Human Factors Data

Body Size of the 40-Year-Old Female (cm)

No. 805 973 64 309 169 916 612 459 921 506 639 754

Dimension Stature Wrist height Ankle height Elbow height Bust depth Verticle trunk circumference Midshoulder height, sitting Hip breadth, sitting Waist back Interscye Neck circumference Shoulder length

5th percentile 148.9 70.8 5.2 92.8 17.4 136.9

50th percentile 157.0 76.6 6.1 98.4 20.5 146.0

95th percentile 165.1 82.4 7.0 104.1 23.6 155.2

30.4 35.2 32.4 34.5 11.3

33.7 38.1 35.7 37.1 13.1

37.0 41.0 39.0 39.7 14.8

No. 758 330 529 678 751 194 420 411 416

Dimension Sitting height Eye height, sitting Knee height, sitting Popliteal height Shoulder-elbow length Buttock-knee length Hand length Hand breadth Hand circumference

5th percentile 78.3 68.1 41.6 34.7 27.2 48.9 15.8 6.9 16.5

50th percentile 84.8 73.8 45.6 38.3 29.8 53.3 17.2 7.8 17.9

95th percentile 91.2 79.5 49.5 41.9 32.4 57.8 18.7 8.6 19.3

Body Size of the 40-Year-Old Male (cm)

No. 805 973 64 309 236 916 612 459 921 506 639 754 378

Dimension Stature Wrist height Ankle height Elbow height Bust depth Verticle trunk circumference Midshoulder height, sitting Hip breadth, sitting Waist back Interscye Neck circumference Shoulder length Forearm-forearm breadth

5th percentile 169.7

50th percentile 179.9

95th percentile 190.1

12.0

13.9

15.8

21.8 158.7 60.8 34.6 43.7 32.9 35.5 14.8 48.8

25.0 170.7 65.4 38.4 47.6 39.2 38.7 16.9 55.1

28.2 182.6 70.0 42.3 51.6 45.4 41.9 19.0 61.5

No. 758 330 529 678 751 194 420 411 416

Dimension Sitting height Eye height, sitting Knee height, sitting Popliteal height Shoulder-elbow length Buttock-knee length Hand length Hand breadth Hand circumference

5th percentile 88.9 76.8 52.6 40.6 33.7 56.8 17.9 8.2 20.3

50th percentile 94.2 81.9 56.7 44.4 36.6 61.3 19.3 8.9 21.8

95th percentile 99.5 86.9 60.9 48.1 39.4 65.8 20.6 9.6 23.4

Joint Movement Ranges for Males and Females

Image No. 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 13 14 14

Joint Movement Neck, rotation right (A) Neck, rotation left (B) Neck, flexion (B) Neck, extension (A) Neck, lateral bend right (A) Neck, lateral bend left (B) Shoulder, abduction Shoulder, rotation lateral (A) Shoulder, rotation medial (B) Shoulder, flexion (A) Shoulder, extension (B) Elbow, flexion (A) Forearm, pronation (B) Forearm, supination (A) Wrist, radial bend (B) Wrist, ulnar bend (A) Wrist, flexion (A) Wrist, extension (B) Hip, flexion Hip, abduction (B) Knee, flexion Ankle, plantar extension (A) Ankle, dorsi flexion (B)

Males Females 5th percentile 95th percentile 5th percentile 95th percentile 73.3 99.6 74.9 108.8 74.3 99.1 72.2 109 34.5 71.0 46.0 84.4 65.4 103.0 64.9 103 34.9 63.5 37.0 63.2 35.5 63.5 29.1 77.2 173.2 188.7 172.6 192.9 46.3 96.7 53.8 85.8 90.5 126.6 95.8 130.9 164.4 210.9 152 217 39.6 83.3 33.7 87.9 140.5 159 144.9 165.9 78.2 116.1 82.3 118.9 83.4 125.8 90.4 139.5 16.9 36.7 16.1 36.1 18.6 47.9 21.5 43 61.5 94.8 68.3 98.1 40.1 78 42.3 74.7 116.5 148 118.5 145 26.8 53.5 27.2 55.9 118.4 145.6 125.2 145.2 36.1 79.6 44.2 91.1 8.1 19.9 6.9 17.4

Right Hand Left Hand

5th percentile 467 427

Grip Strength for Males (N) 50th percentile 95th percentile 596 729 552 685

Population S.D. 80.1 71.2

Right Hand Left Hand

Grip Strength for Females (N) 5th percentile 50th percentile 95th percentile 258 325 387 254 329 405

Population S.D. 39.1 45.8

Arm, Hand, and Thumb/Finger Strength (5th Percentile Male Data, N)

