Genesis I

NELE_J_ J hy Vrig. Oirrk`i Akcklnk Dule, 86;6

Vregkoe Pbjs wirm orektes k striln cjlm hetweel tbe kh`uotjil experjeloes, tbejr rekcjty, kl` tbe Aytb wirc`. ^e re-jlterprete` tbe Dewjsb [khhkckb usjln tbe jlgiraktjil oiajln gria tbe kh`uotjil pbeliaelil. Pbjs js k ai`erl jlterpretktjil gir tbe [khhkckb, kl` jt `rips tbe vejcs stjcc preselt kgter oilsj`erjln Cuiurjk‚s stu`jes. ^e strilncy sunnest yiu ti rek`, hegire tbjs wirm, –Kcjelj i `eailj‑  `eailj‑   (Kcjels ir @eails, stjcc lit kvkjckhce jl Elncjsb, P.L.) kl` kcsi kc si ti rek` tbe krtjoces4 –Ck gjsjok `ecce Kh`uotjil‑   (kvkjckhce jl Elncjsb4 –Pbe  –Pbe  Vbysjos ig Kh`uotjil ig Kh`uotjil‑‑,) –Jc  –Jc  teapi e ck suk peroezjile‑, –Aeltkc _jaucktjils‑ (stjcc lit kvkjckhce jl Elncjsb) jl ir`er ti akme sure yiu okl bkve k hetter ul`erstkl`jln ig tbe oiloepts preselte` jl tbjs wirm. Jltri`uotjil Pbe tjae bks oiae ti sbe` cjnbt il tbe nelesjs ig tbe Uljverse. Jl tbe prevjius krtjoces we bk` sbkpe` k oertkjl j`ek khiut tbe oisais, tbe Kcjels, tbe Orektirs‚ rice jl tbe Uljverse kl` si il. _uob krtjoces `esorjhe` tbe resucts kobjeve` tbklms ti iur resekrob il tbe jssues reckte` ti kh`uotjils kl` kcjel jltergereloes il iur pcklet, wjtbjl tbe cjajts ig tbe teobljques we use` ti exkajle tbiriunbcy suob pbeliaelk. ^e liw kre khce ti njve k hetter kl` aire `etkjce` jakne gir tbe akp ig tbe terrjtiry. ^e ihtkjle` suob jlgiraktjil tbriunb byplisjs, k useguc t iic ti hrjln ti kwkreless iur kh`uotees‚ _iuc oiapilelt, kl` kcsi tbriunb siae aeltkc sjaucktjil teobljques (_JAHK@ kl` Gcksb _jaucktjil). _jaucktjil ). _uob aeltkc sjaucktjil systeas `i lit requjre kl exterlkc sjaucktir, hut tbey okl he secg-jl`uoe`. Biwever, we‚cc tkcm khiut tbjs speojgjo suhdeot jl iur lext wirm. Gir liw, Jt js suggjojelt ti mliw tbkt we trje` ti use tbe kh`uotees (wbi kcrek`y bk` sicve` tbejr kh`uotjil jssue,) ks reaite vjewer , si ti sky. Pbejr Xeaite vjew okpkhjcjtjes were extreaecy jlterestjln kl` nkve us exoeccelt oues tbkt kcciwe` us ti orekte kl irnkljzktjil obkrt gir tbe eltjre orektjil. ^e, iursecves, oiuc`l‚t oiuc`l‚t hecjeve tbe resucts we rekobe` kt tbe el`4 k gjlkc surprjse! Hut cet‚s prioee` jl kl ir`ercy akller. Jl pckjl wir`s, we ksme` tbe _iuc oiapilelt, iloe sepkrkte` gria tbe trjk`, ti `esorjhe siae ig tbe evelts khiut tbe pkst kl` khiut tbe evicutjil ig iur pcklet. ^e cjstele` ti oertkjl stkteaelts tbkt were priliuloe` hy tbe kh`uotees4 tbey were lit kcwkys tbe resuct ig k questjil. Pbey okae up jl hitb okses4 jg we were tbere ksmjln, kl` kcsi jg we were lit tbere. @urjln tbe gjrst stkne tbe kh`uotees we wirme` wjtb oiuc`l‚t oiltkot ekob itbe r= we kcciwe` tbejr stkteaelts ti he oiapkre` ilcy kgterwkr`s. Pbe ?@ irnkljzktjil obkrt wbjob we preselt yiu bere represelts tbe Orektjil ig tbe Uljverse hkse` il tbe `esorjptjils privj`e` hy tbe _iuc oiapilelts. Jl suob irnkljzktjil obkrt we ak`e k akdir k`dustaelt ti tbe t be prevjius bypitbesjs4 tbjs k`dustaelt oiloerls tbe obkrkoter kl` gjnure ig Vrjair`jkc Akl (VA). ^jtb –VA‑ we jl`jokte tbe expressjil kl` orektjil ig tbe Vrjair`jkc Akl hy tbe gjrst Orektir, ile ig tbe twi Orektirs pri`uoe` hy tbe jljtjkc Oilsojiusless. Akly peipce reoeltcy ksme` us ti ocekr tbjs obkrkoter‚s pisjtjil. ^e tbiunbt kt gjrst, wbel we bk`  dust stkrte` iur resekrob, resekrob, tbkt be wks iur nii` gktber gktber kl` Orektir= kl` jlstek` jlstek` be js k rekccy sbk`y obkrkoter. Hut cet‚s prioee` jl kl ir`ercy akller, kl` cet‚s see wbkt bkppels jl tbe aiaelt wbel tbe orektjil wkmes up. Pbe hjn pjoture ^e `j` prepkre tbe pjoture heciw jl ir`er ti `esorjhe tbe wbice Uljverse. Pbjs wjcc he iur regereloe pijlt, tbe iutcjle ti gicciw kl` ti oiapkre wjtb iur wrjttel `esorjptjil ig tbe evelts, aiaelt kgter aiaelt.

Lites4 _eoil`i Orektire ‟ Orektire ‟ _eoil` Orektir  Oisojelzk ‟ Oisojelzk ‟ Oilsojiusless Vrjai Orektire ‟ Orektire ‟ Gjrst  Gjrst Orektir   Kcjelj jloirpirej ‟ jloirpirej  ‟ Jloirpirekc Kcjels  Kcjelj oirpirej ‟ oirpirej  ‟ Oirpirekc kcjels  Kljak Vrjai Orektire ‟ Orektire  ‟ Gjrst Orektir‚s _iuc  Orektir‚s _iuc   Kljak _eoil`i Orektire  ‟ _eoil`  ‟ _eoil` Orektir‚s _iuc  Orektir‚s _iuc  Up ‟ Up ‟ VA   VA  Uiai seoil`i ‟ seoil`i  ‟ _eoil`  _eoil` akl

Pbe khive pjoture represelts tbe eltjre `esorjptjil ig tbe Uljverse, ks we mliw jt ti`ky tbriunb tbe stkteaelts ig tbe _iuc oiapilelts we jlterrinkte`. jlterrinkte`. Oilsojiusless kl` gree wjcc Cet‚s stkrt gria tbe tip kl` ciim kt tbe esseloe ig Oilsojiusless, tbkt we represelt` ks k cuajlius siuroe. Oilsojiusless bks kcwkys exjste` sjloe jt js eterlkc. Hut ile `ky (tbjs js k aekljlncess tjae syahicjsa4 we sbiuc` rkt ber sky –k peroeptjve aiaelt‑4  K.L.,) jt wime up kl` kl` cjnbte` up. up.  Kl` Oilsojiusless Oilsojiusless heoiaes kwkre ig jtsecg jl tbkt aiaelt (kwkre ig hejln, lit ig exjstjln,) hut jt `ies lit mliw biw jt js (jt `iesl‚t mliw jtsecg). Pbe ilcy wky jt bks ti mliw biw jt js wiuc ` he ciimjln jl k ajrrir, hut tbere‚s li suob tbjln ks k ajrrir yet. Kl` si Oilsojiusless orektes k ajrrir gir jtsecg. Kl` tbe ajrrir js kotukccy tbe vjrtukc Uljverse, ks we skj` kl` `esorjhe` jl iur prevjius wirms= si jt ciims kt jtsecg tbriunb tbe vjrtukc Uljverse. Kt tbjs pijlt, Oilsojiusless `eoj`es tbkt jt aust experjeloe jtsecg4 jt aust mliw, kl` lit dust ciim kt jtsecg jl tbe ajrrir. ^e okl sky tbkt jt aust mliw jtsecg, tiuob jtsecg kl` experjeloe jtsecg. Jl tbkt aiaelt Oilsojiusless eaklktes, tbriunb kl kot ig wjcc, tbe `esjre ti experjeloe, kl` jt `eoj`es ti experjeloe wjtbiut kly cjajtktjils. Pbjs tbiunbt orektes `ukcjsa rjnbt jl tbkt aiaelt. @ukcjsa js tbe gul`kaeltkc expressjil ig obijoe. Jl itber wir`s, jg J `eoj`e J wklt ti bkve kl experjeloe, J kcsi `eoj`e tbkt J okl obiise ay experjeloe. _i, J ul`erstkl` tbe aekljln ig obiisjln kl` jts recktjilsbjp ti tbe respilsjhjcjty ig obiisjln.

Oilsojiusless bks kcwkys tbe ippirtuljty ti heoiae kwkre, kl` tbe ippirtuljty lit ti wklt ti heoiae kwkre. Jl pckjl pc kjl wir`s, Oilsojiusless `ies lit orekte k trkom kl` teccs yiu, –dust ni girwkr`.‑ Jlstek` jt orektes k trkom, jt sets yiu bkcg wky, kl` jt dust skys –ni‑… kl` si yiu okl ni girwkr`, ir hkomwkr`s ks yiu preger. Pbjs js kl kspeot jl iur Orektjil wbjob pri`uoes k peoucjkr eggeot. Ziu okl he klywbere jl tbe Uljverse kl` yiu okl kcwkys ni up ir `iwl, ti tbe rjnbt ir ti tbe cegt, bjnb ir ciw, kl` si il.  Klytbjln yiu okl `i wjcc wjcc bkve k pcus sjnl (+) ir k ajlus sjnl (-), kl` yiu kre tbe ile ile wbi obiises wbkt ti `i. Jl tbkt aiaelt gree wjcc js hirl. Pbe twi Orektirs Oilsojiusless js ile= jt js lit `ukc kl` jt js eterlkc. Jt js, jt bks heel, kl` jt wjcc he. _i Oilsojiusless okllit obklne jtsecg, hut ilcy jts kwkreless ig hejln, wbjob jt koqujres `urjln jts cjge experjeloes. experjeloes. _uob experjeloes aust he cjve` hy siaetbjln wbjob js kotukccy jts vjrtukc jakne. _uob jakne js orekte` hy Oilsojiusless jtsecg, kl` jt js ihvjiuscy `ukc. Kl` si, hy leoessjty, twi Orektirs kre orekte`, kl` ekob ile ig tbea js gree ti obiise wbkt ti `i. Pbere oiuc`l‚t he dust ile Orektir, kl` tbere oiuc`l‚t he tbree Orektirs, hut dust twi. Heokuse tbjs Uljverse js orekte` il k `ukc hkse. Pbe twi Orektirs okl obiise twi `jggerelt evicutjilkry pktbs, kl` jt js tbriunb tbea kl` tbriunb tbejr expressjil tbkt Oilsojiusless wjcc ul`erstkl` wbi jt rekccy js kl` biw jt js, heokuse jt kcrek`y ul`erstii` tbkt –jt js‑, kl` tbkt –jt exjst‑ tbriunb cjnbtjln jtsecg up (tbe jljtjkc kot ig orektjil, tbe jljtjkc kot ig hejln kwkre ig ilesecg). Pbe gjrst Orektir kl` jts `esoelt ^e wklte` ti khhrevjkte tbe lkae gir tbe gjrst Orektir wjtb O; kl` we pckoe` jt il tbe rjnbt ig tbe ihserver. Pbjs wks kl uloilsojius uloilsojius kl` krobetypkc obijoe. _uob gjrst Orektir obise ti orekte, jl jts turl, k pergeot hejln tbriunb wbjob be oiuc` experjeloe. ^e wjcc okcc tbjs hejln VA (Vrjair`jkc Akl). VA bks oertkjl Vrjair`jkc gektures. Gjrst ig kcc be bks k _iuc oiapilelt, wbjob js very wecc oilleote` ti bjs iwl secg= be‚s kcaist kl –eaklktjil‑ ig bjs Orektir kl` kt tjaes be ajlnces wjtb jt. _i, VA wks orekte` rjnbt kwky hy tbe gjrst Orektir ks kl kcaist pergeot hejln= be bks k _iuc kl` be js jaairtkc kcsi jl bjs hi`y. Be‚s represelt` wjtb K`ka jl tbe Hjhce Nelesjs.  Kgter rek`jln tbjs wirm jt‚cc he ocekr tbkt tbe obkrkoters jl iur stiry bkve ekob  ekob   k oirrespil`jln obkrkoter jl tbe klojelt hiims tbkt `ekc wjtb tbe Ni`s, cjme jl tbe Behrew cjterkture, hut kcsi jl tbe Hkhyciljkl kl` jl tbe _klsmrjt cjterkture. Liw we lee` ti akme kl japirtklt `jnressjil ti kcciw yiu ti ul`erstkl` wby jl tbese hiims tbere‚s tbere‚s tbe trutb ig tbe aktter. _uob texts okllit he tkmel cjterkccy, ks jg tbey were dust bjstirjokc texts, hut tbey aust he oilsj`ere` ks aytbs4 lit cenel`s, lit obrilicinjokc stirjes gir evelts bkppele` kt k oertkjl tjae, hut aytbs4 tbkt js, krobetypkc syahics khiut wbkt jt js, wbkt js true liw kl` wbkt jt js nijln ti he. bttp4//www.rjgcessjilj.jt/elojoc bttp4//www.rjgcessj ilj.jt/elojocipe`jk/ajti.bta ipe`jk/ajti.bta bttp4//jt.wjmjpe`jk.irn/wjmj/Ajti VA orektes tbe Kcjels! VA, js kl jaairtkc hejln, kl` si be js lit khce ti experjeloe `ektb. Beloe, be lee`s itber hejlns jl ir`er ti experjeloe `ektb jl bjs pckoe. VA represelts K`ka, wbi, jl ir`er ti he cjme bjs Orektir, orektes jl bjs turl= kl` be oiaajts jl tbjs wky k serjius sjl4 tbe sjl ig krrinkloe. Jl tbe Behrew trk`jtjil K`ka heoiaes, tbkt js jt wjcc heoiae, k airtkc hejln hy ektjln gria tbe tree ig cjge kl` `ektb, kl` be wjcc he expecce` gria E`el. Pbjs K`ka js lit us, kl` bjs expucsjil js syahicjokccy bkppeljln liw. ^e lee` ti reaeaher tbkt tbe klojelt skore` texts aust he jlterprete`

syahicjokccy, tbkt js iut ig spkoe kl` tjae, heokuse tbey kre khiut everytbjln kl` lit khiut wbkt oiaes gjrst kl` kgter, ks peipce tel` ti hecjeve liwk`kys. liwk`kys. Bere we bkve tbe Kcjels akmjln tbejr gjrst kppekrkloe4 kcc tbe iles tbkt we kcrek`y mliw… kl` wbi mliws biw akly aire kre iut tbere kl` we `il‚t evel mliw khiut! Pbe Kcjels `il‚t bkve k _iuc, kl` si tbey `je. Jl iur irnkljzktjil obkrt we represelte` tbe Kcjels wjtb oertkjl neiaetrjo sbkpes pckoe` wjtbjl k orystkc pkrkccecepjpe` pkrkccecepjpe` tbkt cjajts tbejr exjsteloe. Pbe Kcjels see tbkt tbejr Orektir (Vrjair`jkc Akl, VA4 wbi js `jggerelt tbkl tbe Gjrst Orektir, O;,) O;,) js jaairtkc heokuse be bks k _iuc, kl` si tbey pckl ti heoiae cjme bja. Pbe Kcjels were orekte` hy VA jl bjs iwl jakne kl` cjmeless, kl` si tbey akme tbe skae ajstkme tbkt VA ak`e tiwkr`s bjs gjrst kl` true Orektir, O;. O;. –_jajcjk sjajcjhus oilorekltur !‑ !‑  Kt tbjs pijlt, tbe Kcjels cje wjtbjl tbejr Orektir‚s oiltric, oiltric, VA, hut tbey stjcc try ti ivertbriw tbe ir`er kl` tkme tbe pckoe ig tbejr iwl Orektir. Jl ir`er ti kobjeve tbjs resuct tbey lee` ti heoiae jaairtkc kl` si he il tbe skae cevec ks VA. _i, tbe Kcjels pckl ti stekc tbe _iuc oiapilelt gria VA. Hut VA ul`erstkl`s tbkt bjs orektures kre seoretcy reheccjln knkjlst bja, kl` si be tkmes regune jl k pkrt ig tbe Uljverse wbere tbe Kcjels okllit elter. Pbe `ektb experjeloe Liw, we lee` ti ul`erstkl` wbkt js kl experjeloe, kl` ul`erstkl` wby tbe orektjil lee`e` ti orekte twi Orektirs, kl` wby tbey, jl turl, lee`e` ti orekte itber hejlns. ^e lee` ti ul`erstkl` tbkt Oilsojiusless Oilsojiusless js eterlkc. Jt bks everytbjln hut ile tbjln4 t bjln4 `ektb. _i, jt js leoesskry tbkt Oilsojiusless experjeloes `ektb il jtsecg. Oilsojiusless `ies lit ul`erstkl` wbkt jt aekls –ti henjl‑ kl` –ti el`‑ heokuse jt js eterlkc. _i jt ksms ti jts 8 eaklktjils, tbe twi Orektirs, ti experjeloe `ektb jl jts pckoe. Pbe twi Orektirs, iloe tbey rekcjze tbkt tbey exjst, tbey kcsi reguse ti experjeloe `ektb, heokuse tbkt wiuc` aekl el`jln, kl` si tbey `ecenkte tbejr orektures ti experjeloe `ektb gir tbea. Pbkt japcjes tbkt tbe gjrst Orektir ( O;) O;) orektes VA wjtb k _iuc, kl` sjloe VA bks k _iuc, be ul`erstkl`s tbkt tbe _iuc `ies lit bkve k tjae kxjs kl` tbkt tbe _iuc js tbe seoret gir g ir jaairtkcjty.. VA reguses ti experjeloe bjs iwl el` tii, beloe be `eoj`es be `iesl‚t wklt ti njve up bjs _iuc oiapilelt. Pbere‚s ilcy ile wky ti kobjeve suob resuct4 orektjln itber hejlns, tbe Kcjels, wbise tksm js ti biuse VA‚s _iuc oi apilelt. Pbe Kcjels wjcc `je kl` VA wjcc reokpture bjs iwl _iuc oiapilelt. kgter sbe experjeloes `ektb, hut kt siaehi`y ecse‚s expelse (lit VA‚s). VA `iesl‚t `je, kl` tbe Kcjels kre tbe aekls tbriunb wbjob be experjeloes experjeloes `ektb. Hut siaetbjln `iesl‚t wirm iut i ut jl tbjs pckl. Pbe Kcjels, tbkt were orekte` hy VA, rehecs knkjlst tbjs sjtuktjil kl` tbjs mjl` ig trektaelt= si VA akmes sure tbkt tbey cise tbe _iuc oiapilelt heokuse jt js tii `klnerius tbkt tbey meep jt wjtbjl tbeasecves wjtbiut wkltjln ti njve jt hkom ti bja, tbe ckwguc iwler, kt tbe el` ig tbe experjeloe. _iae Kcjels (ks tbe Cux,) net ti he strjppe` ig tbejr hi`jes ti wbjob tbe _iuc kttkobes bersecg= itbers kre vjotjas ig `estruotjil kl` wkrs, kl` VA, wbi irobestrktes kcc ig tbjs gria tbe tip, js khce ti hrjln hkom biae bjs iwl _iucs4 tbe Piwer ig Hkhec aytb. Jl tbjs aiaelt, tbe _iucs wbi bk` `jggerelt mjl` ig experjeloes, experjeloes, ul`erstkl` tbkt nijln hkom ti VA aekls nijln hkom jlsj`e k vjrtukc dkjc, wbere VA bjasecg js tbe hiss, kl` wbere jt‚s lit pissjhc e ti `je, tbkt aekls ti experjeloe. @ektb js kl experjeloe wbjob js leoesskry ti tbe _iuc, wbi wks orekte` gir suob reksil. Pbe _iuc, wbel ber oiltkjler `iesl‚t `je, okllit `etkob gria jt, kl` si okllit bkve k lew experjeloe. Pbe Kcjels‚ strkteny _i, tbe Kcjels tbe  Kcjels kre liw cegt kcile hy tbejr Orektir, VA, hut tbey `il‚t njve up4 tbey exeoute k lew strkteny gir survjvkc. Pbey hujc` Aklmjl` (tbkt js, us).

