Heroines of The First Age

April 4, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A

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A󰁢󰁹󰁮󰁤󰁦󰁢󰁻 󰁮󰁨 󰁳󰁡󰁢 H󰁤󰁹󰁻󰁳 @󰁯󰁢 @ O`gb iy Xndcspdr`j Bftbrt`dfgbft @fc Unwbrbc iy tab @pnk`jypsb

@󰁹󰁳,, C󰁢󰁻󰁤󰁯󰁦, @󰁹󰁳 C 󰁢󰁻󰁤󰁯󰁦, 󰁠󰁦󰁣 _󰁮󰁹󰁣󰁻 _󰁮󰁹󰁣󰁻 󰁩󰁴 󰁩󰁴 Mnsbpa Jbb Iusa

B󰁣󰁤󰁳󰁤󰁦󰁯 Mnsbpa Jbb Iusa, Ydka`rc Lbjjy, Lbjjy, Bjdzìbta JbInutnf

@󰁻󰁻󰁮󰁫󰁤󰁠󰁳󰁢 @󰁻󰁻󰁮󰁫󰁤󰁠 󰁳󰁢 U󰁹󰁮󰁣󰁲󰁫󰁢󰁹 D`f A`gdjtnf

@󰁣󰁣󰁤󰁳󰁤󰁮󰁦󰁠󰁪 K󰁮󰁦󰁳󰁢󰁦󰁳 Ydka`rc Lbjjy, Ir`cdb Hnrsibro, D`f A`gdjtnf, Ynobr [gdta, K`sby Knttbr, Uùj Juk`s, Lbjjy Mnjjdﬅb, Annpbr, Gd`lnc`, Krbbcnr`

U󰁪󰁠󰁴󰁳󰁢󰁻󰁳󰁤󰁦󰁯 K`sby Knttbr K nttbr,, @j`f Gnjdf`, Mnb Iusa, Bjdzìbta JbInutnf, Ir`cdb Hnrsibro, wdj` ]nbrfbr, Fnà [fbljnrc, Mnsa Gbvbs, D`f A`gdjtnf

ypbsbt df Kdfzbj Cbknr`tdvb, Gdfdnf Urn, Urn, Knurdbr K nurdbr Urdgb, Bxn Fnxu`tt `fc knfsdstdfo n 92,310 Fnxu` 92,3 10 wnrcs, 80 djjustr`tdnf djjustr`tdnfs, s, `fc 09 tìjbs. _rdttbf `fc cbsdofbc usdfo ypnr`, G`rlcnwf, Uytanf, `fc DfCbsdof. Hufcbc wdta tab abjp n ;02 i`klbrs nf Ldklst`rtbr.

Knpyrdoat Xndcspdr`j Bftbrt`dfgbft 950? [email protected][[email protected]

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Knftbfts Ldklst`rtbr U`ftabnf ......................................... 3 Abrndfbs nh tab Hdrst @ob .................................... 8 Sb I`sdks........ ................. ................. ...........8 ...8 Bx`g Bx`gpjb pjb n Uj`y ............ .................1 .....1

Obfbsds ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ .............. 09 Knrb @ssug @ssugptdnfs ptdnfs ...........0; Unw nwbr br Unnjs ......... ................. ............ .... 03 Ybodnfs.................... ..............................02 ..........02 Kujturbs Kujtu rbs & Ybjdodnfs ....... .......0? 0? Cnog`s.................................01 Oncs ............................... ...................................... ....... 01

Krb`turb Unrtnjdns.......... .............. .... 95 Ydsdfoo Xdjj`d Ydsdf djj`dfs fs ............ ...................... .......... 90 Jnngdfoo Urn Jnngdf Urnpabkd pabkdbs bs ........... 90 Dftbrvbfdf Df tbrvbfdfoo Oncs ................ ................ 90 G`mnr G` mnr Cdskn Cdsknvbrdbs vbrdbs ............... ............... 9; _nrjc Urnijbgs .......... ................... ......... 9; Kngidfbc Kngi dfbc Srb` Srb`ts ts.............. ................ 93

Krb`tdnf Krb` tdnf Gy tas ............... .................... ..... 01 I`klorn rnufc ufc Ds Dssubs subs ........ ............ 93 Dgg Dggbcd` bcd`tb tbGytas Srb`ts Srb` ts......... .......... . 04 I`klo Ojni`j Gdskbjj`fy Gdskbjj`fy ............92

Nrdodf ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ................ ....9? 9? Iudjcdfo Tnur Ka`r`ktbr 91 Ka`r`ktbr Ka`r `ktbr Knfkbp Knfkbptt ........ .......... 91 Uaysdk`j r`dts r`dts ........... ..................... ............ ;5 Bstìjdsa Bstì jdsabc bc Y`kbs ............... ................. ;0

Urdg`ry [t`ts..... [t`ts......... ......... .......... ......... ...... ?0 [bknfc`ry [bknfc` ry [t` [t`ts........ ts.................... ............?9 ?9

Ka`r`ktbr Gdskbjj`fy ......?2 Bqudpgbft Bqudpg bft ........................?2 ........................ ?2

[t`rtdfo Bqudpgbft Iucobts @rkabtypb........ @rkabtypb ................. ................. ........ ;3 ......................................... .......................... ............ ?? Gnvbs Gn vbs ................................;8 ...................... ..........;8 ........................... I`sdk Gn Gnvbs vbs.............. .......................... ............;1 ;1 I`ttjbb Gn I`ttj Gnvbs vbs............. ......................... ............35 35 @rkabtypb @rk abtypb Gn Gnvbs vbs ................. .................39 39 [pbkd`j Unwbr Unwbr Gnvbs Gnvbs ......... ........... 22 [nkd`j Gn Gnvbs vbs ..................... ........................ ... 85 Hj`w Gn Gnvbs.... vbs................. ....................... ..........89 89 _`r Gn Gnvbs vbs.......... .................... .................. ........ 83

Jdst n Hj` Hj`ws ws ......... ................. ............ .... 81 [t`ts [t` ts ................... ........................... ............... ....... ?5 Cd﬋kujty Cd﬋kuj ty Fu Fugibrs gibrs ............. ............. ?5 [ukkbsss Srbsa [ukkbs Srbsanjcs njcs.............. ?0

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[p`rbb Onjc............. [p`r ........................... ................ ?? _b`pnfs ...............................?1 @rgnrr ..................... @rgn ................................... ................ 10 nnjs ............ .......................... .......................... ............13 13 Ybsnurkbs............. Ybsnurkbs ........................... ................. ... 1? @rgy......................................14

Ybj`tdnf Ybj` tdnfss ...................... .......................... .... 45 Dftrncuktdnf Dftrncukt dnfss ....................... 40 Krb`tdfo Krb` tdfo FUKs ............. ..................... ........ 40

Knftbfts

Mnurfby .............................................................4; Hdktdnf-Crdvbf ................. .................4; 4; Fbontd`tdnfs & C`fobr-Jdgdtbc, Fnt dgbKngp`rdsn Kng p`rdsnfs fs ................. ................. 055 Jdgdtbc Jdgd tbc............. .......................... .......................... .............43 43 Uufkadfo, Ldkldfo, `fc Hjnw Hjn w ................. ......................... ................. ......... 43 Kj`wdf Kj`wdfoo ................... .......................... ....... 055 Ynjj I`sdks........ ................. ................ ....... 43 _`r `fc `ktdks ............. 055 Gnvb Gn vb I`sdks .................... ......................42 ..42 Ybknvbrdf Ybknvbrdfoo Ab`jta ......... .........050 050 Nppnsbc Ynjjs .................. ..................42 42 G`r G`rldfo ldfo Bxpbrdbfkb ...... ......050 050 Ynjj Infusbs ................... .....................48 ..48 [pbf [pbfcdfo cdfo Bxpbrdbf Bxpbrdbfkb kb ... 059 Ynjjdfo 5c8 .......................48 Iuydfo Gnvbs ....................059 Hnrw`rc & Nfondfo ........48 Dfkrb`sdfoo [t`tdstdks.......... Dfkrb`sdf ............ 059 Ab`jta Ab`j ta ............. ........................... .................... ......059 059 Anjc An jc ...................................48 ............................. ......48 djjpnwbr wbr .............. ........................... .............05; 05; Kannsb ..............................4? _djjpn Ka`fodfo Ka`f odfo Hj`w Hj`wss .................05; ................. 05; Gujtdpjb [bjbktdnf ............ ............4? 4? Ybw`rcs ......... .............. ..... 05; [t`kldfo C`gòb [bjbktdnfs Ntabr Ybw`rcs ............. ........................... ............................ .......................... 4? Nrcbr n Npbr`tdnfs Npbr`tdn fs............ ........... 41 ...........41 Fbo`td Fbo `tdvb vb [bjbktdn [bjbktdnfs fs ............. 41

Onjc .................................... ....................................05; 05; Hb`jty Hb`j ty ............. .......................... ...................... .........053 053 Ybj`tdnfsadps Ybj`tdnfs adps.......... ..................... ............. 053

Kr`hdfo Sdfos ........ ............. ..... 052 òs ........ ................. ................. ................ ............ 44 Kr`hdfo I`j`fkb kb ......... ................. ................. ........... 052 Y`fobb ............ Y`fo .......................... ........................ ..........44 44 I`j`f

H`tbb .......... H`t ...................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ................... .......05? 05? @obfc` ............................05? Urdfkdp Urdf kdpjbs jbs ..................... ......................... 051 OG Gnv nvbs bs ....... ................ .............. ..... 054

FUK Nrdodf Nrdodfss ...................... ......................008 008 FUKs `fc Gnvbs Gnvbs .......... ............... ..... 008 @rgy Rf Rfdts dts `s Bfbgdbs..... 00?

FUK @rk @rkabtypbs abtypbs............ ................ .... 002

Ntabr _nrjc nrjcss ..................... ..................... 090

Sb G`p ..........................00? Hjnw Hjn w ....................... ............................... .......... 005 @c @ccdfo cdfo Bjbgb Bjbgbft ftss........ ........... ... 001 Srb`ts Srb `ts `fc Dss Dssubs ubs ........ .......... 005 @ccdfo Unwbr Unnjs `fc Cbkdcdfo CFs.................000 CFs.................000 Krb`turb Unrtnjdns .................001 Ybw`rcdfo Ybw`r cdfo UKs......... .............. ..... 009 @rtd`kt @rtd`ktss n Cnng............ ................ 004 Dfvbftdfo Df vbftdfo Fbw Fbw Bjbgbfts .. 090 FUKs ........ ................ ................. .............. ..... 00;

@cvbrs`rdbs @cv brs`rdbs ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ .................09; .....09; Sb Ibftadk Nfbs .............. ..............093 093

Sb Knrruptd Knrruptdnf nf .............. .................. .... 092 Sb Hn Hnrswn rswnrf rf ..................... .....................098 098

Katanfdks Katan fdks .............. ........................... .............093 093

Odo`ss @rg Odo` @rgyy ........................ ........................098 098

Krb`tur Krb` turbb Unrt nrtnjdns njdns ....... 093

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Ldkl klst`rtbr st`rtbr U`f `fta tabnf Ld Sb Odjcbc .............. .......................... ............ 09? Gboìb`s Gb oìb`sts ts ......................... ......................... 09? U`pbrjdf U` pbrjdfos os ............ .......................... ................ 091 Udjjòbrs Udjj` obrs ............. ........................... ................. ...091 091 Ujòubinrf Ujò ubinrf ............. ......................... ............094 094 [ly Sdfos .............. .......................... ............ 0;0

Unwbr Un wbr Unnj Krb`turbs Krb `turbs .... ....0;0 0;0 Sb Dfl ............. ........................... ................... .....0;9 0;9 Sb Bvb Bvbfdfo fdfo.............. ........................ ..........0;9 0;9

Bvbrijnnc ............ Bvbrijnnc .......................... ................ 0;; Orbbftdcb Orbbf tdcb ............. ........................... ................ 0;3 Fbiuj` Fbi uj`.............. ........................... ................... ......0;3 0;3 Ybstjbsss Cbpta Ybstjbs Cbptass ............... .................. ... 0;2 Ydvbrr Cròn Ydvb Crònfs fs ................. .................... ...0;8 0;8 [krb`gdfo [krb`gd fo [ly ................... ................... 0;? Sb [djlbf ............ .......................... ................ 0;? Rfdnrgdty .........................0;1 Sb Gy Gyrd`c rd`c ................... ......................... ......0;1 0;1 Sb Orb` Orb`tt Nfb............ .................... ........0;4 0;4

@ppbfcdkbs @p pbfcdkbs .................. .............................. ........................ ....................... ........... 035 J`fouòb J`fou òbss .................... ........................ 035 K`jjbrynf............................ ............................035 035 Lyuw`vd ..............................035 F`sf` F` sf`tad`f tad`f ......................... ......................... 030 Ubjor` bjor`gdsa gdsa.......................... .......................... 030

K`jr`cd`f ......................... K`jr`cd`f ............................ ... 030 Yufm`bsb.... Yuf m`bsb................. .......................... ............. 030 A`z`zd` A`z `zd`f f .............. ............................ ................ 039

ìjb n Djjustr`tdnf Djjustr`tdnfss ..... 03;

Ldklst`rtbr U`ftabnf rdp [p`kb-U`r`sdtb, Jd`g Gurr`y, @fcrb`s Jøklabr, Nsk`r Dojbsd`s, G`rl Y. Jbsfdbwsld, J bsfdbwsld, rnf ibkl, Uùj Yy`f, Yy`f, Ojbff [bdjbr [bdjbr,, Bcnu`rc Knftbssb, @`rnf Untabk`ry, Ydka L, D`f A`gdjtnf, wn-`djs, [tbvb & Xdkld I`yjus, Mnsa Gbcdf, Lbdta C`vdbs, Kr`do A`klj, Ynobr [gdta, Cbsdrbb Kìrbr`, C`vdc B. Gug`w, Uìjn ‚Abrsan‗ Cngdfoubz, @lbrfds, Ynibrt O. G`jb, @sajby Gdjjbr, Cbkj`f Hbbfby, Mnf C`djby, K`sby Knttbr, [vbfc @fcbrsbf, Gdka`bj Hbjcausbf, Kr`do Ubtln, [tbpa`f [zìn, KM Lrbgbr, M`kl Oujdkl, @c`g _adtkngi, Gdlb Nstrnlnj, Kards Jbg`y, Uùj Juk`s, Lbjjy Mnjjdﬅb, M. A. Hr`fl, @fobj O`rkd` (Admns cbj Ynj), [`g`fta` & U`trdkl A`rrds, [`g O`r`gy, Fdknj`s Udfo`j, [a`rc?;, Gdkabjb ‚[f`lb‗ Objjd, Sb Ibf A`ttnf, @c`g YLdtka, U`trdl ‚Guflds‗ _dcbforbf, Mnrc`f Jbb G`kK`rtay, Mdggy Ydfolvdst, U`trdkb Gbrgnuc, F`ta`fdbj [nutawnrta-I`rjnw, s`ronta Yufbkj`w, @jbxds Imnrf, Gnfstbr Jnvbr, Ua`fn, Uùj Sngpsnf, O`ry @f`st`sdn, Ubfoudffk`tdnf, G`rl Hbfjnf, Jbstbr _`rc, [H Mnaf, G`stbr U, Fdkl Yn`ka, r`fbl J`gnrf, J`rs Imørfcàj, @ftnfdn

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Knftbfts K`gpns mr rng Gk@jjbf bx`s, bx`s, D Jdttjb, Iry`f Ir y`f [., A. Y`sgussbf, Mbrry J. Gbybr Mr., Lrdstbr [ufcbjdf, Xdfkbft I`lbr, Y`ka [a, Yy`f O`dsbr, Hdjtay Gnflby, Gdka`bj Irbwbr, Mbfs [tbobg`ff, Gdka`bj Knrr`cn, Oudjjùgb ‚Fnklbr‗, dgnjutdnf, Gdlb _djjd`gs, C`vdc Kabrv`fdl, Brdk` ‚Xujpdfnx ‚Xujpdfnx‗‗ [kagdtt, Y. Y . Jbx B`tnf, @fcrbw Cyfnf, Mnaf Inwjdf (vdrtu`cbpt), M`gbs Hdftnf, M`kni Gbdbr, Abfry ‚U`fc`C`c‗ cb Xbuvb, M`kni Idbibr, Mbrbgdà Obardo, @jbx Cbgdjjb , Mbrrnc Ynsb Mr, Cnuijbkjdkl, Lnjiby @rùmn, Annpbr, Kards Xnojbr, @sajby A`jb, Jnld, Onc On c n Gdskadb, Iry`ft B [tbvbfsn [tbvbfsn,, Jjnyc Y`sgussbf, Y `sgussbf, `yjnr `yjnr JÌrbsa, Odf` Ydklbr, Cr`lldus, HnuobrbUdjntb, @zarbd Xbp, Jbb I`rfbs, Ktaujau-Iny, Lbronf`f, Gd`lnc`, Gdka`bj L, F`tb wbaubs, Ibf G`fc`jj, K`fcd Fnrwnnc, @fcy Hnfbs, CnkKarnfns, @jbx ‚Hnx‗ Cbjj, ng Orbbfwnnc, Kardstnpabr Y. `ffàdjj, Yòf`gbt`j99, ìuj`tdnf, U`tty Bffrc, @fcy _`jgsjby, @rta, Ynibrt `fc @g`fc` C`jby,, Ybfa`, M`kni Ij`klgnf, G`ry G`ro`r C`jby G`ro`rbt bt Krnklbr, Krnklbr, Ibrfc I brfc Jdflb, Cngdfdk ]ukkn, Ldrt C`flgybr, `rcdsBfvy, Gdka`bj O`jjòabr, K`ss`fcr` [bj`kadd, Cbt. [ot. Lb`tnf Lug`r, F`tb, G`rbl Ibfbs, Fdkanj`s Ubtbrsnf, Kabb, Mbﬅrby [. M`gbs, Lninjci`rc, Xdfkbft U@FNRDJJBYB[, Lnrntf`g, [trdlb Kbftr`j, @gy Jyfka, Kncy Injjdfobr, Knfr`c ‚Cnngtr`df‗ @ucbttb, Ynss [gdta, G`r`fta, adcsf`lb, Bta`f ‚[tbbj@fobj‗ Cbfbùjt, U`trdkl K._. @rkabr-Gnrrds, [b`f Anjj`fc, Bwbf Kjufby, Hrbc Abrg`f, Gdl`djns, Lbvdf K. _nfo, ]nb ‚[upbr Urdfkbss Y`dfinw Y `dfinw I`todrj‗ Odjjbspdb, _djj _djj `jsnirnnl, `js nirnnl, G`ttad`s Gbrtbfs, mustkards, yjbr Irufbttb, Brdf Adgrnc, @`rnf M. [kar`cbr,, Hbrgdf [brbf` Anrt`s, @jbx`fcbr Y. Knribtt, Gdcfdoat [kar`cbr K`gp`dof O`gbs, `prrrj, U`trdkl G`ky, Gdka`bj Ibkl, U`vbj Adfbv, U`trdkl Lfnwjbs & yjbr Jngdf`kl, Fdfbdtb, Obnﬅrby (Mbtstrb`g) ( Mbtstrb`g) _`jtbr, Bcc Oj`spbr, [täpa`fb Jnrbl, M`snf Kjnr, F`ngd _bjjs, Cb F`rcd Bfrdkn, [tbvb Jnrc, Jbb Mnfbs, rbft ‚@x^ldcsnf‗ Inyc, Kj`y O`rcfbr, O`rcfbr, Kards Gdka`bj Màf, Ybvbr`fkb U`v`fb, Kardstnpabr J`vbry, Kards @ KA@JJ@KNGIB, Ubttbr _ãss, C`vdc [t`rfbr, Mbﬅ G, Ouf_nj;82, M`vdbr Cç`z [usn, [tu`rt Ka`pjdf, C`riy Lbbfb, _ Ir`fcnf, Mnsa CbOòfä, D`f @. Ydkagnfc, Krbbcnr`, Cnf Bcgnfcs, M`snf Ubtbrs, Hr`fljdf A`gdjtnf, ‚G`c‗ G`jknjg Gnrrds, Mbssb C Hnwjbr, r`pdp tab Ofngb, K`gbrnf Njsnf, [kntt Ybdkabjt, ng`s Iurons-K`bz, Yy`f Lbft, ]`sìd, Gdkabjjb Auss, [kaui`kk`, dgur Jng`czb, Jds` U`cnj, Yussbjj Xbftdgbojd`, J`kby [fnwcbf, @jbx`fcbr _djfffobr , @`rnf Anjcdfo Anjcdfo & Ibl I bl Or`ycbf, C`vdc Ua`f, Cbrbl ‚Udfb`ppjb [tb`l‗ [wnybr, M`snf I [gdta , Knfr`c Tnfnsbf`c`, Dfk`fcbskbft Crònf Krb`tdnfs, Krb`tdnfs, Kj`ytnf Kj `ytnf Kujwbjj, [dr Jno`f GkLb GkLbfzdb, fzdb, [tbvbf C _`rijb, _`rijb, Fòo, Obnrnst, C`vdc Knkar`f, K nkar`f, Mnsbpa Hnfo, Kajnb Jbdoatnf, bo`f & @dc`f Gnfrnb, nfy @fmn , Dsìbjjb Snrfb, [tbvb Cncob, @jbx Un Unﬅbfibrobr ﬅbfibrobr,, M`snf anusb, Cyj`f C yj`f Ordfcbr (@f`rdsds), Ynoubsgc, Ird`f Tnufo, @c`g F. G`rdf

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Abrndfbs fbs nh ta tab Hdrst Hd rst @ob Abrnd

Abrndf Abrn dfbs bs nh nh tab Hdrst @ob Gnfstbrodrj _nrjc, Unwbrbc iy tab @pnk`jypsb

[dfo, Gusb, n Qju tab Ybc, n y`lu` tab [tnfbinufc, n Bjinr tab Rfmust. [dfo n tab Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob, n tab ffrb `t tab ibodffdfo n tab wnrjc. Dt ds tab c`wf n ` fbw wnrjc. [k`ttbrbc pbnpjbs stbp kùtdnusjy nut dftn tab jdgbjdoat n adstnry. _a`t wb df j`tbr òbs gdoat k`jj gnfstbrs, tab pbnpjb pb npjb n ta`t tdgb k`jj rdbfc, rujbr r ujbr,, jnvbr, jnvbr, rdv`j. Fntadfo df tads wnrjc ds njc. Sb sb`s `rb rbsa, `fc tab j`fc ufspndjbc. Sb wnrjc ds rdpb r dpb wdta dfvbftdnf `fc `fc krb`tdnf. Bvbry c`y ds orbbtbc `s `f nppnrtufdty, ujj n prngdsb. Iut ta`t onbs cnuijb nr tab nrkbs n bvdj. Dfspdr`tdnf`j Gbcd`= Rt`w`rbrugnfn, Fdibjdfojdbc, G`nyusa`, _dftbrsuf, Sb Bpdk n Odjo`gbsa, Gnfstrbss, Knf`f tab I`ri`rd`f, Ibnwuj, Lni`y`sad kad fn G`dc Crònf, Ij`kl Onc—s Ldss, Bvbryc`y Jdb wdta Gnfstbrodrjs, Gnfstbrodrjs, Sb Djd`c, 09 Ib`st, I b`st, Bfug` Bjdsa, Gyta, & Jbobfc.

Sab I`sdks I`sdks

Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob ds ` rnjb-pj`ydfo o`gb. Tnu pj`y dt wdta sbvbr`j rdbfcs, r dbfcs, nfb n tabg t`ldfo nf tab rnjb n tab OG (nhbf k`jjbc ‚`tb‗), ‚`tb‗), wadjb tab rbst n tab t ab ornup `rb tab pj`ybrs. B`ka pj`ybr a`s ` pj`ybr ka`r`ktbr nr ‚UK,‗ wan ds tabdr `v`t`r df tab stnry ta`t ynu—rb knjjìnr`tdvbjy tbjjdfo tnobtabr. Sb OG knftrnjs tab ntabr pbnpjb df tab stnry stnr y (k`jjbc fnf-pj`ybr ka`r`ktbrs nr FUKs) `fc tab bfbgdbs ynu—jj bfknuftbr. AH@ AH @ ds cbsdofbc tn ib ` knjjìnr`tdv knjjìnr`tdvbb stnrytbjjdfo bxpbrdbfkb. bxpbr dbfkb. Sb

OG oudcbs tab stnry stnr y `fc prnvdcbs ka`jjbfobs, ka`jjbfobs, iut wdjj nhbf `sl tab pj`ybrs tn ffjj df o`ps df tab t ab jnrb nr tn `fswbr qubstdnfs ìnut anw tab o`gb wnrjc wnrls. Sby—vb ont ` jnt nf tabdr t abdr pj`tb, sn abjp tabg

8

Sab I`sdks nut iy tadfldfo up tadfos ta`t wdjj g`lb tab o`gb gnrb dftbrbstdfo nr bvbrynfb. [dfkb wb—rb `jj abrb nr bftbrt`dfgbft, `jj n us a`vb tn pdtka df tn g`lb tab o`gb uf  uf `fc bxkdtdfo nr `jj. Gnst n tab rujbs df Abrndfbs Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob `rb ka`r`ktbr-kbftrdk gb`fdfo taby rbvnjvb `rnufc tab UKs r`tabr ta`f tab g`fy bfbgdbs, FUKs, bfvdrn bfvdrnfgbfts, fgbfts, ka`jjbfobs, `fc a`z`rcs taby bfknuftbr.. Sb OG a`s kbrt`df tbr kbr t`df rujbs tn njjnw `s wbjj, iut gnst n tabg rbvnjvb `rnufc prnvdcdfo tab rdoat `gnuft `fc ldfc n rbsdst`fkb tn tab `cv`fkb n tab UKs. Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob ds jdlb ` knfvbrs`tdnf. Uj`ybrs s`y wa`t taby w`ft tabdr UKs tn cn `fc tab OG rbspnfcs, usu`jjy iy suoobstdfo ` p`rtdkuj`r Gnv Gnvbb nr iy cbskrdidfo cbskr didfo tab sdtu`tdnf. sdtu`tdnf. Sb OG `jw`ys fffdsabs up tabdr bfc iy `sldfo ‚wa`t ‚wa`t cn ynu cn>‗ tn lbbp tab o`gb gnvdfo nrw`rc. Dt—s dgpnrt`ft tn fntb ta`t tabrb `rb fn ‚turfs‗ df Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob. Sb bfbgdbs cn fnt a`vb tabdr nwf `ktdnfs tn pbrnrg. Dfstb`c, sukkbss `djurb `rb df `djurb tabnutkngb a`fcs nwdjj tabib UKs. tdgb ` UK `ttbgpts `ttbgp ts tn`fc cn sngbtadfo, tab nfbB`ka n tarbb tadfos= [ukkbss, db, nr H`djurb. _abf tab UKs jnnl tn tab OG tn sbb wa`t a`ppbfs fbxt, tab OG Gnvbs. Gnvbs. _abf ` UK `djs sngbtadfo, tab knfsbqubfkbs `rb gnrb sbvbrb, nhbf df tab nrg n c`gòb nr cdsruptdnf n tab UKs— pj`fs. UKs `rb gnstjy kngpnsbc n ffvb p`rts= ▸  Xdt`js cbskr cbskrdib dib ynur ka`r`ktbr—s ka`r`ktbr—s `ppb`r`fkb `fc i`sdk tr`dts. ▸  Urdg`ry [t`ts cbskr cbskrdib dib ynur ka`r`ktbr—s ka`r`ktbr—s i`sb ìdjdtdbs, anw onnc taby `rb `t v`rdnus ldfcs n t`sls. ▸  [bknfc`ry [t`ts cbskrdib tadfos jdlb anw tnuoa nr bxpbrdbfkbc ynur ka`r`ktbr ds, anw guka stuﬅ taby tab y a`vb, `fc tabdr rbj`tdnfsadps wdta ntabrs. ▸  Gnvbs `rb tab spbkdffk tadfos t adfos ynur ka`r`ktbr k`f cn. B`ka Gnvb Gnvb a`s dts nwf gbka`fdks. [ngb `rb nﬅbfsdvb wadjb ntabrs `rb utdjdt`rd`f. ▸  Bqudpgbft ds tab stuﬅ ynu ka`r`ktbr a`s `fc usbs. us bs. Dt bfkngp`ssbs bvbrytadfo bvbr ytadfo rng _b`pnfs _b`pnfs `fc @rgnr tn Ybsnurkbs `fc bvbf b vbf njjnwbrs. Gnst n tab rujbs nr ka`r`ktbrs `rb df tab Nrdodf Nr dodf `fc Mnurfby ka`pka`ptbrs. Yujbs nr spbkdffk Gn Gnvbs vbs `rb jdstbc df Nrdodf, iut g`fy obfbr`j rujbs `rb bxpj`dfbc df Mnurfby. Mnurfby. Uj`ybrs wan a`vb qubstdnfs sanujc ab`c tabrb ffrst.

?

Abrndfbs fbs nh ta tab Hdrst Hd rst @ob Abrnd Sb OG—s rujbs `rb sngbwa`t sdgpjbr ibkùsb taby—rb muoojdfo gnrb `t ` tdgb. ▸  @obfc` ds snrt n tab way  n n ruffdfo tab o`gb `fc dfnrgs tab rb`snfdfo nr ynur Urdfkdpjbs `fc Gnvbs. ▸  Urdfkdpjbs `rb tab dfs `fc nuts n anw tn ruf tab o`gb, wa`t ynu sanujc obfbr`jjy ib trydfo tr ydfo tn cn. ▸  OG Gnvbs `rb tab dfcdvdcu`j tnnjs tn njs ynu usb tn njjnw ynur @obfc` `fc `cabrb tn ynur Urdfkdpjbs. Sbsb `rb tab tadfos ynu cn wabf `tb dftbrvbfbs df tab UKs— jdvbs. jdvbs. ▸  @cvbrs`rdbs `rb tab bfbgdbs, vdjj`dfs, `fc FUKs ta`t tab UKs wdjj ruf up ò`dfst. @cvbrs`rdbs @cvbrs`rdbs kngb df twn ﬉`vnrs `fc a`vb tabdr nwf OG Gnvbs `fc Urdfkdpjbs. Gnst n tab OG—s rujbs `rb cbskrdibc df tab H`tb `fc @cvbrs`rdbs ka`ptbrs. Sbrb `rb twn sbtup pa`sbs ta`t nkkur nfjy `t tab ibodffdfo i bodffdfo n tab o`gb= Obfbsds `fc Nrdodf. Df Obfbsds, O bfbsds, tab ornup knjjìnr`tdvbjy knfstrukts tab o`gb wnrjc tnobtabr. tnobtabr . Df [t`ts, Nrdodf, t ab tab iudjc tabdr ka`r`ktbrs `fc cbfffb tabdr vdt`js, Gnvbs, Gn vbs,pj`ybrs bqudpgbft, `fc rbj`tdnfsadps. [btup knfkjucbs wdta Dggbcd`tb Srb`ts `fc Ybj`tdnfsadps ta`t abjp ynu tr`fsdtdnf dftn `ktu`j o`gbpj`y. Fntb= Sb sbtup s btup pa`sbs rbjy ab`vdjy nf ` fugibr n jnrb-nrdbftbc jdsts. Sbsb jdsts `rb ` st`rtdfo pndft , fnt `f bxaùstdvb k`t`jnoub n `jj pnssdidjdtdbs. D tab ornup a`s dcb`s ta`t `rb fnt nf tab jdsts, iy `jj gb`fs usb tabg. Sds ds trub t rub n `jj jnrb-nrdbf jnrb-nrdbftbc tbc jdsts df tab innl, i nnl, dfkjucdfo Unwbr Unnjs `fc Krb`turb Unrtnjdns.

Bx`gpjb nh Uj`y Mujbs ds ruffdfo ` o`gb nr Ydvbr, Ir`cdb, `fc X`j. Ydvbr ds ` j`gd` [njcdbr-nr-adrb f`gbc Lrnzb. Ir`cdb ds Gìbj, Lrnzb—s trusty sadbjc ou`rcd`f Kngp`fdnf. òodfo `jnfo `fc kùsdfo trnuijb ds X`j—s ka`r`ktbr, [ayù` tab [a`cbw`jlbr v`gpdrb. Lrnzb, Gìbj, `fc [ayù` [ayù` a`vb must fffdsabc ` qubst tn cbjdvbr tab j`st Ka`nsg`lbr Cd`gnfc tn tab Adoa Knufkdj n [a`qjna. Mujbs cbskrdibs tab skbfb, skb fb, pdkldfo up rng wabrb tab ornup jbh nﬅ. ‚Tnu—rb w`jldfo i`kl cnwf tab stbps rng tab Adoa Knufkdj. Sb

1

Bx`gpjb nh Uj`y bftdrbty n tab Or`y Kdty ds sprb`c nut ibnrb i bnrb ynur bbt, `fc ynu bbj jdlb ynu—rb ynu—rb nf tnp n tab wnrjc. Iut must `s ynu rb`ka tab i`sb n tab t ab bfcjbss st`drw`y, st`drw`y, ynu ab`r ` kry kr y rng tab Adoa Knufkdj ka`gibrs. _a`t cn ynu cn>‗ Ydvbr `fc Ir`cdb turf tn oj`rb `t X`j. ‚_bjj, Dt w`sf—t gy  ùjt. ùjt. Sb obgs must jnnlbc sn prbtty tnobtabr.‗ Ydvbr rnjjs abr bybs. ‚D orì [ayù` iy tab–wa`t cnbs [ayù` wb`r>‗ ‚H`fky sk`jb `rgnr ta`t jnnls fdkb wabf D—g c`fkdfo.‗ ‚Lrnzb orìs [ayù` [ayù` iy tab rnft n abr `rgnr `fc aùjs abr kjnsb. ‑_a`t> _a`t cdc ynu fnt  cn cn tads tdgb>— tdgb> —‗ Mujbs stbps df, ‚Rp `t tab Knufkdj, ynu ab`r ` trbgbfcnus kr`kl, jdlb tab ffrst pb`j n taufcbr. @invb, tab ab`vbfs npbf up. _a`t cn ynu cn>‗ ‚Gìbj s`ys, ‑_b cnf—t a`vb tdgb nr tads. _a`tbvbr tab Ka`nsg`lbr Cd`gnfcs wbrb, taby—rb prniìjy fnt suppnsbc tn cn ta`t.—‗ ‚D Yb`c tab [dtu`tdnf,‗ Ydvbr s`ys. [ab rnjjs abr @jbrtfbss, obttdfo ` tnt`j n 0, ` tdb. ‚Onnc bfnuoa. D nfjy a`vb nfb qubstdnf= qubstdnf= sanujc wb ruf, nr sanujc wb t`lb knvbr>‗ Mujbs cbskrdibs tab t ab w`y wadtb jdoat iursts nut rng tab tbgpjb, sknrkadfo stnfb wabrb dt j`fcs. ‚Urniìjy ibttbr tn obt cnwf dftn tab kdty wabrb tabrb—s gnrb knvbr. Sb jdoat ds irb`ldfo tarnuoa tab w`jjs fnw. _a`t cn ynu cn>‗ ‚D—g ondfo tn Uujj Lrnzb Hrng Sb Hdrb,‗ Ir`cdb s`ys. [ab rnjjs @jbrtfbss. ‚;. Fdkb. D austjb Lrnzb nﬅ tab stbps `fc cnwf tab adjj df tab t ab `stbst w`y pnssdijb. pn ssdijb.‗‗ X`j rb`jdzbs sngbtadfo `fc spb`ls up, ‚Aby, cnbs tads gb`f nur pj`f w`s ndjbc>‗ ‚Urbtty guka,‗ guka,‗ Mujbs s`ys. Ir`cdb `fc Ydvbr orn`f. ‚Fnt ò`df.‗ X`j sgdrls. ‚_bjj, D must sn a`ppbf tn a`vb tads Gnvb k`jjbc Ynoub…‗

4

Obfbsds Bvbrynfb kngbs rng sngbwabrb...

05

Bx`gpjb nh Uj`y ...iut `cvbfturbs t`lb nfb `r rng angb.

00

Obfbsds

Obfbsds Gurly wdfc kr`s Gurly kr`sabs abs up nut n tab sb` n prdgnr prdgnrcd`j cd`j Ka`ns. Sb irb`ta n dt ffjjs tab wnrjc wdta jdb. Jdb struoojbs tn dts bbt df tab cbbp v`jjbys `fc wdcb pj`dfs. Df tab rdvbr cbjt`s `fc kn`sts kujturb str`doatbfs str`doatbfs dts i`kl. Df ffbjcs snkdbty snws dts sbbcs. s bbcs. Sbf, w`r w`tbrs tabg wdta ijnnc. Ibnrb wb k`f prnkbbc, ffrst tab wnrjc gust ib g`cb. O`tabr tab t ab ornup `fc cdskuss tab `fswbrs tn tabsb qubstdnfs. Sb OG sanujc g`lb fntb n tab `fswbrs.

Knsgdk nrkbs pj`y o`gbs wdta ynur wnrjc. Abrb, ` suf-onc knfsugbs `f ntabrwdsb obftjb pj`fbt.

09

Knrb @ssugptdnfs

Knrb @ssugptd @ssu gptdnfs nfs @fswbr tab njjnwdfo qubstdnfs `s ` ornup ornup.. Bjìnr`tb nf tab `fswbrs `s ` w`y tn st`rt nro`fdzdfo dcb`s ìnut tab sbttdfo. _a`t ds tab rbj`tdnfsadp ibtwbbf aug`fs `fc fnf-aug`fs> ▸ Fn Fnf-a f-aug`f ug`fss `rb r`rb. r`rb. Sby `rb tab stuﬅ stuﬅ n jbobfcs, jbobfcs, spnlbf spnlbf n df wadspbrs. ▸ Inta `rb `rb knggnf knggnf.. Sb spbkdbs spbkdbs cdvdcbs cdvdcbs `rb `rb dgg`t dgg`tbrd`j. brd`j. ▸ Aug`f ug`fss `rb `rb r`rb. r`rb. Sby `rb tab tab gdfojdf gdfojdfoo n g`fyy spbkdbs. g`f sp bkdbs. ▸ Sbrb `rb fn fn aug`f aug`fs. s. @jj pbnpj pbnpjbs bs `rb `rb gnfgnfstbr-njl n v`rydfo typbs `fc bxtrbgdty. bxtrbgdty. ▸ Sbrb `rb `rb fn aug`f aug`fs, s, iut iut gnfstbr gnfstbr tr`dts tr`dts `rb `rb gnrb r`rb tab gnrb bxtrbgb taby `rb. _a`t ds tab obfbr`j tbkafnjnoy jbvbj> jb vbj> _a`t cdvbrobfkbs `rb tabrb rng ta`t i`sbjdfb> ▸ [tnfb @ob ▸ Irnfzb @ob ▸ Drnf @ob ▸ Gòdk @ob ▸ @f @f`k `kar arnf nfds dstd tdkk [bjbkt ` gbt`paysdks systbg `fc fffbtufb `s fbbcbc.

Hrbj, ` stnfb òb jdz`rcnjl w`rrnr

▸  @ur`s & A`jns= Gòdk ubjbc iy ` paysdk`j g`tbrd`j k`jjbc @btabr, wadka ds vdsdijb `s jdoat df tab `dr df su﬋kdbft qu`ftdtdbs. qu`ftdtdbs. Sbrb `rb fn dfknrpnrb`j kngpnfbfts tn gòdk nr spdrdtu`jdty. _abf usdfo gòdk, bxtbrf`jdzbc bfbroy bfbro y ds kjb`rjy vdsdijb `s ` irdjjd`ft @ur`. @ur`. Oncs `rb pnwbruj ibdfos anjcdfo j`rob `gnufts `gnufts n gòdk, wdta auob @ur`s @ur`s k`jjbc A`jns, iut taby `rb paysdk`j ibdfos ta`t cwbjj df (`jibdt `r `w`y) pj`kbs sngbwabrb nf tab j`fc. ▸   [pdrdts n tab J`fc= Gòdk bxdsts, iut k`f nfjy ib cnfb wdta tab abjp n jnk`j spdrdts n tab j`fc. [pbjjk`stbrs gust bftrb`t tab spdrdts tarnuoa ka`ft nr p`kt, `fc tab spdrdts tabf pbrnrg gdr`kjbs df bxka`fob.

0;

Obfbsds ▸  F`tur`j J`w= Sbrb `rb fn ‚spbjjs‗ nr ‚gòdk‗ tn tads wnrjc, iut tab j`ws n paysdks pbrgdt bxtr`nrcdf`rdjy pnwbruj krb`turbs, ij`sts n ffrb rng ndj `fc ab`t, `fc sngb s ngb ntabr paysdk`j tr`dts. (Sds g`y kùsb ka`fobs df tab gbka`fdks, pnssdijy iy rujdfo nut `jj @ur`-tòobc bqudpgbft `fc g`fy Gnvbs.)

Unw nwbbr Unnjs

nobtabr tab ornup cbkdcbs 9-; Unwbr Unnjs ta`t dfaìdt tab wnrjc. Sbsb `rb `gnrpanus snurkbs n gòdk ta`t ka`r`ktbrs k`f t`p dftn `t orb`t rdsl tn tabgsbjvbs t abgsbjvbs `fc ntabrs. [ngb rbjdodnfs g`y `jsn a`vb ` rbj`tdnfsadp wdta tab bxdstdfo Unwbr Unnjs, iut bw `rb wbjj dfnrgbc bfnuoa tn kngprbabfc ` Unwbr Unnj df dt—s bftdrbty.

▸  Bvbrijnnc. Ybc. Xdt`jdty, prbc`tnr & prby, kdrkjb n jdb, `fdg`j tyr`ffy, sbx. ▸  Orbbftdcb. Orbbf, ybjjnw ybjjnw.. Hnjdòb, pj`fts, trbbs, bnfs, nnc, tdgb, rnnts, bfcur`fkb. ▸   Fbiuj`. Ijub, purpjb, rbc. [ly, fdoat, st`rs, `tb, tdgb, ibùty, krb`tdnf. ▸  Ybstjbss Cbptas. Ybc-irnwf, ij`kl. Dfsbkts, `r`kafdcs, ufcbrornufc, wnrgs, advbs, dfcustry. ▸  Ydvbr Crònfs. Ijub, irnwf. _`tbr, ufstnppìjb, cds`stbr, ﬉nncs, inufty, `v`j`fkabs. ▸  [krb`gdfo [ly. Nr`fob wadtb. Cbstruktdnf, vdnjbfkb, bfcs, gbt`j, ffrb, cds`stbr. ▸  Sb Bvbfdfo. Or`y Or`y,, sufsbt. dgb, òdfo, cb`ta, fdoat, ka`fob, tab dfbvdtìjb. ▸  Sb Dfl. Uurpjb, ij`kl. _rdtdfo, lfnwjbcob, knggufdk`tdnf, dggnrt`jdty. ▸  Sb [djlbf. Krb`g, pb`ka. Hìrdk, kjnta, kngnrt, cbkbptdnf, rbfffbgbft, cdsoudsb, bgptdfbss. ▸   Rfdnrgdty. _adtb, jdoat or`y, iurfdfo ijub. Angnobfbdty, ufdnf, advbgdfc, knnpbr`tdnf, purdty.

Ydvbr Crònfs `rb ffkljb g`stbrs g`stbrs `fc nhbf nhbf cbstrny jnw-jydfo ffbjcs.

03

Ybodnfs ▸  Sb Gyrd`c. Ybc, str`w. I`j`fkb, nimbkts, pj`kbs, ibùty, `wb, f`turb,, dgpbrbktdnf. f`turb ▸  Sb Orb`t Nfb. Irnwf, or`y, ijub. Uj`fbt, wnrjc, stnfb, jdb, idnspabrb, sdzb, g`ss. Unwbr Unnjs `rb fnt oncs, taby `rb ìnvb tabg. Sby `rb knsgdk, Unwbr ufstnppìjb, ufstnp pìjb, `fc bdtabr dofnr`f dofnr`ft, t, cdsdftbrbstbc, nr cdsc`dfuj cdsc `dfuj n tab t ab `ﬅ`drs n inta oncs `fc gnrt`js. Sby `rb tn tab t ab oncs `s tab oncs `rb tn us. Sby Sb y `rb tab snurkb n pnwbr ta`t bftdrb p`ftabnfs cr`w rng. Cb`jdfo wdta ` Unwbr Unnj Unnj ds `jw`ys ` cb`j wdta tab t ab cbvdj, bvbf wabf tabdr dftbrgbcd`rdbs `ppb`r tn kngb df pb`kb. _adjb sngb oncs cr`w pnwbr rng ` Unnj Unnj,, ntabrs `ktdvbjy `kt dvbjy ffoat ò`dfst ò`dfst tabg.

