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Curbcuhuj >9?1

Cm ho s

 UBB   UB B 

Qdsbdhdfb CMWBJYOLFOL QDQBOH

Wukuol Ymjnmhokorol Qmtmhoe jmjpmhokorb jotmrb blb, coju c oju gbeoropcol jmjpulyob cmjojpuol smnofob nmrbcut.

?. >. 1. 7.

Jmjoeojb eocbcot, nmltuc, gol `octdr pmlymnon cmtbjpolfol sdsboh. Jmjoeojb tmdrb cmtbjpolfol fhdnoh. Jmjoeojb ocbnot gorb cmtbjpolfol sdsboh. Jmjoeojb upoyo jmlfotosb cmtbjpolfol sdsboh.

O. Eocbcot gol Nmltuc-Nmltuc Cmtbjpolfol Qdsboh Cmogool yolf tbgoc smbjnolf jmlymnoncol ogolyo cmtbgocnmrgoyool gb suotu lmforo otoupul josyorocot. Cmogool tmrsmnut gopot jmjpmrnuruc cdlgbsb suotu lmforo kbco tbgoc gbbjnolfb gmlfol cmsbopol sujnmr goyo jolusbo yolf nmrcuohbtos. Dhme cormlo btu, cbto pmrhu jmjoeojb eocbcot gol nmltuc cmtbjpolfol sdsboh smnofob smnofob nmrbcut.

?.

Eocbcot Cmtbjpolfol Qdsboh Eocbcot cmtbjpolfol sdsboh jmlurut poro oehb, gb oltorolyo smnofob nmrbcut. o.

Jmlurut Lobgdd gol Vbhhs, cmtbjpolfol sdsboh ogohoe pmrnmgool-pmrnmg pmrnmgool-pmrnmgool ool gohoj pmjosucol (bladjm), sujnmr goyo (rmsdurams), cmcuosool ( pdwmr   pdwmr ), ), gol stotus gb gohoj gol gb oltoro josyorocot. Cmtbjpolfol blb gbpmrtoeolcol dhme drolf-drolf yolf nmrcuoso jmhohub blstbtusb gol prdsms-prd prdsms-prdsms sms sdsboh. Jocsuglyo, cmtbjpolfol cmtbjpolfol sdsboh gopot tmrkogb cmtbco smsmdrolf jmjbhbcb pmlgopotol hmnbe nmsor (bladjm), sujnmr goyo, gol cmcuosool, jbsohlyo smdrolf AMD gb smnuoe pmrusoeool pmrcmnulol jmjbhbcb jdnbh jmwoe gol jmjbhbcb nowoeol otou sto` yolf nbso jmjnoltulyo

 

gohoj jmhocucol nmrnofob pmcmrkool. Eoh btu nmrnmgo gmlfol drolf yolf tbgoc jmjbhbcb pmlgopot nmsor, tbgoc jmlfuosob sujnmr goyo, gol tbgoc jmjbhbcb cmcuosool.

 

Q]YM^ "Qdhusb _ubppmr"

Cmtbjpolfol sdsboh jmlurut Lobgdd & Vbhhs

blfot gmlfol sotu sblfcotol ; Q]YB^ (Qtotus, Ydwmr, Ydwmr, Bladjm & ^msduram).

n.

 

Jmlurut Olgrbold` Aeolbofd, cmtbjpolfol sdsboh ogohoe eosbh gorb pmjnolfulol yolf eolyo nmr`dcus pogo ospmc mcdldjb gol jmhupocol ospmc sdsboh. Gohoj eoh blb, pmlfojnbh cmnbkocol jmlfonobcol sbcop gol pmrbhocu sdsboh blgbvbgu, adroc mcdldjb trogbsbdloh, smrto cmulbcol yolf tmrgopot gb nmrnofob lmforo. Adltdelyo, smjocbl nolyoc pmjnolfulol pusot pmrnmholkool jdgmrl (supmrjorcmt ) gb gmcot posor trogbsbdloh.

Q]YM^ "Qdhusb _ubppmr"

Cmtbjpolfol sdsboh jmlurut Olgrbold` Aeolbofd Mcd (mcdldjb) jdgmrl, Yosyo (posor) josbe trogbsbdloh trogbsbdloh..

  Gmlfol gmjbcbol, cmtbjpolfol sdsboh gbtolgob gmlfol cmtbgocsmtoroo cmtbgocsmtorool l pmhuolf gol pmlfeorfool ultuc pdsbsb sdsboh yolf nmrnmgo otou stotus gohoj cmhdjpdc otou josyorocot. Ocol tmtopb, cmtbjpolfol sdsboh tbgochoe sojo gmlfol pmrnmgool sdsboh, smpmrtb strotb﬏cosb gol gb`mrmlsbosb sdsboh. Qmnon, Qmnon, cmtbjpolfol sdsboh gopot gbcotmfdrbcol smnofob josohoe sdsboh cormlo ogolyo cmtbgocogbhol gohoj pmjnmrbol cdltrbnusb cmpogo josyorocot gorb nmrnofob ospmc cmebgupol.

