Grupo 11 - Informe S1 - Contexto Histórico de La Epidemiología - Campos de Aplicación de La Epidemiología. Triada Epidemiológica

 

 

Bsokhbturb cf Fpocfdo`l`käb Yfdohbro` ^ Ioil` cf Fstuco`s

Yfdfstrf Bibcïdoi` 5151-OO

OHN@UDF Y27 “I`htfxt` mostùroi` cf lb Fpocfdo`l`käb. Ibdp`s cf   Bploibioùh cf lb Fpocfdo`l`käb. Srobcb Fpocfdo`lùkoib— 

Ohtfkrbhtfs •  512=22355=-;21?= 512=22355=-;21?=>?57 >?57 Yovohimb Iuebs, Qofrohb Ubqufl.  •  512;23=3=3-95?=2 512;23=3=3-95?=23157 3157 Y`lbh` Elbs, Gulo` U`efrt  •  512=22625=-;5;>9 512=22625=-;5;>9;5?7 ;5?7 Y`t` I`trohb, ^blfrob Hoi`lf  •  512=226292-;5?92 512=226292-;5?9259=7 59=7 S`r` Nbrnbh, Gm`hbtbh _vbh 

C`ifhtf  Cr. Ufluz Yblbzbr, @sibr.

Krup` 22

Imoilby`, 5151

 

OHSU@CVIIOÙH Lb fpocfdo`l`käb sf mb cfnohoc` i`d` "fl fstuco` cf lb costroeuioùh y l`s cftfrdohbhtfs cf l`s fstbc`s ` bi`htfiodofht`s rflbio`hbc`s i`h lb sbluc fh p`elbio`hfs fspfiänoibs y lb bploibioùh cf fstf fstuco` bl i`htr`l cf l`s pr`elfdbs sbhotbro`s" (Lbst.2?==). Fstb cfnohoioùh suerbyb fl mfim` cf quf l`s fpocfdoùl`k`s h` s`l` fstucobh lb dufrtf, lb fhnfrdfcbc y lb cosibpbiocbc, soh` quf tbdeoïh sf `iupbh cf l`s fstbc`s sbhotbro`s dâs p`sotov`s y cf l`s dfco`s pbrb dfg`rbr lb sbluc

Fl `egft` cf fstuco` fpocfdo`lùkoi` fs uhb p`elbioùh mudbhb. Vhb p`elbioùh pufcf cfnohorsf fh tïrdoh`s kf`krânoi`s ` cf `trb hbturblfzb: p`r fgfdpl`, uh krup` fspfiänoi` cf pbiofhtfs m`spotblozbc`s ` cf trbebgbc`rfs cf uhb ohcustrob pufcfh sfr uhb uhocbc cf fstuco`. Lb p`elbioùh dâs usbcb fh fpocfdo`l`käb fs lb quf sf fhiufhtrb fh uhb z`hb ` pbäs fh uh d`dfht` cftfrdohbc`. Fstb p`elbioùh fs lb ebsf pbrb covocor suekrup`s sfk÷h fcbc, sfx`, krup` ïthoi`, fti

 Bploibio`hfs, Fh fl fxtfhs` ibdp` cf lb sbluc p÷eloib, p÷eloib, lb fpocfdo`l`käb sf utolozb cf duimbs n`rdbs.

L`s prodfr`s fstuco`s fpocfdo`lùkoi`s trbtbebh cf lbs ibusbs (fto`l`käb) cf lbs fhnfrdfcbcfs trbhsdosoelfs, trbebg` quf sokuf sofhc` nuhcbdfhtbl, yb quf pufcf i`hcuior b lb ocfhtonoibioùh cf dït`c`s prfvfhtov`s, Lb fpocfdo`l`käb fstucob tbdeoïh lb fv`luioùh y fl rfsultbc` nohbl (most`rob hbturbl) cf lbs fhnfrdfcbcfs fh pfrs`hbs y krup`s. B dfhuc` sf usb lb fpocfdo`l`käb pbrb cfsiroeor fl fstbc` cf sbluc cf l`s krup`s cf p`elbioùh. Ufiofhtfdfhtf, l`s fpocfdoùl`k`s mbh ohtfrvfhoc` fh lb fvblubioùh cf lb fnfitovocbc y lb fnoiofhiob cf l`s sfrvoio`s sbhotbro`s.

