Historia y Evolución de Las Tendencias de Consumo

 

Lostjrob y `vjnueoõc k` nbs t`ck`ceobs k` ejcsufj, fjk`njs k` s`df`ctbeoõc, s`df`ctbeoõc, ejcsok`rbckj `n jrod`c k` nb ejfucoebeoõc w`a

U`d÷c `n brtæeunj r`vosbkj k` 2; k` 1928 b 24 k` gucoj k` 1919 k` anjd k` njs `stukojs k` `ejcjfæb y `fpr`sbs, nb ocvbsoõc k` cu`vbs t`ecjnjdæbs k` nb ochjrfbeoõc y ejfucoebeoõc ejfucoebeo õc lbc ebfaobkj `n ejfpjrtbfo`ctj k`n ejcsufokjr. @c nbs ÷ntofbs kïebkbs lbc `xp`rof`ctbkj cuf`rjsjs ebfaojs, b `n er`eo`ct` usj k` l`rrbfo`ctbs, ejfj ejfputbkjr`s, `n t`nïhjcj fõvon, nbs tban`tbs y jtrjs kospjsotovjs kodotbn`s, bsæ ejfj `n buf`ctj k` njs ebcbn`s `c t`n`vosoõc, `n er`eofo`ctj k`n ejf`reoj `n`etrõcoej ( `-ejff`re` ), nb kodotbnozbeoõc k` cuf`rjsjs f`kojs ejfucoebtovjs, `ctr` jtrjs s`rvoeojs y bpnoebeojc`s k` oct`rc`t, t`co`ckj uc fbyjr bee`sj b njs ao`c`s y s`rvoeojs, y b eubnquo`r topj k` ochjrfbeoõc. Bn fosfj to`fpj s` lbc prjkueokj ebfaojs b cov`n `ejcõfoej, sjeobn, eunturbn y t`ecjnõdoej qu` lbc k`sbrrjnnbkj cu`vbs hjrfbs k` ejcstrueeoõc k`n ejcjeofo`ctj qu` bòjs btrâs `rb ofp`csban` qu` s` prjkug`rbc, `g`fpnj nb dnjabnozbeoõc, nb `ctrbkb k` nb fug`r bn f`rebkj nbajrbn, `n bud` k` nbs r`k`s sjeobn`s, `ctr` jtrbs. Fâs e`reb k`n ejcsufokjr K` blæ r`eb` nb ofpjrtbceob k`n `stukoj k`n ejfpjrtbfo`ctj k`n ejcsufokjr, bct` nb r`stburbeoõc k` nbs cu`vbs t`ecjnjdæbs k` nb ochjrfbeoõc y nb ejfucoebeoõc . n k`n ejcsufokjr nb koseoocb 

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  @s `c nb kïebkb k` njs s`s`ctb kjck` `n ejcsufokjr auseb su prjpob ok`ctokbk, ejcsok`rbckj qu` `n ejfpjrtbfo`ctj qu` `g`reæb `n ejcsufokjr `rb purbf`ct` `ejcõfoej.   Ejc `n pbsj k` njs bòjs, y b ebusb k` koh`r`ct`s hbetjr`s `ejcõfoejs, sjeobn`s,  pjnætoejs  pjnæ toejs,, eunturbn` euntu rbn`s, s, `n ejfpjrtbfo ejfp jrtbfo`ctj `ctj k`n ejcsufokj ejcs ufokjrr lb okj fjk`nâck fjk` nâckjs`, js`, bpbr`eo`ckj cu`vbs koseopnocbs k` `stukoj qu` byukbc b bcbnozbr `n ejfpjrtbfo`ctj k`n ejcsufokjr, `ctr` `nnbs nb psoejnjdæb y nb sjeojnjdæb.

@c eubctj `n ejcsufokjr t`cdb fâs ochjrfbeoõc y ejcjeofo`ctj, ebfaob `n ejfpjrtbfo`ctj. Ybrb `nnj s` pjc` `c ïchbsos `n `stukoj k` su ejfpjrtbfo`ctj y ejcje`r nbs vbroban`s k` s`df`ctbeoõc. s`df`ctbeoõc. 

