Habitat Centre Report

PUNJAB HABITAT CENTRE

GAGANDEEP CHOPRA 6811500155

THESIS CERTIFICATE

PRINCIPAL

THESIS CO.

THESIS GUIDE

Ar. K.D.Mankotia

Ar. V.P.Anil

Ar. Ashish Nangia

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

GAGANDEEP CHOPRA

CONTENTS • SYNOPSIS

• LIBRARY STUDY

• CASE STUDIES

• SITE ANALYSIS

• AREA PROGRAMING

• DESIGN CRITERIA

SYNOPSIS

HABITAT CENTRE

An ideal Habitat Centre is the one, which provides a physical environment with a wide range of activities that would maximize the effectiveness of the individuals and institutions, in a holistic way to Support the habitat. The principal resolve of the Habitat Centre should be restore environment and ecology at entry level to reflect a balanced harmonious and improved way of life.

Habitat Centre should provide the finest convention facilities like • Recreation areas • guest rooms • business centre that are equipped with the state of art facilities. Habitat Centre should have a variety of highly casual and fine dining restaurants with elaborate menu options prepared by some of the top chefs from within and outside the country. It should be able to host the premier cultural and entertainment events which shall include theatre, movies, dance & music renditions, art exhibitions, talks, walks, workshops and children‟s events.

SITE LOCATION

SITE DETAILS

Location – Sector 68 • Area – 4.92 acres • Land Use – General Business and Retail Shopping as per S.A.S. nagar Master Plan (1996 – 2016) • Adjoining Municipal Council Building • Surrounded by roads on two sides • Proposal to develop adjoining road into urban expressway within Mohali by GMADA as part of airport connectivity GENERAL DEVELOPMENT AND CONTROL REGULATION

Land Use – General Business and Retail Shopping • Floor Area Ratio – 1:3 • Ground Coverage – 40% • Parking – 2 ECS per 100 sq.m. of floor area

VALIDITY

SCOPE OF PROJECT A HABITAT CENTRE is conceived to provide a physical environment which would serve as a catalyst for a synergetic relationship between individuals and institutions working in diverse habitat related areas and therefore, maximize their total effectiveness. Convention Area – Break out rooms & board room/conference rooms, meeting halls, exhibition area - permanent exhibition hall and art gallery, VIP rooms, trade office block, registration desk, library etc. Business Complex - banks and corporate offices, which will twine as an integral part of the overall Habitat Centre Lodging and Boarding Facility – furnished guest rooms – 100 nos., restaurant with intercontinental cuisine and bar, coffee shop, laundry, kitchen etc Executive Health Club - facilities like Card Room, Lounge, Billiards Room, etc., and gymnasium cum health club open for members only with Sauna/Jacuzzi and roof top swimming pool

AIMS •To increase socio-economic benefits derived from social and cultural activities promoting awareness about our environment. •To organize and promote conferences, seminars, lectures, public debates and exhibitions in matters relating to habitat, human settlements and environment. •To Promote better urban and rural settlements relevant of the Indian social, cultural and economic context and related to the lifestyle of its people. •To improve visitor satisfaction as manifested by lengthened stay ad return visits.

OBJECTIVES •Optimizing existing site potential •Optimizing energy use •Using green energy. The location, orientation, and landscaping of a built up affect the local ecosystems, transportation methods, and energy use.

REQUIREMENTS •Convention hall • Multipurpose hall • Office complex & Business Centre • Premier Cultural and Entertainment Centre • Residences • Restaurants • Health Clubs • Visual Art Gallery and library • Shopping – Traditional arts and crafts • Film Clubs

LIBRARY STUDY

A… OFFICIAL AREA ANALYSIS • • • • •

FLOOR AREA REQUIREMENT FURNITURE REQUIREMENT PRIVATE OFFICES MULTIPLE WORKSTATION RECEPTION AREA

•

CONFERENCE HALL

• • • •

INTRODUCTION DIFFERENT FUNITURE OF CONFERENCE HALL DIFF. TYPES OF ARRANGEMENT LIGHTING CONSIDERATION

FLOOR SPACE REQUIREMENT i) Office area requirement divided into two parts ; • public space is calculated as (individual space + no. of people) + circulation space (generally 15%) • Non public space (e.g. machine room, equipment room depending upon equipment size) + circulation space ii) The space requirement of employees depend upon various factors like type of work, use of equipments & degree of privacy no of visitors etc. iii) Calculation of space requirement for workstation is as follows work room, min 8.0m2 - 10m2 of floor area free circulation space ,min 1.5 m2 per employee, but not less than 1m. iv) The floor to ceiling height according to floor area as follows up to 50 m2 over 50 m2 over 100 m2 over 250 up to 2000 m2

2.50m 2.75m 3.00m 3.75m

FURNITURE REQUIREMENT Proper furniture arrangement enhances the functionality and beauty of office space. The suitability of furniture is influenced by flexibility, durability and adjustability. The space requirement for seating , standing is used to calculate min. clearance between individual and desk ( preferably1m)

Chair types are often choose according to job titles and the tasks individual is to perform . Various considerations are to be carefully reviewed in order to select a chair i .e ., seat height, adjustability, back and arm support, firmness, etc ..

Space required for easy movement of chair shown below

Space occupied in the arrangement of table and chair shown in above picture.

SPACE ANALYSIS FOR VARIOUS OFFICE SPACES • • • •

PRIVATE OFFICES GENERAL OFFICE AND MULTIPLE WORKSTATION RECEPTION AREA CONFERENCE HALLS

PRIVATE OFFICE ANALYSIS – • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The design of the private office requires a Knowledge of the basic dimensional requirements and clearances of the executive workstation and, where applicable, of visitor seating Accommodations Various space areas of private offices are office employee secretary manager director assistant vice president vice president

4.5 m2 6.7 m2 9.3 m2 13.4 m2 18.5 m2 28.0 m2

14

GENERAL OFFICE AND MULTIPLE WORKSTATION •

The design of the general office, like the design of the private office, requires a knowledge of the basic dimensional requirements and clearances of the workstation and, where applicable, of the visitor seating to be accommodated.

Minimum space of work zone is 3.3m2

•

The multiple requires understanding the anthropometric considerations for the planning and design of the general office . The work task zone must be large enough to accommodate the paperwork, equipment, and other accessories that support the user. In no case should this distance be less than the 30 in, or 76 .2 cm, needed to provide adequate space for the chair clearance zone . The visitor seating zone, ranging in depth from 30 to 42 in, or 76 .2 to 106 .7 cm, requires the designer to accommodate both the buttock-knee and buttock-toe length body dimensions of the larger user.

