Gummy Bear Business

IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP Lesson 1: Introduction to Gummy Bears and the Manufacturing Process (February 17th)

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Introductions • Norm Setting • History of Gummy Bears • Gummy Bear Activity • Manufacturing Overview •Closing Activity: Jeopardy



Introductions: Ms. Reid

CANADA DRAKE

JUSTIN BIEBER

TORONTO

MELANIE FIONA

Introductions: Ms. Reid COLLEGE

The University of Western Ontario

MIDDLE SCHOOL

HIGH SCHOOL

TIME

Introductions: What is Chemical Engineering?

ENGINEERING

is the application of math and science to design and build structures, machines, devices, materials, processes that safely realize improvements to the lives of people and society.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

is

a type of engineering that applies physics, math, and chemistry to provide practical solutions and make useful products at minimum cost in a safe and environmentally sustainable way.

Introductions: What

will I learn in this apprenticeship? In this apprenticeship, you will gain a deep understanding of the production process by learning how gummy bears are made.

You will also learn the importance of quality control and protecting the environment, while gaining exposure to careers in the chemical engineering field.

The 21st Century skills that will be the focus of our

apprenticeship are ORAL

TECHNOLOGY.

PRESENTATION and

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Introductions • Norm Setting • History of Gummy Bears • Gummy Bear Activity • Manufacturing Overview •Closing Activity: Jeopardy



Setting Norms Listen to What othersare “norms?”

Try your best

• Norms are a set of expectations about how we will act toward each other and Be respectful Have a willingness to a learn the things we will do to foster fun,and share inclusive learning environment Be friendly

Help others

Have fun!

Ask thoughtful questions

Build off each other’s ideas

Others?

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Introductions • Norm Setting • History of Gummy Bears • Gummy Bear Activity • Manufacturing Overview •Closing Activity: Jeopardy



History of Gummy Bears

1922 1981

Hans Riegel

$135 million

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Introductions • Norm Setting • History of Gummy Bears • Gummy Bear Activity • Manufacturing Overview •Closing Activity: Jeopardy



Let’s make Gummy Bears! Assignment: A Citizen Teacher has put in an order for a handful of gummy bear candies for her apprentices (15 minutes) •3 packages of gelatin

•2 tablespoons of flavored Jello packages •1 tablespoon of Kool-Aid

• 1/2 cup of ice water •Candy molds •1/4 cup of sugar

Let’s make Gummy Bears! Assignment: A Citizen Teacher has put in an order for a handful of gummy bear candies for her apprentices (15 minutes) STEP 1: Mix the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar in a cup STEP 2: SLOWLY add the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar to1/2 a cup of water STEP 3: Mix well in a bowl, not too fast, but not too slow STEP 4: Allow to stand until mixture looks slushy or watery STEP 5: Microwave the mixture on high for 1 minute and 15 seconds (Ms. Symes) STEP 6: Carefully fill the candy molds using a squeeze bottle STEP 7: Put the molds in the freezer (Ms. Symes) STEP 8: Remove from freezer, and remove the candy from the candy molds (Ms. Symes) STEP 9: Store them in Ziploc bags

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Introductions • Norm Setting • History of Gummy Bears • Gummy Bear Activity • Manufacturing Overview •Closing Activity: Jeopardy



Manufacturing Assignment: A supermarket chain has put in an order for 100,000 packages of gummy bear candies

MANUFACTURING is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale.

In industrial production, raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more complex products such as automobiles, or sold to wholesalers who in turn, sell them to retailers who then sell them to the end users, the consumers. The manufacturing sector is closely connected with engineering and industrial design.

Manufacturing Examples of manufactures

Others?

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Introductions • Norm Setting • History of Gummy Bears • Gummy Bear Activity • Manufacturing Overview •Closing Activity: Jeopardy



Jeopardy CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

GUMMY BEARS

MANUFACTURING

What is Chemical Engineering?

$200

Who invented the gummy bear and where is the inventor from?

$200

What is manufacturing?

Name one industry that focuses on Chemical Engineering

$400

Name one of the main gummy bear ingredients

$400

Name 3 companies that have a manufacturing facility

$600

What year was the gummy bear introduced in the United States?

Why is manufacturing important?

Where can someone study Chemical Engineering?

$600

$200 $400 $600

IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP Lesson 2: Let’s Get it Started! With Raw Materials (March 3rd)

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Review Norms • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Raw Materials Discussion

•Raw Materials Activity •Closing Activity: Did You Know?



Setting Norms Listen to Try your What are “norms?” others best • Norms are a set of expectations about Be Have a and how we will act toward each other respectful willingness to the things we will do to foster a fun, learn and share inclusive learning environment Be friendly Help others Have fun!

Build off each other’s ideas

Ask thoughtful questions Work hard

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Review Norms • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Raw Materials Discussion

•Raw Materials Activity •Closing Activity: Did You Know?



Jeopardy CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

GUMMY BEARS

MANUFACTURING

What is Chemical Engineering?

$200

Name two gummy bear ingredients

$200

What is manufacturing?

$400

What year was the gummy bear invented and where was it invented?

$400

Why is manufacturing important?

