the parameters in the model, such as the distance between nodes, the angle between nodes, or the radius or curvature of an edge domain. The basic concept is as follows: Select two nodes (node a and node b). Select handles corresponding to those nodes. The handles selected are the ones that will move to make the distance between node a and node b (or angle with a vertex selected) equal the specified value. You must select at least one handle for each end and the handle may be coincident with one of the nodes. For solid models, controlling a particular dimension often involves moving more than one handle for each end.

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Morphing by altering dimensions - distance: By selecting the width of the bottom of the channel as the desired distance to alter (green and blue nodes) and by selecting the handles on the left (highlighted) to follow the green node and the handles on the right (shown as gray) to follow the blue node, the width of the bottom of the channel can be changed from 60 to 30 with the rest of the channel changing along with it.

Morphing by altering dimensions - distance: By selecting the thickness of the block as the desired distance to alter (green and blue nodes) and by selecting the handles on the radius (shown as gray) to follow the green node and the handles on the back face (highlighted) to follow the blue node, the thickness of the block between the radius and the back face is altered from 15 to 25 by moving the entire back face.

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Morphing by altering dimensions - angle: By selecting the angle of the left side of the channel (green, blue, and red nodes) and by selecting the handle at the bottom right of the channel (shown as gray) to follow the green node and the handle at the red node (highlighted) to follow the red node, the angle of the left side of the section is changed from 110 degrees to 90 degrees.

Morphing by altering dimensions - angle: By selecting the angle between two faces of the block (green, blue, and red nodes) and by selecting the handles at and directly below the green node (shown as gray) to follow the green node and the handles at, near, and below the red node (highlighted) to follow the red node, the angle is altered from 126 degrees to 90 degrees.

The radius, curvature, and arc angle options are used as follows. You select any number of curved edge or 2D domains, select the center calculation and style options, set the new radius, curvature multiplication, or

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arc angle factor for them, and click morph. All the domains are changed simultaneously. Note: The curvature tool scales your radius by a factor rather than a set radius, so if you want to change a radius from 5.0 to 8.0, you need to set the curve ratio to 1.6. The curvature tool is intended for domains that do not have constant curvature. Note:

Making the bias factor retroactive does not work for radius changes.

Morphing by altering dimensions – radius – center: By selecting the edge domain around the edge of the hole, the radius is changed from 3 to 1.5.

Morphing by altering dimensions - radius - fillet: By selecting the edge domain at the corner of the part and selecting the fillet option, the radius is changed from 5 to 2.5 and kept in line with the edges at either end.

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Morphing by altering dimensions - radius - hold ends: By selecting the edge domain at the corner of the part and selecting the hold ends option, the radius is changed from 5 to 10 with the ends held in place.

Morphing by altering dimensions - radius - hold end: By selecting the edge domain at the corner of the part, selecting the hold end option, and selecting a node at the end of the edge domain, the radius is changed from 5 to 8 while the held end remains in place.

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Morphing by altering dimensions - radius - fillet: By selecting all of the edge domains that form the fillet between the flat sections and the round section and changing them simultaneously, the fillet is reduced from 20 to 8.

Morphing by altering dimensions - radius: The radius is changed in three different ways. At the top right, the hold center option is used. At the lower left, the hold ends option is used. At the lower right, the fillet option is used. In all cases, both the top and bottom edge domains were selected as well as the 2D domain and the by normals option was used for center calculation. This option will directly calculate the radii for the nodes on the 2D domain instead of inferring them from the edge domains which makes this approach more accurate for 2D domains as well as more reliable for non-uniform meshes.

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Morphing by altering dimensions - arc angle: The arc angle of the mesh is changed from 60 to 90 degrees using by axis (the vertical axis and violet base node) to calculate the center of curvature.

Morphing by altering dimensions - arc angle: The arc angle of the fillet is changed from 90 to 180 degrees using by normals to calculate the center of curvature.

There are five methods available for calculating the center of curvature for the selected domains: by normals - this method is the default and uses the element normals to approximate where the center of curvature is for each node in the selected domains. This method is not always accurate, but often gives good results for regular meshes. by axis - you may select an axis which will serve as the center of curvature. by line - you may select a line which will serve as the center of curvature. by node - you may select a node which will serve as the center of curvature. by edges - this method uses the edge domains to calculate the center of curvature with the center lying in the plane of the edge domains. The symmetry option refers to how the morphing of the edge domains is applied to neighboring 2D domains. The auto-symmetry option was the default for HyperMorph prior to version 8.0. In 8.0 you may choose to turn off symmetry when using this option. For auto-symmetry, the changes in the radii of the edge domains are applied to any 2D domain, depending on the number of edge domains you change for the 2D domains. If you change only one edge domain for a

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given 2D domain, the radius change will not be applied linearly across the 2D domain. If you change the radii of two edges for any given 2D domain, either a linear or planar temporary symmetry is created between the two edge domains for the 2D domain that will apply radius changes more linearly across the 2D domain. This works best if the mesh is regular. If you are changing only one edge for a 2D domain, you can increase the bias factor of any handles on an edge domain to yield a more even distribution. Mapping an edge domain to a line or a 2D mesh to a plane, surface, or mesh is done using the map to geom panel. This option is very effective for fitting a mesh to new geometric data. When mapping a domain to a geometric feature, all the nodes in neighboring domains are stretched along with it, minimizing mesh distortion. You have several options for determining how the nodes for the mapped domain are placed on the geometry. When mapping an edge domain or node list the nodes can be moved normal to the line, along a vector to the line, or distributed along the full length of the line. When mapping a 2D domain or selection of nodes to a plane, surface, or mesh, the nodes can be moved normal to the target, normal to the elements of the 2D domain or selected nodes, or along a vector. If you wish to fit a mesh to a surface, there is no option to do this automatically, however, with multiple mapping operations, or using the user control option you can fit a 2D domain to a surface. Furthermore, you have the option of creating a morph constraint between the nodes and the map target automatically after mapping. This constraint will allow you to do further morphing operations while maintaining the constrained nodes on the geometry. . The map to geom panel is also effective for solid model meshing. You can create a block of solid elements roughly in the shape of the geometry that you are trying to mesh, and then use map to surface to morph the faces of the block to the geometry.

Morphing by mapping to line - automap - normal to geom: The edge domain is mapped to a line by moving the nodes normal to the line.

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Morphing by mapping to line - automap - fit to line: The edge domain is mapped to the line by fitting them along the line. Any proportional spacing between the nodes will be maintained after mapping.

Morphing by mapping to surface: By selecting the 2D domain on the top of the solid block to be mapped to the surface, the entire solid block is morphed to match the surface.

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Morphing by mapping to surface: A rectangular C-section is mapped to a curved surface.

Morphing by mapping to surface - user control: This example shows the user-control approach to mapping a mesh onto a surface. The surface and 2D domain are selected and the user control button is clicked. This brings up a new panel which allows you to place handles or map edges prior to the surface mapping operation. One by one each edge domain is placed on one of the lines around the target surface using the fit to line option. This stretches the 2D domain to match the surface more closely than before. When the map button is clicked, the domain is the mapped to the surface, fitting it perfectly to the geometry.

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Morphing Global Handles Global handles are most effective when used to make general shape changes for a model, such as changing the basic shape of a model, stretching parts of a model, or making changes that involve the movement of many local handles. There are three methods available for affecting the way global handles influence the model, the direct method, the hierarchical method, and the mixed method. The default is the direct method, where the global handles move the nodes directly. In the hierarchical method, the global handles move the local handles which in turn move the nodes, but if any nodes lie outside of local domains they will be unaffected. In the mixed method, the hierarchical method is used for all nodes in local domains and the direct method is used for all other nodes. The hierarchical method maintains the shape of edge domains in the model, but if local handles are not evenly placed throughout the model, some parts will become distorted. The direct method gives you what you expect but often distorts the shape of the edge domains. For shell and solid models, better morphing is more likely to occur if you use the hierarchical method, and place local handles in areas where there is distortion.

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Using Constraints Morph constraints are a powerful tool that can be used to restrict the movement of nodes during morphing operations. The following types of constraints can be applied to any node: fixed, cluster, along vector, on plane, along line, on surface, and on elements. Whenever a handle is moved that influences a node which is constrained, the node is moved according to the handle perturbation and is then projected back onto the feature to which it is constrained. This allows the nodes to slide across vectors, lines, planes, surfaces, and meshes, to remain fixed when handles are moved, or to move as a cluster along with other nodes. You may also constrain nodes where handles are located which, in effect, constrains the handles. When a perturbation is applied to a constrained handle, the handle are moved along the constraint feature regardless of the applied perturbation. This means that if you apply a translation in the x direction on a handle that is constrained along a vector x - y = 0, the handle moves along both the x and y axes. There are also morph constraints that can be applied to domains, such as the smooth constraint, which applies spline-based smoothing along the constrained edge domains, and model constraints, which allow you to set a given parametric target (such as length, angle, mass, etc.) and have HyperMorph adjust the model to meet that target. These constraints as well as bounded and set distance options for the node constraints are described more fully in the panel help. Morph constraints can be very useful for morphing a mesh that has been mapped to, projected to, or created upon a surface. Note that the map to geom operation allows you to have a morph constraint automatically created after mapping. Once you have done so, the nodes will remain on the surface during morphing operations. Note:

Although morph constraints can keep nodes on a curved line or surface during morphing operations, when morphs are saved as shapes and then turned into shape variables for optimization, the nodes will not stay on the line or surface during optimization. This is because optimization is a linear process and the shapes will be treated as linear, meaning that the nodes will move directly from their original point to their maximally perturbed point without moving along any constraint.

Controlling handle positions with morph constraints The angle of the lower right corner is changed from 74 to 90 degrees using the alter dimensions (angle) operation. The middle frame shows the result with no constraints. The frame on the right shows the result with the node in the upper right corner constrained to move along a vector that lies along the top edge.

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Nodes tracking a line during morphing The nodes along the right edge domain are constrained to the line. When the handle is moved, it and the other constrained nodes move along the line.

Morphing after mapping to surface All mapped nodes are automatically constrained to the surface. When the handles are translated, the nodes are moved along the surface a distance corresponding to the applied handle perturbations. If the handles were also part of the map to geom operation, they too will be moved along the surface regardless of the applied perturbation. In this example, the handles were translated linearly. HyperMorph automatically placed the handles back on the surfaces after applying the translation so that the constraint was obeyed.

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Using Biasing Biasing allows you to control the shape of a mesh when applying handle perturbations. Biasing increases or decreases the influence of a handle over the nodes within its area of influence. If the biasing values for all of the handles are equal to 1.000, which is the default value for all handles except for dependent handles on 1D domains, the morphing between the handles is linear, provided both handles are global handles or they are located on edge domains. Higher biasing values generate a smooth curvature near the handles, while lower biasing values generate harsh corners near the handles. To smoothly change the shape of a domain it is recommended that you use a biasing factor of 1.000 at the corners, 2.000 at the edges, and 3.000 in the middle.

Biasing for a 2D domain The model at the upper left has all five handles with the default biasing value of 1.000. The model at the upper right shows the four corner handles with a biasing value of 1.000, and the mid-edge handle with a biasing value of 2.000. The model at the lower left has all five handles with the default biasing value of 2.000. The model at the upper right shows the four corner handles with a biasing value of 1.000 and the mid-edge handle with a biasing value of 0.500.

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Biasing to reduce mesh distortion When the hole is moved downward with a biasing factor of 1.000 for the handle at the hole, the mesh folds over due to the influences of the other handles (middle frame). When the biasing value of the handle at the hole is increased to 3.000, the mesh unfolds (right frame).

Biasing can be applied retroactively after a morphing operation. After applying a morph, you can change the biasing value by activating the make retroactive check box, and have the current list of applied morphs updated to reflect the new biasing values. This is useful in selecting a good biasing value to apply for a given morph. Apply the morphs and change the biasing values retroactively until you get the shape that you want.

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Solid Model Strategies Solid models are models that are made up of solid elements, namely, tetras, pentas, and hexas. In general, a solid model represents a single part with numerous features such as holes, edges, bosses, flanges, and ribs. HyperMorph is designed to make it easy to change the size and shape of features in a solid model. This is done using one of the following methods: Moving the handles on the part to new locations Moving the global handles around the part to new locations Altering the radius or curvature of curved edges of the part Mapping the nodes of the part to line or surface data. For solid models, it is only necessary to create a single 3D domain for the entire part. You can also add a global domain and global handles for shape alterations of a general nature.

Creating Handles and Domains - solid model Viewing Solid Models Morphing on Local Domains Morphing Global Handles Using Constraints Using Biasing

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Creating Handles and Domains - solid model You can create a single 3D domain consisting of all the elements in a model. If the model is made up of more than one part, each part is placed in its own 3D domain. The surfaces of each 3D domain are covered with shell elements that are placed in a component named ^morphface. The elements in ^morphface covering each 3D domain are placed into 2D domains. If partition 2D domains is checked, these 2D domains are partitioned according to the settings selected in the parameter sub-panel of the domains panel. Once partitioned, edge domains are placed around the 2D domains and handles are placed at the ends of the edge domains. This procedure is automatic. In many cases, the domains and handles are generated where you want them to be. If they are not, you can add, edit, or delete the handles and domains to meet specific needs. To create a single 3D domain consisting of all the elements in the model: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select create.

3.

Set the selector to 3D domains.

4.

Change the toggle to all elements, or manually select all of the elements in the model.

5.

Click create.

A 3D domain is created for a solid model Note the automatic creation and partitioning of 2D domains on the face of the solid and the creation of edge domains and handles for the 2D domains.

To create a 3D domain along with a global domain and global handles to your model: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select create.

3.

Set the selector to auto functions.

4.

Click generate. If there are any domains or handles in the model, you are asked if you want to delete all the current morphing entities. If you click yes, or if there are no morphing entities in the model, 1D, 2D, and 3D domains are automatically generated for the entire model, as well as a global domain and handles.

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Automatic generation of domains on a solid model Note the addition of a global domain, global handles, and 1D domain, which produces dependent (green) handles.

If you do not select partition 2D domains when you generate a 3D domain, the 2D domain made up of the elements on the surface of the 3D domain will not have edge domains and thus no handles will be generated for it. Without handles, morphing cannot be performed. However, this approach will give you a "blank slate" 2D domain that you can partition by hand. For meshes on which the automatic partitioning does not work well, such as first order tetra meshes, you may find it easier to start with a blank slate rather than editing the automatically created domains. Be sure to try both methods of partitioning, element based and node based, before deciding to partition by hand. Note:

The element based method sometimes works better on second order tetras since it accounts for element curvature. However, if the second order tetras are converted first order tetras and thus have no curvature, the node based partitioning will work better.

Also, for first order tetra meshes, you may find it more effective to ignore curvature when automatically partitioning. To do this, in the parameters sub-panel, change the uppermost toggle from curvature based to angle based. You may also want to lower the domain angle to 30 degrees. Partitions will be made only along edges in the model where the domain angle is exceeded. You can then manually divide the 2D domains where the curvature breaks should be located. This method is very helpful for meshes that began as first order tetra meshes but then were then transformed into second order meshes. For these meshes, a curvature break is detected at every element along a curve if the midpoint nodes of the elements have not been modified to capture the curvature. This results in a domain for every element on a curve which makes morphing impractical. Solving the influence coefficients for 3D domains which contain more than 20,000 elements can become very time consuming even though it is only done after domain editing and during morphing operations such as radius change and map to geom. In these cases you may want to divide the domain into multiple domains using the subdivide 3D function in the update sub-panel of the domains panel, or lower the limit for the large domain solver. The large domain solver limit can be found in the global subpanel of the morph options panel. However, even though influence calculations for large domains are more rapid, morphing using the large domain solver can be time consuming, and thus subdividing 3D domains can often be the best solution for efficient morphing. Additionally, if you are only going to morph a part of your 3D mesh, you only need to create domains for that part.

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To subdivide your solid model: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select update.

3.

Set the selector to subdivide 3D.

4.

Select the 3D domains to be subdivided.

5.

Select any 2D domains on the surface of the 3D domain that are permissible for HyperMorph to split into more than one 2D domain.

6.

Click subdivide. HyperMorph automatically subdivides the 3D domains into one or more 3D domains while leaving the 2D domains not selected as being divisible unchanged. Not that in some cases HyperMorph will not be able to subdivide a 3D domain without dividing an indivisible 2D domain. In these cases the 3D domain will be left undivided.

To divide your solid model manually: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select create.

3.

Set the selector to 3D domains.

4.

Select the elements to be placed into a new 3D domain.

5.

Click create. When selecting elements for the new domain, you do not need to select only solid elements, other elements are automatically removed before the domain is created. Therefore, you do not need to be concerned about selecting the morphface elements. Also, it does not matter if the selected elements are already in a 3D domain. When the new domain is created, the elements are moved from the old domains to the new domain. Morphface elements are placed at the internal interface between the new domain and the other domains and create a 2D domain for the interface, but it will not partition the interface. This better accommodates the division of tetra meshes that cannot be divided along flat or curved internal faces and thus would be partitioned into many domains.

Note:

When you divide a 3D domain into parts, it has the effect of partitioning the surface of the original 3D domain along seams where the divisions were made. So when you divide your model into 3D domains, make sure that you divide it along lines where you want your 2D domains on the surface to be.

Dividing a 3D domain into many 3D domains can be very useful for controlling the movement of nodes within the domain when the handles on the surface are moved. When some meshes are morphed, the internal elements can become distorted. This is generally caused by handle influences extending too far through the 3D domain. You can divide your 3D domains to restrict the handle influences and control mesh distortion.

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A single 3D domain is split into four 3D domains The influences of the handles will not extend across the boundaries between the domains.

Influences must be recalculated every time handles, domains, or symmetries are added, edited, or deleted. They are also recalculated during radius changes and geometry mapping. These calculations occur when you enter or leave a HyperMorph panel or when you leave the delete panel. For large models you will want to make all of your domain changes before exiting the domains panel. The influences for handles are only recalculated in regions that have been edited. If the domains are not created exactly the way you want them, you can edit them in the domains panel. The create sub-panel allows you to create new domains. The organize sub-panel allows you to edit domains by adding and removing elements to or from a domain and by grouping domains together. The edit edges sub-panel allows you to split, merge, and place handles along edge domains. Since creating or editing 3D domains results in the creation of 2D and edge domains, and creating or editing 2D domains results in the creation and deletion of edge domains, you should perform the tasks in the following order: 1.

Create and edit all the 3D domains that you want first.

2.

Create and edit the 2D domains.

3.

Create and edit the edge domains. Automatic partitioning does not always divide a mesh in the most useful ways. Occasionally, elements end up in domains adjacent to where you want them or placed in their own domain. Some cleanup may be required.

To move elements from one domain to another: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select organize.

3.

Change the selector to add nodes/elements.

4.

Select the elements to be moved.

5.

Select the target domain.

6.

Click organize. The elements are moved from their current domain to the selected domain. The edge domains around both domains are refreshed, as well as the 2D domains at the interface if solid elements are being organized. New handles may also be created during this process, and if retain handles is not checked,

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handles may be deleted. You should keep retain handles unchecked unless you have created shapes for the model that use the handles on the domains that you are editing.

The model on the left shows problems that partitioning can encounter for some meshes. The model on the right has been corrected using the organize subpanel of the Domains panel. For this example, the retain handles option was left unchecked, resulting in the elimination of handles that are no longer on the corners of the 2D domains.

Note:

Holding the mouse button down when the mouse is either over the icon for a 2D or 3D domain or over an element inside a domain, will highlight the edge domains surrounding the domain. This allows you to visualize the domain that you are selecting. The domain icon is placed at the centroid of the domain, and for some domains it can end up away from the elements of the domain and near other domain icons. Having the edges for the domain highlighted during selection is often necessary to tell which icon goes with which group of elements.

To group two or more domains: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select organize.

3.

Change the selector to combine domains.

4.

Select the domains to be grouped.

5.

Click organize. The selected domains are combined into a single domain, and the surrounding domains and handles are updated. Edge domains are automatically partitioned when they are created. They are also updated whenever a change occurs for a domain of which they are on the edge. This is why you should edit the edge domains after the other domains have been edited. If you perform edge editing first, your changes may be erased when you edit the 2D and 3D domains. Edge domains are used to make radius changes, so it is important to make sure that any radius in the

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model that you intend to change be captured correctly by edge domains. HyperMorph attempts to partition edge domains where curvature begins and ends, but in some cases, it will not identify the proper starting and ending points. You will need to correct this by hand. To split edge domains: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select edit edges.

3.

Change the selector to split.

4.

Select an edge domain.

5.

Select a node on that domain that is not on the edge.

6.

Click split. The selected edge domain is split into two edge domains at the selected node. A handle is created at the selected node.

The lower edge domain has been split at the gray node (left model), which becomes a handle (right model). Now the radius of each new edge domain may be modified independently of the other.

To merge edge domains: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select edit edges.

3.

Change the selector to merge.

4.

Select any number of edge domains.

5.

Click merge. The two edge domains are merged into one edge domain. This function only allows you to merge edge domains that lie end-to-end such that the resultant merged edge domain is a continuous series of nodes. You may also create dependent handles along an edge domain. This feature helps save time when you are changing the radius for the edge domain. If a model is very large, you may find it more efficient to place dependent handles on the edge domains whose radii you wish to change before you enter the morphing panel.

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Note that you can also merge edge domains in the organize subpanel. To create dependent handles along an edge domain: 1.

From the HyperMorph module, select the Domains panel.

2.

Select edit edges.

3.

Change the selector to add handles.

4.

Select one or more domains.

5.

Click create. Dependent handles are created on the selected edge domains. These handles are dependent on the independent handles to either side of them along the edge domain.

Dependent handles created using the handles on edge feature

Creating dependent handles in this way has two significant effects. The first is that since they are dependent, movements applied to any of the independent handles on the edge are transparently applied to the dependent handles. It will be as if they were not there. Secondly, when you make a radius change to an edge domain that has a handle at each of its nodes, the influences do not need to be recalculated, which makes the radius change process much faster for large models. 6.

When you are satisfied with your domains, click return. The influences for the handles is calculated and you are ready to begin morphing. Note:

During influence calculation for large models you might run out of available memory. This generally happens when a given domain is too large and it contains too many handles. In these cases, you should divide large domains, delete unnecessary handles, or lower the limit of the large domain solver.

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Viewing Solid Models The HyperMesh graphics engine supports different visual options for viewing models as you work on them. surface-only wire frame

In this default mode, your model is displayed as a wire frame, but only the surface elements are drawn because in a solid model, a full wire frame can make it very difficult to visualize the model because every element in the model is displayed. Since HyperMorph creates a component called ^morphface, which contains shell elements on the surface of the 3D domains, the default setting is to display only that component—thus showing only the outer surface of your model and making it easier to work on. However, since the viewing mode is still wire frame, you will see the two sides of your model superimposed over each other.

solid fill

The option produces a display that is similar to what you see when you perform a fill plot in the Hidden Line panel. You only see the side of the model that is facing you (as if your model was a real part). You can still display the surface mesh, if desired (as shown).

You can also view a solid model for morphing by turning off all the components and looking at only the domains and handles. This is similar to looking at the model in a meshless wire frame mode. Partitioning generally captures all the features on the surface of a solid, so by viewing only the domains you can visualize the model with minimal clutter.

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Optimization HyperMesh Optimization technology is supported by Altair OptiStruct. OptiStruct is a finite element and multi-body dynamics software application which can be used to design and optimize structures and mechanical systems. OptiStruct uses the analysis capabilities of RADIOSS and MotionSolve to compute responses for optimization. Note that OptiStruct has its own, complete help system which you can consult for greater detail; this chapter of the HyperMesh User's Guide is only an overview of the concepts involved.

Structural Design and Optimization Structural design tools include topology, topography, and free-size optimization. Sizing, shape and free shape optimization are available for structural optimization. In the formulation of design and optimization problems, the following responses can be applied as the objective or as constraints: compliance, frequency, volume, mass, moment of inertia, center of gravity, displacement, velocity, acceleration, buckling factor, stress, strain, composite failure, force, synthetic response, and external (user defined) functions. Static, inertia relief, nonlinear gap, normal modes, buckling, and frequency response solutions can be included in a multi-disciplinary optimization setup.

Setting up Optimization in HM All of your optimization entities can be managed through 3 different ways; the Model Browser's Optimization View, the Menu Bar, or the Panels. The first thing you should do is start with a running model of your analysis type supported by RADIOSS or MotionSolve. From here the optimization setup in HM is very simple process, called DRCO. Each letter is a stage in the process: defining or creating your Design space, creating your Responses, defining your Constraints and define your Objective.

See Also OptiStruct OptiStruct Tutorials

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Model Browser Optimization View See the Browsers chapter for more detail on the Model Browser and its Optimization View.

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The Menu Bar The Optimization Menu exists in the HyperMesh Menu Bar.

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The Panels Optimization panels are located inside of the Optimization module, which is part of the Analysis page.

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Conversion between Solver Formats Finite element models defined for a particular card image solver generally cannot exchange information with other card image or dictionary format solvers without manipulation of the data. Finite element models defined in a particular user profile cannot be converted to another solver format by just changing the user profile. There are two methods available to convert data from one user profile to another. You can either use the Conversion framework or the Convert panel. Both are accessible through the menu bar by clicking Tools > Convert.

Conversion Tools The functionality to convert model files from one solver format to another is supported. 1.

Load your model.

2.

From the Tools menu, select Convert. Select the solver format you'd like to convert from, and then select the solver format that you are converting to.

3.

A window appears asking if you want to load the chosen solver's user profile to continue. Select Yes, and the Conversion tab appears.

4.

In the Destination template field, select the appropriate template for your destination solver.

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5.

The Configuration File field is automatically populated. The default file, ConfigurationFile.txt provides a valid mapping scheme for the conversion.

6.

The entities window displays all the entities identified in the model. The color status bar illustrates the conversion status of each entity. Clicking on an entity name will display information regarding that entity in the lower portion of the tab. In addition, you can right-click on an entity name to open the Card Edit panel for that entity.

7.

Click Convert to convert the file. A window appears, informing you of the status of the conversion. Note that the user profile is automatically updated to the selected solver's format.

8.

Click Close to close the status window.

Conversion Framework When launching the conversion framework (Tools > Convert), a browser opens up showing model contents. When expanding folders you can see individual solver cards listed. Each of them is color coded green, orange or red to highlight to which extent the card is converted to the targeted solver. Clicking on an individual card will provide more detailed information in the lower window of the browser. There you can check to see which card the current entity is mapped to, as well as which parameters are translated. Right-click to display the context sensitive menu, and select Edit Card for direct access to the card image of the solver card.

Using the Convert Panel The Convert panel offers very limited conversion capabilities only and is no longer recommended for use. See the Convert panel for more information.

Note:

See the Convert panel for more information.

See also Abaqus Conversion Tools ANSYS Conversion Tools LS-DYNA Conversion Tools Nastran Conversion Tools PAM-CRASH 2G to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion RADIOSS Conversion Tools Interfacing with Finite Element Solvers

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Abaqus Conversion Tools The following conversions are possible when in the Abaqus user profile:

Abaqus to Nastran conversion Abaqus to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) conversion Abaqus to RADIOSS (Block Format) conversion

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Abaqus to Nastran Conversion The Abaqus to Nastran conversion tool uses an open conversion scheme; you can specify different mappings in the configuration file. Care has to be taken so that the element and property mappings are consistent. We provided a valid mapping scheme in the ConfigurationFile.txt. This document explains the scope and limitations of the mapping scheme.

