GPA 2145 - Table of Physical Constants for Hydrocarbons and Other Compounds of Interest to the Natural Gas Industr

GPA Standard 2145-03

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Table of Physical Constants for Hydrocarbons and Other Compounds of Interest to the Natural Gas Industry

Adopted 1942 Revised 1957,1962, 1966, 1971, 1975, 1977, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2003

Gas Processors Association 6526 East 60th Street Tulsa, Oklahoma 74145

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

FOREWORD

Some of the numbers in the tables result from other numbers in the tables by simple calculation; the final results are as internally consistent as is reasonably possible. Values obtained from such related data may differ from the tabulated values in the last digit because of numerical round off, but the differences are beyond the accuracy of the data (see the comment at the bottom of pages 3 and 9). Each of the values in the Standard result from a preferred method of calculation. The value of the gas constant used in the tables is 8.314472 joules per mole per Kelvin. Numbers in bold face are different from the previous edition of 2145. The values of the physical properties for the components in GPA 2145, as well as those for many more compounds, appear in the GPSA Engineering Data Book. The Eleventh Edition, which became available in 1998, has the same values as GPA Publication Standard 2145-96. Values in subsequent annual publications of GPA 2145 may not agree exactly with those in the Data Book because it is not revised yearly. When revision dates coincide, the values in the two tables are identical. DISCLAIMER GPA publications necessarily address problems of a general nature and may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by GPA to assure accuracy and reliability of the information contained in its publications. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed. It is not the intent of GPA to assume the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train employees or others exposed, concerning health and safety risks or precautions. GPA makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict, or for any infringement of letters of patent regarding apparatus, equipment, or method so covered.

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

The Table of Physical Constants for Hydrocarbons and Other Components of Interest to the Natural Gas Industry, GPA Publication Standard 2145 provides the gas processing industry with a convenient compilation of authoritative numerical values for the paraffin hydrocarbons and other compounds occurring in natural gas and natural gas liquids as well as for a few other compounds of interest to the industry. The physical properties selected are those considered most valuable for engineering and analytical computations in gas processing plants and laboratories. The properties are based upon the TRC Thermodynamic Tables - Hydrocarbons and NIST Standard Reference Databases 10 (NIST/ASME Steam Properties) and 23 (REFPROP). The data in this publication have been checked, evaluated and recalculated when necessary by the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) at NIST in Boulder, Colorado.

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF SELECTED HYDROCARBONS GPA STANDARD 2145-03 (FPS) becomes effective January 1, 2003 Component Molar Mass Boiling Point at 14.696 psia, °F

Methane

Ethane

Propane

i-Butane

n-Butane i-Pentane n-Pentane

16.042

30.069

44.096

58.122

58.122

72.149

72.149

-258.67

-127.48

-43.72

11.08

31.09

82.11

96.98

-296.45

-297.04

-305.73

-255.30

-217.05

-255.80

-201.50

5000

800

188.69

72.484

51.683

20.456

15.558

0.3 340 2.5

0.35643 265.49 2.9716

0.50738 147.39 4.2301

0.56295 119.86 4.6934

0.58408 110.76 4.8696

0.62460 95.044 5.2074

0.63113 92.702 5.2618

0.55397 42.274

1.0383 79.237

1.5227 116.20

2.0071 153.16

2.0071 153.16

2.4914 190.12

2.4914 190.12

0.0116

0.0238

0.0349

0.0444

0.0471

0.0572

0.0603

6.4170 59.137 442.38

10.119 37.503 280.54

10.424 36.404 272.32

12.384 30.644 229.23

11.936 31.794 237.84

13.855 27.390 204.89

13.712 27.676 207.03

-116.66 667.0

89.924 706.6

205.92 615.5

274.41 527.9

305.546 550.9

368.98 490.4

385.75 488.8

23892 1010.0 59730

22181 65914 22334 1769.7 66369

21490 90905 21654 2516.2 91599

21080 98935 21232 3252.0 99652

21136 102926 21300 3262.4 103724

20891 108789 21044 4000.9 109584

20923 110094 21085 4008.7 110946

909

1619

2315

3000

3011

3699

3707

9.5420

16.698

23.855

31.011

31.011

38.168

38.168

219.8

210.3

183.4

157.2

166.3

147.7

154.4

0.52725 0.40346 1.3068

0.40880 0.34276 1.1927 0.9831

0.38970 0.34466 1.1307 0.6175

0.38798 0.35382 1.0966 0.5624

0.39649 0.36232 1.0943 0.5664

0.38311 0.35559 1.0774 0.5370

0.38882 0.36130 1.0762 0.5437

5.0 15.0

2.9 13.0

2.0 9.5

1.8 8.5

1.5 9.0

1.3 8.0

1.4 8.3

Freezing Point --````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

at 14.696 psia, °F

Vapor Pressure at 100 °F, psia

Density of Liquid at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Relative density at 60 °F/60 °F API Gravity Absolute density, lbm/gal

