Fundamentals of Arabic Summary Nahwu Bayinnah TV, Access Online, Arabic With Husna

Three Kinds of Words in Arabic

Ism

 – A person, place, thing, idea, adjective, adverb or more.

F’il

 – A word that has a tense, e.g. to read.

Harf   – A word that makes no sense unless there is a word after it.

S tatus ( 4 Properties of an Ism; St

), Number (

), Gender (

), Type (

Status

).

Properties of the Ism

Status

-

The role of the word in the sentence.

3 types of status: Doer

- oo / un

-

(Subject)

Detail

-

- aa / an

-

- ee / in

(Object)

After ‘of’ (Possesive)

He ate his lunch quickly outside yesterday.

(i.e .Lunch of his)

Our parents will pray for our success. In English the person mentioned first is the ‘Doer’, e.g. I chased th e cat. In Arabic this is not not the case.

Arabic uses Singular (1) Dual (2) and Plural (3+). The ending sound will change into an ending combination when in Dual or Plural form.

You can tell status by: 1. Ending sounds

 –

2. Ending Combinations -

Single harakah or tanween added to the end of a singular word, e.g. A few letters added to the end of the word e.g.

(R )

3. Plural Combinations  –

(N/J)

Only used for something that thinks e.g. Humans, Angels, Jinn e.g.

(R )

(N/J)

1

Muslim Chart

Feminine Plural Combinations

When a word is feminine a

is usually added to the end, followed by the relevant status ending ending sound.

When a word is feminine plural the ending combination is

(R ) or

(N/J).

Be careful not to translate these as ending sounds. If you see ‘

‘ at the beginning of a word, it will not have tanween.

Light and Heavy

Properties of the Ism

All the words in the ‘Muslim chart’ are considered heavy. T hey all have an ‘n’ sound either because they end with a ‘

‘ or tanween.

To make a word light, whether masculine or feminine, the extra ‘n’ sound is removed. E.g.

Note the difference between   

 –

and

-

becomes

.

Normally a word should have a ‘heavy’ status. Light Isms are suspicious. If a word is light there needs to be a reason. An Ism that becomes light does not have its properties affected.

4 reason a word can be light: 1. Partly flexible e.g. 2. When it is a Mudhaf e.g. 3. If it is part of a Categorical negation (

i.e.’ Absolute No’ . E.g.

4. An Ism is light if it is being called e.g.

2

Flexibility

Properties of the Ism

The flexibility of a word refers to whether it can change its appearance according to its status e.g. all the words in the Muslim chart are fully flexible. 3 types of Flexibility:

1. Fully Flexible

-

Show all statuses i.e. can have R/N/J endings; Light or Heavy 

Most isms



Arab names structure



Only four of the Prophets were Arabs;

2. Partly Flexible -

The N/J versions look the same; Always Light; Cannot take a kasra. e.g. Places



Non Arab names except 3 Letter place name exception, and 3 letter names



-

(N/J).



with

3. Non-flexible

(R )



in the midlle, e.g.

.

Colours (M/F)

Despite status, these words do not change. 

Words that end with ‘alif’ behave like this. E.g.



e.g.



e.g

Number

or

Properties of the Ism

Isms have number. This means they can be one of the following; 

Singular



Dual People Plural



Feminine Plural



Human Broken Plural



Non-Human Broken Plural



A Broken plural is a word that in its plural form doesn’t end with a plural ending combination

  and 

.

In English we have Book, Books vs Mouse, Mice. Since human and non-human broken plurals end in ending sounds, the only way to know what it ’s number is, is to know the meaning of the word.

3

Rule of thumb: Remember when deciphering a word’s number check for ending combinations first. EC: Dual, Fem and People Plural.

ES: Singular, Human and Non-human Broken plural. Plural?

Human?

Broken Plural? S, Fem or Based on trans

Non - Human?

Regular Plural? Based on trans

S, Fem e.g.

e.g.

e.g.