Elements HM elements have two basic attributes – configuration (or config) and type. The "config" defines the basic geometrical shape of an element. For example, tria3 configuration is a 3 node triangular element and hexa8 is an 8-node hexahedral element. The "type" defines the solver specific element type of a particular configuration. For example, the 4-node quadrilateral (quad4) element in Abaqus can be any of the following types: S4, S4R, M3D4, R3D4 etc. The Element Types panel shows all supported element configurations and their types for a user profile. For a specific configuration, you can map any supported Abaqus element type to any supported Nastran element type, or vice versa. For example, for an Abaqus to Nastran direction, several 2-noded element configurations such as spring, rigid, bar2, rid, etc., are supported. Because all of them are 2-noded elements, conversion across these configurations is also allowed for some element types. For example, CBUSH is of "spring" configuration in the Nastran user profile and CONN3D2 is of ‘rod" configuration in the Abaqus user profile. It is possible to map a CBUSH to CONN3D2 even though their configurations are different. The element mapping scheme must be under the *ElemTypeConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. You need to provide both configuration and type information to specify the element mapping scheme as shown for the Abaqus to Nastran direction below:

HM configuration, Abaqus type

HM configuration, Nastran type

tria3, S3

tria3, CTRIA3

tria3, S3R

tria3, CTRIAR

quad4, S4

quad4, CQUAD4

quad4, S4R

quad4, CQUADR

quad4, M3D4

quad4, CSHEAR

tetra4, C3D4

tetra4, CTETRA

penta6, C3D6

penta6, CPENTA

hex8, C3D8

hex8, CHEXA

tria6, STRI65

tria6, CTRIA6

quad8, S8R

quad8, CQUAD8

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tetra10, C3D10

tetra10, CTETRA

penta15, C3D15

penta15, CPENTA

hex20, C3D20

hex20, CHEXA

mass, MASS

mass, CONM2

mass, SPRING1

mass, CELAS1

mass, SPRING1

mass, CELAS2

rigid, COUP_KIN

rigid, RBE2

rigidlink, COUP_KIN

rigidlink, RBE2

rbe3, DCOUP3D

rbe3, RBE3

spring, SPRING2

spring, CELAS1

spring, SPRING2

spring, CELAS2

spring, DASHPOT2

spring, CDAMP1

spring, DASHPOT2

spring, CDAMP2

rod, CONN3D2

spring, CBUSH

bar2, B31

bar2, CBEAM

bar2, B31

bar2, CBAR

rod, T3D2

rod, CROD

rod, T3D2

rod, CONROD

gap, GAPUNI

gap, CGAP

rigid, KINCOUP

weld, RBAR

You can take advantage of a simplified conversion of Abaqus connectors (CONN3D2) to rbe2 elements when modifying ConfigurationFile.txt in the following way (change the entry for rod element type configuration: rod,CONN3D2 rigid,rbe2 CONN3D2 elements will now be converted to RBE2 elements. Depending on the connection type set in the CONNECTOR SECTION (e.g. AXIAL or HINGE), degrees of freedom will be set for the RBE2 element. If

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systems are associated to the connector elemental nodes they will be assigned to the nodes of the RBE2 as well. Not all connection types are supported. If a system is ignored by a particular CONNECTOR SECTION, it will not be assigned to the nodes of the RBE2 either. These connector types are currently considered in conversion: AXIAL, JOIN, LINK, SLIDE-PLANE, SLOT, ALIGN, REVOLUTE, BEAM, CYLINDRICAL, HINGE, PLANAR, TRANSLATOR, WELD.

Sectional properties The table below shows supported sectional property mapping between Abaqus and Nastran. Some of the properties in one solver can be converted to two different sections in the other solver. For an Abaqus to Nastran conversion, for example, *DASHPOT can be converted to *PELAS or PDAMP. The property mapping scheme can be edited under the *PropertyConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. Please note that the property conversion scheme and corresponding element conversion scheme must be consistent. For example, if you define *CONNECTOR SECTION to PBUSH at the property mapping scheme, the corresponding element CONN3D2 must map to CBUSH in the element mapping scheme. For SOLID SECTION the converter will always convert to PSOLID unless the property has a data line indicating a crossectional area for a truss element. In this case conversion results in a PROD property. For BEAM (GENERAL) SECTION the algorithm decides automatically which property to convert to depending on the element type chosen in the ElementTypeConversion section of the ConfigurationFile.txt. For example, if you want to convert B31 elements to CBAR, that means that the beam property will get converted to a PBAR or PBARL property. If you choose to convert B31 elements to CBEAM, then the converter creates PBEAM or PBEAML properties accordingly. The same logic applies to B32 elements; the difference is that they are changed to first order beam elements first on conversion. Abaqus to Nastran HM configuration, Abaqus type

HM configuration, Nastran type

*SOLID SECTION

PROD or PSOLID

*SHELL SECTION

PSHELL

*SHELL GENERAL SECTION

PSHELL

*MEMBRANE SECTION

PSHELL

*BEAM SECTION

PBEAML or PBARL

*BEAM GENERAL SECTION

PBEAM, PBAR, PBEAML or PBARL

*CONNECTOR SECTION

PELAS or PBUSH

*MASS

CONM2

*ROTARY INERTIA

CONM2

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*SPRING

PELAS

*DASHPOT

PELAS OR PDAMP

*GAP

PGAP

Materials The table below shows supported material mapping between Abaqus and Nastran. The material mapping scheme can be edited under *PropertyConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. Abaqus to Nastran HM configuration, Abaqus type

HM configuration, Nastran type

*MATERIAL

MAT1 Note: Density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, thermal expansion coefficient, reference temperature

*CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR

PBUSH or PELAS

Loads HM loads have two basic attributes – configuration (or config) and type. The supported load "configs" are: force, moment, constraint, pressure, temperature, flux, velocity, acceleration and equation. The load "type" defines the solver specific type of a particular configuration. For example, pressure load can be any of the following Nastran types: PLOAD, PLOAD2 or PLOAD4. The Load Types panel shows all supported load configurations and their types for a user profile. For a specific configuration, you can map any supported Abaqus load type to any supported Nastran load type. The conversion tool does not support conversion across load configurations. The load mapping scheme can be edited under the *BCsTypeConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. You need to provide both configuration and type information to specify the mapping scheme as shown below:

HM configuration, Abaqus type

HM configuration, Nastran type

force, CLOAD

force, FORCE

moment, CLOAD

moment, MOMENT

const, BOUNDARY

const, SPC

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const, VELOCITY

const, SPCD

const, BOUNDARY

const, SUPORT

pressure, DLOAD

pressure, PLOAD

pressure, DLOAD

pressure, PLOAD2

pressure, DLOAD

pressure, PLOAD4

temp, TEMPERATURE

temp, TEMP

equation, *EQUATION

equation, MPC

Load steps and analysis type The conversion tool maps between Abaqus steps and Nastran subcases. It does not convert Abaqus analysis type to the solution type. You must define it manually using the Load Step Browser.

See also Abaqus Conversion Tools

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Abaqus to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert a Abaqus explicit file to a RADIOSS (BLOCK) file. 1.

Load the Abaqus Explicit user profile.

2.

Import a Abaqus Explicit model.

3.

Run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > ABAQUS > To RADIOSS (BLOCK). The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

In the Source Abaqus template field, set it as Explicit.

5.

In the Destination RADIOSS Template field, select the destination solver version.

6.

Click Convert to start the conversion. After conversion, the selected version of the RADIOSS (BLOCK) user profile is automatically loaded

7.

Review and export the deck using the RADIOSS (BLOCK) user profile.

Some of the keywords in the Abaqus (explicit) deck are converted to the RADIOSS (BLOCK) deck as per the following table:

Element Mapping HM configuration, Abaqus (Explicit) type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format), type

C3D10M

/BRICK

C3D4

/BRICK

C3D6

/BRICK

C3D8R

/BRICK

S3R

/SH3N

S4R

/SHELL

SC8R

/BRICK

SC6R

/PENTA6

R3D3

/SH3N + /RBODY

R3D4

/SHELL + /RBODY

MASS

/ADMAS

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Property Mapping HM configuration, Abaqus (Explicit) type HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format), type *SOLID_SECTION and *CONTROL_SECTION

/PROP/SOLID

*SHELL_SECTION and *CONTROL_SECTION

/PROP/SHELL or PROP/TSHELL

*RIGIDBODY

PROP/SHELL or /PROP/SOLID

*MASS

/ADMAS

Material Mapping HM configuration, Abaqus (Explicit) type HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format), type ELASTIC, ISOTROPIC

/MAT/ELASTIC

PLASTIC, ISOTROPIC

/MAT/PLAS_TAB

Hyperelastic, Mooney, Rivlin

MAT/OGDEN

Hyperelastic, Ogden

MAT/OGDEN

Function Mapping HM configuration, Abaqus (Explicit) type HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format), type *AMPLITUDE

/FUNCT, /MOVE_FUNCT

Group Mapping HM configuration, Abaqus (Explicit) type HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format), type

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*NSET

/GRNOD

*ELSET

/GSHEL, /GRSH3N, /GRBRIC

*SURFACE

/GRNOD, /SURF

Load Mapping HM configuration, Abaqus (Explicit) type HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format), type *BOUNDARY

/IMPDISP, /IMPVEL, /IMPACC, /BCS

*INITIAL CONDITION

/INIVEL

*CLOAD

/CLOAD

*DLOAD

/GRAV, /PLOAD

Contact Mapping HM configuration, Abaqus (Explicit) type HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format), type *TIED, *CONTACT_CLEARANCE, *SURFACE_INTERACTION

/INTER/TYPE2

*GENERAL_CONTACT, *CONTACT_CLEARANCE, *SURFACE_INTERACTION

/INTER/TYPE7

Constraints Mapping HM configuration, Abaqus (Explicit) type HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format), type *COUPLING KINEMATIC, *COUPLING DYNAMIC

/RBE2, /RBE3

*MPC BEAM

/RBODY

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See also Abaqus Conversion Tools

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Abaqus to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct Conversion The Abaqus to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct conversion tool uses an open conversion scheme; you can specify different mappings in the configuration file. Care has to be taken so that the element and property mappings are consistent. A valid mapping scheme is provided in the ConfigurationFile.txt. This document explains the scope and limitations of the mapping scheme.

Elements HM elements have two basic attributes – configuration (or config) and type. The "config" defines the basic geometrical shape of an element. For example, tria3 configuration is a 3 node triangular element and hexa8 is an 8-node hexahedral element. The "type" defines the solver specific element type of a particular configuration. For example, the 4-node quadrilateral (quad4) element in Abaqus can be any of the following types: S4, S4R, M3D4, R3D4 etc. The Element Types panel shows all supported element configurations and their types for a user profile. For a specific configuration, you can map any supported RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct element type to any supported Abaqus element type, or vice versa. For example, for a RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct to Abaqus direction, several 2-noded element configurations such as spring, rigid, bar2, rid, etc., are supported. Because all of them are 2-noded elements, conversion across these configurations is also allowed for some element types. For example, CBUSH is of "spring" configuration in the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct user profile and CONN3D2 is of ‘rod" configuration in the Abaqus user profile. It is possible to map a CBUSH to CONN3D2 even though their configurations are different. The element mapping scheme must be under the *ElemTypeConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. You need to provide both configuration and type information to specify the element mapping scheme as shown for the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct to Abaqus direction below: HM configuration, Abaqus type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct type

tria3, S3

tria3, CTRIA3

tria3, S3R

tria3, CTRIAR

quad4, S4

quad4, CQUAD4

quad4, S4R

quad4, CQUADR

quad4, M3D4

quad4, CSHEAR

tetra4, C3D4

tetra4, CTETRA

penta6, C3D6

penta6, CPENTA

hex8, C3D8

hex8, CHEXA

tria6, STRI65

tria6, CTRIA6

quad8, S8R

quad8, CQUAD8

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tetra10, C3D10

tetra10, CTETRA

penta15, C3D15

penta15, CPENTA

hex20, C3D20

hex20, CHEXA

mass, MASS

mass, CONM2

mass, SPRING1

mass, CELAS1

mass, SPRING1

mass, CELAS2

rigid, COUP_KIN

rigid, RBE2

rigidlink, COUP_KIN

rigidlink, RBE2

rbe3, DCOUP3D

rbe3, RBE3

spring, SPRING2

spring, CELAS1

spring, SPRING2

spring, CELAS2

spring, DASHPOT2

spring, CDAMP1

spring, DASHPOT2

spring, CDAMP2

rod, CONN3D2

spring, CBUSH

bar2, B31

bar2, CBEAM

bar2, B31

bar2, CBAR

rod, T3D2

rod, CROD

rod, T3D2

rod, CONROD

gap, GAPUNI

gap, CGAP

rigid, KINCOUP

weld, RBAR

You can take advantage of a simplified conversion of Abaqus connectors (CONN3D2) to rbe2 elements when modifying ConfigurationFile.txt in the following way (change the entry for rod element type configuration: rod,CONN3D2 rigid,rbe2 CONN3D2 elements will now be converted to RBE2 elements. Depending on the connection type set in the CONNECTOR SECTION (e.g. AXIAL or HINGE), degrees of freedom will be set for the RBE2 element. If systems are associated to the connector elemental nodes they will be assigned to the nodes of the RBE2 as

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well. Not all connection types are supported. If a system is ignored by a particular CONNECTOR SECTION, it will not be assigned to the nodes of the RBE2 either. These connector types are currently considered in conversion: AXIAL, JOIN, LINK, SLIDE-PLANE, SLOT, ALIGN, REVOLUTE, BEAM, CYLINDRICAL, HINGE, PLANAR, TRANSLATOR, WELD.

Sectional properties The table below shows supported sectional property mapping between Abaqus and RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct. Some of the properties in one solver can be converted to two different Abaqus sections in the other solver. For an Abaqus to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct conversion, for example, *DASHPOT can be converted to PELAS or PDAMP. The property mapping scheme can be edited under the *PropertyConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. Please not that the property conversion scheme and corresponding element conversion scheme must be consistent. For example, if you define *CONNECTOR SECTION to PBUSH at the property mapping scheme, the corresponding element CONN3D2 must map to CBUSH in the element mapping scheme. For SOLID SECTION the converter will always convert to PSOLID unless the property has a data line indicating a cross-sectional area for a truss element. In this case conversion results in a PROD property. For BEAM (GENERAL) SECTION the algorithm decides automatically which property to convert to depending on the element type chosen in the ElementTypeConversion section of the ConfigurationFile.txt. For example, if you want to convert B31 elements to CBAR, that means that the beam property will get converted to a PBAR or PBARL property. If you choose to convert B31 elements to CBEAM, then the converter creates PBEAM or PBEAML properties accordingly. The same logic applies to B32 elements; the difference is that they are changed to first order beam elements first on conversion. Composite sections SHELL and SHELL GENERAL SECTION can be converted to Radioss(Bulk)/Nastran. Depending on the setting in ConfigurationFile.txt they will be converted to PCOMP or PCOMPG. Besides individual layers, the conversion takes care of system assignments, offsets, symmetric and other parameters simplifying the sections, such as e.g. ‘BENDING ONLY’. If sections are converted to PCOMPG, a global ply ID (GPLYID) is assigned depending on the name used in the Abaqus section. Abaqus to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

HM configuration, Abaqus type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct type

*SOLID SECTION

PROD or PSOLID

*SHELL SECTION

PSHELL

*SHELL SECTION, COMPOSITE

PCOMP or PCOMPG

*SHELL GENERAL SECTION

PSHELL

*SHELL GENERAL SECTION, COMPOSITE PCOMP of PCOMPG *MEMBRANE SECTION

PSHELL

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*BEAM SECTION

PBEAML or PBARL

*BEAM GENERAL SECTION

PBEAM, PBAR, PBEAML or PBARL

*CONNECTOR SECTION

PELAS or PBUSH

MASS

CONM2

*ROTARY INERTIA

CONM2

*SPRING

PELAS2

*DASHPOT

PELAS2 or PDAMP

*GAP

PGAP

Materials The table below shows supported material mapping between Abaqus and RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct. The material mapping scheme can be edited under *PropertyConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. Abaqus to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct HM configuration, Abaqus type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct type

*MATERIAL

MAT1 Note: Density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, thermal expansion coefficient, reference temperature

*CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR

PBUSH or PELAS

Loads HM loads have two basic attributes – configuration (or config) and type. The supported load "configs" are: force, moment, constraint, pressure, temperature, flux, velocity, acceleration and equation. The load "type" defines the solver specific type of a particular configuration. For example, pressure load can be any of the following RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) types: PLOAD, PLOAD2, or PLOAD4. The Load Types panel shows all supported load configurations in HyperMesh and their types for a user profile. For a specific configuration, you can map any supported Abaqus load type to any supported RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct load type. The conversion tool does not support conversion across load configurations. The load mapping scheme can bed edited under the *BCsTypeConversion block in the

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ConfigurationFile.txt file. You need to provide both configuration and type information to specify the mapping scheme as shown below:

HM configuration, Abaqus type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct type

force, CLOAD

force, FORCE

moment, CLOAD

moment, MOMENT

const, BOUNDARY

const, SPC

const, VELOCITY

const, SPCD

const, BOUNDARY

const, SUPORT

pressure, DLOAD

pressure, PLOAD

pressure, DLOAD

pressure, PLOAD2

pressure, DLOAD

pressure, PLOAD4

temp, TEMPERATURE

temp, TEMP

equation, *EQUATION

equation, MPC

Load steps and analysis type The conversion tool maps between Abaqus steps and RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct subcases. It does not convert Abaqus analysis type to the solution type. You must define it manually using the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct Load Step Browser.

See also Abaqus Conversion Tools

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ANSYS Conversion Tools The following conversions are possible when in the ANSYS user profile:

ANSYS to Nastran Conversion ANSYS to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Conversion ANSYS to Abaqus Conversion

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ANSYS to Abaqus Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert an ANSYS file to an Abaqus file. 1.

Load the ANSYS user profile.

2.

Import an ANSYS model.

3.

Run the Conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > ANSYS > To Abaqus. The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

Click convert and conversion starts. After conversion, the Abaqus user profile is automatically loaded.

5.

Review and export the deck in an Abaqus deck.

Some of the keywords in the ANSY deck are converted to the Abaqus deck as per the following tables.

Materials: Modulus of Elasticity, Poisson's ratio and density are mapped.

Elements: ANSYS type

Abaqus type

HM Configuration

MASS21

MASS

Mass

COMBI14

SPRING2

Spring

BEAM4

B31

Bar2

LINK8

T3D2

Rod

SHELL43, SHELL63, SHELL181

S3

Tria3

SHELL43, SHELL63, SHELL181

S4

Quad4

SHELL93

STRI65

Tria6

SHELL93

S8R

Quad8

SOLID45, SOLID62, SOLID64, SOLID69, SOLID70, SOLID96, SOLID97, SOLID164, SOLID185

C3D4

Tetra4

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SOLID62, SOLID70, SOLID96, SOLID97, SOLID164

C3D8

Pyramid5

SOLID5, SOLID45, SOLID62, SOLID64, SOLID69, SOLID70, SOLID96, SOLID97, SOLID164, SOLID185

C3D6

Penta6

SOLID5, SOLID45, SOLID62, SOLID64, SOLID69, SOLID70, SOLID96, SOLID97, SOLID164, SOLID185

C3D81

Hex8

SOLID87, SOLID90, SOLID92, SOLID95, SOLID98, SOLID117, SOLID148, SOLID168, SOLID186, SOLID187, SOLID191

C3D10

Tetra10

SOLID90, SOLID95, SOLID117, SOLID186

C3D20

Pyramid13

SOLID90, SOLID95, SOLID117, SOLID147, SOLID186, SOLID191

C3D15

Penta15

SOLID90, SOLID95, SOLID117, SOLID147, SOLID186, SOLID191

C3D20

Hex20

ANSYS type

Abaqus type

Convert Parameters

MASS21p

MASS

none

COMBI14p

SPRING

none

BEAM4p, LINK8p

BEAMSECTION

none

SHELL43p, SHELL63p, SHELL93p

SHELLSECTION

Shell Thickness

Properties

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SOLID45p, SOLID70p, SOLID95p, SOLID117p, SOLID191p

SOLIDSECTION

none

Notes: If ANSYS solid elements do not have a property, then one SOLIDSECTION property will be created by using this conversion tool. Loads and Boundary conditions: Loads and boundary conditions will not be converted on using this conversion tool.

See also Ansys Conversion Tools

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ANSYS to Nastran Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert an ANSYS file to a Nastran file. 1.

Load the ANSYS user profile.

2.

Import an ANSYS model.

3.

Run the Conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > ANSYS > To Nastran. The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

Click convert and conversion starts. After conversion, the Nastran user profile is automatically loaded.

5.

Review and export the deck in Nastran deck.

Conversion Notes: All ANSYS solid and shell elements that are currently supported are included in the conversion tool. Material properties – Thermal Conductivity, specific heat, thermal expansion co-efficient can be now converted. Temperature dependant isometric material properties can now be converted using the conversion tool. Orthotropic properties of E, NU and K can be converted. COMBIN14 elements are now converted to CELAS1 if key option2 for COMBIN14 in ANSYS is defined. ANSYS BEAM188 converts to CBEAM now [please note section properties defined using SECDATA card in ANSYS are not yet converted]. Forces, Moments, Pressures, Temperatures and Constraints are automatically converted. MODOPT (control cards) will be mapped to EIRGL. ACEL (Control Cards) will be converted to GRAV. Assumptions: The macro will convert only entities imported by the ANSYS FE input reader. For shell elements, constant thickness parts are assumed. Analysis types assumed: Static – gravity, forces, pressures and constraints, Modal.

Conversion Mapping: ANSYS Type

Nastran Type

Shell43, Shell93

CTRIA3, CQUAD4

Beam4

CBEAM

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Mass21

CONM2

Combin14

CBUSH (damping will be ignored)

Pipe16

CBEAM

Shell181

CTRIA3, CQUAD4

Shell63

CTRIA3, CQUAD4

Link8

CROD

Solid 92

CTETRA

Solid45

CTETRA, CPENTA, CHEXA

Beam44

CBEAM

Rbe3

RBE3

CE -> CERIG

MPC

CP

MPC

Solid95

CPENTA, CHEXA

MODOPT

EIGRL

ACEL

GRAV

BEAM188

CBEAM

Note: If components or properties do not have a material associated to them, on conversion MID = 1 will be associated On conversion, model will be cleaned by removing unused sets, ET types and contact elements

See also Ansys Conversion Tools

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ANSYS to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert an ANSYS file to a RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) file. 1.

Load the ANSYS user profile.

2.

Import an ANSYS model.

3.

Run the Conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > ANSYS > To Radioss (Bulk data format). The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area. Click convert and conversion starts. After conversion, the OptiStruct user profile is automatically loaded.

4.

Review and export the deck in OptiStruct deck.

Conversion Notes: All ANSYS solid and shell elements that are currently supported are included in the conversion tool. Material properties – Thermal Conductivity, specific heat, thermal expansion co-efficient can be now converted. Temperature dependant isometric material properties can now be converted using the conversion tool. Orthotropic properties of E, NU and K can be converted. COMBIN14 elements are now converted to CELAS1 if key option2 for COMBIN14 in ANSYS is defined. ANSYS BEAM188 converts to CBEAM now [please note section properties defined using SECDATA card in ANSYS are not yet converted]. Forces, Moments, Pressures, Temperatures and Constraints are automatically converted. MODOPT (control cards) will be mapped to EIRGL. ACEL (Control Cards) will be converted to GRAV.

Assumptions: The macro will convert only entities imported by the ANSYS FE input reader. For shell elements, constant thickness parts are assumed. Analysis types assumed: Static – gravity, forces, pressures and constraints, Modal.

Conversion Mapping: ANSYS Type

OptiStruct Type

Shell43, Shell98

CTRIA3, CQUAD4

Beam4

CBEAM

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Mass21

CONM2

Combin14

CBUSH (damping will be ignored)

Pipe16

CBEAM

Shell181

CTRIA3, CQUAD4

Shell63

CTRIA3, CQUAD4

Link8

CROD

Solid92

CTETRA

Solid45

CTETRA, CPENTA, CHEXA

Beam44

CBEAM

Rbe3

RBE3

CE -> CERIG

MPC

CP

MPC

Solid95

CPENTA, CHEXA

MODOPT

EIGRL

ACEL

GRAV

See also Ansys Conversion Tools

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LS-DYNA Conversion Tools The following conversions are possible when in the LS-DYNA user profile:

LS-DYNA to Nastran Conversion LS-DYNA to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion LS-DYNA to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Conversion

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LS-DYNA to Nastran Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert an LS-DYNA file to a Nastran file. 1.

Load the LS-DYNA user profile.

2.

Import a LS-DYNA model.

3.

Run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > LS-DYNA > To NASTRAN. The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

In the Destination NASTRAN Template field, select the destination solver version.

5.

Click Convert to start the conversion. After conversion, the Nastran user profile is automatically loaded.

6.

Review and export the deck using the Nastran user profile.

Some of the keywords in the LS-DYNA deck are converted to the Nastran deck as per the following table:

Element Mapping LSDYNA type

NASTRAN type

*ELEMENT_MASS

CONM2

*ELEMENT_BEAM

CBAR

*ELEMENT_SHELL

CTRIA3,CQUAD4, CQUAD8, CTRIA6

*ELEMENT_SOLID

CTETRA4/CHEXA8/CPENTA6

*CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD

RBAR

*ELEMENT_PLOTEL

PLOTEL

*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION

RBE3

*CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET

RBE2

*ELEMENT_DISCRETE

CELAS1

Property Mapping LSDYNA type

NASTRAN type

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*SECTION_SOLID

PSOLID

*SECTION_SHELL

PSHELL

Material Mapping All the LSDYNA materials are mapped MAT1 in NASTRAN

Boundary conditions Mapping LSDYNA type

Nastran type

*BOUNDARY_SPC

SPC

*LOAD_NODE_POINT

FORCE, MOMENT

*LOAD_SEGMENT

PLOAD4

*INITIAL_TEMP

TEMP

Coordinate system Mapping LSDYNA type

Nastran type

*DEFINE_COORDINATE_NODE *DEFINE_COORDINATE_SYSTEM

CORD1R CORD2R

See also LS-DYNA Conversion Tools

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LS-DYNA to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert an LS-DYNA file to a RADIOSS (Block Format) file. 1.

Load the LS-DYNA user profile.

2.

Import an LS-DYNA model.

3.

Run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > LsDyna > To RADIOSS (Block format). The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

Click Convert. After conversion, the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile is automatically loaded.

5.

Review and export the deck in the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile.