RECEPTION AREA Proper design of the reception area is critical in communicating an organization's desired corporate image. Reception spaces are both the first and last areas with which the visitor interacts and, accordingly, have considerable visual impact in communicating that image.

The reception space look attractive, but it must function properly as well The two most important planning elements in this regard are the visitor's seating area and the receptionist's workstation or Desk .

CONFERENCE HALL • • •

Conference hall is important part of office which is required to conduct meetings. Conference hall consist of different shapes of tables , arrangements and area according to the numbers of persons to be seated. Consideration must be given to clearances and circulation around the larger conference table, as indicated

ROUND TABLE

RECTANGULAR/ BOAT TABLE

OVAL

U SHAPED

Reflects equality, encourages interaction, and promote visual communication Promote communication b/w The group head and the team Member allow free movement Promote communication b/w The group head and the team Member allow free movement Reflect equality, encourages Interaction b/w participant, allow Free movement, so the team Head can interact with member at an individual member.

Problem solving Decision Making ,executive meeting Decision Making ,executive meeting presentations

DIFFERENT TYPES OF ARRANGEMENTS IN CONFERENCE HALL

LIGHTING OF CONFERENCE HALL Accent lighting CONFERENCE HALL REQUIRE 300 LUX ( QT, A, TC) T Tubular TC Compact tubes QT Halogen lamp

B… CULTURAL AREA ANALYSIS…… • •

AUDITORIUM EXHIBITION AREA

AUDITORIUM • • • •

DESIGN CONSIDERATION DIFFERENT FORMS OF AUDITORIUM LIGHTING CONSIDERATION ACOUSTICAL CRITERIA

AUDITORIUM An auditorium is important area for performing art the aim is to serve the audiences. Design Considerations • Layout per applicable building and life safety codes, regulations, and ordinances . • Allow sufficient distance between aisles for desired quantity and size of chairs plus end space. • Space rows to allow for proper seat to back clear space.. • Allow 1" minimum clearance from either side or rear of chair to any adjacent side wall, end walls, etc. • Provide adequate sightlines for either sloping or stepped (riser) floor configurations. • Seating area should be free of obstructions . • To allow for sufficient aisle illumination : Aisle lights are generally located in the end panel standards at least every other row. Locate aisle light junction box 6" from the standard . • Provide adequate floor or riser materials for sound anchorage. Seating capacity – The maximum capacity depend upon the format selected and limitation by the production. other factor that influence are levels, slightness acoustic circulation etc. Size of auditorium – An area of at least 0.5 m2 per spectator is applied. this is derived from seat width x row spacing of at least .45m2 per seat + additional space 0.05m2 per seat. Length of row – A maximum of 16 seats per aisle.25 seat is permissible in aisle if one side exit door of 1m width is provided.

Proportion of auditorium – These are obtained by the spectator perception and good viewing angle. a) Good view without head movement, but slight eye movement of about 30 b) Good view with slight head movement and slight eye movement approx. 60 c) Maximum perception angle without head movement. is about 110.

Exit ,escape routes – 1m wide per 150 persons (min 0.8m) Seat width – Min. width is .45m to .6m

Angle A: Shifting position to look between heads in row immediately in front of spectator and over all other heads. Angle 8: Shifting position to look between heads of two rows immediately in front of spectators and over all other heads.

RULE of THUMB for SEATING AREA : Allow 0.5m2 per Seat, including Aisles and Cross-over. This is sufficiently accurate for preliminary planning.

ACOUSTICAL TREATEMENT The minimum standard of sound reduction likely to be required in an auditorium in a city to protect it against external noise is of the order of 65 dB. This reduction should be provided on all sides, but it would be reasonable to make the roof insulation 5-10 dB less provided the building is not unduly exposed to noise from aircraft in-flight. Surrounding the auditorium with ancillary rooms and foyers is an obvious and invaluable planning method of obtain the required insulation against outdoor noise. The insulation of the internal walls should be adequate to protect the auditorium from these noise sources and the insulation should not be by-passed by openings, doorways, etc. The adequate absorbing surfaces should be provided in the hall to control the reverberation. Such areas include rear walls, balcony parapet, concave surfaces etc. Porous material are used for absorbing the sound .such materials are quilts, wool, gypsum board etc.

EXHIBITION AREA • • • • • • •

Art galleries/exhibition area are used for collecting and displaying of various forms of material evidence. Nowadays they are considered as a „cultural centre'. The normal human angle of vision starts 27˚ up from eye level. For the standing viewer this means that well lit pictures should be hung 10m away with the top not more than 4.9m above the eye level and the bottom about 70 cm below. It is necessary to allow 3.5m2 hanging surface per picture, 6-10m2 ground surface per sculpture and 1m2 cabinet space. Favored viewing space is between 30 to 60 up measured from the point in the middle of the floor. Sill height of 2.13 m for pictures and a viewing range of 3.0 – 3.65 m for sculpture.

C…RESIDENTIAL AREA ANALYSIS…….. GUEST ROOMS Ideally, the recommended minimum bedroom size should be 10'0"x 12"0" exclusive of closets, Every room shall have layout in such a way that it gives 2 ft or 2‟6” space Around bed. FURNITURE DIMENSION

GUESTROOM LAYOUTS

D… RECREATIONAL AREA ANALYSIS…….. • • •

RESTAURANT BAR GYMNASIUM

RESTAURANT

• • •

DESIGN CONSIDERATION FURNITURE REQUIREMENT ANTHROPODEMIC DIMENSION

RESTAURANT The basic components of any restaurant interior are the chair and the table. Depending upon restaurant type, menu, service, 'We setting, furniture selection, and degree intimacy required, table size and overall air space requirements can, and should, nary greatly. To eat comfortably one person require a table area of around 2‟0” wide and 1‟4” deep. This provide sufficient clearance space for adjacent dinner. Round table or table for six or eight people diameter 0f 3‟0” – 4‟0” are ideal for 4 persons and can also take one or more dinners. The best utilization of space can often be arrived at through the use of templates or scaled models . Diagonal arrangement of square tables utilizes space better then square arrangement and yields a more trouble free traffic lone

ABOUT 10% - 15% OF KITCHEN AREA IS RESERVED AREA OFFICE AND STAFF ROOMS

TABLE Square Feet per Seat Used for Type of operation Square foot per seat Cafeteria, commercial table service . . . . . . . . . . Counter service . . . . . . . . . . Table service, hotel, club restaurant . . . . . . . . . . . Table service, minimum eating . . . . . . . . . Banquet, minimum . . . . . . . .