>.

Nmltuc-Nmltuc Cmtbjpolfol Qdsboh Cmtbjpolfol sdsboh josbe jmlkogb josohoe gb nmrnofob lmforo gulbo sojpob soot blb. Cmtbjpolfol sdsboh tbgoc eolyo tmrkogb gb lmforo nmrcmjnolf, tmtopb kufo gb lmforo joku. Blgdlmsbo yolf tmrjosuc lmforo nmrcmjnolf kufo jmlfohojb cmtbjpolfol sdsboh. Jmlurut Olgrbold` Aeolbofd, ogo mloj cmtbjpolfol yolf tmrkogb gb Blgdlmsbo, yobtu smnofob nmrbcut. o.

Cmtbjpolfol oltoro gmso gol cdto.

n.

Cmsmlkolfol pmjnolfulo pmjnolfulol l sujnmr goyo jolusbo oltorwbhoyoe gb Blgdlmsbo.

>

 

1.

a.

Qmjocbl jmlblfcotlyo cmsmlkolfol mcdldjb oltorfdhdlf oltorfdhdlfol ol gohoj josyorocot.

g.

Cmtbjpolfol pmlymnor pmlymnorol ol osmt gb coholfol swosto yolf smnofbol nmsor cmpmjbhbcol osmtlyo tmrcdlsmltrosb pogo scoho nmsor.

m.

Cmtbjpolfol oltorsmctdr mcdldjb gmlfol abrb smnofbol smctdr soko yolf jmlgopot tmjpot yolf bstbjmwo. Adltde; pmjnolfulol prdpmrtb oportmjml jmwoe jmlgopot tmjpot yolf bstbjmwo gbnolgblfcol rujoe susul.

`.

Cmtbjpolfol oltorwbhoyoe gol sunwbhoy sunwbhoyoe oe gmlfol abrb cdlsmltrosb mcdldjb tmrpusot pogo wbhoyoe pmrcdtool gol bnu cdto smeblffo gomroe eolyo jmlgopotcol mcdldjb yolf solfot cmabh. Adltde; wbhoyoe Kondgmtonmc (Kocorto, Ndfdr, Gmpdc, Wolfmrolf, gol Nmcosb) jmlkogb pusot pmrcdtool smeblffo pmhoyolol mcdldjb, cmsmeotol, gol pmlgbgbcol hmnbe nobc, smgolfcol gb wbhoyoe tmrpmlabh, smpmrtb Yuhou Jursoho ocsms pmhoyolol mcdldjb, cmsmeotol, gol pmlgbgbcol curolf jmjogob.

Wmdrb Cmtbjpo Cmtbjpolfol lfol Fhdnoh  Wmdrb cmtbjpolfol fhdnoh gbfulocol  Wmdrb gbfulocol ultuc jmlfolohbsbs tmrkogblyo cmtbjpolfol cmtbjpolfol smaoro fhdnoh. Ogo nmrnofob tmdrb yolf jmlkmhoscol jmlfmlob cmtbjpolfol fhdnoh, gb oltorolyo smnofob nmrbcut. o.

Wmdrb Cdhdlbohbs Cdhdlbohbsjm jm

 

Wmdrb blb jmrukuc pogo sotu lmforo yolf jmlkogbco jmlkogbcol l nolyoc wbhoyoe smnofob lmforo cdhdlblyo. Jmlurut Edrrbsdl, lmforo blgustrb (lmforo copbtohbs) jmlolojcol smnofbol cmultulfollyo cm gohoj pmrsmlkotool yolf tolffue gol copoh ampot, cmjugbol gbfulocol ultuc jmlymrnu lmforo yolf hmjoe ultuc gbkogbcol cdhdlblyo. Qmtmhoe nolfso yolf hmjoe tochuc, hohu lmforo blgustrb ocol jmlblffohcol cmcuotol pmlfmlgohb ultuc jmlfmhdho lmforo cdhdlb tmrsmnut. Kogb, cdhdlbohbsjm jmlfmcsphdbtosb rocyot gol sujnmr goyo suotu nolfso gmjb cmultulfol lmforo copbtohbs (blguc).

n.

Wmdrb Qbstmj Gulbo

 

Wmdrb sbstmj gulbo gbcmjucocol dhme Bjjolumh Vohhmrstmbl. Bjjolumh jmlfolohbsbs noewo blgustrbohbsosb jmlfeosbhcol tbfo cmhdjpdc nolfso, yobtu smnofob nmrbcut. ?.)

Lmforo bltb, yobtu lmforo yolf hmnbe guhu jmhocucol blgustrbohbsosb gol

jmlgdjblosb lmforo yolf hmjoe. Adltde; lmforo-lmforo yolf tmrfonulf gohoj drfolbsosb F5 (Cologo, Yrolabs, Kmrjol, Btohbo, Kmpolf, ^usbo, Blffrbs, gol Ojmrbco Qmrbcot). >.)

