Hello French Le Bouquin Volume 1

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LE BOUQUIN  French  Fr ench Essentials Essentials for for Beginners Beginners

Cécilia Jourdan & Marie-Lola Sendra

 

 Le Bouq Bouquin: uin: French French Essentials Essentials for for Beginners Beginners 

 

by Cécilia Jourdan and Marie-Lola Sendra. Copyright © 2022 Cécilia Jourdan  All rights reserved. reserved.

No portion of this book may be reproduced or distributed in any form without prior  written permission permission from from the authors. authors. For For information information about about permissions, permissions, contact contact [email protected] Design & Layout: J&P Illustrations: Criselis Pérez Photography: Hello French NYC Names: Cécilia Jourdan, Marie-Lola Sendra Title: Le Bouquin: French Essentials for Beginners Description: First edition | New York 

 

 Bonjour!   Bonjo ur!  We’re Cécilia and Marie-Lola, two French natives living in New York City with a decadelong experience making French accessible (and fun!) for all. We co-authored Le Bou Bouqui quin n to ll the gaps we found in most French learning materials: books so grammar-focused, they often result in impractical and boring lessons. Similarly, Similar ly, many books for beginners can come across as made for children.

 Le Bouqu Bouquin in is a modern and elevated French language learning resource—the one we always wanted our students to have. What this book is NOT:

• An overwhelming and indigestible book (want 300+ pages of over-comprehensive French grammar? grammar? —try something else!) • A grammar-exclusive book that feels unrelatable (we assume you won’t need to say “My cat is in the kitchen at my parent’s house” every day.) By the end of this book, you’ll know:

• How to describe yourself, have conversations, and make friends • How to navigate, make make appointments, and get what you need (without relying on Google!) Googl e!) • Everyday slang and idiomatic expressions Most of all, we want you to feel condent and excited to practice what you’ve learned with us, whether you’re traveling abroad or impressing your French waiter. For questions, feedback, or just to say bonjour : email us at [email protected] We hope you enjoy Le Bou Bouqui quin n as much as we loved creating it for you!

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

3

 

Préface Learning French is no easy endeavor, so congratulations on embarking on this journey! We’re glad to be part of it! Since you are starting to learn French (or reviving it), we chose to write this book in English to facilitate the understanding of the key concepts (but be aware the next level up may not be!) There are a few principles and some general information we’d like to share with you before you dive in and learn French with us:

Challenges: French has a complex grammar and unusual spelling which makes learning the language a challenge for many (including French native speakers themselves!)

Origins & Pronunciation:  French words don’t always sound like they are written (unlike the Spanish language, for example). Why? French has multiple origins: Latin, Gallic and Frankish, with many inuences language, from Greek. It is also constantly inuenced by other languages, our evolving societies, and the digital world (internet, social media, etc).

 Examples:  Examp les:

Femme (woman) (woman) is  is pronounced faahm Août (august) (august) is  is pronounced oot (monsieur) is  is pronounced muh-see-uh Monsieur (monsieur)

Nouns & gender: In French, nouns are gendered. Most nouns are always either masculine (we’ll use the letter m. in this book) or feminine (the letter f.) and some can vary in gender (such as for nationalities or  job).  job ). Fo Forr exa exampl mple, e, a teac teacher her ca can n be be une professeure (f.) or un professeur (m.)

Agreement: In French, the words that surround a noun in a sentence (like articles or adjectives) have have to reect (to ‘agree with’) the gender and number of the noun. Every noun will have both a singular (refers to one item) and a plural form (refers (refers to two or more items). This is what we call the number of the noun.

Gender agreemen agreementt

Agreement in number

Masculin: Un Un profess  professeur eur intelligen  intelligentt (m. s.)

Singular: Une professeure intelligente (f. s.)

Feminine: Un Une e profess  professeur eure e intelligen  intelligentte (f. s.)

Plural: Des Des professeure  professeuress intelligente  intelligentess (f. p.)

 An in inte telli llige gent nt te teach acher  er 

Intelligent teachers

Grammar Terms LES PRONOMS - Pronouns Pronouns replace  replace the noun in a sentence.  Juliet iette te lik likes es st stra rawbe wberri rries es →  → She likes strawberries  strawberries   Ex: Juliette aime les fraises → Elle aime les fraises - Jul LES ADJECTIFS - Ad  Adjec jectiv tives es describe/modify  describe/modify nouns/pronouns nouns/pronou ns with which they agree in gender gender & number.  Ex: Elle aime les fraises rouges - She likes red strawberries LES ADVERBES  - Ad  Adver verbs bs change  change the meaning of a verb, adjective or other adverb.  Ex: Elle aime vraiment les fraises - She really likes strawberries

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4

 

Préface  Inclusive Writing  You will see in this book some inclusive writing (l’écriture inclusive) or neutral language (le language neutre), a language that ensures an equal representation of women and men, and aims to remove gender stereotypes in the French Frenc h language. For example, the noun teacher will be written this wayun.e professeur.e  in inclusive writing instead of using the masculine version un professeur. Although l’écriture inclusive appeared in France in the 1970’s with the feminist movement, the French Education Educat ion Minister has formally banned the use of inclusive writing in ofcial texts. There is an old gramma grammarr rule in place that “the masculine prevails over the feminine” (le masculin l’emporte sur le féminin), and many are against the use of inclusive writing in French. We still chose to teach you French this way in our book as equal representation is essential. The way we speak, read, and write a language inuences how we think. Also, note that the gender-neutral pronoun iel (equivalent to the ‘they’ in English) was introduced in the French language recently (and integrated integrated in Le Robert dictionary in 2021). It is slowly (but hopefully surely!) being accepted and used in France. Iel was formed by blending the pronoun il - he he and  and elle - she she   and is sometimes written yel or ielle. The plural version is iels. We’ll use the abbreviation n-b to indicate non-binary in this book.

 Abbreviations  Abbr eviations Below you will nd a recap of some of the abbreviations you’ll see in this book: Masculin: m. Feminine: f. Non-Binary: n-b Various genders: mixed

Plural: p. Singular: s. Formal: for. (polite, used mostly in formal situations) Informal: inf. (casual/spok (casual/spoken en French, used in informal situations)

 Subject Pronoun Pronounss Person

Singular 

English

Plural

English

1st

 je / j’j’

I

nous

we

2nd

tu

 you  yo u (inf.)

vous

 you  yo u (for. s. / inf. p.)

3rd

il

he / it 

ils

they (m. pl. or mixed)

elle

she / it 

elles

they (f. pl.)

on

one / we / they 

n/a

n/a n/ a

iel

they (n-b)

iels

they (n-b . mixed)

Verbs The verb is the most important word of a sentence as it expresses the action or the state of the subject. The verb says what the subject does or what the subject is. The action or state expressed by the verb can be presented in several ways through tenses tenses (  (temps) and modes ( modes  (modes). The tense tense indicates  indicates when the action takes place (past, present, future), and the mode mode i  is s the way in which the verb expresses the state or action (for example, example, is it a condition, advice, advice, a command?)

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

5

 

Préface Conjugation of Verbs Verbs are formed with a root (a stem) and an ending. In French there are three groups of verbs depending on the ending of their innitives. The innitive is the non-conjugated form of the verb. Here are some examples of verbs and their forms in the present tense and conditional mode. INFINITIVE

PRESENT TENSE

CONDITIONAL TENSE

1st Group

parle parl er - to speak 

Je parle parle

Je parlerais parlerais

2nd Group

nir n ir  - to end

Je nis nis

Je nirais nirais

partir part ir  - to leave

Je pars pars*

Je partirais partirais

prendre prend re - to take

Je prends prends

Je prendrais prendrais

pouvoir pouv oir - can

Je peux peux**

Je pourrais pourrais**

savoi sav oirr - to know 

Je sais sais**

Je saurais saurais**

connaîtr connaî tre e - to know 

Je connais connais

Je connaîtrais connaîtrais

aller all er - to go

Je vais vais**

J’irais J’ irais**

3 Group rd

*French is full of irregularities and rules usually have exceptions. While endings are usually added to the root, this may not always be the case. This is why it is important to learn the fully conjugated form of the verb.

 Book Structure  Structure  This book is divided into 10 themes, them es, with color-coded categories to help you along the way. way. We recommend you start with Thème 1 rst and work your way to Thème 10.

Grammaire

Vocabulaire

Communication

grammar

vocabulary

communication

You can listen to recordings of how to pronounce words, sentences and also listen to conversations when you see the sign icon on the left. Simply tap on the icon and you will be led to a new page to listen!

Attention !

Culture   culture

Tap here to listen to le dialogue

We’ve added notes to expand on particular topics (grammar rules, cultural explanation, explanation, and other tips) in the book, so pay attention to the asterisks (*) and read our comments in the blue “Attention” box.

 French  Fr ench Word ordss We decided to write a few words only in French consistently throughout this book as they are repeated repeated in each theme: theme:

Thème Exemple(s) Prononciation Verbes

theme example(s) pronunciation verbs

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Adverbes Attention Singulier Pluriel

adverbs warning 

Féminin Masculin

feminine masculine

singular  plural 6

 

La Prononciation  Pro  Pronunci nunciation ation Below is an overview of the basics of French pronunciation to help you condently tackle the themes ahead. Note that various French sounds do not exist in English. The French alphabet is the same as the one in English, but many letters and letter combinations differ in pronunciation. We chose to teach you with English sounds/words you know instead of using the IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) because we doubt most of you are familiar with its symbols ([ɛ], [œ̃], [ɥ] anyone?) Don’t be discouraged if you can’t distinguish the difference between certain sounds below. It takes time to train your ear to a new language! We recommend you listen to each audio several times and repeat the sounds, too. You’ll also learn (or review) more than 100 French words with this pronunciation guide. Before your review, we want to remind you that a  syllable is part of a word that contains a single vowel and is pronounced as one unit. So for example, “read” has one syllable and “reading” has two syllables.

Les voyelles vowels Vowel

French examples

Tips & English reference

a

la (the) (the),, ma (my)

Similar to ah ah or  or the a in father

à

là (there) (there),, déjà (already)

Same as above

â

pâte (pasta) (pasta),, âne (donkey)

Same as above but where the a sound is a bit longer

e

cher (expensive) (expensive),, mer (sea)

In a middle of a syllable, similar to the sound ai  in  in pair 

e

 je (i) (i),, le (the)

angel.. When at the end of a syllable, similar to e in angel The tongue stays at the bottom of the mouth which is rounded in an oval shape

e

voiture (car) (car),, facile (easy)

E  is  is silent at the end of a word

é

été (summer) (summer),, élégant (elegant)

This sound doesn’t exist in English. The closest sound would be ey  in  in he hey  y  but  but with your mouth being less open, and with the shape of a slight smile

è

mère (mother) (mother),, père (father)

Similar to the sound ai  in  in pair 

ê

fête (party) (party),, rêve (dream)

Same as above

i

lit (bed) (bed),, rire (laugh)

Similar to the sound ee ee in  in feel but shorter in length

y

name), cyclisme (  (cycling  cycling )  Yves  Yv es (a rst name),

Sometimes when starting a word or between 2 consonants, same as above (y = i sound in French)

o

mot (word) (word),, dos (back)

When o is the last sound of a syllable, then similar to o in cold cold..

