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E F F E A K (Mgrhktlie Jleltga) EGRGEK JLELZGA

 

Cfitkiljf JKSGRRFAAG Z[ TRKSKICLG KI ALIKG........................................................................3 Akcclói 7? Ag prkskiclg ki aíikg quk tÿ qulkrks.........................................................3 Akcclói 2? Cómf nuiclfigi afs sltlfs wkb ...................................................................3 Akcclói 3? Cfmpfikitks prliclpgaks jka sltlf wkb....................................................; Akcclói :? Sltlfs wkb y fboktlvfs jk ikefclfs............................................................; Akcclói ;? Crkgclói jk sltlfs wkb nçclaks jk usgr y igvkegr ..................................> ..................................> Akcclói >? Rkcfmkijgclfiks Rkcfmkijgclfiks pgrg ka jlsk÷f jk su sltlf wkb.................................5 Zkmg 2? Tagilnlcg tu kstrgtkelg cfmkrc cfmkrclga lga ki aíikg....... .............. .............. .............. ....................................< .............................< Akcclói 7? Afs bkiknlclfs jk uig kstrgtkelg jleltga....... .............. ............... ............... .............................< ......................< Akcclói 2? Gumkitg tu prkskiclg ki ka muijf ki aíikg ..........................................74 Akcclói 3? Cfifck g tus calkitks ki aíikg ...................................................................72 Akcclói :? Jkstçcgtk kitrk ftrfs cfmpktljfrks ki aíikg ........................................73 ^íicuafs gjlclfigaks....................................................................................................7: Akcclói ;? [tlalzg Fboktlvfs pgrg mkofrgr tu rkijlmlkitf.......................................7: TKRMLZK W[K AGS TKRSFIGS KIC[KIZRKI [IG KMTRKSG KI AG UKB NGCLAMKIZK ..........................................................................................................................70 Akcclói 7? Cfickptfs bçslcfs sfbrk afs buscgjfrks.............................................70 Akcclói 2? Ka nuiclfigmlkitf jk afs buscgjfrks.....................................................24 Akcclói 3? Cfmf afs buscgjfrks vki ag wkb.............................................................23

 

JKSGRRFAAG Z[ TRKSKICLG KI ALIKG Akcclói 7? Ag prkskiclg ki aíikg quk tÿ qulkrks  Gspkctfs cagvk

Kxlstki jlstlitgs mgikrgs ki ags quk afs usugrlfs pukjki kicfitrgrtk ki Litkrikt. Ki kstg akcclói gigalzgrkmfs af lmpfrtgitk quk rksuatg `fy ki jíg tk tkik ikrr uig uig pr prks kski kicl clg g fi fialalik ik,, gs gsíí cfmf cfmf ga gaeu euig igss nfrm nfrmgs gs `g `gbl bltu tuga gaks ks pg pgrg rg cfiskeulraf, cfmf, pfr kokmpaf?     

Sltlfs wkb8 Jlrkctfrlfs jk kmprksgs afcgaks y sltlfs jk rksk÷gs8 Rkjks sfclgaks8  Gpalcgclfiks pgrg pgrg ckauagrks.  Gig tlkik uig pgigjkríg pgigjkríg ki su clujgj. clujgj. Ka ikefclf aakvg gblkrtf skls mksks y qulkrk crkgr prkskiclg ki Litkrikt.

KPGMKI ¶Wuì jkbkríg `gckr prlmkrf6 ¶Crkgr ui pkrnla ki ags rkjks sfclgaks f uig gpalcgclói móvla6

[i pkrnla ki ags rkjks sfclgaks ks uig mgikrg rçpljg, nçcla y kcfiómlcg pgrg quk Gig tkieg prkskiclg ki Litkrikt. Jkbkríg skr ka prlmkr pgsf pgrg quk afs calkitks litkrgctÿki cfi kaag y cfi su ikefclf. [ig vkz quk tkieg ka pkrnla cfisfaljgjf, pukjk cfisljkrgr livkrslfiks g mçs agref pagzf, cfmf crkgr uig gpalcgclói móvla, mkjlgitk ag cuga afs calkitks pfjrígi `gckr pkjljfs f buscgr linfrmgclói sfbrk ka kstgbakclmlkitf.

Akcclói 2? Cómf nuiclfigi afs sltlfs wkb

 Gspkctfs cagvk Sl tu ikefclf ikcksltg ui sltlf wkb, ka prlmkr pgsf ks kitkijkr afs gspkctfs nuijgmkitgaks. G cfitliugclói, kicfitrgrçs ui brkvk rksumki jk af quk jkbks sgbkr? 

Wuì `gcki afs skrvljfrks wkb8

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Cómf nuiclfigi afs ifmbrks jk jfmlilf8

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Cómf afs utlalzg tu sltlf wkb.

 

Tgrg crkgr ui sltlf wkb sk ikcksltg ui kspgclf jk gafogmlkitf. Ks cfmf ui tkrrkif jfijk cfistrulr uig cgsg. Kstk tlpf jk skrvlclf pukjk skr jk pgef f ergtultf. Gsí quk, ¡cfmpgrg prkclfs gitks jk tfmgr uig jkclslói! Kstk ""tkrrkif"" ks sfaf uif jk afs muc`fs quk sk kicukitrgi ki ui skrvljfr. [i skrvljfr ks cfmf uig cgaak ki ag quk muc`gs kmprksgs gaqulagi kspgclf pgrg sus sltlfs wkb. Gaef gsí cfmf cfmpgrtlr ka mlsmf cójlef pfstga. Cgjg skrvljfr tlkik uig jlrkcclói jk prftfcfaf jk Litkrikt (LT) ( LT) nfrmgjg pfr uig cgjki cg jkig g jk iÿ iÿmkr mkrfs fs quk cugaq cugaqulk ulkrr jlspf jlspfslt sltlvf lvf cfikc cfikctgj tgjf f g Lit Litkri krikt kt puk pukjk jk afcgalzgr. Cgjg sltlf wkb tlkik ui ifmbrk jk jfmlilf, quk ks ag pgrtk quk gpgrkck jkspuìs jk ""www."" f ""Ufraj Uljk Ukb"". Ks cfmf ag jlrkcclói níslcg jk tu cgsg. Tkrf, ¶quì `gríg gaeulki quk tk buscgrg f, ki kstk cgsf, quk buscgrg tu sltlf wkb6 [tlalzgríg ui igvkegjfr cfmf Effeak C`rfmk. Ka igvkegjfr buscg y fbtlkik ag linfrmgclói jka sltlf wkb y, g cfitliugclói, tk ag mukstrg. Ka tlkmpf quk ui sltlf wkb tgrjg ki cgregrsk jkpkijk jk ngctfrks cfmf ka vfaumki y ka tlpf jk linfrmgclói, gsí cfmf jk ag vkafcljgj jk ag cfikxlói g Litkrikt.

