Huawei UMTS Parameter Most Important
April 25, 2017 | Author: Harsha Nath Jha | Category: N/A
Short Description
Download Huawei UMTS Parameter Most Important...
Description
WCDMA UE Behaviors in Idle Mode www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
1
Foreword z
UE behaviors in idle mode include :
PLMN selection
System information reception
Cell selection and reselection
Location registration
Paging procedure
Access procedure
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page1
PLMN selection Used to ensure that the PLMN selected by the UE properly provides services.
z
Cell selection and reselection Used to ensure that the UE finds a suitable cell to camp on.
z
Location registration Used for the network to trace the current status of the UE and to ensure that the UE is camped on the network when the UE does not perform any operation for a long period.
z
System information reception The network broadcasts the network information to a UE which camps on the cell to control the behaviors of the UE.
z
Paging Used for the network to send paging messages to a UE which is in idle mode, CELL_PCH state, or URA_PCH state.
z
Access From the view of access stratum, access is the procedure UE shift from idle mode to connected mode.
2
Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page2
3
Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page3
4
Cell Search z
UE does not have UTRAN carrier information
In order to find a suitable cell to stay, UE will scan all the frequencies in UTRAN. In each carrier, UE just need to find a cell with best signal
z
UE has UTRAN carrier information
UE will try whether the original cell is suitable to stay. If not, UE still need to scan all the frequencies about UTRAN in order to find a suitable cell in PLMN
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page4
z
Typical scenario of first occasion is the first time a new UE is put into use.
z
The second occasion is very common.
5
Cell Search Slot synchronization
Frame synchronization and code-group identification
Primary Scrambling code identification
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page5
Step 1: Slot synchronization During the first step of the cell search procedure the UE uses the primary synchronisation code (PSC) to acquire slot synchronisation to a cell.
z
Step 2: Frame synchronization and code-group identification During the second step of the cell search procedure, the UE uses the secondary synchronisation code (SSC) to find frame synchronisation and identify the code group of the cell found in the first step.
z
Step 3: Primary Scrambling code identification: During the last step of the cell search procedure, the UE determines the exact primary scrambling code used by the found cell. The primary scrambling code is typically identified through symbol-by-symbol correlation over the CPICH with all codes within the code group identified in the second step.
z
If the UE has received information about which scrambling codes to search for, steps 2 and 3 above can be simplified.
6
PLMN Selection z
UE shall maintain a list of allowed PLMN types. In the PLMN list, the UE arranges available PLMNs by priorities. When selecting a PLMN, it searches the PLMNs from the high priority to the low.
z
The UE selects a PLMN from HPLMNs or VPLMNs.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
Page6
UE can get the system information from PCCPCH, and the PLMN information is transmitted in MIB of PCCPCH After getting the MIB, UE can judge weather the current PLMN is the right one. If so, UE will get the SIB scheduling information from the MIB; if not, UE will search another carrier, do this procedure again
7
PLMN Selection (Cont.) z
PLMN Selection in HPLMNs
Automatic PLMN Selection Mode
The UE selects an available and suitable PLMN from the whole band according to the priority order
Manual PLMN Selection Mode
The order of manual selection is the same as that of automatic selection.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page7
The priority order for automatic PLMN selection mode Order
PLMN type
Remark
1
HPLMNs
Home PLMNs
2
PLMNs contained in the "User Controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology" data field in the SIM excluding the previously selected PLMN
The PLMNs are arranged in priority order
3
PLMNs contained in the "Operator Controlled PLMN Selector with Access Technology" data field in the SIM excluding the previously selected PLMN
The PLMNs are arranged in priority order
4
Other PLMN/access technology combinations with the high quality of received signals excluding the previously selected PLMN
The PLMNs are arranged in random order
5
Other PLMN/access technology combinations excluding the previously selected PLMN
The PLMNs are arranged in descending order of signal quality.
6
Previously selected PLMN
The PLMN selected by the UE before automatic PLMN selection
8
PLMN Selection (Cont.) z
PLMN Selection in VPLMNs
If a UE is in a VPLMN, it scans the “user controlled PLMN selector” field or the “operator controlled PLMN selector” field in the PLMN list to find the HPLMN or the PLMN with higher priority according to the requirement of the automatic PLMN selection mode.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
z
Page8
A value of T minutes may be stored in the SIM. T is either in the range from 6 minutes to 8 hours in 6-minute steps or it indicates that no periodic attempts shall be made. If no value is stored in the SIM, a default value of 60 minutes is used. After the UE is switched on, a period of at least 2 minutes and at most T minutes shall elapse before the first attempt is made. The UE shall make an attempt if the UE is on the VPLMN at time T after the last attempt.
9
Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page9
10
Structure of System Information z
System information is organized as a tree, including:
MIB (Master Information Block )
SB (Scheduling Block )
SIB (System Information Block )
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
System information is used for the network to broadcast network information to UEs camping on a cell so as to control the behavior of UEs. MIB
z
Scheduling Block (SB) gives reference and scheduling information to other SIBs. The scheduling information of a SIB may be included in only one of MIB and SB.
SIB
z
When selecting a new cell, the UE reads the MIB. The UE may locate the MIB by predefined scheduling information. The IEs in the MIB includes MIB value tag, PLMN type, PLMN identity, reference and scheduling information for a number of SIBs in a cell or one or two SBs in a cell.
SB
z
Page10
System Information Block (SIB) contains actual system information. It consists of system information elements (IEs) with the same purpose.
Scheduling information for a system information block may only be included in either the master information block or one of the scheduling blocks.
11
System Information z
z z
z
z
z
SIB1: Contains the system information for NAS and the timer/counter for UE SIB2: Contains the URA information SIB3: Contains the parameters for cell selection and cell reselection SIB5: Contains parameters for the common physical channels of the cell SIB7: Contains the uplink interference level and the refreshing timer for SIB7 SIB11: Contains measurement controlling information
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
SIB4: Contains parameters for cell selection and cell re-selection while UE is in connected mode SIB6: Contains parameters for the common physical channels of the cell while UE is in connected mode
z
SIB8: Contains the CPCH static information
z
SIB9: Contains the CPCH dynamic information
z
Page11
SIB10: Contains information to be used by UEs having their DCH controlled by a DRAC procedure. Used in FDD mode only. To be used in CELL_DCH state only. Changes so often, its decoding is controlled by a timer
z
SIB12: Contains measurement controlling information in connecting mode
z
SIB13: Contains ANSI-41 system information
z
SIB14: Contains the information in TDD mode
z
SIB15: Contains the position service information
z
SIB16: Contains the needed pre-configuration information for handover from other RAT to UTRAN
z
SIB17: Contains the configuration information for TDD
z
SIB18: Contains the PLMN identities of the neighboring cells
To be used in shared networks to help with the cell reselection process
12
Reception of System Information z
The UE shall read system information broadcast on a BCH transport channel when the UE is in idle mode or in connected mode, that is, in CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH state.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page12
The UE may use the scheduling information in MIB and SB to locate each SIB to be acquired. If the UE receives a SIB in a position according to the scheduling information and consider the content valid, it will read and store it.
13
Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page13
14
Cell Selection z
When the PLMN is selected and the UE is in idle mode, the UE starts to select a cell to camp on and to obtain services.
z
There are four states involved in cell selection:
Camped normally
Any cell selection
Camped on any cell
Connected mode
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
z
z
Page14
Camped normally: The cell that UE camps on is called the suitable cell. In this state, the UE obtains normal service. Any cell selection: In this state, the UE shall attempt to find an acceptable cell of an any PLMN to camp on, trying all RATs that are supported by the UE and searching first for a high quality cell Camped on any cell: The cell that UE camps on is called the acceptable cell. In this state the UE obtains limited service. The UE shall regularly attempt to find a suitable cell of the selected PLMN, trying all RATs that are supported by the UE. Connected mode: When returning to idle mode, the UE shall use the procedure Cell selection when leaving connected mode in order to find a suitable cell to camp on and enter state Camped normally. If no suitable cell is found in cell reselection evaluation process, the UE enters the state Any cell selection.
15
Cell Selection (Cont.) z
Two types of cell selection:
Initial cell selection
If no cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts this procedure.
Stored information cell selection
If cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts this procedure.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
Page15
Initial cell selection: If no cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts the initial cell selection. For this procedure, the UE need not know in advance which Radio Frequency (RF) channels are UTRA bearers. The UE scans all RF channels in the UTRA band according to its capabilities to find a suitable cell of the selected PLMN. On each carrier, the UE need only search for the strongest cell. Once a suitable cell is found, this cell shall be selected. Stored information cell selection: For this procedure, the UE need know the central frequency information and other optional cell parameters that are obtained from the measurement control information received before, such as scrambling codes. After this procedure is started, the UE selects a suitable cell if it finds one. Otherwise, the "Initial cell selection" procedure is triggered.
16
Cell Selection Criteria z
Criterion S is used by the UE to judge whether the cell is suitable to camped on.
z
Criterion S : Srxlev > 0 & Squal > 0, where:
S qual = Qqualmeas − Qqual min
S rxlev = Qrxlevmeas − Qrxlev min − Pcompensation
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
z
Page16
If the pilot strength and quality of one cell meet S criteria, UE will stay in this cell and get other system information. Then, UE will initiate a location update registration process. If the cell doesn’t satisfy S criteria, UE will get adjacent cells information from SIB11. Then, UE will judge weather these cells satisfy S criteria. If the adjacent cell is suitable, UE will stay in the adjacent cell. If no cell satisfies S criteria, UE will take the area as dead zone and continue the PLMN selection and reselection procedure. Parameters
Explanation
Squal
Cell quality value (dB)
Srxlev
Cell RX level value (dBm)
Qqualmeas
Measured cell quality value. The quality of the received signal expressed in CPICH Ec/N0 (dB) for current cell
Qrxlevmeas
Measured cell RX level value. This is received signal, CPICH RSCP for current cells (dBm)
Qqualmin
Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB)
Qrxlevmin
Minimum required RX level in the cell (dBm)
Pcompensation UE_TXPWR_ MAX_RACH P_MAX
Max（UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH-P_MAX，0）, dBm Maximum TX power level an UE may use when accessing the cell on RACH (read in system information) (dBm) Maximum RF output power of the UE (dBm) 17
Parameters of S Criterion z
z
QUALMEAS
Parameter name: Cell Se-reselection quality measure
Recommended value: CPICH_ECNO
QQUALMIN
Parameter name: Min quality level
Recommended value: -18, namely -18dB
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
QUALMEAS Parameter name: Cell Sel-reselection quality measure
Value range: CPICH_ECNO(CPICH Ec/N0),CPICH_RSCP(CPICH RSCP)
Physical unit: None.
z
Page17
Content: Cell selection and reselection quality measure, may be set to CPICH Ec/N0 or CPICH RSCP. Recommended value: CPICH_ECNO.
QQUALMIN Parameter name: Min quality level
Value range: -24~0
Physical value range: -24~0; step: 1
Physical unit: dB
Content: The minimum required quality level corresponding to CPICH Ec/No. The UE can camp on the cell only when the measured CPICH Ec/No is greater than the value of this parameter. Recommended value: -18 Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
18
Parameters of S Criterion z
z
QRXLEVMIN
Parameter name: Min Rx level
Recommended value: -58, namely -115dBm
MAXALLOWEDULTXPOWER
Parameter name: Max allowed UE UL TX power
Recommended value: 21, namely 21dBm
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
QRXLEVMIN Parameter name: Min Rx level
Value range: -58~-13.
Physical value range: -115~-25; step: 2 (-58:-115; -57:-113; ..., -13:-25 ).
Physical unit: dBm.
z
Page18
Content: The minimum required RX level corresponding to CPICH RSCP. The UE can camp on the cell only when the measured CPICH RSCP is greater than the value of this parameter. Recommended value: -58. Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
MAXALLOWEDULTXPOWER
Parameter name: Max allowed UE UL TX power
Value range: -50~33
Physical value range: -50~33; step: 1
Physical unit: dBm
Content: The maximum allowed uplink transmit power of a UE in the cell, which is related to the network planning. Content: Allowed maximum power transmitted on RACH in the cell. It is related to network planning. Recommended value: -21 Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
19
Cell Reselection z
After selecting a cell and camping on it, the UE periodically searches for a better cell according to the cell reselection criteria. If finding such a cell, the UE selects this cell to camp on.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page19
UE should monitor the quality of current cell and neighbor cells in order to camp on the better cell to initiate service. The better cell is the most suitable one for the UE to camp on and obtain services. The QoS of this cell is not necessarily more satisfying.
20
Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.) z
Intra-frequency measurement Squal ≤ Sintrasearch ↓ Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ Sintrasearch ↓ Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + Sintrasearch
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page20
Parameters of the measurement start criteria
Name
Description
Squal
Cell quality value (dB)
Qqualmin
Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB) .
Sintrasearch
Measurement threshold for UE to trigger intra-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal.
Sintersearch
Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal.
SsearchRATm
Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-RAT cell reselection, compared with Squal.
21
Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.) z
Inter-frequency measurement Squal ≤ Sintersearch ↓ Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ Sintersearch ↓ Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + Sintersearch
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page21
Parameters of the measurement start criteria
Name
Description
Squal
Cell quality value (dB)
Qqualmin
Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB) .
Sintrasearch
Measurement threshold for UE to trigger intra-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal.
Sintersearch
Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal.
SsearchRATm
Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-RAT cell reselection, compared with Squal.
22
Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.) z
Inter-RAT measurement Squal ≤ SsearchRATm ↓ Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ SsearchRATm ↓ Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + SsearchRATm
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page22
Parameters of the measurement start criteria
Name
Description
Squal
Cell quality value (dB)
Qqualmin
Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB) .
Sintrasearch
Measurement threshold for UE to trigger intra-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal.
Sintersearch
Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-frequency cell reselection, compared with Squal.
SsearchRATm
Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-RAT cell reselection, compared with Squal.
23
Parameters of Measurement Start Criteria z
IDLESINTRASEARCH
Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for idle mode
z
Recommended value: None
CONNSINTRASEARCH
Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for connected mode
Recommended value: None
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
IDLESINTRASEARCH Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for idle mode
Value range: {{-16~10},{127}} .
Physical value range: -32~20; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB.
z
Page23
Content: A threshold for intra-frequency cell reselection in idle mode. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the intra-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started. Recommended value: None. Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
CONNSINTRASEARCH
Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for connected mode
Value range: {{-16~10},{127}} .
Physical value range: -32~20; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB
Content: A threshold for intra-frequency cell reselection in connect mode. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the intra-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started. Recommended value: None. Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
24
Parameters of Measurement Start Criteria z
IDLESINTERSEARCH
Parameter name: Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for idle mode
z
Recommended value: None
CONNSINTERSEARCH
Parameter name: Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for connected mode
Recommended value: None
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
IDLESINTERSEARCH Parameter name: Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for idle mode
Value range: {{-16~10},{127}} .
Physical value range: -32~20; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB.
z
Page24
Content: A threshold for inter-frequency cell reselection in idle mode. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started. Recommended value: None. Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
CONNSINTERSEARCH
Parameter name: Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for connected mode
Value range: {{-16~10},{127}} .
Physical value range: -32~20; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB
Content: A threshold for inter-frequency cell reselection in connect mode. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started. Recommended value: None. Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
25
Parameters of Measurement Start Criteria z
SSEARCHRAT
Parameter name: Inter-RAT cell reselection threshold
Recommended value: None
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page25
SSEARCHRAT Parameter name: Inter-RAT cell reselection threshold
Value range: {{-16~10},{127}} .
Physical value range: -32~20; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB.
Content: A threshold for inter-RAT cell reselection. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-RAT cell reselection procedure will be started. Recommended value: None. Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
26
Measurement Start Criteria Description
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
Page26
The intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT measurement criteria are as shown in the figure. Usually, Sintrasearch > Sintersearch > SsearchRATm
27
Cell Reselection Criteria z
Criterion R is used for intra-frequency, inter-frequency cells and inter-RAT cell reselection.
z
The cell-ranking criterion R is defined by :
Rs = Qmeas , s + Qhysts Rn = Qmeas ,n − Qoffset s ,n
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z z
z z
z
Page27
The cells are ranked according to R criteria specified above ,deriving Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s and calculating R value. In Rs, s means serving cell. In Rn, n means neighbor cell. The offset Qoffset1s,n is used for Qoffsets,n to calculate Rn. The hysteresis Qhyst1s is used for Qhysts to calculate Rs. If a TDD or GSM cell is ranked as the best cell, the UE shall reselect that TDD or GSM cell. If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP, the UE shall reselect that FDD cell. If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH Ec/N0, the UE shall perform a second ranking of the FDD cells according to the R criteria specified above. In this case, however, the UE uses the measurement quantity CPICH Ec/N0 for deriving the Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s and then calculating the R values of the FDD cells. The offset Qoffset2s,n is used for Qoffsets,n to calculate Rn, the hysteresis Qhyst2s is used for Qhysts to calculate Rs.
28
Hysteresis and Time Interval Quality
Qhyst,s
Qmeas,n
Rn Rs
Qoffsets,n
Qmeas,s
Treselection
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Time
Page28
In all the previous cases, the UE can reselect a new cell only when the following conditions are met: The new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval Treselection.
More than one second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.
29
Parameters of R Criteria z
z
IDLEQHYST1S
Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for idle mode
Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB
CONNQHYST1S
Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for connect mode
Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
IDLEQHYST1S Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for idle mode
Value range: 0~20.
Physical value range: 0~40; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB.
z
Page29
Content: The hysteresis value in idle mode for serving FDD cells in case the quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is related to the slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter. Recommended value: 2. Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
CONNQHYST1S
Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for connected mode
Value range: 0~20.
Physical value range: 0~40; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB.
Content: The hysteresis value in connect mode for serving FDD cells in case the quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is related to the slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter. Recommended value: 2. Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL. 30
Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.) z
z
IDLEQHYST2S
Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for idle mode
Recommended value: Qhyst1s for idle mode
CONNQHYST2S
Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for connected mode
Recommended value: Qhyst1s for connected mode.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
IDLEQHYST2S Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for idle mode
Value range: {{0~20},{255}} .
Physical value range: 0~40; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB.
z
Page30
Content: The hysteresis value in idle mode for serving FDD cells in case the quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH Ec/No. It is related to the slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter. It is optional. If it is not configured, [Hysteresis 1] will be adopted as the value. Recommended value: Qhyst1s for idle mode . Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
CONNQHYST2S Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for connected mode
Value range: {{0~20},{255}} .