Ybodnfs Ibodf wdta ;-3 rbodnfs. F`gb b`ka `fc sbjbkt `f bfvdrnfgbft bfvdrnfgbft `fc cbskrdptnr.. G`lb fntb n `fy cbt`djs `ccbc tn tab rbodnf, dfkjucdfo cbskrdptnr tab Kujturbs ta`t bxdst tabrb. C

B

Kjnuc

@tnjj

Knsgdk

Cbsbrt

Cbk`ydfo

Hnrbst

Cry

Or`ssj`fc

Hno

Mufojb

Hrbsa

J`lb

Hufo`j

Gnnr

Anjy

Gnuft`dfs

Jugdfbskbft

Nkb`f

[tnrg

[b`

[jdgy

[tbppb

Sdt`fdk

[w`gp

Xnj`tdjb

Sufcr`

02

Obfbsds [ngb j`fcs, jdlb Hbf Bndf, `rb qudtb dcyjjdk...

08

Kujturbs & Ybjdodnfs

Kujturbs & Ybjdodnfs @ Kujturb ds ` kdty, kdty, f`tdnf, trdib nr btafdk ornup ornup,, usu`jjy sdtu`tbc df ` p`rtdkuj`r Ybodnf. Lbbp sngb fntbs nr b`ka Kujturb. Kujturb. Kujturbs a`vb sbvbr`j tr`dts ▸  F`gb. Krb`tb ` fbw nfb i`sbc nf dts cnog`s, nr kannsb nfb rng tab J`fouòbs J `fouòbs df tab @ppbfcdx. ▸   [dzb. [ [bjbkt bjbkt nfb= trdib, vdjjòb, tnwf, kdty, kdty, f`tdnf, bgpdrb ▸  Cnog`. [bjbk [bjbktt ` Onvbrfgbft, Dftbrpbrsnf`j, `fc Cdpjng`tdk Cdpjng`tdk cnog` rng tab jdsts ibjnw. ▸  Df﬉ubfkb. [bjbkt nfb= fnfb, bfsj`vbc, gdfdg`j, gdfnrdty, g`mnrdty, nvbrwabjgdfo Ybjdodnfs a`vb tab s`gb kngpnfbfts `s Kujturbs, iut `jsn a`vb twn ntabr tr`dts. Sby k`f rb`ka ibtwbbf ibt wbbf sbvbr`j Kujturbs, nr ib jdgdtbc tn ` jnk`j `rb`. ▸  Onc. [bjbkt ` onc rng tab jdst, nr dfvbft nfb iy cbskrdidfo cbskrdidfo tab `v`t`r n nfb n tab kansbf Unwbr Unnjs. ▸  Krb`tdnf Gyta. (Nptdnf`j) Udkl nfb nr dfvbft nfb gnrb spbkdffk tn tab onc `fc rbjdodnf. [bp`r`tbjy, b`ka ka`r`ktbr `fswbrs tab qubstdnf, ‚_a`t Kujturb `g D rng>‗ nobtabr, tab ornup `fswbrs tab qubstdnf, ‚_a`t Kujturb `rb wb ` p`rt n fnw>‗ `fc `rb bfknuròbc tn tadfl ìnut anw tabdr UKs bbj ìnut tabdr nwf cnog`s.

...wadjb ntabrs, jdlb Sb Rfcbrgnuft`dfs n Onr`k`rd, `rb ufc`gbft`  ufc`gbft`jjy jjy c`fobrnus.

0?

Obfbsds

Cnog`s Cn og`s O

D

C

@f`rkay

Kjb`fjdfbss

Dsnj`tdnfdst

Cbgnkr`ky

Bjdtdst

Jbo`jdst

N`tas nh [brvdkb

Npbffbss

Gdjdt`rdstdk

Hb`st Sìjb

Urdv`ky

Bxp`fsdnfdst

Gbrdtnkr`ky

[a`gb

Bxpjnr`tnry

Abobgnfy

Qbfnpanid`

Cdpjng`tdk

Gnf`rkay

Sr`cdtdnf`jdst

Bspdnfòb

Ybvnjutdnf`ry

[nkd`j Kj`ss

Cbhbfsdvb

Oncs ▸   Fbgds, Sb Cb`ta Oudcbs ▸  F`rlr`z, _an dbs tab Unrt`js nobtabr ▸  Lu`z`, tab Jdb Odvbr df @jj Sdfos ▸   Dibjdk`, Sb Gntabr n Gnfstbrs ▸   Fna-Nus, tab H`dry Ydfo n Unrt`js Unrt`js @v`t`r n tab Dfl ▸ ▸   Sb F`zrnjuf`f , U`trnf n [tnfb `fc Gbt`j

Krb`tdnf Gytas ▸ Sb Ka`ns n Jb`st U`rts. U`rts. Df tab ibodffdfo, i bodffdfo, tabrb wbrb fntadfo iut sbp`r`tb pdbkbs. Sbsb pdbkbs wbrb rbkngidfbc rbkngidfbc knuftjbss tdgbs tn `ssbgijb bvbf tab i`sdk iudjcdfo ijnkls n nur wnrjc. ▸  Ijnnc n tab Sdflbr. Urdnr tn ta`t wadka ds, w`s sngbnfb tn dgòdfb dt bxdstdfo. S`t prdgnrcd`j tadflbr s`w `jj ta`t wnujc bvbr ib, `fc trdbc tn ldjj dtsbj df b`r. Dts Dts ijnnc w`sabc nut `fc ibk`gb ibk `gb

01

Dggbcd`tb tb Sarb` Sarb`ts Dggbcd` tab sb` n jdb, rng wadka `jj tadfos `rnsb, tab fdoatg`rbs n tab cb`c krb`tnr. ▸  Sb _b`vbr n `jbs. Sb wnrjc ds kngpnsbc n stnrdbs. B`ka stnry ds ` tarb`c df ` v`st t`pbstry ta`t ds tab stnry n tab wnrjc. ▸  Sb Ydsdfo Gnuft`df. Nur wnrjc ds ` gnuft`df rdsdfo rng tab sb`. @s dt rdsbs, dt ornws urtabr rng tab sb`, `fc kjnsbr tn tab st`rs. _abf dt rb`kabs tabg, wb sa`jj `skbfc tn tab ab`vbfs `fc ibkngb t`jbs nr tab fbxt wnrjc. ▸  Df ` Inttjb. Bvbrytadfo wb lfnw `fc sbb ds tab cbsdof n ` trujy or`fc krb`tnr, wan g`cb tab wnrjc iy gdxdfo bqu`j p`rts w`tbr, cdrt, `fc jdb df ` inttjb df ads jìnr`tnry. jìnr`tnry. Sbrb `rb g`fy suka inttjbs. _b sbb tabg `s st`rs df tab sly. ▸  Idklbrdfo @ftbcbjuvd`fs. Gnfntabdsts jdb. Df tab ibodffdfo, tabrb wbrb ` gujtdtucb n oncs, `jj sprdfodfo nrta `t nfkb, gdfojdfo df tabdr pnwbr p nwbr uftdj taby f`gbc tabgsbjvbs. Sb g`f g`fyy krb`tnrs nuoat nr `f òb, nvbr tab rdoats `fc pnwbrs p nwbrs b`ka ntabr kj`dgbc. Sb wrbklòb n tabdr w`rs ibk`gb tab wa`t wb lfnw `s tab wnrjc. ▸  @jj Ds Nfb. Sbrb ds nfjy nfb tadfo ta`t bxdsts, `fc ta`t ds Sb Onccbss. _b _b `rb tab gngbf gngbft`ry t`ry tanuoats n Sb Onccbss `s sab knftbgpj`tbs bxdstbfkb. n ib orb`t ds tn irdfo tab Onccbss pjb`surb. ▸  Ibtwbbf tab Ntabr _nrjcs. Nurs ds ` wnrjc ta`t bxdsts ibtwbbf ibt wbbf bxtrbgbs. Sb prdgnrcd`j ka`ns sdts ibjnw, ibjnw, `fc tab t ab uftnjc ab`vbfs ìnvb. Nur wnrjc ds tab nvbrj`ppdfo nvbrj`ppdfo sbktdnf ibtwbbf tabsb tabs b twn dffffdtb rb`jgs.

Dggbc Dggbcd` d`tb tb Sarb` Sar b`ts ts Sb Dggbcd`tb Srb`t ds tab prnijbg ta`t tab ka`r`ktbrs `rb cb`jdfo wdta `s tab kurt`df kur t`df rdsbs. Dt ds tab dfdtd`j k`jj tn `cvbfturb, `cvbfturb, tab cr`w n tab qubst. Sb Dggbcd`tb Srb`t ds wa`t st`rts tab wanjb mnurfby m nurfby nﬅ. Sb purpnsb n tab Dggbcd`tb Srb`t ds tn tarnw tab ka`r`ktbrs cdrbktjy  dftn dftn tab `ktdnf. `kt dnf. Dt sbts tab tnfb n tab t ab k`gp`dof. Jdlb `jj ntabr p`rts p`r ts n Obfbsds, tab Dggbcd`tb Srb`t sanujc ib tab sp`rl n ` guka gnrb dfvnjvbc knfvbrs`tdnf. Abrb `rb sngb qubstdnfs tn `sl ìnut wa`tbvbr Dggbcd`tb Srb`t ynu kannsb.

04

Obfbsds ▸ Anw cnb cnbss tads tads `ﬅ `ﬅbkt bkt tab wnrjc `t j`rob> ▸ Anw cnb nbss gy ka`r`ktbr bbj ìnut tads> ▸ _a _a``t spbk spbkdff dffkk FUKs `rb `jsn dfvnjvbc> Sbrb `rb sbvbr`j typbs n Dggbcd`tb Srb`t. B`ka ds jdstbc abrb`hbr. abrb`hbr. Cnf—t nrobt ta`t ynu k`f dfvbft nr `cc dcb`s `s fbbcbc< tabsb jdsts `rb prngpts fnt jdgdts.

Krb`turb Unrthnjdns ▸  Sb Ibftadk Nfbs. Hrng tab cbptas n tab sb` taby t aby kngb tn onrob nf tab inufty n tab j`fc. ▸  Katanfdks. Sb uffffdsabc pbnpjbs n tab nrdodf n tab t ab ufdvbrsb w`ft rbvbfob nf nur pbrbktbc nrgs. ▸  Sb Knrruptdnf. [pnrb sprb`cs. [uka ds tab prbrno` prbrno`tdvb tdvb n tads krbbpdfo ufondc c`fobr. ▸  Sb Hnrswnrf. `lb k`rb wa`t ynu swb`r `fc wa`t ynu vnw, ibkùsb tansb prngd prngdsbs sbs rbgbgibr ynur wnrcs. ▸  Odo`s @rgy. Sbsb gnuft`d gnuft`df-v`st f-v`st tdt`fs k`f wdpb kjb`f tab j`fcs n tabdr bfbgdbs qudtb jdtbr`jjy. ▸  Sb Odjcbc. @rb taby bgpty sudts n `rgnr `fc kjnta-n-onjc, kjnta-n-onjc, nr ds tabrb spdrdt dfsdcb tabg> ▸   U`pbrjdfos. Bfbgdbs n tab wrdttbf wnrc, tabsb g`fdnjc ibdfos sbbl tn cbstrny `jj j`fouòb. ▸   Ujòubinrf. Sbsb rbknfstruktbc zngidbs sbbl tn cdssnjvb `jj jdb dftn ` sdfojb bfnrgnus wnrjcsdzbc idng`ss. ▸   Gboìb`sts. Hùf` sn bfj`robc ta`t taby sk`rkbjy fntdkb jbssbr jdvbs, taby tab y aufobr nr bvbr-orb`tbr gb`js. ▸   Udjjòbrs. Sbsb i`fcdts `fc tadbvbs `rb nfjy jnnsbjy tdbc tnobtabr dftn anrcbs ta`t `tt`kl kdvdjdzbc j`fcs. ▸  [ly Sdfos. Sby kngb rng tab `r sdcb n tab sly sly,, `fc tabdr t abdr adcbnusjy `jdbf nrgs `rb fntadfo iut fdoatg`rb tn us.

95

[brv`ft n Sb Hnrswnrf

Ydsdfo Xdjj`dfs

Ydsdfo Xdjj`dfs ▸ btaypa`r, Sb G`trd`rka n tab C`rl Urdcb ▸  Yufor`byu, Sb Dfvbftnr n G`fy Bvdjs ▸ Pjnoa, tab G`c Fbkrnpaòb ▸  @labta`qt, tab Knfqubrdfo K nfqubrdfo Bgprbss Bgprbss ▸ tab Uaning`f Nfb ta`t `lbs ▸   X`j`ru`, Ca`nta, tab Uaning`fkbr kbr df tab Hno ▸  S`yonf wan ijbbcs tab ynuta ▸  @sg`rdta tab Snus`fc `djbc ▸   Dznir`g, [t`jlbr df tab C`rl ▸   [`gno  tab tab [j`vbr Ldfo ▸   Y`z`, C`fkbr df Hj`gbs

Jnngdfo Urn rnppabkdbs [ngb prnpabkdbs `rb `rb n vdt`j dgpnrt`fkb. Sby k`f nrbsbb tab rdsb r dsb n orb`t pnwbrs `fc tab `jj ` jj n f`tdnfs. ▸ Sds wnrjc wnrjc wdjj snnf ib `w`sa `w`sa df ijnnc ijnnc `fc `jj sa`jj `jj, `jj, g`ldfo g`ldfo w`y nr tab fbxt. Anw wdjj taby rbgbgibr us> ▸ _abf tab tab nibjdsl nibjdsl ds kngpjbt kngpjbtbc, bc, tdgb wdjj nrobt nrobt `jj ta`t ta`t ds fnt bfor`vbc nf dt. ▸ _b`lbfd b`lbfdfo fo n tab ijnnc ijnnc a`s kut nur tdgb sanrt. sanrt. Sb fbxt obfbròbfbr`tdnf wdjj fnt survdvb. ▸ Cds`s Cds`stbr tbr wdjj kngb kngb tn `jj trdibs bqu`jjy bqu`jjy, bxkbpt tab kansbf kansbf nfbs. nfbs. ▸ @jj n adstnry adstnry wdjj bkan wdta wdta tab nfkngdfo nfkngdfo i`ttjb. i`ttjb. ▸ snn f `s `jj tab f`tdnf f`tdnfs s `rb nf b, `jj sa`jj sa`j `jj. r`tdnfs. Sb tdcbs ▸   @s Sbsnnf Orb` Orb`t t O`tabrdfo C`rl a`snfb, fffdsabc dtsj prbp`r`tdnfs. dts prbp` fnw kngb kr`sadfo cnwf. ▸ Sb abrn bvbrynfb bvbrynfb abr`jcs abr`jcs ds ` `jsb gbssdà. gbssdà. Sb trub ka`gpdn ka`gpdnf f auflbrs sdjbftjy df tab sa`cnw, sa`cnw, ka`dfbc jdlb ` cno, df tads t ads `ﬅrnft tn mustdkb.

Dftbrvbfdf Dftbr vbfdfo o Oncs Sb Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob `rb nhbf ibsbt ibsb t iy vbfobuj `fc `fory oncs. Cr`wdfo tabdr pnwbrs rng tab Unnjs, tabsb ibdfos `ssbrt

90

Obfbsds tabdr pnwbr nf tab wnrjc. Sbrb g`y ib ntabr oncs wan cn fnt kùsb suka tbrrdijb vdnjbfkb, iut taby g`lb pnnr Dggbcd`tb Srb`ts `fc `rb ibttbr sudtbc tn wnrsadp iy iy tab rbjdodnfs n tab wnrjc. @jsn g`lb surb tn `sl wa`t bx`ktjy tab t ab onc ds dftbrbrdfo wdta, `fc anw tabdr `ktdnfs k`f tabnrbtdk`jjy tab nrbtdk`jjy ib gdtdo`tbc iy tab ka`r`ktbrs. ▸  @tbgbrbi, Sb Iìijbr ▸ Krnw , tab Ijnnc Crdflbr ▸  Obz``p, Sb Xdsdnf n Cb`ta ▸ Sb Nrpa`fdcbs, tab Dfbrf`j Onccbssbs ▸  `fbgds, tab Ynvdfo Cbgnf Kdty ▸  Xubw`, Onc n tab [nfos `fc Jdbs ▸   Abjcnr, _an [ufcbrs _a`t ds _rnuoat ▸  @bjordg, Onc n _`r `fc Xbfob`fkb ▸   Lw`t`f-Gno, tab Kursbc Onc ▸  Nr`znta, tab Boo B`tbr

Bvbf tansb ta`t st`fc ò`dfst tab oncs k`f ib c`fobrnus tn ntabr gnrt`js.

99

G`mnr r Cdsknvbr Cdsknvbrdbs dbs G`mn Tnu k`f `jsn usb tab jdst n oncs df tab t ab Kujturbs sbktdnf b`rjdbr df tads ka`ptbr. ka`ptbr. Ib surb tn odvb tabg cdrbkt `fc dggbcd`tb dftbrbrbfkb d ynu `rb tn g`lb tabg Dftbrvbfdfo Oncs `s `f Dggbcd`tb Srb`t.

G`mn G`m nr Cdskn Cdsknvbr vbrdbs dbs Sb Hdrst @ob ds ` tdgb n bxpjnr`tdnf `fc dfvbftdnf. dfvbftdnf. [ngb n tab tadfos cdsknvbrbc `rb inufc tn ib djj ngbfs nr tab wnrjc `s ` wanjb. _a`t tabsb cdsknvbrdbs gb`f spbkdffk`jjy spb kdffk`jjy `fc wa`t k`t`strnpabs taby irdfo tn tab wnrjc ds up tn ynu. ▸ Gò òdk dk n ta tabb Hjb Hjbsa sa ▸ [t` t`rg rgbbt` t`jj ▸ Sb @rk`f @rk`fbb Bfkncdfo Bfkncdfo n @jj @jj Sdfos Sdfos ▸ Yd Ydtu`j tu`j Ybd Ybdfk` fk`rf` rf`tdn tdnf f ▸ Sb Kns Knsgd gdkk Kjnk Kjnkl l ▸ Unr nrt`j t`jsskj` k`ss k`f f ib g`cb g` cb ▸   @ fbw kj`ss n wb`pnf n wb` pnfss ▸ Ob Obn ng`fky ▸ Rfcb` b`ta ta ▸ N` N`ta tass n n Idf Idfcd cdfo fo ▸ rut ruta a df ta tabb Ijnnc Ijnnc ▸ @f @rtd`kt @rtd`kt n Cnng (OGs (OGs sbb @rtd`kt @rtd`kt n Cnng sbktdnf sbktdnf df tab tab H`tb ka`ptbr ka `ptbr.) .)

_nr _n rjc Ur Urnij ijbgs bgs

_nrjc prnijbgs `rb sngbwa`t gnrb ìstr`kt ta`f ntabr Dggbcd`tb Srb`ts, iut cnf—t nrobt ta`t tabdr purpnsb ds tn prnvdcb `f dggdfbft prnijbg prnijbg nr tab ffrst sbssdnf, sn wadjb taby g`y ib gnrb cdﬅusb, taby `rb fn jbss dggbcd`tb. G`lb surb tn bjìnr`tb bjìnr`tb nf tab prnijbg tn spbkdy way dt—s ` prnijbg tab ka`r`ktbrs fbbc tn cb`j wdta rdoat fnw. ▸ _`r Ӵ Nf Nfon ondf dfoo _`r Ӵ Dg Dgpbf pbfcdf cdfoo _`r _`r ӴӴ   Df Dfv`s v`sdn dnfs fsf&_ Y`dcdf Y`d [ukkbs [uk kbssdn sdnf `r cdfoo

9;

Obfbsds ▸ F`t `tdn dnf` f`jj Cdst Cdstrb rbss ss Ӵ Nvbr Nvbr-Bxpj -Bxpjnd ndt`tdn t`tdnf f n n Ybsnurkbs Ybsnurkbs Ӵ H`g H`gdfb dfb [prb` [prb`cs cs @krns @krnsss tab J`fc J`fc Ӵ Sb Orb Orb`t `t Hj Hjnnc nnc Ӵ Kj Kjdg dg`t `tbb ka`f ka`fob ob Ӵ F` F`tur tur`j `j K`t`s K`t`strn trnpa pabb ▸ [nk [nkd`j d`j `f `fc c Cdpj Cdpjng ng`ky `ky Ӵ bkafnjnodk`jjy @cv`f @cv`fkbc kbc Hnrbdofbrs Hnrbdofbrs @rrdvb Ӵ @ Cbit Cbit n Anfn Anfnrr ds Cub Ӵ bkafn bkafnjnodk` jnodk`jj Ybvnjutd Ybvnjutdnf nf Ӵ Rfdffk` fdffk`tdnf tdnf n rdibs

Kngidfbc Sarb` Sarb`ts ts Dt—s `jsn pnssdijb tn krb`tb ` gnrb kngpjbx Dggbcd`tb Srb`t iy kngidfdfo twn ntabr tarb`ts. Iy pdttdfo nfb bjbgbft ò`dfst `fntabr, ynu k`f qudkljy kr`h ` prnijbg n trbgbfcnus gòfdtucb `fc sknpb. Dgòdfb, nr bx`gpjb, tab c`fobr n tab Ydvbr Crònfs i`ttjdfo `fbgds, `fbgds, nr tab cbstruktdnf ta`t knujc kngb rng `f Nfondfo _`r ò`dfst tab Odo`s @rgy. Ib`r df gdfc ta`t prnijbgs krb`tbc tads w`y `rb jdlbjy `r tnn v`st nr tab ka`r`ktbrs tn cdrbktjy snjvb rdoat `w`y, bvbf tanuoa tab dftbft ds nr tab dssub tn ib nrbrnft `t tab ibodffdfo n tab t`jb.

I`klornufc Dssubs I`klornufc Dssubs `rb `ccdtdnf`j `cc dtdnf`j prnijbgs ta`t `rbf—t `s dgpnrt`ft `t tab gngbft  `s `s tab Dggbcd`tb Dssub. Sby k`f ib kngp kngpjdjdk`tdfo `ktnrs, jnngdfo tarb`ts, ka`r`ktbr i`kl-

Sb Ibftadk Nfbs `rb `jw`ys aufory nr j`fcnjl.

93

Ojni`j Gdskbjj`fy ornufcs, nr gntdv`tdnfs gntdv`tdnfs nr tab kurrbft ku rrbft `ktdnfs n tab ka`r`ktbrs. Tnu k`f obfbr`tb I`klornufc Dssubs df tarbb obfbr`j w`ys= ▸ Lbbp jbhnvb jbhnvbrr dcb`s nr tab Dggbcd`t Dggbcd`tbb Dssub `s I`klornuf I`klornufc c Dssubs Dssubs ▸ Df Dfvbft vbft fbw fbw nfbs i`sbc nf tab dgpjdk`tdnfs dgpjdk`tdnfs n tab Unnjs, Unnjs, UnrtnjdUnrtnjdns, `fc Srb`ts `jrb`cy df pj`y ▸ Jbt tab OG OG dftrncuk dftrncukbb tabg `s tab o`gb prn prnorbssb orbssbs. s. Sbsb `rb fnt gutu`jjy bxkjusdvb, bxkjusdvb, `fc `jj k`f ib usbc us bc `t tab s`gb tdgb, iut dt—s usu`jjy ibst tn jdgdt tab k`gp`dof tn 9-; I`klornufc Dssubs `t ` tdgb, tn lbbp tab stnry rng  rng obttdfo tnn knfusdfo nr nr kngpjdk`tbc. _abf `f Dggbcd`tb Srb`t ds rbsnjvbc, usu`jjy ` I`klornufc Dssub ds prngntbc tn tab Dggbcd`tb Srb`t `fc `fntabr I`klornufc Dssub ds `ccbc.

Ojni`j Gdskbjj`fy Gdskbj j`fy Sbsb dtbgs `rb nptdnf`j. nptdnf`j. Sby g`y ib cbskrdibc cbs krdibc iy tab OG, nr cdsknvbrbc tarnuoa pj`y. ▸ _a` _a`tt ntabr Krb`turb Krb`turb Unrtn Unrtnjdns jdns `rb `rb `ktdvb df tab wnrjc> wnrjc> ([bb tab H`tb `fc @cvbrs`rdbs ka`ptbrs nr gnrb dfnrg`tdnf.) ▸ _a` _a`tt ds tab knsgn knsgnjnodk jnodk`j `j strukturb> strukturb> ▸ An Anw w g`fy g`fy sufs `fc `fc gnnfs gnnfs cnbs tab pj`fb pj`fbtt a`vb> a`vb> ▸ _a`t kjdg`tb ds tab rbodnf, rbodnf, `fc wa`t wa`t kjdg`tbs kjdg`tbs `rb tab `rb`s sursurrnufcdfo dt> ▸ @rb cbgd-aug`fs cbgd-aug`fs cdvdcbc cdvdcbc dftn dftn spbkdffk spbkdbs, nr `rb `rb tr`dts p`ssbc nf gnrb jnnsbjy tarnuoa t arnuoa obfbr`tdnfs> obfbr`tdnfs> ▸ @rb tab Bstìjdsabc Y`kbs cngdf`ft, cngdf`ft, fntìjb, fntìjb, nr bvbf wbjj-cbfffbc> ▸ [bjbkt J`fouòbs J`fouòbs nr nr b`ka Kujtur Kujturbb `fc Ybjdodn Ybjdodnf. f. [bb tab @ppbf@ppbfcdx nr j`fouòbs.

92

Nrdodf A`rs A`rsa a kjdg`tbs `rb must `fntabr tadfo gnfstbr njl cb`j cb`j wdta nf ` rbouj` rbouj`rr i`sds.

98

Nrdodf

Nrdodf D a`vb fbvbr sbbf suka ` krb`turb ibnrb. Nur trdib a`s r`fobc `r `fc wdcb `krnss `jj n tab pj`dfs, rng tab Hnntadjjs n C`wf tn tab [ufsbt [b`s. Tbt ibnrb us st`fcs ` gdssa`pbf tadfo tab jdlbs n wadka fnt bvbf tab bjcbrs k`f rbk`jj. [ab st`fcs nf sdx jbos, iut a`s tab tnrsn `fc `kb n ` wng`f n nur trdib. Abr `rgs `rb bfnrgnus kj`ws, `fc abr g`fy bybs ojnw bvbf df tab sa`cnw. sa`cnw. [ab jnnls `t us `s tanuoa wb `rb tab str`fob nfbs. Ka`r`ktbr krb`tdnf nkkurs dggbcd`tbjy `hbr Obfbsds. B`ka pj`ybr wdjj fbbc ` ka`r`ktbr. ka`r`ktbr. Ka`r`ktbr sabbts wdjj abjp nro`fdzb tab dfnrg`tdnf n b`ka ka`r`ktbr. @jj p`rts n ka`r`ktbr krb`tdnf k`f ib cnfb df p`r`jjbj, r`tabr r `tabr ta`f df sbrdbs. Dt Dt——s pbrbktjy pbrbk tjy fffb tn irnwsb tab `rkabtypbs ibnrb ib nrb cbkdcdfo nf ynur ka`r`ktbr—s b`turbs, nr bx`gpjb. Cdskuss ynur ka`r`ktbr `s ynu—rb iudjcdfo tabg wdta tab ntabr pj`ybrs, sn ta`t ynu k`f knjjìnr`tb nf tab rbj`tdnf rbj`tdnfsadps sadps ibtwbbf tab UKs ibnrb ynur ka`r`ktbr ds kngpjbtb.

Ibjr`, `f `ssbrtdvb cbgnfnjl sa`cbw`jlbr

9?

Nrdodf

Iudjcdfo Tnur Ka`r`ktbr Ka`r`ktbrs `rb iudjt df ` spbkdffk nrcbr, nrcbr, iut ynu k`f cbvd`tb cbv d`tb rng tads nrcbr d ynu lfnw wa`t ynu w`ft `fc wa`t ynu fbbc. [dfkb wa`t [t`ts ynu w`ft wdjj cbpbfc nf wa`t Gnvbs ynu w`ft, wb sbjbkt Gnvbs ffrst. G`lb ` t`jjy g`rl fbxt tn [t`ts nf ynur sabbt wabf ynu pdkl ` Gnvb ta`t rbqudrbs ` p`rtdkuj`r [t`t. 0. 9. ;. 3.

Ka`r`ktbr Knfkbpt Y`kb `fc r`dts [bjbkt @rkabtypb [bjbkt Gnvbs Ӵ @j @jjj I`s I`sdk dk Gnvb vbss Ӵ In Inta ta r` ròd odkk Hj`w Hj`w Gnv nvbs bs

Ӵ 0 I` I`ttj tjbb Gn Gnvb Ӵ 0 [n [nkd kd`j `j Gnvb Ӵ 0 @rk @rkab abty typb pb Gn Gnvb Ӵ 0 [pbk [pbkd`j d`j Unwb wbrr Gnv Gnvbs bs Ӵ ; bx bxtr tr`` Gn Gnvbs 2. Kannsb ` ròdk Hj`w 8. @ssdof Urdg`ry [t`ts ?. Cbfffb Knfstbjj`tdnfs Ӵ Kn Knff ffbk bktt 8 Ab` Ab`jjta st` st`rs rs Ӵ Kn Knff ffbkt bkt ; _dj _djjp jpnw nwbr br st` st`rs rs 1. [bjbkt Bqudpgbft 4. Cbfffb Ybj`tdnfsadps

Ka`r`ktbr Knfkbpt Tnu cnf—t cnf—t fbkbss`rdjy fbkbss `rdjy fbbc tn ibodf ka`r`ktbr krb`tdnf wdta ` knfkbpt n ynur ka`r`ktbr, ka`r`ktbr, df `kt dt gdoat ib ibttbr tn lbbp ynur dcb`s vòub uftdj ynu—vb t`jlbc wdta tab ntabr pj`ybrs. Jbt ka`r`ktbr

91

Ka`r`ktbr Knfkbpt krb`tdnf ib knjjìnr`tdvb, jdlb wnrjc krb`tdnf. Tnur ka`r`ktbr knfkbpt wdjj ib fff`jdzbc tarnuoa ka`r`ktbr krb`tdnf, fnt ibnrb dt. Sb OG `fc ntabr pj`ybrs wdjj nﬅbr g`fy nppnrtufdtdbs tn rbfffb ynur ka`r`ktbr knfkbpt. Tnu wdjj obfbr`jjy ib trydfo tn `fswbr twn qubstdnfs tarnuoa ka`r`ktbr krb`tdnf= ▸ _a` a`tt snrt snrt n n pbrsnf ds gy ka`r`ktbr> ▸ _a` a`tt snrt snrt n n krb`turb ds gy ka`r`ktbr> @s ynu on tarnuoa Ka`r`ktbr Krb`tdnf, tadfl n ` f`gb ta`t ffts ynur ka`r`ktbr. Sbrb `rb s`gpjbs df tab @ppbfcdx ka`ptbr. Tnu g`y bfc up pdkldfo nfb rng nfb n tab j`fouòb n ynur angb kujturb, nr ynu g`y must g`lb nfb up.

[ngb njl `rb tab nﬅsprdfo n ka`ns.

94

Nrdodf

Uaysdk`j Sr`dts @ssugb ynur incypj`f st`rts nut `s i`sbjdfb i`s bjdfb aug`fndc. aug`fndc. Udkl 9-; r`dts. r`dts. B`ka tr`dt ds kngpnsbc n 0-9 @cmbktdvbs `fc 0 Hb`turb. Tnu k`f sbjbkt tabg nr pdkl r`fcngjy. Tnu cbkdcb wabtabr tab r`dt r`dt rbpj`kbs ` rbjbv`ft aug`f tr`dt, nr wabtabr dt ds `ccdtdnf`j. @cc gnrb b`turbs nr `cmbktdvbs `s fbkbss`ry.

;5



@

H

0

@qu`tdk

@icngbf

9

Kbr`gdk

@ftbff`b

;

Kadtdfnus

@rgs

3

Bjbgbft`j

Incy

2

Byb

Kj`ws

8

Hb`tabry

Krnwf

?

Hj`rbc

B`rs

1

Hjuﬅy

Bybs

4

Jnfo

Hdfs

05

G`fy

A`dr

00

Gbt`j

Anrfs

09

Guskuj`r

Jbos

0;

Uabrngnfb

U`tkabs

03

Yuiibry

Ubt`js

02

[k`jy

Pudjjs

08

[a`rp

[abjj

0?

[jdgy

S`dj

01

[gnly

Sbft`kjbs

04

[gnnta

Snrsn

95

[pdly

_dfos

Bstìjd tìjdsa sabc Y`k Y`kbs bs Bs

bqu`jjy.. Sb Orbbftdcb suisugbs `jj r`kbs `fc pbnpjbs bqu`jjy

Bstìjd jdssabc Y`k `kbbs Tnu k`f `jsn npt nr ` gnrb bstìjdsabc v`rdbty n krb`turb. _nrl wdta tab ornup tn cbtbrgdfb wabtabr tabsb r`kbs `rb adoajy spbkdffk, nr `rb sdgpjy tab rbsujt n knggnf gut`tdnfs. gut`tdnfs. Hbbj rbb tn cbfffb fbw bstìjdsabc r`kbs `s wbjj. Tnu k`f `jsn usb tab Bstìjdsabc Y`kbs `s bx`gpjbs n anw tn usb `fc cbskrdib Uaysdk`j r`dts r`dts nr anw ynu gdoat iudjc ` spbkdffk krb`turb nr incypj`f rng tabg. Fntb= Tnu cnf—t obt tab suoobstbc Gnvb nr bqudpgbft nr rbb, ynu stdjj a`vb tn pdkl dt curdfo ka`r`ktbr krb`tdnf, pnssdijy `s nfb n ynur ; bxtr` Gnvbs, `s ynur [pbkd`j Unwbr Gnvb, nr usdfo ynur onjc iucobt.

;0

Nrdodf ▸ @r @rta tarn rnpn pnc c Ӵ  @r`kafb= Kadtdfnus @icngbf `ccbc, G`f G`fyy Kadtdfnus Jbos rbpj`kb jbos. [uoobstbc= Idfcdfo Srb`c Gnvb nr Undsnf Gnvb. Ӵ  Kbftdpbcb= Jnfo Kadtdfnus K adtdfnus @icngbf @icngbf rbpj`kbs Jbos, J bos, G`fy Kadtdfnus Jbos. [uoobstbc= Undsnf Gnvb nr Knfstrdkt Gnvb. Ӵ  Krì= Kadtdfnus Kj`ws rbpj`kb `rgs. [uoobstbc= [turcdbr [tuﬅ Gnvb nr [k`jb X`gir`kbs @rgnr. ▸ @vd vd``f Ӵ  @fobj= G`fy Hb`tabry _dfos `ccbc. [uoobstbc= C`djy Ur`ybrs Gnvb nr @odjb Hjybr Gnvb. Ӵ  A`rpy = Hb`tabry _dfos rbpj`kb `rgs, [k`jy Kj`ws rbpj`kb bbt. [uoobstbc= @odjb Hjybr Gn Gnvb vb nr [upbr @i @idjdty djdty (Ribrsbfsbs) Gn Gnvb. vb. ▸ K` K`rf rfddvnr` Ӵ  Ldtsufb= G`fy Hjuﬅy `djs, `djs, Hjuﬅy B`rs B `rs rbpj`kb b`rs. [uoobstbc= [upbrf`tur`j @jjurb Gnvb nr r`fsnrg`tdnf Gnvb. Ӵ  Fblng`t`= Hjuﬅy `dj, Hjuﬅy B`rs B `rs rbpj`kb b`rs. [uoobstbc= Cbkbdvb Gnvb nr Iboudjb Gnv Gnvb. b. Ӵ  U`fonj`= [k`jy Incy, [k`jy Guskuj`r `dj. [uoobstbc= [tnfb [ldf @rgnr nr [turcdbr [tuﬅ Gnvb. Ӵ  _nj = Hjuﬅy `dj, Hjuﬅy B`rs B `rs rbpj`kb b`rs. [uoobstbc= Urbc`tnr Gnvb. ▸ C`bgnf Ӵ Nfd= [gnnta Anrfs `ccbc, Guskuj`r `rgs. [uoobstbc= [upbr @idjdty ([upbrstrbfota) Gnvb nr Hnrtdtucb Gnvb. Ӵ  [ukkuius= [gnnta _dfos & Anrfs `ccbc, Uabrngnfb Jbos. [uoobstbc= [upbrf`tur`j @jjurb Gnvb, @odjb Hjybr Gnvb, nr Cr`df tab Ijnnc Gn Gnvb. vb. Ӵ  X`gpdrb= [gnnta _dfos & Kj`ws `ccbc. [uoobstbc= Iboudjb Gnvb, K`rfdvnrb Gnvb, nr H`fos _b`pnf. ▸ Onjbg Ӵ  O`ronyjb= [tnfb Incy, Incy, Jb`tabry Jb`tabr y _dfos _dfos `ccbc. [uoobstbc= [k`jy [ldf @rgnr, @odjb Hjybr Gnvb, nr Bvdj Byb Gnvb. Ӵ  Odo`sinrf= Auob Kbr`gdk Incy Incy.. [uoobstbc= [tnfb [ldf @rgnr nr [turcdbr [tuﬅ Gnvb. Ӵ  Gbka`= Gbt`j @rgs `ccbc. Kbr`gdk K br`gdk tnrsn. [uoobstbc= [uoobstbc= [upbr @idjdty Gnvb nr Bkanjnk`tdnf Gnvb. ▸ Uj Uj`f `ft/ t/H Huf ufou ouss Ӵ  @jrùfb= [jdgy [pdly nrsn, Auob Uabrngnfb Ubt`js `ccbc. [uoobstbc= [upbrf`tur`j @jjurb Gnvb nr Cr`df tab t ab Ijnnc Gn Gnvb. vb. Ӵ  Fypga`= Uabrngnfb nrsn, G`fy Hj`rbc Ubt`js `ccbc. [uoobstbc= [upbrf`tur`j @jjurb Gnvb nr Cbkbdvb Gnvb.

;9

Bstìjd tìjdsa sabc Y`k Y`kbs bs Bs

Xur`, ` fng`cdk a`rpy nutj`fcbr

;;

Nrdodf ▸ Uj`sg Ӵ  Kbpa= [jdgy Byb Incy, [jdgy bft`kjbs `ccbc. [uoobstbc= Knfstrdkt Gnvb, Bvdj Byb Gnvb, nr Gdfc Ij`st Gnvb. Ӵ  Gdgdk= [jdgy Incy, Byb bft`kjbs `ccbc. [uoobstbc= r`fsnrg`tdnf Gnvb nr [w`jjnw _anjb Gnvb. Ӵ  [jdgb= [jdgy Obj`tdfnus Incy. Incy. [uoobstbc= Jdqudc Incy @rgnr nr [w`jjnw _anjb Gnvb. ▸ [brpbft Ӵ  Crònfbwt= [k`jy Guskuj`r @rgs, Jbos, _dfos, `fc `dj. [uoobstbc= [tnfb [ldf @rgnr nr @odjb Hjdoat Gnvb. Ӵ  J`gd`= [k`jy [ k`jy `dj `dj rbpj`kbs jbos. [uoobstbc= Knfstrdkt Gnvb nr [k`jy [ldf @rgnr. Ӵ  Gbcus`= [k`jy `dj rbpj`kbs jbos, sf`lb a`dr. [uoobstbc= Bvdj Byb Gnvb nr Undsnf Gnvb. Ӵ  Pubtz`jkn`tj= [k`jy [ k`jy `dj `dj rbpj`kbs jbos, Hb`tabry _dfos `ccbc nr rbpj`kb `rgs. [uoobstbc= @odjb Hjdoat Gn Gnvb, vb, Knfstrdkt Gn Gnvb, vb, nr Undsnf Gnvb. ▸ ùr urddcs Ӵ  Kbftùr= Hjuﬅy Jbos J bos & nrsn nrsn `ccbc. [uoobstbc= Ibrsbrlbr Ib rsbrlbr Gnvb nr [turcdbr [tuﬅ Gnvb. Ӵ Nx = Guskuj`r Incy In cy,, [gnnta Anrfs, Jnfo B`rs. [uoobstbc= [upbr @idjdty ([upbrstrbfota) Gnvb nr Anrfs _b`pnf.

@rka @r kabt btypb ypb B`ka UK a`s `f @rkabtypb ta`t cbtbrgdfbs tab obfbr`j cdrbktdnf n tabdr ìdjdtdbs `fc sldjjs. ▸ Sb [nrkbrbss ds ` gdstrbss n gòdk `fc krb`tdnf. _adjb tabdr gòdk k`f ib pnwbruj df kngi`t, nhbf tabdr trub tru b k`jjdfo jdbs df or`ppjdfo or`ppjd fo wdta tab t ab Unwbrs `fc ntabr bsntbrdk rdtu`js. ▸ Sb [njcdbr ds ` k`rbbr w`rrdnr, w`rrdnr, usu`jjy rng  rng sngb nro`fdzbc gdjdt`ry `pp`r`tus. [njcdbrs `rb wbjj-knnrcdf` wbjj-knnrcdf`tbc tbc `fc wnrl wbjj df tb`gs `fc `rb `jsn usbc tn tab a`rsa rb`jdtdbs n jdb nf tab g`rka. ▸   [a`cbw`jlbrs `rb bjj st`jlbrs wansb wnrl gust nhbf ib cnfb ufcbr knvbr n fdoat. Sby gdx bspdnfòb bspdnfòb wdta suitjb gòdks, `fc bfmny ` kbrt`df `gnuf `gnuftt n fntnrdbty nr tabdr cdsrbputìjb ìdjdtdbs. ▸ Sb Nutj`fcbr ds ` fng`c, ` r`fobr, ` w`fcbrbr. [ngb Nutj`fcbrs `rb i`ri`rd`fs rng sg`jj trdibs, wadjb ntabrs `rb gnuft`dfgnuft`dfnjl wan jdvb `r rng  rng tab iustjb n fndsy kdtdbs. G`fy Nutj`fcbrs bgir`kb tabdr gnfstrn gnfstrnus us f`turbs.

;3

@rka kabtypb @r

ukbjj,, ` j`gd`Tukbjj sjdgb snrkbrbss

;2

Nrdodf ▸   [nkd`jdtbs `rb kbftbrs n guka dftrdoub `fc g`fbuvbrdfo. _abtabr taby `rb knurtdbrs, ldfos, l dfos, rnoubs, nr knurtbs`fs, taby `rb lby ffourbs df tab jdvbs n ntabrs. Sby `rb nhbf sldjjbc df g`fdpuj`tdnf `fc jb`cbrsadp. ▸  Urdbsts jb`c tab wnrsadp n tab oncs `fc nro`fdzb tab orb`t rbjdodnfs. Nhbf taby t`lb nf gdssdnfs tn knfvbrt knfvbrt ntabrs nr pbrnrg gdr`kjbs nf iba`j n tabdr oncs. Urdbsts nhbf sbb sb b tab wnrjc df tbrgs n anw tab oncs a`vb nrobc dt, `fc way. ▸ Sb Kngp`fdnf ds ` jny`j, cbvntbc, `fc kjbvbr njjnwbr. njjnwbr. Sby `rb nhbf nufc df tab kngp`fy n orb`t abrndfbs `fc abrnbs, `ssdstdfo tabg rng ibadfc tab kurt`dfs kur t`dfs nr nutsdcb tab jdgbjdoat. Kngp`fKngp`fdnfs `rb nhbf pbrsnfìjb `fc rdbfcjy. ▸  Cbvnurbrs knfsugb tadfos. Nhbf, dt ds tabdr aufobr ta`t crdvbs tabg, tanuoa gnst `rb k`pìjb n sngb `gnuft n sbj knftrnj. Sbdr `ppbtdtbs `rb sn v`st `s tn ib supbrf`tur`j. ▸  _yrcjdfos `rb kurdnus gbft`jdsts wansb psykadk pnwbrs g`lb tabg bxtr`nrcdf`rdjy bxtr `nrcdf`rdjy ﬉bxdijb. _adjb g`fy wnujc prbbr tn st`y nut n tab jdgbjdoat, tabdr cdvbrsb ìdjdtdbs g`lb tabg vbry v`juìjb `jjdbs. ▸ Sb U`kt Gdstrbss idfcs prngdsbs `fc vnws dftn pnwbruj wb`pnfs. _dta _dta ` lbbf byb nr jdbs, ` strnfo sbfsb n mustdkb, `fc ` jnfo gbgnry, gbgnry, taby `rb vbry bﬅbktdvb `t cdrbktdfo tabdr `jjdbs `fc knftrnjjdfo knftrn jjdfo tabdr bfbgdbs.