  B hocbn`s k` nb kïebkb k` 2?89 ejc nb orrupeoõc k` nbs cu`vbs t`ecjnjdæbs y `n bud` k` nb sjeo`kbk k` nb ochjrfbeoõc qu`kbc btrâs nbs t`jræbs enâsoebs k` ejf`reobnozbeoõc , `n ejcsufokjr `stâ fjtovbkj pjr r`bnozbr nb ejfprb k` prjkuetjs k` beu`rkj ejc nb utonokbk qu` n` r`pjrtbc sus btroautjs, `n prjkuetj vb fâs bnnâ k` s`r uc ao`c tbcdoan`, y pbrb `nnj tbfaoïc s` r`ejd`c njs s`rvoeojs, nbs ok`bs, nbs p`rsjcbs y nbs jrdbcozbeojc`s.

 

@n `stukoj k`n ejfpjrtbfo`ctj k`n ejcsufokjr y nbs kostoctbs prâetoebs prâetoebs k` fbrm`tocd , lb hbvjr`eokj nb bpnoebeoõc k` fâs `strbt`dobs, nb utonozbeoõc k` vbrojs ebcbn`s k` kostroaueoõc, `n pjk`r jhr`e`r uc fbyjr c÷f`rj k` prjkuetjs b f`kokb, y lbe`r usj k` nb hu`rzb k` v`ctbs pbrb kbr b ejcje`r njs prjkuetjs y ejfucoebr sus btroautjs, `stban`eo`ckj `stban `eo`ckj ucb r`nbeoõc fâs `str`elb y kor`etb `ctr` `n ejfprbkjr y `n v`ck`kjr. Yjk`fjs k`eor qu` cu`strb sjeo`kbk lb p`c`trbkj `c `n fuckj k` nb Q`k y qu` `n ejf`reoj `n`etrõcoej yb `s ucb r`bnokbk. @n ejf`reoj `n`etrõcoej lb `vjnueojcbkj `c njs ÷ntofjs bòjs, [jkbvæb `xost` uc eo`rtj r`e`nj b r`bnozbr ejfprbs jcnoc` aâsoebf`ct` pjr nb hbntb k` s`durokbk qu` trbcsfot` nb trbcsbeeoõc trbcsbee oõc `ejcõfoeb, bucqu` `stb k`sejchobczb lb okj k`sbpbr`eo`ckj. k`sbpbr`eo`ckj.

U` ejcsok`rbc cbtovjs kodotbn`s bqu`nnbs p`rsjcbs qu` k`sk` t`fprbcb `kbk lbc `stbkj rjk`bkbs k` nbs cu`vbs t`ecjnjdæbs y njs cu`vjs f`kojs k` ejfucoebeoõc (Yr`csmy, 1992), y `c ejcs`eu`ceob to`c`c jtrb fbc`rb k` p`csbr y k` `ct`ck`r `n fuckj. Yjr ejctrb, k`hoc` bn ocfodrbct` kodotbn ejfj ej fj nb p`rsjcb cbeokb y `kuebkb bct bct`s `s k` nb bpbroeoõc k` nbs [OE. @s pjr `sj, qu` `n ejcsufokjr bkjn`se`ct` tjfb uc pbp`n sodcohoebtovj k`sk` `n puctj k` vostb ejf`reobn, yb qu` s` n` jas`rvb ejfj `n pjt`ceobn eno`ct` `c `n huturj.

 

U` lb vovokj ucb trbcshjrfbeoõc `c njs lâaotjs k` ejcsufj, s` lbc `xp`rof`ctbkj ebfaojs sjeojk`fjdrâhoejs, `c nbs pbutbs k` ejcsufj, `c nb `f`rd`ceob k`n ejcsufj r`spjcsban` y ejnbajrbtovj, bsæ ejfj `c nb hocbceobeoõc y nbs hjrfbs k` pbdj. U` lbc prjkueokj fueljs ebfaojs, bnducjs k` `nnjs k`aokj b nbs [OE y jtrjs b hbetjr`s k`n `ctjrcj qu` ejcguctbf`ct` j `c pbrbn`nj, lbc fbrebkj cu`vbs t`ck`ceobs y pbutbs k` ejcsufj7  

Cu`vjs `stonjs k` vokb.  Fbyjr hjrfbeoõc y uc fbyjr pjk`r bkquosotovj,

 

Lâaotjs k` ejcsufj. Ebkb v`z s` k`sbpbr`e` fâs `n to`fpj k`koebkj bn jeoj y bn trbabgj. Nb fbyjræb k` ljdbr`s to`c`c bee`sj b Oct`rc`t y pbrb nb ejc`x ejc`xoõc oõc y `n koshrut` k` su to`fpj noar`.

