Hotel Estelar
July 30, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Ua`vers`knk Anf`danb Cnydr ke Vna Cnrfds Lnfubtnk ke F`eaf`ns Nkc`a`strnt`vns E.Y. [ur`scd
[]NMNGD L@ANB KEB FU]VD KE EV[]UF[U]N, E^U@YNC@EA[D P K@VEÞD JD[EBE]D [ECN7 Jdteb Estebnr C`rnlbdres
@atehrnates7 -
Fnatdr`a ^u`aterds, Guna
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Fjdquejunafn Lnbfda, Kna`tzn
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Fuyd Fnbkeröa, Ceb`ssn
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]nc`rez ^u`atds, @vetj
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]equean Vunrez, K`nan
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[ncnyd Vdtd, Vjnrda
Fursd7 EV[]UF[U]N, E^U@YNC@EA[D P K@VEÞD JD[EBE]D Kdfeate7 Ch. Vnrn Y`erreak Jeraîakez B@CN- YE]× =9=9
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KEVN]]DBBD7 KEVN] ]DBBD7 ................ ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ....................= ...=
n. Kesfr`pf`öa heaernb keb jdteb7 .................................................................................=
m. Fdafeptd keb jdteb7 .................................................................................................; f. Îrens keb jdteb7 .......................................................................................................8 k. Estru Estrufturn fturn77 ................................. .................................................. ................................. ................................. .................................. .......................... .........>9 e. K`seþd y Equ`pnc`eatd ......................................................................................... >= l.
Cnquetn v`rtunb7.......... ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ................... ................ ...... >:
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FDAFBUV@DAE FDAFBU V@DAEV V ................................. ................................................. ................................ ................................. ................................ ...............6:
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]ELE]EAF@NV M@MB@DH]ÎL@FNV ...................................................................... 60
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@A[]DKUFF@ÖA7
N bd bnrhd ke bds b ds nþds eb seftdr jdteberd jn fref`kd `afreãmbeceate y fda àb tncm`àa jna `afreceatnkd eb a÷cerd ke jnm`tnf`daes pdr jdteb n a`veb cuak`nb y estd bd fdal`rcna bns estnkãst`fns ke dfupnm`b`knk y bns auevns `avers`daes jdteberns ea eb cuakd. Eb a÷cerd ke tur`stns `afreceatn fnkn vez cîs, ea v`stn n este fdatextd bns persdans musfna snb`r ke rut`an y peradftnr ea jdtebes yn sena ke bugd d ad, cîs persdans musfna renb`znr v`nges que kurea cîs ke uan adfje, ads eafdatrncds lreate n ex`heates tur`stns que snbea ea musfn ke fdcdk`knkes y lnf`b`knkes fdcpnrnakd jdtebes. Estd dr`h`an bn fdcpeteaf`n y eb fdastnate cegdrnc`eatd ke serv`f`ds, equ`pnc`eatds y estrufturns keb seftdr jdteberd. Eb nbdgnc`eatd es uan ke bns lnf`b`knkes mîs`fns keatrd keb tur`scd fdas`kernkns c`auf`dsnceate pdr eb tur`stn, cîs n÷a s` fdas`kerncds nquebbds v`nges que pnsna bds = kãns ke peradfte. Ebeh`r eb jdteb fdrreftd, que se ncdbke n auestrns aefes`knkes, que teahn uan um`fnf`öa fàatr`fn y ua muea prest`h`d sda nbhuads ke bds nspeftds que tdcncds ea fueatn nb jdspeknrads ea ua jdteb? `afbusd n vefes kef`k`cds hnstnr cîs ke bd prdspeftnkd n fncm`d ke ua jdspeknge hrntd, sehurd, fdaldrtnmbe y fda est`bd. Jdteb Estebnr es ua jdteb um`fnkd ea C`rnlbdres pds`f`dankd ea bn fnp`tnb b`ceþn, fdas`kernkd ke bugd y fdaldrt. Cek`nate eb preseate trnmngd se kesfr`me y nanb`zn tnatd n bn fnkean jdtebern fdcd bn estrufturn, equ`pnc`eatd y k`seþd keb Jdteb Estebnr C`rnlbdres ea mnse n `avest`hnf`öa m`mb`dhrîl`fn y bn exper`eaf`n ke ua `atehrnate que v`eae bnmdrnakd ea eb estnmbef`c`eatd.
=
@@.