Density of Ideal Gas at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Relative density, air = 1.0 Density lbm/(1000 ft3)

Summation Factor at 60 °F, psia-1

Volume at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Liquid, gal/lbmol Ft3 ideal gas/gal liquid Ratio, ideal gas/liquid

Critical Conditions Temperature, °F Pressure, psia

Gross Heating Value at 60 °F, ideal reaction Btu/lbm, fuel as liquid Btu/gal, fuel as liquid Btu/lbm, fuel as ideal gas Btu/ft3, fuel as ideal gas Btu/gal, fuel as ideal gas

Net Heating Value at 60 °F, ideal reaction Btu/ft3, fuel as ideal gas

Volume of Air to Burn One Volume of Ideal Gas Heat of Vaporization

at 14.696 psia, °F Btu/lbm at the boiling point

Specific Heat at 60 °F, 14.696 psia C P , Btu/(lbm °F), ideal gas C V , Btu/(lbm °F), ideal gas k = C P /C V , ideal gas C S , Btu/(lbm °F), sat. liq.

Flammability Limits at 100 °F, 14.696 psia Lower, volume % In air Upper, volume % in air

Octane Number 0.05 97.1 97.6 89.6 90.3 62.6 1.6 1.8 0.1 93.8 92.3 61.7 Numbers in this table do not have accuracies greater than 1 part in 1000. In some cases, extra digits have been added to calculated values to achieve internal consistency or to permit recalculation of experimental values. Motor clear Research clear

1

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF SELECTED HYDROCARBONS GPA STANDARD 2145-03 (FPS) becomes effective January 1, 2003 Molar Mass Boiling Point

86.175

100.202

114.229

128.255

142.282

Carbon Dioxide 44.010

at 14.696 psia, °F

155.72

209.13

258.21

303.40

345.40

-109.12

-139.56

-131.01

-70.17

-64.28

-21.39

-69.81

4.961

1.620

0.5366

0.1700

0.0616

0.66405 81.588 5.5363

0.68819 74.113 5.7375

0.70698 68.647 5.8942

0.72186 64.521 6.0183

0.73406 61.264 6.1200

0.82203 40.636 6.8534

2.9758 227.09

3.4601 264.05

3.9445 301.01

4.4289 337.97

4.9132 374.93

1.5197 115.97

0.0792

0.0953

0.1214

0.1350

0.1516

0.0195

15.566 24.380 182.37

17.464 21.729 162.55

19.380 19.582 146.48

21.311 17.807 133.21

23.249 16.323 122.10

6.4216 59.095 442.06

453.83 436.9

512.87 396.8

564.22 360.7

610.8 330.7

652.2 304.6

87.8 1070.0

20783 115060 20944 4756.0 115951

20680 118654 20839 5502.5 119565

20601 121428 20760 6248.9 122363

20543 123634 20701 6996.4 124585

20494 125424 20652 7743.0 126388

4404

5100

5796

6493

7190

45.324

52.481

59.637

66.794

73.950

144.1

136.7

130.0

124.4

119.3

246.5

0.38696 0.36392 1.0633 0.5330

0.38566 0.36584 1.0542 0.5279

0.38446 0.36708 1.0474 0.5250

0.38358 0.36810 1.0421 0.5221

0.38294 0.36898 1.0378 0.5207

0.19920 0.15407 1.2929

1.1 7.7

1.0 7.0

0.8 6.5

0.7 5.6

0.7 5.4

Component

n-Hexane

n-Heptane

n-Octane

n-Nonane

n-Decane

Freezing Point at 14.696 psia, °F

Vapor Pressure at 100 °F, psia

Density of Liquid at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Relative density at 60 °F/60 °F API Gravity Absolute density, lbm/gal

Density of Ideal Gas at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Relative density, air = 1.0 Density lbm/(1000 ft3)