Lmforo smjbpmrb`mrb, yobtu lmforo yolf nmrfoltulf pogo pmrgofolfol lmforo

bltb. Adltde; lmforo-lmforo gb cowosol Wbjur Wmlfoe. 1.)

Lmforo pmrb`mrb, yobtu lmforo pblffbrol. Adltde; lmforo-lmforo gb cowosol

Osbo gol O`rbco.

1

 

a.

Wmdrb Cmtmrfoltu Cmtmrfoltulfol lfol (Gmpmlgm (Gmpmlgmlsb) lsb)

 

Wmdrb cmtmrfoltulf cmtmrfoltulfol ol jmlkmhoscol noewo cmtmrnmhocolfol smnofob ocbnot suotu sbstmj copbtohbs bltmrlosbdloh yolf gdjblol (pmrusoeool-pmrusoeool (pmrusoeool-pmrusoeool juhtblosbdloh) gol nmrsmcutu gmlfol mhbtm hdcoh gb gulbo cmtbfo yolf jmlffulocol cmhmnbeol jmrmco yolf bstbjmwo ultuc jmjpmrtoeolcol cmgugucol. Gulbo cmtbfo ogohoe lmforo-lmforo nmrcmjnolf yolf tbgoc josuc gulbo pmrtojo (lmforo copbtohbs) gol gulbo cmguo (lmforo cdjulbs). Adltdelyo, nolyoclyo blvmstdr osblf yolf jmlolojcol jdgoh gb Blgdlmsbo jmjnuot Blgdlmsbo jmlkogb cmtmrfoltulfol gmlfol jdgoh osblf.

g.

Ymlgmcotol Qtructuroh

 

Ymlgmcotol structuroh ogohoe aoro hobl ultuc jmjolgolf cmtbjpolfol gulbo gohoj eoh cmsmkoetmrool gol cmcuosool. Ymlgmcotol blb jmjolgolf noewo cmjbscblol gol cmnmrfoltulfol gulbo cmtbfo tbgoc gbsmnoncol dhme cmputusol cmnbkocol yolf smlfoko gbnuot gb Ojmrbco Qmrbcot, Blffrbs, otoupul ^usbo. Ocol tmtopb, nmrosoh gorb structur sbstmj bltmrlosbdloh yolf cdlstrucsblyo gbnuot smgmjbcbol rupo smeblffo nolfso pmlfmcspdr noeol jmltoe tmrpocso cmebholfol nofbollyo gorb cmultulfol prdgucsb. Adltdelyo, Adltdelyo, Blgdlmsbo jmlfmcspdr nmlolf cm Wbdlfcdc, cmjugbol lmforo  Wbdlfcdc jmlfbjpdr norolf eosbh gorb nmlolf jmlkogb noeol hobl smpmrtb, noku, amholo, gol hobl smnofoblyo yolf eorfolyo hmnbe joeoh gorb noeol nocu nmlolf tmrsmnut.

m.

Wmdrb @ulfsbdlohbs

 

Wmdrb `ulfsbdloh `ulfsbdlohbs bs jmlkmhosc jmlkmhoscol ol noewo cmtbgocsm cmtbgocsmtorool torool tbgoc nbso gbeblgorb gol jmjoblcol `ulfsb pmltblf gohoj josyorocot. Jmlurut Cblfshmy Govbs gol Vbhnmrt Jddrm, pmlymnon cmtbgocsmtorool gol strotb﬏cosb josyorocot, yobtu;

 

?.)

josyorocot eorus jmjostbcol noewo pdsbsb-pdsbsb pdsbsb-pdsbsblyo lyo tmrbsb3

>.) 1.)

nmnmropo pdsbsb hmnbe pmltblf gorbpogo yolf hobl3 pdsbsb-pdsbsb yolf hmnbe pmltblf eorus gbbsb dhme drolf yolf nmrcuohb﬏cosb3

7.)

ultuc jmjdtbvosb drolf yolf hmnbe nmrcuohb﬏cosb ofor jmlfbsb pdsbsb-pdsbsb blb, josyorocot eorus jmloworcol bjnohol hmnbe nmsor.

Gohoj tmdrb blb, pdsbsb-pdsbs pdsbsb-pdsbsbb gmlfol tolffulf kowon hmnbe nmsor jmlultut pmrtolffulfkowonol pmrtolffulfkow onol yolf hmnbe nmsor kufo. Kogb, pdsbsb pmltblf gohoj josyorocot jmjmrhucol hmnbe nolyoc pmhotbeol smeblffo eorus jmlmrbjo bjnohol hmnbe tblffb. Adltdelyo, Adltdel yo, smsmdrolf yolf jmlgugucb pdsbsb Funmrlur Nolc Blgdlmsbo, B lgdlmsbo, jmjpmrdhme pmlgopotol gol tulkolfol yolf nmsor cormlo jmjbhbcb tolffulfkowon tolffulfkowon yolf nmsor gohoj jmlfotur pmrmcdldjbol Blgdlmsbo.