KEVN]]DBBD7 n. Kesfr`pf`öa heaernb keb jdteb7
Eb Jdteb Estebnr um`fnkd ea C`rnlbdres (Nv. Nblrekd Meanv`kes ;>5, C`rnlbdres >598;) es ua jdteb perteaef`eate n bn bãaen VUYE]@D] que bn fnkean t`eae keatrd ke su pdrtnldb`d (Eatre bds funbes t`eaea7 Jdtebes Yr`ce, ]esdrts, Jdtebes Vuper`dr, Jdtebes Eseaf`nb, Npnrtnceatds). Este jdteb ke bugd estî s`tunkd ea uan fnbbe na`cnkn, n >= c`autds n p`e keb featrd fdcerf`nb Bnrfdcnr y n = oc keb cused Junfn Yufbbnan. Eb jdteb se fnrnfter`zn pdr mr`aknr bugd y sdl`st`fnf`öa nb serv`f`d keb kesfnasd ea sus >5> jnm`tnf`daes (Estîaknr ^ueea Mek, Estîaknr Mek O`ah, Estîaknr [w`a Mek, Vuper`dr O`ah Mek, Gua`dr Vu`te O`ah Mek, Yrec`uc Vu`te O`ah Mek) , fda su
kefdrnf`öa cdkeran, sdmr`n y luaf`danb, kdake bd seaf`bbd se ebevn n bn cîx`cn ebehnaf`n y eb ncm`eate es fîb`kd y nfdhekdr, fda tdkd t`pd ke serv`f`ds nb nbfnafe ke bn cnad. Bns jnm`tnf`daes sda seaf`bbns y fueatna fda suebds y cuembes ke cnkern, X`-L` hrnt`s, tebev`s`öa ke pnatnbbn pbnan, c`a` aevern y fngn luerte. Bns su`tes gua`dr `afbuyea zdan ke kesfnasd. Este jdteb fueatn fda serv`f`ds hrntu`tds fdcd npnrfnc`eatd y kesnyuad mullet, que se s`rve ea ua restnurnate ebehnate ea eb p`sd => fda ua espeftnfubnr pnadrncn ke bn f`uknk y keb cnr perunad. [ncm`àa k`spdae ke ua mnr ebehnate, uan p`sf`an exter`dr fda cncpdsterãn ke p`ekrn y uan fnsfnkn, ua h`cans`d y snbns ke reua`daes d eveatds. Kntd `cpdrtnate7 Jdrn ke reh`strd ke eatrnkn7 >5799 Jdrn ke reh`strd ke snb`kn7 >=799
6 J`stdr`n
Jdtebes Estebnr V.N. lue luaknkn ea >05 f`uknkes y 6 pnãses, kek`fîakdse n bn prdcdf`öa, fdastruff`öa, nkc`a`strnf`öa, dpernf`öa y expbdtnf`öa ke jdtebes prdp`ds d ke terferds ea Fdbdcm`n d ea eb exter`dr. Estn ecpresn fdbdcm`nan `a`f`ö sus bnmdres fda eb Jdteb @aterfdat`aeatnb Fnb`, fdastru`kd eatre >008>, fdcd uan aefes`knk lreate nb fdcprdc`sd ke dmteaer bn seke ke bds \@ Guehds Ynancer`fnads, bbncîakdse ea su cdceatd Yrdjdtebs VN que ea >0:< fncm`ö su rnzöa sdf`nb n Jdtebes Estebnr ke Fdbdcm`n V.N. Ea Yer÷7 Bn fnkean ke Jdtebes Estebnr, ke prdp`eknk keb hrupd fdbdcm`nad Nvnb, `a`f`ö dpernf`daes ea eb Yer÷ ea eb =99: fda eb Jdteb Eb Bnhd ea Nrequ`pn que t`ecpd kespuàs pnsö n bbncnrse Estebnr Eb Bnhd Jdteb & Featrd ke Fdaveaf`daes y cnrfö su `ahresd n bn fnp`tnb perunan fda bn nkqu`s`f`öa ke kds jdtebes ea C`rnlbdres pdr bn sucn ke UV$>: c`bbdaes ea eb =9>>. Bds funbes luerda bds jdtebes Yr`af`pnb y Mebbnv`stn ke prdp`eknk ke bn fnkean estnkdua`kease ke jdtebes y fns`ads [juakerm`rk y que nater`drceate perteaef`erda n bn fnkean perunan Bns Ncàr`fns, y que bn fnkean [juakerm`rk fdcprö ea =998. Bds funbes pnsnrda n bbncnrse Jdteb Estebnr C`rnlbdres, eb funb fueatn fda >5> Jnm`tnf`daes fbns`l`fnkns ea Estîaknr, Vuper`dr, Gua`dr Vu`te, [w`a y Yrec`uc Estebnr `kenb pnrn estnkãns ke aehdf`ds d tur`scd y Estebnr Npnrtnceatds Mebbnv`stn, eb funb v`eae n ser ua npnrtjdteb que fueatn fda ;5 Kepnrtnceatd Kepnrtnceatdss bds funbes se fbns`l`fna ea Npnrtnceatd Gua`dr, Vu`te Vea`dr P Vu`te Egefut`vn. .
;
Ea eb nþd =9>=9 jnm`tnf`daes, fda ua featrd ke fdaveaf`da fdaveaf`daes es pnrn 599 persdans y fnpnf`knk ea bn pbnyn pnrn eveatds ke jnstn >.999 persdans. Ea eb =9>0, eb Estebnr Eb Bnhd Jdteb & Featrd ke Fdaveaf`daes perteaef`e perteaef`eate ate n bn fnkean lue nkqu`r`kd pdr eb hrupd ]NH Jdbk`ah y pnsö n teaer bn cnrfn M[J fda eb auevd adcmre M[J Jdteb Nrequ`pn Bnoe. V`a ecmnrhd, estd ad s`ha`l`fö uan hrna pàrk`kn yn que, ea eb c`scd nþd se `anuhurö eb Jdteb Estebnr Vna @s`krd k`r`h`kd nb seftdr ecpresnr`nb que kesnrrdbbn eb tur`scd ke aehdf`ds, fueatn fda :9 Jnm`tnf`daes Estîaknr, [w`a, Gua`dr Vu`te. m. Fdafeptd keb jdteb7 C@V@ÖA JD[EBEV EV[EBN] Ver pnrtãf`pe ke bds sueþds ke auestrds fb`eates, trnmngnakd pnrn supernr sus expeftnt`vns, mr`aknakd serv`f`ds ke jdsp`tnb`knk fda exper`eaf`ns `aadvnkdrns y ke fnb`knk, n trnvàs ke fdbnmdrnkdres fdcprdcet`kds y fdcpeteates? heaernakd fdal`nazn ea auestrds `avers`da`stns. \@V@ÖA JD[EBEV EV[EBN] Ver bn fnkean bãker ea jdsp`tnb`knk ea bds pnãses que teahncds preseaf`n? fda bds cîs nbtds estîaknres ke serv`f`d y ncnm`b`knk, s`eakd uan drhna`znf`öa söb`kn, k`aîc`fn y ea fdastnate expnas`öa? heaernakd reatnm`b`knk pnrn bds prdp`etnr`ds e `avers`da`stns y m`eaestnr n auestrds fdbnmdrnkdres. \NBD]EV P Y]@AF@Y@DV FD]YD]N[@\DV Nfdrke fda bds nspeftds ke bn pbnaenf`öa estrntàh`fn ke Jdtebes EV[EBN] preseatncds bds vnbdres ke bn Fdcpnþãn7 \NBD]EV FD]YD]N[@\DV d
Jdsp`tnb`knk7 Bds fdbnmdrnkdres ea EV[EBN] ads fnrnfter`zncds pdr
nfdher n auestrds juàspekes fda fnb`kez, k`st`af`öa y ebehnaf`n.
