Ganaderos y Comerciantes en Sincelejo, 1880-1920

 

TLT]CI? JF@FDMXIU \ EIKMXELF@TMU M@ UL@EMCMOI, 6>>2-6=2 fqumccf pihcfelõ` aum mcmvfdf f cf eftmjirëf eftmj irëf dm ef`tõ`, sltufelõ` qum u`ldf f cf picëef dm clhmrfclzfelõ` dm cis eucvis y eikmreli dmc tfhfei m` cf zi`f dm Mc Efrkm`, cm lkprlklmri` u`f dl`æklef dmkijræef y kmref`c f Ul`emcmoi. Mstf ÿckf eludfd ermelõ eiki eruem dm efkl`is, pir di`dm pfsfhf` y pmr`ietfhf` cis eikmrelf`tms qum sm dlrljëf` f cfs amrlfs dm Uf` Hm`lti Fhfd y Kfjf`juì, y m` di`dm sm mstfhcmelõ u` `ÿkmri ei`sldmrfhcm dm afklclfs priemdm`tms dm Efrtfjm`f y su privl`elf, fsë eiki dmc mxtmrlir RFJ 6

QFXLFHCM? TM@DM@ELF M` cfs dis ÿckfs dìefdfs dmc sljci ^L^ sm nlzi eikÿ` m` Ul`emcmoi, Ufkpuìs, Enl`ÿ i Ul`eì cf ei`stuelõ` dm efsfs dm eikmreli, fcrmdmdir dm cfs eufcms jlrõ cf dl`æklef mei`õklef dm mstfs pihcfeli`ms y dm cis jrf`dms eikmrelf`tms dm cfs Ufhf`fs. Rrmelsfkm`tm mc mstudli dm mstis mkpr mk prms msfr frli liss sf sfhf hf`m `mri ris, s, fsë fsë eiki eiki dm cfs cfs dl dlam amrm` rm`tms tms fe fev vld ldfd fdms ms pr prid idue uev vfs fs m` cfs cfs qu qum m l`eu l`eurs rsli li`f `fri ri` ` m` m`trm trm cfs cfs dìef dìefdf dfss dm 6>>2 6>>2 y 6,, cf eu eufc fc sm tr trip ipmz mzõ õ ei ei` ` cf aìrr aìrrmf mf rm rmsl slst stm` m`el elf f dm ci ciss ei`trfhf`dlstfs y priduetirms lcmjfcms dm cleir RFJ =

QFXLFHCM? IXLJM@, DMKIJXFALF Al`fckm`tm, Ul`emcmoi aum au`dfdf i rmau`dfdf pir F`ti`li Dm cf Tirrm y Klrf`df mc 86 dm `ivlmk `iv lmkhrm hrm dm 6::=. 6::=. Fc kikm`ti kikm`ti dm su au`dfe au`dfelõ` lõ`,, cf pihcfe pihcfelõ` lõ` dm Ul`emc Ul`emcmoi moi sukõ sukõ 8.>== 8.>== nfhltf`tms, fu`qum m` mc pfdrõ` jm`mrfc cmvf`tfdi m` 6::> fpfrmem ei` 6.5>4 nfhltf`tms. RFJ 1

QFXLFHCM? E]CT]XF, XMCLJLI@ Cf `umvf pihcfelõ` aum hfuzfdf eiki Uf` Oisì dm Eirizfc, ei`vmrdf dmsdm msm m`ti`ems m` em`tri dm ipmrfeli`ms dm cf mxpmdlelõ` dmc –ei`jrmjfdir dm pumhcis‛ F`ti`li dm cf Tirrm y Klrf`df. Fc kikm`ti dm su au`dfelõ` aumri` ei`tfhlclzfdis 5.2== nfhltf`tms y m` 6::> su pihcfelõ` nfhëf dlskl`uldi f 8.>85 pmrsi`fs, pmri sm kf`tm`ëf eiki cf pfrriqulf ei` kfyir `ÿkmri dm nfhltf`tms m` cf zi`f dm cfs Ufhf`fs

QFXLFHCM? JMIJXFALEF

 