How is Chemistry related to gummy bears?

Do gummy bears contain beeswax? If so, what is it used for?

$600

Why are raw materials important in manufacturing?

Name one industry that focuses on Chemical Engineering

$600

$200 $400 $600

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Review Norms • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Raw Materials Discussion

•Raw Materials Activity •Closing Activity: Did You Know?



Raw Materials Discussion What does a gummy bear look like? What does a gummy bear feel like? What kind of taste does it have? Is it bitter? Sweet? Sour? What’s in a gummy bear?

Raw Materials Discussion 1.

3.

Chemists 2.

4.

Raw Materials Discussion 5.

6.

8. 7. 9.

Acids

Flavor

Raw Materials Discussion 1.

2.

liquid

4.

3.

vapor

5.

acid/base 7. o

6.

C

scale flow

liquid

mass

Raw Materials Discussion How can we indentify a person?

8. Physical Property is used to describes the physical state of a material Examples? 9. Chemical Property is used to characterize matter in reactions that change their identity Examples? Why are chemical and physical properties important?

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Review Norms • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Raw Materials Discussion

•Raw Materials Activity •Closing Activity: Did You Know?



Raw Materials Activity Assignment: You are sales representatives and are pitching your raw material to a gummy bear manufacturing company. You must convince the company that your product is the most important ingredient to making a gummy bear.

The team that sells its product the best wins a prize!

Raw Materials Activity

Team Texture: Gelatin

Team Taste: Sucrose & Citric Acid

Team Appearance: Red dye #40 & Beeswax

Raw Materials Activity Key Questions to address:

1. Why is my ingredient important in making gummy bears? 2. Where does my material come from? 3. What are two physical properties?

4. What is one chemical property? 5. What else can my product be used for?

Raw Materials Activity

Team Texture: Gelatin

Team Taste: Sucrose & Citric Acid

Team Appearance: Red dye #40 & Beeswax

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Review Norms • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Raw Materials Discussion

•Raw Materials Activity •Closing Activity: Did You Know?



Did You Know?! Lonnie Johnson

Super Soaker

Did You Know?! African American inventor of the "Super-Soaker" in 1988. It was first named the Power Drencher. It started a whole new era of water squirters. It was the first water blaster to incorporate air pressure into its design. The Super Soaker was the top selling toy in 1991 and 1992 in the United States. Johnson started his own engineering firm in 1989. He went to Tuskeegee University on a mathematics scholarship. As a child, he invented a go-kart with his brother, and in high school he built a robot out of scraps from a junk yard. The robot was named Linex. He graduated with distinction from the University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematical Engineering. He also went on to get his masters from Tuskeegee in Nuclear Engineering.

IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP

Lesson 3: Manufacturing 4 Life Part 1 (March 10th)

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Introducing WOW!



• Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity

•Manufacturing Discussion •Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

So…what’s our WOW?! For your WOW! You will be designing a manufacturing plant that will design gummy candies for supermarkets! You will determine where the plant will be located, the colors and flavors of your candy and much more!!!! You will be able to explain the entire manufacturing process from the raw materials to the finished product! 21st Century Skills: Technology & Oral Presentation

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Introducing WOW! • Opening Activity: Jeopardy



• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity

•Manufacturing Discussion •Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Jeopardy CHEMISTRY What is viscosity? Does water have a higher viscosity than honey?

$200

$400

Does melting point have a higher temperature than boiling point?

$600

Does an acid have a higher or lower pH than water?

$800

Why are physical and chemical properties important?

RAW INGREDIENTS

MANUFACTURING

Ingredients give gummy bears its texture, _____, and appearance

$200

Name three manufactures

$400

What is mass production?

$600

Why are raw materials important in manufacturing?

Where does sucrose come from? Name two sources What gives gummy bears its flavor? Why is gelatin an important gummy bear ingredient?

$800

$200

$400 $600 $800

What is the first step in gummy bear manufacturing?

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Introducing WOW! • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity



•Manufacturing Discussion •Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Key Definitions Mass Production: Producing goods in large quantities at low cost

Key Definitions Batch Process: Manufacturing technique of creating a group of components at a workstation before moving the group to the next step in production. Components are created in batches

8

8

Key Definitions Continuous Process: Manufacturing technique of creating a material in a continuous process without any interruption. It is similar to an “assembly line.”

Key Definitions Quality control: is a process by which people review the quality of all factors involved in production

Mogul: start molding machine that automatically performs multiple tasks involved in making gummy candy

Manufacturing Video & Activity Assignment: Work with your team to determine the correct order of the manufacturing steps The team who gets the order right will get 200 points added to their jeopardy score!

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Introducing WOW! • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity

•Manufacturing Discussion



•Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

STEP 1: Gummy raw materials (corn syrup, sugar, gelatin, color, flavor and water) are poured into mixing tanks and cooked at 160 oF

Mixing Tank

8

Batch Process

?: What happens to the ingredients at 160 oF? Are they still a sold, liquid, or vapor?

STEP 2: Ingredients are weighed, mixed, and pumped into a candy cooker, a 128 foot long stainless steel coil. Steam flows on the outside of the coil, cooking the candy inside. The candy flows into a vacuum chamber to remove excess moisture.