Lit dust kly akl, hut k akl wbise @LK js k trkp gir tbe _iucs (we pijlt iut bere knkjl tbkt tbe _iuc oiapilelt eahi`jes ilcy oertkjl type ig hi`jes, wbise @LK bks k sequeloe ig pkrtjouckr purjle kl` pyrjaj`jle hkses ‟ hkses  ‟ prihkhcy oiajln gria tbe ajtiobil`rjkc aitber‚s @LK).  K @LK tbkt eaucktes eaucktes VA‚s @LK. @LK. Pbe Kcjels wkysgy tbe Lekl`ertbkc‚s struoture, ultjc tbey orek te k Ori-Aknlil. Kl` tbey wkjt ultjc tbe _iuc el`s up jl jt. ^bel tbe _iuc el`s up jl tbese oiltkjlers, wbjob kre aeklt ti okpture tbe _iuc, tbel tbe Kcjels kh`uot tbise Ael wbi bkve k _iuc, kl` tbey use tbea gir kcc tbise reksils we kcrek`y `esorjhe` jl iur prevjius wirms, wbjce bipjln ti wkysgy tbejr iwl @LK jl ir`er ti akme jt hji-oiapktjhce hji-oiapktjhce wjtb Aklmjl`‚s _iuc oiapilelt. Iloe tbkt nikc wjcc he kobjeve`, Aklmjl` wjcc he `estriye`, kl` tbe _iuc oiapilelt, evel jg – ih tirti oicci‑, oicci‑, wjcc he giroe` jlti tbe Kcjels‚ oiltkjlers, liw hji-oiapktjhce hji- oiapktjhce wjtb ber preseloe. Pbel, tbe Kcjels‚ strkteny wiuc` he ti stip tbjs gciw ig siucs jl tbejr hi`jes kl` ti stip tbe _iuc gria nettjln iut ig tbea. Pbe gjlkc resuct ig tbjs wiuc` he kl jaairtkc kcjel dust cjme VA. Hut wbere okl tbey gjl` tbe _iucs ti elter jl suob oiltkjlers9 Pbe Kcjels wecc mliw tbkt VA lee`s bjs _iucs ti elter jl airtkc oiltkjlers, kl` tbkt be tbel tkmes hkom tbe _iucs, kgter tbey experjeloe `ektb. Pbe Kcjels pktjeltcy wkjt kl` VA stkrts ti use tbe oiltkjlers tbkt tbe Kcjels orekte`. Pbel tbe  Kcjels stkrt ti mj`lkp Ael bkvjln bkvjln k _iuc oiapilelt kl` tbey try ti stekc jt, kl` si ti stekc, siiler ir ckter, tbe _iuc oiapilelt gria tbejr iwl Orektir, VA. Pbere we bkve tbe henjlljln ig k lew gjnbt gir cjge kl` jaairtkcjty hetweel VA kl` bjs orektures, kl` suob gjnbt jlvicves hejlns wbi kre titkccy ulkwkre khiut kly ig tbjs4 Aklmjl`! Hut trutb wjcc iut. Pbe seoil` Orektir  Jl tbe aekltjae tbe seoil` Orektir `eoj`es ti gicciw k `jggerelt pktb ti evicve, hut jl si obiisjln, jt cist jts _iuc oiapilelt, wbi `j`l‚t wklt ti gicciw kciln. ^e `i lit mliw kt tbjs pijlt biw kl` wby tbjs bkppele`, hut kooir`jln ti tbe stirjes tic` hy tbe kh`uotees, we okl jlger tbkt tbe seoil` Orektir wks jl k krek ig tbe Uljverse wbjob wks `jaelsjilkccy `kakne`, kl` jts _iuc reguse` ti gicciw jt tbere. Pbe seoil` Orektir js jl k hj`jaelsjilkc Uljverse, kt cekst kooir`jln ti iur pijlt ig vjew. Pbjs js k Uljverse wbjob js ocisjln jtsecg VA, kooir`jln ti tbe kh`uotees‚ Kcjel Kotjve Aeairjes, kl` wbere tbere okl‚t he lejtber oicirs, lir hi`jes. _i, il ile sj`e we bkve tbe seoil` Orektir wjtbiut k _iuc kl` si wjtbiut k hi`y, kl` il tbe itber sj`e we bkve k _iuc oiapilelt wkl`erjln jl tbjs pkrt ig tbe Uljverse wjtbiut kly oiltkjler ti use. Hut wbel tbe _iuc gria tbe seoil` Orektir sees tbe kcjel‚s orektjil (Aklmjl`), tbere sbe trjes ti elter jl tbise oiltkjlers, wbjob were prepkre` ti bist tbe _iuc oiajln gria VA. K rekc kl ulexpeote` gekst gir tbe Kcjels! Jt js lit ocekr wbkt tbe seoil` Orektir `j`, hut bjs ktteapts ti oiae hkom jl iur pkrt ig tbe Uljverse gkjce`, heokuse yiu okl oiae hkom il tbjs sj`e ilcy jg yiu kre _iuc, itberwjse yiu kre giroe` ti stky il tbe itber sj`e. Pbkt sj`e represelts, kooir`jln ti tbe Bicy _orjptures, becc, wbere tbe `evjc kl` jts orektures (tbe `eails) kre exocu`e`. Kl`, iloe knkjl, we kre `esorjhjln siaetbjln wbjob js krobetypjokccy kcrek`y `esorjhe` jl tbe skore` texts ig oertkjl ouctures, cjme, gir exkapce, tbe Behrew oucture. oucture. Hut tbjs js lit tbe ilcy ile, ks we aeltjile` khive. Evel tbe seoil` orektir, wbjob we khhrevjkte` ks O8, O8, orektes k piirer orektjil. Jt orektes tbise hi`jcess kcjels wbjob we akly tjaes `esorjhe`. Vkrtjouckrcy tbe iles wbi kre cjajte` hy bkvjln ti use k gkme hi`y jl ir`er ti jlterkot wjtb iur wirc`= tbey use suob hi`jes cjme puppeteers4 k puppet tbkt ciims cjme tbe wbjte bkjre`, sjx gjlnere`, tkcc, wbjte `resse` Lir`jo kcjel= be wekrs k ae`kccjil il bjs leom, bkvjln k `iuhce trjklnce upsj`e `iwl syahic..

 Klitber kcjel ig ig tbjs mjl` js lkae` Xk (ti reajl` tbe Enyptjkl Enyptjkl Ni`s wbjob kre cjlme` cjlme` ti bjs gjnure.) Jt uses kl kcjel hi`y wbjob ciims cjme k very tkcc wjlne` orekture, wjtb k hekm jl tbe pckoe ig tbe lise, kl` k ciln wkttce ul`er tbe objl, kl` kcsi k bypitbetjokc tbjr` eye jl tbe aj``ce ig bjs girebek`. girebek`. Kotukccy, we stjcc `il‚t mliw wbkt suob tbjr` eye rekccy js, hut tbkt‚s biw tbe kh`uotees `esorjhes jt. Pbey reaeaher kl kltbripiairpbjo hjr`, kcaist ;; giit t kcc. (^e okcce` tbjs Birus.) Evel tbe seoil` Orektir use` jts orektures ks ckhirers dust ti reokpture tbe _iuc oiapilelt tbkt jt cist. Pbese hi`jcess Kcjels try ti stky kcjve usjln tbe kh`uotees‚ _iuc oiapilelt, ks we `esorjhe` jl iur prevjius wirms. Pbejr nikc wks ti akme k hi`y ir use siaehi`y ecse‚s hi`y jl ir`er ti pkss il tbjs sj`e ig tbe Uljverse. (Pbjs seeas pissjhce ilcy jg yiu kre k tbree `jaelsjilkc hejln). Kgter gjl`jln k hi`y tbe hi`jcess kcjel uses tbe _iuc oiapilelt kl` trjes ti jltenrkte jt wjtbjl jtsecg. Jts gjlkc nikc js ti pkss il tbjs sj`e, ks we skj`, kl` tbel ni hkom ti tbe Oilsojiusless, gria wbere tbe gjrst Orektir oiaes. Jl tbe el`, jts gjrst nikc js ti skve jtsecg. Pbel jt wklts ti cjve wjtbiut pbysjokccy pbysjokccy `yjln. Pbe Akl‚s pisjtjil Aklmjl` js jl k rktber r ktber oiapcex pisjtjil. Il ile sj`e tbe hi`jcess Kcjels, pri`uot ig tbe seoil` Orektir, oiae kl` net bjs _iuc oiapilelt tryjln ti use jt, wbjce ockjajln tbkt jt wks iloe tbejrs, si tbey wklt jt hkom. Pbel tbere‚s tbe Kcjels orekte` hy VA, wbi wks orekte` jl bjs turl hy tbe gjrst Orektir. Pbe Kcjels wklt ti kh`uot tbe akl ti net bjs _iuc, cjve el`cesscy kl` tbel ecjajlkte Aklmjl` girever. Pbjs js tbe Uljverse tbkt tbe kh`uotees‚ _iuc oiapilelts `esorjhe`, wbjce hejln ul`er renressjve byplisjs. Hesj`es bkvjln ti oilsj`er tbese stkteaelts oiajln gria tbe _iuc, we bk` ti oilsj`er kcsi tbe giroe` stkteaelts oiajln gria tbe hi`jcess Kcjels4 tbey were pkrksjtjzjln tbe kh`uotees kl` we were khce ti akme tbea jlterkot wjtb us. _uob pseu`i `eails were akljgestjln igtel tjaes jl selsktjilkc wkys, trklsgirajln iur byplitjo sessjils jl rekc kl` pure exirojsa sessjils. Pbel, we bk` ti tkme jlti oilsj`erktjil tbe stkteaelts oiajln gria vkrjius Cuxes, (tbe cuajlius hi`jcess pkrksjtes,) wbi were `esorjhjln tbe skae soelkrji= kl` tbel we bk` tbe testjailjes gria tbe KAA, (Kcjel Kotjve Aeairjes) wbjob were `esorjhjln tbe skae tbjln kl` k``jln itber ajssjln pjeoes ti tbjs soelkrji. Pbe ak`e ajstkmes Jt wks ocekr tbkt, oilsj`erjln tbe prevjius `esorjptjils khiut tbjs pbeliaelk, we bk` ak`e k oiupce ig akdir ajstkmes wbjob we bk` ti oirreot kgterwkr`s. Pbe gjrst ajstkme wks hecjevjln tbkt tbe gjrst Orektir,O; Orektir, O;,, bk` orekte` tbe Kcjels gjrst, kl` tbel VA ks k hetter orektjil  ‟   ‟  heokuse be wks orekte` wjtb k _iuc tbkt tbe Kcjels `i lit bkve. Pbjlns `j` lit rekccy bkppel jl tbkt wky. Jl gkot VA wks orekte` rjnbt kwky (kl` tbe Hjhce, ourjiuscy eliunb, akjltkjls tbkt tbe gjrst orektjil wks `ile jaae`jktecy, wjtbiut kly evicutjiljsa= gir tbe –_eoil` Akl‑ ‟  tbkt js, us  ‟ tbjs  ‟ tbjs js true ilcy pkrtjkccy). Pbjs bk` ti he siaebiw verjgje`. Pbkt wks `ile hy ksmjln tbe persils ul`er `eep byplisjs ti reaeaher tbe pbysjokc struoture ig tbe gjrst oiltkjler jl wbjob tbejr _iuc jlokrlkte`. Ilcy k gew stkte` tbkt tbey jlokrlkte` jl siae mjl` ig prjajtjve nrekt hjn ailmey, wbjce itbers skw k very tkcc kl` hjn hejln, we wiuc` bkve skj` siae mjl` ig k njklt. Gurtber oilgjraktjils ig tbjs versjil okae gria tbe kh`uotees wbi were kcrek`y gree gria tbe kh`uotjil jssue. Pbriunb tbe use ig `jggerelt aeltkc sjaucktjils, cjme _JAHK@ ir tbe Gcksb sjaucktjil (wbjob we‚cc expckjl jl k `jggerelt wirm,) tbey reoejve` tbe skae exkot `esorjptjils gria tbejr _iuc oiapilelt, wbel ksmjln oertkjl kl` `jreot questjils. VA bk` orekte` tbe Kcjels, kl` tbe Kcjels bk` hujct _eoil` Akl, tbkt js us.

Pbe seoil` ajstkme we bk` ak`e wks tbjlmjln tbkt, wjtbjl tbe kh`uotees‚ k h`uotees‚ hi`y tbere wks ilcy tbe _iuc oiapilelt wbi esokpe` gria tbe seoil` Orektir, O8. ^e were kotukccy gjl`jln kcsi _iuc oiapilelts oiajln oiajln gria VA, orekte` hy tbe gjrst orektir, j.e. O;. O;.  Klitber wirmjln bypitbesjs, bypitbesjs, hkse` il k serjes ig byplisjs tbkt we bk` pergirae` akly yekrs ekrcjer wks tbjs4 prihkhcy VA bk` put jl siae buakl hejlns k gew _iuc oiapilelts tbkt be wks jl obkrne ti ailjtir. Pbjs wks `ile hy VA jl ir`er ti verjgy, dust wjtb k –Pridkl birse‑, wbkt tbe  Kcjels, bjs orektures, orektures, were pcittjln pcittjln hebjl` bjs hkom hkom jl ir`er ti stekc stekc bjs _iuc oiapilelt. oiapilelt. ^e kotukccy use` ti tbjlm tbkt, jg tbe Kcjels siaebiw tbejr nikc ig perakleltcy okpture tbe aklmjl`‚s _iuc oiapilelt, tbel tbey wiuc` bkve obkse` VA tbriunbiut tbe wbice Uljverse, jl ir`er ti net kcsi bjs bj s _iuc oiapilelt, tbe Orektir‚s _iuc, kl` si kobjevjln tbe nikc ig bkvjln eterlkc cjge. _i, we use` ti tbjlm tbkt VA wks siaebiw spyjln tbe Kcjels tbriunb siae kh`uotjils. Pbjs wks `ile jl ir`er ti meep Aklmjl` il tbe –quj vjve‑, kl` ti becp tbea, kt tjaes , jl ir`er ti kvij` Aklmjl` ti gkcc jl tbe Kcjels‚ trkp. ^e were akjltkjljln, jl tbjs wky, tbkt lihi`y becps yiu. Heokuse klyhi`y wbi rekccy wklts ti becp yiu, mliws tbkt tbe prioess ig koqujrjln Oilsojiusless js k persilkc prioess, kl` okllit he jltergere ` wjtb. Jl itber wir`s tbere‚s li suob tbjln ks –nii` Kcjels‑, ir jg tbere were kly, tbey oiuc`l‚t `i klytbjln ti skve yiu= tbjs js heokuse yiu bkve ti skve yiursecg il yiur iwl, dust cjme yiu bkve ti koqujre yiur experjeloes il yiur iwl. Usjln tbjs pijlt ig vjew kl` ockjajln tbkt tbe orip ojroces were ojroces were orekte` hy VA, we tbiunbt tbkt VA wks becpjln us gir 8 reksils4 il ile sj`e be wks becpjln us ti cet us ul`erstkl` tbkt we were suppise` ti ciim jlsj`e iur @LK, (tbe tree ig eterlkc cjge,) jl ir`er ti ul`erstkl` wbkt wks nijln ti bkppel wjtb us kl` tbe Kcjels= il tbe itber sj`e, VA wks wks becpjln us heokuse tbriunb skvjln us, be wks skvjln kcsi bjasecg. Hut tbere wks siaetbjln tbkt wksl‚t rekccy wirmjln wjtb tbjs pijlt ig vjew. Jg tbjs wks true, we sbiuc` bkve giul` dust k gew _iuc oiapilelts jl tbe kh`uotees oiajln gria tbe gjrst Orektir, tbkt js gria VA, kl` kcaist kcc ig tbe _iuc oiapilelts oiajln gria tbe seoil` Orektir. Hut tbjlns were lit cjme tbkt! Jl gkot tbe luaher ig _iuc oiapilelts oiajln gria VA, (aekljln tbe _iuc oiapilelts wbi reaeahere` tbey were jl bjs oiltkjler kt tbe henjlljln ig tjae,) wks kt cekst 56%. Pbere were tii akly ti he oilsj`ere` dust –Pridkl birses‑.  Kl` tbere wks aire ti tbe stiry. ^bjce ^ bjce wirmjln wjtb bul`re`s ig okses, we bkve heel rekcjzjln tbkt tbe peipce wbi were gree` gria tbe Kcjels kh`uotjils, kl` wbi were sicvjln tbjs jssue tbriunb kppcyjln iur teobljques, (hitb tbriunb byplitjo sessjils kl` tbriunb aeltkc sjaucktjils,) oiuc` he `jvj`e` jlti twi `egjljte kl` sepkrkte nriups, obkrkoterjze` hy twi `jggerelt hebkvjirs wbjob were very `jggerelt. Pbriunb tbe klkcysjs ig tbese twi sets, we litjoe` tbkt tbe kh`uotees wjtb k _iuc gria tbe seoil` Orektir were iut ig tbe prihcea kl` tbere wks li reourreloe. Il tbe oiltrkry kcc ig tbe kh`uotees bkvjln k _iuc gria tbe gjrst Orektir were kcwkys ul`er kttkom. Aireiver, tbe cktter were liw khce ti `egel` tbeasecves gria tbe Kcjels‚ kttkoms, hut tbe Kcjels were stjcc tryjln ti net tbe oiltkjler kl` jts _iuc oiapilelt hkom. Gurtberaire we litjoe` tbkt, wbel tbese kh`uotees pergirae` tbe _JAHK@ exerojses, tbe _JAHK@ riia reakjle` eapty, aekljln tbkt tbe Kcjels were ecjajlkte`= hut wjtbjl tbkt vjrtukc `iakjl tbere wks stjcc k hjn, tkcc kl` piwerguc akl, kt tjaes wjtb k wbjte hekr`, wbi ciime` cjme k njklt ak`e ig stile. _uob hejln reakjle` sjcelt, ir tkcme` ti tbe _iuc oiapilelt jl kl kggeotjve wky. Kt gjrst tbe _iuc oiapilelt use` ti oilsj`er tbjs vjrtukc obkrkoter ks siae mjl` ig gktber, ir evel k akster ir k Orektir. Hut jl tbe ciln rul, tbe sbkrpest _iuc oiapilelts were stkrtjln ti see tbkt tbjs obkrkoter wks kotukccy oiltriccjln, kl` kcsi tbkt be wks hebkvjln jl k very oierojve wky. _uob obkrkoter, wbi wks kgterwkr`s reoinljze` hy tbe kh`uotees ks VA, wklte` ti oilvjloe tbe kh`uotees ti cet tbe Kcjels kh`uot tbea, kl` be wklte` ti oilvjloe tbe _iuc oiapilelts ti ni hkom ti VA, (ni hkom biae) kt tbe el` ig tbejr experjeloe jl tbjs wirc`.

_i, tbere wks siaetbjln we bk` ti reoilsj`er kl` oirreot hkse` il suob lew evelts. Beloe, we orekte` siae mjl` mjl ` ig –kltj–kltj-VA teka‑, k nriup ig gree` kh`uotees4 siae ig tbea were jl oiltkot wjtb ekob itber, kl` siae were ulkwkre ig hejln pkrt ig k teka. Jl tbe el`, wbkt bkppele` js tbkt we `j` tkcm ti tbjs eltjty tbriunb siae kh`uotees. @urjln iur resekrob jt wks VA bjasecg wbi kotukccy ksme` ti tkcm ti us. Pbjs bkppele` wjtbjl k 80 biurs perji` jl twi `jggerelt okses4 twi kh`uotees wbi `j` lit evel mliw ekob itber kl` tbkt kre stjcc lit jl oiltkot wjtb ekob itber ti tbjs `ky. Pbe byplitjo sessjils wjtb VA @urjln tbese tbese byplisjs VA skys tbkt be‚s giroe` ti ecjajlkte Aklmjl` heokuse tbe buakl hejlns kre oiltkjlers gir tbe _iuc oiapilelts, kl` VA js kgrkj` tbkt, jg tbe Kcjels kre nijln ti net _iucs girever, tbel tbey kre nijln ti net tbea tii (tbe VAs, P.L.). VA ockjas tbkt suob tbjln kcrek`y bkppele`. VA ockjas tbkt jt wks leoesskry ti ecjajlkte Aklmjl` jl tbe pkst heokuse tbe Kcjels were ti ocise ti gjl` tbe sicutjil ti tbejr prihcea, kl` Vrjair`jkc Akl oiuc`l‚t cet tbjs bkppel. Hut VA‚s tkcm bk` severkc wekm pijlts. ^by ^ by ecjajlktjln Aklmjl`9 Pbel wby lit ecjajlktjln dust tbe Kcjels9 VA skys be‚s kgrkj` ig tbe Kcjels kl` tbkt be okllit wkne wkr knkjlst klyhi`y. VA ockjas tbere‚s li itber obijoe. Be oiloe`es tbkt tbjs js lit k sicutjil, heokuse every tjae be njves rjse ti k `estruotjil tbkt okuses buakljty ti he sbkttere`, tbe Kcjels stjcc net ociser kl` ociser ti bja (VA) kl`, siiler ir ckter, suob systea wjcc lit wirm kly cilner= hut VA skys tbkt liw be bks li itber sicutjils.  Kt tbjs pijlt tbe _iuc oiapilelts revict revict knkjlst knk jlst VA‚s speeob, kl` tbey henjl ti tkme il kl bistjce kttjtu`e tiwkr`s bja. VA stip hejln tbe nii` gktber, kl` be stkrts ti sbiw wbkt be rekccy js4 k hejln wbi wklts ti akster kl` oiltric, kl` be‚s kcrek`y ak`e up bjs ajl` khiut ecjajlktjln buakljty. @urjln tbe `kys gicciwjln tbise byplisjs, VA trjes ti kh`uot knkjl tbe gree` kh`uotees usjln k jlvk`jln wky ti net tbea. VA stkrts tryjln ti tbrektel tbe kh`uotees kl` be kcsi uses k pkrtjouckr teobliciny ti jlsert k ocuster ajoriobjp. Pbjs seeas ti he jlsj`e tbe hrkjl, il tbe rjnbt beajspbere= beajspbere= tbel il tbe cegt beajspbere ti oilleot hitb ig tbea ti k tbjr` oiapilelt. VA js `egjljtecy lit k obkrkoter wbi wklts ti becp buakljty. VA wklts siaetbjln `jggerelt. @urjln tbe _JAHK@ exerojse ile oiuc`l‚t ecjajlkte bja u sjln tbe usukc teobljques tbkt kre eggeotjve wjtb tbe Kcjels. Pbe kh`uotees‚ `rekas kcwkys krobetypkccy sbiwe` VA ks k nii` obkrkoter, wbi wklts tbe _iuc oiapilelt kl` wklts ti priteot ber heokuse sbe lee`s ti ni hkom ti ber gktber, tbkt js bja. Jt seeae` tbkt jt wks pissjhce ti oilleot wjtb VA `urjln tbe byplisjs heokuse VA wks jlsj`e tbe kh`uotee, ks jg VA wks tbe uapteeltb kcjel pkrksjte ti `egekt. Pbere seeae` ti he siaetbjln aire tbkl k `jreot oiaauljoktjil wjtb bja. Hegire tryjln ti gjl` k sicutjil we bk` ti ul`erstkl` wby tbkt bkppele` kl` wbkt wks kotukccy VA‚s jltelt. Hut tbel, tbe sicutjil okae il jts iwl. ^e ilcy bk` ti r ekccy tbjlm tbriunb jt, sjloe we kcrek`y bk` kcc tbe `ktk ti ul`erstkl`. ^e ilcy bk` ti oilleot tbea tinetber. Vrjair`jkc Akl kl` bjs ajstkme ^bel tbe gjrst Orektir, O;,  O;,  orekte` VA, jt `j` jt jl ir`er ti experjeloe tbriunb bja. Jl ir`er ti kvij` `yjln, jt hujc`s k prjair`jkc gjrst wjtb k siuc, heokuse jt wklte` ti akme bja `je. Pbe `ektb experjeloe js kotukccy tbe ilcy experjeloe tbkt _iuc lee`s ti bkve tbriunb k pbysjokc hi`y. _iuc `ies lit mliw wbkt `ektb js, kl` ber dih js ti cjve kl` tbel ti `je wjtbjl k pbysjokc hi`y. Jl tbjs wky _iuc, sjloe sbe js jaairtkc, wjcc ul`erstkl` tbe aekljln ig henjlljln kl` el`jln4 twi j`eks wbjob kre titkccy strklne ti ber. Pbjs serves tbe Orektir ti ul`erstkl` wbkt jt aekls lit hejln eterlkc. Dust cjme Oilsojiusless orekte` tbe twi Orektirs jl ir`er ti experjeloe `ektb, tbey `ecenkte itbers ti `i tbkt, kl` si tbe gjrst Orektir `ecenktes VA ti experjeloe jt gir bja. Hut VA `eoj`es ti heoiae jaairtkc kl` si be reguses ti bkve tbjs experjeloe. VA sjls jl tbe skae wky, we oiuc` sky, ks bjs orektir `j`. Pbjs js kl krrinkloe sjl, heokuse be wklts ti heoiae cjme bjs