Some of the keywords in the LS-DYNA deck are converted to the RADIOSS deck as per the following tables:

Element Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*ELEMENT_SHELL

SHELL, SH3N

*ELEMENT_SOLID

BRICK, TETRA44

*ELEMENT_MASS

ADMAS

*ELEMENT_BEAM

BEAM

*ELEMENT_DISCRETE

SPRING2N

*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER

ACCEL

Load Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*BOUNDARY_SPC_NODE/SET

BCS

*LOAD_NODE_POINT/SET

CLOAD

*INITIAL_VELOCITY_NODE/GENERATION/ RIGID BODY

INIVEL

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System Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*DEFINE_COORDINATE_NODES

SKEW/MOVE/

*DEFINE_COORDINATE_SYSTEM

SKEW/FIXED

Material Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*MAT_ELASTIC

M1_ELASTIC

*MAT_PLASTIC_KINEMATIC

M36_PLASTIC_TAB

*MAT_NULL

M0_VOID

*MAT_RIGID

M1_ELASTIC (nodes of material defined as /RBODY)

*MAT_PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY

M36_PLAS_TAB

*MAT_SIMPLIFIED_JOHNSON_COOK

M2_PLAS_JOHNS_ZERIL

Properties Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*SECTION_BEAM

P3_BEAM

*SECTION_DISCRETE

P4_SPRING

*SECTION_SHELL

P1_SHELL

*SECTION_SOLID

P14_SOLID

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Curve Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*DEFINE_CURVE

FUNCT

Control Cards Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*CONTROL_ADAPTIVE

ADMESH_GLOBAL, ADMESH_SET

Component Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*DAMPING_PARTS_OPTIONS

PART

*PART_OPTIONS

PART

*INCLUDE_STAMPED_PART

PART

Contact Interface Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_GENERAL

INTER/TYPE7

*CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_GENERAL_INTERIOR INTER/TYPE7 *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_NODES_TO_SURFA CE

INTER/TYPE7

*CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_ONE_WAY_SURFAC E_TO_SURFACE INTER/TYPE7 *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE

INTER/TYPE7

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*CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURF ACE INTER/TYPE7

Rigid Wall Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_FLAT_OPTIONS

RWALL

*RIGIDWALL_PLANAR_OPTIONS

RWALL

Time History Definition Mapping HM configuration, LS-DYNA type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

*DATABASE_HISTORY_BEAM

TH/BEAM

*DATABASE_HISTORY_NODE

TH/NODE

*DATABASE_HISTORY_SHELL

TH/SHEL

*DATABASE_HISTORY_SOLID

TH/BRIC

*DATABASE_HISTORY_TSHELL

TH/THSH

The attributes converted in each KEYWORD is explained in the Conversion dialog (see below). Each keyword is associated with a color to distinguish it better. GREEN – All the attributes of the KEYWORD are converted to equivalent in RADIOSS ORANGE – Only some the attributes of the KEYWORD are converted to equivalent in RADIOSS RED – None the attributes of the KEYWORD are converted to equivalent in RADIOSS. Basically conversion of this keyword is not supported by the conversion tool

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See also LS-DYNA Conversion Tools

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LS-DYNA to RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert an LS-DYNA file to a Nastran file. 1.

Load the LS-DYNA user profile.

2.

Import a LS-DYNA model.

3.

Run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > LS-DYNA > To RADIOSS BULK. The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

In the Destination RADIOSS BULK Template field, select the destination solver version.

5.

Click Convert to start the conversion. After conversion, the Nastran user profile is automatically loaded.

6.

Review and export the deck using the Nastran user profile.

Some of the keywords in the LS-DYNA deck are converted to the Nastran deck as per the following table:

Element Mapping LSDYNA type

RADIOSS BULK type

*ELEMENT_MASS

CONM2

*ELEMENT_BEAM

CBAR

*ELEMENT_SHELL

CTRIA3,CQUAD4, CQUAD8, CTRIA6

*ELEMENT_SOLID

CTETRA4/CHEXA8/CPENTA6

*CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD

RBAR

*ELEMENT_PLOTEL

PLOTEL

*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION

RBE3

*CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET

RBE2

*ELEMENT_DISCRETE

CELAS1

Property Mapping LSDYNA type

RADIOSS BULK type

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*SECTION_SOLID

PSOLID

*SECTION_SHELL

PSHELL

Material Mapping All the LSDYNA materials are mapped MAT1 in NASTRAN

Boundary conditions Mapping LSDYNA type

RADIOSS BULK type

*BOUNDARY_SPC

SPC

*LOAD_NODE_POINT

FORCE, MOMENT

*LOAD_SEGMENT

PLOAD4

*INITIAL_TEMP

TEMP

Coordinate system Mapping LSDYNA type

RADIOSS BULK type

*DEFINE_COORDINATE_NODE *DEFINE_COORDINATE_ SYSTEM

CORD1R

CORD2R

See also LS-DYNA Conversion Tools

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Nastran Conversion Tools The following conversions are possible when in the NASTRAN user profile:

Nastran to LS-DYNA Conversion Nastran to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion Nastran to Abaqus Mapping Nastran to ANSYS Conversion

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Nastran to Abaqus Conversion The Nastran To Abaqus tool uses an open conversion scheme; you can specify different mappings in the configuration file. Care has to be taken so that the element and property mappings are consistent. We provided a valid mapping scheme in the ConfigurationFile.txt. This document explains the scope and limitations of the mapping scheme.

Elements HM elements have two basic attributes – configuration (or config) and type. The "config" defines the basic geometrical shape of an element. For example, tria3 configuration is a 3 node triangular element and hexa8 is an 8-node hexahedral element. The "type" defines the solver specific element type of a particular configuration. For example, the 4-node quadrilateral (quad4) element in Abaqus can be any of the following types: S4, S4R, M3D4, R3D4 etc. The Elem Types panel shows all supported element config and their types for a user profile. For a specific configuration, you can map any supported Nastran element type to any supported Abaqus element type. Several 2-noded element configurations such as spring, rigid, bar2, rid, etc., are supported. Because all of them are 2-noded elements, conversion across these configurations is also allowed for some element types. For example, CBUSH is of "spring" config in the Nastran user profile and CONN3D2 is of ‘rod" config in the Abaqus user profile. It is possible to map a CBUSH to CONN3D2 even though their configs are different. The element mapping scheme must be under the *ElemTypeConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. You need to provide both config and type information to specify the element mapping scheme as shown below:

HM configuration, Nastran type

HM configuration, Abaqus type

tria3, CTRIA3

tria3, S3

tria3, CTRIAR

tria3, S3R

quad4, CQUAD4

quad4, S4

quad4, CQUADR

quad4, S4R

quad4, CSHEAR

quad4, M3D4

tetra4, CTETRA

tetra4, C3D4

penta6, CPENTA

penta6, C3D6

hex8, CHEXA

hex8, C3D8

tria6, CTRIA6

tria6, STRI65

quad8, CQUAD8

quad8, S8R

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tetra10, CTETRA

tetra10, C3D10

penta15, CPENTA

penta15, C3D15

hex20, CHEXA

hex20, C3D20

mass, CONM2

mass, MASS

mass, CELAS1

mass, SPRING1

mass, CELAS2

mass, SPRING1

rigid, RBE2

rigid, COUP_KIN

rigidlink, RBE2

rigidlink, COUP_KIN

rbe3, RBE3

rbe3, DCOUP3D

spring, CELAS1

spring, SPRING2

spring, CELAS2

spring, SPRING2

spring, CDAMP1

spring, DASHPOT2

spring, CDAMP2

spring, DASHPOT2

spring, CBUSH

rod, CONN3D2

bar2, CBEAM

bar2, B31

bar2, CBAR

bar2, B31

rod, CROD

rod, T3D2

rod, CONROD

rod, T3D2

gap, CGAP

gap, GAPUNI

weld, RBAR

rigid, KINCOUP

Notes: The CELAS1 or CELAS2 elements in Nastran have both spring stiffness and damping attributes. If both spring and damping values are present and the mapping scheme is CELAS1 to SPRING1, the conversion tool will automatically create an extra DASHPOT element.

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Similarly, the CONM2 elements in Nastran have both translational and rotational mass values. If both translational and rotational values are present and the mapping scheme is CONM2 to MASS, the conversion tool will automatically create an extra ROTARY1 element.

Sectional properties The table below shows supported sectional property mapping between Nastran and Abaqus. Some of the properties in one solver can be converted to two different Abaqus sections in the other solver. For a Nastran to Abaqus conversion, for example, PSHELL can be converted to *SHELL SECTION or *SHELL GENERAL SECTION. In the mapping scheme, you must select one of them. The property mapping scheme must be under the *PropertyConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. Abaqus beam section axes are defined at element level in Nastran. They are in the sectional property level in Abaqus unless the beam axis is defined by a third node in element connectivity. This means that several elements with different beam axis direction can point to the same PBEAM, PBEAML, PBAR or PBARL property in Nastran. But in Abaqus, all elements under a *BEAM SECTION or *BEAM GENERAL SECTION property have one beam axis orientation. If a third node is used to define the beam axis, even Abaqus beams with a different axis can belong to a single *BEAM SECTION property. The conversion tool allows you to select an extra (1 or 0) argument to define the beam axis conversion mechanism. If the argument is 0 (or not defined), the conversion tool will take the beam axis direction of the first element corresponding to a PBEAM, PBEAML, PBAR or PBARL property and map that to the corresponding *BEAM SECTION or *BEAM GENERAL SECTION card. The beam axis vectors of other elements with the same property will be ignored. If the argument is 1, the conversion tool will create a third node for each element to define the equivalent beam axis vector. As a result, the axis direction for each element will be maintained after the conversion. Because this option updates each element, the conversion process might take a considerable amount of time for models with a large number of beams. The system for CELAS1 or CELAS2 elements is sitting on the grid nodes. Thus, every element can have a different system. Ideally, on conversion one *SPRING (and *DASHPOT) or *CONNECTOR SECTION per element needs to be created. For large models this can be time-consuming. Therefore for CELAS1 two options can be set in the ConfigurationFile.txt (1 or 0). If the option is 1, one property per element will be created (default). If the flag is set to 0, one property per PELAS card will be created. In this case, the settings of the first element found on this property will be translated. From CELAS2 elements you always create a *SPRING and *DASHPOT or *CONNECTOR SECTION property per element.

Nastran

Abaqus

PSOLID

*SOLID SECTION

PSHELL

*SHELL SECTION or *SHELL GENERAL SECTION

PBEAM

*BEAM GENERAL SECTION

1 or 0

PBEAML

*BEAM SECTION

1 or 0

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PBAR

*BEAM GENERAL SECTION

1 or 0

PBARL

*BEAM SECTION

1 or 0

PROD

*SOLID SECTION

PBUSH

*CONNECTOR SECTION

PELAS

(*SPRING + *DASHPOT) or *CONNECTOR SECTION

PDAMP

*DASHPOT or *CONNECTOR SECTION

CELAS2

(*SPRING + *DASHPOT) or *CONNECTOR SECTION

CDAMP2

*DASHPOT or *CONNECTOR SECTION

CONM2

(*MASS +*ROTARY INERTIA)

1 or 0

Notes: CELAS2, CDAMP2 and CONM2 are elements in Nastran, but they are sectional properties in Abaqus. Therefore, the mapping for them must also be defined under *PropertyConversion. The PELAS or CELAS2 in Nastran have both spring stiffness and damping attributes. If both spring and damping values are present and they are mapped to *SPRING, the conversion tool will automatically create an extra *DASHPOT property. The elements will both be kept in the same component and the property will be directly assigned to the *SPRING or *DASHPOT element. Similarly, the CONM2 in Nastran has both translational and rotational mass values. If both translational and rotational values are present and it is mapped to *MASS, the conversion tool will automatically create an extra *ROTARY INERTIA component. The property conversion scheme and corresponding element conversion scheme must be consistent. For example, if you define PBUSH to *CONNECTOR SECTION at the property mapping scheme, the corresponding element CBUSH must map to CONN3D2 in the element mapping scheme.

Materials The table below shows supported material mapping between Nastran and Abaqus. The material mapping scheme must be defined under *PropertyConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. Nastran

Abaqus

MAT1

*MATERIAL

*ELASTIC, TYPE=ISO; *EXPANSION, TYPE=ISO; and *DENSITY (G is used only for *BEAM GENERAL SECTION)

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MAT2

*MATERIAL

When used alone in a PSHELL, MAT2 is translated to *ELASTIC, TYPE=LAMINA or *ELASTIC, TYPE=ANISOTROPIC

MAT8

*MATERIAL

ELASTIC, TYPE=LAMINA; *EXPANSION, TYPE=ORTHO; and *DENSITY

MAT9

*MATERIAL

*ELASTIC, TYPE=ANISOTROPIC unless the data are found to be orthotropic, in which case the data are analyzed to create *ELASTIC, TYPE=ENGINEERING CONSTANTS. Also *DENSITY; and *EXPANSION, TYPE=ANISO or ORTHO.

Note:

If a PBEAM or PBAR is mapped to a *BEAM GENERAL SECTION, the material properties defined in the corresponding Nastran material are mapped to the *BEAM GENERAL SECTION card. No *Material is created in this case.

Loads HM loads have two basic attributes – configuration (or config) and type. The supported load "configs" are: force, moment, constraint, pressure, temperature, flux, velocity, acceleration and equation. The load "type" defines the solver specific type of a particular configuration. For example, pressure load can be any of the following Abaqus types: DLOAD, FILM, DFLUX etc. The Load Types panel shows all supported load configurations and their types for a user profile. For a specific configuration, you can map any supported Nastran load type to any supported Abaqus load type. The conversion tool does not support conversion across load configurations. The load mapping scheme is valid for either direction and must be under the *BCsTypeConversion block in the ConfigurationFile. txt file. You need to provide both configuration and type information to specify the mapping scheme as shown below: HM configuration, Nastran type

HM configuration, Abaqus type

force, FORCE

force, CLOAD

moment, MOMENT

moment, CLOAD

const, SPC

const, BOUNDARY

const, SPCD

const, VELOCITY

const, SUPORT

const, BOUNDARY

pressure, PLOAD

pressure, DLOAD

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pressure, PLOAD2

pressure, DLOAD

pressure, PLOAD4

pressure, DLOAD

temp, TEMP

temp, TEMPERATURE

equation, MPC

equation, *EQUATION

In addition to the above load types, the conversion tool also converts Nastran Dload (with corresponding Rload1, Rload2, DAREA, TABLED1, TABLED2, TABLED3) to Abaqus *BOUNDARY or *CLOAD (with corresponding *AMPLITUDE curve). No mapping scheme needs to be specified for this conversion; the conversion is done automatically if present in the model.

Load steps and analysis type The conversion tool maps between Nastran subcases and Abaqus steps. It does not convert the solution types to/from any Abaqus analysis type. You must define them manually using the Abaqus Step Manager or the Load Step Browser.

Systems and mass The conversion tool converts Nastran system types into the corresponding Abaqus system (*SYSTEM, *TRANSFORM or *ORIENTATION). It also converts the NSM into *NONSTRUCTURAL MASS and assigns them to the relevant properties. The mapping can be summarized as: Nastran

Abaqus

NSM

*NONSTRUCTURAL MASS

NSM1 NSML NSML1 NSMADD GRID

*NODE and *SYSTEM

CORD1R

*SYSTEM for nodes

CORD1C

*TRANSFORM if referred to on GRID

CORD1S

*ORIENTATION for elements

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CORD2R CORD2C CORD2S

WTMASS If the WTMASS parameter is defined in the Nastran model, it is used to modify density, mass, and inertia values during conversion.

See also Nastran Conversion Tools

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Nastran to ANSYS Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert a Nastran file to an ANSYS file. 1.

Load the Nastran user profile.

2.

Import a Nastran model.

3.

Run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > NASTRAN > To ANSYS. The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

Click Convert to start the conversion. After conversion, the ANSYS user profile is automatically loaded.

5.

Review and export the deck using the ANSYS user profile.

Some of the keywords in the Nastran deck are converted to the ANSYS deck as per the following tables.

Materials Nastran type

ANSYS type

Convert Parameters

MAT1

MATERIAL

Modulus of Elasticity, poisson's ratio and density

MAT2

MATERIAL

density

MAT4

MATERIAL

density

Nastran type

ANSYS type

HM Configuration

CONM2

MASS21

Mass

CELAS1

COMBI14

Spring

CBAR, CBEAM

BEAM44

Bar2

CROD

LINK8

Rod

CTRIA3, CTRIAR

SHELL63

Tria3

CQUAD4, CQUADR, CSHEAR

SHELL63

Quad4

Elements

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CTRIA6

SHELL93

Tria6

CQUAD8

SHELL93

Quad8

CTETRA

SOLID45

Tetra4

CTETRA

SOLID95

Tetra10

CHEXA

SOLID45

Hex8

CHEXA

SOLID95

Hex20

CPENTA

SOLID45

Penta6

CPENTA

SOLID95

Penta15

Nastran type

ANSYS type

Convert Parameters

PBAR, PBARL, PBEAM, PBEAML

BEAM44p

none

PROD

LINK8p

none

Properties

PSHELL, PSHEAR (tria3, SHELL63p quad4)

Shell Thickness

PSHELL, PSHEAR (tria6, SHELL93p quad8)

Shell Thickness

PSOLID (tetra4, penta6, hex8)

SOLID45p

none

PSOLID (tetra10, penta15, hex20)

SOLID95p

none

ETType of Ansys: If the model contains Nastran elements which were mapped to MASS21, LINK8, COMBI14, BEAM44, SHELL63, SHELL93, SOLID45 and SOLID95 elements, respective ETTYPES will be created and assigned to the component. Key options of ETTYPE will not be updated. Components:

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If the component collector contains different type of configuration of elements, new components will be created for the respective configurations and those elements will be moved into the new component. ETTYPE, material and realset IDs will be assigned to the new component. Loads and Boundary Conditions: Loads and boundary conditions will not be converted by using this conversion tool.

See also Nastran Conversion Tools

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Nastran to LS-DYNA Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert a Nastran file to a LS-DYNA file. 1.

Load the Nastran user profile.

2.

Import a Nastran model.

3.

Run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > NASTRAN >To LS-DYNA. The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

Click Convert to start the conversion. After conversion, the selected version of the LS-DYNA user profile is automatically loaded.

5.

Review and export the deck using the LS-DYNA user profile.

Some of the keywords in the Nastran deck are converted to the LS-DYNA deck as per the following table:

Element Mapping Nastran type

LS-DYNA type

CONM2

*ELEMENT_MASS Meshless weld

CWELD

(feabsorb, fe realize using HEXA)

CELAS1/CELAS2/CBUSH

*ELEMENT_DISCRETE

CDAMP1/CDAMP2/CBUSH1D

(card edit for ground option check box)

(0 length) PLOTEL

*ELEMENT_PLOTEL

RBAR/RBE2/RJOINT

*CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY

RBE3

*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION

CBAR/CBEAM/CROD/CTUBE

*ELEMENT_BEAM

CONROD

*ELEMENT_BEAM and *SECTION_BEAM

CTRIA3/CTRIAR

*ELEMENT_SHELL

CQUAD4, CQUADR, CSHEAR CQUAD8, CTRIA6 (Change to 1st order then convert)

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CTETRA4/CHEXA8/CPENTA6

*ELEMENT_SOLID

CTETRA10/CHEXA20/CPENTA15 (Change to 1st order then convert)

Property Mapping Nastran type

LS-DYNA type

PBAR/PBEAM/PROD

*SECTION_BEAM

(Only single section PBEAM is supported) PBARL/PBEAML

*SECTION_BEAM

(ROD, TUBE, BAR) PDAMP/PELAS

*SECTION_DESCRETE

PSHELL/PSHEAR

*SECTION_SHELL

PSOLID

*SECTION_SOLID

PCOMP PCOMPG

*PART_COMPOSITE +*ELEMENT_SHELL with angle option; all materials referred in PCOMP, PCOMPG converted to *MAT_ORTHOTROPIC_THERMAL

Material Mapping Nastran type

LS-DYNA type

MAT1

*MAT_ELASTIC

MAT2

*MAT_PIECEWISE_LINEAR _PLASTICITY

MAT4

*MAT_PIECEWISE_LINEAR _PLASTICITY

MAT8

*MAT_ORTHOTROPIC_ELASTIC

MAT9

*MAT_ANISOTROPIC_ELASTIC

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Coordinate system mapping Nastran type

LS-DYNA type

CORD1R

*DEFINE_COORDINATE_NODE

CORD2R

*DEFINE_COORDINATE_SYSTEM

Load mapping Nastran type

LSDYNA type

SPC

*BOUNDARY_SPC

FORCE

*LOAD_NODE_POINT

MOMENT

*LOAD_NODE_POINT

PLOAD4

*LOAD_SEGMENT

TEMP

*INITIAL_TEMP

See also Nastran Conversion Tools

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Nastran to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert a Nastran file to a RADIOSS (Block Format) file. 1.

Load the Nastran user profile.

2.

Import a Nastran model.

3.

Run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > NASTRAN > To RADIOSS (Block). The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

Click Convert to start the conversion. After conversion, the selected version of the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile is automatically loaded.

5.

Review and export the deck using the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile.

Some of the keywords in the Nastran deck are converted to the RADIOSS (Block Format) deck as per the following table:

Element Mapping Nastran type

RADIOSS (Block Format) type

CONM2

/ADMAS Mesh less weld

CWELD

(feabsord, fe realize using HEXA)

CELAS1/CELAS2

/SPRING

CDAMP1/CDAMP2 (0 length) PLOTEL

Plot element

RBAR

/RIVET

RBE2/RBE3

/RBODY

RJOINT

/RLINK

CBUSH (When using vector)

/ SPRING3N

CBUSH1D

/SPRING2N

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CBAR/CBEAM/CBEND

BEAM

CROD

TRUSS

CONROD

TRUSS and /PROP/TRUSS

CTRIA3/CTRIAR CTRIA6

/SH3N

(Change to 1st order before convert) CQUAD4, CQUADR, CSHEAR CQUAD8

/SHELL

(Change to 1st order then convert) CTETRA4 CTETRA10

/TETRA4

(Change to 1st order then convert) CHEXA8/ CPENTA6 CHEXA20/ CPENTA15

/BRICK

(Change to 1st order then convert)

Property Mapping Nastran type

RADIOSS (Block Format) type

PBAR/PBEAM (Only single section PBEAM is supported)

/PROP/BEAM

PBUSH

/PROP/SPR_GENE

PBUSH1D/PDAMP/PELAS

/PROP/SPRING

PROD

/PROP/TRUSS

PSHELL/PSHEAR

/PROP/SHELL

PSOLID

/PROP/SOLID

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Material Mapping Nastran type

RADIOSS (Block Format) type

MAT1

/MAT/ELASTIC

MAT8

/MAT/LAW19

See also Nastran Conversion Tools

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PAM-CRASH 2G to RADIOSS (Block Format) Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert a PAM-CRASH 2G file to a RADIOSS (Block Format) file. 1.

Load the PAM-CRASH 2G user profile.

2.

Import a PAM-CRASH 2G model.

3.

Run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > Pam Crash > To RADIOSS (Block Format). The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

In the Destination RADIOSS Template field, select the destination solver version.

5.

Click Convert to start the conversion. After conversion, the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile is automatically loaded.

6.

Review and export the deck using the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile.

Upon conversion, some of the keywords in the PAM-CRASH 2G deck are converted to the RADIOSS (Block Format) deck as per the following table:

Elements HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

BAR

TRUSS

BEAM

BEAM

SPRING

SPRING

SPRBM

SPRING+PROP/SPR_BEAM (TYPE 13)

MEMBR

SH3N, SHELL

SHELL

SH3N, SHELL

SOLID

BRICK

TETRA44

TETRA44

MASS

ADMAS

PLINK

SPRING+INTER/TYPE2

KJOIN

SPRING+PROP/KJOINT(TYPE33)

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Boundary Conditions HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

INIVEL

INIVEL

BOUNC

BCS

CONLO

CLOAD

System Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

FRAME

FRAME

Material Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

MAT_1D TYPE 201

M1_ELASTIC

MAT_1D TYPE 220

/PROP/SPRING

MAT_1D TYPE 223

/PROP/SPR_BEAM

MAT_2D TYPE 100

M0_VOID

MAT_2D TYPE 101

M1_ELASTIC

MAT_2D TYPE 102

M36_PLAS_TAB

MAT_2D TYPE 103

M36_PLAS_TAB, M44_, COWPER M2_PLAS_JOHNS

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Curve Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

FUNCT

FUNCT

Control Cards Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

TITLE

TITLE

OCTRL/ DSYOUPUT

/ANIM/DT

THPOUTPUT

/TFILE

Component Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

PART

PART

Contact Interface Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

CNTAC36

INTER/TYPE7

Rigid Wall Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

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RWALL

RWALL

Time History Definition Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

THELE

TH/SHEL, SH3N, SPRING, BRIC

THNODE

TH/NODE

THLOC

TH/FRAME/ACCELEROMETER

Section Definition Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

SECFO

SECT

Group Definition Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

GROUP

GRNOD

Airbag Definition Mapping HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

BAGIN

MONVOL

The attributes converted in each KEYWORD is explained in the Conversion dialog (see below). Each keyword is associated with a color to distinguish it better. GREEN – All the attributes of the KEYWORD are converted to equivalent in RADIOSS

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ORANGE – Only some the attributes of the KEYWORD are converted to equivalent in RADIOSS RED – None the attributes of the KEYWORD are converted to equivalent in RADIOSS. Basically conversion of this keyword is not supported by the conversion tool

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RADIOSS Conversion Tools The following conversions are possible when in the RADIOSS user profile:

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct to Abaqus Conversion RADIOSS (Block Format) to PAM-CRASH 2G Conversion RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) to ANSYS Conversion

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RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct to Abaqus Conversion The RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) to Abaqus conversion tool uses an open conversion scheme; you can specify different mappings in the configuration file. Care has to be taken so that the element and property mappings are consistent. We provided a valid mapping scheme in the ConfigurationFile.txt. This document explains the scope and limitations of the mapping scheme.

Elements HM elements have two basic attributes – configuration (or config) and type. The "config" defines the basic geometrical shape of an element. For example, tria3 configuration is a 3 node triangular element and hexa8 is an 8-node hexahedral element. The "type" defines the solver specific element type of a particular configuration. For example, the 4-node quadrilateral (quad4) element in Abaqus can be any of the following types: S4, S4R, M3D4, R3D4 etc. The Element Types panel shows all supported element configurations and their types for a user profile. For a specific configuration, you can map any supported Nastran element type to any supported Abaqus element type. For example, for a RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) to Abaqus direction, several 2-noded element configurations such as spring, rigid, bar2, rid, etc are supported. Because all of them are 2-noded elements, conversion across these configurations is also allowed for some element types. For example, CBUSH is of "spring" configuration in the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) user profile and CONN3D2 is of ‘rod" configuration in the Abaqus user profile. It is possible to map a CBUSH to CONN3D2 even though their configurations are different. The element mapping scheme must be under the *ElemTypeConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. You need to provide both configuration and type information to specify the element mapping scheme as shown for the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) conversion:

HM configuration, RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) type

HM configuration, Abaqus type

tria3, CTRIA3

tria3, S3

tria3, CTRIAR

tria3, S3R

quad4, CQUAD4

quad4, S4

quad4, CQUADR

quad4, S4R

quad4, CSHEAR

quad4, M3D4

tetra4, CTETRA

tetra4, C3D4

penta6, CPENTA

penta6, C3D6

hex8, CHEXA

hex8, C3D8

tria6, CTRIA6

tria6, STRI65

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quad8, CQUAD8

quad8, S8R

tetra10, CTETRA

tetra10, C3D10

penta15, CPENTA

penta15, C3D15

hex20, CHEXA

hex20, C3D20

mass, CONM2

mass, MASS

mass, CELAS1

mass, SPRING1

mass, CELAS2

mass, SPRING1

rigid, RBE2

rigid, COUP_KIN

rigidlink, RBE2

rigidlink, COUP_KIN

rbe3, RBE3

rbe3, DCOUP3D

spring, CELAS1

spring, SPRING2

spring, CELAS2

spring, SPRING2

spring, CDAMP1

spring, DASHPOT2

spring, CDAMP2

spring, DASHPOT2

spring, CBUSH

rod, CONN3D2

bar2, CBEAM

bar2, B31

bar2, CBAR

bar2, B31

rod, CROD

rod, T3D2

rod, CONROD

rod, T3D2

gap, CGAP

gap, GAPUNI

weld, RBAR

rigid, KINCOUP

Notes: The CELAS1 or CELAS2 elements in RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) have both spring stiffness and damping attributes. If both spring and damping values are present and the mapping scheme is

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CELAS1 to SPRING1, the conversion tool will automatically create an extra DASHPOT element. Similarly, the CONM2 elements in RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct have both translational and rotational mass values. If both translational and rotational values are present and the mapping scheme is CONM2 to MASS, the conversion tool will automatically create an extra ROTARY1 element.