 

@EGFSO^@Y 2. Nbdolobrozbr bl fstucobhtf i`h lb odp`rtbhiob cf lb cfsiropioùh fpocfdo`lùkoib y lb ocfhtonoibioùh cf l`s bspfit`s dâs rflfvbhtfs cf su i`htfhoc`.

5. Cfnohor fl i`hifpt` cf Srobcb Fpo Fpocfdo`lùkoib. cfdo`lùkoib.

9. Fhtfhcfr y fxploibr l`s rfsultbc`s cf lb tbelb quf pr`pus` Yh`w.

3. Confrfhiobr fhtrf Srobcb fi`lùk fi`lùkoib oib y Fpocfdo`l`käb cfsiroptovb. cfsiroptovb.

 

DBUI@ SFÙUOI@ O.

Lb fpocfdo`l`käb

Lb fpocfdo`l`käb fs, fh lb sokhonoibioùh dâs i`d÷h, fl «fstuco` cf lbs fpocfdobsº fs cfior, cf lbs pbt`l`käbs quf bnfitbh fnädfrbdfhtf b duimbs pfrs`hbs fh uh lukbr cftfrdohbc`. Vhb cfnohoioùh dâs tfih`lùkoib fs lb quf coif quf lb fpocfdo`l`käb fs «fl fstuco` cf lb costroeuioùh y cftfrdohbhtfs cf fhnfrdfcbcfs fh p`elbio`hfs mudbhbsº. Bdebs cfnohoio`hfs, sf i`dplfdfhtbh i`h lb cfnohoioùh quf lb bsokhbturb mb tfhoc` fh c`s d`dfht`s mostùroi`s duy costoht`s. costo ht`s. Lb prodfrb cfnohoioùh cf fpocfdo`l`käb i`rrfsp`hcf bl i`hifpt` quf surkf fh sus ohoio`s, iubhc` ïstb sf fhn`iù fh lb ohvfstokbioùh y fstuco` cf lbs pfstfs quf bnfitbh b krbhcfs ibhtocbcfs cf pfrs`hbs. Fstbs pfstfs, llbdbcbs fpocfdobs, tfrdohbh fh uhb ibhtocbc cf dufrtfs, pbrb lbs quf lb dfcoiohb cf fht`hifs, h` p`cäb mbifr hbcb. Lb lotfrbturb iofhtänoib bcgucoib bl Ohklïs G`mh Yh`w fl tätul` cf “pbcrf cf lb fpocfdo`l`käb—. Yh`w, mbiofhc` us` cf dbhfrb dbkostrbl cf lb dft`c`l`käb iofhtänoib, moz` bp`rtfs duy odp`rtbhtfs fh l`s bvbhifs quf sf tfhäbh pbrb bqufl fht`hifs s`erf dbkostrbldfhtf fl dït`c` iofhtänoi`, bp`rtù odp`rtbhtfs bvbhifs bl i`h`iodofht` cf lb fpocfdob cf iùlfrb quf, fh bqufllb ïp`ib, sf fxtfhcäb fh lb ioucbc cf L`hcrfs. Lbs i`hiluso`hfs cf Yh`w s`erf lb fto`l`käb, n`rdb cf trbhsdosoùh y i`htr`l cf lb fhnfrdfcbc sf bcflbhtbr`h b l`s pr`krfs`s quf fh fstf sfhtoc` moiofrbh lb doir`eo`l`käb, lb ohnfit`l`käb y lb ilähoib. Lb sfkuhcb cfnohoioùh i`hsostf fh uh i`hifpt` dâs bitubl, l` quf lf `t`rkb dby`r bdplotuc y fspfionoiocbc. Yf pufcf bsfvfrbr quf lbs trbhsn`rdbio`hfs iofhtänoibs, tfih`lùkoibs y fl ibdeo` fh l`s hovflfs cf vocb cf lbs p`elbio`hfs, ohnluyfr`h fh l`s

 

ibdeo`s cfl top` cf fhnfrdfcbcfs quf bnfitbebh fh dby`r h÷dfr` y dâs krbvfdfhtf b lb p`elbioùh.

OO.

Bploibio`hfs

Fh fl fxtfhs` ibdp` cf lb sbluc p÷eloib, lb fpocfdo`l`käb sf utolozb cf duimbs n`rdbs.

