September 22, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
GeD106 GeD106 Purposive Communicat Communication ion Lesson 1 Communication Communication Principes and Ethics
Learning Outcomes 1. Desc Describe ribe the the nature, nature, elem elements ents and function functionss of verbal and nonnonin various multicultural contexts. 2. verbal Explaincommunication how cultural cultural and global and global issues issue s affect affect comm communicati unication, on, and why ethical communication is essential. 3. Appre Appreciate ciate the impact impact of commu communicatio nication n on societ society y and the world.
“Communication works for those who work at it.” —John Powell
01
02
03
Processes & Principles of Effective
Communication and Globalization
Ethics in Communication
Communication
01 Processes Pr ocesses & Principles of Effective Communication
Effective communication is a key interpersonal skill and by learning how you can improve your communication has many benefits. Communication is beyond simply putting words into thoughts and emotions. It is done effectively only when information is transmitted without changing both the content and the context of the message. Simply put, communication is the art of creating and sharing ideas for a specific purpose.
Which of the following is not a form of communication? A. No Non-v n-ver erba ball B. Mo Mobi bile le ph phon onee C. Vis isua uall D. Wri ritt tten en
Verbal Language Sounds Tone of Voice
Non-Verbal Body Language Facial Expressions Deportment
Written Journal Email
Blog Text Messages
Visual Signs Symbols Pictures Graphics Emojis
Effective communication communication is dependent on: ❏ how rich those ideas are; and ❏ how much of those ideas are retained in the cyclical process. Which skill one chooses greatly varies and is dictated by the: ❖ Situation ❖
actual information a person needs or wants to convey; and ❖ Content Intendedor recipient of that information
DID YOU KNOW? KNOW? Almost 91% of profe professionals ssionals fro from m the world’ world’ss top 300 multinational companies said that communicating in English
is important for work success, but only 7% of them indicate that their current level of English is sufficient for their jobs. This is based on “The Globalization of English” research study conducted by the McKinsey Global Institute.
Communication Skills 1. Au Audi dien ence ce Ana Analy lysi siss ❏ Knowing the audience ❏ Understandin Understanding g their level ❏ How they need to receive the
information
Communication Skills 02. Identifying & Overcoming Communication Barriers 1. Physical n no oise 2. Ph Phys ysio iolo logi gica call n noi oise se 3. Cu Cult ltur ural al di difffere ferenc ncee 4. Vary arying ing llev evels els o off exp expec ectat tation ionss and experiences 5. Di Diff ffer erenc encee in per perspe specti ctive vess aand nd 6. Co Comm mmun unic icat atio ion n sty style less
Principles of Effective Communication
Clarity - pertains to both the message and the purpose why the message has to be sent. Conciseness - the message should be as brief as may be required dep depending ending on one’s purpose.
Completeness - the message should be complete and accurate.
Organization - Effective communication is
usually planned in order to ensure the systematic flow of ideas and transition from one point to another. . Empathy - The sender of the message should be sensitive to the needs and interests interests of the receiver. Flexibility - Effective communicators know how to adapt to the varying needs and expectations of their audience, and modify the message or the way the message is sent to avoid misunderstanding or misinterpretation. misinterpretation.
This is an exercise! Remove unnecessary word or words/phrase in the ffg. sentences: 1) Many un uneduca educated ted ci citize tizens, ns, who ha have ve neve neverr atte attended nded sc school, hool, ccontinue ontinue to vote ffor or better schools. 2) The ffirew ireworks orks of tthe he 2020 Ol Olympi ympics cs we were re am amazing azingly ly spec spectacul tacular ar.. 3) Encl Enclosed osed her herewi ewith th is the lis listt of part participa icipants nts for th thee New York 2020 Ma Maratho rathon. n. 4) The rrobber obbers’ s’ geta getaway way ve vehicle hicle is surr surrounded ounded on aall ll side sidess by polic policeme emen. n. 5) The ATM m machin achinee insi inside de the mall is not w workin orking. g.
This is an exercise!
Remove unnecessary word or words in the ffg. sentences:
6) We tried to assemble the toy train but we have too many component par parts. ts. 7) The bucket slowly m made ade its downward de descent scent into the wall. 8) The author conducted 200 inter interviews views to write a biography of the life of tthe he reclusive poet. 9) It is absolutely crucial for an athlete to tr train ain regularly if she wants to be an olympian. 10) The healthcare workers requested temporary reprieve from their hectic schedule.