Physical value range: 0~40; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB.
Content: The hysteresis value in connect mode for serving FDD cells in case the quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is related to the slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter. Recommended value: Qhyst1s for connected mode. . Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
31
Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.) z
TRESELECTIONS
Parameter name: Reselection delay time
Recommended value: 1, namely 1s.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page31
TRESELECTIONS Parameter name: Reselection delay time
Value range: 0~31 .
Physical value range: 0~31; step: 1.
Physical unit: s.
Content: If the signal quality of a neighboring cell is better than the serving cell during the specified time of this parameter, the UE will reselect the neighboring cell. It is used to avoid ping-pong reselection between different cells. Note: The value 0 corresponds to the default value defined in the protocol. Recommended value: 1. Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL.
32
Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.) z
z
IDLEQOFFSET1SN
Parameter name: IdleQoffset1sn
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB.
CONNQOFFSET1SN
Parameter name: ConnQoffset1sn
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
IDLEQOFFSET1SN Parameter name: IdleQoffset1sn
Offset of cell CPICH RSCP measurement value in cell selection or reselection when the UE is in idle mode
Value range: -50 to +50 .
Physical value range: -50 to +50; step: 1.
Physical unit: dB.
z
Page32
Content: This parameter is used for moving the border of a cell. The larger the value of this parameter, the lower the probability of neighboring cell selection. Recommended value: 0. Set this parameter through ADD INTRAFREQNCELL / ADD INTERFREQNCELL, query it through LST INTRAFREQNCELL / LST INTERFREQNCELL, and modify it through MOD INTRAFREQNCELL / MOD INTERFREQNCELL.
CONNQOFFSET1SN Parameter name: ConnQoffset1sn
Offset of cell CPICH RSCP measurement value in cell selection or reselection when the UE is in connected mode
Value range: -50 to +50 .
Physical value range: -50 to +50 ; step: 1.
Physical unit: dB.
Content: This parameter is used for moving the border of a cell. The larger the value of this parameter, the lower the probability of neighboring cell selection. Recommended value: 0. Set this parameter through ADD INTRAFREQNCELL / ADD INTERFREQNCELL, query it through LST INTRAFREQNCELL / LST INTERFREQNCELL, and modify it through MOD INTRAFREQNCELL / MOD INTERFREQNCELL.
33
Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.) z
z
IDLEQOFFSET2SN
Parameter name: IdleQoffset2sn
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB.
CONNQOFFSET2SN
Parameter name: ConnQoffset2sn
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
IDLEQOFFSET2SN Parameter name: IdleQoffset2sn
Offset of cell CPICH Ec/No measurement value in cell selection or reselection when the UE is in idle mode
Value range: -50 to +50 .
Physical value range: -50 to +50; step: 1.
Physical unit: dB.
z
Page33
Content: This parameter is used for moving the border of a cell. The larger the value of this parameter, the lower the probability of neighboring cell selection. Recommended value: 0. Set this parameter through ADD INTRAFREQNCELL / ADD INTERFREQNCELL, query it through LST INTRAFREQNCELL / LST INTERFREQNCELL, and modify it through MOD INTRAFREQNCELL / MOD INTERFREQNCELL.
CONNQOFFSET2SN Parameter name: ConnQoffset2sn
Offset of cell CPICH RSCP measurement value in cell selection or reselection when the UE is in connected mode
Value range: -50 to +50 .
Physical value range: -50 to +50 ; step: 1.
Physical unit: dB.
Content: This parameter is used for moving the border of a cell. The larger the value of this parameter, the lower the probability of neighboring cell selection. Recommended value: 0. Set this parameter through ADD INTRAFREQNCELL / ADD INTERFREQNCELL, query it through LST INTRAFREQNCELL / LST INTERFREQNCELL, and modify it through MOD INTRAFREQNCELL / MOD INTERFREQNCELL.
34
Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page34
35
Location Registration z
The location registration includes:
Location update (for non-GPRS)
Route update (for GPRS)
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page35
The location registration is used for the PLMN to trace the current status of the UE and to ensure that the UE is connected with the network when the UE does not perform any operation for a long period.
36
Periodic Location Registration z
Periodic location registration is controlled by a Periodic Location Update timer (T3212) or a Periodic Routing Area Update timer (T3312)
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page36
Periodic location registration may be used to periodically notify the network of the availability of the UE.
z
T3212 is for non-GPRS operation
z
T3312 is for GPRS operation
37
Parameters of Location Registration z
z
T3212
Parameter name: Periodical location update timer [6min]
Recommended value: 10, namely 60min
ATT
Parameter name: Attach/detach indication
Recommended value: ALLOWED
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
T3212
Parameter name: Periodical location update timer [6min]
Value range: 0~255.
Physical unit: 6 min.
z
Page37
Content: This parameter indicates the time length of the periodical location update. Periodical location update is implemented by MS through the location update procedure. 0: The periodical update procedure is not used. This parameter is valid only when [CN domain ID] is set as CS_DOMAIN. Recommended value: 10. Set this parameter through ADD CNDOMAIN, query it through LST CNDOMAIN, modify it through MOD CNDOMAIN.
ATT
Parameter name: Attach/detach indication
Value range: NOT_ALLOWED, ALLOWED .
Content: NOT_ALLOWED indicates that MS cannot apply the IMSI attach/detach procedure. ALLOWED indicates that MS can apply the IMSI attach/detach procedure. This parameter is valid only when [CN domain ID] is set as CS_DOMAIN. Recommended value: ALLOWED. Set this parameter through ADD CNDOMAIN, query it through LST CNDOMAIN, modify it through MOD CNDOMAIN.
38
Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page38
39
Paging Initiation z
CN initiated paging z
z
Establish a signaling connection
UTRAN initiated paging z
Trigger the cell update procedure
z
Trigger reading of updated system information
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
Page39
For CN originated paging: In order to request UTRAN connect to UE, CN initiates the paging procedure, transmits paging message to the UTRAN through Iu interface, and UTRAN transmits the paging message from CN to UE through the paging procedure on Uu interface, which will make the UE initiate a signaling connection setup process with the CN. For UTRAN originated paging: When the cell system message is updated: When system messages change, the UTRAN will trigger paging process in order to inform UE in the idle, CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state to carry out the system message update, so that the UE can read the updated system message.
UE state transition: In order to trigger UE in the CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state to carry out state transition (for example, transition to the CELL_FACH state), the UTRAN will perform a paging process. Meanwhile, the UE will initiate a cell update or URA update process, as a reply to the paging.
40
Paging Type 1 z
If UE is in CELL_PCH,URA_PCH or IDLE state，the paging message will be transmitted on PCCH with paging type 1 CN
RNC1
RNC2
NODEB1.1
NODEB2.1
UE
PAGING RANAP
RANAP
RANAP
PAGING
RANAP
PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1
PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Paging type 1: The message is transmitted in one LA or RA according to LAI or RAI.
z
Page40
After calculating the paging time, the paging message will be transmitted at that time If UE is in CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state, the UTRAN transmits the paging information in PAGING TYPE 1 message to UE. After received paging message, UE performs a cell update procedure to transit state to CELL_FACH.
As shown in the above figure, the CN initiates paging in a location area (LA), which is covered by two RNCs. After receiving a paging message, the RNC searches all the cells corresponding to the LAI, and then calculates the paging time, at which it will send the PAGING TYPE 1 message to these cells through the PCCH.
41
Paging Type 2 z
If UE is in CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state，the paging message will be transmitted on DCCH with paging type 2 CN
SRNC
UE
PAGING RANAP
RANAP
DCCH: PAGING TYPE 2 RRC
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page41
Paging type 2:
z
RRC
If UE is in CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state，the paging message will be transmitted on DCCH with paging type 2 The message will be only transmitted in a cell
As shown in the above figure, if the UE is in the CELL_-DCH or CELL_FACH state, the UTRAN will immediately transmit PAGING TYPE 2 message to the paged UE on DCCH channel.
42
Typical Call Flow of UE N SS
U E AS
U E N AS
paging
R R _P A IN G _IN D
M SC paging
RANAP
RANAP
R R _E S T_R E Q (P A G IN G R E S P O N S E )
R R C setup process IN ITIA L_D IR E C T_TR A N S FE R A U TH E N TIC A TIO N
REQUEST
AU TH E N TIC A TIO N
R E SP O N S E
(P A G IN G R E S P O N S E )
R R _S E C U R ITY _C O N TR O L_R E Q (IK C K )
S ecu rity m o de co ntrol S E TU P C A LL C O N FIR M
R A B se tu p pro cess A LE R T CONNECT C O N N E C T A C K N O W LE D G E
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page42
Many problems will cause the target UE cannot receive the paging message properly Power setting of paging channel is unreasonable.
Unreasonable paging strategies will result in paging channel congestion, which can cause paging message loss.
Paging parameter is unreasonable
Equipment fault
43
DRX Procedure z
UE receives the paging indicator on PICH periodically, that is the Discontinuous Reception (DRX)
z
The value for the DRX paging cycle length is determined as follows: : DRX Cycle Length ＝ (2^K)×PBP frames
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
Page43
In idle mode, the UE can monitor the paging in two modes: one is to decode SCCPCH directly every 10ms, the other is to decode the PICH periodically. The second one is the DRX, which is Discontinuous Reception Mechanism. The paging period formula:
DRX Cycle Length ＝ (2^K)*PBP frames K is the “CN domain specific DRX cycle length coefficient”, which is broadcasted in SIB1. The typical value is 6.
PBP is paging block period, which is 1 for FDD mode
The paging period should be 640ms if K is 6
44
DRX Procedure (Cont.) z
Through DRX, UE only listens to PICH at certain predefined time. And UE will read the paging information on SCCPCH if the paging indicator is 1.
z
The value of the Paging Occasion is determined as follows: Paging Occasion (CELL SFN) = {(IMSI mod M) mod (DRX cycle length div PBP)} * PBP + n * DRX cycle length + Frame Offset
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page44
Paging SFN formula: Paging Occasion (CELL SFN) = {(IMSI mod M) mod (DRX cycle length div PBP)} *PBP + n *DRX cycle length + Frame Offset
n =0, 1, 2……and the requirement is the calculated CELL SFN must be below its maximum value 4096
Frame Offset is 0 for FDD mode
M is the number of SCCPCH which carries PCH, and the typical value is 1
The formula cloud be simplified as: SFN = IMSI mod (2^K) + n * (2^K)
45
DRX Procedure (Cont.) z
UE must calculate q to know which PI to monitor in one frame of PICH
z
The q value is achieved by the following formula :
⎛ Np ⎥ ⎞ ⎢ q = ⎜⎜ PI + ⎢((18 × (SFN + ⎣SFN / 8⎦ + ⎣SFN / 64⎦ + ⎣SFN / 512⎦)) mod144)× ⎟ mod Np 144 ⎥⎦ ⎟⎠ ⎣ ⎝ z
Where, PI = (IMSI div 8192) mod NP
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z z
Page45
SFN is the paging occasion of the UE As shown in the followed figure, the UE needs to monitor the frames (paging occasions) indicated by the red dots, and then decodes the qth PI of this frame.
One DRX cycle
2^K-1
¡ ¡£ ¡ £¡ £ ¡¡£ ££ 4095
0
PI PI 0 1
¡ £ ¡ £ ¡ £P I q
¡ £ ¡ £ ¡ £
PI NP-1
46
DRX Procedure (Cont.) z
Time offset between PICH and S-CCPCH
PICH frame containing paging indicator Associated S-CCPCH frame τPICH
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page46
The timing relationship between PICH and S-CCPCH is defined by the above figure, and the interval is 3 slots duration (2ms, 7680 chips).
47
Parameters of DRX z
z
DRXCYCLELENCOEF
Parameter name: DRX cycle length coefficient
Recommended value: 6
PICHMODE
Parameter name: PICH mode
Recommended value: V36.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
DRXCYCLELENCOEF Parameter name: DRX cycle length coefficient
z
Page47
Value range: 6~9 . Content: This parameter is broadcasted on SIB1. This parameter is used when a UE is in idle mode. Recommended value: 6. Set this parameter through ADD CNDOMAIN, query it through LST CNDOMAIN, and modify it through MOD CNDOMAIN.
PICHMODE Parameter name: PICH mode
Value range: V18, V36, V72, V144 .
Physical value range: 18, 36, 72, 144 .
Content: Indicating the number of PIs contained in each frame on the PICH.
Recommended value: V36 .
Set this parameter through ADD PICH, query it through LST PICH.
48
Parameters of DRX z
MACCPAGEREPEAT
Parameter name: Number of page re-TX
Recommended value: 1
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page48
MACCPAGEREPEAT Parameter name: Number of page re-TX
Number of retransmissions of paging message
Value range: 0~2 .
Content: If the number of retransmissions of paging message exceeds this parameter value, retransmissions stop. Recommended value: 1. Set this parameter through SET WFMRCFGDATA, query it through LST WFMRCFGDATA.
49
Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page49
50
Two Working Mode of UE z
Idle mode
z
After turning on, UE will stay in idle mode
Connected mode
UE will switch to connected mode which could be CELL_FACH state or CELL_DCH state from the idle mode
After releasing RRC connection, UE will switch to the idle mode from the connected mode
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z z
Page50
The most important difference between idle mode and connected mode is whether UE has RRC connection with UTRAN or not. In idle mode, UE will be identified by IMSI, TMSI or PTMSI and so on. In connected mode, UE will be identified by URNTI (UTRAN Radio Network Temporary Identity), which is the ID of one RRC connection.
51
Random Access Procedure z
Definition
Random access procedure is initiated by UE in order to get service from the system. Meanwhile, the access channels are allocated to the UE by system
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page51
This process may happen in the following scenarios: Attach and detach
LA update and RA update
Signaling connection for services
52
Random Access Channel z
Definition
AICH access slots
SFN mod 2 = 0 τp-a
#0 PRACH access slots
#0
#1
#2
#1
#3
#2
#4
#3
#5
#4
#6
SFN mod 2 = 1 #5
#6
#7
#8
Access slot set 1
#7
#9
#8
#9
#10
#11
z z
z
#11
#12
#13
#12
#13
#14
#14
Access slot set 2
10 ms
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
#10
10 ms
Page52
UE will transmit the preamble at the access time slot Each 20ms access frame is composed of two 10ms radio frames, which is divided into 15 access time slot, and 5120 chips for each slot The PRACH access slots, AICH access slots and their time offset are showed in the above figure
53
RACH Sub-Channels z
The access slots of different RACH sub-channels are illustrated by the following table SFN mod 8
Random access sub-channels number 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
12
13
14
2
0
3
9
10
4
6
7
5 6
3
4
1
3
4
9
10
11
8
9
10
11
5
6
7
11 12 13 14
8 0
1
2
3
4
5
0
1
2
10 11 12 13
14
8
9
10 11 12 13 14
5
6
7
7 Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
2
8
8
9
Page53
A RACH sub-channel defines a sub-set of the total set of uplink access slots. There are a total of 12 RACH sub-channels.
54
Access Service Class z
The PRACH resources can be classified into several ASCs, so as to provide RACH applications with different priorities.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
z
z
Page54
For Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, the PRACH resources include access timeslots and preamble signatures, which can be classified into several ASCs, so as to provide RACH applications with different priorities. The ASCs range from 0 to 7, and the quantity of ASCs is 8. "0" indicates the highest priority and "7" indicates the lowest priority. The system will assign random access sub-channels and signatures according to the ASC (Access Service Class ) of UE. Set ASC of PRACH through ADD PRACHASC, modify it through MOD PRACHASC, and remove it through RMV PRACHASC.
55
Access Control z
“Access Control” is used by network operators to prevent overload of radio access channels under critical conditions.
Access class 0~Access Class 9
Access class 11~Access Class 15
Access class 10
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page55
z
The access class number is stored in the SIM/USIM.
z
Access class 0~9 are allocated to all the users. And the 10 classes show the same priority.
z
z
Access class 11~15 are allocated to specific high priority users as follows. (The enumeration is not meant as a priority sequence): Access class 15: PLMN staff
Access class 14: users subscribing to emergency services
Access class 13: public organizations
Access class 12: users subscribing to security services
Access class 11: users responsible for PLMN management
Access Class 10 indicates whether or not network access for Emergency Calls is allowed for UEs with access classes 0 to 9 or without an IMSI. For UEs with access classes 11 to 15, Emergency Calls are not allowed if both "Access class 10" and the relevant Access Class (11 to 15) are barred. Otherwise, Emergency Calls are allowed.
56
Mapping between AC and ASC z
The AC-ASC mapping information is optional and used for the System Information Block 5 (SIB5) only.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page56
Set the mapping between AC and ASC through ADD PRACHACTOASCMAP, modify it through MOD PRACHACTOASCMAP, and remove it through RMV PRACHACTOASCMAP.
57
Random Access Procedure START
Choose a RACH sub channel from available ones
Get available signatures
Set Preamble Retrans Max
Set Preamble_Initial_Power
Send a preamble
No AI Choose a access slot again
Check the corresponding AI Get positive AI
Choose a signature and increase preamble transmit power
The counter of preamble retransmit Subtract-1, Commanded preamble power increased by Power Ramp Step
Y
Counter> 0 & Preamble power-maximum allowed power 0 then repeat from step 6. Otherwise exit the physical random access procedure
7. If a negative acquisition indicator corresponding to the selected signature is detected in the downlink access slot corresponding to the selected uplink access slot, exit the physical random access procedure Signature 8. If a positive acquisition indicator corresponding to the selected signature is detected , Transmit the random access message three or four uplink access slots after the uplink access slot of the last transmitted preamble 9. Exit the physical random access procedure
59
RRC Connection Message z
Typical RRC connection messages
RRC_CONNECTION_REQUEST
RRC_CONNECTION_SETUP
RRC_CONNECTION_SETUP_COMPLETE
RRC_CONNECTION_RELEASE
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page59
When a UE needs network service, it first sets up RRC connection as follows: The UE sends a RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message from the cell where it camps to the RNC.
The RNC allocates related resources for the UE and sends an RRC CONNECTION SETUP message to the UE. The UE sends a RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message to the RNC. The RRC connection setup ends.