Sectional properties The table below shows supported sectional property mapping between RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) and Abaqus. Some of the properties in one solver can be converted to two different Abaqus sections in the other solver. For a RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct to Abaqus conversion, for example, PSHELL can be converted to *SHELL SECTION or *SHELL GENERAL SECTION. In the mapping scheme, you must select one of them. The property mapping scheme must be under the *PropertyConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. Abaqus beam section axes are defined at element level in RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format).They are in the sectional property level in Abaqus unless the beam axis is defined by a third node in element connectivity. This means that several elements with different beam axis direction can point to the same PBEAM, PBEAML, PBAR or PBARL property in RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct. But in Abaqus, all elements under a *BEAM SECTION or *BEAM GENERAL SECTION property have one beam axis orientation. If a third node is used to define the beam axis, even Abaqus beams with a different axis can belong to a single *BEAM SECTION property. The conversion tool allows you to select an extra (1 or 0) argument to define the beam axis conversion mechanism. If the argument is 0 (or not defined), the conversion tool will take the beam axis direction of the first element corresponding to a PBEAM, PBEAML, PBAR or PBARL property and map that to the corresponding *BEAM SECTION or *BEAM GENERAL SECTION card. The beam axis vectors of other elements with the same property will be ignored. If the argument is 1, the conversion tool will create a third node for each element to define the equivalent beam axis vector. As a result, the axis direction for each element will be maintained after the conversion. Because this option updates each element, the conversion process might take a considerable amount of time for models with a large number of beams. The system for CELAS1 or CELAS2 elements is sitting on the grid nodes. Thus, every element can have a different system. Ideally, on conversion one *SPRING (and *DASHPOT) or *CONNECTOR SECTION per element needs to be created. For large models this can be time-consuming. Therefore for CELAS1 two options can be set in the ConfigurationFile.txt (1 or 0). If the option is 1, one property per element will be created (default). If the flag is set to 0, one property per PELAS card will be created. In this case, the settings of the first element found on this property will be translated. From CELAS2 elements you always create a *SPRING and *DASHPOT or *CONNECTOR SECTION property per element. Composite sections PCOMP and PCOMPG can be converted to Abaqus as well. From ConfigurationFile.txt a user can select to convert to SHELL SECTION or SHELL GENERAL SECTION properties. Besides individual layers, the conversion takes care of system assignments, offsets, SYM, BEND and other similar parameters. In PCOMPG a global ply id (GPLYID) number is honored in the ply name in Abaqus user profile after conversion.

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RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format)

Abaqus

Beam axis/property option

PSOLID

*SOLID SECTION

PSHELL

*SHELL SECTION or *SHELL GENERAL SECTION

PCOMP(G)

*SHELL SECTION or *SHELL GENERAL SECTION (COMPOSITE)

PBEAM

*BEAM GENERAL SECTION

1 or 0

PBEAML

*BEAM SECTION

1 or 0

PBAR

*BEAM GENERAL SECTION

1 or 0

PBARL

*BEAM SECTION

1 or 0

PROD

*SOLID SECTION

PBUSH

*CONNECTOR SECTION

PELAS

(*SPRING + *DASHPOT) or *CONNECTOR SECTION

PDAMP

*DASHPOT or *CONNECTOR SECTION

CELAS2

(*SPRING + *DASHPOT) or *CONNECTOR SECTION

CDAMP2

*DASHPOT or *CONNECTOR SECTION

CONM2

(*MASS + *ROTARY INERTIA)

1 or 0

Notes: CELAS2, CDAMP2 and CONM2 are elements in RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) but they are sectional properties in Abaqus. Therefore, the mapping for them must also be defined under *PropertyConversion The PELAS or CELAS2 in RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) both spring stiffness and damping attributes. If both spring and damping values are present and they are mapped to *SPRING, the conversion tool will automatically create an extra *DASHPOT property. The elements will both be kept in the same component and the property will be directly assigned to the *SPRING or *DASHPOT element. Similarly, the CONM2 in RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) has both translational and rotational mass values. If both translational and rotational values are present and it is mapped to *MASS, the conversion tool will automatically create an extra *ROTARY INERTIA component.

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The property conversion scheme and corresponding element conversion scheme must be consistent. For example, if you define PBUSH to *CONNECTOR SECTION at the property mapping scheme, the corresponding element CBUSH must map to CONN3D2 in the element mapping scheme.

Materials The table below shows supported material mapping between RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) and Abaqus. The material mapping scheme must be defined under *PropertyConversion block in the ConfigurationFile. txt file. RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct

Abaqus

Notes

MAT1

*MATERIAL

*ELASTIC, TYPE=ISO; *EXPANSION, TYPE=ISO; and *DENSITY (G is used only for *BEAM GENERAL SECTION)

MAT2

*MATERIAL

When used alone in a PSHELL, MAT2 is translated to *ELASTIC, TYPE=LAMINA or *ELASTIC, TYPE=ANISOTROPIC

MAT8

*MATERIAL

ELASTIC, TYPE=LAMINA; *EXPANSION, TYPE=ORTHO; and *DENSITY

MAT9

*MATERIAL

*ELASTIC, TYPE=ANISOTROPIC unless the data are found to be orthotropic, in which case the data are analyzed to create *ELASTIC, TYPE=ENGINEERING CONSTANTS. Also *DENSITY; and *EXPANSION, TYPE=ANISO or ORTHO.

Note:

If a PBEAM or PBAR is mapped to a *BEAM GENERAL SECTION, the material properties defined in the corresponding RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct material are mapped to the *BEAM GENERAL SECTION card. No *Material is created in this case.

Loads HM loads have two basic attributes – configuration (or config) and type. The supported load "config" are: force, moment, constraint, pressure, temperature, flux, velocity, acceleration and equation. The load "type" defines the solver specific type of a particular configuration. For example, pressure load can be any of the following Abaqus types: DLOAD, FILM, DFLUX etc. The Load Types panel shows all supported load configurations and their types for a user profile. For a specific configuration, you can map any supported RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct load type to any supported Abaqus load type. The conversion tool does not support conversion across load configurations. The load mapping scheme is valid for either direction and must be under the *BCsTypeConversion block in the ConfigurationFile.txt file. You need to provide both configuration and type information to specify the mapping scheme as shown below:

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HM configuration, RADIOSS type

HM configuration, Abaqus type

force, FORCE

force, CLOAD

moment, MOMENT

moment, CLOAD

const, SPC

const, BOUNDARY

const, SPCD

const, VELOCITY

const, SUPORT

const, BOUNDARY

pressure, PLOAD

pressure, DLOAD

pressure, PLOAD2

pressure, DLOAD

pressure, PLOAD4

pressure, DLOAD

temp, TEMP

temp, TEMPERATURE

equation, MPC

equation, *EQUATION

In addition to the above load types, the conversion tool also converts RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct Dload (with corresponding Rload1, Rload2, DAREA, TABLED1, TABLED2, TABLED3) to Abaqus *BOUNDARY or *CLOAD (with corresponding *AMPLITUDE curve). No mapping scheme needs to be specified for this conversion; the conversion is done automatically if present in the model.

Load steps and analysis type The conversion tool maps between RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct subcases and Abaqus steps. It does not convert the solution type from/to any Abaqus analysis type. You must define it manually using the Abaqus Step Manager or the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct Load Step Browser.

Systems and mass The conversion tool converts RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct system types into the corresponding Abaqus system (*SYSTEM, *TRANSFORM or *ORIENTATION). It also converts the NSM into *NONSTRUCTURAL MASS and assigns them to the relevant properties. The mapping can be summarized as: HM configuration, RADIOSS type

HM configuration, Abaqus type

NSM

*NONSTRUCTURAL MASS

NSM1

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NSML NSML1 NSMADD GRID

*NODE AND *SYSTEM

CORD1R

*SYSTEM for nodes

CORD1C

*TRANSFORM if referred to on GRID

CORD1S

*ORIENTATION for elements

CORD2R CORD2C CORD2S

WTMASS If the WTMASS parameter is defined in the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format), OptiStruct model, it is used to modify density, mass, and inertia values during conversion.

See also Radioss Conversion Tools

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RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) to ANSYS Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert a RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) file to an ANSYS file. 1.

Load the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) user profile.

2.

Import a RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) model.

3.

Run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) > To ANSYS. The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

4.

Click Convert to start the conversion. After conversion, the ANSYS user profile is automatically loaded.

5.

Review and export the deck using the ANSYS user profile.

Some of the keywords in the RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) deck are converted to the ANSYS deck as per the following tables.

Materials RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) type

ANSYS type

Convert Parameters

MAT1

MATERIAL

Modulus of Elasticity, poisson's ratio and density

MAT2

MATERIAL

density

MAT4

MATERIAL

density

RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) type

ANSYS type

HM Configuration

CONM2

MASS21

Mass

CELAS1

COMBI14

Spring

CBAR, CBEAM

BEAM44

Bar2

CROD

LINK8

Rod

CTRIA3, CTRIAR

SHELL63

Tria3

Elements

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CQUAD4, CQUADR, CSHEAR

SHELL63

Quad4

CTRIA6

SHELL93

Tria6

CQUAD8

SHELL93

Quad8

CTETRA

SOLID45

Tetra4

CTETRA

SOLID95

Tetra10

CHEXA

SOLID45

Hex8

CHEXA

SOLID95

Hex20

CPENTA

SOLID45

Penta6

CPENTA

SOLID95

Penta15

ANSYS type

Convert Parameters

PBAR, PBARL, PBEAM, PBEAML

BEAM44p

none

PROD

LINK8p

none

Properties RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) type

PSHELL, PSHEAR (tria3, SHELL63p quad4)

Shell Thickness

PSHELL, PSHEAR (tria6, SHELL93p quad8)

Shell Thickness

PSOLID (tetra4, penta6, hex8)

SOLID45p

none

PSOLID (tetra10, penta15, hex20)

SOLID95p

none

ETType of Ansys: If the model contains RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) elements which were mapped to MASS21, LINK8,

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COMBI14, BEAM44, SHELL63, SHELL93, SOLID45 and SOLID95 elements, respective ETTYPES will be created and assigned to the component. Key options of ETTYPE are not updated. Components: If the component collector contains different type of configuration of elements, new components will be created for the respective configurations and those elements will be moved into the new component. ETTYPE, material and realset IDs will be assigned to the new component. Loads and Boundary Conditions: Loads and boundary conditions will not be converted by using this conversion tool.

See also Radioss Conversion Tools

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RADIOSS (Block Format) to PAM-CRASH 2G Conversion You can use the Conversion tool to convert a RADIOSS (Block Format) file to a PAM-CRASH 2G file. 1.

After loading the RADIOSS (Block Format) user profile and importing a RADIOSS (Block Format) model into the session, run the conversion macro by clicking Tools > Convert > RADIOSS (Block Format) > To Pam-Crash. The Conversion tab will appear at the left side the graphics area.

2.

In the Destination Pam-Crash Template field, select the destination solver version.

3.

Click Convert to start the conversion. After conversion, the selected version of the PAM-CRASH 2G user profile is automatically loaded.

4.

Review and export the deck using the PAM-CRASH 2G user profile.

Some of the keywords in the RADIOSS (Block Format) deck are converted to the PAM-CRASH 2G deck as per the following table:

Element Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

TRUSS

BAR

BEAM

BEAM

SPRING

SPRING

SPRING+PROP/SPR_BEAM (TYPE 13)

SPRBM

SH3N

SHELL

SHELL

SHELL

BRICK

SOLID

TETRA44

TETRA44

ADMAS

MASS

SPRING+INTER/TYPE2

PLINK

SPRING+PROP/KJOINT(TYPE33)

KJOIN

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RBODY

RBODY

Boundary Conditions Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

INIVEL

INVEL

BCS

BOUNC

CLOAD

CONLO

System Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

FRAME/FIX

FRAME

SKEW/MOV

FRAME

SKEW/FIX

FRAME

Material Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

M1_ELASTIC

MAT_1D TYPE 201, MAT_2D TYPE 101

/PROP/SPRING

MAT_1D TYPE 220

/PROP/SPR_BEAM

MAT_1D TYPE 223

M0_VOID

MAT_2D TYPE 100

M36_PLAS_TAB

MAT_2D TYPE 102/103

M44_COWPER

MAT_2D TYPE 102/103

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M2_PLAS_JOHNS

MAT_2D TYPE 102/103

Property Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

PROP/BEAM

PART, TYPE= BEAM

PROP/KJOINT

PART, TYPE = KJOIN

PROP/SHELL

PART, TYPE = SHELL

PROP/SOLID

PART, TYPE = SOLID

PROP/SPRING

PART, TYPE = SPRING

PROP/SPR_BEAM

PART, TYPE = SPRING

PROP/SPR_GENE

PART, TYPE = SPRING

PROP/TRUSS

PART, TYPE = BAR

Curve Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

FUNCT

FUNCT

Control Cards Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

TITLE

TITLE

OCTRL/ DSYOUPUT

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/ANIM/DT

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THPOUTPUT

/TFILE

Component Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

PART

PART

Contact Interface Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

CNTAC36

INTER/TYPE7

Rigid Wall Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

RWALL

RWALL

Time History Definition Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

TH/SPRING

THELE

TH/NODE

THNODE

TH/FRAME

THLOC

Section Definition Mapping

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HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

SECT

SECFO

Group Definition Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

GRNOD/NODE

GROUP

GRNOD/GENE

GROUP

GRNOD/SUBSET

GROUP

GRNOD/PART

GROUP

GRNOD/MAT

GROUP

GRNOD/PROP

GROUP

GRNOD/GRNOD

GROUP

GRNOD/SURF

GROUP

GRNOD/GRSHEL

GROUP

GRNOD/GRBRIC

GROUP

GRNOD/GRSPRI

GROUP

GRNOD/GRSH3N

GROUP

GRNOD/GRTRUS

GROUP

GRNOD/GRBEAM

GROUP

GENOD/NODENS

GROUP

GRNOD/FORMULA

GROUP

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Airbag Definition Mapping HM configuration, RADIOSS (Block Format) type

HM configuration, PAM-CRASH 2G type

BAGIN

MONVOL

The attributes converted in each KEYWORD is explained in the conversion dialog (see below). Each keyword is associated with a color to distinguish better. GREEN – All the attributes of the KEYWORD are converted to equivalent in PAM-CRASH 2G ORANGE – Only some the attributes of the KEYWORD are converted to equivalent in PAM-CRASH 2G RED – None the attributes of the KEYWORD are converted to equivalent in PAM-CRASH 2G. Basically conversion of this keyword is not supported by the conversion tool

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See also

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Radioss Conversion Tools

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XY Plotting The functions in the XY Plots module allow you to study the relationships between data vectors in results files. This section introduces the functions that are available. Information about xy plots is stored in plot collectors, which are referred to as plots. Plots maintain a list of pointers to curves that are to be displayed on the plot. The plot may contain any number of curves. There is no limit to the number of plot collectors that an HM database may contain. Information about curves is stored in curve collectors, which are referred to as curves. To display a curve, you must assign the curve collector to a plot. A curve may appear on more than one plot at a time and there is no limit to the number of curves that an HM database may contain. You can create standard plots or dual plots that show real /imaginary or phase/magnitude data. Procedures for creating and editing xy plots and curves include: Creating an XY Plot Modifying XY Plots Working with Multiple XY Plots Modifying Multiple XY Plots Creating Curves on XY Plots Reading Curves from an ASCII File Creating Analysis Based Curves Creating Curves using Simple Math Operators Creating Curves from Files or Math Expressions Modifying Curve Attributes Displaying Selected Curves on Plots In addition, you can use the Curve Editor to view and modify curves already defined in your HyperMesh model.

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XY Plots Module The XY Plots module is a group of panels that perform operations on plots and the curves displayed on those plots. To access the XY Plots module, select the XY Plots drop down menu. The xy plotting panels are described below: Axis Labels

The Axis Labels panel allows you to modify the x and y axes titles and labels. You can also change the color and font size used to display these entities.

Axis Scaling

The Axis Scaling panel allows you to modify the starting and ending values of the plot axes. You can set the values explicitly or implicitly by using the panel functions such as find curves, circle zoom, and zoom out.

Border

The Border panel allows you to change the thickness and color of the border around the plot. You may also specify whether the border is displayed and the size of the margin between the border and the plot.

Curve Attribs

The Curve Attribs panel allows you to change the color, marker style (used to indicate the point location), thickness, and the line style (solid, dashed, etc.). You can apply a scaling factor to the original data points. You can also change the curve title that appears in the legend.

Edit Curves

Creates and modifies the curves in the database. This panel allows you to read data vectors from files as well as perform advanced mathematical operations on curves.

Grid Attribs

The Grid Attribs panel allows you to change the color, line style, thickness of the grid lines, and the margin displayed around the grid lines.

Grid Labels

The Grid Labels panel allows you to change the color, font, and number of significant places in the labels. Grid labels appear along the x and y axes in the plot (tick marks).

Integrate

Calculates and displays the integral of a curve.

Legend

The Legend panel allows you to change the location and the font used to display the legend.

Plot Titles

The Plot Titles panel allows you to change the plot title, subtitle, and label. In addition, you can change the color and font size used to display these entities.

Plots

Allows you to create an xy plot and assign curves to the xy plot.

Query Curves

Allows you to determine the coordinate values of points in a curve.

Read Curves

Reads curves from an ASCII file.

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Rename

Allows you to rename curves.

Results Curves

Generates a curve from the currently-selected results file.

Simple Math

Allows you to perform simple mathematical calculations on a curve.

In addition, you can use the Curve Editor to view and modify curves already defined in your HyperMesh model.

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Creating an XY Plot Each xy plot window is assigned a name when you create it. Plot attributes include the title, subtitle, and labels, and also the margin and border around the xy plot. These attributes can be adjusted before or after you add curves to the plot. The first step in the process of creating an xy plot is to use the Plots panel to name and create an xy plot collector. Default values are initially assigned to the xy plot attributes.

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Modifying an XY Plot After you create an xy plot, you can change the color, thickness, or width of the border, the grid labels and grid attributes, or add a title to the plot. To modify an xy plot, select the panel that applies to the attribute you want to change, select the plot you want to change, and change the attribute in the panel. After each change, the update is immediately displayed. Each time a panel in the XY Plots module is accessed, the existing values of the current xy plot (the plot listed after plot =) is displayed in the data entry fields in the panel. Every time you change the current xy plot, the panels in the XY Plots module are updated to reflect the change. This process also applies to curves.

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Working with Multiple XY Plots Every xy plot is placed within a window. This allows you to control multiple plots by resizing and moving plots around the screen. XY plot window placement is controlled with the Windows panel. Access this panel by pressing the w key.

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Modifying Multiple XY Plots When several plots are contained within a database, you may wish to modify one of the values on all of the plots. For example, you may wish to change the axis titles so that they are all the same. You can modify one plot so that it has the desired values, and then apply those modifications to the other plots, or a subset of the plots, in one step. When you modify xy plots using the panels of the xy plots module, the plot = field allows you to select one plot and the plots entity selector allows you to select multiple plots.

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Creating Curves on XY Plots You can create curves using four different methods: Read curves from an ASCII file Extract a curve directly from a results database Create curves by using a few simple math operators Read single curves from files as well as generate curves by using mathematical expressions

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Reading Curves from an ASCII File Curves are read from an ASCII file with the Read Curves panel. The format of the input file is assumed is as follows: XYDATA,TITLE X1, Y1 X2, Y2 . . . ENDDATA XYDATA,TITLE X1, Y1 X2, Y2 . . . ENDDATA

Each curve in the file is defined in a block format. The block begins with the statement, XYDATA. After XYDATA, the title assigned to the curve, which is displayed in the legend, follows on the same line. Point data follows with a set of (x, y) data pairs on each line. The block ends with an ENDDATA statement. In the above example, there are two blocks of data, which define two curves.

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Creating Analysis Based Curves Analysis-based curves are generated from the HyperMesh binary results file. When you create an analysis curve, you select entities of interest in your model, and then select a data type for the x axis data points and a data type for the y axis data points. After this information has been supplied, the required data is read from the results file and generates the appropriate curve. Analysis-based curves are generated in the Results Curves panel.

Return to XY Plotting

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Creating Curves Using Simple Math Operators Curves can be created using simple math operators in the Simple Math panel. You can combine two curves, transform a curve, or export the curve. For every operation, you can specify that the x or y values of the curve remain fixed. You can also apply external filters to curves in this panel. Examples of external filters are in the filters subdirectory that is provided when this option is selected. Essentially, filters exchange data with HyperMesh, using the standard HyperMesh curve data file format.

Return to XY Plotting

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Creating Curves from Files or Math Expressions The Edit Curves panel allows you to create new curves or edit existing ones. Each vector of a curve can be defined using either a data vector in a data file or a math expression. For example, the data source for the x vector could be a file, and the data source for the y vector could be a math expression. The data sources for the x and y vectors are displayed in the x = and y = fields. To edit the x and y vectors of a math curve, you must indicate the curve number and the x or y vector, in the format curve number.vector: For example: c1.x

To reference the x vector of curve 1.

c1.y

To reference the y vector of curve 1.

When you modify a curve, the curves are recalculated in the proper order, based on what has been modified. The y vector can be a function of x or the x vector can be a function of y. New data can be selected from a source file or mathematically defined. Source file data is divided into type, request, and component. Type

Data files can consist of different types of data. Available data types depend on the data file.

Request

Once the data type has been selected, the data request set needs to be selected.

Component

After the data request set has been selected, the component must be selected.

Note:

For more information about math expressions, refer to the Altair Math Reference Guide.

Return to XY Plotting

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Modifying Curve Attributes Modifying curves is very similar to modifying plots. The following curve attributes may be changed in the Curve Attribs panel. curve title

The curve title is displayed in the legend.

curve width

The width of line used when the curve is drawn. HyperMesh currently supports either thick or thin lines.

curve style

The style of line used to draw the curve. HyperMesh currently supports a solid line, no line at all, and four different patterns.

curve color

The color used to draw the curve. HyperMesh currently supports 15 standard colors.

curve marker

Determines the markers drawn around each data point in the curve, when the curve is displayed. HyperMesh currently supports circular, triangular, and square markers. The curve may also be displayed with no markers shown.

x scale factor

This scale factor is used to scale the x values in a curve.

y scale factor

This scale factor is used to scale the y values in a curve.

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Displaying Selected Curves on Plots After you have read or created curves, you can select which curves in the database you want to display on an xy plot. To select curves for a plot, select the Plots panel and click select curves. A list of the available curves in the database are displayed. The names of the curves that are already displayed on the current xy plot are highlighted. Modify the list by selecting the curves by name and removing or adding the curves to the current plot as desired and click return.

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Curve Editor Access the curve editor from HyperMesh’s XY plots pull-down menu. The Curve Editor is a user interface that allows you to view and modify graphed curves in a more intuitive and holistic way than the individual xy plots panels provide. The Curve Editor contains four main areas, outlined with colored boxes in the image below: the curve list (green), curve attributes (blue), graph area (red), and graph attributes (cyan).

It’s important to be aware that the Curve Editor is not completely symmetrical with HyperMesh, in the sense that changes made in the Curve Editor are automatically sent back to HyperMesh, but changes made in a HyperMesh panel do not automatically get sent to the Curve Editor. For this reason, if you leave the Curve Editor open while making changes within the HyperMesh XY plotting module, you must use the update button in the Curve Editor to import the changes. To summarize: Changes made in the Curve Editor immediately affect HyperMesh. Changes made in HyperMesh do not immediately affect the curve editor, and must be imported by use of the update button. To quit the Curve Editor, click the close command button. Note that any changes you make in the Curve Editor will be retained, because they are automatically applied as you make them.

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How do I… Display curves in the graph area Change a curve’s attributes Change the graph’s attributes Create a new curve Delete a curve Rename a curve

See also XY Plotting

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To create a new curve: 1.

Click the New… command button in the Curve Editor window. HyperMesh temporarily supplants the Curve Editor and prompts you to specify a name for the new curve.

2.

Type in a name for the new curve.

3.

Click proceed. HyperMesh returns you to the Curve Editor.

4.

Click the new curve in the curve list and modify its attributes as needed. For example, type in the X and Y coordinates for each data point in the curve.

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To display curves in the graph area: 1.

Click the desired curve in the curve list. The curve’s attributes fill in the fields in the curve attributes area.

2.

Modify the curve attributes if needed.

3.

Click the display checkbox in the curve attributes area. The curve displays in the graph area.

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To change the graph's attributes: 1.

In the graph attributes area, modify the fields inside the X-axis frame: Type in a new label to change the graph’s X-axis label. For example, you could change it from "X" to "Acceleration". Select a precision to change the number of decimal places that display in the numbers on this axis. Choose a min and max to restrict the graph to a specific range of values. For example, even if your data included accelerations ranging from 0 up to 10 m/s2, you could restrict the X axis to only graph accelerations from 1 to 5 m/s2. Change the number of Tics and Grids per tic to control how fine the grid behind the curves is drawn. The number of Tics indicates how many evenly-spaced, numbered increments display between the beginning and end of the axis. For example, if your data ranges from values of 0 to 2.0, setting Tics to "3" produces three increments (at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5). The Grids per tic sub-divides each tic, making a finer grid, but these grid lines are not numbered (much like the fractional markings on a ruler).

2.

Modify the fields inside the Y-axis frame: Type in a new label to change the graph’s Y-axis label. For example, you could change it from "Y" to "time". Select a precision to change the number of decimal places that display in the numbers on this axis. Choose a min and max to restrict the graph to a specific range of values. For example, even if your data included accelerations from 0 seconds to 60 seconds, but you only wish to graph the accelerations that occur between 30 and 35 seconds, you could restrict the range by typing "20" into the min and "35" into the max. Change the number of Tics and Grids per tic to control how fine the grid behind the curves is drawn. The number of Tics indicates how many evenly-spaced, numbered increments display between the beginning and end of the axis. For example, if your data ranges from values of 0 to 2.0, setting Tics to "3" produces three increments (at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5). The Grids per tic sub-divides each tic, making a finer grid, but these grid lines are not numbered (much like the fractional markings on a ruler).

3.

Modify the fields inside the Legends frame: Select a location to determine where the legend displays in the graph area. Click the hide checkbox to toggle the display of the legend on and off.

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To change a curve's attributes: 1.

Click the curve that you wish to modify -

Either click the curve in the curve list

Or 2.

Click the curve in the graph area, if it is already set to Display.

Make any desired changes to the curve’s attributes: -

Modify each X and/or Y value by clicking it, pressing the key to erase the current value, and then typing in a new value.

-

Change the Color by clicking the colored box.

A list of available colors displays; click the desired color to select it. -

Click the display checkbox to toggle the display of the curve in the graph area.

-

To place a marker symbol at each point on the curve, select a symbol from the list box.

-

To change the symbol spacing, select a number from the every: list box.

For example, if you choose "3" then only every third point will display as a symbol. -

Select a Line style to change the curve’s line from solid to dotted, or show no line at all. Note: if you choose no line, the line’s symbol points will still display.

-

To draw the curve in a thicker line, click the thick line checkbox.

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To delete a curve: 1.

In the curve list, click the curve that you wish to delete.

2.

Click the Delete command button. A confirmation window displays.

3.

Click Yes to confirm the deletion, or No to keep the curve.

Undo You cannot undo a deletion; once you delete a curve, you cannot recover it.

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To rename a curve: 1.

Click the desired curve in the curve list. HyperMesh temporarily supplants the curve editor and prompts you to specify a new name for the chosen curve.

2.

Type in a new name for the curve.

3.

Click proceed. HyperMesh returns you to the curve editor, which now uses the curve’s new name.