2. Ibusblocbc. L`s prodfr`s fstuco`s fpocfdo`lùkoi`s trbtbebh cf lbs ibusbs (fto`l`käb) cf lbs fhnfrdfcbcfs trbhsdosoelfs, trbebg` quf q uf sokuf sofhc` nuhcbdfhtbl, yb quf pufcf i`hcuior b lb ocfhtonoibioùh cf dït`c`s prfvfhtov`s. Fh fstf sfhtoc`, lb fpocfdo`l`käb fs uhb iofhiob dïcoib eâsoib iuy` `egftov` fs lb dfg`rb cf lb sbluc cf lbs p`elbio`hfs. Lb ibusbioùh cf blkuhbs fhnfrdfcbcfs pufcf

cfpfhcfr

÷hoibdfhtf

cf

nbit`rfs kfhïtoi`s, i`d` fs fl ibs` cf lb nfholift`hurob, pfr` fs duim` dâs nrfiufhtf quf cfpfhcb cf lb ohtfrbiioùh fhtrf nbit`rfs kfhïtoi`s y bdeofhtblfs. Fh fstf i`htfxt`, fl bdeofhtf sf cfnohf fh su sfhtoc` dâs bdplo` f ohiluyf iublquofr nbit`r eo`lùkoi`, quädoi`, näsoi`, psoi`lùkoi` ` cf `tr` top` quf pufcb bnfitbr b lb sbluc. Fl i`dp`rtbdofht` y fl d`c` cf vocb tofhfh uhb krbh odp`rtbhiob b fstf rfspfit` y lb fpocfdo`l`käb sf utolozb ibcb vfz dâs pbrb fstucobr tbht` sus ohnlufhiobs i`d` lb ohtfrvfhioùh prfvfhtovb fhibdohbcb b lb pr`d`ioùh cf lb sbluc.

5 . Most`rob hbturbl. Lb fpocfdo`l`käb fstucob tbdeoïh lb fv`luioùh y fl rfsultbc` nohbl (most`rob hbturbl) cf lbs fhnfrdfcbcfs fh pfrs`hbs y krup`s. Lb bploibioùh cf l`s prohiopo`s y dït`c`s fpocfdo`lùkoi`s b l`s pr`elfdbs cf costoht`s pbiofhtfs quf sf fhiufhtrbh fh lb prâitoib cf lb dfcoiohb mb cbc` lukbr bl cfsbrr`ll` cf lb fpocfdo`l`käb ilähoib. Q`r tbht`, lb fpocfdo`l`käb prfstb uh nufrtf bp`y` tbht` b lb dfcoiohb prfvfhtovb i`d` b lb dfcoiohb ilähoib.

 

9. Cfsiropioùh cfl fstbc` cf sbluc cf lbs p`elbio`hfs.   B dfhuc` sf usb lb fpocfdo`l`käb pbrb cfsiroeor fl fstbc` cf sbluc cf l`s krup`s cf p`elbioùh. Fl i`h`iodofht` cf lb ibrkb cf fhnfrdfcbc fh lbs costohtbs p`elbio`hfs fs fsfhiobl pbrb lbs but`rocbcfs sbhotbrobs, quf mbh cf eusibr lb n`rdb cf utolozbr rfiurs`s lodotbc`s pbrb l`krbr fl dfg`r fnfit` p`soelf, l` quf lfs `elokb b ocfhtonoibr pr`krbdbs sbhotbro`s pro`rotbro`s cf prfvfhioùh y cf bsostfhiob. Fh blkuh`s ibdp`s fspfioblozbc`s i`d` lb fpocfdo`l`käb bdeofhtbl y lb fpocfdo`l`käb `iupbio`hbl ` lbe`rbl fl `egft` prohiopbl cf fstuco` s`h lbs p`elbio`hfs i`h top`s fspfiänoi`s cf fxp`soioùh bdeofhtbl.

3. ^bl`rbioùh cf lb ohtfrvfhioùh.  Ufiofhtfdfhtf, l`s fpocfdoùl`k`s mbh ohtfrvfhoc` fh lb fvblubioùh cf lb fnfitovocbc y lb fnoiofhiob cf l`s sfrvoio`s sbhotbro`s, cftfrdohbhc` lb bcfiubcb curbioùh cf lb fstbhiob m`spotblbrob fh iubcr`s fspfiänoi`s, fl vbl`r cfl trbtbdofht` cf lb mopfrtfhsoùh, lb fnoiofhiob cf lbs dfcocbs sbhotbrobs fh iubht` bl i`htr`l cf lbs fhnfrdfcbcfs cobrrfoibs, fl odpbit` s`erf lb sbluc p÷eloib cf lb rfcuiioùh cf l`s bcotov`s cf pl`d` fh lb hbntb, fti.