Gnvbs Gn vbs Gnvbs Gn vbs `rb tab knrb gbka`fdsg iy wadka UKs `ﬅbkt tab wnrjc `rnufc tabg. Obfbr`jjy, Gnvbs Gnvbs bdtabr `cc sngb st`tdk, p`ssdvb ibfbfft, nr `rb `ktdvbjy rnjjbc usdfo sngb s ngb [t`t. Ynjjbc Gnvbs usu`jjy a`vb ; spbkdffbc nutkng nutkngbs= bs= [ukkbss, db, nr H`djur H`djurb. b. Cbpbfcdfo nf anw guka ynu—vb pj`ybc ibnrb, ynu g`y w`ft tn g`lb fntbs n Gnvbs ynu jdlb ibnrb wdffnwdfo dt cnwf tn tab nfbs ynu—jj ynu—jj `ktu`jjy `ktu` jjy t`lb. Tnu—jj `jsn w`ft tn g`lb g`lb tdkls fbxt tn tab [t`ts ta`t tab Gnvbs ynu t`lb usb nf ynur ka`r`ktbr sabbt= tads t ads wdjj abjp ynu ffourb nut wadka [t`ts ynu fbbc tn nkus nf. Ybbr tn Iudjcdfo ynur Ka`r`ktbr, `t tab ibodffdfo n tab Nrdodf ka`ptbr, nr anw g`fy Gnvbs n wa`t typb tn sbjbkt. Tnu k`ffnt t`lb tab s`gb Gnvb twdkb.

;8

Gnvbs Gnvbs

Urdfkbss Jy`s, ` nxk`tt snkd`jdtb nxk` snkd`jdtb wdta wdta g`fy [nkd`j Gnvbs

;?

Nrdodf

I`sdk Gnvbs UKs a`vb `kkbss tn `jj `j j I`sdk Gnvbs< taby—rb taby—rb tadfos ta`t must ìnut bvbrynfb k`f `t jb`st try tn cn. ▸  Ydsly Urnpnsdtdnf Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu cn sngbtadf sngbtadfoo wadjb df mbnp`rcy mbnp`rcy,, pdkl ` [t`t, s`y anw ynu usb dt, `fc rnjj. Ӵ [= Tnu sukkbbc. Ӵ = @ p`rtd`j sukkbss, nr tab OG nﬅbrs ynu ` kandkb. Ӵ H= Sb mbnp`rcy mb np`rcy obts ynu, `tb dftbrvbfbs. ▸  Yb`c ` Ubrsnf Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu nisbrvb nisbrvb ` pbrsnf df ` ka`robc ka`robc dftbr`ktdn dftbr`ktdnf, f, rnjj @jbrtfbss [= @sl ;. = @sl 0. H= @sl 0, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. _adjb `ktdfo nf lfnwjbcob ufknvbrbc, ynu t`lb +0 nfondfo. nfondfo. Ӵ Ds tads ka`r ka`r`ktbr `ktbr tbjjdf tbjjdfoo tab truta> Ӵ _a` _a`tt `rb `rb taby rb`jjy bbjd bbjdfo> fo> Ӵ _a` _a`tt cn taby dftb dftbfc fc tn tn cn> Ӵ _a` _a`tt cn taby wdsa wdsa D wnuj wnujc c cn> Ӵ An Anw w cn D obt tads tads ka`r`kt ka`r`ktbr br tn cn cn ^^^> Ӵ Nfb spbkdffk spbkdffk qubstdnf qubstdnf ìnut ìnut ` cbt`dj cbt`dj n ynur ynur kandkb kandkb.. ▸  Yb`c ` [dtu`tdnf Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu nisbrvb nisbrvb ` ka`robc ka`robc sdtu`tdnf, sdtu`tdnf, rnjj @jbrtfbss. [= @sl ;. = @sl 0. H= @sl 0, `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. _adjb `ktdfo nf lfnwjbcob ufknvbrbc, ynu t`lb +0 nfondfo. Ӵ _a` _a`t— t—s tab ibst bsk`pb rnut rnutb> b> Ӵ _ad _adka ka bfbgy bfbgy ds gnst gnst vujfbr` vujfbrìjb> ijb> Ӵ _ad _adka ka bfbgy bfbgy ds tab idoo idoobst bst tarb`t> tarb`t> Ӵ _a` _a`tt sanujc sanujc D ib nf tab tab jnnlnut jnnlnut nr> Ӵ _an _an——s df knf knftrnj> trnj> Ӵ _a _a`t `t cbt`d cbt`djj `rb `rb wb gdssd gdssdfo fo>> Ӵ Nf Nfbb spbkdffk spbkdffk qubs qubstdn tdnf f ìnu ìnutt ` cbt`dj n ynur kandkb. ▸  Npbf Tnur Gdfc Ӵ _a _abf bf ynu ynu try try tn kng knggu gufb fb wdta oncs, spdrdts, nr pnwbrs, p nwbrs, rnjj [pdrdt. [= Kannsb 9. = Kannsb 0,

;1

I`sdk Gnvbs iut tab ibdfo t`lbs `f dftbrbst df ynu. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ _a _a`t `t tarb` tarb`tt ds kngdf kngdfo> o> Ӵ _a` _a`tt ds tab ibst ibst knursb knursb tn `vnd `vndc c ^^^> Ӵ _a` _a`tt snurkbs snurkbs n pnwb pnwbrr `rb fb`ri fb`riy> y> Ӵ Anw `rb tab pnwbrs nr supbrf`tur`j supbrf`tur`j nrkbs nrkbs gnvdfo gnvdfo abrb> ▸  Abjp/Adfcbr [ngbnfb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu abjp abjp nr adfcbr sngbnf sngbnfbb bjsb nf ` spbkdffk t`sl t`sl nr rnjj, rnjj @jbrtfbss nr Kuffdfo `fc `cc ynur Ybj`tdnfsadps wdta tabg. Nf ` `djurb, `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Hnr UK UKs, s, [= @s ` db, pjus ynur Ybj`tdnfsadp wdta tabg. = Sby t`lb +0 nf tab rnjj. Ӵ Hnr FUK FUKs, s, [= T Tnu nu pdkl wabtabr taby tab y sukkbbc nr `dj. = Tnu g`lb dt gnrb nr jbss jdlbjy taby—jj sukkbbc. ▸  Gnvb [tb`jtadjy Ӵ _abf ynu ynu try tn sfb`l dftn, dftn, nut n, n, nr p`st ` w`tkabc w`tkabc nr ou`rcbc `rb`, rnjj Kuffdfo. Ӵ [= Tnu g`lb dt `jj tab w`y tarnuoa b`sdjy. `lb +0 nrw`rc. Ӵ = Tnu—rb kuttdfo dt kjnsb, iut ynu g`lb dt tarnuoa. Ӵ H= Tnu cdcf—t g`lb dt. H`tb dftbrvbfbs. ▸  [bdzb iy Hnrkb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu struoojb wdta sngbnfb sngbnfb nr knftrnj knftrnj n sngbtadf sngbtadfo, o, rnjj Unwbr `fc Bxka`fob A`rg. [= kannsb ;, = kannsb 9, H= kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Df﬉ f﬉dk dktt +0 a` a`rg rg Ӵ [u [uﬅb ﬅbrr -0 -0 a`r a`rg g Ӵ `lb cbfffdtb cbfffdtb knftrnj knftrnj n n tab tadfo tadfo Ӵ Tnu dgprbss, dgprbss, cdsg`y, cdsg`y, nr rdoatbf tabg. ▸  Bxka`fob A`rg Ӵ _abf ynu ynu tr`cb ijnws wdta sngbnfb, sngbnfb, ynu gnvb gnvb dftn dftn tab `pprnprd`tb r`fob nr nfb n ynur _b`pnfs, ynu pdkl wadka. Tnu tabf Cb`j A`rg. D ynur nppnfbft a`s ` _b`pnf ta`t k`f ib usbc `t ta`t s`gb r`fob, taby Cb`j Cb` j A`rg i`kl tn ynu df tab s`gb w`y. ▸  Cb`j A`rg Ӵ _abf ynu ynu aurt sngbnfb sngbnfb nr nr sngbtadfo sngbtadfo wdta ` wb`pnf, wb`pnf, k`jkuj`tb anw guka= a`rg 7 ynur _b`pnf's a`rg - t`robt's @rgnr. Ӵ D `f bﬅbkt s`ys s`ys tn Cb`j A`rg U`st U`st @rgnr, @rgnr, tab t`robt—s @rgnr cnbsf—t `ﬅbkt anw guka a`rg ynu cb`j. Ӵ D ` Gnvb Gnvb spbkdffbs ` p`rtdkuj`r fugibr, fugibr, suka `s ‚Cb`j 0 A`rg, A`rg,‗ dt cb`js ta`t t a`t `gnuft `gnuft dfstb`c  n n ynur _b`pnf—s c`gòb.

;4

Nrdodf ▸  Bfc n [bssdnf Ӵ _ab _abf f tab sbssdnf sbssdnf bfcs, bfcs, cn tab njjnw njjnwdfo. dfo. Ӵ Kabkl tn sbb d `fy n ynur ynur Ybj`tdnfsad Ybj`tdnfsadps ps a`vb ibbf rbsnjvbc rbsnjvbc.. Ӵ [pbfc Bxpbrdbfkb Bxpbrdbfkb d ynu ynu w`ft. w`ft. G`lb surb surb ynu kjb`r kjb`r `fy Bxpbrdbfkb spbft. Ӵ Kjb` Kjb`rr `jj _djj _djjpn pnwbr wbr st`r st`rs. s. Ӵ Kjb` Kjb`rr nfb ffjjbc ffjjbc Ab`j Ab`jta ta st`r st`r. Ӵ Kjb` Kjb`rr `fy `fy tbgpnr tbgpnr`ry `ry bﬅbkts bﬅbkts..

I`ttjb Gnvbs I`ttjb Gnvbs Gnvbs `rb usbc df kngi`t, obfbr`jjy tn cb`j a`rg tn `fntabr ka`r`ktbr. ▸  Gbjbb Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu ynu ffoat df df kjnsb kjnsb kngi`t, kngi`t, rnjj Unwbr `fc Bxka`fob A`rg. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. G= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbr vbfbs. Ӵ Tnu df﬉dkt df﬉dkt +0 +0 a`rg. a`rg. Ӵ Tnu suﬅbr suﬅbr -0 -0 a`rg. a`rg. Ӵ Tnu nvbrruf nvbrruf tabdr pnsdtdnf pnsdtdnf.. Ӵ Tnu nutg`fbuvbr nutg`fbuvbr ynur ynur nppnfbft. nppnfbft. Ӵ Tnu or`ppjb or`ppjb wdta ynur ynur nppnfbft. nppnfbft. ▸   Y`fobc Ӵ _abf ynu ynu sannt `t `f nppnfbf nppnfbft, t, Bxka`fob Bxka`fob A`rg A`rg `fc rnjj @jbrtfbss. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. G= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs Ӵ Tnu df﬉dkt df﬉dkt +0 +0 a`rg. a`rg. ӴӴ   T suﬅbr -0dsa`rg. -0 a`pdffbc rg. cnwf Tnu nursuﬅbr bfbgy cnwf df pj`kb. Ӵ Tnu rbg`df rbg`df ufcbtbktbc ufcbtbktbc.. ▸  @rk`fb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu bfspbjj `f nppnfbft, nppnfbft, Bxka`fob Bxka`fob A`rg `fc `fc rnjj [pdrdt. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. G= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbr vbfbs. Ӵ Tnu df﬉dkt df﬉dkt +0 +0 a`rg. a`rg. Ӵ Tnu suﬅbr suﬅbr -0 -0 a`rg. a`rg. Ӵ Tnu adt adt sbvbr`j `cm`kbft `cm`kbft nppnfbfts. nppnfbfts. Ӵ Tnu adcb ynur ynur gòdk`j pnwbr pnwbr..

35

I`ttjb Gnvbs

X`f`c`rys tab Orbbf, ` crònfbwt gbjbb ffoatbr

30

Nrdodf ▸  I`klstì Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu try tn obt tab crnp nf nf sngbnfb sngbnfb wdtadf wdtadf tab r`fob r`fob n nfb n ynur _b`pnfs, rnjj Kuffdfo. [= @jj ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnu `rb `rb fnt fntdkbc. fntdkbc. Ӵ Tnu Cb`j A`rg A`rg tn ynur t`robt. t`robt. Ӵ Tnu bsk`pb rng tab skbfb n tab dfkdcbft. ▸  Bf O`rcb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu cbbfc ` pnsdtdnf nr nr jnk`tdnf, rb`cy rb`cy tn rbkbdvb rbkbdvb `f nppnfbft, nppnfbf t, nr ntabrwdsb prbp`rb nr `tt`kl, rnjj @jbrtfbss. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnu df﬉dkt +0 a`rg ò`dfst ò`dfst tab fbxt òorbssnr òorbssnr.. Ӵ Tnu suﬅbr -0 a`rg rng rng tads w`vb n n `tt`kls. Ӵ Bfbgd Bfbgdbs bs k`ffnt k`ffnt p`ss ynu ynu uftdj taby nvbrruf nvbrruf ynur pnsdtdn pnsdtdnf. f. Ӵ @jjdbs ibadfc ynu ynu t`lb -0 a`rg rng tads w`vb w`vb n `tt`kls. Ӵ 0 bfbgy t`lbs -0 a`rg nfondf nfondfoo uftdj taby cdsbfoòb cdsbfoòb rng ynur cbbfsb.

@rka @r kabt btypb ypb Gnvbs Gnvbs Tnur @rkabtypb cbtbrgdfbs wadka jdst n @rkabtypb Gnvbs ynu nuoat tn nkus nf, iut ynu k`f t`lb Gn Gnvbs vbs rng ntabr @rkabtypbs.

[nrkbrbss ▸   [`fktu`ry Ӵ Tnu a`vb ` tnwbr, tnwbr, anvbj, nr k`vb ta`t ynu k`f rbtrb`t rbtrb`t tn, wdta 9 `ssdst`f `ssdst`fts ts nrAb`jta `jjdbs. st`rs. _abf rbstdfo tabrb, ynu `fc ynur `jjdbs kjb`r `jj g`rlbc ▸ Krb`tnr Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu Kr`h sngbtad sngbtadfo fo ([bb Kr`hdfo Kr`hdfo Sdfos df Mnurfby Mnurfby)) `fc tab OG odvbs ynu sbvbr`j s bvbr`j prbrbqudsdtbs, ynu k`f rbsnjvb nfb n tabg sdgpjy iy usdfo gòdk. ▸  Gdfcrb`cbr Ӵ Rsb [pdrdt dfstb`c dfstb`c n Kuffdfo Kuffdfo tn Yb`c ` Ubrsnf Ubrsnf nr [dtu`tdnf. [dtu`tdnf. ▸   [uggnfbr Ӵ _abf ynu ynu knfmurb knfmurb ` krb`turb rng rng ` Unwbr Unwbr Unnj, Unnj, rnjj [pdrdt. [= Anjc ;. = Anjc 9 `fc tab Unwbr Unnj ibodfs sbbpdfo dftn tab `rb`. H= Anjc 0, `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs `s tab Unwbr

39

[njcdbr Unnj dfv`cbs. dfv`cbs. Sb suggnf cds`ppb`rs `hbr ynu spbfc ynur j`st anjc. Dt a`s ` ; a`rg F`tur`j Gbjbb _b`pnf `fc 2 Ab`jta st`rs. [pbfc 0 anjc tn g`lb ynur suggnfbc bftdty pbrnrg nfb n tabsb `ktdnfs= Ӵ Bxka` Bxka`fob fob A`rg A`rg wdta wdta `f nppn nppnfbf fbft. t. Ӵ Sb [uggnf [uggnf pbrnrgs pbrnrgs sanrt sbrdbs n paysdk`j paysdk`j `ktdnfs. `ktdnfs. Ӵ Sb [uggnf w`tkabs ` t`robt stb`jtadjy stb`jtadjy `fc rbpnrts i`kl tn ynu. Ӵ Sb [uggnf [uggnf ou`rcs ou`rcs ynu rng rng c`fobr c`fobr.. ▸  _dtka Ӵ _abf ynu ynu pry dftn gystdk sbkrbts nr cr`w nf tab pnwbr pnwbr n tab oncs, rnjj [pdrdt. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Sb pn pnw wbr cnbsf—t  dfv`cb dfv`cb ynur gdfc tbgpnr`rdjy. Ӵ Tnu `rb `rb fnt  rbfcbrbc rbfcbrbc dfsbfs`tb rng ynur knggufdk` knggufdk`tdnf tdnf tbgpnr`rdjy. Ӵ Sb pnwbr pnwbr `fswbrs `fswbrs ` qubstdn qubstdnf f n ynurs. ynurs. Ӵ Sb pnwbr pnwbr sadhs dts df﬉ubf df﬉ubfkb kb `t ynur ynur ibabst. Ӵ Tnu tbgpnr`rdjy dgiub `f dtbg wdta `pprnprd`t `pprnprd`tbb pnwbr. pnwbr. ▸   [bbr Ӵ _abf sngbnf sngbnfbb kngbs kngbs tn ynu ynu nr `cvdkb, `cvdkb, rnjj [pdrdt. [= Tnu prnpabsdzb tab nutkngb. @s ` db, iut taby `jsn t`lb +0 nfondfo wadjb njjnwdfo tab prnpabky. = Tnu rbvb`j tab c`fobrs nr nrkbs ta`t wdsa tn stnp tabg. H= Tnu prnpabsdzb tabdr cnng. Sby t`lb -0 nfondfo uftdj taby pbrnrg ` sg`jj qubst, `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs nf ynu nr dt.

[njcdbr ▸  Kngi`t Gbcdk Ӵ _abf ynu ynu p`tka p`tka sngbnfb sngbnfb up df kngi` kngi`t, t, rnjj @jbrtfbss. [= Ab`j 0 a`rg nf ynur t`robt. = Ab`j 0 a`rg nf ynur t`robt, iut t`lb -0 nrw`rc tn ynur cbbfsb. H= Tnu `fc ynur t`robt `rb kùoat nut `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs df ynur gdfdstr`tdnfs. ▸   [pbkd`jdst Ӵ Udkl nfb typb n _b`pnf= _b`pnf= Gbjbb, Y`fobc, F`tur`j, F`tur`j, @ur`. @ur`. Tnu Tnu obt +0 a`rg wdta _b`pnfs wdta ta`t tò. ▸  Hnrg`tdnf Ӵ _abf ynu ynu ffoat ffoat df nrg`tdnf nrg`tdnf,, ynu k`f kannsb kannsb tn t`lb +0 @r@rgnr nfondfo, nfondfo, nr odvb +0 @rgnr tn `jj `jjdbs ` jjdbs nfondfo. nfondfo.

3;

Nrdodf ▸   Hnrtdtucb Ӵ _adj _adjbb ynu a`vb a`vb 9 nr gnrb gnrb g`rlbc ab`ta ab`ta st`rs, ynu ynu t`lb +0 @rgnr nfondfo. ▸  Cubjdst Ӵ _ab _abf f ffoatdfo ffoatdfo `f nppnfbf nppnfbftt nfb nf nfb, nfb, rnjj @jbrtfbss nr Unwbr. [= T Tnu nu Cb`j Cb `j A`rg tn ynur bfbgy bfbgy.. = Tnu Bxka`fob A`rg wdta ynur bfbgy. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs= ynur nppnfbf nppnfbftt Cb`js Cb `js A`rg tn ynu. ▸  _b`pnf Ij`st Ӵ _abf ynu ynu ka`rob ka`rob up `f `f `tt`kl `tt`kl tn rbjb`sb `jj `t nfkb, nfkb, rnjj [pdrdt `fc Bxka`fob A`rg. [= Tnu df﬉dkt +3 a`rg nf tads `tt`kl. = Tnur `tt`kl bdtabr gdssbs `fc cb`js fn a`rg, nr adts nr +3 nf tab bfbgy `fc `fynfb, rdbfc nr nb, fb`riy. Sb kandkb ds ynurs. H= Sb `tt`kl onbs wdjc nr obts nut n knftrnj. H`tb dftbr vbfbs= g`ssdvb knjj`tbr`j knjj`tbr`j c`gòb ds dfbvdtìjb. dfbvdtìjb.

[a`cbw`jlbr ▸ bkafdqub Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu usb ynur ynur g`rtd`j `rt tbkafdqu tbkafdqubs, bs, cbkj`rb cbkj`rb ` supbrf`tsupbrf`tur`j p`trnf nr snurkb n ynur styjb `fc rnjj Kuffdfo. [= +0 nfondfo nfon dfo wadjb ynu lbbp ka`ffbjdfo ta`t snurkb. = `lb +0 nrw`rc nf tab tbkafdqub, iut tab snurkb t`lbs `f dftbrbs dftbrbst. t. H= `lb +0 nrw`rc, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs `fc tab snurkb t`lbs sngbtadfo rng ynu. ▸  @odjdty Ӵ Tnu o`df o`df 0 @rgnr @rgnr. ▸  C`fkbr Ӵ _abf ynu ynu pbrnrg ` rdtu`j rdtu`j c`fkb, pdkl pdkl ` snurkb snurkb n orb`t orb`t gysgystdk`j pnwbr `fc rnjj [pdrdt. Sb c`fkb `ﬅbkts `jj wan sbb dt, or`ftdfo tabg ` infus nr pbf`jty tn `ktdnfs rbj`tbc tn tab Unnj. [= Tnu odvb +/-9 nfondfo wadjb c`fkdfo, nr ynu npbf tab snurkb tn `jj prbsbft. = Tnu odvb +/-0 nrw`rc, iut tab snurkb dfbkts ynu tbgpnr`rdjy. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs `fc cr`ws bvbrynfb bvbr ynfb dftn tab snurkb n pnwbr ufprn ufprntbktbc. tbktbc. ▸  C`rlsngb Hnjl Ӵ @t cusl, cusl, ynu k`f kannsb tn t`lb +0 nfondfo nfondfo nf [pdrdt [pdrdt nr Kuffdfo uftdj ynu bfknuftbr irdoat jdoat nr gnrfdfo kngbs. D ynu—rb bxpnsbc tn irdoat jdoat ibnrb gnrfdfo, ynu g`rl 0 ab`jta st`r. ▸  Hj`sa [tbp Ӵ Tnu k`f usb Gbjbb _b`pnfs _b`pnfs `s tanuoa taby wbrb Y`fobc.

33

[a`cbw`jlbr

Lurnf Bf`, ` gdfntùr U`kt Gdstrbss.

32

Nrdodf

Yn`gdfo Gboìb`sts `rb ` rbqubft dssub nr Nutj`fcbrs. ▸  @ss`ssdf Ӵ Tnu df﬉dkt +9 a`rg wadjb ynur ynur stb`jta ds g`dft`dfbc. g`dft`dfbc.

Nutj`fcbr ▸  [turcdbr [tuﬅ Ӵ Tnu o`df o`df 0 @rgnr @rgnr ▸   Hbr`j Ӵ +0 a`rg wdta wdta `jj F`tur`j F`tur`j _b`pnfs _b`pnfs ▸  Orb`t Ib`st Ӵ @t tab ibodffdfo n b`ka ffoat, ffoat, pdkl nfb. nfb. B`ka j`sts tab cur`tdnf n tab i`ttjb, nr uftdj u ftdj ynu `rb lfnklbc nut. Ӵ `lb +9 @rgnr @rgnr uftdj ynu ynu g`rl ` Ab`jta st`r st`r.. Ӵ `lb +0 nfond nfondfo fo nf `tt`kls `tt`kls.. Ӵ @cc 9 Ab`jta st`rs tn ynur Ab`jta Knfstbjj`tdnf. Knfstbjj`tdnf. Ӵ Tnu k`f try ` Ydsly Urnpnsdtdnf Urnpnsdtdnf tn ab`j= [ukkbss kjb`rs 0 Ab`jta Ab`jta st`r. ▸  Fng`cdk Y`fobr Ӵ _ab _abf f knfrnf knfrnftbc tbc wdta ` cd﬋kujt cd﬋kujt j`fcsk`pb, j`fcsk`pb, rnjj @jbrtfbss. [= [abjtbr `fc nnc kngb b`sdjy. = Bdtabr nnc nr sabjtbr k`f ib a`c b`sdjy, b`sdjy, iut fnt inta. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs `fc ynu bfknuftbr ` c`fobrnus wdjc `fdg`j.

38

[nkd`jdtb ▸   Ujufcbrbr Ӵ Tnu obt +0 nf [bdzb iy Hnrkb Hnrkb Gnvbs, Gnvbs, dfkjucdfo df w`r w`r sdtu`tdnfs. ▸   Ibrsbrlbr Ӵ _abf ynu ynu Bxka`fo Bxka`fobb A`rg, A`rg, ynu k`f `cc 0, 9, nr ; tn tab a`rg df﬉dktbc iy inta ynu `fc ynur nppnfbft.

[nkd`jdtb

▸   Fnijb Ӵ _abf ynu usb usb ynur ynur wb`jta nr st`tus, st`tus, rnjj Ka`rg. [= Tnur rbput`tdnf rbput`tdn f prbkbcbs ynu, `fc taby `rb bòbr tn pjb`sb. = Sby—rb ufwdjjdfo iut knnpbr`tdvb. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs= dt turfs nut ta`t ` pnjdtdk`j `cvbrs`ry a`s ` anjc nf tabg. ▸ Knffbktdnfs Ӵ _abf ynu ynu t`jl tn ntabrs ntabrs ìnut ìnut ` pbrsnf, dtbg, dtbg, nr bvbft bvbft n dftbrbst, rnjj Ka`rg. [= Tnu fffc sngbnfb wan a`s dftdg`tb lfnwjbcob n dt. = Tnu fffc ` bw pbnpjb tn odvb ynu onnc kjubs. H= Tnu fffc ` jnt n kjubs, iut ` jnt n tabg `rb rng tab nppnsdtdnf. H`tb dftbrvbfbs. ▸  Kngg`fcbr Ӵ _abf ynu ynu cbjdvbr `f `f nrcbr, nrcbr, tansb wan njjnw njjnw dt rbkbdvb rbkbdvb +0 nfondfo wadjb dt k`f stdjj ib `kkngpjdsabc. ▸   I`rc Ӵ Tnu obt +0 +0 Ka`rg wabf pbrnrgdfo pbrnrgdfo gusdk. ▸   Ynoub Ӵ _abf sngbnfb sngbnfb——s pj`f ds ndjbc, ndjbc, rnjj Kuffdfo. [= Tnu k`f k`pdt`jdzb k`pd t`jdzb nf dt wabfbvbr ynu jdlb. Anjc ;. [pbfc 0 anjc tn obt +0 nf ` rbj`tbc rnjj. = Tnu t`lb +0 nrw`rc tn a`fcjb tab sdtu`tdnf. H= Tnu k`f k`pdt`jdzb nf dt j`tbr, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs wabf ynu cn. ▸   Ibjdbvìjb Ӵ Tnu obt +0 tn Iboudjb, Srb`tbf, Srb`tbf, `fc Cbkbdvb Gnvbs. Gnvbs.

Urdbst ▸  Ab`jdfo Ydtu`j Ӵ _abf ynu ynu t`lb tab tdgb tn pbrnrg pbrnrg ` rdtu`j rdtu`j tn ab`j `fntabr `fntabr,, rnjj [pdrdt. Ӵ [= Ab`j ;. = Ab`j 9. H= Ab`j 0, `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs.

3?

Nrdodf ▸  C`djy Ur`ybrs Ӵ B`ka c` c`yy ynu ynu anjc anjc 9 nr nr ynur ynur pr`ybrs. Tnu k`f spbfc tads anjc tn t`lb +0 nf rnjjs nf `fy `ktdnf nr Gnvb rbj`tbc tn ynur rbjdodnf. ▸   _`rcdfo Ӵ Tnu o`df o`df +0 @rgnr @rgnr ò`dfst ò`dfst gòdk, tab supbrf`tur`j, oncs, `fc tab bﬅbkts n Unwbr Unnjs. Tnu k`f bxtbfc tads prntbktdnf tn `jj st`fcdfo wdtadf `rg—s jbfota. ▸  Ydtu`j n Cbvntdnf Urdbsts g`y lfnw guka Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu ynu pbrnrg ` rbjdodnu rbjdodnuss rdtu`j rdtu`j nr n tab Orb`t Nfb sngbnfb, rnjj [pdrdt. [= Sby anjc ;. = Sby anjc 9. H= Sby anjc 0, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs `fc tab bfbgdbs n ynur rbjdodnf cr`w fb`r. Sby k`f spbfc 0 anjc nr nfb n tab njjnwdf njjnwdfo= o= Ӵ [up [upprbs prbsss `f dfvnk` dfvnk`tdnf tdnf n tabdr tabdr Hj`w. Hj`w. Ӵ `lb kngn kngnrt rt df ynur rbjdod rbjdodnf. nf. Ӵ Kur Kurbb bbjdf bbjdfos os n n oudjt oudjt.. Ӵ `lb +0 nrw`rc ò`dfst ò`dfst supbrf`tur`j c`fobrs. Ӵ `lb +0 nrw`rc nrw`rc nf [nkd`j Gnvbs Gnvbs wdta wdta bjjnw `cabrbfts. ▸   Urnkj`g`tdnf Ӵ Tnu obt +0 tn Srb`tbf `fc _bdoat _bdoat n Ybput`tdnf gnvbs. gnvbs. ▸   [`krdffkb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu s`krdffkb sngbtadfo tn ynur oncs, oncs, s`y wa`t wa`t ynu `rb `rb s`krdffkdfo, wa`t ynu w`ft, `fc rnjj [pdrdt. [= Udkl ;. = Udkl 9. H= Udkl 0, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Sb rdtu`j ds rbsnjvbc dggbcd`tbjy dggbcd`tbjy,, r`tabr ta`f df tab uturb. uturb. Ӵ Tnu obt wa`t ynu wdsabc nr nr. Ӵ Tnur onc `kkbpts tab s`krdffkb `s ` obsturb, obsturb, r`tabr ta`f jdtbr`jjy jdtbr`jjy,, `jjnwdfo ynu tn lbbp tab tadfo t adfo df qubstdnf. Ӵ Tnu t`lb +0 nrw`rc rng tab ijbssdfo n n ynur onc.

Kngp`fdnf ▸  Hnjjnw tab Jb`c Ӵ Tnu t`lb +0 nfondfo wadjb njjnwdfo njjnwdfo tab nrcbrs n ynur `jjy. `jjy. ▸  B`sdjy Cdsgdssbc Ӵ Tnu obt +0 nf Gnvb [tb`jtadjy [tb`jtadjy wabfbvbr ynu—rb ynu—rb fnt `jnfb.

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Cbvnur nurbr br Cbv Tnu Hrng Sb Hdrb ▸   Uujj Tnu Ӵ _abf ynu ynu `ttbgpt `ttbgpt tn s`vb s`vb ynur `jjy rng rng `f dggbcd`tbjy dggbcd`tbjy c`fobrnus sdtu`tdnf, rnjj @jbrtfbss. [= @s pbr db, iut ynur `jjy obts tab crnp nf tab bfbgy `s wbjj. = Tnu `vbrt tab dggbcd`tb `spbkts n ynur `jjy—s `tb. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs `fc ynu gbrbjy sw`p pj`kbs. ▸   Nisbrv`ft

Ӵ Tnu obt +0 tn Yb`c ` Ubrsnf Ubrsnf nr [dtu`tdnf. [dtu`tdnf. ▸ Kngnrtdfo Urbsbfkb Ӵ Tnu `fc ynur `jjy obt obt +0 tn [nkd`j Gnvbs wdta b`ka ntabr. ntabr. ▸  Niusk`tdfo [tupdcdty Ӵ _abf ynu ynu gdoat gdoat kngb ufcbr ufcbr suspdkdn suspdkdnf, f, rnjj Ka`rg nr Kuffdfo. [= Tnu `vndc fntdkb bftdrbjy< ynu—rb fnt bvbf nf tab jdst n suspbkts. = Sby—rb `w`rb n ynur prbsbfkb, iut cdsknuft ynu `s ` suspbkt. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs `fc sngbnfb jb`rfs sngbtadfo dgpnrt`ft ìnut ynu.

Cbvnur Cbv nurbr br ▸   Urbc`tnr Ӵ Tnu obt +0 tn rnjjs `fc a`rg a`rg wdta Idtbsa`lb `fc `fc [w`jjnw _anjb. ▸  F`tur`j Auftbr Ӵ Tnu obt +0 a`rg wdta F`tur`j _b`pnfs. _b`pnfs. ▸  K`rfdvnrb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu kùsb ynur nppnfbft nppnfbft tn g`rl 9 nr gnrb gnrb st`rs n Ab`jta df ` sdfojb ijnw, ynu ab`j 0 st`r. ▸   Bkjdpsb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu knfsugb ` p`rt n ` spdrt, onc, nr nr orb`t pnwbr pnwbr,,

rnjj [pdrdt. [= T Tnu nu cbvnur `jj tab bfbroy df tab jnk`j jn k`j `rb`.

= Tnu rbcukb tab anjc tab pnwbr a`s nf tab `rb`, iut fnw dt lfnws ynu `fc ds w`dtdfo nr dts ka`fkb. H= S`t w`s ` i`c nnc. H`tb dftbrvbfbs. ▸  Cdgbfsdnf Ibjjy Ӵ _abf ynu ynu b`t sngbtadfo, sngbtadfo, ynu k`f kannsb kannsb tn stnrb stnrb dt r`tabr ta`f cdobst dt. Tnu k`f stnrb ` in`tjn`c n stuﬅ, `fc b`ka dtbg k`f ib tab sdzb n ` pbrsnf. ▸  Cr`df tab Ijnnc Ӵ _abf ynu ynu crdfl tab jdb jdb nrkb nrkb n `fntabr `fntabr krb`turb krb`turb,, rnjj [pdrdt nr Unwbr. [= Kannsb 9. = Kannsb 0. H= Bxka`fob a`rg `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs.

34

Nrdodf Ӵ Sb t`robt t`robt ornws ornws wb`ry `fc cbprbssbc cbprbssbc nr nr sbvbr`j c`ys. c`ys. Ӵ Tnu ab`j 0 st`r st`r n Ab`jta. Ab`jta. Ӵ Sb t`robt t`robt ds ds irdb﬉y irdb﬉y ynur ynur tar`jj. tar`jj. Ӵ Sb t`robt t`robt cnbs fnt fnt rbk`jj rbk`jj ynur ynur `tt`kl. `tt`kl. Ӵ Sb t`robt t`robt t`lbs -0 nfondf nfondfoo wabf cdsnibydfo cdsnibydfo ynu. ynu. Ӵ Sb t`robt t`robt t`lbs +0 [pdrd [pdrdtt nfondf nfondfo. o. Ӵ UK Nfjy= Nfjy= Sb t`robt t`robt g`rls g`rls Bxpbrdbfkb Bxpbrdbfkb `fc 0 Ab`jta. Ab`jta.

_yrcj _yr cjdfo dfo ▸  Hnkus Ӵ Ud Udkl kl ` t`r t`rob obtt `fc `fc rnjj Kuffdfo nr [pdrdt. [= Tnu t`lb +9 kandkbs nr anjc nrw`rc wdta _yrcjdfo Gnvbs nf ta`t t`robt. = `lb +0 kandkb nr anjc nrw`rc wdta _yrcjdfo Gnvbs nf tab t`robt. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs. Tnur knfkbftr`tdnf ds irnlbf `fc ynu jnsb `jj ynur Hnkus anjcs. ▸  bjbldfbsds Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu ynu rb`ka nut nut wdta wdta ynur ynur gdfc, gdfc, rnjj [pdrdt nr Kuffdfo. [= Anjc ;. = Anjc 9. H= Anjc 0 iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. Tnu k`f spbfc 0 anjc tn pbrnrg ` cdskrbtb `ktdnf nr g`fdpuj`tb ` sdfojb nimbkt `t ` cdst`fkb. Sbsb g`fdp g`fdpuj`tdnfs uj`tdnfs k`f ib `fytadfo ynu wnujc ntabrwdsb ib ìjb tn cn wdta ynur a`fcs. ▸  _`rp Yb`jdty Ӵ _abf ynu ynu t`gpbr t`gpbr wdta tab ìrdk ìrdk n rb`jdty rb`jdty wdtadf `rgs— `rgs— jbfota, ynu k`f rbsa`pb snjdc g`tbrd`js. rnjj Kuffdfo nr [pdrdt. [= Anjc 0. = Anjc 0, iut tab bﬅbkts `rb nfjy djjusnry< ntabrs `rb fnt `w`rb n tads. H= Sb w`rpdfo i`klffrbs< `tb dftbrvbfbs. [pbfc 0 anjc nr nfb n tab njjnwdfo. Ӵ Ybsa` Ybsa`pb pb tab wnrjc wnrjc `rnufc `rnufc ynu= ynu= k`rvb ` inujcbr dftn dftn st`drs, st`drs, g`fojb ` g`kadfb—s ob`rs, kut ` pbrbkt squ`rb anjb tarnuoa ` trbb, ibfc spnnfs, btk. Ӵ Gbccjb wdta `f nppnfbft nppnfbft——s bqudpgbft, bqudpgbft, kùsdfo -0 @rgnr nr -0 a`rg nfondfo. Ӵ Dftbf Dftbftdnf`jjy tdnf`jjy cdsoudsb cdsoudsb ynur `ktdnfs uftdj uftdj `f nutsdcb nrkb nrkb kngbs df knft`kt wdta ynur a`fcdwnrl. Ӵ Tnu k`f w`rp rb`jdty `t Y`fobc Y`fobc cdst`fkb tbgpnr`rdjy. tbgpnr`rdjy. ▸  Gdfc Ij`st Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu sj`g sj`g ` nb wdta tbjbldfbsd tbjbldfbsds, s, sbjbkt ` t`robt t`robt wdtadf Y`fobc cdst`fkb `fc rnjj Unwbr nr [pdrdt. [= Kannsb 9. = Kannsb 0. H= Kannsb 0, iut ynu g`rl 0 ab`jta st`r `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs.

25

U`kt Gdstrbss Ӵ Cb`j 0 a`rg a`rg U`st U`st @rgnr @rgnr `t `t `fy `fy r`fob. r`fob. Ӵ Uus Uusa a nr nr sj`g sj`g t`r t`robt obt.. Ӵ Cdsn Cdsnrdbft rdbft t`ro t`robt, bt, taby t`lb -0 -0 nrw`rc. nrw`rc. Ӵ @c @cc c tab @rb` @rb` tò tn tads tads `tt`kl `tt`kl.. ▸  @bods Ӵ _abf ynu ynu nkus ynur ynur pnwbrs pnwbrs nf cbbfsb, cbbfsb, rnjj Kuffdfo nr [pdrdt. [= Anjc ;. = Anjc 9. H= Anjc 0 iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. [pbfc 0 anjc nr nfb n tab njjnwdfo= Ӵ `lb +0 +0 @rgnr @rgnr nrw`rc nrw`rc.. Ӵ Ka`f Ka`fob ob tab t`ro t`robt bt n ynur @b @bods. ods. Ӵ Sb @bods prntbkts prntbkts ò`dfst ò`dfst bfvdrnfgbft`j bfvdrnfgbft`j a`z`rcs a`z`rcs nfondfo. nfondfo. Ӵ Bxtbfc tab @bods tn tn `jj wdtadf `rg— `rg—s jbfota n tab t`robt. t`robt. Ӵ Sb @bods @bods prntbkts prntbkts ò`dfst `jj psykadk `fc gbft`j gbft`j `tt`kls nfondfo. ▸  Cbirds [tnrg Ӵ _abf ynu ynu jbt ynur psykadk psykadk pnwbr pnwbr ròb jdlb ` aurrdk`fb, aurrdk`fb, kannsb ; rng ibjnw. Sbf rnjj Unwbr nr [pdrdt. Sb Cbirds [tnrg a`s tab @rb` tò, iut wa`t dt `ﬅbkts cbpbfcs nf ynur rnjj. [= Sb stnrg `ﬅbkts `jj bfbgdbs df tab `rb`. = Sb stnrg `ﬅbkts rdbfc `fc nb `jdlb. H= Sb stnrg `ﬅbkts bvbrytadfo  wdtadf wdtadf tab `rb`, `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Cust= Snsb Snsb `ﬅbktbc `ﬅbktbc t`lb -0 nfo nfondf ndfoo tn vdsdnf vdsdnf.. Ӵ Xdnjbf dnjbfkb= kb= Jnnsb nimbkts ibkngb ibkngb adoa-spbbc prnmbktdj prnmbktdjbs, bs, Cb`jdfo ; A`rg. Ӵ Df Dftbrkb tbrkbptdn ptdnf= f= Snsb wdtadf wdtadf tab stnrg stnrg t`lb -0 a`rg. a`rg. Ӵ Hn Hnrkb= rkb= Bvbrytadf Bvbrytadfoo ds tarnwf tarnwf i`kl nut nut n tab `rb`. `rb`. Ӵ [knur= Snsb `ﬅbktbc `ﬅbktbc t`lb -0 -0 nfond nfondfo fo tn @rgn @rgnrr. Ӵ Ijdf Ijdfcdfo cdfo== Snsb `ﬅbktbc t`lb -0 nfon nfondfo dfo tn `tt`kls `tt`kls..

U`kt Gdstrbss ▸  Idfc U`kt Ӵ _abf sngbnfb sngbnfb g`lbs `f n`ta, n`ta, vnw, vnw, nr prngdsb prngdsb tn ynu, ynu ynu k`f idfc tabg tn tabdr t abdr wnrc. Ynjj [pdrdt nr Unwbr. [= Anjc ;. Tnu k`f spbfc 0 anjc tn nrkb tabg tn t`lb ` sdfojb `ktdnf tn urtabr tabdr prngdsb. = Anjc 9. Tnu k`f spbfc 0 anjc tn odvb tabg +0 nfondfo d taby lbbp tabdr wnrc, nr -0 nfondfo d taby irb`l dt. H= Tnu odvb tabg +0 nfondfo tn njjnw tabdr vnw, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. ▸   Ibfbcdktdnf Ӵ _abf ynu cbkj`rb cbkj`rb ` vnw wdta nfb n n wnrjc—s oncs nr spdrdts,

20

Nrdodf rnjj [pdrdt. [= Anjc ;. = Anjc 9. H= Anjc 0 iut `tb dftbr-

vbfbs. [pbfc 0 anjc tn dfcukb tab oncs tn `ssdst `ssdst ynu iy gncdydfo tab wnrjc df sngb suitjb w`y. D ynu irb`l ynur vnw, ynu jnsb ynur rbg`dfdfo anjc `fc t`lb ; a`rg U`st @rgnr. ▸   [t`jw`rt Ӵ _abf ynu ynu swb`r `f `f n`ta tn fffdsa sngb iusdfbss nr nr kngpjbtb kngpjbtb ` kngpjbx t`sl, rnjj [pdrdt nr Unwbr. [= Tnu t`lb +; tn Ab`jta st`rs nfondfo. = Tnu t`lb +0 Ab`jta st`r nfondfo. H= Tnur rbsnjvb ds irnlbf, `tb dftbrvbfbs. D ynu k`f—t, wnf—t, nr `dj tn kngpjbtb kngpjbtb ynur n`ta, ynu t`lb a`rg bqu`j bqu` j tn tab st`rs ynu rbkbdvbc U`st @rgnr. ▸  Ib`st Gdstrbss Ӵ Tnu nrob ` p`kt wdta ` ib`st, `fdg`j, nr gdfnr gdfnr spdrdt. [`y wa`t ynu wdjj cn nr tab krb`turb `fc rnjj [pdrdt. [= Sb krb`turb nibys `jj nrcbrs, `fc k`f ffoat nr ynu. Dt a`s 3 Ab`jta st`rs `fc ` ; a`rg F`tur`j Gbjbb _b`pnf. = Sb krb`turb wdjj jnnl nut nr ynu, on pj`kbs, `fc nisbrvb tadfos, iut wdjj fnt ffoat. H= Sb krb`turb ds dfsujtbc iy ynur nﬅbr. H`tb dftbrvbfbs. D ynu `dj tn cbjdvbr nf ynur prngdsb, `tb `jsn dftbrvbfbs. ▸ rutas`ybr Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu spb`l wdta sngbnfb sngbnfb ynu `rb `rb suspdkdnus suspdkdnus n, n, rnjj Kuffdfo nr [pdrdt. [= Anjc ;. @ccdtdnf`jjy, ynu k`f `jsn kngpbj tabg tn spb`l tab truta t ruta iy spbfcdfo 9 anjc. = Anjc 9. H= Anjc 0, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. Tnu k`f spbfc anjc `t `fy tdgb curdfo tab knfvbrs`tdnf tn sbjbkt nr `sl nfb n tab njjnwdfo= Ӵ Ds tads pbrsnf tbjjd tbjjdfo fo tab truta> truta> Ӵ A`s tads pbrsnf pbrsnf irnl irnlbf bf tabdr tabdr wnrc> wnrc> Ӵ _djj taby anf anfnr nr tabdr tabdr i`ro`d i`ro`df> f> Ӵ Ds tabrb tabrb `fntabr `fntabr prngd prngdsb sb dftbrbrdf dftbrbrdfo> o> Ӵ K`jg sngbnf sngbnfbb df tab tab knfvbrs` knfvbrs`tdnf tdnf.. ▸  Knvbf`ft Ӵ _abf ynu ynu bftrb`t ` spdrdt, spdrdt, orb`t pnwbr pnwbr,, nr onc tn prntbkt prntbkt `fc ijbss ` pj`kb, rnjj [pdrdt. @fy innfs or`ftbc iy tab pnwbr `rb rbskdfcbc d tab n`ta ds irnlbf, `fc ynu `jw`ys lfnw d dt ds lbpt nr fnt. Ӵ [= Sb pnwbr `sls nr ` sg`jj iut rbouj`r s`krdffkb s`kr dffkb df bxka`fob nr orb`t `fc j`stdfo prnspbrdty. Ӵ = Sb pnwbr p nwbr `sls nr orb`t s`krdffkbs rbouj`rjy df bxka`fob nr gdjc prnspbrdty. Ӵ H= Sb pnwbr idfcs ynu dfstb`c, `tb dftbrvbfbs.