Summation Factor at 60 °F, psia-1

Volume --````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Liquid, gal/lbmol Ft3 ideal gas/gal liquid Ratio, ideal gas/liquid

Critical Conditions Temperature, °F Pressure, psia

Gross Heating Value at 60 °F, ideal reaction Btu/lbm, fuel as liquid Btu/gal, fuel as liquid Btu/lbm, fuel as ideal gas Btu/ft3, fuel as ideal gas Btu/gal, fuel as ideal gas

Net Heating Value at 60 °F, ideal reaction Btu/ft3, fuel as ideal gas

Volume of Air to Burn One Volume of Ideal Gas Heat of Vaporization

at 14.696 psia, °F Btu/lbm at the boiling point

Specific Heat at 60 °F, 14.696 psia C P , Btu/(lbm °F), ideal gas C V , Btu/(lbm °F), ideal gas k = C P /C V , ideal gas C S , Btu/(lbm °F), sat. liq.

Flammability Limits at 100 °F, 14.696 psia Lower, volume % In air Upper, volume % in air

Octane Number 26 24.8 Refer to the notes on pages 4 and 5 as well as the references on page 13. All values in this table have been adjusted to the International Temperature Scale 1990 (ITS-90). Values in boldface type have changed since the last version of GPA 2145. Motor clear Research clear

2

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF SELECTED HYDROCARBONS GPA STANDARD 2145-03 (FPS) becomes effective January 1, 2003 Component Molar Mass Boiling Point at 14.696 psia, °F

Hydrogen Sulfide 34.082

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Helium

Water

Air

28.0130

31.9990

4.0026

28.959

18.0153

-76.52

-320.43

-297.33

-452.06

-317.64

211.95

-121.81

-346.00

-361.82

-455.752

Freezing Point at 14.696 psia, °F

32.00

Vapor Pressure at 100 °F, psia

395.55

0.95051

Density of Liquid at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Relative density at 60 °F/60 °F API Gravity Absolute density, lbm/gal

0.80269 44.782 6.6922

0.80687 43.870 6.7270

1.1423 -7.627 9.5236

1.1769 89.811

0.9673 73.819

1.1050 84.322

0.0242

0.00442

0.0072

5.0928 74.514 557.40

4.1643 91.129 681.69

3.3600 112.94 844.87

212.8 1306.5

-232.53 492.5

-181.43 731.4

0.87603 30.024 7.3036

1.00000 10.000 8.3372

0.1382 10.547

1.0000 76.311

0.62210 47.473

0

0.00523

0.05557

3.9650 95.708 715.95

2.1608 175.62 1313.7

-220.97 551.9

705.10 3200.1

Density of Ideal Gas at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Relative density, air = 1.0 Density lbm/(1000 ft3)

Summation Factor at 60 °F, psia-1

Volume at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Liquid, gal/lbmol Ft3 ideal gas/gal liquid Ratio, ideal gas/liquid Temperature, °F Pressure, psia

-450.32 33.0

Gross Heating Value at 60 °F, ideal reaction Btu/lbm, fuel as liquid Btu/gal, fuel as liquid Btu/lbm, fuel as ideal gas Btu/ft 3, fuel as ideal gas Btu/gal, fuel as ideal gas

6897.0 46156 7093.8 637.11 47473

1059.8 50.312 8836

Net Heating Value at 60 °F, ideal reaction Btu/ft 3, fuel as ideal gas

Volume of Air to Burn One Volume of Ideal Gas Heat of Vaporization at 14.696 psia, °F Btu/lbm at the boiling point

586.8 7.156

234.4

85.63

91.60

8.922

86.81

970.12

0.23939 0.18112 1.3217 0.5079

0.24829 0.17740 1.3996

0.21894 0.15688 1.3956

1.24036 0.74421 1.6667

0.23992 0.17134 1.4002

0.44477 0.33453 1.3295 1.0004

Specific Heat at 60 °F, 14.696 psia C P , Btu/(lbm °F), ideal gas C V , Btu/(lbm °F), ideal gas k = C P /C V , ideal gas C S , Btu/(lbm °F), sat. liq.