Batch Process

STEP 3: When the batch is complete, it is sent to the Quality Control laboratory to make sure it meets the required specifications

8

?: Why is this step important?

STEP 4: Colors, flavors, acids and fruit concentrates are added to the candy in a mix station

Batch Process

STEP 5: Next, the candy flows to the starch molding machine, called a “Mogul.” The mogul uses a series of starch filled mould boards to make the candy shapes.

Continuous Process

STEP 6: The mould boards pass under a stamping machine that presses the shape of the candy into the starch

Continuous Process

STEP 7: The gummy candy is transferred to the depositors, which is a part of the mogul that has a filling nozzle and can deliver the exact amount of candy needed into the trays. When full, the mould boards are stacked and allowed to dry

Continuous Process

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Introducing WOW! • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity

•Manufacturing Discussion •Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork



Did You Know?! Philip Emeagwali

“Father of the Internet”

Did You Know?!

At the age of fourteen, Philip dropped out of school because of the Nigerian-Biafran War. He went on to fight in the war and was also home-schooled by his father. As a daily assignment Phillip would solve over a hundred math problems in an hour. His father wanted him to know more than he did. He took his schooling very seriously and received a scholarship to attend Oregon State University where he majored in Mathematics. He went on to receive three more degrees, a doctorate in Scientific Computing from the University of Michigan and two Masters degrees from George Washington University. He is credited with being the creator of the internet! He studied bees and their honeycombs. He used the similar format of a honeycomb to build the "Supercomputer" which consisted of 65,000 processors. (A processor is the computers brain which tells it what to do) These 65,000 processors made the fastest computer in the world in 1989. Today, his computer is used to predict the weather and global warming.

IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP

Lesson 4: Review & Prep for Field Trip (March 17th)

IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP

Lesson 5: Manufacturing 4 Life Part 2 (March 24th)

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Review & Discussion



•Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Jeopardy OTHER

GUMMY BEAR PROCESS

MANUFACTURING

what is chemical engineering?

$200

What happens after the gummy bear ingredients are mixed together?

$200

what is mass production and why do we need it?

A continuous process is similar to an _______ ________

$400

When is the gummy bear batch sent to quality control laboratory? Why?

$400

what is a mogul? Can it be used to make other types of candy besides gummy bears?

which has a higher pH, acids or bases? Name an example of an acid and a base

When are the colors, flavors and fruit concentrations added?

$600

How do the mold boards get the gummy bear design?

Why are physical and chemical properties important? Name an example of each

How is the gummy candy added to the mold boards?

$600

$800

$200 $400

$800

Bonus: How is corn starch used in the gummy bear process? Does it get reused in the process?

Bonus! $1,000

$600

$800

what is a tumbler?

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Review & Discussion



•Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Manufacturing Review WHY DO WE USE STARCH? 1. Starch prevents candy from sticking to the candy molds.

2. Starch holds the gummy candy in place during the drying, cooling, and setting processes. 3. Starch absorbs moisture from the candies, giving them the proper texture. ?: What is moisture?

Manufacturing Review WHY DO WE USE A MOGUL? 4. Mogal can automatically perform the multiple tasks involved in making gummy candy such as gummy bears, jelly belly’s and marshmallows. 5. Mogal consists of 30 trays that have gummy molds. Each mold can hold over 600 gummy bears!

Manufacturing Activity 2 Assignment: Work with your team to determine the correct order of the manufacturing steps The team who gets the order right will get 200 points added to their jeopardy score!

STEP 8: After 24 hours, the mold boards are returned to the mogul. The mogul empties the mold board by turning it over, allowing the candy and starch to fall into a rotating sieve.

Continuous Process

STEP 9: The candy is separated from the molding starch.

Batch Process

STEP 10: The candy moves onto a conveyor belt and is taken to a tumbler.

Continuous Process

STEP 11: The candy is coated in the tumbler to keep it from sticking together.

?: What is used to coat the candy?

Batch Process

STEP 12: The gummies are checked for quality before they are sent to packaging!

?: What are the gummies checked for?

STEP 13: The gummies are sent to a bagging machine. This process uses a series of buckets which measure the amount of candy placed in each bag.

Continuous Process

STEP 14: Once measured, the candy moves to the bagging machine which uses a flat sheet of plastic from a roll.

Continuous Process

STEP 15: The finished bags are packed into cases and prepared for shipping!

Continuous Process

STEP 16: The starch that was separated from the gummy candy in step 9 is sent to a starch conditioning system where it is dried and cooled.

Continuous Process

STEP 17: The starch is then sent to the starch molding machine to be reused, and enters mold boards to make the candy shapes. The process starts all over again!

Continuous Process

AGENDA Today’s Agenda • Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Review & Discussion •Closing Activity: Did You Know?



21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Did You Know?! Frederick Jones

Refrigerator system and helped to produce talking films!

