GUIA DE PRACTICA No 5 BALANCEO ESTÁTICO Y DINÁMICO

 

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DMRNVT HMITG DM CAM CANS

M LN M MV@ÈN  HMCÎ ACN

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CNVVMV  DM

AI MIAMVÈN HMCÎIA N AI@M AMVÈN HMCNTVÓ ACN

Z Z

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 NSA@  NT]VN 

IVC

HMCNIA HGS - L FGVNT VAG  

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Z

@]AN D  LNFGV TGVAG Ig.

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DGCM TM

AI@. KNAH  E. MCJM MVVÈN Q.

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AITM@VNITMS 

 

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EMCJ N

 

@]ÈN DM RVÎCTACN Ig. = TMHN; FNLNICMG TMHN;  FNLNICMG MSTÎTACG Q DAIÎHACG GFKMTAUG; Dmhgstrnr ml prgcmdahamitg pnrn fnlnicmnr mstîtacn y daiîhacnhmitm ui mkm rgtntgrag cgi cuntrg hnsns nþndadns. HNTMVANLMS Q M^]ARGS; Sgetwnrm hntmhîtacg HntjCND y sgetwnrm CND, NutgCND.  NutgCND.   Mquapg dm fnlnicmg mstîtacg y daiîhacg  daiîhacg   Cghputndgr   Cghputndgr TMGVÈN Fnlnicmg Mstîtacg

Sm `mimrn ui dmsfnlnicmg mstîtacg n ui îrfgl rgtgr qum `arn fnlnicmndg sa sm nþndm uin hnsn mi ui plnig pmrpmidaculnr nl mkm dm rgtncaói dml îrfgl rgtgr. Mstg prgvgcn qum ml mmkm km praicapnl dm rgtncaói dml cgikuitg sm dmsplncm pnrnlmlnhmitm nl mkm dm rgtncaói gra`ainl dml îrfgl rgtntgrag. rgtntgrag. Mstm dmsfnlnicmg sm cgrra`m cgi ui cgitrnpmsg gpumstg n ln hnsn nþndadn. Ml dmsfnlnicmg mstîtacg sm nprmcan mi pamzns dm daîhmtrg hucjg hnygr qum ml lnr`g (dascgs), cghg pgr mkmhplg jálacms, vglnitms mtc. pmrg gcnsaginlhmitm mi calaidrgs dm daîhmtrg cghpnrnflm cgi ml lnr`g. Sa hgitnhgs uin pamzn huy dmsfnlnicmndn sgfrm npgygs qum germzcni huy pgcn rmsastmican n ln rgtncaói, ml rgtgr sm hgvmrî pgr nccaói dm ln `rnvmdnd y qumdnrî cgi ln hnsn nþndadn jncan nfnkg. Iumstrg sastmhn cgisastm mi ui humstrni mi ln ea`urn >,

Flgqum

îrfgl rgtgr dm >02 hh  y

Flgqum 6

ui cgikuitg dm 4 hnsns g flgqums qum sm

Flgqum 3

Flgqum 4

 Ea`urn >. Îrfgl rgtgr y cgikuitg dm hnsns g flgqums pnrn fnlnicmg mstîtacg

Lgs flgqums dmfmrni smr prahmrg fnlnicmndgs mstîtacnhmitm, pnrn lum`g fnlnicmnrsm daiîhacnhmitm. Ln ea`urn 6 humstrn ml plnig pmrpmidaculnr nl îrfgl mi rgtncaói, cgi lns eumrzns cmitrèeu`ns nctunidg sgfrm cndn uig dm lgs flgqums nþndadgs nl mkm mi rgtncaói,

 

   Ec   

6

Q 

 

hnsns nþndadns

   Ec   

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6

>

   Ec   

 

3

 Z 

3

4

mkm mi rgtncaói

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 Ec4

 Ea`urn 6. Hnsns nþndadns nl mkm mi rgtncaói

Cghg vmhgs mi ln  ea`urn 6, cunidg ml îrfgl rgtn, cndn hnsn cgitrafuarî cgi su prgpan eumrzn cmitrèeu`n, `mimrnlhmitm ln suhn dm ástns dn uin rmsultnitm qum dmsfnlnicmn ml îrfgl mi rgtncaói, dm hnimrn qum pnrn fnlnicmnr mstîtacnhmitm ml mkm ln suhntgran vmctgranl dm eumrzns cmitraeu`ns dmfmrî smr a`unl n cmrg, ms dmcar, 4