ô

hôtel (hotel) (hotel),, hôpital (hospital)

Same as above

o

notre (our) (our),, bol (bowl)

If followed by a consonant, like the o of the English word ton

u

tu (you) (you),, rue (street)

ee (like This sound doesn’t exist in English. Say ee  (like in feel)) while making a tiny O shape with your mouth feel

û

mûr.e (ripe) (ripe),, sûr.e (sure)

Same as above

ou

fou (m. crazy), crazy), nous (we, us)

Similar to the oo oo in  in food food but  but shorter in length

ai, ei

lait (milk) (milk),, seize (sixteen)

Similar to the e in met 

au, eau

beau (m. beautiful), beautiful), chaud.e (hot)

Similar to the letter o in English

eu

euro (euro) (euro),, neveu (nephew)

Similar to the e in her  but  but with your mouth almost closed and in a u shape

eu

heure (hour/time) (hour/time),, œuf (e)

Similar to the e in her 

(closed)

(open)

(closed) (open)

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

Listen

7

 

Les semi-voyelles  semi semi-vowels vowels French examples

Tips & English reference

ie, y

dieu (god) (god),, voyage (trip)

Similar to the y  the y  sound  sound in yel in yellow  low 

ui

pluie (rain) (rain),, nuit (night)

Similar to the ui  sound  sound in ennuie (loanword: boredom)

oi

soir (evening) (evening),, boire (to drink)

Similar to a wah wah sound  sound

Listen

Les nasales nasal vowels These sounds do not exist in English! French examples

Tips & English reference

on, om

non (no) (no),, ombre (shadow)

Similar to on on in  in song  but  but with more rounded lips (like you are making a very small O shape)

an, am, en, em

enfant (child) (child),, ambiance (ambiance)

Your mouth is wide open and relaxed, and your tongue touches the back of your mouth

un, in, im, ain, ein*

un (a/an) (a/an),, main (hand)

uh-huh   Similar to the sound u when you say uh-huh (while smiling)

Listen

* Other spellings for this sound: aim, eim, en, em, im, um, ym, yn, um. Some consider there are 2 different sounds in this third category of nasal sounds (in the South of France, for example) where the words un  and main are pronounced slightly differently. differently. Watch Cécilia say a fun French sentence (about wine) with all these nasal vowel sounds and repeat after her HERE.

Les consonnes consonants All French consonants (except r ) are pronounced closer to the front of the mouth than in English. Also, note that the French tongue is alway alwayss ‘tensed’ for consonants. Unlike in English, French consonants do not have an initial aspiration. In the word potato, for example, when you say the initial p, you release a little puff of air. In French there isn’t such a thing at the start of words, but there is a slight aspiration at the end of words (ending with certain consonants consonants). ). Patate Vs.

Potato

Carotte Vs.

Carrot

French examples

Tips & English reference

b

bébé (baby) (baby),, bizarre (weird)

Similar to the English b but with a tight mouth position

d

dame (lady)  (lady),, drôle (funny)

Similar to the English d

f

femme (woman) (woman),, frère (brother)

Same as the f  in  in English

 j

 jupe  jup e (skirt) (skirt),, job (job)

It sounds as if you remove the d sound of the j  the j  in  in the Joh the John n. For English loanwords, the j  the j  is  is the same as in English

k

kiwi (kiwi) (kiwi),, kiffer (to like in slang)

Very similar as in English but with a tight mouth

v

voir (to see), see), vivre (to live)

Same as English v 

(soft)

(cider),, silence (silence) cidre (cider)

When paired with an e, i, y, it’s a soft s sound like in English

c

sucre (sugar) (sugar),, café (coffee)

When followed by a consonant or the vowels a, o , u, it sounds like a k 

ç

ça (that) (that),, garçon (boy)

It sounds like an s

c

(hard)

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Listen

8

 

c+h c+ h

château (castle) (castle),, charisme (charisma)

Same as the sh in shake shake.. In some loanwords (from Greek), it’s a k  sound  sound

g

gentil (nice) (nice),, gilet (cardigan)

When followed by an e, i, y it’s similar to the g  the  g  sound  sound in English like in gen in genre re

g

gâteau (cake) (cake),, grand.e (big, tall)

When followed by an a, r, o, it’s similar to  g  sound f  the g  the  sound in English like in gol in golf 

g +n

champagne (champagne) (champagne),,  gagner (to win)

Almost always found in middle of words, it’s like  gn sound lasagna (with the gn the  sound in lasagna  (with a few exceptions)

h

homme (man) (man),, huit (eight)

The letter h in French is always silent. Consider it a mute sound

l

livre (book) (book),, lune (moon)

Same as the l sound in English

ll

lle (girl) (girl),, elle (she)

Between an i and an e, it sounds like the y  the  y  in yes  in yes   (some exceptions), otherwise it sounds like an l

l

bal (ball) (ball),,  ail (garlic)

At the end of words, it’s often pronounced like an l, except with semi-vowels, then same pronunciation as above

m

mec (guy) (guy),, comme (like) (like),, ami (friend)

Same sound as the m sound in mom mom when  when the m starts words, is doubled in the middle of a word, or in between two syllables

n

nu.e (naked) (naked),, année (year) (year),,  canard (duck)

The n sound behaves the same way as m (see above)

p

pomme (apple), après (after)

Pronounced like a p in English

q

qui (who) (who),, cinq (ve)

q is always pronounced like a k . Almost always paired with a u, and rarely found by itself

r

(red),, plaisir (pleasure) (pleasure),,  rouge (red) parler (to speak)

r  at  at the start or middle of a is pronounced audibly and distinctively, less so at the end of a word, and is silent in -IR and -ER innitive verbs

s

sain (healthy) (healthy),, poison (poison) (poison),,  poisson (sh)

At the start of a word, s sounds like the English s. Within words, s makes a z a z sound,  sound, but when doubled, it remains an s sound

t

tante (aunt) (aunt),, patience (patience) (patience),,  tout (all)

t  sounds  sounds like a t  like  like in team team in  in most words. t  can  can also sound like an s when followed by ion, ien, ia, ie. ie.

w

wagon (wagon) (wagon),, wi (wi)

It can sound like an English v  or  or a w  depending  depending on the word (and if it’s a loanword)

x

examen (exam) (exam),, sexe (sex) (sex),, dix (ten)

3 ways to say x in French: sounds like a [gz], [ks] or and s sound

y

on y va (let’s go), go), yeux (eyes)

Y  is ee.. At the  is a preposition by itself and is pronounced ee llow  w  start or certain words, it’s the sound of the y  the y  in ye  in yello

z

zèbre (zebra) (zebra),, assez (enough)

At the start of words, z words, z has  has the same sound as the  z. English z. At the end of words, z English words, z is  is often silent

(soft)

(hard)

(nal)

Les consonnes muettes  silent consonants Six consonants are usually silent at the end of a word (they may be subject to liaison, described in Thème 2): d (grand - tall tall), ), p (beaucoup - a lot ), ), s (trois - three three), ), t (petit - small small), ), x (prix - price price), ), z (riz - rice rice))

L’accentuation  stress Unlike in English, in French we stress (or accentuate) the nal syllable of a word Parris Vs. Pa

Paris

Normandie Vs.

Normandy

In sentences, stress is placed on the nal syllable of the phrase. (In English, words retain their individual stress in a sentence) Je visite la ville de Paris. Vs.

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

I’m visiting the city of Paris.

9

 

Table des Matières Table of Contents Contents 13

THEME 1

The Basics 14

The geography of France

14

Introduction

15

L’alphabet

16

Denite and indenite articles (le/la/les/une/un/des)

16

Cities and places in France

17

THEME 2

 Identity & Greetings Greetings 18

ID Card

18

How to introduce yourself

19

Numbers 1-20  1-20  | Verbs: être & avoir  | Regular -ER verbs: parler & habiter

20

Preposition à  | Contracted article  article  | Liaison

21

Jobs and nationalities

22

Greetings and manners (tu vs. vous)

23

Addressing someone you don’t know

24

THEME 3

 Paris  Pa ris & Tran Transportation sportation 25

Paris districts (arrondissements) & monuments

26

Conversations in public transportation (subway, taxi, bus, biking or walking)

26

Means of transportation & Directions

27

Verbs: prendre, aller, faire  | 3 ways to ask questions  questions  | Prepositions for places

27

Fun facts about the Parisian subway

28

THEME 4

 Accommodation  Acco mmodation 29

Hotel conversation

30

Verbs: dormir, partir, devoir  | Locution il y a  | How to ask for the time

31

Negation (ne…pas)

31 32

Hotel vocabulary  vocabulary  | Accommodation Accommodation   | Moments of the day Hotels in Paris

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10

 

Table des Matières Table of Contents Contents 33

THEME 5

 At the Bakery & Café  Café  34

Conversation at the bakery and at a café

35

Breakfast pastries  pastries  | Breads and coffees

36

Verb: vouloir  | Adverbs

37

Tense: Near future fu ture (le futur proche)

37

What not to say at a bakery, café and restaurant!

38

THEME 6

 At the Restaur Restaurant ant / Bar  39

Dialogue at a restaurant with a server

40

Partitive article (de la, du, de l’, des, de, d’)  | Expressions with avoir

41

Tense: Conditional (le conditionnel) 

41 42

Vegetables   | Fruits Vegetables Fruits   | Restaurant menu items

43

Cécilia’s dad’s dad’s restaurant in Paris (Le Colimaçon) and a secret password to get VIP treatment there

44

Meals of the day  day  | Paying at a restaurant

THEME 7

Cultural places 45

Conversation at the museum

46

Demonstrative Demonstrativ e adjectives (ce, cet, cette, ces)

47

The imperative mode

47

Types of cultural places  places  | Museum vocabulary

48

Paris museum recommendations recommendations   | Types of museum tickets in France

49

THEME 8

 Shopping 50

Conversation at the clothing store  store  | Conversation between friends

51

Reexive verbs

52

Verbs for shopping

53

Qualifying and possessive adjectives (mon, ma, mes, ton, ta, tes, son, sa, ses )

53

Clothing items  items  | Beauty Beauty   | The bookstore

54

French slang  slang  | Where to shop in Paris (best streets and store recommendations) recommendations)

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11

 

Table des Matières Table of Contents 55

THEME 9

 Emergency  Emerg ency kit  56

Numbers to call in France in case of an emergency

57

How to make an appointment  appointment  | Dialogue at the doctor’s ofce

58

Modal verbs (devoir, falloir, pouvoir)

59

How to express pain with avoir 

59

Health issues  issues  | Types of doctors  doctors  | Self-care places

60

THEME 10

 French  Fr ench in real real life  life  61

Speak like a native (expressions, slang, and curse words)

62

French music

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12

 

thÈme 1

Les Bases The Basics

 

La Carte de France The map of France 

Communication Bienvenue!

