Hierarchy of Jurisdiction of Labor Authorities

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2015 BAR EXAMS Prof. Joselito Guianan Chan

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DESCRIPTION OF RESPECTIVE JURISDICTIONS

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1. Under Article 217 of the Labor Code: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

ULP Illegal dismissal cases Money claims exceeding P5k Damages arising from EER Complaint to Declare Strike/Lockout illegal

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2. Under Article 124 of the Labor Code: Wage distortion in unorganized establishments 3. Under Article 128(b) of the Labor Code: Contested cases under its exception clause 4. Under Article 227 of the Labor Code: Violation of compromise agreements 5. Under Article 262-A of the Labor Code: Execution of decisions of Voluntary Arbitrators 6. Under Section 10 of R.A. No. 8042, as amended by R.A. No. 10022:

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Money claims of OFWs 7. Per jurisprudence (a) Employees in GOCCs without original charters (b) Alien parties (c) Priests and ministers (d) Domestic workers or kasambahay (e) Employees of cooperatives (f) Counter-claims of employers against employees

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2015 BAR EXAMS Prof. Joselito Guianan Chan

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 Cases not falling under Labor Arbiter’s jurisdiction (a) Breach of a non-compete clause and other post-employment prohibitions (b) Claims for payment of cash advances, car, appliance and other loans of employees (c) Dismissal of corporate officers and their monetary claims (d) Cases involving entities immune from suit (e) Cases falling under the doctrine of forum non conveniens (f) Quasi-delict or tort cases (g) Criminal and civil liabilities arising from violations of certain provisions of the Labor Code (i) Constitutionality of CBA provisions

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1. Exclusive original jurisdiction. a. Petition for injunction in ordinary labor disputes b. Petition for injunction in strikes or lockouts c. Certified national interest cases d. Petition for extraordinary remedies 2. Exclusive appellate jurisdiction. a. All cases decided by the Labor Arbiters b. Cases decided by the DOLE Regional Directors on small money claims of P5k or less c. Contempt cases decided by the Labor Arbiters

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o r ========================================================== P MED-ARBITER

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1. Original and exclusive jurisdiction. (a) Inter-union disputes, also known as representation/certification election conflicts (b) Intra-union disputes (c) Other related labor relations disputes (d) Contempt cases.

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REGIONAL DIRECTOR

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1. Original and exclusive jurisdiction. 2

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(1) Application for union registration of independent unions, local chapters and workers’ associations (2) Petitions for cancellation of registration of independent unions, local chapters and workers’ associations (3) Petitions for deregistration of CBAs (4) Request for examination of books of accounts of said labor organizations

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r a B (BLR) DIRECTOR BUREAU OF LABOR RELATIONS s e l b Ro r a an n B h a s h C e C l n b a an Ro i r u a an G B h o s C it e l l e s b o o J . R f r n o a a r P B h s C e l THIRD COLUMN b Ro r DOLE REGIONAL DIRECTORS a an B h s C e l b Ro an h C 1. Original and exclusive jurisdiction. (1) Complaints and petitions involving the registration or cancellation of registration of federations, national unions, industry unions, trade union centers and their local chapters, affiliates and member organizations (2) Request for examination of books of accounts of said labor organizations (federations, national unions, industry unions and trade union centers) (3) Intra-union disputes involving said labor organizations (federations, national unions, industry unions and trade union centers) (4) Contempt cases 2. Exclusive appellate jurisdiction.