02 Communication and Globalization
Motive Question The world shrunk into a global village, buthas have we become more of ‘neighbors’ or more of strangers to each other?
The notion of the world being a global village has been a hot topic ever since the idea was brought up, especially in light of the rapid advances in technology and digitization. Globalization has been regarded as the key to the worldwide integration of humanity humanity,, where there is an increased economic, political and cultural integration and interdependence of diverse cultures. In Southeast Asia, for example, the ASEAN Integration has been a buzzword among social communities, opening a wide array of discussion for future collaborations.
For our part, we Filipinos have increased our awareness and acceptance of the notion that we belong to a diverse, global community. This is not confined to communication with people from other countries, but is inclusive of communication within our own societies, even with the minorities and the indigenous peoples. It is therefore imper imperative ative that WE learn to communicate effectively with people regardless of age, gender, race, ability, religion, sexual orientation, income, marital status, or ethnicity ethnicity..
Communication in the modern world must be anchored on the concept of diversity, since effective communication and the ability to understand cultural differences are skills that have become requisites not only for a meaningful social life but also for a successful professional career.
Even professionals from the countries that are traditionally known for sticking to their native Vietnam) have tongue started to(e.g. learn Japan, English,Korea, as the internationally-recognized lingua franca, with the concept that learning English does not make them less Japanese, Koreans, or Viets.
In addition, digital technology has erased territorial boundaries among countries and among people with varying cultures. The notion of being a ‘stranger’ ‘stranger’ has been revolutionized as the people whom we used to treat as strangers are now our co-workers, classmates or friends – albeit some only in social media.
Hence, there is a need to develop graduates and professionals who are multiculturalists multiculturalists – those who are engaged with and respectful of people with different cultures. These are not necessarily people from other countries all the time, since a country may have varying sub-cultures among its general society. In the Philippines, for example, there is no argument that people from Southern Tagalog have a different culture from the Bicolanos, and those from Zamboanga have different norms and beliefs from the Ilocanos.
Formative Assessment Are you ready to communicate in a global and multicultural environment? Assess write your readiness to communicate effectively with people having different cultures. Simply True or False after each statement. 1.
I enjoy commu communica nicating ting with with persons persons who who are like like me in terms terms of interests interests and and with the same same
socio-economic asthe much aserns I enjoy who are not I am equally equally sensitive senstatus, sitive to concerns conc of allcommunicating groups of society societhose ty,, and I genuinely genuin ely‘like’ care care me. to the plight and issues iss ues surrounding them. 3. I can tell when when persons persons with with different different cultures do not understand understand me or are confused confused by my actions. 4. I am not afraid afraid of interac interacting ting with with members members of of minority minority groups groups nor nor with members members of of a dominant culture. 5. Persons from other other cultures cultures who do not actively actively participate participate in a conversation, conversation, debate or any any form of discussion act that way probably because of their culture’s rules. 2.
Formative Assessment Are you ready to communicate in a global and multicultural environment? Assess write your readiness to communicate effectively with people having different cultures. Simply True or False after each statement. 6. Persons from other cultures have the right to be angry at members of my own culture. 7. How I handle conflict or disagreements with persons from other cultures depends on the situation and on the culture they are from. 8.
My culture is not superior with other cultures.
9. I am am knowledgeable of how to behave when when communicating or interacting with people having different cultures. 10. I respect the communication rules of cultures other than my own.
In the past, Gerber dealt with issues in some cultures where women have low literacy rates such as Africa and the Middle East. The women in these cultures generally use pictures to tell them what food they are buying. When Gerber started selling their product in these countries countries,, the women saw the picture of the baby and believed that there was a baby or part of one baby baby in the jar jar..
Irish Mist is a brown whiskey produced in Dublin, Ireland. In Germany, translates tohowever, “crap”. “Mist” literally
(read d as “Y “Yoni”) oni”) is a brand Joni (rea of skin ‘uterus’ product. or However, means ‘vagina’Yoni in Sanskrit, and is an Indian representation of female genitalia, especially pertaining to the Hindu goddess Shakti. Shakti.