16-18 12-15 18-20 15-18 11-14 10-11

FURNITURE DIMENSION

SEATING ARRANGEMENT FOR 2

SEATING ARRANGEMENT FOR 4

ANTHROPOMEDIC DIMENSION

BARS •

The distance between bar and back bar should allow adequate workspace . A minimum of 36 in, or 90 cm, should provide space for one bartender to serve and another to circulate behind . A one-bartender operation would require a 30-in, or 75-cm, clearance .

•

A 12-in, or 30-cm wide stool on 24-in, or 61-cm, centers, which is quite common, will allow only less than 5 percent of male users access to the stool without disturbing the next patron, while a 30-in, or 75cm, spacing will accommodate 95 percent of the users .

ANTHROPOMEDIC DIMENSION

SEATING ARRANGEMENT IN BAR

GYMNASIUM •

• • • • •

Gymnasium is basically fitness area to carry out exercise and other physical activity like aerobics etc. it consist of various kinds of equipments arranged in the room for exercise purpose. Besides these it requires consultant office changing rooms, locker shower area etc. For 40-45 users ,room size at least 200m2 is needed. Clear height is 3.0m For an optimum double row arrangement of machines, the room at least 6m wide. To allow clear supervision the room should be at least 15m length or more. The minimum size for 12 user should be 40m2.

PARKING ANALYSIS. Four level basement parking is allowed. In which 15% is open or surface parking and 85% is covered parking. Max. floor height is 4.5 m. Surface parking Basement parking Dimension of vehicle Car 5.0m x 2.5m Two wheeler 2.5m x 0.5m Turning radius Inner radius 3.5m Outer radius 5.0m

SURFACE PARKING- (15% of total) A major consideration in the design of any parking area is simplicity . The three basic dimensions of any parking layout are: (1) the length and width of car stalls, (2) the width of aisles, and (3) the angle between car stall and aisle. Aisle width is related to stall width and angle of stalls. Width of aisle – 24‟ for 90˚ parking 13‟ for 45˚ parking

90 parking

45 parking

BASEMENT PARKING- (85% of total)

Ramp Slopes The maximum ramp slope should be 20 percent. For slopes over 10 percent, a transition at least 8 ft long should be provided at each end of the ramp at one half the slope of the ramp itself . Ramps may be straight, curved, or a combination

.

Ramp Width and Radii For one-way straight ramps, minimum width is 12 ft (3 .66 m); and for two-way straight ramps, where opposing traffic flows are not separated, 22 ft (6 .71 m) is the recommended minimum width. Where a barrier is used between lanes to separate traffic flows, each lane should be at least 12 ft (3 .66 m) wide for tangent lengths. Circular ramp lanes generally should be 14-18 ft (4 .3-5 .5 m) wide

MINIMUM NUMBER OF PLUMBING FIXTURES REQUIRED IN DIFFERENT OCCUPANCIES TYPE OF OCCUPA NCY

BUILDIN G INCLUDI NG AUDITORI UM ,EXHIBITI ON AREA

BUILDIN G INCLUDI NG OFFICE, ADMINST RATION

WATER CLOSET

No of of Person fixture

No

eh sex 1-100 1 101-200 2 201-300 3 301-400 4 Over 400 ,add I fixture for each sex for additional 200 persons No of of Person fixture

No

eh sex 1-15 1 16-35 2 36-55 3 56-80 4 81-11 0 5 111-150 6 ,add I fixture for 40 persons

URINAL

LAVORTORY

DRINKI NG FOUNT AIN

Urinal may be provided in toilet room in lieu of WC but not more than half of the required no. of closet

No of of Person

one for 100 persons

Urinal may be provided in toilet room in lieu of WC but not more than half of the required no. of closet

No of of Person

No fixture

1-200 1 201-400 2 401-750 3 Over 750 ,add I fixture for additional 500 persons

No fixture

1-20 1 21-40 2 41-60 3 61-90 4 91-125 5 ,add I fixture for additional 45 persons

one for 75 persons

SPECIAL SERVICES….. Various services in the building which improves the efficiency of building these area analyzed according to the NBC standards a) Fire fighting b) Vertical transportation FIRE FIGHTING According to NBC this building comes under GROUP D ASSEMBLY BUILDINGS These shall include any building or part of a building, where groups of people congregate or gather for amusement, recreation, social, for example, theatres, motion, assembly halls, auditoria, exhibition halls, museums, gymnasiums, restaurants, places, club rooms, and terminals of air, surface and marine public transportation services, recreation and stadium, etc. Up 10 -15 m in Height Above I5 m in height but not exceeding 24 m.

up to 24 m

Nil One wet riser-cumdown comer per liters I 000 m‟ floor area. The riser shall be fully charged with adequate pressure at all times. and shall be automatic in operation.

Nil 20000 ltr tank

- 100 mm with single / twin hydrant outlet and hose reel on each floor.

Details of Fire Detection/ Occupancy extinguishing System

a) Stage b) Auditoria c) Corridor

Automatic sprinkler Automatic fire alarm system Automatic fire alarm

STAIRS Standard according to NBC for this type of building MINIMUM WIDTH Minimum width of staircase for public building shall be 1.5m . MINIMUM TREAD – The minimum width of tread for other buildings shall be 30 cm. MAXIMUM RISER – The maximum riser for this buildings shall be 15cm and these shall be limited to 15 per flight.

LIFTS/ ELEVATORS Location of lift Normally best way to locate the lift is to group them together. According to fire regulation at every 30 m core should be provided. Grouping of lift a group of elevators should be designed in a manner so that they Are located closely to minimize the walking distances. The lobby width is twice of car depth when elevators are placed Opposite each other.

PROVISION FOR PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED Every building should be designed in such a way that it should have provision for physically handicapped . Various provision includes – • ramp for easy accessibility of wheelchair • toilets for physically handicapped. • lift of proper size to have space for wheelchair. RAMP A ramp is defined as a sloping walkway which is attached to a building as a means of moving from one floor elevation to another without encountering any obstruction. • at least 4 ft wide . • Ramp slopes must not be greater than 8.33 percent (1 inch in 12). If a ramp slopes 5 % (1 inch in 20) or less, and there is no drop-off, then no handrail will be required . If ramp slope is greater than 5 percent, and there is no drop-off, then one handrail will be required Ramps shall have at least a 5'-0" straight level surface at the bottom to allow stopping distance for wheelchairs.

