Hall Chapter 3

Hall Chapter 3 Ethical standards – rights and wrongs that are not universally agreed upon Ethics – principles of conduct that individuals use in making choices and guiding their behavior in situations that involve the concepts of right and wrong Business Ethics – involves nding the answers: ! How do managers decide on on what is right right in conducting conducting their business" business" #! $nce managers managers have recogni%ed recogni%ed what what is right& right& how do they achieve it" it" ' Ethics are needed when con(icts arise – the need to choose ' Con(icts may be b)w employees& management and)or stakeholders stakeholders Ethical *ssues in Business ! #! 3! -!

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/aking Ethical 0ecisions 1roportionality – benet from a decision must outweigh the risks and& also& there must be no alternative decision that provides the same or greater benet with less risk ! 2ustice – benets should should be distributed distributed fairly to those who share the risks those who do not benet should not carry the burden of risk #! /inimi%e ,isk – decision should be implemented implemented so as to minimi%e all of the risks and avoid any unnecessary risks Computer Ethics – the analysis of nature and social impact of computer technology and the corresponding formulation and 4ustication of policies for the ethical use of technology5this includes concerns about software as well as hardware and concerns about networks connecting computers computers as well as computer themselves ' Concerns the social impact of computer technology  6hree levels of computer ethics: ethics: ! 1op – e.posure e.posure to stories stories and reports reports found found in the the popular media regarding regarding good or bad ramications of computer technology #! 1ara – involves taking a real real interest interest in computer computer ethics ethics case and and ac+uiring some level of skill and knowledge in the eld 3! 6heoretical 6heoretical – is of interest interest of multidisciplina multidisciplinary ry researchers researchers who apply apply the theories of philosophy& sociology& and psychology to computer science with the goal of bringing some new understanding to the eld Computer Ethics *ssue:

Hall Chapter 3 ! 1rivacy – raises the issue of ownership of personal information #! 7ecurity 89ccuracy and Condentiality – an attempt to avoid such undesirable events as a loss of condentiality or data integrity 3! $wnership of 1roperty – intellectual property ;;; software what can be owned" -! E+uity in 9ccess