60
UE Timers and Constants in Idle Mode z
z
T300
Parameter name: Timer 300 [ms]
Recommended value: D2000, namely 2000ms
N300
Parameter name: Constant 300
Recommended value: 3
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
T300
z
Page60
Parameter name: Timer 300[ms] Value range: D100, D200, D400, D600, D800, D1000, D1200, D1400, D1600, D1800, D2000, D3000, D4000, D6000, D8000 . Physical value range: 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, 8000 Physical unit: ms Content: T300 is started after the UE transmits the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message and stopped after the UE receives the RRC CONNECTION SETUP message. RRC CONNECTION REQUEST resents upon the expiry of the timer if V300 less than or equal to N300. Otherwise, the UE enters idle mode. Recommended value: D2000. Set this parameter through SET IDLEMODETIMER, query it through SET IDLEMODETIMER.
N300
Parameter name: Constant 300
Value range: 0~7 .
Content: Maximum number of retransmission of RRC CONNECTION REQUEST .
Recommended value: 3.
Set this parameter through SET IDLEMODETIMER, query it through SET IDLEMODETIMER.
61
UE Timers and Constants in Idle Mode z
z
T312
Parameter name: Timer 312 [s]
Recommended value: 6, namely 6s
N312
Parameter name: Constant 312
Recommended value: D1, namely 1
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
T312
Parameter name: Timer 312[s]
Value range: 1~15 .
Physical value range: 1~15s
Physical unit: s
z
Page61
Content: T312 is started after the UE starts to establish a DCH and stopped when the UE detects N312 consecutive "in sync" indications from L1. It indicates physical channel setup failure upon the expiry of the timer. Recommended value: 6. Set this parameter through SET IDLEMODETIMER, query it through SET IDLEMODETIMER.
N312
Parameter name: Constant 312
Value range: D1, D2, D4, D10, D20, D50, D100, D200, D400, D600, D800, D1000 .
Physical value range: 1, 2, 4, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000
Content: Maximum number of consecutive "in sync" indications received from L1. .
Recommended value: D1.
Set this parameter through SET IDLEMODETIMER, query it through SET IDLEMODETIMER.
62
RRC Connection Establish Channel Type and Bit Rate z
z
RRCCAUSE
Parameter name: Cause of RRC connection establishment
Recommended value: none
SIGCHTYPE
Parameter name: Channel type for RRC establishment
Recommended value: none
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
RRCCAUSE Parameter name: Cause of RRC connection establishment
Value range: ORIGCONVCALLEST, ORIGSTREAMCALLEST, ORIGINTERCALLEST, ORIGBKGCALLEST, ORIGSUBSTRAFFCALLEST, TERMCONVCALLEST, TERMSTREAMCALLEST, TERMINTERCALLEST, TERMBKGCALLEST, EMERGCALLEST, INTERRATCELLRESELEST, INTERRATCELLCHGORDEREST, REGISTEST, DETACHEST, ORIGHIGHPRIORSIGEST, ORIGLOWPRIORSIGEST, CALLREEST, TERMHIGHPRIORSIGEST, TERMLOWPRIORSIGEST, TERMCAUSEUNKNOWN, DEFAULTEST.
Content: The cause of Rrc connection establishment. .
Recommended value: none.
z
Page62
Set this parameter through SET RRCESTCAUSE, query it through LST RRCESTCAUSE.
SIGCHTYPE Parameter name: Channel type for RRC establishment
Value range: FACH, DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING, DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING. Content: FACH indicates that the RRC is established on the common channel. DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING indicates that the RRC is established on the dedicated channel of 3.4 kbit/s. DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING indicates that the RRC is established on the dedicated channel of 13.6 kbit/s. . Recommended value: none. Set this parameter through SET RRCESTCAUSE, query it through LST RRCESTCAUSE.
63
RRC Connection Establish Channel Type and Bit Rate z
INTRAMEASCTRL
Parameter name: IntraMeas Ctrl Ind for RRC establishment
Recommended value: SUPPORT
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page63
INTRAMEASCTRL Parameter name: IntraMeas Ctrl Ind for RRC establishment
Value range: NOT_SUPPORT, SUPPORT. Content: NOT_SUPPORT indicates that the Intrafreq measurement control message will be send in RRC Connection Establishment. SUPPORT indicates that the Intrafreq measurement control will not be send in RRC Connection Establishment. Recommended value: SUPPORT . Set this parameter through SET RRCESTCAUSE, query it through LST RRCESTCAUSE.
64
Thank you www.huawei.com
65
WCDMA Power Control and Relevant Parameters
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
263
Objectives z
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe the purpose and function of power control
Explain open loop power control and parameters
Explain inner loop power control and relevant parameters
Explain outer loop power control and relevant parameters
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page1
264
Contents 1. Power Control Overview 2. Open Loop Power Control 3. Closed Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page2
265
Contents 1. Power Control Overview 2. Open Loop Power Control 3. Closed Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page3
266
Purpose of Uplink Power Control z
z
Uplink Transmission Character
Self-interference system
Uplink capacity is limited by interference level
Near-far effect
Fading
Uplink Power Control Function
Ensure uplink quality with minimum transmission power
Decrease interference to other UE, and increase capacity
Solve the near-far effect
Save UE transmission power
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page4
z
CDMA system have the embedded characteristics of self-interference, for uplink one user’s transmission power become interference to others.
z
The more connected users, the higher interference. Generally the capacity is limited by interference level.
z
WCDMA suffer from Near-far effect, which means if all UE use the same transmission power, the one close to the NodeB may block the entire cell.
z
Uplink power control can guarantee the service quality and minimize the required transmission power. It will resolve the near-far effect and resist fading of signal propagation. By lowering the uplink interference level, the system capacity will be increased.
267
Purpose of Downlink Power Control z
z
Downlink Transmission Character
Interference among different subscribers
Interference from other adjacent cells
Downlink capacity is limited by NodeB transmission power
Fading
Downlink Power Control Function
Ensure downlink quality with minimum transmission power
Decrease interference to other cells, and increase capacity
Save NodeB transmission power
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page5
z
The downlink has different characteristics from the uplink, for downlink interference is caused by multi-path, part of one user’s power also become interference to others.
z
Downlink power from adjacent cells also is one part of interference to the own cell.
z
Transmission power of NodeB is shared by all users channels, so downlink capacity usually is considered to be limited by transmission power.
z
Downlink power control also can guarantee the service quality and minimize the required transmission power, so the capacity is maximized in case that interference is lowered.
268
Effect of Power Control 20 Channel Fading
15
Transmitting power Receiving power
Relative power (dB)
10
5
0 -5
-10 -15 -20 0
200
400
600
800
Time (ms) Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page6
z
Because of channel fading in mobile communication system, the radio signal is deteriorated and fluctuated, the fast power control become one key technology to resist this phenomenon.
z
In this figure, the channel fading is compensated by the transmitting power, which is adjusted by the fast power control, so the receiving power is almost constant and the radio propagation condition is improved.
269
Power Control Classification z
Open Loop Power Control
z
Uplink / Downlink Open Loop Power Control
Closed Loop Power Control
Uplink / Downlink Inner Loop Power Control
Uplink / Downlink Outer Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page7
z
In WCDMA system, power control includes open loop and closed loop power control.
z
Open loop power control is used to determine the initial transmission power, and the closed loop power control adjusts the transmission power dynamically and continuously during the connection.
z
For uplink, the UE’s transmission power is adjusted; and for downlink, the NodeB’s transmission power is adjusted.
270
Power Control For Physical Channels z
Power control methods are adopted for these physical channels:
“√" – can be applied, “×" – not applied Closed Loop Power Control
Physical Channel
Open Loop Power Control
Inner Loop Power Control
Outer Loop Power Control
DPDCH
√
√
√
×
DPCCH
√
√
√
×
SCH
×
×
×
√
PCCPCH
×
×
×
√
SCCPCH
×
×
×
√
PRACH
√
×
×
×
AICH
×
×
×
√
PICH
×
×
×
√
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
No Power Control
Page8
Open loop power control is used in two cases:
1. to decide the initial transmission power of PRACH preamble.
2. to decide the initial transmission power of DPCCH / DPDCH.
z
Closed loop power control is only applied on DPCCH and DPDCH
z
For other common channels, power control is not applied, they will use fixed transmission power:
The PCPICH power is defined by the PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER parameter as an absolute value in dBm.
All other common channels power is defined in relation with the PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER parameter, and measured in dB.
271
Common Physical Channel Power Parameters z
z
MAXTXPOWER
Parameter name: Max transmit power of cell
The recommended value is 430, namely 43dBm
PCPICHPOWER
Parameter name: PCPICH transmit power
The recommended value is 330, namely 33dBm
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
Page9
MAXTXPOWER
Parameter name: Max transmit power of cell
Value Range: 0 to 500
Physical Value Range: 0dBm to 50 dBm, step 0.1dB
The recommended value is 430, namely 43dBm
Content: The sum of the maximum transmit power of all DL channels in a cell.
Set this parameter through ADD CELLSETUP, query it through LST CELL and modify it through MOD CELL
PCPICHPOWER
Parameter name: PCPICH transmit power
Value Range: -100 to 500
Physical Value Range: -10dBm to 50 dBm, step 0.1dB
The recommended value is 330, namely 33dBm
Content: This parameter should be set based on the actual environment and the downlink coverage should be guaranteed firstly. If PCPICH transmit power is configured too great, the cell capacity will be decreased, for power resources is occupied by common channel and the interference to traffic channels is also increased.
Set this parameter through ADD PCPICH, query it through LST PCPICH and modify it through MOD CELL 272
Common Physical Channel Power Parameters z
z
PSCHPOWER or SSCHPOWER
Parameter name: PSCH / SCCH transmit power
The recommended value is -50, namely -5dB
BCHPOWER
Parameter name: BCH transmit power
The recommended value is -20, namely -2dB
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page10
PSCHPOWER or SSCHPOWER
Parameter name: PSCH / SCCH transmit power
Value range: -350 to 150.
Physical value range: -35 to 15, step 0.1dB
The recommended value is -50, namely -5dB
Content: The offset between the PSCH / SSCH transmit power and PCPICH transmit power.
z
For PSCH Power, set it through ADD PSCH, and query it through LST PSCH; for SSCH Power, set it through ADD SSCH, and query it through LST SSCH. And modify it through MOD CELL
BCHPOWER
Parameter name: BCH transmit power
Value Range：-350 to 150
Physical Value Range：-35 to 15 dB, step 0.1dB
The recommended value is -20, namely -2dB
Content: The offset between the BCH transmit power and PCPICH transmit power.
Set this parameter through ADD BCH, query it through LST BCH, and modify it through MOD CELL
273
Common Physical Channel Power Parameters z
z
MAXFACHPOWER
Parameter name: Max transmit power of FACH
The recommended value is 10, namely 1dB
PCHPOWER
Parameter name: PCH transmit power
The recommended value is -20, namely -2dB
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
MAXFACHPOWER
Parameter name: Max transmit power of FACH
Value range : -350 to 150
Physical Value Range：-35 to 15 dB, step 0.1dB
The recommended value is 10, namely 1dB
z
Page11
Content: The offset between the FACH transmit power and PCPICH transmit power. Set this parameter through ADD FACH, query it through LST FACH, and modify it through MOD SCCPCH
PCHPOWER
Parameter name: PCH transmit power
Value Range：-350 to 150
Physical Value Range：-35 to 15 dB, step 0.1dB
The recommended value is -20, namely -2dB
Content: The offset between the PCH transmit power and PCPICH transmit power. Set this parameter through ADD PCH, query it through LST PCH, and modify it through MOD SCCPCH
274
Common Physical Channel Power Parameters z
z
AICHPOWEROFFSET
Parameter name: AICH power offset
The default value of this parameter is -6, namely -6dB
PICHPOWEROFFSET
Parameter name: PICH power offset
The default value of this parameter is -7, namely -7dB
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
AICHPOWEROFFSET
Parameter name: AICH power offset
Value Range： -22 to 5
Physical Value Range： -22 to 5 dB, step 1dB
The default value of this parameter is -6, namely -6dB
z
Page12
Content: The offset between the AICH transmit power and PCPICH transmit power. Set this parameter through ADD CHPWROFFSET, query it through LST CHPWROFFSET, and modify it through MOD AICHPWROFFSET
PICHPOWEROFFSET
Parameter name: PICH power offset
Value Range：-10 to 5
Physical Value Range：-10 to 5 dB , step 1dB
The default value of this parameter is -7, namely -7dB
Content: The offset between the PICH transmit power and PCPICH transmit power. Set this parameter through ADD CHPWROFFSET, query it through LST CHPWROFFSET, and modify it through MOD PICHPWROFFSET
275
Contents 1. Power Control Overview 2. Open Loop Power Control 3. Closed Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page13
276
Contents 2. Open Loop Power Control 2.1 Open Loop Power Control Overview 2.2 PRACH Open Loop Power Control 2.3 Downlink Dedicated Channel Open Loop Power Control 2.4 Uplink Dedicated Channel Open Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page14
277
Open Loop Power Control Overview z
Purpose
z
z
Calculate the initial transmission power of uplink / downlink channels
Principle
Estimates the downlink signal power loss on propagation path
Path loss of the uplink channel is related to the downlink channel
Application
Open loop power control is applied only at the beginning of connection setup to set the initial power value.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page15
z
In downlink open loop power control, the initial transmission power is calculated according to the downlink path loss between NodeB and UE.
z
In uplink, since the uplink and downlink frequencies of WCDMA are in the same frequency band, a significant correlation exists between the average path loss of the two links. This make it possible for each UE to calculate the initial transmission power required in the uplink based on the downlink path loss.
z
However, there is 90MHz frequency interval between uplink and downlink frequencies, the fading between the uplink and downlink is uncorrelated, so the open loop power control is not absolutely accurate.
278
Contents 2. Open Loop Power Control 2.1 Open Loop Power Control Overview 2.2 PRACH Open Loop Power Control 2.3 Downlink Dedicated Channel Open Loop Power Control 2.4 Uplink Dedicated Channel Open Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page16
279
PRACH Open Loop Power Control Serving RNC
Node B
UE
1. CCCH: RRC Connection Request RRC
RRC
Open loop power control of PRACH
Allocate RNTI Select L1 and L2 parameters 2. Radio Link Setup Request NBAP
NBAP
Start RX description 3. Radio Link Setup Response NBAP
NBAP 4. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup DCH - FP DCH - FP
5. Downlink Synchronization 6. Uplink Synchronization
DCH - FP DCH - FP
Start TX description RRC
7. CCCH: RRC Connection Set up
RRC
8. Radio Link Restore Indication NBAP RRC
NBAP
9. DCCH: RRC Connection Setup Complete
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
RRC
Page17
z
In access procedure, the first signaling “RRC CONNECTION REQUEST” is transmitted in message part on PRACH.
z
Before PRACH message part transmission, UE will transmit PRACH preamble, and the transmission power of first preamble is calculated by this PRACH open loop power control.
280
PRACH Open Loop Power Control z
Initial Power Calculation for the First Preamble
When UE needs to set up a RRC connection, the initial power of uplink PRACH can be calculated according to the following formula:
Preamble_I nitial_Pow er = PCPICH Transmit Power - CPICH_RSCP + UL Interferen ce + Constant Value For Calculatin g Initial Tx Power
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page18
In this formula, where
PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER defines the PCPICH transmit power in a cell. It is broadcast in SIB5.
CPICH_RSCP means received signal code power, the received power measured on the PCPICH. The measurement is performed by the UE.
UL interference is the UL RTWP measured by the NodeB. It is broadcast in SIB7.
CONSTANT VALUE compensates for the RACH processing gain. It is broadcast in SIB5.
z
The initial value of PRACH power is set through open loop power control. UE operation steps are as follows:
1. Read “Primary CPICH DL TX power”, “UL interference” and “Constant value” from system information.
2. Measure the value of CPICH_RSCP;
3. Calculate the Preamble_Initial_Power of PRACH.
281
PRACH Open Loop Power Control Parameters z
CONSTANTVALUE
Parameter name: Constant value for calculating initial TX power
The recommended value is -20, namely -20dB
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page19
CONSTANTVALUE
Parameter name: Constant value for calculating initial TX power
Value range : -35 ~ -10
Physical Value Range：-35 to -10 dB
Content: It is used to calculate the transmit power of the first preamble in the random access process.
Recommended value: -20
Set this parameter through ADD PRACHBASIC, query it through LST PRACH, and modify it through MOD PRACHUUPARAS
282
PRACH Open Loop Power Control z
Timing relationship of PRACH and AICH
1 access slot Acq. Ind.
AICH
τ p-a
PRACH
Preamble
Preamble
τ p-p
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Message part
τ p-m
Page20
z
After UE transmit the first Preamble on PRACH, it will wait for the corresponding AI (Acquisition Indicator) on the AICH. The timing relationship of PRACH and AICH is shown in above figure.
z
There will be 3 parameters used to define the timing relationship:
τp-p: time interval between two PRACH preambles. τp-p is not a fixed value, it is decided by selecting access slot of PRACH preambles, Here τp-p has one restriction, it must be longer than a minimum value τp-p min , namely τp-p ≥ τp-p min.
τp-a: time interval between PRACH preamble and AICH Acquisition Indicator. If UE sends the PRACH preamble, it will detect the responding AI after τp-a time. τp-m: time interval between PRACH preamble and PRACH message part. If UE sends the PRACH preamble and receives positive AI from the AICH, it will send the message part after τp-m time.