 Eirizfc qumdõ uhlefdf m` mc pripli em`tri dm ci qum m` mc pmrëidi eici`lfc sm ei`ielõ eiki cfs sfhf`fs dm Ticÿ (cumji dm`ikl`fdf sfhf`fs dm Eirizfc), dlstf`tm f =2 glcõkmtris dmc pumrti dm Ticÿ, m` mc jicai dm Kirrisqulcci, f >< glcõkmtris dm Kfjf`jum (pumrti sihrm mc rëi Kfjdfcm`f), f 12 glcõkmtris dm Uf` Hm`lti Fhfd (pumrti sihrm cf elì`fjf dm Tfefsuæ`, qum eiku`lef ei` mc rëi Uf` Oirjm), f 12 glcõkmtris dm Mc Efrkm` (cumji ei`vmrdf m` mplem`tri tfhfefcmri dmc Efrlhm eicikhlf`i), y f 65 glcõkmtris dm Ul`emcmoi, cf auturf efpltfc dmc dmpfrtfkm`ti dm Uuerm RFJ :

QFXLFHCM? MKRXMUFXLIU, IXLJM@  M`trm cis –vlenm`jumris‛ m`ei`trfdis pir dm cf Tirrm y Klrf`df m` Ul`emcmoi mstfhf` Xiqum y Hcfs Tækfrf, irljl`frlis dm Hurjis (Mspföf), fdmkæs dm itrfs afklclfs dm irljm` mspföic. Cf afklclf Tækfrf pfrelpõ fevfkm`tm m` mc dmsfrricci mei`õklei dm Ul`emcmoi dmsdm mc klski kikm`ti dm su au`dfelõ`? Hcfs Tækfrf, mc nloi dmc mspföic Xiqum Tækfrf, dmeldlõ fdqulrlr u`f efsf m` cf pcfzf dm cf ljcmslf dm Ul`emcmoi, f di`dm sm kudõ ei` su afklclf y irjf`lzõ su prlkmrf efsf eikmrelfc. RFJ > QFXLFHCM? RICLTLEF, TM@DM@ELF, E]CT]XF M` msf efsf `felõ Kf`umc Tækfrf Kfdrld m` 6>6>, qum ou`ti f Umhfsæ` Xikmri (ei`ieldi pipucfrkm`tm eiki Di` Enf`i) aumri` fjm`tms kidmr`lzf`tms dm Ul`emcmoi durf`tm cf smju`df kltfd dmc sljci ^L^, eiki jf`fdmris, eikmrelf`tms y picëeis clhmrfcms? –Fkhis ei`struymri` pmqumöis lkpmrlis eikmrelfcms y `f`elmris (dl`mri fc l`tmrìs) f cis eufcms cms aumri` föfdlm`di piei f piei mc `mjieli dm mrrfs y cf jf`fdmrëf‛. RFJ <

QFXLFHCM? Umhfsæ` Xikmri Feistf, Di` Enf`i, mrf irlu`di dm Ul`eì (Uuerm). Um mstfhcmelõ m` Ul`emcmoi m` cf dìefdf dm 6>42 eiki eikmrelf`tm dm fois y emhiccf, y cumji m` cfs dìefdfs dm 6>12 y 6>:2 sm ei`vlrõ m` mc nikhrm kæs l`uym`tm dm cfs sfhf`fs. Di` Enf`i nlzi dm tidi? aum u` picëei kuy sfjfz, sfj fz, fdmkæs fdmkæs dm jf`fdm jf`fdmri, ri, tmrrft tmrrftm`l m`lm`t m`tm, m, afhrle afhrlef`t f`tm m dm fjufrd fjufrdlm` lm`tm tm y prmstf prmstfkls klstf. tf. Eiki Eiki jihmr`f`tm jihmr` f`tm Di` Enf`i Xikmri irdm`õ cf ei`strueelõ ei`strueelõ` ` dm ieni pizis pizis –ccirfdis‛ –ccirfdis‛ m` Ul`emcmoi, Ul`emcmoi, y fsë klski l`lelõ cf trfdlelõ` dm cfs eirrldfs dm tiris i eirrfcmofs. RFJ <

QFXLFHCM? DMKIJXFALEF Umhfsæ` Xikmri Feistf, Di` Enf`i, mrf irlu`di dm Ul`eì (Uuerm). Um mstfhcmelõ m` Ul`emcmoi m` cf dìefdf dm 6>42 eiki eikmrelf`tm dm fois y emhiccf, y cumji m` cfs dìefdfs dm 6>12 y 6>:2 sm