 

Ebfaojs sjeojk`fjdrâhoejs.  Ebkb v`z lby fâs ljdbr`s y f`cjs fo`farjs pjr ljdbr, nb ocejrpjrbeoõc k` nb fug`r bn f`rebkj k` trbabgj `s ucb t`ck`ceob huckbkb `c cu`strj to`fpj, y `sj r`p`reut` `c nbs hjrfbs k` ejcsufj `c nb ucokbk hbfonobr.

 

Nudbr`s k` ejfprb. Bucqu` ljy `c kæb `n fbyjr vjnuf`c k` ejfprbs tjkbvæb s` r`bnozb jhhnoc`, fueljs sjc njs oct`rcbutbs qu` ausebc ochjrfbeoõc pr`-ejfprb `c Oct`rc`t.

 

@n cu`vj ejcsufokjr.  Pc p`rhon k` ejcsufokjr fâs ochjrfbkj, fâs r`hn`xovj, qu`  auseb focofozbr njs ro`sdjs ausebckj s`durokbk y sofpnoeokbk `c `n prje`sj k` ejfprb.

 

@n prjsufokjr bct` uc fuckj 1.9.  @st` cu`vj ejcsufokjr huckbf`ctb su k`eosoõc k` ejfprb b pbrtor k` nb ochjrfbeoõc r`ejponbkb k` nbs r`k`s sjeobn`s.

 

Cu`vbs hjrfbs k` ejcsufj.  @n ejcsufj ejnbajrbtovj, sjst`coan`, r`spjcsban` y ejf`reoj gustj sjc `g`fpnjs k` nbs cu`vbs hjrfbs k` ejcsufor.

 

Nb dnjabnozbeoõc.  Pc ejcsufokjr dnjabn k`aokj proceopbnf`ct` b nb ejfpjsoeoõc funtoeunturbn k` nb pjanbeoõc y bn bee`sj b nb Q`k.

 

Bud` k` nbs r`k`s sjeobn`s. Nbs r`k`s sjeobn`s k` fbyjr r`p`reusoõc lbe`c `ej k` `stbs pnbtbhjrfbs pbrb lbanbr k` fbrebs, prjkuetjs, pr`eojs y prjfjeojc`s.

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Njs `xp`rtjs `c fbrm`tocd s` e`ctrbc `c nbs k`eosojc`s k` ejcsufj hr`ct` bn ejcsufj k` fbsbs. Ausebc hrbdf`ctbr b njs ejcsufokjr`s (coeljs k` f`rebkj) pbrb pjk`r bkjptbr `strbt`dobs fâs õptofbs qu` r`spjckbc b nbs c`e`sokbk`s k` njs ockovokujs. Yjr `nnj, nbs `strbt`dobs k` puanoeokbk y ejfucoebeoõc ejf`reobn sjc ebkb v`z fâs ejfpn`gbs, k`aokj bn ebfaoj k` ejfpbrtof`ctj k` njs ejcsufokjr`s y nb vbro`kbk k` ebcbn`s ejfucoebtovjs b trbvïs k` njs eubn`s njs ockovokujs s` ochjrfbc.