Fatima bought four books. She read each of ‘her  ‘ her ’ quickly

translates as singular, but grammatically treated as plural because it represents a group of people. E.g. E.g.

nati nation on,,

nati nation on/p /peo eopl ple, e,

gene genera rati tion on/c /cen entu tury ry..

Gender

Properties of the Ism

In English we say something is a ‘he’, ‘she’ or ‘it’. In Arabic ‘it’ doesn’t exist. Everything is ‘he’ or ‘she’. Which

one do you use? use?

Rule of thumb: Pretend all words are masculine unless you find the clues to make a word feminine.

There are two types of Feminine in Arabic. 1. Real Feminine - e.g. Sister, Mother, Daughter 2. Fake Feminine a. Words that end with

(except men’s names)

b. Broken Plurals (NHBP always, HBP Sometimes) c. Feminine ‘because the Arabs said so ’ (BASS) (

)

d. Human body parts in pairs e. Proper names of places

Hell

Glass

House

Road

Soul

Staff

War

Wind

Fire

Earth

Path

Sky

Sun

Well

Alcohol

4

Type

Properties of the Ism

A word’s type is either Proper P roper (A Chair) or Common (The Chair). Everything is common unless proven pro per.

7 proper Isms:

1. Proper Names 2. Pronouns (

) e.g.

3. Pointers (

) e.g.

4. The One being called 5. Words that have ‘ 6.

e.g.

7. If the word after ‘of’ is proper, the word before it is proper

Fragments

A phrase is more than two words. There are 2 types of phrases: 1. Sentences 2. Fragments

-

complete ideas e.g. I am a teacher. more than a word less than a sentence e.g. My marker....



Mawoof/Sifah



Idhaafah



Harf of jar



Harf of nasb



Pointers with



Ism Mawsool and Silah

Mawsoof sifah The

Fragment is a noun-adjective fragment. In Arabic adjectives are part of Isms, they also have 4

properties. When both noun and adjective match in all 4 properties, it is called

.

Rules: 

The adjective comes after the noun. Properties match



There may be multiple



Can tolerate long distance



.

NHBP = F,S. So when a broken plural is given an adjective, adjective, you must give them an adjective as though you are giving it to a girl. e.g.

Raf, Singular, Masculine, Common

Raf, Singular, Masculine, Common

Adjective Noun A Clever Muslim

5

Idaafah

Fragment

An idaafah is a fragment which brings two isms togeth er with the word ‘of’ in between them, e.g. Something of Someone’s. e.g. The House of Allah, or His house (i.e. house o f his). Idhaafah has two parts

(The word Allah) and

(word before ‘of’ ) and

. (The house).

word after ‘of’) and must have these these criteria criteria or it is not idhaafah. idhaafah.

Jar status No distance between the two

Light No ‘

‘

3 types of idhaafah: 1. ‘of’ translation 2. Pronoun attached to an ism 3. Special Mudhaaf 

Sometimes a sentence can have more than o ne



If the



Each word has S, N, G & T.

. E.g Musa’s Mother’s heart.

has a N/J ending combination you accept it as Jar, so long as the

meets the criteria.

Pronouns & Idhaafah

Pronouns can be stuck at the end of an ism, F’il or Harf – BUT you only call them

when they are attached to an ism.

N/J

R

In this case we know it is J because it is after ‘of’.

Whenever you add

as an attached pronoun, change the letter before to a kasra e.g.

- My book.

6

Idhafah – Five special isms

• •

Mudhafs Status not shown by ES or EC, but rather ending letter (EL).

Regular Father

Mudhaf

Regular

Mudhaf

Mouth

R N J

Brother

In-law

R N J

Possessor

Raf ends in

e.g.

is always

Nasb ends in

mudhaf, it never stands alone.

 Jarr ends with

e. g . e. g .

Special Mudhaaf and Tharf Special Mudhaaf 

Behind, beyond

behind

before

After

below

Special mudaaf are part of the ‘more’ list. They are ‘special’ bec ause: 1. They act as a mudhaaf most of the time.