Tap here to listen to le dialogue

Welcome!

Bonjour,, je m’appelle Cécilia et je viens de Paris. Bonjour Hello, my name is Cécilia and I’m from Paris.

Coucou (inf.), moi c’est Marie-Lola et je viens du Sud de la France. Hi, I’m Marie-Lola and I’m from the South of France.

Et toi? Tu viens d’où? (inf.)  And  An d you you?? Wher Where e are are yo you u fro from?  m? 

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

thÈme 1

14

 

L’alphabet The alphabet  Let’s practice what you just learned in the pronunciation guide as we go through each letter of the alphabet in French. Every word below is associated with Paris, whether it is a monument, a school, a museum or a French brand.

A

Arrondissement

B

Bistro

C

Cimetière Père-Lachaise

D

Défense

E

Elysée

F

Faubourg Saint-Honoré

G

Grand Palais

H

Halles

I

Institut du Monde Arabe

J

Jardin du Luxembourg

K

Kiosque

L

Louvre

M

Musée

N

Notre-Dame de Paris

O

Opéra Garnier

P

Panthéon

Q

Quai D’Orsay

R

Musée Rodin

S

Sacré-Cœur

T

Tour Eiffel

U

Université de la Sorbonne

V

Versailles

W

Wagon de métro

X

L’école X

Y

Yves Saint Laurent

Z

Zoo de Vincennes

Tap here for la prononciation From top: la rive gauche - the left bank  (7ème  (7ème arrondissement), Cécilia at Le Jardin du Luxembourg, Croissant in front La Bourse subway station, Cécilia and her wife Criselis at La Place des Vosges, le musée d’Orsay, la tour Eiffel, La Bonne Franquette in Montmartre

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de l’alphabet

If you’re planning a trip to Paris and would like to experience the French capital like a Parisian, check the guide Hello Paris!

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Vocabulaire  le pays the country une carte a map un euve a river  des montagnes mountains la mer Méditerranée the Mediterranean sea la Manche the English channel

l’océan Atlantique une ville un village une frontière une île

the Atlantic ocean a city  a village a border  an island

la ville the city un monument un musée un jardin un quartier

a monument  a museum a garden a neighborhood

une gare un cimetière une cathédrale une école

a train station a cemetery a cathedral a school

Grammaire  In French, we always use an article in front of a noun (or another determiner). determiner). In this book, you will see either a denite or indenite article preceding nouns. This will indicate their gender. gender. Both the denite and the indenite article can be used depending on the context. The denite article must be used when it refers to a concept, a broad category or a specic place.

Article défini definite article  It refers to a person or a thing that is identied or specied

The

Singulier 

Féminin

Pluriel

La Less Le

Masculin

Le

Article indéfini indefinite article  It refers to a person or a thing that is unidentied or unspecied

Féminin

a / an

some (or no article at all)

Singulier 

Pluriel

Une Des

Masculin

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Un

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Identité et Salutations  Identity  Ide ntity & Greetin Greetings gs

 

Identité  ID Card  Card  Attention !

*French people can have various middle names. Sometimes it can be the names of their grandparents, grandparen ts, for example. **Note that in France, we write dates in this order: DD/MM/YY. The day comes rst, then the month, and nally the year.

NOM NO M

Dubois

Nationalité

Française

Last name / Surname

Nationality 

Prénoms

Date de naissance

Florence, Sylvie, Louise

16/01/1994



First names

Sexe

Birth date

Féminin

Gender 

Taille

1.65 m

Height 

Communication How to introduce yourself:

Je m’appelle Florence Dubois.

Tap here to listen

My name is Florence Dubois.

to l’introduction ↳ Slow French in

Je suis une femme / un homme / une personne non-binaire.

↳ Native Speed  Speed 

I am a woman / a man / non-binary non-binary..

Je suis française (f.) I am French.

J’ai vingt-neuf ans.

Attention !

I am 29 years old.

Je suis professeur professeure e (f.) de français.

Note that we use the verb to have (avoir) in French to express age, not to be (être)  like in English. How do you feel about this linguistic difference? Do you prefer the concept of ‘having ’ or ‘being  ‘being ’ your age?

I am a French teacher.

Je parle français et anglais. I speak French and English.

J’habite à Cannes. I live in Cannes.

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Grammaire  COMPTER JUSQU’À     Count until 20 Numbers are essential to learn, especially when you visit a French speaking country. You’ll need them to understand and express the time of day, dates, and the cost of things, for example. 1

Un

11

Onze

2

Deux

12

Douze

3

13

4

Trois  Trois  Quatre   Quatre

14

Treize  Treize  Quatorze   Quatorze

5

Cinq   Cinq

15

Quinze   Quinze

6

Six   Six

16

Seize   Seize

7

Sept   Sept

17

Dix-sept   Dix-sept

8

Huit   Huit

18

Dix-huit   Dix-huit

9

Neuf   Neuf

19

Dix-neuf   Dix-neuf

Dix

20

Vingt

10

Tap here for la

Verbes

prononciation from ↳ 1 - 10 ↳ 11 - 20

ÊTRE to be

AVOIR to have

Je suis suis   Tu es Il/elle/on/iel est est   Nous sommes sommes   Vous êtes êtes   Ils/elles/iels sont

J’ai   J’ai Tu as as   Il/elle/on/iel a  Nous avons avons   Vous avez avez   Ils/elles/iels on ontt

ÊTRE et AVOIR are the two most common verbs in French. They are used as single verb but can also be used in past tenses as an ‘auxiliary’ verb (a helping verb) like in the passé composé (we will cover this tense in Le Bouquin Volume 2). The conjugation of these two verbs is very irregular, so you must learn them by heart.

REGULAR VERBS As mentioned in the Preface there are three groups groups of verbs in French. Le premier groupe (the rst group) is group) is composed of regular verbs ending in -ER. Some of them include: manger - to eat , marcher - to walk , parler - to talk , écouter - to listen, listen, habiter - to live. To conjugate a regular -ER verb you need to replace la terminaison (the ending) “ ending) “er” by the corresponding ending for each subject pronoun you’ll see below:

LES TERMINAISONS DES VERBES EN ER AU PRÉSENT  endings of -ER verbs in the present tense: tense: Je Tu Il/elle/on/iel Nous Vous

e s e ons ez

Ils/elles/iels

entt en

 Exemple:  Exemp le:

parler to speak 

Je parl parle e  Tu parle parless Il/elle/on/iel parl parle e  Nous parl parlons ons   Vous parl parlez ez   Ils/elles/iels parl parlent ent

Tap here to listen to

être, avoir, parler

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Try to practice and conjugate manger - to eat , marcher - to walk , écouter - to listen. listen. Just replace the -ER ending with the correct ending just like you see below with the verb habiter:

HABITER to live

Attention !

J’habite J’habit e Tu habit habites es   Il/elle/on/iel habit habite e  Nous habi habittons ons   Vous habit habitez ez   Ils/elles/iels habit habitent ent

In J’habite the J’ apostrophe is called an elision. An elision consists in replacing the nal vowel of a word with an apostrophe when it is placed in front of a word beginning with a vowel or a silent h. Examples: Examples:  J’ai 30 ans I am 30,  30, l’amour - love love,, l’histoire - the story , l’animal - the animal. animal. Elisions are sometimes mandatory, sometimes optional, and sometimes absent, depending on the words, context, and register (formal or informal).

We use the preposition à often in French. It can mean ‘at ’,’, ‘to’, and ‘in’ Here are a few examples on how we use it:

Location:

Going towards a location:

Indicates a time:

J’habite à Paris

Je vais à Paris

Je mange à midi

I live in Paris

I go/am going to Paris

I eat at noon

A contracted article (un article contracté) is formed with the preposition à and a denite article le, la, les, l’. We contract the article in front of a noun to simplify pronunciation. à + le = au

à + les = aux

à + la = stays the same à la la

 Exemples:  Exemp les:

Ils sont au au cinéma  cinéma

Tu es aux aux toilettes  toilettes

Elle est à la la boulangerie

They are at the movie theater 

You are in the restrooms

She is at the bakery 

 Prononc  Pr ononciatio iation n LIAISON The liaison is a rule in French pronunciation. When a word ends with a silent consonant (like mon = my , where the n is silent) and is followed by a word that begins with a vowel (such as argent = money ), ), we often pronounce the silent consonant (oui, there are some exceptions). So the n in mon will be voiced and connected to the a of argent. That is what we call “liaison” (linking).

Mon argent → My money  Tap to hear it

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 Exemples:  Exempl es:

les adultes

the adults

The s becomes a ‘z’ sound. Note that the liaison with ‘s’ is the most common

mon petit ami

my boyfriend

The ‘t’ sounds like ‘t’

deux amis

two friends

The ‘x’ sounds like ‘z’ Tap to hear the  liaison the

un grand homme

a great man

The ‘d’ sounds like ‘t’

 Let’s prac practice tice liason liason in  in a sentence now:

Deux amis sont au restauran restaurant: t: un anglais et un américain. Ils habitent à Paris.

Two friends are at a restaurant: an English and an American. They live in Paris.

Vocabulaire  You will see below that we use inclusive writing to represent both the feminine and masculine genders for profess professions ions and nationalities nationalities..

Exemples de professions Examples of jobs

Inrmier.ère Journaliste Photographe Banquier.ère Professeur.e Vendeur.euse Chef.fe Serveur.euse

nurse  journa  jou rnalis listt photographer  banker teacher  sales associate/clerk  chef  waiter/server 

Exemples de nationalités Examples of nationalities

américain.e anglais.e australien.ne canadien.ne  japona  jap onais. is.e e mexicain.e sud-africain.e

 Americ  Ame rican an

South african

Notice that in French we do not capitalize nationalities when they are adjectives. For example, in the sentence Je suis américain  - I  I am American  American (m.). or Le vin français est délicieux - French wine is delicious. delicious. However, when you use nationalities as proper nouns, capitalization occurs. Example:

indien.ne

Indian

 - Au  Austr stralia alians ns are nice nice.. Les Australiens sont gentils. -

Attention !