7

 

`.

Wmdrb Cdl﬎bc 

 

Wmdrb cdl﬎bc jmhbeot cmtbjpolfol smnofob ocbnot gorb cmhdjpdc gmlfol cmcuotol ( pdwmr ) jmlgdjblosb cmhdjpdc yolf curolf cuot. Ymrspmctb` blb jmhbeot josyorocot smnofob suotu cdjulbtos yolf jmjbhbcb abrb ceos otos ogolyo cmtbgocsojool. Gohoj eoh blb, josyorocot ocol smhohu jmlfohojb cdl﬎bc smaoro tmrus-jmlmrus, nobc gb gohoj cmhdjpdc joupul cmhos sdsboh.

 

Yoro tdcde tmdrb cdl﬎bc, gb oltorolyo smnofob nmrbcut. ?.)

Corh Jorx, jmlyotocol noewo copbtohbsjm ocol jmjpmrulablf pmrnmgool

cmhos oltorblgbvbgu. Ymrnmgool oltorcmhos gbnofb jmlkogb tbfo, yobtu cmhos pmjbhbc jdgoh (couj ndrkubs), pmjbhbc toloe, gol cmhos yolf tbgoc jmjbhbcb cmguolyo yolf eolyo jmjbhbcb tmlofo (couj prdhmtor). >.)

Hmwbs Adsmr, jmlyotocol noewo suotu pmrkuolfol jmlfmlob lbhob smrto

tultutol otos stotus, cmcuosool, gol sujnmr goyo yolf nmrsb`ot holfco.  Wukuollyo  Wuku ollyo ogohoe ogohoe ultuc jmlmtrohcol jmlmtrohcol otou jmhmlyopcol jmhmlyopcol pbeoc howol. howol. 1.)

^oh` Goermlgd`t, jmlyotocol noewo josyorocot tmrgbrb gorb drfolbsosb-

drfolbsosb yolf gbgosorcol pogo cmcuosool otou wmwmlolf. Gohoj eoh blb, ogo pbeoc pmlfuoso gol pbeoc yolf gbcuosob.

f.

Wmdrb Ymrtujnueo Ymrtujnueol l Lmdchos Lmdchosbc  bc 

 

Wmdrb blb jmjulauhc jmjulauhcol ol smnuoe prmgbcsb tmltolf eunulfol oltoro tblfcot pmjnolfulol pmjnolfulo l mcdldjb losbdloh suotu lmforo gmlfol cmtbjpolfol pmjnolfulol pmjnolfulol oltorwbhoyoe. Wmdrb lmdchosbc nmrolffopol noewo jdnbhbtos `octdr prdgucsb, nobc jdgoh joupul tmlofo cmrko pogo owoh prdsms pmjnolfulol curolf holaor. Eoh blb nmrocbnot jdgoh gol tmlofo cmrko jmhuos. Lojul, nbho prdsms pmjnolfulol tmrus nmrholkut gmlfol jocbl nobclyo sorolo gol prosorolo cdjulbcosb smrto jdnbhbtos jdgoh gol tmlofo cmrko ocol smjocbl holaor. Kogb, loltblyo smtmhoe lmforo jmlkogb joku, joco cmtbjpolfol pmjnolfulol rmfbdloh ocol nmrcurolf.

 

Q]YM^ "Qdhusb _ubppmr"

 Wmdrb  W mdrb cmtbjpolfol cmtbjpolfol fhdnoh CDGDC QD CHBC Cdhdlbohbsjm, Gmpmlgmlsb, LmDchosbc QtruCturoh, Qbstmj gulbo, @ulfsbdlohbs, Cdl` hbc  hbc 

=

 

7.

Cmtbjpolfol Qdsboh gohoj Qmkoroe Cmtbjpolfol sdsboh gohoj smkoroe ogohoe smnofob nmrbcut.

=.

o.

Joso ^djowb, pmjnolfulol gbhocucol dhme poro nugoc.

n.

Julauh sbstmj `mdgoh gb jolo nugoc jmlfmhdho toloe.

a.

Wmrkogblyo rmvdhusb blgustr blgustrbb jmlfunoe structur josyorocot.

g.

Julauhlyo jdnbhbtos sdsboh.

Ymlforue Cmtbjpolfol Fhdnoh YNN jmhohub hmjnofo ]lbtmg Lotbdls Gmvmhdpjmlt Yrdfrojjm  (]LGY), jmlfmhuorcol hopdrol jmlfmlob kurolf pmlgopotol oltoro smpmrhbjo pmlguguc gulbo yolf ebgup gb lmforo-lmforo coyo gmlfol smpmrhbjo yolf ebgup gb lmforo-lmforo jbscbl tmrus jmlblfcot. Jmscbpul bltmfrosb mcdldjb fhdnoh tmhoe tmrkogb smhojo nmnmropo gmcogm blb, tmtopb cmtbjpolfol fhdnoh kufo jmlfohojb pmlblfcotol smaoro ampot. Gohoj eoh blb, pmlforue cmtbjpolfol fhdnoh ocol jmjnowo pmlforue pogo cmhdjpdc rocyot jbscbl gol cmhos jmlmlfoe yolf gbkmhoscol smnofob nmrbcut. o.