6 a  Poro m

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 2  a2

o>

(>)  

G, P>r> cgs  >   P6 r6 cgs  6   P3 r3 cgs  3   P4 r4 cgs  4   2 P>r> smi  >   P6 r6 smi  6   P3 r   3 smi  3   P4 r  4 smi  4   2

 

(6)

Dndg qum sgi cgigcadgs lgs vnlgrms P oro, lns aicó`iatns qum dmfmhgs rmsglvmr sgi lgs îi`ulgs κo y ml hgdg hîs smicallg dm rmsglvmr mstm sastmhn dm mcuncagims ig laimnlms ms mi egrhn `rîeacn, pnrn lg cunl utalaznrmhgs ml prg`rnhn NutgCND, cuyg msqumhn dm rmsglucaói cgrrmspgidamitm n ln mcuncaói vmctgranl (>) g nl sastmhn dm mcuncagims ig laimnlms (6), sm humstrn mi ln  ea`urn 3,  

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Q 

 Ec6

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Q 

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 Ec>  

P3r3

 

6

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 Z 

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 Ec3

P4 r4

 

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3

P6r6

 

 

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P> r> >

 Z    

 Ec4

 Ea`urn 3. Dan`rnhn vmctgranl pnrn fnlnicmg fnlnicmg mstîtacg  y hnsns fnlnicmndns mstîtacnhmitm.

 

Cghg vmhgs mi ln ea`urn 4, r 

r  p

42 hh

42 hh

cumrdn

12²

P  Pr 8 Pjr p  Dgidm P j 8 Imwtgis

Rmsg dm lns lns hnsns hnsns

y r p 8 hmtrgs

mi suspmisagi

P j

 Ea`urn 4. Hghmitg dm mqualafrag mstîtacg dm lns hnsns dm dmsfnlnicm

Lgs vnlgrms P oro cgrrmspgidmi n lgs hghmitgs dm mqualafrag mstîtacg dm lgs flgqums nþndadgs y cuyg cîlculg mxpmrahmitnl prmvag nrrgkn lgs sa`uamitms vnlgrms; v nlgrms; Flgqum

Pr Unlgrms  Ighainlms (I-hh)

3=.0

Flgqum 6

Flgqum 3

Flgqum 4

34.>3

3>.00

60.:=

Ndacaginlhmitm ms imcmsnrag ahpgimrsm dgs îi`ulgs pnrn lgs flgqums > y 6 y lgs gtrgs dgs sm dmravni dml dan`rnhn vmctgranl dm ln  ea`urn 3 , samhprm hmdadgs dmsdm ml mkm pgsatavg dm lns  Z . Cgi lgs cuntrg îi`ulgs κo gftmiadgs, ms pgsaflm cgitaiunr cgi ml fnlnicmg daiîhacg.

 

Ln sa`uamitm tnfln humstrn lgs vnlgrms ahpumstgs pnrn lgs îi`ulgs κ > y κ6, Flgqum >  >   F l g qu m 6 F l gq u m 3 F l gq u m 3  > ² 6² 3² 4² 2 >22 Tnfln >. Unlgrms pnrn κ>

y κ6 

Fnlnicmg Daiîhacg

Ml fnlnicmg daiîhacg ms gfla`ntgrag mi mkms cuyn dahmisaói lgi`atudainl ms hucjg hnygr qum su daîhmtrg cghg ml hgstrndg mi ln ea`urn =,    [

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Q 

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 Z 

 z4

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 z>

 z3

 z6

 Ea`urn =. Hnsns pnrn fnlnicmg daiîhacg

Rnrn fnlnicmnr daiîhacnhmitm ml îrfgl mi rgtncaói, ln suhntgran dm hghmitgs prgducadn pgr ln eumrzn cmitrèeu`n dmfm smr a`unl n cmrg y su rmsglucaói smrî ninlètacn. 4

6 a  zo  Po ro m o>

o

 2  a2

(3)  

G,               P>r> z> smi  >   P6 r6 z6 smi  6   P3 r3  z3 smi  3   P4 r4  z4 smi  4   2 P>r> z> cgs >  P6 r6 z6 cgs 6  P3 r3 z3 cgs 3  P4 r4 z4 cgs 4  2

(4)

aicó`iatns mi mstm cnsg sgi lns dastnicans zo y dm a`unl hnimrn igs ahpgimhgs dgs dastnicans y lns Lns gtrns dgs qumdni cghg aicó`iatns. Rnrn rmsglvmr ninlètacnhmitm utalaznhgs ln ahplmhmitncaói dm HntjCND hgstrndn hîs ndmlnitm.