(a) All decisions of the Med-Arbiters in (1) intra-union disputes, and (2) other related labor relations disputes (b) All decisions originating from the DOLE Regional Directors in the cases falling under their original jurisdiction as enumerated above

[NOTE: Decisions of Med-Arbiters in inter-union disputes or representation/certification election conflicts, are NOT appealable to the BLR Director but directly to the DOLE Secretary]. ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE BLR 1. Registration of labor unions 2. Keeping of registry of labor unions 3. Maintenance and custody of the files of CBAs 4. Records of settlement of labor disputes 5. Copies of orders and decisions of Voluntary Arbitrators

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1. Original and exclusive jurisdiction. (a) Labor standards enforcement cases under Article 128 (b) Small money claims of P5k or below (c) Occupational safety and health violations

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(d) Registration of unions and cancellation thereof, cases filed against unions and other labor relations related cases (e) Complaints against private recruitment and placement agencies (PRPAs) for local employment (f) Cases submitted to them for voluntary arbitration in their capacity as Ex-Officio Voluntary Arbitrators (EVAs) under Department Order No. 83-07, Series of 2007.

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DOLE SECRETARY

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1. Powers of the DOLE Secretary. a. Visitorial and enforcement powers b. Power to suspend/effects of termination c. Assumption of jurisdiction d. Appellate jurisdiction e. Voluntary arbitration powers

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2. Original and exclusive jurisdiction. a. Petition for assumption or certification in national interest cases b. Administrative Intervention for Dispute Avoidance (AIDA) cases c. Voluntary arbitration cases

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3. Appellate jurisdiction. Appeals to the DOLE Secretary may originate from any of the following offices: (1) DOLE Regional Directors (2) Med-Arbiters (3) Director of the Bureau of Labor Relations (BLR) (4) Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA)

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 Appeals from DOLE Regional Directors. (a) Labor standards enforcement cases under Article 128 (b) Occupational safety and health violations (c) Complaints against private recruitment and placement agencies (PRPAs) for local employment

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(a) Decisions in inter-union disputes or representation/certification election conflicts

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 Appeals from BLR Director. (a) Decisions in cases cognizable by the BLR Director in the exercise of his original and exclusive jurisdiction

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4. Decisions NOT appealable to the DOLE Secretary. Those rendered by: (1) Labor Arbiters (2) NLRC (3) BLR Director in the exercise of his appellate jurisdiction (4) DOLE Regional Directors in small money claims of P5k or below (5) DOLE Regional Directors in their capacity as Ex-Officio Voluntary Arbitrators (EVAs) (6) Voluntary Arbitrators 4

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FOURTH COLUMN

b o RGRIEVANCE MACHINERY r a an B h s C e l b VOLUNTARY ARBITRATOR Ro r a an n B h a s h C e C l n b a an Ro i r u a an G B h o s t C i e l FIFTH COLUMN l e s b o o J . R f NCMB r n o a a r P B h s C e l b Ro r a an B h s C e l b Ro an h C ==========================================================

1. Original and exclusive jurisdiction. (a) Interpretation or implementation of the CBA (b) Interpretation or enforcement of company personnel policies (c) Violation of any provisions of the CBA or company personnel policies

1. Original and exclusive jurisdiction. (a) Unresolved grievances arising from the interpretation or implementation of the CBA (b) Unresolved grievances arising from the interpretation or enforcement of company personnel policies (c) Violations of the CBA which are not gross in character (d) Other labor disputes, including ULP and CBA deadlocks, upon agreement of the parties (e) National interest cases (f) Wage distortion cases in organized establishments (g) Unresolved grievances arising from the interpretation and implementation of the Productivity Incentive Programs under R.A. No. 6971 [NOTE: Decisions of Voluntary Arbitrators are appealable directly to the CA through Rule 43 ordinary appeal].

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1. Original and exclusive jurisdiction. (a) Notice of strike (b) Notice of lockout (c) Notice of preventive mediation (d) Conciliation and mediation cases

[NOTE: NCMB is not a quasi-judicial agency, hence, no appeal or certiorari may be instituted from its proceedings].

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ALL COLUMNS

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COURT OF APPEALS

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1. Rule 65 certiorari petition. From the decisions of the: (a) NLRC (b) DOLE Secretary (c) BLR Director (in decisions rendered in his appellate jurisdiction)

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2. Rule 43 ordinary appeal. From the decisions of the: (a) Voluntary Arbitrator

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1. Rule 45 petition for review on certiorari. From the decisions of the: (a) Court of Appeals

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