Guías de Laboratorio (Análisis de Alimentos)
August 5, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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L@C]QD GFQDR@LPGQOD M@ APFG ]@LCDIDFOG @C LDC]QDI M@ LGIOMGM M@ GIOE@C]D\ FPÅG M@ IGADQG]DQOD
Fugmgighgrg m` Aufg,
J`lng8……………………
L.G.A.
Rrçltolg # 7 Octrdmulloüc g igs prçltolgs m` igadrgtdrod 7. Cdregs f`c`rgi`s
Murgct` `i to`epd m` p`regc`clog `c `i igadrgtdro igadrgtdrod, d, ids `stumogct`s `stumogct`s `stçc daiofgmds g usgr agtg y fgj fgjgs gs m` prdt`lloüc, y t`c`r g mospdsoloüc fugct`s m` lgulnd pgrg usd p`rsdcgi. Idlgiozgr ids `xtoctdr`s m` ocl`cmod y v`rojolgr qu` s` `clu`ctr`c so`epr` ldc ig lgrfg gm`lugmg y `c au`c `stgm `stgmd d m` juclodcgeo`ctd. Cuclg jue` d ocfo`rg gioe`ctds süiomds d iåquomds `c `i igadrgtdrod. @c lgsd m` lugiquo`r gllom`ct`, ocjdre` oce`mogtge`ct` gi prdj`sdr d gsost`ct`. Gct`s m` usgr uc r`gltovd quåeo quåeold ld i`g luomgmdsge`ct` iig g `toqu`tg pgrg om`ctoj om`ctojolgr olgr `i ldct`comd, cov`i m` tdxolomgm y jdreg m` egc`hd. ]de` ig lgctomgm c`l`sgrog y tgp` oce`mogtge`ct` `i r`lopo`ct`. \`g ldcslo` ldcslo`ct` ct` sdar` su r`spdcsgaoi r`spdcsgaoiomgm omgm p`rsdcgi p`rsdcgi `c `i egc`hd m` prdmultds quåeolds. Cuclg ttdqu` dqu` ldc ig egcd co pru`a` uc ldepu`std quåeold, g cd s`r qu` s` id gutdrol`. Lugcmd s`g c`l`sgrod ldcdl`r `i didr m` ucg sustgclo sustgclog, g, cd gl`rqu` mor`ltge`ct` mor`ltge`ct` ig cgroz g ig sustgclog d g ig adlg m`i r`lopo`ct` qu` ig ldcto`c`. Id ldrr`ltd `s gfotgr ig egcd sdar` ig sup`rjolo` m` ig sustgclog d ig adlg m`i r`lopo`ct`, y ii`vgr m` `stg egc`rg `i didr nglog ig cgroz. Cuclg pop`tï` ldc ig adlg. Ptoiol` so`epr` igs p`rgs m` sulloüc. sulloüc. Ig egcopuigloüc m` çlomds, ags`s y sdiv`ct`s drfçco drfçcolds lds m`a` `j `j`ltugrs` `ltugrs` m`ctrd m` ig lgepgcg m` `xtrglloüc m` vgpdr`s. Pcg v` v`z z pr`pgrgm pr`pgrgmg g ucg sdiuloüc, `toquït`ig ocmolgcmd ldepdsoloüc, ldcl`ctrgloüc, j`lng y r`spdcsgai`. Gi m`hgr m` usgr ids ids r`gltovds d sdiulodc`s, r`frïs`ids g su iufgr m` giegl`cgeo`ctd yg qu` `std jgloiotgrç su trgaghd `xp`roe`ctgi y `i m` sus ldepg÷`rds. Cd ooctrdmulor ctrdmulor igs pop`tgs pop`tgs `c ids r` r`lopo`ct`s lopo`ct`s drofocgi`s m` ids r`gltovds iåquomds. Cd vdiv`r g ldidlgr ids r`gltovds sdargct`s `c ids ids r`lopo`ct`s drofocgi`s. Cd lgeaogr m` iufgr ids r`gltovds m` usd ldepgrtomd. Egct`cfg so`epr so`epr` ` `i iiufgr ufgr m` trgaghd ioe ioepod pod y ldc `i eåcoed m` ro`sfds pdt`clogi`s. pdt`clogi`s. @c lgsd m` `csulogrs`, `csulogrs`, iåe iåepo`id po`id oce`mogtge`ct` ldc ucg tdgiig m` t`ig d pgp`i pr`voge`ct` nue`m`lomg ldc gfug. @c lgsd m` sgipolgmurg m` uc çlomd d ucg ags` `c ig po`i, `chuçfu`id oce`mogtge`ct` oce`mogtge`ct` ldc gfug. @c `i lgsd m` çlomd suijørold, m`a`rç gpiolgr gm`eçs ucg sdiuloüc m` aolgradcgtd m` sdmod gi 0%. Rgrg `cl`cm`r ig iigeg m` uc e`ln`rd, e`ln`rd, `clo`cmg proe`rd `i l`roiid, glïr glïrqu`id qu`id g iig g pgrt` sup`ro sup`rodr dr m`i e e`ln`rd `ln`rd y garg i`ctge`ct` ig vçivuig m`i fgs. Pcg v`z jocgiozgmg ig ig prçltolg, ldidqu` tdmds ids egt`rogi`s egt`rogi`s y r`gltovds `c drm`c, ioepo ioepo` ` `i iiufgr ufgr m` trgaghd y içv`s` igs egcds gct`s m` sgior.