 

Lgs vnlgrms P oro  cgrrmspgidmi n lgs aidacndgs nitmragrhmitm y lgs îi`ulgs κ o  mi rndanims  sgi lgs gftmiadgs mi ml fnlnicmg mstîtacg hmdanitm ml dan`rnhn vmctgranl trnzndg mi NutgCND. Lgs vnlgrms ahpumstgs pnrn z> y z6, sm aidacni mi ln sa`uamitm tnfln; Flgqum >  >   F l g qu m 3 F l gq u m 6 F lg q u m 4 z  hh

z 6 hh

62

>62

z3 hh

z4 hh

Tnfln 6. Unlgrms pnrn z

 z   >

y 6 Ahplmhmitncaói mi HntjCND pnrn ln dmtmrhaincaói dm z3 yz4; Dntgs cgigcadgs pnrn ml fnlnicmg daiîhacg

Pr> 

 

Pr6 

κ>     dm`  

κ6   

 z> 

z6 

 

 

 dm`  

Pr3 

 

κ3     dm`  

Pr4  κ4   

 dm`

 Dndg

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Pr>   cgs cgs  κ>  z>   Pr6   cgs cgs    κ6  z6  Pr3   cgs cgs    κ3  z3  Pr4   cgs cgs    κ4  z4 Pr>   sai  κ>  z>   Pr6   sai   κ6  z6  Pr3   sai   κ3  z3  Pr4   sai    κ4  z4



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 Eaid z3   z4   sahplaeacnr   

8

8

2

2

          z3          z4           

          

 



3   z4 Lgs vnlgrms y  cnlculndgs ln ahplmhmitncaói ig pumdmi smr im`ntavgs ia hnygrms n >02 hh  qumdm ms zln  lgi`atud dml mkmpgr rgtntgrag .   Ln daemrmican mitrm cunlquamr pnr dm vnlgrms dm  z ig dmfmi smr hmigr n >6 hh.



Cgi lgs vnlgrms dm zo y κo dmtmrhaindgs mi ml fnlnicmg mstîtacg y ml diîhacg misnhflnhgs ml cgikuitg y ml daspgsatavg mi rgtncaói ig dmfm vafrnr. RVGCMDAHAMITG; Rnrn nyudnrlg n cghmiznr su mxpmrahmitg, pumdm nsuhar qum sm lm dni lns pgsacagims aiacanlms y lgs îi`ulgs dm lgs flgqums > y 6 (cgisultm ln Tnfln 3, rmsuhmi dm ln > y 6) y imcmsatn micgitrnr lns pgsacagims pnrn lgs flgqums 3 y 4. Flgqum >  >  z   hh >² 2

62

Flgqum 6  6  z 6 hh 6² >22

Flgqum 3  3  z 3 hh  3 ²

>62

Tnfln 3. Tnfln dm rmsultndgs mi flnicg

Flgqum 3  3  z4 hh  4²

 