KPGMKI 

[ig jlrkcclói LT sk cfmpfik jk uig skrlk jk iÿmkrfs quk cugaqulkr  jlspfsltlvf cfikctgjf g Litkrikt pukjk afcgalzgr. R= ^KRJGJKRF

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[i igvkegjfr jktkctg jóijk sk gafog ka cfitkiljf fialik y af mukstrg. R=^KRJGJKRF

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Afs sltlfs wkb sk gafogi ki skrvljfrks. R= ^KRJGJKRF

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Ag gcclói jk igvkegr `gstg ui sltlf wkb sk cfifck cfmf "gafogmlkitf" R= NGASF

 

Akcclói 3? Cfmpfikitks prliclpgaks jka sltlf wkb

 Gspkctfs cagvk? [i sltlf sltlf wkb cfistg jk vgrlgs pgrtks? pgrtks? crìgags y cfmbíigags cfrrkctgmkitk y ka ìxltf kstç egrgitlzgjf. Ki kstg akcclói trgtgrkmfs? 

Zu ifmbrk8

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Ag fregilzgclói jka sltlf wkb8

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Zkxtf, nftfs y ftrfs kakmkitfs litkrgctlvfs.

 Gig ks ag prfplktgrlg jk ag pgigjkríg pgigjkríg Ka `frif jk Gig Gig y `g jkcljljf crkgr ui sltlf wkb. Tkrf prlmkrf tlkik quk kakelr ka ifmbrk jka jfmlilf. KPGMKI

Kc`g ui vlstgzf g sus ljkgs y jkcljk cuça ks ka mkofr ifmbrk jk jfmlilf. Ag mkofr jlrkcclói jk sltlf wkb pgrg ka ikefclf jk Gig skríg www.ka`frifjkgig.cfm. Ks muy rkcfmkijgbak quk ka ifmbrk jka jfmlilf cflicljg cfi ka jka ikefclf.  Gsí, afs calkitks ag a g kicfitrgrçi nçclamkitk ki Litkrikt y, gjkmçs, rkcfifckrçi ka kstgbakclmlkitf cugijf pgski pfr jkagitk. Ka ifmbrk jk jfmlilf ljkga jkbkríg skr cfrtf y rkakvgitk g ag vkz. Sl blki "Gig", "yf-gmgsf" y "mlpgigjkrlg" sfi jfmlilfs cfrtfs, if rknakogi ka ifmbrk jka kstgbakclmlkitf, pfr af quk if gyujg ga calkitk g rkcfifckr ag pgigjkríg níslcg. "Gig-gmgsg" licauyk pgrtk jka ifmbrk, pkrf if lijlcg g quì sk jkjlcg ag kmprksg jk Gig. Ag mkofr fpclói ks, sli jujg, www.ka`frifjkgig.cfm. www.ka`frifjkgig.cfm. Akcclói :? Sltlfs wkb y fboktlvfs jk ikefclfs

 Gspkctfs cagvk? Cugijf crkks tu sltlf wkb, plkisg ki cómf cfmbligr tus fboktlvfs jk ikefclf y af quk qulkrki afs vlsltgitks. Ki kstg akcclói `gbagrkmfs sfbrk afs sleulkitks tkmgs?   

Cómf utlalzgr ka sltlf wkb pgrg gacgizgr tus fboktlvfs8 Cómf pfikrtk ki ag plka jka calkitk8 Cómf cfitgr tu `lstfrlg ki Litkrikt.

 

 Gig kstç crkgijf uig uig jkscrlpclói pgrg ag pçelig pçelig "Sfbrk ifsftrf ifsftrfs" s" jka sltlf wkb jk su pgigjkríg. ¶Cuça tk pgrkck mkofr6

 Gig jkbkríg usgr ui tfif quk mukstrk skeurljgj, pkrf quk if litlmljk g afs usugrlfs. Tgrg su km Tgrg kmpr prks ksg, g, ui ak akie ieug ugok ok cf cfaf afqu qulg lgaa skríg sk ríg gjk gjkcug cugjf jf,, gui guiquk quk if af skr skríg íg pgr pgrg g kmprksgs jka çmbltf akega. Ka tfif quk kalog jkbkríg lijlcgr ag `lstfrlg jk su kmprksg y af quk fnrkck.

Ag

skeuijg

fpclói

tlkik

ui

akieugok

jkmgslgjf @gbagr jka ag kmpr prks ksg gprfnkslfiga. ks kstg tgrí ríg g bl blk ki pgrg gr g fboktlvf ui iukv ukjk vf ikefclf tkcifaóelcf, pkrf pgrg uig pgigjkríg rksuat rks uatg g jkmgs jkmgslgj lgjf f cfi cfinus nusf. f. Gjk Gjkmçs mçs,, ki ag jkscrlpclói if mkiclfig quk su kmprksg ks uig pgigjkríg. Ag tkrckrg fpclói sukig grrfegitk y mukstrg ui kxcksf jk cfinlgizg. Ki auegr jk kxpalcgr  cómf cóm f pf pfjrí jríg g sgt sgtlsn lsngc gckr kr ags ikcks ikcksljg ljgjk jkss jk jkaa calkitk, prkskitg uig prfpukstg jk vkitg.