5
d
@aadvnf`öa7 eatrehncds serv`f`ds ntrnft`vds y advekdsds que superea bns
expeftnt`vns ke auestrds juàspekes y fb`eates. d
Fdal`nm`b`knk7 Fucpb`cds fda bd prdcet`kd nb dlrefer bds cegdres prdkuftds
y serv`f`ds n ua pref`d gustd y rnzdanmbe. d Yns`öa pdr eb serv`f`d7 Fdatncds fda Fdbnmdrnkdres fdcprdcet`kds y leb`fes pdr prestnr ua serv`f`d k`lereaf`nkdr y exper`eaf`ns cecdrnmbes, bdhrnakd bn benbtnk perkurnmbe ke auestrds fb`eates. d
[rnmngd ea equ`pd7 Fda eb npdrte ke tdkds bds que `atervea`cds ea bds
k`lereates prdfesds, musfncds eb bdhrd ke bds dmget`vds drhna`znf`danbes. d
Exfebeaf`n7 Musfncds lrefueateceat lrefueateceate e auestrd cegdrnc`eatd fdat`aud.
d
Egecpbnr`knk7 Auestrds Fdbnmdrnkdres kemea ser egecpbd ke fucpb`c`eatd
y represeatnf`öa ke bn Drhna`znf`öa.
Y]@AF@Y@DV FD]YD]N[@\DV Eb fdcpdrtnc`eatd ke bds Nkc`a`strnkdres y Fdbnmdrnkdres ke Jdtebes EV[EBN] V.N. kemerî estnr nfdrke fda bds s`hu`eates pr`af`p`ds estnmbef`kds ea eb Ybna Estrntàh`fd ke Jdtebes EV[EBN] V.N.7 d
]espetd7 Esfufjncds, eateakecds y vnbdrncds nb dtrd, musfnakd nrcdaãn
ea bns rebnf`daes `aterpersdanbes, bnmdrnbes y fdcerf`nbes. d
Jdaest`knk7 ]enb`znrecds tdkns bns dpernf`daes fda trnaspnreaf`n y
reft`tuk. d
Benbtnk7 Heaerncds nbterant`vns que perc`tna cegdrnr eb resubtnkd ke
auestrd trnmngd, fdatr`muyeakd nb nuceatd ke bn prdkuft`v`knk y bn el`f`eaf`n ea fdstds, nfdrke fda bns adrcns, b`aenc`eatds b `aenc`eatds y prdfek`c`eatds ke bn Drhna`znf`öa. d
@atehr`knk7 [eaecds uan fdakuftn `rreprdfjnmbe y ua fdcpdrtnc`eat fdcpdrtnc`eatdd
`atnfjnmbe ea funbqu`er s`tunf`öa.
<
d
Veat`kd ke perteaeaf`n7 Veat`cds que sdcds pnrte ke bn fdastruff`öa ke
uan drhna`znf`öa söb`kn, k`aîc`fn y ea fdastnate expnas`öa, kdake vnbdrncds auestrd trnmngd, usncds el`f`eateceate bds refursds y sdcds pnrte luaknceatnb ea eb bdhrd ke bds b ds resubtnkds. d
Equ`knk e `cpnrf`nb`knk7 Nftuncds fda behnb`knk, gust`f`n y trnaspnreaf`n
tnatd ea bn prestnf`öa ke serv`f`ds, fdcd ea bns rebnf`daes bnmdrnbes, s`a trntnr fda pr`v`beh`d d k`sfr`c`anf`öa, s`a teaer ea fueatn bn fdak`f`öa efdaöc`fn, sdf`nb, `kedböh`fn, pdbãt`fn, sexunb, rnf`nb, reb`h`dsn d ke funbqu`er dtrn anturnbezn. K@\E]V@KNK KE YD][NLDB@D JD[EBEV Y]@CE7 K`seþnkds fda bn ebehnaf`n, exfbus`v`knk y fdaldrt ke bds cîs ex`heates estîaknres `ateranf`danbes. Hrnakes espnf`ds, k`lereates ncm`eates y uan fdcpbetn dlertn ke serv`f`ds. ]EVD][V7 Eb kesfnasd v`std fdcd bn cîs nbtn expres`öa ke fdcdk`knk, exfbus`v`knk, muea hustd, sdl`st`fnf`öa, k`vers`öa, nft`v`knk, snmdres, serv`f`ds fdcpbetds y auevns seasnf`daes seasnf`daes.. JD[EBEV VUYE]@D]7 Jdtebes fda uan exfebeate um`fnf`öa ea fnkn uad ke auestrds kest`ads? k`lereates est`bds fda uan fdcpbetn `alrnestrufturn y fnb`knk ke serv`f`ds pnrn v`nges ke aehdf`ds y vnfnf`daes. JD[EBEV EVEAF@NB7 Ua fdafeptd cdkerad, prîft`fd y versît`b, fda serv`f`ds nbtnceate el`f`eates pnrn bds v`s`tnates ke aehdf`ds, cnatea`eakd exfebeat exfebeatee fnb`knk y um`fnf`öa. NYN][NCEA[DV7 Nbtn fnb`knk, exfebeates espnf`ds y tdtnb fdcdk`knk ea ua fdafeptd ke nbdgnc`eatd pnrn bnrhns estnkãns fda bds cîs fdcpbetds serv`f`ds jdteberds. VEHCEA[D YN]N BDV JD[EBEV EV[EBN] Yersdans ke =5 n 59 nþds Estrntd sdf`nb7 nbtd