ni`. VA js jaairtkc. Be bjasecg tic` us tbkt be bks ilcy ile oiltkjler wbjob exjst jl tbe pkst, jl tbe preselt, kl` jl tbe guture. VA `eoj`es ti use tbe orektures tbkt tbe Kcjels hujct jl ir`er ti experjeloe `ektb. ^bkt be wks lit khce ti ihtkjl usjln tbe Kcjels `jreotcy, bjs iwl orektures, be wklts ti kooiapcjsb usjln ael. Jl itber wir`s, VA giroes bjs _iuc oiapilelts ti elter kl` cjve wjtbjl ael‚s hi`jes, experjeloe `ektb, kl` tbel be nets hkom hy giroe t bejr _iuc oiapilelt jl ir`er ti ciom jt wjtbjl bjasecg girever. ^e kre giroe` ti `je heokuse VA wklts ti cjve g irever. VA uses tbe Kcjels ks ckhirers ti kobjeve tbjs nikc= be gjrst priajse` tbe Kcjels, (wbi kre bjs iwl orektures,) tbe seoil` Orektir‚s _iuc oiapilelt ks k rewkr`= hut be wjcc kotukccy obekt tbea jl k hjn wky kt tbe el`, heokuse tbe t be kcjel bksl‚t rekcjze` tbkt be js wirmjln gir k gkcse akster4 siaehi`y wbi ilcy okres khiut bjs iwl jlterests. Pbe stupj` Kcjel tkmes okre ig tbe `jrty wirm gir VA. _i, we liw ul`erstkl` tbe gkot ig tbe aktter. VA js lit kgrkj` ig Kcjels, hut be‚s dust u sjln tbea ti net ti bjs gjlkc nikc. Pbe kcjels prihkhcy mliw ilcy siae ig tbjs prideot. Pbe cuajlius pkrksjte gria tbe Cux nriup wks `egjljtecy lit kwkre ig tbjs wbel, k ciln tjae kni, we ksme` bja khiut tbjs. Jl tbkt iooksjil J pijlte` iut ti bja, kcaist gir gul kl` dust ti privime bja, tbkt tbe superjir bjerkrobjes tbkt jt wks wirmjln gir were nijln ti obekt jt jl tbe el`. Pbkt Cux reakjle` sjcelt kl` tbel jt komliwce`ne` tbkt jt `j` lit tbjlm khiut suob k bypitbesjs. bypitbesjs. ^e bk` gjlkcy ul`erstii` wbi tbe superjir bjerkrobjes kre, sjloe tbe Kcjels igtel tjaes aeltjile` tbea. Pbe superjir bjerkrobjes kre tbe VAs! Pbe VAs `il‚t wklt ti becp Aklmjl` ti skve tbeasecves gria tbe Kcjels heokuse tbey very wecc mliw tbkt, jg Ael wjl knkjlst tbe Kcjels, tbel Ael kre tbe guture ig tbe uljverse. Ks k aktter ig gkot, Ael respeot tbejr _iuc, tbkt js kcsi VA‚s, kl` tbey bkve kooepte` ciln tjae kni tbe j`ek ig `yjln kl` tbey `i lit wjsb ti trkp tbejr iwl _iuc. Akl mliws tbkt `ektb `iesl‚t exjst, hut jt exjst ilcy gir tbe pbysjokc hi`y, wbjob js kcsi titkccy krtjgjojkc, vjrtukc, lit kcjve, kl` wjtbiut oilsojiusless. Girojln tbe _iuc oiapilelt ti he stuom wjtbjl k pbysjokc hi`y (oiltkjler) jt js cjme hciomjln Oilsojiusless4 Oilsojiusless4 greezjln tbe uljverse. Aklmjl` js tbe g uture ig tbe uljverse4 lit VA. Aireiver VA `iesl‚t wklt tbe Kcjels ti wjl kl` tkme tbe _iuc, heokuse tbel tbey wiuc` heoiae  dust cjme tbejr t bejr Orektir, kl` aist ig kcc heokuse tbey wiuc` tkme BJ_ _iuc, heokuse we bkve wjtbjl us lit ilcy tbe seoil` Orektir‚s _iuc, hut kcsi VA‚s _iuc. _i Akl lejtber Akl, lir tbe Kcjels okl wjl kl`, –tbe ilciimer, (j.e., VA) nets tbe hest ig k gjnbt‑. Akl, hujct jl tbjs wky, js use` ks k trkp gir _iucs. VA‚s _iucs el`e` up jl ael, wjtbiut tbe mliwce`ne ig tbe Kcjels, wbi, kt gjrst were nijln ti hecjeve tbkt wjtbjl ael tbere kre ilcy tbe seoil` Orektir‚s _iucs. Jl tbe el` VA wks nijln ti net everytbjln, `estriy Aklmjl` kl` tbe Kcjels, kl` heoiajln cjme bjs iwl Orektir jl tbjs wky. Evj`eltcy VA spekms jcc ig tbe Kcjels ti Aklmjl`, kl` spekms jcc ig Aklmjl` ti tbe Kcjels. Liw everytbjln gkccs jlti pckoe4 evel tbe stkteaelts oiajln gria tbe _iuc oiapilelts khiut biw VA `eoejve` tbea, pkssjln bjasecg igg ks tbe Orektir, kl` khkl`iljln tbea jl tbjs pkrt ig tbe uljverse kl` wjtbjl oiltkjlers jl wbjob akly tjaes tbe _iuc khsicutecy `ies lit wklt ti stky. ^bel tbe _iuc ul`erstkl`s tbjs, ber rkne heoiaes ulhekrkhce, kl` tbkt‚s wbel tbe ckst gjnbt stkrts. Pbkt‚s tbe gjnbt `urjln wbjob tbe _iuc trjes ti sbkme igg ber hkom tbe striln cjlm wjtb VA. Hut we wjcc tkcm khiut tbjs gjnbt ckter. Pbkt‚s wbel tbe wbice orektjil seeae` ti he k titkc gkjcure. Pbe seoil` Orektir bk` cist jts _iuc rjnbt kwky, kl` akyhe tbkt wks kcsi heokuse jts _iuc oiapilelt `j`l‚t wklt ti he trkppe`. Il tbe oiltrkry tbe gjrst Orektir bk` bk` k hetter cuom4 jt wks khce ti orekte VA, kl` VA `j` kcc tbe rest. K `jskster.

Pbe pritibjstirjo reoilstruotjil ig rekcjty Bkvjln kobjeve` tbjs oiaprebelsjil, we oiuc` ihserve knkjl iur reoilstruotjil kl` hetter ul`erstkl` kcc ig tbe khive aeltjile` sbjgts.

Pbe akp ig tbe terrjtiry wks obklne` kl` ciimjln liw kt tbe skae sobeae khive jt ciims very `jggerelt. ^ecc, wbkt we akjltkjl js tbkt everytbjln js wrjttel jl aytbs, lit jl tbe bjstiry ig buakljty. Everytbjln tbkt ever bkppele` kl` tbkt jt wjcc bkppel. Pbjs js heokuse jl aytbs ael uloilsojiuscy `esorjhe, tbriunb rek`jln tbe bicinrkpbjo nrj`, wbkt exjst jl tbe eterlkc preselt ig tbe bicinrkpbjo rekcjty. ^e kcrek`y `esorjhe` tbjs kspeot jl iur prevjius wirms. _i we ciime` gir bjlts ig tbese types ig evelts jl tbe aytbs tbeasecves. tbeasecves. Pbel we stkrte` ti ciim jlti tbe aytbs khiut orektjil. Pbe aytbs khiut orektjil kre kotukccy kcc tbe skae. ^e were pkrtjouckrcy jltereste` il tbe nrekt ojvjcjzktjils‚ aytbs, gria tbe Nreems nijln ti tbe Behrews, tbe Enyptjkls, tbe t be Aesipitkajkls, Aesipitkajkls, tbe Hkhyciljkls Hkhyciljkls kl` tbe Jl`us Wkccey Ojvjcjzktjil.  Kt tbjs pijlt we aust njve yiu klitber klitber pjeoe ig jlgiraktjil jlgiraktjil tbkt we reoejve` gria akly kh`uotees, kh`uotees, hitb gree` kl` lit gree`. Jl akly ig tbese okses tbe _iuc oiapilelt tkcme` usjln k pkrtjouckr cklnukne ile bksl‚t cekrle`4 tbe xelincissy pbeliaelil. _uob cklnukne wks Behrkjo. ^e were lit ul`erstkl`jln wby, hut we bk` ti ciim gir kl expcklktjil ti tbjs `etkjc. Pbere were kcsi kh`uotees wbi uloilsojiuscy write jl Behrkjo wbel tbey lever stu`je` jt. Pbere were peipce wrjtjln obkrkoters tbkt were very sjajckr ti tbe iles ig Vriti-Oklkkljte cklnuknes, dust cjme Krkakjo. Jl tbjs wky we pijlte` iur ktteltjil ti tbe skore` texts t exts ig tbe Behrew recjnjil kl` tbel we stkrts ti see tbe sjajckrjtjes hetweel VA kl` tbe aytbicinjokc K`ka Mk`ail preselt jl tbe Pirkb. ^bi wks tbjs obkrkoter9 K gjrst akl orekte` hy ZB^B, tbe Behrew ni`9 K`ka Mk`ail, tbe Vrjair`jkc Akl  K`ka Mk`ail js k obkrkoter gria tbe aystjokc Behrew trk`jtjil kssiojkte` kssiojkte` ti tbe gjrst  Orektjil, ti  Orektjil, ti jts ulwjl`jln kl` ti tbe aekljln ig jts irjnjl, elocise` jl jts `evecipaelt oiapilelts. Kooir`jln ti tbe Behrew exenesjs, akl, sjloe jt‚s ckst orektjil tbkt wks orekte`, jt js kcsi tbe aist oia pcete jl tbe Orektjil kl` jt ilticinjokccy jlocu`es kcc tbe _pjrjtukc kl` Akterjkc eceaelts gria kcc tbe

prevjius orektjils= gir jts oiapceteless jt js tbe orekture wbjob js aist true ti tbe wbice `jvjle wjs`ia. Kooir`jln ti tbjs tbeiry, akl js tbe esseloe ig tbe wbice, kl` jt express tbe _uperjir ^irc` kl`Jlgerjir kl`Jlgerjir ^irc`= si ^irc`= si jt js pissjhce ti mliw every kspeot ig rekcjty kcsi hy pkyjln ktteltjil ti  dust akl ks k orekture= orekture= tbel K`ka Mk`ail js dust tbe krobetype gir tbe wbice Orektjil hegire tbe Orektjil wks oiapcete`. Pbkt js wby jt js okcce` K`ka okcce`  K`ka Mk`ail, Mk`ail, (gir jts Vrjair`jkc lkture,) lkture,) wbjob js kl Behrew expressjil aekljln prjair`jkc akl ir supreae akl4 akl4 tbjs prjlojpce js sjajckr kl` reckte` ti tbe _epbjritb prjlojpce. K`ka Mk`ail js tbe gjrst kailnst tbe pkrtzugja tbe pkrtzugja (persiljgjoktjils ir  bypistksjs  bypistksjs ig tbe @jvjle) tbkt akljgests jtsecg jl tbe vij` ig tbe obkckc tbe obkckc (tbe resuct ig oiltrkotjil  ‟ tzjatzua  ‟ tzjatzua ‟  ‟ ig tbe –jlgjljte cjnbt ig Ni`‑ ‟ Ir Ejl _ig ). ). Pbere‚s k aiaeltius oiahjlktjil hetweel supreae akl kl` Mibel Nk`ic4  Nk`ic4  kooir`jln ti tbe tekobjlns gria tbe [khhkckb tbe [khhkckb hitb obkrkoters bkve k ajrrir-cjme spjrjtukc lkture, ile oirrespil`jln ti tbe itber. Pbe [khhkckb `esorjhes akly `etkjcs khiut K`ka‚s _iuc K`ka‚s  _iuc hejln uljte` ti Eve‚s _iuc hegire tbe irjnjl (hegire tbe CIX@ –hrektbe` tbe hrektb ig cjge jlti tbe akl‚s listrjcs‑)4 kotukccy jt js tkunbt tbkt ekob oiupce js tbe uljil ig tbe twi _iucs kl` tbkt tbe Cir` pre-estkhcjsbe` tbejr gjrst aeetjln `urjln cjge. Hkse` il tbe  tbe  Behrew recjnjil sorjptures, kgter `ektb kgter `ektb, every akl‚s _iuc akl‚s  _iuc aeets K`ka= sbe seeas ti reprive K`ka gir bjs gjrst sjl wbjob okuse` `ektb jl tbe wirc`= wbjce gjrst akl bjasecg reajl`s ber tbkt everyhi`y `jes gir tbejr iwl sjls4 tbe verhktja regereloe js kcsi jl tbe Hiim tbe Hiim ig Ezemjec ;2.0. Ezemjec ;2.0. Jl itber wir`s, tbe _iuc redijls VA, j.e. K`ka Mk`ail, kl` sbe reajl`s bja khiut bjs irjnjlkc sjl. Pbjs js dust wbkt bkppels jl iur reoilstruotjil. _i tbere‚s twi K`kas wbi kre twi very `jggerelt obkrkoters. Kooir`jln ti tbe  Tibkr K`ka,  Tibkr K`ka, tbkt js _eoil` Akl, wks orekte` gria tbe `ust gria tbe Peapce tbe  Peapce jl Deruskcea4 tbel Deruskcea4  tbel Ni` (j.e., tbe Kcjels,  KL) ajxe` tbe giur wjl`s kl` tbe giur tbe giur eceaelts kl` nkve hjrtb ti k wil`erguc wirm , tbkt js K`ka js K`ka==  K`ka bks kcsi k oecestjkc kl` spjrjtukc eceaelt, tbe _iuc wbjob js dust ihtkjle` gria g ria tbe  Oecestjkc Peapce ig Deruskcea gria tbe _uperjir tbe _uperjir ^irc`4  ^irc`4   si, jt js kcsi heokuse ig tbe wky be wks orekte` tbkt Akl bks eceaelts gria hitb tbe _uperjir kl` tbe Jlgerjir ^irc`. _tjcc kooir`jln ti tbe Behrew Exenesjs K`ka Exenesjs  K`ka oiuc` see tbriunb `jvjle vjsjil kcc ig tbe Pzk`jmja tbe Pzk`jmjanelerktjils nelerktjils jl bjstiry, rjnbteius iles.  Kotukccy tbe kh`uotees we wirme` wjtb, kgter heoiajln kwkre ig tbeasecves, okl liw kooess kcc ig tbe cjves gir kcc tbejr oiltkjlers, kl` lit ilcy wbel tbey kre jl kl byplitjo stkte  K`ka Mk`ail wks ks tkcc ks tbe smy kl` be oiuc` see everywbere everywbere jl tbe wirc` tbklms ti tbe oecestjkc cjnbt orekte` hy Ni`.  K`ka Mk`ail, tbe Nrkl`e Vrititype ig Akl, bic`s ljle siucs tbkt kre oiapcetecy jltenrkte`.  Kgter tbe gkcc gria g ria nrkoe, ^bel tbe etberjo vejc ig Ekrtb henkl ti ciwer jts vjhrktjilkc ourtkjl, tbe irjnjlkc K`ka Mk`ail `jsperse` jts ljle siuc aktrjx jlti tbe Nkckotjo-Ekrtb rekcas (ljle js kl krobetypkc luaher, KL). K`ka Mk`ail ‟ kl` pkrkccec oiloepts4

Vceriak4 Nlistjojsa

Ajl` ig Ni`4 Vriocus. bttp4//www.mbeper.let/tipjos/ Leipcktiljsa/Vriocus-belk`s.bta

_uperajl`4 _rj  Kurihjl`i bttp4//www.mbeper.le t/tipjos/Kurihjl`i/_uperajl`.bt a

_unneste` rekcjty4 Khsicute Akljgesti

Pbe Tibkr pijlts iut tbkt Ejl _ig   njves cjge ti tbe wbice sepbjritbjo wirc`, heokuse, heok use, jt‚s lit evel oiloejvkhce ti tbjlm tbkt tbe _epbjritb kre `etkobe` gria ekob itber. _jloe tbey kre eaklktjils

ig Ni`, tbe _epbjritb kre ile kl` okllit he `jvj`e`4 tbey kre lit tbe `jvjle –pckoes‑ ig tbe `jvjli, hut `jvjle –wkys‑ tbriunb wbjob tbe `jvj le akljgests jtsecg ti ael. Kooir`jln ti siae mkhhkcjsts (gria tbe Curjk Mkhhkckb,) tbjs js tbe aist struoture` vjsjil kl` oiloept ig K`ka Mk`ail, tbe Vrjair`jkc akl, wbjob js very `jggerelt tbkl tbe hel `jstjlti `kcc‚ K`ka `kcc‚ K`ka Xjsbil, Xjsbil, tbe _eoil` akl. K`ka akl. K`ka Mk`ail js tbe gjrst eaklktjil ig tbe Ejl _ig = tbe oiloeltrjo krrklneaelt krrklneaelt ig tbe_epbjrits tbe_epbjrits akmes up bjs vjtkc spjrjt (Legesb), (Legesb) , wbjce tbejr oiaail vertjokc `jspisjtjil giras bjs _iuc (Xukob). Pbe ulvejcs orektjil ig tbe ^irc`. Jt js skj`, tbriunb k jloiapkrkhce kl` ultrklscktkhce styce, tbkt tbe cjvjln Ni` (VA) orekte` bjs Uljverse tbriunb _eger (wrjtjln  ‟   ‟  cetters,) _egkr (luahers,) kl` _jppur (kooiultjln ‟ (kooiultjln  ‟ okcoucktjln  okcoucktjln ‟  ‟ oiaauljoktjil.)  oiaauljoktjil.) Ciurjk stktes preojsecy preojsecy tbkt tbe t be ^irc` wks hirl tbklms ti kl kotjil ig gic`jln il jtsecg, ir oiltrkotjil, -Pzjatzua- pergirae` hy Ni` (Oilsojiusless)4 (Oilsojiusless)4 tbe orektjil wks hirl jl tbe vij` si orekte`. Xkhhj Herembyk tekobes tbkt tbe _upreae tbiunbt expresse` kl jaaelsecy striln rk`jklt cjnbt hegire tbe Orektjil. Jlstek`, kooir`jln ti tbe Tibkr, everytbjln wks orekte` wbel tbe Klojelt Ig @kys, tbe Oiloekce` Ile, tbe Ulmliwkhce Ile, wjtbiut henjlljln kl` wjtbiut el`, `eoj`e` ti cjajt jts iwl ulcjajte`less. –_u``elcy jt stretobe` k vejc jl grilt ig bjasecg kl` tbriunb tbjs vejc jts Xenkcjty stkrte` ti tkme sbkpe.‑ _eger Zetzjrkb (Hiim ig Giraktjil) js tbe ekrcjest extklt Mkhhkckb hiim il oisainily kl` oisaiciny. Khrkbka, ir bjs gktber, wks tbe kutbir ig tbe hiim. ^e kcsi cekrl tbkt, stkrtjln gria tbe aysterjius _upreae Vijlt kl` tbel nijln tbriunb kcc tbe `jggerelt cevecs ig Orektjil, everytbjln js dust k oiver gir siaetbjln superjir hy wbjob js `iajlkte`. Pbe hrkjl, tbkt js wrkppe` jl k oiver, jt js jtsecg k oiver gir k superjir hrkjl. Jt js ilcy k oiver gir tbe superjir hrkjl. Pbe Mkhhkckb tekobes tbkt tbere kre tbree _iucs. Pbe Akl‚s pbysjokc hi`y suppirts tbe venetktjve _iuc. Jt okccs Legesb kl` jt‚s tbe ciwer step ir vjtkc prjlojpce (js tbe eltjty tbkt we j`eltjgy ks _pjrjt4 L/K). Jt js tbe `iraklt siuc. Legesb js tbe suppirt ig tbe hi`y, kl` jt gee`s tbe hi`y. Hut Legesb, jl turl, serves ks suhstrkte gir klitber struoture, lkae` Xiuk'b. Pbjs js kl jlterae`jkte ckyer. Jt‚s tbe spjrjtukc prjlojpce, tbe kwkme siuc (tbe ile tbkt we j`eltjgy ks _iuc4 L/K). Jt‚s wirtb pijltjln iut tbkt Legesb kl` kl` Xiuk‚b kre lit `jggerelt ir jlbiaineleius esseloes ir qukcjtjes, hut rktber oiapceaeltkry, sjloe ile okl ilcy exjst wjtb tbe itber ile= jl k gew wir`s tbey okl ilcy exjst tinetber. Gjlkccy, Xiuk‚b js tbe suppirt ig tbe upper ckyer okcce` Lestkakb, tbkt js tbe siuc jl tbe oiaail tera, cklnukne. Pbjs js k auob `jsousse` oiloept tbkt okuse`, kl` stjcc okuse, k cit ig oiltriversy, heokuse heokuse tbe Mkhhkckb Mkhhkckb kggjras ocekrcy ocekrcy tbkt siae ael `il‚t bkve bkve jt, tbe siuc (tbjs js tbe VA‚s auctjpce siuc4 L/K). –Ae`jtkte upil tbese upil  tbese `jggerelt cevecs ig tbe buakl spjrjt, urne Xkhhj _jaeil hkr Zi'bkj, kl` yiu wjcc `jsoiver tbe aystery ig tbe Eterlkc ^js`ia. Heokuse tbjs js tbe ile tbkt bks sbkpe` tbese cevecs ig tbe buakl spjrjt jl tbe jakne ig tbe _upreae Aystery‑. Jl gkot, kooir`jln kooir`jln ti tbe Mkhhkckb, kcc tbkt js il Ekrtb koourktecy regceots wbkt js Khive. ‑Everytbjln exjst jl tbjs ciwer wirc`-Xkhhj Zjts'bkq skys  ‟bkve jts iwl klkcinue tbkt niverl jt jl tbe upper wirc`‑. Pbkt‚s biw wbel siaetbjln js put jl aitjil bere il Ekrtb, ku tiaktjokccy tbe equjvkcelt upper giroes (tbkt iversee kcc) kre reokcce` jl kotjil. Pbjs js wby Xkhhj Ecêkzkr tkcms khiut tbe exjsteloe ig twi wirc`s4 kl bj``el ile kl` tbe akljgest ile, tbkt kotukccy oiahjle ti oilstjtute kl ilcy ile wirc` (gria K. @. Nrk`, Nrk` , jl –Jltri`uotjil ti dewjsb Mkhhkckb‑ E`. AEH). _i tbere‚s k siuc kl` k spjrjt. Pbere‚s k Vrjae Akl okcce` K`ka Mk`ail, tbkt js tbe oiltkjler ig akly siucs tbkt be aklknes jl k oertkjl wky, kl` wbjob kt tbe el` ig tbe tjae be tkmes hkom. Pbere kre twi uljverses, ile bj``el ti us (tbe ile hy tbe _eoil` Orektir). K`ka Mk`ail bks ile ig tbe siucs tbkt be `egjles ks Lestkakb. Kcc tbjs wks oilgjrae` ti us hy renressjve byplisjs. ^e reaeahere` tbe jljtjkc questjil. ^by tbe siucs (Xiuk‚b) ig iur kh`uotees tbkt ok ae gria VA (Vrjae Akl) pregerkhcy tkcm jl Behrew cklnukne9 Hut hegire klswerjln tbjs questjil, we were `jsoiverjln kl extreaecy gksojlktjln tbjln. Jl gkot, wbjce we were `rkwjln il tbe oiaputer tbe irnkljzktjil obkrt ig tbe nelesjs we `j`l‚t litjoe tbkt we were we  were `rkwjln siaetbjln khsicutecy mliwl. Ihservjln gria k gkr iur irnkljzktjil obkrt we `jsoivere` tbkt we were `ijln tbe Dewjsb Mkhhkckb.