Ramps shall have a 3'-0“ long intermediate level platform at 30'-0“ intervals for rest and safety ..

WHEELCHAIR DIMENSIONS

TOILET STALL A 5' x 5' stall is usable by most people and has the following requirements. 1 . Stall must be 5 x 5 ft 2 . W.C . center line is 1 ft 6 in from side wall 3 . 32 in door diagonally opposite W.C . 4 . Handrail extends 1 ft 6 in in front of W.C . 1'/2 in O.D ., 1 t/2 in from wall,13 in above seat 5 . Standard partition toe clearance

LIFT FOR PHSICALLY HANDICAPPED .

SUSTAINIBILITY IN BUILDING……….. Architects can achieve energy efficiency in the buildings they design by studying the macro-and micro-climate of the site, applying bioclimatic architectural principles to combat the adverse conditions, and taking advantage of the desirable conditions. Some common design elements that directly Nor indirectly affects thermal comfort conditions and thereby the energy consumption in a building are

(a) landscaping, (b) ratio of built form to open spaces, (c) location of water bodies, (d) orientation, (e) platform, and (f) building envelope and fenestration

VARIOUS CONSIDERATION…. Various consideration kept in mind for designing energy efficient Building arei)

Building should be designed and orient according to solar path and wind direction. ii) Maximum glazing on north. While recessed windows or shading devices on east or west side of building. iii) Provide soft landscape around building and avoid high reflective road. The external open spaces grass pavers and plants around the perimeter of the building to reduce glare inside. iv) Central ,open spaces landscape courtyard that will contribute towards keeping the building cool during the summer months. v) Thick vegetation around the building forms good buffer and help to keep the surrounding shaded and cool the hot winds. vi) Light colored surface finish should be used. vii) Use of renewable resources in the form solar panels, solar heaters to minimize load to non renewable resources. viii) Terrace garden or use of creepers on the roof to have insulate property and minimize the heat gain.

MATERIAL AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION….,,, CONSTRUCTION METHOD Structure is designed as a RCC framed structure with vertical column and beams. The selection of material according to the type of construction and local conditions and availability.

MATERIALS ….. A) B) C) D)

BASIC MATERIAL i.e. Brick , Concrete blocks and Stone. STEEL For reinforcements. AESTHETICAL MATERIAL i.e. wood, and glass. ACOUSTICAL MATERIAL i.e. Gypsum board, plaster of Paris

Structural Framework (beam, column and slab) are made up of RCC Brick is used as infill material for making walls. Curtain wall or glazed wall is used in some part of structure mainly in North side to admit day lighting in the interior . Wood is used in interior for paneling and false ceiling. Acoustical material like gypsum board ,POP etc used in conference Rooms ,and auditorium to prevent entry of noise in the building. Tiles used for flooring in the building .and dado walls in washrooms.

PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL USED •

Basic Material used for construction MATERIAL

FIRE RATING

SOIL AND

ACOUSTIC

REMAKS

DAMAGE

•

•

BRICK WALL

Incombustible one hour rating

good

Very good transmission loss 45 db

Maintenance low ,good looking but poor reflection

CONCRETE BLOCK

Incombustible one hour rating

good

Good transmission loss 40db

inexpensive, attractive ,no flexibility

TILE CLADDING ON WALL

Incombustible less than one hour

Very good

Good transmission loss 35 db

Used in corridor toilets, no flexibility

Material used for flooring MATERIA L

WEAR RESISTANCE

CLEANNING & MAINTAINNA NCE

RESILENC E

REMARK S

CERAMIC TILE

good

Very good ,clean easily ,low maintenance

Very hard

Used in toilet ,office, corridor

Material used for Acoustics ACOSTICAL MATERIAL

PROPERTIES

GYPSUM BOARD 600 X 600

Lightweight flexible, fire and moisture resistance, economical, soundproof tough

PLASTER OF PARIS

Smooth, uniform finish, designed acc. to desire ,easy to construct and maintain

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE BUILDING

……

Buildings, as they are designed and used today, contribute to serious environmental problems because of excessive consumption of energy and other natural resources.

Energy efficiency can be achieved in the buildings by Studying and designing the macro-and micro-climate of the site, applying bioclimatic architectural principles to combat the adverse conditions, and taking advantage of the desirable conditions. (a) landscaping, (b) courtyard, (c) location of water bodies, (d) orientation, (e) building envelope and fenestration. Landscaping Landscaping is an important element in altering the microclimate of a place. Proper landscaping reduces direct sun from striking and heating up of building surfaces. Landscaping creates different airflow patterns and can be used to direct or divert the wind advantageously by causing a pressure difference. Additionally, the shade created by trees and the effect of grass and shrubs reduce air temperatures adjoining the building and provide evaporative cooling. Courtyard effects Courtyard plays important role in energy efficient buildings as . at night, the warm roof surfaces get cooled by convection and radiation If the roof surfaces are sloped towards the internal courtyard, the cooled air sinks into the court and enters the living space through low-level openings, gets warmed up, and leaves through higher-level openings. However, care should be taken that the courtyard does not receive intense solar radiation, which would lead to conduction and radiation heat gains into the building. Intensive solar radiation in the courtyard also produces immense glare.

Orientation The building should be so positioned on the site that takes it advantage of prevailing winds. The prevailing wind direction is from the south/ southeast during summer East and west openings need much bigger overhangs, which may not be possible and can be achieved by porticos, or verandas, on these sides or by specially designed louvers to suit the building requirements. Materials and construction techniques Choice of building materials is very imp in reducing the energy content of buildings. Reducing the strain on conventional energy can be achieved by low-energy bldg With low-energy materials, efficient structure Design reducing the quantities of high-energy building materials and transportation energy. Depending on the climatic needs proper roof treatment is very essential. Finishes The external finish of a surface determines the amount of heat absorbed or reflected by it. For example, a smooth and light color surface reflects more light and heat in comparison to a dark color surface. Lighter color surfaces have higher emissive and should be ideally used for warm climate. Hence there is need to adopt various energy efficient techniques in the building •

Use renewable energy systems (solar photovoltaic systems/ solar water heating systems) to meet a part of building load

•

Use low energy materials and methods of construction and reduce transportation energy An architect also should aim at efficient structural design, reduction of use of high energy building material (glass, steel etc.) and transportation energy and use of low energy buildings materials .