Undoubtedly, globalization has affected the way people and companies communicate with each other. In some cases, cultural differences have differences have accentuated cultural insensitivity, which is most felt in the business world. Since everyone is a consumer of particular business products, it is important to know the issues, etiquette, protocol, communication styles and negotiation approaches of people from different cultures using the business experience as example. In the next slides are some instances when lack of cultural or linguistic sensitivity in global communication severely affected companies or products.
McDonald’s spent thousands on a new TV ad to target the Chinese consumers. This featured a Chinese man kneeling before a McDonald’ss vendor and beggin McDonald’ begging g him to accept his expired discount coupon. The ad caused uproar over the fact that begging is considered a shameful act in Chinese culture.
Similarly, McDonald’ Similarly, McDonald’ss also unintentionally offended thousands of Muslims when it printed an excerpt from the Koran on its throwaway (take-out) hamburger bags. Muslims saw this as sacrilegious. Some staff at the African port of Stevadores saw the supposedly internationally-recognized symbol for “fragile” (i.e. broken wine glass). Since in their culture, they treat the pictures printed on packages to be representation o off what’s inside, they thought it was a box of broken glasses and threw all the boxes into the sea.
The film “Hollywood Buddha” caused outrage and protest on the streets of Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Myanmar (Burma) when the theactor film’s poster decided to designer show the of lead sitting on the Buddha’s head, which is an act of clear degradation against something holy.
Coors (beer) once had its slogan “Turn it loose.” translated to Spanish, but it became to mean “Suffer from diarrhea.”
All of these examples are predominantly business-related, where companies failed to regard cultural differences in packaging and communicating their product to the global market. However, the cost of cultural insensitivity in global communication can be felt in everyday communication, as cultural misunderstandings often lead to misinterpretation and unnecessary tension tension between people. Here are some examples demonstrating this in a global setting:
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Showing the sole of a shoe (by crossing one’s legs and pointing one’s shoes to the speaker, for example) means nothing to observers in most Western and Asian countries. In Muslim cultures (such as Saudi Arabia), however, the gesture is perceived as insulting. Similarly, crossing one’s legs while seated is customary for Westerners, but this is a social faux pas in Korea. Blinking rapidly while another person is talking is normal for most people, especially during tense situations. For Taiwanese, this is considered impolite. The Japanese view the business card as an extension of their body, while Americans view it simply as a business formality. Hence, when Japanese hand over their business cards with two hands and with great care, they get insulted when the person receiving just put it away with haste.
These are just some of the instances when miscommunication and misunderstanding can happen as a result of cultural ignorance and insensitivity in the global environment. In order to develop more meaningful relationships and establish productive interaction with people having different cultures, cultures, everyone should have recognize respond differences and same nuances . In addition, people to be and mindful that to notsuch everyone from the culture exhibits the same characteristics and habits in communication, so sensitivity is key to any successful communicative situation. In communicating in a highly global environment, the challenge that faces everyone is to learn to understand, accept, and address cultural – and communication – differences.
03 03 Ethics in Communication
Effective communication is ethical communicati communication. on. Communica Communication tion is ethical only when it is genuine genuine,, open open,, cooperative cooperative and sensitive sensitive to one’s cultural and social beliefs and practices. If there is an intent to conceal the truth, or bring damage to any organization, group or individual person, communication is considered unethical. Even in situations when there is no intent to harm, but damage to a certain group is inevitable because of the message or the channel used to relay the message, it is still considered unethical.
SIMPLE
ACTIVITY.
Reflective
Analysis
Analyze the following print advertisements and determine if these are ethical or not. Consider the following guide questions in your analysis. 1. What is the message of the ad? 2. How is the message underscored? What semiotics are used (text? images? others?) 3. Is there any individual or group that may be offended by the ad? 4. Is there another way of presenting or or deliverin delivering g the message? 5. Do you think the ad is ethical?
Reflective Analysis. Analysis. Briefly explain your assessment of the ad, with focus on the five questions. Pls. be ready to discuss your analysis in class.
Analysis. Briefly explain your Reflective Analysis. assessment of the ad, with focus on the five questions. Pls. be ready to discuss your analysis in class.
Performance Perfor mance Task Assignment #1 Do you know other print or television advertisements that are non-ethical because they are discriminatory,, discriminatory stereotypical, and/or sexist? Instructions on how and when to submit this assignment shall be provided in a separate post.
THANKS! Do you have any questions?
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