29

U`kt Gdstrbss

Bjj`-Judir`, ` p`kt-inufc crònfturtjb crònf turtjb kngp`fdnf

2;

Nrdodf

[pbkd`j Unwbr gnvbs sbp`r`tb ynu rng gufc`fb aug`fs.

23

[pbkd`j Unwbr Gnvbs

[pbkd`j Unwbr Gnvbs Gn vbs Rfjdlb @rkabtypb Gnvbs, [pbkd`j Unwbrs `rb gnrb rbj`tbc tn ynur paysdqub `fc f`tur`j ìdjdtdbs ta`f ynur tr`dfdfo nr prnbssdnf. ▸   Idtbsa`lb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu s`vòb sngbnfb sngbnfb df kngi`t, kngi`t, Gnvb Gnvb dftn dftn Gbjbb, Gbjbb, Bxka`fob A`rg, `fc rnjj Unwbr. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb nfb, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnu aurj ynur nppnfbft nppnfbft `w`y, `w`y, tbgpnr`rdjy prbvbftdfo tabg rng `tt`kldfo ufjbss taby a`vb ` Y`fobc _b`pnf. Ӵ Tnu df﬉dkt df﬉dkt +0 a`rg. Ӵ Tnu suﬅbr suﬅbr -0 a`rg. a`rg. Ӵ Tnu pdf ynur ynur nppnfbft nppnfbft df pj`kb. pj`kb. Ӵ Tnu cbstrny, cbstrny, rbgnvb, nr b`t b`t nfb n tabdr tadfos. ▸  [w`jjnw _anjb Ӵ _a _abf bf ynu ynu try tn b`t sngbn sngbnfb fb,, rnjj Unwbr. [= Tnu sw`jjnw tab t`robt. Bxka`fob A`rg d ynu wdsa. _adjb dfsdcb ynu, UKs k`f nfjy `ttbgpt tn bsk`pb iy usdfo [bdzb Iy Hnrkb ò`dfst ynu< sukkbss dfcdk`tbs taby bsk`pb. _abf `f FUK trdbs tn bsk`pb, ynu k`f `ttbgpt `ttbgpt ` Ydsly Urnpnsdtdnf Urnpnsdtdnf tn lbbp tabg cnwf. = Tnu t`lb ` idtb nut n tabg `fc Bxka`fob A`rg. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs. ▸  Undsnf Ӵ _abf ynu ynu idtb idtb nr stdfo stdfo `f nppnfbf nppnfbft, t, rnjj @jbrtfbss. [= Anjc ;. = Anjc 9. H= Anjc 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. [pbfc 0 anjc nr nfb n tab njjnwdf njjnwdfo= o= Ӵ Sby `rb Cb`jt Cb`jt 0 A`rg U`st U`st @rgnr @rgnr.. Ӵ Sby ibkngb ibkngb crnws crnwsyy nr nr ` wadjb. wadjb. Ӵ Nfb n tabdr tabdr tadfos tadfos ds c`gòb c`gòb nr nr cbstrnybc. cbstrnybc. Ӵ Sby `rb knfusbc knfusbc `fc `fc oujjdijb oujjdijb nr nr ` wadjb. Ӵ Sby ibkngb sjnw sjnw, rdodc, nr dggnidjb dggnidjb nr nr ` wadjb. Ӵ Nfb bﬅbkt bﬅbkt j`sts nr ` prnj prnjnfo nfobc bc tdgb. tdgb. ▸  Knfstrdkt Ӵ _abf ynu ynu knfstrdkt, knfstrdkt, or`ppjb, or`ppjb, nr kanlb kanlb sngbnfb, sngbnfb, rnjj Unwbr. [= Anjc ;. = Anjc 9. H= Anjc 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Sb t`robt bsk`pbs d dt ds knfskdnus wabf ynu a`vb fn anjc jbh. _adjb ynu a`vb3` anjc= anjc tabg,tab ynu k`f prbvbft tabg T rng Ӵ [pbfc an jc= nf Ybfcbr t`robt ufknfskdnus. nu gust ggnvdfo. ust knfstrdkt tab t`robt t `robt gujtdpjb gujtdpjb tdgbs tn obt tads guka anjc.

22

Nrdodf Ӵ [pbfc 0 anjc= `robt `robt k`ffnt k`ffnt `tt`kl ynu ynu uftdj ynu a`vb a`vb fn anjc nf tabg. Ӵ [pbfc 0 anjc= `robt `robt t`lbs -0 nfondfo nfondfo uftdj uftdj dt k`tkabs k`tkabs dts irb`ta. irb`ta. Ӵ [pbfc 0 anjc anjc== Cb`j 0 A`rg A`rg U`st U`st @rgnr @rgnr. ▸  @odjb Hjybr Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu ynu pbrnrg pbrnrg `brd`j `krn `krni`tdk i`tdks, s, rnjj @jbrtfbss. [= Kannsb 9. = Kannsb 0. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnu bsk`pb bsk`pb tn ` s`b cdst`fkb. cdst`fkb. Ӵ Tnu t`lb t`lb +0 nrw`rc nrw`rc.. Ӵ Sb bfbgy bfbgy jnsbs tr`kl tr`kl n n ynu. ynu. Ӵ Tnu crnp sngbtadfo nf nf tab bfbgy, bfbgy, Cb`jdfo 9 A`rg. ▸ r`fsnrg`tdnf Ӵ _abf ynu t`lb tab tdgb tn tn tr`fsnrg tr`fsnrg dftn dftn `fntabr `fntabr sa`pb, rnjj Ka`rg nr Kuffdfo. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. dftbrvbfbs. Sb tr`fsnrg` tr`fsnrg`tdnf tdnf j`sts tab cur`tdnf n tab skbfb `fc knjj`psbs d ynu `rb aurt nr bx`gdfbc tnn kjnsbjy. Tnu t`lb +0 nfondfo wadjb ynur tr`fsnrg`tdnf ds `ppjdkìjb. Ӵ Gdgd Gdgdkk ` pbrsnf— pbrsnf—s jdlbfbss. jdlbfbss. Ӵ Ur Urncuk ncukbb ` usbuj usbuj jdgi jdgi nr nr p`rt. p`rt. Ӵ @c`p @c`ptt tn `f bfvdrn bfvdrnfgbft fgbft nr nr a`z`rc. Ӵ `lb nf 0 f`tur`j f`tur`j ka`r`ktbrdstdk n n `f `fdg`j. ▸  [upbrf`tur`j @jjurb Ӵ Tnu obt +0 nf Iboudjb, Knurtsadp, `fc Obt Dftdg`tb Dftdg`tb Gnvbs, Gnvbs, `fc k`f usb tabg t abg df kngi`t. ▸   Ybobfbr`tb Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu a`vb a`vb wnufcs, wnufcs, ynu ynu k`f try tn ab`j tabg. tabg. rnjj [pdrdt. [= Ab`j 0 wnufc. = Tnu cnf—t rbobfbr`tb, iut ynu t`lb +0 @rgnr nrw`rc. H= Tnu bxpbfc tnn guka bfbroy `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. ▸  Gystdk Byb Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu Yb`c ` Ubrsnf Ubrsnf nr nr [dtu`tdnf [dtu`tdnf,, ynu k`f `cc tabsb qubsqubstdnfs tn tab jdst n tadfos ynu k`f `sl. Ӵ _a` _a`tt cnbs ^^^ onc, pnwbr pnwbr,, nr spdrdt spdrdt tadfl n tads> tads> Ӵ _a` _a`t— t—s nfb gòdk gòdk pnwbr pnwbr dt a`s> Ӵ _a`t Un Unwbr wbr Unnj Unnj ds gnst kjnsbjy rbj`tbc rbj`tbc tn dt> ▸  Bvdj Byb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu Bxka`fob Bxka`fob A`rg, A`rg, ynu k`f `jw`ys npt tn Cb`j 0 A`rg U`st @rgnr dfstb`c n usdfo ` _b`pnf. Tnu k`f cn tads `t Gbjbb nr Y`fobc cdst`fkb. ▸  Idfcdfo Srb`c Ӵ _abf ynu ynu `rb wdtadf Gbjbb Gbjbb r`fob n n `f bfbgy bfbgy, ynu k`f

28

[pbkd`j Unwbr Gnvbs

[u`fobff`djj tab Cbvnurbr,, ` `gbc Cbvnurbr usbr n tab [w`jjnw _anjb gnvb.

2?

Nrdodf irdfo ynur tarb`cs dftn pj`y. Ynjj Kuffdfo. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Cb`j 0 A`rg A`rg U`st U`st @rgn @rgnrr. Ӵ Cdsìjb `f bfbgy— bfbgy—ss _b`pnf _b`pnf nr @rgnr. @rgnr. Ӵ [t [tnp np `f `f bfbgy bfbgy df df tabdr tabdr tr`kls tr`kls.. Ӵ Uujj ` pbrsnf pbrsnf nr nr nimbkt nimbkt kjns kjnsb. b. Ӵ d dbb up ` ka`r` ka`r`ktbr ktbr.. ▸  Usykadk Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu rb`c tab tanuoat tanuoatss n `fntabr `fntabr,, rnjj [pdrdt. [= @sl ;. = @sl 9. H= @sl 0, `fc ynur t`robt `sls 0 n ynu. Ӵ _a` _a`tt cn D fbbc tn tn cn tn obt obt ynu ynu tn cn ^^^> ^^^> Ӵ _a` _a`tt ds nfb nfb n n ynur ynur wb`lfbssbs> wb`lfbssbs> Ӵ _a _a`t `t cn yn ynu u b`r b`r>> Ӵ _a` _a`tt ds nfb nfb n ynur ynur strbfota strbfotas> s> Ӵ _a _a`t `t `rb `rb ynu ynu adcdf adcdfo> o> Ӵ _a` _a`tt ds ynur fbxt gnv gnvb> b> ▸  [upbr @idjdty Ӵ Tnu a`vb ` supbr ìdjdty. ìdjdty. Udkl nfb rng tab jdst ibjnw. ibjnw. _abf ynu usb ynur supbr ìdjdty, rnjj ([t`t). [= Dt wnrls wdtanut ` adtka, t`lb +0 nrw`rc. = Dt wnrls, iut tab OG dftrncukbs knjj`tbr`j c`gòb. H= Tnur supbr ìdjdty i`klffrbs `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ [u [upbr pbrst strb rbfo fota ta (Unwbr) Ӵ Ri Ribr brsb sbfs fsbs bs (@jbrtfbss) Ӵ Ayp ypbr brsp spbb bbc c (@jbrtfbss) Ӵ Rj Rjtr` tr`tbg tbgptd ptdfo fo (Ka`rg) Ӵ Ng Ngfd fdsk skdb dbf ft (Kuffdfo) Ӵ Odo do`g `gò òdk dk ([pdrdt) ▸  Orb`t Yn`r Ӵ _ab _abf f ynu jbt jbt jnnsb ` tbrrdijb tbrrdijb anwj anwj nr kry, kry, rnjj Unwbr. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnu cb`bf `jj nppnfbf nppnfbfts ts df tab skbfb. Ӵ Df Dftbrrup tbrruptt `fy rdtu`js rdtu`js nr `ktdvdtdbs `ktdvdtdbs ta`t rbjy rbjy nf snufc. snufc. Ӵ Tnur bfbgdbs `rb fnt fnt dggbcd`tbjy dggbcd`tbjy `ttr`ktbc `ttr`ktbc tn ynur pnsdtdnf. Ӵ Bfbgd Bfbgdbs bs wan ab`r ab`r ynu t`lb -0 -0 nrw`rc nrw`rc tn `tt`kl `tt`kl ynu. ynu. ▸   Bkanjnk`tdnf Ӵ C`rlfbss, sgnlb, `fc no a`vb fn fn ib`rdfo nf ynur ìdjdty ìdjdty tn sbb nr f`vdo`tb `f `rb`. D ynu Bxka`fob A`rg wdta sngbnfb wan k`f—t k`f—t sbb ynu, tab a`rg taby k`f cb`j ynu ds rbcukbc iy 0. ▸  [njdc Snuoat Ӵ F` F`tur`j tur`j _b`pnfs _b`pnfs `fc `fc @rgnr ynu ynu k`rry cn fnt bxdst df paysdk`j paysdk`j sp`kb ufjbss ynu w`ft tabg tn< ynu `ppb`r uf`rgbc `fc uf`r-

21

[pbkd`j Unwbr Gnvbs

T`sub tab Nfd, ` _yrcjdfo psykadk

24

Nrdodf gnrbc `t `jj tdgbs. _abf ynu t`lb ynur nppnfbfts iy surprdsb, ynu t`lb +0 @rgnr `fc a`rg nrw`rc tab ffrst tdgb ynu bfoòb `fy odvbf bfbgy. @jj ntabr knsts `fc rbqudrbgbfts rbg`df tab s`gb nr prnkurdfo s`dc ob`r.

[nkd`j Gnvbs [nkd`j Gnvbs knvbr tab v`rdnus usbuj snkd`j s nkd`j dftbr`ktdnfs ta`t ` ka`r`ktbr k`f cn. Sbsb Sbs b Gnvbs on `r ibynfc i bynfc i`sdk knfvbrs`tdnf. knfvbrs`tdnf. Tnu k`f jdb tn sngbnfb bvbf d ynu cnf—t a`vb tab Cbkbdvb Gnvb, iut cndfo sn jb`vbs `jj n tab `ttbgpt `ttbgpt df tab a`fcs n tab OG wan g`y kannsb tn kngpjdk`tb tab g`ttbr. ▸   Cbkbdvb Ӵ Tnu s`y wa`t wa`t ynu w`ft w`ft tab ntabr p`rty tn ibjdbvb, `fc rnjj Kuffdfo. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. G= Kannsb 0 iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. ӴӴ   T nurt`rob fn cdskn cdsknvbrbc Sb t`rusb robtt ds`jjs `jfnt js tnr nr dt. vbrbc.. dt. Ӵ Sb tdgd tdgdfo fo ds pbr pbrbkt. bkt. Ӵ Sby tbjj tbjj ntabrs ntabrs ìnu ìnutt dt. ▸  Srb`tbf Ӵ G` G`lb lb ynur ynur tar tarb`t b`t,, `fc `fc rnjj Unwbr, Kuffdfo, nr Ka`rg. Ӵ [= Sby kannsb 0= 0 = Sby nrkb ynu tn g`lb onnc nf tab tarb`t t arb`t `fc taby cb`j wdta tab t ab knfsbqubfkbs. Sby odvb df `fc cn wa`t ynu w`ft. Ӵ = Sby kannsb 0 rng ìnvb, nr nfb n tab njjnwdfo= njjnwdfo= Obt nut n tab w`y. w`y. I`rrdk`cb tabgsbjvbs sbkurbjy df. Odvb ynu wa`t p`rt n wa`t ynu w`ft. I`kl nﬅ k`jgjy. Ӵ H= Sby cnf—t `pprbkd`tb dt. H`tb dftbrvbfbs. ▸  Iboudjb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu sbcukb, g`fdpuj`tb, g`fdpuj`tb, tbgpt, nr jdb tn sngbnfb, s`y wa`t ynu w`ft tabg tn cn, odvb tabg ` rb`snf, `fc Ynjj Ka`rg. Ӵ FUKs= [= Sby on `jnfo wdta dt ufjbss sngbtadfo ibtr`ys ynur rb`snf. = Sby on `jnfo wdta dt, iut taby fbbc `ssur`fkb nr ` prngdsb. Ӵ UKs= [= Inta. = Kannsb nfb. Ӵ D taby on `jnfo `jnfo wdta wdta dt, taby taby g`rl g`rl Bxpbrdbfkb. Bxpbrdbfkb. Ӵ D taby rbusb, rbusb, taby cn fnt fnt g`rl g`rl Bxpbrdbfkb Bxpbrdbfkb wabf tabdr tabdr Hj`w ds ds

85

[nkd`j Gnvbs dfvnlbc nr tab rbg`dfcbr n tab sbssdnf. dfvnlbc Ӵ UKs & FU FUKs Ks== H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs, taby—rb nf tn ynu, taby rbsdst, nr taby sngbanw ndj nr rbvbrsb ynur `ttbgpt. ▸  Obt Dftdg`tb Ӵ _abf ynu ynu obt dftdg` dftdg`tb tb wdta `fntabr ka`r`ktbr ka`r`ktbr,, rnjj Ka`rg nr Unwbr. [= Tnu ka`fob inta ynur tò wdta tabg `fc tabdr tò wdta ynu, `fc ynu t`lb +0 nfondfo nfondfo wdta tabg. = Bdtabr t`lb +0 nfondfo nfondfo wdta tabg, nr ka`fob tabdr tò wdta ynu. H= Tnur jnvbr t`lbs +0 nfondfo wdta ynu `fc g`y ka`fob tabdr tò wdta ynu. Ybo`rcjbss n ynur sukkbss, d ynur jnvbr ds ` UK, taby g`y Obt Dftdg`tb `s wbjj. ▸  Knurtsadp Ӵ _abf ynu ynu try tn pbrsu`cb sngbnfb dftn ` rbj`tdnfsadp rbj`tdnfsadp wdta ynu, nﬅbr tabg ` Ybj`tdnf Y bj`tdnfsadp sadp tò wdta ynursbj `s tab t`robt. Sby k`f bdtabr `kkbpt dt nr cbkjdfb. D taby `kkbpt dt, ynu g`rl Bxpbrdbfkb. Sby g`y pbrnrg Knurtsadp K nurtsadp wdta ynu df rbturf, iut cn fnt a`vb tn. ▸  [bbl Knufkdj Ӵ _abf ynu ynu on tn sngbnfb nr nr dfsdoat, dfsdoat, `sl tabg wa`t wa`t knursb n `ktdnf taby tadfl ds ibst `fc rnjj Ka`rg nr @jbrtfbss `fc `cc tabdr Ybj`tdnfsadp wdta

@btu`rd`, u`rd`, p`trn p`trnfbss fbss n n Iboudjb `fc `fc Obt Dftd Dftdg`t g`tbb @bt

80

Nrdodf ynu. [= Sby kannsb 9. = Sby kannsb 0. H= Sby kannsb 0, iut

`tb dftbrvbfbs, wabtabr ynu njjnw tabdr `cvdkb nr fnt. Ӵ Tnu t`lb +0 nfondf nfondfoo tn pursub pursub tabdr `cvdkb. Ӵ Tnu g`rl Bxpbrdbfkb `t tab knfkjusdnf knfkjusdnf n njjnwdfo njjnwdfo tabdr `cvdkb. Ӵ Tnu t`lb +/-0 nfondfo nfondfo wdta wdta sngbnfb, tabdr kandkb. kandkb. ▸  _bdoat n Ybput`tdnf Ӵ _abf ynu ynu gbbt sngbnfb sngbnfb ynu w`ft ynu w`ft w`ft tn df﬉ubfkb df﬉ubfkb wdta ynur rbput`tdn rbput`tdnf, f, rnjj Ka`rg nr Unwbr `fc `cc tabdr Ybj`tdnfsadp wdta ynu. Sds nfjy wnrls nfkb nf sngbnfb ufjbss ynur rbput`tdnf a`s ornwf sdfkb ynur j`st gbbtdfo. [= Tnu obt +0 nfondfo wdta tabg. = Tnu t`lb +0 nrw`rc wdta tabg. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs= dftbrvbfbs= taby t aby a`vb ab`rc n ynu, iut fnt df ` onnc w`y. ▸ @tajbtdks & [pnrt [pnrt Ӵ _abf ynu ynu kngpbtb kngpbtb wdta ntabrs df ` paysdk`j paysdk`j kngpbtdtdnf kngpbtdtdnf wdta rujbs, rnjj @jbrtfbss nr Unwbr. [= Udkl ;. = Udkl 9. H= Udkl 0 iut `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnu dgprbss dgprbss bdtabr tab krnwc nr ynur ynur nppnfbfts, nppnfbfts, t`lb +0 nfondfo df snkd`j sdtu`tdn sdtu`tdnfs fs wdta tabg. Ӵ Tnu wdf, nr tdb d `fy n n ynur nppnfbfts nppnfbfts `rb UKs `fc `jsn sbjbkt tads. Ӵ @ p`trnf stbps nrw`rc nrw`rc tn odvb ynu `vnr `vnr df tab nrg n rb`rb`surb, Hb`jty, nr `ssdst`fkb. Ӵ @ i`ro`df nr fbontd`tdnf fbontd`tdnf ds anfnrbc anfnrbc df `vnr `vnr n ynur sdcb. Ӵ Tnur `gb r`pdcjy r`pdcjy sprb`cs sprb`cs `krnss tab rbodnf.

Hj`w Gnvbs

Tnu `jw`ys a`vb `kkbss tn inta Hj`w Gnvbs. Tnu k`f ka`fob ynur Hj`w tarnuoa pj`y usdfo Bxpbrdbfkb. Dfcdvdcu`j ﬉`ws `rb jdstbc df tab Jdst n Hj`ws `hbr tab Gnvbs sbktdnf. ▸  ròdk Hj`w Ӵ @fy pj`ybr pj`ybr k`f dfvnlb ynur ròdk ròdk Hj`w, Hj`w, dfkjucdfo ynursbj. _abf ynur Hj`w ds dfvnlbc, pdkl nfb. Ӵ D ynu a`vb a`vb dt tn sp`rb, g`rl g`rl _djjpnwbr _djjpnwbr,, `fc tbgpnr`rdjy tbgpnr`rdjy supprbss ynur Hj`w Hj`w.. Ӵ Dfc Dfcujob ujob ynur ynur Hj`w Hj`w `fc g`rl g`rl Bxpbrdbfkb Bxpbrdbfkb.. Ӵ Dfcujob ynur Hj`w Hj`w `fc t`lb +0 nfondfo nfondfo wadjb cndfo sn. sn. Ӵ Dfcujob ynur ynur Hj`w, Hj`w, t`lb +0 nrw`rc, `fc kjb`r kjb`r 0 _djjpnwbr _djjpnwbr..

89

Hj`w Gnvbs

Kd`rds tab Pudjspdlb [njcdbr,, `f `tajbtb [njcdbr `fc cubjdst

8;

Nrdodf ▸  Dfvnlb Hj`w Ӵ _abf ynu dfvnlb dfvnlb `fntabr UK—s UK—s Hj`w, Hj`w, g`rl _djjpnwbr _djjpnwbr `fc suoobst ` kngpjdk`tdnf rbj`tbc tn tabdr Hj`w. _abf ynu dfvnlb ynur nwf ﬉`w, ynu cnf—t g`rl _djjpnwbr, must suoobst ` kngpjdk`tdnf.

_`r _ `r Gnvbs Gnvbs Sbsb Gnvbs `rb usbc curdfo j`rob-sk`jb i`ttjbs `fc sdbobs, `fc cb`j wdta gdjt`ry ufdts npbr`tdfo df tab ffbjc. Tnu k`f usb ynur nwf ka`r`ktbr `s ynur ufdt nr tab purpnsbs n _`r Gnvbs. Fn ka`r`ktbr rbkbdvbs ` _`r Gnvb iy cbùjt df ka`r`ktbr krb`tdnf, iut ynu k`f iuy tabg `s fnrg`j. ▸   Ibsdbob Ӵ _ab _abf f ynur ufdt ufdt j`ys sdbob sdbob tn ` nrtdffbc nrtdffbc pnsdtdnf, pnsdtdnf, rnjj Kuffdfo `fc ynur ufdt ds Cb`jt ; A`rg. [= Udkl ;. = Udkl 9. H= Udkl 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt ufdt Cb`js A`rg tn tn tab cbbfcbrs. cbbfcbrs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt t`lbs nfjy nfjy jdoat k`su`jtdbs, 0 a`rg a`rg dfstb`c n ;. Ӵ Tnu cn fnt bxpbfc sdofdffk`ft rbsnurkbs. Ӵ Tnur nppnfbfts nppnfbfts ruf jnw nf nf suppjdbs. suppjdbs. ▸  _dtast`fc [dbob Ӵ _abf ynur ufdt ufdt wb`tabrs `f `ssùjt `ssùjt nf ` nrtdffbc pnsdtdnf pnsdtdnf rnjj @jbrtfbss. [= Udkl ;. = Udkl 9. H= Udkl 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt rbp`drs rbp`drs `fy c`gòb tn tab nrtdffk`tdnfs. nrtdffk`tdnfs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt lbbps tab dfv`cbrs `t `t i`y. i`y. Ӵ Tnur ufd ufdtt `vndcs spbfcdfo tnn g`fy rbsnurkbs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt c`gòbs tab òorbssnr—s òorbssnr—s sdbob wb`pnfry. wb`pnfry. ▸   [nrtdb Ӵ _abf ynur ynur ufdt dssubs dssubs nrta rng ` nrtdffbc pnsdtdnf tn bfoòb tab bfbgy bfbgy,, rnjj Unwbr `fc Bxka`fob A`rg wdta tab nppnsdfo ufdt. [= Tnu df﬉dkt +0 a`rg, `fc ynur nppnfbfts— bqudpgbft `fc prbp`r`tdnfs `rb cbstrnybc. = Tnur nppnfbfts— bqudpgbft `fc prbp`r`tdnfs `rb c`gòbc. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs. ▸  Npbf I`ttjb Ӵ _abf ynur ynur ufdt bfoòbs `f `f nppnfbft nppnfbft ufdt nf tab ffbjc n i`ttjb, i`ttjb, rnjj Unwbr nr Kuffdfo `fc Bxka`fob A`rg. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt ufdt df﬉dkts df﬉dkts +0 a`rg.

83

_`r `r Gnvbs Gnvbs _ Ӵ Tnur ufdt ufdt suﬅbrs suﬅbrs -0 a`rg. Ӵ Tnur ufdt irb`ls tab bfbgy—s bfbgy—s nrg`tdnf. Ӵ Tnu t`lb t`lb +0 nrw`rc nrw`rc.. ▸  Hnrg`tdnf Ӵ _abf ynu ynu r`jjy ynur ynur trnnps trnnps dftn dftn ` nrg`tdnf, nrg`tdnf, rnjj Unwbr nr @jbrtfbss. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt t`lbs +0 nfondfo nfondfo tn @rgnr. @rgnr. Ӵ Tnur ufdt t`lbs +0 nfondf nfondfoo tn a`rg df﬉dktbc. Ӵ Bfbgd Bfbgdbs bs k`ffnt k`ffnt bfoòb bfoòb ` cbbfcbc cbbfcbc ufdt ufdt df gbjbb. gbjbb. Ӵ Bfbgd Bfbgdbs bs k`ffn k`ffntt p`ss p`ss ynur ynur ufdt ufdt.. ▸  Jdoat K`v`jry Ӵ _abf ynur ynur ufdt ufdt ﬉`fls nr a`rrdbs a`rrdbs `f nppnfb nppnfbft, ft, rnjj Kuffdfo nr @jbrtfbss `fc Bxka`fob A`rg. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt ufdt suﬅbrs suﬅbrs -0 a`rg. Ӵ Tnur ufdt irb`ls tab bfbgy—s bfbgy—s nrg`tdnf. Ӵ Sb bfbgy bfbgy ufdt ds cbgnr`jd cbgnr`jdzbc. zbc. Ӵ Tnur ufdt cdsbfoòbs sukkbssujjy rng tab bfbgy bfbgy. ▸  [ankl K`v`jry Ӵ _abf ynur ynur ufdt ka`robs `f nppnfbf nppnfbftt ab`c nf, nf, rnjj Unwbr `fc Bxka`fob A`rg. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt ufdt df﬉dkts df﬉dkts +0 a`rg. Ӵ Tnur ufdt ufdt suﬅbrs suﬅbrs -0 a`rg. Ӵ Sb bfbgy ufdt ufdt ds sk`ttbrbc sk`ttbrbc `fc t`lbs -0 nfondfo nfondfo wadjb cdsnrcdsnro`fdzbc. Ӵ Tnur ufdt g`fòbs g`fòbs tn rbtrb`t rbtrb`t `hbr tab ka`rob. ka`rob.

82

Nrdodf ▸  @rtdjjbry Ӵ _abf ynur ufdt ufdt ffrbs ` vnjjby rng sdbob sdbob bfodfbs, k`ffnfs, nr ntabr bxtrbgb-r`fob bx trbgb-r`fob wb`pnfs, wb`pnfs, rnjj @jbrtfbss nr Kuffdfo. [= Tnu Cb`j A`rg U`st @rgnr tn tab bfbgy ufdt, nr c`gòb nf tabdr nrtdffk`tdnf nrtdffk`tdnfs. s. = Tnu sk`ttbr tab bfbgy ufdt, nr sbfc tabg ruffdfo nr knvbr. knvbr. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs. Ur`y ynu gdssbc ynur nwf trnnps. ▸  Xnjjby Ӵ _abf ynur ynur ufdt jùfkabs jùfkabs ` r`fobc vnjjby `t `t `f bfbgy bfbgy, rnjj Kuffdfo nr @jbrtfbss. [= Kannsb ;. = Kannsb 9. H= Kannsb 0 `fc `tb dftbrvbfbs. dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Tnur ufdt Cb`js A`rg A`rg tn tab bfbgy. bfbgy. Ӵ Tnur ufdt irb`ls tab bfbgy—s bfbgy—s nrg`tdnf. Ӵ Sb bfbgy bfbgy ufdt ds cbgnr`jd cbgnr`jdzbc. zbc. Ӵ Sb bfbgy ufdt— ufdt—ss `cv`fkb ds sjnwbc sjnwbc nr a`jtbc. a`jtbc. ▸  [knut `fc Y`fob Ӵ _ab _abf f ynur ufdt ufdt k`rbujjy k`rbujjy nisbrvbs `fc gb`surb gb`surbss tab r`fob r`fob n `f bfbgy ufdt, rnjj @jbrtfbss nr Kuffdfo. [= Tnu

Trnnj @r`zbo`, ` spdcbrgnta prdbstbss pr dbstbss

88

_`r `r Gnvbs Gnvbs _ `fc ynur `jjdbs t`lb t` lb +0 nfondfo nf `jj w`r gnvbs uftdj ynur nppnfbft ka`fobs tabdr nrg`tdnf. = Tnu `fc ynur `jjdbs t`lb +0 nrw`rc nf Xnjjby `fc @rtdjjbry Gnvbs. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs nf ynur rbknff`dss` rbknff`dss`fkb. fkb. ▸   G`fbuvbr Ӵ _abf ynur ynur ufdt `ttbgp `ttbgpts ts tn nutg`fbuvbr nutg`fbuvbr `f nppnfbf nppnfbft, t, rnjj Kuffdfo. [= `lb +0 nfondfo wadjb ynu a`vb tab `cv`ftòb n tbrr`df nr pnsdtdnf. = `lb +0 nrw`rc cub tn tab `cv`ftòb n ynur tbrr`df nr pnsdtdnf. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs `fc tab bfbgy t`lbs tab t`ktdk`j t`ktdk` j `cv`ftòb. ▸   Ybsuppjy Ӵ _abf ynu ynu t`lb tdgb tn p`tka p`tka wnufcs, wnufcs, bbc snjcdbrs snjcdbrs,, `fc rbpjbfdsa `rgs, cbkj`rb wabrb ynur rbsnurkbs `rb kngdfo rng `fc cbtbrgdfb ynur Ybj`tdnfsadp Ybj`tdnfsadp wdta tab jb`cbr n ta`t `ssbt nr pj`kb. Sbf rnjj Ka`rg nr Kuffdfo `fc `cc ynur Ybj`tdnfsadp. [= Tnur ufdt ab`js ; a`rg. = Tnur ufdt ab`js 9 a`rg. H= Tnur ufdt ab`js 0 a`rg, iut `tb dftbrvbfbs sngbwabrb bjsb df tab w`r. ▸  [ìntòb Ӵ _abf ynur ynur ufdt ufdt sìntòbs sìntòbs tab nppnfbf nppnfbft, t, rnjj Kuffdfo. [= Kannsb 9. = Kannsb 0, iut ib prbp`rbc nr kngpjdk`tdnf kngpjdk`tdnfs. s. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs. Ӵ Rfcb fcbrgdf rgdfbb tabdr tabdr cbbfsbs. cbbfsbs. Ӵ Knjj Knjj`p `psb sb tabdr tabdr tuff tuffbjs bjs.. Ӵ Undsn ndsnf f tabdr w`tbr w`tbr suppjy suppjy.. Ӵ Cbs Cbstr trny ny tab tabdr dr nnc nnc.. Ӵ Cbs Cbstrn trnyy tabdr tabdr supp suppjdb jdbs. s. Ӵ Cbj Cbjdv dvbr br spdbs spdbs nr nr `ss`ssd `ss`ssdfs. fs. ▸  I`ttjbffbjc Bfka`ftgbft Ӵ _abf ynu ynu k`jj upnf upnf oncs, spdrdts spdrdts,, nr pnwbrs pnwbrs tn turf tab tdcbs n i`ttjb, rnjj [pdrdt. [= Kannsb 9. = Kannsb 0. H= H`tb dftbrvbfbs `fc tab oncs ibkngb `fory. `fory. Ӵ [kujpt tab tbrr`df tbrr`df tn ynur ynur `cv`ftòb `cv`ftòb.. @jjdbc ufdts ufdts t`lb +0 nfonnfondfo tn G`fbuvbr, [knut `fc Y`fob, `fc _dtast`fc [dbob. Ӵ Kursb tab bfbgy bfbgy.. Sby t`lb -0 nfondf nfondfoo tn a`rg. Ӵ Injstb Injstbrr ynur `jjdbs. `jjdbs. Sby t`lb t`lb +0 nfondf nfondfoo tn Npbf I`ttjb, I`ttjb, Ab`vy K`v`jry, K`v`jry, `fc Ibsdbob. I bsdbob. Ӵ [kr [kryy nf tab bfbgy nrkbs. Tnur Tnur `jjdbs t`lb +0 nfondf nfondfoo tn @rtdjjbry `fc Xnjjby Xnjjby ufjbss tab bfbgy ijnkls ynur skrydfo. Ӵ Adcb ynur nrkbs. nrkbs. Tnur Tnur `jjdbs t`lb +0 nfondfo nfondfo tn [ìntòb, [ìntòb, G`fbuvbr, `fc [knut `fc Y`fob uftdj taby bfoòb tab bfbgy.

8?

Nrdodf

Jdst nh Hj`ws [tr`fob… Anw ibùtduj sab w`s. D—vb fbvbr sbbf `fytadfo jdlb abr ibnrb. Iuttbr﬉y wdfos ta`t sp`rljbc jdlb oj`ss, nur bybs ta`t st`rbc tarnuoa gb, `fc ` sjbfcbr, pndsbc ffourb ta`t sbbgbc `s jdoat ` b`tabr wabf sab w`jlbc. Gdrrnr sa`rcs df abr wdfos sanwbc abr nwf rb﬉bktdnf, `fc sab wnujc nhbf stnp tn `cgdrb dt wdta ` sdoa. @ str`fob v`df ibùty sab trujy w`s. B`ka ﬉`w ds df injc. Hj`w dfcujobfkbs `rb jdstbc `hbr b`ka ﬉`w ﬉`w,, iut ynu k`f dfcujob ynur ynur ﬉`w df ` w`y ta`t g`lbs sbfsb df tab sdtu`tdnf, bvbf d ta`t p`rtdkuj`r dfcujobfkb dsf—t dsf—t nf ynur jdst, must kabkl wdta tab OG. ▸  K`f—t Yb`c tab @dr. Ybg`df nijdvdnus tn tab gnnc n tab sdtu`tdnf, s`y sngbtadfo nut n pj`kb, dftbrrupt sngbtadfo dgpnrt`ft nr dftdg`tb. ▸  Krb`turb Kngnrts. Hdfc ` knzy pj`kb tn kurj up, onrob onrob nf ` `vnrdtb nnc, t`lb ` f`p. ▸  Krubjty. Cbstrny sngbtadfo ibùtduj, aurt sngbnfb `fc bfmny dt, rbvbj df sngbnfb—s suﬅbrdfo. ▸  Bfvy.  `lb `lb sngbtadfo ynu jdlb rng sngbnfb, obt tab t ab ibttbr n sngbnfb bjsb—s mny, wrbkl tabdr ìdjdty tn bfmny tab tadfo.

Nur ﬉`ws g`lb prbc`tnr `fc prby n us `jj.

81

Jdst nh Hj`ws ▸  Orbbc. @kqudrb ` tadfo n orb`t v`jub tarnuoa t arnuoa `fy gb`fs, t`lb sngbtadfo ta`t dsf—t ynurs, ﬉ùft ynur wb`jta. ▸   Auirds. Dofnrb w`rfdfos, iujj str`doat dftn c`fobr, `jj i`kl nf fntadfo iut knfffcbfkb. ▸  Dcb`jdst. On wdta w dta tab f`îvb snjutdnf, cdsibjdbvb pntbftd`j c`fobrs, kjdfo tn dffnkbfkb df tab `kb n tab truta. ▸   Dgp`tdbfkb. Uusa p`st ntabrs `fc cn dt `fyw`y, sldp prbp`r`tdnf `fc gnvb nrw`rc, ka`rob df wdtanut tanuoat nr c`fobr. ▸  Dfsbfsdtdvb. Dofnrb tab fbbcs n `fntabr, ojnss nvbr sngbnfb—s bbjdfos, `dj tn fntdkb ynu—vb nﬅbfcbc sngbnfb. ▸  Just. H`wf nvbr sngbnfb `jjurdfo, `ttbgpt `ttbgpt tn sbcukb s bcukb ynur t`robt, ibc sngbnfb `ttr`ktdvb. ▸  Nisbssdnf. H`jj i`kl nf rbpbtdtdnf rbpbt dtdnf nr tab prnpbr nrcbr n tadfos, kjdfo tn sngbtadfo ta`t rbjdbvbs tab `fxdbty, `fxdbty, try tr y tn ruf nr adcb rng tab dftrusdvb tanuoats. ▸   Ubrbktdnfdst. [pbfc gnrb tdgb ta`f t a`f ynu a`vb nf dt, rbpb`t dt nvbr `fc nvbr uftdj dt—s rdoat, ijnw bxtr` rbsnurkbs nf bfsurdfo pbrbktdnf. ▸   Ubttdfbss. `lb sngbnfb tn t`sl nvbr ` sjdoat, rbusb `f nijdo`tdnf uftdj tab wrnfo ds rdoatbc, trb`t sngbnfb p`ssdvb-òorbssdvbjy. ▸  Urdcb. Krusa `f `ttbgpt `ttbgpt nf ynur orb`tfbss, in`st n ynur orb`tfbss tn ntabrs, cbfy `fy wrnfocndfo. ▸   Ybkljbss. Yusa df ab`cjnfo, on rdoat r doat nr tab gnst bxkdtdfo tadfo, cbgnfstr`tb ` j`kl n p`tdbfkb. ▸   Ydv`j. Tnur rdv`j ib`ts ynu tn tab pufka, taby sbfc rbdfnrkbgbfts tn ynur bfbgy, a`vb `f `rougbft wdta ynur rdv`j. ▸  [bkrbt Lbbpbr. Anjc i`kl tn prntbkt ynursbj, cbfy ` p`dfuj truta, cbsdof nr bxbkutb ` pj`f df sbkrbt. ▸  bgpbr. Cdsprnpnrtdnf` Cdsprnpnrtdnf`tb tb rbtrdiutdnf, g`lb ` skbfb s kbfb nut n ` sjdoat, ﬉y dftn ` cbstruktdvb ròb. ▸  brrdijb dgdfo. [anw up `t tab wrnfo gngbft, gdss tab `ktdnf bftdrbjy, odvb `f nppnfbft ` onjcbf nppnrtufdty. ▸  sufcbrb. Uj`y a`rc tn obt, rb`kt rb`k t tn bgi`rr`ssgbft wdta òorbssdnf, t`lb `f dfsujt tn ynur jnvb nr ynursbj pnnrjy. ▸  X`fdty. H`wf nvbr ynur `ppb`r`fkb, spbfc tdgb jnnldfo ynur ibst, ibkngb cdstr`ktbc iy ynursbj.

84

Nrdodf

[t`ts B`ka st`tdstdk ds ` sdfojb fugibr rbprbsbftdfo ta`t g`fy sdx-sdcbc cdkb (c8). _abf ynu `rb tnjc tn rnjj ([t`t) ynu rnjj ta`t g`fy cdkb `fc knuft up `jj tab cdkb ta`t `rb 3+. [ngbtdgbs tab OG wdjj odvb ynu ` cd﬋kujty fugibr (CF), ntabr tdgbs taby wdjj fnt. D taby cn fnt, tab CF ds `ssugbc tn ib 0.

Sb OG tbjjs @rlnr` tn rnjj Ka`rg. @rlnr`—s Ka`rg ds ; (nr ;c8), sn sab rnjjs ;c8, obttdfo ` 9, 3, `fc 2. wn n tabsb `rb 3+, sn tab rnjj ds ` 9. [dfkb tab OG cdcf—t cdcf—t s`y dt w`s ` Jbobfc`ry rnjj, sab obts ` [ukkbss.

Cdh C dhkuj kujt ty

Fugibr Fu gibrss D tab OG cnbsf cn bsf—t —t f`gb ` cd﬋kujty n ` t`sl, `ssugb tab t`sl ds Abrndk / CF 0. Sds gb`fs ta`t nhbf 5 ds ` `djurb, 0 ds ` tdb, t db, `fc 9 ds ` sukkbss. ▸ Abrndk / CF 0= Sb cbùjt cd﬋kujty. Sdfos ta`t `rb a`rc nr gnrt`js, iut cnìjb nr abrndfbs. Kjdgi ` sabbr kjdﬅ, ffoat ` jbssbr cbgnf nr gnfstbr gnfstbr,, nr iboudjb tab t ab tnwfsnjl. ▸ Jbobfc`ry / CF 9= Sdfos ta`t abrndfbs o`df `gb `fc prbstdob nr cndfo. Rsu`jjy dgpnssdijb nr gnrt`js. Dfffjtr`tb ` wbjj-ou`rcbc k`stjb ufsbbf, cbkbdvb ` suspdkdnus gòdk`j krb`turb, i`ttjb ` b`rsngb gnfstbr nr jb`cbr. ▸ Gytadk`j / CF ;= Sby wdjj spb`l n tads nr ` tanus`fc yb`rs. Irdfo cnwf ` k`stjb wdta ` pufka, bfoòb ` orb`t bvdj df

?5

[ukkbss Sarbsan jcs Sa rbsanjcs wnrjc-sa`ldfo kngi`t, kngi`t, sbcukb tab t ab ka`stb qubbf n ` f`tdnf n fygpas. ▸ Cdvdfb / CF 3= Bftdrb rbjdodnfs knujc ib nufcbc `rnufc tab t`jbs pbnpjb tbjj n tads `ktdnf. rdkl rdkl ` onc dftn a`fcdfo a`fcdfo nvbr tabdr pnwbr. _dtast`fc ` sdbob n pnwbruj cbgnfs `fc prntbkt ` tnwf… `jnfb. Srnw ynur psykadk pnwbr ò`dfst ò`dfst tab knsgdk gdfdnfs n ` pnwbr pnnj tn pusa tabg i`kl.