CASE STUDIES

INDIA HABITAT CENTRE,

NEW DELHI

INTRODUCTION …… Location

- Lodhi road ,Delhi

Area

-

Architect

- Joseph Allen Stein

Year of construction

• • • •

9 acres

1988-93

The India Habitat Centre, was conceived to be a catalyst relationship between individual and institution in complete harmony with the habitat. The habitat centre is operated by Old World Hospitality Pvt .Ltd. It consist of 37 institution committed to habitat and environment along with 58 guest rooms,20 function rooms ,4 performance venue one stein auditorium, restaurants and fitness club. Various institution includes TERI ,HUDCO, MCD ,COA, NID, Centre of building research ,renewable energy development etc.

IDEAL LOCATION • • • • •

India gate - 04 km Cannaught place - 07 km New Delhi railway - 08 km station Old Delhi railway - 12 km Station International - 18 km Airport Domestic Airport - 15 km

SITE ANALYSIS • • • •

….. IHC spread over nine acre amidst beautifully landscaped environs at the capital‟s finest location. IHC is accessed from three sides , major entrance from Lodhi road n the north of the complex. The other two entrance are from Max Mueller Road in the west and from Vardhman towards the southern side of IHC. IHC is entered majorly from three gates.

GATE 1 Use core 4A From basement For ; RESTAURENT ROOMS FITNESS CENTRE AMPHITHEATER

GATE 2

GATE 3

use core 5A/5B 7A from basement for:

use core 4A from basement parking for:

ART GALLERY EMERALD GARDEN LAWNS

GATE 3A used for staff entry

CONVENTION CENTRE CULTURAL VENUES REMAINING OUTDOOR AREAS

CONNECTIVITY OF VARIOUS AREAS …….. GATE 1

GATE 3A

RESTAURENTS, ROOMS FITNESS CENTRE

CONVENTION CENTRE, CULTURAL VENUE

GATE 3 VISUAL ART GALLERY LAWNS

GATE 2

RESTAURENTS, ROOMS

ARIAL VIEW Showing the solid and void combination

CONVENTION CENTRE,

VISUAL ART GALLERY

ART

GALLERY …… LAYOUT PLAN OF VISUAL ART GALLERY

INTERIOR OF ART GALLERY

ENTRY TO ART CENTRE FROM GATE 2

RESTAURENT AND ROOMS …… INTERIOR OF DECK RESTAURENT

INTERIOR OF BAR IN RESTAURENT

LAYOUT PLAN

INTERIOR OF GUEST ROOM

SPACE ANALYSIS …… AUDITORIUM BLOCK S . N o .

Area sq. ft.

Theat re Style

Class Room

Board Room

U Shape

BUFFE T SEATI NG

Area

Level

1

AUDITORIU M

GROUN D FLOOR

6200

537

-

-

-

-

2

MAHAGONY HALL

FIRST FLOOR

470

25

12

16

16

24

3

KADAMBA (K) HALL

BASEME NT

620

30

24

16

24

24

4

RUDRAKSH A (R) HALL

BASEME NT

620

30

24

16

24

24

5

AMALTAS (A) HALL

BASEME NT

1760

110

40

30

40

55

6

THEATER (K + R + A)

BASEME NT

3000

225

70

-

-

120

FUNCTION BLOCK S . N o .

Area

Level

Area sq. ft.

Theatr e Style

Class Room

Board Room

U Shape

BUFFET SEATIN G

1

MANGOLIA HALL

BASEME NT

1540

120

50

34

40

60

2

SILVER OAK 1 HALL

GROUND FLOOR

1200

100

40

26

34

60

3

SILVER OAK 11 HALL

GROUND FLOOR

840

60

30

26

28

40

4

SILVER OAK I+I+ FOYERI

GROUND FLOOR

3300

220

90

-

70

150

5

CHINAR HALL

FIRST FLOOR

320

18

12

16

12

16

6

WILLOW HALL

FIRST FLOOR

570

44

26

24

24

35

7

GULMOHAR

FIRST FLOOR

2870

-

113

-

-

-

8

JACARAND AI

FIRST FLOOR

1290

120

45

38

40

60

9

JACARAND A II

FIRST FLOOR

1290

120

45

38

40

60

OUTDOOR VENUE

S.No.

Area

Area sq. ft.

Level

1

AMPHITHEATER

GROUND FLOOR

2650

2

MARGOSA LAWN

GROUND FLOOR

9240

3

SILK COTTON LAWN

GROUND FLOOR

4000

4

THE HUB

GROUND

34460

5

EMERALD GARDEN

GROUND

2800

6

CASCADE COURT

GROUND

12580

DOCUMENTATION CENTRE WORRKSTATION 6

S.No.

Area

Area sq. ft.

Level

1

CABIN ONE

90

3

2

CABIN TWO

90

4

3

CABIN THREE

140

5

4

CABIN FOUR

73

3

5

CABIN FIVE

73

3

6

CABIN SIX

72

5

AUDITORIUM Auditorium at IHC is well equipped and accommodate 537 peoples (407 GROUND FLOOR + 130 BALCONY) The hall is ideal for large conferences ,seminars, presentation theater and cultural performances of all kinds. Stage 18’6” x 9’6” at 2’6” ht Green room 10’0” x 6’0” Area of auditorium - 6200 sqft Features of auditorium at IHC • Centralized air conditioned • Wheelchair access • 2 green rooms • Fire extinguish system • False ceiling and carpeted floor and walls for acoustical purpose ACOUSTICAL TREATEMENT

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

SEATING LAYOUT

FALSE CEILING

CARPETED WALL

FIRE EXTINGUISHER NEAR THE EXIT

SPRINKLER SYSTEM IN BACKSTAGE

THE THEATER

GULMOHAR

SILVER OAK

S.NO

HALL

AREA SQ FT

IDEAL FOR

1

THE THEATER (KADAMBA + RUDRAKSHA + AMALTAS)