English  Aust  Au stral ralian ian Canadian  Japane  Jap anese se Mexican

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Salutations Greetings Tu and Vous are subject pronouns and both mean “ you  you” in French. The use of one pronoun versus the other depends on who you are and who you are talking to.

Vous

formal “you” 

for Spanish speakers, this is the equivalent of ‘usted’

Tu

informal “you” 

for Spanish speakers, speakers, this is the equivalent of ‘tu’

Below,, is a visual Below vi sual aid that will help you choose between bet ween tu and vous in context. Who you are (your age) and who you are addressing (their age and relationship to you) and whether they are alone or in a group are all important considerations when choosing the right subject pronoun.

tu

OR

VOUS?

tu

situation informelle informal situation

vous

situation formelle formal situation

je suis  I am

un enfant

un adulte

a child

an adult 

des enfants

des enfants

children

children

famille + amis

famille + amis

family + friends

family + friends

des collègues

autres adultes

colleagues

other adults

des supérieurs bosses

des inconnus strangers (especially if they’re older than you)

un group a group (two people or more)

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 How  Ho w to gre greet et in Fr French: ench: Quand je rencontre quelqu’un

Quand je pars

When I meet someone

When I leave

Bonjour Salut (inf.) Coucou (inf.)  Bonsoir Vous allez bien ? (for.)

Hello

Have a good evening

How are you?

Bonne soirée Bonne nuit Au revoir ! À bientôt ! À plus tard !

Ça va bien ? / Ça va ? (inf.)

How are you? 

À lundi

See you Monday 

Hi / Hey Hi / Hey (inf.) Good evening 

Good night Good bye See you soon See you later

French people also sometimes say ‘Bye’, ‘Salut’ and ‘Ciao’ to say goodbye informally. informally.

Do I give a hug when meeting/leaving people ?

Tap here to listen

No, not usually!

greetings & manners

INFORMAL SETTING

se faire la bise - to kiss each other (on each cheek)

(friends, family members, acquaintances)

the number of bises (kisses) is usually 2 (one on each cheek) but in some regions/cities, it can be 3 or even 4

FORMAL SETTING

se serrer la main - to shake hands

(work environment, with people  you jus justt met met or sho show w resp respect ect))

 Manners  Ma nners merci merci beaucoup  je vou vouss reme remerc rcie ie (for.) encore merci

 you’  yo u’re re we welco lcome me

thank you thank you very/so much thank you thank you again

de rien (the most common)  je vo vous us en pri prie e (the most formal way to say it)  je t’ t’en en pri prie e (polite but used in informal settings) avec plaisir (literally “with pleasure” )

Culture  In French, we have two verbs to describe the act of addressing someone with tu or vous: tutoyer or vouvoyer. When you’d like to switch from vous to tu once you feel comfortable enough with the person you’re exchanging with, you can ask them:  

On peut se tutoyer? - which would translate to something like: Can we say “tu” to each other?  

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Paris et less Tr le Trans anspo ports rts  Paris  P aris & Public Transpo ansportati rtations ons

 

La Carte de Paris The map of Paris

 Les monume monuments: nts: L’Arc L’ Arc de Triomphe

Le Louvre

La Place de la République

Le Grand Palais

La basilique du Sacré Cœur

Le Moulin Rouge

Le Centre Pompidou

La tour Eiffel

La tour Montparnasse

Le Jardin du Luxembourg

Le Panthéon

Notre-Dame de Paris

 Les arro arrondisse ndissements ments Paris is divided into 20 urban administr administrative ative districts called arrondissement, each having its own particularities, feel and attractions. We use les adjectifs ordinaux to name them (ordinal adjectives are used to classify in numerical order and are formed by adding ‘ième’ to the number). Premier is the only exception.

Adjectifs Ordinaux

e ième (th) 1er premier  2e deuxième 3e 4e 5e 6e

troisième quatrième cinquième sixième

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7e septième 8e huitième 9e neuvième 10e 10e 11e 11 e 12e 12 e 13e 13 e

dixième onzième douzième treizième

14e quatorzième 15e quinzième 16e seizième 17e 17e 18e 19e 20e 20 e

dix-septième dix-huitième dix-neuvième

To understand the various districts in Paris and get special recommendations on what to visit, you can get the guide Hello Paris! Tap here for

la prononciation

vingtième

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Communication le metro the subway

le taxi the taxi 

Je prends le métro.

Bonjour, où allez-vous ? (for.) / vous allez où ? (inf.)

I am taking the subway.

Hello, where are you going ? 

Je suis à la station de métro St-Michel.

Bonjour, 15 rue Beauregard. Merci !

I am at the Saint-Michel train station.

Hello, 15 Beauregard Street. Thank you!

Je prends la ligne 12 vers Mairie d’Issy. I am taking the 12 line towards Mairie d’Issy.

À PIED on foot  Comment on va à la station Bastille ?

vÉlo bike  On fait du vélo sur le pont.

How do we get to the Bastille subway stop? 

We are biking on the bridge.

You go straight.

Vous allez tout droit.

Tap here to listen to le dialogue

Vocabulaire  le métro le bus le train une ligne un arrêt la carte le vélo la trottinette un trajet / une itinéraire

the subway 

aller tout droit tourner à gauche tourner à droite traverser la rue

to go straight 

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the bus the train a metro line a stop the map the bike the scooter  an itinerary 

to turn left  to turn right  to cross the street 

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Grammaire  Verbes PRENDre to take

ALLER to go

faire to do

Je prends Tu prends Il/elle/on/iel prend

Je vais Tu vas Il/elle/on/iel va

Je fais Tu fais Il/elle/on/iel fait

Nous prenons Vous prenez Ils/elles/iels prennent

Nous allons Vous allez ils/elles/iels vont

Nous faisons Vous faites Ils/elles/iels font

Questions

There are 3 ways to ask questions in French:

With Wi th an in inte tero rog gat ativ ive e adv adver erb: b:

With Wi th ‘E ‘Est st-c -ce e que que’: ’: 

With a rising intonation:

(answer is always OUI or NON)

Où vas-tu Où  vas-tu ?* / Tu vas où où ?  ?

Est-ce que tu que tu vas à la gare ?

Tu vas à la gare ? (inf.)

Where are you going ? 

 Are yo you u goin going g to to the the tr train ain st stat ation ion?  ? 

You’re going to the train station? 

*We invert the subject (tu) and the verb (vas) for questions in formal/  written French and we start with the interrogative interrogativ e adverb.

 Prépos  Pr éposition itionss vers sur dans

towards

de is also a preposition, and we use it often in

on

French! It can mean of, from, about, by, with and with and

in

replaces the ’s after a noun (to express possession).

 Exemples:  Exempl es:

Je vais vers vers la  la gare.

Culture 

I am going towards the train station.

Elle arrive dans dans 5  5 minutes. She is coming in 5 min.

Je fais de la trotinette sur sur le  le trottoir. I use my scooter on the sidewalk.

Tap here to listen to les verbes,

questions, prépositions

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 Did you know know?  ?  There are 14 subway lines in Paris (and most of them don’t have AC!) with over 300 stations.

The train “Porte desused Lilas-cinema” was closed in station 1989 and is now by directors to shoot movie scenes in the Parisian subway.

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Hébergements  Accommo  Ac commodatio dation n

 

Communication Conversation à l’hôtel hotel conversation Bonjour, nous avons une réservation.

Tap here to listen to le dialogue

Hello, we have a reservation/bo reservation/booking. oking.

Bonjour, à quel nom ? Hello, under what name? 

Desage.

Vous restez combien de nuits ? How many nights are you staying? 

On reste trois nuits. We’re staying three nights.

D’accord.  Alrigh  Alr ightt / Ok.

Est-ce que vous avez une pièce d’identité et une carte bancaire ? Do you have ID and a credit card? 

Voilà. Est-ce Est-ce qu’il y a un téléphone et le wi dans la chambre ? Here you go. Is there a phone and wi in the bedroom? 

Oui, bien sûr madame. Yes, of course, ma’am.

Est-ce que le petit déjeuner est inclus ? Is breakfast included? 

Oui, le petit déjeuner est inclus et servi ser vi de 7h (sept heures) à 10h (dix heures) le matin. Yes, breakfast is included and served from 7 am to 10 am every morning.

Merci. Est-ce qu’il y a une piscine dans l’hôtel ? Thanks. Is there a pool in the hotel? 

Non, il n’y a pas de piscine mais nous avons un spa. No, there isn’t a pool but we have a spa.

Ah d’accord, merci beaucoup !  Ah ok, tha thank nk yo you u so so much much!!

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Grammaire  Verbes DORMIR to sleep

PARTIR to leave

DEVOIR have to

Je dors Tu dors Il/elle/on/iel dort dort  

Je pars Tu pars pars   Il/elle/on/iel part part  

Je dois Tu dois dois   Il/elle/on/iel doit doit  

Nous dormons dormons   Vous dormez Ils/elles/iels dorment

Nous partons partons   Vous partez partez   Ils/elles/iels partent

Nous devons devons   Vous devez devez   Ils/elles/iels doivent

LOCUTION: IL Y A The expression il y a can mean there is and is and there are. are. Most of the time, it is followed by an indenite article + noun OR a number + noun.

 Exemples:  Exemp les:

Il y a une a une piscine dans l’hôtel.

Il y a dix a dix chambres dans le château.

There is a pool in the hotel.

There are ten bedrooms in the castle.

What time is it?  In French, when we ask for the time we ask for the hour:

Quelle heure est- il ? (for.) / Quelle heure il est ? (inf.) (inf.)  / Il est quelle heure ? (inf.) What time is it? 

Il est 9h15 ( neuf neuf heures et quart, which means nine hours and a quarter)

Tap here for

It’s 9:15 AM

la prononciation

9h30

Neuf  heures et demi

9h45

Dix heures  moins le quart

22h10**

Vingt-deux heures dix

Attention !

*Don’t forget the liaison between the number and heures (the silent h). In the above example, the “f” in neuf transforms into a “v” sound when the liaison happens. **In France we use the military time to indicate the hour of the day. For example, example, 4 am is 4h (quatre heures) and 4 pm is 16h (seize heures).

L’horloge du musée d’Orsay - The clock of the Orsay museum

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 Négation:  Nég ation: ‘ne’ ‘ne’ [...] [...] ‘pas’  ‘pas’  The easy way to form a negative sentence is to add the adverb pas (not) (not) after  after the verb in spoken French.

Je (ne)  dors pas. I do not sleep.

Attention !