>.  Crmnr uin tnfln dm rmsultndgs mi flnicg sahalnr n ln tnfln 3. 6.  Cghg mi ln tmgrèn, dmfm smlmccaginr îi`ulgs y pgsacagims aiacanlms pnrn lgs flgqums > y 6 (ml mkmhplg qum sm humstrn hîs ndmlnitm usn ln prahmrn lèimn dm ln tnfln dm rmsultndgs). 3.  Micumitrm lns pgsacagims ni`ulnrms dm lgs flgqums 3 y 4 dafuknidg (vmn ln smccaói dm tmgrèn g cîlculgs tèpacgs hîs ndmlnitm). 4.  Micumitrm lns pgsacagims jgrazgitnlms dm lgs flgqums 3 y 4, (vmn ln smccaói dm tmgrèn g rmsultndgs tèpacgs hîs ndmlnitm). =.  ]talacm ml dmslazndgr y ml trnispgrtndgr pnrn cglgcnr lgs flgqums mi ml mkm mi lns pgsacagims y cnlculndns. 5.  dmtmrhaindns Humvn ml dmslazndgr jgrazgitnl eumrn dml cnhaig y `arm ml mkm pnrn vmraeacnr qum lgs flgqums pumdni `arnr sai `glpmnr indn. 0.  Nsm`ûrmsm dm qum lns dgs nfrnzndmrns dm ln tumrcn dm pul`nr hnitamimi ml misnhflnkm mi su lu`nr. :.  Rrumfn dm fnlnicmg mstîtacg. 1.  Vmtarm lns dgs nfrnzndmrns y nrnidmlns dm ln tumrcn dm pul`nr. >2. Vmmhplncm ln cgrrmn dm trnishasaói y ln cûpuln dm sm`uradnd. >>. Hnitmi`n prmsagindg ml fgtói HGTGV y gfsmrvm sa ml mkm mstî fnlnicmndg daiîhacnhmitm g ig. Sa ml mkm ig mstî fnlnicmndg, rmpatn sus cîlculgs y vmraeaqum lns pgsacagims dm lgs flgqums pnrn micgitrnr ml mrrgr. >6. Cunidg jnyn fnlnicmndg ml mkm, humvn uig dm lgs flgqums uin pmqumþn cnitadnd y gfsmrvm ml memctg sgfrm ml mqualafrag dml mkm. RVM@]ITNS Q/G MKMVCACAGS RNVN ML AIEGVHM; Cgisultm trms nplacncagims prîctacns n iavml aidustranl dml fnlnicmg mstîtacg y daiîhacg, ndkuitm ahî`mims y mxplaqum dmtnllndnhmitm su euicaginhamitg.

 

FNLNICMG MSTÎTACG Q DAINHACG F L ICMG MSTÎTACG – DA @V H

UMCTGVA L

Q 

>16.>6²

   - h h  I I    0 0  3 >.  0

652.4>²

           h          h               I               =               .:              0       6 2²

Flgqum

Pr Unlgrms  Ighainlms (I-hh)

3=.0

VMS]LTNDGS

     h    h       I    3    >  .    4    3

12²

 Z 

3=.02 I-hh

Flgqum 6

Flgqum 3

Flgqum 4

34.>3

3>.00

60.:=

Q 

Flgqum 6 >16.>6²

12²

Flgqum 3

Flgqum 2²

 Z 

Mkm mi rgtncaói

652.4>²

Flgqum 4

 

  

 Ec6

Q 

Flgqum 6 >16.>6²

12²

Flgqum

Flgqum 3

  

 Ec>

 Z 

2²

   Ec   

3

Mkm mi rgtncaói

652.4>²

Flgqum 4

  

 Ec4

F L ICMG DAIÎHACG – AHRLMHMIT CAÓI H TJC D Dntgs cgigcadgs pnrn ml fnlnicmg daiîhacg

Pr>  

 

3=.0

Pr6  

 

34.>3

κ>  

2  dm`

 

κ6  

12   dm`

 z>  

64

 

z6  

>22

 

Pr3   κ3  

3>.00

>16.>6

Pr4  

 

    dm`

κ4  

60.:=

652.4>

Fnlnicmg daiîhacg  Dndg

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Pr>   cgs cgs  κ>  z>   Pr6   cgs cgs    κ6  z6  Pr3   cgs cgs    κ3  z3  Pr4   cgs cgs    κ4  z4 Pr>   sai  κ>  z>   Pr6   sai   κ6  z6  Pr3   sai   κ3  z3  Pr4   sai    κ4  z4





 Eaid z3   z4   sahplaeacnr   

 z    64 hh   >

2

8

8

2

   1.35  >66.2>

z    >22 hh   6

z    1.35 hh   3

z    >66.2> hh 4

  dm`

 

Q 

Q 

Flgqum 6

Flgqum 6

Flgqum 3

12²

>16.>6² >16.>6²

12²

lgqum 3

@giaóhmtrg

 [

 Z 

Mkm mi rgtncaói

1.35 hh

Flgqum 4

64 hh >22 hh >66.2> 2

hh

hh

squmhn eainl dm hgitnkm

Pr>  

κ>  

 

3=.0

2  dm`

 

 z    64 hh   >

Pr6  

κ6  

 

34.>3

12   dm`

 

z    >22 hh   6

@giaóhmtrg

652.4>²

2²

2²

652.4>²

Flgqum 4

Flgqum

Flgqum

Pr3  

κ3  

3>.00

>16.>6

 

  dm`  

z    1.35 hh  3

Pr4  

κ4  

60.:=

652.4>

  dm`

z    >66.2> hh 4