[ukkbss Sarbsanjcs ▸   [ / [ukkbss= Ynjj 6 CF Ӵ H`tb `vnrs ynu wdta wdta `stnufcdfo `stnufcdfo sukkbss. Sb stnry stnry gnvbs nrw`rc. ▸  / db= Ynjj 7 CF Ӵ Tnu obt p`rt n wa`t ynu wbrb `hbr, `hbr, ` oj`fkdfo ijnw, ijnw, nr ` gdjc sukkbss. Sb stnry gnvbs nrw`rc. ▸   H / H`dj= Ynjj : CF Ӵ Rsu`j su`jjy jy yn ynu u obt obt sngbtadfo  iut iut tab prdkb ds ab`vy. H`tb dftbr vbfbs df ynur `ttbgp `ttbgptt `fc tab OG tbjjs ynu wa`t kngpjdk` kngpjdk`tdnfs tdnfs `rdsb. Tnu Tnu `jsn g`rl Bxpbrdbfkb `fc tab t ab stnry gnvbs nrw`rc.

Urdg`ry [t`ts ▸  @jbrtfbss Ӵ Yb﬉bxd Yb﬉bxdvb, vb, or`kbuj, or`kbuj, sa`rp sa`rp,, kjbvbr, kjbvbr, sg`rt. Ӵ Y`fobc= Cdrbkt-ffrb, jdfb-n-sdoat, cncob. ▸  Ka`rg Ӵ Ubrsu`sd Ubrsu`sdvb, vb, `ssbrtdvb, `ttr`ktdvb, `ttr`ktdvb, suitjb, or`kdnus, dfspdrdf dfspdrdfo. o. Ӵ [nkd`j= sbcuktdnf, jb`cbrsadp, cbkbptdnf, bgp`tay. ▸   Unwbr Ӵ @oorbssdvb @oorbssdvb,, nrkbuj, nrkbuj, stbrf, strnfo, strnfo, vdnjbft, vdnjbft, gb`f. Gbjbb= jbb= Hdoatdfo kjnsb, ijnkldfo. Ӵ  Gb ▸ Kuffdfo Ӵ K`jkuj`td K`jkuj`tdfo, fo, gbtancdk`j, gbtancdk`j, r`tdnf r`tdnf`j, `j, kjb`rab`cbc kjb`rab`cbc,, k`jg Ӵ [tb`jta= bv`sdnf, sknutdfo, tr`kldfo ▸   [pdrdt Ӵ Usy Usykadk, kadk, gòdk`j, dfqudsdtdvb, dfqudsdtdvb, bxpjnr`tnry bxpjnr`tnry,, str`fob, jukly jukly,, `tbuj Ӵ  @r @rk`fb= k`fb= Dfcdrbkt, w`rcdfo, gòdk

?0

Nrdodf

@ssdofdfo @ssdof dfo Ur Urdg`r dg`ry y [t` [t`ts _abf ynu iudjc ynur ka`r`ktbr, ka`r`ktbr, ynu—jj `ssdof kbrt`df v`jubs tn ynur [t`ts. [dfkb tabrb `rb ffvb [t`ts, tabrb t abrb `rb ffvb v`jubs nr ynu tn `ssdof= ;c8, 9c8, 0c8, 0c8, 5c8

Tnu cnf—t rnjj tabsb cdkb ybt, tabsb `rb tab `ktu`j [t`t v`jubs. Tnu rnjj tabg wabf ynu usb us b ` Gnvb ta`t rbjdbs nf ta`t [t`t. Tnu k`f `ssdof b`ka n tabsb tn wadkabvbr [t`ts ynu w`ft. Kabkl ynur Gnvbs Gnvbs sbb wa`t [t`ts ynu wdjj jdlbjy fbbc, `fc `ssdof ynur adoabr v`jubs tn tansb [t`ts.

[bknfc`ry [t`ts ▸   Ybj`tdnfsadps Ӵ Tnu k`f a`vb up tn tn 3 Ybj`tdnfsadps Ybj`tdnfsadps `t ` tdgb. B`ka Ybj`tdnfsadp Ybj`tdnfsadp a`s ` t`robt `fc ` tò, `fc ds nfb-cdrbktdnf`j, cbskrdidfo nfjy ynur bbjdfos tnw`rcs ta`t pbrsnf, fnt tab rbvbrsb. Tnu kannsb tab t`robt, tabf wnrl nut wa`t tò g`lbs sbfsb, usu`jjy usu `jjy wdta tab t`robt ka`r`ktbr. Ӵ Abr Abrbb `rb sngb s`gp s`gpjb jb Ybj`tdnf Ybj`tdnfsadp sadp tòs= tòs= Yng`fkb, Cdsoust, Cdstrust, Hb`r, Just, Ybput`tdnf, Adstnry, Cdskrdgdf`tdnf, U`kt, Srust, Knghnrt, X`ss`j, Jnrc, G`stbr, [brv`ft

Ӵ Ybj`tdnf Ybj`tdnfsadps sadps `rb `rb fnt fnt pbrg`fbft, pbrg`fbft, taby ka`fob ka`fob nvbr nvbr tdgb. Ybsnjvdfo tabg ds ` lby p`rt n o`dfdfo Bxpbrdbfkb. Ybsnjvbc rbj`tdnfsadps `rbf—t onfb, taby—rb sdgpjy fnt `s nrbrnft `s Ybj`tdnfsadps ta`t `rb kurrbftjy df pj`y. Ӵ Ybj` Ybj`tdnf tdnfsadp sadpss `rb rbsnjvbc rbsnjvbc `t `t tab tab bfc n ` sbssdnf. sbssdnf. B`ka pj`ybr jnnls nr Ybj`tdnfsadps Ybj`tdnfsadps ta`t a`vb ibbf g`cb onnc nf nr `rb fn jnfobr rbjbv`ft, rbjbv`ft, `fc cdskussbs tads t ads wdta tab t`robt. D inta pj`ybrs òrbb ta`t dt g`lbs sbfsb, ta`t t a`t Ybj`tdnfsadp Ybj`tdnfsadp ds rbsnjvbc. Sb pj`ybr k`f tabf rbpj`kb dt wdta ` fbw Ybj`tdnfsa Ybj`tdnfsadp dp `fc st`rt tab prnkbss nvbr. Knfstbjj`tdnf ▸   Ab`jta Knfstbjj`tdnf Ӵ Tnu ibodf pj`y pj`y wdta 8 knffbktbc Ab`jta Ab`jta st`rs. ӴӴ   Sby rbptrbsbft rbprbsbf ynurjdfbs afbs b`jta `frg `fc c wnufcs. wnuf cs.bjj`tdnf Knffbkt Knffbk st`rstwdta jdab`jta tn nrg n ` knfstbjj` knfst tdnf wdta wdta tab rdoat fugibr n st`rs.

?9

[bknfc`ry [t`ts Ӵ _abf ynu ynu t`lb a`rg, a`rg, g`rl nﬅ ta`t ta`t fugibr fugibr n st`rs. Ӵ D `jj ynur ynur st`rs `rb `rb g`rlbc, ynu `rb `rb lfnklbc nut nut `fc rbgnvbc rbgnvbc rng tab ffoat ufjbss sngbnfb rbvdvbs ynu, `fc ynu rbgnvb 0 ab`jta st`r pbrg`fbftjy. Ӵ [bb Ybknvbrdfo Ybknvbrdfo Ab`jta df tab Mnurfby Mnurfby ka`ptbr ka`ptbr nr nr gnrb dfnr dfnr-g`tdnf. ▸  _djjpnwbr Knfstbjj`tdnf Ӵ Tnu ibodf pj`y wdta 9 knffbktbc _djjpnwbr _djjpnwbr st`rs. Ӵ Sby rbprbsbft ynur ynur ìdjdty tn st`vb st`vb nﬅ ynur ròdk ròdk Hj`w. Hj`w. Ӵ Knffbkt st`rs st`rs wdta jdfbs jdfbs tn nrg ` knfstbjj knfstbjj`tdn `tdnf f wdta tab rdoat rdoat fugibr n st`rs. Ӵ _abf ynu ynu g`rl _djjpnwbr _djjpnwbr,, ffjj df ` st`r. st`r. Ӵ Kjb`r `jj st`rs `t tab tab bfc n tab sbssdn sbssdnf. f. Ӵ Br`sb ` st`r d ynu— ynu—rb rb tnjc tn tn kjb`r _djjpnwbr _djjpnwbr.. ▸  Bxpbrdbfkb Knfstbjj`tdnf Ӵ Tnu ibodf pj`y pj`y wdta fn Bxpbrdbfkb Bxpbrdbfkb st`rs. Ӵ Sby tr`kl anw anw guka guka Bxpbrdbfkb Bxpbrdbfkb ynu ynu a`vb. a`vb. Ӵ _abf ynu ynu g`rl g`rl Bxpbrdbfkb, Bxpbrdbfkb, ffjj df ` st`r st`r. Ӵ _abf ynu spbfc Bxpbrdbf Bxpbrdbfkb, kb, br`sb br`sb st`rs. st`rs. Ӵ Sbrb `rb `rb ffvb w`ys w`ys tn G`rl G`rl Bxpbrdbfkb= Bxpbrdbfkb= ¼ G`rl Bxpbrdbfkb wabf ynur Hj`w ds Dfvnlbc. ¼ G`rl Bxpbrdbfkb wabf ynu kannsb tn dfcujob ynur Hj`w   `fc t`lb Bxpbrdbfkb. ¼ G`rl Bxpbrdbfkb wabf H`tb Dftbrvbfbs nf nfb n ynur rnjjs. ¼ G`rl Bxpbrdbfkb wabf ynu Ybsnjvb ` Ybj`tdnfsadp. ¼ G`rl Bxpbrdbfkb wabf nfb n ynur Ybj`tdnfsadps Ybj`tdnfsadps ibkngbs tab nkus n ` skbfb. ▸  Onjc Ӵ @ gb`surb n n tab pbrsnf`j wb`jta ynu a`vb a`vb dggbcd`tb dggbcd`tb `kkbss tn. Ӵ Tnu spbfc onjc tn upor`cb `fc iuy fbw @rgnr, @rgnr, _b`pnfs, _b`pnfs, nnjs, `fc Ybsnurkbs. [bb tab t ab Bqudpgbft sbktdnf n tads ka`ptbr nr [t`rtdfo Bqudpgbft Iucobts `fc dfnrg`tdnf nf `rgs, `rgnr, `fc tnnjs. Ӵ Onjc ds gnst gnst nhbf k`rrdbc k`rrdbc iy ka`r`ktbrs df tab nrg nrg n rb`rb`surb, `t ` 0-tn-0 r`tdn. ▸   Hb`jty Ӵ @ gb`surb n n tab rbspbkt `fc jny`jty ynu ynu kngg`fc. kngg`fc. Ӵ Tnu ibodf pj`y pj`y wdta fn fn Hb`jty= dt gust gust ib b`rfbc. Ӵ Tnu spbfc Hb`jty tn ufc gdjdt`ry ufdts. [bb tab @rgy tìjb df df Bqudpgbft nr gnrb dfnrg`tdnf.

?;

Nrdodf G`fy abrndfbs sbrvb orb`tbr pnwbrs, pnwbrs, G`fy abrndfbs bdtabr nut n anfnr nr fbkbssdty.

?3

Ka`r`ktbr Gdskbjj`fy

Ka`r`ktbr Gdskbjj`fy Gdskbj j`fy [ngb dtbgs `rb fnt rbqudrbc nr ynur ka`r`ktbr, iut g`y abjp urtabr cbfffb tabg. Sbsb dtbgs `rb nptdnf`j. nptdnf`j. ▸ J`f J`fou ouò òbs bs [p [pnl nlbf bf ▸ Obf Obfcbr cbr,, [bx, Ybp Ybprnc rncuktd uktdnf nf ▸ H` H`gdj gdjyy [trukt [trukturb urb & Gbgi Gbgibrs brs ▸ Ur Urn nbss bssdn dnfs fs & Ani Aniid idbs bs

Bqudpgbft Sb qubbf ﬉dkls `fntabr sabjj kndf nﬅ tab `rg n abr tarnfb. Dt st`rts `s ` zdp snufc `s tab kndf ﬉dbs nﬅ tab nrf`tb, wnvbf tarnw cr`pbc sn a`pa`z`rcjy `krnss tab sb`t. Dt bfcs wdta ` kjdfl `s tab kndf adts tab str`fob, gbt`j `rgnr n tab fbwkngbr. Sb qubbf tadfls sab anjcs cngdfdnf abrb, iut tads sknut, tads gbrb cdpjng`t wb`rs prntbktdnf ta`t knujc cb﬉bkt `fy ijnw nur ibst snjcdbrs knujc gustbr. _a`t d `jj tabdr snjcdbrs `rb bqudppbc sn> Bqudpgbftt ds p`dc nr wdta onjc. @rkabtypbs a`vb spbkdffk onjc iucBqudpgbf obts nr _b`pnfs, @rgnr, nnjs, `fc Ybsnurkbs. @s ka`r`ktbrs o`df rb`surb `fc onjc, taby k`f p`y nr fbw dtbgs nr upor`cb njc nfbs. Rsu`jjy, ufjbss ynu—rb cb`jdfo wdta ` fnijb nr cbgdonc, gnst njl cn fnt k`rry onjc. Dfstb`c, taby obfbr`jjy ibstnw ‚Odhs,‗ wadka `rb nhbf rb`surb nr ntabr dtbgs n v`jub. [ngb ka`r`ktbrs g`y bvbf pjbcob Hb`jty tn ynu, `jjnwdfo ynu tn cr`w nf tabg j`tbr `s gdjdt`ry `ssbts. Odhs `rb odvbf df rb`surb, [brvdkb ds odvbf df Hb`jty. ▸ [d [dg gpj pjbb Hnj Hnjl l Ybw`r Ybw`rc= c= 0 ▸ nwf nw Yw`rc Ybw` bw`rc rc= ▸    Kdty Kd tyfYb Ybw` rc= = 3= 9 ▸ F`t `tdn dnf` f`jj Ybw` Ybw`rc rc== 1

?2

Nrdodf

@ sbjbktdnf i`sdk `rgs `fc `fc sbjbktdnf n i`sdk `rgnr rng sbvbr`j òbs

?8

[t`rtdfo `rtdfo Bqudpgbft Iucobts [t

[t`rtdfo [t`r tdfo Bqu Bqudpgbf dpgbft t Iucobts B`ka @rkabtypb a`s ` cdﬅbrbft iucobt n onjc nr st`rtdfo bqudpgbft. Sb ka`rt sanws anw guka onjc ynu k`f spbfc nf b`ka k`tbonry. @fy ufspbft onjc ds s`vbc `s rb`surb, iut ynu k`f—t usb dt tn iuy bqudpgbft df `fntabr k`tbonry k`tbonry uftdj pj`y st`rts `fc ynu fffc ` pj`kb tn tr`cb. @

_

@

S

Y

[nrkbrbss

9 onjc

0 onjc

2 onjc

9 onjc

[njcdbr

; onjc

3 onjc

9 onjc

0 onjc

[a`cbw`jlbr

3 onjc

9 onjc

9 onjc

9 onjc

[nkd`jdtb Nutj`fcbr

9 onjc 3 onjc

0 onjc 3 onjc

9 onjc 0 onjc

2 onjc 0 onjc

Urdbst

0 onjc

9 onjc

; onjc

3 onjc

Kngp`fdnf

9 onjc

9 onjc

3 onjc

9 onjc

Cbvnurbr

2 onjc

; onjc

0 onjc

0 onjc

_yrcjdfo

9 onjc

9 onjc

; onjc

; onjc

U`kt Gdstrbss

0 onjc

; onjc

9 onjc

3 onjc

[p`rb Onjc Df `ccdtdnf tn tab ynur st`rtdfo bqudpgbf bqudpgbftt iucobt, ynu obt 0 bxtr` onjc ynu k`f spbfc df `fy k`tbonry. Tnu k`f spbfc tads tn iuy bqudpgbft ynu wnujcf—t fnrg`jjy ib ìjb tn `ﬅnrc wdta must ynur st`rtdfo iucobt.

??

Nrdodf

_b`pnfs Bvbry _b`pnf ds i`sbc nf sngb `rkabtypb, nr I`sb _b`pnf.

I _

Còobr

A

9

S

Gbjbb, Y`fobc, Adccbf,

O

0

Jdgdtbc Rsb [wnrc

;

Gbjbb

0

@xb

;

Gbjbb

0

A`ggbr

;

Gbjbb, Krusadfo

0

[pb`r

;

Gbjbb, Hnrg`tdnf

0

M`vbjdf

;

Y`fobc, Jdgdtbc Rsb

0

Unjb`rg

;

Gbjbb, Hnrg`tdnf, S`fojb

9

Inw

;

Y`fobc

0

_`fc

3

@ur`, Y`fobc

9

[t`ﬅ

2

@ur`, Y`fobc

;

Kncbx

8

@ur`, Dfcdrbkt

3

Kj`ws

;

F`tur`j, Gbjbb

0†

H`fos Anrfs

; 3

F`tur`j, Gbjbb F`tur`j, Gbjbb

0† 9†

Irb`ta

3

F`tur`j, Y`fobc, @rb`

3†

† Sb onjc knst n F`tur`j _b`pnfs ds spbft nf nnc, rdtu`js, `jkabgdbs, `fc tr`dfdfo usbc tn irdfo ìnut tabsb ka`fobs. Sby k`f ib `kqudrbc `hbr ka`r`ktbr krb`tdnf.

?1

_b`pnfs Rpor`cbs gncdy tab t ab st`tdstdks n I`sb _b`pnfs. _b`pnfs. Cupjdk`tb tòs a`vb fn bxtr` ibfbfft< ynu k`f jb`vb tabg nﬅ. Tnu k`f—t `ppjy tab s`gb upor`cb gnrb ta`f nfkb, iut ynu k`f a`vb gujtdpjb upor`cbs nf ` sdfojb _b`pnf. R

A

S

O

Anfbc Swn-A`fcbc

+0 +9

Ab`vy

0 0

@cv`fkbc

+9

Hròdjb

0

_`r

+9

Knfkb`jbc

+0

Adccbf

9

J`rob

+0

@rb`

;

Auob

+9

Ab`vy,, @rb` Ab`vy

3

G`fy Sbtr`

+0 +0

@rb` @ur`, @rb`

; ;

Odo`

+9

@ur`, @rb`

3

[w`rg

+0

@ur`, @rb`, Y`fobc

2

9

?4

Nrdodf Ijbssdfos k`f ib sbjbktbc sbjbktb c curdfo pj`y iut k`ffnt ib inuoat df Ka`r`ktbr Krb`tdnf, `s taby tab y rbprbsbft `cv`fkbgbft `cv`fkbgbft rng st`rtdfo ka`r`ktbr ìdjdty jbvbjs. Ijbssdfos k`ffnt ib st`klbc tnobtabr, `s tab Unwbr Un wbr Unnjs rbusb tn ijbss tab t ab s`gb nimbkt.

I

A

S

O

ufcbrdfo

+3

[krb`gdfo [ly [ly,, Irdoat

8

_nrjctrbb

+;

Orbbftdcb, S`fojb,

8

Gbjbb K`fynfg`lbr

+;

Ydvbr Crònfs, Lfnkl-

2

cnwf Xbdjbc

+9

[djlbf, U`rry, Adccbf,

8

Gbjbb [ufsbt

+9

Bvbfdfo, Y`fobc,

2

Ijdfcdfo Ab`rtrufb

+9

Dfl, U`rry, Adccbf,

?

Kursdfo Kadttbrdfo

+9

Ybstjbss Cbptas, Gbjbb,

2

S`fojb O`j`ktdk

+9

Fbiuj`, Y`fobc, @rb`

8

drstdfo

+;

Bvbrijnnc, X`gpdrdk

8

Kbr`gdtb

+;

Rfdhnrgdty,, Ijnkl, Rfdhnrgdty Ij nkl,

?

Ijdfcdfo, Gbjbb Jbobfc`ry

+;

Gyrd`c, U`rry U`rr y, [pdrdt

?

Hnrg Kr`tnf

+2

Orb`t Nfb, Lfnklcnwf, [jnw

15

8

@rgnr r @rgn

@rgn @r gnr r @rgnr rbcukbs dfkngdfo a`rg 0 tn 0. Tnu k`f wb`r nfb [udt n @rgnr, nfb [adbjc, `fc a`vb nfb F`tur`j @rgnr `t tab s`gb tdgb. I @

S  @ S

Jb`tabr Uj`tb

+0 +3

[udt [udt, Ab`vy

0 3

[k`jb

+9

[udt

9

G`dj

+9

[udt, Ab`vy

9

Irdo`fcdfb

+;

[udt

;

[tnfb [ldf

+9

F`tur`j

9†

[k`jy [ldf

+0

F`tur`j

0†

Jdqudc Incy U`rrydfo [adbjc

+; +0

F`tur`j [adbjc, U`rry

;† 9

Ijnkldfo [adbjc

+9

[adbjc, Ijnkl

;

[k`jb X`gir`kbs

+0

[adbjc, F`tur`j‡, U`rry

9†

O

† Sb onjc knst n F`tur`j _b`pnfs ds spbft nf nnc, rdtu`js, `jkabgdbs, `fc tr`dfdfo usbc tn irdfo ìnut tabsb ka`fobs. Sby k`f ib `kqudrbc `hbr ka`r`ktbr krb`tdnf. ‡ Cnbs fnt knuft ò`dfst ynur F`tur`j @rgnr jdgdt, iut cnbs knuft ò`dfst ynur [adbjc jdgdt.

Sb gdfdnfs n tab [krb`gdfo [ly `rb ab`vdjy `rgnrbc.

10

Nrdodf R

@

Nrf`tb

+0

Dgprbssdvb

9

C`rl

+0

[tb`jtay

9

_`r

+9

Ab`vy

9

@fdg`tbc

+0

@ur`, U`rry, Ijnkl

;

Bfbrodzbc

+0

Bfa`fkbc [trbfota

9

Hnrtdffbc

+;

Ab`vy

;

Cdsoudsbc

+0

Dgprbssdvb

9

@fkdbft

+9

Dgprbssdvb, Ab`vy

;

Jbobfc`ry

+;

Dgprbssdvb

3

S

O

@rgnr k`f ib Rpor`cbc `s wbjj. B`ka pdbkb n @rgnr k`f nfjy ib upor`cbc nfkb.

Pubbf bpa`sinr` tab I`sdjdsl, nwfbr n g`fy pnwbruj `rgs `fc `rgnr

19

@rgnr r @rgn @rgnr k`f `jsn ib ijbssbc, tanuoa suka @rgnr ds gnrb r`rb ta`f ijbssbc wb`pnfry. wb`pnfry. @rgnr k`f anjc nfjy 0 ijbssdfo. I

@

Yufdk

+9

S

O

Dfl, Gòdk _`rc,

8

Dgprbssdvb [ygidntdk

+3

Bvbrijnnc, X`gpdrdk,

1

Dgprbssdvb, Bfa`fkbc [trbfota [t`rgbt`j

+3

[krb`gdfo [ly, Irdoat,

?

Ijnkl Xdfbwnnc

+;

Orbbftdcb, Ijnkl,

?

X`gpdrdk [qu`gnus

+;

Ydvbr Crònfs, U`rry,

8

Bfa`fkbc [trbfota Sdgbijur

+3

Bvbfdfo, [tb`jtay, Gòdk

1

_`rc Bfsarnucbc

+9

[djlbf, [tb`jtay [tb`jtay,, U`rry U`rr y,

8

Dgprbssdvb K`r`p`kb

+9

Ybstjbss Cbptas, Bfa`fkbc

3

[trbfota [t`rkjn`l

+;

Fbiuj`, Irdoat, [tb`jtay,

?

Dgprbssdvb Kbr`gdtb

+;

Rfdhnrgdty,, Bfa`fkbc Rfdhnrgdty Bf a`fkbc

8

[trbfota, X`gpdrdk U`fnpjy

+;

Gyrd`c, Bfa`fkbc

8

[trbfota, @fdg`tbc Uj`fbt`ry

+2

Orb`t Nfb, Ijnkl,

?

Bfa`fkbc [trbfota, [jnw

1;

Nrdodf

Sn S nnjs nnjs abjp ynu g`lb tadfos, nrob dtbgs, krb`tb gòdks, `fc dfvbft fbw tbkafnjnodbs. ▸ @jkabgy Bqudpgbft Bqudpgbft (3 onjc) Ӵ @jjnws tab krb`tdnf krb`tdnf n n pntdnfs & gbcdkdfbs `fc `fc bfìjbs tab cdsknvbry n fbw g`tbrd`js. Rsbuj wdta gòdk. Bfìjbs tab krb`tdnf n gòdk upor`cbs nf dtbgs. òs= Dggnidjb, @jkabgy @jkabgy.. ▸   Hnrob (; onjc) Ӵ @jjnws tab krb`tdnf krb`tdnf n n fnf-gòdk`j fnf-gòdk`j upor`cbs nf bqudpgbf bqudpgbft. t. Bfìjbs tab krb`tdnf n sdgpjb tnnjs `fc a`rcw`rb. Rsbuj nr sdbob prbp`r`tdnf & `rgy g`dftbf`fkb. òs= Dggnidjb. ▸  Unwbr [ardfb (; onjc) Ӵ @jjnws knggufdnf knggufdnf wdta ` spbkdffk Unwbr Unwbr Unnj. Unnj. +0 wdta `pprn`pprnprd`tb Gnvbs t`robtdfo tab s`gb Unnj. òs= Dggnidjb. ▸  Ybp`dr Ldt (0 onjc) Ӵ @jjnws tab rbp`dr `fc g`dftbf`f g`dftbf`fkb kb n wb`pnfs, `rgnr `rgnr, `fc cbvdkbs. Rsbuj df sdbobs. òs= Unrtìjb. ▸  Ab`jbr—s Iò  (; (; onjc) Ӵ [pbbcs Ybknvbry Ybknvbry n wnufcs. wnufcs. +0 tn tn Ab`jta Ab`jta ab`jbc iy iy Gnvbs Gnvbs `fc Bqudpgbft. òs= Unrtìjb, Ab`jdfo. ▸  J`fouòb ngb (0 onjc) Ӵ @jjnws tr`fsj`tdnf tr`fsj`tdnf n n tbxts, cbkncdfo n bfkncbc g`tbrd`js, `fc `fc `ssdsts wdta ufknvbrdfo u fknvbrdfo jnrb. òs= Unrtìjb. ▸  Ybodnf`j G`p (0 onjc) Ӵ @jjnws pjnttdfo pjnttdfo n knursbs knursbs `krnss j`fc, sn jnfo jnfo `s tab g`p g`p knft`dfs tab cbstdf`tdnf cb stdf`tdnf.. òs= Unrtìjb, F`vdo`tdnf. ▸  [t`r G`p (9 onjc) Ӵ @jjnws pjnttdfo pjnttdfo n knursbs knursbs `krnss `fy `fy tbrr`df sn jnfo jnfo `s tab st`rs `rb vdsdijb `fc tab jnk`tdnf jn k`tdnf ds lfnwf. òs= Unrtìjb, F`vdo`tdnf. ▸   [ufstnfb (; onjc) Ӵ @jjnws f`vdo`tdnf f`vdo`tdnf rbo`rcjbss n n wb`tabr. wb`tabr. òs= Unrtìjb, F`vdo`tdnf. ▸  Cdoodfo nnjs (0 onjc) Ӵ Udkls, s`ws, crdjjs, sanvbjs, a`ggbrstn a`ggbrstnfbs, fbs, bvbrytadfo ynu— ynu—c fbbc nr ` tuffbj nr bxk`v`tdnf. òs= Unrtìjb. ▸  Knfstruktdnf nnjs (0 onjc) Ӵ [`ws [`ws,, `xbs, kadsbjs, kadsbjs, crdjjs, crdjjs, jbvbrs, jbvbrs, bvbrytadfo ynu ynu fbbc tn iudjc iudjc

13

Snnjs

G`fy fy mnurfbys mnurfbys p`ss tarnuoa tarnuoa `f Rfcbrwnrjc Rfcbrwnrjc nr twn. G`

12

Nrdodf wnncbf nr stnfb iudjcdfos, strukturbs, struk turbs, nr nrtdffk`tdnfs. òs= Unrtìjb. ▸  Ydtu`j @kknutbrgbfts (9 onjc) Ӵ Dfls Dfls,, sb`js, syginjs, syginjs, `fc `fc anjy anjy innls. @jjnws @jjnws ynu ynu tn sbt up sardfbs, ijbss strukturbs, struk turbs, `fc a`jjnw ornufc. [uka `rb`s prnvdcb +0 nfondfo ò`dfst ò`dfst nppnfbfts n tab rbjdodnf. Cnbs C nbs fnt bfìjb b fìjb tab krb`tdnf n _b`pnf nr @rgnr ijbssdfos. òs= Unrtìjb. ▸  I`ttjb G`p (9 onjc) Ӵ @ g`p n n tab ffbjc n i`ttjb, i`ttjb, prbp`rbc prbp`rbc iy sknuts `fc `fc r`fobrs. Urnvdcbs +0 nfondfo tn w`r Gnvbs wdtadf tads `rb`. òs= Unrtìjb.

[tbryf`, ` ibanjcbr tadb `fc [a`cbw`jlbr

18

Ybsnurkbs ▸  r`ps, [f`rbs, `fc Fbts (0 onjc) Ӵ @jjnws ynu ynu tn k`tka sg`jj sg`jj `fdg`js, ffsa, `fc `fc idrcs nr nr nnc. @s jnfo `s ynu k`f usb ynur r`ps, [f`rbs, `fc Fbts, ynu cn fnt rbqudrb prnvdsdnfs prnvdsdnfs df tab wdjc. Nfjy prnvdcbs nr 0 pbrsnf. òs= Unrtìjb, Urnvdsdnfs. ▸  bft (0 onjc) Ӵ Urn Urnvdcbs vdcbs sabjtbr sabjtbr df tab wdjcbrfbs wdjcbrfbsss nr 2 pbnpjb pbnpjb wabf sbt up. up. òs= Unrtìjb, [abjtbr. ▸  Jnrc—s K`fnpy  (3 (3 onjc) Ӵ @s ` bft, bft, iut prnvdcbs prnvdcbs sabjtbr nr nr 05 pbnpjb `fc ds fffbjy urfdsabc. òs= Unrtìjb, [abjtbr, Dgprbssdvb. ▸  rnpadbs (9 onjc) Ӵ @ knjjbktdnf n wb`pnfs, wb`pnfs, `vnrs, `vnrs, `rgnr, `rgnr, prdzbs, `fc sn nf rng ynur v`rdnus cbbcs. Urnvdcbs +0 nfondfo nfondfo nf snkd`j Gnvbs wabf nf cdspj`y. òs= Unrtìjb, Dgprbssdvb. ▸ Ka`jdkb (; onjc) Ӵ [tnrbs ` tdfy tdfy `gnuft `gnuft n bfbroy rng ` onc, onc, Unrtnjdn, Unrtnjdn, nr Unnj. Unnj. òs= @ur`, Unrtìjb, Dgprbssdvb, @jkabgy, Unwbr Unnj.

Ybsnurkbs Ybsnurkbs `rb snurkbs n dfkngb, onncs, `fc sbrvdkbs. sbrv dkbs. [ngb, jdlb ab`jdfo s`jvbs, `rb knfsugbc wabf usbc, wadjb ntabrs, p`rtdkuj`rjy tansb tòobc Hnjjnw Hnjjnwbr br,, nfjy a`vb sn guka tdgb tn cbvntb tn ynur idccdfo. ▸ Knurtdbr (1 onjc) Ӵ Iudjc Iudjcss r`ppnrt r`ppnrt wdta ornups, ornups, `kdjdt`tbs `kdjdt`tbs tr`fs`ktdn tr`fs`ktdnfs fs `fc rbqubsts, `kqudrbs rbsnurkbs `fc suppjdbs, prnvdcbs npbf ka`ffbj wdta rujbrs, dgprbssbs knggnf njl, pbrnrgs snkd`j t`sls nf ynur iba`j, cbbfcs ynur rbput`tdnf, cbjbo`tbs rbspnfsdidjdtdbs rbspnfsdidjdtdbs tn `ssdst`fts. òs= Hnjjnwbr, Dgprbssdvb. ▸  Ab`jbr (? onjc) Ӵ U` U`tka tka wnufcs wnufcs qudkljy= qudkljy= kjb`r 0 g`rlbc Ab`jta Ab`jta st`r. st`r. [bvbr`j Anur Ybknvbry= ab`js `jj g`rlbc Ab`jta st`rs. òs= Hnjjnwbr, Ab`jdfo. ▸   Ybt`dfbr (; onjc) Ӵ G` G`fò fòbs bs cbbfsbs, cbbfsbs, nvbrsbbs nvbrsbbs & g`fò g`fòbs bs `ssbts, `ssbts, sbrvbs `s ` ou`rc, nkk`sdnf`jjy `ssdsts ynu df kngi` kngi`t. t. òs= Hnjjnwbr. ▸  Kr`hsg`f (2 onjc) Ӵ Urnc Urncukbs ukbs ` spbkdffk typb typb n onnc, prnvdc prnvdcbs bs sg`jj iut iut stb`cy

1?

Nrdodf dfkngb, g`dft`dfs ` sanp, g`y cbvbjnp iusdfbss knffbktdnfs. òs= Uj`kb, Hnjjnwbr. ▸   Cbf (0 onjc) Ӵ Urn Urnvdcbs vdcbs sabjt sabjtbr br `fc s`bty s`bty nr 9-3 9-3 pbnpjb. pbnpjb. òs= Uj`kb, [abjtbr. ▸   H`rg (; onjc) Ӵ Urnc Urncukbs ukbs jdvbstnkl jdvbstnkl `fc `fc krnps, g`y g`y a`vb rdcdfo rdcdfo `fdg`js. `fdg`js. òs= Uj`kb, Urnvdsdnfs. ▸  nwf (05 onjc) Ӵ Urn Urnvdcbs vdcbs gncbr`tb gncbr`tb stb`cy dfkngb dfkngb,, nﬅbrs gnst gufc`fb gufc`fb sbr vdkbs, a`s ` kaurka n ynur ynur rbjdodnf. òs= Uj`kb, Urnvdsdnfs. ▸   Hnrt (02 onjc) Ӵ Cbbfsdijb iy iy nfb ufdt, knft`dfs knft`dfs stnklpdjbs stnklpdjbs n suppjdbs nr sbvbr`j gnftas, a`s `gbfdtdbs nr ffbjcdfo ufdts, cbbfcs jnk`j jnk `j str`tbodk rbsnurkbs `fc iyw`ys, usbuj usb uj nr stnrdfo tadfos s`bjy. s`bjy. òs= Uj`kb, Hnrtdffbc, Urnvdsdnfs. Urnvdsdnfs. ▸ K`stjb (92 onjc) Ӵ @s ` Hnrt, Hnrt, iut guka strnfobr strnfobr cbbfsbs cbbfsbs `fc j`robr stnklpdjbs. stnklpdjbs. G`dft`dfs G`df t`dfs 9 ufdts df o`rrdsnf. G`ssdvb pnjdtdk`j `ssbt. òs= Uj`kb, Hnrtdffbc, Dgprbssdvb, Urnvdsdnfs. ▸  Kdty  (;5 (;5 onjc) Ӵ Urn Urnvdcbs vdcbs j`rob j`rob stb`cy dfkngb dfkngb,, nﬅbrs `jj gufc`fb gufc`fb sbrvdkbs `fc sngb `rk`fb, knffbkts g`mnr tr`cb rnutbs. G`ssdvb pnjdtdk`j `ssbt. òs= Uj`kb, Urnvdsdnfs. ▸  Bjìnr`tb _`rcrnib (0 Onjc) Ӵ @wbs knggnf knggnf njl, njl, innsts gnr`jb n `jjdbc gdjdt`ry ufdts df ynur prbsbfkb, tdjts fbontd`tdnfs df ynur `vnr. òs= Dgprbssdvb. ▸  Nisbrv`tnry Gnfugbft (02 onjc) Ӵ @jjnws nrbk`stdfo nrbk`stdfo n st`rs, stnrgs, wb`tabr wb`tabr,, `fc Unwbr Unwbr Unnjs. òs= Uj`kb. ▸  Ybjdodnus Dknf (0 onjc) Ӵ Innsts gnr`jb gnr`jb n `jjdbs `jjdbs wan njjnw njjnw tads rbjdodnf rbjdodnf,, cbgnr`jdzbs cbgnr`jdzbs nppnfbfts n tab rbjdodnf. òs= Dgprbssdvb, Unrtìjb. ▸  rb`surb (0 onjc) Ӵ djts fbontd`tdnf fbontd`tdnfss df ynur `vnr `vnr,, tr`fsbrrìjb tn `fc `fc rng onjc. onjc. Nhbf wb`rìjb. òs= Dgprbssdvb, Unrtìjb. ▸  Pu`jdty @kknggnc`tdnfs nr ` Gnfta (0 onjc) Ӵ Kngnrtìjb, pjb`s`ft, pjb`s`ft, rbj`xdfo. rbj`xdfo. D D ynu rbst abrb abrb nr tab bftdrb pbrdnc, `jj wnufcs `rb ab`jbc. òs= Fbontdìjb, Knfsugbc, Urnvdsdnfs. ▸  Pu`jdty Nvbrj`fc r`fspnrt`tdnf (0 onjc) Ӵ Kngn Kngnrtìjb rtìjb,, qudkl, s`b. s`b. Ou`rcs Ou`rcs wdjj w`rf ynu d tab k`r`v`f k`r`v`f

11

@rgy y @rg kngbs ufcbr `tt`kl. òs= Fbontdìjb, Knfsugbc. ▸  Nvbrj`fc Urnvdsdnfs (0 onjc) Ӵ Crdbc r`tdnfs, w`tbr w`tbr,, wdfb, `fc `fc knnldfo dgpjbgbfts dgpjbgbfts nr 0 pbrpbrsnf nr 0 gnfta. òs= Unrtìjb, Knfsugbc, Urnvdsdnfs. ▸  [tnrdbs `fc [nfos (0 onjc Ӵ `jbs, jyrdks, wnfcbr, wnfcbr, `fc tab dfstrugbfts tn prncukb tabg. Sbsb p`rtdkuj`r p`rtdku j`r t`jbs `rb dftbrbstdf dftbrbstdfoo `fc v`juìjb bftbrt`dfgbft nr tansb wan a`vb fnt ab`rc tabg. òs= Ubrnrg`fkb, Unrtìjb, Knfsugbc. ▸  @jkabgdk [njutdnfs (9 onjc) Ӵ @jjnws ynu ynu tn cdssnjvb sngb sngb nrgs n n wrdttbf, p`dftbc, p`dftbc, bfor`vbc, nr `jkabgdk gòdks. òs= @jkabgy, Unrtìjb, Knfsugbc. ▸  @ggufdtdnf (0 onjc) Ӵ @jjnws ynu ynu tn rbpj`kb nr rbstnrb rbstnrb `f `f dtbg wdta wdta tab Jdgdtbc Rsb Rsb tò. òs= Unrtìjb, Knfsugbc. ▸  Ab`jdfo [`jvb (0 onjc) Ӵ Ab Ab`js `js 0 Ab`j Ab`jta ta st`r st`r wabf usbc. usbc. òs= Unrtìjb, Ab`jdfo, Knfsugbc. ▸  Odhs `fc dcdfos (0 onjc) Ӵ rb`surb ds `jj wbjj `fc `fc onnc, iut tads ds `r gnrb pbrsnf`j. pbrsnf`j. djts fbontd`tdnfs df ynur `vnr. òs= Unrtìjb, Dgprbssdvb, Knfsugbc. ▸  J`rob r`ps (0 onjc) Ӵ r`ps, sf`rbs, sf`rbs, `fc pdt`jjs pdt`jjs j`rob bfnuoa tn k`pturb ` krb`turb pbrsnf-sdzbc nr j`robr. j`robr. Knft`dfs bfnuoa nr ; usbs us bs pbr onjc. òs= r`p, Knfsugbc, Urnvdsdnfs. ▸  @rk`fb r`p (9 onjc) Ӵ [pbjj [pbjjs, s, skrnjjs, skrnjjs, rufbs, `fc `fc kursbs usbuj usbuj nr trdoobrdfo trdoobrdfo i`jbuj i`jbuj gòdk nf tansb nnjdsa bfnuoa tn gbccjb. òs= r`p, @ur`, Knfsugbc. ▸  Bssbfkb [tnfb (9 onjc) Ӵ _abf usbc, ` orb`t orb`t ibdfo n ynur ynur kandkb wdjj or`ft ynu ynu 0 usòb n ` Gnvb n dts kandkb. Rsdfo tab stnfb cbbpbfs ynur infc wdta ta`t ibdfo. òs= @ur`, Knfsugbc, @jkabgy, Unwbr Unnj.

@rg @r gy @rgdbs `rb ornups n w`rrdnrs. Fnrg`jjy, Fnrg`jjy, `rgdbs `rb ufcbc wdta ` Ybsnurkb k`jjbc ‚Hb`jty.‗ Sby ufktdnf sdgdj`rjy tn UKs, `fc cb`j `fc bxka`fob a`rg nf tab s`gb jbvbj `s tabg. Rsu`jjy, ynu wdjj usb _`r Gnvbs wdta tabg.

14

Nrdodf Rfdts ta`t jnsb `jj tabdr Ab`jta `rb Cbb`tbc, wadka ds tab s`gb `s ` ka`r`ktbr ibdfo Lfnklbc Nut. Rfjdlb UKs, taby cn fnt jnsb Ab`jta st`rs pbrg`fbftjy, pbrg`fbftjy, dfstb`c taby t aby k`ffnt ib ffbjcbc ò`df uftdj ynu spbfc 0 Hb`jty tn r`jjy tabg. R

S

Knfskrdpts Drrbouj`rs

A

@

A

H

Unnrjy Bqudppbc Unnrjy Bqudppbc

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8 ?

0 9

[knuts

[tb`jtay

3

9

1

;

I`ri`rd`fs

Unnrjy Bqudppbc,

2

;

4

;

2

3

4

3

_bjj Bqudppbc

8

3

00

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@rkabrs

Y`fobc

3

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Gòd

Dfcdrbkt, @rtdjjbry

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Ujufcbrbrs Dfh`ftry Bjdtb Ka`gpdnfs

Ybj`tdnfs D lfbw tab prnpabky ibnrb D gbt abr, n knursb, `fc D cdcf—t ibjdbvb dt. _an wnujc `jj nr suka ` str`fob krb`turb, jbt `jnfb `t ffrst sdoat> sdoat> Iut ta`t— ta`t—ss bx`ktjy wa`t D cdc, must `s tab prnpabky prnpabky prbcdktbc. @fc D st`ybc wdta abr rdoat up uftdj sab ibtr`ybc gb, must `s tab prnpabky prbcdktbc. Ybj`tdnfsadps nrg tab i`klinfb n tab stnry `fc `rb vdt`j tn cbYbj`tdnfsadps fffdfo anw ` ka`r`ktbr ffts dftn tab wnrjc. Ybj`tdnfsadps Ybj`tdnfsadps tdb ka`r`ktbrs tnobtabr, tnobtabr, ufdtdfo tabg wdta infcs `fc sbp`r`tdfo tabg wdta cdsknrc. Sby `jjnw ynu tn g`lb gbka`fdk`j usb n `spbkts n ynur ka`r`ktbr ta`t wnujc ntabrwdsb ntabr wdsb must ib rnjb-pj` rnjb-pj`ydfo ydfo g`tbrd`j.

45

Dftrncu ncuktdnfs ktdnfs Dftr

Dftrn Dftr ncu cuktd ktdnfs nfs Nfkb tab ka`r`ktbrs `rb bstìjdsabc, tab OG wdjj ibodf sbttdfo tab skbfb iy cbskrdidfo cbskr didfo tab sdtu`tdnf sdtu`tdnf tab ka`r`ktbrs fffc tabgsbjvbs df. Sds ds cr`wf cdrbktjy rng tab Dggbcd`tb Srb`t kansbf df tab Nrdodf ka`ptbr. Sb OG wdjj on `rnufc tab tìjb, ka`r`ktbr iy ka`r`ktbr, `fc odvb b`ka nfb ` ka`jjbfob, prnijbg nr c`fobr tn `kb `s `f dftrncuktdnf. Rsb tads `s ` ka`fkb tn cbskrdib ynur ka`r`ktbr—s pbrsnf`jdty, `ppb`r`fkb, i`klornufc, `fc pnwbrs. _adjb ynu—rb cndfo tads, tab ntabr pj`ybrs wdjj cbkdcb wabtabr tn krb`tb ` Ybj`tdnfsadp Ybj`tdnfsadp wdta ynu. Sds ds ` cd`jnoub, sn g`lb surb ynu cdskuss tab Ybj`tdnfsadp wdta tabg tn bxpjnrb dt, d nfjy ` jdttjb. Sb OG g`y `jsn dftrncukb vdjj`dfs, dgpnrt`ft dgpnrt`ft FUKs, nr ornups sn ta`t ynu ynu k`f `ssdof Ybj`tdnfsadps wdta tabg `s wbjj. n krb`tb ` Ybj`tdnfsadp, sdgpjy fntb ` ka`r`ktbr—s f`gb `fc ` sdgpjb wnrc wnrc nr par`sb ta`t cbskrdibs ynur  rbj`tdnfsadp rbj`tdnfsadp wdta ta`t pbrsnf, ornup, nr bftdty. Tnu k`f t`lb up tn 3 Ybj`tdnfsadps `t ` tdgb. Hnr gnrb dfnrg`tdnf, dfnrg`tdnf, sbb [bknfc`ry [bknfc`r y [t`ts df Nrdodf. @s tab skbfb knftdfubs, tab OG wdjj `jsn `sl qubstdnfs tn abjp cbvbjnp dcb`s `fc dfmbkt ntabr ka`r`ktbrs. Sbsb qubstdnfs `rb dftbfcbc tn prnvnlb cdskussdnf `fc ufknvbr cbt`djs ìnut inta ynur ka`r`ktbr `fc tab wnrjc `rnufc tabg.