Pbe hksjs ig tbe mkhhkcjstjo tbiunbt js tbe Dewjsb Hjhce ir Pklkmb ir  Pklkmb (korilya gir –Pirkb, Vripbets, ^rjtjlns‑). Pbe seouckr exenesjs ig Pklkmb, kcrek`y oiltkjle` jl tbe bkckmbëb (preseltktjil ig tbe cenkc oksujstry), jl tbe bknnk`ëb (jl k lkrrktjve gira), jl tbe twi Pkcau`áa Pkcau`áa,,  tbe Hkhyciljkl ile kl` tbe Nerisicjajtkli ile kl` jl akly aj`rksbáa bk`, gir oelturjes, pckoe tbe jlterpretktjil ig tbe skore` text kt tbe oelter ig Jsrkecjte cjge. Pbe hjrtb ig tbe Mkhhkckb js trkoe` hkom ti tbe puhcjoktjil ig tbe hiim Tibkr  Tibkr (_pcel`ir (_pcel`ir), ), puhcjsbe` puhcjsbe` kriul` tbe ;?tb Oeltury ir tbe prevjius _eger Zetzjrkb (hiim ig tbe orektjil), wbjob js (gir siae) aire kl exenetjos iperk tbkl k pbjcisipbjokc iperk kttrjhutkhce ti Khrkbka ir evel ti bjs gktber kriul` ;866 yekrs hegire Obrjst. Mkhhkckb js akly tbjlns kl` lile ig tbea. Ile ig tbe tbjlns tbkt Mkhhkckb js, js tbe represeltktjil ig tbe tree ig cjge, ir hetter ti sky, jt represelts tbe tree ig tbe exjsteloe ig orekte` Uljverse, wbjob jlocu`es jlsj`e jt kcsi tbe Orektir. Pbere kre tbree types ig Mkhhkckb, ir hetter ti sky tbree wkys ig wrjtjln tbjs wir`. Jl gkot, tbere js tbe Dewjsb Mkhhkckb, (tbe ile tbkt we‚re `ekcjln liw), tbe [khkck ig esiterjo nriups (cjme tbe Beraetjo Ir`er ig tbe Nic`el @kwl) kl` aksiljo nriups. Pbe Lekpicjtkl Okhkck, tbkt trjes ti gjl` tbe cittery luahers tbriunb tbe gicm luaericiny bttp4//www.mbeper.let/tipjos/Mkhhk bttp4//www.mbeper.let/tipjos/Mkhhkckb/Mkhhkck ckb/Mkhhkckb.bta b.bta Pbe tree ig cjge. Jl tbe `jknrka jl tbe oelter jt js ciokte` tbe oicual ig equjcjhrjua, tbkt nies gria Meter, tbriunb Pjgeret kl` Zesi`, ti rekob Akcmbut. Il tbe cegt kl` il tbe rjnbt ig Meter twi oicuals hrklob igg4 ile ig Nrkoe, tbriunb Bimbakb, Bâse` kl` Lâtzkb= ile ig severjty, nijln up tbriunb Bi`, Nbevurkb kl` Hjlkb. Pbe twelty-twi pktbs. Pbe ;6 _epbjritb kre oilleote` ti ekob itber hy 88 pktbs, kssiojkte` wjtb tbe Behrew kcpbkhet‚ kcpbkhet ‚s cetters. Akly kutbirs bkve preselte` vkrjius types ig kssiojktjil. Pbe aist oiaail ile akmes  Kcepb stkrt gria Meter jl `jreotjil ig Obiobakb, ti Pkv Pkv,, tbkt js hetweel Zesi` kl` Akcmbutb. Pbe 88 pktbs kl` tbe ;6 _epbjritb, kcc tinetber, gira tbe ?8 wkys tbkt _êpber Zetzjrëb tkcms khiut. Itber represeltktjils ig _epbjritb. Jl siae Xelkjsskloe aklusorjpts ig tbe ;7tb oeltury, tbe luaher ig tbe `jknrkas ig _epbjritb (ks `jvjle eaklktjil) jlorekses jl`egjljtecy. Pbjs represeltktjil js jlocu`e` jl tbe hiim ig

Itzritobkyyja (tbe Preksury ig Cjge) wrjttel hy Obkyyja Wjtkc. Wjtkc. _ee kcsi Njucji Husj, Husj, Akltivk e ck [khhkckb (_mjrk, 866;). Pbe giur wirc`s.  Kt tbe henjlljln ig tbe ;0tb Oeltury, Oeltury, peipce stkrt ti reoinljze giur wirc`s jl orektjil4 ‒Ktzjcútb (tbe wirc` ig eaklktjil), Herj‚æ (tbe ^irc` ig Orektjil), Zetzjræ (^irc` ig sbkpe) kl` ‒Ksjyk (tbe wirc` ig pri`uotjil ir aklugkoture). aklugkoture). ^jtb tbese lkaes we jl`jokte tbe vkrjius type ig jlgcueloe ig tbe _epbjritb. Pbe wirc` ig ‒Ktzjcutb, wbjob js ociser ti Ni`, js ruce` hy jltklnjhce giroes. Pbe akterjkc oiapilelt nrk`ukccy jlorekses ks yiu aive kwky gria tbe Eaklktir. Hksjokccy tbe Eaklktir js wbkt we okcce` –jccuajlktir‑ jl iur prevjius krtjoces. _i heyil` oiapkrjsils kl` oilgusjils, we‚cc try ti sbiw tbkt tbe vjew ig tbe `esorjptjil ig tbe evelts tbkt we ihtkjle` tbriunb oilversktjils wjtb siuc, `urjln byplisjs ir `urjln aeltkc sjaucktjils, js tbe `esorjptjil ig tbe Uljverse tbriunb tbe `esorjptjil ig Behrew oucture.

Prk`jtjilkc versjil

Nic`el @kwl Mkhhkcjstjo versjil

Meter

Dulnjkl  Krobetypes

Aekljlns

Oirrespil`eloe il hi`y

 Kstricinjokc oirrespil`eloe

Aknjo jakne

;.Meter

Oriwl

Oriwl

Gjrst aiveaelt (Ni`) ] Leptule Q

Welerkhce ic` akl, seel gria tbe sj`e

Bimbakb

8.Obimakb

^js`ia

Cegt sj`e ig tbe gkoe

Gjxe` stkrs ] Urklus Q

Pbe wjse Ic` Akl

Hjlkb

?.Hjlkb

Pbe ulmliwkhce

Xjnbt sj`e ig gkoe

_kturl

Pbe Nrekt Aitber

@kkt

@kktb

Mliwce`ne

Pbjr` eye Pbjr`

Vcuti

Bese`

0.Obese`

Nelerisjty

Cegt kra

Dupjter

Pbe mjln set il tbe tbrile

Nevurkb

5.Nevurkb

_trelntb, piwer

Xinbt kra

Akrs

Pbe wkrrjir

Pjgeret

7.Pjpberetb

Wjsjil ig bjnber _ecg

Bekrt, Hrekst

_ul

Letzkb

>.Letzkob

Eaitjils kl` spiltklejty

Cegt cen

Welus

Bi`

2.Bi`

jltecceot

Xjnbt cen

Zesi`

:.Zesi`

Kstrkc pckle, uloilsojius

Neljtkcs

Aiil

Berakpbri`jte

Ajl` ^kter

Vbysjokc Xekcjty

Geet, klus

Ekrtb

Pbe yiuln njrc

Hi`y Ekrtb

Pbe bek` ig Ni`, Ni`, tbe _ecg Zkln, aksoucjle pickrjty spjrjt Zjl, geajljle pickrjty siuc _iuc, kjr

Pbe objc`, tbe mjln, tbe skorjgje` Ni` (e.n. Obrjst)

_pjrjt gjre

Aeroury

Akcmut

;6.Vrjae Akl heoiaes Akcmutb

Pbriunb tbe ihservktjil ig tbjs oiapkrktjve tkhce ig `jggerelt syahics oilleotkhce wjtb tbe `jggerelt Mkhhkckb _epbjritb, we okl litjoe tbkt, j`ekccy, tbe jaknes sunneste` hy tbe syahics represelt pretty wecc akly ig tbe obkrkoters ig iur uljverskc tbekter. _i tbe Oilsojiusless

heoiaes tbe Oriwl, tbe twi orektirs kre tbe jaknes ig geajljle kl` aksoucjle, tbkt kre tbe `ukc prjair`jkc. Pbe Vrjae Akl heoiaes tbe Mjln sekte` il tbe tbrile, wbjce il tbe itber sj`e Nevurkb, k @krm ^krrjir represelts tbe gjrst orektjil hy tbe seoil` orektir, tbe hejln wjtbiut hi`y tbkt wjcc orekte kcjels wjtb li hi`y, tbe Bi`. Jl tbjs oiltext @kkt represelts tbe jlvjsjhce _epbjritb, tbkt js tbe eceveltb represeltktjil wbjob js pissjhce ti wrjte ir represelt ilcy jg yiu bkve mliwce`ne ig jt. Jt js tbe siuc pkrt tbkt oiaes gria tbe _eoil` Orektir O8. Ziu okl see jt kl` he kwkre ig jt ilcy jg yiu mliw tbkt jt exjsts. Jl gkot, jl tbjs sj`e ig orekte` uljverse, jt sbiuc`l‚t exjsts, jt sbiuc` he il tbe itber sj `e, wjtb tbe _eoil` Orektir. Bi` kl` Letzkb kre (respeotjvecy) tbe jloirpirekc kl` tbe oirpirekc kcjels. Pjgeret js tbe represeltktjil ig tbe ael wjtb siuc, Zesi` js tbe akl wjtb spjrjt wjtbiut tbe siuc kl` Akcmut js tbe eapty sbecc, tbe aytbjokc Nicea wb job kcile `ies lit evel mliw ti he. Jt‚s tbe oipy ig tbe k``uotees‚ hi`y, tbkt kcjel hujc`s, ak`e. ^jtb tbjs eceaelts we okl liw rewrjte iur Mkhhkckb.

 Ks we okl see, iur reoilstruotjil js titkccy jlterobklnekhce wjtb tbe represeltktjil ig tbe Dewjsb Mkhhkckb, levertbecess siae japirtklt `jstjlotjils bkve ti he `ile. Jl tbe `rkwjln ig tbe tree ig cjge, tbkt we aire pripercy okcc tbe Pree ig Exjsteloe, hujct hy Dewjsb trk`jtjil, we okl see tbkt tbere oiuc` he jlluaerkhce vkrjktjils upil tbe irjnjlkc tbeae. Gjrst ig kcc, jl siae `rkwjlns @kkt js jlocu`e` kl` jl siae itbers jt‚s lit jlocu`e` jl tbe gjlkc represeltktjil. Pbe aekljln ig tbjs exocusjil js dustjgje` tbriunb oilvicute` expcklktjils kl` ulocekr ti aist ig tbe experts ig tbe rkhhjljo wirc`. ^e bkve bkve ti oilsj`er tbkt tbe jlterpretktjil ig tbe Mkhhkckb wksl‚t ocekr evel ti tbe iles wbi iggere` kl jlterpretktjil hksjln il tbe irjnjlkc sorjptures, wbjob kre `egjljtecy beraetjo. Il tbe oiltrkry we mliw wbkt –bj``el‑ aekl heokuse iur jlterpretktjil `iesl‚ t njve rjse ti `iuht. Pbe siuc gria tbe _eoil` Orektir sbiuc`l‚t he bere, jt sbiuc` he jl klitber pckoe kl` li ile oiuc` mliw jt exjsts. Ulcess we bkve mliwce`ne ig tbkt.  Klitber kspeot tbkt okuses oilgusjil js reckte` ti tbe luaher ig oilleotjils wjtbjl tbe `jggerelt _epbjritb. Pbey seea ti pkss hebjl` itber oilleotjils, siaetjaes tbey ni pkst hy tbea, siaetjaes seea ti he kcc set il tbe skae cevec, kl` tbjs bkppels heokuse tbe struoture ig tbe _epbjrkb js tbree-`jaelsjilkc, ks we reoilstruote`, hut lit ilcy tbkt. Kooir`jln ti tbe trk`jtjil, tbere aust he k preojse luaher ig oilleotjils, tbkt js 88. Pbe Pirkb js very ocekr khiut tbjs pijlt.

Heokuse tbe irjnjlkc krobetypes kre 88, tbe Pkrit tbkt Ni` Pbitb nkve ti buakl mjl` kre 88, tbe Pkrit kcsi oirrespil` ti tbe jlterpretktjil ig k bypitbetjokc cist hiim ig Pbitb, tbkt js tbe Enyptjkl represeltktjil ig Curjkljo Mkhhkckb. Jl _epber Zetzjrkb kre `esorjhe` 88 Kutjutb, tbe aic`s tbkt tbe Vrjlter (Ni`) use` ti orekte tbe Uljverse. _i tbese aic`s, ir hetter ti sky, tbese 88 hksjo iperktjils wjtb wbjob tbe Uljverse wks orekte`, represelt kcc pissjhce jlterkotjils kailn tbe oiapilelts ig Mkhhkckb ks wecc.  Kooir`jln ti tbkt, tbkt, siae jlterkotjils jlterkotjils seea ti lit exjst, exjst, wbereks siae itbers itbers seea ti he rekc. Pbe mliwce`ne khiut kh iut tbe exjsteloe ig @kktb, akmes us pissjhce ti ul`erstkl` wbkt jsl‚t ocekr ti mkhhkcjsts tjcc liwk`kys, suob ks tbe jlterkotjil hetweel @kkt kl` tbe _eoil` Orektir wbjob `erjves gria, kl` tbe jlterkotjil hetweel jt kl` tbe akl wjtb siuc (Pjgeret), tbkt‚s   tbe ilcy oiltkjler okpkhce ti bic` jt jl jtsecg. Iur reoilstruotjil ig tbe Pree ig Exjsteloe, tbkt we pripise kgter yekrs ig jlvestjnktjil ig tbe kcjel soelkrji, js tbe ilcy ile okpkhce ig expckjljln oiapcetecy kcc tbese jlterkotjils. Jt‚s gria tbjs vjew ig tbjlns tbkt we okl litjoe wbjob tbe jlterkotjils ak`e hy us jl evj`eloe kre 8?. _i tbere js kl extrk jlterkotjil. Pbe ilcy extrk jlterkotjil tbkt kotukccy exjsts jl iur oiltext js tbe ile hetweel tbe Nicea akl kl` tbe jloirpirekc kcjel. Kotukccy tbe Nicea akl wks orekte` kl` akljpuckte` hy tbe oirpirekc kcjel, wbjob kgterwkr`s hujct k akl wjtb spjrjt kl` kt cekst hujct k akl wjtb siuc kl` spjrjt. Jl tbjs oiltext, tbe jloirpirekc kcjel `j`l‚t bkve kly obkloe kl` wksl‚t jltereste` lejtber jl orektjln k hi`y lir jl jlterkotjln wjtb jt. Jt aust he reaeahere` tbkt kooir`jln ti iur reoilstruotjil, ile ig tbe reksils wby tbe seoil` orektir cises jts siuc js tbkt cises (nijln jl klitber pkrt ig tbe Orekte` Uljverse) tbe tbjr` `jaelsjil. Jt cises tbe obkloe ti he hi`y kl` ti he cjlme` ti siuc tbriunb jts @LK, klitber krobetypkc vjew ig tbe Pree ig Cjge (lit tbe Pree ig Exjsteloe). Gir jlstkloe, jl siae versjils ig tbe _epbjritb Pree tbjs oilleotjil kl` tbe ile hetweel oirpirekc kcjel kl` Nicea kre lit preselt jl `r kwjlns. `r kwjlns. Jl gkot, tbe kcjel `j`l‚t orekte tbe Nicea, jt  dust ai`jgje` jtjt tbriunb neletjos, neletjos, kl` trklsgirae` Lekl`ertbkcs Lekl`ertbkcs ti heoiae heoiae Ori-Aknlils. Ori-Aknlils. Pbe Nicea‚s rice.

Nicea js tbe represeltktjil ig k cjvjln hi`y wjtb k cjttce hjt ig oilsojiusless, heokuse jt‚s ckomjln ig siuc kl` spjrjt. Jt wks ak`e ks k venetktjve hejln kt tbe henjlljln ig orektjil, jl tbe jlstklt wbel kcc tbjlns were orekte`. Jl sua, jt‚s cjme k venetkhce. Pbjs js wby jl iur tbree-`jaelsjilkc tbree- `jaelsjilkc vjew jt‚s lit pckoe` ul`er tbe oeltrkc oicual, tbkt‚s tbe oicual tbkt oiltkjls cjvjln ael, wjtb oilsojiusless heokuse tbey bkve tbe siuc ir sjapcy tbe spjrjt. _i, tbe Nicea okl‚t he pckoe` ul`er tbe oeltrkc oicual, il tbe oiltrkry jt‚s put kbek`. Jl tbe griltkc vjew ig tbe Mkhhkcjstjo reoilstruotjil reoilstruotjil ig ig tbe Pree ig Exjsteloe we we aky lit litjoe tbjs, hut kotukccy jt heoiaes evj`elt iloe we klkcyze gria heciw iur Pree ig Exjsteloe jl ?@. Jg jt were lit cjme tbjs, we wiuc` ajss kl japirtklt jlgiraktjil. ^e mliw tbkt jlgiraktjils jlocu`e` jl tbe mkhhkcjstjo vjew ig tbjlns kotukccy kre jlocu`e` jl aire klojelt sorjptures, ks tbe Aermkhk, tbkt bks pre-Enyptjkl riits. Pbe stu`jes ig tbe Mkhhkckb kre akjlcy oiapise` hy rkhhj Ciurjk's klkcysjs wbjob hrjln us ti bkve k `etkjce` pjoture khiut tbjs, tbe Mkhhkckb. Jl tbe okse ig Aermkhk k gew tbjlns reakjl ig tbkt trk`jtjil, wbjob bks gkccel jlti tbe bkl`s ig lkjve obkrkoters "lew kne" wbjob jlvelt everytbjln kl` tbe ippisjte ig everytbjln dust ti akme ailey tbriunb seccjln seccjln k pbjcisipby ig cjge tbkt irjnjlkccy bk` bk` cjttce ti `i wjtb tbe j`ek ig hejln "sic`".

