GCSE SPANISH Improve Your Writing

GCSE Spanish Improve your Writing & Speaking skills OPINIONS in my opinion in my opinion I think that I think that It seems to me that I would say that personally I prefer

en mi opinión a mi juicio creo que pienso que me parece que yo diría que personalmente prefiero

porque es porque son

porque era porque eran -

because it was because they were

porque será porque serán -

because it will be because they will be

LIKES me gusta(n) me gusta(n) mucho me encanta(n) me chifla(n)

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I like it (them) I really like it (them) I love it (them) I love it (them)

GIVING REASONS because it is because they are

no me gusta(n) no me gusta(n) nada no aguanto no soporto odio detesto

DISLIKES I like it (them) I don’t like it (them) at all I can’t stand I can’t stand I hate I hate

CONNECTIVES to join two short sentences together y and pero but también also / as well / too porque because que which / that / who cuando when donde where

CONNECTIVES to link sentences within a paragraph luego next / then más tarde later después afterwards entonces then / therefore por eso therefore por esta razón for this reason sin embargo however donde where

QUANTIFIERS / INTENSIFIERS un poco a little bastante quite muy very demasiado too mucho(s) + noun lots of + noun

ADJECTIVES TO IMPRESS guay boss / cool genial brilliant impresionante impressive fenomenal great increíble unbelievable

rápidamente lentamente fácilmente con cuidado

ADVERBS quickly slowly easily carefully

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY & TIME generalmente generally normalmente normally

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY & TIME a menudo often siempre always nunca never a veces sometimes de vez en cuando from time to time una vez once dos veces por semanatwice a week todos los días every day

¡

COMPARISONS es más + adjective + que = is ............er than Torres es más rápido que Gerrard Beyonce es más guapa que Shakira

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Torres is faster than Gerrard Beyonce is prettier than Shakira

es tan + adjective + como = is as + adjective as Torres es tan rápido como Gerrard Beyonce es tan guapa como Shakira

Torres es el más rápido Beyonce es la más guapa

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Torres is as fast as Gerrard Beyonce is as pretty as Shakira

SUPERLATIVES Torres is the fastest Beyonce is the prettiest

you can also add –ísimo(a) to the end of most adjectives: grande + –ísimo(a) grandísimo pequeño(a) + –ísimo(a) pequeñísimo(a) interesante + –ísimo(a) interesantísimo(a)

de mi familia - in my family de la clase - in the class del instituto – in the school del mundo – in the world

= = =

very big very small very interesting

EXCLAMATIONS ¡Qué! + adj OR / ¡Qué! + noun = How + adj! OR What a + noun! ¡Qué bueno(a)! How good! ¡Qué feo(a)! ¡Qué interesante! How interesting! ¡Qué aburrido(a)! ¡Qué vergüenza! How embarrassing! ¡Qué guay! ¡Qué ridículo! How ridiculous! ¡Qué lástima! -

antes de + INFINITIVE e.g. antes de salir

How ugly! How boring! How cool! What a pity!

HIGHER LEVEL STRUCTURES before + -ing before going out

después de + INFINITIVE e.g. después de comer

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after + -ing after eating

después de haber + past participle e.g. después de haber jugado al fútbol

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after having + past participle after having played football

al + INFINITIVE e.g. al salir del cuarto

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on + -ing on leaving the room

acabar de + INFINITIVE e.g. acabo de terminar los deberes

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To have just + past participle I have just finished my homework

volver a + INFINITIVE e.g. volví a hacer la cama

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To do something again I made the bed again

deber/querer/poder + INFINITIVE e.g. debo hacer los deberes e.g. quiero escuchar música e.g. puedo ir al cine

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to must / to want to / to be able to do something I must do my homework I want to listen to music I can go to the cinema

lo + adjective + es que e.g. lo interesante es que e.g. lo bueno es que

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the + adjective + thing is that the interesting thing is that the good thing is that

e.g. lo más + adjective + es que e.g. lo más interesante es que e.g. lo más importante es que

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the most + adjective + thing is that the most interesting thing is that the most important thing is that

EXPRESSIONS WITH TENER Tener calor Tener sed Tener celos Tener éxito Tener razón

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To be hot To be thirsty To be jealous To be successful To be right

Tener frío Tener suerte Tener hambre Tener miedo de

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To be cold To be lucky To be hungry To be frightened of

Tener ganas de + INFINITIVE e.g. Tengo ganas de ir al bolero

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To feel like doing something I feel like going to the bowling alley

Tener que + INFINITIVE e.g. Tengo que sacar la basura

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To have to do something I have to take out the rubbish

Tener que ver con.... e.g. tiene que ver con el transporte público -

PRESENT TENSE INDICATORS Ahora - Now Ahora mismo - Right now Hoy - Today Esta mañana - This morning Esta tarde - This afternoon / - This evening Esta noche - Tonight

To have to do with..... It has to do with public transport

PAST TENSE INDICATORS Ayer -yesterday Anteayer - the day before yesterday Hace dos días–Two days ago Hace dos años-Two years ago El año pasado – last year La semana pasada– last week

FUTURE TENSE INDICATORS Mañana -Tomorrow Mañana por la mañana - tomorrow morning Mañana por la tarde - tomorrow afternoon - tomorrow evening Mañana por la noche - tomorrow night

COMMON VERBS INFINTIVE

PRESENT

PAST

FUTURE

Ir - To go Hacer - To do/make Estar - To be Ser - To be Tener - To have Comer - To eat Cenar -To dine Tomar - To have Escuchar-To listen to Jugar al- To play Hablar -To speak Comprar-To buy Cantar - To sing Trabajar-To work Llegar - To arrive Bailar - To dance Cocinar- To cook Leer - To read Ver - To see/watch Poner - To put Escribir -To write Vivir - To live Salir - To go out

Voy - I go /am going Hago - I do/ make Estoy - I am Soy - I am Tengo - I have Como - I eat Ceno - I dine Tomo - I have Escucho-I listen to Juego al- I play Hablo - I speak Compro- I buy Canto - I sing Trabajo - I work Llego - I arrive Bailo - I dance Cocino - I cook Leo - I read Veo - I see/watch Pongo - I put Escribo - I write Vivo - I live Salgo - I go out

Fui - I went Hice - I did / made Estuve - I was Fui - I was Tuve - I had Comí - I ate Cené - I dined Tomé - I had Escuché-I listened to Jugué al-I played Hablé - I spoke Compré -I bought Canté - I sang Trabajé - I worked Llegué - I arrived Bailé - I danced Cociné - I cooked Leí - I read Ví - I saw/watched Puse - I put Escribí - I wrote Viví - I lived Salí - I went out

Iré - I will go Haré - I will do/make Estaré - I will be Seré - I will be Tendré - I will have Comeré- I will eat Cenaré - I will dine Tomaré - I will have Escucharé-I will listen to Jugaré al-I will play Hablaré - I will speak Compraré-I will buy Cantaré -I will sing Trabajaré-I will work Llegaré - I will arrive Bailaré - I will dance Cocinaré-I will cook Leeré - I will read Veré - I will see/watch Pondré - I will put Escribiré-I will write Viviré - I will live Saldré - I will go out

NEGATIVES To make a negative sentence in Spanish, simply put ‘no’ in front of the verb e.g. voy a España – I go no voy a España – I do not go/I am not going to Spain tengo un perro– I have a dog no tengo un perro – I do not have a dog no................nadie no...............nunca

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OTHER NEGATIVES nobody............ no..............nada never............... ni...............ni.......

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nothing........... not........or......