Krb`tdfo FUKs _abf ` fbw FUK ds krb`tbc, tab OG wdjj w djj `sl sbvbr`j tadfos ìnut ta`t fbw ka`r`ktbr. ▸ _a`t _a`t——s tab ka`r`ktbr—s ka`r`ktbr—s f`gb> Sds ds rbqudrbc. rbqudrbc. ▸ _a` _a`tt ds tabdr r`kb nr wa`t wa`t `rb tabdr b`turb b`turbs> s> Sds k`f ib cbvbjcbvbjnpbc j`tbr. ▸ _a` _a`tt kujturb `rb `rb taby rng> rng> Sds k`f ib cbkdcbc nr rbvb`jbc rbvb`jbc j`tbr j`tbr.. ▸ _a` _a`tt ds tabdr pbrsnf`jdty pbrsnf`jdty jdlb> jdlb> Sds ds usbuj `fc `fc rbknggbfcb rbknggbfcbc, c, iut fnt rbqudrbc. ▸ _a` _a`tt a`vb taby cnfb cnfb ò`dfst ò`dfst nr nr nr tab UKs> Sds ds rbqudrbc. rbqudrbc.

40

Mnurfby rfby Mnu

Nrcnrfnvdd-[nrc`v` ds ` pj`kb n pdjordgòb `fc `skbfsdnf. `skbf sdnf.

49

Mnurfby urfby Mn

Mn M nurf rfby by _a`t jdbs ibynfc> Nvbr tab fbxt adjj, nr nvbr tab nfb `hbr ta`t> Hnrtufb nr cb`ta> H`gb nr niskurdty> Anw wdjj D lfnw d D w`dt nr tab suf tn sbt nf `fntabr w`stbc nppnrtufdty> n tab vdktnr, tab spndjs. Sbrb `rb g`fy pdt`jjs pdt`jjs `jnfo tab w`y w`y,, iut tads sbktdnf s bktdnf wdjj oudcb ynu. Abrb Abrb ynu wdjj jb`rf tab t ab v`rdnus dfs `fc nuts ynu fbbc tn g`lb ynur w`y df tab wnrjc.

Hdktdnf-Crdvbf

Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob ds ` knfvbrs`tdnf. Sb OG prbsbfts tab pj`ybrs wdta sdtu`tdnfs, bfvdrnfgbfts, bfvdrnfgbfts, prnijbg prnijbgs, s, ka`r`ktbrs, bfbgdbs, `fc ka`jjbfobs, `fc tab pj`ybrs kannsb tab p`tas ta`t tabdr ka`r`ktbrs t`lb tarnuoa tab wnrjc.

Sb rujbs `fc tab stnry suppnrt b`ka b `ka ntabr. Guka n tab o`gb tdgb g`y ib t`lbf up iy `ktdvdtdbs ta`t cnf—t bvbf k`jj nr cdkb rnjjs, wadka ds fffb. Ntabr tdgbs, tab rujbs wdjj ib `gidounus. Df tabsb sdtu`tdnfs, sdtu`tdnf s, on wdta wa`t g`lbs sbfsb df tab knftbxt n tab stnry. Tnu g`y `jsn sbfsb fffc sdtu`tdnfs wabrb rujbs `jjnw sngbtadfo cnbsf—t cnbsf —t g`lb df tab t ab ffktdnf< ontab wdta wa`t g`lbs sbfsb. ta`t Sb stnry dtsbj crdvbs guka n tab rujbs df tab o`gb. Sb ffktdnf cbtbrgdfbs wabtabr tab @ur` tò nf ` _b`pnf ds dgpnrt`ft df tab skbfb. Sb ffktdnf cbtbrgdfbs wa`t tab bfvdrn bfvdrnfgbft fgbft ds jdlb `fc wabtabr dt abjps nr a`gpbrs tab ka`r`ktbrs. Df g`ttbrs n tab Hdktdnf nutsdcb tab rb`jg n tab UKs, tab OG ds tab fff`j `ridtbr `ridtbr..

4;

Mnurfby rfby Mnu

C`fo C`f obr-Jdgdtbc br-Jdgdtbc,, Fn Fnt Sdgb-Jdgdtbc @fntabr dgpnrt`ft `spbkt n tab o`gb ibdfo ffktdnf-crdvbf ds ta`t `ktdnfs `rb fnt tdgb-jdgdtbc tdgb-jdgdtbc tab w`y taby `rb df turf-i`sbc o`gbs. urf-i`sbc o`gbs obfbr`jjy odvb tab UKs ` jdgdtbc `gnuft n stuﬅ taby k`f cn df ` odvbf pbrdnc. Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob ds cdﬅbrbft. cdﬅbrbft. Dfstb`c, dt jdgdts tab `gnuft n stuﬅ tab UKs k`f cn wdta c`fobr c `fobr `fc rdsl. D ` UK `sls anw `r taby k`f ruf, tab `fswbr ds jdlbjy tn ib `s `r `s taby w`ft, sn jnfo `s tabrb—s fntadfo tn stnp tabg. Iut d tabrb ds sngbtadfo tn stnp tabg, taby—jj taby—j j ib jdgdtbc iy ta`t `ktnr `fc tabdr sukkbss nr `djurb tn nvbrkngb ta`t nist`kjb.

Hjnw

Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob ds fnt jdlb g`fy rnjb-pj`ydfo o`gbs ta`t rbjy nf turfs, rnufcs, nr ufdts n tdgb tn cbtbrgdfb wan k`f `kt wabf. Dt ds ﬉udc `fc cyf`gdk. Dt ds ` kngpjbx knfvbrs`tdnf ibtwbbf tab UKs `fc tab OG.

Rsu`jjy su`jjy,, tab o`gb wdjj ﬉nw `s ` sbrdbs n bxka`fo bxka`fobs bs ibtwbbf tab OG `fc tab pj`ybrs, wdta tab t ab OG prbsbftdfo sngb ka`jjbfob nr prnijbg `fc nfb nr gnrb n tab UKs stbppdfo up tn prnpnsb `f `ktdnf. Sb `ktdnfs `k tdnfs `rb tabf rbsnjvbc, bdtabr usdfo Gnvbs nr sdgpjb òrbbgbft (df tab k`sb n sdgpjb nr ufnppnsbc `ktdnfs). Sb OG cbskrdibs tab t ab bﬅbkts `fc prng prngpts pts tab pj`ybrs ò`df `fc tab kykjb k ykjb rbpb`ts.

Ynjj I`sdks Sb st`fc`rc rnjj ds pbrnrgbc iy rnjjdfo ` fugibr n sdx-sdcbc cdkb bqu`j tn tab v`jub n nfb n tabdr st`tdstdks, nr \[t`tWc8. B`ka cdb df tab rnjj ds kabklbc tn sbb sb b d dt ds 3 nr adoabr. [uka cdkb `rb knuftbc up `s tab rnjj v`jub. Sb rnjj v`jub ds kngp`r kngp`rbc bc wdta tab t ab Cd﬋kujty Fugibr, Fugibr, (`jsn Cd﬋kujty nr CF).

43

Gnvb vb I`sdks Gn ▸ D tab tab rnjj rnjj ds adoabr ta`f tab CF, CF, tab rnjj rnjj ds ds ` [ukkbss. Tnu sukkbbc `t wa`tbvbr dt ds ta`t ynu wbrb `ttbgptdfo tn cn. Sds g`y dfvnjvb dfvn jvb `sldfo qubstdnfs, ka`fodfo ka`fodfo tab ffktdnf, cb`jdfo a`rg, nr ` anst n ntabr tadfos. ▸ D tab tab rnjj rnjj ds bqu`j tn tn tab CF, CF, tab rnjj rnjj ds ds ` db. Obfbr`jjy, tads gb`fs ynu obt sngb pnsdtdvb bﬅbkt, iut fnt `s guka `s ynu gdoat a`vb ntabrwdsb, nr ynu—rb ynu—rb nrkbc tn g`lb ` cbkdsdnf. ▸ D tab rnjj ds jnwbr jnwbr ta`f ta`f tab CF, CF, tab rnjj rnjj ds ` H`djurb. Nhbf, tab Gnvbb wdjj spbkdy Gnv spb kdy ta`t `tb dftbrvbfbs nf ` `djurb, gb`fdfo ta`t tab OG wdjj cbskrdib cbs krdib anw sngbtadfo onbs pnnrjy wdta tab `ttbgpt, anw tab skbfb a`s ka`fobc, nr anw sngb fbw prnijbg a`s `rdsbf.

Gnvb Gn vb I`sdks I`sdks Gnvbs bfk`psuj`tb tab pnwbrs n ynur ka`r`ktbr. [ngb `rb sdgpjy ﬉`t infusbs ta`t `dc ynu p`ssdvbjy, p`ssdvbjy, wadjb ntabrs `rb `ktdv`tbc `kt dv`tbc wabf ynu cnstdjj sngbtadfo spbkdffk. Nt abrsdf`rb Ntabrs òorbssdvb `fcstrukntabrs `rb snkd`j nr rng`ftdk f`turb. G`fy`ktdnfs, G`fy Gnvbs `rb turbc `rnufc tab i`sdk rnjj `s cdskussbc ìnvb, iut fnt fnt `jj `rb. [ngb Gnvbs Gnv bs cdstdfoudsa ibtwbbf Uj`ybr Ka`r`ktbrs (UKs) `fc Fnf-Uj`yFnf-Uj`ybr Ka`r`ktbrs (FUKs) ibkùsb tab rujbs `rb cdﬅbrbft nr b`ka. Sb OG wdjj fnt rnjj cdkb ò`dfst ynu. Dfstb`c tab OG pdkls CFs i`sbc nf tab t`sl t `sl `t a`fc. D tab OG cnbs fnt spbkdy ` CF, `ssugb ta`t tab t`sl ds Abrndk / CF 0. S`t gb`fs ta`t guka n tab tdgb, ` 5 ds ` gdss, ` 0 ds ` tdb, `fc ` 9+ ds ` sukkbss.

Nppnsbc Ynjjs

[ngbtdgbs UKs pbrnrg Gnvbs nf b`ka ntabr dfstb`c n nf FUKs. _abf tads a`ppbfs, tab OG g`y g`lb tab rnjj Nppnsbc. Sds gb`fs ta`t tab pbrsnf pbrnrgdfo tab Gnvb rnjjs cdkb cdrbktjy ò`dfst tabdr nppnfbft. Sb OG wdjj sbjbkt sbjb kt wadka [t`t ds `ppjd `ppjdkìjb kìjb `fc inta pj`ybrs rnjj tabdr cdkb. Sb cbbfcbr—s rnjj `kts `s tab CF nr tab òorbssnr— òorbss nr—ss Gnvb rnjj. rnj j.

42

Mnurfby rfby Mnu

Ynjj Infusbs Infusbs _abfbvbr ` Gnvb Gnvb nr bﬅbkt s`ys s `ys ta`t ynu obt +Q nr -Q tn ` rnjj nr Gnvb, ta`t fugibr ds `ccbc tn tab rnjj—s nutkngb, fnt tab fugibr n cdkb rnjjbc. Infusbs `rb taus vbry bﬅbktdvb bﬅbk tdvb `t innstdfo ynur ìdjdty tn `kkngpjdsa ntabr Gnvbs.

Ynjjdfo 5c8 _abf ` UK trdbs tn rnjj ` [t`t ta`t taby a`vb zbrn cdkb df, tadfos wnrl ` jdttjb cdﬅbrbftjy. Dfstb`c n rnjjdfo sbvbr`j cdkb `fc knuftdfo up tab cdkb ta`t `rb 3+, tab UK rnjjs 0c8, anpdfo nr ` 8. S`t obts tabg nfjy 0 sukkbss, sn tab ibst taby—rb jdlbjy tn cn ds db nf ` Gnvb rnjj.

Hnrw`rc & Nfondfo Tnu g`y `jsn ib tnjc tn t`lb +/-Q ‚nrw`rc‗ nr ‚nfondfo.‗ Sds gb`fs ynu obt ` fugbrdk`j infus tn tab tnt`j rnjj nf sngb nrg n `ktdnf, bdtabr nr ynur fbxt rnjj (nrw`rc) nr uftdj tab bﬅbkt kb`sbs nr ibkngbs drrbjbv`ft (nfondfo). (nfondfo). Hnrw`rc `fc nfondfo infusbs infusbs nfjy bﬅbkt `ktdnfs rbj`tbc tn tab Gnvb ta`t prncukbc tabg. Sb `ppjdkìdjdty `ppjdkìdjdty `fc cur`tdnf n tab bﬅbkt b ﬅbkt ds `t i`sbc i`s bc nf tab `ktdnf `fc sdtu`tdnf, `fc ds `ridtr`tbc iy tab OG.

Anjc [ngb Gnvbs (nr tab OG) g`y tbjj ynu tn ‚anjc‗ ` kbrt`df fugibr, obfbr`jjy nr nf ` spbkdffk t`robt. G`lb ` fntb n tab t`robt `fc tab anjc, `s wbjj `s tab snurkb d ynu fbbc tn. Anjc ds obfbr`jjy spbft tn pbrnrg ntabr nr ‚jnsb dfcukb ntabr bﬅbkts. _abf ynu ynur j`st pndft n `ktdnfs anjc, ynu ynur anjc‗ nf tab tadfo df spbfc qubs-

48

Kannsb tdnf. nfondfo nfondfo bﬅbkts ta`t t a`t `rb g`dft`dfbc g`dft`dfbc iy anjc j`st uftdj u ftdj tab bfc   n wa`tbvbr `ktdnf kùsbs ynu tn spbfc ynur j`st pndft n dt.

Kannsb Kannsdfo nptdnfs ds cdﬅbrbft rng anjc. Anjc `jjnws ynu tn g`lb tab cbkdsdnf n wadka nptdnf ynu pdkl j`tbr, `s jnfo `s ynu a`vb anjc tn spbfc. Kannsb Kanns b nptdnfs rbqudrb ynu tn g`lb ynur sbjbktdnfs sbjbk tdnfs `s p`rt n tab `ktdnf. [ngbtdgbs tab bﬅbkts n tab sbjbktdnf gdoat t`lb tdgb, iut ynu cnf—t obt tn kngb i`kl tn dt j`tbr jdlb ynu cn wdta anjc.

Gujtdpj Guj tdpjbb [bjbktdnf

_abfbvbr ` Gnvb a`s ynu pdkl rng ` jdst n dtbgs, ynu k`f sbjbkt s bjbkt `fy dtbg `fy `fy fugibr n tdgbs ufjbss tab ffrst sbjbktdnf s bjbktdnf wnujc g`lb j`tbr sbjbktdnfs n tab s`gb dtbg fnfsbfsdk`j. Tnu wnujcf—t, nr bx`gpjb, t`lb ‚Sb ‚ Sb Unwbr cnbsf—t  dfv`cb dfv`cb ynur gdfc tbgpnr`rdjy‗ sbvbr`j tdgbs t dgbs wabf usdfo tab _dtka Gnvb. Gnvb.

[t`kldfo C`gòb [bjbktdnfs _abfbvbr ynu sbjbkt `f nptdnf ta`t df﬉dkts +/-Q A`rg, nr ntabrwdsb gncdffbs tab `gnuft n c`gòb ` Gnvb Gnvb cnbs, knuft up `jj a`rg rng ta`t Gnvb, tabf `ppjy @rgnr. @rgnr nfjy `ppjdbs tn Cb`j A`rg nfkb. Sds cnbsf—t cnbsf—t `ppjy `ppjy tn sbjbktdnfs sbjb ktdnfs ta`t spbkdffk`jjy `jjnw ynu tn Cb`j C b`j A`rg gujtdpjb tdgbs= b`ka tdgb ynu Cb`j A`rg, @rgnr `ppjdbs.

4?

Mnurfby rfby Mnu

Nrcbr nh Npbr`tdnfs [ngbtdgbs wabf ynu g`lb ` Gnvb ta`t `jjnws ynu tn kannsb sbvbr`j nptdnfs, sngb n tansb nptdnf nptdnfss gdoat df﬉ubfkb ntabr sbjbktdnfs. Obfbr`jjy, Obfbr`jjy, ufjbss tab OG w`fts tn cbskrdib cbs krdib tab nutkng nutkngbb n bvbrytadfo `jj `t nfkb nr sngb rb`snf, tab bﬅbkts n ynur sbjbktdnfs a`ppbf df tab nrcbr ynu s`y taby cn nr tab nrcbr ynu pdkl tabg df.

Fbo`tdvb Fbo` tdvb [bjbktdnfs Sbrb `rb sngb sbjbktdnfs df sngb Gnvbs ta`t ta`t `rb par`sbc `s ‚Sds ‚ Sds tadfo fnt  a`ppbf.‗ a`ppbf.‗ Gnvbssbjbkt dgpjy ta`t tab D i`c tadfo `vndc cnbs cn dfcbbc a`ppbf dSbsb a`ppbf ynu cnf—t ta`t dtbg. tabrb `rbtaby sbvbr`j fbo`tdvb sbjbktdnfs, tabf t abf taby `jj `j j a`ppbf d ynu cnf—t cnf—t sbjbkt `fy n tabg.

Rfjdlb abr pbbrs, U`foj` prbbrs tn rbg`df gnidjb r`tabr ta`f auflbr cnwf ufcbr abr `rgnr.

41

Sòs òs S

S` S òs òs cbfffb `ttrdiutbs n nimbkts df tab o`gb wnrjc. Ynjbpj`y tabg `kknrcdfojy. Tnu gdoat, nr bx`gpjb, usb tab Krusadfo tò nf ` a`ggbr `s ` w`y tn irb`l cnwf ` cnnr, nr rbfcbr sngbnfb ijdfc wdta ` _b`pnf ta`t ds Ijdfcdfo. [ngb tòs `rb onnc `fc ntabrs `rb i`c, iut g`fy k`f ib bdtabr cbpbfcdfo nf tab sdtu`tdnf. Ijdfcdfo @rgnr, nr bx`gpjb, ds ` pnnr kandkb nr bspdnfòb. Obfbr`jjy, wabtabr ` tò—s bﬅbkts kngb dftn pj`y ds cbtbrgdfbc iy tab sdtu`tdnf `fc tab ornup ornup,, iut d tab dssub ibkngbs knftbftdnus, knftbftdnus, tab OG g`y k`jj nr ` Ydsly Urnpnsdtdnf. Sds ds gnrb knggnf wdta _b`pnf `fc @rgnr tòs, nr bx`gpjb wabf ynu `ttbgpt tn usb ` _b`pnf tn U`rry `f nppnfbft—s ijnw.

Y`fob

Y`fob ds ` ldfc n tò wdta spbkdffk gbka`fdk`j prnpbrtdbs= taby cbtbrgdfb wabtabr sngbnfb k`f Cb`j A`rg i`kl tn ynu wabf ynu Bxka`fobb A`rg wdta tabg. Bxka`fo

Sbrb `rb tarbb r`fob i`fcs. 0. Gbjbb ([wnrcs, ([wnrcs, spb`rs, `xbs, kj`ws, btk.) 9. Y`fobc (Inws, m`vbjdfs m`vbjdfs,, tarnwf wb`pnfs, irb`ta wb`pnfs, btk.) ;. Dfcdrbkt ([pbjjs, kursbs, tr`ps, btk.)

_b`pnfs a`vb ` cbùjt r`fob n Gbjbb. _b`pnfs k`ffnt Cb`j A`rg `t r`fobs taby `rb fnt tòobc wdta. Must `s ynu k`f—t adt sngbnfb rng `krnss tab i`ttjbffbjc wdta ` fnrg`j swnrc, ynu k`f—t sannt ` inw pndft ij`fl `t `f nppnfbft wdta ` swnrc ibkùsb taby—jj stì ynu ibnrb ynu obt tab sant nﬅ. D ` r`fob ds fnt jdstbc, `ssugb dt ds Gbjbb. Obfbr`jjy, tab `tt`klbr cbtbrgdfbs tab r`fob `f `tt`kl nkkurs Obfbr`jjy, nkku rs `t iy gnvdfo dftn ta`t r`fob ibnrb Cb`jdfo nr Bxka`fodfo a`rg.

44

Mnurfby rfby Mnu

Fbontd` Fbon td`td tdnfs nfs & Kngp`rdsnfs Kbrt`df pdbkbs n bqudpgbft `fc dtbgs g`y tdjt fbontd`tdnfs df ynur `vnr nr dfcdk`tb sngb ntabr kngp`rdsnf kngp`rdsnf.. _abf tads t ads a`ppbfs, sdgpjy knuft up tab `ppjdkìjb `ppjdkìjb dtbgs nr tòs `fc sbb wan a`s tab gnst, `fc iy anw guka. Rsb tads tn dfnrg tab rnjbpj`ydfo `fc wabtabr Gnvbs bvbf fbbc tn ib irnuoat dftn dt. D ynu—rb kngp`rdfo wdta `f FUK, tab OG wdjj wdj j bdtabr tbjj ynu wa`t taby—vb ont nr cbskrdib anw ynur nﬅbr `rbs.

Uufkadfo, Ldkldfo, `fc Kj`wdfo [ngbtdgbs ynur ka`r`ktbr ds cbskrdibc `s a`vdfo kj`ws nr spdlbs spdlbs bvbf tanuoa ynu cnf—t a`vb `f `pprnprd`tb F`tur`j _b`pnf `s bqudpgbft, iut ynu obt dftn ` skuffib `fyw`y. Df tabsb k`sbs, ynu k`f obfbr`jjy usb Gbjbb, Ydsly Urnpnsdtdnf, Urnpnsdtdnf, nr Bxka`fo Bxka`fobb A`rg wdta ` obfbrdk 0 a`rg F`tur`j Gbjbb _b`pnf.

_`r `fc _`r S` S `ktd ktdks ks _`r sdtu`tdnfs df Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob cn fnt dfvnjvb gdfd`turbs nr cdst`fkb rujbrs< taby wnrl bx`ktjy tab t ab s`gb `s ntabr sdtu`tdnfs sdtu`tdn fs bxkbpt ta`t tab UKs wdjj jdlbjy ib knftrnjjdfo gnrb ta`f must tabdr nwf ka`r`ktbr. ka`r`ktbr.

055

Ybknvbrdfo Ab`jta `ktdk`j kandkbs df Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob `rb gnrb nkusbc nf ynur nptdnfs, `ktdnfs, tabdr nutkngbs, `fc tab sdtu`tdnf r`tabr ta`f tab p`rtdkuj`r p`rtdku j`r pj`kbgbft n ufdts. Hj`fldfo ds `kkngpjdsabc wdta tab G`fbuvbr Gnvb, nr bx`gpjb. _abf ` _`r Gnvb rbbrs tn ` ‚ufdt,‗ tab UK k`f usb bdtabr tabdr nwf ka`r`ktbr nr  `f `f `rgy ufdt ufcbr tabdr knftrnj. Ynjjs `rb g`cb usdfo tab UK—s [t`ts.

Ybknvbrdfo Ab`jta _dtanut nutsdcb abjp, sngb wnufcs rbknvbr nvbr tdgb. D ynu wbrb dfmurbc iut fnt fnt `jj n ynur st`rs wbrb ffjjbc, ynu wdjj g`lb ` ujj rbknvbry.. D `jj ynur st`rs wbrb ffjjbc, rbgnvb nfb st`r rng ynur rbknvbry knfstbjj`tdnf. Tnu rbknvbr 0 st`r pbr c`y n kngpjbtb rbst, nr 0 st`r pbr twn c`ys n p`rtd`j rbst. D ynu cn fnt rbst, ynu cn fnt rbknvbr wnufc st`rs, ufjbss sngbnfb ab`js ynu nr tab sbssdnf bfcs.

G`rldfo G`rldf o Bxpbrdbfkb Tnur ka`r`ktbr sabbt a`s `f Bxpbrdbfkb Knfstbjj`tdnf nf dt wdta ` fugibr n bgpty st`rs. _abf ynu `rb tnjc tn g`rl Bxpbrdbfkb, Bxpb rdbfkb, ffjj df nfb n tabsb st`rs. Sds abjps ynu lbbp tr`kl n anw guka Bxpbrdbfkb ynu a`vb tn spbfc. ▸ G` G`rl rl Bxpbrd Bxpbrdbfk bfkbb wabf wabf ynur ynur Hj`w ds Dfvnlbc. ▸ G` G`rl rl Bxpbrdb Bxpbrdbfkb fkb wabf wabf ynu ynu kannsb kannsb tn dfcujob ynur Hj`w  `fc `fc t`lb Bxpbrdbfkb. ▸ G`r `rl l Bxpbrd Bxpbrdbf bfkb kb wabf wabf H`tb Dftbrvbfbs nf nfb n ynur rnjjs. ▸ G` G`rl rl Bxpbrd Bxpbrdbfk bfkbb wabf wabf ynu ynu Ybsnjvb ` Ybj`tdnfsadp. ▸ G` G`rl rl Bxpbrdbfkb Bxpbrdbfkb wabf nfb n n ynur Ybj`tdnf Ybj`tdnfsad sadps ps ibkngbs ibkngbs tab nkus n ` skbfb.

050

Mnurfby rfby Mnu

[pbfcdfo Bxpbrdbfkb Nfkb ynu—vb ynu—vb `kkuguj`tbc sngb Bxpbrdbfkb, Bxpbr dbfkb, ynu k`f spbfc dt tn `c v`fkb ynur ka`r`ktbr. ka`r`ktbr. Sds g`y kngb df tab nrg nrg n ibttbr [t`tdstdks, fbw Gnvbs, nr gnrb Ab`jta. _abf ynu spbfc Bxpbrdbfkb, br`sb ta`t fugibr n ffjjbc df st`rs rng ynur ka`r`ktbr sabbt.

Iuydfo Gnvbs Tnu k`f `kqudrb fbw Gnvbs iy iuydfo tabg wdta Bxpbrdbfkb. B`ka Gnvb Gn vb knsts 2 Bxpbrdbfkb, `t wadka pndft ynu bxpj`df ` idt ìnut anw ynu `kqudrb tads fbw ìdjdty `fc g`rl dt nf ynur sabbt.

Dfkrb`sdf Dfkr b`sdfo o [t`tdstdks Tnu k`f dfkrb`sb ynur [t`ts usdfo Bxpbrdbfkb. n upor`cb ` [t`t, p`y Bxpbrdbfkb bqu`j b qu`j tn wa`t tab fbw sknrb wnujc ib. Tnu k`f nfjy upor`cb ` [t`t nfb pndft `t ` tdgb. ▸ 5c 5c88 -6 -6 0c8 0c8== 0xp 0xp ▸ 0c8 88 -6 --6 9;c8 9;xp ▸   0c 9c8 9c -6 6 9c8 ;c8= c8=== 9xp ;xp xp ▸ ;c ;c88 -6 -6 3c8 3c8== 3xp 3xp ▸ btk.

Ab`jta U`y 3 Bxpbrdbfkb U`y Bx pbrdbfkb `fc dfkrb`sb ynur Ab`jta Knfstbjj`tdnf iy 0.

059

_djjpnwbr wbr _djjpn

_djjpnwb _djj pnwbr r U`y 8 Bxpbrdbfkb `fc dfkrb`sb ynur _djj _djjpnwbr pnwbr Knfstbjj`tdnf iy 0.

Ka`fodfo Hj`ws U`y 9 Bxpbrdbfkb `fc ka`fob ynur Hj`w `fc dts Dfcujobfkbs. _nrl wdta tab ornup tn sanw anw tads jnnls df ka`r`ktbr, `s pbnpjb cnf—t ka`fob `t tab crnp n ` a`t.

Ntabr Ybw`rc rcss Bxpbrdbfkb ds fnt tab nfjy tadfo pbnpjb o`df tarnuoa tab knursb n tabdr `cvbfturbs.

Onjc _abf abrndfbs s`vb njl, sngbtdgbs taby `rb rbw`rcbc wdta w dta odhs. _abf abrndfbs `rb sbft nf qubsts, tabrb `rb nhbf trb`surbs tn ib nufc `jnfo tab w`y. _abf w`rs `rb nuoat, tn tab vdktnr on tab spndjs. Onjc ds `f ìstr`kt gb`surb n anw guka wb`jta ` ka`r`ktbr a`s `kqudrbc. Onjc g`y ib lbpt df wa`tbvbr jnk`j kurrbfky ku rrbfky ds `pprnprd`pprnprd`tb, nr g`y ib stnrbc `s rb`surbs, b`ka wnrta 0 onjc. Onjc ds gnstjy usbc tn p`y nr fbw bqudpgbft, nr tn upor`cb bxdstdfo bqudpgbft. Uurka`sdfo `fc upor`cdfo bqudpgbft k`f nfjy ib cnfb `t `pprnprd`tb `kdjdtdbs< ynu k`f—t iuy ` fbw Odo` Kncbx df tab gdccjb n `f bgpty pj`df, ynu—jj ynu—jj fbbc tn fffc ` gòb wan k`f g`lb nr sbjj nfb tn ynu. Hnr sngb upor`cbs, dt g`y g`lb gnrb sbfsb tn knfsdcbr dt ` ‚tr`cb df‗ r`tabr ta`f ` paysdk`j ka`fob tn tab nrdodf`j dtbg. [uoobstbc jbvbjs n bqudpgbf bqudpgbftt `kkbss `rb `s njjnws= ▸  nwf= Fnf-@ur` _b`pnfs, @rgnr , nnjs, `fc Ybsnurkbs up tn 0 onjc df v`jub.

05;

Mnurfby rfby Mnu ▸  Kdty = Fnf-@ur` _b`pnfs, @rgnr, nnjs, Ybsnurkbs, `fc upor`cbs up tn ; onjc df v`jub. ▸   [pbkd`jdst= @fy upor`cb wdtadf tabdr spbkd`jty. ▸  bgpjb= Ijbssdfos `pprnprd`tb tn tab Unwbr Unnj.

Hb`jty [trbfota `ttr`kts tab t ab strnfo. Nfkb ynu ynu—vb —vb cbgnfstr`tbc cbgnfstr`tbc ynur strbfota tn ntabrs, ynu g`y fffc ynursbj knjjbktdfo knjjbk tdfo ` o`tabrdfo n w`rrdnrs. Sbsb w`rrdnrs w`rr dnrs kngb df tab nrg n @rgy Rfdts, Rfdts, `fc `rb p`dc nr wdta Hb`jty. Tnu k`f a`vb `s g`fy nr `s bw ufdts `s ynu k`f `ﬅnrc, `fc ynu k`f nro`fdzb nr o`rrdsnf tabg anwbvbr ynu jdlb. Iy cbùjt, tab prdkb n ` Rfdt g`lbs ` bw `ssugptdnfs ìnut dts nro`fdz`tdnf= ▸ Sby `rb rbb rbb tn t`lb wa`t wa`t taby wdsa rng rng cbb`tbc cbb`tbc bfbgdbs. bfbgdbs. ▸ Sby `rb `rb trb`tbc trb`tbc wdta wdta `drfbss `drfbss `fc `fc mustdkb. mustdkb. ▸ Sby `rb suppjdbc suppjdbc wdta wdta nnc `fc w`tbr w`tbr,, nr `rb `rb pbrgdttbc tn auft `fc o`tabr tabdr nwf. ▸ Sby `rb odvbf odvbf rbst rbst rng tdgb tn tdgb tdgb tn prbvbft prbvbft i`ttjb i`ttjb `tdoub. `tdoub. ▸ Sby a`vb a`vb ` ufdt jb`cbr wan njjnws njjnws ynur nrcbrs nrcbrs `fc kngg`f kngg`fcs cs tabg df i`ttjb. H`djdfo tabsb i`sdk rbqudrbgbfts usu`jjy gb`fs ynu—jj H`djdfo ynu—jj a`vb tn spbfc bxtr` Hb`jty tn rbt`df tab ufdt.

Ybj`tdnfsadps

Ybj`tdnfsadps wdta dgpnrt`ft nr dftbrbstdfo pbnpjb `rb nhbf tab rbYbj`tdnfsadps sujt n qubsts `fc abrndsg. Ybj`tdnfsadp tòs k`f ib `ccbc tarnuoanut pj`y, pj`y, bspbkd`jjy wabf w abf ynu ufknvbr sbkrbts n FUKs nr ntabr UKs. Sb OG g`y `jsn or`ft ynu Ybj`tdnfsadp tòs upnf tab t ab kngpjbtdnf n t`sls. Snuoa ynu k`ffnt iuy `fytadfo wdta Ybj`tdnfsadp tòs, taby `rb dfabrbftjy v`juìjb. v`juìjb. Sby k`f npbf cnnrs nr ynu, `jjnw `j jnw ynu tn obt abjp, nr odvb ynu `f bcob nf nppnfbfts.

053

Kr`htdfo Sadfos

Kr`htdfo Sadfos Sadf os _abf ynu cbkdcb tn g`lb sngbtadfo, bdtabr tarnuoa dfvbftdfo nr cdsknvbrdfo sngbtadfo fbw, nr iy krb`tdfo sngbtadfo `jrb`cy-bstìjdsabc, tbjj tab OG wa`t ynu dftbfc tn g`lb. Sb OG wdjj pdkl sbvbr`j prnijbgs nr prbrbqudsdtbs rng tab jdst ibjnw, wadka g`y ib bdtabr dfkjusdvb nr bxkjusdvb. ▸ Tnu nu—jj —jj fbbc ^^^ [t` [t`tdstdk tdstdk.. ▸ Dt wdjj wdjj t`l t`lbb ^^^ ^^^ tdgb tdgb.. ▸ Hdrst Hdrst,, ynu a`vb a`vb tn tn ffourb nut anw anw tn tn kr`h ^^^. ^^^. ▸ Tnu wdjj fbbc fbbc tab `ssdst`fk `ssdst`fkbb n ^^^. ^^^. ▸ Dt wdjj wdjj kns knstt ^^^ ^^^ onjc onjc.. ▸ Tnu k`f nfjy krb`tb krb`tb ` sdgpjbr sdgpjbr vbrsdnf. vbrsdnf. ▸ Cndf Cndfoo sn wdjj gb`f gb`f irdfdfo irdfdfo rdsl rdsl cnwf nf nf ynursbj ynursbj nr nr ntabrs. ntabrs. ▸ Tnu wdjj fbbc ^^^ ^^^ Ybsnurkb Ybsnurkb ffrst. ffrst. ▸ Tnu wdjj fbbc ^^^ ^^^ nnj nnj ffrst. ffrst. ▸ Dt wdjj t`lb guka guka pr`ktdkb pr`ktdkb nr rbpbtdtd rbpbtdtdnf. nf. ▸ Tnu wdjj fbbc fbbc tn usb ^^^ `s r`w r`w g`tbrd`j. g`tbrd`j. Tnu `rb fnt jdgdtbc tn kr`hdfo paysdk`j nimbkts. Tnu k`f krb`tb fbw gòdks, fbw dcb`s, pbrnrg`fkbs, nr must ìnut `fytadfo bjsb. Nfkb `jj prbrbqudsdtbs `rb `kkngpjdsabc, `kkngpjdsabc, ynu g`lb tadfo, `fc tab t ab OG wdjj `ssdof dt st`tdstdks nr cbskrdib dts usbujfbss. usb ujfbss.

I`j`fkb Cnf—t wnrry tnn guka ìnut tab i`j`fkb n tab gbka`fdks. _dtadf ` knupjb n sbssdnfs, wa`t tab UKs a`vb cnfb wdjj a`vb g`cb gbgnry n `fy `ttbgpt `ttbgpt tn i`j`fkb tab systbg. Dfstb`c, jbt tab OG nkus nku s nf sadhdfo tab spntjdoat rng ka`r`ktbr tn ka`r`ktbr df suka ` w`y ta`t bvbrynfb obts tab skrbbf tdgb taby w`ft. Y`tabr ta`f tadfldfo ìnut i`j`fkb `s ` sk`jb upnf wadka tadfos t adfos `rb `jw`ys wbdoabc, tadfl n dt dfstb`c jdlb cyf`gdk tbfsdnf. _abf nfb tadfo bxp`fcs nr knftr`kts, sngbtadfo bjsb ka`fobs. OG—ss rb`ktdnf tn tab UK—s usb n tabdr pnwbr.Nhbf, ta`t wdjj ib tab OG—

052

H`tb

058

H`tb

H`tb D `g `tb dtsbj. D wb`r cbstdfy `s gy kjn`l, `fc D g`lb prnpabky kngb trub. D spb`l rdccjbs tn tab wdsb `fc pj`kb w`jjs ibnrb tab strnfo. _abrb D wdsa tabrb tn ib ` gnuft` gnuft`df, df, ` gnuft`df tabrb ds. _abrb D wdsa tabrb tn ib ` ldfocng, ` ldfocng rdsbs. @fc wabf D wdsa dt, `jj ds w`sabc df ijnnc. Tnu `rb tab O`gb G`stbr. Tnur mni ds tn prnvdcb tab ntabr a`j n tab knfvbrs`tdnf knfvbrs`tdnf wdta tab UKs. Sb UKs `rb tab Abrndfbs `fc Abrnbs n tab wnrjc, `fc ynu `rb tab wnrjc dtsbj. Tnu kngg`fc tab bfbgy nrkbs, nrkbs, spb`l nr tab FUKs, `fc cr`w cnwf tab c`rlfbss.

@o @ obfc bfc` `

▸ Kngpjdk`tb tab ka`r`ktbrs— ka`r`ktbrs— jdvbs= Sbsb `rb tab Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob. Fntadfo nr tabg ds sdgpjb. Sbdr jdvbs `rb rdb r db wdta knf﬉dkt `fc c`fobr. ▸   G`lb tab Hdrst @ob kngb `jdvb= Tnu, `s tab OG, irb`ta jdb dftn tab wnrjc. [bw tab t ab wnrjc wdta cbt`dj `fc `ktdnf, sn ta`t t a`t tab pj`ybrs `rb dggbrsbc cbbpjy df tab t ab stnry. stnry. ▸   Cdsknvbr tab t`jb tnobtabr= tnobtabr= Cnf—t kngb tn tab tìjb wdta ` pj`yiy-pj`yy pj`f. Jbt iy-pj` Jb t tab stnry bvnjvb b vnjvb nro`fdk`jjy, nro`fdk`jjy, jbt tab pj`ybrs kannsb tabdr cbstdfy. ▸  Ib Anfbst= Cnf—t kab`t. Nfjy jdb rng tab pbrspbktdvb n FUKs. Tnu `rb fnt tab `cvbrs`ry n tab pj`ybrs. Tnu `rb pj`ydfo tab o`gb wdta tabg, fnt ò`dfst  tabg. tabg. Sbsb òbfc`s nrg tab i`sds nr bvbrytadfo bvbr ytadfo ynu cn wadjb ruffdfo tab o`gb. n n g`lb tab o`gb dftbrbstdfo dftbrbstdfo nr bvbrynfb, bvbr ynfb, lbbp tabsb df gdfc `t `jj tdgbs. _abfbvbr ynu—rb `t ` jnss nr wa`t tn cn, rbbr tn ynur @obfc`, `fc dt wdjj prniìjy odvb ynu `f dcb` n wabrb tn on.

Jbh= G`fy oncs `fc onccbssbs rbprbsbft tab nvbrj`p ibtwbbf tab Unwbr Unnjs `fc tab g`tbrd`j wnrjc. Ntabrs rbprbsbft rbsdst`fkb ò`dfst tab Unnjs.

05?

H`tb

Urdfkdpjbs Urdfkdpjbs `rb tab Urdfkdpjbs t ab anw n ruffdfo Abrndfbs n tab Hdrst @ob. _abf ynu cn tadfos df tab o`gb, cn tabg df tads w`y. ▸  H`dj Hnrw`rc= Fbvbr Fbvbr,, bvbr jbt `djurb nr gncbr`tb sukkbss stnp tab ndttab o`gb. dftbrbstdf dftbrbstdfo o `fc cr `g`tdk, cr`g`tdk, `fc﬉nw g`lb jb`c dftn @jw`ys `fntabrg`lb dssub.`djurb Urbsbft `djurb `s ` ka`jjbfob tn ib nvbrkngb iy fffdsadfo ynur A`rc OG Gnvb wdta ‚_a`t cn ynu cn>‗ rb`t `djurb `s `fntabr rnutb tn bvbftu`j sukkbss. ▸  Bvbrytadfo—s J`robr ta`f Jdb= Sdfl n tab stnry `s ` Orbbl ròbcy. rdugpas `rb or`fc, wnbs `rb tbrrdijb, `fc wr`tas `rb s`vòb df tabdr ury ur y. Sds ds tab Hdrst @ob, tab pbrdnc n adstnry `jj ` jj ntabr òbs wdjj turf i`kl tn `fc s`y, ‚ta`t w`s tab br` n oncs.‗ _abf df cnuit, pj`y dt up. ▸   Dfcukb tab Ka`r`ktbrs Ka`r`ktbrs tn Bxtr`nrcdf`ry Bxtr`nrcdf`ry Cbbcs= Cnf—t g`lb tab o`gb ìnut gdfnr dssubs ta`t cnf—t rb`jjy g`ttbr df tab jnfo ruf. G`lb tab stnry ìnut tab ka`r`ktbrs cndfo dfkrbcdijb tadfos. Odvb tabg ` ka`fkb tn ka`fo ka`fobb tab wnrjc, jdtbr`jjy. jdtbr`jjy. Jbt tabg sa`pb tab w`y uturb kdvdjdz`tdnfs kdvdjdz`tdnfs wdjj pbrkbdvb tab ufdvbrsb. ▸  F`gb Bvbrynfb, Aug`fdzb Bvbf Sbdr Bfbgdbs= G`ldfo bvbrynfb taby gbbt bbj gb`fdfouj wdjj g`lb `jj n tabdr tnuoa kandkbs ta`t guka gnrb dgpnrt`ft. dgpnrt`ft. Odvb tabg tab rb`snfs tabdr bfbgdbs a`vb turfbc rng tab jdoat. Ybvb`j tn tabg t abg tab tròdk i`klstnrdbs n tab vdjj`dfs. G`lb tab tnwf ta`t ds ufcbr tarb`t ` rb`j pj`kb df tabdr gdfcs. Tnu k`f—t cn tabsb tadfos d tab pj`ybrs cnf—t bvbf lfnw tabsb pbnpjb—s f`gbs. Bx`gpjb f`gbs `rb odvbf df tab j`st ka`ptbr, ka`ptbr, @ppbfcdkbs. Uujj rng tabg `jj ` jj tab tdgb t dgb nr g`lb ynur nwf jdsts tn usb. ▸  `jl tn tab Ka`r`ktbrs, fnt tab Uj`ybrs= Irdfo tab pj`ybrs i`kl tn tabdr ka`r`ktbrs wdta bvbrytadfo bvbr ytadfo ynu s`y. s`y. Cr`w tabg dftn tab stnry wdta qubstdnfs ìnut anw tabdr ka`r`ktbrs bbj ìnut tadfos, `fc wabtabr tansb bbjdfos wdjj indj nvbr dftn `ktdnf nr lbbp pdjdfo up uftdj taby irb`l. ▸   Dfmbkt [ngb Cr`g` nr nr ròbcy= ròbcy= Fnt bvbrytadfo onbs rdoat. Gdst`lbs `rb g`cb, iy tab UKs, FUKs, `fc  vdjj`dfs. vdjj`dfs. [anw ta`t `ktdnfs a`vb knfsbqubfkbs df tads wnrjc. G`lb tab kandkbs tnuoa. Obt tabg dfvbstbc. Sdfos= ▸   Rfknvbr Sds ds tab Hdrst H drst Sdfos wb t`lb or`ftbc `rb Fbw must fnw ibdfo cdsknvbrbc `fc@ob. krb`tbc. Gòdks `rbnr

051

OG Gnvbs nrobc, knsgdk pnwbrs `rb inrf, `fc tab gdsts n Krb`tdnf `rb must fnw rbtrb`tdfo. Jbt tab pj`ybrs ib tab nfbs tn krb`tb `fc cdsknvbr cds knvbr tadfos ta`t gdoat bxdst. Jb`vb ij`fls nr tabg tn ffjj df. Urnvdcb tabg wdta nppnrtufdtdbs tn ib ` jdttjb idt obfrb s`vvy `fc jb`c tn prnorbss. ▸  Knfsbrv`tdnf n Cbt`dj= Tnu cnf—t fbbc nr w`ft tn pj`f bvbrytadfo nut df `cv`fkb. A`vdfo sngb dcb`s nr bvbfts `fc nppnfbfts ds onnc, bspbkd`jjy d ynu—rb fnt orb`t `t ﬉ydfo iy tab sb`t n ynur p`fts, iut g`lb surb ta`t ynu nkus ynur bfbroy nf tab sp`kb `fc ka`r`ktbrs cdrbktjy `rnufc tab UKs. @fytadf @fytadfoo ynu s`y k`f ib tab dgpbtus nr `fntabr `cvbfturb, sn g`lb surb ynu pndft ynur cbt`djs df tab rdoat cdrbktdnf. cdrbkt dnf. D ynu spbfc ` jnt n tdgb cbskrdidfo ` suspdkdnus pbrsnf df tab g`rlbt, dt—s `jgnst ou`r`ftbbc ou `r`ftbbc tab UKs wdjj ib ka`sdfo `hbr ta`t pbrsnf df ` ab`rtib`t. ab`rti b`t. D ta`t ka`r`ktbr w`sf—t dgpnrt`ft, tabf tnn i`c, tab UKs must g`cb tabg dgpnrt`ft. Knfvbrsbjy,, ynu k`f usb tads tn orb`t bﬅbkt Knfvbrsbjy bﬅbk t tn cdrbkt tab dftbrbst n tab UKs, nhbf qudtb suitjy.