8
Ecpresnr`ds, egefut`vds, persdanges pdbãt`fds, kepdrt`stns, persdanges p÷mb`fds que v`ngna pdr fuest`daes ke aehdf`d y tur`stns extrnagerds ea su cnydrãn. Ea dfns`daes qu`eaes jnfea bns reservns sda bns ecpresns pnrn bns funbes trnmngna estns persdans que heaernbceate percnaefea pnrn bd estr`ftnceate aefesnr`d (kdrc`r, kesnyuanr, feanr). f. Îrens keb jdteb7
Î]EN
]efepf`öa
KEVF]@YF@ÖA
Îren eafnrhnkn ke ref`m`r n bds juàspekes, veaker, ns`hanr jnm`tnf`daes, knr `aldrcnf`öa, reh`strd ke eatrnkns nb jdteb, fdatrdb ke eatrnkns y snb`kns keb jdteb, etf. ]efursd Jucnad (5)7 -
Gele ke ]efepf`öa
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]efepf`da`stns
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Mdtöa
:
Kepnrtnceatd ke Nb`ceatds y
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mem`kns
]estnurnate `ateranf`danb y mullet ke lus`öa anf`danb e `ateranf`danb um`fnkd ea eb p`sd => fda uan v`stn pnadrîc`fn
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Verv`f`d ke mnr
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]ddc serv`fe
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Îren ke pnankerãn y pnsteberãn.
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Verv`f`d mullet pnrn eveatds.
]efursd Jucnad7 -
gele ke fdf`an
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Fdf`aerds
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Cdzds
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Vtewnrs
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Fjels
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gele ke mnr
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Mnrcna
0
Kepnrtnceatd ke
Es eb kepnrtnceatd fda cnydr a÷cerd ke
Jduseoeep`ah
ecpbenkds ea eb jdteb. Ve eafnrhn ke bn b`cp`ezn keb jdteb, jnm`tnf`daes, pns`bbds, dl`f`ans, îrens fdcuaes, etf. Este kepnrtnceatd tncm`àa es respdasnmbe keb serv`f`d ke bnvnakerãn y t`atdrerãn, ke bn beaferãn, ke bds serv`f`ds ke nyukn ke fîcnrn. Eb equ`pd ke p`sds estî ldrcnkd pdr bn hdmeranatn/e y bns fncnrerns/ds ke p`sd. Bn hdmeranatn se eafnrhn ke drhna`znr y repnrt`r tnrens, fdatrdbnr bds pek`kds y ex`steaf`ns (beaferãn), pbna`l`fnr bds jdrnr`ds keb persdanb n su fnrhd, refdh`kn ke kntds estnkãst`fds y fdcua`fnf`öa. Bns fncnrerns ke p`sd se eafnrhna ke bns tnrens ke b`cp`ezn, fdatrdb ke bns jnm`tnf`daes y c`a`mnres fdcua`fnakd bns `af`keaf`ns eafdatrnkns. ]efursd Jucnad (>>)7 -
Ncn ke bbnves
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Fncnrerds
>9
Kepnrtnceatd ke
Este kepnrtnceatd es respdasnmbe ke bn
Cnatea`c`eatd
preveaf`öa y cnatea`c`eatd keb `ater`dr y exter`dr ke bn prdp`eknk, ea npnr`eaf`n y equ`pnc`eatd.
Kepnrtnceatd ke ]efursds
Îren eafnrhnkn ke bn hest`öa nkc`a`strnt`vn,
Jucnads
refbutnc`eatd y sebeff`öa, ldrcnf`öa y kesnrrdbbd, pnhds keb persdanb. ]efursd Jucnad (;)7
Îren ke Na`cnf`öa
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Nkc`a`strnkdr
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Nsesdres
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Nbqu`ber keb equ`pd aefesnr`d pnrn bds eveatds renb`znkds keatrd keb jdteb
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Verv`f`d ke persdanb pnrn mullet.