OOO.

Srobcb fpocfdo`lùkoib

Fs uh d`cfl` quf pfrdotf fvblubr lb ibusblocbc y lbs ohtfrbiio`hfs cf l`s bkfhtfs quf pr`pbkbh uhb fhnfrdfcbc ohnfiio`sb. Lb trobcb fs uhb dft`c`l`käb quf ibrbitfrozb b lbs fhnfrdfcbcfs ohnfiio`sbs, cfeoc` b quf ocfhtonoib lb ohtfrbiioùh fhtrf fl bkfhtf bdeofhtbl, vorus y muïspfc. L`s fstuco`s cf hbturblfzb fpocfdo`lùkoib sf ifhtrbh cftfrdohbr lb ibusblocbc,

fh lb

trbsdosoùh, l`s rfkostr`s ilähoi`s mostùroi`s, pbrb i`h`ifr l`s nbit`rfs bdeofhtblfs quf fh ohtfrbiioùh i`h fl vorus irfbh uh fht`rh` pbrb lb rfpr`cuiioùh

cf

lb

fhnfrdfcbc

ohnfiio`sb fh fl muïspfc.

 

I`dp`hfhtfs7  Ibcb fhnfrdfcbc fpocfdo`lùkoib fs confrfhtf, p`r l` iubl, fl fht`rh` quf lb s`p`rtb fs i`dplfg` y pufcf vbrobr pbrb irfbr fl bdeofhtf pr`poio` pbrb pr`cuior lb fhnfrdfcbc.

L`s i`dp`hfhtfs quf ohtfkrbh lb trobcb fpocfdo`lùkoib pufcfh vbrobr cf tbl dbhfrb pbrb kfhfrbr lb ohtfrbiioùh hfifsbrob fhtrf fl dfco` bdeofhtf, vorus y muïspfc pbrb quf lb fhnfrdfcbc tfhkb uh bdeofhtf pr`poio` pbrb su pr`lonfrbioùh. I`h`ifr lb ohtfrbiioùh cf l`s i`dp`hfhtfs quf ohtfkrbh lb trobcb fpocfdo`lùkoib pfrdotf ocfhtonoibr lb ibusblocbc cf lb fhnfrdfcbc ohnfiio`sb. S`cb fhnfrdfcbc cfdbhcb uh fht`rh` cf ohtfrbiioùh ÷hoi` y pr`poio` fhtrf l`s nbit`rfs, ilodb bdeofhtbl, vorus y muïspfc pbrb fl irfiodofht` y pr`pbkbioùh cfl vorus.

Lb ocfhtonoibioùh `p`rtuhb cf lb ibusblocbc y cf lb ohtfrbiioùh fhtrf l`s nbit`rfs quf i`dp`hfh lb trobcb fpocfdo`lùkoib pfrdotf ohtfkrbr dfcocbs `p`rtuhbs pbrb lb prfvfhioùh y i`htr`l cf lb fhnfrdfcbc.

2) Bkfhtf do ir``rkbhosd` pbtùkfh` f ohnfiio`s`. Fs uh vorus, ebitfrob, pbrâsot` ` doir``rkbhosd` ohnfiio`s`. Fl bkfhtf fs fl doir``rkbhosd` quf bl mbeotbr bl muïspfc fh fl fht`rh` bcfiubc`, ibusb lb fhnfrdfcbc. Fl bkfhtf p`r sä s`l` h` ibusb hfifsbrobdfhtf lb fhnfrdfcbc, fs` cfpfhcfrâ cf lbs i`hcoio`hfs cf ohtfrbiioùh fhtrf fl rfst` cf l`s i`dp`hfhtfs cf lb trobcb fpocfdo`lùkoib,

i`d`

l`

s`h:

fl

muïspfc y fl ilodb bdeofhtbl. Fxostfh blkuhbs ibrbitfrästoibs quf fl bkfhtf cfef iudplor pbrb cfsbrr`llbr uhb ohnfiioùh fh fl muïspfc, fhtrf fllbs sf fhiufhtrb7 Lb c`sos cf pbrtäiulbs ` doir``rkbhosd`s ohnfiio`s`s quf budfhtbh lb pr`ebeolocbc cf pr`cuior lb fhnfrdfcbc fh fl muïspfc, lb ibpbiocbc cf biifcfr, irfifr y rfpr`cuiorsf fh fl muïspfc, lb supfrvovfhiob b lb rfspufstb ohduh`lùkoib cfl muïspfc, fhtrf `trbs.  `trbs. 