3000

WORKSHOPS, BOARD MEETING THEATER CULTURAL PERFORMANCES MEETING ROOMS

2

GULMOHAR

2870

FIXED SEATING. SEMINARS CORPORATE PRESENTATIONS PRESS INTERACTION PRODUCT LAUNCH

3

CHINAR HALL

320

CONFERENCE BOARD MEETING WORKSHOP SEMINAR PARTIES

4

WILLOW

570

CONFERENCE BOARD MEETING WORKSHOP SEMINAR PARTIES

5

SILVER OAK I

1200

EXHIBITION CONFERENCE SEMINAR BANQUET PARTIES

SILVER OAK II

840

JACARANDA I

1290`

JACARANDA II

1290

7

CASUARINA

1520

FIXED SEATING .SEMINARS CORPORATE PRESENTATION ,PRODUCT LAUNNCH

8

MAGNOLIA

1540

FREE SEATING CONFERENCE PARTY

6

JACRANDA I & II

MAGNOLIA

CORPORATE MEETING SEMINAR WORKSHOP PARTIES

CHINAR & WILLOW

Party arrangement in silver oak I

I N T E R I O R

S E A T I N G

Signage used A R R A N G E M E N T S

Seating arrangement in magnolia

I N Entry to magnolia

D I F F E R E N T H A L L S

Seating arrangement in Kadamba

GUEST ROOMS IHC guest house is located at the northern side of south block . Each floor consist of 12 rooms with a service core and pantry . In total 44 are double rooms , 7 special bedrooms and 5 suites and Private dinning room and public restaurant on 4th and 5th floor. Total rooms - 57 Area - 25 sqm iHC consist of fitness facilities like spa with sauna , Jacuzzi, steam room and swimming pool on roof top

OFFICE AREA The office spaces covers over area of 40000 sqm and major offices Are located in area adjacent to main street. Each office block consist of 6 storey and 4th and 5th floor are Projected giving good view to landscape courtyards. Floor to floor ht is 3.75 m. Each office block consist of service core. It consist pair of a lift with a lift lobby ,staircase and restrooms.

VISUAL ART GALLERY Occupies 4800 sqft.

RESTAURANT Restaurant are divided according to For IHC members Non IHC members 4% OF Total area and occupies 1500 sqm

LIBRARY AND DOCUMENTATION CENTRE Consist of 6 workstations Occupies 480 sqft

SPECIAL SERVICES …… Various services are – • Air conditioning system • Fire fighting system • Handicap provision • Rain water harvesting • Storm water disposal system • Parking system AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM • Centralized air conditioning system throughout the complex • 3000 tones capacity. • Total 150 AHU in the building at different locations. • It consist of 5 chillers – four with 6oo capacity and one with 300 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM • Centralized fire detection system of siemens with different smoke and heat detection and all indication comes at centralized panel for fire detection. • Central jockey ad hydrant pressured water with 100 hp pumps • 15 hydrants around the building. • Provision of hose pipe, fire extinguishers at every core area. • 4 lac capacity tank at lower basement. Fire fighting system

Automatic sprinkler system

HANDICAP PROVISION • Provision of handicap restroom s at every floors. • Special provision for handicap parking. • Lift are large to carry wheelchair within. • Ramp at entry of convention centre.

Handicapped toilet

Ramp provision

RAIN WATER HARVESTING PROVISION • Rain water is channelised around the building. Rain water harvesting system on the site. RAIN WATER DISPOSAL • Storm water inlets are provided on the site At regular interval to drain out rainwater. PARKING SYSTEM• Total 1000 covered car parking and 2000 two wheeler parking . • 50 surface parking. • Two lower basement for parking.

MATERIAL AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION…….. The exterior surface is made up of exposed brickwork with sleek window slit facing the exterior façade of the building •

The walls are made up of 170 thk brick.

•

Kota stone polished and rough spilt, The interior façade facing the courtyard is cladded with stone ,giving individual identity to each space.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION-…. IHC is made up of RCC framed structure. Column grid used in parking is 16‟ x 16‟ and 31‟ x 16‟. Basement are made up of Reinforce concrete cellar slab under tension piles Reinforce concrete retaining walls. Roof of auditorium is made-up of steel trussed structure with wood wool Sheet and concrete screen roofing. Steel truss system used to cover large span courtyard with sunscreen Shading device. Brick jails is also used in building over on the terrace of convention block.

The protruding top floor with different cladding and connecting the entire core and special feature to the building

CLIMATIC CONSIDERATION………. Delhi lies in composite climate .various elements used in the Building to reduce the heat entering into the building are – Shading devices Courtyard measuring 30 x 60 m2 are covered by large sunscreen canopies made up of aluminum panels suspended From a space frame structure. Landscape features Every courtyard is beautified with landscape .Water body and plant Increases th aesthetics of the building. 1 Blue sunshade pergola over courtyard for cool effect. 2 Small openings 3 Projection over windows 4 Thick wall help in insulation 5 Courtyard planning The sunscreen protect the courtyard from the sun glare. Reduction of Heat gains achieved by openings on external façade. ENERGY EFFICIENCY ……… • The building stands out in energy efficiency. • The interesting blue sunshade provided between the two buildings in court helps to maintain the environment and gives a cool effect. • The trees also helps to maintain the environment and gives the natural effect. Trees are planted at very part of the court. • Fountains makes the environment more cooler & gives a effect of lightness. • Allen stein planned the building • in such a way so that the the • maximum part of the floor enjoys sunlight. • Allen stein also planned to give sunlight in • basement through very interesting ways.

INDIA INTENATIONAL CENTRE,

NEW DELHI

INTRODUCTION …… Location

-

Lodhi road ,Delhi

Area

-

4.6 acres

Architect

- Joseph Allen Stein

Year of construction

•

1959-62

The India International Centre, at lodhi road has been conceived to provide facilities for variety of artistic and scholarly activities, conferences and symposia organized by national and international groups .in addition to this it has a full fledged multi-cuisine restaurants ,amphitheater guest facilities etc

PLANNING …… Different parts of India international centre are • Main building • Annexe • Courtyard and gardens a) MAIN BUILDING BLOCK• Consist of rectangular block with an auditorium at the eastern end and a conference ,restaurant ,lounge bridged by colonnade rectangular structure containing the kitchen. • Northern part of the block contains lounge cum restaurant in the surrounding water body and the lodhi garden the background. • Library occupies 5000sqft for 50 peoples. • Fully glazed walls on one side gives good view Central courtyard is located within the two blocks and the entrance portico. it provide the required open space for seating area and entry to auditorium and library.

b) ANNEXE BLOCK – • It is four storey structure contains conference hall of 55 persons capacity ,lecture halls , art gallery and guest rooms. c) COURTYARD AND GARDENS – • The IIC is conceived as a design of interrelated interiors and shaped spaces ,courtyards and gardens. • The different gardens perform different functions for eg – the rear lawn used for parties etc. • Garden 1 - 1038 sqm • Garden 2 - 1153 sqm • Rock garden - 694 sqm SITE LAYOUT ; • The IIC is located in an area of 18600 sqm (4.6 acre) site at lodhi gardens. • Blocks are grouped around two great courts connected by portico and roof top verandah. • Access is from Max Muller Marg. • A service lane on the side provides a secondary entrance and parking space.