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Post-processing Analysis The post-processing functions allow you to review the results files and databases generated by external codes. Results files can be translated into HyperMesh results databases which are then read into HyperMesh for post-processing. This translation is done using result translators; for more information, refer to the individual translators in the Interface help system. This section describes the structure of a HyperMesh results database and explains how to use the postprocessing functions to create contour, assigned, deformed, and vector plots. Post-processing functions include: Specifying the Results File Creating Deformed Geometry Plots Creating Animations Creating Vector Plots Creating Contour Plots Creating Assigned Plots Adding Plot Identification - Legends and Titles Inspecting the Results

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HyperMesh Results Database The structure of a results database allows you to access results by a method similar to that of the analysis code. A results database is divided into sections called simulations. Each simulation stores the results for a model as it responds to a loading condition. For example, if you run a linear statics problem and apply three different loading conditions to your model, the results file generated by the translator contains three simulations. If you run a nonlinear job, each load step (the response of the model to each incremental amount of load applied) translates to a simulation. Each simulation in the results database is further subdivided into data types. Each data type found in a simulation contains a group of results of the same type. For example, each simulation in a results file may contain two data types: displacements and von Mises stress. A data type may contain only one type of result. Data types are one of the forms described below: nodal displacement

Stores three floating point values at a node. This form of data type is usually used to store displacements or a vector quantity.

nodal value

Stores one floating point value at a node. This form of data type is used to store stress quantities or other types of results where a single value is needed at a node.

element value

Stores one floating point value at an element. This form of data type is used to store stress quantities or other types of results where a single value is needed at an element.

complex nodal displacement

Stores a complex value (magnitude and phase) at a node. This form of data type is usually used to store displacements or a vector quantity.

complex nodal value

Stores a complex value (magnitude and phase) at a node.

complex element value

Stores a complex value (magnitude and phase) at an element.

complex nodal von Mises Stores a complex von Mises value (magnitude, phase, offset) at a node. complex element von Mises

Stores a complex von Mises value (magnitude, phase, offset) at an element.

Data types are not required to contain results for every node or element in the model, and may contain a subset of the total model, if this is appropriate. If this occurs, a message is printed indicating that results for some of the entities requested were not found in the database. In order to complete the post-processing function being executed, HyperMesh sets the results values needed for that function to zero for all of the nodes or elements that are missing.

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Results Translation See the following topics regarding Results Translation:

hmabaqus Results Translation Post-processing Actran Results hmansys Results Translation MADYMO Results Translation hmnast Results Translation hmnast Utility hmpam Results Translation PERMAS Results Translation RADIOSS (Fixed Format) Results Translation

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hmabaqus Results Translation hmabaqus translates a binary or ASCII Abaqus (.fil) results file into a HyperMesh binary results file. The syntax to run the translator is: hmabaqus [options]

To run hmabaqus from Hypermesh: 1.

On the Analysis page, select the Solver panel.

2.

Click the translator toggle and select hmabaqus.

3.

For input file:, click browse... and select the .fil file.

4.

Click Open.

5.

For output file:, click browse... and write down the output file name.

6.

Click Save.

7.

Enter the options. To create an h3d file for a specific result, add –h3d after the options.

8.

Click solve.

One or more of the following options can be used. Use the command hmabaqus-u to obtain a list of these options. Flag

Meaning

-d

Displacements

-rot

Rotations

-v

Velocities

-a

Accelerations

-nflux

NFLUX

-nflxrot

nflux rotations

-von

von Mises

-tr

Tresca

-hydropr

Hydrostatic Pressure

-tsi

Third Stress Invariant

-pstrs

Principal Stresses

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-shstrs

Shear Stresses

-sed

Strain Energy Density

-temp

Temperature

-sinktemp

Sink Temperature

-filmcoef

Film Coefficient

-ecursmag

ECURS magnitude

-ncursmag

NCURS magnitude

-recurmag

RECUR magnitude

-ecdmag

ECD magnitude

-ecd1

ECD1

-ecd2

ECD2

-ecd3

ECD3

-resflux

Residual Flux

-conflux

Concentrated flux

-intflux

Internal Flux

-fluxs

FLUXS

-nodetemp

Nodal Temperatures

-ts

Total Strains

-ls

Logarithmic Strains

-ns

Nominal Strains

-ps

Plastic Strains

-es

Elastic Strains

-cs

Creep Strains

-ths

Thermal Strains

-pstrn

Principal Strains

-pnomsn

Principal Nominal Strains

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-plogsn

Principal Logarithmic Strains

-pps

Principal Plastic Strains

-pes

Principal Elastic Strains

-pths

Principal Thermal Strains

-stress

Stresses

-rmsstrs

RMS Stresses

-rmsstrn

RMS Strains

-rf

Reaction Forces

-rm

Reaction Moments

-pl

Point Loads

-thick

Shell Thickness

-sinv

Maximums (default off)

-s1

First Surface (default off)

-s2

Second Surface (default off)

-cr

Contact Results

-epot

Electrical Potential

-por

Pore or Acoustic Pressure (default off)

-ps1v

Principal Stress 1 (Vector)

-ps2v

Principal Stress 2 (Vector)

-ps3v

Principal Stress 3 (Vector)

-sh1v

Shear Stress 1 (Vector)

-sh2v

Shear Stress 2 (Vector)

-sv1

State Variable 1 (default off)

-sv2

State Variable 2 (default off)

-svn

State Variable n (default off)

-sv20

State Variable 20 (default off)

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-notrans

Do not convert local displacements into global (default off)

-pc56

Read results for v5.6 on PC (default off)

-maxsim

Max simulations (default 999) (default off)

-step

For specific STEP results (default off)

-inc

For specific ITERATION results (default off)

-freq

For specific frequency of ITERATION results (default off)

-disk

Translation is performed on disk

-size

Number of entities (10000 default)

-file

Scratch file name

-h3d

Outputs file to an H3D file instead of to an hmresults file. The file includes model and results information that was translated. The model must contain geometry for it to be output to an H3D file. (default off)

-noip

Turns off all processing of element integration point values. If you ask Abaqus to average values to element centroids, this option makes a considerable difference in the amount of memory needed. If you also specify a result type that is found on element integration points, and the translator comes across such a result during processing, it reports an error. (default off)

-sv1, -sv2,..., -sv20

State variables were being treated differently for some element groups from others. For some element types, they were always included, and, for others, they were processed only if specifically listed, with the default listing all of them. Now, all are uniform. They are translated only if you requests them to be translated. Also, the translator used to allocate memory to process all 20 allowable state variables whether you asked for any or not. Now, you can turn them on individually, and use just the minimum memory necessary, or you can turn on the first N of them using -nsdv. (default off)

-nsdv

Turns on the first state variables (max of 20). If you list both individual state variables and also the -nsdv option, the listed ones are the only ones processed. You can get complete compatibility with older versions by using "-nsdv 20". (default off)

Note:

hmabaqus supports results for a range of increments and steps. It also supports results with a specific frequency. For example, "hmabaqus -inc steps.

10 12 14 40 55" gives results for increments 10 12 14 40 55 for all

"hmabaqus -step 1 5 6 19" gives results for all increments in steps 1, 5, 6 and 19.

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"hmabaqus -step 1 5 6 19 -inc 10 15 26 31 55" gives results for increments 10, 15, 26, 31, 55 in steps 1, 5, 6 and 19. "hmabaqus -step 1 5 6 19 -freq 2" give results for 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th .... last increments in steps 1, 5, 6 and 19. In addition, the following parameters are also available when the results translation is not performed on the analysis platform and when the results file is binary. One of these parameters may need to be specified to indicate the platform where the analysis result file was created.

Parameter

Analysis File Created On

-cray

Cray

-dec

Dec 5000

-decalpha

Dec Alpha

-hp

Hewlett Packard.

-ibm

IBM RS\6000

-pc

PC

-sgi

SGI

-sun

Sun.

See also Abaqus Interface Overview Supported Data Types Translating Complex Results Translating Element Results for Different Positions

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Translating Complex Results Hmabaqus supports real and imaginary results for *STEADY STATE DYNAMICS analysis. If the results are in the form of real and imaginary numbers, hmabaqus calculates the corresponding magnitude and phase. If the magnitude and phases are available from the .fil file, hmabaqus calculates the corresponding real and imaginary values. All complex data type names will have (c) postfix. In addition, data types without the (c) will contain the magnitude of the result. HyperMesh always uses magnitude and phase values to contour plot the complex results. Each result would be obtained using the following equation:

You can choose the value of when viewing the result by specifying the angle on the Contour or Deformed panel on the Post page. When you plot the contour for a complex data type and click on a node/element, both real/imaginary and magnitude/phase pairs are shown.

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Translating Element Results for Different Positions There are four options for the POSITION parameter in the *EL FILE keyword in Abaqus. They are CENTROIDAL, AVERAGED AT NODES, INTEGRATION POINTS (default), and NODES. However, in HyperMesh there are only two ways results can be presented: (a) unique value at the center of each element and (b) unique value at each node. Therefore, Hmabaqus must manipulate results from the .fil file to some extent to fit the HyperMesh architecture as follows: 1.

For POSITION = CENTROIDAL Hmabaqus reads these values directly and assigns them to the center of each element. An assign plot reflects exactly what is given in the .fil file. A contour plot contributes the same value to each of the element's nodes and for each node, values coming in from all adjacent elements are averaged to create the smooth contour image.

2.

For POSITION = AVERAGED AT NODES Hmabaqus reads these values directly and assigns them to each node. A contour plot shows the exact values that were read from the .fil file at nodes. For boundaries between components with material or thickness difference, there may be multiple values for a node in the .fil file. In this case, HyperMesh considers the last value for each node. As a result, you may see a blending of color at nodes along these boundaries. An assign plot averages the result coming from nodes of an element and assigns them to the centroid of the element.

3.

For POSITION = INTEGRATION POINTS This is the default option in Abaqus. Hmabaqus averages the values from each integration point to the centroid of an element. For example, for an element with four integration points, Hmabaqus reads the values at each integration point, adds them, and then divides them by 4. This usually gives an answer very close to POSITION = CENTROIDAL. An assign plot reflects these averaged values at elements. A contour plot contributes the same value to each of the element's nodes and for each node, values coming in from all adjacent elements are averaged to create the smooth contour image.

4.

For POSITION = NODES Hmabaqus does not currently support this option.

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Supported Result Types The following records in the Abaqus .fil results file are supported:

Abaqus/Standard Record Keys

Abaqus/Standard Output Request Identifier

1

Element Header



2

Temperature

TEMP

4

Distributed Flux

FLUX5

5

Solution-dependent state variables

SDV

10

Nodal Flux

NFLUX

11

Stresses

S

12

Stress Invariants

SINV

14

Energy Densities

ENER

21

Total Strain

E

22

Plastic Strains

PE

23

Creep Strains

CE

25

Elastic Strains

EE

27

Shell Thickness

STH

33

Film Coefficients

FILM

48

Transverse shear stresses

TSHR

62

Magnitude and phase angle of stress components

PHS

63

RMS values of stress

RS

65

Magnitude and phase angle of strain components

PHE

66

RMS values of strain

RE

88

Thermal Strains

THE

89

Logarithmic Strains

LE

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90

Nominal Strains

NE

101

Displacements

U

102

Velocities

V

103

Accelerations

A

104

Reaction Forces

RF

105

Electrical Potential

EPOT

106

Point, Loads, Moments, Fluxes

CF

108

Pore or Acoustic Pressure

POR

111

Magnitude and phase angle of displacement

PU

138

Electrical Reaction Current

RECUR

201

Nodal Temperatures

NT

204

Residual Flux

RFL

206

Concentrated Flux

CFL

214

Internal Flux

RFLE

401

Principal Stresses

SP

403

Principal Strains

EP

404

Principal Nominal Strains

NEP

405

Principal Logarithmic Strains

LEP

408

Principal Elastic Strains

EEP

410

Principal Thermal Strains

THEP

411

Principal Plastic Strains

PEP

425

Electrical Current Density

ECD

426

Distributed Electrical Current Density

ECURS

427

Nodal Current

NCURS

1503

Output Request Definition



1504

Node Header



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1511

Contact Tractions

CSTRESS (CPRESS, CSHEAR)

1521

Contact Clearances

CDISP (COPEN, CSLIP)

1900

Element Definitions



1901

Nodal Definitions



1902

Active Degrees of Freedom



1911

Output Request Definition



1921

Abaqus Version



1980

Modal Results



2000

Increment Start Record



2001

Increment End Record



Abaqus/Explicit Record Keys

Abaqus/Explicit Output Request Identifier

1

Element Header



2

Temperature

TEMP

5

Solution-dependent state variables

SDV

11

Stresses

S

14

Energy Densities

ENER

21

Infinitesimal Strains

E

22

Plastic Strains

PE

27

Shell Thickness

STH

48

Transverse Shear Stresses

TSHR

73

Equivalent Plastic Strain

PEEQ

75

Mises equivalent stress

MISES

89

Logarithmic Strains

LE

90

Nominal Strains

NE

101

Displacements

U

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102

Velocities

V

103

Accelerations

A

104

Reaction Forces

RF

201

Nodal Temperatures

NT

204

Reaction Flux

RFL

401

Principal Stresses

SP

403

Principal Infinitesimal Strains

EP

404

Principal Nominal Strains

NEP

405

Principal Logarithmic Strains

LEP

1900

Element Definitions



1901

Nodal Definitions



1902

Active Degrees of Freedom



1911

Output Request Definition



1921

Abaqus Version



2000

Increment Start Record



2001

Increment End Record



See also Abaqus Interface Overview Results Translation

See also Abaqus Interface Overview Results Translation

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Post-processing Actran Results The Actran color map solutions can be displayed in HyperMesh. The generation of the color maps is achieved by two steps: 1.

Actran will create color map files in a Patran format (.nod format).

2.

Convert the .nod file with the act2hm translator. The syntax to use the translator is: act2hm results.nod results.res where: results.nod is the color map results file in Patran format. This file is generated by Actran. results.res is the name of the new HyperMesh color map results file generated by act2hm.

To post-process the color maps: 1.

Click File > Load > Results File.

2.

Browse to select the results.res file.

3.

Click Open.

4.

Click contour on the Post page.

5.

Click simulation and choose a simulation result.

6.

Click datatype and select a result type.

7.

Click contour to generate the color map. You can change the angle to see results for different phases. Note that you must click contour each time you change the angle.

8.

Click return to go back to the Post page.

9.

Click deformed.

10. Define the simulation and datatype as described in steps 6 and 7 above. 11. Click modal to view an animation of the color map. 12. Click the mode switch to select hidden line. 13. Click the color switch to select contour. 14. Click return twice to go back to the Post page.

The following Actran post-processing features are supported in HyperMesh: OUTPUT_MAP OUTPUT_FRF FIELD_POINT

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hmansys Results Translation hmansys translates a binary ANSYS results file into a HyperMesh binary results file. You can view results in HyperMesh from the *.rst and *.rth files. Please note that hmansys supports results file up to ANSYS version 8.1. Beyond ANSYS 8.1, results can be post processed in Hyperview. The syntax to run the translator is: hmansys [options] One or more of the following options can be used. Use the command hmansys –u to obtain these options. Flag

Meaning

-d

Displacements

-rf

Reaction Forces

-rm

Reaction Moments

-sx1

X Stress (T)

-sy1

Y Stress (T)

-sz1

Z Stress (T)

-sxy1

XY Stress (T)

-syz1

YZ Stress (T)

-sxz1

XZ Stress (T)

-sx2

X Stress (B)

-sy2

Y Stress (B)

-sz2

Z Stress (B)

-sxy2

XY Stress (B)

-syz2

YZ Stress (B)

-sxz2

XZ Stress (B)

-sx

X Stress (max(T,B))

-sy

Y Stress (max(T,B))

-sz

Z Stress (max(T,B))

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-sxy

XY Stress (max(T,B))

-syz

YZ Stress (max(T,B))

-sxz

XZ Stress (max(T,B))

-ntemp

Nodal Temperatures

-vonmises1

von Mises Stress (T)

-vonmises2

von Mises Stress (B)

-vonmises

von Mises Stress (max(T,B))

-ps1t

Principal Stress 1 (T)

-ps2t

Principal Stress 2 (T)

-ps3t

Principal Stress 3 (T)

-ps1b

Principal Stress 1 (B)

-ps2b

Principal Stress 2 (B)

-ps3b

Principal Stress 3 (B)

-ps1

Principal Stress 1 (max(T,B))

-ps2

Principal Stress 2 (max(T,B))

-ps3

Principal Stress 3 (max(T,B))

-snx1

X Strain (T)

-sny1

Y Strain (T)

-snz1

Z Strain (T)

-snxy1

XY Strain (T)

-snyz1

YZ Strain (T)

-snxz1

XZ Strain (T)

-snx2

X Strain (B)

-sny2

Y Strain (B)

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-snz2

Z Strain (B)

-snxy2

XY Strain (B)

-snyz2

YZ Strain (B)

-snxz2

XZ Strain (B)

-snx

X Strain (max(T,B))

-sny

Y Strain (max(T,B))

-snz

Z Strain (max(T,B))

-snxy

XY Strain (max(T,B))

-snyz

YZ Strain (max(T,B))

-snxz

XZ Strain (max(T,B))

-psn1t

Principal Strain 1 (T)

-psn2t

Principal Strain 2 (T)

-psn3t

Principal Strain 3 (T)

-psn1b

Principal Strain 1 (B)

-psn2b

Principal Strain 2 (B)

-psn3b

Principal Strain 3 (B)

-psn1

Principal Strain 1 (max(T,B))

-psn2

Principal Strain 2 (max(T,B))

-psn3

Principal Strain 3 (max(T,B))

-psnvp1

Principal Strain1(vec.mode)

-psnvp2

Principal Strain2(vec.mode)

-psnvp3

Principal Strain3(vec.mode)

-psvp1

Principal Stress1(vec.mode)

-psvp2

Principal Stress2(vec.mode)

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-psvp3

Principal Stress3(vec.mode)

-snpx1

X Plastic Strain (T)

-snpy1

Y Plastic Strain (T)

-snpz1

Z Plastic Strain (T)

-snpxy1

XY Plastic Strain (T)

-snpyz1

YZ Plastic Strain (T)

-snpxz1

XZ Plastic Strain (T)

-snpx2

X Plastic Strain (B)

-snpy2

Y Plastic Strain (B)

-snpz2

Z Plastic Strain (B)

-snpxy2

XY Plastic Strain (B)

-snpyz2

YZ Plastic Strain (B)

-snpxz2

XZ Plastic Strain (B)

-snpx

X Plastic Strain (max(T,B))

-snpy

Y Plastic Strain (max(T,B))

-snpz

Z Plastic Strain (max(T,B))

-snpxy

XY Plastic Strain (max(T,B))

-snpyz

YZ Plastic Strain (max(T,B))

-snpxz

XZ Plastic Strain (max(T,B))

-psnp1t

Principal Pl. Strain 1 (T)

-psnp2t

Principal Pl. Strain 2 (T)

-psnp3t

Principal Pl. Strain 3 (T)

-psnp1b

Principal Pl. Strain 1 (B)

-psnp2b

Principal Pl. Strain 2 (B)

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-psnp3b

Principal Pl. Strain 3 (B)

-psnp1

Prin. Pl. Strain 1 (max(T,B))

-psnp2

Prin. Pl. Strain 2 (max(T,B))

-psnp3

Prin. Pl. Strain 3 (max(T,B))

-sntx1

X Thermal Strain (T)

-snty1

Y Thermal Strain (T)

-sntz1

Z Thermal Strain (T)

-sntxy1

XY Thermal Strain (T)

-sntyz1

YZ Thermal Strain (T)

-sntxz1

XZ Thermal Strain (T)

-sntx2

X Thermal Strain (B)

-snty2

Y Thermal Strain (B)

-sntz2

Z Thermal Strain (B)

-sntxy2

XY Thermal Strain (B)

-sntyz2

YZ Thermal Strain (B)

-sntxz2

XZ Thermal Strain (B)

-sntx

X Thermal Strain (max(T,B))

-snty

Y Thermal Strain (max(T,B))

-sntz

Z Thermal Strain (max(T,B))

-sntxy

XY Thermal Strain (max(T,B))

-sntyz

YZ Thermal Strain (max(T,B))

-sntxz

XZ Thermal Strain (max(T,B))

-psnt1t

Principal Th. Strain 1 (T)

-psnt2t

Principal Th. Strain 2 (T)

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-psnt3t

Principal Th. Strain 3 (T)

-psnt1b

Principal Th. Strain 1 (B)

-psnt2b

Principal Th. Strain 2 (B)

-psnt3b

Principal Th. Strain 3 (B)

-psnt1

Prin. Th. Strain 1 (max(T,B))

-psnt2

Prin. Th. Strain 2 (max(T,B))

-psnt3

Prin. Th. Strain 3 (max(T,B))

-swstrain

Swelling strain

-epeq1

Av. Eq. Plastic Strain (T)

-epeq2

Av. Eq. Plastic Strain (B)

-epeq

Av. Eq. Pl. Strain (max(T,B))

-altids

Use alternate element ids.

(default off)

-noconv

Do not transform to global

(default off)

-v53

Translate version5.3 rst file (default off)

-disk

Translation is performed on disk (default off).

-size

Number of entities (10000 default).

-file

Scratch file name (default off).

-h3d

Outputs file to an H3D file instead of to an hmresults file. The file includes model and results information that was translated. The model must contain geometry for it to be output to an H3D file.

If the size of the binary file is too large for hmansys to use, use the following option: hmansys -disk -size 10000 -file /tmp/scratch.tmp In addition, the following parameters are also available when the results translation is not performed on the analysis machine and when the results file is binary. One of these parameters may need to be specifed to indicate where the analysis result file was created: Parameter

Analysis File Created On

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-cray

Cray

-dec

Dec 5000

-decalpha

Dec Alpha

-hp

Hewlett Packard.

-Ibm

IBM RS\6000

-pc

PC

-sgi

SGI

-sun

Sun

See also ANSYS Interface Overview

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MADYMO Results Translation Post-processing can be done in HyperView using both Kinematic and FEMANI files. Refer to the HyperView online help for information about viewing MADYMO results.

Results Supported for Elements Damages Hydrostatic pressure Pressure Principal stresses Strains Stresses Thickness

Results Supported for Nodes Displacements Internal force vector Internal reaction force vector Internal reaction moment force vector Ellipsoid data Elliptical cylinder data Triangular plane data Quadrangular plane data Kelvin element data Belt segment data Maxwell element data Marker data Accelerometer data Null system data Point restraint data Gas jet data (only coordinates and gas flow data)

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Muscle data (only coordinates)

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hmnast Results Translation You can view the result files from the Contour, Deformed, Hidden Line, and Transient panels.

hmnast hmnasto2 hmnastf06 hmnastopt

See also Viewing the result files Nastran Interface Overview

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hmnast Utility hmnast translates Nastran ASCII punch files into HyperMesh binary results files. hmnast can be executed either independently or directly from HyperMesh. To run hmnast independently, use the following syntax: hmnast [arguments] where [arguments] are optional arguments. Arguments such as displacements, stresses and strains are on by default. To obtain these arguments, use the command hmnast -u.

To run hmnast from Hypermesh: 1.

Open the Solver panel.

2.

Click the translator toggle and select hmnast.

3.

For input file:, click browse... and select the punch file.

4.

Click Open.

5.

For output file:, click browse... and select the output file location and name.

6.

Click Open.

7.

Enter the options. To create an h3d file for a specific result, add –h3d after the first option. For example, to create an h3d file of the displacement, the option should be -d –h3d

8.

Click solve.

The following options are off by default: Flag

Meaning

-m

Displacements and maximums

-minimums

Minimums instead of maximums

-iter

Nonlinear iterations (from SOL 106)

-trans

Transient thermal

-corner

Corner stresses (for CQUAD4 and solid elements)

-bulk

Reads element connectivity from the bulk file (for use with the corner option)

-noconv

Do not convert local displacements into global coordinates

-nolabels

Do not use subcase labels

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-title

Use title for simulation name

-subtitle

Use subtitle for simulation name

-disk

Translation is performed on disk

-size

Number of entities (10000 = default)

-file

Scratch file name

-csa

Translates CSA/Nastran

-1Dforce

Reads all forces for 1-D elements

-1Dstress

Reads all stresses for 1-D elements

-2Dforce

Reads all forces for 2-D elements

-repR

Replaces R/NaN/nan fields with 0.0 (found in strain energy data types)

-h3d

Outputs file to an H3D file instead of an hmresults file. The hmresult file includes translated model and results information. The punch file must contain geometry for it to be output to an H3D file. If there is no geometry in the punch file, use –bulk in addition to –h3d. Example: hmnast -h3d -bulk myFile.dat myFile.pch myFile.h3d H3D files can be created either by using hmnast or from HyperMesh.

hmnast supports the following data types: Displacements, rotations, velocities, and accelerations SPC forces and SPC moments Grid Point Force Balance (totals block only) Real element forces Element name codes: 1, 2, 10, 11, 12, 33, 34, 74, 100 Real stresses Element name codes: 1, 2, 4, 10, 33, 34, 39, 64, 67, 68, 70, 74, 75, 82, 85, 88, 90, 91, 93, 144 Real strains Element name codes: 4, 33, 39, 64, 67, 68, 70, 74, 75, 82, 85, 88, 90, 91, 93, 144 Complex stresses Element name codes: 33, 39, 64, 67, 68, 70, 74, 75, 82 Complex strains Element name codes: 33, 39, 64, 67, 68, 70, 74, 75, 82

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Temperatures Flux Strain energies Time Eigenvectors Frequency How HyperMesh displays displacement results translated by hmnast: When hmnast reads displacement results, a flag is set to 1. The -noconv option sets this flag to 0. When HyperMesh reads the results file translated by hmnast, it checks the value of the flag. If the value is 1, HyperMesh translates the nodal displacement into basic* coordinate using the system attached to the node, in the case where no system is attached to the node, HyperMesh performs no further translation. If the value of the flag is 0, HyperMesh performs no further translation. As defined by MSC-Nastran.

NOTES To extract displacements and maximum von Mises stresses from the punch file, use the option -d von_max. To extract only the maximum values of the data types, specify the option -m. For iterative solutions encountered in SOL 106, use the option -iter. For transient solutions encountered in SOL 159, use the option -trans. For nonlinear transient solutions encountered in SOL 129, use the options -trans -iter. Corner stresses: Use -corner option when STRESS(CORNER) or STRESS(BILIN) is used in the data file. When using -corner option, hmnast requires the bulk data information. This can be done by using ECHO=PUNCH during analysis. Otherwise, use the -bulk option. When using STRESS(CORNER), Nastran gives corner stresses on a per-element basis. However, hmnast averages the corner stresses at the nodes for adjacent elements. HyperMesh converts the nodal displacements into global coordinates if there are non-zero values in the CD field of the GRID cards. To display the results in HyperMesh as they are reported in the punch file, use the option -noconv Simulation names: hmnast organizes the punch file results into a series of simulation names and data types. The simulation names correspond to the LABEL card of the punch file for SOL101. To create a simulation name, the first 27 characters from the LABEL card are appended with the SUBCASE ID. The corresponding data types are Displacements, von Mises Stress, and so on. If the option -

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nolabels is selected, the simulation name corresponds to the SUBCASE ID number. Use -title to use the TITLE card of your punch file as the simulation name. Use -subtitle to use the SUBTITLE card of your punch file as the simulation name. The simulation name for SOL106 is SUBCASE # Iter #. For modal frequency response problems, the simulation name is Mode # f #Hz. For modal frequency response problems where the complex part of the eigenvalue is used (SOL 107 and SOL 110), the simulation name is Mode # f #Hz©. For direct frequency response, the simulation name is Subcase # f #. For transient problems (SOL159, SOL129), the simulation name is Time #. Do not use -nolabels for SOL106, SOL159, and SOL129. If the size of the punch file is too large, use the option -disk -size n -file /temp/ scratch.tmp, where n corresponds to the maximum number of nodes/elements in the model and scratch.tmp is the scratch file name that hmnast creates in the /tmp/ directory. hmnast supports punch files for the following solutions: SOL 101, 103, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 129, 153 and 159 To extract only selected modes from a punch file, use the option -selmodes , where selmodesfile contains the mode numbers that need to be extracted. These numbers must have spaces separating them. Any number of lines can be entered. A line cannot exceed 256 characters. To extract only a selected number of subcases, use the option -selsubc .