Did You Know?! Born 1893 in Covington, Kentucky to a White father and Black mother. His mother died shortly after he was born. He ran away from home at age 12 to work in a car mechanic shop. He watched how cars were taken apart and became really interested in the process. In just a few short years he became one of the highest ranking workers in the shop. After several more years working as a mechanic he went on to race cars and became one of the most well known racers in the region. He is one of the most revered Black inventors with over 60 creations! He soon enlisted in the army and fought in France during the first world war. His skills were mostly self taught and from experience he gained from the army. After a delivery went bad with food spoiling, he invented the automatic refrigeration system which eliminated food going bad. He also helped to convert silent movies into talking films. He received the National Medal of Technology which is one of the greatest honors for an inventor. He was also the first Black inventor to earn this award.

IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP Lesson 6: Wanna be Starting Quality Control (March 31st)

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Opening Activity: Jeopardy



• Manufacturing Activity & Review • Quality Control Discussion

•WOW Prep and Taza Tour •Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Jeopardy OTHER

GUMMY BEAR PROCESS

Why is dye added to the gummy bears? What do the colors represent?

$200

What happens after the gummy bear ingredients are mixed together?

How many trays does a mogul have, and how many gummy bears can it hold?

$400

How do the correct number of gummy bears get added to each bag?

$400

What is a mogul, and what type of candy can it make?

$600

How is corn starch used in the gummy process? Name one reason why it is used

$800

How many times do we check for quality when we make gummy bears?

A continuous process is similar to an _______ ________

$200

What gives the gummy bears its texture?

$600

Does the corn starch get reused? Why?

Why are physical and chemical properties important? Name an example of each

How is the gummy candy added to the mold boards?

$800

MANUFACTURING

$200 $400 $600 $800

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Activity & Review



• Quality Control Discussion

•WOW Prep and Taza Tour •Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Manufacturing Activity 2 Assignment: Work with your team to determine the correct order of the manufacturing steps The team who gets the order right will get 200 points added to their jeopardy score!

Manufacturing Review STEP 1: Factory workers follow instructions outlined in the recipes and physically pour the appropriate amount of gummy raw materials into main mixing tanks.

8

Mixing Tank

STEP 2: Once the ingredients are mixed, it is sent to a candy cooker, and the excess moisture is removed.

Manufacturing Review STEP 3: Gummy candy mixture is sent to quality control laboratory to make sure it meets the required specifications.

STEP 4: Colors, flavors, acids, and fruit concentrates are added to the candy in a mix station.

8

Manufacturing Review STEP 5: Candy flows to the starch molding machine, where molds are formed into candy shapes. Once the molds are filled they are sent to dry for 24 hours.

Manufacturing Review STEP 6: After the gummy bears dry in the mold boards, the boards are then returned to the mogul where they are emptied, allowing the candy and starch to fall into a rotating sieve.

STEP 7: The candy is separated from the molding starch.

Manufacturing Review STEP 8: The gummy candy moves onto a conveyor belt and is taken to a tumbler where it is coated to keep them from sticking together.

STEP 9: The gummy candies are checked for quality then sent to a bagging machine to get packaged.

Manufacturing Review STEP 10: The starch that was removed from the gummy bears enters a starch conditioning system where it is dried and cooled. It is then sent to the starch molding machine to be reused, and enters mold boards to make the candy shapes. The process starts all over again.

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Activity & Review • Quality Control Discussion



•WOW Prep and Taza Tour •Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Quality Control

What’s wrong with these Jelly Belly candies?

Quality Control

What’s this person doing?

Quality Control

Describe this picture

Quality Control 1. WHAT IS QUALITY CONTROL? Quality Control is a process by which people review the quality of all factors involved in production 2. WHY IS QUALITY CONTROL IMPORTANT? Quality Control is important because it ensures that the end product is good for use. It makes sure that our foods are safe to eat, our cars are safe to drive, etc. 3. HOW MANY TIMES DO WE CHECK FOR QUALITY WHEN WE MAKE GUMMY BEARS? Twice

Quality Control 4. WHAT DO WE CHECK FOR IN THE FIRST STEP? Raw materials are tested in the Quality Control lab to ensure they confirm to specifications. Materials are checked for the following: •Appearance •Color •Odor •Flavor •viscosity of oils •pH of liquids •particle sizes of the solids

Quality Control 5. WHAT DO WE CHECK FOR IN THE SECOND STEP? Physical aspects of the candy are checked which include: •Appearance •Texture •Odor •Flavor 6. HOW IS THE CANDY TESTED IN BOTH STEPS? The method of testing is to compare the candy to an established standard. For example, the color of a random sample is compared to the correct gummy bear color. Other qualities such as taste, texture, and odor are evaluated by sensory panels. These are made up of a group of people who look at the candy for any small differences

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Activity & Review • Quality Control Discussion

•WOW Prep and Taza Tour



•Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

So…what’s our WOW?! For your WOW! You will be designing a manufacturing plant that will design gummy candies for supermarkets! You will determine the name of the plant, location, colors and flavors of your candy, and much more!!!! You will be able to explain the entire manufacturing process from the raw materials to the finished product! 21st Century Skills: Technology & Oral Presentation

Taza Factory! Taza Chocolate Factory Questions 1.Who owns the factory and why did they want to make candy for a living? 2.What is chocolate made out of? 3.What kind of chocolate do you make? 4.How long does it take to make a chocolate bar? 5.What ingredients do you put in your chocolate? 6.Why is the factory named Taza? 7.How do you make the machines? 8.How long did it take to start the business?