 

Q`h`r`ceobs aoanojdrâhoebs  

lttp7//`ejcjfob-`fpr`sb.anjds.uje.`ku/`s/ejcsufokjr-y-t`ck`ceobs-ejcsufj-toe/

 

@urjfjcotjr r`v`nb nbs 29 proceopbn`s t`ck`ceobs dnjabn`s k` ejcsufj pbrb 1919 Ulbr` tlos... Ay7 @urjfjcotjr91/22/1919 @urjfjcotjr91/22/1919

UBC[OBDJ, Elon` ―  Elon` ―  

Nb `fpr`sb k` ocv`stodbeoõc k` f`rebkj dnjabn @urjfjcotjr Oct`rcbtojcbn, puanoeõ ljy `n r`pjrt` „Nbs „Nbs 29 proceopbn`s t`ck`ceobs dnjabn`s k` ejcsufj ejc sufj pbrb 1919 1919‖‖ `c `spbòjn. @n ochjrf` bcubn ok`ctohoeb nbs t`ck`ceobs fâs ochnuy`ct`s qu` ejchodurbc `n ejfpjrtbfo`ctj k`n ejcsufokjr, `c tïrfocjs k` sus lâaotjs y k`eosojc`s k` ejfprb.

Bejrk` b @urjfjcotjr Oct`rcbtojcbn, nbs 29 proceopbn`s t`ck`ceobs dnjabn`s k` ejcsufj  pbrb 1919 sjc7

• Fâs bnnâ k` nj lufbcj7 Bkjptbckj nb oct`nod`ceob brtohoeobn pjr nb butjfbtozbeoõc y ejcv`co`ceob. • Ebutævbf` `c s`duckjs7 @c a÷squ`kb k` ejct`cokj râpokj, ejceosj y funtos`csjrobn pbrb ucb sbtoshbeeoõc ocstbctâc`b.

• Fjvonokbk soc næfot`s7 @nodo`ckj fïtjkjs k` trbcspjrt` absbkjs `c pr`h`r`ceobs ockovokubn`s pbrb uc vobg` soc oct`rrupeojc`s.

• Ocenusoõc pbrb tjkjs7 @chjeâckjs` `c nb kov`rsokbk y bee`soaonokbk pbrb tjkjs.

 

• Euokbckj k` fæ fosfj7 Yrojrozbckj nb sbnuk f`ctbn y nb a÷squ`kb k` prjkuetjs qu` bajrk`c c`e`sokbk`s `sp`eæhoebs k` ao`c`stbr.

• Ljdbr`s funtohuceojcbn`s7 Lbeo`ckj tjkj k`sk` nb ejfjkokbk k`n ljdbr.

• Y`rsjcbnozbeoõc provbkb7 @quonoarbckj `n k`s`j k` k ` `xp`ro`ceobs jptofozbkbs ejc nbs  pr`jeupbeojc`s sjar` `n oct`rebfaoj k` kbtjs p`rsjcbn`s.

• Jrdunnj njebn, `c ebfocj b s`r dnjabn7 Xbnjrbckj nb eunturb cbeojcbn y njs prjkuetjs bkbptbkjs b njs dustjs y pr`h`r`ceobs njebn`s.

• Q`vjnueojcbrojs k` nb r`utonozbeoõc7 @xpnjrbckj bnt`rcbtovbs pbrb njs prjkuetjs k` uc sjnj usj ejc `n jag`tj k` r`kueor nb lu`nnb bfao`ctbn y `n k`sp`rkoeoj.

• Ru`r`fjs bor` nofpoj `c tjkjs nbkjs7 Bajdbckj pjr eoukbk`s nofpobs y uc fuckj noar` k` ebrajcj.

„Ejcv`co`ceob y ejctrjn p`rsjcbn sjc `n lonj ejckuetjr qu` ejc`etb tjkbs nbs t`ck`ceobs `c 1919‖, ejf`ctb Docb T`starjjm, kor`etjrb k` t`ck`ceobs k` ejcsufj `c @urjfjcotjr Oct`rcbtojcbn. „Njs ejcsufokjr`s s` `stâc pjco`ckj b sæ fosfjs `c prof`r nudbr fo`ctrbs fo`ctrbs  ausebc hjrfbs k` sofpnohoebr sus vokbs‖, vokbs‖, ejcenuy`.  ejcenuy`.  

K`sebrdb `n ochjrf` drbtuotj k` @urjfjcotjr Oct`rcbtojcbn pbrb k`seuaror nbs 29 t`ck`c t`ck`ceobs eobs qu` ochnuorâc `c njs vbnjr`s k` njs ejcsufokjr`s y nbs `strbt`dobs ejf`reobn`s `c 1919.  HOC  ―    ―  HOC