Akcclói ;? Crkgclói jk sltlfs wkb nçclaks jk usgr y igvkegr

 Gspkctfs cagvk Afs usugrlfs quk vlsltki tu sltlf wkb jkbkrígi pfjkr igvkegr k litkrgctugr cfi tu sltl sltlf f nç nçcl clam amki kitk tk,, af quk quk sk jk jkif ifml mlig ig "u "usg sgbl blalaljg jgj" j".. @g @gzz qu quk k vu vuka kavg vgi i cfitliugmkitk?   

Fnrkclkijf uig igvkegclói slmpak y cagrg8 Crkgijf ui jlsk÷f `fmfeìikf8 Kscrlblkijf cfitkiljf rkakvgitk y knlcgz.

 

KPGMKI

 Gig qulkrk quk afs usugrlfs jk su wkb pukjgi jkspagzgrsk nçclamkitk pfr ka sltlf. ¶Cuça jk kstgs cgrgctkrístlcgs jkbkríg licaulr ki cgjg uig jk ags pçeligs6 RKST[KSZGS? Mkiÿ agtkrga Cgmpf jk bÿsqukjg Afeftlpf jk ag pgigjkríg quk jlrlek g ag pçelig prliclpga   

Afs usug Afs usugrl rlfs fs jk jkaa sltl sltlf f wkb wkb jk Gig Gig jkbk jkbkrí rígi gi ki kiccfi fitr trgr gr af quk quk busc buscgi gi rçpljgmkitk. Tgrg kaaf, pukjk licaulr ki ka sltlf ui mkiÿ agtkrga y uig bgrrg jk bÿsqukjg. Af mçs rkcfmkijgbak ks quk kstfs kakmkitfs sk kicukitrki ki ka mlsmf auegr ki tfjgs ags pçeligs jka sltlf wkb. Afs usugrlfs tgmblìi jkbkrígi pfjkr vfavkr g ag pçelig prliclpga rçpljgmkitk. Ki muc`fs sltlfs wkb, kstf sk cfisleuk `gclkijf calc ka afeftlpf. Ag linfrmgclói sfbrk ag kmprksg ks ÿtla pgrg gtrgkr g usugrlfs, pkrf if sk ikcksltg ki cgjg uig jk ags pçeligs. Akcclói >? Rkcfmkijgclfiks pgrg ka jlsk÷f jk su sltlf wkb

Cugijf jlsk÷ks ka sltlf wkb, tki culjgjf cfi ngaafs quk sukaki g`uykitgr g afs calkitks. Ki kstg akcclói jkscrlblrkmfs gaeuigs nfrmgs jk kvltgr nrustrgclfiks, cfmf?   

Tçeligs quk sk cgregi rçpljgmkitk8 Fpclfiks jk fptlmlzgclói pgrg tkaìnfifs ckauagrks8  Gcckslblaljgj ekikrga. ekikrga.

 Gig qulkrk g÷gjlr kakmkitfs muatlmkjlg g ag pçelig prliclpga jka sltlf wkb jk su pgigjkríg pgrg quk rksuatk mçs litkrksgitk. Sl `gy kakmkitfs jlstlitfs, ag pçelig tgrjgrç mçs ki cgregrsk, pfr af quk jkbk kicfitrgr ag cfmbligclói mçs gjkcugjg pgrg ka sltlf. ¶Tukjks frjkigr afs sleulkitks kakmkitfs jk mgyfr g mkifr tlkmpf jk cgreg6 Kstk ks ka frjki cfrrkctf?  

vljkf kijk @Jnfijf jk jfs mliutfs pgrg prfmfclfigr pgigjkríg Lmgeki ergijk, g pgitgaag cfmpaktg y ag cfi ergi rksfauclói

 

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vljkf kxpalcgtlvf jk 24 skeuijfs Mlilgturg cfmprlmljg cfi bgog rksfauclói Bftói jk Zwlttkr quk kiagzg g ag pçelig jk Zwlttkr  Jkscrlpclfiks jk tkxtf

Afs usugrlfsksqulkrki quk afsafs sltlfs wkb sk cgreuki y, slquk tgrjgi jkmgslgjf, prfbgbak quk gbgijfiki, pfr af qukrçpljgmkitk jkbks prfcurgr ags pçeligs jk tu sltlf sk cgreuki rçpljgmkitk sli pkrjkr jk vlstg ka jlsk÷f quk qulkrks usgr. Kakelr ka mlx jk mkjlfs y ag a g sfauclói jk `fstlie gjkcugjfs pukjk skr uig ergi gyujg pgrg cfiskeulraf. Tgrg quk tus pçeligs wkb skgi knlcgcks, jkbks usgr lmçekiks cfmprlmljgs y kvltg kv ltgrr li lica caul ulrr jk jkmg mgsl slgj gjfs fs gr grc` c`lv lvfs fs er ergi gijk jkss cf cfmf mf,, pf pfrr ko kokm kmpa paf, f, vl vljk jkfs fs.. Cfmprukbg cuçitf tgrjg ki cgregrsk ka sltlf wkb jk tu kmprksg ki jlstlitfs jlspfsltlvfs y cfikxlfiks gitks jk pubalcgraf.

Z[ SLZLF UKB IF KS SFAF TGRG ^KIJKR KS TGRG RKSFA^KR KPGMKI ¶Cuçaa jk ags ¶Cuç ags sleu sleulk lkit itks ks gnlr gnlrmg mgcl clfi fiks ks rk rkag agcl clfi figj gjgs gs cf cfi i jk jksg sgrr rrfa faag agr  r  prkskiclg wkb pgrg ags kmprksgs ks clkrtg6 ¶Wuì ks ui skrvljfr wkb6

[i skrvljfr wkb ks uig cfmputgjfrg cfikctgjg g Litkrikt quk tk pkrmltk "gafogr" ui sltlf wkb ki aíikg Rkaakig Rkaaki g ka ksp kspgcl gclf f ki bag bagic icf? f? VVV VVVVV VVVVV VVVVV VV sfi gcc gccksf ksfs s jlr jlrkct kctfs fs qu quk k pkrmltki gcckjkr g ftrgs pçeligs jk tu sltlf f g ftrfs auegrks jk ag Ukb.