283
PRACH Open Loop Power Control Parameters z
AICHTXTIMING
Parameter name: AICH transmission timing
Content:
When AICHTXTIMING = 0,
τp-p,min = 15360 chips, τp-a = 7680 chips, τp-m = 15360 chips
When AICHTXTIMING = 1,
τp-p,min = 20480 chips, τp-a = 12800 chips, τp-m = 20480 chips
The recommended value is 1
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page21
z
Parameter AICHTXTIMING is used to define the set of τp-p min, τp-a, τp-m.
z
AICHTXTIMING
Parameter name: AICH transmission timing
Value range：0,1
Content:
When AICHTXTIMING = 0,
τp-p,min = 15360 chips, τp-a = 7680 chips, τp-m = 15360 chips
When AICHTXTIMING = 1,
τp-p,min = 20480 chips, τp-a = 12800 chips, τp-m = 20480 chips
Recommended value: 1
Set this parameter through ADD AICH, query it through LST AICH, and modify it needs de-activated the cell through DEA CELL. After the old configuration of AICH is deleted through RMV AICH , a new AICH can be established through ADD AICH
284
PRACH Open Loop Power Control z
Power Ramping for Preamble Retransmission
Power Offset Pp-m Power Ramp Step
Preamble_Initial _Power
Preamble
＃1
Preamble
＃2
Preamble
……
＃3
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Preamble
Message part
＃N
Page22
After UE transmit the first Preamble,
If no positive or negative AI on AICH is received after τp-a time,
UE shall increase the preamble power by POWER RAMP STEP, and retransmit the preamble. This ramping process stops until the number of transmitted preambles has reached the MAX PREAMBLE RETRANSMISSION within an access cycle, or when the maximum number of access cycles has reached MAX PREAMBLE LOOP.
If a negative AI on AICH is received by the UE after τp-a time,
which indicates rejection of the preamble, the UE shall wait for a certain “Back-off Delay” and re-initiate a new random access process.
When a positive AI on AICH is received by UE after τp-a time,
it will transmit the random access message after the uplink access slot of the last preamble. The transmit power of the random access message control part should be POWER OFFSET higher than the power of the last transmitted preamble.
285
PRACH Open Loop Power Control Parameters z
z
POWERRAMPSTEP
Parameter name: Power increase step
The recommended value is 2, namely 2dB
PREAMBLERETRANSMAX
Parameter name: Max preamble retransmission
The Recommended value is 20
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page23
POWERRAMPSTEP
Parameter name: Power increase step
Value range : 1 to 8
Physical Value Range: 1 to 8 dB
Content: The power increase step of the random access preambles transmitted before the UE receives the acquisition indicator in the random access process.
Recommended value: 2
Set this parameter through ADD PRACHBASIC, query it through LST PRACH, and modify it through MOD PRACHUUPARAS
z
PREAMBLERETRANSMAX
Parameter name: Max preamble retransmission
Value range : 1 to 64
Content: The maximum number of preambles transmitted in a preamble ramping cycle.
Recommended value: 20
Set this parameter through ADD PRACHBASIC, query it through LST PRACH, and modify it through MOD PRACHUUPARAS
286
PRACH Open Loop Power Control Parameters z
z
MMAX
Parameter name: Max preamble loop
The recommended value is 8
NB01MIN / NB01MAX
Parameter name: Random back-off lower / upper limit
The recommended value: 0 for both NB01MIN / NB01MAX
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
MMAX
Parameter name: Max preamble loop
Value range: 1 to 32
Content: The maximum number of random access preamble loops.
Recommended value: 8
z
Page24
Set this parameter through ADD RACH, query it through LST RACH, and modify it first de-activated the cell through DEA CELL, then MOD RACH.
NB01MIN / NB01MAX
Parameter name: Random back-off lower / upper limit
Value range: 0 to 50
Content: The lower / upper limit of random access back-off delay.
The recommended value: 0 for both NB01MIN / NB01MAX
Set this parameter through ADD RACH, query it through LST RACH, and modify it first de-activated the cell through DEA CELL, then MOD RACH.
287
PRACH Open Loop Power Control Parameters z
POWEROFFSETPPM
Parameter name: Power offset
The default value: -3dB for signalling transmission; -2dB for service transmission.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page25
POWEROFFSETPPM
Parameter name: Power offset
Value range: -5 to 10dB
Content: The power offset between the last access preamble and the message control part. The power of the message control part can be obtained by adding the offset to the access preamble power. The recommended value of this parameter is -3dB for signalling transmission , and that -2dB for service transmission
Set this parameter through ADD PRACHTFC, query it through LST PRACH, and modify it de-activated the cell through DEA CELL . After the old configuration of PRACH is deleted through RMV PRACHTFC , a new parameters can be established through ADD PRACHTFC
z
The PRACH message also consists of control part and data part, here the POWER OFFSET is the difference between the PRACH preamble and the message control part.
z
The PRACH message uses GAIN FACTOR to set the power of control / data part:
GAIN FACTOR BETAC ( βc ) is the gain factor for the control part.
GAIN FACTOR BETAD ( βd ) is the gain factor for the data part.
288
Contents 2. Open Loop Power Control 2.1 Open Loop Power Control Overview 2.2 PRACH Open Loop Power Control 2.3 Downlink Dedicated Channel Open Loop Power Control 2.4 Uplink Dedicated Channel Open Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page26
289
DL DPDCH Open Loop Power Control Serving RNC
Node B
UE
1. CCCH: RRC Connection Request RRC
RRC
Allocate RNTI Select L1 and L2 parameters 2. Radio Link Setup Request NBAP
NBAP
Start RX description 3. Radio Link Setup Response NBAP
NBAP 4. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup
DL DPDCH Open Loop Power Control
DCH - FP DCH - FP
5. Downlink Synchronization 6. Uplink Synchronization
DCH - FP DCH - FP
Start TX description RRC
7. CCCH: RRC Connection Set up
RRC
8. Radio Link Restore Indication NBAP
NBAP RRC
9. DCCH: RRC Connection Setup Complete
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
RRC
Page27
z
According to the RRC connection establishment procedure, after RNC received the “RRC CONNECTION REQUEST” message, and NodeB set up the radio link for UE, then Iub interface resources is established between NodeB and RNC.
z
When DCH-FP of Iub interface finished downlink and uplink synchronization, the downlink DPCH starts to transmit, and DPDCH initial transmission power is calculated through open loop power control.
290
DL DPDCH Open Loop Power Control z
When a dedicated channel is set up, the initial power of downlink DPDCH can be calculated according to the following formula:
PInitial =
⎞ ⎛ PCPICH R Eb )DL × ⎜⎜ ×( − αPTotal ⎟⎟ W No ⎠ ⎝ ( Ec / No )CPICH
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page28
In this formula, where
R is the requested data bitrate by the user
W is the chip rate
(Eb/No)DL is the Eb/No target to ensure the service quality. RNC searches for the (Eb/No)DL dynamically in a set of pre-defined values according to specific cell environment type, coding type, bitrate, BLER target and etc.
(Ec/Io)CPICH is the CPICH signal quality measured by UE, then it is sent to RNC through RACH.
α is the orthogonality factor in the downlink. In Huawei implementation, α is set to 0.
z
Ptotal is the total carrier transmit power measured at the NodeB
The initial transmission power of downlink DPDCH could be calculated through this formula, then, initial transmission power of downlink DPCCH can be obtained according to the power offset: PO1, PO2 and PO3.
291
DL DPDCH Open Loop Power Control
1 timeslot Downlink Transmit Power
PO2
PO1 PO3
Data1 DPDCH
TPC
TFCI
DPCCH
Data2
Pilot
DPDCH
DPCCH
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page29
This figure shows the power offset of downlink DPCH :
PO1 is the power offset of DPCCH TFCI bits to DPDCH data bits.
PO2 is the power offset of DPCCH TPC bits to DPDCH data bits.
PO3 is the power offset of DPCCH Pilot bits to DPDCH data bits.
The values of PO1, PO2 and PO3 are configured on RNC.
292
DL DPDCH Open Loop Power Control Parameter z
z
TFCIPO
Parameter name: TFCI power offset
The recommended value is 0, namely 0dB
TPCPO
Parameter name: TPC power offset
The recommended value is 12, namely 3dB
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
TFCIPO
Parameter name: TFCI power offset
Value range : 0 to 24
Physical value range: 0 to 6 dB, step: 0.25
z
Page30
Content: The offset of TFCI bit transmit power from data bit transmit power in each time slot of radio frames on DL DPCH Recommended value: 0 Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET FRC
TPCPO
Parameter name: TPC power offset
Value range : 0 to 24
Physical value range: 0 to 6 dB, step: 0.25
Content: The offset of TPC bit transmit power from data bit transmit power in each time slot of radio frames on DL DPCH Recommended value: 12 Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET FRC
293
DL DPDCH Open Loop Power Control Parameter z
PILOTPO
Parameter name: Pilot power offset
The recommended value is 12, namely 3dB
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page31
PILOTPO
Parameter name: Pilot power offset
Value range : 0 to 24
Physical value range: 0 to 6 dB, step: 0.25
Content: The offset of pilot bit transmit power from data bit transmit power in each time slot of radio frames on DL DPCH
The recommended value is 12, namely 3dB
Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET FRC
294
Downlink Power Control Restriction z
The power of downlink dedicated channel is limited by an upper and lower limit for each radio link.
The DL DPDCH power could not exceed Maximum_DL_Power, nor could it be below Minimum_DL_Power.
z
RLMAXDLPWR / RLMINDLPWR
Parameter name: RL Max / Min DL TX power
The recommended value is shown in the following table.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page32
z
Note: Both downlink open loop and close loop power control will be limited by this parameter.
z
RLMAXDLPWR
z
Parameter name: RL Max DL TX power
Value range : -350 to 150
Physical Value Range：-35 to 15 dB, step 0.1dB
Content: The maximum downlink transmit power of radio link. This parameter should fulfill the coverage requirement of the network planning, and the value is relative to [PCPICH transmit power]
Set this parameter through ADD CELLRLPWR , query it through LST CELLRLPWR, and modify it through MOD CELLRLPWR
RLMINDLPWR
Parameter name: RL Min DL TX power
Value range : -350 to 150
Physical Value Range：-35 to 15 dB, step 0.1dB
Content: The minimum downlink transmit power of radio link. This parameter should consider the maximum downlink transmit power and the dynamic range of power control, and the value is relative to [PCPICH transmit power]. Since the dynamic range of power control is set as 15dB, this parameter is recommended as [RL Max DL TX power] – 15 dB.
Set this parameter through ADD CELLRLPWR, query it through LST CELLRLPWR, and modify it through MOD CELLRLPWR
295
Downlink Power Restriction Parameters z
Referential configurations for typical services: Service
RL Max Downlink Transmit Power
RL Min Downlink Transmit Power
Downlink SF
CS Domain 12.2 kbps AMR
-3
-18
128
28 kbps
-2
-17
64
32 kbps
-2
-17
64
56 kbps
0
-15
32
64 kbps
0
-15
32
PS Domain 8 kbps
-8
-23
128
32 kbps
-4
-19
64
64 kbps
-2
-17
32
144 kbps
0
-15
16
256 kbps
2
-13
8
384 kbps
4
-11
8
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page33
296
Contents 2. Open Loop Power Control 2.1 Open Loop Power Control Overview 2.2 PRACH Open Loop Power Control 2.3 Downlink Dedicated Channel Open Loop Power Control 2.4 Uplink Dedicated Channel Open Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page34
297
UL DPCCH Open Loop Power Control Serving RNC
Node B
UE
1. CCCH: RRC Connection Request
RRC
RRC Allocate RNTI Select L1 and L2 parameters
2. Radio Link Setup Request NBAP
NBAP
Start RX description 3. Radio Link Setup Response NBAP
NBAP 4. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup DCH - FP DCH - FP
5. Downlink Synchronization 6. Uplink Synchronization
DCH - FP DCH - FP
Start TX description 7. CCCH: RRC Connection Set up
RRC
Open Loop Power Control of UL DPCCH RRC
NBAP
9. DCCH: RRC Connection Setup Complete
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
RRC
8. Radio Link Restore Indication NBAP
RRC
Page35
According to the RRC connection establishment procedure, after RNC sent the “RRC CONNECTION SETUP” message, UE will try to synchronize with NodeB, and the uplink DPCCH starts to transmit, here DPCCH initial transmission power is calculated through open loop power control
298
UL DPCCH Open Loop Power Control The initial power of the uplink DPCCH can be calculated according to the following formula:
z
DPCCH _ Initial _ Power = DPCCH _ Power _ Offset − CPICH _ RSCP Where
z
CPICH_RSCP means the received signal code power, the received power measured on the CPICH. DPCCH_Power_Offset is provided by RNC to the UE via RRC signaling.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page36
For Huawei, DPCCH_Power_Offset is calculated with the following formula:
DPCCH _ Power _ Offset = PCPICH Transmit Power + UL Interference + Default Cons tan t Value z
Where
PCPICH Transmit Power defines the PCPICH transmit power in a cell.
UL Interference is the UL RTWP measured by the NodeB.
Default Constant Value reflects the target Ec/No of the uplink DPCCH preamble.
299
UL DPCCH Open Loop Power Control Parameter z
DEFAULTCONSTANTVALUE
Parameter name: Constant value configured by default
The recommended value is -27, namely -27dB.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page37
DEFAULTCONSTANTVALUE
Parameter name: Constant value configured by default
Value range : -35 to -10 , unit :dB
Content: This parameter is used to obtain DPCCH_Power_Offset, which is used by UE to calculate the initial transmit power of UL DPCCH during the open loop power control process.
Recommended value: -27
Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET FRC
300
Uplink Power Control Restriction z
During the operation of uplink power control, the UE transmit power shall not exceed the Maximum Allowed Uplink Transmit Power.
z
MAXALLOWEDULTXPOWER
Parameter name: Max allowed UE UL TX power
The recommended value is 21, namely 21 dBm.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page38
MAXALLOWEDULTXPOWER
Parameter name: Max allowed UE UL TX power
Value range: -50 to 33
Physical value range: -50 to 33 dBm. Step: 1
Content: The maximum allowed uplink transmit power of a UE in the cell, which is related to the network planning.
Recommended value: 21
Set this parameter through ADD CELLSELRESEL, query it through LST CELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD CELLSELRESEL
301
Uplink Power Control Restriction z
In addition, there are four parameters which correspond to the maximum allowed transmit power of four classes of services respectively:
z
MAXULTXPOWERFORCONV
z
MAXULTXPOWERFORSTR
z
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of Streaming service
MAXULTXPOWERFORINT
z
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of Conversational service
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of Interactive service
MAXULTXPOWERFORBAC
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of Background service
The recommended value is 24, namely 24 dBm.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
MAXULTXPOWERFORCONV
z
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of Streaming service
MAXULTXPOWERFORINT
z
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of Conversational service
MAXULTXPOWERFORSTR
z
Page39
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of Interactive service
MAXULTXPOWERFORBAC
Parameter name: Max UL TX power of Background service
Value range: -50 to 33
Physical value range: -50 to 33 dBm. Step: 1
Content: The maximum UL transmit power for specific service in the cell, which is related to the network planning.
Recommended value: 24
Set this parameter through ADD CELLCAC, query it through LST CELLCAC, and modify it through MOD CELLCAC
302
Contents 1. Power Control Overview 2. Open Loop Power Control 3. Closed Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page40
303
Contents 3. Closed Loop Power Control 3.1 Closed Loop Power Control Overview 3.2 Uplink Inner Loop Power Control 3.3 Downlink Inner Loop Power Control 3.4 Outer Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page41
304
Closed Loop Power Control Overview z
Why closed loop power control is needed?
Open loop power control is not accurate enough, it can only estimate the initial transmission power. Closed loop power control can guarantee the QoS with minimum power. By decreasing the interference, the system capacity will be increased. Outer Loop
Inner Loop
SIRmea>SIRtar→ TPC=0
BLERmea>BLERtar→SIRtar SIRtar BLERtar BLER 0.5 , TPC_cmd = 1
RL1-2 RLS1
Calculate TPC_tempi for each RLSi
RLS2
RLS3
CELL4
CELL3
i =1
Otherwise, TPC_cmd = 0
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page49
z
When UE is in soft handover state, multiple TPC will be received in each slot from different cells in the active set. UE will generate the TPC_cmd by PCA2 as follows:
z
1. Combine the TPC from the same RLS.
When the RLs are in the same RLS, they will transmit the same TPC in a slot. In this case, the TPCs from the same RLS shall be combined into one.
z
2. Calculate the TPC_tempi for each RLS UE derives TPC_tempi through the same way in the last slide, as follows:
z
For the first 4 slots of a group, TPC_tempi = 0.
For the 5th slot of a group:
If all 5 TPCs within a group are 1, then TPC_tempi = 1 in the 5th slot.
If all 5 TPCs within a group are 0, then TPC_tempi = -1 in the 5th slot.
Otherwise, TPC_tempi = 0 in the 5th slot.
3. Calculate the TPC_cmd UE derives TPC_cmd through the following criteria:
If any TPC_tempi is equal to -1, TPC_cmd is set to -1.
If
1 N
N
∑ TPC _ temp
i
> 0.5 , TPC_cmd = 1
i =1
Otherwise, TPC_cmd = 0
312
Uplink Inner Loop PCA2 with Soft Handover 10ms/frame Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
TPC TS0
TS1
TS2
TS3
TS4
TS5
TS6
TS7
TS8
TS9
TS10
TS11
TS12
TS13
TS14
RLS1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
RLS2
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
RLS3
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
TS14
……
……
TPC_tempi ……
TS0
TS1
TS2
TS3
TS4
TS5
TS6
TS7
TS8
TS9
TS10
TS11
TS12
TS13
RLS1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
RLS2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
RLS3
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
0
1
TS0
TS1
TS2
TS3
TS4
TS5
TS6
TS7
TS8
TS9
TS10
TS11
TS12
TS13
TS14
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
……
TPC_cmd ……
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
……
Page50
The example of the uplink inner loop PCA2 in soft handover state.
313
Uplink Inner Loop Power Control Parameters z
z
PWRCTRLALG
Parameter name: Power control algorithm selection
The recommended value is ALGORITHM1
ULTPCSTEPSIZE
Parameter name: UL closed loop power control step size
The recommended value is 1, namely 1dB
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page51
PWRCTRLALG
Parameter name: Power control algorithm selection
Value range: ALGORITHM1, ALGORITHM2
Content: This parameter is used to inform the UE of the method for translating the received TPC commands.
Recommended value: ALGORITHM1
Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET FRC
z
ULTPCSTEPSIZE
Parameter name: UL closed loop power control step size
Value range :1dB, 2dB
Content: The step size of the closed loop power control performed on UL DPDCH. This parameter is mandatory when the parameter “Power control algorithm selection” is set as "ALGORITHM1".