Nous (ne) partons pas. We do not leave.

Elle (ne) parle pas anglais.

The ne is optional in spoken French. Most French native speakers omit the ne and we only use it in a formal setting/ written form. Similarly in English, we rarely say do not  for  for negations. Instead we contract it and say don’t  when  when we speak.

She doesn’t speak English.

On (ne) mange pas le soir. We don’t eat in the evening.

Vocabulaire  Hébergements accomodation un hôtel

a hotel

une auberge un appartement une maison un immeuble un airbnb une location un château

an inn / hostel an apartment

Une chambre à l’Hôtel Amour - A room in Hotel Amour 

a house a building  an airbnb a rental a castle

À l’hôtel at the hotel  la réception

the reception

un lit simple

twin size bed

la clé la chambre la salle de bain les toilettes la piscine

the key the room

un lit double un lit king size des serviettes un balcon un sèche-cheveux

queen size bed king size bed

the bathroom the restrooms/toilets the pool

towels a balcony a hair dryer 

Moments de la journée moments of the day le matin le midi l’après-midi

the morning

le soir la nuit

the evening the night 

midday (noon) the afternoon

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

Tap here to listen to le vocabulaire

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Culture   Did you know know?  ?  There are over 1,500 hotels in Paris so you will have many choices when you visit! Depending on your budget, you can nd many options (from renting a whole apartment with Paris Perfect to staying at a small Boutique hotel like Adèle & Jules, or even staying at a 5-star hotel such as Le Crillon). You can nd a list of hotel recommendations recommendations in the guide Hello Paris!

Restaurant L’Oiseau Blanc at Le Peninsula

Hôtel Amour 

Hôtel de Crillon

Hôtel Molitor

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Hôtel Lutetia

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Boula ulang ngeri erie e  À laetBo au Café  At the Bake Bakery ry & Café  Café 

 

 

Communication À LA BOULANGERIE at the bakery: Bonjour, une baguette s’il vous plaît.

Tap here to listen to le dialogue

Hi, a baguette please.

Et avec ceci ?  Anythi  An ything ng els else?  e? 

Je vais prendre un croissant aussi, s’il vous plaît. I’ll have a croissant as well, please. (   je vai vaiss pren prendre dre literally means “I will take”)

Et voici, 2€40 s’il vous plaît. Here you go, 2€40 please.

Merci, bonne journée ! Thank you, have a good day!

AU CAFÉ at the café: Bonjour, je vais prendre un café s’il vous plaît. Hi, I’ll have an espresso please.

Très bien, est-ce que vous voulez aussi un verre d’eau ? Very well, do you want a glass of water as well? 

Oui, merci beaucoup. Yes, thank you very much.

Avec plaisir. You’re welcome. welco me.

You’ll notice that we are teaching you the two ways most French natives order items at boulangeries, cafés, and restaurants:

Tap here to listen to Cécilia order a croissant in a boulangerie in France.

1. Je vais prendre + [the item] + s’il vous plaît 2. [the item] + s’il vous plaît #1 is more formal than #2 because you make a complete sentence with a verb. If you feel comfortable enough with the person who serves you, you can try #2 (but make sure to end with “please”!)

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Vocabulaire  VIENNOISERIES breakfast pastries

un croissant

un pain au chocolat

un chausson aux pommes

un pain aux raisins

a croissant 

a chocolate croissant 

an apple turnover

a raisin bread

PAINS breads

une baguette a baguette (daily white bread most French people eat, about 1 euro)

une celle

un pain complet

a crispy and thin baguette

a wholewheat bread

(if you’re not a fan of “la mie”, the inside of the bread, this is for you!)

une baguette (de) tradition

une brioche a brioche bread

un pain de campagne

a gourmet baguette (a little more expensive than a regular baguette due to the time it takes and the ingredients used to make them)

a country bread  (usually made with sourdough)

Tap here for

la mie

the white part of the bread (inside)

la croûte le crouton

the crust (outer layer of bread) the very end of the baguette

la prononciation

Watch Cécilia describe her favorite pastries pastries

(the favorite part for many French people!)

CAFÉS coffees un café un café serré un café allongé un grand crème un cappuccino un thé une tisane le sucre un verre d’eau

a coffee (an espresso) a coffee (a ristretto) a long black coffee (or americano)  a coffee with milk  (swirled  (swirled milk)  same as everywhere! a tea an herbal tea sugar

un jus d’orange le lait le lait d’avoine le lait d’amande le lait de soja le lait de riz le lait de coco le lait de noisette

an orange juice milk oat milk  almond milk  soy milk  rice milk  coconut milk  hazelnut milk 

a glass of water 

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Be careful! If you ask for un café in France, they’ll bring you an espresso! France usually only has ltered coffee in specialty coffee shops.

Attention !

France has started to offer various milk options (but not everywhere). ever ywhere). Here’s Here’s how you can ask:

Vous avez du lait végétal ? Vous avez du lait d’amande ?

Do you have plant-based milk?  Do you have almond milk? 

Grammaire  Verbes VOULOIR to want

 Exemples:  Exempl es:

Vous voulez plus de pain ? Do you want more bread? 

Je veux Tu veux veux   Il/elle/on/iel veut veut   Nous voulons voulons   Vous voulez voulez   Ils/elles/iels veulent veulent  

Oui, nous voulons du beurre aussi, merci ! Yes, we want some butter too, thank you!

 Adverbe  Ad verbess Adverbs are words that modify the meaning of a verb, an adjective, a noun or another adverb. They usually appear after the verb and are invariable (they do not agree in number or gender). Here are a few common adverbs:

De quantité - quantity:

De temps - time:

De négation - negation:

beaucoup

a lot / many

hier

 yest  ye ster erda dayy

non plus

peu moins plus trop très

little less

aujourd’hui demain avant après bientôt

today tomorrow

more too much very 

before after soon

De fréquence - frequency:

De manière - manner:

toujours souvent parfois de temps en temps rarement  jamais  jam ais

mal bien mieux presque plutôt vite

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

always often sometimes from time to time rarely  never 

either / neither 

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badly,, poorly badly well better almost  rather  quickly 

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All the -ly  adverbs  adverbs in English, translate into -ment in French:

vraiment seulement certainement lentement gentiment doucement

really 

 Exemples:  Exempl es:

only

Je veux beaucoup beaucoup de  de chocolat. I want a lot of chocolate.

certainly/for sure

Aujourd’hui, je veux vraiment vraiment voir  voir ma soeur.

slowly

Today, I really want to see my sister.

nicely 

Parfois, je dors mal mal la  la nuit.

softly

Sometimes, I sleep poorly at night.

 Le futur futur pr proche  oche  Let’s learn a new tense! We’ve been using the present tense so far, but if you need to express something that you are going to do in the near future you can use le futur proche. How to build the FUTUR PROCHE: ALLER (conjugated in the present tense) + infinitive of the action verb (Check Thème 3 for how to conjugate aller   )

 Examples  Examp les with regul regular ar -ER verbs:

Je vais marcher lentement dans la rue.

Nous allons certainement danser après.

I am going to walk slowly in the street.

We are certainly going to dance afterward.

Tu vas mieux manger ce soir.

Vous allez vraiment aimer ce café.

You are going to eat better tonight.

You guys are really going to like this coffee shop.

Iel (n-b) va parler un peu demain.

Elles vont beaucoup rééchir rééchir cette nuit.

They are going to talk a little tomorrow.

They are going to think a lot tonight.

Note that we translated the French near future to “going to + [verb]” but you can also translate to “will + [verb]” depending on the context.

Culture  When you arrive at a bakery, café, restaurant or bar in France, don’t ask the waiter how they are doing (Ça va?? - How are you? ) since it is considered too informal va (it should be used with people you already know). Simply say Bonjour or Bonsoir, ask what you want, want, and end your sentence with s’il vous plaît (please) (please).. For recommendations of the best Parisian boulangeries and cafés, check the guide Hello Paris!

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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 Auu Rest Restau aurrant / Bar  A  At the Resta Restaur urant ant / Bar 

 

Communication conversation au restaurant conversation at the restaurant  AU DÉBUT DÉBUT - at the beginning  Bonsoir, est-ce que vous avez une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît ? Hi, do you have a table for two, please? 

Bonsoir, vous avez une réservation ? Hi, do you have a reservation? 

Non. No.

D’accord, suivez-moi. suivez-moi. Et voici notre menu et notre carte des vins. Ok, follow me. And here’s our menu and our wine list.

PENDANT - during  Est-ce que je peux prendre la commande des boissons ? Can I take your drink order? 

Oui, je voudrais un verre de vin rouge, s’il vous plaît. Je voudrais aussi un verre d’eau, merci. Yes, can I have a glass of red wine, please. And I would also like a glass of water, thanks.

Ok, et pour vous ? Ok, and for you? 

Je vais prendre une bière blonde, s’il vous plaît. I’ll have a beer (ale/pale ale type), please.

APRÈS - after  Excusez-moi, est-ce qu’on peut avoir l’addition s’il vous plaît ? Excuse-me, can we have the check/bill, please? 

Oui, j’arrive tout de suite. Yes, I’ll be right with you.

On va payer par carte. We’ll pay with a credit card.

Ça marche! Je viens avec la machine. Sounds good! I’ll come with the card terminal.

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Tap here to listen to

le dialogue  between a

waiter and two friends at a restaurant

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Grammaire   Article  Art icle Partiti Partitif f  In French, we use l’article partitif (  (partitive partitive article) article) in front of a noun that is uncountable (usually with food and drink and consumption related related verbs). English has no equivalent article, it may be translated into the word some or an any  y . Note that in English, no words are needed to express a quantity that you can’t count: I eat avocado every week  versus  versus in French: Je mange de l’avocat l’avocat toutes les semaines.

L’article partitif “de” + article défini

Singulier 

Féminin

De + la → De la

Masculin

De + le → Du

In front of a vowel:

Pluriel

Négatif 

Des

De D’

De l’

 Exemples:  Exempl es:  Are  Ar e you you ha havin ving g sh sh?  ? 

For negative sentences the partitive articles transform into de or d’, even for plural nouns.

Vous mangez de la salade la salade ?

 Exemples:  Exempl es:

 Are  Ar e you you gu guys ys ea eatin ting g sala salad?  d? 

Je ne mange pas de de dessert.  dessert.

Elle boit de l’eau. l’eau.

I don’t eat dessert.

She drinks water.

Il n’y a pas d’ d’amandes. amandes.

Iels mangent des des escargots.  escargots.

There are no almonds.

Tu prends du du poisson  poisson ?

They (n-b) eat snails.