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Opening Activity: Jeopardy • Manufacturing Activity & Review • Quality Control Discussion

•WOW Prep and Taza Tour •Closing Activity: Did You Know?



21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Did You Know?! Madame CJ Walker

Black hair care products

Did You Know?! 1867-1919 She was born on a Louisiana Plantation to former slaves. She was an entrepreneur, philanthropist and social activist as well as an inventor. She created her own business around hair care products for African American women and was the first Black woman billionaire! She was born as Sarah Breedlove until she changed her first name to Madame before starting her company. She developed hair care products because she wanted to help African American women take better care of their hair and promote growth. She suffered from a scalp disease and tried several home remedies as well as store bought items before inventing her own scalp conditioner and healing formula. She traveled for a year promoting and selling her products. Contrary to popular belief she did not invent perm. A man by the name of Marcel Grateau was the first to use this method. The perm has transformed over the years since the 1870s.

IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP Lesson 8: DJ Got US Falling in Love with Safety and the Environment (April 14th)

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Taza Reflection



• Safety/Environment Discussion • “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review

•Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Taza Reflection WHAT DID YOU LIKE ABOUT THE TOUR?

WHAT SURPRISED YOU ABOUT THE TOUR?

ARE THERE ANY SIMILARITIES BETWEEN MAKING CHOCOLATE AND GUMMY BEARS?

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Taza Reflection •Environmental Health and Safety Discussion



• “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review

•Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Environmental Health and Safety

What do these symbols represent?

Environmental Health and Safety

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Taza Reflection •Environmental Health and Safety Discussion • “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review



•Closing Activity: Did You Know?

21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

“It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review You will have 30 minutes to complete all three activities. Each activity is worth 60 points. The team that gets the most number of points wins!

AGENDA Today’s Agenda •Taza Reflection •Environmental Health and Safety Discussion • “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review

•Closing Activity: Did You Know?



21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork

Did You Know?! Dr. Patricia Bath

Ophthalmologist

Did You Know?! During her teens she always knew she wanted to work in healthcare. She worked on cancer research at the age of 16 and won recognition for it. She continued with her studies earning excellent grades. She received her B.S. in Chemistry from Hunter College in New York in 1964. She went on to earn her doctorate degree at Howard University College of Medicine in Washington D.C. in 1968. While doing her fellowship at Columbia University she witnessed that African American patients did not have good healthcare. She decided to help fix this situation by giving back to her community. She spent the next 30 years working to prevent, care and treat blindness. She believed everyone had the "Right to Sight". Her motto helped her to excel as an eye doctor. She co-founded the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness. They worked to protect, preserve and restore sight. One of her major contributions in the field has been her invention in 1985 for removing cataracts. Cataracts is the condition where the eye is cloudy. Dr. Bath was always pushed to succeed in life through education and she worked hard from her young age to make the world a better place.

IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP Lesson 11: Final Lesson (May 12th)

WOW! Recap WHAT DID YOU THINK OF THE WOW? HOW DID YOU THINK YOU DID? WHAT WOULD YOU DO DIFFERENTLY?

WHAT TYPE OF QUESTIONS DID PEOPLE ASK YOU?

Let’s make Gummy Bears! •3 packages of gelatin •2 tablespoons of flavored Jello packages •1 tablespoon of Kool-Aid • 1/2 cup of ice water •Candy molds •1/4 cup of sugar

Let’s make Gummy Bears! STEP 1: Mix the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar in a cup STEP 2: SLOWLY add the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar to 1/2 a cup of water STEP 3: Mix well in a bowl, not too fast, but not too slow

STEP 4: Allow to stand until mixture looks slushy or watery STEP 5: Microwave the mixture on high for 1 minute and 15 seconds (Ms. Symes) STEP 6: Carefully fill the candy molds using a squeeze bottle STEP 7: Put the molds in the freezer (Ms. Symes) STEP 8: Remove from freezer, and remove the candy from the candy molds (Ms. Symes)

Licorice video

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 1— ACTIVITY SHEET Introduction: 1) Engineering is the ___________ of math and ___________to design and ____________structures, machines, devices, __________, processes that safely realize _____________to the lives of people and society. 2) _____________ Engineering is a type of ____________ that applies ________, math, and __________to provide practical solutions and make useful __________at minimum cost in a safe and environmentally ______________way. 3) The two 21st Century skills that will be the focus of this apprenticeship are: ________________ and ________________ 4) ___________ are a set of expectations about how we will act ______________________and the things we will do to foster a fun, inclusive learning ________________. Norms: 5) The nine norms of this apprenticeship are: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. Others: History of Gummy Bears: 6) Gummy candy is a unique candy composed of ___________, sweeteners, flavorings, and ____________. Because of its nature it can be molded into literally thousands of ___________, making it one of the most versatile confection products ever. 7) Gummy candy represents a more recent advance in candy technology. The technology, derived from early pectin and starch formulations, was first developed in __________ by a man named ___________________ in 1922. He began the ___________company, which Page | 1

