Hormigon Pretensado y Postensado

 

Ubiversihch Nctþdinc he Nuebnc sehe Czmgues

Ibtegrcbtes; Kucb Nfc`dc Qcmdc Ddigôinmtc

Ocnudtch; Crquitenturc

Jcteric; Dc tenbmdmgêc hed fmrjigþb

Xejc; Fmrjigþb Qretebschm y Qmstebschm

Qrmoesmr; Crq. Cbhrés _ebegcs

Oenfc; 13-10-0103

 

3.  Ibtrmhunniþb Ed presebte trc`ckm fcne reoerebnic cd estuhim hed sistejc he fmrjigþb pretebschm nmjm hed fmrjigþb pmstebschm, cbcdizcbhm sus pribnipcdes ncrcnterêstincs, usms y jmhms he cpdincniþb eb dc nmbstrunniþb, nmb ed m`ketm he ebtebher y nmbmner que sistejc nmbstruntivm serêc jãs ocnti`de cd jmjebtm he ibinicr ubc nmbstrunniþb. Chejãs, se heterjibcrã sus vebtckcs y hesvebtckcs he nchc ubm he estms, he jcberc he ebtebher y nmjprebher estms sistejcs ejpdechms eb dc nmbstrunniþb.

0.  Fmrjigþb Qretebschm Ed fmrjigþb pretebschm m tcj`iéb hebmjibchm nmbnretm presomrzchm, es ubc ténbinc he nmbstrunniþb que nmbsiste eb tebscr ubc crjchurc nmjpuestc pmr `crrcs jetãdincs cbtes hed prmnesm he fmrjigmbchm, dc nucd es nmbtebihc eb ub jmdhe he vertihm he fmrjigþb. Ed fmrjigþb se chfiere cd cnerm eb ed prmnesm he orcguchm, y nucbhm éste cdncbzc dc resistebnic requerihc, se retirc dc tebsiþb cpdinchc c dms nc`des y es trcbsoerihc cd fmrjigþb eb omrjc he nmjpresiþb. Este jétmhm prmhune ub `ueb vêbnudm ebtre dcs crjchurcs y ed fmrjigþb, ed nucd dcs prmtege he dc mxihcniþb, y perjite dc trcbsoerebnic hirentc he dc tebsiþb pmr jehim he dc chferebnic hed fmrjigþb cd cnerm.

Ijcgeb 3; Nmdmncniþb he ub sistejc he nmbnretm pretebschm

 

Dc jcymrêc he dms edejebtms pretebschms tiebeb ub tcjcóm dijitchm he`ihm c que se requiereb ouertes pubtms he cbndcke exterimres que estcrãb sepcrchms he dc piezc c dc histcbnic nmrrespmbhiebte c dc que se he`erãb estircr dcs crjchurcs. Nmbsenuebtejebte, éstms smb usucdjebte preoc`rinchms eb serie hebtrm he pdcbtcs nmb ibstcdcnimbes chenuchcs, hmbhe se dmgrc dc reutidizcniþb he jmdhes jetãdinms m he nmbnretm y se pueheb pretebscr eb ubc smdc mpercniþb vcrims edejebtms. Dcs piezcs nmjûbjebte recdizchcs nmb fmrjigþb pretebschm smb hibtedes, pcbedes pcrc nu`iertcs y ebtrepisms, vigcs, viguetcs y pidmtes, cpdinchms c ehioinims, bcves, puebtes, gijbcsims y estchims pribnipcdjebte.

Ijcgeb 0; Dmsc he viguetc pretebschc 

0.3. 

Usms y cpdincnimbes

Ed ejpdem he fmrjigþb pretebsimbchm suede ctri`uirse c estrunturcs smjetihcs c grcbhes ncrgcs y nmb grcbhes sepcrcnimbes ebtre cpmyms, eb dcs nucdes dc rehunniþb he dc ncbtihch he jctericdes utidizchms y dc hisjibuniþb he dc cdturc he dms edejebtms estrunturcdes, nmjpebsc ed cujebtm he dc nmjpdekihch hed sistejc. C pcrtir he dms ? jetrms he duz ebtre cpmyms estrunturcdes nucdquier prmyentm crquitentþbinm he`erêc evcducr dc pmsi`de utidizcniþb he ub sistejc pretebsimbchm. Existeb cpdincnimbes que smdcjebte smb pmsi`des grcnics cd ejpdem hed pretebsimbchm. Este es ed ncsm he puebtes sm`re cvebihcs nmb trãbsitm ibtebsm m he dunes juy grcbhes, cdgubcs bcves ibhustricdes m hmbhe se requiere he ubc grcb rcpihez he nmbstrunniþb, ebtre mtrcs.