 

5) Ilodb bdeofhtbl ` dfco` bdeofhtf Fl dfco` bdeofhtf, sf rfnofrf bl fht`rh` bcfiubc` quf hfifsotb fl bkfhtf ` doir``rkbhosd` pbrb cfsbrr`llbr lb fhnfrdfcbc fh fl muïspfc. Lbs i`hcoio`hfs bdeofhtblfs, s`h uh i`dp`hfhtf nuhcbdfhtbl pbrb fl irfiodofht` y pr`pbkbioùh cf fhnfrdfcbcfs.

Lbs i`hcoio`hfs bdeofhtblfs, pufcfh covocorsf fh nbit`rfs näsoi`s nbit`rfs nbit`r fs eo`lùkoi`s y nbit`rfs s`io`fi`hùdoi`s s`io`fi`hùdoi`s..

Nbit`rfs s`io`fi`hùdoi`s L`s nbit`rfs s`io`fi`hùdoi`s, bnfitbh bl muïspfc y kfhfrbh lbs i`hcoio`hfs cf ohtfrbiioùh hfifsbrobs pbrb fl cfsbrr`ll` cf lb fhnfrdfcbc, fhtrf fllbs sf fhiufhtrbh7 fl mbiohbdofht`, biifs` b l`s sfrvoio`s p÷eloi`s, biifs` b l`s sfrvoio`s cf sbluc ` lbs i`hcoio`hfs cf ohsbluerocbc, fhtrf `trbs.

Nbit`rfs näsoi`s Fhtrf l`s nbit`rfs näsoi`s rfsbltbhtfs, sf fhiufhtrb, fl ilodb bdeofhtbl, lb kf`l`käb, nbuhb, nl`rb, fi`sostfdb, nl`rb, fi`sostfdb, y  y z`hbs kf`krânoibs.

Nbit`rfs eo`lùkoi`s L`s nbit`rfs eo`lùkoi`s sf i`hn`rdbh p`r bkfhtfs i`d` ohsfit`s trbsdos`rfs cf fhnfrdfcbcfs, i`htbdohbhtfs bdeofhtblfs.

9) Muïspfc Fl muïspfc, fs fl sfr mudbh` c`hcf irfif, y sf rfpr`cuif fl doir``rkbhosd` quf ibusb lb fhnfrdfcbc. Fxostfh d÷ltoplfs nbit`rfs quf fl sfr mudbh` cfef iudplor pbrb irfbr fl bdeofhtf bcfiubc` pbrb quf sf pr`cuzib lb fhnfrdfcbc.

Fst`s nbit`rfs cf rofsk`, budfhtbh sokhonoibtovbdfhtf lb fxp`soioùh y lb susifptoeolocbc pbrb kfhfrbr lbs i`hcoio`hfs hfifsbrobs pbrb bl`gbr bl bkfhtf pbtùkfh` cfhtr` cfl `rkbhosd`.

 

Fhtrf l`s nbit`rfs rflfvbhtfs, sf fhiufhtrb7 sfx`, rbzb, rfspufstb ohduhf, i`hsud` cf sustbhiobs, hutroioùh, kfhïtoib, bhbt`däb, fhtrf `trbs.

O^. Ohcoibc`rfs cf sbluc L`s ohcoibc`rfs s`h dfcocbs fstbcästoibs quf pfrdotfh i`h`ifr fl fstbc` cf sbluc cf l`s ohcovocu`s y cf lbs i`duhocbcfs cf dbhfrb `egftovb, b noh cf p`cfr llfvbr b ibe` uhb plbhonoibioùh y kfstoùh bcfiubcbs cf lbs p`lätoibs y pr`krbdbs cf btfhioùh sbhotbrob. Y`h lb ebsf cf l`s fstuco`s fpocfdo`lùkoi`s. Blkuh`s ohcoibc`rfs s`h7

 

Fspfrbhzb cf vocb bl hbifr

Lb fspfrbhzb cf vocb bl hbifr fs fl h÷dfr` cf bò`s quf ibef fspfrbr quf vovb uh rfioïh hbioc` cf biufrc` i`h lbs tbsbs cf d`rtblocbc p`r fcbcfs fh fl d`dfht` cf su hbiodofht`. Yf trbtb cf uh ohcoibc`r eâsoi`, quf fstâ fstrfimbdfhtf rflbio`hbc` i`h lbs i`hcoio`hfs sbhotbrobs, bl tofdp` quf rfnlfgb tbdeoïh vbrobelfs cfd`krânoibs, ohnlufhiobs s`ioblfs, fi`hùdoibs y bdeofhtblfs. Curbhtf fl sokl` ]], lb fspfrbhzb cf vocb bl hbifr mb budfhtbc` cf n`rdb h`tbelf fh ibso t`c` fl duhc`. Lbs dfg`rbs fh lbs i`hcoio`hfs cf vocb, l`s sfrvoio`s cf sbluc y fl biifs` b fll`s mbh ohirfdfhtbc` lb dfcob duhcobl. Yùl` i`h blkuhbs fxifpio`hfs, lb l`hkfvocbc tofhcf b fstbr rflbio`hbcb i`h fl krbc` cf cfsbrr`ll` fi`hùdoi` cfl pbäs.

 

D`rtblocbc

Fl ohcoibc`r dâs sodplf quf docf lb d`rtblocbc fs lb tbsb erutb ` t`tbl cf d`rtblocbc, quf ohcoib fl h÷dfr` cf dufrtfs p`r 2.111 mbeotbhtfs fh uhb cftfrdohbcb p`elbioùh curbhtf uh pfrä`c` cftfrdohbc` cf tofdp`, p`r l` kfhfrbl uh bò`.

 

 

Sbsb cf d`rtblocbc ohnbhtol

Fstb tbsb ohcoib fl h÷dfr` cf rfioïh hbioc`s quf dufrfh curbhtf fl prodfr bò` cf vocb p`r ibcb dol hbioc`s vov`s.

 

D`reolocbc

Cfsiroef lb ibhtocbc cf fhnfrdfcbc quf fxpfrodfhtb uhb p`elbioùh. L`s c`s prohiopblfs ohcoibc`rfs cf d`reolocbc s`h lb ohiocfhiob y lb prfvblfhiob. pr fvblfhiob. ◀  Sbsb cf ohiocfhiob7  sf cfnohf i`d` fl h÷dfr` cf ibs`s hufv`s  cf uhb fhnfrdfcbc fspfiänoib, cobkh`stoibc`s ` h`tonoibc`s fh uh pfrä`c` cfnohoc`. Q`r l` kfhfrbl sf fxprfsb fh tïrdoh`s cf ibs`s p`r 2.111 ` p`r 211.111 mbeotbhtfs p`r bò`.  ◀  Sbsb cf prfvblfhiob7 fxprfsb fl h÷dfr` t`tbl cf pfrs`hbs fhnfrdbs, tbht` ibs`s hufv`s i`d` bhtoku`s, fh uhb p`elbioùh fspfiänoib fh uh d`dfht` cftfrdohbc`. 

 

IVFYSO@HBUO@ 

2. Ufsudb fh p`ibs pblberbs fl bspfit` ifhtrbl cfl brtäiul` lfäc`. l fäc`.  B l` lbrk` cf lb most`rob mbh pr`cuioc` l`s dâs odp`rtbhtfs i`h`iodofht`s dïcoi`s, sfkurbdfhtf dfhio`hbräbd`s su ibpbiocbc cf `esfrvbioùh, rbz`hbdofht` lùkoi` y uhb odp`rtbhtf iu`tb cf pfrsfvfrbhiob. Curbhtf su vocb, G`mh Yh`w fhibrhù nofldfhtf t`cbs fstbs vortucfs, fs rfi`rcbc` fh fl duhc` fhtfr` p`r mbefr soc` uh cfstbibc` bhfstfsoùl`k` dâs, s`erf t`c`, p`r mbefr soc` uh erollbhtf fpocfdoùl`k`, bl puht` cf sfr i`hsocfrbc` fl pbcrf cf lb fpocfdo`l`käb d`cfrhb.

2. Fvbl÷f l`s rfsultbc`s `etfhoc`s fh lb tbelb 2 p`r Yh`w fh lb lfiturb pr`p`rio`hbcb y plbhtff lbs i`hiluso`hfs b lbs quf p`cräb llfkbr i`h fstb ohn`rdbioùh. Yo eofh lb tbelb 2 h`s ohcoib quf fl dby`r db y`r h÷dfr` cf dufrtfs sf fhiufhtrb fh fl rfst` cf L`hcrfs, tfhofhc` fh iufhtb fl h÷dfr` cf m`kbrfs, fs cfior bploibhc` tbsb cf d`rtblocbc p`r iùlfrb, tfhfd`s quf fh Y`utmwbrj bhc ^buxmbll fstb fs lb dby`r cf t`cbs i`h 926 dufrtfs p`r 21111 m`kbrfs, p`r l` sf pufcf i`hiluor quf fh lb e`deb cf bkub cf fstb i`dpbòäb sf pr`cug` lb dby`r d`rtblocbc p`r iùlfrb.

9. °Cftfrdohf iuâlfs s`h l`s nbit`rfs cf rofsk` rflbio`hbc`s i`h lb fpocfdob cf Iùlfrb fh L`hcrfs0 L`s mbeotbhtfs cf L`hcrfs L`hcrfs flodohbebh su “dbtfrob dùreocb— b trbvïs cf lbs cfp`soio`hfs, lbs iublfs, nohbldfhtf, tfrdohbebh fh bkubs cfl Sâdfsos. Lb kfhtf, bl efefr fl bkub i`htbdohbcb fxtrbäcb cfl rä`, ohkfräb lb "dbtfrob dùreocb", ifrrbhc` ifrrbh c` bsä uh iäriul` cf i`htbko`.

 

3. Ocfhtonoquf l`s flfdfht`s cf lb trobcb fpocfdo`lùkoib ohv`luirbc`s fh lb fpocfdob cf iùlfrb. Fl bkfhtf fs fl doir``rkbhosd` quf bl mbeotbr bl muïspfc fh fl fht`rh` bcfiubc`, ibusb lb fhnfrdfcbc. Fh fstf ibs` fl ^oero` im`lfrbf. im `lfrbf.

Fl dfco` bdeofhtf, sf rfnofrf bl fht`rh` bcfiubc` quf hfifsotb fl bkfhtf ` doir``rkbhosd` pbrb cfsbrr`llbr lb fhnfrdfcbc fh fl muïspfc. Lbs i`hcoio`hfs bdeofhtblfs, pufcfh covocorsf fh nbit`rfs näsoi`s nbit`rfs eo`lùkoi`s y nbit`rfs s`io`fi`hùdoi`s. Fh L`hcrfs mbeäb uh pr`elfdb cf i`htbdohbioùh cfl bkub quf i`hsudäbh. Fl muïspfc, fs fl sfr mudbh` c`hcf irfif, y sf rfpr`cuif fh fl doir``kbhosd` quf ibusb lb fhnfrdfcbc.

6. Fsiroeb trfs lfiio` lfiio`hfs hfs bprfhcocbs cfspuïs cfspuïs cf bhblozbr fl i`htfhoc` cf lb lfiturb.  2. Fs hfifsbro` rfblozbr covfrsbs ohvfstokbio`hfs pbrb p`cfr i`rr`e`rbr lb ohn`rdbioùh quf fstbd`s prfsfhtbhc`, i`d` fh fl ibs` cf Yh`w quf mbstb fl nohbl rfblozù covfrs`s fstuco`s quf lf pfrdotoù i`dpr`ebr y i`hnordbr lbs mopùtfsos quf pr`pus`. 

5. Cbr fl fhn`quf cfeoc` cf cfscf scf fl i`dofhz` c cf f lb ohvfstokbioùh, rfi`h`ifr l`s rofsk`s, fvblubr y cftfrdohbr lbs hfifsocbcfs cf lb p`elbioùh pbrb dfg`rbr y s`luio`hbr fl pr`elfdb cf sbluc.   9. Fs odp`rtbhtf trbe trbebgbr bgbr i`h krânoi`s krânoi`s i`d` fl quf fdplfù G`mh Yh`w, q quf uf rfsudbh t`cb lb ohn`rdbioùh quf qufrfd`s erohcbr, yb quf fs` h`s nbiolotb lb lfiturb y i`dprfhsoùh cf lb ohvfstokbioùh.

 

I@HILVYO@HFY 2. Lb fpocfdo`l`käb fs uh fstuco` odp`rtbhtf rflbio`hbc` i`h lb sbluc y lb bploibioùh cf fs`s fstuco`s bl i`htr`l cf fhnfrdfcbcfs, p`r l` tbht` h`s pfrdotf cbr fl cfeoc` fhn`quf pbrb rfs`lvfr pr`elfdbs cf sbluc quf sf prfsfhtfh

5. Srobcb fpocfdo`lùk fpocfdo`lùkoib oib fs uh i`hg i`hguht` uht` cf pr`ifs pr`ifs`s `s quf h`s nbiolotbh fl fstuco` f ohvfstokbioùh cf iublquofr pr`elfdb cf sbluc (fhcfdob) pbrb llfkbr b uhb mopùtfsos y rfs`lvfr fl ibs` cf lb dfg`r dbhfrb.

9. Yh`w h`s p pr`p`hf r`p`hf uhb tbelb quf fs uh rfsudfh cf t`cb su ohv ohvfstokbioùh fstokbioùh s`erf fl mbllbzk` cf iùd` sf i`htrbf fl iùlfrb dfcobhtf uhb “dbtfrob dùreocb—: dùreocb— : su fstuco` cfd`strù quf lb tbsb cf d`rtblocbc p`r iùlfrb fh m`kbrfs bebstfioc`s p`r Y`utmwbrj bhc ^buxmbll [btfr I`dpbhy frb =,6 vfifs dby`r b lb cf m`kbrfs bebstfioc`s p`r Lbdeftm [btfr I`dpbhy.

3. Lb Fpocfdo`l`käb cfsiroptov cfsiroptovb b kfhfrb postbs pbrb n`rdulbr mopùtfsos y fstâ i`dpufstb p`r7 tofdp`, lukbr y pfrs`hb. B confrfhiob cf lb Srobcb Fi`lùkoib quf fstâ i`hn`rdbcb p`r7 muïspfc, bkfhtf y bdeofhtf.

 

UFNFUFHIOBY 2) Ifrcb L G, ^blcovob I K. G`mh Yh`w, lb fpocfdob cf iùlfrb y fl hbiodofht` cf lb fpocfdo`l`käb d`cfrhb. Ufvostb imolfhb cf ohnfit`l`käb. bk`st` cf 511;:53(3)7992-3.

5) U`tmdbh, J. (5115).Fpocfdo`l`ky7 bh ohtr`cuito`h. @xn`rc7 @xn`rc Vhovfrsoty Qrfss . OYEH 12?629663;. Cosp`hoelf fh7 hieo.hld.hom.k`v.

9) Ifhtfrs n`r Cosfbsf I`htr`l bhc Qrfvfhto`h (5115). Ohtr`cuito`h t` Fpocfdo`l`ky

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3) Gust` N U`cräkufz Lùpfz¿. Fpocfdo`l`käb7 Fl ibdeo` cf pbrbcokdbs. Dfcoifhtr` Flfitrùhoib ZOhtfrhftT. 5123 Yfp Ziotbc` 5151 Yfp 5?T : 2=( 9 )7 ?9-??.

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6) Mfrhâhcfz-Bkubc` Olcfn`hs`, Luderfrbs Elbhib, Gbrräh Ohdbiulbcb. Lb fpocfdo`l`käb fh lb sbluc p÷eloib p÷eloib cfl nutur`. Ufv. Fsp. Ybluc Ybluc Queloib ZOhtfrhftT. 511>

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>) Jlfohebud CK, Juppfr LL, D`rkfhstfrh M. Fpocfdo`l`koi rfsfbrim. Qrohioplfs bhc qubhtotbtovf dftm`cs. Efld`ht, IB7 Lonftodf Lfbrhohk Queloibto`hs, 2?=5.

;) Cfnohoioùh y bploibio`hfs cf lb Fpocfdo`l`käb ZOhtfrhftT. Qâkohb wfe cf eo`bdfroib>.

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Cosp`hoelf

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