Flammability Limits at 100 °F, 14.696 psia Lower, volume % In air Upper, volume % in air

4.30 45.50

Octane Number Motor clear Research clear

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

3Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Critical Conditions

TABLE FOR NOTES GPA STANDARD Component

Notes

Molar Mass Boiling Point

a

at 14.696 psia, °F

Freezing Point at 14.696 psia, °F

Vapor Pressure at 100 °F, psia

C1

C2

C3

i-C4

n-C4

i-C5

n-C5

c

c

c

c

c

c

c

f,g

f,g

f,g

f

f

f

f

i

i

c

c

c

c

c

i

h, l

h, l

h, l

h, l

l

l

r

r

r

r

r

r

r

i i

g g

g g

g g

g g

f f

f f

f f

f f

f f

f f

f f

j j

m m

m m

m m

m m

v

v

v

v

v

v

v

Density of Liquid at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Relative density at 60 °F/60 °F API Gravity Absolute density, lbm/gal

k k

Density of Ideal Gas at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Relative density, air = 1.0 Density lbm/(1000 ft3)

o, p

Summation Factor at 60 °F, psia-1

Volume at 60 °F, 14.696 psia Liquid, gal/lbmol Ft3 ideal gas/gal liquid Ratio, ideal gas/liquid

s s s

Critical Conditions Temperature, °F Pressure, psia

Gross Heating Value at 60 °F, ideal reaction Btu/lbm, fuel as liquid Btu/gal, fuel as liquid Btu/lbm, fuel as ideal gas Btu/ft3, fuel as ideal gas Btu/gal, fuel as ideal gas

u, v u, s u, v u, v, w u, s

Net Heating Value at 60 °F, ideal reaction Btu/ft3, fuel as ideal gas

Volume to Burn One Volume of Ideal Gas Heat of Vaporization at 14.696 psia, °F Btu/lbm at the boiling point

p c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r,

Specific Heat at 60 °F, 14.696 psia C P , Btu/(lbm °F), ideal gas C V , Btu/(lbm °F), ideal gas k = C P /C V , ideal gas C S , Btu/(lbm °F), sat. liq.

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

9, y 9, y, z

9 9, y, z

9 9, y, z

9, z 9, z

9 9

9, z 9, z

Flammability Limits at 100 °F, 14.696 psia Lower, volume % In air Upper, volume % in air

Octane Number Motor clear Research clear

4

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

AND REFERENCES 2145-03 (FPS) n-C6

n-C7

n-C8

n-C9

n-C10

CO2

H2S

N2

O2

He

Air

H2O

b c

c

c

c

c

d, h

d

d

d

d

d

e

f

f

f

f

f

d, g

d, g

d, g

d, g

d, g

d, g

e

c

c

c

c

c

j

d

d

d

d

d

e

l

l

l

l

l

d, m

d, m

d, n

d, n

r

r

r

d

d

d

d

d

d

g g

g g

t t

t t

d d

d d

d d

d d

f f

f f

f f

f f

q

d

d

d d

d d

e e

m m x, e x, e x, e v

v

v

v

v

c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r, c, l, p, r,

v

f, h

d

d

d

d

d

e

6

6

6

6

6

d

e

7

7

7

7

7

d

e

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

5

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

f f

e

NOTES FOR GPA STANDARD 2145-03 (FPS) a Coursey, J. S. and Dragoset, R. A. (2001). Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions (version 2.2.1), [Online]. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/Comp [2002, February 13]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Originally published as R.D. Vocke, Jr., Atomic Weights of the Elements 1997, Pure Appl. Chem., 71(8), 1593 (1999) b The molar mass for air is based upon the following composition expressed in mole fraction: N2(g), 0.7812; O2(g), 0.2096; Ar(g), 0.0092. c Calculated with the evaluated vapor-pressure equation in the TRC Table Database (Reference 1) d NIST REFPROP Database: Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties (Reference 2) e NIST Water Properties (Reference 3) f TRC Table Database (Reference 1) g At saturation pressure (triple point) h Sublimination point i Shaded values are estimated for the hypothetical liquid state j The temperature is above the critical temperature --````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

k Derived from the absolute density and the density of water from reference 3 l Reference 4 m Saturation pressure n Densities of liquid at the normal boiling point o The value used for the gas constant is 8.314472 J.mol-1.K-1. [10.7316 psia ft3/(lbmol.oR)] p Calculated values q Defined value r Reference 5 s Alegebraically derived from the absolute density of the liquid t Gas at 60 °F and liquid at the normal boiling point u The basis for gross heating value is dry gas at 60 °F and 14.696 psia based upon ideal reaction, see GPA 2172 for conversion to other bases v Derived with enthalpies of combustion for the appropriate phase at 298.15K from reference 1 (TRC Tables). Adjustment to 60 °F was accomplished with ideal-gas heat capacities listed in reference 6 and liquid phase heat capacities listed in reference 7 w Gross heating values per volume are not direct conversions using gas to liquid volumes; the values differ by the ideal enthalpy of vaporization at 60 °F x Ideal enthalpy of vaporization y The + sign and number specify the number of cm3 of TEL (tetraethyl lead) added per gallon to achieve

the ASTM octane number of 100, corresponding to that of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane z Average value from octane numbers using more than one sample 6