Above

2. Because you don’t use an ‘of’ with

With, at, has, by, beside

Besides, other than

when translating them. e.g

-

under the chair, not u nder ‘of’ the chair. Other than

Around, surrounding

between

Some, some of

Which, any

Especially from

Infront of

Right in front of  

Each, all, every, the whole

are speical mudhaaf that indicate time or place. When a considered as the

has a

then it is

. (See table on page 13).

7

Pronouns

Subject Pronouns

Possessive Pronouns

Independent Pronouns

Status is Raf’’

Attached Pronouns

Status is N/J

Them (pp)

They (dm)

He

Their

Their (dm)

His

Them (pf)

They (df)

She

Their(pf)

Their (df)

Her

You all

Both of you (dm)

You (m)

Yours (mp)

Both of Yours (dm)

Your (m)

You all (pf)

Both of you (df)

You (f)

Yours (pf)

Both of Yours (df)

Your (f)

(R)

We

- is

N/J ?

pronoun is

- is

(J)

I

Our

is an ism. When an ism is attached to a pronoun, the Ism is

. Therefore

(N) My

and the

is Jar.

N/J ? Since it follows a Harf Nasb, it is Nasb.

Harf Jarr

Fragment

Harf of Jar make the Ism that follows it Jar. • • •

The HJ comes before the ism. No distance between HJ and its ism i sm A Harf does not have 4 properties.

Oath

For/have

Like (comparison)

Swear

With/By

)don’t confuse with ‘and’)

From

To/towards

Until (2)

On/Upon/Against

About/away from (Can mean from)

In

Laam when attached with a pronoun with have a fatha not kasra e.g. is a harf of Jarr in only 2 places in the Qur’an.

8



2 reason for a word to be Jar.

1.

It is attached to an ism (

2.

Comes after a Harf Jar



2 reasons for a word to be Nasb.

1. 2.

)

It is attached to a F’il. Comes after a Harf Nasb

Harf Nasb

Fragment

•

Harf Nasb role is to make the ism that comes after them Nasb.

•

Can have distance between the HN an its affected Ism e.g.

Because

So that, Hopefully

Alas, (express regret)

However

As though, As if 

That

Certainly, For sure



Pointers Demonstrative Pronouns 

Pointers

Near

Pointers

Demonstrative Pronouns Far

These (MP)

These (FP)

These (MD)

This (MS)

Those (M/FP)

Those (MD)

(R)

(R)

(N/J)

(N/J)

These (FD) (R)

This (FS) 

(N/J)

Those (M/FP)

Those (FD)

That (MS)

That (FS)

(R) (N/J)

Pointers are:



1. Non flexible, except their dual form (see table). 2. Always proper. 3. Have 4 properties, number and gender determined by the meaning. 4. Can be used to make sentences or fragments. If you want a fragment, you put right after the pointer. 4 properties must match e.g.



. This book.

If you want a sentence you don’t use This is a book.

e.g.



right after the pointer. 4 properties must match

and

could be talking about a broken plural thus it will translate as ‘those’ or ‘these’ instead.

The thing being pointed to is called the 9

Pointing at the Mudhaaf

What happens when you want to use a pointer with an idaafah, since the idhaafah cannot take Create the idhaafah fragment. Since mudhaaf can’t take

the pointer AFTER the mudhaaf ilay. e.g.

.

, but a fragment requires it, remove the

and put

- This path of mine.

Keeping the word ‘The’ with Pointers

You want to say: “This is the man”. means “This man”. But if you want a sentence you cant use

Use a pronoun to seperate the pointer and the

after the pointer!

This is THE man.

So

Sentences

There are 2 kinds of sentence: 1. Ism based/ Nominal -

and 2. F’il based / Verbal -

Invisible ‘is’ in the

A simple

has the word ‘is’ in it. This does not exist in Arabic, but is implied. In understanding Ism

based sentences, we must find the invisible ‘is’.