OG Gnvbs _abf `tb dftbrvbfbs, ta`t gb`fs tab ynu `rb g`ldfo ` OG Gnvb. OG Gnvbs `rb fnt jdlb UK Gnvbs. Tnu rnjj fn cdkb, `fc ynu cn fnt rb`c ` Gnvb tn sbb wa`t a`ppbfs. Dfstb`c, OG Gnvbs `rb rb`ktdnfs tn UK `ktdnfs. _abf ` UK `kts, tab OG cbskrdibs wa`t a`ppbfs, a`ppbfs, onnc nr i`c. Cnf—t s`y tab f`gb n ynur OG Gnvb, must f`rr`tb tab Gnvb a`ppbfdfo dfstb`c. _adjb tabrb `rb g`fy cdﬅbrbft OG Gnvbs, iut tabrb `rb nfjy twn w`ys tn usb tabg. ▸  [nh OG Gnvb= F`rr`tb tab bvbft, iut jb`vb tab UKs rnng tn rb`kt. Cn tads wabf tab ornup jnnls tn ynu tn sbb wa`t a`ppbfs.

▸  A`rc OG Gnvb= F`rr`tb tab bvbft, dfkjucdfo tab nutkngb. Abrb, tab c`gòb ds cnfb, `fc tab UKs `rb tnn j`tb tn stnp dt, nr pbra`ps kùsbc dt tabgsbjvbs. Cn tads wabf ` UK H`djs ` Gnvb. Sbsb `rb tab i`sdk OG Gnvbs `v`djìjb `v`djìjb tn ynu tarnuoanut t arnuoanut tab o`gb. Fntb ta`t @cvbrs`rdbs `jsn a`vb `ccdtdnf`j OG Gnvbs nr ynu tn usb.

054

H`tb ▸ @ffn @ffnufkb ufkb `f Dgpbf Dgpbfcdfo cdfo Urni Urnijbg jbg ▸ Rsb Sbdr ròdk ròdk Hj`ws Hj`ws @o`df @o`dfst st Sbg ▸ r` r`cb cb nr nr Cb`j Cb`j A`r A`rg g ▸ Uut [ngbnfb [ngbnfb——s @ﬅbktdnfs @ﬅbktdnfs df Ubrdj Ubrdj ▸ Knfrn Knfrnft ft Sbg _dta _dta ` Anrrdijb Anrrdijb ruta ruta nr Orb`t Orb`t Bvdj ▸ urf tab _b`tab _b`tabrr Hnuj nr Gystdk Gystdk`j `j ▸ Odv Odvbb Sbg ` brrdij brrdijbb Kandkb Kandkb tn G`lb ▸ Ud Udtt Sbg @o` @o`dfst dfst Orb` Orb`tt Fugibr Fugibrss ▸ Ud Udtt Sbg @o`df @o`dfst st brrdij brrdijbb Cbgnfs Cbgnfs ▸ Kngp Kngpjdk` jdk`tb tb Sbdr Ybj` Ybj`tdnf tdnfsad sadps ps ▸ Irdf Irdfoo Sbdr Sbdr Jny`j Jny`jtdbs tdbs Df Dftn tn Knf﬉dkt ▸ Ybvb`j Krbbpd Krbbpdfo fo C`rlfbs C`rlfbsss nr Adccbf Adccbf Urn Urnpabky pabky ▸ Dftrnc Dftrncukb ukb ` Orb`t Orb`t `fc brrdijb Fbw Df Dfvbftdnf vbftdnf ▸ Krubj nr [pdtbuj [pdtbuj Oncs Oncs Dftbrbr Dftbrbrbb Rsdfo Rsdfo ‚Cbstdf ‚Cbstdfy‗ y‗ @jw`ys bfc ynur Gnvb wdta ` qubstdnf `s tn anw tab ornup nr ka`r`ktbr cb`js wdta w dta tab Gnvb, d.b. ‚_a`t ‚_a`t cn ynu cn>‗

Hjnw

Ibkùsb tabrb t abrb `rb fn turfs df Abrn Abrndfbs dfbs n tab Hdrst H drst @ob, dt ds ynur rbspnfsdidjdty tn g`lb surb ta`t ynu—rb sa`rdfo tab spntjdoat `pprnprd`tbjy. @jw`ys g`lb surb tn prngpt ka`r`ktbrs wan a`vbf—t `ktbc df ` wadjb nr pj`ybrs wan jnnl inrbc. Lbbp bvbrynfb bvbr ynfb bfoòbc, bfoòbc, `fc bfknuròb pj`ybrs tn `ssdst b`ka ntabr `fc suoobst knursbs n `ktdnf nr tab ornup `s ` wanjb. Hnstbr tb`gwnrl.

Sarb`ts Sarb` ts `fc Dssubs Df tab Nrdodf ka`ptbr, tab ornup cbfffbs `f Dggbcd`tb Srb`t `fc sbvbr`j I`klornufc Dssubs. @s tab o`gb prnorbssbs `fc Srb`ts `rb rbsnjvbc, I`klornufc Dssubs Dssubs stbp nrw`rc tn ibkngb tab fbw Dggbcd`tbb Srb`t, wadjb fbw dssubs `rdsb df tab i`klornufc. Sds Dggbcd`t lbbps tab o`gb nkusbc nk usbc iut `jjnws nr trbgbfcnus t rbgbfcnus nrbsa`cnwdfo nrbsa`cnwdfo `s wbjj.

005

Cbkdcdfo kdcdfo CFs CFs Cb Sb ibst snurkb nr fbw I`klornufc Dssubs ds `jw`ys ynur pj`ybrs. Sbdr tanuoats `fc skabgbs g`lb bxkbjjbft g`tbrd`j tn i`sb fbw Dssubs nf ibkùsb wabf tansb t ansb dssubs `rb rbvb`jbc, tab pj`ybrs a`vb `jrb`cy nrbsa`cnwbc nrbsa`cnwbc tansb t ansb bvbfts tabgsbjvbs. t abgsbjvbs. @fntabr onnc snurkb n I`klornufc Dssubs ds tab stnry `jrb`cy ` jrb`cy tnjc. Iy jnnldfo `t wa`t knujc a`vb a`ppbfbc, nr wa`t w a`t gdoat a`ppbf, nr wa`t trutas gdoat ib ibadfc tab jdbs, ynu k`f krb`tb Dssubs ta`t `rb cbbpjy tdbc tn tab t`jb t `jb ynu—vb ynu—vb `jrb`cy tnjc. Tnu k`f `jsn `cc fbw Dssubs iy `ccdfo bftdrbjy fbw bjbgbfts bjbgbfts tn tab o`gb. [bb [ bb tab @ccdfo Bjbgbfts sbktdnf nr gnrb dfnrg`tdnf nf tads.

Cbkdc Cb kdcdf dfo o CFs C Fs

@ oanstjy gdfdnf oanstjy gdfdnf n tab Bvbfdf Bvbfdfo o

@ g`mnr pnrtdnf n ynur mni ds tn prnvdcb tab rdoat  nppnsdtdnf nppnsdtdnf tn tab pj`ybrs. Sds gb`fs knftrnjjdfo knftrnjjdfo anw a`rc tadfos t adfos `rb nr tabg tarnuoa tab knursb n tab sbssdnf df ` w`y ta`t lbbps tab stnry gnvdfo, iut prnvdcbs nppnrtufdtdbs nr tab tbfsdnf tn suisdcb. Tnu cnf—t w`ft tn ruf tab UKs ròobc, iut ynu cnf—t w`ft tn g`lb tadfos ` w`jl df tab o`rcbfs n Iìyjnf nr tabg bdtabr. Nhbf tab stnry dtsbj wdjj dfcdk`tb wabf tadfos sanujc ib a`rcbr ta`f fnrg`j= tab UKs bfoòb tab jnrc n tab bfbgy f`tdnf nr fff`jjy k`tka up tn tab gurcbrnus cbgnf ta`t a`s ibbf pjòudfo tab rbodnf. D tab stnry cnbsf—t prnvdcb `f nivdnus rnutb tn g`lb tab UK—s jdvbs ` jdttjb gnrb kngpjdk`tbc wabf ynu fbbc dt tn, ta`t—s ` pbrbkt tdgb tn usb snh OG Gnvbs jdlb Ybvb`j Krbbpdfo C`rlfbss nr Adccbf Urnpabky, Dftrncukb ` Orb`t `fc brrdijb Fbw Dfvbftdnf, nr Krubj nr [pdtbuj Oncs Dftbrbrb Rsdfo ‚Cbstdfy.‗ _a`t ynu sanujc fbvbr  cn cn ds `rtdffkd`jjy `rtdffkd`j jy df﬉`tb tab CF n ` t`sl must

0000 00

H`tb ibkùsb ynu w`ft dt tn ib a`rcbr nf tab UKs. D taby—rb taby—rb sk`jdfo ` kjdﬅ `fc ynu w`ft tn up tab `ftb, cnf—t must g`lb tab CF 9 dfstb`c n 0 nr fn rb`snf, `cc ` kngpjdk`tdnf jdlb wb`tabr, bfbgdbs, nr krugijdfo nr c`fobrnus c`fobrnus tbrr`df. D ynu w`ft ` p`rtdkuj`r t`sl tn ib ib a`rcbr ta`f fnrg`j, cbskrdib dt `s suka ibnrb jbttdfo tab UKs `tt`kl dt. Cnf—t Cnf—t w`dt tn cbskrdib tab t ab cnnr taby— tab y—rb rb trydfo tr ydfo tn irb`l cnwf `s ibdfo p`rtdkuj`rjy tnuoa uftdj u ftdj `hbr taby `ttbgpt dt, tbjj tabg nutrdoat ta`t tads ds ` stnfb cnnr ta`t rbqudrbs orb`t strbfota tn gnvb. Sby g`y cbkdcb tn k`jj up tabdr t abdr irudsbr nr taby tab y g`y cbkdcb tn on `rnufc, iut taby sanujc ib ìjb tn g`lb ta`t cbkdsdnf i`sbc nf tab dfnrg`tdnf dfnrg`tdn f taby a`vb r`tabr ta`f ibdfo trdklbc dftn `djurb. `djurb. G`lb surb ynu—rb `gdjd`r wdta tab CFs, sn ta`t ynu lfnw wabf b`ka ds `pprnprd`tb. `pprnprd`tb. @ jnt n tab t ab tdgb, ynu—jj ib usdfo tab cbùjt, Abrndk / CF 0, iut bvbf df tab vbry vbr y b`rjy p`rts n ` k`gp`dof, ynu g`y fffc tab nppnrtufdty tn tarnw ` Jbobfc`ry / CF 9 `t tabg, p`rtdkuj`rjy df i`ttjbs wdta tabdr fbgbsbs nr knf﬉dkts wdta tab snurkb n tabdr t abdr Dggbcd`tb Srb`t. @s tab k`gp`dof prnorbssbs, tab UKs wdjj ornw strnfobr. strnfobr. @o`df, ta`t cnbsf—t gb`f ynu sanujc df﬉`tb CFs tn lbbp ka`jjbfodfo tabg, fn, ynu sanujc prnvdcb ka`jjbfobs ta`t `rb `ktu`jjy `pprnprd`tb nr tabg. D taby—vb or`cu`tbc rng ffoatdfo tab kujtdsts n tab Dfl, st`rt sbfcdfo rb`j ojypa-cbgnf ojypa-cbgnfss `fc wnrc an`rcdfo gnfstrnsdtdbs gnfstrnsdtdbs `t tabg, nr Udt Sbg @o`dfst Orb`t Fugibrs.

Ybw`rcdfo UKs Ybgbgibr ta`t tab UKs rbjy nf Bxpbrdbfkb, rb`surb, `fc Hb`jty tn prnorbss. Cnf—t ib stdfoy df a`fcdfo nut rbw`rcs, iut cnf—t p`ss tabg nut nr fntadfo bdtabr. Dt—s nhbf ibst tn rbw`rc tab ornup `s ` wanjb wabf ynu k`f, ibkùsb ib kùsb ta`t w`y ynu k`f g`dft`df g`dft`df tab i`j`fkb n pnwbr `krnss tab p`rty p`rty.. Fbvbr odvb nut ` jugp sug n rb`surb tn must nfb UK nr bxpbkt tabg tn sa`rb d taby cnf—t ìsnjutbjy a`vb tn. Tnu sanujc `jsn ib mucdkdnus df a`fcdfo nut nppnrtufdtdbs nr Bxpbrdbfkb. Abrb—s tab pj`ybrs— jdst n knfcdtdnfs ò`df= ▸ G` G`rl rl Bxpbrd Bxpbrdbfk bfkbb wabf wabf ynur ynur Hj`w ds Dfvnlbc. ▸ G` G`rl rl Bxpbrdb Bxpbrdbfkb fkb wabf wabf ynu ynu kannsb kannsb tn tn dfcujob ynur Hj`w  `fc `fc g`rl Bxpbrdbfkb.

009

FUKs ▸ G`r `rl l Bxpbrd Bxpbrdbf bfkb kb wabf wabf H`tb Dftbrvbfbs nf nfb n ynur rnjjs. ▸ G` G`rl rl Bxpbrd Bxpbrdbfk bfkbb wabf wabf ynu ynu Ybsnjvb ` Ybj`tdnfsadp. ▸ G` G`rl rl Bxpbrdbfkb Bxpbrdbfkb wabf nfb n n ynur Ybj`tdnf Ybj`tdnfsad sadps ps ibkngbs ibkngbs tab nkus n ` skbfb. [dfkb `djurb prnvdcbs Bxpbrdbfkb, g`lb surb ynu usb us b Hj`ws `fc Ybj`tdnfsadps Ybj`tdnfs adps tn abjp i`j`fkb tadfos nut. Lbbp `fy byb nf tab t ab `gnufts `gnuf ts n Bxpbrdbfkb pbnpjb p bnpjb a`vb, `fc ib rb`cy tn sbfc sngb nppnrtufdty tnw`rcs tnw`rcs tab UKs wan `rb jòodfo ibadfc. D tadfos t adfos obt tnn ufbvbf, a`vb ynur pj`ybrs lbbp tr`kl n anw guka Bxpbrdbfkb taby—vb onttbf tnt`j  df df `ccdtdnf tn anw guka taby a`vb. S`t wdjj g`lb dt b`sdbr tn i`j`fkb tadfos nut. Tnu k`f `jsn a`fc nut jugp sugs tn tab ornup d ynu kannsb, wadka k`f abjp bvbf nut ufbvbf Bxpbrdbfkb `gnuf `gnufts. ts. Abrb—s ` jdst n `gnufts n rb`surb. Abrb— Odvb tads `gnuft nut tn b`ka UK. ▸ [dg [d pjbbYb pj Hnjl Hnj lrc= Y=bw`rc Ybw` ▸    ng wf Ybw` w`rc 9 rc== 0 ▸ Kd Kdty ty Yb Ybw` w`rrc= 3 ▸ F`td tdn nf` f`jj Ybw` Ybw`rc rc== 1

FUKs

@ sg`jj sg`jj sardfb sardfb tn tab Gyrd`c Gyrd`c df G`zulbgd-Fnru

Tnur FUKs `rb fnt tab s`gb `s tab ujjy-rb`jdzbc  ujjy-rb`jdzbc gbka`fdk`j krb`tdnfs n tab UKs. Sby `rb knjnr, knjnr, tbxturb, `fc rbsdst`fkb. Sby bxdst tn rnufc nut tab stnry n tab UKs, tn prnvdcb cdrbktdnf, tn oudcb, `fc tn nppnsb. _adjb tabdr gbka`fdks `rb jbss cbt`djbc ta`f tansb n ` UK, ta`t cnbsf—t cnbsf —t gb`f taby a`vb tn ib ﬉`t, ij`fc, i`klornufc `kbs. Sby k`f a`vb `s guka nr `s jdttjb jdb tn tabg `s tab skbfb k`jjs nr. Tnu wdjj fffc ynursbj cbt`djdfo ` v`st p`fnpjy n FUKs n v`rydfo dgpnrt`fkb `fc rnjb. FUKs cn fnt a`vb fb`rjy tab s`gb cbt`dj df tabdr [t`tdstdks `s UKs cn. Gnst wdjj fnt bvbf fbbc fbb c [t`tdstdks `t `jj, bxkbpt pbra`ps p bra`ps Ybj`tdnfsadps Ybj`tdnfs adps wdta sngb n tab UKs. @sdcb rng ta`t, tab t ab gnst cbt`dj ynu—jj fbbc nr ntabrs ds tabdr Ab`jta, @rgnr, `fc pnssdijy ` _b`pnf.

00;

H`tb

Ku`jj [lnjjo`fdk`, ` say Fuklbj`vbb Fuklbj` vbb `rdstnkr`t wdta `f Dgprbssdvb _`rcrnib

003

FUK @rka @rkabtypbs Tnur FUKs ffjj ffj j `jj tab t ab rnjbs `fc `rkabtypbs ta`t tab UKs gdoat bfknuftbr, rng tadbvdfo irdo`fcs tn bfnrgnus cbgnfdk gnfstrnsdtdbs. Ibjnw `rb jdstbc sngb bx`gpjbs tn abjp ynu dfvbft fbw krb`turbs nf tab ﬉y. @s wdta ntabr tadfos, tabsb `rkabtypbs `rb gb`ft `s st`rtdfo pndfts. D ynu w`ft tn knfstrukt ` C`rl C `rl Onc ta`t a`s gnrb Ab`jta iut jbss @rgnr nr bx`gpjb, bx`gpjb, on àb`c `fc gncdy gncd y dt `s fbbcbc. Bspbkd`jjy wdta gnrb pnwbruj `cvbrs`rdbs, `jjnw tab UKs tn wb`lbf tabg tarnuoa tab stnry. D taby k`f—t kngb up wdta `fytadfo ta`t wdjj pbfbtr`tb tab C`rl Onc—s @rgnr, jbt tabg fffc w`ys tn jnwbr ta`t @rgnr tarnuoa tab stnry stnry,, pbra`ps ` rbvb`jbc wb`lfbss, fffcdfo tabdr i`fb, nr cdsruptdfo tabdr prbp`r` prbp`r`tdnfs. tdnfs.

FUK @rka @rkabt btypbs ypbs @

@ A _

[brh/[j`vb

5

0

0 a`rg, gbjbb

[njcdbr/_`rrdnr

0

3

; a`rg, gbjbb nr r`fobc

Bjdtb/Lfdoat

;

8

2 a`rg, gbjbb nr r`fobc

J`cy/Jnrc

3

05

? a`rg, `fy 0 r`fob

Jbobfc`ry Ka`gpdnf 8

02

4 a`rg, `fy 9 r`fobs

_b`l Gdfdnf

5

3

; a`rg, gbjbb nr r`fobc

Snuoa Gdfdnf

0

?

8 a`rg, gbjbb

Unwbrhuj Cbgnf

;

05

4 a`rg, gbjbb `fc r`fobc

Orb`t Cbgnf

3

02

00 a`rg, gbjbb `fc r`fobc

Nvbrjnrc

8

92

0; a`rg, `jj r`fobs

C`rl Onc

1

;5

02 a`rg, `jj r`fobs

002

H`tb

FUK Nr Nrdodfs Sb jdstbc `rkabtypbs ìnvb `rb must ta`t, `rkabtypbs nr tab `ktu`j ka`r`ktbrs ynu put dftn pj`y ò`dfst ò`dfst tab UKs. Sb `ktu`j FUKs sanujc a`vb sngb jdb tn tabg, ufjbss taby `rb gbrbjy i`klornufc g`tbrd`j, df wadka k`sb ynu sanujcf—t sanujcf—t intabr wdta [t`tdstdks df tab ffrst pj`kb. Sbrb `rb tarbb irn`c nrdodfs nr spbkdffk FUKs. ▸ [ngb `rb `rb tab pbnpjb pbnpjb wan dfaìd dfaìdtt tab wnrjc wnrjc `rnufc `rnufc tab UKs, UKs, `s cbskrdibc iy ynur Ybodnfs `fc Kujturbs df Obfbsds. ▸ [ngb `rb `rb tab gdfdnfs gdfdnfs `fc `fc rujbrs n n tab Unwb Unwbrr Unnjs, Unnjs, kngb kngb tn cn bvdj df tab j`fc. ▸ [ngb `rb gbgibrs gbgibrs n fnf-U fnf-Unw nwbr br Krb`turb Krb`turb Unrtnjd Unrtnjdns, ns, `jsn usu`jjy ibft nf dfv`cdfo nr cbstrnydfo tab f`tdnfs n kdvdjdz`tdnf. Obfbr`j njl fbbc fnt ib `ktdvbjy nppnsdfo tab UKs, sngb g`y ib ndjs, rdv`js, `jjdbs, nr jnvbrs. Nf tab ntabr a`fc, bw gdfdnfs n tab Unwbrs nr Unrtnjdn Krb`turbs `rb jdlbjy tn ib `fytadfo iut anstdjb tn tab UKs, ufjbss tab ffktdnf suoobsts knffbktdnfs ibtwbbf tab UKs `fc tab krb`turbs df qubstdnf. @s ` obfbr`j rujb, Un Unwbr wbr Unnjs bxdst tn odvb ynu ` c`fobrnus snurkb n rdsly pnwbr, ta`t `jgnst dfv`rdìjy ibkngbs ` orb`t bvdj ta`t gust ib cb`jt wdta, `fc Krb`turb Unrtnjdns Un rtnjdns bxdst tn odvb ynu bxtr` bfbgdbs tn aurj `t ynur UKs. Sb @cvbrs`rdbs ka`ptbr nﬅbrs sngb suoobstdnfs nr krb`turbs n cdﬅbrbft nrdodfs `fc `rkabtypbs.

FUKs `fc Gnvbs Gnvbs

FUKs cn fnt a`vb UK Gnvbs. Sby g`y a`vb OG Gnvbs nr ynu tn usb, d taby kngb rng ` Unwbr Unnj nr ` Krb`turb Unrtnjdn. Tnu cn fnt usb Gnvbs jdlb tab pj`ybrs, iy rnjjdfo rnjjdfo cdkb tn sbb wabtabr w abtabr `f FUK sukkbbcs nr `djs `t sngbtadfo. Dfstb`c, ynu f`rr`tb wa`t tab FUK cnbs, `s bdtabr ` a`rc nr snh OG Gnvb, cbpbfcdfo nf tab kdrkugst`fkbs. Sb `ktdnfs n ynur FUKs sanujc ib prngpts nr tab UKs tn `kt< rbgbgibr tn bfc `jj n ynur Gnvbs wdta ‚wa`t ‚wa`t cn ynu cn>‗ nr sngbtadfo sdgdj`r ta`t prnvnlbs prnvnlbs tab s`gb ldfc n rb`ktdnf.

008

@rgy y Rfdts `s Bfbgdbs Bfbgdbs @rg

@rgy Rfdts `s @rg Bfbgdbs _abf w`r brupts, ynu—jj w`ft ufdts n ynur nwf tn nppnsb tab UKs. Tnu Tnu t`lb tabsb t absb ufdts rdoat rng tab @rgy jdst df tab t ab bqudpgbft sbktdnf n tab Nrdodf ka`ptbr< taby—rb tab s`gb ufdts tab UKs kngg`fc. Sb cdﬅbrbfkb ds ta`t ynu cn fnt usb tab UK w`r Gnvbs. Tnu lbbp usdfo ynur nwf OG Gnvbs, tab s`gb w`y ynu `jw`ys cn, iy cndfo [nh Gnvbs wabf tab pj`ybrs jnnl tn ynu tn sbb wa`t a`ppbfs, `fc cndfo A`rc A`rc Gnvbs wabf taby `dj. Sb `rgy jdst prnvdcbs prnvdcbs tab a`rg, @rgnr, `fc Ab`jta n tab ufdt nr ynu.

Sab G`p

Dt—s ` onnc dcb` tn lbbp ` g`p n tab o`gb wnrjc, inta nr ynur nwf usb `s wbjj `s nr tab UKs. Cnf Cnf—t —t ffjj df `jj tab cbt`djs tn ibodf wdta, ibkùsb tab UKs wdjj cnuitjbssjy bxpjnrb fbw rbodnfs `s taby on, `fc ynu—jj ynu—jj w`ft tn ib i b ìjb tn bxp`fc tab wnrjc ibnrb tabg. [t`rt wdta tab Ybodnfs `fc Kujturbs krb`tbc df Obfbsds, `fc g`lb surb ynu a`vb rnng `t tab bcobs nr gnrb j`fcs. Sdfl n tab `rb`s krb`tbc df Obfbsds `s ` tdfy iut dgpnrt`ft p`rt n ` v`st `fc wdcb wnrjc.

[ly Sdfo `tt`kls k`f a`ppbf `fywabrb, tn `fynfb.

00?

H`tb

@ccdf @cc dfo o Bjbgbfts Snuoa _nrjc Krb`tdnf ds ujj n wnrjciudjcdfo, ynur mni `s tab OG ds tn abjp cbskrdib bvbrytadfo b vbrytadfo tab UKs bfknuftbr bfknuftbr.. Sds nhbf gb`fs `ccdfo fbw bjbgbfts tn tab o`gb `s ynu on. @fy n tab bjbgbfts rng _nrjc Krb`tdnf k`f ib `ccbc tn ` o`gb df prnorbss, `fc `rb nhbf g`mnr turfdfo pndfts df tab pjnt. [ngbtdgbs [ ngbtdgbs tads gb`fs tab fbw bjbgbft ds `ccbc `s tab rbsujt n pj`ybr `ktdnfs, wadjb ntabr tdgbs fbw bjbgbfts `rb `ccbc `s I`klornufc Dssubs. Lbbp df gdfc ta`t `ccdfo ` fbw bjbgbft tn tab wnrjc ds vbry jdlbjy tn cdsrupt tab snkd`j `fc gbt`pa gbt `paysdk`j ysdk`j nrcbr n tadfos, `fc taus sanujc `jgnst `jw`ys ib `ccbc tn tab I`klornufc Dssubs. Dssubs.

@ccdfo @ccdf o Unwbr Unwbr Unnj njss `fc Krb rb` `turb Unrthnjdns Sbrb `rb sbvbr`j rb`snfs ynu gdoat w`ft tn `cc ` fbw fb w Unwbr Unwbr Unnj curdfo tab o`gb. ▸ n usb usb `s `s ` fbw tarb`t tn tab wnrjc nr ka`r`ktbrs nrbdof dof gòdk dftn nr rng ` rbodnf ▸ n dftr dftrnc ncukb ukb nrb ▸ @s tab nutkn nutkngb gb n ` fbwjy dfvbf dfvbftbc tbc gòdk gòdk nr supbrwb`pnf

[ngbtdgbs ynu g`y dftrncukb tab fbw snurkb cdrbktjy, cdrbktjy, bdtabr tarnuoa cdspj`ydfo cdspj`ydfo dt npbfjy tn tab t ab UKs, iy cbjdvbrdfo fbws n dt tn tabg tarnuoa FUKs, nr iy sanwk`sdfo sanwk`sdfo dt df kngi`t. Ntabr tdgbs ynu—jj w`ft tn rbvb`j dt sjnwjy, `s ` krbbpdfo c`fobr. Dt gdoat dfbkt ntabr Unnjs, dfv`cb tab gdfcs n pntbftd`j njjnwbrs, nr knrrupt tab j`fc jnfo ibnrb tab UKs cdsknvbr dts trub t rub f`turb.

001

@rtdh tdh`kts `kts nh nh Cnng @r

@rtdh @r tdh` `kts nh nh Cnng @rtd`kts n cnng `rb ` st`pjb n abrndk abrndk t`jbs. D sngbtadfo kngbs up curdfo _nrjc Krb`tdnf, ynu k`f dftrncukb nfb tabf, pnssdijy `s `f dfdtd`j pjnt cbvdkb. Ybgbgibr wabf dftrncukdfo `f @rtd`kt n Cnng ta`t tab wnrjc ds ir`fc fbw `fc ta`t `fytadfo n tads pnwbr gust a`vb ibbf g`cb rbkbftjy, prniìjy iy sngbnfb stdjj `jdvb. Dt g`y bvbf ib knfstruktbc curdfo tab knursb n tab o`gb dtsbj. Udkl `f nimbkt. 0. 9. ;. 3. 2. 8.

Mbwbjry _b`pnf @rgnr Uj`kb ngb Uj`tnfdk [njdc

Udkl ` ` Unwbr Unnj, Onc nr g`mnr FUK vdjj`df. Dt cnbsf—t cnbsf —t fbbc tn ib nfb tab UKs lfnw l fnw ìnut ybt. Rsb tab pnwbr snurkb tn bjìnr`tb nf tab `rtd`kt—s `ppb`r`fkb `fc pnwbrs. Udkl ` Cnng. 0. Obfnkdcb n ` f`tdnf nr r`kb 9. Ydsb n ` fbw Unwbr Unwbr ;. Dfv`sdnf n ` rbodnf 3. Bfcdfo n ` padjnsnpadk`j knfkbpt 2. Gbt`paysdk`j @pnk`jypsb 8. Cdsruptdnf n paysdk`j j`ws

Sb Bvbrijnnc or`fts ynur incy incy pnwbr pnwbr `t tab tab knst n ynur gdfc.

004

H`tb Udkl 0-; pnwbrs `fc bjìnr`tb. Sbsb pnwbrs `rb `r ibynfc fnrg`j UK Gnvbs `fc `rb gnrb `ldf tn OG Gnvbs. G`lb up fbw nfbs tn g`tka tab tabgb n ynur @rtd`kt d ynu fbbc tn. 0. 9. ;. 3. 2. 8.

Untbft Gòdk Dfvujfbrìdjdty [uggnfdfo Yb`jdty Yb`j dty _`rpdfo _`rpdfo Ybobfbr`tdnf Unwbr @gpjdffbr

Udkl `f bﬅbkt nr twn t wn `fc bjìnr`tb. 0. 9. ;. 3.

Gbft`j knrruptdnf Gbft`j Uaysdk`j knrruptdnf Bxtrbgb p`df Bxtrbgb pjb`surb

2. Kursbc [bftdbfttn`fc g`fdpuj`tdvb 8. irdfo cds`stbr

Udkl ` wb`lfbss `fc bjìnr`tb. @cc ` fbw nfb tn g`tka tab @rtd`kt—s tabgb d fbbcbc. 0. 9. ;. 3. 2.

@rtd`kts `rb @rtd`kts `rb bvbf gnrb gnrb tbrrdijb df tab a`fcs n wnrjc jb`cbrs.

K`ffnt ìdcb trub jnvb Cnbs fnt kngp kngprbabfc rbabfc vdrtub @ kbrt`df g`tbrd`j tbgpnr`rdjy fbutr`jdzbs dt Jdgdtbc usbs pbr tdgb pbrdnc Unwbr Un wbr k`f ib g`cb tn rbinufc

8. Ybqudrbs auob rbsnurkbs tn ufktdnf ufkt dnf Udkl anw dt k`f ib fbutr`jdzbc `fc bjìnr`tb nf dt. @cc prbrbqudsdtb stbps uftdj tab cbsdrbc cd﬋kujty ds `kadbvbc. 0. 9. ;. 3. 2. 8.

K`f nfjy ib cdspnsbc n df ` kbrt`df pj`kb _dbjcbr _dbj cbr gust nvbrkngb tab @rtd`kt df ` tbst n wdjjs _dbjcbr gust wdjjdfojy odvb up tab `rtd`kt—s pnwbr Sb [t`rs gust ib Ydoat Orb`t s`krdffkb n jdb Gust ib r`kturbc `fc tab pdbkbs sb`jbc

Hdf`jjy,, i`sbc nf tab @rtd`kt Hdf`jjy @rtd`k t ynu—vb ynu—vb knfstruktbc, odvb dt ` f`gb.

095

Dfvbftdfo o Fbw Bjbgbfts Bjbgbfts Dfvbftdf

Dfvbftdfo Fbw Dfvbftdfo Bjbgbfts Tnu—jj prniìjy fffc ta`t ynu fbbc nr w`ft gnrb bjbgbfts df ynur o`gb ta`f `rb prnvdcbc. Dt—s pbrbktjy fffb tn `cc nr g`lb up `fy fbw bjbgbfts, bspbkd`jjy df tab `rb`s n jnrb `fc ka`r`ktbrdstdks.

Ntabr _nrj rjc cs Sb @ur`s `fc A`jns gbt`paysdk`j systbg dfkjucbs fn dfvdsdijb nrkbs fnr cdst`ft cdgbfsdnfs, cdgbfsdnfs, `jj tab wnrjc ds nfb. Sds gb`fs ta`t tab j`fcs n tab cb`c, tab strnfoanj strnfoanjcs cs n tab Un Unwbr wbr Unnjs, `fc `fy str`fob ntabr-wnrjcs ntabr-wnrjcs gust bxdst sngbwabrb df tab t ab s`gb cdgbfsdnf `s tab ‚fnrg`j‗ nfb. ypdk`jjy, taby `rb trbgbfcnusjy `r `w`y, tanuoa tabrb `rb nhbf tr`fsdts, pnrt`js, nr ibdfos ta`t wdjj tr`fspnrt nfb rng nfb rbodnf tn `fntabr. `fntabr. Bx`gpjbs gdoat dfkjucb v`jlyrdbs, abjjo`tbs, `fc cb`ta dtsbj. Tnur wnrjc k`f knft`df `s g`fy nr `s bw n tabsb ntabrwnrjcs `s ynu wdsa. Tnu g`y g`lb tab UKs `w`rb n sngb nr `jj n tabg, nr ynu g`y anjc sngb n tabg i`kl nr wabf tab tdgb ds rdoat tn rbvb`j tabg. Nfkb ynu—vb cbt`djbc nut nfb nr gnrb n tabsb ntabrwnrcjy j`fcs, g`rl tabdr pnsdtdnfs nf tab g`p.

Lrnng ds rng `fntabr wnrjc bftdrbjy.

090

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb

Sb Ujòubinrf `rb `gnfo tab gnst adcbnus n `cvbrs`rdbs.

099

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb

@cvbrs`rdbs @c vbrs`rdbs @f `rg `rgyy n j`gd` tbf tanus` tanus`fc fc str strnfo nfo w`d w`dtbc, tbc, adssd adssdfo fo snhjy snhjy,, `s tab tadfo krbstbc tab rdcob. Nr ta`t—s ta`t—s wa`t dt sbbgbc. Snus`fcs Snus `fcs n bbt df tab `dr `dr, ìnvb ìnvb tab sfnw-k sfnw-k`ppbc `ppbc gnuf gnuft`d t`dfs, fs, dt bftbrbc bftbrbc vdbw vdbw.. Iut wa`t anvb dftn vdbw w`s fnt tab wanjb od`ft. Dt w`s gbrbjy tab tnp n dts ab`c. Sds sbktdnf sbk tdnf prbsbfts krb`turbs, ibdfos, cbgnfs, `fc gnfstbrs tab OG k`f ffbjc ò`dfst tab UKs. UKs `rb `cvdsbc tn `vndc tads sbktdnf `fc jb`vb dt tn tab OG. Sds ds fnt `f bxaùstdvb, cbt`djbc ibstd`ry i bstd`ry.. Dfstb`c, dt ds ` knjjbktdnf n `ttrdiutbs, `ttrdiut bs, `spbkts, dcb`s, `fc `rkabtypbs ta`t tab OG k`f usb tn knfstrukt ka`jjbfobs `pprnprd` `pp rnprd`tb tb tn tabdr spbkdffk spb kdffk o`gb. B`ka Unrtnjdn `fc Unnj ds prbsbftbc wdta ` obfbr`j cbskrdptdnf, cbs krdptdnf, ` Gntd v`tdnf, nfb nr nr gnrb OG Gnvbs, Gnvbs, `fc sbvbr`j bx`gpjbs n v`rydfo pnwbr jbvbjs. Gntdv`tdnfs Gntdv`tdnfs `rb i`sdk crdvbs tab OG k`f usb tn prnvdcb cdrbktdnf nr tab `cvbrs`ry. OG Gnvbs prbsbftbc abrb wnrl tab s`gb `s tab nfbs prbsbftbc df tab H`tb ka`ptbr, bxkbpt ta`t taby—rb nfjy `v`djìjb tn tab ibdfos df qubstdnf. Yujbs nr krb`tdfo spbkdffk krb`turbs `rb prbsbftbc df tab FUKs suisbktdnf n tab H`tb ka`ptbr.

@ pnwbr uj iut jnw-r`fldfo òbft n tab Rf Rfdnrgdty dnrgdty

09;

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb

Krb`turb Unrthnjdns Sbsb krb`turbs `rb nro`fdzbc dftn rnuoa ‚pnrtnjdns‗ nro`fdzbc `rnufc ` kjustbr n tr`dts nr tabgbs. @ odvbf Unrtnjdn k`f nhbf ib usbc `s ` sdfojb dfv`cdfo nrkb nr `rgy iy dtsbj. [dfkb b`ka ds gncuj`r `fc sbj-knft`dfbc, tab OG k`f k `f crnp df wadkabvbr Unrtnjdns g`lb sbfsb nr tab o`gb.

Sab Ibftadk Ibftadk Nfbs Nfbs Gntdv`tdnf= Hbbc nf tab @i @iufc`fkb ufc`fkb n tab J`fc J `fc Gnvbs= Irdfo tab Hjnnc, Bft`fojb ` Hnb

Sb Ibftadk Nfbs `rb krb`turbs rng tab cbptas n tab sb`. Sby nhbf a`vb a`rc sabjjs, p`jb nrgs, wnrg-jdlb `ppbfcòbs, bbjbrs, tbft`kjbs, `fc usu`jjy j`kl bybs. Ibftadk Nfbs nf tab sur`kb tbfc tn onrob nf `fytadfo `fytadfo taby k`f ibnrb rbturfdfo tn tab cbptas< nnc nn c abrb ds `r gnrb ìufc`ft ìufc`ft ta`f dt ds df tabdr w`tbry angbs. Sbdr kngdfos `fc ondfos nhbf kndfkdcb wdta stnrgs `fc aurrdk`fbs, `fc tabdr `rrdv`j irdfos tdc`j w`vbs `fc ﬉nncdfo. ▸  _b`l= a`rcsabjjbc sf`djsardgp ▸ aug`fndc abrgdtgbo`-krì krì ▸   nuoa= Unwbruj= wnrg-ab`cbc ▸ Orb`t= `rgnrbc j`fc wa`jb ▸  Onc= ibftadk trbfka t rbfka krnwf-kdty

Katanfdks Gntdv`tdnf= `lb rbvbfob nf tab pbrbktbc Gnvbs= Adt Sbg _dta Urdgnrcd`j Unwbr, Ka`fob Hnrg n Sbdr @cv`ftòb

093

Knrruptdnf Sab Knrruptdnf Sb Katanfdks `rb uffffdsabc, cdsk`rcbc pbnpjbs ta`t a`dj rng tab ibodffdfo n tdgb. Sby a`tb tab rbfffbc, bjbo`ft pbnpjb wan k`gb `hbr tabg, iut taby a`tb tab oncs wan w an g`cb tabg bvbf gnrb. Katanfdks obfbr`jjy `dg nr wrbkldfo tab orb`tbst ib`knfs n ibùib ùty `fc kujturb. Sby t`lb sdfdstbr pjb`surb df aurtdfo tab oncs iy cbstrnydfo tabdr `vnrdtbs. Nhbf tads puts tabg cdrbktjy df knf﬉dkt wdta abrndfbs, wan `rb sbbf `s ibjnvbc, pbrbkt Kansbf Nfbs. ▸  _b`l= `kbjbss auftbr ▸  nuoa= prnusdnf n wdry jdgis gdssdfo ` tnrsn ▸   Unwbruj= aufcrbc-`rgbc od`ft wdtanut a`fcs ▸ Orb`t= indjdfo tdt`f ibrbh n jnvb ▸  Onc= gdssa`pbf prdgnrcd`j oncjdfo cbvndc n snuj

Sab Kn Knrruptd uptdnf nf Gntdv`tdnf= [uisugb tab bftdrb wnrjc Gnvbs= Knjnfdzb ` fbw K`rrdbr K`rr dbr,, Dfbkt tab J`fc J `fc Dtsbj Dtsbj

Sb Knrruptdnf ds ` krbbpdfo pabfngbfnf pabfngbfnf vbry sdgdj`r tn sngb Unwbr Unnjs, bxkbpt ta`t dt cnbs fnt or`ft `fy gòdk`j pnwbr, ùr`, nr a`jn. Dt ds purbjy idnjnodk`j. idnjnodk`j. Sb Knrruptdnf K nrruptdnf bbcs nf `jj jdb dt kngbs `krnss, dfbktdfo dt `fc cbvnurdfo dt jdlb ` obnjnodk`jjy-sdzbc ufous. Sb Knrruptdnf a`s nfb on`j= tn sprb`c. Dt ds dtsbj gdfcjbss, iut dfbkts `fdg`js sn ta`t taby tr`kl t r`kl dts spnrbs tn tab `r bcobs n tab g`p. ▸  _b`l= gusarnng cw`r ▸  nuoa= puﬅ-kjnuc gusarnng kjustbr

[ngb wnrsadp g`y wnrsadp ` pnrtnjdn, iut taby k`rb fntadfo nr us.

092

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb ▸   Unwbruj= gykbjd`j dfv`sdnf sp`kb ▸ Orb`t= kbftr`j ffibr gdfc ▸  Onc= prdgb cbkngpnsbr pdt

Sab Hn Hnrsw rswn nrf Gntdv`tdnf= G`lb onnc nf `jj vnws Gnvbs= Bfnrkb `f N`ta, J`y ` Kursb nf ` Jd`r

G`cb up n nronttbf prngdsbs `fc irnlbf n`tas, tab Hnrswnrf `rb ` str`fob gdx n oanst, wnrc, `fc cds`ppndftgbf cds`ppndftgbft. t. Sby `rb pbrpbtu`jjy w`tkadfo, jurldfo df tab sa`cnws `fc w`dtdfo nr nfb tn irb`l tabdr wnrc nr rbfbob nf ` cb`j. Sb Hnrswnrf kngb dftn ibdfo `s tab rbsujt n vnws `fc n`tas, iut `rb krdppjbc `fc wnufcbc wabf tab prngdsbs ta`t g`lb tabg up `rb irnlbf. irnlbf. @s suka, taby cbbpjy cb bpjy jn`ta tansb wan cn fnt lbbp tabdr t abdr wnrc `fc sbbl tabg nut tn pufdsa tabg nr tab p`df taby a`vb kùsbc. ▸  _b`l= jdttjb wadtb jdb ▸  nuoa= nrs`lbf wdtfbss ▸   Unwbruj= g`c j`widfcbr mucob ▸ Orb`t= rbmbktbc ijnnc knftr`kt ▸  Onc= vbfobuj sa`ttbrbc cdvdfb knvbf`ft

Odo`s @rgy Gntdv`tdnf= Cbbfc dts tbrrdtnry Gnvbs= [g`sa tab @rb` tn Yuiijb, Krusa [ngbnfb df dts Ordp

Sb Odo`s @rgy ds kngpnsbc n bfnrgnus, gnuft`df-sdzbc, ab`vdjy `rgnrbc tdt`fs. Sby trufcjb tr ufcjb `krnss tab j`fcsk`pb, onuodfo sw`tas n cbstruktdnf. Snuoa b`ka Odo`s ds ufdqub, taby sa`rb sdgdj`r tr`dts, suka `s stnfy `rgnr, `rgnr, inujcbr-jdlb sk`jbs, jb`tabry sldf, sl df, `fc augnfonus augnf onus incdbs. in cdbs. Sb Odo`s @rgy usu`jjy knftbfcs cdrbktjy ò`dfst tab ‚kdvdjdzbc‗ r`kbs n tab wnrjc, trydfo tr ydfo tn pusa tabg rng tab j`fc `fc wdpb tabg nut. Sb Odo`s @rgy a`s ` buc`j strukturb, stru kturb, wdta b`ka gbgibr nwdfo b`jty tn `fntabr, orb`tbr tdt`f.