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF SELECTED HYDROCARBONS GPA STANDARD 2145-03 (SI) becomes effective January 1, 2003 Component

Methane

Ethane

Propane

i-Butane

n-Butane i-Pentane n-Pentane

Molar Mass Boiling Point

16.042

30.069

44.096

58.122

58.122

72.149

72.149

at 101.325 kPa(abs), K

111.67

184.55

231.08

261.53

272.64

300.99

309.25

90.68

90.35

85.52

113.54

134.79

113.26

143.43

35000

5500

1369.9

530.12

379.36

151.36

115.56

0.3 300

0.35832 358.00

0.50812 507.67

0.56357 563.07

0.58466 584.14

0.62511 624.54

0.63162 631.05

0.55397 0.67848

1.0383 1.2717

1.5227 1.8649

2.0071 2.4581

2.0071 2.4581

2.4914 3.0514

2.4914 3.0514

0.00442

0.00910

0.0133

0.0169

0.0180

0.0219

0.0230

53.475 442.17

83.992 281.51

86.859 272.22

103.22 229.06

99.501 237.63

115.52 204.68

114.33 206.81

190.56 4599

305.33 4872

369.77 4244.00

407.82 3640.00

425.12 3798

460.36 3381

469.68 3370

55.576 37.707

51.594 18471 51.952 66.067

49.988 25377 50.370 93.936

49.033 27609 49.389 121.40

49.165 28719 49.547 121.79

48.594 30349 48.950 149.36

48.669 30712 49.046 149.66

33.949

60.429

86.419

112.01

112.40

138.09

138.38

9.5420

16.698

23.855

31.011

31.011

38.168

38.168

511.3

489.2

426.7

365.6

386.9

343.7

359.2

2.2062 1.6879 1.3071

1.7094 1.4329 1.1930 4.081

1.6292 1.4406 1.1309 2.581

1.6218 1.4788 1.0967 2.351

1.6577 1.5146 1.0944 2.369

1.6014 1.4861 1.0775 2.246

1.6256 1.5104 1.0763 2.274

5.0 15.0

2.9 13.0

2.0 9.5

1.8 8.5

1.5 9.0

1.3 8.0

1.4 8.3

0.05 1.6

97.1 1.8

97.6 0.1

89.6 93.8

90.3 92.3

62.6 61.7

Freezing Point at 101.325 kPa(abs), K

Vapor Pressure at 313.15 K, kPa(abs)

Density of Liquid at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Relative density at 15 °C/15 °C Absolute density, kg m-3

Density of Ideal Gas at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Relative density, air = 1.0 Density kg m-3

Summation Factor at 288.15 K, kPa-1

Volume at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Liquid, cm3 mol-1 Ratio, ideal gas/liquid

Critical Conditions Temperature, K Pressure, kPa(abs)

Gross Heating Value at 288.15 K, ideal reaction MJ kg-1, fuel as liquid MJ m-3, fuel as liquid MJ kg-1, fuel as ideal gas MJ m-3, fuel as ideal gas

Volume of Air to Burn One Volume of Ideal Gas Heat of Vaporization at 101.325 kPa(abs) kJ kg-1 at the boiling point

Specific Heat at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) C P , kJ kg-1 K-1, ideal gas C V , kJ kg-1 K-1, ideal gas k = C P /C V , ideal gas C S , kJ kg-1 K-1, sat. liq.

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Net Heating Value at 288.15 K, ideal reaction MJ m-3, fuel as ideal gas

Flammability Limits at 310.93 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Lower, volume % In air Upper, volume % in air

Octane Number Motor clear Research clear

Numbers in this table do not have accuracies greater than 1 part in 1000. In some cases, extra digits have been added to calculated values to achieve internal consistency or to permit recalculation of experimental values.

