History 166 Midterm Reviewer

Imagination in History: Teodoro Teodoro Agoncillo -Imagination is as important and necessary in the writing of history as it is in the writing of ction, drama, or poetry. -George Bernard Shaw: “Imagination in history is something to be deplored since history deals primarily and supremely with facts. -!istory is not a matter of compiling and reciting facts, or marshaling them in a time- se"uence, and of allowing them to spea# for themsel$es. -It should pro$ide not only the bones, but also the %esh and blood of those moments which once were here but are now only memories. -!istory re"uires a disciplined imagination. -!istory thus concei$ed is a creati$e endea$or. -Imagination is conditioned by the facts. &he two are inseparable. -Interpretation is an aspect of historical imagination. -Imagination not based on facts is wild. -&here is no such thing as complete history. !istory as actuality is partially recaptured by the historian through a careful and 'udicious use of data. It is a recreation of the past. -!istorians study facts thoroughly and intensely in order to go into or to participate in the e$ents or in the li$es of men he intends to write about. -(ithout this imaginati$e understanding, it would be impossible for any historian to communicate with his sub'ects and, ultimately, to re-li$e the past. imperative. &he imagination -It should ha$e basis in the logical imperative. &he imagination is anchored upon reasoning that issues from the nature of the sub'ect under study. ). *o two historians confronted with the same set of facts, would arri$e at e+actly the same interpretation . Interpretations $ary in proportion to their ability to write eecti$ely and clearly.

 &hus, each generation generation writes writes its own history history and contribut contributes es its own interpretations. -R.G. Collingwood coined the term interpolation it is the insertion of statements between those made by a historians authorities or sources. -/ny interpolation that is not necessitated by the e$idence is not historical imagination but a literary one such as that employed by ctionists, poets, dramatists, and historical no$elists. no$elists. -&he di0culty of employing historical imagination lies not so much in the absence of documentary e$idence as in the lac# of restraint on the part of the historian. -1rior #nowledge of that particular time and of the subse"uent times is needed. -&he use of this aspect of historical imagination is important not only in literature , but also in history. 2or history is not a mere compilation of cut-and-dried facts and puled one on top of another, but a recreation of  what the historian belie$es to be signicant. -!istory, to be worthy of its name, must be written with imagination, with $er$e and color as primary sources would allow. -&he ad$ance of the scientic spirit after Darwin led to the positivistic doctrine of the scientic method in history. -&he obsession of the academic historians was the mechanics of history, and thus, obsessed they forget or deliberately submerged the e"ually important element of art in history. -3anger of o$eremphasi4ing the $alue of accuracy is that it tends to: sti%e the creati$e spirit of the student whose minds are drowned by facts without being allowed to wea$e them into an artistic whole. -&he only scientic part of history is that which deals with spade wor# and the sifting of facts, the rest belongs to the humanities. -Soul is necessary to it as to a poem or wor# of art, and the indi$iduality of the writer should be re%ected in it. Nascent Philippine Nationalism

 &hus, each generation generation writes writes its own history history and contribut contributes es its own interpretations. -R.G. Collingwood coined the term interpolation it is the insertion of statements between those made by a historians authorities or sources. -/ny interpolation that is not necessitated by the e$idence is not historical imagination but a literary one such as that employed by ctionists, poets, dramatists, and historical no$elists. no$elists. -&he di0culty of employing historical imagination lies not so much in the absence of documentary e$idence as in the lac# of restraint on the part of the historian. -1rior #nowledge of that particular time and of the subse"uent times is needed. -&he use of this aspect of historical imagination is important not only in literature , but also in history. 2or history is not a mere compilation of cut-and-dried facts and puled one on top of another, but a recreation of  what the historian belie$es to be signicant. -!istory, to be worthy of its name, must be written with imagination, with $er$e and color as primary sources would allow. -&he ad$ance of the scientic spirit after Darwin led to the positivistic doctrine of the scientic method in history. -&he obsession of the academic historians was the mechanics of history, and thus, obsessed they forget or deliberately submerged the e"ually important element of art in history. -3anger of o$eremphasi4ing the $alue of accuracy is that it tends to: sti%e the creati$e spirit of the student whose minds are drowned by facts without being allowed to wea$e them into an artistic whole. -&he only scientic part of history is that which deals with spade wor# and the sifting of facts, the rest belongs to the humanities. -Soul is necessary to it as to a poem or wor# of art, and the indi$iduality of the writer should be re%ected in it. Nascent Philippine Nationalism

!"# $!%& 1olitical Ideas of : ). Sanciano y Goson of 5anila . 67pe4 8aena of Iloilo 9. 5arcelo 3el 1ilar of Bulacan . ;i4al of 6aguna -&he conse"uence of the Cavite '(tiny of !"# and the demonstration against the friars of !!! was the proscription or deportation of prominent 2ilipinos. -&hey tried to call attention to the shortcomings and buses of the administration of the 1hilippines and to get the go$ernment to adopt what they considered to be the necessary reforms. Goson  was one the earliest propagandists. ). Gregorio )anciano y Goson was -!e compiled a series of studies on the re$enue laws of the 1hilippines into a boo# the, *l progreso de +ilipinas, 'adrid !!. -!e pointed out that the o0cial practice e+empted Spaniards and Spanish mesti4os in the 1hilippines from the tribute and forced labor imposed on 2ilipinos and