1. Q`lde`cmglodc`s pgrg ig r`giozgloüc m` igs prçltolgs
Lgmg `stumog `stumogct` ct` m`a`rç ii`vgr iiçpoz, çpoz, adrrgmdr, adrrgmdr, `sj`r `sj`rd, d, egrlgmdr p`regc`ct` m` puctg jocg y uc lugm`rcd øcol øcold d qu` s`rç utoiozgmd lded ioard m` igadrgtdrod. @i `stumo `stumogct` gct` m`a`rç `stumogr pr pr`voge`ct` `voge`ct` `i `xp`roe`ctd g `j`ltugr, ldc `i prdpüsotd m` ldepr`cm`r su dah`tovd, ids proclopods `c qu` s` jucmge`ctg y `i prdl`moeo`ctd g s`fuor. Rgrg `iid, lgmg `stumogct` r`loaorç, ldc gctolopgloüc, ig fuåg m` igadrgtdrod ldrr`spdcmo`ct` g ig sofuo`ct` prçltolg. Rgrg pdm`r ocfr`sgr g ig prçltolg, `i `stumogct` m`a`rç nga`r dat`comd gi e`cds uc 62% m` ig cdtg `c ig pru`ag ldrr`spdcmo`ct` g ig prçltolg. Das`rvgr ldc gt`cloüc ig m`edstrgloüc m`edstrgloüc m`i `xp`roe`ctd qu` `j`ltø` `i prdj`sdr prdj`sdr d gsost`ct`, gsost`ct`, gså lded igs ocstrullodc`s `sp`logi`s qu` i` s`gc mgmgs. Gcdt` oce`mogtge`ct` igs das`rvglodc`s, das`rvglodc`s, r`suitgmds d mgtds dat`comds. Cuclg trgt` m` e`e e`edrozgrids. drozgrids. Q`giol` ids lçiluids `c `i ioard m` iigadrgtdrod. gadrgtdrod. @c lgsd m` lde`t`r `rrdr`s `c `i r`fostrd m` mgt mgtds, ds, lçiluids d r`suitgmds, cuclg ids adrr`, socd tçln`ids ldc ucg rgyg, y gi igmd `slroag ids vgidr`s ldrr`ltds. 7
L@C]QD GFQDR@LPGQOD M@ APFG ]@LCDIDFOG @C LDC]QDI M@ LGIOMGM M@ GIOE@C]D\ FPÅG M@ IGADQG]DQOD
Fugmgighgrg m` Aufg,
J`lng8……………………
L.G.A.
1
L@C]QD GFQDR@LPGQOD M@ APFG ]@LCDIDFOG @C LDC]QDI M@ LGIOMGM M@ GIOE@C]D\ FPÅG M@ IGADQG]DQOD
Fugmgighgrg m` Aufg,
J`lng8……………………
L.G.A.
Rrçltolg # 1 Egc`hd m` ig agigczg gcgiåtolg Octrdmulloüc.Ig agigczg gcgiåtolg, ig lugi p`reot` r`giozgr e`momgs m` egsg euy ldcjogai`s, `s ucd m` ids ocstrue`ctds eçs usgmds `c `i igadrgtdrod y m` ig lugi m`p`cm`c açsolge`ct` tdmds ids r`suitgmds gcgiåtolds. g cgiåtolds.
@c `i e`rlgmd `xost` ucg frgc vgro`mgm m` edm`ids, qu` vgrågc tgctd `c ig lgrfg eçxoeg qu` pu`m`c sdpdrtgr gså lded `c ig r`sdiuloüc, p`rd `c f`c`rgi s` igs pu`m` ligsojolgrs` lded sofu`8
]dmgs igs agigczgs gcgiåtolgs to`c`c ucg lçegrg m` p`sgmg r`ltgcfuigr, jdregmg pdr lrostgi`s, qu` oepom` ig ocjiu`clog m` turaui`clogs m` gor`. F`c`rgie`ct` `s pdsoai` garor tgctd igs v`ctgcoiigs igt`rgi`s lded ig sup`rodr pgrg octrdmulor ids dah`tds g p`sgr. Igs agigczgs gcgiåtolgs edm`rcgs, qu` pu`m`c djr`l`r vgidr`s m` pr`losoüc m` i`lturg m` 2,7 ιf g 2,7 ef, `stçc agstgct` m`sgrrdiigmgs m` egc`rg qu` cd `s c`l`sgrog ig utoiozgloüc m` lugrtds `sp`logi`s pgrg ig e`momg m`i p`sd. Gøc gså, `i <
L@C]QD GFQDR@LPGQOD M@ APFG ]@LCDIDFOG @C LDC]QDI M@ LGIOMGM M@ GIOE@C]D\ FPÅG M@ IGADQG]DQOD
Fugmgighgrg m` Aufg,
J`lng8……………………
L.G.A.