1 – OFFICE AREA

2 – AUDITORIUM

3 – WATER BODY

4

3 1

5 2

6

ARIAL VIEW

4 – RESIDENTIAL AREA

5 – ENTRANCE PORTICO

6 – PARKING AREA

SPACE ANALYSIS …… MAIN BUILDING BLOCK S.N o.

NO OF PERSONS

AREA (SQFT)

Area

QUUANTIT Y

1

AUDITORIUM

3360

240

1

2

COMMITTEE ROOM 1

-

35

1

3

COMMITTEE ROOM 2

-

25

1

4

CONFERENCE HALL 1

1022

50 +20

1

5

CONFERENCE HALL 2

1225

35 + 15

1

6

LIBRARY

5000

50

1

7

KITCHEN

4235

-

-

8

PD HALL

772

35 + 10

-

9

DINNIG HALL

1980

110+10

-

10

LOUNGE

1200

80 +10

-

11

BAR

522

40

-

12.

HOSTEL ROOMS Single room #1- #10 # 21 - # 30 Single rooms # 11 - # 19 # 31 - # 39 Double room # 53 - # 67 Double room # 40 Double room # 41 - # 52 Flat I Flat ii

173

-

19 rooms

205

-

19 rooms

175 522 405 541 541

-

15 rooms 1 room 12 rooms

13

GM FLAT # 68 -# 70

500

-

-

14

ROCK GARDEN

-

300/350

-

15

CENTRAL COURT

-

120

-

16

TERRACE PERGOOLA

-

55

-

ANNEXE BLOCK S.N o.

NO OF PERSONS

AREA (SQFT)

Area

QUUANTIT Y

1

CONFERENCE HALL

1153

55

-

2

LECTURE HALL

-

80

-

3

COMMIITTEE ROOM

513

16

-

4

ART GALLERY

1381

-

-

5

MEMBER LOUNGE

336

-

-

6

DINING HALL

1554

-

-

7

LOUNGE BAR

1221

-

-

8

KITCHEN

1426

-

-

9

GUEST ROOMS

245

-

16 ROOMS

10

EXECUTIVE ROOMS

732

-

1 SUIT

ANNEXE PLANS … 6

BASEMENT PLAN 8

7

1 - water treatment plant room 2 - underground tank 3 – Air conditioning plant 4 - D.G set room 5 - electrical panels 6 - lecture room(1086) 7 - display area 8 – art gallery

5

4 3 1 9

2

7 8

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1 - guest rooms 2 - foyer 3 – reception 4 - function garden 5 - conference display 6 - business centre 7 - conference area 8 – conference lobby 9 - sunken garden for party

6

5 4

2 1

1

1

3

4

FIRST FLOOR PLAN 1 - Guest room 2 - toilets 3 – kitchen 4 - restaurant

3

2 2

1 1

1

1

1

1 6

SECOND FLOOR PLAN 1 - guest rooms 2 - toilets 3 – AHU 4 - Pantry 5 - lounge 6 - lounge terrace

5

4

3 2 2 1

1 1

1

1

1

SPECIAL SERVICES …… Various services are – • Air conditioning system • Fire fighting system • Handicap provision • Rain water harvesting • Parking system

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM • Centralized air conditioning system throughout the complex FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM • hydrants around the building. • Provision of hose pipe, in the building. HANDICAPT PROVISION• IIC is low height structure. • Prosion of ramp in entrance of building • physically handicap parking PARKING PROVISION • Parking provision is not enough • in the building as only staff parking is allowed in campus. • adjoining service lane is used for public parking.

STRUCTURE:…….. •

•

The concrete frame is filled in with various types of cladding (local stone, pre-cast concrete panels), windows, and shading devices of various sizes, the particular quality of the site. · The final construction was highly economical, largely as a result of efficient construction and use of simple exposed material which requires no additional finishes. · This combination of simple material and careful detailing has allowed the building o age gracefully.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY ……. • • • • •

Solar shading devices are installed in the building to protect the building from solar radiation . Rain water harvesting system on the site. Landscaped courtyard and water body increases the efficiency and aesthetic of the site . Use of local building materials. Brick jali throughout the building for the entry of cool air.

1

1 2 3

2

BRICK JALI LANDSCAPPE COURTYARD WATER BODY

2

3

EPICENTRE,

GURGAON

INTRODUCTION …… Location

-

Sector 44 Gurgaon

Area

-

4 acres

Year of completion

• • • • •

2005

Epicenter in Gurgaon which brings to that part of the NCR an auditorium, an art gallery, an amphitheatre, a restaurant, conference & banquet rooms and a 45000 sq ft exhibition hall. The Epi centre is operated by Old World Hospitality Pvt .Ltd. It is located in the heart of the city and designed with modern infrastructural facilities. Epicenter is adjoins with apparel house in Gurgaon. The most remarkable feature of the building is parking courtyard all around the building.

IDEAL LOCATION • • • •

Delhi Iffco chowk NH8 Gurgaon centre

-

16 km 04 km 04 km 12 km

CONNECTIVITY OF VARIOUS AREAS ….. PARKIN COURTYARD

BLOCK B

P A R K I N G

BLOCK A

BLOCK C

STEEL PERGOLA GATE

BLOCK A It consist of office block , conference halls ,and multipurpose halls named as LYNX I AND LYNX II. BLOCK B I t consist of exhibition area on ground and first floor ,banquet hall ,halls ideal for meeting, seminars function and cultural events. BLOCK C It consist of auditorium, cafeteria, restaurant “THE DRIFT” , and the bar. All these blocks are connected with the courtyard in the centre which is also used for exhibitions

SPACE ANALYSIS S . N o .

……

AREA (SQFT)

Area

NO OF PERSONS

IDEAL FOR

1

EXHIBITION AREA

40,000

3000 40 STALLS FOR 9 SQM EACH

EXHIBITION ,SHOWS, EXPOS

2

HALL A (GROUND FLOOR)

15,720

700

CONFEREN CE,PARTIES

3

HALL B (FIRST FLOOR)

15,720

700

CONFEREN CE ,PARTIES, BOARD MEETINGS

4

HALL C (GROUND FLOOR)

11600

50

MEETINGS, SEMINARS, CULTURAL FUNCTIONS

5

LYNX I

1156

50

CONFEREN CE,PARTIES

6

LYNX II

320

20

BOARD ROOM,CON FERENCE

7

COURTYARD

5000

400

BANQUET, EXHIBITION

8

AMPHITHEATER

7800

250

CULTURAL SHOW,FAS HION SHOWS

9

DRIFT RESTAURANT

1700

70

KITTY PARTIES

SERVICES OF EPICENTRE …… • • • •

Parking of 450 cars. Centralized air Conditioning system throughout the building. IBM and fire detection facility in the building. Lifts and escalator in exhibition hall. SURFACE PARKING OF EPICENTRE Parking provision is done in the basement and all around the building

EXHIBITION AREA

COURTYARD AREA in the building is used as exhibition area in which temporary structures are constructed during any exhibition.

