Hybrid System

 

 

K@JJBEB @D BHEFHBB_FHE NBKAIHFKIJ & BHB_EV BHEFHBB_FHE CB]I_SNBHS 

Cfrbktbc _bsbirka BH_E 242

Ayorfc [ystbn

]rbpirbc Oy<

  Ijf IJ Yitirf

?95===992; ?95===992;

  Ijf Ij Eaihfn

?95===44==

  Ijf IJ Nitir

?95===2;?9 ?95===2;?9

  N`ainnbc Ij Sijfo

?95====693

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Iostrikt Sabsb ciys, nihy k`uhtrfbs suddbr dr`n bhbrey krfsfs ihc tait bddbkt `h cifjy iktfvftfbs `h ta`sb k`uhtrfbs. N`st `d bjbktrfkij bhbrey usbc t`ciy fh s`nb k`uhtrfbs fs h`h-rbhbwiojb bhbrey ihc tait aivb i oic bddbkt `h `ur bhvfr`hnbht. Sab k`uhtry cbvbj`pnbht cbpbhc `h tab bjbktrfkij bhbrey kipikfty. Safs bhbrey krfsfs nust ob s`jvbc oy dfhcfhe ijtbrhitfvb nbta`cs t` usb bhbrey.   Safs rbsbirka k`hkbrh `h cbvbj`p kurrbht systbn oy usfhe ayorfc systbn tait k`hsfst `d  pa`t`v`jtifk (]T) s`jir pihbjs, hitf`hij erfc ihc dubj ebhbrit`r is s`urkbs d`r p`wbr suppjy. _bhbwiojb bhbrey ihc pa`t`v`jtifk jios `h Fnin Iocujrianih ofh Difsij Rhfvbrsfty ais obbh sbjbktbc is bxpbrfnbhtij n`cbjs t` stucy ihc cbvbj`p tait ayorfc systbn. Obd`rb stirtfhe fh hbkbssiry t` kijkujitb j`ics `d ijj bjbktrfkij cbvfkbs fh tab o`ta jios t` ka``sb ka ``sb obst ]T s`jir pihbjs sfzb, systbn st`rieb kipikfty, sfzb ihc typb `d fhvbrtbr tait k`hvbrt CK t` IK, ihc kipikfty `d suftiojb ebhbrit`r. Safs systbn wfjj ob sfnujitbc oy usfhe ]r`tbus s`dtwirb t` sa`w ijj kisbs `d tab systbn. Sab rbsujts sa`ws tait tab ayorfc systbn fs n`rb bddbktfvbjy ihc jbss k`hsunptf`h `d erfc p`wbr. Ayorfc wfjj ijwiys suppjy tab jios oy p`wbr wfta`ut st`ppfhe usfhe tab tarbb s`urkbs `d p`wbr, ]T, hitf`hij erfc ihc ebhbrit`r. A`wbvbr, A`wbvb r, ft wfjj rbcukb d`rn bjbktrfkfty ofjjs fh tab oufjcfhe.

?|]ieb 

 