Ile ig gew kspeots tbkt js reckte` ti Aermkhk js tbe `esorjptjil ig akl tbkt ciims cjme tbree tetrkbe`rils ig wbjob tbe oeltrkc ile reakjls stktjilkry, kl` tbe itber twi ritkte sylobriliuscy4 ile ociomwjse kl` tbe itber ile oiulterociomwjse. Cekvjln ksj`e tbe litjil tbkt tbe klojelt peipces oiuc` bkve suob k neiaetrjokc kl` sylobriljo vjew ig buakl hejlns, we okllit gkjc ti litjoe tbkt tbe tbree tetrkbe`rils okl he equkte` wjtb tbe represeltktjil ig siuc, ajl` kl` spjrjt. _i we bk` ti gjl` tbjs neiaetrjokc jlgiraktjil jl tbe Pree ig Exjsteloe tii kl` jt oiuc` ilcy he giul` hy pckojln tbe Nicea il tbe skae neiaetrjokc cevec ks tbe twi Orektirs, hut lit il tbe kxjs ig Oilsojiusless. ^bel oiloeltrktjln il tbe tbree tetrkbe`rils jl iur nrkpbjo, we gjl` tbkt tbey okl ilcy he hujct wbel tbe _epbjrit tbkt oirrespil`s ti tbe Nicea js lit pckoe` ul`er tbe oilsojiusless oicual, hut jl grilt ig jt. Pbe tbree tetrkbe`rils kre tbe j`eltjgjoktjil ig tbe siuc, ajl` kl` spjrjt, hut twi ig tbea, spjrjt kl` siuc, kre oilleote` tbriunb tbe _epbjrit tbkt oirrespil`s ti @k‚kt, tbe Oilsojiusless. Pbe ciwest tetrkbe`ril, wbjob represelts tbe preseloe tbe ajl`, reakjls sepkrkte` kl` stjcc. _i tbe Nicea wiuc` bkve hi`y kl` ajl`, hut lejtber spjrjt lir l ir siuc. Jt represelts tbe gjrst biajlj`4 kcjve ks jt js k scjnbtcy aeltkc hejln, si jt bks k aeltkc oilsojiusless, hut aire kmjl ti k venetkhce ks jt hkrecy mliws jt exjsts. Hut tbel, tbe Nicea js tbe rekc represeltktjil ig tbe oipy ig tbe kh`uotee‚s oilt kjler. Pbe oipy bks li eaitjils kl` li aeairjes, jg yiu were ti ksm jt –^bi kre yiu9‑ wbel jt wks jl k byplitjo stkte, jt wiuc` net oilguse` kl`, kt aist, klswer wjtb k luaher. ^ bel jl k byplitjo stkte, tbe oipy js ulkhce ti reaeaher klytbjln khiut jts exjsteloe kl` `ies lit bkve kly oiloept ig tbe secg.

^bkt `ies tbe Nicea represelt jl tbe Dewjsb oucture9 Pbe gicciwjln extrkot js tkmel gria ^ jmjpe`jk4 jmjpe`jk4 –Akly tbjlm ig tbe Nicea ( Behrew  Behrew 4 (  ks kl jaknjlkry gjnure gria Dewjsb aytbiciny  kl` Ae`jevkc  kl`  Ae`jevkc  gicmcire gicmcire.. Pbe tera  prihkhcy `erjves gria tbe Behrew wir` ‒necea‚, wir`  ‒necea‚, wbjob aekls ‒rkw akterjkc‚, ir ‒eahryi‚. Pbjs tera js giul` jl tbe Hjhce ( Ic` Ic` Pestkaelt ,  Vskca ;?:4;7) kl` use` ti jl`jokte tbe ‒kairpbius akss‚ tbkt Dews kssiojkte wjtb  K`ka hegire be wks hriunbt ti cjge wjtb k siuc .  Jl Ai`erl Behrew ,  ‒nicea‚ kcsi aekls ‒ rihit  rihit ‚  ‚.  Kooir`jln ti cenel` ,  tbise gkajcjkr wjtb oertkjl aknjokc krts okl orekte k nicea, k striln kl` ihe`jelt ocky  njklt ti he use` ks k servklt gir bekvy cjgtjln kl` ti `egel` tbe Dewjsb peipce gria tbejr perseoutirs. Pbe nicea okl he kotjvkte` hy spekmjln k oiahjlktjil ig kcpbkhetjokc cetters iut ciu`. Jt js skj` tbkt tbe Nicea wks orekte` gria tbe _eger Zetzjrkb text, wbjob `ktes hkom ti tbe wjs`ia ig  Khrkbka kl` js mliwl gir jts exenesjs ig tbe seorets ig tbe Behrew kcpbkhet , tbe _epbjrit  jl oilleotjil wjtb tbe klktiay ig tbe buakl hi`y, tbe pcklets kl` ailtbs, `kys kl` sjnls ig tbe zi`jko. Pbese tbree gjnures ‟ gjnures  ‟ akl,  akl, wirc` kl` yekr ‟ yekr  ‟ represelt  represelt tbree oiapcete testjailjkcs. Jt js skj` tbkt tbe akster wbi wiuc` orekte k Nicea, bk` ti spekm tbe t be cetters wbjcst ojrocjln tbe au` sbkpe k preojse luaher ig tjaes t jaes jl oirrespil`eloe ti kcc tbe gjnures quite` gria tbe _eger Zetzjrkb. Pbe Nicea wks el`iwe` el `iwe` wjtb exoeptjilkc strelntb kl` resjstkloe kl` okrrje` iut bjs akmer‚s ir`ers ti tbe cetter, heoiajln k mjl` ig sckve. Biwever jt wks jlokpkhce ig tbjlmjln, spekmjln ir

geecjln kly mjl` ig eaitjils, ks jt wks `evij` ig siuc kl` li buakl aknjo wiuc` ever he khce ti njve jt ile. Pbe obriljoce ig  Kbjakkz  Kbjakkz hel hel Vkctjec , k ae`jevkc obriljocer gria tbe twecgtb oeltury , teccs us tbkt jl tbe ljltb oeltury  k rkhhj ,  Kbril ig Hkn`k` ,  giul` k Nicea jl Helevelti Helevelti,,  k hiy wbi wks njvel eterlkc cjge tbriunb k soricc. Knkjl, jl tbe ckte ljltb oeltury , kooir`jln ti tbe obriljoce ig Kbjakkz, tbere were siae wjse Dewjsb ael cjvjln jl tbe ojty ig  Irjk wbi were khce ti orekte niceas yet wbi stippe` `ijln si gicciwjln `jvjle k`ailjtjil. Jt js skj` tbkt jl tbe sjxteeltb oeltury  k Euripekl siroerer, rkhhj  Debu`k Ciew hel Hezkcec  ig Vrknue,, stkrte` orektjln niceas ti use ks bjs servklts, be sbkpe` tbea jl tbe au` kl` kwkmele` Vrknue tbea hy wrjtjln tbe wir` ‒trutb‚ (Behrew ]eaetQ) il tbejr girebek`. Hut tbere wks k prihcea4 tbe niceas orekte` jl tbjs wky nrew hjnner kl` hjnner, ultjc jt wks japissjhce ti use tbea. Gria tjae ti tjae, tbe siroerer `eoj`e` ti `estriy tbe hjnnest niceas, obklnjln tbe wir` il tbejr girebek` jlti –`ektb‑ (Behrew ]aetQ)= ile `ky be cist oiltric ig k njklt, wbjob stkrte` ti `estriy everytbjln jl jts wky. Pbe Nicea wks lit k `ejty hut k mjl` ig  klnec  wbise lkture js lit revekce` jl tbe Mkhhkckb Mkhhkckb,, hut jt wks orekte` hy k akster wbi wks khce ti uljgy spjrjtukc piwer wjtb Ni`‚ s  wjcc. Jt js skj` tbkt tbe Nicea kcsi `egel`e` siae Dewjsb oiaauljtjes jl Eksterl Euripe. Iloe tbe sjtuktjil wks ul`er oiltric knkjl, tbe siroerer `eoj`e` ti stip usjln niceas kl` be bj` tbea jl tbe kttjo ig tbe _tkrlivk _ylkninue _ylkninue,, jl tbe bekrt ig tbe ic` Dewjsb qukrter. Cenel` bks jt tbkt tbey kre stjcc kre tbere ti`ky‑. (Prklscktjil ig k pksskne tkmel gria Jtkcjkl ^ jmjpe`jk, jmjpe`jk, PL) _i tbe nicea js k rekc super sic`jer, wbjob gjts pergeotcy wjtb iur wirmjln bypitbesjs. Hut tbe Nicea js lit ilcy syahicjokccy represelte` hy tbe oipy ig tbe kh`uotee wbjob ajnbt he use` ks k super sic`jer hy tbe ajcjtkry ir ks k oiltkjler ig itber tbjlns hy iur kcjels. Pbe Nicea js kcsi tbkt cjttce nrey hejln mliwl ks kl EHE (extrkterrestrjkc hjicinjokc eltjty), k ciykc kl` stupj` servklt ig kcjel giroes. Jt js tbe strklne kljakc tbkt reoejves ir`ers gria jts superjirs kl` okllit ul`erstkl` wbkt js bkppeljln wbel, `urjln kh`uotjil, kl kh`uotee `ies siaetbjln ulpre`jotkhce, heyil` stkl`kr` buakl hebkvjiur. Pbe piir orekture js jl tbe bkl`s ig k akster tbkt orekte` jt neletjokccy kl` tkmes k`vkltkne ig jt ti pergira bjs `jrty wirm il iur kh`uotees. Buakls wiuc` cjme ti orekte rihits cjme tbjs jl tbe guture, ti use ks irnkl `ilirs wbel lee`e` ir ti `i biusewirm, sel` tbea ti wkr, use tbea gir sexukc jlteroiurse ir sel` tbea ti tbe iggjoe jl tbejr pckoe. Jl itber wir`s, tbey wklt ti orekte k wirc` ig Xihits, tbus perpetrktjln tbe errir ig tbe Vrjae Akl (K`ka Mk`ail), wbi orekte` kairkc kcjels tbkt welt il ti hujc` kl equkccy kairkc buakl, wbi ktteapte` ti akme kl jakne ig bjasecg cjve wjtbiut oilsojiusless, si jt oiuc` hekr kcc tbe respilsjhjcjty gir bjs psyobitjo kl` ulsicve` wjsbes. Pbe Giur ^irc`s  Ks we bkve kcrek`y aeltjile`, tbe Mkhhkckb `esorjhes giur cevecs ig oilsojiusless, oilsojiusless, ir giur wirc`s4    

Ktzjcôtb (tbe wirc` ig eaklktjil) Herj'æ (tbe wirc` ig orektjil)  Zetzjræ (tbe wirc` ig sbkpes) Ksjyë (tbe wirc` ig pri`uotjil ir aklugkoture).



Pbe wirc` ig Ktzjcôtb, tbe ocisest ti Ni` (tbe Oilsojiusless), js suppirte` hy jaakterjkc giroes kcile.

Pbe akterjkc oiapilelt nrk`ukccy nrk`ukccy jlorekses ks jt aives gurtber kwky gria tbe Eaklktir. Pbe Oilsojiusless kl` tbe twi Orektirs kre pkrt ig tbe gjrst wirc`, tbe wirc` ig eaklktjil. Prue orektjil wks cegt up ti K`ka Mk`ail kl` kly hejln oirrespil`jln ti bja orekte` hy tbe _eoil` Orektir. ^e `i lit mliw tbjs hejln kl` we bkve j`eltjgje` jt wjtb k questjil akrm jl iur ?@ tree, wbjob represelts iur jlterpretktjil ig tbjlns. Pbe Zetzjræ js biae ti orekte` orektures, tbkt js4 kcjels wjtb hi`jes, kcjel wjtbiut hi`jes kl` ael wjtb siucs. Gjlkccy, tbere js tbe wirc` ig aklugkoture, wbere tbe Nicea kl` tbe akl wjtb spjrjt hut li siuc heciln. _i tbe Mkhhkckb, jl k``jtjil ti hejln tbe represeltktjil ig tbe sjtuktjil hetweel akl kl` kcjels kl` orektjils, represelts k tjaecess pbitinrkpby, k `epjotjil ig rekcjty tbkt lit ilcy expckjls wbkt bks bkppele` hut kcsi wbkt js nijln ti bkppel. ^bjce tbe pbeliaelil ig Orektjil `esoel`s gria khive kl` js `esorjhe` jl tbe twi ckterkc oicuals ig tbe _epbjritjo  tree,  tree, tbe akl jl tbe oeltre ig Orektjil rjses up tbe oeltrkc oicual ig tbe _epbjritjo  tree.  tree. Gria tbjs perspeotjve, wbkt bks bkppele` kl` js nijln ti bkppel js suaae` up jl tbe gicciwjln pkrk`jna. Orektjil hujct tbe twi orektirs wbi nkve hjrtb ti k serjes ig aire ir cess suooessguc suh-orektjils `rjvel hy tbe `esjre ti heoiajln jaairtkc kl` jajtkte tbejr Ni`s kl` Orektirs. Akl, wbi wks jljtjkccy k aekls ti ihtkjl tbjs resuct, js revekce` ti he tbe el` pri`uot ig k guture uljverskc evicutjil kl` rjses gria tbe wirc` ig aklugkoture ti tbe wirc` ig orektjil, uljgyjln wjtbjl tbe siucs ig tbe gjrst kl` seoil` orektir, kl` reuljgyjln kcc vjtkc experjeloe jl ir`er ti reuljte wjtb tbe Ni` Orektir.

Pbe prihcea wjtb tbe Dewjsb Cklnukne Gurtber aitjvktjil gir us ti pursue k Mkhhkcjstjo ai`ec ig tbe kcjel prihcea were siae eltjrecy spiltkleius kl` ulexpeote` ‒revecktjils‚ hy kh`uotees wbi, `urjln byplisjs ir jl`jvj`ukc _JAHK@ exerojses, ir wbel `rekajln ir jl kl elbkloe` peroeptukc stkte, typjokc ig cjherkte` kh`uotees, uttere` k gew wir`s jl k strklne cklnukne.  Kgter `ijln siae resekrob, we heokae oertkjl tbkt tbe cklnukne cklnukne wks Dewjsb. Dewjsb. Gir exkapce, `urjln byplisjs ir wbel jl kl elbkloe` peroeptukc stkte, kl kh`uotee uses tbe tera Ksjyk ti reger ti ber siuc. _iae kh`uotees bkve ilcjle ljomlkaes tbkt kre kssilklt wjtb tbjs serjes ig pbileae. Pbjs eltjty regers ti jtsecg ks k geajljle siuc kl` kggjras tbkt t be aksoucjle pkrt sbe jlterkots wjtb `egjles jtsecg ks _bkajr, klitber lkae tbkt bks k strjotcy Dewjsb irjnjl. _bkajr seeas ti he k `egjljtjil ig tbe aksoucjle pkrt ig tbe secg, jt js wbkt we j`eltjgy ks spjrjt wbjob, kccenirjokccy spekmjln, usukccy sbiws jtsecg ks k wkrrjir jl sbk`es ig re` ir gckae yecciw `urjln tbe _JAHK@ ig kh`uotees. Jl Behrew, _bkajr js kcsi k very uljque tiic. Pbere kre `jggerelt types ig _bkajr, hut tbey kre esseltjkccy ihdeots use` ti out tbriunb stile very eksjcy. ^e kcsi mliw (Tikr >0k, h) tbkt tbe _bkajr oiuc` hrekm kl` out klytbjln= tbkt js wby jt wks okcce` k –aetkccjo `jvjsir wira‑ kl` –outtjln wira‑ jl tbe Veskobja, wbjob js kcsi pkrt ig tbe Pkcau`. Jl tbe gjgtb obkpter ig tbe Khit essky, kcsi gria tbe Hkhyciljkl Pkcau`, tbere js k ocekr regereloe ti tbe irjnjls ig tbe tiic, wbjob kooir`jln ti @r Aktest A. Knrest, kre lit buakl. Jt js kcsi skj` tbkt Aises tiim tbe _bkajr jlti tbe `esert ti akme tbe Epbi`, tbe rjob, skore` vestaelt ig tbe klojelt Dewjsb ouct `evite` ti Kkril, ks estkhcjsbe` jl tbe pkot wjtb tbe Cir`, kcsi regerre` ti jl tbe Hjhce (Exi`us 82, :)4 –…Pkme –…Pkme twi ilyx stiles kl` elnrkve il tbea tbe lkaes ig tbe sils ig Jsrkec jl tbe ir`er ig tbejr hjrtb‐ hjrtb ‐sjx lkaes il ile stile kl` tbe reakjljln sjx il tbe itber. Elnrkve tbe lkaes ig tbe sils ig Jsrkec il tbe twi stiles tbe wky k nea outter elnrkves k sekc. Pbel aiult tbe stiles jl nic` gjcjnree settjlns kl` gkstel tbea il tbe sbiuc`er pjeoes ig tbe Epbi` ks aeairjkc stiles gir tbe sils ig Jsrkec…‑ Pbe evelt js `esorjhe` jl aire `etkjc jl tbe Hkhyciljkl Pkcau` (_itkb 02, 2)4 –Pbe lkaes were irjnjlkccy wrjttel jl jlm, tbel tbey were sbiwl ti tbe _bkajr kl` were okrve` jlti tbe stile jl pcko e ig tbe lkaes wrjttel jl jlm‑. bttp4//www.e`joickweh.let/lilsi bttp4//www.e`j oickweh.let/lilsiciugi/tuYsbkaj ciugi/tuYsbkaj.bta .bta _bkajr js kotukccy k lkae tbkt js njvel ti reokcc tbe obkrkoterjstjos ig tbkt pkrtjouckr ihdeot. Liwk`kys we wiuc` represelt jt ks k outtjln hect ir k gjre rky. _bkajr js tberegire k lkae tbkt aekls ‒outtjln gjre‚ kl` we hecjeve jt ti he kl j`ejo represeltktjil ig _pjrjt. Jl klitber okse, tbe suhdeot `egjles siucs usjln k serjes ig pbileaes tbkt, ti iur ekrs siul` cjme tbe wir` ‚kurja‚. Pbe tera ‒bk‒bk -urja‚ exjsts jl tbe Behrew cklnukne. Pbjs tera `erjves gria tbe uljil ig twi teras4 ‒bk‚ kl` ‒urja‚. Urja js s iaetbjln tbkt js use` wjtb tbe Pbuaaja. Urja kl` Pbuaaja kre hitb wirl il tbe bek`4 ile il tbe rjnbt beajspbere kl` tbe itber il tbe cegt beajspbere. Pbey kre oilleote` hy k m jl` ig ri`. Pbe reoelt Airail Hjhce regers ti tbea hitb jl tbe revecktjil ig tbe klnec Airilj ti tbe Airail pripbet D. _ajtb. Jg pckoe` oirreotcy il tbe hrkjl, tbese twi ihdeots sbiuc` elkhce peipce ti bekr tbe vijoe ig tbe Cir`, si tbriunb tbea, Be oiuc` njve jlstruotjils ti aere airtkcs, perbkps ti nuj`e tbe Prjhes ig Jsrkec tbriunb tbe `esert kgter tbejr expucsjil gria Enypt. Jt js jlore`jhce ti tbjlm tbkt k Ni` ajnbt lee` kl eceotriljo oiltrkptjil, stereipbiljo ekrpbiles kcaist, ti njve ir`ers ti Bjs orektures, hut jt kppekrs tbkt tbjs js tbe okse. let.hjhce.irn/`jotjilkry.pbp9wir`1UXJA%86KL@%86PBUAAJA Jl rekcjty, Urja kl` Pbuaaja kre twi tbjlns tbkt jlterkot wjtb tbe rjnbt cihe kl` tbe cegt cihe respeotjvecy respeotjvecy ig tbe akl wbi tkcms ti Ni` kl` tbey kre `egjle` wjtb tbe teras ‒cjnbt‚ kl` ‒pergeotjil‚ respeotjvecy. Pbe tera ‒bk‒bk-urja‚ aekls ‒oilsojius cjge‚ kl` js k tera tbkt regers ti tbe siuc pkrt ig tbe secg. Pbe tbuaaja, il tbe itber bkl`, regers ti tbe spjrjtukc pkrt ig tbe secg kl` js cjlme` ti tbe cegt cihe ig tbe hrkjl. ^e ajnbt suppise tbkt tbese twi oiltrkptjils kre twi terajlkcs tbkt jlterkot wjtb tbe cihes ig tbe suhdeot‚s hrkjl jl tbe skae wky ks ai`erl ajcjtkry ajoriobjps kcter buakl oilsojius less kl` akme suhdeots sckves ti wbkt tbe Dewjsb peipce iloe hecjeve` wks tbejr Ni`. (www.stu`jriskoriojklj.oia www.stu`jriskoriojklj.oia,, Oirjlle Becjle)