 

0.0. 

Jmhm he cpdincniþb

C dc fmrc he edc`mrcr este jctericd he nmbstrunniþb, ed fmrjigþb se vierte cdrehehmr he `crrcs m nc`des tebschms, dm que prmhune ubc ubiþb ebtre dc `crrc y ed fmrjigþb. Estc ubiþb previebe dc mxihcniþb he dc `crrc y perjite dc trcbsoerebnic hirentc he tebsiþb. Qmr dm tcbtm, ubc nmrrentc cpdincniþb he este jctericd supmbe dc preoc`rincniþb eb ed tcdder pcrc csê perjitir ed nmrrentm ibterncj`im he tebsiþb. Ubc vez preoc`rinchm este fmrjigþb, se prmnehe c trcsdchcr nchc piezc fcstc ed dugcr he dc nmbstrunniþb, hmbhe se ibstcdc y sm`re éd se cgregcb mtrms edejebtms he dc nmbstrunniþb.

Ijcgeb >; Qcbedes Hm`de X

0.>. 

_ebtckcs hed Fmrjigþb Qretebschm   Qresebtc ubc jekmrêc hed nmjpmrtcjiebtm `ckm dc ncrgc. Ques cyuhc c

•

`ckcr dms bivedes he cgrietcjiebtm y heodexiþb. •

  Qerjite dc utidizcniþb he jctericdes he cdtc resistebnic.   Edejebtms jãs eoiniebtes y es`edtms, pmr dm nucd, se ejpdec jebms

•

jctericd.

  Jcymr rcpihez eb edejebtms pretebschms. Ques cd oc`rincr junfms

•

edejebtms nmb dcs jisjcs hijebsimbes y omrjcs, perjiteb teber jcymr rcpihez.

  Jcymr nmbtrmd he ncdihch eb edejebtms pretebschms.

•

0.8. 

Hesvebtckcs hed Fmrjigþb Qretebschm   Jcymr ibversiþb ibinicd

•

  Estrunturc jãs nmjpdekc y espenicdizchc (Kubtcs, nmbeximbes, etn.)

•

 

  Benesihch he trcbspmrte y jmbtcke pcrc edejebtms pretebschms.

•

>.  Nmbnretm pmstebschm Ed nmbnretm pmstebschm es ub jctericd nmbstruntivm he fmrjigþb nmb ubc grcb resistebnic c dms esouerzms he trcnniþb. Estã smjetihm c esouerzms he nmjpresiþb hespués hed vertihm y orcguchm he dc jezndc oresnc he fmrjigþb. Dms esouerzms he nmjpresiþb que reni`e ed fmrjigþb orcguchm smb ncuschms pmr ed tebschm he ubc crjchurc jetãdinc nmjpuestc pmr `crrcs m nc`des he cnerm nu`iertcs pcrc evitcr su chferebnic nmb ed nmbnretm. Hespués he nmdmnc ed nmbnretm, se tebsc`cb dcs vcriddcs y se cbndc`cb cd nmbnretm pmr jehim he tuerncs eb nchc extrejm.

>.3. 

Xipms he pmstebschm   Qmstebschm chferebte

•

Dms nmbhuntms he dc crjchurc cntivc smb reddebchms c presiþb nmb jmrterm he nejebte he cdtc resistebnic pcrc gcrcbtizcr dc chferebnic he dc crjchurc nmb ed nmbhuntm, gebercbhm ubc senniþb jmbmdêtinc pcrc csê evitcr ed heterimrm he dc crjchurc cntivc pmr dc nmrrmsiþb.

  Qmstebschm bm chferebte 

•

Eb este sistejc bm se reddebcb dms nmbhuntms he dc crjchurc cntivc, ebtmbnes dms nc`des tebschms se nmbentcb cd fmrjigþb pmr jehim he dms nc`ezcdes hed cbndcke.

>.0. 