How do I... Post process Nastran results in HyperMesh Create an h3d file from HyperMesh

See also Splitting punch files Translating Complex Results hmnasto2 hmnastf06 hmnastopt Nastran Interface Overview

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Splitting Punch Files Since punch files tend to be very large, especially true files for dynamic analysis, you may occasionally receive a message such as, out of memory or cannot read from file. When this situation occurs, you can translate the file by splitting it into several punch files. The number of smaller files needed can be determined by observing the size of the punch file, the number of simulations, and what is inside each simulation. Once smaller files are created, use hmnast to translate each file. Name the first results file name.res (extension optional), the second results file name1.res, the third results file name2.res, etc. Punch files have a header recursive format, for example: $TITLE

=

$SUBTITLE= $LABEL

=

$DISPLACEMENTS $REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT $SUBCASE ID =

1

$FREQUENCY =

0.1

. displacement for each nodes . $TITLE

=

$SUBTITLE= $LABEL

=

$DISPLACEMENTS $REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT $SUBCASE ID =

1

$FREQUENCY =

0.2

. displacement for each nodes

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If there is more than one subcase, the number in $SUBCASE ID = and the data changes while everything else remains the same. If there is more than one data type, for example DISP and STRESS, the header for DISPLACEMENT and STRESS will be the same. There are three ways to split a punch file: Along SUBCASES Along DATA TYPES (same subcase) Among the same DATA TYPE

How do I... To split a punch file along SUBCASES To split a punch file along DATA TYPES (same subcase) To split a punch file amid the same DATA TYPE To split a punch file in UNIX To load or append multiple results files into a single HyperMesh session

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To split a punch file along SUBCASES Store from $TITLE = to the end of data for a single subcase into one file and the other subcase into another file. Example: The initial punch file: $TITLE

=

$SUBTITLE=

$LABEL

=

$DISPLACEMENTS

$REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT

$SUBCASE ID =

$FREQUENCY =

1

0.1

displacement for each node $TITLE

=

$SUBTITLE=

$LABEL

=

$DISPLACEMENTS

$REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT

$SUBCASE ID =

$FREQUENCY =

2

0.1

displacement for each node New punch files: One.pch

Two.pch

$TITLE = $SUBTITLE=

$TITLE = $SUBTITLE=

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$LABEL = $DISPLACEMENTS $REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT $SUBCASE ID = 1 $FREQUENCY = 0.1 displacement for each node

$LABEL = $DISPLACEMENTS $REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT $SUBCASE ID = 2 $FREQUENCY = 0.1 displacement for each node

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To split a punch file along DATA TYPES (same subcase) Store from $TITLE = to the end of one DATA TYPE (i.e., DISP) in one file and the other DATA TYPE (i.e., STRESS) in another file. Be sure to change the SUBCASE number in the second file to a number different from the one in the first file. Example:

Initial punch file:

$TITLE

=

$SUBTITLE=

$LABEL

=

$DISPLACEMENTS

$REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT

$SUBCASE ID =

$FREQUENCY =

1

0.1

displacement for each nodes $TITLE

=

$SUBTITLE=

$LABEL

=

$STRESS $REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT

$SUBCASE ID =

$FREQUENCY =

1

0.1

stress for each element New punch files: One.pch $TITLE

Two.pch =

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$TITLE

=

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$SUBTITLE=

$SUBTITLE=

$LABEL

$LABEL

=

=

$DISPLACEMENTS

$STRESS

$REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT

$REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT

$SUBCASE ID = $FREQUENCY =

1 0.1

$SUBCASE ID = $FREQUENCY =

displacement for each node

2 0.1

stress for each element

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To split a punch file among the same DATA TYPE Store from $TITLE = to the end of one section into one file and the other into another file. In this case, since the DATA TYPE is the same, the SUBCASE number can stay the same. Example: $TITLE

Initial punch file: =

$SUBTITLE=

$LABEL

=

$DISPLACEMENTS

$REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT

$SUBCASE ID =

$FREQUENCY =

1

0.1

displacement for each node $TITLE

=

$SUBTITLE=

$LABEL

=

$DISPLACEMENTS

$REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT

$SUBCASE ID =

$FREQUENCY =

1

0.2

displacement for each node New punch files One.pch $TITLE

Two.pch =

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$TITLE

=

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$SUBTITLE= $LABEL = $DISPLACEMENTS $REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT $SUBCASE ID = 1 $FREQUENCY = 0.1 displacement for each node

$SUBTITLE= $LABEL = $DISPLACEMENTS $REAL-IMAGINARY OUTPUT $SUBCASE ID = 1 $FREQUENCY = 0.2 displacement for each node

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To split a punch file in UNIX The quickest way to split a file is in UNIX using the Vi text editor. In this example, the file s11p1s1disp2001.pch is used. It has only one SUBCASE containing DISPLACEMENT and STRESS results. 1.

Know where (what line) to split. At the prompt, use the less command: less s111p1s1disp2001.pch The file is loaded one buffer at a time, eliminating problems related to large file size.

2.

Use the /STRESS command to locate the first STRESS. In this example, the file will be split between DISPLACEMENT and STRESS.

The result from the above command is

3.

In the screen shown above, the STRESS data begins at line 9277. Using the head and tail commands, split s111p1s1disp2001.pch into dispall.pch (DISPLACEMENT only) and stressall.pch (STRESS only). Use the following command to create dispall.pch: head –9276 s111p1s1disp2001.pch > dispall.pch Line 1 to line 9276 of file s11p1s1disp2001.pch is copied into dispall.pch.

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Use the following command to create stressall.pch: tail +9277 s111p1s1disp2001.pch > stressall.pch Line 9277 to the end of file s11p1s1disp2001.pch is copied into stressall.pch. 4.

The SUBCASE numbers in dispall.pch and stressall.pch are both 1. Therefore, the SUBCASE number in stressall.pch file should be changed to 2 (or anything other than 1).

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To load or append multiple results files into a single HyperMesh session 1.

From the File drop down menu, select Load and select Results File.

2.

Browse to the file name.res and click Open.

HyperMesh reads name.res, name1.res, name2.res, and so on.

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To translate two punch files and read them in HyperMesh: 1.

Translate the first punch file and name the results file name.res (extension optional). The results file, result.res, is created.

2.

Translate the second punch file and name the results file name1.res (extension optional). Observe the number following name. The results file, result1.res, is created.

3.

Read both result files in HyperMesh.

4.

Select the result.res file and all your results files are read into HyperMesh (result1.res, result2.res, and so on).

Note:

Keep in mind that in the initial punch file, both DISPLACEMENT and STRESS are in SUBCASE 1 but, now DISPLACEMENT is in SUBCASE1 and STRESS is in SUBCASE2.

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hmnasto2 Utility hmnasto2 translates OUTPUT2 Nastran binary results into HyperMesh binary results files. hmnasto2 can be executed either independently or directly from HyperMesh. To run hmnast02 independently, use the following syntax: hmnasto2 [arguments] where [arguments] are optional arguments. Arguments such as displacements, stresses, and strains are on by default. To obtain those arguments, use the command hmnasto2 -u.

To run hmnasto2 from Hypermesh: 1.

Open the Solver panel.

2.

Click the translator toggle and select hmnasto2.

3.

Click input file = and select the op2 file location and name.

4.

Click output file = and select the output file location and name.

5.

Enter the options. The first option should be the machine used to generate the Nastran binary results file. To create an h3d file for a specific result, add –h3d after the second option. For example, to create an h3d file of the displacement result that was created from SGI computer, the option would be: -sgi -d –h3d

The following options are off by default: Flag

Meaning

-m

Displacements and maxs

-iter

Nonlinear iterations

-nolabels

Do not use subcase labels

-corner

Corner stresses

-csa

Translate CSA/Nastran

-subcman

Subcase manager

-cray

Cray

-dec

Dec 5000

-decalpha

Dec Alpha

-hp

Hewlett Packard

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-ibm

IBM RS\6000

-pc

PC

-sgi

SGI

-sun

Sun

-linux

Linux

-h3d

Outputs file to an H3D file instead of an hmresults file. The file includes translated model and results information. The model must contain geometry for it to be output to an H3D file. If there is no geometry in the op2 file, use –bulk in addition to –h3d. Example: hmnasto2 -h3d -bulk myFile. dat myFile.op2 myFile.h3d H3D files can be created either by using hmnast or from HyperMesh.

When you use hmnasto2, specify the machine used to generate the Nastran binary results file (-cray, sgi or -pc, and so on). hmnasto2 supports the following data types: Displacements, rotations, velocities and accelerations Eigenvectors Grid Point Stress Nonlinear Stress and Strain Element Name Codes: 90, 88, 85, 91, 93 Real and complex stresses Element Name Codes: 4, 33, 39, 64, 67, 68, 74, 75, 144 Real strains Element Name Codes: 4, 33, 39, 64, 67, 68, 74, 75, 144 Strain energies Shear Flux

How displacement results translated by hmnasto2 are displayed:

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MSC-Nastran writes displacement results into different data blocks based on selected parameters. When hmnasto2 reads these data blocks, a flag is set to 0 if it reads displacement results in basic* coordinate or 1 if it reads displacement result in global* coordinate. The -noconv option sets this flag to 0. When HyperMesh reads the results file translated by hmnasto2, it checks the value of the flag. If the value is 1, HyperMesh translates the nodal displacement into basic* coordinate using the system attached to the node. If the value of the flag is 0, HyperMesh performs no further translation. As defined by MSC-Nastran. Notes There are two ways to extract models (without result) from an op2 file: To extract a model in HMASCII format, use the following syntax: hmnasto2 -





The model can be imported into HyperMesh using the HMASCII reader, which can be invoked from the import tab. Or To extract a model in h3d format, use the following syntax: hmnasto2 -

-h3d

–model



The model can be imported into HyperView using the h3d reader. To extract displacements and maximum von Mises stresses from the OUTPUT2 file, use the option -d – von_max. To extract only the maximum values of the data types, use the option -m. For iterative solutions encountered in SOL 106, use the option -iter. Simulation names: hmnasto2 organizes the punch file results into series of simulation names and data types. The simulation names correspond to the LABEL card for SOL101. The corresponding data types are displacements and von Mises stress, for example. If the option -nolabels is selected, the simulation name corresponds to the SUBCASE ID number. The simulation name for SOL106 is SUBCASE # Iter #. For modal frequency response problems, the simulation name is Mode # f #Hz. For modal frequency response problems where the complex part of the eigenvalue is used (SOL 107 and SOL 110), the simulation name is Mode # f #Hz©. For direct frequency response, the simulation name is Subcase #f #.

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Do not use -nolabels for SOL106. Corner options: Use -corner option when STRESS(CORNER) or STRESS(BILIN) is used in the data file. Note that when STRESS(CORNER) is used, Nastran gives corner stresses on a per-element basis. However, hmnasto2 averages the corner stresses at the nodes for adjacent elements. If there is no geometry information in the op2 file, use an additional –bulk option. In general, geometry information is written into the op2 file if PARAM,POST,-2 is used in the input file. For more information regarding geometry information in an op2 file, see Nastran documentation. If the size of the punch file is too large, use the option -disk -size n -file /temp/scratch.tmp, where n corresponds to the maximum number of nodes/elements in the model and scratch.tmp is the scratch file name that hmnasto2 creates in the / temp/ directory. hmnasto2 supports OUTPUT2 files for the following solutions: SOL 101, 103, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111 and 153. hmnasto2 supports the following data block names for PARAM,POST,-1: OQG1, OUGV1, OES1, OEF1, OSTR1, ONRGY1, OES1X and OPG1. hmnasto2 supports the following data block names for PARAM,POST,-2: OQG1, BOUGV1, BOPHIG, OUGV1, OES1, OEF1, OSTR1, ONRGY1, ONRGY2 and OES1X. Use -nosubcman for SOL103 OUTPUT2 files when the HMNASTO2 default is unsatisfactory. To extract only a selected set of modes and subcases, use the option -selsubc or selmodes , where selmodesfile contains the mode numbers and selsubcfile contains the subcase numbers that need to be extracted.

How do I... Post-process Nastran results in HyperMesh Create an h3d file from HyperMesh Create a model file from an op2 file and load the model file Translating Complex Results

See also hmnast

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hmnastf06 hmnastopt Nastran Interface Overview

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To create a model file from an op2 file and load the model file Create a model file: From the command line, type: hmnasto2

[arguments]







Load the model file: 1.

From the File menu, select Import....

2.

Set the Import type: field to FE Model.

3.

Set the File type: field to HMASCII.

4.

In the File: field, browse to select the file to open.

5.

Click Apply.

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hmnastf06 Utility hmnastf06 translates Nastran *.f06 ASCII files into HyperMesh binary results files. hmnastf06 reads only the GPSTRESS output from the .f06 file for SOL101 analyses. The syntax to run the translator is: hmnastf06 [arguments] where [arguments] are the optional arguments. To obtain the arguments, use the command hmnastf06 -u. hmnastf06 arguments are on by default. Notes: hmnastf06 requires that FIBRE ALL is used in the SURFACE command during analysis hmnastf06 organizes the GPSTRESS results into simulations based on subcase ID and surface ID/ volume ID

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hmnastop Utility hmnastopt translates Nastran SOL 200 punch files into HyperMesh binary results files. hmnastopt requires the following options in the dat file: DISPLACEMENT(PUNCH) = ALL STRESS(PUNCH) = ALL ANALYSIS = STATICS ANALYSIS = MODES PARAM, DESPCH>0 The syntax to run the translator is: hmnastopt [options] Notes Use the command hmnastopt -u to obtain information about the options. The –h3d flag outputs file to an H3D file instead of to an hmresults file. The file includes model and results information that was translated. The model must contain geometry for it to be output to an H3D file. If the punch file contains the keywords GRID and DESVAR, the option -bulk must be provided To generate HyperMesh compatible x-y plot data (design cycle number vs. thickness), use the option plot

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Translating Complex Results Magnitude and phase values are always used to contour plot the complex results. Therefore, if the Nastran output is in the form of real and imaginary numbers, hmnast and hmnasto2 will calculate the corresponding magnitude and phase. The results will then be obtained using the following equation:

result

magnitude * cos t

phase

You can choose the value of t when viewing the result by specifying the angle on the Contour or Deformed panel.

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To post-process NASTRAN results in HyperMesh: Before viewing the result file, make sure that the model is loaded. The model can be loaded prior to or after translating the result file.

To translate Nastran results: 1.

Click File > Load > Results File.

2.

Browse to select the binary results file generated by the hmnast, hmnast02, or hmnastf06 translator.

3.

Click Open.

To view the contour result: 1.

Open the Contour panel.

2.

Click simulation= to choose simulation title.

3.

Click data type= to choose the data to be simulated.

4.

Click contour to view the smooth transition result. Or Click assign to view the border line result.

To view the deformed result: 1.

Open the Deformed panel.

2.

Click simulation= to choose simulation title.

3.

Click data type= to choose the data to be simulated.

4.

Click deform to view deformation in static condition. Or Click linear to view deformation in dynamic condition.

To view the transient result: 1.

Open the Transient panel.

2.

Click start with= to choose the beginning of the transient simulation.

3.

Click end with= to choose the end of the transient simulation.

4.

Click data type= to choose the data to be simulated.

5.

Click transient.

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Note:

This is applicable for time dependent analysis such as modal analysis (sol 103), etc.

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hmpam Results Translation PAM-CRASH Results Translation PAM-CRASH 2G Results Translation

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PAM-CRASH Results Translation Hmpam no longer requires a license for ESI DSYLIB. hmpam translates information from a PAM-CRASH results file (.DSY file) to a HyperMesh binary results file or to a Hyper3D (.h3d) file. The syntax to run the translator is: hmpam [-h3d] [arguments] [model file] [-options] If the -h3d option is selected, the output file is written in the h3d format and contains model data and results in one file. The selection of the option [model file] is not allowed in this case. hmpam can also translate a model from a PAM-CRASH .THP file. In this case, only the model will be output (no results). In addition, hmpam can also read PAM-CRASH 2G result files. The option [-options] can be repeated, but it must be used as the last option. [arguments] can be any of the following: Flag

Meaning

-d

Displacements

-v

Velocities

-a

Accelerations

-sxx

SXX

-syy

SYY

-szz

SZZ

-sxy

SXY

-syz

SYZ

-szx

SZX

-3S1

Minimum Principal Stress 3-D (for solids only)

-3S2

Maximum Principal Stress 3-D (for solids only)

-3S3

Second Principal Stress 3-D (for solids only)

-mxx

Local bending moment about r-axis

-myy

Local bending moment about s-axis

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Flag

Meaning

-mxy

Local twist bending moment

-m1

Max Principal bending moment

-m2

Min Principal bending moment

-nxx

Local membrane stress resultant in r-direction

-nyy

Local membrane stress resultant in s-direction

-nxy

Local in-plane shear membrane stress resultant

-n1

Max. Principal membrane stress resultant

-n2

Min. Principal membrane stress resultant

-eple

Equivalent Plastic Strain

-epma

Maximum plastic strain over thickness

-epmi

Minimum plastic strain over thickness

-epsi

Lower and upper surface strain tensors

-sigm

Lower and upper and middle surface stress tensors

-thic

Resultant Shell Thickness

-thin

Resultant Shell Thinning

-esma

Maximum equivalent stress over thickness

-esmi

Minimum equivalent stress over thickness

-faxi

Force in local R-direction

-fssh

Force in local S-direction

-ftsh

Force in local T-direction

-mtor

Flexion bending moment about local u-direction

-msn1

Directional dependency function for flexion moment

-mtn1

Torsion bending moment about local T-direction

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Flag

Meaning

-msn2

Resultant damping moment

-mtn2

Resultant friction moment

-daxi

Axial elongation in R direction

-rtor

Torsion angle about local r axis

-rsn1

Bending rotation angle about local S-axis at node 1

-rtn1

Bending rotation angle about local T-axis at node 1

-rsn2

Bending rotation angle about local S-axis at node 2

-rtn2

Bending rotation angle about local T-axis at node 2

-stepN

Step increment N, where N is a positive integer. (default N=1)

-disk

Translation is performed on disk

-file

Scratch file name

-options

[Filename] gives the file name for the options file. Syntax is described below.

-h3d

Outputs file to an H3D file instead of to an hmresults file. The file includes model and results information that was translated. The model must contain geometry for it to be output to an H3D file.

The following options can also be used: Flag

Meaning

-disk

Translation is performed on disk (default off)

-size

Number of entities (1000 default)

-file

Scratch file name (default off)

-u

Usage, gives this help

The following parameters are also available when the results translation is not performed on the analysis

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machine. You may need to specify one of these parameters to indicate where the analysis result file was created: Parameter

Analysis File Created On

-cray

Cray

-dec

Dec 5000

-decalpha

Dec Alpha

-hp

Hewlett Packard

-ibm

IBM RS\6000

-pc

PC

-sgi

SGI

-sun

Sun

The supported results include the following: nodal Displacements Velocities Accelerations

bricks Sigma - xx Sigma - yy Sigma - zz Sigma - xy Sigma - yz Sigma - zx Minimum Principal Stresss 3-D Maximum Principal Stress 3-D Second Principal Stress 3-D

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EPLE: Equivalent Plastic Strain

beams (the definitions of the following variables depend on the material type) FAXI FSSH FTSH MTOR MSN1 MTN1 MSN2 MTN2 DAXI RTOR RSN1 RTN1 RSN2 RTN2

tools Thickness

shells MXX - Local bending moment about r-axis MYY - Local bending moment about s-axis MXY - Local twist bending moment M1 - Maximum Principal bending moment M2 - Minimum Principal bending moment NXX - Local membrane stress resultant in r-direction NYY - Local membrane stress resultant in s-direction NXY - Local in-plane shear membrane stress resultant N1 - Maximum Principal membrane stress resultant

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N2 - Minimum. Principal membrane stress resultant EPMA - Maximum plastic strain over thickness EPMI - Minimum plastic strain over thickness THIC - Resultant shell thickness THIN - Resultant shell thinning (for stamp only) ESMA - Maximum equivalent stress over thickness (von Mises) ESMI - Minimum equivalent stress over thickness (von Mises) EPLE - Equivalent plastic strain EPSI - Lower and Upper surface strain tensors SIGM- Lower, Upper, and Middle surface stress tensors

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Viewing the Results If the model file option is selected, an ASCII model file is created. You can use this ASCII model file to view the model in HyperMesh. After importing the model file, you can view the results by clicking on the Post page, which contains the Contour and the Transient panels. The results can be viewed as a contour or an assign plot, or as a transient animation.

How do I... Import the model file

See also PAM-CRASH Interface Overview Results Translation

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Reading XY-Plotting Data from the THP (DSY) File External readers, hgthp.exe and hgdaisy.exe, no longer require a license for ESI DSYLIB. These readers can also read result files (.DSY and .THP) generated by PAM-CRASH 2G. The following entities are supported: In PAM 2000, the PAM-CRASH and PAM-SAFE options For solid elements, only the first seven variables of table A in the PAM 2000 Notes Manual, Plot Output 5, (output qualifiers SXYZ and EPLE) For shell and membrane elements, only the first fourteen variables of table A in the PAM 2000 Notes Manual, Plot Output 7, (output qualifiers MXYZ to STRA) New reader, hgdaisy, can read dsy files The following entities are not supported: In PAM 2000, the PAM-STAMP option

See also PAM-CRASH Interface Overview

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hgthp.exe hgthp external reader reads PAM-CRASH THP files (time history files generated by the solver) into HyperGraph. It can also be run from command prompt for converting PAM-CRASH THP files into Altair binary files (abf). In addition this reader can also read ASCII files generated by exporting curves from PAMVIEW. An ESI license is not required for this reader. Usage Running from the command prompt

thpfile outfile

Running in HyperGraph

By default this reader is registered. If it is not, register it before reading THP files. It is located in HWDIR\externalreaders\bin\$PLATFORM\plot. When the reader is registered, you can read THP files or PAMVIEW ASCII files directly into HyperGraph.

The following entities are supported: In PAM 2000, the PAM-CRASH and PAM-SAFE options For solid elements, only the first seven variables of table A in the PAM 2000 Notes Manual, Plot Output 5, (output qualifiers SXYZ and EPLE) For shell and membrane elements, only the first fourteen variables of table A in the PAM 2000 Notes Manual, Plot Output 7, (output qualifiers MXYZ to STRA) For beam and bar elements, only the first fourteen variables of table A in the PAM 2000 Notes Manual, Plot Output 13, (output qualifiers FAXI to RTN2) Results for nodal time histories, transmission sections, airbags, airbag chambers, airbag walls, materials, contacts, and rigid walls are also supported.

The following entities are not supported: In PAM 2000, the PAM-STAMP option

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hgdaisy.exe The hgdaisy external reader reads PAM-CRASH DSY files (result files generated by the solver) into HyperGraph. It can also be run from the command prompt for converting PAM-CRASH DSY files into Altair binary files (.abf). An ESI license is not required for this reader.

Usage Running from the command prompt

hgdaisy

Running in HyperGraph

By default this reader is registered. If it is not, register it before reading DSY files. It is located in HWDIR\externalreaders\bin\$PLATFORM\plot.

dsyfile

outfile

When the reader is registered, you can read DSY files directly into HyperGraph.

For NODES the following results are supported: Displacements Velocities Accelerations For BEAMS and BARS the following results are supported: FAXI-Axial force FSSH-Transverse S Shear force FTSH-Transverse T shear force MTOR-Torsion moment MSN1-S moment at n1 MTN1-T moment at n1 MSN2-S moment at n2 MTN2-T moment at n2 For SHELLS the following results are supported: MXX- Local bending moment about x-axis MYY- Local bending moment about y-axis MXY- Local twisting moment in xy plane EPMA- Maximum plastic strain over thickness

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EPMI- Minimum plastic strain over thickness NXX- Local membrane stress resultant in x-direction NYY- Local membrane stress resultant in y-direction NXY- Local in-plane shear membrane stress resultant THIC-Resultant shell thickness For SOLIDS the following results are supported: SXX-Stress in X-direction SYY-Stress in Y-direction SZZ-Stress in Z-direction SXY-Shear stress in XY-direction SYZ-Shear stress in YZ-direction SZX-Shear stress in ZX-direction EPLE-Equivalent plastic strain For TOOLS the following results are supported: THIC- Resultant shell thickness Note::

Stamp options are not currently supported.

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PAM-CRASH 2G Results Translation hmpam no longer requires a license for ESI DSYLIB. hmpam translates information from a PAM-CRASH 2G results file (.DSY file) to a HyperMesh binary results file or to a Hyper3D (.h3d) file. The syntax to run the translator is: hmpam [-h3d] [arguments] [model file] [-options] If the -h3d option is selected, the output file is written in the h3d format and contains model data and results in one file. The selection of the option [model file] is not allowed in this case. hmpam can also translate a model from a PAM-CRASH 2G THP file. In this case, only the model is output (no results). hmpam can also read dsy/thp files from PAM-CRASH 2003/2004 version. The option [-options] can be repeated, but it must be used as the last option. [arguments] can be any of the following: Flag

Meaning

-d

Displacements

-v

Velocities

-a

Accelerations

-sxx

SXX

-syy

SYY

-szz

SZZ

-sxy

SXY

-syz

SYZ

-szx

SZX

-3S1

Minimum Principal Stress 3-D (for solids only)

-3S2

Maximum Principal Stress 3-D (for solids only)

-3S3

Second Principal Stress 3-D (for solids only)

-mxx

Local bending moment about r-axis

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Flag

Meaning

-myy

Local bending moment about s-axis

-mxy

Local twist bending moment

-m1

Maximum Principal bending moment

-m2

Minimum Principal bending moment

-nxx

Local membrane stress resultant in r-direction

-nyy

Local membrane stress resultant in s-direction

-nxy

Local in-plane shear membrane stress resultant

-n1

Maximum Principal membrane stress resultant

-n2

Minimum Principal membrane stress resultant

-eple

Equivalent Plastic Strain

-epma

Maximum plastic strain over thickness

-epmi

Minimum plastic strain over thickness

-epsi

Lower and upper surface strain tensors

-sigm

Lower and upper and middle surface stress tensors

-thic

Resultant Shell Thickness

-thin

Resultant Shell Thinning

-esma

Maximum equivalent stress over thickness

-esmi

Minimum equivalent stress over thickness

-faxi

Force in local R-direction

-fssh

Force in local S-direction

-ftsh

Force in local T-direction

-mtor

Flexion bending moment about local u-direction

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Flag

Meaning

-msn1

Directional dependency function for flexion moment

-mtn1

Torsion bending moment about local T-direction

-msn2

Resultant damping moment

-mtn2

Resultant friction moment

-stepN

Step increment N, where N is a positive integer (default N=1)

-disk

Translation is performed on disk

-file

Scratch file name

-options

[Filename] gives the filename for the options file. Syntax is described below.

-h3d

Outputs file to an H3D file instead of an hmresults file. The file includes model and results information that was translated. The model must contain geometry for it to be output to an H3D file.