You can do this by: 1. Proper followed by common: 2. Right after Harf of Nasb and Mansoob:

Allah IS greater and

3. Independant pronouns are followed with is, is, as opposed to just he: 4. Pointers and no ‘

 :

5. First break in the relationship chain: when you cannot connect a group of isms isms together by applying the 5 fragments, the invisible invisible ‘is’ comes where the connection connection the lost e.g

and

10

The Subject and The Predicate in the

Parts of the 1. The Mubtada-

(subject) is the starting part of the

i.e. the part before the ‘is’.

Raf’ or Harf Nasb fragment. Always definite noun or a pronoun.

 

2. The Khabar -

(the information, predicate)i.e. the part after ‘is’.



Usually Raf’ status.



If Harf Jarr or a

In a

then it is known as the

,

we need a

-

,

(MBK). (See table 13).

or both.

In this sentence we have a

and a

.

The mubtada and the khabar should be compatible in gender and number (If the plural is an intelligent being). If the mubtada comes after the khabr, the reason will be for either emphasis, or exclusivity . For example, eid takbeer -

i.e. praise is for Allah ONLY.

Fi’l based sentence

There are 3 parts of the 1. The 2. The doer 3. The details A

fragment will be called a

Every basic basic JF must must have a The word word

and a

(not always present).

. The rest may or may not be present.

is used used to emphasi emphasize ze both both a past past and present present tense tense fi'l. It will ALWAYS be followed followed by by a fi'l. fi'l.

In modern Arabic , when used with present tense it can imply ‘certainty’ or ‘might’ depending on the context. - ‘He might know’, or ‘He certainly knows’.

Embedded / Complex sentences

with

inside it: She said, “He is a Muslim”



with

inside it:

The man he read.

11

“The Muslim helped.”  

Normal phrasing Only one doer

“The Muslim, he helped” or “It is infact the Muslim who helped!”  



Abnormal phrasing Doer emphasised twice - once as ‘the muslim’ and then as ‘he’. It reiterates who the act is done by, when someone is confused about who did the act. It can indicate an emotionally charged context e.g. passion, anger, yelling depending on context.

In MSA the translation would be the same without the repeated pronoun.

Types of

in a

Who/ What was the action done to? NOT WHAT WAS THE ACTION When an attached pronoun is attached to a f’il it is always mafool bihi.

•

When/ Where did the action take place?

•

Why was the action carried out?

•

How did the action take place?

•

How badly (Uses masdar to emphasise/describe the action)

Yesterday, I ate the cake slowly because I was hungry.

12

Sentence BEGINS with ...

Raf Ism or HN

Fil

Anything else

Look at the next word

: The Action

: Subject of the Sentence : Doer of the Action  

Inside pronoun Outside After the fil, raf status, fil is 

Raf Ism HN fragment

 

 & its ism



or hiya

: Information about the Subject : Details about the Action  



Raf Ism JF Another JI



For



Nasb ism JI Starts w/ raf ism – quote 



Starts with HN Another JF

look for a JF or Nasb ism





: MBK – Related to the 

: MBF – related to the action 



HJ fragment



info

HJ fragment Idaafah with a tharf If the khabr is a JF, there will be no MBK

13

Fi'l – Past Tense

A Fi’l word that has a tense, is stuck in time, it is not a verb as a verb does not contain the ‘doer’. In arabic every active fi’l comes with an inside pronoun

 that is the doer

 . Thus the simplest

is a fi’l on its own.

Past Tense Fi’l s

Endings Change

Pronouns attached to the fi’l are always nasb because it is a detail of the f’il.

To tell the difference between the hidden pronoun ‘inside’ the f’il and the attached pronoun that is being Root

fected by the f’il  e.g af fected

1. Identify the attached pronoun and ignore it. 2. Translate the original fi’l.

- he

helped. 3. Then translate the attached pronoun. - me. 4. So “He helped me”.

Fi'l – Past Tense

A Fi’l word that has a tense, is stuck in time, it is not a verb as a verb does not contain the ‘doer’.  that is the doer

In arabic every active fi’l comes with an inside pronoun

 . Thus the simplest

is a fi’l on its own.

Past Tense Fi’l s

Endings Change

Pronouns attached to the fi’l are always nasb because it is a detail of the f’il.