Jmhbeot Cmtbjpolfol Fhdnoh gohoj Qmkoroe

 

Cdm﬏sbml fblb otou yolf nboso gbsmnut rosbd fblb gbfulocol ultuc jmlfucur tblfcot cmtbjpolfol gbstrbnusb pmlgopotol gb suotu lmforo otoupul oltorlmforo. ^osbd fblb jmlfebtulf cmtbjpolfol pmjosucol gmlfol koroc 9‑?. Quotu gbstrbnusb pmlgopotol jocbl jmroto kbco rosbd fblb jmlgmcotb ldh (9). Qmnohbclyo, suotu gbstrbnusb pmlgopotol gbcotocol jocbl tbgoc jmroto kbco lbhob rosbd fblb-lyo jmlgmcotb sotu (?). Kogb, jocbl nmsor rosbd fblb, jocbl nmsor cmsmlkolfol pmlgopotol rujoe tolffo gb suotu lmforo.

 

Kbco jmlffulocol rosbd fblb ultuc jmhbeot pmrcmjnolfo pmrcmjnolfol l cmtbjpolfol fhdnoh gohoj smkoroe, joco nbso jmlffulocol eosbh pmlmhbtbol Nrolcd Jbholdvba. ^osbd fblbtmrkogb gulbo smhojo >99 toeul (toeul ?5>9->99>) ?5>9->99> ) tmrkogb oltorlmforo pmlblfcotol nmrtoeop. Ortblyo, pmlblfcotol cmtbjpolfol pmlgopotol gb gulbo, utojolyo pogo toeul ?259‑>99>. Ymrcbrool ^osbd Fblb, ?5>9->99 ?5>9->99> > Woeul

^osbd Fblb

?5>9

9.71

?5=9

9.=1

?569

9.=0

?2?1

9.0?

0

 

?2>2

9.0>

?2=9

9.07

?209

9.07

?259

9.00

>99>

9.6?

n.

Ymlforue Cmtbjpolfol Fhdnoh pogo ^ocyot Jbscbl

 

Qmcbtor >>% pdpuhosb gulbo (?,> jbhbor drolf) ebgup gmlfol pmlgopotol curolf gorb $?,>= pmr eorb, cmjugbol smcbtor 79% pdpuhosb gulbo (>,> jbhbor drolf) ebgup gmlfol pmlgopotol curolf gorb $> pmr eorb. Qmhobl btu, smcbtor ?% (0? kuto drolf josuc cm gohoj drolf tmrcoyo gb gulbo) jmjbhbcb pmlgopotol yolf sojo gmlfol =0% pmlguguc tmrjbscbl gb gulbo (1,= jbhbor drolf).

a.

Ymlforue Cmtbjpolfol Fhdnoh pogo Cmhos Jmlmlfoe

 

Jmlurut Drtbz gol Aujjbls yolf jmlfojnbh goto ]LGY, ]LGY, Nolc Gulbo, gol Murdstot, Murdst ot, pogo lmforo gmlfol pmlgopotol rmlgoe gol tblffb, rocyot jbscbl gol cmhdjpdc jmlmlfoe jmlfohojb cmjulgurol pmlgopotol. Eoh tmrsmnut jmlbjnuhcol pmrgmnotol nofobjolo lmforo eorus jmjmlueb cmnutueol smhurue rocyotlyo, tmrjosuc kufo cmhos jmlmlfoe yolf jmrupocol cmhdjpdc pmltblf gohoj pmjnolfulol nolfso.

0.

@octdr Ymly Ymlymnon mnon Cmtbjpolfol Qdsboh @octdr pmlymnon cmtbjpolfol sdsboh gopot gblbhob gorb guo `octdr, yoclb `octdr structuroh gol `octdr cuhturoh. o.

@octdr Qtructuroh

 

@octdr structuroh jmrupocol cmnbkocol yolf gbojnbh dhme pmjmrbltoe gohoj @octdr jmlolfolb josyorocot, nobc yolf nmrsb`ot hmfoh, `drjoh, joupul gohoj pmhocsolool cmnbkocollyo. cmnbkocolly o. Gohoj eoh blb, `octdr structuroh smnofob pmlyohur mlmrfb yolf jmjnmrb osmt cm josyorocot ofor gopot gbdptbjohcol mlmrfblyo ultuc pmjnolfulol gbrb gol nolfso. Ymjmrbltoe eorus jojpu jmlkogb gblojbsotdr, jmgbotdr, gol cotohbsotdr smeblffo cmnbkocol pmjmrbltoe gopot sojo nmlor gmlfol cmblfblol josyorocot. Ymlkmhosollyo Ymlkmhosoll yo ogohoe smnofob nmrbcut. ?.)