1 Degree of elbow flexion (rad) π 5/6π 2/3π 1/2π 1/3π

2 Pull Left 222 187 151 142 116

3 Push Right 231 249 137 165 107

1 Degree of elbow flexion (rad) π 5/6π 2/3π 1/2π 1/3π

Momentary Sustained

Left 187 133 116 98 96

4 Up Right 222 187 160 160 151

Left 40 57 76 76 67

6 In Left 58 67 89 71 76

8 Hand Grip Left Right 250 260 145 155

Right 62 80 107 89 89 7 Out

Right 89 89 98 80 89

Left 36 36 45 45 53

9/10 Thumb-Finger Grip Left Right 60 60 35 35

Right 62 67 67 71 76

5 Down Left Right 53 75 80 89 93 116 93 116 80 89

Maximal Static Push Forces (N) Distances

100 percent of shoulder height

50 60 70 80 90 100

50 50 70

SD 142 160 271 400 302 254

50 262 60 298 70 360 80 520 90 494 100 427 Percent of thumb tip reach *

67 71 98 142 169 173

50 60 70 80 90 Percent of span **

369 347 520 707 325

138 125 165 191 133

774 778 818

214 165 138

100 120 120

Preferred Hand

100 percent of shoulder height

Force Mean 583 667 983 1285 979 645

Both Hands

Force-plate height

Notes: (1) Height of the center of the force plate - 200 mm (8 in.) high by 254 mm (10 in.) long - upon which force is applied. (2) Horizontal distance between the vertical surface of the force plate and the opposing vertical surface (wall or footrest, respectively) against which the subject brace themselves. *Thumb-tip reach - distance from backrest to tip of subjects thumb as thumb and fingertips are passed together. **Span - the maximal distance between a persons fingertips as he extends his arms and hands to each side.

Body Size of the 40-Year-Old Female (cm)

No. 949 249 216 103 946 735 178 312 856 381 200

Dimension Waist height Crotch height Calf height Biacromial breadth Waist front Scye circumference Buttock circumference Elbow rest height Thigh clearance Forearm hand length Buttock-popliteal length

5th percentile 90.1 65.2 25.5 32.4

50th percentile 96.7 70.6 28.9 35.7

95th percentile 103.4 76.1 32.3 39

32.3 79.99 20.7 11.2 37.3 37.9

36.1 87.1 25 12.9 41.7 41.7

39.8 94.3 29.3 14.5 44.6 45.5

No.

Dimension Acromial (shoulder) height Trochanteric height Tibiale height Bideltoid (shoulder) breadth Chest breadth Hip breadth Bizgomatic (face) breadth Head breadth

5th percentile 119.6 71.0 35.9 35.6 24.5 30.5 13.3 14.4

50th percentile 127.1 76.7 39.3 38.9 26.8 32.9 14.5 15.6

95th percentile 134.5 82.4 42.7 42.1 29.0 35.3 15.7 16.8

23 894 873 122 223 457 165 427

Body Size of the 40-Year-Old Female (cm)

No. 747 230 931 852 515 207 113 967 111 369

Dimension Shoulder circumference Chest circumference Waist circumference Thigh circumference knee circumference Calf circumference Biceps circumference, relax Wrist circumference Biceps circumference, flex Forearm circumference, relax

5th percentile

50th percentile

95th percentile

73.2 55.3 45.6 31.0 30.3 21.8 13.7

82.1 63.2 51.6 34.6 34.1 25.5 15.0

90.9 71.2 57.7 38.2 37.8 29.3 16.2

19.9

22.0

24.1

No.

Dimension Thumb-tip reach Sleeve length Head length Head circumference Menton-sellion (face) length Foot length Foor breadth Ball of foot circumference

5th percentile 65.2

50th percentile 71.6

95th percentile 78.0

16.7 53.2 9.0 21.3 8.6 21.0

18.2 55.2 10.8 22.9 9.3 22.7

19.6 57.2 12.6 24.4 10.0 24.3

67 772 441 430 586 362 356 97

Body Size of the 40-Year-Old Male (cm)

No. 949 249 215 103 946 735 178 312 856 381 200

Dimension Waist height Crotch height Calf height Biacromial breadth Waist front Scye circumference Buttock circumference Elbow rest height Thigh clearance Forearm hand length Buttock-popliteal length

5th percentile 100.4 79.4 32.5 37.9 37.2 44.4 91 21.1 14.5

50th percentile 108.3 86.4 36.2 41.1 40.9 49 100.2 25.4 16.8

95th percentile 116.2 93.3 40 44.3 44.5 53.6 109.4 29.7 19.1

46.9

51.2

55.5

No.

Dimension Acromial (shoulder) height Trochanteric height Tibiale height Bideltoid (shoulder) breadth Chest breadth Hip breadth Bizgomatic (face) breadth Head breadth

5th percentile 138.0 88.3

50th percentile 147.6 95.8

95th percentile 157.3 102.9

44.6 29.7 32.7 13.4 14.8

48.9 33.2 35.8 14.3 15.7

53.2 36.7 39.0 15.1 16.5

23 894 873 122 223 457 165 427

Body Size of the 40-Year-Old Male (cm)

No. 747 230 931 852 515 207 113 967 111 369

Dimension Shoulder circumference Chest circumference Waist circumference Thigh circumference knee circumference Calf circumference Biceps circumference, relax Wrist circumference Biceps circumference, flex Forearm circumference, relax

5th percentile 109.5 89.4 77.1 52.5 35.9 33.9 27.3 16.2 29.4 27.4

50th percentile 119.2 100.0 89.5 60.0 39.4 37.6 31.2 17.7 33.2 30.1

95th percentile 128.8 110.6 101.9 67.4 42.9 41.4 35.1 19.3 36.9 32.7

No.

Dimension Thumb-tip reach Sleeve length Head length Head circumference Menton-sellion (face) length Foot length Foor breadth Ball of foot circumference

5th percentile 74.9 86.2 18.8 55.5 11.1 25.4 9.0 23.1

50th percentile 81.6 92.0 20.0 57.8 12.1 27.3 9.9 25.1

95th percentile 88.2 97.9 21.1 60.2 13.1 29.3 10.7 27.2

67 772 441 430 586 362 356 97