k. Estrufturn7 Eb jdteb Estebnr es ua jdteb urmnad puestd que se um`fn ea bds featrd ke aehdf`d ke bn f`uknk um`fna ea bns zdans res`keaf`nbes cîs `cpdrtnates y ferfn ke bns t`eakns ke cdkn ke bugd .N k`lereaf`n ke bds jdtebes um`fnkds luern ke bds featrds ke bn f`uknk, bds bdtes k`spda`mbes ea zdans urmnans sda ke tncnþd rekuf`kd s`eakd ke v`tnb `cpdrtnaf`n bdhrnr uan dpernf`öa reatnmbe n trnvàs ke uan fdrreftn k`str`muf`öa ke bns îrens, eav`nakd bn cnydr fnat`knk ke zdans dpernt`vns, que ad requ`erna
>>
v`stn jnf`n bn fnbbe, nb sötnad y jnferbns bd cîs luaf`danbes pds`mbes pnrn ev`tnr kecdrns ea bn nteaf`öa n bds juàspekes. Bns zdans ke kesecmnrque ke fnc`daes y ref`md ke cerfnkerãn keme um`fnrse ea ua buhnr dpuestd nb `ahresd pr`af`pnb yn que es bn zdan ceads kesenkn kem`kd n bn mubbn, sda`kd y v`sunb`znf`öa ke bds fnc`daes. Bn estrufturn keb jdteb fueatn fda funtrd sötnads y == p`sds ke nbturn. 9>. Ea eb funrtd sötnad eafdatrncds7 Bnvnakerãn
➛
Fdcekdr pnrn eb persdanb
Îren ke jduseoeep`ah
Îren ke pnankerãn
Îren nbcnfàa
Îren ke cnatea`c`eatd
➛
➛
➛
➛ ➛
9=. [erfer y sehuakd sötnad7 Estnf`danc`eatds
➛
➛
Îren ke bnftnaf`n
96. Yr`cer sötnad7
Îren ke ]]. JJ.
Bdmmy
Îren ke veatns y reservns
Îren ke sehur`knk
Vnbdaes pnrn eveatds
➛
➛ ➛ ➛
➛
9;. Yr`cer p`sd7
➛
]efepf`öa
95. Keb sehuakd p`sd nb funrtd p`sd7
>9 snbdaes pnrn eveatds
Dl`f`ans `aterans y exterans
➛
➛
9=
Îren ke fdf`an
Vnbdaes pnrn eveatds
➛
➛
98. Vextd p`sd7
Îren ke p`sf`an
Îren ke h`cans`d
➛
➛
9:. Keb sextd p`sd nb p`sd =9 eafdatrncds
>5> jnm`tnf`daes `asdadr`znkns y s`a mnrrerns nrqu`teftöa`fn nrqu`teftöa`fns. s.
Estîaknr ^ueea Mek (=8 c½)
Estîaknr [w`a Mek (=0 c½)
Vuper`dr O`ah Mek (=0 c½)
Gua`dr Vu`te O`ah Mek
Yrec`uc Vu`te O`ah Mek (5= c½)
➛
◌ ◌ ◌
◌ ◌
90. Y`sd => ]estnurnate
➛
Mnr
Îren ke fdf`an
➛ ➛
>9. Y`sd ==7
➛
Îren restr`a restr`ah`kn h`kn (sdbd persdanb nutdr`znkd, cnatea`c`eatd y
sehur`knk) e. K`seþd y Equ`pnc`eatd Jdteb Estebnr preseatn uan lnfjnkn que jn perkurnkd kurnate bds k`lereates fncm`ds ke nkc`a`strnf`öa. Yreseatn uan s`ahubnr fdak`f`öa nrqu`teftöa`fn y que hunrkn nrcdaãn fda eb eatdrad ferfnad. Eb fdaguatd t`eae uan eat`knk, ad tna sdbd luaf`danb, s`ad tncm`àa uan pdteate `cnhea jnf`n eb exter`dr, uan `keat`knk que eb k`seþd y bn nrqu`tefturn be prdpdrf`dana. Bn lnfjnkn ke v`kr`d pbntenkn mr`akn ua est`bd cdkerad y vnahunrk`stn hrnf`ns nb k`seþd fum`stn. Nsã c`scd, eb `ater`dr preseatn uan kefdrnf`öa cdkeran, sdmr`n y luaf`danb, kdake bd seaf`bbd se ebevn n bn cîx`cn ebehnaf`n y eb ncm`eate es fîb`kd y nfdhekdr, fda tdkd t`pd ke serv`f`ds nb nbfnafe ke bn cnad. N fdat`aunf`öa, fdadferecds nbhuads ke bds ncm`eates cîs sdmresnb`eates7
>6 ●
]efepf`öa
Ea bds nþds ve`ate keatrd keb seftdr jdteberd se pr`v`beh`nmn bds hrnakes espnf`ds, perd bn kepres`öa efdaöc`fn ke >0=0 pr`v`beh`ö bn kefdrnf`öa ke bns jnm`tnf`daes sdmre bds hrnakes espnf`ds p÷mb`fds. Ynrn eb s`hbd ZZ@ se v`eae pr`v`beh`nakd bdmm`es cîs ãat`cds y fîb`kds fda cegdres nfnmnkds y p`ezns ke nrte.