AMPHITHEATER AREA

BAR

RESTAURANT “ DRIFT” CAFETERIA It is designed in front of the auditorium and adjoin with the restaurant with seating capacity of 20 people and one snacks counter.

MATERIAL ……

STEEL PERGOLA ACP PANEL TOUGHENED GLASS

INFERENCES …… 

SITE ENTRY In Indian habitat centre , site is approached from three sides and fourth side has adjoining school. Site consist of four entrances as gate 1,gate 2, gate3 and gate 3a.Due to lots of entering points it leads to more security… In India International centre ,site consist of majorly tow entrances in which one is main entrance from lodhi road while other is small entry from slip road In Epicenter , site consist of one entrance for entry and exit..



PARKING In Indian Habitat Centre, parking is sufficient which allows 1000 car parking in basement and 150 VIP car parking on site. In India International Centre, parking is insufficient and only surface parking is there. no proper space itself in site for parking. In Epicenter ,parking is sufficient .two lower basement used for parking and sufficient car parking space at surface.



ENERGY EFFICIENCY SYSTEM In Indian habitat centre ,water harvesting plant, efficient sun roof and effluent treatment plant is there. besides this courtyard planning always leads to cool environment throughout the building. In India International center ,water body is used to provide microclimatic effect and local building material is used. Brick jai l is used throughout the building. In Epicenter, rain water harvesting is used.



MATERIAL USED Indian habitat centre , gives the impression of bold and impressive building due to its exterior façade. India International centre ,is low height structure and looks as it lost its identity Epicenter , is entirely made up of modern infrastructural facility and modern materials like ACP panel etc.

SITE ANALYSIS

POSITION OF THE SITE Location – Sector 68 Area – 4.92 acres The site is proposed keeping in view that it could get access from main sector road and gets distinct location from other commercial and business centers in the city center. SITE CONNECTIVITY The site is a corner plot of 4.9 acres is well connected to a major road of 40ft.

TOPOGRAPHY • The site is totally flat with no visible contours. • Mohali lies in the sub mountanious track with alluvial soil, as such • there is no need of taking special measures of soil condition. • The soil bearing capacity is 100 ton per sqcm. APPROACH • It is a corner plot of 40’wide road on two side. • 16 marla houses on rear side • MC-OFFICE building on one side.

FEATURES The site lies in IT park of mohali. The site is very rectangular in shape, flat in nature. The front of the site is towards south. Residences on the rear side of the site. The left side of the site is covered by municipal corporation building. No vegetation on the site CLIMATE Climate is very hot in summers and very cold in winters. Wind direction is from north west in summers and north east in winters.

AREA PROGRAMME

BLOCK

COMPONENTS

AREAS(sq.ft)

HOTEL

G+3

75200(built-up area)

Rooms Suites

280 x 66 625 x 9

Kitchen

120

Dinning hall

140

Shops

280 x 12

Laundry

100

G+4

40100(built-up area)

Restaurant

7736

Food court

7736

Games room

7736

Gym & Cardio

7736

Yoga & meditation

7736

G+8

58644(Built-up area)

Habitat info.

6516

Library

7200

Confrence hall

6516

Office

6516 x 6

RECREATION CENTRE

OFFICE

BLOCK

COMPONENTS

AREAS(sq.ft)

AUDITORIUM

G+2

13000(built-up area)

VISITOR CENTRE

G+2

25053(built-up area)

Exhibition hall

7786

Art gallery

10186

Film club

7081

Double basement

262456(built-up area)

Area /car

128

Area /2 wheeler

16

PARKING

DESIGN CRITERIA

ZONNING

CULTURAL CULTURAL AREA AREA

RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL AREA AREA

AUDITORIUM OFFICE AREA

GUEST ROOMS

EXHIBITION AREA

PRIVATE OFFICE

MULTIPLE WORKSTATION OFFICE

RECREATION AREA

CLUB

GYMNASIUM

RECEPTION ARE

RESTAURENT & BAR

CONFERENCE HALL

BANQUET HALL

MISCELLANEOUS ANALYSISPARKING (OPEN & COVERED)

N

MORNING SUN

S

EVENNING SUN

Building orientation is a significant design consideration, mainly with regard to solar radiation and wind. •

• • • •

•

With careful design, shading and deflecting devices can be incorporated to exclude the sun or redirect it into the building, just as wind can be diverted or directed to the extend desired. The building should be so positioned on the site that takes it advantage of prevailing winds. The prevailing wind direction is from the north/ north-west during summer East and west openings need much bigger overhangs, which may not be possible and can be achieved by porticos, or verandas, on these sides or by specially designed louvers to suit the building requirements. Planting deciduous trees on the southern side of a building is beneficial in a composite climate. Deciduous plants such as these trees shed leaves in winter, they allow the sun to heat the buildings in winter. Wind breaks are provided in the north and north-east to protect from the winter winds. Central open space or courtyard is most pleasant space because it exclude the winds and trap the sun. it may be covered with pergola or deciduous creepers.

CONCEPT •

Since the building is located in an I.T sector of mohali, it demands to fulfill all the newest design concepts and services to be incorporated.

•

The site is flat but very rectangular in shape, which makes it difficult to use the site in its best possible way. Keeping this in mind the complex has been designed with linkage of several buildings with diverse shapes and heights through out the site, giving an interesting skyline to the frontage of the site.

•

The back side of side consists of residences which are not disturbed by the tall buildings of the complex, instead it provides a view of the blend of open spaces with water bodies and green areas with the complex shapes of the structures, giving an urban eco friendly environment to the locality.

•

The arrangement of the buildings has been done in such a way that it provides with a central piazza with fountains and green area, this area is shaded with a tall building on the south cutting the hot sun of summers, giving a cool environment to the complex.

•

The orientation of the buildings could not be kept north-south due to less depth of the site, but this fault has been covered by using brisoliel (exterior louver shaped projections), letting in the north light and cutting the high altitude summer sun.

•

The overall concept of the design is that the building is a perfect blend of natural environment with urban environment, fulfilling the requirements of the present era, where there is less space and more of amenities to be provided.