 Expressio  Expr essions ns avec avec Av Avoir  oir 

In French we do not use the verb avoir (  (to to have) have) and être (  (to to be) be) the same way we do in English. For example, sometimes in French we use the verb avoir (to have) to have) to describe certain feelings when in English we would use to be. be.

J’ai faim

Tu as soif

Elle a un peu froid

On a très chaud

(avoir faim / to be hungry)

(avoir soif / to be thirsty)

(avoir froid / to be cold)

(avoir chaud / to be hot)

I am hungry

You are thirsty 

She is a little cold

We are very hot

We also use the verb avoir to express when we need something with the expression avoir besoin de:

J’ai besoin de dormir. (besoin de/d’ + verbe)

J’ai besoin d’amour. (besoin de/d’ + nom)

I need to sleep.

I need love.

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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 Le Conditi Conditionnel  onnel  Le temps ou le mode conditionnel (the conditional tense or mode) expresses mode) expresses actions that are subject to a condition or that are hypothetical. We also use it in formal situations to be polite. We construct it by adding the future tense stem of the verb to the imparfait (imperfect) (imperfect)   tense ending. Imparfait is a French past tense, that describes states and actions that Attention !

were ongoing, repeated or habitual in the past (mostly in written context). You will learn this tense later with Le Bouquin Volume 2.

 Examples  Examp les of verbs conjugat conjugated ed in the the conditional conditional and present present tense:

VOULOIR au présent

VOULOIR au conditionnel

to want - present 

would like - conditional

Je veux veux   Tu veux veux   Il/elle/on/iel veut veut   Nous voulons voulons   Vous voulez voulez   Ils/elles/iels veulent veulent  

Je voudrais Tu voudrais Il/elle/on/iel voudrait voudrait   Nous voudrions voudrions   Vous voudriez voudriez   Ils/elles/iels voudraient

 Exemples:  Exemp les:

Je voudrais voudrais manger  manger une entrecôte ce midi. I would like to eat a rib-eye steak tonight.

Elles aimeraient aimeraient aller  aller au restauran restaurantt Le Colimaçon dans le Marais. They would like to go the restaurant Le Colimaçon in Le Marais.

J’aimerais J’ aimerais danser  danser ce soir. I would like to dance tonight.

Vocabulaire  LES LÉGUMES vegetables une courgette une tomate une aubergine un poivron une carotte

a zucchini a tomato an eplant  a pepper  a carrot

un concombre un radis les choux de bruxelles les épinards les haricots verts

a cucumber  a radish brussel sprouts spinach  green  gr een bea beans ns

LES FRUITS  fruits une pomme une fraise une framboise une banane un citron

an apple a strawberry a raspberry a banana a lemon

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

un ananas une poire un avocat une pastèque des cerises

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a pineapple a pear  an avocado a watermelon cherries

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LE MENU / LA CARTE the menu un apéritif un hors d’œuvre une entrée* un plat la viande le poisson les pâtes

pre-dinner drink  an appetizer rst course/appetizer  main course/dish meat sh pasta

un dessert le fromage une glace un gâteau une tarte un digestif un café gourmand

a dessert cheese an ice cream a cake a pie a post-dinner drink  a dessert that consists of an espresso and 3-5 bite-sized desserts

*Not to be confused with the English word ‘entrée’ which means ‘main course’ 

LES BOISSONS drinks une bouteille d’eau une carafe d’eau l’eau gazeuse/plate le vin rouge/blanc/rosé/pétillant l’alcool un cocktail une bière un jus de fruits une limonade un citron pressé

Tap to watch restaurant items:

a bottle of water

↳ Part 1 ↳ Part 2

a pitcher of water  sparkling/still water red/white/rose wine/sparkling wine alcohol a cocktail a beer  a fruit juice a lemonade fresh squeezed lemons (home style lemonade)

Water at restaurants restaurants and bars is free and should shou ld be brought to your table. You should order une carafe (  (a a pitcher/carafe) pitcher/carafe) and not une bouteille (  (a a bottle) bottle) if you wish to have complimentary tap water water,, what we call l’eau du robinet in French.

Attention !

REPAS DE LA JOURNÉE meals of the day le petit déjeuner le déjeuner le goûter le dîner

breakfast lunch

Attention !

mid-afternoon mid-afterno on snack dinner 

*In France, le pourboire (the tip) is tip) is included in your check. But, we highly encourage you to leave an extra tip, especially if you enjoyed your dining experience. Waiters are usually paid the minimum wage (or a bit over), so tip at least between 5% and 15%. For a memorable experience 20% ;)

AU RESTAURANT at the restaurant  le pourboire payer/régler une carte bancaire des espèces du change l’addition

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

the gratuity/tip to pay a credit card cash

**The way you ask for the check is by using the conditional: Je pourrais avoir l’addition s’il vous plaît ? (May I have the check, please?) Note that many French natives only say L’addition, L’ addition, s’il vous plait  (The check, please). please). So if you feel comfortable enough with your waiter, you can skip the verb like the French do :) If you pay with cash, you can say Je vais payer par espèces (I’ll pay with cash). cash). If you pay with a credit card, you can say Je vais payer par carte (I’ll pay with a credit card) so card) so that they bring what’s needed to process your payment with your bill.

change the bill / the check 

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Culture   Did you know know?  ?  Le papa de Cécilia (Cécilia’s dad) has a restaurant in Paris! If you’re visiting the City of Light, she’d like to welcome you to Le Colimaçon, a traditional French bistro with a modern twist. Some of the signature dishes are:

Les croustilles d’escargots en persillade Snails wrapped in puff pastry with a parsley butter 

Le pain perdu au foie gras, magret magret de canard fumé et sauce au miel Savory French toasts with smoked duck magret and honey sauce

La cuisse de lapin farcie aux pleurotes et roulée au lard Rabbit leg stuffed with oyster mushrooms and rolled in bacon

La noix d’entrecôte et frites fraîches Rib-eye steak with French fries

Le mi-cuit au chocolat ou la crème brûlée Chocolate lava cake or the crème brûlée When you book your table, table, make sure to write “Cécilia’s “Cécilia’s E-Book Guest ” in your reservation notes and mention it when you arrive at the restaurant. restaurant. The staff will gladly speak French to you if you say you’d like to practice what you are learning!

Le Colimaçon, 44 rue Vieille du Temple, 4e arrondissement Le Marais

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Lieux Cultur Culturels els Cultural Places

 

Communication AU MUSÉE at the museum CONVERSATION À LA BILLETTERIE - conversation at the ticket counter/ofce Bonjour,, combien coûtent deux billets adultes ? Bonjour Hello, how much are two adult tickets? 

Bonjour, c’est 17 euros par billet plein tarif donc 34 euros en tout. Hello, it’s 17 euros for a full-price ticket, so 34 euros total.

D’accord, merci. Alors deux tickets s’il vous plaît.  Alrigh  Alr ight, t, tha thank nk yo you. u. So two tic tick ket ets, s, ple please ase..

Et voilà, avec le plan du musée. Here you go, with the museum map.

Merci, on peut aussi avoir le guide audio s’il vous plaît ? Combien ça coûte ? Thank you, can we also have the audio guide? How much does it cost? 

C’est gratuit, les voici. Bonne visite ! It’s free, here they are. Enjoy your visit!

CONVERSATION DANS UNE GALERIE DU MUSÉE MUSÉE - conversation in a museum gallery  Bonjour,, est-ce que vous savez où est la salle des antiquités égyptiennes ? Bonjour Hello, do you know where the Egyptian antiquities room is? 

Continuez tout droit, traversez la salle des sculptures grecques et tournez à gauche. Go straight, go across the greek sculptures room and turn left.

Ah, d’accord, tout droit, puis à gauche. Merci !  Ah ok, st strai raigh ghtt then then le left. ft. Tha Thank nks! s!

Je vous en prie, bonne visite ! You’re welcome, enjoy!

Tap here to listen to le dialogue

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Grammaire  Verbes In French, the verb to know can be two different dif ferent verbs: SAVOIR or CONNAÎTRE. They are NOT interchangeable as they each express knowledge but in a specic sense.

SAVOIR means:

1. to know (facts, data)information

OR

2. to how to do something (youknow must add an innitive verb after savoir)

Tu sais quelle heure il est ? (inf.)

Je sais parler français.

Do you know what time it is?

I know how to speak french. .

Ils savent si le musée est ouvert ? (inf.)

Ils savent aller au cinéma en métro.

Do they know if the museum is open? 

They know how to go to the movie theater by subway.

 Here is how to conjugate it:

SAVOIR to know  Attention !

Je sais sais   T u sais Il/elle/on/iel sait   sait Nous savons savons   Vous savez savez   Ils/elles/iels savent

Note that we do not repeat comment (  (how  how ) in French because it is part of the meaning of savoir (knowing how to = savoir + verb).

CONNAÎTRE It means to either know someone (you’ve met/seen them before), a place (you’ve been there before), or something (you’ve (you’ve used it) – it usually means to be familiar with something. Connaître is followed by a noun.

 Exemples:  Exemp les:

Elle connait ce chien ? Does she know this dog? (meaning: has she seen this dog before?)

Tu connais le musée Carnavalet ? Do you know the Carnavalet museum? (meaning: have you been there before?)

Tu connais ces tableaux du peintre Matisse ? Do you know these paintings by the painter Matisse? (meaning: have you heard of them before?)

 Here is how to conjug conjugate ate it:

CONNAÎTRE to know (be familiar with) Je connais connais   Tu connais Il/elle/on/iel connaît connaît   Nous connaissons  connaissons Vous connaissez connaissez      Ils/elles/iels connaissent

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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 Adjectif  Ad jectifss Démonstr Démonstratif atifss The adjectifs démonstratif démonstratifss (demonstrative adjectives) replace adjectives) replace an article to indicate a specic specic noun.  noun. English

Singulier 

English

Pluriel

Masculin

ce tableau cet* artiste 

this/that painting this/that artist 

ces dessins 

these/those drawings 

Féminin

cette comédienne cette exposition

this/that comedian this/that exhibition

ces peintures ces sculptures

these/those paintings these/those sculptures

*ce→ cet (masculine) in front of a vowel

 L’Im  L ’Impér pératif  atif  L’impératif (the imperative) is imperative) is a mode that we use for giving advice, commands or making requests requests.. It is the only mode where the verbs do not need a subject pronoun.

ALLER

OUBLIER

Présent de l’indicatif

Impératif: forme afrmative

Présent de l’indicatif

Impératif: forme négative

Tu vas

Va t’amuser !

Tu oublies

N’oublie pas N’oublie  pas ton* livre !

 you  yo u go go

Go play!

 you  yo u for forge get  t 

Don’t forget your book!

Nous allons

Allons à Allons  à Versailles !