Recommended value: 1
Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET FRC
314
Contents 3. Closed Loop Power Control 3.1 Closed Loop Power Control Overview 3.2 Uplink Inner Loop Power Control 3.3 Downlink Inner Loop Power Control 3.4 Outer Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page52
315
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control z
UE L1 compares the measured SIR to the preset target SIR, then derives TPC and sends the TPC Decision to NodeB. L3 Set SIRtar
Derive TPCest(k) ( 0, 1 ) DPC_MODE
Inner Loop
Generate PTPC(k)
Calculate P(k)
L1 compare SIRmea with SIRtar
NodeB
Derive and transmit TPC based on DPC_MODE
UE
Adjust DPCH Tx Power
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page53
Basically the downlink inner loop power control process is similar with uplink, UE L3 sends SIRtar to UE L1 and then UE L1 compares SIRmea with SIRtar :
If the SIRmea is greater than the SIRtar , UE sends TPC “0” to NodeB on uplink DPCCH TPC field.
z
Otherwise, UE sends TPC “1” to NodeB.
The UE shall check the downlink power control mode before generating the TPC, two algorithm DPC_MODE1 and DPC_MODE2 could be used by UE to derive the TPC. Upon receiving the TPC, NodeB shall estimate the transmitted TPC and adjust its downlink DPCCH/DPDCH power accordingly.
z
After reception of one or more TPC in a slot, NodeB shall derive the estimated TPC TPCest(k) and calculate a PTPC(k), the power adjustment of k:th slot.
z
Then NodeB shall adjust the current downlink power P(k-1) to a new power P(k), and adjust the power of the DPCCH and DPDCH with the same amount, since power difference between them is fixed.
316
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control Mode z
Two DPC_MODE (Downlink Power Control Mode) could be used:
If DPC_MODE = 0, UE sends a unique TPC in each slot, UTRAN shall derive TPCest to be 0 or 1, and update the power every slot;
If DPC_MODE = 1, UE repeats the same TPC over 3 slots, UTRAN shall derive TPCest over three slots to be 0 or 1, and update the power every three slots.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page54
z
The DPC_MODE parameter is a UE specific parameter and controlled by the UTRAN.
z
The UE shall check the DPC_MODE (Downlink Power Control Mode) before generating the TPC, and upon receiving the TPC, the UTRAN shall adjust its downlink power accordingly.
317
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control Parameters z
DPCMODE
Parameter name: Downlink power control mode
The recommended value is SINGLE_TPC, namely DPC_MODE = 0
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page55
DPCMODE
Parameter name: Downlink power control mode
Value range: SINGLE_TPC (DPC_MODE=0), TPC_TRIPLET_IN_SOFT (DPC_MODE=1), TPC_AUTO_ADJUST
Content: SIGNLE_TPC, a fast power control mode, indicates that a unique TPC command is sent in each time slot on DPCCH. TPC_TRIPLET_IN_SOFT, a slow power control mode, indicates that the same TPC is sent in three time slots, it is applicable to soft handover and it can decrease the power deviation. TPC_AUTO_ADJUST, an automatically adjusted mode, indicates that the value of DPC_MODE can be modified by sending the message “ACTIVE SET UPDATE” to UE.
Recommended value: SINGLE_TPC Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET FRC
318
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control z
After estimating the TPC, the UTRAN shall set the downlink power to P(k) for k:th slot according to the following formula:
P ( k ) = P ( k − 1 ) + PTPC ( k ) + Pbal ( k ) Where
P(k-1) is downlink transmission power in (k-1):th slot
PTPC(k) is the adjustment of downlink power in k:th slot
Pbal (k) is correction value according to the downlink power balance procedure. For a single radio link, Pbal (k) equals 0.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page56
If DOWNLINK_POWER_BALANCE_SWITCH is OFF, then Pbal(k) equals 0.
319
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control z
PTPC(k) is calculated according to the following:
If the value of “Limited Power Increase Used” parameter is “Not Used” , then:
⎧+ Δ PTPC ( k ) = ⎨ TPC ⎩ − ΔTPC
if TPC est ( k ) = 1 if TPC est ( k ) = 0
Where
TPCest (k) is uplink received TPC of the k:th slot
ΔTPC is downlink power adjustment step size
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page57
320
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control
If the value of “Limited Power Increase Used” parameter is “Used” , then:
⎧+ ΔTPC ⎪ PTPC ( k ) = ⎨0 ⎪− Δ ⎩ TPC
Where
if TPCest ( k ) = 1 and Δsum ( k ) + ΔTPC < Power _ Raise _ Limit if TPCest ( k ) = 1 and Δsum ( k ) + ΔTPC ≥ Power _ Raise _ Limit if TPCest ( k ) = 0
Δsum ( k ) =
k −1
∑
PTPC ( i ) i = k − DL _ Power _ Average _ Window_ Size
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page58
Where, z
Power_Raise_Limit : the restriction value of power increasing within a period
z
DL_Power_Average_Window_Size : the period of DL transmit power increasing.
z
From the definition above, Δsum(k) indicates the sum of downlink power adjustment in the latest DL_Power_Average_Window_Size time slots.
321
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control Parameters z
INNER_LOOP_DL_LMTED_PWR_INC_SWITCH
This is one switch in PCSWITCH (Power control algorithm switch) parameter.
z
The default value is 0, namely OFF.
POWERRAISELIMIT
Parameter name: Power increase limit
The recommended value is 10dB
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
INNER_LOOP_DL_LMTED_PWR_INC_SWITCH
This is one switch in PcSwitch (Power control algorithm switch) parameter.
Value range：1 (ON) , 0 (OFF)
z
Page59
Content: When it is checked, limited power increase algorithm is applied in the inner loop power control. limited power increase algorithm means that when the DL transmit power is increased, there is a limit for the step, that is, each increase is limited. Recommended value (default value): 0 Set this parameter through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH, query it through LST CORRMALGOSWITCH, and modify it through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
POWERRAISELIMIT
Parameter name: Power increase limit
Value range: 0 to 10 dB
Content: The increase of DL transmit power within DL_Power_Average_Window_Size cannot exceed this parameter value. Recommended value: 10 Set this parameter through ADD CELLSETUP, query it through LST CELL, and modify it through MOD CELLSETUP
322
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control Parameters z
z
DLPOWERAVERAGEWINDOWSIZE
Parameter name: DL power average window size
The recommended value is 20 time slots
FDDTPCDLSTEPSIZE
Parameter name: FDD DL power control step size
The recommended value is STEPSIZE_1DB, namely 1dB
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page60
DLPOWERAVERAGEWINDOWSIZE
Parameter name: DL power average window size
Value range: 1 to 60 time slots
Content: UTRAN calculates the increase of DL transmit power within the period defined via this parameter to determine whether the increase exceeds “Power Raise Limit”. If so, UTRAN will not increase the power even when it receives the command to raise the power
Recommended value: 20
Set this parameter through ADD CELLSETUP, query it through LST CELL ,and modify it through MOD CELLSETUP
z
FDDTPCDLSTEPSIZE
Parameter name: FDD DL power control step size
Value range: STEPSIZE_0.5DB, STEPSIZE_1DB, STEPSIZE_1.5DB, STEPSIZE_2DB
Physical value range: 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 dB
Content: The step size of the closed loop power control performed on DL DPCH in Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode.
Recommended value: STEPSIZE_1DB
Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET FRC
323
Downlink Power Balance z
Purpose
Monitor the Tx power of NodeBs and start the DPB process
The purpose of this procedure is to balance the DL transmission powers of more than one Radio Links.
z
The start and stop of DPB
The power offset of two RLs is greater than the DPB start threshold, the DPB process is started
NodeB
NodeB
The power offset of two RLs is less than the DPB stop threshold, the DPB process is stopped
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
DPB process
Page61
z
During soft handover, the UL TPC is demodulated in each RLS, then due to demodulation errors, the DL transmit power of the each branch in soft handover will drift separately, which causes loss to the macro-diversity gain.
z
The DL Power Balance (DPB) algorithm is introduced to reduce the power drift between links during the soft handover.
324
Downlink Power Balance Parameters z
DOWNLINK_POWER_BALANCE_SWITCH
This is one switch in PCSWITCH (Power control algorithm switch) parameter.
z
The default value is 0, namely OFF.
DPBSTARTTHD / DPBSTOPTHD
Parameter name: DPB start threshold / DPB stop threshold
The recommended value: DPB start threshold 8, namely 4dB; DPB stop threshold 4, namely 2dB.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
Page62
DOWNLINK_POWER_BALANCE_SWITCH
This is one switch in PcSwitch (Power control algorithm switch) parameter.
Value range：1 (ON) , 0 (OFF)
Content: When it is checked, Downlink Power Balance (DPB) algorithm is applied to RNC. Downlink power drift among different RLs, which is caused by TPC bit error or other reasons, could reduce the gain of soft handover. DPB is mainly used to balance the downlink power of different RLs for an UE in order to achieve the best gain of soft handover.
Recommended value (default value): 0
Set this parameter through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH, query it through LST CORRMALGOSWITCH, and modify it through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
DPBSTARTTHD / DPBSTOPTHD
Parameter name: DPB start threshold / DPB stop threshold
Value range: 0~255
Physical value range: 0~127.5dB; step: 0.5
Content: The threshold of start / stop DL power balancing in soft handover. When the difference of the power values of every two paths is greater / smaller than or equal to this threshold in soft handover, the RNC shall start / stop DL power balancing; otherwise, shall not.
The recommended value is DPB start threshold 8, namely 4dB; DPB stop threshold 4, namely 2dB;
Set this parameter through SET DPB, query it through LST DPB and modify it through SET DPB
325
Contents 3. Closed Loop Power Control 3.1 Closed Loop Power Control Overview 3.2 Uplink Inner Loop Power Control 3.3 Downlink Inner Loop Power Control 3.4 Outer Loop Power Control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page63
326
Outer Loop Power Control z
Why we need outer loop power control?
Different curves correspond to different multi-path environment BLER
SIR
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
The reason of outer loop power control
z
Page64
The QoS which NAS provides to CN is BLER, not SIR
The relationship between inner loop power control and outer loop power control
SIRtar should be satisfied with the requirement of decoding correctly. But different multi-path radio environments request different SIR
Therefore, the outer loop power control can adjust the SIR to get a stable BLER in the changeable radio environment
327
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control
Measure BLER of received data and compare with the BLERtar
Measure SIR and compare with SIRtar
Out loop
Set BLERtar
Transmit TPC
Set SIRtar
RNC
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Inner loop
NodeB
UE
Page65
Uplink outer-loop power control is performed in the SRNC. The SRNC measures the received BLER and compares it with the BLERtar. If the BLERmea is greater than the BLERtar, the SRNC increases the SIRtar; otherwise, the SRNC decreases the SIRtar.
328
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control z
SIRtar Adjustment
⎡ ⎤ BLER meas ,i ( n − 1 ) − BLER tar ,i SIRtar ( n ) = MAX ⎢ SIRtar ( n − 1 ) + × Step i × Factor ⎥ BLER tar ,i ⎣⎢ ⎦⎥
Where
i is the i:th transmission channel.
n is the n:th adjustment period.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page66
According to the formula above,
SIRtar(n) is the target SIR used for the n:th adjustment period.
MAX means the maximum value among the total i transmission channels.
BLERmeas,i (n) is measured for the i:th transmission channel in the n:th adjustment period.
BLERtar,i is the target BLER of the i:th transmission channel.
Stepi is the adjustment step of the i:th transmission channel.
Factor is the adjustment factor.
329
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control Parameters z
OPLC_SWITCH
This is one switch in PCSWITCH (Power control algorithm switch) parameter.
z
The default value is 1, namely ON
INITSIRTARGET
Parameter name: Initial SIR target value
The recommended value is shown in following table.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page67
OPLC_SWITCH
This is one switch in PCSWITCH (Power control algorithm switch) parameter.
Value range：1 (ON) , 0 (OFF)
Comments: When it is checked, RNC updates the uplink SIR TARGET of RLs on the NodeB side by Iub DCH FP signals
Default value: 1
Set this parameter through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH, query it through LST CORRMALGOSWITCH, and modify it through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
z
INITSIRTARGET
Parameter name: Initial SIR target value
Value range: 0 to 255
Physical value range: -8.2 to +17.3 dB, step 0.1
Content: Defining the initial SIR target value of outer loop power control.
Recommended value: refer to the following table.
Set this parameter through ADD TYPSRBOLPC / ADD TYPRABOLPC, query it through LST TYPSRB / LST TYPRAB, and modify it through MOD TYPSRBOLPC / MOD TYPRABOLPC
330
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control Parameters z
z
SIRADJUSTPERIOD
Parameter name: OLPC adjustment period
The recommended value is shown in following table.
SIRADJUSTFACTOR
Parameter name: SIR adjustment coefficient
The recommended value is 10, namely 1
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
SIRADJUSTPERIOD
Parameter name: OLPC adjustment period.
Value range: 1 to 100
Physical value range: 10 to 1000 ms, step 10
z
Page68
Comments: Outer loop power control varies with radio environment. A fast changing radio environment leads to a shorter outer loop power control adjustment period, while a slower changing one makes the period longer. Default value: 40 Set this parameter through ADD TYPSRBOLPC / ADD TYPRABOLPC, query it through LST TYPSRB / LST TYPRAB, and modify it through MOD TYPSRBOLPC / MOD TYPRABOLPC
SIRADJUSTFACTOR
Parameter name: SIR adjustment coefficient
Value range: 0 to 10
Physical value range: 0.1 to 1 , step: 0.1
Content: It is used to adjust the best OLPC step for different cells when the OLPC algorithm is given. Recommended value: 10, namely 1 Set this parameter through SET OPLC / ADD CELLOLPC, query it through LST OPLC, and modify it through SET OPLC / MOD CELLOLPC
331
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control Parameters z
z
BLERQUALITY
Parameter name: Service DCH_BLER target value
The recommended value is shown in following table.
SIRADJUSTSTEP
Parameter name: SIR adjustment step
The recommended value is shown in the following table.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
SIRADJUSTSTEP
Parameter name: SIR adjustment step
Value range: 0 to 10000
Physical value range: 0 to 10 , step: 0.001dB
Content: Step of target SIR adjustment in outer loop power control algorithm.
z
Page69
Set this parameter through ADD TYPSRBOLPC / ADD TYPRABOLPC, query it through LST TYPSRB / LST TYPRAB ,and modify it through MOD TYPSRBOLPC / MOD TYPRABOLPC
BLERQUALITY
Parameter name: Service DCH_BLER target value
Value range: -63 to 0
Physical value range: 5×10-7 to 1
Content: This QoS-related parameter is used by CRNC to decide the target SIR value that influences access and power control. Use the formula below to get the integer value of the parameter: 10×Log 10(BLER). Set this parameter through ADD TYPSRBOLPC / ADD TYPRABOLPC, query it through LST TYPSRB / LST TYPRAB, and modify it through MOD TYPSRBOLPC / MOD TYPRABOLPC
332
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control Parameters z
Referential configurations for typical services:
Service
SRB 3.4k
SRB 13.6k
AMR 12.2k
CSD 64k
PS I/B 8k
PS I/B 16k
PS I/B 32k
PS I/B 64k
PS I/B 128k
PS I/B 144k
PS I/B 256k
PS I/B 384k
SIR init target value
102
122
102
122
102
102
102
102
102
107
122
142
OLPC adjustment period
4
2
2
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Service DCH_BLER target value
-20
-20
-20
-27
-20
-20
-20
-20
-20
-20
-20
-20
SIR adjustment step
4
10
5
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page70
Where,
CSD: CS domain Data service
I/B: Interactive and Background.
333
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control z
The parameters MaxSirStepUp and MaxSirStepDown limit the adjustment range of the SIRtar , and the algorithm is:
If ΔSIRtar > 0 and ΔSIRtar > “MaxSirStepUp” , then SIRtar (n+1) = SIRtar (n) + MaxSirStepUp
If ΔSIRtar < 0 and ABS( ΔSIRtar ) > “MaxSirStepDown” , then SIRtar (n+1) = SIRtar (n) – MaxSirStepDown
z
The parameters MaxSirtarget and MinSirtarget limit the range of the SIRtar at any time.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page71
Where,
ΔSIRtar is the adjustment of SIRtar, and ΔSIRtar = SIRtar (n+1) - SIRtar (n)
ABS( ΔSIRtar ) means absolute value of ΔSIRtar
334
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control Parameters z
z
MAXSIRSTEPUP / MAXSIRSTEPDN
Parameter name: Maximum SIR increase / decrease step
The recommended value is shown in following table.
MAXSIRTARGET / MINSIRTARGET
Parameter name: Maximum / Minimum SIR target
The recommended value is shown in following table.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
MAXSIRSTEPUP / MAXSIRSTEPDN
Parameter name: Maximum SIR increase / decrease step
Value range: 0 to 10000
Physical value range: 0 to 10 dB, step: 0.001
z
Page72
Content: Maximum allowed SIR increase/ decrease step within an outer loop power control adjustment period. The recommended value is shown in following table. Set this parameter through ADD TYPSRBOLPC / ADD TYPRABOLPC, query it through LST TYPSRB / LST TYPRAB ,and modify it through MOD TYPSRBOLPC / MOD TYPRABOLPC
MAXSIRTARGET / MINSIRTARGET
Parameter name: Maximum / Minimum SIR target
Value range: 0 to 255
Physical value range: -8.2 to17.3 dB, step: 0.1
Content: Define the maximum /minimum SIR target value of outer loop power control algorithm. The recommended value is shown in following table. Set this parameter through ADD TYPSRBOLPC / ADD TYPRABOLPC, query it through LST TYPSRB / LST TYPRAB ,and modify it through MOD TYPSRBOLPC / MOD TYPRABOLPC
335
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control Parameters z
Referential configurations for typical services:
Service
SRB 3.4k
SRB 13.6k
AMR 12.2k
CSD 64k
PS I/B 8k
PS I/B 16k
PS I/B 32k
PS I/B 64k
PS I/B 128k
PS I/B 144k
PS I/B 256k
PS I/B 384k
Maximum SIR increase step
400
500
500
1000
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
Maximum SIR decrease step
200
200
200
100
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
Maximum SIR target
132
132
132
152
132
132
132
132
132
137
152
172
Minimum SIR target
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page73
Where,
CSD: CS domain Data service
I/B: Interactive and Background.