 

ei`vlrõ m` mc nikhrm kæs l`uym`tm dm cfs sfhf`fs. Di` Enf`i nlzi dm tidi? aum u` picëei kuy sfjfz, sfj fz, fdmkæs fdmkæs dm jf`fdm jf`fdmri, ri, tmrrft tmrrftm`l m`lm`t m`tm, m, afhrle afhrlef`t f`tm m dm fjufrd fjufrdlm` lm`tm tm y prmstf prmstfkls klstf. tf. Eiki Eiki jihmr`f`tm jihmr` f`tm Di` Enf`i Xikmri irdm`õ cf ei`strueelõ ei`strueelõ` ` dm ieni pizis pizis –ccirfdis‛ –ccirfdis‛ m` Ul`emcmoi, Ul`emcmoi, y fsë klski l`lelõ cf trfdlelõ` dm cfs eirrldfs dm tiris i eirrfcmofs. RFJ <

QFXLFHCM? E]CT]XF M`trm cis föis 6>55 y 6>=2 cf pfrriqulf dm Ul`emcmoi airkõ pfrtm dmc @ivm`i Ef`tõ` dm cf Rrivl`elf dm Efrtfjm`f, qum tm`ëf eiki efhmemrf f cf eludfd dm Eirizfc, y dmc qum nfeëf` pfrtm fdmkæs fdm kæs cfs pfr pfrriq riqulf ulfss dm Kirrif Kirrif,, Ivmofs Ivmofs,, Mc Efrkm` Efrkm`,, Ul`eì, Ul`eì, Eicisõ Eicisõ,, Uf` Ofel`t Ofel`ti, i, Uf` Ouf` Ouf` @mpikuem`i, Mc Jufki, Tmtõ` y _fkhrf`i (suhrmjlõ` dm cfs Ufhf`fs y dm cis Ki`tms dm Kfrëf). RFJ 66

QFXLFHCM? RICLTLEF DM JIRHLMX@I, DL@FKLUKI, MKRXMUFU F pfrr dm 6>=2 Ul`emcmoi aum mcmvfdf f cf eftmjirëf dm Ef`tõ`, sltufelõ` qum jm`mrõ m` su pihcfelõ` m`tuslfski y dl`fklski (vìfsm Kfpf 8). Dis föis f`tms (6>4>) mc jihlmr`i nfhëf futirl fut irlzfd zfdi i mc mstfhc mstfhcmel melklm klm`ti `ti dm u`f afetir afetirëf ëf dm tfhfei tfhfei m` Mc Efrkm` Efrkm`.. Mstis Mstis dis afetirms afetirms dl`fklzfri` cf vldf eikmrelfc dm Ul`emcmoi y itrfs pihcfeli`ms emref`fs eiki Ivmofs, Eicisõ y Mc Efrkm` Ræj. 66

QFXLFHCM? RICLTLEI, DMKIJXFALEI, Eirizfc smjuëf momrelm`di eiki em`tri picëei y mei`õklei (cfau`dli jf`fdmri) dm cfs Ufhf`fs, pmri cf dl`æklef eikmrelfc dm Ul`emcmoi ei`vmrf f mstf ÿckf eludfd m` mc prl`elpfc pici dm ftrfeelõ` pfrf kuenfs afklclfs dm `mjielf`tms dm cf rmjlõ` efrlhm, fsë eiki dmc mxtrf`omri. Umjÿ` mc em`si dm pihcfelõ` dm 6>=8, mc dlstrlti dm Eirizfc ei`tfhf ei` 1.5=6 nfhltf`tms, præeefkm`tm ljufcfdi ei` mc dm Ul`emcmoi, qum tm`ëf 1.241 pmrsi`fs. Rfrf 6>:2 cf rmcfelõ` sm l`vlrõ y Ul`emcmoi prmsm`tõ kæs dm i`em klc nfhltf`tms, arm`tm f u`is smls klc dm Eirizfc pæj. 65

QFXLFHCM? MKRXMUFXLIU XMEI@IELDIU

Dmsdm kmdlfdis dmc sljci ^L^ f Ul`emcmoi ccmjfri` c cmjfri` afklclfs dm eikmrelf`tms eiki cis Frræzicf, ]rzicf, Kmrcf`i, Xikmri, Rftmr`l`f, @fvfs, m`trm itrfs

 

pæj. 64

QFXLFHCM? MKRXMUFXLIU XMEI@IELDIU

Durf`tm cfs dìefdfs sljulm`tms, m` Ul`emcmoi sm rfdlefri` nikhrms mkprm`dmdirms, ei` km` m`ttfcldf cldfd d kidm kidmr` r`lz lzf f`t `tm m eiki iki Rmd mdri ri y Ou Ouf f` D´C ´Cu uyz (l`st l`stru rueetir tir y kìd kìdlei lei rmspmevfkm`tm), Oisì Qfcvmrdm, Oisì Kfrëf y Kfurleli Qmrhmc, Afeu`di Kfdrld, Frturi Jfreëf y F`ti`li Kfrëf Kmrcf`i, m`trm itris. Rfj 6=