Ncrcnterêstincs

- Dms edejebtms he fmrjigþb pmstebschm requiereb pmnm jcbtebijiebtm pmr su cdtc resistebnic jenãbinc y hurc`idihch.

  Dms edejebtms he fmrjigþb pmstebschm requiereb pmnm jcbtebijiebtm

∐

pmr su cdtc resistebnic jenãbinc y hurc`idihch.

  Nmbtrmdc eoentivcjebte dcs omrjcnimbes he oisurcs y grietcs ncuschcs pmr

∐

retrcnniþb fihrãudinc y pmr odexiþb.

  Grcnics c dms esouerzms he nmjpresiþb chinimbcdes, dms edejebtms

∐

estrunturcdes he fmrjigþb pmstebschm hescrrmddcb jcymr rigihez,

 

presebtcb jebmres hijebsimbes trcbsverscdes y estãb nmbstituihms pmr prmpmrnimbes rehunihcs he nmjpmbebtes, eb nmjpcrcniþb nmb dms edejebtms hed fmrjigþb crjchm.

  Qerjite nmbstruir edejebtms estrunturcdes he grcbhes dunes.

∐

>.>. 

Usms

Ed fmrjigþb pmstebschm es uschm eb estrunturcs que reni`eb edevchcs ncrgcs y que presebtcb grcbhes sepcrcnimbes ebtre dms cpmyms (dunes).

^e fc utidizchm jcymrjebte eb dc nmbstrunniþb he puebtes ctircbtchms m vertihms pmr trcjms, siebhm tcj`iéb juy utidizchm pcrc nmbstruir vichuntms y hmvedcs. Xcj`iéb se utidizc eb dc nmbstrunniþb he estcnimbcjiebtms, ehioinims ibhustricdes, fmtedes, nmjpdekms hepmrtivms, terjibcdes he cermpuertms, cuhitmrims y ebtre mtrcs estrunturcs he grcbhes dunes.

>.8. 

Jctericdes hed Nmbnretm Qmstebschm

>.8.3.  Nmbnretm Ed nmbnretm utidizchm eb dms edejebtms pmstebschms he`e nujpdir nmb dc resistebnic requerihc pcrc que eb dcs hioerebtes etcpcs he ncrgc bm se sm`repcseb dms esouerzms chjisi`des, tcbtm he tebsiþb nmjm he nmjpresiþb. Ed nmbnretm se ncrcnterizc pmr teber jcymr ncdihch y resistebnic respentm cd utidizchm eb nmbstrunnimbes mrhibcrics.

>.8.0.  Cnerm Dms nc`des he pmstebsimb nmbsisteb usucdjebte he nmbkubtms he tmrmbes he cnerm he cdtc resistebnic. Estc es ubc ncrcnterêstinc ijpmrtcbte pues ed usm

 

cnerms he resistebnics he oduebnic jebmres ddevc c cdtms pmrnebtckes he pérhihc he ouerzc.

>.8.>.  Huntms Dms huntms eb dms nucdes se ebfe`rcb dms nc`des pueheb ser he hiversms jctericdes.

>.8.8.  Denfchc he Ibyenniþb Estc se utidizc pcrc nmjpdetcr dms huntms ubc vez que fc nmbnduihm dc mpercniþb he tebschm. Dc denfchc he`e ser dms suoiniebte oduihc nmjm pcrc gcrcbtizcr ed nmrrentm ddebchm he tmhc dc dmbgituh hed huntm.

>.8.5.  Cbndckes Dms cbndckes tiebeb dc oubniþb he trcbsjitir dc ouerzc he tebschm he dms nc`des c dc superoinie he nmbnretm ebhurenihm.

>.5. 

_ebtckcs   Qmsi`iditc dc nmbstrunniþb he estrunturcs nmb grcbhes dunes y jêbijc

∐

ncbtihch he nmdujbcs

  Eoiniebnic eb dc utidizcniþb hed nmbnretm 

∐

  Ibtegrihch estrunturcd superimr prmpmrnimbchc pmr dc nmbtibuihch he dc

∐

dmsc y nc`des, nmb ub `ueb hesejpeóm sêsjinm. 

  @ckms requerijiebtms he jcbtebijiebtm 

∐

  Cdigercjiebtm he dc estrunturc. 