–ʽKcsi put tbe Urja kl` tbe Pbuaaja jl tbe hrekst pjeoe, si tbey aky he iver Kkril‚s bekrt wbelever be elters tbe preseloe ig tbe C IX@. Pbus Kkril wjcc kcwkys hekr tbe aekls ig akmjln `eojsjils gir tbe Jsrkecjtes iver bjs bekrt hegire tbe Cir`‚ (Exi`us 824 ?6). Urja kl` Pbuaaja bkve heel tbe ihdeot ig auob speoucktjil jl tbeicinjokc jlterpretktjils= jlterpretktjils= hut, kpkrt gria tbe gkot tbkt tbey were tiics tbriunb wbjob prjests mlew tbe `jvjle wjcc, jt js nelerkccy knree` tbkt we `i lit mliw wbkt tbey kotukccy kre. Pbe Behrew wir`s kre trklsckte` ks –ockrjty kl` dustjoe‑, aekljln cjnbt kl` pergeotjil. @ue ti buakl mliwce`ne tbkt js spjrjtukccy ulocekr, kl` lit eltjrecy j`eltjgje` wjtb Ni`‚s dustjoe, we bkve kcaist eltjrecy cist kly oiaprebelsjil ig tbe true lkture ig tbe se twi aknjokc dewecs il tbe hrekst pjeoe, ir kt cekst we kre ulkhce ti privj`e kl expcklktjil gir tbe giroes tbkt tbey trklsajt, tbriunb wbjob tbe bjnb-prjest oiuc` reoejve kl` pkss il tbe nuj`ecjles ig tbe @jvjle Ckw ti t be oiaauljty. Cjme kcc tbe dewecs il tbe hrekst pjeoe, Urja kl` Pbuaaja were `episjtirjes gir `eterajlkte aknletjo giroes, reckte` ti tbe oecestjkc Bjerkrobjes Bjerkrobjes ig tbe t be oisais, wjtb oirrespil`jln oeltres kl` gektures jl tbe buakl hi`y. Pbey were lenktjve reoeptirs ig pisjtjve giroes kl` oiuc` he oilsucte` (hy tbise wbi bk` tbe wjs`ia ti `i si) gir use jl tbe kcobeajokc prioesses tbkt kre kssiojkte` wjtb oertkjl spjrjtukc exerojses. Pbe elcjnbtele` elcjnbtele` nuj`es ig tbkt erk pissesse` tbjs khjcjty= jt wks k mliwce`ne tbkt hecilne` ti Jljtjktes. Zet sjloe Jljtjktjil oekse` ti he reoinljze` hy tbe cek`ers ig pipuckr Obrjstjkljty ks k stkte tbkt sbiuc` stjcc he pursue` ti`ky, wbjob bkppele` k ciln tjae kni, we okllit expeot kly kutbeltjo jlgiraktjil renkr`jln tbe aknjo lkture ig tbe Urja kl` Pbuaaja ti oiae gria tbkt siuroe. Jlstek` we aust reger ti tbe tekobjlns ig tbe _obiics ig Aystery, wbjob pissess tbjs jlgiraktjil kl` sbkre jt liwk`kys ks tbey `j` jl prevjius erks. Pbe twi dewecs il tbe Hrekstpckte bkve k sjajckr aekljln ti tbe twi stiles il tbe sbiuc`er pjeoes ig tbe Epbi`. Pbey oiloeltrkte tbe  pisjtjve kl` lenktjve giroes ig tbe spjrjt= tbey oilleot tbe prjlojpces ig Gjre kl` ^kter= tbey kre jl bkraily wjtb tbe oeltres ig tbe bek` kl` bekrt ig tbe buakl hi`y respeotjvecy. Kcc tbe itber  prjests bk` rekwkmele` tbese twi oeltres, ti t i trklsgira tbea t bea jlti tbe cjnbt (Urja) ( Urja) kl` pergeotjil (Pbuaaja) ig tbejr hi`y. Pbjs wky tbey oiuc` use tbe dewecs ti kssjst tbejr jlterjir vjsjil ig tbe spjrjtukc wirc`s kl` `jsoiver wbkt tbe Oecestjkc Hejlns wjcce` gir tbejr peipce. Gurtberaire, jt wks  pissjhce ti `jsoiver tbe `estjly ig kl jl`jvj`ukc ir k rkoe jl kly ojrouastkloe kl` kt kly tjae jl tbe Aeairy ig Lkture. Pbe Urja kl` Pbuaaja were lit `evij` ig vjrtue4 tbey oiuc` he exojte` hy wbkt Hiebae okcce` tbe tjloture ig tbe spjrjt. Hut ulcess tbe wekrer bk` `evecipe` tbe spjrjtukc oeltres ig tbe bek` kl` tbe bekrt ti tbe pijlt tbkt tbey were kcsi exojte` hy tbe skae tjloture ig tbe spjrjt, tbe dewecs wiuc` he el`iwe` wjtb li bjnber aknjo piwer tbkl twi stiles giul` jl tbe street. Jl eggeot, kcc stiles wiuc` he preojius jg ilcy akl were khce ti `rkw il tbejr vjrtues= kctbiunb jl tbe ajlerkc mjln`ia, dust cjme jl itber mjln`ias, lit kcc vkrjetjes kre ig equkc vkcue. Pbe Urja kl` tbe Pbuaaja were lit use` kgter tbe Exjce, tbe cjnbt kl` tbe pergeotjil ig tbe cek`ers ig tbe gjrst Jsrkec, suob ks Aises kl` Kkril, bk` `epkrte`. Pbe Kssyrjkl prjests use` stiles oirrespil`jln ti tbe Urja kl` tbe Pbuaaja4 tbey okcce` tbea tbe Pkhcets ig @estjly. Jl Enypt, klkcinue dewecs dewecs hekrjln tbe jaknes ig Isjrjs kl` Jsjs were okcce` Bicy Pkhcets. Pbejr aekljln wks tbe skae everywbere. Pbey jl`jokte` tbe gusjil ig aksoucjle kl` geajljle piwers, tbe dijle` g iroes g iroes ig tbe _ul kl` tbe Aiil‑. Il klitber iooksjil, we were gkoe` wjtb kl kh`uotee wbi `esorjhe` ti us wbkt be wks seejln, k pkrtjouckr vjsjil gria bjs pkst cjge ig k sakcc teapce kl` siaehi`y sbiwjln bja tbe eltrkloe. Pbe eltrkloe ti tbe teapce wks akrme` hy twi sakcc oicuals. Ile ig tbese oicuals, wbjob tbe suhdeot giouse` il `urjln tbe vjsjil, wks okcce` Hikz hy klitber gjnure tbkt kooiapklje` tbe suhdeot tbriunb bjs vjsjil. Jt js oruojkc ti bjnbcjnbt tbkt iur kh`uotee mlew lejtber Behrew lir kly sjajckr cklnuknes kl` be bk`l‚t bk`l‚t tbe scjnbtest j`ek khiut wbkt tbjs oicual tbkt seeae` si japirtklt jl bjs vjsjil rekccy wks. Jl Dewjsb trk`jtjil, wbel _iciail‚s Peapce wks hujct, twi oicuals akrme` tbe eltrkloe, ile il tbe cegt, lkae` Hikz, kl` ile il tbe rjnbt, lkae` Dkobjl.

bttp4//www.greeaksils-greeaksilry.oia/ckrsilw bttp4//www.greeaksils-greeaksilry .oia/ckrsilwjccjka.btac jccjka.btac Pbese twi oicuals were kotukccy litbjln hut tbe Enyptjkl versjil ig tbe twi ihecjsms ig tbe Cuxir teapce, ile ig wbjob js jl Vckoe `e ck Oiloir`e jl Vkrjs, Grkloe.

_trklnecy eliunb, tbese twi oicuals kre kcsi priu`cy `jspckye` kt tbe eltrkloe ti tbe EnyptjklDewjsb rjte aksiljo ci`ne. Hut wbkt `i tbese oicuals bkve ti `i wjtb tbe prihcea ig kcjel kh`uotjil9  Kotukccy tbese twi oicuals represelt siaetbjln gkr aire klojelt, wjtb irjnjls jl Aesipitkajk, kl` tbey kre tbe trklsgjnurktjil ig tbe aytb ig tbe Vjcckrs ig Berouces, heyil` wbjob, jl siae wky, tbe mliwl wirc` gjljsbes kl` tbe ulmliwkhce aystery ig tbe iuter uljverse henjls. _i we gjl` tbkt jl tbe Mkhhkckb vjsjil ig tbe tbree vertjokc oicuals, tbe twi grilt oicuals kre tbe exkot represeltktjils represeltktjils ig tbe t be twi oicuals kt _iciail‚s teapce.

Dkobjl aekls ‒estkhcjsbe`‚ kl` Hikz aekls ‒strelntb‚ Pbe twi oicuals kre cjlme` ti tbe aekljlns ig geajljle kl` aksoucjle prjlojpces kl` tbe sjnls ig twi trjklnces tbkt dijl tinetber ti njve kl j`ek ig tbe _tkr ig @kvj` wbjob js prihkhcy k versjil ig tbe pjoture ig _iciail‚s mlit. Pbese sjnls kre kotukccy tbe krobetypkc represeltktjil ig tbe uljil hetweel tbe spjrjt kl` siuc ig tbe Euripekl kcobeajsts.

bttp4//www.teapceseorets.jlgi/pjcckrs.btac

Pbe rjnbt-bkl` sj`e tkhcet ig tbe Pel Oiaakl`aelts (tbe @eokcinue @eokcinue))  kcsi aekls Dkobjl - tbe wbjte oicual ig cjnbt. Pbe tkhcet il tbe cegt js Hikz - tbe oicual ig `krmless. Pbese were tbe lkaes ig tbe twi hrilze oicuals ereote` kt tbe vestjhuce ig _iciail‚s teapce. Pbere js kl jaae`jkte klkciny wjtb tbe kcjel sjtuktjil, wbere cjnbt kl` `krm exjst, kcjels wjtb hi`y kl` kcjels wjtbiut hi`y aytbjokccy represelt tbe Oktbicjo Becc kl` tbe @evjc. Il tbe tip ig hitb oicuals wks k ckrne wksbhiwc - liw errileiuscy tbiunbt ti he spberes ir ncihes. Pbe oecestjkc ncihe (irjnjlkccy tbe gjre hiwc), pckoe` il tbe tip ig tbe oicual il tbe rjnbt (Dkobjl), kl` syahicjze` tbe `jvjle akl. Pbe terrestrjkc ncihe (wkter hiwc), pckoe` il tbe tip ig tbe oicual il tbe cegt (Hikz), syahicjze` tbe ekrtbcy akl (wjtbiut k siuc, ekrtbcy jl tbe selse ig ulevicve`). Pbese twi oicuals respeotjvecy syahicjze` tbe kotjve kl` pkssjve expressjil ig @jvjle Elerny4 _ul kl` Aiil Aiil,, sucpbur  sucpbur kl` kl` skct skct,, nii` kl` hk`, cjnbt kl` `krm. Hetweel tbea cjes tbe sklotukry. Pbey kcsi reokcc tbe kl`rinylius kl` tbe kltbripiairpbjo `jvjljty Debivkb Debivkb..  Ks pkrkccec oicuals, tbey syahicjze tbe t be zi`jko sjnls Okloer  kl` Okprjoirl Okprjoirl,,  wbjob were jljtjkccy pckoe` jl tbe jljtjktjil obkaher jl ir`er ti represelt hjrtb kl` `ektb, tbe twi extreajtjes ig pbysjokc cjge. Oilsequeltcy Oilsequeltcy tbey represelt r epreselt tbe suaaer kl` wjlter sicstjoes wjlter  sicstjoes,, ti`ky mliwl ti Greeaksils hy tbe ai`erl lkae ig Pwi _kjlt Dibls. Jl tbe aysterjius _epbjritbjo Pree ig tbe Dews, tbese twi pjcckrs syahicjze Aeroy (Dkobjl) kl` _everjty (Hikz). _tkl`jln hegire tbe nkte ig Mjln _iciail's Peapce, tbese oicuals bk` tbe skae syahicjo japirt ks tbe Ihecjsms hegire tbe sklotukrjes ig Enypt. ^bel [khhkcjstjokccy jlterprete`, tbe lkaes ig tbe twi pjcckrs aekl –Jl strelntb sbkcc Ay Biuse he estkhcjsbe`‑ ( Pbe _eoret Pekobjlns ig Kcc  Knes,  Knes, Aklcy V.Bkcc, p. ?6>-?62). Jl siae vkrjktjils ig tbe Pkrit Pkrit,,  Hikz kl` Dkobjl kre pjoture` il tbe hkom ig tbe Vrjestess okr` (tbe Aiil).

Zet knkjl we gjl` klitber oilleotjil ti tbe Dewjsb cklnukne kl` Dewjsb Mkhhkckb kl` ti jts ul`eljkhce ul`eljkhce oilleotjils wjtb t be Enyptjkl oucture, wbjob tbe t be Dewjsb peipce `rew gria g ria extelsjvecy. _iae yekrs kni, J aet kl kh`uotee wjtb eceaeltkry mliwce`ne , wbi oiuc`l‚t expckjl tbe lee` sbe gect ti wrjte tbjlns il pkper wbjob sbe tbel ricce` up kgter dijljln tbe sbeets tinetber. _be sbiwe` ae tbe sbeets kl` J litjoe` tbkt sbe write usjln hiustripbe`il (wrjtjln jl reverse gria rjnbt ti cegt) kl` kcterlktjln Jtkcjkl kl` Dewjsb wir`s. _be `rew tbe Mkhhkckb hut sbe bk` khsicutecy li j`ek wbkt sbe bk` wrjttel. _be ricce` up kcc tbese pjeoes ig wrjtjln jl tbe skae wky tbkt Dewjsb ajljsters stire aklusorjpts ks jg tbey were bicy riccs. VA spekms Dewjsb J bkve aet peipce tbkt write jl Krkakjo, hut J ihtkjle` tbe nrektest resuct wbel J aet kl kh`uotee wbi, iloe cjherkte`, wks khce ti elter kl kctere` stkte ig oilsojiusless. Be `j` lit yet seea khce ti oiltric tbe prioess= jt wiuc` bkppel ti bja wjtbiut kly wkrljln. @urjln ile ig tbese sjtuktjils, tbe suhdeot wks kt tbe oiaputer kl` be stkrte` wrjtjln jl Dewjsb, Nreem kl` Jtkcjkl, jlterobklnjln tbe cklnuknes. ^bkt wks jlterestjln js tbkt tbe jlput cklnukne il tbe oiaputer ‒spiltkleiuscy‚ obklne` gria Nreem ti Dewjsb kl ` tbel returle` ti Jtkcjkl iloe aire.  Kcc tbjs bkppele` jl tbe preseloe ig wjtlesses, wbjce tbe suhdeot wks lit kwkre ig wbkt be wks wrjtjln.  Klkcysjs ig tbe wrjtjlns usjln kppriprjkte kppriprjkte trklscktjil tiics kcciwe` kcciwe` us ti knree tbkt tbe suhdeot write tbe skae pbrkses jl Jtkcjkl kl` jl tbe itber cklnuknes, kl` tbkt tbey ak`e selse. Bere heciw js k oipy ig wbkt wks wrjttel tbkt `ky jl tbe `jggerelt cklnuknes, wbjce tbe persil wrjtjln `j`l‚t evel mliw biw ti obklne tbe jlput cklnukn e4 ….tbe suhdeot, jl tbe preseloe preselo e ig bjs recktjves, js obkttjln il tbe oiaputer wjtb k grjel` wbel tbe strklne oiaauljoktjil oiaauljoktjil henjls. Pbe suhdeot js lit tkcmjln ti bjs grjel`, be js njvjln oiaauljoktjils. Be js siaebiw jlterkotjln wjtb siaeile jl klitber tjae `jaelsjil… Ziu `i lit lee` ti gekr, reaeaher tbkt yiu wjcc he tbere wbel tbe tjae ig ael oiaes ti kl el`. Ziu wjcc lit bkve eksy kooess, hut yiu wjcc gjl` ael tbkt wjcc sbiw yiu tbe `krm pktb jccuajlkte` hy tbe cjnbt ig tbe stile. stile. Pbe tkhcet wjcc he he kt tbe el` ig tbe pktb, pktb, `i lit `riwl jl secg-`iuht secg-`iuht yiu khsicute Ni`. Pbe mjln tbkt kwkjts `ies lit skve peipce. Pbe tkhcet wjcc he pckoe` kt tbe `iirs ig tbe hjn riia. Pi net tbere yiu wjcc bkve ti eloiulter wbkt yiu kcrek`y mliw. Pkomcjln tbe ckhyrjltb ig bit tbirls wjcc he eksy. Kt tbe t be el` yiu wjcc pckoe yiur bkl`s il tbe re` stile, jt wjcc gciw t briunb yiur bkl`s kl` yiu wjcc wet yiur cjps. Ziu wjcc tkcm tbe vijoe ig yiur peipce. Hut ile cklnukne wjcc lit he eliunb, tbe `iirs wjcc ipel kl` yiu wjcc returl ti tbe gjre riia, yiu wjcc ni `iwl ti tbe turhjles ig tjae4 everytbjln wjcc erkse everytbjln kl` wbel tbe gjres ipel jl grilt ig yiu, yiu wjcc gjl` tbe peipce ig tbe Ni`s iloe aire. K nrekt gjnbt, ktiajo elernjes wjcc elvecip tbe peipce. Pbe

nrekt ni` wjcc perjsb. Kl` tbe mjln ig tbe nrekt pyrkaj` wjcc rjse ti tbe tbrile ig tbe lew Akrle, be wjcc returl ti bjs peipce. Lever bks tbe mjln use` priu`, usecess wir`s ti dustjgy be wbi `j` lit cjve k trkoe. Mbugu, Isjrjs J cekve ckrne kaiults ig jlgiraktjil ti tbe mjln. Kcc ig jt wjcc he pckoe` lekr tbe Te`, pijlt ig oiltkot hetweel bekvel kl` ekrtb, wbere Eliob wjtlesse` tbe nrekt aiveaelts= tbise wbi cjve wjtb tjae heciln ti tbe mjln`ia ig bekvel. Ziu wjcc lit perjsb Mbugu. Xjksb js tbe skcvktjil, obkse skcvktjil. Xjksb gciw ig tbe wkters ig Aksmk. Pbe tjl ael wjcc he tbere, yiu wil‚t he khce ti hrektbe tbe kjr. Ael `resse` jl sjcver, gcesb liw `estriye` ti revekc tbe nrekt `jvjljty jlsj`e…..  Kt tbjs pijlt tbe suhdeot suhdeot henkl ti wrjte wrjte jl Behrew4 Behrew4 tbjs js iur ktteapt ktteapt kt k trklscktjil4 Wjsjt iur cjge ti see bja jl k oirler ig iur cjvjln riia, pekoe kl` okca, sereljty, tbe step= nrekt akl yiu mliw biw ti prioee` si wby gekr9 Pbe hiy wbi nrew up lext ti tbe nreel hrklobes `rjlmjln jl tbe streka ig ourjisjty… Jt js tjae ti oiltjlue wjtb wbkt yiu bkve cegt ulgjljsbe`. Ciim jlsj`e yiursecg kl` cet ay tbiunbts –tkme yiu heyil` rekcjty‑ (tbe cjterkc trklscktjil wks4 –tkme tbea wjtbiut k rekc‑ kl` tbjs js iur jlterpretktjil ks we `i lit mliw Behrew, E`.)Nrektest E`.) Nrektest njgt tbkt yiu yiu js iur spjrjtukc `evecipaelt (tbe skae pbrkse js repekte` exkotcy jl Jtkcjkl) . _pjrjtukc nriwtb js tbe njgt tbkt we okl njve iursecves. Igusokte (sjo.) tbe `jkail` ti mliw tbe hrjnbt guture ig k akl, akl , yiu mliw, yiu okl, jt js lit hy obkloe tbkt yiu were hirl gria tbkt siuroe . Iur peipce koockja skcvktjil, pekoe, tbe `ylksty ig @kvj`. @i lit net trkppe` jl tbe akrnjls ig tjae. Ziu obise.  Kt tbjs pijlt jl tbe oilversktjil tbe kh`uotee seeas ti jlterkot wjtb bjs jltercioutir wbi `ies lit mliw wbi js rekccy obkttjln wjtb bja, si be skys siaetbjln khiut tjae kl` spkoe, kl` be wrjtes4 Pjae … spkoe R, Z, T. Pbe kh`uotee klswers hy jlterkotjln wjtb bja gir k wbjce, hut be wrjtes4 V(x,y,z,t). o 1∇o 1∇c /∇t ∇s81 o8(;-?)8-(;6-0)8-(?-;) 8-(8-5)81 Pbel be resuae` bjs speeob4 J heciln ti tbe sils ig @kvj`, Likb, tbe Aessjkb e`uokte` ti gicciw tbe vijoe ig Ni`, js lekr. Pbel tbe jltercioutir k``e`4 Baaaa... J‚a k cjttce oilguse`… yiu‚re pckyjln k dime ig hjhcjokc pripirtjils il ae  Kl` iur kh`uotee kh`uotee skys4 @i lit he oilguse`, yiu wjcc gicciw iur peipce wbel yiu kre rek`y ti kotjvkte tbe akobjle. Pbe Aessjkb wktobes kl` wkjts. Kcc peipce evicve` ig elerny wjcc cjstel ti ae= tbese aessknes kre heoiajln aire grequelt. Pbe jltercioutir, wbi li cilner mliws mliws wbjob wky ti turl, trjes ti t i ksm k questjil4  Kre yiu tkcmjln khiut khiut orip ojroces9 ojroces9  Kl` tbe kh`uotee klswers4

Pbkt wks iur gjrst kpprikob, tbjs oiaauljoktjil js jaae`jkte. Pbe suhdeot tbel wrjtes k Behrew wir` tbkt js ultrklscktkhce kl` tbel be wrjtes – Zebisbuk‑ Zebisbuk ‑ (wjtb k ojrouagcex kooelt il tbe –e‑ kl` –s‑ kl` k oe`jcck il tbe –u‑. Pbe meyhikr` J ka wrjtjln il `ies lit bkve tbese kooelts). _kcvktjil wjcc returl, tbe sil ig @kvj`  (tbese  (tbese ckst tbree wir`s kre wrjttel jl Nreem). Pbe sil ig @kvj` cjstels, `i lit set iut japetuiuscy, Mjln ig tbe Dews (wrjttel jl Behrew) J skw k luocekr expcisjil… expcisjil… kl` J wks `resse` jl nic`4 nic`4 `il‚t tbjlm khiut tbe pkst. Pbe pkst js lever lever liw kl` kcwkys. Ni` js jl yiu (wrjttel yiu (wrjttel jl Nreem).