9.9 

@vbrvfbw

Sab n`cbrh jfdb kihh`t ob fniefhbc wfta`ut bjbktrfkfty. S` ikafbvb i e``c sukkbssduj bk`h`nfk cbvbj`pnbht i rbjfiojb s`urkb `d bjbktrfkfty fs rbqufrbc. Sab rbhbwiojb bhbrey fs eifhfhe tab ittbhtf`h `d tab w`rjc obkiusb `d tab rfsfhe prfkbs `d tab dubj ihc tab ritb `d k`hsunptf`h. Fh dikt, s`nb rbhbwiojb bhbrey systbns irb h`t p`jjutfhe ihc `reihfk. Out tab bddfkfbhky ihc rbjfiofjfty `d i sfhejb s`urkb (s`jir `r wfhc) fs h`t bddfkfbht, h`t usbduj `r rbjfiojb. A`wbvbr, tab bddfkfbhky ihc tab rbjfiofjfty `d tab sfhejb s`urkb (s`jir `r wfhc s`urkb) fs h`t bddbktfvb fh tbrns `d bddfkfbhky, bddfkfbhk y, k`st h`r rbjfiofjfty. [bvbrij ybirs rbsbirkabrs `h ayorfc p`wbr systbns k`nofhfhe d`ssfj cbrfvbc bjbktrfkfty ihc rbhbwiojb, out ft aivb vbry dbw wrfttbh pipbrs io`ut bxpbrfnbhtij citi k`jjbktf`h ihc fnpjbnbhtitf`h. cbskrfofhe rbhbwiojb bhbrey ayorfc a yorfc systbns dfrst pipbrs surdikbc Fh tab nfcbfeatfbs W9^. Sab obhbdft `d k`nofhfhe ]T kbjjs ihc wfhc turofhb fht` i sfhejb systbn kih ob sfehfdfkiht, is o`ta wfhc turofhb ihc ]T kbjjs usb rbhbwiojb bjbktrfkfty ebhbrit`rs. I ayorfc systbn rbdbrrbc t` is tab k`nofhbc systbn `d nihy s`urkbs. Fh iccftf`h, ta tabb oittbry systbn, cfbsbj bhefhb kih ijs` w`rg fh pirijjbj wfta suka ayorfc systbn t` nbbt tab j`ic rbqufrbnbhts. Fhftfijjy, tab hbbc t` fhkrbisb erfc stiofjfty ihc rbjfiofjfty cbrfvbc tafs bxpihsf`h fh ayorfc jftbriturb. Sab rbsbirkabrs tabh usbc `ptfnfzitf`h tbkahfqubs t` n`cbj a`w ayorfc systbns k`ujc rbcukb p`wbr ebhbritf`h k`sts k`npirbc t` k`hvbhtf`hij d`ssfj dubj systbns W?^. @hb Bur`pbih skfbhtfst, Bcnuhc Obkqubrbj, birjfbst h`tfkbc `d pa`t`v`jtifk fnpikt fh 91;6. Fh 9154 i cbvbj`pnbht d`r pa`t`v`jtifk bhbrey (ijs` s`jir pihbjs) obeih. Ir`uhc 9654 dfrst `piqub s`jir pihbj fs krbitbc dr`n Civfc Kirjs`h wfta Karfst`pabr Ur`hsgf. Ihc it tab 966=s io`ut 9.?  ofjjf`h a`usba`jcs usbc [`jir7 ft ft obkinb fhkrbcfojy p`pujir. ]r`d Tfvfih I Ijobrt jobrt t``g `vbr fh ?==2 W;^. Sab cfbsbj ebhbrit`r `wbs fts `rfefh nifhjy t` tw` fhvbht`rs, dfrst-ebhbrit`r Nfkaibj Diriciy ihc _uc`jpa Cfbsbj bhefhb oufjcbr. _uc`jd Cfbsbj wis i rbh`whbc fhvbht`r ihc Ebrnih nbkaihfkij bhefhbbr wa` rbv`jutf`hfzbc tab bhefhbs `d afs ciy. Fh 916; _uc`jd Cfbsbj fhvbhtbc tab fhtbrhij k`noustf`h bhefhb w`rgfhe wfta a`t dubjs. Nfkaibj Diriciy wis ih Bhejfsa skfbhtfst wa` nicb i sfehfdfkiht k`htrfoutf`h t` tab dfbjc `d bjbktr`niehbtfsn & bjbktr`kabnfstry Diriciy cfc h`t fhvbht bftabr tab cfbsbj ebhbrit`r `r tab cfbsbj bhefhb, out ft wis afs fhvbhtf`h `d bjbktr`niehbtfk r`tiry cbvfkbs wafka d`rnbc tab oisfs `d bjbktrfk n`t`r tbkah`j`ey wafka w`ujc jitbr ob tab obefhhfhe `d tab ebhbrit`r Ab k`hstruktbc tab dfrst bjbktr`niehbtfk ebhbrit`r kijjbc tab "Diriciy Cfsk," cbn`hstritfhe tait ft fs p`ssfojb t` k`hvbrt spfhhfhe nbkaihfkij p`wbr fht` fht ` bjbktrfk p`wbr. W3^.

9.? ]r`ojbn Fcbhtfdfkitf`h Bhbrey krfsfs fs i ofe fssub d`r uhfvbrsftfbs cub t` tab sabccfhe sabccfh e `d j`ics ihc tab p``r hitf`hij erfc ihc ft fs h`t i vbry fhtbjjfebht cbkfsf`h t` cbpbhc prfnirfjy `h tab utfjfty erfcIhy nil`r fhstftutbs nust tabrbd`rb rbjy `h ijtbrhitfvb bhbrey s`urkbs.

;|]ieb 

 

9.;  @olbktfvbs Sab nifh `olbktfvbs `d tab rbsbirka fs t` fnpr`vb ihc k`htr`j i ayorfc systbn d`r bjbktrfkfty ebhbritf`h fhstbic `d tab k`hvbhtf`hij uhrbjfiojb p`wbr ebhbritf`h fh [ucih Rhfvbrsfty `d skfbhkb ihc tbkah`j`efbs. A`wbvbr, tabsb `olbktfvbs kih ob cfvfcbc fht` `tabr nifh suo-`olbktfvbs