Gblojbsotdr yobtu pmjmrbltoe nmrcmwokbnol jmlabptocol sbjpotb poro

oporotur lmforo tmreogop josyorocot, nmfbtu kufo smnohbclyo. >.)

Jmgbotdr yobtu pmjmrbltoe eorus jojpu nmrhocu ogbh gohoj jmlymhmsobcol

josohoe gb josyorocot gol jmjbhbcb wowosol cmnolfsool yolf cuot.

6

 

Adltdelyo, cmpdhbsbol jmlkogb jmgbotdr ultuc jmlymhmsobcol towurol worfo. 1.)

Cotohbsotdr  yobtu pmjmrbltoe eorus jojpu jmlforoecol gbrb smnofob

pmlfotur gol pmlfmlgohb pmrjosohoeol yolf julauh gorb cmnbkocol yolf gbcmhuorcollyo. gbcmhuor collyo. Adltdelyo, Ymjmrbltoe Yrdvblsb GCB Kocorto jmjnuot prdfroj rujoe susul smgmreolo eoc jbhbc (rusulojb) ultuc pmrjucbjol worfo cdrnol pmlffusurol.

n.

@octdr Cuhturoh

 

@octdr cuhturoh smnofob mlmrfb pmlffmroc cmebgupol josyorocot. Eoh btu nmrcobtol @octdr gmlfol coroctmr josyorocot gohoj jmhocsolocol cmebgupollyo. Gohoj eoh blb, cuhtur josyorocot nmrcobtol gmlfol lbhob-lbhob yolf gbolut dhme suotu josyorocot. Kogb, `octdr cuhtur solfothoe pmltblf ultuc gbnmloeb ofor gopot jmlabptocol lbhoblbhob prdguctb` gohoj jmlfotosb cmtbjpolfol sdsboh smeblffo tmrkogb cmogbhol sdsboh. Adltdelyo, nugoyo hmfdwd pogo josyorocot Kowo jmjnuot ogolyo drbmltosb noewo ebgup jmrupocol cmogool yolf gbnmrbcol dhme solf pmlabpto, smeblffo cmogool jbscbl, tbgoc nmrgoyo, cmcurolfol gopot gbtmrbjo.

 

Q]YM^ "Qdhusb _ubppmr"

@octdr pmlymnon cmtbjpolfol sdsboh QuY CbhdJmtmr (Qtructuroh, Ymjmrbltoe, Cuhturoh, Josyorocot).

6.

Ocbnot Cmtbjpolfol Qdsboh Gojpoc pdsbtb` 

o.

Jmlgdrdlf wbhoyoe hobl yolf curolf joku ultuc gopot nmrsoblf.

n.

Jmlblfcotcol pmrtujnueol ultuc cmsmkoetmrool josyorocot.

Gojpoc lmfotb` 

  Cmtbjpolfol sdsboh jmlbjnuhcol mloj gojpoc lmfotb` gb josyorocot, yobtu smnofob nmrbcut. o.

Jmhmjoelyo Kbwo Vbrousoeo

 

Jmhmjoelyo kbwo wbrousoeo (mltrmprmlmursebp) gopot jmlffolffu pmrcmjnolfol pmrmcdldjbol nolfso, smnon pmlfmjnolfollyo jmjnutuecol cmjojpuol golo, tmlofo, jolokmjml, gol pmhuolf nmrusoeo tmrjosuc posor. Gohoj eoh blb, mltrmprmlmursebp jmjnutuecol sbcop jmltoh yolf uhmt, amrgos, kukur, crmotb`, smrto polgob jmlaorb gol jmjol`ootcol pmhuolf. Kogb, kbco cmtbjpolfol sdsboh gopot jmhmjoecol kbwo cmwbrousoeool joco pmjnolfulol gb suotu lmforo ocol

5

 

tmrfolffu. Adltdelyo, josyorocot yolf tocut nmrwbrousoeo nbosolyo jmhocucol  kohol pbltos gmlfol aoro jmlfbcutb jmlfbcutb ulgbol ulgbol nmreogboe gol blvmstosb yolf yolf bhhmfoh.

n.

Cmjbscblol

 

Cmjbscblol  ogohoe cmogool smsmdrolf yolf tbgoc solffup jmjmhbeoro gbrblyo

smlgbrb smsuob gmlfol toro` cmebgupol cmhdjpdc gol tbgoc jojpu jmjol`ootcol tmlofo, nobc jmltoh joupul ﬏sbclyo gohoj cmhdjpdclyo. Adltde, ogolyo josyorocot yolf nuto euru` gol nohbto yolf jmlfohojb fbzb nuruc.  

Qmaoro ujuj, cmjbscblol gbnmgocol otos guo nmltuc, smnofob nmrbcut. ?.)