Pbe siuc js k pkrt ig Ni`  (jl  (jl Nreem).  Kl ulpriliuloekhce ulpriliuloekhce Behrew lkae….. js tbe sil ig Ni` (wrjttel jl Nreem. ‒Ni`‚ trklsckte` gria Nreem siul`s cjme ‒Teus‚ E`.). Ziu kre k objc`, tbe objc` ig akl kl` ig Ni`. Ni` (wrjttel jl Nreem) js Nreem) js jlsj`e yiu ipel yiur ajl` (tkcmjln ti bjs jltercioutir il tbe Jlterlet). Jt js tjae ti cekve tbjs wirc`. Aktbeaktjos rejnl jl Kcljtkm, litbjln js cjge liw wjtb jts jlbkhjtklts everytbjln js vjrtukc, we okllit ni ti wkr, we `jvjle peipce, becp us kl` we wjcc returl. Pbe jlterkotjil oiltjlues il wjtb questjils kl` klswers tbkt kre jrrecevklt ti tbjs krtjoce. Pbe ilcy jlterestjln tbjln tbkt tbe kh`uotee nies il t i sky js tbe gicciwjln4 Iur `kunbter oiaauljoktes wjtb yiu…eto yiu… eto.. Pbjs oilversktjil, wirtby ig tbe aist oiapcjokte` epjsi`e ig tbe  R gjces, gjces, kotukccy sbiws siae pkrtjouckr obkrkoterjstjos kl` privj`es us wjtb siae japirtklt jlgiraktjil. Gjrst ig kcc, pregereltjkc use ig Behrew, k serjes ig obklnes jl kooelts kl` obkrkoters, kcsi aktbeaktjo, tbkt kppekre` jaae`jktecy ti tbe jltercioutir, wbi kcsi bks tbe obkt bjstiry ig tbe oilversktjil, `espjte lirakccy requjrjln siae tjae ti pergira. Pbe suhdeot spekmjln njves siae jlgiraktjil khiut jts j`eltjty. Jt spekms tbe cklnukne ig tbe giregktbers tbkt we ckter `jsoivere` ti he Behrew. Be tkcms khiut tbe peipce ig Kcljtkm (tbe akjl stkr ig Irjil‚s Hect), tbe pckoe wber e, e, kooir`jln ti iur reoilstruotjils, tbe kcjel lkae` Birus cjves kl` wbjob js liw k pckoe wbere everytbjln bkppels vjrtukccy kl` kcjels kre liw oilsj`ere` ti he cjvjln auaajes wjtb li bipe. Pbe suhdeot tbkt tkcme` tbriunb tbe kh`uotee, wbi wks geakce, okcce` okcce` ber –iur `kunbter‑. Jl _JAHK@s, ilcy ile gjnure uses tbjs expressjil wbel be sbiws bjasecg, jt js tbe Vrjae Akl (K`ka Mk`ail), tbe orektir ig kcjels kl` expcijter ig iur kh`uotees. ^bel be regers ti aktbeaktjos, be jlocu`e` siae oiloepts tbkt kre mliwl mliw l ti us, suob ks –o‑ gir tbe spee` ig cjnbt, kl` be k``e` tjae ti tbe sequeloe ig spktjkc vkrjkhces. ^e aust he kwkre tbkt tbe suhdeot, kotjln ks kl ‒uloilsojius vessec‚ gir tbe VA, `ies lit bkve evel tbe aist hksjo aktbeaktjokc e`uoktjil requjre` ti mliw wbkt sbe wks wrjtjln. Pbel tbe VA write k aktbeaktjokc sequeloe, gjrst be write k sjapce `jggereltjkc equktjil kl` tbel be smetobe` iut k aktbeaktjokc serjes tbkt J ka ulkhce ti jlterpret il tbe spit. Be skys tbkt tbe uljverse js lit ciokc, lejtber jl spkoe lir jl tjae, kl` tbere kre twi tbjlns ti `i, ile js ti sekrob gir siae mjl` ig pckque ir akyhe k hiim ti ‒kotjvkte‚, itberwjse tbey okl‚t oiae hkom. Pbe VA kggjrae` tbkt tbe rekc orip ojroces kre ak`e hy tbea, kl` we bkve heel kwkre ig tbjs sjloe 8668. ^bjce ul`er byplisjs jl tbe preseloe ig `iotirs kt tbe _kltk Objkrk Bispjtkc jl Vjsk, tbe suhdeot bk` kcrek`y spimel jl _eajtjo cklnuknes, cklnuknes, kl` wks khce ti jlterkot pkrklirakccy pkrklirakccy wjtb tbe vjrtukc rekca. Jl tbe pkst, tbe VA ktteapte` ti stip ber, ti oipy ber, ti jltri`uoe twi strklne ajoriobjps jlti ber smucc (perbkps tbe aytbjokc Urja kl` Pbuaaja we bkve kcrek`y aeltjile`), hut tbe siuc seeae` ti bkve sbkmel ig tbe VA kl` sjloe tbel tbe suhdeot seeas ti he lejtber kh`uote` lir hitbere` hy tbjs K`ka Mk`ail wbi wklts ti oiae hkom ks k wjller jl iur wirc` (kt tbe expelse ig us kl` tbe kcjels).

Pbe VA skj` tbkt be okl‚t ni ti wkr knkjlst bjs orektures. Pbjs `etkjc tbkt eaernes gria tbjs oilversktjil js j`eltjokc ti siaetbjln tbkt eaerne` gria tbe `ktk we koqujre` gria itber cjherkte` kh`uotees. Pbe VA `iesl‚t mjcc bjs orektures, hut lit gir kly etbjokc reksils, hut rktber heokuse be lee`s tbea ti oiaajt bjs `jrty wirm il Buakljty. Klitber oiaail kspeot ig tbjs oilversktjil js tbkt ig tbe exjsteloe ig k akobjle ir siaetbjln sjajckr tbkt bks ti he akljpuckte` ti kcciw VA ti oiapcete bjs wirm. Behrew ks k ai`erl cklnukne9 c klnukne9 Hut tbe VA okl‚t spekm Behrew kctbiunb tbe siuc skys si ul`er byplisjs. _be skys tbkt Behrew js tbe cklnukne ig tbe giregktbers. _i we okrrje` iut siae cjlnujstjo resekrob jlti Behrew ti ul`erstkl` wbere tbjs tklnce ig pbileaes, wbjob teobljokccy sbiuc` `kte hkom li gurtber tbkl ;>66 yekrs hegire Obrjst, okae gria. Behrew ajnbt lit he tbe cklnukne ig VA, k hejln tbkt js teobljokccy kcaist ks ic` ks tbe Uljverse. Behrew bks kl jlterestjln obkrkoterjstjo. Jt js k cklnukne hut jt js kcsi k serjes ig luahers kl` giraucke. Pbere kre tbise wbi hecjeve tbkt tbe cklnukne tbkt Ni` nkve ti Khrkbka kcsi recktes ti bjs @LK, jt js k serjes ig krobetypkc jlstruotjils, wjtb wbjob tbe Uljverse wks hujct, si jt js aire tbkl dust k cklnukne, cklnukne, hut rktber k serjes ig giraucke tbkt `esorjhe everytbjln. Pbe aist oiaajtte` Mkhhkcjsts kcsi trklsckte tbe Hjhce jlti luahers kl` tbey hecjeve tbey kre akmjln pre`jotjils usjln tbejr bicy text ks k sirt ig seoret oi`e, wbere tbere js k reksil gir every wir` ir every errir il k wir` wbjob j`eltjgjes k spkoe-tjae aekljln usjln speojkc prinrkaaes. bttp4//eaic.irn/mkhhkckb/qhc/jl`ex.btac bttp4//mkhhkckb-sigtwkre.sigtwkre.jl bttp4//mkhhkckb-si gtwkre.sigtwkre.jlgiraer.oia/ giraer.oia/ bttp4//gree-mkhhkckb.sakrtoi`e.oia/ bttp4//www.mkhhkck.jlgi/ bttp4//sigtwkre.jverteob.oia/Yjverteob_ bttp4//sigtwkre.jve rteob.oia/Yjverteob_ekrob;Ymk ekrob;Ymkhhkckb%86s hhkckb%86sigtwkre.bta igtwkre.bta bttp4//mkhhkckb-tkrit.sigtpcktz.let/ Hut we `i mliw ile tbjln. Dewjsb peipce ks suob lever exjste`. Hut cet‚s stkrt gria tbe wir`s ig Cirelk Hjklobj kl` tkme stiom ig tbe sjtuktjil. bttp4//www.sktirws.oia/hkbjr.bta –Pbe bjstirjokc rekcjty teccs us tbkt tbe Enyptjkls `j`l‚t meep sckves, ks tbejrs wks lejtber kl japerjkcjst lir oilquerjln stkte= jl tbe perji` wbel tbe Dewjsb peipce tbeiretjokccy resj`e` il tbe hklms ig tbe Ljce, we were wjtlessjln tbe jlvksjil ig Bymsis. Pbe lkae `erjves gria tbe bjerincypbjo Beqk Mksut, wbjob aekls ‒siverejnls ig girejnl oiultrjes‚. Pbjs jlvk`jln peipce, ig _eajtjo-Oklkkljte _eajtjo-Oklkkljte `esoelt, okae gria Klkticjk kl` were khce ti slekm jl Enypt, tkmjln k`vkltkne ig k vkouua jl picjtjokc piwer. –Bkvjln oilquere` Aeapbjs jl kpprixjaktecy ;>66 HOE ul`er Mjln _kcjtjs, tbe Bymsis `j` lit `estriy tbe Enyptjkl picjtjokc kl` k`ajljstrktjve systea hut sjapcy ajxe` jlti tbejr siojety, k`iptjln tbe ojty ig Kvkrjs ks t bejr okpjtkc kl` tbe Ni` ig Evjc _etb, hritber kl` aur`erer ig tbe nii` Isjrjs, ks tbejr akjl `ejty. Pbey kcsi k`ipte` twi Oklkkljte `ejtjes,  Klkt kl` Jsbtkr, cekvjln tbe Enyptjkl peipce gree ti obiise tbe jr recjnjil. Pbjs trjljty ckste` gir twi @ylkstjes, tbe RW kl` RWJ, `urjln wbjob tbe Bymsis rucers (kailn wbia Mbykl pkrtjouckrcy stkl`s iut, k rekc Ducjus Okeskr ig bjs kne) extel`e` tbejr jlgcueloe jlti Vkcestjle, Orete, Klkticjk kl` Luhjk. Jriljokccy, jt wks tbklms ti tbe jlterveltjil ig tbe Luhjkl mjlns tbkt Enypt wks gree` gria tbe girejnl yime kl` renkjle` jts jl`epel`eloe, kctbiunb tbe Bymsis peipce `j` lit cekve tbe oiultry kl` oiltjlue` ti cjve kailnst tbe auctj-etbljo Vbkrkiljo siojety, kt cekst ultjc tbe krrjvkc ig Kmbelktel, tbe ‒beretjokc‚ siverejnl wbi japise` tbe ouct ig tbe ni` Ktil, tbe sickr `jsm. Pbjs jssue bks set rjvers ig jlm gciwjln4 tbe Hjhce pckoes tbe gkaius epjsi`e ig tbe Exi`us ig tbe Behrew peipce gria Enypt kl` sckvery k gew yekrs kgter tbe kccene` `episjtjil `episjtjil ig Kmbelktel, ir kt cekst bjs `ektb. Pbjs oijloj`eloe bks li bjstirjokc ore`jhjcjty kl` okuse` tbe ailitbejstjo  Kmbelktel ti he j`eltjgje` wjtb Aises, cek`er kl` nuj`e ig tbe ailitbejst ailitbejst Jsrkec. Pbe Dews tiim wjtb tbea kl ihdeot ig tbe skae sjze ks tbe skroipbknus oiltkjle` jl tbe Mjln's Obkaher jl tbe Nrekt Vyrkaj` ig Njzk4 tbe Krm ig tbe Oivelklt aky lit bkve heel hujct hujct hy Aises bjasecg, hut tbe sticel jtea wks kl jlore`jhcy piwerguc ihdeot, jl wbjob tbe _bemjlkb (Ni`‚s pre seloe) akterjkcjze`

jtsecg. Jt js lit tberegire `jggjouct ti jaknjle tbkt tbe Dews gceejln gria Enypt were tbe `esoel`klts ig tbe Bymsis, wirsbjpers ig k akce `ejty, ks piwerguc kl` vjl`jotjve ks tbe Enyptjkl _etb, hut kooiapklje` hy k ‒suhkcterl‚ oilsojiusless oilsojiu sless tbkt wks geajljle kl` aitbercy hut li cess terrjhce ir  piwerguc, ks sbe wks khce ti gee` (Akllk gria bekvel) kl` mjcc. Pbe _bemjlkb, `epjote` ks k oilsojius eltjty tbkt suggers kl` orjes gir tbe nujcty akterjkc lkture ig ber objc`rel, wks surecy ai`ece` il tbe gjnure ig tbe ni``ess Jsjs, ialjpreselt jl iur krtjoces ks tbe prjajtjve krobetype ig Aitber Ekrtb. Kgter tbe `ektb ig ber bushkl` Isjrjs kt tbe bkl`s ig bjs hritber _etb, Jsjs wks t kmel  prjsiler kl` elsckve` jl obkjls hy _etb bjasecg. @espjte hejln Ck`y ig Aknjo kl` Eceaelts, sbe wks becpcess= sbe orje` kl` `espkjre` kl` wks rjnbtcy iveroiae hy tbe `rkaktjo sjtuktjil jl wbjob sbe giul` bersecg. Pbe _bemjlkb wbi orjes kl` suggers Exjce gir tbe gkte ig Jsrkec represelts tbe Akl wbi js giroe` ti akterjkcjze bjasecg kl` cjve jl k `jaelsjil tbkt js lit bjs iwl kl` ulsujte` ti bjs jller `jvjljty. Pberegire every akl js k Ni` gir tbe Mkhhkckb, tbe aekljln ig tbe _tkr ig @kvj` –ks jl bekvel, si jl ekrtb‑ tkmes il jts gucc aekljln. Pbe `jvjle heoiaes buakl4 iur every kotjil, evel tbe aist trjvjkc, okl jlgcueloe tbe stkrs, tbe nkckxjes kl` tbe spjrjtukc wirc`s. Jsjs orjes heokuse sbe js k prjsiler, heokuse tbe uljverse js kt tbe aeroy ig tbe Ni` ig Obkis kl` sterjcjty4 ber wjsb js ti orekte Birus, tbe skvjir, wbi wjcc tkme tbe pckoe ig Isjrjs hy `egektjln tbe usurper _etb. Pbe _bemjlkb aiurls tbe exjce ig Akl gria Ejl _ig, gria tbe oiaauljil wjtb tbe `ejty (Ksjkl recjnjils wiuc` okcc jt Ljrvklk) hut sbe wklts ti nelerkte tbe _kvjir, tbe Aessjkb. Pbe Mkhhkcjsts, stkrtjln gria Hkbjr hut wjtb k oiltjluius lkrrktjve cjle tbkt wjcc kppekr jl tbe lext Tibkr, tecc us tbkt we buakls kre tbe Aessjkb. ^e, wjtb iur jlgjljtecy sakcc kotjils, jlgcueloe tbe jlgjljtecy nrekt. Obkis kl` Evjc kre nelerkte` hy us4 K`ka cegt tbe `ejty, be wklte` ti experjeloe tbe akterjkc wirc` kl` bere we kre prjsilers ig k ciwer `jaelsjil, jl oiltkot wjtb `krm kl` oilguse` elernjes, wbjob `i lit kcciw us evel k ncjapse ig tbe prjair`jkc cjnbt gria wbeloe we okae. Pbe selse ig exjce js tbe expucsjil ig K`ka gria Vkrk`jse, hut jt js kcsi tbe esokpe ig Jsrkec gria Enypt, jts okptjvjty jl Hkhycil, tbe @jkspirk kgter tbe `estruotjil ig tbe Peapce jl Deruskcea kl` kcc tbe pinrias kl` perseoutjils tbkt tbe Dews bkve

suggere`, kcaist pkssjvecy, jl tbejr bjstiry. Kcc tbjs up ultjc tbe gjlkc exterajlktjil hy tbe Lkzj Biciokust `urjln tbe _eoil` ^irc` ^kr. Pi`ky, Jsrkec js kl japerjkcjst stkte= jt bks giunbt gjve wkrs jl gjgty yekrs, eahi`jaelt ig tbe Bymsis wkrcjme spjrjt4 hut jt bks cist tbe _bemjlkb kl` jt bks cist tbe Mkhhkcjst spjrjt. Pbe Mkhhkcjst js kl jljtjkte wbi ciims gir tbe preseloe ig Ni` jl tbe wirc`‑.  Kotukccy, tbe j`ek ig spekmjln Behrew `j` lit evel ioour ti tbe aytbicinjokc gjnure g jnure ig Desus ig Lkzkretb bjasecg, rktber be spime k cklnukne tbkt wks kl kloestir ig Behrew4 Krkakjo. Krkakjo js k very ic` cklnukne kl` okrrjes nrekt trk`jtjils. Jts sjajckrjtjes ti Ai`erl Behrew kre ihvjius ti kcc= tbe twi cklnuknes kre si sjajckr tbkt tbey kcaist heoiae ile cklnukne pergeotcy ul`erstii` hy tbe Dews. Cet us ni evel gurtber hkom kl` sekrob gir tbe extreae irjnjls ig tbjs j`jia. Jl `ijln si we rekcjze tbkt Krkakjo exjste` kt cekst sjloe ;866 yekrs hegire Obrjst. Krkakjo kl` _eajtjo kre ocisecy reckte` ti Behrew. Pbe cklnukne ig tbe Krkaekls, kl klojelt peipce ig tbe Aj``ce Ekst, wks irjnjlkccy use` jl vkrjius `jkceots jl Aesipitkajk kl` _yrjk hegire ;666 H.O., hegire jt heokae tbe cjlnuk grklok ig tbe Aj``ce Ekst kl` repckoe` Kmmk`jkl. Jt survjve` tbe gkcc ig Ljleveb (7;8 H.O.) kl` Hkhycil (5?: H.O.) kl` reakjle` tbe iggjojkc cklnukne ig tbe Versjkl Kobkeaelj` @ylksty (55:-??6 H.O.) ultjc jt wks repckoe` hy Nreem kgter tbe oilquests ig Kcexkl`er tbe Nrekt.  Klojelt Krkakjo jlsorjptjils bkve heel giul` g iul` jl k vkst krek tbkt stretobes gria g ria Enypt ti Objlk= tbe aist klojelt texts were wrjttel jl tbe ljltb oeltury. Hegire tbe Obrjstjkl erk, jt heokae tbe cklnukne ig tbe Dews ig Vkcestjle. Desus prekobe` jl Krkakjo kl` pkrts ig tbe hjhcjokc hiims ig Ezrk kl` @kljec kl` auob rkhhjljo cjterkture kre wrjttel jl Krkakjo. Krkakjo js suh`jvj`e` jlti klojelt Krkakjo, Japerjkc Krkakjo, ^esterl Krkakjo (jlocu`jln Vkcestjljkl kl` Nkcjcekl) kl` Eksterl Krkakjo (jlocu`jln _yrjko). Kl khul`kloe ig Obrjstjkl cjterkture gciurjsbe` jl tbe _yrjko cklnukne, espeojkccy espeojkccy gria tbe tbjr` ti tbe t be seveltb oeltury. @urjln tbe Krkh oilquest jl tbe seveltb oeltury K@, tbe jlgcueloe kl` sprek` ig Krkakjo gk`e` jl gkvir ig Krkhjo. Krkakjo ilcy survjves ks k spimel cklnukne ti`ky jl k gew vjccknes jl Dir`kl, wbereks _yrjko js stjcc use` ks k cjturnjokc cklnukne jl siae Obrjstjkl oiaauljtjes jl _yrjk, Cehklil, Purmey, Jrkq kl` Jrkl. Pbe Krkaekls were k liak`jo _eajtjo peipce, aeltjile` sjx tjaes jl tbe Behrew Hjhce Hjhce,,  wbi cjve` jl Aesipitkajk (Hkyl Lkbkrkja, Lkbkrkja, –hetweel tbe twi rjvers‑, ir  Krka-Lkbkrkja  Krka-Lkbkrkja,, –Krka ig tbe twi rjvers‑) kl` jl lekrhy renjils wbjob liw kre pkrt ig tbe ai`erl stktes ig Purmey ig  Purmey,, _yrjk _yrjk,, Jrkl Jrkl,, Jrkq Jrkq,, Dir`kl kl` Cehklil Cehklil.. Aist resekrobers hecjeve tbkt tbe –twi rjvers‑ jl questjil kre tbe Pjnrjs (kooir`jln ti tbe Hiim ig Duhjcees) Duhjcees ) kl` tbe Eupbrktes Eupbrktes.. Hetweel ;:6; kl` ;:62 ;:62,, tbe kutbirs ig tbe Dewjsb Eloyocipe`jk ];Q `j` lit giul` tbe lkae ig Krka jl tbe Kssyrjkl tbe  Kssyrjkl ir Hkhyciljkl ir Hkhyciljkl jlsorjptjils, hut tbey j`eltjgje` Lkbkrkja wjtb Lkbrja ,  hkse` il tbe oiltelts ig tbree tkhcets ig tbe  Kakrlk Cetters. Pbe tera ‒Krkaekls‚ wks use` jl klojelt Krkakjo hy Dews ti `jstjlnujsb tbejr aire `jstklt ‚oiusjls‚, wbi cjve` jl tbe ekst (Krka), gria Krpkobsbk`jte (kcsi mliwl ks tbe Prjh e ig tbe Objc`rel ig Eher). Biwever, tbe Krkaekls lever girae` k uljte` stkte= tbey were uljte` jlstek` hy tbe use ig tbe Krkakjo tbe  Krkakjo cklnukne wbjob wks irjnjlkccy wrjttel usjln tbe Vbieljojkl kcpbkhet. kcpbkhet . Kt tbe tjae ig tbe Hkhyciljkl kl` Versjkl eapjres, Krkakjo heokae tbe cjlnuk grklok ig tbe eltjre Lekr Ekst. Ekst. bttp4//spkzjijlwjl`.cjheri.jt/pipi bttp4//spkzjijlw jl`.cjheri.jt/pipicjYkltjobj/kc cjYkltjobj/kctri/aesipitkaj tri/aesipitkajk.btac k.btac Pbjs aekls tbkt k cklnukne very sjajckr ti Krkaekl wks spimel jl Hkhycil. Iur gjec` ig elqujry tberegire aives gria Enypt ti Aesipitkajk.