QFXLFHCM? RICLTLEF, TM@DM@ELF

F`ti`li Kfrëf Kmrcf`i aum u` picëei y rlei eikmrelf`tm rfdlefd rfdlefdi i m` Ul`emcmoi m` cf smju`df kltfd dmc sljci ^L^, y su nloi Amclpm Kfrëf Kmrcf`i sm dmdleõ fc `mjieli dmc tfhfei m` Mc Efrkm` dm Hicëvfr RFJ 6=

QFXLFHCM? MKRXMUFXLI, TM@DM@ELF

Cfs nlstirlfs dm eikmrelf`tms eiki mc sl`emf`i Umhfsæ` Xikmri, mc sfkpumsf`i Frturi Jfreëf, i dmc hfrrf`qulccmri Kf`umc Eirrmf, m`trm itris vfrlis, slrvm` pfrf eirrihirfr cf ldmf dm qum Ul`emcmoi ermelõ eiki eruem dm efkl`is durf`tm mc sljci ^L^ Uf` Hm`lti Fhfd i Qlccf dm Tfefsuæ` fcef`zõ su kfyir fujm mei`õklei m`trm cfs dìefdfs dm 6>82 y 6>=2, pir cf dl`æklef eikmrelfc qum cm lkprlkëf f cf pihcfelõ` cf –Amrlf dmc Erl Erlsti‛, sti‛, qum sm emcmhrfhf tidis cis föis mc 64 dm smpmkhrm y dëfs pistmrlirms. RFJ 61

QFXLFHCM?TM@DM@ELF, E]CT]XF

Rir su pfrtm, cf –Amrlf dm cf Ef`dmcfrlf‛ dm Kfjf`juì eikm`zõ f emcmhrfrsm dmsdm prl`elplis dm cf dìefdf dm 6>42 (m`trm mc 8 y 4 dm amhrmri), y cumji, f pfrr dm 6>41, cf –Amrlf dm Uf` F`ti`li‛, mc 65 dm ou`li. Nfstf cf dìefdf dm 6>42 RFJ 61 QFXLFHCM? TM@DM@ELF

Cm afvirmelõ f Kfjf`jum su uhlefelõ` sihrm mc rëi Kfjdfcm`f, y qum f pfrr dm 6>:2 cf `fvmjfelõ` uvlfc pir mc Hrfzi dm Cihf sm pudi rmfclzfr m` hfreis f vfpir dm kfyir tfkföi y efcfdi.

 

RFJ 6:

QFXLFHCM? IXLJM@, EXMELKLM@TI MEI@IKLEI

Mc trfzf trfzfdi di y ei`str ei`struee ueelõ` lõ` dm cf efrrm efrrmtmr tmrf f Ul`emc Ul`emcmoi moi-Ti -Ticÿ cÿ aum dmtmrk dmtmrkl`f l`f`tm `tm pf pfrf rf cf ei`sicldfelõ` dm Ul`emcmoi eiki mc mom eikmrelfc y mei`õklei dm cfs Ufhf`fs. Mc trfzfdi dm cf efrrmtmrf ci nlzi u` l`jm`lmri nicf`dìs m` 6>>1, y su l`fujurfelõ` aum mc 86 dm fhrlc dm 6>>>, amenf m` qum ccmjõ mc prlkmr prlkmr eienm eienm f Ul`emcmoi, Ul`emcmoi, ei`duelm`d ei`duelm`di i fc jihmr`fdir jihmr`fdir dmc dmpfrtfkm`ti dm Hicëvfr, Oisì Kf`umc Jim`fjf RFJ 6>   QFXLFHCM? M^RIXTFELI@MU

Cf dl`æklef eikmrelfc vlvldf pir Ul`emcmoi m` cfs dis ÿckfs dìefdfs dmc sljci ^L^, aum lkpucsfdf l kpucsfdf hæslefkm`tm hæslefkm`tm pir ccfs fs mxpirtfeli`ms dm jf`fdi y tfhfei, fsë  eiki pir cf pridueelõ` dm cis fcfkhlqums. RFJ 6>

QFXLFHCM? NFELM@DF

M` 6