7

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF SELECTED HYDROCARBONS GPA STANDARD 2145-03 (SI) becomes effective January 1, 2003 Molar Mass Boiling Point

86.175

100.202

114.229

128.255

142.282

Carbon Dioxide 44.010

at 101.325 kPa(abs), K

341.88

371.56

398.82

423.93

447.26

194.75

177.84

182.59

216.39

219.66

243.49

216.59

37.300

12.336

4.1403

1.3488

0.4876

0.66448 663.89

0.68860 687.98

0.70737 706.73

0.72224 721.59

0.73442 733.76

0.82195 821.22

2.9758 3.6446

3.4601 4.2378

3.9445 4.8310

4.4289 5.4242

4.9132 6.0174

1.5197 1.8613

0.0303

0.0364

0.0464

0.0516

0.0580

0.00745

129.80 182.16

145.65 162.34

161.63 146.29

177.74 133.03

193.91 121.94

53.59 441.2

507.50 3012

540.30 2736

568.8 2487

594.7 2280

617.7 2100

304.1 7377

48.343 32094 48.717 177.55

48.104 33095 48.474 205.42

47.920 33866 48.289 233.29

47.785 34481 48.153 261.19

47.671 34979 48.038 289.06

164.40

190.39

216.37

242.40

268.39

45.324

52.481

59.637

66.794

73.950

335.1

318.1

302.4

289.3

277.6

573.3

1.6178 1.5213 1.0634 2.231

1.6123 1.5294 1.0543 2.208

1.6073 1.5345 1.0474 2.196

1.6036 1.5388 1.0421 2.184

1.6009 1.5425 1.0379 2.178

0.8334 0.6445 1.2931

1.1 7.7

1.0 7.0

0.8 6.5

0.7 5.6

0.7 5.4

Component

n-Hexane

n-Heptane

n-Octane

n-Nonane

n-Decane

Freezing Point at 101.325 kPa(abs), K

Vapor Pressure at 313.15 K, kPa(abs)

Density of Liquid at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Relative density at 15 °C/15 °C Absolute density, kg m-3

Density of Ideal Gas at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Relative density, air = 1.0 Density kg m-3

Summation Factor at 288.15 K, kPa-1

Volume at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Liquid, cm3 mol-1 Ratio, ideal gas/liquid

Critical Conditions Temperature, K Pressure, kPa(abs)

Gross Heating Value at 288.15 K, ideal reaction MJ kg-1, fuel as liquid MJ m-3, fuel as liquid MJ kg-1, fuel as ideal gas MJ m-3, fuel as ideal gas

Net Heating Value at 288.15 K, ideal reaction MJ m-3, fuel as ideal gas

Volume of Air to Burn One Volume of Ideal Gas Heat of Vaporization at 101.325 kPa(abs) kJ kg-1 at the boiling point

Specific Heat at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) C P , kJ kg-1 K-1, ideal gas C V , kJ kg-1 K-1, ideal gas k = C P /C V , ideal gas C S , kJ kg-1 K-1, sat. liq.

Flammability Limits at 310.93 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Lower, volume % In air Upper, volume % in air

Octane Number Motor clear Research clear

26 24.8

Refer to the notes on pages 10 and 11 as well as the references on page 13. All values in this table have been adjusted to the International Temperature Scale 1990 (ITS-90). Values in boldface type have changed since the last version of GPA 2145.

8

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS OF SELECTED HYDROCARBONS GPA STANDARD 2145-03 (SI) becomes effective January 1, 2003 Component Molar Mass Boiling Point at 101.325 kPa(abs), K

Hydrogen Sulfide 34.082

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Helium

Air

Water

28.0130

31.9990

4.0026

28.959

18.0153

212.86

77.355

90.188

4.230

78.903

373.124

187.70

63.151

54.361

2.177

Freezing Point at 101.325 kPa(abs), K

273.15

Vapor Pressure at 313.15 K, kPa(abs)

2867

7.3849

Density of Liquid at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Relative density at 15 °C/15 °C Absolute density, kg m-3

0.80015 799.4

0.80680 806.1

1.1422 1141.2

1.1769 1.4414

0.9673 1.1847

1.1050 1.3533

0.00926

0.00170

0.00275

42.63 554.6

34.752 680.4

28.040 843.2

373.6 9008

126.19 3396

154.58 5043

0.87596 875.2

1.00000 999.103

0.1382 0.1693

1.0000 1.2247

0.62210 0.76191

0

0.00201

0.02496

33.09 714.6

18.031 1311.3

132.61 3805.0

647.10 22064

Density of Ideal Gas at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Relative density, air = 1.0 Density kg m-3