336
Downlink Outer Loop Power Control Measure BLER of received data and compare with the BLERtar
L3
Outer loop set SIRtar
Inner loop
L1
NodeB
Transmit TPC
Measure SIR and compare with SIRtar
UE
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page74
z
The downlink outer loop power control is implemented inside the UE. Therefore, this algorithm is specified by UE manufacturer.
z
Generally, the UE L3 measures the received BLER and compares it with the BLERtar. If the BLERmea is greater than the BLERtar, the L3 increases the SIRtar and send it to UE L1; otherwise, the L3 decreases the SIRtar.
337
Summary z
In this course, we have discussed function, principle and common parameters of the following power control algorithm:
Open loop power control
Inner loop power control
Outer loop power control
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page75
338
Thank you www.huawei.com
339
WCDMA Handover Principle and Relevant Parameters www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
66
Foreword z
Why mobile system need handover?
The mobility of UE
Load Balance
Any others ?
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page1
Handover is a basic function of a cellular mobile network. The purpose of handover is to ensure that a UE in CELL_DCH state is served continuously when it moves.
z
HCS: hierarchical cell structure
67
z
Handover types supported by UMTS
68
Objectives z
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Know the features of each handover
Know the algorithms of handover
Know the handover procedure
Know the parameters of handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page3
Handover types supported by UMTS can be classified as:
Intra-frequency handover
Inter-frequency handover
Inter-RAT handover
69
The Basic Concepts of Handover z
Active Set
z
Maximum Ratio Combination
z
Monitored Set
z
Selective Combination
z
Detected Set
z
Soft Handover Gain
z
Radio Link (RL)
z
P-CPICH
z
Radio Link Set (RLS)
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page4
Active set : Cells, which belong to the active set. User information is sent from all these cells. In FDD, the cells in the active set are involved in soft handover. The UE shall only consider active set cells included in the variable CELL_INFO_LIST for measurement; i.e. active set cells not included in the CELL_INFO_LIST shall not be considered in any event evaluation and measurement reporting.
z
Monitored set :Cells, which are not included in the active set, but are included in the CELL_INFO_LIST belong to the monitored set.
z
Detected set : Cells detected by the UE, which are neither in the CELL_INFO_LIST nor in the active set belong to the detected set. Reporting of measurements of the detected set is only applicable to intra-frequency measurements made by UEs in CELL_DCH state.
z
RL: Radio link between NodeB and UE.
z
RLS: Radio link set. The RLs from same NodeB.
z
Combination way: For soft handover, the uplink signals are combined in RNC. The RNC will select one best signal to process. We call this selective combination. For softer handover, the uplink signals are combined in the RAKE receiver of NodeB. It is maximum ratio combination.
z
Soft handover gain: We have introduced in Coverage Planning.
z
CPICH: Common Pilot Channel. UE measure the signal strength of CPICH for handover decision.
70
Contents 1. Intra-Frequency Handover 2. Inter-Frequency Handover 3. Inter-RAT Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page5
71
Contents 1. Intra-Frequency Handover 1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview 2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure 3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page6
72
Intra-Frequency Handover Overview Characters of Intra-Frequency Handover: z
The carrier frequencies of the current cell and target cell are the same
Intra-frequency soft handover
Intra-frequency hard handover.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
z
Page7
Intra-frequency handover consists of two types,
Intra-frequency soft handover: more than one radio link are set up for the UE.
Intra-frequency hard handover: only one radio link is set up for the UE.
Intra-frequency soft handover is more commonly used than intra-frequency hard handover. Intra-frequency hard handover is used only in some special scenarios, for example, when there is no Iur interface between two RNCs.
73
Intra-Frequency Handover Overview Comparison between soft handover and hard handover:
Item The number of RLs in
Soft Handover
Hard Handover
Several
One
No
Yes
Only happened
Can be happened in Intra-
between Intra-
frequency cells or Inter-frequency
frequency cells
cells
active set after handover Interruption during handover The frequencies of cells
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page8
The maximum number of RL is 3. This value can be changed. But this function need the UE to support. Normally, the active set supported by UE is fixed 3 and can not be changed.
74
Intra-Frequency Handover Overview Intra-Frequency Soft Handover : z
Soft Handover
z
Softer Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page9
Intra-Frequency soft handover is a function in which the UE is connected to several cells at the same time. Addition or release of radio links are controlled by the ACTIVE SET UPDATE procedure.
z
During soft handover, a UE is in the overlapping cell coverage area of two sectors belonging to different base stations. The communications between UE and base station take place concurrently via two air interface channels from each base station separately.
z
During softer handover, a UE is in the overlapping cell coverage area of two adjacent sectors of a base station. The communications between UE and base station take place concurrently via two air interface channels, one for each sector separately.
75
Intra-Frequency Handover Overview Comparison between soft handover and softer handover : Item Scenario
Uplink
Softer Handover
Soft Handover
When the UE is in the overlapped
When the UE is in the overlapped
coverage area of two neighboring
coverage area of two neighboring
cells of a NodeB with combined RLs
cells of different NodeBs
Using maximum-ratio combination
Using selection combination
Using maximum-ratio combination
Using maximum-ratio combination
Occupying less Iub bandwidth
Occupying more Iub bandwidth
signal
Downlink signal Resource use
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page10
During softer handover, the uplink signaling are combined in NodeB by maximum ratio combination, but during soft handover they are combined in RNC by selective combination
Compare to later one, the maximum ratio combination can get more gain. So the performance of maximum ratio combination is better
Since softer handover is completed in NodeB, it do not consume transport resource of Iub
76
Intra-Frequency Handover Overview Intra-Frequency Hard Handover : z
No Iur interface
z
Iur interface is congested
z
High-speed Best Effort (BE) service Handover
z
Soft handover fails
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page11
Intra-frequency hard handover refers to a handover where all the old radio links are released before the new radio links are established. Compared with soft handover, intra-frequency hard handover uses fewer resources.
z
The scenarios of intra-frequency hard handover are as follows:
The UE needs to perform the intra-frequency handover between two cells configured in different RNCs. No Iur interface is present between RNCs.
The UE needs to perform the intra-frequency handover between two cells configured in different RNCs. The Iur interface is congested between RNCs.
There is a high-speed Best Effort (BE) service.
Compared with soft handover, intra-frequency hard handover is used to save downlink bandwidth for a high-speed BE service. The intra-frequency soft handover fails and intra-frequency hard handover is allowed. When intra-frequency soft handover fails because of a congestion problem of the
target cell, the RNC tries an intra-frequency hard handover with a lower service bit rate. The INTRA_FREQUENCY_HARD_HANDOVER_SWITCH parameter in the SET CORRMALGOSWITCH command is used to determine whether to enable intrafrequency hard handover. By default, this switch is ON. 77
Contents 1. Intra-Frequency Handover 1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview 2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure 3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page12
78
Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure The following figure shows handover procedure
Measure the CPICH Ec/N0 of the serving cell and its neighboring cells as well as the relative time difference between the cells
Measurement
Measurement phase
Decision
No Are handover criteria satisfied?
Yes
Execution
Perform a handover and update relative parameters
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Decision phase
Execution phase
Page13
Intra-frequency handover procedure is divided into three phases: handover measurement, handover decision, and handover execution.
z
After the UE transits to CELL_DCH state in connected mode during a call, the RNC sends a measurement control message to instruct the UE to take measurements and report the measurement event results.
z
Upon receiving an event report from the UE, the RNC makes a handover decision and performs the corresponding handover
79
Contents 1. Intra-Frequency Handover 1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview 2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure 1. Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 2. Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution 3. Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm
3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page14
80
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement MEASUREMENT CONTROL
UE
UTRAN
MEASUREMENT CONTROL
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page15
z
The measurement control message carries the following information:
z
Event trigger threshold
z
Hysteresis value
z
Event trigger delay time
z
Neighboring cell list
81
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement MEASUREMENT REPORT
UE
UTRAN
MEASUREMENT REPORT
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page16
The purpose of the measurement reporting procedure is to transfer measurement results from the UE to UTRAN. z
z
Based on the algorithm in measurement control, the UE will measure the
signal strength or quality and check if it meet the requirement of all event. If it meet the requirement of any event, UE will send the measurement report to UTRAN to trigger the handover. The most important information in the measurement are the PSC , the CPICH Ec/No of the target cell, and the triggered event.
82
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement z
L3 Filtering for Intra-Frequency Handover
z
The value after L3 filtering procedure is calculated according to following formula: Fn = (1 - α) x Fn-1 + α x Mn
z
where
z
Fn is the new measurement value obtained after L3 filtering.
z
Fn-1 is the last measurement value obtained after L3 filtering.
z
Mn is the latest measurement value obtained from the physical layer.
z
α = 1/2(k/2) (k is set to Intra-freq meas L3 filter coeff)
z
When α is set to 1, that is, k = 0, no L3 filtering is performed.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page17
z
A is measurement value at the physical layer
z
B is the measurement value after layer 1 filtering at physical layer. The value goes from the physical layer to high layer
z
C is measurement after processing in the layer3 filter
z
C’ is another measurement value
z
D is measurement report information sent on the radio interface or Iub interface
83
Key parameters of Intra-frequency Measurement z
z
Intra-freq Measure Quantity
Parameter ID: IntraFreqMeasQuantity
The default value of this parameter is CPICH_Ec/No
Intra-freq meas L3 filter coeff
Parameter ID: FilterCoef
The default value of this parameter is 3
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page18
The measurement quantity of intra-frequency handover can be Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Ec/No or CPICH Received Signal Code Power (RSCP). It can be used in all the measurement events of intra-frequency handover zIntra-freq
Measure Quantity
Parameter ID: IntraFreqMeasQuantity
Value range: CPICH_Ec/No, CPICH_RSCP
Content: This parameter specifies the measurement quantity used in intrafrequency measurement.
The default value of this parameter is CPICH_Ec/No
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
Before judging a measurement event and sending the measurement report, the UE performs L3 filtering for the measurement value. zIntra-freq
meas L3 filter coeff
Parameter ID: FilterCoef
Value range: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19
Content: This parameter specifies the intra-frequency measurement L3 filter coefficient. The greater this value is set, the greater the smoothing effect and the higher the anti-fast fading capability are, but the lower the signal change tracing capability is.
The default value of this parameter is 3
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
84
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events Event 1A
Description The PCPICH quality or strength of the cells in the monitored set enters the reporting range . This indicates that the cell is close to the best cell . A relative high combined gain can be achieved when the cell is added to the active set
1B
The PCPICH quality or strength of the cells in the active set leaves the reporting range. This indicates that a cell is much worse than the quality of the best cell. The cell should not stay in the active set
1C
A non-active PCPICH becomes better than an active PCPICH. This indicates that the quality or strength of a cell is close to the best cell. In addition ,the number of cells in the active set has reached the maximum value. The cell replaces the worst cell in the active set ; thus achieving a higher combined gain
1D
Event of the change of the best cell
1J
RAN10.0 provides the solution to the issue of how to add an HSUPA cell in a DCH active set to an E-DCH active set. Event 1J is added to the 3GPP protocol. This event is triggered when a nonactive E-DCH but active DCH primary CPICH becomes better than an active E-DCH primary CPICH.
85
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1A EVENT
z
Event 1A is triggered on the basis of the following formula
⎛ NA ⎞ M New + CIONew ≥ W ⎜⎜ ∑ M i ⎟⎟ + (1 − W ) M Best − ( R1a − H1a / 2) ⎝ i =1 ⎠
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page20
MNew is the measurement value of the cell in the reporting range.
CIONew is equal to the sum of Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset and Neighboring cell oriented CIO, which is the offset between the cell in the reporting range and the best cell in the active set.
W represents Weighted factor, used to weight the quality of the active set.
Mi is the measurement value of a cell in the active set.
NA is the number of cells not forbidden to affect the reporting range in the active set.
MBest is the measurement value of the best cell in the active set.
R1a is the reporting range or the relative threshold of soft handover. The threshold parameters of the CS non-VP service, VP service, and PS service are as follows:
CS non VP service 1A event relative THD
VP service 1A event relative THD
PS service 1A event relative threshold H1a represents 1A hysteresis, the hysteresis value of event 1A.
86
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1A EVENT
A: signal curve of the best cell in the active set B: signal curve of a cell in the monitoring set C: Th1A curve Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page21
If the signal quality of a cell that is not in the active set is higher than Th1A for a period of time specified by 1A event trigger delay time (that is, Time to trigger in the figure), the UE reports event 1A
87
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover z
z
z
CS non VP service 1A event relative THD
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1ACSNVP
The default value of this parameter is 6 ( 3dB )
VP service 1A event relative THD
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1ACSVP
The default value of this parameter is 6 ( 3dB )
PS service 1A event relative threshold
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1APS
The default value of this parameter is 6 ( 3dB )
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page22
CS non VP service 1A event relative THD
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1ACSNVP
Value range: 0~14.5; step: 0.5
Content: This parameter specifies the relative threshold of event 1A for the CS non-VP service. The larger the parameter value is, the more easily event 1A is triggered..
The default value of this parameter is 6 (3dB)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
VP service 1A event relative THD
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1ACSVP
Value range: 0~14.5; step: 0.5
Content: This parameter specifies the relative threshold of event 1A for the VP service. The larger the parameter value is, the more easily event 1A is triggered..
The default value of this parameter is 6 (3dB)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
PS service 1A event relative THD
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1APS
Value range: 0~14.5; step: 0.5
Content: This parameter specifies the PS service relative threshold of event 1A. The smaller the parameter value is, the more easily event 1A is triggered.
The default value of this parameter is 6 (3dB)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
88
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset
z
Parameter ID: CIO
The default value of this parameter is 0 (0dB )
Neighboring cell oriented CIO
z
Parameter ID: CIOOffset
The default value of this parameter is 0 (0dB )
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page23
Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset
Parameter ID: CIO
Value range: -10
to +10
parameter is used together with Neighboring cell oriented CIO. The sum of the two parameter values is added to the measurement quantity before the UE evaluates whether an event occurred. In handover algorithms, this parameter is used for moving the border of a cell.
z
Content: This
The default value of this parameter is 0 ( 0dB )
Set this parameter through ADD
CELLSETUP/MOD CELLSETUP
Neighboring cell oriented CIO
Parameter ID: CIOOffset
Value range: -10
to +10
Content: This
parameter is used together with Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset. The sum of the two parameter values is added to the measurement quantity before the UE evaluates whether an event has occurred. In handover algorithms, this parameter is used for moving the border of 2 neighbors.
The default value of this parameter is 0 ( 0dB )
Set this parameter through ADD
INTRAFREQNCELL/MOD INTRAFREQNCELL
89
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover z
z
z
1A hysteresis
Parameter ID: Hystfor1A
The default value of this parameter is 0 (0dB )
1A event trigger delay time
Parameter ID: TrigTime1A
The default value of this parameter is D320 ( 320ms )
Weighted factor
Parameter ID: Weight
The default value of this parameter is 0
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page24
1A hysteresis Parameter ID: Hystfor1A Value range: 0~7.5; step: 0.5 Content: This parameter specifies the hysteresis value of event 1A. It is related to the slow fading characteristic. The default value of this parameter is 0 (0dB) Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
1A event trigger delay time Parameter ID: TrigTime1A Value range: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000 ms
Content: This parameter specifies the trigger delay time of event 1A. It is related to the slow fading characteristic. The greater the parameter value, the smaller the probability of misjudgment, but the slower the response of event reporting, triggered by measured signal changes.
The recommended value of this parameter is D320 ( 320ms )
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO . zWeighted factor Parameter ID: Weight
Value range: 0~20,step:0.1
Content: This parameter is used to define the soft handover relative threshold based on the measured value of each cell in the active set. The greater the parameter value, the higher the soft handover relative threshold. When this value is set to 0, the soft handover relative threshold is determined only by the best cell in the active set. .
The Default Value of this parameter is 0 Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
90
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1A Event Report Mode: z
Event Trigger Report
z
Event to Periodical Report
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page25
The report mode of 1A is Event Trigger Report . Generally the event 1A is reported only once. However, to avoid measurement report loss, the event 1A reporting can be turned to periodical reporting.
91
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover 1A event to periodical rpt period
z
Parameter ID: ReportIntervalfor1A
The default value of this parameter is D4000 (4000 ms )
1A event to periodical rpt number
z
Parameter ID: PeriodMRReportNumfor1A
The default value of this parameter is D16
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page26
1A event to periodical rpt period
Parameter ID: ReportIntervalfor1A
Value range: NON_PERIODIC_REPORT, D250, D500, D1000, D2000,
D4000, D8000, D16000
Content: The reporting period for the event 1A. Generally the event 1A is
reported only once. However, to avoid measurement report loss, the event 1A reporting can be turned to periodical reporting.
The default value of this parameter is D4000 (4000 ms)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD
CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
1A event to periodical rpt number
Parameter ID: PeriodMRReportNumfor1A
Value range: D1, D2, D4, D8, D16, D32, D64, infinity
Content: The periodical reporting times for the event 1A. When the actual times exceed this parameter, the periodical reporting comes to an end.
The recommended value of this parameter is D16
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
92
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1B EVENT
z
Event 1B is triggered on the basis of the following formula
M Old + CIOOld
⎛ NA ⎞ ≤ W ⎜⎜ ∑ M i ⎟⎟ + (1 − W ) M Best − ( R1b + H1b / 2), ⎝ i =1 ⎠
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page27
MOld is the measurement value of the cell that becomes worse.
CIOOld is equal to the sum of Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset and Neighboring cell oriented CIO, which is the offset between the cell in the reporting range and the best cell in the active set.
W represents Weighted factor, used to weight the quality of the active set.
Mi is the measurement value of the cell in the active set.
NA is the number of cells not forbidden to affect the reporting range in the active set. MBest is the measurement value of the best cell in the active set.
R1b is the reporting range or the relative threshold of soft handover. The threshold parameters of the CS non-VP service, VP service, and PS services are as follows:
CS non VP service 1B event relative THD
VP service 1B event relative THD
PS service 1B event relative threshold H1b represents 1B hysteresis, the hysteresis value of event 1B.