Bn refepf`öa keb jdteb Estebnr t`eae ua k`seþd seaf`bbd y nfdhekdr puestd que bds fdbdres que prekdc`ana ea pnrekes y p`sd es eb mbnafd y me`he, c`eatrns que bn cuemberãn ut`b`zn fdbdres cnrrdaes? nsã c`scd, bn k`str`muf`öa ke bn `buc`anf`öa bek ea eb lrdat keso relbegn cdkera`knk y ncpb`tuk nb espnf`d tdtnb. Eb p`sd ferîc`fd fren ua ncm`eate jdcdhàaed y ebehnate fdav`rt`eakd eb îren ke refepf`öa ea ua reluh`d que ecnan fnb`kez drhîa`fn y ebehnaf`n. Nsã c`scd, preseatn eb s`hu`eate equ`pnc`eatd7 ◄ Equ`pds `aldrcît`fds ◄
Fnbfubnkdrn
◄
YDV
◄
Cdstrnkdr
◄
[nr`lnr`d ke bds serv`f`ds
◄
Vdltwnre ke jdteber`n
◄
Featrnb tebelöa`fn
◄
\`kedfîcnrns ke v`h`bnaf`n
◄ ◄ ◄ ◄
B`mrd ke dfurreaf`ns B`mrd ke refbncnf`daes Cnaegd ke bbnves ke bns jnm`tnf`daes N`re Nfdak`f`dankd
d Bdmmy Eb bdmmy se eafueatrn ea eb pr`cer sötnad keb jdteb, eb funb preseatn eb s`hu`eate equ`pnc`eatd7 ◄
Cuemberãn
◄
Nbldcmrn
>; ◄
N`re Nfdak`f`dankd
◄
Lbdrerd
◄
Bîcpnrns
◄
Cesns ke featrd
◄
Funkrds kefdrnt`vds
◄ ◄
[ebeldaãn Fîcnrns ke sehur`knk
d Jnm`tnf`daes Ex`stea >59 jnm`tnf`daes, bns funbes se eafueatrna fbns`l`fnkns ea7 EV[ÎAKN], VUYE]@D], GUA@D] VU@[E, [X@A P Y]EC@UC EV[EBN]. Bns jnm`tnf`daes sda seaf`bbns y fueatna fda suebds y cuembes ke cnkern que fdcm`ana fda pnrekes ke fdbdr me`he d ker`vnkds keb me`he, eb p`sd estî ebnmdrnkd n mnse n tnmbdaes ferîc`fds fda npnr`eaf`n ke cnkern anturnb, bn cuemberãn preseatn fdbdres cnrrdaes bds funbes se nfdpbna fdrreftnceate fda bufes fîb`kns prdvea`eates ke bns bîcpnrns. [dkds bds nspeftds nater`drceat nater`drceatee ceaf`dankds, se uaea pnrn mr`aknr ua ncm`eate nfdhekdr y fîb`kd ea bns jnm`tnf`daes. Ke cnaern hbdmnb, bns jnm`tnf`daes keb jdteb Estebnr preseatna bds s`hu`eates equ`pnc`eatds7 ◄
[ebev`s`öa pbnscn
◄
[ebàldad
◄
B`mretn
◄ ◄
Bnp`ferd Fdbfjdaes
◄
Fncns extrnbnrhns (cîs ke =c)
◄
Nbcdjnkns
◄
Beaferãn
◄
Fumrefncns
◄
]ebdg
◄
Espegds
◄
Bîcpnrn
◄
Fdrt`ans mbnfodut
>5 ◄
Cuemberãn
◄
\ebnkdr ke adfje
◄
V`bbn
◄
Esfr`tdr`d
◄
Lbdrerd
◄ ◄
Mnsurerd Funkrds kefdrnt`vds
◄
[dnbbn
◄
Ynatulbns
◄
Mntn
◄
N`re Nfdak`f`dankd
◄
Ybnafjn y cesn pnrn pbnafjnr
◄
@ateraet X`l`
◄
C`a`mnr
◄
Fngn luerte
d Verv`f`ds J`h`àa`fds Bds serv`f`ds j`h`àa`fds keatrd ke bns jnm`tnf`daes preseatna bds s`hu`eates `cpbeceatds7 ◄
Bnvntdr`d
◄
@adkdrd
◄ ◄
[`an / kufjn Ncea`t`es ( sjncpdd, nfdak`f`dankdr,gnm nfdak`f`dankdr,gnmöa öa ea mnrrn)
◄
Ynpeb j`h`àa`fd
◄ ◄
[dnbbn ]ef`p`eate ke ncea`t`es (gnmdaern)
◄
Vefnkdrn ke fnmebbd
◄
[nfjds ke mnsurn
◄
Espegd
◄
\nsd ke fr`stnb
><
d ]estnurnate Eb jdteb Estebnr fueatn fda eb restnurnate ‒Y`sd =>– bbncnkd nsã kem`kd n que se eafueatrn ea eb ceaf`dankd p`sd. Dlrefe fdc`kn anf`danb e `ateranf`danb ea ua ncm`eate rdcîat`fd y ebehnate puestd que ea este ncm`eate prekdc`an bn fdcm`anf`öa ke fdbdres aeutrds fdcd eb perbn fda fdbdres cnrrdaes. Nkecîs, ex`ste uan muean `buc`anf`öa hrnf`ns n bns ncpb`ns veatnans que perc`tea dmteaer uan v`stn pnadrîc`fn keb k`str`td ke C`rnlbdres. [dkd eb fdafeptd ke ebehnaf`n es nfdcpnþnkd fda funkrds kefdrnt`vds, fnakebnmrds y ua p`nad ke cnkern nb bnkd ke bn esfnbern. Fnme refnbfnr que, hrnf`ns n sus ncpb`ns veatnans, eb ntnrkefer `buc`an tdkn eb îren mr`aknakd ua ncm`eate fîb`kd, ebehnate y nfdhekdr. Eb restnurnate preseatn bds s`hu`eates equ`pnc`eatds equ`pnc`eatds77 ◄ ◄
Cesns V`bbns
◄
Fr`stnberãn y bdzn7 fufjnrns, fum`ertds, pbntds (mnse, exteak`kd,
jdakd, pnsteb, tnzöa, pdstre), tnzns, vnsds, fea`ferds, frecerns, nzufnrerns, snberds y p`ceaterds ◄ ◄ ◄ ◄
Cnateberãn (Cnatebes, serv`bbetns) Lnfturn pnrn fb`eates Cea÷s ke fdc`kn y v`ads pnrn fdceasnbes Nbldcmrn
d Îren ke Fdf`an Eb îren ke fdf`an preseatn eb s`hu`eate equ`pnc`eatd7 ◄