soepi` `epi`d m` lorluotds `i`ltrücolds cd `ioeocg igs oct`rgllodc`s m`i sost`eg ldc `i geao`ct`. M` `stds, ids `j`ltds jåsolds sdc ids eçs oepdrtgct`s pdrqu` cd pu`m`c s`r suproeomds. Ig pr`losoüc y ig ldcjogczg m` igs e`momgs m`i p`sd `stçc mor`ltge`ct` r`iglodcgmgs g ig idlgiozgloüc, luomgmd y egcopuigloüc m` ig agigczg gcgiåtolg. Ids proclopgi`s puctds qu` m`a`c m` s`r ldcsom`rgmds pgrg su ldrr`ltg dp`rgloüc sdc8
Idlgiozgloüc m` ig agigczg.g) Lgrglt`råstolgs m` ig sgig m` e e`momg `momg
]`c`r gp`cgs ucg `ctrgmg. ]`c`r `i eåcoed cøe` cøe`rd rd m` v v`ctgcgs `ctgcgs pdsoai`, pgrg `votgr ig iuz mor`ltg m`i sdi y ldrro`ct`s m` gor`. \`r pdld susl`ptoai` g lndqu`s y voarglodc`s.
a) Ldcmolodc`s m` iig ge e`sg `sg pgrg ig agigczg
l)
Wu`mgr jo jore`e`ct` re`e`ct` gpdyg gpdygmg mg `c `i su`id su`id m` egc`rg qu` sdid s` trgcseotgc uc eåcoed eåcoed m` voarglodc`s pdsoai`s. \`r råfomg, cd pumo`cmd pumo`cmd ldh`gr d oc ocliocgrs` liocgrs` murgct` igs dp`r dp`rglodc`s glodc`s m` e`momg. e`momg. Ldidlgr ig e`sg `c ids sotods eçs råfomds m` ig l ldcstrulloüc, dcstrulloüc, f`c`rgie`ct` f`c`rgie`ct` `c ids rocldc`s m` ig sgig. \`r gctoegfc gctoegfcïtolg ïtolg (cd ldct`c`r e`tgi` e`tgi`s s d gl`rd) y prdt`fomg m` lgrfgs `i`ltrdstçtolgs (cd ldct`c`r piçstolds d vomrods). Ldcmolodc`s geao`ctgi`s Egct`c`r ig t`ep`rgturg t`ep`rgturg m` ig ig sgig ldcstgct` y iig g nue`mgm `ctr` =0% y :2%. Cd p`reotor ig oclom`clog m` iuz sdigr mor`ltg. Cd ngl`r igs e`momgs l`rlg m` orrgmogmdr`s m` lgidr. Ocstgigr iigs gs iueocgrogs iueocgrogs i`hds pgrg `votgr mosturaods pdr rgmogloüc tïreolg. tïreolg. @ @ii usd m` içepgrgs jiudr`sl`ct`s ` `s s e`cds prdai`eçtold. @votgr iig g e`momg l`rlg m` gpgrgtds qu` utoiol`c v`ct v`ctoigmdr`s oigmdr`s (`h (`h88 gor` gldcmolodcgmd, drm`cgmdr`s, `tl.) d l`rlg m` ig pu`rtg.
Luomgmds dp`rglodcgi`s.g) Luomgmds açsolds
Z`rojolgr so`epr` ig cov`ig cov`igloüc loüc m` ig agigczg agigczg utoio utoiozgcmd zgcmd `i dhd m` pdiid ocld ocldrpdrgmg rpdrgmg `c ig eose eoseg. g. M`hgr so`e so`epr` pr` ig agigczg ldc`ltgmg g ig tdeg y `cl`cmomg pgrg egct`c`r `i `quoioarod tïreold m` ids lorluot lorluotds ds `i`ltrücolds. M`hgr s so`epr` o`epr` ig agigczg `c `i edmd "stgcm ay", `votgcmd ig c`l`somgm m` cu`vd tto`epd o`epd m` lgi`ctgeo`ctd.
a) @i r`lopo`ct` m` e`momg
Psgr so`epr` `i e`cdr jrgsld m` e`momg pdsoai`. Cd usgr jrgslds piçstolds lugcmd ig ig nue`mgm `stï gaghd m`i LiC
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