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ made the first ____________________. While gummy candy has been manufactured since this time, it had limited worldwide distribution until the early 1980s. It was then when Haribo began manufacturing gummy bears in the United States in 1981. The fad caught on, causing other companies to develop similar products. The gummy bears led to other types of gummy candy entries from companies such as Hershey, Brach's, and Farley's. Now, the candy is available in various different forms, from dinosaurs to fruit rolls. Today, it continues to be popular, with sales totaling over ________________in 1996 in the United States alone. 8) __________________ is the use of machines, tools and _________to produce goods for use or sale. In industrial production, raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more complex products such as _____________, or sold to wholesalers who in turn, sell them to retailers who then sell them to the end users, the ____________. The manufacturing sector is closely connected with _____________and industrial design. 9) Name 3 manufacturing companies a. b. c. Others?

Comments

Page | 2

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 2— ACTIVITY SHEET Raw Materials:

1. Gummy candy recipes are typically developed by experienced food technologists and____________. By blending together different ingredients, they can control the various characteristics of gummy candy, such as texture, ______, and appearance. 2. The primary ingredients of gummy bears, include________, gelatin, sweeteners, flavors, and _________. 3. Since gelatin is a tasteless and odorless compound that contains no ______, sweeteners and flavorings are added to give gummy candy its _______. 4. Various sugars are added as sweeteners. Sucrose, derived from beets or ______ cane, provides a high degree of sweetness to the gummy candy. 5. Corn syrup is also used because it helps prevent the other ________from crystallizing and ruining the gummy texture. Also, corn syrup helps add _______ to the candy, maintain moisture, and keep costs lower. 6. The sweetness of gummy candy is only ______of its characteristics. Artificial and natural flavors are also used to create a unique taste. Natural flavors are obtained from fruits, berries, ________, molasses, and maple sugar. 7. The impact of these flavors can be improved by the addition of artificial flavors that are mixtures of aromatic chemicals. Also, _______such as citric acid, lactic acid, and malic acid are added to provide ___________. 8. _______ are added to create the wide array of colors found in gummy candy. Typical dyes include Red dye #40. Using these federally regulated dyes, gummy manufacturers can make the candy almost any color they desire. 9. During the manufacturing process of gummy bears, lubricating agents, and shine enhancing agents are added to give gummy bears its shine. These include materials like ___________, and coconut _______.

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ Key Definitions: 1. Melting point: Temperature at which a solid becomes a ______________ 2. Boiling point: Temperature at which a liquid becomes a ______________ 3. pH: A measure of the how acidic or basic a solution is. The pH scale ranges from ____to ____with 7 being neutral. Solutions ______ than 7 are acidic and solutions greater than 14 are __________. 4. Viscosity: defines the substance’s ability to ______. The lower the viscosity, the easier it is for the liquid to flow. What has higher viscosity, water or honey? _______________ 5. Solubility: the ability of a substance to dissolve in a ____________. Soluble means a substance can dissolve in a solution. Insoluble means a substance can’t dissolve in a substance 6. Density: a measure of the compactness of a substance, expressed as its _______per unit volume. 7. Celsius: it is a temperature _______. 8. A physical _____________ is used to describes the physical state of a material 9. A __________property is used to characterize matter in reactions that change their identity

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

Presentation Questions: Team Texture: Gelatin: 1. Why is gelatin important in making gummy bears?

2. Where does Gelatin come from?

3. What are two physical properties of gelatin?

4. What is one chemical property of gelatin?

5. What else can gelatin be used for?

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

Team Taste: Sucrose and Citric Acid: 1. Why are sucrose and citric acid important in making gummy bears?

2. Where does sucrose and citric acid come from?

3. What are two physical properties of sucrose and two physical properties of citric acid?

4. What is one chemical property of citric acid?

5. What else are sucrose and citric acid used for?

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

Team Appearance: Dye #40 & Beeswax: 1. Why are Dye #40 & Beeswax important in making gummy bears?

2. Where does Dye #40 & Beeswax come from?

3. What are two physical properties of Dye #40 and two physical properties of Beeswax?

4. What is one chemical property of Dye #40 & Beeswax?

5. What else are Dye #40 & Beeswax used for?

Gummy Bear Texture: Gelatin SOURCE: Gelatin is a protein derived from animal tissue through a chemical process. Gelatin is available in granular powder form, or as a sheet (only in Europe). The worldwide production of gelatin is about 300,000 tons per year and its production by geography is as follows: 39% in Western Europe; 20% in North America; 17% in Latin America; 22% elsewhere. Gelatin is processed at gelatin manufacturing plants. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:  Gelatin has a high viscosity and forms thick solutions or gels when placed in water.  Gelatin is insoluble in cold water, and soluble in warm water  When used at an appropriate concentration, the gels take on the texture of the chewy, gummy candy  However, since these gels are thermoreversible, which means they get thinner as they are heated, gummy candies have a "melt in the mouth" characteristic  Both the texture and the amount of time it takes the candy to dissolve in the mouth can be controlled by the amount of gelatin used in a recipe  Gelatin is considered the gelling binder in the making of gummy bears  Gelatin is tasteless and odorless and contains no fat  Dry gelatin has an almost infinite shelf life  The textural characteristic of gelatin depends on temperature, method of manufacture and pH. Manufacturing and temperature can be physically controlled. The pH is controlled chemically by addition of acids  melting temperature: 100oC  density: 1.3 g/cm3