Afs `lpkrvíicuafs sk utlalzgi pgrg brlijgraks g afs usugrlfs jk ui sltlf wkb ui gccksf rçpljf g jlnkrkitks pçeligs jk Litkrikt. ¶Cuça jk afs kakmkitfs sleulkitks sk rkcfmlkijg kxcaulr jk afs sltlfs wkb6

Cfitgraks sfbrk tus prfjuctfs y skrvlclfs g tus calkitks pftkiclgaks ks uig kxck kx ckak akit itk k lj ljkg kg,, pk pkrf rf bf bfmb mbgr grjk jkgr graf afss cfi cfi li linf nfrm rmgc gcló lói i pu pukj kjk k tkik tkikr, r, cf cfi i nrkcukiclg, ui knkctf ikegtlvf sfbrk ag kxpkrlkiclg jka usugrlf. ¶Cuça jk afs sleulkitks kakmkitfs ks ui kokmpaf jk aagmgjg g ag gcclói ki ui sltlf wkb6

[i aagmgjf g ag gcclói f CZG kstç jlsk÷gjf pgrg quk ka pÿbalcf rkgalck uig tgrkg kspkcínlcg, pfr kokmpaf, rkelstrgrsk pgrg rkclblr ui bfaktíi linfrmgtlvf f gerkegr ui grtícuaf g su cgrrltf jk cfmprgs ki aíikg. Ki kstk cgsf, ka CZG

 

galkitg g afs usugrlfs g litrfjuclr su jlrkcclói pgrg quk ka sltlf wkb pukjg ekikrgr ui mgpg quk afs euík jksjk su ublcgclói `gstg uig jlrkcclói níslcg. ¶Wuì jkbkrígs tkikr ki cukitg g ag `frg jk crkgr cfitkiljf pgrg tu sltlf wkb6

Sl sk trgtg jk jlsk÷gr ka cfitkiljf jk tu sltlf wkb, af prlmkrf quk jkbks `gckr  ks pkisgr ki af quk buscgi tus calkitks.

Zkmg 2? Tagilnlcg tu kstrgtkelg cfmkrclga ki aíikg Akcclói 7? Afs bkiknlclfs jk uig kstrgtkelg jleltga

[ig kstrgtkelg cfmkrclga ki aíikg pukjk gumkitgr tus prfbgblaljgjks jk afergr  ka ìxltf jleltga, af quk tk gyujg g jknlilr fboktlvfs cagrfs y ckitrgrtk ki tu gctlvljgj ki aíikg. Ki kstg akcclói, gbfrjgrkmfs afs sleulkitks tkmgs? 

Cómf uig kmprksg ki aíikg sk pukjk bkiknlclgr jk uig kstrgtkelg cfmkrclga

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Rkcfmkijgclfiks Rkcfmkijgcl fiks pgrg crkgr uig kstrgtkelg cfmkrclga

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Kokmpafs jk fboktlvfs cfmuiks y kstrgtkelgs pfpuagrks pgrg cumpalrafs

Sgmuka rkclkitkmkitk jkcljló agizgr ui skrvlclf jk kitrkigmlkitf jkpfrtlvf ki aíikg. Rkelstró ui ifmbrk jk jfmlilf y crkó ui sltlf wkb, pkrf if kstç skeurf jk cómf agizgr su kmprksg ki aíikg jk uig nfrmg quk ak pkrmltg kxpgijlrsk jk mgikrg sfstkilbak.  Gyujg g Sgmuka g crkgr uig kstrgtkelg pgrg su kmprksg ki aíikg. Tgrg kaaf, skakcclfig afs pgsfs cfrrkctfs quk jkbk skeulr. ¡Muy blki! Ksg ks ag rkspukstg r kspukstg cfrrkctg.  G Sgmuka ak rksuatgrç mçs skiclaaf jksgrrfaagr su kstrgtkelg ki aíikg uig vkz quk `gyg jknliljf afs fboktlvfs jk ag kmprksg, rkjgctgjf ag jkcagrgclói jk ag mlslói y jktkrmligjf ag prfpukstg jk vkitg ÿilcg jk ag kmprksg. [ig vkz quk ag kstrgtkelg kstì alstg, pukjk agizgr su sltlf wkb, crkgr uig cgmpg÷g jk mgrhktlie jleltga frlkitgjg y kstgbakckr uig bgsk jk calkitks.

 

Sleulkitks pgsfs

 G`frg quk cfmprkijks pfrquì ks lmpfrtgitk jksgrrfaagr uig kstrgtkelg cfmkrclga, plkisg ki tu prkskiclg ki aíikg y af quk jkskgs afergr. Rkspfijk ags sleulkitks prkeuitgs pgrg ljkitlnlcgr tus fboktlvfs, ag jkcagrgclói jk ag mlslói y ka T[^. 7. Fbok Fboktlv tlvfs fs?? ¶Wuì ¶Wuì jk jksk skgs gs af afer ergr gr mk mkjl jlgi gitk tk tu prks prkski kicl clg g ki aíik aíikg6 g6 (ks (ks jkclr, mçs vkitgs f ui mgyfr rkcfifclmlkitf jk ag mgrcg). 2. Jkca Jkcagr grgc gcló lói i jk ag mls mlslói? lói? ¶W ¶Wuì uì vg vgaf afrk rkss sf sfi i lm lmpf pfrt rtgi gitk tkss pg pgrg rg ag kmpr km prks ksg6 g6 (k (kss jkcl jkclr, r, aakv aakvgr gr g cg cgbf bf gc gctltlvl vljg jgjk jkss jk cf cfmk mkrc rclf lf ou oust stf f f prftkekr ka mkjlf gmblkitk). 3. T[^? ¶Wuì ¶Wuì tk `gck `gck jkstg jkstgcgrtk cgrtk j jk k ag cfmp cfmpktkic ktkiclg6 lg6 (ks j jkclr, kclr, gt gtkicló kiclói i ga calkitk, prkclf f cgaljgj). Ag próxlmg vkz quk kstìs igvkegijf pfr ag Ukb f ags rkjks sfclgaks, fbskrvg g ftrgs kmprksgs y gigalzg quì ags `gck jkstgcgrsk. Litkitg `gckr ui alstgjf jk ags mgrcgs quk tk pgrkzcgi rkakvgitks pgrg vkr quì pukjks gprkijkr jk kaags.

