Harrisons Reviewer 2

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INFECTIOUS DISEASES MOST most common cause of FUO infections (then, neoplasms) most frequent cause of FUO in the elderly multisystem disease (giant-cell arteritis being the leading etiologic entity most common infection causing FUO in the elderly TB most common reason for visits to primary care providers URTI most common cause of URI rhinovirus most commonly involved sinus in sinusitis maxillary sinus (ethmoid, frontal, sphenoid) most common pathogens in sinusitis S. pneumoniae and nontypable H. influenzae most often involved in tooth pain in sinusitis upper molars most common pathogen in perichondritis P. aeruginosa and S. aureus most common pathogen in otitis externa P. aeruginosa and S. aureus most common cause of chronic otitis externa primarily by repeated local irritation, most commonly arising from persistent drainage from chronic middle-ear infection most common causative viruses in otitis media RSV, influenza virus, rhinovirus, enterovirus most important bacterial cause S. pneumoniae most common presenting symptom of oropharyngeal infections sore throat most frequent reasons for ambulatory care visits by adults and sore throat children most important source of concern in acute pharyngitis infection with group A beta-hemolytic strep (S. pyogenes) most common identifiable cause of acute pharyngitis respiratory viruses (rhinoviruses and coronaviruses) most commonly involved in infection of the oral cavity HSV or Candida species most commonly affected teeth in Ludwig's angina (fulminant lower second and third molars cellulitis) most common cause of death in Ludwig's angina asphyxiation most common cause of epiglottitis group A streptococcus most common consequence of extension of infection acute pharyngitis most common pathogens in deep infections group A beta hemolytic strep and S. aureus most common sites of entry mucosal surfaces (respiratory, alimentary, urogenital tracts) and the skin most common isolate in asplenic patients with bacterial sepsis S. pneumoniae (50-70%) (also H. influenzae and N. meningitidis) most commonly transmits Babesia Ixodes scapularis (also transmits Borrelia burgdorferi - Lyme disease; and Ehrlichia) most common cause of necrotizing fasciitis group A streptococci alone and a mixed facultative and anaerobic flora most common infectious disease emergencies involving CNS bacterial meningitis most common location of spinal epidural abscesses thoracic or lumbar spine most common etiologic agents of spinal epidural abscesses staphylococci most cost effective health intervention available vaccine most common extraneous allergen egg protein derived fro the growth of measles, mumps,

Harrison’s Reviewer (17th Ed.) part II by Alric V. Mondragon, M.D & Karen Anjela M. Montevirgen 

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most most most most

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most common diagnoses in patients who require emergency department evaluation for symptoms occurring during airline flights most common medical problems encountered by travelers after their return home most common skin conditions affecting travelers after their return home IE most commonly involves

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cardiac conditions most commonly resulting in NBTE

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most common with aortic valve infection most widely accepted to predispose to endocarditis most commonly affected by herpes zoster most commonly affected by streptococcal lesions most common cause of localized folliculitis most commonly affected by erysipelas most common way by which P. aeruginosa is introduced into the deep tissues most commonly affected by gram-negative bacillary cellulitis due to P. aeruginosa gram-positive aerobic rod Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is most often associated with most commonly involved in spontaneous nontraumatic gangrene among patints with neutropenia, GI malignancy, diverticulosis, or recent radiation therapy to the abdomen most common cause of osteomyelitis most common site of infection(osteomyelitis) in older adults and IV drug users most commonly involed in tuberculous spondylitis (Pott's) Primary bacterial peritonitis most commonly occurs in conjunction with most common manifestation of PBP

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common vaccine-preventable infection in travelers important determinant of risk for GI illnesses in travelling frequently identified pathogens causing travelers' diarrhea frequent causes of persistent diarrhea after travel

influenza, and yellow fever viruses in embryonated eggs influenza destination toxigenic E. coli, and enteroaggregative E. coli postinfectious sequelae such as lactose intolerance or irritable bowel syndrome chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

diarrhea, fever, respiratory illness and skin disease pyoderma, sunburn, insect bite, skin ulcers, cutaneous larva migrans heart valves, but may also occur on the low-pressure side of the ventricular septum at the site of a defect, on the mural endocardium where it is damaged by aberrant jets of blood or foreign bodies, or on intracardiac devices themselves mitral regurgitation, aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, VSD, complex congenital heart disease extension dental treatments immunosuppressed individuals and elderly patients children 2-5 years of age Staph aureus infants and elderly adults when person steps on a nail among hospitalized, immunocompromised hosts fish and domestic swine and causes cellulitis primarily in bone renderers and fishmongers Clostridium septicum

pyogenic bacteria and mycobacteria spine (vertebrae as most common site of hematogenous osteomyelitis) thoracic spine cirrhosis of the liver (frequently the result of alcoholism) fever

Harrison’s Reviewer (17th Ed.) part II by Alric V. Mondragon, M.D & Karen Anjela M. Montevirgen 

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most common organisms in PBP most common reason for discontinuation of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis most common organism in CAPD peritonitis most common pathogen in overt exit-site infections in CAPD peritonitis anaerobe most frequently isolated from intraabdominal infections, especially prominent in abscesses most common anaerobic bloodstream isolate most often cause of intraperitoneal abscesses result from

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organ most subject to the development of abscesses most common source of liver abscess most common presenting sign of liver abscess single most reliable laboratory finding in liver abscess most reliable methods for diagnosing liver abscesses

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most frequently isolated in liver abscesses most common associated infection in splenic abscesses most sensitive diagnostic tool in splenic infections most common bacterial isolates from splenic abscesses most important factor in successful treatment of splenic abscesses most common etiology of perinephric and renal abscesses

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most important risk factor in perinephric abscesses most frequently encountered organisms in perinephric and renal abscesses most useful diagnostic modalities in perinephric and renal abscesses most likely to be isolated when psoas abscess arises from hematogenous spread or a contiguous focus of osteomyelitis most likely etiology of psoas abscess when it has an intraabdominal or pelvic source most useful diagnostic technique in psoas abscesses most common disease worldwide most common travel-related illness most common isolates from persons with the classic secretory traveler's diarrhea syndrome most common AGE among children