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:  pH: ~5  Gelatin will break down (or lose it gelling ability) if exposed to the enzymes of certain raw fruits, like kiwi fruit, papayas, pineapple, peaches, mangos, guavas, and figs. USES:  Gelatin is sold with a wide range of special properties  Gelatin is used in food and candy such as gummy bears, marshmallows, candy corn and it is also used to thicken yogurt, sour cream, and ice creams  Gelatin is also used to create shells of pharmaceutical capsules in order to make them easier to swallow  It is also used by synchronized swimmers to hold their hair in place during their routines as it will not dissolve in the cold water of the pool OTHER:  People who are Mulsim halal or Jewish kosher do not eat animal-sourced gelatin

Gummy Bear Taste Sucrose (sweetness) SOURCE: Sucrose is a carbohydrate commonly known as table sugar. It comes from sugar cane or sugar beets, and provides a high degree of sweetness to the gummy candy. In 2001/2002, worldwide production of sugar amounted to 134.1 million tons. Most cane sugar comes from countries with warm climates, such as Brazil, India, China, Thailand, Mexico, and Australia. Beet sugar comes from regions with cooler climates: northwest and eastern Europe, northern Japan, and some areas in the United States (including California). PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:  A white, odorless, crystalline powder with a sweet taste  The solubility of sucrose in water depends on the temperature. The hotter the water is, the more soluble is the sugar  Density: 1.587 g/cm3  melting point: 186 °C CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:  sugar does not have a pH

Citric Acid (flavor) SOURCE: is a weak organic acid. It is a natural preservative and is also used to add an acidic, or sour, taste to foods and soft drinks Citric acid exists in greater than trace amounts in a variety of fruits and vegetables, most notably citrus fruits. Lemons and limes have particularly high concentrations of the acid. In 2007, world-wide annual production stood at approximately 1,600,000 tons. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:  At room temperature, citric acid is a white crystalline powder.  melting point: 153 °C  boiling point: 175 °C  Density: 1.665 g/cm3 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:  pH: less than 7 USES:  Citric acid has been used as an additive to soft drinks, and seltzer, and occurs naturally in many juices  Citric acid is the active ingredient in some bathroom and kitchen cleaning solutions  Citric acid is also used in the process of developing photographic films

Gummy Bear Appearance: Red dye #40 People associate certain colors with certain flavors, and the color of food can influence the perceived flavor in anything from candy to wine. For this reason, food manufacturers add dyes to their products. Red dye #40 is a chemical and is often referred to as an "azo" dye. It was originally manufactured from coal tar but is now mostly made from petroleum. It is the most popular dye and in 1992, more than 3 million pounds of the dye was produced . PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:  It has the appearance of a dark red powder  It is soluble in water  melting point: >300 °C CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:  dye does not have a pH USES:

 

Manufacturers use Red Dye #40 in all sorts of gelatins, beverages, dairy products and condiments Red Dye is in Candy such as gummy bears, Hi-C Fruit Snacks, jolly ranchers, starbursts, skittles, bubble gum

Beeswax SOURCE: Beeswax is a natural wax produced by the (female) worker honeybees. Beeswax is made in bee hives. Honey bees use the beeswax to build honeycomb cells in which their young are raised and honey and pollen are stored. About 10 pounds of honey yields 1 pound of wax. About 10,000 tons of beeswax is produced annually

  

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: Beeswax is a tough wax Density at 15 °C is 0.958 to 0.970 g/cm³. Melting point range: 62°C to 64 °C If beeswax is heated above 85 °C discoloration occurs

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:  Beeswax does not have a pH USES:

  

Purified and bleached beeswax is used in the production of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals Beeswax is used as a coating for cheese, to protect the food as it ages Candles

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 3— ACTIVITY SHEET

MOGUL QUALITY CONTROL MASS PRODUCTION

CONTINUOUS PROCESS BATCH PROCESS

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

STEP 1

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ STEP 2

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ STEP 3

___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

STEP 4

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

STEP 5

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

STEP 6

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

STEP 7

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

Factory workers follow instructions outlined in the recipes and physically pour the appropriate amount off gummy raw materials into main mixing tanks.

Once the ingredients are mixed, it is sent to a candy cooker, and the excess moisture is removed.

Gummy candy mixture is sent to quality control laboratory to make sure it meets the required specifications.

Colors, flavors, acids and fruit concentrates are added to the candy in a mix station.

Candy flows to the starch molding machine, where molds are formed into candy shapes. Once the molds are filled they are sent to dry.

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 5— ACTIVITY SHEET

Circle the correct word 1. (Starch/ mogal) prevents candy from sticking to the candy molds. 2. (Starch/mogal) holds the gummy candy in place during the drying, cooling, and setting processes. 3. (Starch/mogal) absorbs moisture from the candies, giving them the proper texture. 4. (Starch/mogal) can automatically perform the multiple tasks involved in making gummy candy such as gummy bears, jelly belly’s and marshmallows. 5. (Starch/mogal) consists of 30 trays that have gummy molds. Each mold can hold over 600 gummy bears!