Nous oublions

N’oublions pas N’oublions  pas nos* tickets !

we go

Let’s go to Versailles!

we forget 

Let’s not forget our tickets

Vous allez

Allez tout Allez  tout droit

Vous oubliez

N’oubliez pas votre* appareil photo !

we go

Go straight 

 you  yo u for forge get  t 

Don’t forget your camera!

*ton, nos, and votre are possessive adjectives, go to the next theme for more examples and explanations

Vocabulaire  LIEUX CULTURELS cultural places le musée le château le théâtre le cinéma

the museum the castle the theater  the cinema

la cathédrale l’église la salle de concert la salle de spectacle

the cathedral the church the concert venue the auditorium

AU MUSÉE at the museum un tableau un peintre une sculpture une oeuvre artistique une exposition un dessin

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

a painting  a painter  a sculpture an artwork an exhibition a drawing 

les antiquités les arts décoratifs l’art classique l’art moderne l’art contempor contemporain ain une entrée/un billet

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antiquities decorative decorat ive arts ar ts classic art  modern art contemporary contem porary art  ar t  a ticket 

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Culture  In cultural places in France you can buy your ticket online to avoid having to wait at the ticket counter (we recommend buying a pass if that makes sense for your traveling plans). plans). For people under 26 years old or students (from the European Union), museums are often free.

This is what you might see regardin regarding g pricing: Billet Plein tarif Full price ticket for adults

Billet enfant / Jeunes moins de 18 ans Ticket for a child / people under 18 years old Some museums or places like le Louvre or Versailles can take days to visit if you want to see everything. We highly recommend you plan your museum visits to decide exactly what you want to see beforehand and book in advance. For example, there are over 130 museums in Paris, and many of them close on Monday or Tuesday so make sure you check the weekly closing days in advance. Some museums are free like le Musée de la ville de Paris (the museum of the city of Paris), Le Musée Carnavalet, La Maison de Balzac and Le Musée du Parfum Fragonard. Fragonard. For more museum and cultural recommendations recommendations in Paris, check the guide Hello Paris!

Left: Le Louvre, Bottom-middle: Le musée des Archives, Top-middle: Le château de Versailles, Right: Le musée d’Orsay 

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Le Shopping  Shopping   Shoppi ng 

 

Communication Conversation Au magasin de vêtements conversation at the store  Bonjour,, je peux vous aider ? Bonjour Hello, can I help you? 

Bonjour,, oui je cherche cette robe en taille 38 (trente-huit). Bonjour Hello, yes I’m looking for this dress in size 6.

La bleue ou la beige ? The blue or the beige one?  Tap here to listen to le dialogue

La beige. The beige one.

Je vais regarder dans la réserve, je reviens. I am going to check our stock, I’ll be back.

Super, merci ! Great, thanks!

Conversation Entre deux amies conversation between two friends Elle est super belle ta robe. Your dress is so beautiful.

Merci ! C’est Sézane, je m’habille souvent chez eux ! Regarde même ma veste bleue, c’est Sézane. Thank you, it’s Sézane, I often wear clothes from them! Look, even my blue jacket is from Sézane.

J’adore cette couleur, ça te va trop bien ! I love this color, it suits you so well! Tap here to listen to le dialogue

Merci ! On y va demain ? Thanks! Let’s go there tomorrow? 

Ouais, carrément ! Yeah, denitely!

Attention !

 - ye  yes s  Ouais is the informal way to say Oui (similar to yeah or yep in English). E nglish). To be used with people you know (like your friends)

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Grammaire  Verbes LES VERBES PRONOMINAUX/ RÉFLÉCHIS RÉFLÉCHIS pronominal/reexive verbs Pronominal verbs are verbs that are constructed with a pronom rééchis - reexive pronoun  pronoun  of the same person as the subject. This pronoun is always placed before before the verb. Reexives pronouns ar  are e

Je me me   Tu te te   Il/elle/on/iel se se   Nous nous Vous vous vous   Ils/elles/iels se se  

They can be translated by myself, yourself, herself, himself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.

 Examples  Examp les of reflexive reflexive verbs verbs (in the innitive form, the pronoun se se is  is in front of the verb):

se maquiller s’appeler s’habiller se souvenir s’amuser

to put makeup on

 Exemples:  Exempl es:

to call/name (yourself)

Tu te maquilles

Je m’appelle Louise

to get dressed/wear

You put make-up on

My name is Louise

to remember

Iel s’habille

Vous vous souvenez

to have fun

They get dressed

You (plu.) remember 

Some verbs are only used in a reexive form (like se souvenir) and others can be reexive to convey a specic meaning. The “reexivity” in those cases expresses expresses that the action of the verb is done but also received by the subject.

SE LAVER

LAVER

(reexive verb)

not reexive) ( not

VS Je me lave les mains

Je lave mes chaussures

I wash my hands

I wash my shoes

The difference is that the action of washing is being done to chaussures (the shoes), shoes), and not to the subject  je (I)  (I),, hence the lack of reexivity here.

 Exemples:  Exempl es:

Je me promène I take a walk 

VS

 (or I walk myself, literally)

Je m’appelle Juliette My name is Juliette  (or I call myself Juliette, literally)

VS

Je promène mon chien I walk my dog 

J’appelle ma mère I am calling my mom

We often use reexive verbs when describing our routine:

Je me lève (  (I’m I’m getting up) up) - Je m’habille (I’m getting dressed) dressed) Je me brosse les dents (  (I’m I’m brushing my teeth) teeth) - Je me douche (  (I’m I’m taking a shower )

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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LES VERBES POUR LE SHOPPING Verbs for shopping Expressions avec FAIRE:

Faire des courses

 Exemples  Exempl es

Elle fait des courses.

To go food shopping or to run errands

She is running errands.

Faire des achats / faire les magasins / faire du shopping

 Exemples  Exempl es

On fait les magasins.

To go shopping (clothes, accessoires, perfumes…)

We are shopping.

Other verbs helpful when you shop:

Acheter Payer Dépenser Essayer Renvoyer

to buy  to pay  to spend to try on to return (an item)

ADJECTIFS QUALIFICATIF qualifying adjectives Qualifying adjectives answer the question: how is? the person or thing that we are talking about.  about.  They agree in gender (genre: féminin/ masculin) and number (nombre: singulier/ pluriel) with the noun they complete. They are placed before or after the noun.

Masculin

Féminin

singulier

pluriel

singulier

 

pluriel

un parfum euri

des parfums parfums euri  euriss

une jupe bleue bleue

des jupes jupes bleu  bleues es

a owery perfume

owery perfumes

a blue skirt 

blue skirts

To form the feminine of an adjective or a noun we usually add an ‘e’ to the end of the word. We add an ‘s’ for the plural masculine and ‘e + s’ for the plural feminine but a lot of words that already end with an ‘e’ don’t change in the feminine form. Certain nouns or adjectives have have a completely different form when feminine:

 Exemples:  Exemp les:

beau/belle beautiful

nouveau/nouvelle new  ne w 

blanc/blanche white

doux/douce soft or gentle

vieux/vielle old

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ADJECTIFS POSSESSIFS possessives adjectives In French the possessive adjective precedes adjective precedes the noun and agrees in gender and number with it. As opposed to English where it agrees with the subject (her or his).

Singulier

Pluriel English

Masculin

Féminin

Masculin / Féminin

Je

mon

ma

mes

my 

Tu

ton*

ta

tes

 your   you r 

Il/elle/on/iel

son

sa

ses

his/her 

*If the feminine noun starts with a vowel we will use mon, ton and son instead of ma, ta, sa  to facilitate facilitate pronunciation. pronunciation.

Vocabulaire  MAGASIN une robe une jupe un t-shirt un short un pantalon une chemise un gilet un pull un manteau une veste

DE VÊTEMENTS clothing store  a dress des chaussures a skirt des chaussettes a t-shirt  des escarpins shorts des collants a pair of pants une culotte a shirt un boxer a cardigan un soutien-gorge a sweater un maillot de bain a coat une cravate a jacket  un costume

shoes socks heels tights panties boxers/briefs a bra a swimsuit  a tie a suit

PARFUMERIE/BIJOUTERIE

LIBRAIRIE

 perfumery / jewelry jewelry store 

bookstore 

un parfum une fragrance un collier une bague un bracelet des boucles d’or d’oreilles eilles

un livre un roman un.e auteur.e un cahier/carnet un stylo un crayon

a perfume / a scent a fragrance a necklace a ring a bracelet earrings

a book  a novel an author a notebook a pen a pencil

Tap here to listen to le vocabulaire

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Culture  French natives often speak informally using colloquialisms colloquialisms.. Here are some expressions you may hear in France:

Ça te dit ?

Ça marche !

 Are  Ar e you you up fo forr it?  it? 

Ok great! / sure!

Je suis à la bourre !

C’est pas mal.

I’m running late!

It’s not bad. (meaning: it’s good!)

C’est trop  bon !

C’est top !

It’s so good!

It’s amazing!

Attention ! *ça is a contraction of cela and means it or that/this.. You conjugate it the same way you that/this would for il/elle/on/iel. **trop normally means too much but much but in colloquial French, we use it to say so/so much. much. ***These words are considered slang French, and often used by French natives (younger generations)

Carrément / Grave

Tap here to listen

Denitely 

Here’s our recommendations for any kind of shopping / budget in Paris, and great streets to shop : Monoprix

Rue Saint-Honoré

Printemps

Rue de Rivoli

Galeries Lafayette La Samaritaine

Boulevard Saint-Germain Rue des Rosiers

Le Bon Marché

Rue Vieille du Temple

For more recs of shops and stores in Paris, check out the guide Hello Paris!

Left: Le Bon Marché, Bottom-middle: Le Primtemps, Top-middle: La Samaritaine, Right: HCS Boutique Galerie

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Kit de Survie  Emerg  Eme rgency ency Kit Kit

 

Kit de Survie  Emerg  Emergency ency Kit  Whether you’re going to France for a weekend, a week, or to live, you need to know how to navigate an emergency and where and how to seek care if you need it. In France there are different numbers to call depending on the emergency emergency..

A medical emergen e mergency? cy?

Call 15 - Le Samu: Service Ser vice d’aide médicale d’urgence (paramedics)

Need the police?

Call 17 - La Police (the police)

A re, an accident?

Call 18 - Les Pompiers (reghters)

Emergency?

SMS/Text 114

Sea rescue?

Call 196 - Le sauvetage en mer

Forr everywhere in Europe and every type Fo t ype of emergency call 11  112 2

In France if you are sick during business hours on a weekday you can go and see un médecin généraliste - a primary care doctor  with  with or without an appointment appointment.. During the weekend or at night you should go to the emergency room in a hospital if you don’t nd a doctor on call. A family doctor’s visit should only cost about 25 euros, and you can usually pay by cash or card.