93
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1B EVENT
A: signal curve of the best cell in the active set B: signal curve of a cell in the monitoring set C: Th1B curve
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page28
If the signal quality of a cell in the active set is lower than Th1B curve for a period of time specified by 1B event trigger delay time (Time to trigger in the figure), the UE reports event 1B
94
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover CS non VP service 1B event relative THD
z
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1BCSNVP
The default value of this parameter is 12 ( 6dB )
VP service 1B event relative THD
z
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1BCSVP
The default value of this parameter is 12 ( 6dB )
PS service 1B event relative threshold
z
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1BPS
The default value of this parameter is 12 ( 6dB )
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page29
CS non VP service 1B event relative THD
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1BCSNVP
Value range: 0~14.5; step: 0.5
Content: This parameter specifies the relative threshold of event 1B for the CS nonVP service. The smaller the parameter value is, the more easily event 1B is triggered .
The default value of this parameter is 12 (6dB)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
VP service 1B event relative THD
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1BCSVP
Value range: 0~14.5; step: 0.5
Content: This parameter specifies the relative threshold of event 1A for the VP service. The smaller the parameter value is, the more easily event 1B is triggered .
The default value of this parameter is 12 (6dB)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
PS service 1A event relative THD
Parameter ID: IntraRelThdFor1APS
Value range: 0~14.5; step: 0.5
Content: This parameter specifies the PS service relative threshold of event 1A. The smaller the parameter value is, the more easily event 1B is triggered .
The default value of this parameter is 12 (6dB)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
95
Parameters of Intra-Frequency
Handover
1B hysteresis
z
Parameter ID: Hystfor1B
The default value of this parameter is 0 (0dB )
1B event trigger delay time
z
Parameter ID: TrigTime1B
The default value of this parameter is D640 ( 640ms )
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page30
1B hysteresis
Parameter ID: Hystfor1B
Value range: 0~7.5; step: 0.5
Content: This
parameter specifies the hysteresis value of event 1B. It is related to the slow fading characteristic.
The default value of this parameter is 0 (0dB)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
1B event trigger delay time
Parameter ID: TrigTime1B
Value range: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560,
5000 ms
Content: This
parameter specifies the trigger delay time of event 1B. It is related to the slow fading characteristic. The greater the parameter value, the smaller the probability of misjudgment, but the slower the response of event reporting, triggered by measured signal changes.
The recommended value of this parameter is D640 ( 640ms )
INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
Set this parameter through SET
96
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1C EVENT
z
Event 1C is triggered on the basis of the following formula
M New + CIONew ≥ M InAS + CIOInAS + H1c / 2,
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page31
MNew is the measurement value of the cell in the reporting range.
CIONew is the cell individual offset value of the cell in the reporting range. It is equal to the sum of Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset and Neighboring cell oriented CIO, which is the offset between the cell in the reporting range and the best cell in the active set.
MInAS is the measurement value of the worst cell in the active set.
CIOInAS is the cell individual offset value of the worst cell in the active set. It is equal to the sum of Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset and Neighboring cell oriented CIO.
H1c represents 1C hysteresis, the hysteresis value of event 1C.
97
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1C EVENT
A: signal curve of the best cell in the active set B: signal curve of a cell in the active set C: signal curve of the worst cell in the active set D: signal curve of a cell in the monitoring set E: Th1C curve Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page32
If the signal quality of a cell not in the active set is higher than Th1C for a period of time specified by 1C event trigger delay time (Time to trigger in the figure), the UE reports event 1C
98
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover z
z
1C hysteresis
Parameter ID: Hystfor1C
The default value of this parameter is 8 (4dB )
1C event trigger delay time
Parameter ID: TrigTime1C
The default value of this parameter is D640 ( 640ms )
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page33
1C hysteresis Parameter ID: Hystfor1C Value range: 0~7.5; step: 0.5 Content: This parameter specifies the hysteresis value of event 1C. It is related to the slow fading characteristic. The default value of this parameter is 8 (4dB) Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
1C event trigger delay time Parameter ID: TrigTime1C Value range: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000 ms Content: This parameter specifies the trigger delay time of event 1C. It is related to the slow fading characteristic. The greater the parameter value, the smaller the probability of misjudgment, but the slower the response of event reporting, triggered by measured signal changes. The recommended value of this parameter is D640 ( 640ms ) Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
99
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1C Event Report Mode: z
Event Trigger Report
z
Event to Periodical Report
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page34
The report mode of 1C is Event Trigger Report . Generally the event 1C is reported only once. However, to avoid measurement report loss, the event 1C reporting can be turned to periodical reporting.
100
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover 1C event to periodical rpt period
z
Parameter ID: ReportIntervalfor1C
The default value of this parameter is D4000 (4000 ms )
1C event to periodical rpt number
z
Parameter ID: PeriodMRReportNumfor1C
The default value of this parameter is D16
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page35
1C event to periodical rpt period
Parameter ID: ReportIntervalfor1C
Value range: NON_PERIODIC_REPORT, D250, D500, D1000, D2000,
D4000, D8000, D16000
Content: The reporting period for the event 1C. Generally the event 1C is
reported only once. However, to avoid measurement report loss, the event 1C reporting can be turned to periodical reporting.
The default value of this parameter is D4000 (4000 ms)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD
CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
1C event to periodical rpt number
Parameter ID: PeriodMRReportNumfor1C
Value range: D1, D2, D4, D8, D16, D32, D64, infinity
Content: The periodical reporting times for the event 1C. When the actual times exceed this parameter, the periodical reporting comes to an end.
The recommended value of this parameter is D16
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
101
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1D EVENT
z
Event 1D is triggered on the basis of the following formula
M Notbest ≥ 10 M Best + H1d / 2,
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page36
MNotBest is the measurement value of a cell that is not in the list of the best cells.
MBest is the measurement value of the best cell in the active set.
H1d represents 1D hysteresis, the hysteresis value of event 1D.
102
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1D Event
A: signal curve of the best cell in the active set B: signal curve of a cell in the active set or monitoring set C: Th1D curve
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page37
If the signal quality of a cell not in the active set is higher than Th1D for a period of time specified by 1D event trigger delay time (Time to trigger in the figure), the UE reports event 1D
103
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover z
z
1D hysteresis
Parameter ID: Hystfor1D
The default value of this parameter is 8 (4dB )
1D event trigger delay time
Parameter ID: TrigTime1D
The default value of this parameter is D640 ( 640ms )
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page38
1D hysteresis Parameter ID: Hystfor1D Value range: 0~7.5; step: 0.5 Content: This parameter specifies the hysteresis value of event 1D. It is related to the slow fading characteristic. The default value of this parameter is 8 (4dB) Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
1D event trigger delay time Parameter ID: TrigTime1D Value range: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000 ms Content: This parameter specifies the trigger delay time of event 1D. It is related to the slow fading characteristic. The greater the parameter value, the smaller the probability of misjudgment, but the slower the response of event reporting, triggered by measured signal changes. The recommended value of this parameter is D640 ( 640ms ) Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z
104
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1J EVENT
z
Event 1J is triggered on the basis of the following formula
M New + CIONew ≥ M InAS + CIOInAS + H1J / 2,
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page39
Reporting event 1J: A non-active E-DCH but active DCH primary CPICH becomes better than an active E-DCH primary CPICH
z
MNew is the measurement result of the cell not included in the E-DCH active set but included in DCH active set.
z
CIONew is the individual cell offset for the cell not included in the E-DCH active set but included in DCH active set becoming better than the cell in the E-DCH active set if an individual cell offset is stored for that cell. Otherwise, it equals 0.
z
MInAS is the measurement result of the cell in the E-DCH active set with the lowest measurement result.
z
CIOInAS is the individual cell offset for the cell in the E-DCH active set that is becoming worse than the new cell.
z
H1J is the hysteresis parameter for event 1J.
105
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 1J Event
A: signal quality curve of a cell in the E-DCH active set B: signal quality curve of the worst cell in the E-DCH active set C: signal quality curve of a cell not in the E-DCH active set but included in DCH active set D: signal quality curve of a cell not in the E-DCH active set but included in DCH active set In the figure, the hysteresis and the cell individual offsets for all cells equal 0 Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page40
z
The first measurement report is sent when primary CPICH D becomes better than primary CPICH B. The "cell measurement event result" of the measurement report contains the information of primary CPICH D and CPICH B.
z
On the assumption that the E-DCH active set has been updated after the first measurement report (E-DCH active set is now primary CPICH A and primary CPICH D), the second report is sent when primary CPICH C becomes better than primary CPICH A. The "cell measurement event result" of the second measurement report contains the information of primary CPICH C and primary CPICH A.
z
The parameters described in the following need to be set on the RNC LMT:
1J hysteresis
1J event trigger delay time
1J event to periodical rpt number
1J event to periodical rpt period
106
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover z
1J Event function
3GPP define the maximum DCH active set size is 6 and the maximum E-DCH active set size is 4
The DCH active set covers the E-DCH active set or they are the same
The best cell in E-DCH active set should be the same as that in DCH active set
Uplink channel type of UE is decided by the best cell in DCH active set
Uplink channel is E-DCH if the best cell in DCH active set supports HSUPA
Uplink channel is DCH if the best cell in DCH active set can NOT support HSUPA
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page41
107
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover z
Processing procedure for 1J Event
The UE reports 1J Event if it find a non-active E-DCH but active DCH cell PCICH becomes better than an active E-DCH PCIPCH
RNC will add the target cell into E-DCH active set if the E-DCH active set is NOT full
RNC will perform replace procedure if the E-DCH active set is full
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page42
108
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover 1J hysteresis
z
Parameter ID: Hystfor1J
The default value of this parameter is 8 (4dB )
1J event trigger delay time
z
Parameter ID: TrigTime1J
The default value of this parameter is D640 ( 640ms )
Max number of cell in edch active cell
z
Parameter ID: MAXEDCHCELLINACTIVESET
The default value of this parameter is 3
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z1J
Page43
hysteresis
Parameter ID: Hystfor1J Value range: 0~7.5; step: 0.5 Content: This parameter specifies the hysteresis value of event 1J. It is related to the slow fading characteristic. The default value of this parameter is 8 (4dB) Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
z1J
event trigger delay time Parameter ID: TrigTime1J Value range: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000 ms Content: This parameter specifies the trigger delay time of event 1D. It is related to the slow fading characteristic. The recommended value of this parameter is D640 ( 640ms ) Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
zMax
number of cell in edch active cell Parameter ID: MAXEDCHCELLINACTIVESET Value range: 1 to 4 Content: This parameter specifies the maximum number of cells in the E-DCH active set. The recommended value of this parameter is 3 Set this parameter through SET HOCOMM .
109
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover z
z
1A Event Report Mode:
Event Trigger Report
Event to Periodical Report
Parameters
1J event to periodical rpt period
Parameter ID: ReportIntervalfor1J
The default value of this parameter is D1000 (1000 ms )
1J event to periodical rpt number
Parameter ID: PeriodMRReportNumfor1J
The default value of this parameter is D64
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page44
The report mode of 1J is Event Trigger Report . Generally the event 1J is reported only once. However, to avoid measurement report loss, the event 1J reporting can be turned to periodical reporting. z
1J event to periodical rpt period Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO
z
1J event to periodical rpt number Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO
110
Contents 1. Intra-Frequency Handover 1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview 2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure 1. Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 2. Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution 3. Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm
3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page45
111
Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution RNC will make decision and execute handover depends on the Events the RNC receives. z
1A Event
z
1B Event
z
1C Event
z
1D Event
z
1J Event
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Event
Page46
Decision and Execution
1A
When receiving an event 1A report, the RNC decides whether to add a cell. For event 1A, the UE can report more than one cell in the event list in one measurement report. These cells are in the list of the Measurement Control message, and they are sequenced in descending order by measurement quantity. For the cells in the list, the RNC adds the radio link to the active set only if the number of cells in the active set does not reach the maximum value.
1B
When receiving an event 1B report, the RNC determines whether to delete a cell.
1C
When receiving an event 1C report, the RNC decides whether to change the worst cell. For event 1C, the UE reports a list that contains good cells and the cells to be replaced, and sequences the cells in descending order by measurement quantity. After receiving the list from the UE, the RNC replaces the bad cells in the active set with the good cells in the list.
112
When receiving an event 1D report, which includes information about only one cell, the RNC learns that the quality of this cell is better than that of the serving cell and takes one of the following actions: If the reported cell is in the active set, the RNC decides whether to change the best cell or reconfigure measurement control. If the reported cell is in the monitored set, If the number of cells in the active set has not reached the maximum value, the RNC decides a soft handover and adds the cell to the active set. If the number of cells in the active set has reached the maximum value, the RNC decides a soft handover and replaces the worst cell in the active set with the reported cell. The RNC determines whether the intra-frequency hard handover scenarios are applicable. For detailed information, see 3.1 Intra-Frequency Handover Types. If any scenario is applicable, the RNC performs an intra-frequency hard handover. •
•
•
1D
•
•
When receiving an event 1J report with information about the good cells and the cells to be replaced, the RNC proceeds as follows: If the current number of cells in the E-DCH active set is less than the value of Max number of cell in edch active set, the uplink of the cell where event 1J is triggered is reconfigured to E-DCH. If the current number of cells in the E-DCH active set is equal to the value of Max number of cell in edch active set, the RNC searches the measurement report for the non-serving Cell_EDCH with the lowest measured quality in the E-DCH active set. Then, the uplink of the cell where event 1J is triggered is reconfigured from DCH to E-DCH, and the uplink of CELL-EDCH is reconfigured from E-DCH to DCH. •
1J
•
113
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover When make decision, RNC must follow these restrictions z
z
Max number of cell in active set
Parameter ID: MaxCellInActiveSet
The default value of this parameter is 3
Minimum Quality Threshold for SHO
Parameter ID: SHOQualmin
The default value of this parameter is -24 ( -24dB)
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page48
Max number of cell in active set Parameter ID: MaxCellInActiveSet
z
Value range: 1~6; Content: This parameter specifies the Max number of cell in active set.
The default value of this parameter is 3 Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD
CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO . Minimum Quality Threshold for SHO
z
Parameter ID: SHOQualmin Value range: -24~0,step:1dB
Content: This parameter specifies the minimum quality threshold for soft handover.. The recommended value of this parameter is -24 (-24dB)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO/ADD CELLINTRAFREQHO/MOD CELLINTRAFREQHO .
114
Rate Reduction After an SHO Failure z
For R99 NRT services to increase the probability of a successful soft handover, the rate reduction is triggered after a admission failure
1A,1C,1D is received by RNC
Execute admission control in target cell
Admission succeed? Rate Reduction
Execute Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page49
If the RNC receives a 1A, 1C, or 1D measurement report, the corresponding cell tries to admit the UE. If the cell fails to admit the UE, the RNC performs the estimation procedure for rate reduction.
115
Rate Reduction After an SHO Failure
z
procedure for rate reduction
Estimation
Execution
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page50
116
z
Estimation Procedure for Rate Reduction
117
The estimation procedure after the cell fails to admit the UE is described as follows: z
Step 1 : The RNC evaluates whether the measurement quantity of the cell failing to be admitted meets the condition of rate reduction.
If the condition is met, the RNC performs a rate reduction process for the handover service immediately.
If the condition is not met, the RNC performs Step2.
z
The condition of rate reduction is as follows:
z
Mnew > Mbest_cell - RelThdForDwnGrd
z
where
z
Mnew is the CPICH Ec/No measurement value of the cell failing to be admitted. Mbest_cell is the CPICH Ec/No measurement value of the best cell in the active set. RelThdForDwnGrd is configured through the parameter Relative threshold of SHO failure.
Step 2 :The RNC evaluates whether the number of SHO failures in the cell exceeds the Threshold number of SHO failure.
If the number of SHO failures in the cell is smaller than the Threshold number of SHO failure, the RNC determines whether the SHO failure evaluation timer has been started:
If the timer has not been started, the RNC starts it. If the timer has been started, the RNC increments the SHO failure counter by one. Before the SHO failure evaluation timer expires, no action is taken and the RNC waits for the next measurement report period. When the SHO failure evaluation timer expires, the RNC sets the SHO failure counter of the corresponding cell to 0 and ends the evaluation.
z
If the number of SHO failures in the cell is larger than or equal to the Threshold number of SHO failure, the RNC performs a rate reduction process for the access service and sets the SHO failure counter of the corresponding cell to 0.
118
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover z
z
z
Relative threshold of SHO failure
Parameter ID: RelThdForDwnGrd
The default value of this parameter is 2 ( 1dB )
Max evaluation period of SHO failure
Parameter ID: ShoFailPeriod
The default value of this parameter is 60 ( 60s )
Threshold number of SHO failure
Parameter ID: ShoFailNumForDwnGrd
The default value of this parameter is 3
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page53
Relative threshold of SHO failure Parameter ID: RelThdForDwnGrd Value range: -29 to +29 ; step: 0.5 dB Content: This parameter specifies the relative threshold for direct rate reduction after an SHO failure. If the difference between the signal quality of the target cell to which an SHO fails and that of the best cell is lower than this relative threshold, the RNC directly initiates a rate reduction process in the active set, regardless of the limitation on the number of SHO failures. The default value of this parameter is 2 (1dB) Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO. Max evaluation period of SHO failure Parameter ID: ShoFailPeriod Value range: 0~120s Content: This parameter specifies the maximum evaluation period of SHO failures for rate reduction. During the evaluation period, the RNC records the number of SHO failures in at most three cells for each UE. After the evaluation period, the RNC clears this record. The recommended value of this parameter is 60 ( 60s ) Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO zThreshold number of SHO failure Parameter ID: ShoFailNumForDwnGrd Value range: 0~63 Content: This parameter specifies the threshold number of SHO failures for rate reduction. If the number of SHO failures in a cell reaches or exceeds this threshold during the period specified by Max evaluation period of SHO failure, the RNC performs a rate reduction process in the active set. After the rate reduction succeeds, the RNC initiates an SHO in the cell. The recommended value of this parameter is 3 Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO z
119
z
Execution Procedure of Rate Reduction
The rate reduction execution procedure is : z
Step1：The RNC performs a rate reduction process for the access service.
z
Step2：After the rate reduction succeeds, the RNC immediately attempts to add this cell to the active set without measurement:
If the cell succeeds in admitting the UE, the RNC adds the radio link and sets the SHO failure counter of the cell to 0 and ends the execution.
If the cell fails to admit the UE, the RNC starts the Period of penalty timer for SHO failure after down rate to avoid an increase in the rate triggered by DCCC within the period. Also in this period, the RNC sets the SHO failure counter of the cell to 0 and ends the execution. If fails to perform a soft handover again, RNC performs the
estimation procedure and the execution procedure, as previously described.