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

STEP 8

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ STEP 9

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ STEP 10

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

STEP 11

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ STEP 12

_________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________

STEP 13

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

STEP 14

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ STEP 15

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________

STEP 16

_________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________

STEP 17

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

The gummy bears are sent to dry for 24 hours in the mold boards. The boards are then returned to the mogul where they are emptied, allowing the candy and starch to fall into a rotating sieve.

The candy is separated from the molding starch.

The gummy candy moves onto a conveyor belt and is taken to a tumbler where it is coated to keep them from sticking together.

The gummy candies are checked for quality then sent to a bagging machine to get packaged.

The starch that was removed from the gummy bears enters a starch conditioning system where it is dried and cooled. It is then sent to the starch molding machine to be reused, and enters mold boards to make the candy shapes. The process starts all over again.

NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 6— ACTIVITY SHEET

1. What is quality control? Quality Control is a process by which people _______the ______of all factors involved in production. 2. Why is quality control important? Quality Control is important because it ensures that the end _______ is good for use. It makes sure that our foods are safe to eat, our cars are safe to drive, etc. 3. How many times do we check for quality when we make gummy bears? 4. What do we check for in the first step? Raw materials are tested in the Quality Control lab to ensure they confirm to specifications. Materials are checked for the following: • Appearance • __________ • Odor • Flavor • viscosity of oils • ______ of liquids • particle sizes of the solids 5. What do we check for in the second step? Physical aspects of the candy are checked which include: • Appearance • _________ • Odor • Flavor 6. How is the candy tested in both steps? The method of testing is to compare the candy to an established _______. For example, the color of a random sample is compared to the correct gummy bear color. Other qualities such as taste, texture, and odor are evaluated by sensory panels. These are made up of a group of people who look at the candy for any small differences.

Factory workers follow instructions outlined in the recipes and physically pour the appropriate amount of gummy raw materials into main mixing tanks.

Once the ingredients are mixed, it is sent to a candy cooker, and the excess moisture is removed.

Gummy candy mixture is sent to quality control laboratory to make sure it meets the required specifications.

Colors, flavors, acids, and fruit concentrates are added to the candy in a mix station.

Candy flows to the starch molding machine, where molds are formed into candy shapes. Once the molds are filled they are sent to dry for 24 hours.

After the gummy bears dry in the mold boards, the boards are then returned to the mogul where they are emptied, allowing the candy and starch to fall into a rotating sieve.

The candy is separated from the molding starch.

The gummy candy moves onto a conveyor belt and is taken to a tumbler where it is coated to keep them from sticking together. The gummy candies are checked for quality then sent to a bagging machine to get packaged.

The starch that was removed from the gummy bears enters a starch conditioning system where it is dried and cooled. It is then sent to the starch molding machine to be reused, and enters mold boards to make the candy shapes. The process starts all over again.

Group 1: Manufacturing Process Your role at the WOW!: Your group is responsible for the manufacturing process! Your role at the WOW! will be to walk guests through the process of how gummy bears are made. It’s important that you understand the ten main manufacturing steps along with how a mogul and cornstarch are used in the process. Today’s task: As a group, brainstorm 3-4 questions you would like to answer at the WOW! Ms. Reid will stop by your desk to review your questions, and will give you your science board to decorate. You can paste your questions on the board along with pictures Ms. Reid will provide. Leave enough space at the top of your board for the name of the factory and “Manufacturing Process”

Questions you would like to answer at the WOW!: 1.

2.

3.

4.

Group 2: Quality Control and Safety / Taza Factory Your role at the WOW!: Your group is responsible for quality control and safety! Your role at the WOW! will be to explain why quality control and safety are important to the production of gummy bears. It’s important that you understand what quality control is, why it’s important, how gummy bears are tested for quality in addition to the importance of safety when making gummy bears and for consumption. You will also discuss your trip to the chocolate factory. Today’s task: As a group, brainstorm 3-4 questions you would like to answer at the WOW! Ms. Reid will stop by your desk to review your questions, and will give you your science board to decorate. You can paste your questions on the board along with pictures Ms. Reid will provide. Leave enough space at the top of your board for the name of the factory and “Quality Control and Safety”

Questions you would like to answer at the WOW!: 1.

2.

3.

4.

Group 2: Raw Materials Your role at the WOW!: Your group is responsible for raw materials! Your role at the WOW! will be to discuss the raw materials used in making gummy bears and its properties. It’s important that you understand why each ingredient is used (i.e. provides the gummy bears with its taste, texture, or appearance), and the chemical (pH) and physical properties (melting point, boiling point, viscosity, density, solubility). Today’s task: As a group, brainstorm 3-4 questions you would like to answer at the WOW! Ms. Reid will stop by your desk to review your questions, and will give you your science board to decorate. You can paste your questions on the board along with pictures Ms. Reid will provide. Leave enough space at the top of your board for the name of the factory and “Raw Materials”

Questions you would like to answer at the WOW!: 1.

2.

3.

4.