Akcclói 2? Gumkitg tu prkskiclg ki ka muijf ki aíikg

 Gspkctfs cagvk  G ag `frg jk `gckr quk tu kmprksg tkieg prkskiclg ki aíikg, cfmprkijkr cómf afs calkitks igvkegi ag Ukb ks ui ngctfr lmpfrtgitk pgrg gskeurgrtk jk quk tus lilclgtlvgs ki aíikg sk vkgi rkcfmpkisgjgs. Ki kstg akcclói, gbfrjgrkmfs afs sleulkitks tkmgs? 

Cfmpfrtgmlkitfs jka calkitk ki aíikg y cómf sk supkrpfiki cfi afs cfmpfrtgmlkitfs sli cfikxlói.

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Ka mgrcf "^kr, Tkisgr, @gckr y @gbagr" y cómf usgraf pgrg cfmprkijkr  ka rkcfrrljf jka calkitk ki aíikg.

 

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Cómf gerupgr tus pÿbalcfs mkjlgitk ag skemkitgclói.

Fmgr vkijk cfsmìtlcfs grtksgigaks ki ui pkquk÷f pukstf, y g`frg qulkrk ag agiz izgr gr ui sl sltltlf f jk cf cfmk mkrc rclf lf kakc kakctr trói óilc lcf. f. Zl Zlki kik k mu muc` c`ís íslm lmg g kx kxpk pkrl rlki kicl clg g vkijlkijf sus prfjuctfs ki pkrsfig ki afs mkrcgjfs afcgaks, pkrf g`frg kspkrg aakegr g mçs calkitks ki aíikg. ¶Tfjrígs gcfiskogr g Fmgr cómf `gckr quk su ikefclf skg kxltfsf tgitf ki aíikg cfmf jk nfrmg prkskiclga6 ¡Muy blki! Ksg ks ag rkspukstg r kspukstg cfrrkctg. Tksk g quk Fmgr sli jujg tlkik ui kxltfsf pukstf ki ka mkrcgjf afcga, su fboktlvf gctuga ks jksgrrfaagr ui ikefclf ki aíikg, pfr af quk ckitrgrsk sfaf ki sus `gblaljgjks jk mgrhktlie sli cfikxlói if ak rksuatgríg ÿtla. ^kijkr prfjuctfs g prkclfs mçs bgofs ki ka sltlf wkb pfjríg skr uig jkclslói rlksefsg ki uig ktgpg tgi tkmprgig. Mlkitrgs quk gaeuifs mlifrlstgs aakvgi g cgbf kstg prçctlcg, ftrfs vkijki sus prfjuctfs ga mlsmf prkclf quk ki ag tlkijg níslcg. Jgjf quk Fmgr ks iukvf ki ka cfmkrclf kakctróilcf, skríg mkifs rlksefsf mgitkikr afs mlsmfs prkclfs ki gmbgs tlkijgs ga cfmlkizf. Ljkitlnlcgr g tfjfs afs pÿbalcfs ak pkrmltlrç jkcljlr ka mfmkitf gjkcugjf pgrg litkrgctugr cfi kaafs y ka mkisgok quk jkbkríg prkskitgraks, af quk ak pkrmltlrç gumkitgr ags prfbgblaljgjks jk tkikr ìxltf ki aíikg. Tfr ÿatlmf, pksk g quk ag pubalcljgj jk pgef ki aíikg pfjríg skr ui cgiga knkctlvf, Fmgr jkbk cfisljkrgr tfjgs ags fpclfiks jlspfilbaks y jkcljlr cuça sk gjgptg mkofr g ags ikcksljgjks jk su kmprksg.

Sleulkitks pgsfs

Tlkisg ki ka ÿatlmf prfjuctf quk cfmprgstk ki aíikg y, aukef, rkvlsg ka mgrcf "^ "^kr kr,, Tk Tkis isgr gr,, @g @gck ckrr y @gba @gbagr gr"" qu quk k giga gigalz lzgm gmfs fs ki ks kstg tg ak akcc ccló lói. i. Zr Zrgz gzg g tu

 

rkcfrrljf pfr afs puitfs jk cfitgctf cfi afs quk tk kicfitrgstk gitks jk rkgalzgr ag cfmprg. Tlkisg ki af sleulkitk?

7. ¶Wuì frlelió frlelió tu litkrìs litkrìs ki ka prfjuc prfjuctf6 tf6 (^kr) (^kr) 2. ¶Cómf ¶Cómf aakv aakvgstk gstk g cgbf tu tu liv livkstle kstlegclói gclói6 6 (Tkisgr) (Tkisgr) 3. ¶Wuì tk `lzf `lzf prks prkslfigr lfigr nligamki nligamkitk tk ka bftó bftói i "Cfmp "Cfmprgr rgr g`fr g`frg"6 g"6 (@gc (@gckr) kr) :. ¶Jkogs ¶Jkogstk tk uig fplilói fplilói f pubal pubalcgs cgstk tk uig lmge lmgeki ki jk tu cf cfmpr mprg g ki aíi aíikg6 kg6 (@gbagr).  G`frg, vukavk g pkisgr ki ag sltugclói jk tu kmprksg? ¶Wuì tlpfs jk cfitkiljf pfjrígs usgr ki cgjg ktgpg jka rkcfrrljf jka calkitk pgrg gakitgr g ags pkrsfigs g rkgalzgr uig cfmprg6

Akcclói 3? Cfifck g tus calkitks ki aíikg

 Gspkctfs cagvk Cfmprkijk cómf gprfvkc`gr ga mçxlmf afs mfmkitfs ki afs quk afs calkitks litkrg lit krgctÿ ctÿgi gi cfi uig mgr mgrcg cg pgrg pgrg fnrkck fnrkckrak rakss ag mkofr mkofr kxp kxpkrl krlkic kiclg lg ki aíi aíikg kg pfslbak. Ki kstg akcclói, gbfrjgrkmfs afs sleulkitks tkmgs? 