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Communication Conversation Au téléphone conversation on the phone  Bonjour, je voudrais prendre un rendez-vous car je suis malade. Hello, I would like to make an appointment because I am sick.

Bonjour,, d’accord vous pouvez venir aujourd’hui à 14h ou demain de 10h à 11h. Bonjour Hello, alright you can come today at 2pm or tomorrow from 10 am to 11 am.

Merci, je vais venir aujourd’hui à 14h. Vous pouvez me conrmer l’adresse ? Thank you, I will come today at 2 pm. Can you conrm the address? 

Oui, c’est au 9 rue Mirabeaux, au troisième étage. Yes, it’s 9 Mirabeaux street, on the 3rd oor.

Tap here to listen to le dialogue

Conversation Chez le docteur conversation at the doctor’s office  Vous avez mal où ? Where does it hurt? 

J’ai mal à la tête et je suis enrhumée. My head hurts and I have a cold.

Vous avez de la èvre ? Do you have a fever?

Oui, j’ai de la èvre et je suis fatiguée. Yes, I have fever and I’m tired.

Je pense que vous avez une grippe, je vais vous faire une ordonnance et vous allez pouvoir acheter des médicaments à la pharmacie. Et il faut vous reposer, reposer, d’accord ? I think you have the u, I will write you a prescription and you’ll be able to pick up the medicine at the pharmacy. You must rest, ok? 

Oui, d’accord. Merci docteur.

Tap here to listen to le dialogue

Yes, alright. Thank you doctor.

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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Grammaire  Verbes VERBES MODAUX Modal verbs A modal verb is used to express the terms and conditions of an action. It can be an obligation obligation,, a possibility , a permission permission,, a will or a desire/need  desire/need.. In French, the main modal verbs are pouvoir, devoir and vouloir followed by an innitive. *

1. We use the verb ‘DEVOIR ’ (have to/must) to express an obligation or a probability   Structure:  Structur e: Je dois prendre mes prendre mes médicaments médicaments.. On doit se reposer. reposer. devOIR + INFINITIF

I must take my meds.

We have to rest.

*You will nd the conjugation of Devoir in thème 4.

Another way to express an obligation is to use the verb falloir (to be needed). needed). Falloir is an impersonal verb, that means it is only conjugated with il (the equivalent of it  of it  in  in English.)

 Structure:  Structur e: il faut + INFINITIF

Il faut aller  aller à l’hôpital.

Il faut appeler les appeler les pompiers.

We have to go to the hospital.

We have to call the reghters.

Note that in English there are no ‘impersonal forms’, forms’, so we use the pronoun we we..

2. We use the verb ‘POUVOIR’ (can/be able to) to express a possibility  or  or a permission  Structure:  Structur e:

pOUvOIR + INFINITIF

Tu peux aller à aller à la pharmacie aujourd’hui ?

Ils peuvent peuvent  nous téléphoner téléphoner ce  ce soir.

Can you go to the pharmacy today? 

They can  call us tonight.

POUVOIR can Je peux Tu peux peux  

Attention! Be careful: contrary to the verb can in English, pouvoir does not express a learned skill. For that, we use the verb ‘savoir’.

Il/elle/on/iel peut peut   Nous pouvons pouvons   Vous pouvez pouvez   Ils/elles/iels peuvent peuvent  

Je sais nager.

Je peux nager.

I can swim.

I can swim.

(because I learned to swim)

(because I am allowed to or because the water isn’t too cold, for example)

3. Use the verb ‘VOULOIR’ (to want) to express a desire/need Check Thème 5 for the conjugation of vouloir 

 Structure:  Structur e:

VOULOIR + INFINITIF

Je veux prendre un prendre un rendez-vous pour demain après-midi. I want to make an appointment for tomorrow afternoon.

Elle veut aller chez aller chez le coiffeur la semaine prochaine. She wants to go to the hairdresser next week.

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 Expressio  Expr essions ns avec avec Av Avoir  oir  To express that we are in pain or that a part of our body hurts we use the expression: Avoi Av oir r mal mal + ar arti ticl cle e co cont ntra ract cté é = to be in pain

J’ai mal.

J’ai mal au ventre.

I’m in pain.

My stomach hurts.

J’ai mal à la tête.

J’ai mal aux yeux.

My head hurts.

My eyes hurt.

Attention! For a reminder of what un article contracté  (a contracted article) is, article) is, go to Thème 2!

Vocabulaire  PROBLÈMES DE SANTÉ health issues être malade avoir un rhume/être enrhumé.e avoir la grippe

to be sick

avoir mal au ventre avoir mal à la gorge avoir de la èvre avoir une jambe cassée être en bonne santé

to have a stomach ache to have a sore throat

to have a cold/ a runny nose to have the u

Tap here for

la prononciation

to have (a) fever  to have a broken leg  to be healthy 

LES DOCTEURS / MÉDECINS doctors le/la médecin le/la dentiste le/la pédiatre le/la kinésithérapeute (kiné)

the doctor

le/la chirurgien.ne l’inrmier.ère le/la psychologue (psy) le/la gynécologue-obstétr gynécologue-obstétricien icien

the surgeon the nurse

the dentist the pediatrician the physical therapist 

the psychologist  the obgyn

autres others (places where you may want to make an appointment) le/la coiffeur.euse l’esthéticien.ne le salon de manucure le studio de yoga/pilates la salle de sport

the hairdresser 

le salon de massage

a massage place/spa

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

the cosmetician (waxing/facials) the nail salon the yoga/pilates studio the gym

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thÈme 10

Le laFrançais ançais dans FrVraie Vraie Vi Viee  French  Fr ench in Re Real al Lif Life  e 

 

Speak like a native This theme (the last one, bravo!) differs from the previous ones. We’re sharing practical words, expressions, and vocabulary via Cécilia’s video content on her social media platform @hellofrenchnyc . When you learn a new language, hearing it is essential (that’s why we included many recordings for you to listen to throughout the book). Watching a native speaker speak your target language is even more helpful (hence why this last theme exists!) When you watch the content below, please pay special attention to Cécilia’s mouth/jaw movements and how she forms French sounds. You should also try to repeat what you hear (as many times as you feel is needed for you to retain the new words and sentences) You’ll learn informal expressions, slang, and curse words (because who doesn’t like to swear in French?!)

L’essentiel  Ess  Essent ential ialss Merci

Je (ne) sais pas

Thank you

De rien

Ouais / Nan

You’re welcome welco me

I don’t know  Yeah/Nah

Amour et soin  Lov  Lovee and and car care  e  Je t’aime

J’aime ton sourire

I love you

I love your smile

Tu me manques

I miss you

À tes souhaits!

Tu es un amour

You’re a sweetheart 

Joyeux anniversaire

Bless you! Happy birthday 

Argot et Gros Mots  Sla  Slang ng and Sw Swea earr Wor ords ds Putain

Laisse-moi tranquille

Fuck 

Rien à foutre

Je m’en fous

Fuck it 

Va te faire foutre

Fuck off/you

Tu me fais chier

You piss me off 

Leave me alone

I don’t give a shit 

On se casse ?

Let’s get out of here? 

Je déteste mon boss

I hate my boss

Vocabulaire par sujet Vocabulary per topic  LGBTQ+

Les régions viticoles La santé mentale Psychologie Le cancer du sein Chez le coiffeur Les couleurs (Pt. 1)

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

Les accessoires

LGBTQ+

Faire la fête

Wine regions

Les poils

Mental health

Le deuil

Psychology 

Partying  Body hair  Grief/mourning 

Le maquillage

Breast cancer 

La menstruation

 At the hai haird rdre ress sser  er 

Les couleurs (Pt. 2)  2) 

Colors

thÈme 10

 Acces  Acc essor sories ies/je /jewe welry lry it items ems

Make-up Menstruation Colors

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Expressions idiomatiques  Id  Idiom iomat atic ic Exp Expre ressi ssions ons  

J’ai pas une thune Je suis pompette

I’m drunk 

J’ai la gueule de bois

C’est pas mal

Je suis KO

I’m tipsy 

Je suis bouré.e

Il pleut des cordes

Ça vaut la peine

I’m broke

I’m hungover  It rains cats and dogs

It’s not bad (It’s good)

It’s worth it  I’m exhausted

C’est génial

It’s awesome

Quel bordel

What a mess

Tu assures T’es relou

You rock  roc k  You suck  suc k 

La Musique  Musi  Music  c  Do you want to fully immerse yourself in the French language? language? Listening to French music is an incredible way to learn languages passively (or actively if you want to, by translating lyrics). Below are some of HelloFrench Spotify playlists you may enjoy, tap on them to start listening:

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

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About

the Authors

Cécilia Jourdan

Marie-Lola Sendra

Cécilia was born and raised in Paris, immersed in traditional French values and Parisian culture—she could often be found lending a hand at her father’s Le Marais bistro.

Marie-Lola grew up in the South of France, surrounded by apricot trees at the foothills of the Pyrenées Mountains. A love of novels and poetry led her to the University of Toulouse, where she graduated gradua ted with a Masters in French literature.

She moved to the US in 2007, studied linguistics at New York University and Romance Languages at Hunter College, and has since made Brooklyn her home. After teaching French for over a decade, privately tutoring and leading group workshops for all ages, Cecilia launched Hello French NYC.

Her teaching journey started at a prison in Perpignan, France, giving French lessons to inmates as part of a university project. Helping students take ownership of their learning and achieve their goals continues to inspire her today.

Since July 2020, this passion project has developed into an engaged community of over 250K Francophiles and French learners. Now, Cécilia splits her time between Hello French and J&P, a creative boutique agency she started with her wife.

In 2018, Marie-Lola moved to New York City to work at the French Embassy, later teaching at various language schools and giving private lessons. She now lives in Connecticut and works full-time as a teacher for the French American School of New York.

When she’s not teaching, Cécilia continues to deepen her knowledge about behavioral psychology, and food and wine. She is currently learning Italian (her fourth language) and preparing a trip to Sicily.

@HELLOFRENCHNYC

She loves nature, indie lms, unexpected bookstore bookstore treasures, dancing to old amenco music, and spending time with her husband and son.

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What’s next? 

We’re creating an exercise handbook to help you practice what you learned in Le Bou Bouqui quin n. If you’d like to know when we release it, you can subscribe to the waitlist HERE. To learn more conversational French, follow Cécilia on @hellofrenchnyc

Do you have questions, feedback, or simply want to say bonjour?  Email us at [email protected]

 Merci  Mer ci ! 

 

hellofrenchnyc.com

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