Equ`pd ke fdf`an (Estuln, jdrad ke c`frddakns, bnvnbdzn, cesn ke
trnmngd, nsnkdr, lre`kdrn, b`funkdrn) ◄
Uteas`b`ds (snrteaes, dbbns, fnzuebns)
◄
Extrnftdres
>8 ◄
@astnbnf`daes ke hns
◄
Equ`pd e `astnbnf`daes pnrn eb nbcnfeange
◄ ◄
Fîcnrns ke relr`hernf`öa Ua`ldrce pnrn fdf`aerds y persdanb
d Vnbdaes pnrn eveatds Eb jdteb Estebnr preseatn f`afd t`pds ke snbdaes, bds funbes se fnrnfter`zna pdr pdseer pnrekes fda fdbdres aeutrds que bbncna n bn fdafeatrnf`öa fdcd eb perbn y eb fdbdr cnrröa. Estd lnf`b`tn bn nknptnm`b`knk keb espnf`d pnrn nbmerhnr reua`daes ke k`versns tecît`fns. >) Nuk`tdr`d Yreseatn uan fnpnf`knk pnrn 59 persdans. =)
[`pd U
Yreseatn uan fnpnf`knk pnrn >: persdans. 6)
Nubn
Yreseatn uan fnpnf`knk pnrn =; persdans. ;)
Fdfteb
Yreseatn fnpnf`knk pnrn =99 persdans. 5)
Mnaquetes
Yreseatn fnpnf`knk pnrn >=9 persdans Ea nspeftds heaernbes, bds snbdaes ke eveatds pdseea bds s`hu`eates equ`pnc`eatds7 ◄
Gnrrns ke v`kr`d
◄
Fr`stnberãn
>: ◄
Cnateberãns (Cnateb y Verv`bbetns)
◄
Fum`ertds
◄
Ybntds
◄
Bnp`ferd
◄
Yrdyeftdr
◄ ◄
Efrna Cesns ke reua`daes
◄
V`bbns pnrn dl`f`an
◄
Ydk`d
◄
C`fröldad
◄
Ynrbnate
l. Cnquetn v`rtunb7 Ea eb preseate npnrtnkd preseatnrecds uan represeatnf`öa hrîl`fn ke nbhuans îrens que tdcncds ea fueatn pnrn uan cegdr exper`eaf`n keb beftdr. Eb trnmngd lue renb`znkd ea eb prdhrncn rddcstyber 6K, ke estn cnaern trntncds ke trnsbnknr bn s`cubnf`öa n bn renb`knk ke bds espnf`ds cîs `cpdrtnates keb jdteb que pnsnrecds n ketnbbnr n fdat`aunf`öa7
]efepf`öa7
•
Um`fnkd ea bn pr`cern pbnatn keb jdteb, s`eakd estn cuy ncpb`n y nffes`mbe pnrn bds juàspekes. Fda tres nsfeasdres, cuembes, nffesdr`ds, `buc`anf`öa nkefunkn pnrn ua hrntd ref`m`c`eatd nb juàspek. Estn îren hnrnat`zn bn nteaf`öa s`ecpre ferfnan y prdles`danb bns =; jdrns.
>0
Cnquetn ea =K
@cîheaes ea 6K7
=9
=>
Îren ke eveatds7 Este espnf`d fueatn fda bds s`stecns nuk`dv`sunbes cîs nvnaznkds y bn luaf`danb`knk aefesnr`n pnrn uan reua`öa ea B`cn. Eb persdanb espef`nb`znkd estî n serv`f`d nates, kurnate y kespuàs ke fnkn eveatd, pnrn hnrnat`znr eb àx`td y bn fnb`knk ke serv`f`d ea fnkn dfns`öa. Cnquetn ea =k
@cnhea ea 6k
==
=6
Y`sf`an7 Este espnf`d lue fdastru`kd pnrn eb k`slrute ke bds juàspekes, ncpb`d nb n`re b`mre um`fnkd ea eb sextd p`sd keb jdteb nsehurn ua cdceatd ke rebngd, espnrf`c`eatd y k`slrute ke sdb guatd n uan p`sf`an rebngnate n funbqu`er cdceatd keb kãn. Cnquetn ea =K7
@cîheaes ea 6K7
=;
H`cans`d7 Um`fnkd ea eb sextd p`sd keb jdteb guatd n bn p`sf`an, estn îren prdpdrf`dan k`lereates cîqu`ans pnrn bds juàspekes ncnates keb kepdrte d egerf`f`d, equ`pnkd fda bd aefesnr`d dlrefe ua espnf`d nhrnknmbe tdtnbceate prdp`f`d pnrn cnateaerse ea muean ldrcn lãs`fn. Cnquetn ea =K7
=5
Cnquetn ea 6K7
=<
Jnm`tnf`daes7 Fda ua tdtnb ke >5> jnm`tnf`daes eb jdteb estebnr dlrefe k`lereates fntehdrãns ke jnm`tnf`daes7 Estîaknr ^ueea Mek7 Cnquetn ea =K7
Cnquetn ea 6K
=8
=:
Estîaknr [w`a Mek7 Cnquetn ea =K7
Cnquetn ea 6K
=0
69
Yrec`uc Vu`te O`ah Mek7 Cnquetn ea =K7
6>
Cnquetn ea 6K7
6=
66
]estnurnate Y`sd =>7 Eb refdadf`kd restnurnate Y`sd => um`fnkd ea pea÷bt`cd p`sd keb jdteb dlrefe bn cîs vnr`nkn hnstrdadcãn pnrn bds juàspekes y v`s`tnates exterads. Nkecîs, resnbtn uan v`stn espeftnfubnr ke keske bd nbtd keb jdteb puk`eakd dmservnr bds nbrekekdres keb k`str`td ke C`rnlbdres y bn puestn ke sdb n bd begds ea eb cnr. Cnquetn ea =K7
6;
Cnquetn ea 6K7
65
Îren ke Mnr Este espnf`d estî um`fnkd ea eb pea÷bt`cd p`sd keb jdteb guatd nb restnurnate dlref`eakd k`lereates t`pds ke mem`kns pnrn eb k`slrute ke bds v`s`tnates ea k`lereates jdrnr`ds. Cnquetn ea =K7
6<
Cnquetn ea 6K7
68
6:
@@@.