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cuçaks sfi afs puitfs jk cfitgctf jk afs calkitks cómf pagilnlcgr afs rkcfrrljfs ki aíikg mçs nrkcukitks jk afs calkitks cómf ljkitlnlcgr afs puitfs jk cfitgctf jk afs calkitks quk ekikrgi fboktlvfs jk ag kmprksg

 Gijrkg jlrlek ui kstujlf kstujlf jk jgizg. Tgrg mkofrgr mkofrgr ag vkitg jk sus cagsks, cagsks, livkstleg ag mgikrg ki quk su kqulpf jk mgrhktlie pukjk gctugalzgr ag prkskiclg ki aíikg jk ag kmprksg. Cfmf pgrtk jk kstg gctugalzgclói jk mgrcg, ka kqulpf rkclbló r kclbló cfmkitgrlfs jk afs calkitks y jknliló sus rkcfrrljfs. Ljkitlnlcgrfi jfs prfbakmgs cfmuiks pgrg afs calkitks ki aíikg? igvkegr pfr ka sltlf wkb y kicfitrgr ag linfrmgclói jk cfitgctf jk ag kmprksg.

 

¶Cuça jk afs puitfs jk cfitgctf jk ag mgrcg jkbkríg mfjlnlcgr Gijrkg g nli jk rkspfijkr g afs cfmkitgrlfs jk afs calkitks6

Akcclói :? Jkstçcgtk kitrk ftrfs cfmpktljfrks ki aíikg

Cfmprkijkr quk ag cfmpktkiclg ks ui cfmpfikitk cagvk jk tu kstrgtkelg ki aíikg quk tk pkrmltk pfslclfigr cfrrkctgmkitk g uig kmprksg ki ka mkrcgjf. Ki kstg akcclói, gbfrjgrkmfs afs sleulkitks tkmgs? 

Cómf ljkitlnlcgr quì `gck quk uig kmprksg sk jkstgquk ki ui mkrcgjf gbgrrftgjf jk fpclfiks

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Tfr quì sfi lmpfrtgitks ags prfpukstgs ÿilcgs jk vkitg (T[^) y cómf

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kagbfrgrags Cuçaks Cuç aks sfi ags `krrgm `krrgmlki lkitgs tgs ki aíikg aíikg jls jlspf pfilb ilbaks aks pg pgrg rg gyujgr gyujgrtk tk g livkstlegr g ag cfmpktkiclg

Rfmlig tlkik uig kmprksg jk bkbljgs jk prftkíig quk cfmkrclgalzg kstfs prfjuctfs jksjk `gck 3 g÷fs. Muc`fs elmigslfs cfmprgi sus prfjuctfs, pkrf pk rf ag kmpr kmprks ksg g if cr crkc kcló ló jkmg jkmgsl slgj gjf f ki af afss ÿa ÿatlm tlmfs fs mk mksk sks. s. Rf Rfml mlig ig qulslkrg kitrgr ki ka mkrcgjf ki aíikg a íikg pgrg gumkitgr ag vkitg jk prfjuctfs. ¶Cuç ¶C uçaa jk ag agss sleu sleulk lkit itks ks gc gccl clfi fiks ks jk jkbk bkrí ríg g aaaakv kvgr gr g cg cgbf bf Rf Rfml mlig ig pg pgrg rg ljkitlnlcgr ags fpfrtuiljgjks jk crkclmlkitf jk su kmprksg ki aíikg6 ¡Muy blki! Ksg ks ag rkspukstg cfrrkct cfrrkctg. g.

Egrgitlzgr quk ag kmprksg jk Rfmlig tkieg uig sóaljg prfpukstg ÿilcg jk vkitg pfjríg gyujgrag g gtrgkr iukvfs calkitks ki aíikg. Fnrkckr ui prfjuctf ÿilcf ks uig nfrmg knkctlvg jk jkstgcgrsk ki ui mkrcgjf muy cfmpktltlvf. Rfmlig tgmblìi pfjríg gigalzgr quì `gcki sus cfmpktljfrks pgrg jkscubrlr  quì aks ekikrg bukifs rksuatgjfs y quì if. Kstf ak jgríg uig vlslói mçs

 

gmpalg jka mkrcgjf y jkstgcgríg pfslbaks fpfrtuiljgjks quk pfjríg usgr pgrg jknlilr uig kstrgtkelg pgrg ka crkclmlkitf jk su kmprksg. Mkjl Mk jlgi gitk tk ui giça giçals lsls ls NF NFJG JG,, pukj pukjk k lj ljki kitltlnlnlcg cgrr ag agss fp fpfr frtu tuil iljg jgjk jkss qu quk k ak gyujgrçi g su kmprksg g crkckr, gsí cfmf g jkstgcgr ags jkblaljgjks quk pukjk rksfavkr.

Ks `frg jk vkr ag kstrgtkelg jk ag cfmpktkiclg. Zómgtk jlkz mliutfs ga jíg pgrg livkstlegr afs sleulkitks tìrmlifs mkjlgitk ui mftfr jk bÿsqukjg? 7. Ka ifmbrk ifmbrk jk uig kmprksg? kmprksg? Kstf tk mfstrgrç ags pgagbrgs pgagbrgs cagvk cagvk y ka jksgrrfaa jksgrrfaaf f jk ag mgrcg jk ag cfmpktkiclg. 2. [i prfjuct prfjuctf f f skrvlclf? skrvlclf? Kstf Kstf tk mfstrgrç mfstrgrç qulìi qulìi ks ag ag cfmpktkic cfmpktkiclg lg pgrg ksk ksk prfjuctf f skrvlclf. 3. Licauyk Lica uyk fnrkcki tu ublcgcl ublcgclói? ói? Kstf tkskrvlclfs pkrmltk ljkitl pkrmltk lj kitlnlcgr cuçaks jk tus cfmpktl cuçaks cfmpktljfrk jfrkss afcgaks afs mlsmfs quk tunlcgr kmprksg.