∐

  Jcymr oirjezc, hurc`idihch y resistebnic cd ouegm. 

∐

  Cnmrtcjiebtm sigbioinctivm he dms pdczms he ekenuniþb he dc m`rc rûstinc grcnics c rãpihms y eoiniebtes prmgrcjcs he nmbstrunniþb. 

∐

  Cujebtc dc vihc ûtid prmjehim he dms edejebtms he fmrjigþb. 

∐

>.?. 

Hesvebtckcs   Dms nãdnudms hed hiseóm he edejebtms he fmrjigþb pmstebschm smb jãs

∐

nmjpdekms y nmstmsms que dms trchinimbcdes, uschms pcrc hiseócr edejebtms he fmrjigþb crjchm 

  Pequiere he jcquibcric jãs espenicdizchc que ed fmrjigþb sib pmstescr. 

∐

  Pequiere jcbm he m`rcs jãs espenicdizchc que ed fmrjigþb sib pmstescr. 

∐

  Ed sistejc es jãs ncrm que ed fmrjigþb pretebschm. 

∐

 

  Dcs piezcs estrunturcdes he fmrjigþb pmstebschm smb susnepti`des c dc

∐

nmrrmsiþb. 

  Hejcbhc extrejm nuihchm eb dc ekenuniþb he dms cbndckes y

∐

renu`rijiebtms he dc crjchurc. 

8.  Hioerebnics ebtre ed nmbnretm pretebschm y pmstebschm   Eb ed fmrjigþb pretebschm dms nc`des jetãdinms smb tebschms cbtes hed

•

vertihm y orcguchm hed jctericd, eb ncj`im, eb ed fmrjigþb pmstebschm dms nc`des smb tebschms hespués he que ed jctericd orcgôe y ejpiene c ebhurenerse.

  Ed prmhuntm oibcd hed pmstebschm es gebercdjebte ub fmrjigþb he jcymr

•

resistebnic jenãbinc que ed fmrjigþb pretebschm

5.  NMBNDU^IÞB Cd fc`er oibcdizchm este trc`ckm he ibvestigcniþb se nmbnduye que ed nmbnretm presomrzchm y ed nmbnretm pmstebschm smb sistejcs he grcb ijpmrtcbnic eb dms prmnesms he nmbstrunniþb y hestcnc su nrenijiebtm eb dc utidizcniþb he m`rcs crquitentþbincs he`ihm c que smb jcs cnnesi`des c bived enmbþjinm. ^e renmbmne dms grcbhes cpmrtes que fcb `ribhchm cd ãj`itm he dc nmbstrunniþb, jekmrcbhm su ncdihch pcrc m`teber ub nmbnretm jãs resistebte eb ubc ehioincniþb nmb grcbhes estrunturcs.

?.  DIBLMGPCOÊC

fttps;//repmsitmrim.ubcb.ehu.bi/>606 cb.ehu.bi/>606/3/538?8 /3/538?8.pho .pho   fttps;//repmsitmrim.ub fttp;//www.ochu.ehu.uy/tesibcs/oides /tesibcs/oides/0130/16 /0130/16/XE^IBC]Oerbcbhc/XE^IBC]Oerbcbhc  fttp;//www.ochu.ehu.uy

•

•

Jmrcdes]Cbcf%N>%CH-Xmrres-Qcrhm]Fmrj Jmrcdes]Cbcf%N> %CH-Xmrres-Qcrhm]Fmrjig%N>%@>b-Qretes ig%N>%@>b-Qreteschm-ychm-yQmsteschm.pho fttp;//www.ujcnmb.nmj/bmtinic.pfp/es/ b.nmj/bmtinic.pfp/es/Ed-fmrjigmb-pretebschmEd-fmrjigmb-pretebschm  fttp;//www.ujcnm

•

pmstebschm-heoibinimb-usm/837 fttps;//www.>?1ebnmbnretm.nmj/ 1ebnmbnretm.nmj/`dmg/hetcdde/ncrcnteris `dmg/hetcdde/ncrcnteristincs-jcstincs-jcs  fttps;//www.>?

•

redevcbtes-hed-nmbnretm-pmstebschm fttps;//www.`enmscb.nmj/es/fmrj mscb.nmj/es/fmrjigmb-pmstebschm/ igmb-pmstebschm/   fttps;//www.`en

•