Summation Factor at 288.15 K, kPa -1

Volume at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Liquid, cm3 mol-1 Ratio, ideal gas/liquid

Critical Conditions Temperature, K Pressure, kPa(abs)

5.195 227.46

Gross Heating Value at 288.15 K, ideal reaction MJ kg-1, fuel as liquid MJ m-3, fuel as liquid MJ kg-1, fuel as ideal gas MJ m-3, fuel as ideal gas

16.042 12825 16.501 23.785

2.4664 1.8792

Net Heating Value at 288.15 K, ideal reaction MJ m-3, fuel as ideal gas

Volume of Air to Burn One Volume of Ideal Gas Heat of Vaporization --````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

at 101.325 kPa(abs) kJ kg-1 at the boiling point

21.91 7.156

545.3

199.2

213.1

20.75

201.9

2256.5

1.0021 0.7581 1.3218 2.125

1.0396 0.7427 1.3996

0.9166 0.6568 1.3956

5.1931 3.1159 1.6667

1.0045 0.7173 1.4002

1.8620 1.4005 1.3295 4.1889

Specific Heat at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) C P , kJ kg-1 K-1, ideal gas C V , kJ kg-1 K-1, ideal gas k = C P /C V , ideal gas C S , kJ kg-1 K-1, sat. liq.

Flammability Limits at 310.93 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Lower, volume % In air Upper, volume % in air

4.3 45.5

Octane Number Motor clear Research clear

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

9Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

TABLE FOR NOTES GPA STANDARD Component Molar Mass Boiling Point

Notes

C1

C2

C3

i-C4

n-C4

i-C5

n-C5

c

c

c

c

c

c

c

f,g

f,g

f,g

f

f

f

f

i

i

c

c

c

c

c

i

h, l

h, l

h, l

h, l

l

l

r

r

r

r

r

r

r

i

g

g

g

g

f f

f f

f f

f f

f f

f f

f f

j j

m m

m m

m m

m m

v

v

v

v

v

v

v

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

9, y 9, y, z

9 9, y, z

9 9, y, z

9, z 9, z

9 9

9, z 9, z

a

at 101.325 kPa(abs), K

Freezing Point at 101.325 kPa(abs), K

Vapor Pressure at 313.15 K, kPa(abs)

Density of Liquid at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Relative density at 15 °C/15 °C Absolute density, kg m-3

k

Density of Ideal Gas at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Relative density, air = 1.0 Density kg m-3

o, p

Summation Factor at 288.15 K, kPa-1

Volume at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Liquid, cm3 mol-1 Ratio, ideal gas/liquid

s s

Critical Conditions Temperature, K Pressure, kPa(abs)

Gross Heating Value at 288.15 K, ideal reaction MJ kg-1, fuel as liquid MJ m-3, fuel as liquid MJ kg-1, fuel as ideal gas MJ m-3, fuel as ideal gas

u, v u, s u, v u, s

Net Heating Value at 288.15 K, ideal reaction MJ m-3, fuel as ideal gas

at 101.325 kPa(abs) kJ kg-1 at the boiling point

p

Specific Heat at 288.15 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) C P , kJ kg-1 K-1, ideal gas C V , kJ kg-1 K-1, ideal gas k = C P /C V , ideal gas C S , kJ kg-1 K-1, sat. liq.

Flammability Limits at 310.93 K, 101.325 kPa(abs) Lower, volume % In air Upper, volume % in air

Octane Number Motor clear Research clear

10

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Volume of Air to Burn One Volume of Ideal Gas Heat of Vaporization