FDAFBUV@DAEV
Bn fnkean ke jdtebes Estebnr musfn dlrefer uan dlertn `atehrnb ke nbdgnc`eatd k`r`h`kn n v`ngerds fdrpdrnt`vds y turãst`fds ea eb pnãs, fda ua fdafeptd fbnrd ke serv`f`d el`f`eate y fîb`kd fda uans tnr`lns fda bn cegdr fnb`knk/pref`d fnb`knk/pref`d.. Bn fnkean ke jdtebes Estebnr jn vea`kd fref`eakd ke cnaern fdastnate ea bds pnãses kdake v`eae dpernakd fda uad n kds jdtebes naunbes. Egecpbd ke ebbd, es eb Estebnr Vna @s`krd `anuhurnkd ea eb =9>0. Eb Jdteb Estebnr C`rnlbdres fueatn fda uan um`fnf`öa estrntàh`fn ea bn lncdsn Nvea`kn Bnrfd, bd que resubtn ntrnft`vd pnrn eb tur`stn y eb v`ngerd ke aehdf`ds. Nsã fdcd, hunrkn fdafdrknaf`n ea funatd n bn estrufturn, k`seþd y equ`pnc`eatd ke tdkds bds jdtebes perteaef`eates n bn fnkean. @\.
]EFDCEAKNF@DAEV
Nbhd que `cpres`dan n bds juàspekes ea bns jnm`tnf`daes es bn v`stn que t`eaea, perd bds cuembes y nbhuads nffesdr`ds ke bns jnm`tnf`daes sda nat`huds que cufjds refdc`eakna que yn kem`esea ser reecpbnznkds.
Eb fncm`d ke bns fdrt`ans ke pbîst`fds ea bds mnþds keme ser `acek`ntd, puestd que ea ua jdteb que represeatn ebehnaf`n kemerã kemerãnn `cpbeceatnr cncpnrns ea bds mnþds. Eb îren keb bdmmy se eafueatrn cuy nbegnkn ke refepf`öa, pdr bd tnatd, serãn nkefunkd nþnk`r nbhuads cuembes cîs ea bn eatrnkn ke refepf`öa pnrn que bds hrupds ke juàspekes kesfnasea funakd bbehuea nb jdteb c`eatrns jnfea fjefo `a d fjefo dut. Fdas`kerncds que bn fnkean ke jdtebes Estebnr kestnfn pdr eb fucpb`c`eatd ke tdkd bd dlref`kd ea serv`f`ds keatrd ke sus `astnbnf`daes n trnvàs keb trnmngd k`nr`d ke tdkds bds fdbnmdrnkdres se ve relbegnkd ea eb `cpnftd pds`t`vd que se bbevna bds juàspekes que se nbdgna ea eb jdteb. jdteb.
60
@\.
]ELE]EAF@NV M@MB@DH]ÎL@ M@MB@DH]ÎL@FNV FNV
Nrnakn, E. (8 ke Gub`d ke =9>>). ]YY Adt`f`ns. Dmtea`kd ke www.rpp.pe7 jttps7//rpp.pe/efdadc`n/ jttps7//rpp .pe/efdadc`n/efdadc`n/fdbdcm efdadc`n/fdbdcm`nan-jdtebes-estebnr-nkqu`ere-kds `nan-jdtebes-estebnr-nkqu`ere-kds-jdtebes-ea-b`cn-adt`f`n-6:=&`sN bbdwek3y Estebnr C`rnlbdres. (s.l. ke s.l. ke s.l.). Estebnr C`rnlbdres Vuper`dr . Dmtea`kd ke jttps7//www.estebnrc`rnlbdres. jttps7//ww w.estebnrc`rnlbdres.fdc/serv`f`ds/ fdc/serv`f`ds/ Jdtebes Estebnr. (s.l.). Jdteb Estebnr C`rnlbdres. ]efupernkd eb =; ke Vet`ecmre ke =9=9, ke Jdtebes Estebnr Xem s`te7 jttps7//www.jdtebesestebnr.fdc/ea/jdteb/jdtebestebnr-c`rnlbdres b`cnperujdtebs.aet. (s.l. ke s.l. ke s.l.). Dmtea`kd ke jttp7//tjuakerm`rk-spr`af`pnb.b`cnperujdtebs.aet/es/#cn`a Yer÷
=>.
(>:
ke
cnyd
ke
=998).
Yer÷
=>.
Dmtea`kd
jttp7//nrfj`vd.peru=>.pe/ad jttp7//nrfj`vd .peru=>.pe/adt`f`n/;;860/fn t`f`n/;;860/fnkean-estnkdua`keas kean-estnkdua`kease-tjuakerm`rke-tjuakerm`rkfdcprn-jdtebes-ncer`fns
B`ao ke prdhrncn kdake se renb`zö bn b n cnquetn v`rtunb7 jttps7//rddcstyber.fdc/users/=:0= jttps7//rddcstyber.fdc/ users/=:0=
ke
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