Cmjbscblol yolf nmrsb`ot ohojboe (cuhturoh), yobtu cmjbscblol yolf gbsmnoncol dhme blgbvbgu btu smlgbrb. Adltde; sb`ot johos smrto curolflyo cmjojpuol bltmhmctuoh gol cmtmrojpbho cmtmrojpbhol. l.

>.)

Cmjbscblol yolf nmrsb`ot structuroh, yobtu ocbnot sbstmj gol structur yolf ogo. Adltde; pokoc yolf tblffb gol nboyo pmlgbgbcol yolf joeoh gbsmnoncol dhme cmnbkocol pmjmrbltoe.

Jmscbpul cmjbscblol jmlkogb suotu josohoe sdsboh, tmtopb jmlurut Govbs  gmlfol tmdrb `ulfsbdlohbs gorb strotb﬏cosb, cmjbscblol jmjbhbcb smkujhoe `ulfsb smnofob nmrbcut. ?)

Mcdldjb, yobtu jmlymgbocol tmlofo cmrko ultuc pmcmrkool tmrtmltu,

jmjulauhcol golo sdsboh, jmjnuco hopolfol cmrko noru, gol jmjol`ootcol norolf nmcos pocob. Adltdelyo, pmjmrbltoe jmjnuot prdfroj pmjnmrgoyool josyorocot losbdloh. >)

Qdsboh, yobtu jmlgotolfcol cmnobcol spdltol gol pmrosool smnofob sujnmr

bjokblosb cmsuhbtol ebgup nofb sb coyo, ucurol cmjokuol nofb cmhos hobl, gol jmjbau julauhlyo nogol ojoh. Adltdelyo, pmjmrbltoe jmjnmltuc nogol ojbh zocot losbdloh (NO[LOQ). 1)

Cuhturoh, yobtu smnofob sujnmr blspbrosb cmnbkocol tmcldcrot, blspbrosb nofb

sostrowol, gol jmjpmrcoyo nugoyo sohblf jmhblgulfb oltorjolusbo. Adltdelyo, pmjmrbltoe octb` gohoj drfolbsosb Vdrhg Auhturm @druj  ultuc jmjokucol cmnugoyool losbdloh. 7)

Ydhbtbc , yobtu nmr`ulfsb smnofob cmhdjpdc josyorocot tmrpblffbrcol (jorfbloh).

Adltdelyo, joroclyo drfolbsosb-drfolbsosb josyorocot yolf nmrsb`ot cmgomroeol.

a.

Cmjmrdsdtol Jdroh

 

Cmjmrdsdtol jdroh julauh smnofob ocbnot gorb cmtbjpolfol sdsboh yolf tbgoc eolyo

2

 

gbhocucol dhme cmhdjpdc josyorocot yolf curolf jojpu, tmtopb kufo cmhdjpdc josyorocot yolf jojpu yolf gbpbau dhme nmrcmjnolflyo sbcop blgbvbguohbstbs gol jotmrbohbstbs. Cmjmrdsdtol jdroh yolf tmrkogb gohoj cmhdjpdc josyorocot yolf jojpu, yobtu sbcop curolf pmguhb tmreogop smsojo gol jmlfolffop josyorocot jorfbloh smnofob ohot ultuc jmjuoscol cmblfblollyo. Eoh btu cormlo jmrmco jmlfolffop uolf gol cmcuosool ogohoe smfoho-foholyo yolf nbso jmjnmhb smfoho yolf gbblfblcol.  

Ogopul cmjmrdsdto cmjmrdsdtol l jdroh yolf tmrkogb gohoj cmhdjpdc josyorocot yolf curolf jojpu gbpbau dhme cmtbgocjojpuollyo gohoj jmjmlueb cmnutueol prbjmr gol smculgmrlyo. Ocbnotlyo, jmrmco tmrpocso jmlkoholcol ebgup gmlfol smfoho aoro gmjb ultuc cmholfsulfol ebgup, jmscbpul tmrcogolf eorus jmholffor ldrjo yolf nmrhocu, smpmrtb pmlaurbol, pmlbpuol, gol pmrojpdcol.

g.

Crbjblohbtos

Crbjblohbtos otou cmkoeotol gohoj sdsbdhdfb, gb oltorolyo smnofob nmrbcut. ?.)

Cmkoeotol cmroe nbru (nhum adhhor arbjm), yobtu cmkoeotol yolf gbhocucol dhme josyorocot cmhos sdsboh nowoe. Adltdelyo, jmladpmt gb gohoj cmrmto adjjutmr hblm cmtbco smgolf pogot pmlujpolf.

>.)

Cmkoeotol cmroe putbe (webtm adhhor arbjm), yobtu cmkoeotol yolf gbhocucol dhme drolf yolf tmrpolgolf otou nmrstotus sdsboh tblffb gohoj pmcmrkoollyo. Adltde, dcluj pmkonot yolf cdrupsb gol jmlffmhopcol pokoc.

m.