The following options can also be used: Flag

Meaning

-disk

Translation is performed on disk (default off)

-size

Number of entities (10000 default)

-file

Scratch file name (default off)

-u

Usage, gives this help

The following parameters are also available when the results translation is not performed on the analysis machine. You may need to specify one of these parameters to indicate where the analysis result file was created. Parameter

Analysis File Created On

-cray

Cray

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-dec

Dec 5000

-decalpha

Dec Alpha

-hp

Hewlett Packard

-ibm

IBM RS\6000

-pc

PC

-sgi

SGI

-sun

Sun

The supported results include the following: nodal Displacements Velocities Accelerations

bricks Sigma - xx Sigma - yy Sigma - zz Sigma - xy Sigma - yz Sigma - zx Minimum Principal Stresss 3-D Maximum Principal Stress 3-D Second Principal Stress 3-D EPLE: Equivalent Plastic Strain

beams (the definitions of the following variables depend on the material type) FAXI FSSH

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FTSH MTOR MSN1 MTN1 MSN2 MTN2 DAXI RTOR RSN1 RTN1 RSN2 RTN2

tools Thickness

shells MXX - Local bending moment about r-axis MYY - Local bending moment about s-axis MXY - Local twist bending moment M1 - Maximum Principal bending moment M2 - Minimum Principal bending moment NXX - Local membrane stress resultant in r-direction NYY - Local membrane stress resultant in s-direction NXY - Local in-plane shear membrane stress resultant N1 - Maximum Principal membrane stress resultant N2 - Minimum. Principal membrane stress resultant EPMA - Maximum plastic strain over thickness EPMI - Minimum plastic strain over thickness THIC - Resultant shell thickness THIN - Resultant shell thinning (for stamp only)

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ESMA - Maximum equivalent stress over thickness (von Mises) ESMI - Minimum equivalent stress over thickness (von Mises) EPLE - Equivalent plastic strain EPSI - Lower and Upper surface strain tensors SIGM- Lower, Upper, and Middle surface stress tensors

See also Selection of components and timesteps

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Viewing the Results If the model file option is selected while translating results using hmpam translator, an ASCII model file is also created. You can use this ASCII model file to view the model in HyperMesh. After importing the model file, you can view the results by clicking on the Post page, which contains the Contour and the Transient panels. The results can be viewed as a contour or an assign plot, or as a transient animation.

How do I... Import the model file

See also PAM-CRASH 2G Interface Overview Results Translation

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Reading XY-Plotting Data from the THP (DSY) File External readers, hgthp.exe and hgdaisy.exe, no longer require a license for ESI DSYLIB. The following entities are supported: PAM-CRASH 2G and PAM-SAFE options For solid elements, only the first seven variables of table A in the PAM2G Notes Manual, Plot Output 5, (output qualifiers SXYZ and EPLE) For shell and membrane elements, only the first 14 variables of table A in the PAM2G Notes Manual, Plot Output 7, (output qualifiers MXYZ to STRA) Hgthp and hgdaisy readers can also read result files from PAM-CRASH 2003/2004 version. The following entities are not supported: PAM-STAMP option

See also PAM-CRASH 2G Interface Overview

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hgthp.exe The hgdaisy external reader reads PAM-CRASH 2G DSY files (result files generated by the solver) into HyperGraph. You can also run it from the command prompt to convert PAM-CRASH 2G DSY files into Altair binary files (.abf). An ESI license is not required for this reader. Usage Running from the command prompt

hgdaisy

Running in HyperGraph

By default, this reader is registered. If it is not, register it before reading DSY files. It is located in HWDIR\externalreaders\bin\$PLAFORM\plot.

dsyfile

outfile

When the reader is registered, you can read DSY files directly into HyperGraph.

For NODES, the following results are supported: Displacements Velocities Accelerations

For BEAMS and BARS, the following results are supported: FAXI-Axial force FSSH-Transverse S Shear force FTSH-Transverse T shear force MTOR-Torsion moment MSN1-S moment at n1 MTN1-T moment at n1 MSN2-S moment at n2 MTN2-T moment at n2

For SHELLS, the following results are supported: MXX- Local bending moment about x-axis MYY- Local bending moment about y-axis MXY- Local twisting moment in xy plane

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EPMA- Maximum plastic strain over thickness EPMI- Minimum plastic strain over thickness NXX- Local membrane stress resultant in x-direction NYY- Local membrane stress resultant in y-direction NXY- Local in-plane shear membrane stress resultant THIC-Resultant shell thickness

For SOLIDS, the following results are supported: SXX-Stress in X-direction SYY-Stress in Y-direction SZZ-Stress in Z-direction SXY-Shear stress in XY-direction SYZ-Shear stress in YZ-direction SZX-Shear stress in ZX-direction EPLE-Equivalent plastic strain

For TOOLS, the following results are supported THIC- Resultant shell thickness

Note:

Stamp options are not currently supported.

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hgdaisy.exe The hgdaisy external reader reads PAM-CRASH 2G DSY files (result files generated by the solver) into HyperGraph. You can also run it from the command prompt to convert PAM-CRASH 2G DSY files into Altair binary files (.abf). An ESI license is not required for this reader. Usage Running from the command prompt

hgdaisy

Running in HyperGraph

By default, this reader is registered. If it is not, register it before reading DSY files. It is located in HWDIR\externalreaders\bin\$PLAFORM\plot.

dsyfile

outfile

When the reader is registered, you can read DSY files directly into HyperGraph.

For NODES, the following results are supported: Displacements Velocities Accelerations

For BEAMS and BARS, the following results are supported: FAXI-Axial force FSSH-Transverse S Shear force FTSH-Transverse T shear force MTOR-Torsion moment MSN1-S moment at n1 MTN1-T moment at n1 MSN2-S moment at n2 MTN2-T moment at n2

For SHELLS, the following results are supported: MXX- Local bending moment about x-axis MYY- Local bending moment about y-axis MXY- Local twisting moment in xy plane

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EPMA- Maximum plastic strain over thickness EPMI- Minimum plastic strain over thickness NXX- Local membrane stress resultant in x-direction NYY- Local membrane stress resultant in y-direction NXY- Local in-plane shear membrane stress resultant THIC-Resultant shell thickness

For SOLIDS, the following results are supported: SXX-Stress in X-direction SYY-Stress in Y-direction SZZ-Stress in Z-direction SXY-Shear stress in XY-direction SYZ-Shear stress in YZ-direction SZX-Shear stress in ZX-direction EPLE-Equivalent plastic strain

For TOOLS, the following results are supported THIC- Resultant shell thickness

Note:

Stamp options are not currently supported.

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PERMAS Results Translation Because PERMAS can write out a HyperView .h3d file, there is no need to perform result translation in HyperMesh for PERMAS analyses. Refer to the HyperView online help for more information about postprocessing.

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RADIOSS (Fixed Format) Results Translation Results translation is the process of translating data contained in a results file into a HyperMesh binary results database. HyperMesh contains an external results translator for each of the supported analysis codes. The external results translator reads data from a solver results file and writes a HyperMesh binary results file. Results translation is performed at the operating system prompt, outside of HyperMesh. The HyperMesh results translators have a UNIX-style interface. This interface allows the translator to use features found in the UNIX and MS-DOS operating systems. You can start a results translator by two methods: through the Solver panel in HyperMesh or at a command prompt. To start a translator in HyperMesh, click solver from the Checks menu to open the Solver panel. Input values in the fields and click solve to start the translator. To start a translator at a command prompt, use the following syntax: [arguments] Where:

The name of the HyperMesh translator to run.



A list of arguments that modify the execution of the translator. This list is specific to each of the translators. For a list of the available arguments, type in the translator name with the -u option.



The file containing the results in the analysis code format.



The file containing the results in HyperMesh format.



The file that is created and contains the model found in the results database. This feature is available on some of the HyperMesh translators. To find those translators, use the -u option.

If the input filename and output filename are not specified, the translator translates the results file from standard input to standard output. This is useful when the results file to be translated is compressed. You can uncompress the results file and send it to the translator, which outputs the results into a file. This is illustrated below: filepress run1.prs | hmnast > run1.res

Other Conversion Tools There are two additional conversion tools available in the following location in the HyperWorks installation directory: \io\translators\bin\WIN32\

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hmresdmp.exe converts an existing HyperMesh binary .res file into ASCII data hmgenres.exe converts a basic ASCII-formatted results file into a binary .res file. Refer to these tools’ online help topics for more information.

See also Mass Calculation Output Translation Standard Arguments hmgenres hmresdmp

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Analysis Results Files HyperMesh does not read analysis results files directly. External translators are provided to convert the analysis-specific results into HyperMesh results format. You can also create your own specialized results translators with the tools provided. The following table lists the supported analysis code results files and their corresponding results translators: Analysis Code

Analysis Filenames or Extensions

Results Translator

Abaqus (BINARY OR ASCII)

.fil, .fin

hmabaqus

ANSYS

.rst, .rth

hmansys

LS-DYNA3D

d3plot

RADIOSS (MOVIE BYU)

prefix00

hmmovie

MSC/Nastran (ASCII)

.pch

hmnast

MSC/Nastran (BINARY)

Output2, .op2

hmnasto2

MSC/Nastran (SOL 200)

.pch

hmnastopt

PAMCRASH

.dsy

hmpam

ANSYS

FILE12

hmansys

RADIOSS

prefix.D00

GENERIC/USER

any

Note:

hmasl

Results translators can be used in HyperMesh or at the command line.

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RADIOSS (Bulk Data Format) Results Translation RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct can output HyperMesh binary results file directly when the HyperMesh output format is chosen. RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct can also output results in the Nastran punch (.pch) and output2 (.op2) formats. These results can be translated to the HyperMesh results format using the hmnast and hmnasto2 translators, respectively.

See also RADIOSS (Bulk Data), OptiStruct Interface

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Specifying the Results File In order to perform post-processing functions, you must first specify the name and location of the results database. There are two ways to select a results file: Click File > Load Results File icon and select the .res file. In the Global panel, for results file:, enter the path and name of the results file or click browse... to select a file using the browser.

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Creating Deformed Geometry Plots The Deformed panel allows you to display the deformed geometry of your model statically, in either wire frame or hidden line mode. The selected simulation must have a data type in it that contains nodal displacement records. It is from the data contained with the nodal displacement records that allows the calculation of the deformed geometry of the structure.

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Creating Animations The animation functions allow you to view your model structure in motion. The three types of animation include linear, modal, and transient. Linear

Linear animation creates and displays an animation sequence that starts with the original position of the structure and ends with the fully deformed position of the structure. An appropriate number of frames are linearly interpolated between the first and the last positions. Linear animation is usually selected when results are from a static analysis. Linear animation sequences are generated in the Deformed panel.

Modal

Modal animation creates and displays an animation sequence that starts and ends with the original position of the structure. The deforming frames are calculated based on a sinusoidal function. Modal animation is most useful for displaying mode shapes. Modal animation sequences are generated in the Deformed panel.

Transient

Transient animation displays the structure in its timestep positions as calculated by the analysis code. Transient animation is used to animate the transient response of a structure. Transient animation sequences are generated in the Transient panel.

The selected simulations must include a data type that contains nodal displacement records in order to create an animation sequence. HyperMesh calculates the deformed geometry of the structure from the data contained within the nodal displacement records. For linear and modal animation, HyperMesh uses only one simulation and this simulation must include a data type that contains nodal displacement records. For transient animation, HyperMesh uses a range of simulations. In this case, each of the simulations used in the animation sequence must include a data type that contains nodal displacement records.

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Creating Vector Plots A vector plot displays the model with a vector at each node that has a result-based direction and magnitude. Vector plots are used to determine the direction of movement and allow you to verify the location of the center of rotation of a model. See the Vector Plot panel for more information.

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Creating Contour Plots The contour function in the Contour panel generates color bands on a model, based on the values found in the results file. The bands of color are created by calculating a value for each node in the model and then interpolating across each element. The results file must include a simulation that contains one of the three forms of data types. Each data type is handled differently when it is used to generate a contour plot. When a contour function is performed, the objective is to take all of the results and place them at the nodes of the elements. In order to accomplish this, HyperMesh may have to average results before it can display the contour plot. nodal values and displacements

The results are stored at the nodes. HyperMesh can create the contour plot without modifying any of the values in the results file.

element values

The values are located at the centroid of the element. HyperMesh averages the centroidal element values to the nodes of the elements. You should be aware that averaging is taking place when element centroid values are used to create a contour plot.

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Creating Assigned Plots The assign function in the Contour panel assigns a color to each element in the model, based on the values in the results file. The elements are then displayed in the solid color assigned to them. This allows you to display elements that have values within a specified range. The results file must include a simulation that contains one of the three forms of data types. Each data type is handled differently when it is used to generate a contour plot. When the assign function is performed, the objective is to take all of the results and place them at the centroid of the elements. In order to accomplish this, HyperMesh may have to average results before it can display the assigned plot. element values

The results are already stored at the centroid of the element, so no further calculations are required.

nodal values and displacements

HyperMesh averages the results at the nodes to the centroid of the elements. For each element, this is accomplished by adding the results at each node and dividing by the number of nodes on the element. You should be aware that averaging is taking place when nodal values or nodal displacements are being used to create an assigned plot.

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Adding Plot Identification After you create a results-based plot, you can add titles, modify the colors used in the legend, and relocate the legend and the descriptor. Temporary titles can be added to each type of plot by entering a title in the title = field in the Contour panel. After you enter the title and create the plot, the temporary title is displayed on the upper left side of the screen. HyperMesh creates the "descriptor" in order to display the simulation and data type that were used to create the plot. By default, the descriptor is located in the upper left-hand corner of the plot above the legend. To modify the descriptor, click within the descriptor to access the Title Edit panel, click color to change the color of the text of the descriptor, click font and select the size font you want to use in the descriptor. HyperMesh plots a legend if the results-based plot created requires it. To modify a legend, click within the displayed legend to access the Legend Edit panel. Functions on this panel allow you to move the legend to a different location on the screen, change the color of the text in the legend, reverse the colors of the legend, change the font size, and also change the colors used in the legend that correspond to the model.

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Inspecting the Results A contour or assigned plot provides a fast, convenient way of viewing the results of a large number of elements. When you want to determine the actual value that an analysis code has calculated for a node or element, you can select the node or element after the results-based plot has been created. The ID, simulation and data type, and value of the node or element are displayed in the menu area.

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Free Body Diagrams Location:

Results menu, Free Body Diagram sub-menu (to access the tools) Tool menu (to access the Set Browser only) Tab Area (for the tools themselves)

You can create or edit Free Body Diagrams (FBD) using several tools that display in the tab area. Each FBD tool displays on a separate tab, which opens when you activate that tool. Free Body Diagram (FBD) utilities facilitate the extraction and post-processing of Grid Point Force (GPFORCE) results. FBD extractions are typically utilized for breakout and/or sub-modeling analysis schemes, where balanced "free body" sub-cases are extracted from a coarse grid model and applied to a fine grid sub-model for eventual optimization and/or analysis. FBD is also used to extract cross-sectional resultant forces and moments (typically at the centroid of a cross-section) for use in traditional strength calculations.

This coarse grid model is typical for FBD extractions.

Typical FBD – Forces output on a w ing rib

Typical Result Force and Moment output on a floor beam

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Each tool has a separate entry in the menu. Click the links below for details on the use of each tool: Displacements Forces Cross-section manager Resultant Force and Moment Results Manager Export Manager

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FBD Displacements Location:

Post menu, Free Body Diagram sub-menu (to access the tool). Tab Area (for the tool itself)

The FBD Displacements utility extracts displacement data for user defined node set(s), and is useful for doing breakout modeling within a sub-modeling scheme. After you define an element set with an associated node set, all appropriate displacements and rotations are extracted. Results can be output to load collectors for graphical review, a text summary table, and a formatted .csv file which can be loaded into traditional spreadsheet software packages.

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To extract displacement data for a user-defined node set 1.

From the Post pull-down menu, select Free Body, then Displacements. The FBD Displacements tab displays in the tab area.

2.

Use the .op2/.odb file: field to specify the full path and filename of the results file containing the displacement output for the current model. Clicking on the folder icon opens the standard file selection dialog window for browsing files. Once an results file is selected, loadstep names and IDs with displacement output are saved with the rest of the HyperMesh database for use with all FBD utilities. If a new results file is required, or if the original results file changes, you must load the new results file into the database (overwriting the previously selected one).

3.

Select a loadstep. This lets you specify from which loadstep(s) to extract displacement information. Only loadsteps with displacement results from the currently selected results file display for selection. You can select multiple loadsteps by ctrl-clicking or shift-clicking. Filter buttons allow for additional selection control, including a name filter that uses standard HyperMesh filtering syntax. The loadstep display can be switched between ID and Name (ID). The ID option lists the loadsteps as "SUB-CASE #". The Name (ID) option lists the loadstep as "SUBTITLE - LABEL(ID)". If no SUBTITLE exists, only the LABEL is used. See the OptiStruct online reference guide for more information regarding SUBTITLE and LABEL loadstep information cards.

4.

Select entities. The entity selection section allows you to select and/or create the appropriate entities required to execute the FBD Displacements utility. There are several options: The Element Set selector defines the elements that contain the nodes at which displacement data will be extracted. The Set Browser utility on the Tools menu can be used to create the necessary element sets. The Node Set selector defines the nodes at which displacement data will be extracted. Only the nodes contained within the selected node set will be part of the extraction. If a node set is not selected, then all nodes within the element set are used. The Auto find interface nodes option automatically finds the nodes attached to elements that are not contained within the currently selected element set. This procedure selects the nodes interfacing with the remainder of the structure. You will be prompted to give the newly created node set a name. Additional nodes may be added to the node set once it is created by clicking the Node Set selector and picking additional nodes. The Show model checkbox is a graphical review option that, when checked, automatically displays the entire model in transparency mode and highlights the currently selected element and node sets. This functionality allows you to verify which element and node sets are currently selected.

5.

Choose Output options: The Output options section contains various options to review and display results of FBD Displacement extractions. The Coordinate System selector determines the coordinate system used to display the nodal

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coordinates (x,y,z) in the summary table and .csv file output options. Displacement data (Ux, Uy, …) is always output in the system that the results are stored with in the results file format. Results coordinate system transformations are not performed on displacement data. The FBD Displacement utility extracts and applies the displacement and rotation results from the results file in the output coordinate system without any further coordinate system transformations. It is assumed that the output coordinate system assigned to each node in the HyperMesh database matches that used to run the analysis and generate the results file. Output coordinate systems are defined in HyperMesh by accessing the Systems panel. On the Setup menu, click Coordinate Systems, and toggle to the assign sub-panel, select the required nodes and a coordinate system, and click Set Analysis. In OptiStruct and Nastran this operation sets the CD field on the GRID card (s). See the OptiStruct online reference guide for more information regarding the GRID bulk data card. If the output coordinate systems for each node in the HyperMesh database does not match those used to run the analysis then the extracted values will be incorrect. Situations when this behavior could occur include modification of nodal output system within HyperMesh without rerunning the analysis and/or loading a results file that does not match the currently loaded model. If a coordinate system is not specified, the HyperMesh "base" system is used by default. The Zero Tolerance entry defines the cut-off point below which a result quantity is considered zero. All calculations are done with float point precision and the zero tolerance value is only used for controlling the output of results to the various formats. The option helps to eliminate "relatively small" values from being output to the result formats. To maintain float precision the default is set to 1.0e-6, otherwise modify the value as desired. The Create Load Collectors option will extract the specified displacement data and display it in organized load collectors within HyperMesh for graphical visualization within the model window5. A single load collector, for the current element and node set, is created for each loadstep. The load collector name format is FBDD_E(#)_N(#)_S(#)_Disp. For example, FBDD_E(1)_N(1)_S(1)_Disp would be created for element set 1, node set 1 and loadstep 1. The loads in this load collector are created with the SPC load type. This collector can be referenced as the SPC in the loadstep panel. The Create SPCD option will additionally create a load collector with the name "FBDD_E(#)_N(#)_S (#)_SPCD". Loads in this collector are created with the SPCD load type. This collector can be referenced as the LOAD in the loadstep panel. The Color option allows you to choose a color for all created load collectors. This color can be modified later using either the HyperMesh interface or the FBD Results Manager utility. The Show summary table option outputs the results to a popup window for instant review. The table contains information about the loadsteps, element and node set(s), and detailed displacement data at each node. A sample window with partial output is shown below.

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The Create .csv file option creates a .csv file that contains the same information as the summary table, but in a comma-separated file. You may select a new file or an existing file. If an existing file is selected there are several items to note: If the data you are extracting already exists in the file (based on element set, node set and loadstep IDs), the existing block will be overwritten with the new data. If it does not exist, it will be appended to the end of the file. In any case, you will be warned that the file already exists and asked if you want to replace it. Selecting yes will not overwrite the file; it will append/replace the data.

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FBD Forces Location:

Results menu, Free Body Diagram sub-menu (to access the tool). Tab Area (for the tool itself)

The FBD Forces utility extracts grid point force (GPFORCE) data (including forces and moments) for a userdefined element set, and is useful for doing breakout modeling within a sub-modeling scheme. Results can be output to load collectors for graphical review, a text summary table, and/or a formatted Comma-Separated Values (.csv) file which can be loaded into traditional spreadsheet software packages. The FBD Forces utility is broken down into three major sections, each of which corresponds with the process order of using the tool.

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To select a results file Click on the folder icon inside of the op2/.odb file field. This opens the standard file selection dialog window; use this to browse to and select the desired results file. The op2/.odb file field accepts the full path and filename of the results file that contains the GPFORCE output for the current model. Once you’ve selected an results file, loadstep names and IDs with GPFORCE output are saved to the database for use with all FBD utilities. The loadstep name and ID information is retained within the HyperMesh database once saved. If a new results file is required (or if the original results file changes) you must load the new results file into the database, overwriting the previously selected.

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To select a sub-case The loadstep section lets you specify from which loadstep(s) to extract GPFORCE information. Loadsteps with GPFORCE results from the currently selected.results file are displayed for selection only. Multiple loadsteps can be selected via Ctrl-click or Shift-click functionality. Filter buttons allow for additional selection control as shown including a name filter that uses standard filtering syntax. The loadstep list can be switched between ID and Name (ID). The ID option lists the loadsteps in the format SUBCASE #. The Name (ID) option lists the loadstep in the format SUBTITLE – LABEL (ID). If no SUBTITLE exists, only the LABEL is used. See the OptiStruct online reference guide for more information regarding SUBTITLE and LABEL loadstep information cards.

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To select entities 1.

Use the Element Set selector to define the elements that make up the free body and contain the nodes at which GPFORCE data will be extracted. The Set Browser tool can be used to create the necessary element sets.

2.

Use the Result System selector to define the coordinate system into which the grid point force and moment result vectors are transformed and output. If a results system is not specified, the HyperMesh "base" system is used by default. The FBD Forces utility extracts grid point force and moment results from an results file in the output coordinate system in which the solver output these results. HyperMesh assumes that the output coordinate system assigned to each node in the HyperMesh database matches that used to run the analysis and generate the results file. Output coordinate systems are defined in HyperMesh by accessing the Systems panel. On the assign subpanel, select the required nodes and a coordinate system, and click Set Analysis. In OptiStruct and Nastran this operation sets the CD field on the GRID card(s). (See the OptiStruct online reference guide for more information regarding the GRID bulk data card.) If the output coordinate systems for each node in the HyperMesh database do not match those used to run the analysis, the extracted values will be incorrect. This could occur when modifying a nodal output system within HyperMesh without rerunning the analysis and, or when loading a results file that does not match the currently loaded model. In addition, results coming from, or output to, cylindrical or spherical result coordinate systems should be inspected for validity near the origin and along principal axes.

3.

Use the Summation Node selector to define the node about which the GPFORCE data is summed for the selected element set. This is useful for verifying free body behavior through zero-sum values for all force and moment components about any node. It is also useful for calculating the result of applied or reaction forces about any node. If a node is not selected, the HyperMesh origin (0,0,0) is used by default.

4.

Activate the Show Model checkbox to automatically display the entire model in transparency mode while highlighting the currently selected element set, result system and summation node. This allows you to verify which element sets is currently selected.

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To specify output options 1.

Use the FBD type selector to determine the grid point force and moment data to extract and utilize for FBD calculations for each node in the selected element set. Available options include All Loads, Applied Loads Only, and Reaction Loads Only. All Loads extracts and utilizes all element contribution, applied, SPC, and supported MPC grid point data for FBD calculations on the nodes in the selected element set. Applied Loads Only extracts and utilizes only the applied loads grid point data for FBD calculations on the nodes in the selected element set. Reaction Loads Only extracts and utilizes only SPC and supported MPC grid point data for FBD calculations on nodes in the selected set. MPC force and moment data are properly extracted for the following MPC constraint types: RBE2, RBE3, Rigidlink, RJOINT, RROD, and RBAR.

2.

Use the Zero Tolerance entry field to define the cut-off point below which a result quantity is considered zero. All calculations are performed with floating point precision and the zero tolerance value is only used to control the output of results to the various formats. This option helps to prevent relatively small values from being output to the result formats. To maintain floating-point precision the default is set to 1.0e-6; modify the value as desired.

3.

Use the Create Load Collectors option to extract the specified grid point data and display it in organized load collectors for visualization in the model window. Multiple load collectors are created — one for each force and moment component — for each selected loadstep of the current element set. The load collector name format is "FBDF_E(#)_S(#)_(compID)". For example FBDF_E(1)_S(1)_Fx would be created for element set 1, loadstep 1, and component Fx. In addition a load collector with the Nastran/OptiStruct LOAD card is also created, referencing the component force and moment load collectors. This load collector is named "FBDF_E(#)_S(#)_C" and can be referenced in the loadstep panel as the LOAD entry for the various loadstep definitions. The Color option allows you to choose a color for all created load collectors. This color can be modified later using either the interface or the FBD Results Manager utility. The FBD Results Manager can be used to review the load collectors generated from FBD Forces utility. When you save the database, all FBD Forces load collectors are saved to the database. This allows FBD information to be reviewed and utilized in the future without having to rerun the tool. Renumbering element or node sets after running the tool invalidates the link between the load collector names and the associated sets; therefore it is important to avoid renumbering any element or node sets for which FBD result must be retained as load collectors in HyperMesh.

4.

To output the results to a popup window for instant review, activate the Show summary table option. The table contains information about the loadsteps, element set(s), and detailed data from the grid point extraction at each node. A sample window with partial output is shown below.

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5.

Use the Create .csv file option to create a .csv file that contains the same information as the summary table, but in a comma-separated file. You may select a new file or an existing file. If an existing file is selected, it is appended to, and there are several items to note: If the data you are extracting already exists in the file (based on element set, loadstep IDs), the existing block will be overwritten with the new data. If it does not exist, it will be appended to the end of the file. You are asked if you wish to replace the existing file. However, selecting yes will not overwrite the file — it will append/replace the data as described above.

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FBD Cross-section manager Location:

Results menu, Free Body Diagram sub-menu (to access the tool). Tab Area (for the tool itself)

The FBD Cross-section Manager (CSM) utility creates and manages cross-section definitions that are used within the Resultant Force & Moment utility. This utility contains tools for defining cross-sections, which are defined by an element set, node set, summation node, and a local result coordinate system. It also features semi-automatic generation of element and node sets for defining cross-sections. The FBD Cross-section Manager interface has two creation methods available for cross-section definition: manual and (semi-) automatic. The Advanced options section provides the means to semi-automatically create cross-section element and node sets for beam-like structures with regular meshes. This auto-create cross-section capability requires a continuous mesh with rows of nodes (of any orientation) to work properly. The mesh shouldn’t have any discontinuities (holes, gaps, etc…) and must have identifiable rows of nodes, starting from the selected nodes and progressing along the length of the selected elements.

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To define a cross-section manually 1.

Use the Element Set selector to specify the elements containing the nodes that define the crosssection. The Set Browser can be used to create the necessary element sets. If multiple element sets are selected, each set is added to the table as a separate cross-section definition which can be modified later by selection.

2.

Use the Node Set selector to define the nodes in each currently selected element set at which grid point data will be extracted and summed from. Only the nodes contained within the selected node set will be part of the grid point extraction. Use the Set Browser to create the necessary node sets. If multiple node sets are selected for a single element set, HyperMesh adds separate cross-section definitions to the table with the original element set and each selected node set.

3.

Use the Summation Node selector to define the node about which the grid point data will be summed. If no node is selected, the utility defaults to "Centroid". This option calculates the nodal averaged centroid of the coordinates of all of the nodes in the node set and creates a temporary node at that location. When using the "Centroid" option, a temporary node is created. If this node is deleted from the model, the loads associated with that node are also deleted.