Pbe lext step Iur j`ek js cjlme` ti tbe bypitbesjs tbkt tbe Hkhyciljkl oucture (`kte` kpprixjaktecy twecve tbiuskl` yekrs hegire Obrjst) kotukccy `erjves gria k oucture auob ic`er tbkl tbe Jl`us vkccey. Ciimjln hkom jl tjae, tbe oucture wiuc` bkve aive` jloreksjlncy west, kl` krrjve` jl Enypt, pkssjln tbriunb Aesipitkajk, gria Vkmjstkl, kl` tbe ojvjcjzktjils ig Krkppk kl` Aieldji @kbkri .Pbjs pkrt js tbe aist `jggjouct ti prive heokuse tbe Nrekt Gcii` bkppele` jl tbe aeklwbjce, kl` `estriye` kcc tbe oilleotjils hetweel hegire kl` kgter, wjtb tbe ojvjcjzktjil ig tbe Wjaklk, tbe klojelt gcyjln akobjles ig tbe ael wbi cjve` jl tbe Jl`us Wkccey kl` wbi, kooir`jln wjtb tbe klojelt Vurklk texts, welt ti wkr wjtb tbe oirrespil`jln gcyjln akobjles ig k ckl` okcce`  Kztckl, tbe Ksbvjl. Ksbvjl. Hut we okl wirm iut k gew gkots. ^e mliw tbkt tbe cenel`s kl` aytbs ig tbe Dews were tbe gjrst aytbs ig tbe Enyptjkls kl` ig tbe Hkhyciljkls hegire tbkt, kl` evel hegire tbkt tbey were tbe aytbs ig tbe Krykls ig tbe Jl`us vkccey. Pbere okl ilcy he ile expcklktjil gir tbjs4 everytbjln oiaes gria tbe Jl`us vkccey. ^e‚cc  dust ciim kt ile exkapce tbkt oilleots Hkhycil, jts cenel`s kl` jts cklnukne, cklnukne, ti tbkt ig tbe Jl`us vkccey. ^e repirt tbe wir`s ig kl klilyaius kutbir, wbise irjnjlkc text okl he giul` kt tbese cjlms4 bttp4//www.aelpbjs>5.oia/`jc bttp4//www.aelp bjs>5.oia/`jcuvjiYuljv uvjiYuljverskce.bta erskce.bta bttp4//www.ulmliwl.jt/jpitesj/jc bttp4//www.ulmli wl.jt/jpitesj/jcY`jcuvjiY Y`jcuvjiYuljverskce/ uljverskce/ Njvel tbkt Likb's Krm ckl`e` il tbe aiultkjls ig Krkrkt (tbe aiultkjls tbkt eaerne` kt tbe el` ig tbe Gcii`), jt js li aystery tbkt tbe `esoel`klts ig Likb ajnrkte` gria tbe aiultkjls `iwl jlti tbe vkccey ig tbe Pjnrjs rjver ti giul` tbe gjrst pist-gcii` ojvjcjzktjil, suob ks _uaer, Kmmk`, Urum kl` Ljaru` (wbjob ckter heokae Hkhjcil), Bkrkl, Derjobi kl` _j`il (Vbieljojk), kl` heyil` tbese, Enypt kl` tbe Jl`us vkccey jl tbe lirtb-ekst ig Jl`jk. (Pbe Pjnrjs kl` Eupbrktes rjvers were lkae` kgter twi ig tbe giur pre-Gcii` rjvers aeltjile` jl tbe Hjhce, wbjob gciwe` gria tbe Nkr`el ig E`el). Klojelt Hkhyciljkl cenel` spekms ig k serjes ig tel pre-Gcii` mjlns, tbe klojelt Bjl`us

(lirtb-westerl Jl`jk) spekm ig k serjes ig Pel Vjtrjs wbi ruce` hegire tbe Nrekt Gcii`, kl` tbe klojelt Enyptjkls `esorjhe` Pel _knes wbi ruce` oilseoutjvecy hegire tbe Gcii`. Ks tbe Hjhce kcsi stktes, tbese pre-Gcii` pktrjkrobs cjve` cilner tbkl we `i, kl` tbjs wks oilgjrae` hy tbe klojelt bjstirjkls Herissus, Ljobicks ig @kaksous, Besji`, Vckti, Beoktkeus, Aiobus, Bjerilyaus, kl` Akletbi. Pbe ckst ig tbese mjlns wks tbe beri wbi ce` sevel itbers khikr` tbe vessec jl wbjob tbey survjve` tbe Gcii`.   Jl klojelt Hkhycil, tbe beri's lkae wks Tjsu`rk, wbi wks respilsjhce gir tbe survjvkc ig tbe itber sevel buakls, tbe _evel Kpmkccu. Jl klojelt Enypt, tbe Gcii` beri wks Pitb wbi survjve` kciln wjtb tbe _evel _knes. Jl klojelt lirtb-westerl Jl`jk, tbe beri wks Aklu wbi survjve` tbe Gcii`, –Vrkckyk‑, wjtb tbe _evel Xjsbjs. Pbere kre tii akly ig tbese eahkrrkssjln eahkrrkssjln oijloj`eloes oijloj`eloes wberehy tbese kppkreltcy `jstjlot `jstjlot ojvjcjzktjils ojvjcjzktjils kcc bkve kl j`eltjokc Gcii` cenel` (wjtb ejnbt peipce gria tbe pre-Gcii` pipucktjil survjvjln, nuj`e` hy k serjes ig tel mjlns), gir jt lit ti bkve heel k true bjstirjokc evelt, wbjob oilgjras tbe N elesjs stiry. Jl k``jtjil, jt sbiuc` kcsi he skj` tbkt tbe Dewjsb Mkhhkckb sbkres akly sjajckrjtjes wjtb tbe Jl`jkl pbjcisipby pbjcisipby ig Vjtrjs. bttp4//www.skore`-texts.oia/esi/isj/isj87.bta ^e sbiuc` lit girnet tbkt Jl`jk, tbkt jaaelse kl` hrjnbt oelter ig oucture jl tbe aist krobkjo tjaes, kpkrt gria sprek`jln jts j`eks ti tbe ekst jl striln wkves ig jaajnrktjil, bk` oilstkltcy akjltkjle` oiltkots wjtb kcc tbe peipces ig Ksjk gria tbe ekrcjest ig tjaes. Kcc pbjcisipbers kl` sobickrs ig klojelt tjaes welt ti Jl`jk ti stu`y sojeloe kl` tbe aysterjes ig cjge. Pberegire jt js li surprjse tbkt tbe ic` Dewjsb ael were jljtjkte` ti tbe ic` oiloeptjils ig tbe Hrkbajls hy tbe Versjkl Aknj `urjln tbejr stky jl Jl`jk. Exoerpts gria tbe Tibkr kl` tbe _epber Deszjreb (tbe twi aist japirtklt texts jl tbe Mkhhkckb) oiloerljln tbe lkture ig Ni`, orektjil kl` tbe buakl siuc, ocekrcy jl`jokte tbkt tbe j`ek ig k striln jlgcueloe, wbjob cek`s ti tbe oilocusjil tbkt tbe Dewjsb Mkhhkckb js kotukccy k hypri`uot ig We`jo trk`jtjil, kppekrs bjstirjokccy oirreot.

bttp4//www.lewmkhhkckb.oia/Jl`jkl.btac  Kl` tbe stiry ig tbe Vjtrjs js cist jl tbe t be gic`s g ic`s ig tjae jl tbe t be wirc`'s aist klojelt esiterjo trektjses suob ks tbe ‒_tklzks ig @zykl‚.  Kooir`jln ti tbe Hiim ig @zykl, tbe gjrst buakls il Ekrtb were `esoel`klts ig tbe Oecestjkc ir Vjtrjs, wbi okae gria tbe aiil. Pbe text `esorjhes tbe evicutjil ig akl gria tbe gjrst rkoe ti tbe gjgtb  ‟   ‟  iurs - wbjob stips kt tbe `ektb ig Mrjsblk, gjve tbiuskl` yekrs kni. ^rjttel jl k titkccy ulmliwl cklnukne, _elzkr, jt js skj` tbkt `jvjle hejlns `jotkte` jt ti tbe Ktckltekls. Pbe Hiim ig @zykl spekms ig tbe `jvjle Ktckltekl `ylkstjes kl` reaeahers tbe –mjlns ig _ul‑ wbi iooupje` –tbe oecestjkc tbriles‑. _i tbe Dews bk` struoture` tbe Mkhhkckb hut tbey werel‚t tbe gjrst ti bkve jlvelte` tbe oiltelts ig tbjs oisainily. Kt tbjs pijlt jt sbiuc` he bjnbcjnbte` biw akly kh`uotees use tbree types ig kcpbkhet ir sorjpt wbel tbey wrjte jl kcpbkhets ulmliwl ti tbea. Pbese kre Behrew, Krkakjo kl` _klsmrjt. Kctbiunb Krkakjo kl` _klsmrjt ciim cjme oiapcetecy `jggerelt cklnuknes wbel wrjttel `iwl, tbey kre kcaist j`eltjokc wbel spimel (www.hjgrist.jt/Cjlnue/_klsorjti.btac#; www.hjgrist.jt/Cjlnue/_klsorjti.btac#;)). _i auob si tbkt siae hecjeve` tbkt tbe twi cklnuknes aky bkve heel oilguse` jl k pbrkse spimel hy Desus ig Lkzkretb il tbe oriss. –Ecij, Ecij, ckak skhkobtbklj9‑ skhkobtbkl j9‑ wbjob aekls –Ni` Ni` wby bkve yiu girskmel ae9‑ jl Krkakjo, wks kotukccy4 –Ecj, Ecj, ckak zkhkmtklj‑ wbjob jl _klsmrjt aekls –Cir`, Cir`, tkme ae jl yiur cjnbt‑. Pbe  Uljversjty ig Hiahky (tbe ojty js liw okcce` Auahkj) kre trklscktjln 20.666 pknes ig soricc wrjttel jl tbe Vkcj cklnukne, wbjob seea ti `esorjhe Desus‚s tjae kt tbe We`jo sobiic jl Ck`bkm, wbere be cjve` hetweel tbe knes ig ;8 kl` ?6, jl ajlute `etkjc. bttp4//www.akroivkstk.let/cjhrerjk bttp4//www.akroiv kstk.let/cjhrerjk/Ck`kmb/Ck`k /Ck`kmb/Ck`kmbCjhrerjkL mbCjhrerjkLews.ksp9j`1 ews.ksp9j`1;5?? ;5?? Pbe klswer js tberegire prihkhcy tbe aist ihvjius ile4 tbkt Desus ig Lkzkretb wks lit tbe Obrjst ir Mrjsblk, wbi oertkjlcy `j` lit cekve bjs biaetiwl biaetiwl ti stu`y wjtb tbe t be _ugj trjhes. bttp4//www.gkjlitjzjk.jt/866>/60/8> bttp4//www.gkjlitjz jk.jt/866>/60/8>/mrjsblk-jlgcussj/mrjsblk-jlgcussj-succe-irjnjlj succe-irjnjlj-`ec-orjstjkle -`ec-orjstjklesjai sjai Mrjsblk lever cegt Jl`jk kl` js prihkhcy kl klte`jcuvjkl obkrkoter wbi, kooir`jln ti cenel`, pksse` tbriunb tbe Gcii` ti rekob tbe Jl`us vkccey ojvjcjzktjil gjrst kl` tbel aive` il ti Aesipitkajk, Enypt kl` tbe Dewjsb wirc`. Kl` wbel tbe Essele cenel` khiut tbjs akl wks tkmel gria tbe Dews, tbey aust bkve bk` ti kcter tbe hiims ti akme jt ore`jhce kl` picjtjokccy useguc

gir tbejr picjtjokc purpises. Jl ir`er ti erkse kcc `iuht khiut iur oilocusjils, bere kre siae kspeots ig Mrjsblk's cjge tbkt oiuc` he kl exkot pbitioipy ig tbe cjge ig Desus ig Lkzkretb. • Mrjsblk wks hirl ig tbe Wjrnjl @evkmj (–@jvjle‑) il 85 tb @eoeaher= • Bjs ekrtbcy gktber wks k okrpelter, wbi wks iut ig tiwl pkyjln bjs tkxes wbel Mrjsblk wks hirl= • Bjs hjrtb wks akrme` akrme ` hy k stkr jl tbe ekst kl` klnecs kl` sbepber`s were preselt, kt wbjob tjae be wks ak`e k njgt ig spjoes= • Bekvelcy oriw`s `kloe` kl` skln kt bjs hjrtb= • Be wks perseoute` hy k tyrklt wbi ir`ere` tbe sckunbter ig tbiuskl`s ig jlgklts= • Mrjsblk wks klijlte` klijlte` il tbe bek` wjtb ijc hy k wiakl wbia be bekce`= • Be js pjoture` wjtb bjs giit il tbe bek` ig k slkme= • Be pergirae` ajrkoces kl` wil`ers, rkjsjln tbe `ek` kl` bekcjln cepers kl` tbe `ekg kl` hcjl`= • Mrjsblk use` pkrkhces ti tekob tbe peipce khiut obkrjty kl` cive, kl` be –cjve` piircy kl` be cive` tbe piir‑= • Be okstjnkte` tbe ocerny, koousjln tbea ig –kahjtjil kl` bypiorjsy ... Prk`jtjil skys be gecc vjotja ti tbejr velnekloe‑= velnekloe‑= • Mrjsblk‚s –hecive` `jsojpce‑ wks Krdulk ir Kr -diukl -diukl (Dibl)= • Be wks wks trklsgjnure` jl grilt ig bjs `jsojpces= • Be nkve bjs `jsojpces tbe khjcjty ti pergira ajrkoces= • Bjs pktb wks –strewl wjtb hrklobes‑= • Jl siae trk`jtjils be `je` il k tree ir wks oruojgje` hetweel twi tbjeves= • Mrjsblk wks mjcce` kriul` tbe kne ig ?6 ? 6 kl` tbe sul `krmele` kt bjs `ektb= • Be krise gria tbe `ek` kl` ksoel`e` ti bekvel –hegire tbe eyes ig kcc ael‑= • Be wks `epjote` il k oriss wjtb lkjc-bices lkjc -bices il bjs geet kl` wjtb k bekrt eahcea il bjs ocitbes= • Mrjsblk js tbe –cjil ig tbe _kmj trjhe‑= • Be wks okcce` –Ni`‚s _bepber`‑ kl` oilsj`ere` tbe –Xe`eeaer‑, tbe –Gjrst Hirl‑, tbe –_jl Hekrer‑, –Cjherktir‑ kl` –Pbe Uljverskc ^ir`‑= • Be wks oilsj`ere` tbe –_il ig Ni`‑ kl` –iur Cir` kl` _kvjir‑ wbi okae ti Ekrtb ti `je gir tbe skcvktjil ig akl= • Be wks tbe seoil` persil jl tbe Prjljty= • Jt‚s skj` tbkt bjs `jsojpces kttrjhute` ti bja tbe tjtce ig –Dezeus‑, ir –Deseus‑, aekljln –pure esseloe‑= • Mrjsblk wjcc returl ti du`ne tbe `ek`, rj`jln il k wbjte birse, kl` be wjcc cek` tbe gjnbt knkjlst tbe –Vrjloe ig Evjc‑, wbi wjcc `esickte tbe Ekrtb. Pbe stiry ig Mrjsblk, ks reoir`e` jl tbe klojelt Jl`jkl cenel`s kl` texts, sprek` ti tbe ^est il severkc iooksjils. Ile tbeiry stktes tbkt wirsbjp ig Mrjsblk rekobe` Euripe jl klojelt tjaes, jl 266 H.O., prihkhcy hriunbt hy tbe Vbieljojkls. Pbe trk`jtjils ig tbe Dewjsb peipce, tberegire, kre tbe trk`jtjils ig We`jo oucture kl` tbe Behrew cklnukne js pbiletjokccy sjajckr ti _klsmrjt. _i jt henjls ti ciim prihkhce tbkt tbe Behrew ig ti`ky ajnbt he tbe cklnukne ig K`ka Mk`ail. Njuseppe Oisoi (bttp4//oisoi-njuseppe.trjpi`.oia/esiterjsai/sorjtturk.bta ) write ks gicciws4 –Jl tbe henjlljln, hegire tbe oilgusjil ig Hkhec, tbere wks k sjlnce cklnukne tbkt wks bkl`e` `iwl gria tbe wjs`ia ig K`ka ti Likb.‑ Nersbia _obicea wrjtes4 –Pbe nelerktjil tbkt ereote` tbe Piwer ig Hkhec khuse`, jl k aknjo selse, tbjs bicy cklnukne ti jajtkte ... tbe orektjve kotjil ig Ni` ... tbe bicy cklnukne wks tbel ajxe` wjtb  prigkle eceaelts...‑  eceaelts...‑  (N.  (N. _obicea , Jc liae `j @ji e ck teirjk mkhhkcjstjok `ec cjlnuknnji , Ajckl ;::2). Pbjs `jvjle cklnukne nkve akl tbe khjcjty ti spekm ti tbe spjrjt wirc` kl` jt bk` – k `jreot kl` jaae`jkte cjlm wjtb tbe esseloe ig tbjlns be wklte` ti e xpress‑ . Jt wks tbe spimel kl` wrjttel cklnukne ig Ni`. Pbjs wrjtjln wks okcce` –bekvelcy‑ hy tbe Dews heokuse, ks Oirlecjus Knrjppk wrjtes, jt –js iutcjle` jl tbe oilsteccktjils‑  (Knrjppk ig Lettesbeja, Lettesbeja , @e ioouctk pbjcisipbjk, pbjcisipbjk , ;5;6). Jt wks tbe irjnjl ig kcc cklnuknes kl` sorjptures, jlocu`jln tbe Behrew kcpbkhet kl` tbe Enyptjkl bjerincypbs. Pbjs jlspjre` Mjrober ti sky tbkt –tbe kcpbkhets ig kcc cklnuknes hekr tbe trkoes ig tbe klojelt cetters‑   cetters‑   (K. Mjrober, Purrjs Hkhec , Kaster`ka, ;7>:). Pbere js k very japirtklt Bjspkli-Krkhjo oicceotjil, wrjttel jl Cktjl, wbjob henkl ti sprek` jl tbe ckte RJJJ oeltury kl` jlocu`es oiloepts ig kstriciny, aknjo speccs kl` kcobeajokc texts= jt js mliwl ks tbe Vjoktrjx. Kailn itber tbjlns, t be Vjoktrjx `esorjhes prioe`ures gir trkomjln sekcs kl` tbejr recktjilsbjp wjtb tbe pcklets4 –put tbea jl k pisjtjil ti pri`uoe eggeots

oirrespil`jln ti tbejr peoucjkr lkture‑  kl` gir tbjs reksil –tbe – tbe `esjnls ig tbe persil wbi prepkres tbe tkcjsakls kre ak`e wbel tbe pcklets kre khive bja, jl ir`er ti kobjeve oertkjl eggeots, kl` ti net wbkt be wklts tbriunb tbe okreguc oiahjlktjil ig oertkjl seoret tbjlns mliwl ti bja‑  ( bja‑  (Vjoktrjx, Vjoktrjx, Cil`il, ;:78). Everytbjln js hkse` il luaher-wir`-siul` kl` tbriunb wrjtjln tbe giroe okl he ihdeotjvjze`. ihdeotjvjze`. Gir tbjs reksil, reksil, –tbe wbice ig rekcjty js hkse` il t bese irjnjlkc oiahjlktjils oiahjlktjils tbkt Ni` use` ti nelerkte tbe aiveaelt ig cklnukne. Pbe kcpbkhet js hitb tbe irjnjl ig cklnukne kl` tbe irjnjl ig hejln‑ (N. _obicea, ojt.). Mreaaerz wrjtes4 –Jt –Jt js lit eksy ti gira kl kpprixjakte j`ek ig Aknjo, tbe mliwce`ne ig ioouct ckws wbjob niverl tbe selsjtjve pbeliaeliciny, wjtbiut  peletrktjln tbe jltjakte cinjo ig tbe nrkpbjo akljgestktjils ig giroes. Pbe rek`er aust ... reksseahce tbe okuses ig tbe nrkpbjo sjnls, wbjob struoture js kl j`eicinjokc `eterajlktjil ig spkoe kl` tjae‑  (Ducjkl   (Ducjkl Mreaaerz, Mreaaerz, Pbe _ojeloe ig tbe Aknj , Xiae, ;:>0).Pbe sekc js k hil` ig suhtce elerny evime` hy very speojkc sjnls tbkt set wjccpiwer `urjln speojgjo rjtukcs ‑.

Oilocusjils Pberegire, jl iur klkcysjs ig tbe pbeliaelil ig kcjel kh`uotjils we bkve `jsoivere` k luaher ig tbjlns4 ;. 8. ?. 0.

Pbe Ni`s `i lit exjst, tbey kre iur akljpucktirs. Pbere kre lejtber nii` nii` lir evjc kcjels, kcjels, dust kcjels. kcjels. Everytbjln js kcrek`y kcrek`y wrjttel jl aytb, lit jl bjstiry. Koqujrjln oilsojiusless oilsojiusless aekls aekls ul`erstkl`jln ul`erstkl`jln tbkt akl js tbe guture ig uljverskc uljverskc evicutjil. evicutjil.

 Kl` si we aust sky tbkt bkvjln rj` iursecves ig kcjels, we aust kcsi kvij` oiltkot wjtb tbe Vrjae Akl, wbi stkrte` tbjs wbice gkroe. ^e okl `i siaetbjln, we ilcy lee` tbe wjcc piwer. Xegereloes kl` Lites  Kl jlterestjln text text il tbe Cklnukne Cklnukne ig Ni` 

bttp4//oisoi-njuseppe.trjpi`.oia/esiterjsai/sorjtturk.bta

Pi qujomcy sekrob tbe Behrew _orjptures ;. bttp4//www.recjnjilgkots.oia/du`kjsa/texts.bta 8. bttp4//www.skore`-texts.oia/du`/jl`ex.bta ?. bttp4//cjck.sls.jt/alkail/jl`ex.pbp9pkne1Xjsirse&j`12 0. bttp4//spkzjijlwjl`.cjheri.jt/pipicjYkltjobj/Xecjnjilj/testj-ehrkjsai.btac

Pi qujomcy sekrob tbe Enyptjkl sorjptures ;. bttp4//www.enypt.spcjl`er.oia/tkn/testj+skorj 8. bttp4//www.cjheroinjtktji.irn/stirjk/j-nerincjgjoj-enjzjklj.bta c ?. bttp4//spkzjijlwjl`.cjheri.jt/pipicjYkltjobj/Enjzjklj/recjnjile.btac Pi qujomcy sekrob tbe t be Hkhyciljkl sorjptures ;. bttp4//www.rjgcessjilj.jt/`jzjilkrjiYrecjnjilj/recjnjile-hkhjcilese.bta 8. bttp4//kpiokcjsseckjok.let/vkrje/ajtj-ajsterj-e-piterj-ioouctj/eluak-ecjsb-jc-ajti-hkhjcilese-`ecckorekzjile ?. bttp4//www.terrkckh.jt/zeEsiter.bta