098

Odjcbc Sab Odjcbc ▸  _b`l= ▸  nuoa= auob norb v`ss`j ▸   Unwbruj= g`ssdvb kykjnpb`f lfdoat ▸ Orb`t= v`jjby tdt`f jnrc ▸  Onc= gnuft`df ldfo

Sab Odjcbc Odjcbc

Gntdv`tdnf= [br [brvb vb tabdr g`stbr—s g`stbr—s wadgs Gnvbs= Ybjb`sb Sbdr Bfbroy B fbroy @jj `t Nfkb, Knjj`psb Dftn ` Udjb tn Cbkbdvb

Sb odjcbc `rb ` anst n fffbjy t`djnrbc sudts n `rgnr `rgnr,, rnibs, `fc vbstgbfts ta`t knft`df knft`df fn paysdk`j paysdk`j incy dfsdcb tabg. Dfstb`c, knjnrbc jdoat prnps prnps up tab kjntabs `fc pbbrs nut tarnuoa t arnuoa vbdjs `fc prnps up tabdr wb`pnfs. Sb Odjcbc `rb fntnrdnusjy a`rc tn `ktu`jjy cbstrny. Odjcbc cn fnt `rdsb f`tur`jjy< taby `rb krb`tbc. Gnst sbrvb pnwbruj g`stbrs wan ka`rob tabg wdta spbkdffk cutdbs, suka `s tab ou`rcdfo n ` j`dr nr tab prntbktdnf n `f dgpnrt`ft pbrsnf, suka `s tabgsbjvbs. ▸  _b`l= twdtkadfo bjbktrdk sk`r ▸  nuoa= obfbrdk `rgnr sabjj ▸   Unwbruj= adoa-`rk`fdst k`pb ▸ Orb`t= gdoaty ojnwdfo nrg n pj`tb `fc kjn`l ▸  Onc= sbftdbft aurrdk`fb n `rgbc o`rgbfts

Gboìb`sts Gb oìb`sts Gntdv`tdnf= Dofnrb tab jdttjb njl `fc on ìnut dts iusdfbss Gnvbs= Cbstrny ` [bttjbgbft, Jbvbj ` brr`df brr`df Hb`turb

Fnt ufjdlb tab Odo`s @rgy, Gboìb`sts `rb auob tdt`fdk krb`turbs ta`t rn`g tab wnrjc dfcdvdcu`jjy. Rfjdlb tab @rgy, taby `rb `fdg`jdstdk `fc a`vb fn spbkdffk on`js ntabr ta`f tn knfsugb `fc irbbc. Gboìb`sts `rb tab sdzb n gnuft`dfs. gnuft`dfs. Sbdr jb`tabry jb`tabr y sldf ds tadkl jdlb ` wa`jb—s ijuiibr, `fc tabdr anrfs `rb tab sdzb n tnwbrs. Sby `rb sn v`st `fc pnwbruj taby a`rcjy fntdkb tab `ktdnfs n kdvdjdzbc njl.

09?

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb ▸  _b`l= ▸  nuoa= auob cdrb bjl ▸   Unwbruj= knttòb-b`tdfo gbo`-ib`r ▸ Orb`t= oj`kd`j g`ggnta ▸  Onc= sfnwk`ppbc `jpdfb tnrtndsb

U`pbrjdfos

Gntdv`tdnf= Cbstrny `jj wnrcs `fc j`fouòbs Gnvbs= Hnjc @w`y tab _rdttbf, Iurst Dftn Dfcbpbfcbft [kr`ps

U`pbrjdfos `rb sbftdbft nrdo`gd. Sbdr incdbs `rb gujtdknjn U`pbrjdfos gujtdknjnrbc rbc `fc v`rdbc, `fc tabdr jb`cbrs `rb ndjbc wdta onjc jb` `fc `fc g`rijbc wdta j`pds `fc qudklsdjvbr qudklsdjvbr.. Iut tabsb tbxturbs `rb p`rt n tabg, fnt gbrbjy g`rls upnf tab sur`kb. _nrcs, tn ` U`pbrjdfo, `rb `f bxdstbftd`j tarb`t. G`rls cbfffb tabg, kòb tabg, tr`ppdfo tabdr wdtadf taby ` krucb kr ucb n uttbr`fkb `fc kujtur`j rbbrbfkb. Hnrspdrdts tads rb`snf, sbblsabjj tn bjdgdf`tb `jj snurkbs n tads pjòub n wrdtdfo. ▸  _b`l= a`fcsabbt kr`fb nf p`pyrus ▸  nuoa= knttnf rò p`pbr sw`f ▸   Unwbruj= j`rob rdkbp`pbr sf`lb ▸ Orb`t= ojnwdfo ndj panbfdx ▸  Onc= bvbrka`fodf bvbrka`fodfoo fnf-bukjdcd`f g`fdnjc

Udjjòbrs

Gntdv`tdnf= Ujufcbr `fc bsk`pb Gnvbs= Y`dc `fc Ybtrb`t, [bt [ bt dt @jj nf Hdrb

Udjjòbrs, i`ri`rd`fs, `fc dfv`cbrs kngb rng  rng g`fy nrbdof nrbdof j`fcs. Gnstjy taby `rb tbkafnjnodk`jjy `fc gòdk`jjy dfbrdnr dfbrdnr,, kannsdfo tn r`dc bxdstdfo kdvdjdz`tdnfs r`tabr ta`f cbvbjnp tabdr nwf. [ngb ornups n pdjjòbrs k`f ib rb`snfbc wdta, wadjb ntabrs k`ffnt. Snsb ta`t k`f usu`jjy usu` jjy cbg`fc orb`t rbw`rcs df bxka`fob nr jb`vdfo j`fcs dft`kt. ▸  _b`l= slujldfo r`dcbr i`fcdt ▸  nuoa= snjdc i`ri`rd`f spb`rg`f

091

Ujòubinrf ▸   Unwbruj= aujldfo ibrsbrlbr ta`fb ▸ Orb`t= g`ssdvb s`vòb knfqubrnr ▸  Onc= -

Udjjòbrs `rb nhbf gbgibrs n i`ri`rnus rdv`j trdibs.

Ujòubinrf Gntdv`tdnf= Ybg`lb tab wnrjc `s nfb ibdfo Gnvbs= Dfbkt ` Anst, Ybiudjc ` H`jjbf _`rrdnr

Sb Xdrdcd`f Ujòub ds `f ìngdfìjb cdsb`sb ta`t `fdg`tbs tab incdbs n tab cb`c `fc odvbs tabg ` tbrrdijb tadrst nr jdb. Sb Ujòub dtsbj trdbs tn rb`ssbgijb dts ansts, g`ldfo dt p`rtdkuj`rjy p`rtdku j`rjy tbrrdydfo< bvbf cdsgbgibrdfo tab Ujòubinrf dsf—t dsf—t bfnuoa tn put tabg cnwf, taby gust ib iurft tn ib cbstrnybc. Cub tn tabdr cbkngpnsdtdnf `fc rbnro`fdz`tdnf, rbnro`fdz`tdnf, tab Ujòubinrf `rb fbdtabr qudkl fnr dftbjjdo dftbjjdobft. bft. Sb Xdrdcd`f Ujòub dgiubs tabg nfjy wdta tab gnst i`sdk dfstdfkt tn auft `fc sprb`c. @t jb`st uftdj taby rb`ka krdtdk`j g`ss. ▸  _b`l= sjdgy rdsbf cno ▸  nuoa= rbknfffourbc gnrt`j zngid zngidbb ▸   Unwbruj= ijnnc nnzb ▸ Orb`t= kbgbtbry `g`jo`g ▸  Onc= ufcb`c ffbfc tdt`f

094

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb

0;5

[ly Sadfos

[ly Sadfos Gntdv`tdnf= UA—FOJRD

GOJ_—F@HA KSARJAR Y—JTBA

_O@A—F@OJ HAS@OF

Gnvbs= @ingdfìjb Unjygnrpa Ntabr, Dfcukb G`cfbss

Sb Sdfos str`fob ìngdf`tdnf ìngdf`tdnfs suf, gnnf, st`rs.[ly Sby a`vb`rb b`tabry wdfos, idrc-jdlbs rng t`jnfs,tab a`wldsa bybs, `fc jbta`jjy vbfngnus tbft`kjbs, `fc orb`t iòs `fc g`ftjbs jdlb `drinrfb mbjjyffsa. Sbdr incdbs `rb pnjypndc, tanuoa tabrb `rb nkk`sdnf`jjy nkk`sdnf`jjy sngb ta`t a`vb aug`fndc sa`pbs. [ly Sdfos a`vb `jdbf gntdv`tdnfs gntdv`tdnfs dfskrutìjb tn gnrt`js. gnrt` js. Snuoa taby `rb dggbfsbjy dftbjjdobft, dftbjjdobft, tabdr v`jub systbgs `rb sn `r ibynfc gnrt`j ufcbrst`fcdfo ta`t dt ds `jgnst dgpnssdijb tn knggufdk`tb wdta tabg. ▸  _b`l= kjnuc n sa`rp `brnpj`fltnf ▸  nuoa= j`rob b`tabrbc gbcusnzn` ▸   Unwbruj= aycrnzn`f a`wl mbjjy, pnjypndc `fobj ▸ Orb`t= bfnrgnus gujtd-wdfobc `dr gbcus` ▸  Onc= stbjj`r tbft`kjbc sbr`padg `strnfùt

Unwbr Unnj Krb`turbs

Sbsb `rb tab gdfdnfs n tab Unwbr Unwbr Unnjs. @s suka, taby `rb guka str`fobr, `fc nhbf guka gnrb pnwbruj ta`f krb`turbs rng ` Unrtnjdn. Un rtnjdn. Sbdr df﬉ubfkb ds guka gnrb v`st `s wbjj, ibkùsb gnrt`js rbjy nf tabdr pnwbr. Ybgbgibr ta`t tabsb `rb nfjy tab gdfdnfs n ` Unnj. Sb Unnjs tabgsbjvbs `rb `r or`fcbr ta`f tabsb i`sb incdbs. Kngi` K ngi`tdfo tdfo nfb ds ` ka`jjbfob wnrtay n bftdrb p`ftabnfs.

Jbh= @ ojdgpsb n tab [bvbfnjc [b`j n r`fskbfcbfkb, ` pnwbruj òbft n tab Dfl, df tab prnkbss n tr`fsj`tdfo tr`fsj` tdfo rng [dof`turb 0 tn [dof`turb 9.

0;0

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb

Sab Dfl Unrtnjdn= _rdtdfo, lfnwjbcob, knggufdk`tdnf, dggnrt`jdty. Gntdv`tdnf= Kujtdv`tb tanuoat `fc ìsnri lfnwjbcob l fnwjbcob Gnvbs= Hnrkb tabdr Hj`ws tn tab Hnrbrnft, Adcb @gnfo Dffnkbft Snuoats, Or`ft Orb`t Gbft`j H`kujtdbs

Krb`turbs n tab Dfl `rb g`cb rng tab tanuoats `fc cbsdrbs `fc krdgbs n kdvdjdzbc njl. Sby `rb kursbs, kursb s, b`rs, `fc cbsdrbs, odvbf nrg. Sbdr ij`kl `fc purpjb incdbs `rb kngpnsbc n dfly ka`r`ktbrs `fc nridccbf wnrcs, `fc tabdr pnwbrs `rb cr`wf rng wnrc. Sb Dfl w`fts tn ìsnri lfnwjbcob, `fc dt—s gnrb ta`f sg`rt bfnuoa tn sbcukb bvbf tab t ab gnst rdoatbnus prdbsts `fc snrkbrbssbs. Dt k`f jdvb b`sdjy dfsdcb `fynfb a`rinrdfo orb`t dftbjjbkt. ▸  _b`l= ﬉n`tdfo ojypa-sknut ▸  nuoa= kursb-`kbc pa`f pa`ftng tng ▸   Unwbruj= wnrc-sadhdfo oanst n p`ssdnf ▸ Orb`t= w`jldfo jdir`ry n kursbs `fc g`jbcdktdnfs ▸  Onc= knrpus bsntbrdk` n nridccbf lfnwjbcob

Sab Bvbfdf Bvbfdfo o Unrtnjdn= dgb, òdfo, cb`ta, fdoat, ka`fob, tab dfbvdtìjb. Gntdv`tdnf= Hdfc tab orb`tbst `fc irdfo tabg tn `f bfc Gnvbs= Unssbss tab Jdvdfo, brrnrdzb brrnrdzb tab Ir`vb, Cbprbss tab Mnyuj

Sb a`fcs n tab Bvbfdfo `rb or`y, oanstjy njl, nhbf kjntabc df tab sarnucs n iurd`j. Sbdr tr`fsp`rbf t r`fsp`rbftt nrgs `rb fb`rjy dfcbstruktdijb, dfcbstrukt dijb, `fc taby auft jdlb wr`dtas. Sby tadrst nr tab jdb n tansb wan sadfb irdoatbst. Sby aùft abrnbs `fc suf wnrsadpbrs, `fc try tn irdfo nf tab cusl n kdvdjdz`tdnf. Sbdr cng`df ds tab qudbt n fdoat, `fc curdfo tab fdoat taby `rb strnfobst. ▸  _b`l= or`vb oanst ▸  nuoa= sdjvbry fdoatw`jlbr ▸   Unwbruj= gnjcbrdfo kryptinrf ▸ Orb`t= ldfo n tab jnfbjy cb`c ▸  Onc= tdcbs n bfcjbss bxtdfktdnf

0;9

Bvbbri rijn jnnc Bv

Sb Odo`s @rgy rbqubftjy sbrvbs ` orb`tbr Unwbr Unnj.

Bvbrijnnc

Unrtnjdn= Xdt`jdty, prbc`tnr & prby, kdrkjb n jdb, `fdg`j tyr`ffy, sbx.

Gntdv`tdnf= Ldjj. B`t. B `t. @c`pt. @c`pt. Irbbc. Gnvbs= _nufcs Ibkngb Gut`tdnfs, Bfa`fkb ` Kngi`t`ft, J`tka Nf `fc [a`lb Dt

Bvbrijnnc g`fdbsts dtsbj `s pnwbruj gut`tdnfs `gnfo `gnfo ib`st `fc pbrsnf `jdlb. Sbsb gut`tdnfs sngbtdgbs nkkur `t idrta, iut `jsn nkkur `s tab rbsujt n dfbktdnfs curdfo tab ab`jdfo prnkbss. Sb rbsujt ds ` brnkdnus krb`turb rdppjdfo wdta `fdg`j pnwbr wansb gdfc ds `w`sa wdta p`ssdnf `fc ròb. _adjb njl g`y jdlb tn tadfl ta`t tab bjj sp`wf n tab Bvbrijnnc `rb gdfcjbss `fc dfsbfs`tb, taby `rb tab tnnjs n ` orb`t dftbjjdobfkb n vdkdnus kuffdfo `fc jbta`j s`vòbry. ▸  _b`l= s`vòb jdttjb `foirnnc ▸  nuoa= brnkdnus auftdfo vujpdfb ▸   Unwbruj= auob ijnnc-crdfldfo wbrbib`st Orb`t= ▸ irut`j rbobfbr`tdfo ▸   Onc= sygidntdk `rgnr tdt`fgut`ft aujl

0;;

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb

Orbbftdcb Unrtnjdn= Hnjdòb, pj`fts, pj`fts, trbbs, bnfs, nnc, tdgb, rnnts, bfcur`fkb. Gntdv`tdnf= Ybturf tab t ab wnrjc tn f`turb Gnvbs= [uisugb tab @rtdffkd`j, @r tdffkd`j, Yb`ka Nut `f Bfnrgnus bfcrdj, bfcrdj,

Uj`ft Rfsbbf Rfsbbf [bbcs [ bbcs Sb Orbbftdcb krb`tbs ùtnfngnus, ùtnfngnus, gnidjb pj`fts rng sndj, suf, `fc r`df. Dt usbs tabsb aujldfo, wnncy kngi`t`fts kngi`t`fts tn suisugb `fc br`sb `jj tr`kbs n ` snkdbty snkdbty.. Bvbf wabf ldjjbc, s`pjdfo s`pjdfoss prbsbft ` tarb`t< taby gust ib rbgnvbc nr iurfbc tn fbutr`jdzb tabdr sprb`c. Unssdijy gnrb-sn ta`f `fy ntabr Unwbr Unnj, tab Orbbftdcb wdsabs tn cbstrny `jj tr`kbs n kdvdjdz`tdnf. Sb Orbbftdcb knfsdcbrs kdtdbs `fc nro`fdzbc snkdbtdbs tn ib knuftbr tn tab f`tur`j nrcbr, nrcbr, `fc dt sbbls tn rbgnvb tabg. ▸  _b`l= wadppy vdfbw`jlbr ▸  nuoa= n`lbf ir`gijbsf`tka ▸   Unwbruj= gbo`vdfb nktnpus ▸ Orb`t= rbcwnnc trb`ft ▸  Onc= mufojb gdfc

Fbiuj` Fbi uj` Unrtnjdn= [ly, fdoat, st`rs, `tb, tdgb, ibùty, krb`tdnf. Gntdv`tdnf= Krb`tb ibùtduj nrcbr rng  rng vdnjbft ka`ns Gnvbs= K`jj Hnrta ` [tnrg n Ka`ns `fc Jdoat, Hnrob `f @wbsngb Unwbr, Ybdfk`rf`tdnf tarnuoa Hdrb

_abf tab Fbiuj` sbfcs `v`t`rs tn tab sur`kb wnrjc, dt sbfcs ibdfos ta`t `rb sn idz`rrb ta`t taby t aby `rb usu`jjy gdsdftbrprbtbc `s `rk`fb oansts. Sby `rb g`cb n vbdjs n jdoat `fc twdfljb wdta st`rs, st `rs, `fc tabdr a`fcs `rb `s c`rl `s ` ij`kl anjb. Sb Fbiuj` ds `gidv`jbft n tab `ﬅ`drs n dts krb`tdnfs `t ibst. @t wnrst, taby jb`rf ta`t bvbrytadfo bvbr ytadfo g`cb iy tab Fbiuj` ds gbrbjy ubj nr tab fbxt krb`tdnf. Dt tardvbs nf krb`tdnf, iut ubjs ta`t krb`tdnf wdta ` c`rl aufobr.

0;3

Ybstjbss Cbptas

Sb `wb-dfspdrdfo Fbiuj` nhbf crdvbs njl g`c wdta dts sabbr sknpb `fc sk`jb.

▸   _b`l= jugdfnus o`s wdsp ▸   nuoa= kjnuc n o`s `fc ibùty, sg`jj nrist`r ▸   Unwbruj= j`rob `fc òorbssdvb nrist`r ▸   Orb`t= psykadk fnv` ▸   Onc= o`j`xy n cbstdfy cb stdfy `fc krb`tdnf

Ybstjbss Cbptas Unrtnjdn= Dfsbkts, `r`kafdcs, ufcbrornufc, wnrgs, advbs, dfcustry dfcustr y. Gntdv`tdnf= Cbbfc tab advb wdta vdkdnus rbtrdiutdnf Gnvbs= [pdjj Hnrta dftn tab _nrjc, _nrjc, Nvbrruf Bvbrytadfo df tabdr U`ta, Br`cdk`tb Sbdr Cbbfsbs

Sb Ybstjbss Cbptas usb dfsbkts, `r`kafdcs, `fc ntabr `rtarnpncs wabf taby kannsb tn dftbrbrb df tab jdvbs n gnrt`js. [ngbtdgbs taby—jj sbfc s bfc ` sdfojb spdcbr tab sdzb n ` cdffbr pj`tb, wadjb ntabr tdgbs taby wdjj sbfc tbrrdijb aug`f-sa`pbs kngpnsbc kngpnsbc n tanus`fcs dfcdvdcu`j dfvbrtbi dfvbrtbir`tbs. r`tbs. Sb Ybstjbss Cbptas `rb jdlb ` advb n ibbs. ib bs. Sby wdjj jb`vb ` wnrjc `jnfb d taby `rb fnt cdsturibc, iut d tabdr t abdr drb ds prnvnlbc, bvbf iy tab sjdoatbst drrdt`tdnf, taby kngb sw`rgdfo nut tn uttbrjy cbstrny tab òorbssnr. ▸  _b`l= dsnpnc sknut, `r`kafdc advbspb`lbr ▸  nuoa= wnj spdcbr auftdfo p`kl ▸   Unwbruj= knufkdj n kbftdpbcb jnrcs

0;2

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb ▸ Orb`t= aug`fndc knjnfy knjnfy rdcdfo ` sdbob dsnpnc ▸  Onc= abjjdsa pdt n wadspbrdfo dfvbrtbir`tbs

Ydvbr Crònfs Unrtnjdn= _`tbr, ufstnppìjb, cds`stbr, ﬉nncs, inufty, `v`j`fkabs. Gntdv`tdnf= @vbfob gdsusb `fc k`rvb fbw p`tas Gnvbs= _`sa @w`y ` [bttjbgbft, Yudf Krnps `fc [uppjdbs, Sb Ydvbr `lbs Sbg @w`y

@v`t`rs n tab Ydvbr Crònfs usu`jjy t`lb tab nrg n pdjj`rs n guccy w`tbr wrdtadfo i`kl `fc nrta jdlb j`rob sf`lbs st`fcdfo adoa `fc prbp`rdfo tn strdlb. [ngb `rb gnrb nr jbss guccy ta`f ntabrs, `fc sngb knft`df rnkls, stnfbs, nr cnwfbc njdòb. Sb `v`t`rs n tab Ydvbr Crònfs `rb prdg`rdjy knfkbrfbc wdta tab t ab ab`jta n tabdr rdvbr-incdbs. Ijnklòbs, c`gòb, pnjjutdnf, nvbrffsadfo `fc ntabr gnrt`j dftbrbrbfkb k`f cr`w tabg up rng tab w`tbrs tn put `f bfc tn tab snurkb s nurkb n drrdt`tdnf. G`fy G`fy cbg`fc trdiutb df bxka`fob nr s`b p`ssòb. ▸  _b`l= w`tbry psbucnpnc ▸  nuoa= j`rob pytanf n guc `fc stnfb ▸   Unwbruj= od`ft gukl krnkncdjb ▸ Orb`t= ﬉nnc-inrf gbo`pnc ▸  Onc= gdjbs-jnfo gucsjdcb crònf c rònf `v`j`fkab

_abf rnusbc tn `fobr, tab Cbptas knfsugb wnrjcs wanjb.

0;8

[krb`gdfo [ly

[krb`gdfo [krb`gdf o [ly [ly Unrtnjdn= Cbstrukt Cbstruktdnf, dnf, vdnjbfkb, bfcs, gbt`j, ffrb, cds`stbr. cds`stbr. Gntdv`tdnf= G`lb ido tadfos dftn sg`jj tadfos Gnvbs= Gbtbnrdk [gdtb, Jb`vb Hj`gb df dts Hnntstbps, Bfka`ft Bfka`ft

Gbt`js Kadjcrbf n tab [krb`gdfo [ly spjdt nﬅ rng j`robr gbtbnrs tn strb`l tn tab ornufc. _abf tabsb gnjtbf gbt`j ffourbs kjdgi nut n tabdr kr`tbrs, taby j`y w`stb tn tab `rb` uftdj taby ruf nut n ab`t. Dfcdvdcu`j `v`t`rs `rb dftbjjdobft bfnuoa tn lfnw anw tn kùsb g`xdgug c`gòb, iut taby typdk`jjy dofnrb `jj `ttbgpts tn knggufdk`tb. K`tkadfo nfb—s `ttbftdnf ds ` qudkl w`y tn obt dggnj`tbc. ▸  _b`l= ngdfnus slysp`rl ▸  nuoa= iurfdfo gbt`j aug`fn aug`fndc dc ▸   Unwbruj= w`jldfo gnfnjdta n kni`jt `fc drdcdug ▸ Orb`t= `stbrndc-cbjdvbrbc k`j`gdty ▸  Onc= r`df n kngbt`ry tdt`fs

Sab [djlbf Unrtnjdn= Hìrdk, kjnta, kngnrt, cbkbptdnf, rbfffbgbft, cdsoudsb, bgptdfbss. Gntdv`tdnf= Kùsb a`vnk< g`lb tabg ffoat ffo at Gnvbs= [bw tab [bbcs n Ka`ns, Dfcukb Cdstrust `fc Yòb, Ybvb`j [bknfc-A`fc Jdbs

@v`t`rs n tab [djlbf `rb gnst nhbf nufc df tab a`rbgs n dgpnrt`ft njl, wabrb cbkbptdnf, `sadnf, `fc juxury `rb `t tabdr abdoats. Sby cdsoudsb tabgsbjvbs `s knfkuidfbs `fc bfmny onssdp onssdp `fc pnjdtdk`j g`fbuvbrdfo. [djlbf `v`t`rs cn fnt usu`jjy t`lb nf ` p`rtdkuj`r kùsb k ùsb nr pnsdtdnf, iut bfmny stdrrdfo up trnuijb nr tab s`lb s` lb n bftbrt`dfgbft. Hnr tabg, tabrb ds fn orb`tbr pjb`surb ta`f kùsdfo k`j`gdty tarnuoa gdsufcbrst`fcdfo. ▸  _b`l= wdsp n dftbjjdobft kjnta ▸  nuoa= sbkrbt sbrv`ft

0;?

@cvbrs`r rs`rdbs dbs @cvb ▸   Unwbruj= kuffdfo sdjl w`rcrnib ▸  Orb`t= pbrbkt sa`pbsadhbr ▸  Onc= aurrdk`fb n sdjl `fc jdbs

Rfdhnrgdty Unrtnjdn= Angnobfbdty, ufdnf, advbgdfc, knnpbr`tdnf, purdty. Gntdv`tdnf= Ibkngb Nfb Gnvbs= Bfa`fkb `fc Ybjb`sb ` Urdsnfbr, I`kl tab [dcb n Nrcbr, Sb Jdoat Ybvb`js tab t ab ruta ruta

Sb Rfdnrgdty ds wbjj lfnwf nr dts ìdjdty tn suivbrt suivbrt tab incdbs i ncdbs n tansb dt k`pturbs. k`pturbs. Sb Ybturfbc, `s taby `rb k`jjbc, kngb i`kl rng Rfdnrgdty wdta tab s`gb snrts n sgnnta, wadtb kbr`gdk `rgnr `fc ij`kl sdjly ufcbrkjntabs `s `jj ntabr gbgibrs n Rfdnrgdty, `fc taby [djlbf òbfts nhbf dfffjtr`tb dfffjtr` tb tab a`rbgs rbturf wdta orb`t pnwbr. n pnwbruj jb`cbrs. Rf Rfdnrgdty dnrgdty cnbs fnt sbbl tn cbstrny kdvdjdz`tdnfs. Dt sbbls tn irdfo tabg `jj tnobtabr, df ojnrdnus, a`rgnfdnus Rfdnrgdty. ▸  _b`l= skujptbc crnfb ▸  nuoa= uf`rgnrbc rbturfbc sknut ▸   Unwbruj= kbr`gdtb-`rgnrbc i`ttjb g`dcbf ▸ Orb`t= pnjygbr-knvbrbc supbrf`j gòb ▸  Onc= ojnrdnus pnrkbj`df onccbss n syggbtry

Sab Gyr Gyrd`c d`c Unrtnjdn= I`j`fkb, nimbkts, pj`kbs, ibùty ibùty,, `wb, f`turb, dgpbrbktdnf. Gntdv`tdnf= Ybw`rc pnjdtbfbss, pufdsa cdsrbspbkt Gnvbs= @w`lbf `f Nimbkt nr nnj, Irdfo Hb`st nr H`gdfb, Dftrncukb ` Onc On c Bvbf Orb`tbr

0;1

Sab Orb`t Orb`t Nfb Nfb [pdrdts cwbjj, sjbbpdfo, wdtadf `jj tadfos orb`t `fc sg`jj, `fc tabdr fugibr ds uftnjc. Sbsb spdrdts sngbtdgbs kngb nrta `s ﬉n`tdfo i`jjs n jdoat, wadjb ntabr tdgbs t dgbs taby `fdg`tb tabdr nimbkt-angbs. Sb wnrjc n tab Gyrd`c ds v`st, adbr`rkadk`j, `fc dgpnssdijy kngpjdk`tbc. [pdrdts [pdrdts nwb b`jty tn tabdr t abdr bjcbrs `fc supbrdnrs supbr dnrs `fc prntbkt tabdr mufdnrs. Cuty rujbs `jj, st`tus ds vdt`j, `fc prngdsbs `rb `jw`ys `jw`ys lbpt. Sb Gyrd`c sngbtdgbs nrgs kngp`kts nr infcs wdta gnrt`js, `fc bxpbkts bxpbkt s tab s`gb cdskdpjdfb rng tansb dt knftr`kts wdta. ▸  _b`l= kjustbr n nrbst spdrdts ▸  nuoa= p`kl n cdvdfb vujpdfb gbssbfobrs ▸   Unwbruj= ornvb n j`fcbc trbb-spdrdt jnrcs ▸ Orb`t= `fkdbft knufkdj n jbobfc`ry abrnbs ▸  Onc= rbodnf`j spdrdt bgprbss `fc kbrbgnfd`j ou`rcs

Sab Orb` Orb`t t Nfb Nfb Unrtnjdn= Uj`fbt, wnrjc, stnfb, jdb, idnspabr idnspabrb, b, sdzb, g`ss. Gntdv`tdnf= D Ornw. D D k`ffnt Ornw, D [jbbp. D D k`ffnt [jbbp, D _`lbf. Gnvbs= B`rtaqu`lb, [p`wf Jdb, [kr`tka `f Dtka

Sb Orb`t Nfb ds tab wnrjc. Df dkb òbs, dt sjugibrs. Df vnjk`fnbs dt ijbbcs. Df tab w`rg jdoat n tab suf dt ornws. Dts kadjcrbf pnpuj`tb dts sur`kb, ornwdfo `fc w`dtdfo nr tab c`y taby wdjj t`lb ﬉doat `fc nit`df tabdr nwf nridts. Sb Orb`t Nfb cnbs fnt b`r. Dt r`rbjy aufobrs. Dt i`rbjy fntdkbs `fytadfoo jbss ta`f uttbr k`t`kjysg. Anwbvbr `fytadf Anwbvbr,, sngbtdgbs s ngbtdgbs kbrt`df `ktdvdtdbs drrdt`tb dt. Drrdt`tdfo tab Orb`t Nfb ds ufwdsb. ▸  _b`l= sg`jj jdvdfo stnfb ▸  nuoa= pbrbktjy spabrdk`j sbftdbft inujcbr ▸   Unwbruj= ﬉n`tdfo stnfb tnpd`ry oyrb ▸ Orb`t= sjugibrdfo nvbrornwf ruiijb gnuft`df ▸  Onc= gdfnr pj`fbt

0;4

@ppbfcdkbs dkbs @ppbfc

@ppbfc @ppbf cdkbs J`fouòbs

Sb spdcbr st`rbc `t gb. ‚Juinl> _a`t ldfc n f`gb ds ta`t>‗

‚_a`t ldfc n f`gb ds Ldtsadrdtt> Dt snufcs jdlb crnppdfo ` iufka n stdkls!‗

Sbsb `rb s`gpjb j`fouòbs ynu k`f usb tn odvb tabg`tdk f`gbs tn rbodnfs, pj`kbs, `fc ka`r`ktbrs. Dt—s rbknggbfcbc ta`t d ynu cbkdcb fnt tn usb tabsb, t absb, ta`t ynu prdft nr fffc `fntabr jdst n s`gpjb f`gbs tn pdkl rng b`sdjy, b`sdjy, ibkùsb ynu ynu—jj —jj fbbc g`fy tarnuoa tab knursb n tab o`gb.

K`jjbrynf Djdk`s, A`ftnsd`, U`rg`, ns, Dftay`kus, Usykab, nsd`, U`fta`rgb, Ufta`, @rg`, jdfta`, Dfk`ftad`, U`rus, Ibjjbrnpan I bjjbrnpanf, f, Dk`, A`g`, Ay`kdfta, Ay`kdf ta, S`ftn S`ftnf, f, Bjdkbgkus, B jdkbgkus, Bv`cfb, K`fus, Ufns, Dfk`bjd`, U`fcnrdnf, @tj`ft`, Dk`ftnkd`, O`fygbcb, U`rnf, Dkbcns, @ftdnpb, Dxdnf, Nrdnf, @stdfns, @ftns, nkus, nkus, Bibk`jjd`, Bib k`jjd`, S`rg`, S`rus, @bta`ft`r, Knrnfds, U`fcnr`, Dgbrus, Obrynf, njorus, K`jjdstn, Dk`bjdjjd, @rnfus, Dibius

Lyuw`vd Xu`zd, Uy`sau`, Luvbu`sab`, Lw`, Trlu`, Uyr`, Ljyr`s, Jy`sblyu, T`zd, Lu`sbljy`s, Uyb, [dbf, Xbljyr`sbl, Lyblu, Xblyr`f, Hw`r`, Lwnro`, @tò`, Lur`, Hw`zd, Uyro`, Lw`sad, [`sbw`, Hwnrbf, [auo`, T`f, Udbly`sad, ]ùnn, [ayù`, [au`z`ro`, Lu`s, Tò`, Jyrlu, Jy`z`, [aur`t`, Lu`z`, Xuro`s, [`sd, Jy`, Ljyurbf, @u`, Xbsad, Ljyro`, Hw`

035

F`sf`tad`f tad`f F`sf`

F`sf`tad`f F`sf` tad`f @rj, Yd`sf`, Rr`k`sf`, Rri`td, C`riul, Lònrb, Irdj`rdt, L`r`lt, @ribjnss, Ka`sf`r`, Pnr`rd, C`rdt`rd, A`tanro`, A`tanro`, Fò, Iurj, KnjK njr`ss, Xnsf`t, Xnsf`t, I`sf`t, Ynjnsa, Rr`ka, L`rd`sf`, K`ssf`, I`sf`r`, Xnjr, K`rirdt`, Ibjnsf`r, C`sf`ka, Ka`ta, F`rfbf, btyj`r, C`k`rj`, Ibjr`s, Ibjr `s,K`rgnt, Rrjntd, Gnfnsa, @sf`r, Orbta, Orbta , Xnrjnt, Xnrjnt, Ltka`r Ltka`r,, Xns, Xns, Xnsf`ta`, Rrd Rrdt`, t`, C `r`, Pntad` C`r`,

Ubjor`gdsa Hbfo`rbj, O`ginrf, Brcng, Bf`, Rjt`rf, @rf, Hbfo`rbj, @r f, Hbjinrf, [nganrf, [`rng, Ubf`rd, Ubf`rd, O`rng, I`rf, Bjong, Bjbf`rd`, @rbf`, O`rò`ta, Hbf`, @ror`, Y`g, @o`rbf`, O`rwnrf, Ubjbonrf, Ubf, [`rbfcnr, @rwnrg, Hbjor`g, @ro`ror`, Bjta, Ordg, Hbjinrd, [`r`tanr, [`r`tanr, Dfor`g, Ubjbord`, Hbjor, Hbjor, Hbrd`, Bcbrng, B cbrng, [`rwnrg, Hbfcnrf, Bor`g, [`ror`ta

K`jr`cd`f Djvnr, Djvbdr, K`jdginr, I`jrbfd`, Kudnfdr, Kudnf, Djwbf, Xdst`rdj, Fdfcnr, Kudnf, Dinf`rdj, Djcnr, Oudjr`s, Knurf`bj, Hbdfdr, Bstuf`drb, Ibrrd`k, @tar`c`f, Fd`rvbf`r Fd`r vbf`r,, @rvnf, @r vnf, Dfcnr, Dfcnr, Di`rvbf`, Di`r vbf`, Ibfndr, Bfcujdj, Hnfkj`r, Ld`rvbfd, Fnkdrdj, @rc`rdj, Bdr, @rdjnr, Hbdfcdnf, Njugb, Djwbfd`r, @v`rdinr, Dsnjcnr, Djng, Knurf`, Bjdfcbb, T`rdgb, Dnfkj`r Dnf kj`r,, J`fcdnf, Djwbf`rta, Fbdwbf, Cnrdjvnr, Cnrdjvnr, Cnr`g`rta, Hdrwbf, Bfojnr

Yufm`bsb [uji`fo, Ayuf, _ui`f, _ui`f, Y`lnf, [`l, Y`bnfo, [ufmò, C`fs`bmuf, [`bnf, Lufo, _ujiò, _ujiò, Yufo, C`bmufo, [`byuidf, [`b yuidf, Ybynn, Or`bsulnf, [nfo, [ujidfsnfo, Aybnf, [ufsul, _ufsuj, Y`bnfsul, Y `bnfsul, Ybmy`bsuj, C`b`fsu, Yby`l, Y`f, [uji`fmy`, _ufo`, Tufm`b, [ufmy`bnf, Ldfsnul, [nfsu, [ nfsu, Ay`f, Ay`f, Jb`fo, J b`fo, Y`fsu, _nul, _nul, O`bnl, Y`bnu, [ujidfsnu, [nujidg, O`bnf, C`l

030

@ppbfcdkbs dkbs @ppbfc

A`z`zd`f @xnjnzuo, Pjboan, Qjnta, O—jbrd`, ]bbta, [a`qjnoa, Laòaò, La`z`dy`t, Lrnnj`, Kujnf, [upaurbj, Uf`zòan, Uf`zòan, ]bjnl, ] bjnl, Labtar`qt, Bsa, ]brnng, ]`z`, Bbjnoa, B bjnoa, Pjbs`, Qnlr`d, @bjnl, Bjdy`d, Uaurbf, Uaurbf, Nnwrl, Qjnnzrng, ]bfòo, Crnnj, Qnf, ]robbj, Lrnz, La`, Tofrbf, [ardy`l, ]`zjnzb, Lr`dy`zb, [`sauj`d, Lt`ta, @la, T`jd, Qnnf, Canoa, Labta`, @ta`tauo

039

Sìjb ìjb nh nh Djjustr` Djjustr`tdnfs tdnfs S

Sìjbb nh Sìj nh Djj D jjustr ustr` `td tdnfs nfs

I`sdjdsl ..................................... ......................................................19 .................19 Nutj`fcbr .................................................30 Ibanjcbr ......................................... ...................................................18 ..........18 Nutj`fcbr .................................................82 .................................................82

Ibftadk Nfbs ........................................ ........................................... ... 93 K`tnjl ..................................... ..................................................... ................ 81 K`tnjl ..................................... ................................................... .............. 095 Ka`ns-inrf .................................... ..............................................94 ..........94 Kncbx Udjb ...................................... ............................................. ....... 039 Kncbx, _b`pnf .......................................99 Kngp`fdnf .................................... ..............................................2; ..........2; Knrruptdnf ..................................... ............................................ ....... 092 Cbgnfnjl ...............................................9? Cbgnfnjl ..................................... .............................................. ......... 23 Cbgnfnjl .............................................090 Cbsbrt wdta [a`rcs .................................. ..................................98 98 Cbvnurbr......................................... .................................................. ......... 23 Cbvnurbr...................................................2? Crònfbwt................................................30 Crònf turtjb ....................................... ...........................................2; ....2;

Nutj`fcbr ................................................ ..................................... ........... 81 U`kt Gdstrbss ............................................32 ............................................32 U`fonj` U`fo nj` ................................... .....................................................?4 ..................?4 U`fonj`, U`fo nj`, Fbrvnus.................................. 059 U`fonj`, U`fo nj`, Yuffdfo ................................... 41 Udjjòbrs ........................................ ................................................. ......... 094 Ujòubinrf ................................... ............................................ ......... 099 Uj`fbt`ry Knfsugptdn Knfsugptdnf f .........................09 Uj`ftnjl ...................................................2? Urdbstbss ........................................ ................................................... ........... 05 Urdbstbss ........................................ ....................................................88 ............88 Pubbf...................................... ..................................................... ............... 095 Pudjspdlb ...................................... ..................................................8; ............8; Ybstjbss Cbptas ................................... ....................................... 0;8 Ydvbr Crònf....................................... ........................................... .... 03 Yust Gnfstbr....................................... ........................................... .... ;1

Bqudpgbf Bqudpgbft t ...................................... ................................................?8 ..........?8 Bvbfdfo...................................................000 Bvbrijnnc ....................................... .............................................. ....... 004 Hnrswnrf........................................ Hnrswn rf.................................................. .......... 95 Hnxk`tt ....................................... Hnxk` ........................................................;? .................;? Odo`s @rgy @rgy .................................... ........................................... ....... 0;; Onijdf ...................................... ...................................................... ................ ?3 Onccbss ................................... ................................................. .............. 058 Ontadk Jnjdt` ........................................ .......................................... 003 Orb`t Nfb ....................................... ................................................ ......... 31 Orbbftdcb..................................................;0 A`rpy ....................................... ........................................................;; .................;; Dfl ..................................... .......................................................... ..................... 058 Dfl ..................................... .......................................................... ..................... 0;5 J`gd` ....................................... ....................................................... ................ 05 Jdoatwdfo ....................................... .................................................99 ..........99

[krb`gdfo [ly [ly..........................................10 ..........................................10 [a`cbw`jlbr .............................................9? [a`cbw`jlbr ........................................ .............................................18 .....18 [a`rc bgpjb ...................................... ...........................................49 .....49 [ardfb ..................................... ..................................................... ................ 00; [djlbf...................................................... [djlbf.................. .................................... 0;1 [ly Sdfo ............................................. ................................................00? ...00? [jdgb-j`gd` .................................. ..............................................;2 ............;2 [nkd`jdtb ....................................................;? [nkd`jdtb ....................................................80 [njcdbr .................................... .......................................................8; ...................8; [njcdbr .................................... ...................................................... .................. ?5 [njcdbr .................................... ...................................................... .................. ?3 [njcdbr .................................... .......................................................19 ...................19 [nrkbrbss ....................................... ...................................................;2 ............;2 [pdcbrgnta................................... ...............................................88 ............88

Jdz`rcnjl, ...................... ..........................0; ....0; Jusa Ydvbr G`jb X`jjbyHrdjjbc .................... .....................................08 .................08 Gboìb`st...................................... .................................................38 ...........38 Gdfntùr........................................ ...................................................32 ...........32 Gdfntùr........................................ .................................................. .......... 81 Gyrd`c................................................... Gyrd`c........... .......................................... 00; F`tur`j F`t ur`j @rgnr .........................................?4 .........................................?4 Fbiuj`...................................... .................................................... .............. 0;2 Fnijb........................................ ........................................................ ................ ?3 Fuklbj`vbb Fukl bj`vbb ..................................... ............................................ ....... 003 Nfd.............................................................24 Nutj`fcbr ....................................... .................................................;; ..........;;

[tnfb @ob...................................................80 Ka`r`ktbr ...............................0; [ukkuius `r`squb........................................ ....................................................82 ............82 Sdb......................................... .......................................................... ................. 81 rbb `fc [ufsbt................................... ........................................42 .....42 Rfcb`c....................................................000 Rfcbrkdty Rfcb rkdty ...................................... ..................................................0? ............0? Rfcbrwnrjc Rfcb rwnrjc .................................. ..............................................12 ............12 Rfdnrgdty Rfd nrgdty..................................... ............................................. ........ 09; _nj .......................................................... .......................................................... ?5 _yrcjdfo ....................................... ...................................................24 ............24 Tnufo @cvbf @cvbfturbr turbr ...................................00

03;; 03

Heroines of The First Age

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