120
Parameters of Rate Reduction Execution z
Period of penalty timer for SHO failure after down rate
Parameter ID: DcccShoPenaltyTime
The default value of this parameter is 30 ( 30s )
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page55
Period of penalty timer for SHO failure after down rate Parameter ID: DcccShoPenaltyTime Value range: 0 to 255 ; step: 1 s Content: If an SHO fails again after the rate reduction, the RNC is forbidden to increase the rate during the period specified by this parameter. The default value of this parameter is 30 ( 30s)
Set this parameter through SET INTRAFREQHO.
121
Contents 1. Intra-Frequency Handover 1. Intra-Frequency handover Overview 2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure 1. Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement 2. Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution 3. Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm
3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page56
122
Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm z
When the UE is in soft handover state
z
The combined neighboring cell list is affect by :
Intra-frequency neighboring cells
Repeat times
Inter-frequency neighboring cells
Serving cell signal quality (Ec/No) order
Inter-RAT neighboring cells
Neighboring cell priority
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page57
After obtaining the intra-frequency neighboring cells of each cell in the active set, the RNC calculates the union neighboring cell set of the intra-frequency cells, which is also referred as Sall, by using the following method. This method can also be used to generate the Sall of inter-frequency or inter-RAT cells. 1,The intra-frequency, inter-frequency and inter-RAT neighboring cells of each cell in the current active set are obtained. 2,The RNC sequences the cells in the active set in descending order of CPICH Ec/No according to the latest measurement report (event 1A, 1B, 1C, or 1D) from the UE. The best cell is based on event 1D, whereas other cells are based on the latest measurement report. 3,The cells in the active set are added to Sall. 4,The neighboring cells of the best cell in the active set are added to Sall. The priority of neighbor cell, which are set for each neighboring cell, are used to change the order of adding the neighboring cells to Sall. 5,The neighboring cells of other cells in the active set are added to Sall in descending order by CPICH Ec/No values of these cells in the active set. The neighboring cells of the same cell in the active set are added according to The priority of neighbor cell and repeated number of repeated neighboring cell is recorded. 6,If there are more than 32 neighboring cells in Sall, delete the neighboring cells whose repeat number in Sall is less. The top 32 neighboring cells are grouped into the final Sall.
If The flag of the priority is switched to FALSE, The priority of neighbor cell is cleared.
If The flag of the priority is switched to TRUE, The priority of neighbor cell is set simultaneously.
123
Parameters of Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm Neighboring Cell Combination Switch
z
Parameter ID: NCELL_COMBINE_SWITCH
The default value of this parameter is OFF
The flag of the priority
z
Parameter ID: NPrioFlag
The default value of this parameter is FALSE
The priority of neighbor cell
z
Parameter ID: NPrio
The default value of this parameter is None
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page58
The NCELL_COMBINE_SWITCH of Handover Algorithm Switch parameter decides the measurement range of neighboring cells If the switch is set to ON, measurement objects are chosen from the neighboring cells of all the cells in the active set.
If the switch is set to OFF, measurement objects are chosen from the neighboring cells of the best cell.
But, limited by the 3GPP, the maximum number of neighboring cells is 32. So if the NCELL_COMBINE_SWITCH is ON, it very possible that the neighboring cell of all the cells in the active set may exceed 32. By the Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm , RNC will choose 32 neighboring cell for measurement. z
Neighboring Cell Combination Switch Parameter ID: NCELL_COMBINE_SWITCH Value range: OFF, ON Content: If the switch is set to ON, measurement objects are chosen from the neighboring cells of all the cells in the active set.If the switch is set to OFF, measurement objects are chosen from the neighboring cells of the best cell. The default value of this parameter is OFF Set this parameter through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
124
z
The flag of the priority Parameter ID: NPrioFlag Value range: FALSE, TRUE Content: FALSE: The priority of the neighboring cell is invalid. The neighboring cells whose priority flag is FALSE are the last ones to be considered as the measurement objects in the neighboring cell combination algorithm. TRUE: The priority of the neighboring cell is valid in the neighboring cell combination algorithm. . The default value of this parameter is FALSE Set this parameter through ADD INTRAFREQNCELL/MOD INTRAFREQNCELL / ADD INTERFREQNCELL/MOD INTERFREQNCELL / ADD GSMNCELL/MOD GSMNCELL
z
The priority of neighbor cell Parameter ID: NPrio Value range: 0 to 30 The default value of this parameter is None Content: When The flag of the priority is TRUE, The priority of neighbor cell specifies the priority of neighboring cells. The smaller the parameter value is, the higher the priority is and the more easily the neighboring cell is chosen as a measurement object in the neighboring cell combination algorithm. For example, the neighboring cells with priority 1 are more easily chosen as the measurement objects than the cells with priority 2 in the neighboring cell combination algorithm.
z
Set this parameter through ADD INTRAFREQNCELL/MOD INTRAFREQNCELL / ADD INTERFREQNCELL/MOD INTERFREQNCELL / ADD GSMNCELL/MOD GSMNCELL
125
Contents 1. Intra-Frequency Handover 1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview 2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure 3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page60
126
Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover There are five types of signaling procedures for intrafrequency handover: •
Intra-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
•
Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
•
Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
•
Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
•
Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page61
127
Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover Intra-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page62
128
Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page63
129
Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page64
130
Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page65
131
Contents 1. Intra-Frequency Handover 2. Inter-Frequency Handover 3. Inter-RAT Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page66
132
Contents 2. Inter-Frequency Handover z Inter-Frequency Handover Overview z Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure z Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page67
133
Inter-Frequency Overview Characters of Inter-Frequency Handover: z
The carrier frequency of the current cell and target cell are different
z
Based on the triggering causes of handover, inter-frequency handover can be categorized into four types .
Coverage-based
QoS-based
Load-based
Speed-based
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Coverage-based inter-frequency handover
z
According to the Link Stability Control Algorithm, the RNC needs to trigger the QoS-based inter-frequency handover to avoid call drops.
Load-based inter-frequency blind handover
z
If a moving UE leaves the coverage of the current frequency, the RNC needs to trigger the coverage-based inter-frequency handover to avoid call drops
QoS-based inter-frequency handover
z
Page68
To balance the load between inter-frequency con-coverage cells, the RNC chooses some UEs and performs the inter-frequency blind handover according to user priorities and service priorities.
Speed-based inter-frequency handover
When the Hierarchical Cell Structure (HCS) applies, the cells are divided into different layers according to coverage. The macro cell has a larger coverage and a lower priority, whereas the micro cell has a smaller coverage and a higher priority. Inter-frequency handover can be triggered by the UE speed estimation algorithm of the HCS. To reduce the frequencies of handover, the UE at a higher speed is handed over to a cell under a larger coverage, whereas the UE at a lower speed is handed over to a cell under a smaller coverage.
134
Contents 2. Inter-Frequency Handover 1. Inter-Frequency Handover Overview 2. Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure 1. Coverage-based inter-frequency handover 2. QoS-based inter-frequency handover 3. Load-based inter-frequency handover 4. Speed-based inter-frequency handover 5. Blind handover Based on Event 1F 6. Inter-frequency anti-PingPong 7. Inter-frequency handover retry 3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page69
135
Procedure of Coverage-based inter-frequency handover
The handover procedure is divided into four phases: handover triggering, handover measurement, handover decision, and handover execution. z
In the triggering phase The RNC notifies the UE to measure through an inter-frequency measurement control message. If the quality of the pilot signal in the current cell deteriorates, the CPICH Ec/No or CPICH RSCP of the UMTS cell that the UE accesses is lower than the corresponding threshold, and the UE reports event 2D.
z
In the measurement phase If the RNC receives a report of event 2D, the RNC requests the NodeB and UE to start the compressed mode to measure the qualities of inter-frequency neighboring cells, and the RNC sends an inter-frequency measurement control message. In the measurement phase, the method of either periodical measurement report or eventtriggered measurement report can be used.
z
In the decision phase After the UE reports event 2B, the RNC performs the handover. Otherwise, the UE periodically generates measurement reports, and the RNC makes a decision after evaluation.
z
In the execution phase The RNC executes the handover procedure. 136
Coverage-based inter-frequency handover MEASUREMENT EVENTS Event 2D
Description
The estimated quality or strength of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold.
2F
The estimated quality or strength of the currently used frequency is above a certain threshold.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page71
When the estimated quality or strength of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold,2D
Event will be triggered, Then RNC will initiate the compress Mode to start interfrequency or inter-RAT handover measurement. During compress mode, if the the estimated quality of the currently used frequency is above a certain threshold, 2F
Event will be triggered, Then RNC will stop the compress Mode.
137
Coverage-based inter-frequency handover Compressed Mode z
Purpose
z
z
Measure the inter-frequency cell or Inter-RAT cell under FDD mode
Categories
Downlink compressed mode
Uplink compressed mode
Realization Methods
SF/2
Higher layer scheduling
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page72
Compressed Mode control is a mechanism whereby certain idle periods are created in radio frames during which the UE can perform measurements on other frequencies. The UE can carry out measurements in the neighbouring cell, such as GSM cell and FDD cell on other frequency. If the UE needs to measure the pilot signal strength of an inter-frequency WCDMA or GSM cell and has one frequency receiver only, the UE must use the compressed mode.
z
Each physical frame can provide 3 to 7 timeslots for the inter-frequency or inter-RAT cell measurement, which enhances the transmit capability of physical channels but reduces the volume of data traffic.
z
In DL, during compressed mode ,UE receiver can test signal from other frequency. In order to avoid the effect cause by UE transmitter, compress mode is also used in UL.
z
The compressed mode includes two types, spreading factor reduction (SF/2) and high layer approaches. The usage of type of compressed mode is decided by the RNC, according to spreading factor used in uplink or downlink.
138
Coverage-based inter-frequency handover 2D EVENT
z
Event 2D is triggered on the basis of the following formula
QUsed = TUsed2d - H2d/2
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page77
QUsed is the measured quality of the used frequency.
TUsed2f is the absolute quality threshold of the cell that uses the current frequency. Based on the service type (CS , PS domain R99 service or PS domain HSPA service) and measurement quantity (CPICH Ec/No or RSCP), this threshold can be configured through the following parameters:
Inter-freq CS measure stop Ec/No THD
Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop Ec/No THD
Inter-freq H measure stop Ec/No THD
Inter-freq CS measure stop RSCP THD
Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop RSCP THD
Inter-freq H measure stop RSCP THD H2f is the event 2F hysteresis value 2F hysteresis.
After the conditions of event 2F are fulfilled and maintained until the parameter 2F event trigger delay time is reached, the UE reports the event 2F measurement report message.
Note: Any of Ec/No and RSCP measurement result can trigger the 2F event.
143
Parameters of inter-frequency handover Inter-freq CS measure stop Ec/No THD
z
Parameter ID: InterFreqCSThd2FEcNo
The default value of this parameter is -12dB
Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop Ec/No THD
z
Parameter ID : InterFreqR99PsThd2FEcNo
The default value of this parameter is -12dB
Inter-freq H measure stop Ec/No THD
z
Parameter ID : InterFreqHThd2FEcN0
The default value of this parameter is -12dB Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page78
Inter-freq CS measure stop Ec/No THD
Parameter ID: InterFreqCSThd2FEcNo
Value range: –24 to 0 ,step :1dB.
The default value of this parameter is -12dB
Content: If the CS service uses Ec/No as a measurement quantity, the UE reports event 2F when the measurement value is higher than the threshold. The RNC sends a message to disable the compressed mode and to stop the inter-frequency measurement.
Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV
z
Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop Ec/No THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqR99PsThd2FEcNo
Value range: –24 to 0 ,step :1dB.
The default value of this parameter is -12dB
Content: If the PS domain R99 service uses Ec/No as a measurement quantity, the UE reports event 2F when the measurement value is higher than the threshold. The RNC sends a message to disable the compressed mode and to stop the inter-frequency measurement.
Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV z
Inter-freq H measure stop Ec/No THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqHThd2FEcN0
Value range: –24 to 0 ,step :1dB.
The default value of this parameter is -12dB
Content: For PS domain HSPA services, when Ec/No is used as the measurement quantity for inter-frequency measurement, the RNC sends the signaling to deactivate compressed mode and stop inter-frequency measurement, if the UE reports the event 2F when the measured value is larger than the value of this parameter .
Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV 144
Parameters of inter-frequency handover Inter-freq CS measure stop RSCP THD
z
Parameter ID: InterFreqCSThd2FRSCP
The default value of this parameter is -92 dBm
Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop RSCP THD
z
Parameter ID : InterFreqR99PsThd2FRSCP
The default value of this parameter is -92dBm
Inter-freq H measure stop RSCP THD
z
Parameter ID : InterFreqHThd2FRSCP
The default value of this parameter is -92dBm Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z
Page79
Inter-freq CS measure stop RSCP THD
Parameter ID: InterFreqCSThd2FRSCP
Value range: –115 to -25 dBm ,step :1dB.
The default value of this parameter is -92 dBm
Content: If the CS service uses RSCP as a measurement quantity, the UE reports event 2F when the measurement value is higher than the threshold. The RNC sends a message to disable the compressed mode and to stop the inter-frequency measurement.
Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV .
z
Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop RSCP THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqR99PsThd2FRSCP
Value range: –115 to -25 dBm ,step :1dB.
The default value of this parameter is -92dBm
Content: If the PS domain R99 service uses RSCP as a measurement quantity, the UE reports event 2F when the measurement value is higher than the threshold. The RNC sends a message to disable the compressed mode and to stop the inter-frequency measurement.
Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV z
Inter-freq H measure stop RSCP THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqHThd2FRSCP
Value range: –115 to -25 dBm ,step :1dB.
The default value of this parameter is -92dBm
Content: For PS domain HSPA services, when RSCP is used as the measurement quantity for inter-frequency measurement, the RNC sends the signaling to deactivate compressed mode and stop inter-frequency measurement, if the UE reports the event 2F when the measured value is larger than the value of this parameter .
Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV
145
Parameters of inter-frequency handover 2F hysteresis
z
Parameter ID: Hystfor2F
The default value of this parameter is 4 (2dB)
2F event trigger delay time
z
Parameter ID : TimeToTrig2D
The default value of this parameter is D1280 (1280 ms)
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
z2F
Page80
hysteresis
Parameter ID: Hystfor2F
Value range: 0 to 29 step :0.5dB.
The default value of this parameter is 4 (2dB)
Content: This parameter specifies the event 2F trigger hysteresis, which is related to slow fading. The greater the value of this parameter, the smaller the probability of ping-pong effect and misjudgment. In this case, however, the event cannot be triggered in time.
Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD
CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV
z2F
event trigger delay time
Parameter ID : TimeToTrig2D
Value range: D0, D10, D20, D40, D60, D80, D100, D120, D160, D200, D240, D320, D640, D1280, D2560, D5000
The default value of this parameter is D1280 (1280 ms)
Content: This parameter specifies the time of event 2F trigger delay, which
is related to slow fading. The greater the value of this parameter, the smaller the probability of misjudgment. In this case, however, the event responds to the changes of measured signals at a lower speed. Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV
146
Coverage-based inter-frequency handover Handover Measurement
RNC
UE Measurement report
2D
Physical Channel Recfg (CM) Physical Channel Recfg Complet(CM) Measurement control (RSCP) Measurement control (Ec/No)
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page81
When the UE enters the compress mode, RNC will trigger the inter-frequency handover measurement by two additional measurement control signaling , so as to request UE test inter-frequency neighbor cell. In this Measurement control message, RNC should inform the UE inter-frequency measurement parameter (Neighbor list, reporting mode…)
147
Coverage-based inter-frequency handover z
Handover Measurement
Report Mode RNC
UE
Measurement control (Periodical, RSCP&Ec/No)
RNC
UE
Measurement control (Event triggering, RSCP) Measurement control (Event triggering ,Ec/No)
Measurement report
Measurement report (2B RSCP or Ec/No)
Measurement report Measurement report
Handover
Handover
Periodical_reporting Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Event_trigger
Page82
The measurement report mode of inter-frequency handover is configured through the parameter Inter-frequency measure report mode. By default ,periodically reporting is recommended. The advantage of periodical measurement report is that if the handover fails, the RNC reattempts the handover to the same cell after receiving the periodical measurement report from the UE. This increases the probability of the success of inter-frequency handover. Based on the measurement control message received from the RNC, the UE periodically reports the measurement quality of the target cell. Then, based on the measurement report, the RNC makes the handover decision and performs handover.
148
Parameters of inter-frequency handover z
z
z
Inter-frequency measure report mode
Parameter ID: InterFreqReportMode
The default value of this parameter is Periodical reporting
Inter-frequency measure periodical rpt period
Parameter ID: PeriodReportInterval
The default value of this parameter is D500 (500 ms)
Inter-freq measure timer length
Parameter ID: InterFreqMeasTime
The default value of this parameter is 60 (60 s)
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page83
Inter-frequency measure report mode Parameter ID: InterFreqReportMode Value range :Periodical reporting, Event trigger The default value of this parameter is Periodical reporting Content: This parameter specifies the inter-frequency measurement report mode. Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV zInter-frequency measure periodical rpt period Parameter ID: PeriodReportInterval Value range : NON_PERIODIC_REPORT, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, 8000, 12000, 16000, 20000, 24000, 28000, 32000, 64000 The default value of this parameter is D500 (500ms) Content: This parameter specifies the interval of the inter-frequency measurement report. Set this parameter through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV zInter-freq measure timer length Parameter ID: PeriodReportInterval Value range : 0 to 512 ,step 1s The default value of this parameter is 60 ( 60s) Content: This parameter specifies the inter-frequency measurement timer length of the interfrequency handover based on coverage or speed. This parameter has no effect on the interfrequency measurement based on QoS. If no such type of inter-frequency handover occurs upon expiry of the interfrequency measurement timer, the system stops the inter-frequency measurement and disables the compressed mode. If this parameter is set to 0, the RNC does not start the inter-frequency measurement timer. . Set this parameter for handover based on coverage through ADD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/MOD CELLINTERFREQHOCOV/SET INTERFREQHOCOV z
149
Coverage-based inter-frequency handover z
Handover Measurement Event 2B is triggered on the basis of the following formula
QNoused >= TNoused2b + H2b/2
QUsed
View more...
Comments