Jdldpdhb

 

Jdldpdhb  ogohoe suotu pmlfuosool posor yolf gbhocucol dhme smsmdrolf otou

pmrusoeool ultuc jmlfuosob pmlkuohol prdguc norolf gol koso gb posor yolf gbtukucol cmpogo poro pmholffollyo. Abrb-abrb jdldpdhb ogohoe smnofob nmrbcut. ?.)

Ymlfuosool posor dhme smnofbol pbeoc soko.

>.)

Yrdguc yolf gbtoworcol dhme prdgusml tbgoc jmjbhbcb soblfol.

`.

Ymlamjorol Hblfculfol Ohoj

 

Ymlamjorol hblfculfol ohoj ogohoe rusoclyo toto hblfculfol yolf gbsmnoncol

dhme jolusbo. Ymlamjorol hblfculfol cormlo jolusbo solfothoe suhbt gbpmrnobcb nbho jolusbo tbgoc ampot sogor ultuc jmlfemltbcollyo. Adltdelyo, cmnocorol eutol yolf gbhocucol dhme jolusbo gopot jmlfocbnotcol cmrusocol mcdsbstmj joupul cmjotbol ﬎dro gol `oulo. Eoh btu nmrnmgo kbco hblfculfol rusoc cormlo `octdr ohoj joco smaoro ohojboe ohoj ocol jmjpmrnobcblyo cmjnohb. Adltdelyo, onu gorb fululf yolf jmhmtus gopot jmlyunurcol toloe gb smcbtor wbhoyoe fululf.

?9

 

5.

]poyo Jmlfotosb Cmtbjpolfol Qdsboh Cmtbjpolfol sdsboh jmjbhbcb nmnmropo josohoe smpmrtb cmjbscblol, cmjmrdsdtol jdroh, crbjblohbtos gol smnofoblyo. Cmogool tmrsmnut pmrhu ogolyo usoeo ultuc jmlolffuholfb otou gbaorbcol sdhusb ofor josyorocot tbgoc tmrhohu kotue pogo cmogool tbgoc jmlmltu. Olohbso gol jmtdgm pmlymhmsobol josohoe eorus gbtolffolb dhme smjuo coholfol josyorocot nobc pmjmrbltoe joupul hmjnofo sdsboh hobllyo, eoh blb gbhocucol ofor cmnbkocol gopot gbfulocol gmlfol m`mctb` gol tmpot sosorol. Dhme cormlo btu pmrhu ogolyo bgmltb﬏cosb josohoe yolf gbtbjnuhcol smnmhuj jmlaorb nmrnofob sdhusb, holfcoe yolf eorus gbojnbh ogohoe smnofob nmrbcut. o.

Wmltucol josohoe yolf ocol gbaorb sdhusblyo sdhusblyo..

n.

Bgmltb﬏cosb `octdr pmlymnon josohoe.

a.

Jmlaorb nmnmropo ohtmrlotb` sdhusb.

g.

Jmlfchosb﬏cosb josohoe gmlfol jmlaorb jolo yolf hmnbe pmltblf otou nmrot smeblffo jmholkutcol cm pmlymhmsobo pmlymhmsobol l nmrbcutlyo.

 

Q]YM^ "Qdhusb _ubppmr"

]poyo Jmlfotosb Cmtbjpolfol Qdsboh W]JYOQ (Wmlt]col Josohoe Ymlymnon Ohtmrlotb` choQb﬏cosb).

  Jmlymhmsobcol josohoe ogohoe cmwokbnol smtbop blgbvbgu ultuc tmfos gol jmlootb smtbop oturol yolf gbtmtopcol. Kbco sdhusb tmhoe gbgopotcol joco ultuc jmjpmrcuot smnuoe cmnbkocol otou rmfuhosb pmrhu ogolyo cmkmhosol tblgocol eucuj yolf tmfos nofb smjuo olffdto josyorocot. Qolcsb gol eucujol pmrhu gbtmropcol gmlfol polgolfol noewo smtbop oturol gbyocblb gol gbjbhbcb nucol ultuc gbholffor. Dhme cormlo btu, smhobl upoyo jmlfotosb cmtbjpolfol joco eorus gbnormlfb gmlfol jmhotbe gbrb ultuc jmhocucol eoh-eoh smnofob nmrbcut. o.

Jmlkoholcol pmrbltoe Wueo Wueol l gol jmlkoueb smfoho horolfol-Lyo (tocwo).

n.

Nmhokor gol jmjnbosocol gbrb jmlabltob smsojo jolusbo.

a.

Jmlolojcol cmsogorol gol roso ablto cmpogo toloe obr obr,, nolfso, gol lmforo.

g.

Jmhotbe gol jmjnbosocol gbrb ebgup smrto nmrfouh gol nmrsbcop gmjdcrotbs.

m.

Jmhotbe gol jmjnbosocol gbrb nmrsbcop ogbh gol nmrkbwo sdsboh.

??