AND REFERENCES 2145-03 (SI) n-C6

n-C7

n-C8

n-C9

n-C10

CO2

H2S

N2

O2

He

Air

H2O

c

c

c

c

c

d, h

d

d

d

d

d

e

f

f

f

f

f

d, g

d, g

d, g

d, g

d, g

d, g

e

c

c

c

c

c

j

d

d

d

d

d

e

l

l

l

l

l

d, m

d, m

d, n

d, n

r

r

r

d

d

d

d

d

d

g

g

t

t

d d

d d

d d

d d

f f

f f

f f

f f

f f

e

q

d

d

d d

d d

e e

m m x, e x, e

v

v

v

v

v

v

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

c, l, p, r,

1

6

6

6

6

6

e

2

7

7

7

7

7

e

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

8 8

f, h

d

d

d

d

11

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

d

e

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

b

NOTES FOR GPA STANDARD 2145-03 (SI) a Coursey, J. S. and Dragoset, R. A. (2001). Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions (version 2.2.1), [Online]. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/Comp [2002, February 13]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Originally published as R.D. Vocke, Jr., Atomic Weights of the Elements 1997, Pure Appl. Chem., 71(8), 1593 (1999) b The molar mass for air is based upon the following composition expressed in mole fraction: N2(g), 0.7812; O2(g), 0.2096; Ar(g), 0.0092. c Calculated with the evaluated vapor-pressure equation in the TRC Table Database (Reference 1) d NIST REFPROP Database: Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties (Reference 2) e NIST Water Properties (Reference 3) f TRC Table Database (Reference 1) g At saturation pressure (triple point) h Sublimination point i Shaded values are estimated for the hypothetical liquid state j The temperature is above the critical temperature k Derived from the absolute density and the density of water from reference 3 l Reference 4 m Saturation pressure n Densities of liquid at the normal boiling point --````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

o The value used for the gas constant is 8.314472 J.mol-1.K-1. [10.7316 psia ft3/(lbmol.oR)] p Calculated values q Defined value r Reference 5 s Alegebraically derived from the absolute density of the liquid t Gas at 15 °C and liquid at the normal boiling point u The basis for gross heating value is dry gas at 15 °C and 101.325 kPa based upon ideal reaction, see GPA 2172 for conversion to other bases v Derived with enthalpies of combustion for the appropriate phase at 298.15K from reference 1 (TRC Tables). Adjustment to 288.15 K was accomplished with ideal-gas heat capacities listed in reference 6 and liquid phase heat capacities listed in reference 7 w Gross heating values per volume are not direct conversions using gas to liquid volumes; the values differ by the ideal enthalpy of vaporization at 15 °C x Ideal enthalpy of vaporization y The + sign and number specify the number of cm3 of TEL (tetraethyl lead) added per gallon to achieve the ASTM octane number of 100, corresponding to that of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane z Average value from octane numbers using more than one sample 12

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

Literature Cited 1 X. Yan, Q. Dong, X. Hong, and M. Frenkel, NIST/TRC Table Database, NIST Standard Reference Database 85, Version 2002. NIST Standard Reference Data Program, Gaithersburg, MD. 2 E. W. Lemmon and M. O. McLinden, Reference Fluid and Thermodynamic and Transport Properties (REFPROP), NIST Standard Reference Database 23, Version 7, Beta Version, February 5, 2002. NIST Standard Reference Data Program, Gaithersburg, MD. 3 A.H. Harvey, A.P. Peskin, and S.A. Klein, NIST/ASME Steam Properties, NIST Standard Reference Database 10, Version 2.2, NIST Standard Reference Data Program, Gaithersburg, MD (2000); and;

4 Wilhoit, R. C.; Marsh, K. N.; Hong, X.; Gadalla, N.; Frenkel, M.; "Thermodynamic Properties of Organic Compounds and their Mixtures; Densities of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: Alkanes," Group IV, Volume 8, Subvolume B: Landolt-Börnstein, 1996. 5 Dymond, J. H.; Marsh, K. N.; Wilhoit, R. C.; Wong, K. C.; "The Virial Coefficients of Pure Gases and Mixtures; Virial Coefficients of Pure Gases," Group IV, Volume 21, Subvolume A: Landolt-Börnstein, 2002. In Press. 6 Frenkel, M.; Kabo, G. J.; Marsh, K. N.; Roganov, G. N.; Wilhoit, R. C.; "Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds in the Gas State, Vol. I & II," TRC Data Series, 1994. 7 Zabransky, M.; Ruzicka, V.; Majer, V.; Domalski, E. S.; "Heat Capacity of Liquids," J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 6, ACS/AIP, 1996. 8 Engineering Sciences Data Unit, "Fire Hazard Properties: Flash Points, Flammability Limits and Autoignition Temperatures," ESDU 82030, September 1983. 9 Obert, Edward F.; "Internal Combustion Engines and Air Pollution," Harper & Row:

NewYork, 1973.

13

Copyright Gas Processors Association Provided by IHS under license with GPA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Licensee=UK LOCATION/5940240005 Not for Resale, 08/21/2007 09:15:57 MDT

--````,,```,,,```,`,,,,,`,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

W. Wagner and A. Pruss, "The IAPWS Formulation 1995 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water Substance for General and Scientific Use," J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, in press (2002).