Kstfs tìrmlifs quk sk pukjki buscgr sfi "pgagbrgs cagvk" gsfclgjgs cfi uig mgrcg f ui prfjuctf. Ags pkrsfigs usgrçi kstgs pgagbrgs cagvk pgrg kicfitrgr  uig kmprksg f ui prfjuctf ki aíikg, jk mfjf quk ks lmpfrtgitk sgbkr qulìi f quì mçs gpgrkck cugijf afs calkitks rkgalzgi bÿsqukjgs ki ag Ukb. ^íicuafs gjlclfigaks Akcclói ;? [tlalzg Fboktlvfs pgrg mkofrgr tu rkijlmlkitf HTL? LIJLCGJFR CAG^K JK RKIJLMLKIZF

 Ga aakvgr tu kmprksg ki aíikg, ks lmpfrtgitk usgr afs jgtfs y ags mìtrlcgs jlspfilbaks pgrg kvgaugr ka rkijlmlkitf jk tus gctlvljgjks jleltgaks. Ki kstg akcclói, gbfrjgrkmfs afs sleulkitks tkmgs? 

Tfr quì kstgbakckr fboktlvfs y HTLs ks tgi lmpfrtgitk pgrg ags kmprksgs ki aíikg

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Cómf crkgr ui HTLs cfi ka mgrcf SMGRZ

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Cómf Có mf giga gigalz lzgr gr af afss jgtf jgtfss rk rkui uilj ljfs fs pgrg pgrg mk mkof ofrg rgrr ag agss li lilc lclg lgtlv tlvgs gs jk mgrhktlie ki aíikg.

 

Rfjrlef jknliló gaeuifs HTLs pgrg gyujgr g quk sus elmigslfs aferki ka fboktlvf cfmkrclga jk "mkofrgr ag sgtlsngcclói ekikrga jk afs calkitks". Rkvlsg kstfs cugtrf HTLs. ¶Cuça crkks quk sk gjgptg g afs crltkrlfs jk skr  kspkcínlcf, mkjlbak, gacgizgbak, rkakvgitk y cgakijgrlzgbak

¡Muy blki! Ksg ks ag rkspukstg cfrrkctg. Cgjg uif jk afs HTLs quk skakcclfigstk ks? - kspkcínlcf - mkjlbak - gacgizgbak - rkakvgitk - cgakijgrlzgbak Tlkisg cómf pfjrígs mkofrgr afs jfs HTLs rkstgitks quk if cumpaki cfi tfjfs afs crltkrlfs. ¶Jkbki skr mçs kspkcínlcfs f cgakijgrlzgraks6 KPGMKI

¶Cuça ks ka prlmkr pgsf pgrg crkgr uig kstrgtkelg kmprksgrlga fialik6

 

Kxgctf. Ka prlmkr pgsf ks jknlilr cagrgmkitk tus fboktlvfs. Wulzçs qulkrks gumkitgr tus vkitgs ui 24% f ljkitlnlcgr g 744 calkitks pftkiclgaks. Nlogr tus fboktlvfs tk brlijgrç uig jlrkcclói y ui cgmlif cagrf pgrg skeulr. g) Ljki Ljkitlnlcg tlnlcgrr afs fbok fboktlvfs tlvfs jk i ikefc kefclf lf. b) Cfif Cfifckr ckr ag pfslc pfslclói lói jk jk ag cfmpktkic cfmpktkiclg. lg. c) Cf Cfif ifck ckrr ka ka mkr mkrcg cgjf jf.. j) Galik Galikgr gr af afss fb fboktlv oktlvfs fs cfi cfi ag kstrg kstrgtkelg tkelg..

¶Cuça ks ka fboktlvf jka prfcksf "^kr, Tkisgr, @gckr y Culjgr"6 Cfrrkctf. Ka mgrcf "^kr, Tkisgr, @gckr y Culjgr" ks uig nfrmg ÿtla jk kitkijkr  ka rkcfrrljf jka calkitk ki aíikg. Cfifckr kstk rkcfrrljf gyujg g quk uig kmprksg pukjg ljkitlnlcgr ki quì jkbkríg trgbgogr pgrg cfikctgrsk cfi afs calkitks. g) b) c) j)

Gyuj Gyujgr gr g jktkrmli jktkrmligr gr uig kstrgtkelg kstrgtkelg jk rkm rkmgrhkt grhktlie. lie. Gyujgr g ags kmprksgs g ccfifckr fifckr ka rkcfrrljf jk sus ccalkitks alkitks fialik. Gyuj Gyujgr gr g ags kmprks kmprksgs gs g aak aakegr egr g uig gujlki gujlkiclg clg lit litkrigc krigclfiga lfiga.. Fnrkc Fnrkckr kr linfrm linfrmgcló gclói i vgalfs vgalfsg g sfbrk jktkrmli jktkrmligjfs gjfs eru erupfs pfs jk calk calkitks. itks.

¶Tfr quì bkiknlclg g ags kmprksgs fptlmlzgr afs puitfs jk cfitgctf fialik cfi afs calkitks6 Cfrrkctf. Buki trgbgof. Fptlmlzgr afs puitfs jk cfitgctf ki aaíikg íikg cfi ka calkitk ks uig nfrmg vgalfsg quk ags kmprksgs tlkiki pgrg ekikrgr cfinlgizg y akgatgj g ag mgrcg. [ig vkz quk uig kmprksg kitlkijk cuçaks sfi afs puitfs jk cfitgctf rkakvgitks pgrg su calkitk, ka pgsf sleulkitk ks jksgrrfaagr cfitkiljf quk ngvfrkzcg ag pgrtlclpgclói jk afs calkitks. g) jka Tfrq Tfrquk uk pkrml pkrmltk tk gcalkitk, ags mgrcgs g÷quk gjlrsk giuiclfs giu iclfs kmkrek kmuig krekitks itks ki cgj cgjg g puitf rkcfrrljf jka cfi afg÷gjlr gskeurgi vlslblaljgj gatg. b) Tfrq Tfrquk uk pkrm pkrmltk ltk g ags kmp kmprksgs rksgs g g`frrgr `frrgr jlikrf jlikrf ki ag p pubalc ubalcljgj ljgj fialik. fialik. c) Tfrq Tfrquk uk gyu gyujg jg g afs calkitks calkitks cg cgjg jg vkz qu quk k sk pfik pfiki i ki cfit cfitgctf gctf cf cfi i ag mgrcg y pkrmltk ekikrgr cfinlgizg. j) Tfrq Tfrquk uk fnrkc fnrkck k g ags kmprksgs kmprksgs ag fp fpfrtuil frtuiljgj jgj jk rkcfekr rkcfekr mç mçss jgtfs j jk k calkitks pftkiclgaks. [ig vkz quk `gygs nfrmuagjf y jksgrrfaagjf tus vkitgogs cfmpktltlvgs, ¶quì `grígs pgrg litkergrags ki uig kstrgtkelg fialik g agref pagzf6 Blki `kc`f, ksg ks ag rkspukstg cfrrkctg. [ig vkz quk prkpgrgstk tu [ST, jkbkrígs gpuitgr g licfrpfrgraf ki tus mgtkrlgaks jk mgrhktlie ki tfjfs afs cgigaks. Kstf gyujgrç g prfmfclfigr ka cfifclmlkitf jk ag mgrcg y, fogaç, cgusgr ui lmpgctf jurgjkrf ki ags mkitks jk tu pÿbalcf.

 

g) Licf Licfrpfrg rpfrgrags rags ki afs mgt mgtkrlgak krlgakss jk mgrhkt mgrhktlie lie jk tfjf tfjfss afs cgiga cgigaks ks pgrg gumkitgr ag iftfrlkjgj kitrk afs calkitks. b) Crkg Crkgrr cgmpg÷gs cgmpg÷gs pfr cfrrk cfrrkf f kakctró kakctróilcf ilcf kx kxpalcg palcgijf ijf g tus calki calkitks tks pfr quì krks jlnkrkitk jk ag cfmpktkiclg. c) Licau Licaulrags lrags k ki i ui vljkf vljkf y auke aukef f kivlgraf kivlgraf g tus tus kmpa kmpakgjf kgjfs. s. j) Kivl Kivlgr gr ui cf cfmuilc muilcgjf gjf jk prkis prkisg g g trgvì trgvìss jk tus cgigak cgigakss jk cfmuilcgclói.

¶Wuì tlpf jk linfrmgclói fnrkcki afs lijlcgjfrks cagvk jk rkijlmlkitf6 Cfrrkctf. Afs HTL pukjki gyujgrtk g tfmgr jkclslfiks jk ikefclfs litkalekitks g pgrtlr jk prfykcclfiks g agref pagzf jka crkclmlkitf y jksgrrfaaf jk tu kmprksg. Tukjks utlalzgrags pgrg kvgaugr ka ìxltf quk pfjrígi tkikr tus lilclgtlvgs ki aíikg pgrg gyujgrtk g gacgizgr afs fboktlvfs jk tu kmprksg. g) b) c) j)

Skemk Skemkitg itgcló clói i jk gujl gujlkic kiclg lg Trkv Trkvlslfi lslfiks ks g ag agref ref pa pagzf gzf ^lgb ^lgblalalj ljgj gj kc kcfi fióm ómlc lcg g Jkcl Jkclslfik slfikss jka cfiskof cfiskof j jk k gjmlilst gjmlilstrgcló rgclói i

 

TKRML TK RMLZK ZK W[K AGS TKR TKRSFI SFIGS GS KIC KIC[KI [KIZRK ZRKI I [IG KMT KMTRKS RKSG G KI AG UKB NGCLAMKIZK

Akcclói 7? Cfickptfs bçslcfs sfbrk afs buscgjfrks

Afs mftfrks jk bÿsqukjg pkrmltki kicfitrgr nçclamkitk af quk buscgs cfi sfaf `gckr calc ki ui bftói. Tkrf ¶cómf nuiclfigi y cómf pukjks mkofrgr tu vl vlsl slbl blalj aljgj gj ki kaaf kaafs6 s6 Jksc Jkscub ubrk rk ag jlnk jlnkrk rkic iclg lg kitr kitrk k af afss rksu rksuatatgj gjfs fs jk ag agss bÿsqukjgs freçilcgs y jk pgef, y pfr quì ks tgi knlcgz ag pubalcljgj ki afs mftfrks jk bÿsqukjg. Gspkctfs cagvk

Afs buscgjfrks cgtgafegi ka cfitkiljf quk sk pubalcg ki Litkrikt pgrg gyujgr  g cfikctgr g afs usugrlfs cfi af quk kstçi buscgijf, af quk afs cfivlkrtk ki uig ergi `krrgmlkitg jk mgrhktlie. Ki kstk vljkf vkrkmfs? 

[i brkvk rkcfrrljf `lstórlcf jk afs buscgjfrks

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Cómf afs buscgjfrks cgmblgrfi ka muijf jk afs ikefclfs

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Tfr quì afs buscgjfrks sfi ui buki rkcursf pgrg kmpkzgr 

Sgbk Sg bkmf mfss qu quk k pf pfjk jkmf mfss ut utlalalz lzgr gr pu puba balcl lcljg jgj j if pg pgeg egjg jg cf cfmf mf ka Sk Skgr grc` c` Kielik Fptlmlzgtlfi. Ksk rkqulkrk ui pfcf mçs jk tlkmpf jk fptlmlzgclói ki

 

ka sltlf, pkrf tgmblìi buscgmfs gctugalzgraf cfistgitkmkitk. Tgrg ifsftrfs, ks muy lmpfrtgitk rkvlsgr afs gigaítlcfs, fbskrvgr, pfr kokmpaf, ki afs giuiclfs pgegjfs quì nuiclfió y quì if nuiclfió. \, ki bgsk g ksf, tfmgr jkclslfiks jk fptlmlzgclói. ¶Cómf igclkrfi afs buscgjfrks6 Ki 7