4.

Use the Result System selector to define the coordinate system into which the grid point vector results will be transformed and output. If a results system is not specified, the HyperMesh "base" system is used by default.

5.

The Display sections checkbox is a graphical review option that, when checked, displays the element set, node set, result system and summation node which define the cross-section in the graphics display area.

6.

Optional: activate the Show model checkbox. This displays the entire model in transparency mode, highlighting the currently selected element set, node set, result system and summation node. This allows you to verify a cross-section definition.

7.

Optional: use the filter buttons on the top of the spreadsheet to select which cross-sections are required. Standard Ctrl/Shift–click functionality can be used to select cross-sections. Selected cross-sections can also be deleted from the database by using the Remove selection button on the right end of the filter buttons.

Comments Each time a cross-section is created, modified, or deleted, the cross-section data is saved to the database. When the database is saved, all cross-section definitions are also saved. Therefore, cross-section definitions only need to be defined once and stored in the database. Cross-Sections can then be accessed from within the Resultant Force and Moment utility, which utilizes the cross-section definitions to perform these

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calculations. Renumbering element or node sets after running the tool invalidates the link between the cross-section names and the associated sets. Therefore, it is important to avoid renumbering any element or node sets for which cross-sections are to be retained within the database.

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To define a cross-section automatically 1.

Use the Elements selector to choose the elements that define the entire "beam-like" component from which cross-sections will be generated.

2.

Use the Nodes selector to pick nodes for the first node set (i.e. first cross-section). These nodes should be at one end of the beam.

3.

Optional: activate the Show model checkbox to automatically display the entire model in transparency mode, highlighting the currently selected elements and nodes.

4.

Type a prefix for the name of each generated element set into the Element set prefix field. For example, you type in "ESET" each element set will be named ESET [#], where "#" increases with each new set generated.

5.

Type a prefix for the name of each generated node set into the Node set prefix field. For example, you type in "NSET" each element set will be named NSET [#], where "#" increases with each new set generated.

6.

Type a Numbering offset into the text box. This is the offset value for generated set names. By default, the offset value is zero and HyperMesh generates numbered set names starting with one. If the offset value is set to a value greater than zero, the generated set names are numbered starting from that value.

7.

Optional: activate the sets accumulate option This determines whether each progressive set also contains the elements from the previous set, or only the new "row" of elements. If checked, each element set will contain the elements from the previous set.

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FBD Resultant Force and Moment Location:

Results menu, Free Body Diagram sub-menu (to access the tool). Tab Area (for the tool itself)

The Resultant Force and Moment (RF&M) utility extracts grid point force (GPFORCE) data for user defined cross-sections created via the Cross-section Manager. The Resultant Force and Moment utility generates input data for shear and moment (VMT) diagrams and/ or to perform load-case screening with Potato plots in HyperView. Two utilities available within HyperGraph also interact with data generated from the Resultant Force and Moment utility. Results can be output to load collectors for graphical review, a text summary table, and/or a formatted .csv file which can be loaded into traditional spreadsheet software packages.

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To select a results file Use the .op2/.odb file field to specify the full path and filename of the results file containing the desired GPFORCE output for the current model. Clicking on the folder icon opens the standard file selection dialog window for browsing files. When a results file is selected, loadstep names and IDs with GPFORCE output are saved to the database for use with all FBD utilities. The loadstep name and ID information is retained within the database once saved. If a new results file is required, or if the original results file changes, you must load the new results file into the database, overwriting the previously selected.

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To select a sub-case Select the desired loadstep(s) from the list in the loadstep section. The loadstep section lets you specify from which loadstep(s) to extract GPFORCE information. Loadsteps with GPFORCE results from the currently selected results file display for selection only. Multiple loadsteps can be selected by Ctrl-clicking and Shift-clicking. The list can be filtered using the buttons provided, including a name filter that uses standard HyperMesh filtering syntax. The loadstep list can be organized by ID or Name (ID). The ID option lists the loadsteps as "SUBCASE #". The Name (ID) option lists the loadstep as "SUBTITLE – LABEL (ID)". If no SUBTITLE exists, only the LABEL is used. See the OptiStruct online reference guide for more information regarding SUBTITLEand LABEL loadstep information cards.

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To select a cross-section Pick the desired cross-sections from the list in the cross-sections area of the tab. The Cross-sections section lets you specify the cross-sections from which you wish to calculate resultant force and moment results for each selected loadstep. Cross-sections are created using the Cross-section Manager. Multiple cross-sections can be selected by Ctrl-clicking and Shift-clicking. The list can be filtered using the buttons provided, including a name filter that uses standard HyperMesh filtering syntax.

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To specify output options The Output Options section contains various options to review and display the results of Resultant Force and Moment extractions.

1.

Use the Coordinate System selector to determine the coordinate system used to output the nodal coordinates (x,y,z) in the summary table, .csv file, and .fbd file output options. Resultant force and moment vector results are always output in the result coordinate system defined for each cross-section. Result coordinate systems for cross-sections are defined using the Cross-section Manager. If a coordinate system is not specified, the HyperMesh "base" system is used by default. The Resultant Force and Moment utility extracts grid point force and moment results from the results file in the output coordinate system in which the solver output these results. It is assumed that the output coordinate system assigned to each node in the database matches that used to run the analysis and generate the results file. Output coordinate systems are defined by accessing the Systems panel. (On the assign subpanel, select the required nodes and a coordinate system, and click Set Analysis. In OptiStruct and Nastran this operation sets the CD field on the GRID cards). If the output coordinate systems for each node in the database do not match those used to run the analysis, the extracted values will be incorrect. This can occur when modifying nodal output system without rerunning the analysis, and/or loading a results file that does not match the currently loaded model. In addition, results coming from or output to cylindrical or spherical result coordinate systems should be inspected for validity near the origin and along principal axes. MPC force and moment data are properly extracted for the following MPC constraint types: RBE2, RBE3, Rigidlink, RJOINT, RROD, RBAR.

2.

Use the Zero Tolerance field to specify the cut-off point below which a result quantity is considered zero. All calculations are done with float point precision and the zero tolerance value is only used to control the output of results to the various formats. The option helps to eliminate relatively small values from being output. To maintain float precision the default is set to 1.0e-6, otherwise modify the value as desired.

3.

Activate the Create Load Collectors checkbox to extract the specified grid point data and display it in organized load collectors for graphical visualization within the model window. Multiple load collectors are created — one for each force and moment component — for each selected loadstep of the current cross-section, each made up of an element set and node set. The load collector name format is "RF&M_E(#)_N(#)_S(#)_(compID)". For example RF&M_E(1)_N(1)_S(1)_Fx would be created for element set 1, node set 1, loadstep 1, and component Fx. The "Color" option allows you to choose a color for all created load collectors. This color can be modified later using either the interface or the FBD Results Manager. You can also use the FBD Results Manager to review the load collectors generated from the Resultant Force and Moment utility. When the database is saved, all resultant force and moment load collectors are saved in the database. This allows resultant force and moment information to be reviewed and utilized in the future without having to rerun the tool. Renumbering element or node sets after running the tool invalidates the link between the load collector names and the associated sets and therefore it is important to not renumber any element or node sets for which resultant force and moment result are to

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be retained as load collectors in HyperMesh. 4.

Activate the Show summary table option to output the results to a popup window for instant review. The table contains information about the loadsteps and cross-sections, and detailed data from the grid point extraction at each node.

5.

Activate the Create .csv file option to create a .csv file containing the same information as the summary table, but in a comma separated file. You may select a new file or an existing file. If an existing file is selected, it is appended to.

6.

Activate the Create .fbd file option to create a file that can be read into HyperGraph using the "Shear and Moment Plot" and "Potato Plot" utilities. You may select a new file or an existing file.

Comments When saving over existing .csv or .fbd file, there are several items to note: If the data you are extracting already exists in the file (based on element set, loadstep IDs), the existing block will be overwritten with the new data. If it does not exist, it will be appended to the end of the file. You are asked if you wish to replace the existing file. However, selecting ‘yes’ will not overwrite the file; it will append/replace the data into the file as described above. Two utilities available within HyperGraph interact with data generated from the Resultant Force and Moment utility: Shear and Moment Diagrams (VMT Plots) and Potato Plot. These utilities are accessed from the Free Body Diagrams item within the HyperGraph Utilities menu.

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FBD Results Manager Location:

Results menu, Free Body Diagram sub-menu (to access the tool). Tab Area (for the tool itself)

Use the FBD Results Manager to graphically review and manage the load collectors generated from all FBD and Resultant Force and Moment utilities.

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To review and manage FBD load collectors 1.

Select one or more Element sets. The Entity selection section allows you to select the element set for which to review FBD, Displacement, or Resultant Force and Moment load collector output. You must choose an existing element set for which you wish to the review the FBD, Displacement, and Resultant Force and Moment load collector output. The optional Show model checkbox, when checked, displays the entire model in transparency mode and highlights the currently selected element set.

2.

Pick the desired Results type. The Results selection section lets you select the FBD result type to review. Valid types include FBD Displacements, FBD Forces (All Loads), FBD Forces (Applied Loads), FBD Forces (Reaction Loads), and Resultant Force and Moment. Selecting an FBD result type scans the HyperMesh database and updates the loadsteps list with available loadsteps for the currently selected element set and result type.

3.

Select the desired loadsteps by clicking on them. Multiple loadsteps can be selected using standard Ctrl/Shift –click functionality. Filter buttons allow for additional selection control as shown including a name filter that uses standard HyperMesh filtering syntax. For FBD Displacements and Resultant Force and Moment Result types, the Results selection interface is modified to include a Node sets selector. This selector lists all of the node sets associated with the currently selected element set and loadsteps. If multiple loadsteps are selected, only the node sets that are common to all of them will be listed.

4.

Specify any desired Display options: The Display options section allows you to decide which force and moment components display in the graphics area for the current selection. The Fx, Fy, Fz…checkboxes determine which component/resultant vectors display when you click the Accept button. Grayed-out checkboxes indicate force and moment components or results that can’t display for the currently selected element set/loadstep/node sets. These checkboxes are disabled for the FBD Displacements Result type. The Update load collector color option will recolor the load collectors associated with the current selection to the color selected in the Color option. Click the Color box to pick a different color, if desired.

5.

Click one of the command buttons at the bottom of the tab: The Accept button displays the selected result vectors on in the graphics area. The Delete button deletes the load collectors associated with the current selection. A popup warning tells you what will be deleted and requires you to confirm the deletion. The Reset button clears the graphics area of all result vectors and resets all of the FBD Results Manager entry fields.

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The Close button closes the FBD Results Manager, removing it from the tab area without displaying any results in the graphics area.

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FBD Export Manager Location:

Results menu, Free Body Diagram sub-menu (to access the tool). Tab Area (for the tool itself)

The FBD Export Manager exports FBD, Displacement, and/or Resultant Force and Moment load collectors generated by other FBD utilities. After export, the exported data can be used for breakout modeling within a sub-modeling scheme.

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To export FBD, Displacement, or Resultant Force & Moment collectors 1.

Use the Element set selector to specify the set for which you wish to export data.

2.

Optional: activate the show model checkbox to display the entire model in transparency mode, highlighting the currently selected element set for review.

3.

Choose the results type that you wish to export from the list box. This populates the list of loadsteps. Click the one(s) that you wish to export to highlight them; use -click or -click to select multiple results. If you choose FBD Displacements or Resultant Force and Moment as the result type, an additional list of node sets displays. Select the desired node sets in the same fashion as the loadsteps.

4.

Click add to export to add the highlighted results to the export batch.

5.

Specify Export options: If you wish to create loadsteps upon export, click the Create appropriate loadsteps checkbox and then click the open-folder button in the Output file text box. This opens a standard file browser window that you can use to browse to the desired destination directory and either select an existing file, or type in a name for a new one. This option will also create SUBTITLE and LABEL cards if they are available from the loadstep information within the currently selected results file. In addition, the Results type affects how loadsteps are created: For FBD Forces – All Loads; a SUBCASE will be created with LOAD = assigned to the "FBDF_E(#)_S (#)_C" load collector which references the LOAD card pointing to each component "FBDF_E(#)_S(#)_ (compID)" load collector for the selected loadstep. For FBD Displacements; a SUBCASE will be created with SPC = assigned to the "FBDD_E(#)_N(#)_S (#)_Disp" load collector for the selected loadstep. If the SPCD option was enabled when creating FBD Displacement loads, LOAD = will also be assigned to the "FBDD_E(#)_N(#)_S(#)_SPCD" load collector for the selected loadstep. If multiple node sets are selected for export the following will occur: An SPCADD load collector will be created and the appropriate "FBDD_E(#)_N(#)_S(#)_Disp" load collectors will be assigned to it. The SPC = will reference the newly created SPCADD load collector. If the SPCD option was enabled when creating the FBD Displacement loads, a LOAD load collector will be created and the appropriate "FBDD_E(#)_N(#)_S(#)_SPCD" load collectors will be assigned to it. The LOAD = will reference the newly created LOAD load collector. If FBD Force and FBD Displacement load collectors from the same loadstep are selected for export, you are prompted to select one or the other from which to create the loadstep.

6.

Click the appropriate command button at the bottom of the tab: Export executes the export process, meaning that clicking it: Turns off the display of all currently displayed elements,

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Creates temporary mass elements on the nodes where the selected FBD, Displacement, and/or Resultant Force and Moment loads are displayed, Exports the model with the "displayed" option, Deletes the temporary mass elements from the current model, and Removes unnecessary header information from the output file. Reset clears all of the export criteria so that you can start over. Close closes the tab, removing it from the tab area.

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FBD Grid Point Force Balance Location:

Results menu, Free Body Diagram sub-menu (to access the tool). Tab Area (for the tool itself)

The Grid Point Force Balance table is the data around which all FBD-Forces and Resultant Force and Moment utility calculations are performed. See the OptiStruct online reference guide for more information regarding GPFORCE option cards. Shown below is a sample model which will be used to demonstrate the grid point force calculations that FBD utilities perform.

This model consists of tw o elements, a fixed support on the left end, and a point load on the right end.

The complete GPFORCE table for the above cantilever beam model is presented below. Note that for any given node within the GPFORCE table, several types of entries are possible depending on the forces acting at that node, including: Applied forces and moments SPC forces and moments MPC forces and moments Element forces and moments from elements attached to the node Total summed values for each node, which in turn must sum to zero for the complete GPFORCE table.

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Process The FBD Forces and Resultant Force and Moment utilities use element and node set definitions to define what information to extract and sum from the GPFORCE table. This information is then used to produce free bodies and/or resultant force and moments. FBD Forces The FBD Forces utility uses an element set to define the values to extract from the GPFORCE table. The

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element set serves several purposes: The FBD Forces utility uses an element set to define which values to extract from the GPFORCE table. This serves several purposes: Any nodes in the element set that have Applied loads will have those values extracted. Any nodes in the element set that have SPC loads will have those values extracted. Any nodes in the element set that have MPC loads will have those values extracted. Any nodes in the element set attached to one or more elements not in the element set will have the appropriate element forces extracted. The following example of FBD-Forces extraction uses element 1 from the same 2-element image shown at the beginning of this topic: The element set contains only element 1. Element 1 has nodes 1, 2, 3 and 4. X-Force Node 1 is only attached to element 1 and has an SPC constraint. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 1 is the SPC force 2.121e+03. Node 2 is only attached to element 1 and has an SPC constraint. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 2 is the SPC force -2.121e+03. Node 3 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its force contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 3 is the element 2 force -1.085e+03. Node 4 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its force contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 4 is the element 2 force 1.085e+03. These values sum to 0. Y-Force All values are zero in this model. Z-Force Node 1 is only attached to element 1 and has an SPC constraint. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 1 is the SPC force -4.332e+02. Node 2 is only attached to element 1 and has an SPC constraint. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 2 is the SPC force -5.668e+02. Node 3 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its force contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 3 is the element 2 force 6.426e+02.

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Node 4 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its force contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 4 is the element 2 force 3.574e+02. These values sum to 0. X-Moment All values are zero in this model. Y-Moment Node 1 is only attached to element 1 and has an SPC constraint. Since element 1 is in the element set, its moment contributions are not considered. From the GPFORCE table, the y-moment value that is extracted for node 1 is the SPC moment 2.370e+01. Node 2 is only attached to element 1 and has an SPC constraint. Since element 1 is in the element set, its moment contributions are not considered. From the GPFORCE table, the y-moment value that is extracted for node 2 is the SPC moment 2.277e+01. Node 3 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its moment contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its moment contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the y-moment value that is extracted for node 3 is the element 2 moment -8.871e+00. Node 4 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its moment contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its moment contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the y-moment value that is extracted for node 4 is the element 2 moment -1.024e+01. Additionally, the cross-product of all the forces about the Y axis need to be considered. Selecting node 1 as the summation node (any node in the model can be selected) and performing rXF (all element edge lengths are 0.166) the following is obtained: Node 1

no additional rXF contributions since it is the sum point

Node 2

-0.166*Fx + 0*Fz = -0.166*-2.121e+03 + 0*-2.121e+03 = 3.535e+02

Node 3

0*Fx + -0.166*Fz = 0*-1.085e+03 + -0.166*6.426e+02 = -1.071e+02

Node 4

-0.166*Fx + -0.166*Fz = -0.166*1.085e+03 + -0.166*3.547e+02 = -2.400e+02

These values sum to about 0. Since there are only 4 significant digits in the GPFORCE table, the precision of the calculated moments are compromised. In the actual FBD utilities, the full result and machine precisions are used. Z-Moment All values are zero in this model. Here is a sample output table from the FBD Forces utility for element 1 (element set) with node 1 used as the summation point:

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Resultant Force and Moment The Resultant Force and Moment utility uses an element set and a node set (cross-section definition) define the values to extract from the GPFORCE table. The cross-section definition serves several purposes: All nodes in the node set must be attached to one or more elements in the element set. All nodes in the node set that have Applied loads will be extracted and utilized in Resultant Force and Moment calculations. All nodes in the node set that have SPC loads will be extracted and utilized in Resultant Force and Moment calculations. All nodes in the node set that have MPC loads will be extracted and utilized in Resultant Force and Moment calculations. For all nodes in the node set, Element contributions from only those elements which are not a part of the element set of the cross-section definition will be extracted and utilized in the Resultant Force and Moment calculations. The following example of Resultant Force and Moment extraction uses element 1 and nodes 3 & 4 from the same example as the previous FBD Forces. The node set contains nodes 3 and 4; the element set contains only element 1. X-Force: Node 3 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its force contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 3 is the element 2 force -1.085e+03. Node 4 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its force contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 4 is the element 2 force 1.085e+03. These values sum to 0. Y-Force: All values are zero in this model.

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Z-Force: Node 3 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its force contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 3 is the element 2 force 6.426e+02. Node 4 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its force contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its force contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the x-force value that is extracted for node 4 is the element 2 force 3.574e+02. These values sum to 1.000e+03. X-Moment: All values are zero in this model. Y-Moment: Node 3 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its moment contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its moment contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the y-moment value that is extracted for node 3 is the element 2 moment -8.871e+00. Node 4 is attached to elements 1 and 2. Since element 1 is in the element set, its moment contributions are not considered. Since element 2 is not in the element set, its moment contributions will be considered. From the GPFORCE table, the y-moment value that is extracted for node 4 is the element 2 moment -1.024e+01. Additionally, the cross-product of all the forces about the Y axis need to be considered. Selecting node 3 as the summation node (any node in the model can be selected) and performing rXF (all element edge lengths are 0.166) the following is obtained: Node 3 Node 4

no additional rXF contributions since it is the sum point -0.166*Fx + 0*Fz = -0.166*1.085e+03 + 0*3.547e+02 = -1.808e+02

These values sum to -2.000e+02. Since there are only 4 significant digits in the GPFORCE table, the precision of the calculated moments are compromised. In the actual FBD utilities, the full result and machine precisions are used. Z-Moment: All values are zero in this model. Below is a sample output table from the Resultant Force and Moment utility for element 1 (element set) and nodes 3 and 4 (node set) with node 3 used as the summation point:

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FBD Displacements The FBD Displacements utility uses an element set and a node set to define the values to extract from the Displacement table. The element and node sets serve several purposes: All nodes in the node set will have displacement and rotation values extracted. The element set is for visualization and breakout modeling purposes only.

Additional Information: Recommended practice is to output GPFORCE data for the element set(s) of interest only. This procedure reduces the size of the .op2 file and helps speed up the FBD Forces extractions. Additionally, for Nastran and OptiStruct, consider using STRESS = NONE and/or DISPLACEMENT = NONE options to further reduce the size of the .op2 file. See the OptiStruct online reference guide for more information regarding STRESS and DISPLACEMENT io option cards. MPC forces and moments are properly extracted for the following MPC constraint types: RBE2

RJOINT

RBE3

RROD

Rigidlink

RBAR

The GPFORCE and Displacement results are extracted from the .op2 file in float point precision in binary format. This maintains the integrity of the calculations as well as enhances the performance of the utilities.

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FBD Solver Interfacing The Free Body Diagram utilities behave differently depending on the solver that you interface with in HyperMesh. Consult these topics for details:

Abaqus Ansys Nastran Radioss (Bulk Data) and OptiStruct

See also FBD Overview Tab area

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Abaqus - Free Body Diagrams Results are supported through the .odb output file. The installation of the HyperView Abaqus ODB API is required to support Abaqus FBD results in HyperMesh. Grid Point Forces (GPF) results are requested with the following .odb file output requests: *NODE OUTPUT RF CF *ELEMENT OUTPUT NFORC Displacement results are requested with the following .odb file output request: *NODE OUTPUT U It is recommended practice to output data for only the node/element set(s) of interest. This procedure reduces the size of the solver results file and helps speed up the FBD extractions. Abaqus rigid elements, *Rigid bodies, *Coupling constraints, *MPC, *Fastener and *Equations do not export forces and moments. If any of these are attached to the element set of interest, all elements attached to them must be included in the element set to insure the GPF balance is correct. If they are not included, an imbalance will occur. Refer to the Abaqus documentation to determine these elements/bodies. Make sure to check the validity of all GPF results when any of these are present in the model. The FBD Export Manager is currently not supported for Abaqus.

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Ansys - Free Body Diagrams Currently only supported for Win32 and Win64 platforms. Results are supported through the .rst output file. The installation of HyperView is required to support Ansys FBD results in HyperMesh. Grid Point Forces (GPF) results are requested with the following .rst file output requests: OUTRES,ALL,ALL or OUTRES,NSOL,ALL OUTRES,RSOL,ALL Displacement results are requested with the following .rst file output requests: OUTRES,ALL,ALL or OUTRES,NSOL,ALL OUTRES,RSOL,ALL The FBD Export Manager is currently not supported for Ansys.

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Nastran - Free Body Diagrams Results are supported through the .op2 output file. Grid Point Forces (GPF) results are requested with the GPFORCE .op2 output request. Displacement results are requested with the DISPLACEMENT .op2 output request. It is recommended practice to output data for only the node set(s) of interest. This procedure reduces the size of the solver results file and helps speed up the FBD extractions. Consider using STRESS=NONE and STRAIN=NONE to further reduce the size of the results file. MPC forces and moments are properly extracted for the following MPC constraint types: RBE2 RBE3 RigidLink RJOINT RROD RBAR

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Radioss (Bulk Data) and OptiStruct - Free Body Diagrams Results are supported through the .op2 output file. Grid Point Forces (GPF) results are requested with the GPFORCE .op2 output request. Displacement results are requested with the DISPLACEMENT .op2 output request. It is recommended practice to output data for only the node set(s) of interest. This procedure reduces the size of the solver results file and helps speed up the FBD extractions. Consider using STRESS=NONE and STRAIN=NONE to further reduce the size of the results file. You may consider using the NOMODEL option on the OUTPUT,OP2 output format request. MPC forces and moments are properly extracted for the following MPC constraint types: RBE2 RBE3 RigidLink RJOINT RROD RBAR

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H3D Writer The following topics are explored in the H3D Writer help: Creating an H3D file from HyperMesh Embedding a HyperView Player Object in HTML Documentation Sharing H3D Files H3D FAQ

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Creating an H3D file from HyperMesh Using an H3D file, you can save 3-D animations from HyperMesh in the .h3d format for viewing with the HyperView Player. HyperView Player is an Internet browser plug-in for visualizing 3-D Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) models and results. Using product data in Altair's compact .h3d format allows you to incorporate animated images in an HTML document for presentation or engineering reports. Simulation results can be sent by e-mail or placed on the web for others to open and review. Note:

In order to enable the option to create H3D files, you must activate the checkbox labeled launch HV after H3D creation in the Options panel.

HyperView Player is available as a free download on Altair's Web site at http://www.altair.com.

See also H3D File FAQ

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Create an H3D file from HyperMesh: Note:

In order to enable the option to create H3D files, you must activate the checkbox labeled launch HV after H3D creation in the Options panel.

1.

Select one of the following panels: Contour, Deformed, Hidden Line, Transient, or Geom Cleanup.

2.

To control the display attributes for your model: Specify your desired display attributes using visual options or the visual panel.

3.

Click the Hyper3d button. Or H3D>HV. Two files are created. One is an H3D file, using anim#.h3d as the file name. The symbol # is automatically assigned to the H3D file. The other is a sample HTML file including an statement for the corresponding H3D file. H3D>HV loads the newly created H3D file into HyperView. You can define this option in the Options panel under modeling.

4.

To review the model in a Web browser: Double-click the HTML file to launch a browser. Or Click H3D to activate the standalone HyperView Player. You can customize the external HTML template, h3d_template.html, located in the altair/hm/ html directory, to suit your needs.

Note:

In the HyperMesh Geom Cleanup panel, the Hyper3D button is displayed when you select the shaded option in the Visual options subpanel.

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Embedding a HyperView Player Object in HTML Documentation The following section defines the arguments and provides an example for embedding statements in an HTML document in order to view a HyperView Player graphic object. Note the following updates to HyperView Player: Simplified HTML File Statement

Since the H3D file created from HyperView and HyperMesh includes scene information, the arguments in the old statements for model readers and result readers are no longer needed. The HTML statements have been simplified in this release. However, the HTML files created for HyperView Player 3.1 are still supported.

Direct Readers

HyperView Player only supports H3D direct readers. You can create an H3D file using: HyperView HyperMesh HyperMesh result translators, such as hmnast, hmnasto2, hmradioss, hmpam, hmansys, and hmabaqus OptiStruct Note:

You may need to modify your HTML files created for HyperView Player 3.1 if you were using direct readers other than h3d.dll, such as adams.dll, gfile.dll, lsdyna.dll, and madymo.dll, since those readers are no longer supported in HyperView Player.

To embed a HyperView Player object, the statement in HTML is used. All arguments are case insensitive. General Arguments for EMBED Statements type

Application/x-h3d

width/height

Measured in pixels

SRC="URL"

The location of the plug-in data file as indicated by its URL.

Embedded Statement Example



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More examples can be found in the HyperView Player demo directory and at our Web site (http://www.altair. com).

See also How to share .h3d files The HyperView Player demo directory and Web site (http://www.altair.com) for more examples.

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Sharing H3D Files Using an HTML File You can use HyperView Player to share information by embedding it in an HTML file. You can use either a relative path or a standard Uniform Resource Locator (URL) to specify the path for the H3D file in the statement. There are three different ways to define file transfer protocol: FILE, HTTP and FTP. This section describes how to select a protocol for file transfer using the files, anim1.html and anim1.h3d, as examples. Embedded mode FILE:// Example: An absolute path is required for File:// and the H3D file must reside in the specified path. When you distribute the files, you may need to modify the HTML file for the path. HTTP:// Example: You can place the anim1.html and anim1.h3d files on your FTP site. If you have HyperView Player installed and you click ftp://ftp.altair.com/pub/outgoing/HVP/anim1.html, the model is displayed. Relative path Example: