Grammar Time 2.pdf

5 ndy Jervis

I

2

Zoe , where is Brian?

4

3

I am (I'm) . you are (you're) he is (he's) she is (she's) it is (it's) we are (we're) you are (you're) they are (they're)

I am not (I'm not) you are not (you're not) he is not (he isn't) she is not (she isn't) it is not (it isn't) we are not (we aren't) you are not (you aren't they are not (they aren't)

•• Grammar corner . . . .

Am I? Are you? Is he? Is she? Is it? Are we? Are you? Are they?

Yes, you are. / No, you aren't. Yes, I am . / No, I'm not. Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. Yes, you are. / No, you aren't. Yes, we are. / No, we aren't. Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.

•

••• • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • •• To make the negative, we put not before the verb am ! is ! a re . • • •• She is not happy. They are not eight. • -=To make the question, we put the verb Am ! Is ! Are at the beginning of the • •• sentence and then the personal pronoun (I, you , he, she, it, we, they). • Is he tall? Are you hungry? • • • •• . When we speak we often use the short form of the verb. • She's not happy. They aren't eight. They're nine. • You're my friend. It's a parrot. • • When we answer 'yes' to a question, we do not use the shortened form of the verb. • • Are they friends? Yes, they are. '/ ¥es, th ~:,.·'r~. • •

•

• »

To ask who someone is, we use Who at the beginning of the q esrio .. Who are you? I'm Jenny.

•• •• • ••••••••

•

To b , per onal pronoun

Writ

th

hort form .

1 They are basketball players.

2 She is not a good singer.

3 He is not in the garden.

4 We are not fat.

S You are my friend .

6 I am not a pirate.

7 We are thirsty.

8 It is not a giraffe .

9 I am nine.

10 They are not pupils.

Choose and wr ite. Cs

are)

1 Zoe i.~ ... clever.

2 Jenny and Brian ...... cousins.

3 Dave in the garden.

4 My bike red.

hungry.

S Zoe and I 6 The clowns funny.

7 Brian and Dave ...... friends.

~ h~..i.~ . f !~~~r:·

.

Look, read and write .

1 They are boys . ~.9. ~ .~h.~ ..~ r.~.':1 :tp.!? .~ :

..

T.h~ : r.~ g! r.I.~ :

4 It's an alligator.

2 He's six.

3 She's sad.

S He's a cowboy

6 They're rollerblades.

.. ..

Form the quest ion. .Is he a p'0liceman?

1 He's a policeman.

2 They're cousins.

3 She's ten.

4 It's a kitten .

S You're sad.

6 He's hungry.

7 We're fat.

.

Write. 1 he / my best friend 2 it / an alligator ?

3 I / pretty ?

J

He's my best friend .

J

S we / happy X

4 they / pupils

6 you / thirsty ?

7 she. / your cousin ?

8 he / tall X 9 they / clever X 10 it / a parrot X

Look, ask and answer.

1 it / a car?

3 she / ugly?

. ~.~ .!~. ~..~~r.? .~~!..i~..i.~~:~:

. ~~:~..~..P.~.~~9.1.t?: .

4 he / short?

S they / cats?

6 it / a hamburger?

To be, p r onol pronouns

Look, read and write .

This is Jenny. She is my COUSin. . ...........

........... you a basketball player?

They your friends, Brian, Dave and Jenny!

Complet e. 1 . ~ :.~.~? ~ Zoe? 2 happy? 3 tall? 4 fat? 5 a teacher? 6 hungry? 7 babies? . 7 8 ..................... a singer. 9 mice? 10 a monkey?

Yes, I am .

No, they aren 't.

Yes, he is.

No, you aren 't.

Yes, she is.

No, we aren't.

Yes, they are.

. No, she isn't. Yes, they are. Yes, it is.

s

,

•

ss v s Brian, we've got a J :;::>,'-"""!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!..---:~ ""--\ lesson. Come on!

Have ~ou got a hammer?

Look! We've got a new bicycle!

4

I have got you have got

I've got you've got

I have not got you have not got

I haven't got you haven't got

Have I got? Have you got?

he has got she has got it has got

he's got she's got it's got

he has not got she has not got it has not got

he hasn't got she hasn't got it hasn't got

Has he got? Has she got? Has it got?

we have not got you have not got they have not got

we haven't got you haven't got they haven't got

Have we got? Have you got? Have they got?

we have got we've got you have got you've got they have got they've got

••

• • •

•• • •

•

E '

E '

•••• • • • •• • • • ••••••••• • • We use have got with I, you , we, and they.

With he , he and it we use has got. • She has got a brother. They have got bikes. • • To make the negative we put not after have or has . • He has not got a sister. We have not got rollerblades. • Grammar corner

• • make the question we always begin with Have or Has . Then we put the

• • e: . To personal pronoun (I, you , he , he , it, we, they) and then got. When we use a

• short we do not repeat got.

• Have answer • No, it hasn't.

you got a pet? Yes, I have. Has it got a tail? • • ••• •••••••••• •••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • ••

Have got, possessives

Write the short form .

~~.~:.~~..~.~~..~..~ .i .~.~..~~~:

1 You have got a nice bag. 2 It has got short legs. 3 She has not got a computer. 4 They have got a pet. S I have not got a cousin. 6 It has not got big eyes. 7 We have got a video camera. 8 He has got a new personal stereo.

Choose and write . have 1 2 3 4

has

!:i~~~

She It I

you got a tennis racket? got long hair. not got batteries. got brown eyes.

5 They 6 7 We 8

got three kittens. he got long arms? got a big house. she got a skateboard?

Look , ask and answer.

;

.

u~

Hjc.k ~ ¢

\ --.......

""

Zoe

1 Nick / a toy car?

4 Jenny I a teddy bear?

. ~. ~ ~..~~9.~ .~.~~ .~..~?~ .~~.~! . .~.~~ .~.~.. ~ ~ .~~ :~ : ..~.~:~ ..~.~~ .~.. ~~.~p. .~.~~:: . 2 Zoe / a radio?

5 Peter / a water pistol?

3 Dave / a camera?

6 Brian I a baseball cap?

.

Read, choose and wr ite. my his(x2) her its our their

............... eyes are beautiful!

............... bags are heavy.

His . ............ Ti-s hiIrt IS

dirty.

..

Possessive pronouns

• •

you he / she / it

ears are big.

we you they

•• Grammar corner

my your his / her / its

Corky is ............... parrot.

our

your

their

••••••• •• • •••••••••• • • We use possessive adjectives to show who something belongs to. There is always • • a noun after the possessive adjective. • • • This is her coat. Those are their skateboards. • • • • When something belongs to a man or a boy we use his . • That's • His pen is blue. • That's Adam. • Mike. His pen is black. • • • When something belongs to a woman or a girl we use her . • • That's Helen. Her jacket is red. • • • Angela. Her jacket is pink. • That's • When something belongs to an animal or a thing we use its. • That's • my cat. Its tail is short. • • •••• • • • • • • • • • • • •••••••••••••• • • • • • • • •• a>

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Hay

Ask and answer. 1 he / long arms? 2 it / batteries? 3 you / a camera? 4 they / big feet? 5 she / long hair? 6 we / small ears 7 he / a nice bedroom?

Has he got long arms'?

N 0, he hasn't .

..

Yes, Yes, No, No, Yes, Yes,

.. . .. . .. ..

Look, ask and answer.

1 Zoe / white jacket?

2 Dave and Peter / a blue basketball?

Has Zoe got a white jacket?

.................... ............ ..........................................

~:?:..~~ .~.. ~~ .~~:~ : ..~~ .~.'~ ..~~~..~ .p.i.~~)~ .~.~.~.~:. ~.~.~J~.~~~~ .!~..P.!~ .~: .

3 it / a short toil?

4 Brian / a green baseball cap?

Whose bag is this?

2

It isn't my bag!

Whose bicycle is this? It's Brian's. Whose shoes are these? They're Dave's. Whose Whose

is ... ? are ...?

It's .... They're ....

•• •

Grammar corner ••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

•

When we want to show who something belongs to we put an apostrophe and s at the end of the name. Brian's book.

•

e:>

• •

•• •

When we want to learn who something belongs to we can use Whose ... is this? Whose bicycle is this? It's Zoe's.

• •

When we want to learn who two or more things belong to, we can use Whose ... are these? Whose shoes are these? They're Brian's.

•• =-

•• • •

•• •

•• • •

•• • • •• • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •

Have got, possessives

Look and wr ite .

2 Brian / bike / orange

1 Zoe / sh irt / purple

l;.'?.ftf?..~ ,~.i.~:t?..i.~ . p..~ rp. ! ~ : ~~r. .~.~. i,r.~.. ~~ .P.~r.P.!~ :

3 Dave / shoes / yellow

,

,

4 Adam / schoolbag / green 5 Jenny / skirt / pink

6 Peter / sunglasses / blue

Choose and wr ite. ( is

are

1 Whose 2 Whose 3 Whose 4 Whose 5 Whose

it's theY're ) skirt . ~~ posters notebooks computer magazines

this? tho se? these? that? these?

It's .............. Martha 's.

.............. Peter's.

..............Adam 's.

.............. Jenny's.

.............. Zo e's.

Look, ask and answer .

1 Whos~c.~~9.1.~~ g..i.~ . :t?~.i.~r.

2 Whose

? 3 Whose

?

? 5 Whose

? 6 Whose

?

It's Adam's.

4 Whose

I

Can Great! I can sing. What can you do, Dave?

Brian can write a song and we can sing!

My chicken can play basketball!

I can you can he can she can it can we can you can they can

Question

Negative Full form

Short form

I cannot you cannot he cannot she cannot it cannot we cannot you cannot they cannot

I can't you can't he can't she can't it can't we can't you can't they can't

Can Can Can Can Can Can Can Can

I? you? he? she? it? we? you? they?

••••••••••••••••••••• • We use the verb can to say what someone or something is able or not able to do. • • •• I can play basketball. He can act. They can swim.

• • To make the negative we put not after can. Can and not are one word (ca nnot). • ;. The • short form is can't.

• • I can't ride a bike.

•• I cannot ride a bike. • • To make a question we put the verb can first, then the personal pronoun and then •

••• the main verb.

• • Can it fly? Can they walk? • Can you sing? • •• We do not repeat the main verb in short answers . • • • Can you use a computer? Yes, I can. ,f Yes, I u&e. X • •• • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• ••• • •

Grammar corner

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GaR

Read, choo e and write. can can't

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

play basketball

sing

act

Zoe

X

,/

,/

Brian

X

,/

,/

Dave and Peter

,/

X

X

Zoe ~~.~ sing and she act.

Brian play basketball.

act.

Dave and Peter Zoe play basketball.

Peter sing.

act.

Brian Dave sing.

play basketball.

Dave and Peter

Look at exercise 1 and answer .

1 2 3 4 5 6

Can Can Can Can Can Can

Zoe sing?

Brian play basketball?

Peter act?

Dave and Peter play basketball?

Zoe act? Brian sing?

Yes, she can .

...............__._-----­

Put the words in the right order.

1 2 3 4 5 6

drive I a car can't you open the door? can use she a computer can't can tennis? play they English speak can he can't they climb a tree

I can't drive a car.

13

Look, ask and answer .

1 cook

2 climb / a tree

3 carry / the boxes

2 walk

3 dance

Can she cook'? ............................................

No, she can't.

1 sleep

Match and write .

A

B

1 Can Zoe play

a bike.

2 They can 't

w rite songs?

3 Can you close

use a computer.

4 Fish can't climb

the window?

S Can Dave

tennis?

6 Cats

trees!

7We can ride

can 't fly!

Zoe ~play tennis'? 1 Can ................

.

2

.

3

..

4

.

S

.

6

.

7

..

Can

Ask and answer. 1 parrots / fly? f~.,:! .p..~.rx~~.~ .f.Iy.r. 2 you / play football?

.

.

:(~~,

3 elephants / speak English? 4 your father / d rive a car? 5 a dog / fly? 6 your mother / cook?

Read and wr ite . Brian

write songs ./

Dave

play basketball ./ , play tennis X

Zoe

ride a bike ./ , pla y football X

Corky

fly ./ , speak English ./

Dave

but he . I

........................ tenrus :

I a bike but I oo t boll. Co rk y is m et pa r ro t .

He and he

........................ English!

........................ you speak

English?

Love,

Zoe

PI r n U 5,

demonstrative pronouns

Hello, children! Those are Brian's paintings.

That's my portrait. It's awful!

Your teeth are big and your eyes are small!

They aren't glasses. They're Corky's feet!

No, they aren't. They are tomatoes.

Irregular nouns

Regular nouns Singular

Plural

Singular

Plural

Singular

Plural

book toy

books toys

potato box

potatoes boxes

church bus glass brush

churches buses glasses brushes

baby cherry knife wife

babies cherries knives wives

child man woman tooth foot mouse

children men women teeth feet mice

sheep fish

sheep fish

Grammar corner ••••••••••••••••••••• • •• • To make a noun plural we add -s at the end of the word. • •• book, books bag, bags girl, girls • we add -es. For nouns that end in -s, -x, -ss, -sh, -ch, and •• glass, • potato, potatoes glasses bus, bus es • •• For nouns that end in -y and have a consonant before the y, we leave out the y and • • -ies at the end of the word.

• add • • baby, babies cherry, cherries

• - For nouns that end in -f or -fe we leave out the f or fe and add -ves at the end of •• • word.

•• the • • leaf, lea ves wife, wives

• • nouns do not have plurals that end in -so Each of them has a different plural •

•• Some form. Sometimes the singular and the plural are the same . •

child, children foot, feet fish, fish •

•• • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • -0

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Plural nouns, d monstrative pronoun

Write . 1 skirt

skirts

10 toy

2 tree

11 policeman

3 country

12 che rry

4 beach

13 tooth

5 bag

14 baby

6 mouse

15 orange

7 party

16 child

8 monkey

17 foot

9 bush

18 sheep

Look at exercise 1. Put the plurals in the three sacks.

Write . 1 ..~9.y. 2 3 4 5

boys cakes classes sheep watches

6 7 8 9 10

keys wives sandwiches women feet

17

Corky, this is my bowl and that is your bowl!

These are my cornflakes and those are your biscu its!

1-- - - - - - - - - __

... and this is your homework!

this that

+

is

these those

+

are

•• Grammar corner •••••••••••

•

• =>To talk about something or someone that is near us

•• • •

we use the demonstrative pronoun this. To talk about something or someone that is further away from us, we use the demonstrative pronoun that .

• •• •• •

•• =- The plural of this is these. The plural of that is tho e . •

•• • •

• • • • •

• • • • • •

•

We use a singular noun and a singular verb with this and that. This is a painting. That is a computer. We use a plural noun and a plural verb with these and those. These are glasses.Those are biscuits.

•

•••••••••••••••••••••••••• •

Plural nouns, demonstrative pronouns

Write . Singular

Plural

1 This is a dress.

These are dresses.

2

Those are policemen.

3 This is a strawberry. Those are mice.

4

5 That is a fox. These are oranges.

6

Write . 1 This is an apple.

~~.E.~~~.~.~ .~.P.P.).~X

.

2 That is a fish. 3 These are eggs. 4 Those are pictures. 5 This is an alligator. 6 These are kites.

Look, ask and answer.

···· N .

..

.

1 this / a potato / a head 15 this a p'0tato? .........................................

2 these / eyes / balls

No, it isn't.

It's a head.

@ 00

3 that / a hat / a car

~

,1

4 those / boxes / houses

5 this / a ruler / a bus stop

~

-L ~

1

19

Prepositions of place,

where? Are they under the desk? Are they next to the stereo?

Zoe, are my glasses in your room?

Prepositions of place in

on under behind between in front of

next to

near

Singular

Where 'IS the photograph? It's Where is ? It's

Where are the flowers? Where are ?

. .

They're They're

. .

Grammar corner •••••••••••••••••••••• •• • •• We use in, on , under, behind , between, in fron t of , next to and near to talk about •• where things and people are . When we use between, the person or thing must have • • something or someone on both sides. • • • • The TV table is between the door and the window. • • My school bag is between your desk and my desk. • • • When we want to learn where someone or something is we begin our question with •• • Where. We use Where is for one person or thing. The short form is Where 's . • • • • Where is my jacket? It's in the hall. • •• Where's Zoe? She's behind the door. • • We use Where are for more than one person or thing. There is no short form. • • • • Where are my glasses? They're in your pocket. • • Where • are the children? They're in the park. • • •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • &>

Prepositions of place l where?

Look and circle the correct answer .

1The balls are

on

I€)

the basket.

2 The yellow pullover is behind / between the purple pullover. 3 The red jacket is on / between the green jacket and the blue jacket.

4 The the S The the

white baseball cap is red baseball cap. white shoes are blue shoes.

next to / in

in front of / beh ind

Look, choose and write . in

on

under

1 It's jn

in front of

next to

behind

the box.

between

2 It's

Corky.

4 It's

the bag.

7 It's

the cats.

Where is the ball? 3 It's

the table.

Sit's

the door.

6 It's

the chair.

2

Choose and write. ( is

are

1 Where

it's

theY're)

~ :.~ the dishes?

!.~~~~:.~ in the cupboard.

2 Where

my magazine?

on your desk.

3 Where

Dave's shoes?

under his bed.

4 Where

my notebook?

in your bag .

S Where

his rollerblades?

next to his bike.

6 Where

the sandwiches?

in the basket.

Put the words in the right order.

1 Peter's bike? is where

Where is Peter's bike?

2 his glasses? are where

3 camera? Zoe's where is

4 are where our computer games?

S where my blue is jacket?

Ask and answer. 1 where / the ice-creams? Whe re are the ice-creams?

(in the fridge)

!.~.~.~.':.~ .!~..~~~ .~~i.~~ .~:

2 where / your glasses?

(on my desk)

3 where / our chocolates?

(in the box)

4 where / his shoes?

(under the bed)

S where / her computer?

(next to the TV)

6 where / my bag?

(behind your chair)

.

Prepositions of place, where?

Look, ask and answer .

1 where / Brian? Where is Brian?

~ ~:~ ..~.~.~..~~

Fiona.

2 where / Peter? ........................................ Kate. 3 where / the rabbits? ........................................ the tree. 4 where / Zoe? ........................................ the dogs. 5 where / the dogs? ........................................ the tree. 6 where / Dave? ........................................ Penny and Kate. 7 where / Corky? ........................................ the basket.

Write the questions. 1 ~~~~~..~~..~~~~.~!.

..

Fiona is near the window.

2

.

Your glasses are on your head.

3

.

His pen is in his pocket.

4

.

The kittens are under the bed.

5

.

Her pencil case is in her bag.

6

..

Corky is behind Brian.

There

•

IS,

there are

Look! There are two Indians!

Question

Negative

there is there are

there's

Full form

Short form

there is not there are not

there isn't there aren't

Is there? Are there?

••• Grammar corner • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• always use a singular noun with there is. The short form is there's . •• We We always put an article (a, an or the) after there is. • • There's a mouse under your desk. • •• There's an octopus in the sea. •• There's the bus. Bye! ••• We always use a plural noun with there are. There is no short form. ••• • ••• There are three bananas in this basket. • • make the negative we put not after there is and there are (th ere is not and • To • •• there are not). The short forms are there isn't and there aren't. • • •• There isn't a cloud in the sky. There aren't three pens in my pencil case. •• • • To make the question we put the verb Is or Are at the beginning before there. •• Is there a cinema in your town? Are there flowers in your garden? • • • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• B>

&>

Write. 1 There is a banana in the bowl.

Is there a banana in the bowl?

2 There are two books on the desk. 3 There are six sandwiches in the basket. 4 There is an elephant in the zoo. 5 There are five kites in the sky. 6 There is a rabbit behind the tree.

Choose and write . ( t he re is

there

are)

1 T.h~r.~ .~r~

fifteen children in my class.

2

a girl in front of the house.

3

three mice under your bed.

4

two fish in the bowl.

5

an ice-cream in the fridge.

6

three books on your desk.

Choose and write . (Is

are

isn't

aren't)

h frid ge.] 1 Is ......... t here an .I ce-cream .I n ten

Yes, there is

2

there two elephants in the zoo?

No, there

3

there a banana in the bowl?

No, there

4

there three posters in your room?

Yes, there

5

there a cinema near your school?

No, there

6

there three notebooks on your desk?

No, there

25

Look, count and write .

1 school

There are three schools.

2 park , 3 zoo 4 supermarket 5

librar~

6 toy shop

7 museum 8 cinema

Look at exercise 4 . Ask and answe r. 1 there / a library? !~ .~.~.~~.~..~ ..I ! .~.~~.~~~ 2 there / six cinemas? 3 there / five schools? 4 there / a zoo? 5 there / two parks? 6 there / a theatre?

.

Xt??~ .~b.~.~~ .!.~:....

There is,

Look and write . Find the differences.

B Picture A

Picture B

1 There is one chair.

There are two chairs.

2 3 ,

4 5 6

Read, choose and writ e. ( I'm

are

toy shops

is (xl)

there

museum )

Dear Max,

My name is Brian and .I.'.m...... nine

years old.

two cinemas

In my town, there and three .

There a library and a but

............ isn't a zoo.

............ t here a zoo .In your town. } Love, Brian

27

Some, any, how much, how many some, any I'm hungry.Are there any crisps?

No, there aren't any biscuits.

Oh, Dave! There are some biscuits for Corky in the cupboard!

Affirmative

Negative

Question

There are some books. There is some milk.

There aren't any books. There isn't any milk.

Are there any books? Is there any milk?

• • Grammar corner •••••••••••••

• •• •• • •

We use some in positive sentences. There are some books on the desk.

There is some milk in the jug. She has got some flowers in her hair. I have got some paper in my bag.

•

We use any in negative sentences. There aren't any biscuits. There isn't any orange juice.

We haven't got any pets.

• • • •

We also use any in questions. Are there any biscuits? Is there any orange juice? Have you got any pets?

• • • ••

• •

• • ••

•

•

•

• •

•

•• •

••

•

•

•

• • • •••• • • • •• • • • • •••• • ••••• ••• • 2S

Some, any, how much, how many

Choose and write.

any )

( some

1 There are . ~.