To tell the difference between the hidden pronoun ‘inside’ the f’il and the attached pronoun that is being Root

fected by the f’il  e.g af fected

1. Identify the attached pronoun and ignore it. 2. Translate the original fi’l.

- he

helped. 3. Then translate the attached pronoun. - me. 4. So “He helped me”.

When attached pronoun is It is vital that the f’il’s For example,

=

the ‘u’ sound is prolonged e.g

is not lost in the verbal constructions from (huwa) +

= F’il in nahnu . “We came.”

(nahnu). “He came to Us.”

which becomes

onwards.

.

Sent down

Made

Warned

Believed

Assumed

Prepared

Stayed/slept

Got big

Left

Said

Congratulated

Worked

Took

Read

Hit

Took Firmly

Heard

Learned

Found

Taught

Pass (test)

Succeeded

Raised Up

Mentioned

Asked for forgivness

Prevented/ Forbade

Conversed With

14

Fi'l Past Tense - Two Kinds of Doers

There are two different kinds of doers, inside and outside. The Outside doer (

is when your doer is not an

attached  pronoun  pronoun e.g. Maryam read -

1. Inside ( 

- we are implying an inside doer who is

2. Outside

and

: • Fi’l stays in

form i.e.

and

ven if the outside

doer is a pair or a plural. • Raf’ • Af ter ter the f’il

Vs He taught the teacher

Vs

The teacher taught

Fi'l Present Tense

Beginnings & Ending Change

Present/Future Tense Fi’ls



Four of the conjugations begin with these are

and



’ils always begin with ANITA Present f ’il



The harakat on the

f’il will lead

the way for the rest of the chart. 

Present tense vs Ism: Present tense starts with

or

and then ends with

e.g 

or

vs

All root endings in present tense end with a dhamma .

*Definition depends on context

The present tense in Arabic includes both present and future tense. Translation depends on context. A present tense f’il can be force forced d into into the the futur future e by usin using g the the harf harfss is attached to the

or

, e.g. e.g.

He WI WILL LL help help..

.

is not attached the f’il but can be attached to other harfs. is close,

is a little bit further in the future.

15

The Light Harf & Fi'l Present Tense 

The light harf make the Present tense f’il light, and change the meanings accordingly.

Until

In that case *

So that

Will not

To e.g I want to..

doesn’t come in the Qur’aan as a light harf.

The Present tense has 3 forms; 1. Normal 2. Light

-

3. Lightest -

Fi’ls that follow the Light harf can change c hange in either of the following ways: 

If the f’il en  ends with

change to a

.



If the f’il ends with a



Femi Femini nine ne Plur Plural alss are are unch unchan ange ged d i.e. i.e.

remove the

(replace with an alif for plural). and and

.

To To To

He helps

He will not help

In that case, he will help

16

Fi'l Present Tense - The Lightest Lightest Harf  Harf

Should Then ‘he’ should

And ‘he’ should

* ‘not yet’ with yet’ with present tense f’il e.g. e.g.

*Not yet/ When

** not/ Had not

If 

he has not yet helped, and ‘when’ with ‘when’ with a past tense f’il

- when he helped.

**

comes with a present tense f’il, however it translates with a past tense negative meaning.

The

make the present t ense f’il lighter  in the following ways: 

If the f’il ends with

change to a



If the f’il ends with a



Femi Femini nine ne Plur Plural alss are are unch unchan ange ged d i.e. i.e.

remove the

. and is replaced with an alif for plural. and and

He helps

can can make the f’il light or lightest.

.

He did not help

can mean ‘should’ (lightest) or ‘so that’ from

If he helps

, (Light).

If the f’il is light it means ‘so that the helps’, and if it lightest it means ‘he should help’.  If this doesn’t help, go with the context. How do you know whether the

is HJ or Lightest harf? HJ will come with a HJ, lightest will come with a

present tense f’il.

Question Words

How What When Where Why Did

17

Simple Fi'l Negation

A harf that negates is called a

.

- He didn’t help.    

- He doesn’t help.

Used with both past and present f’il Includes negation and refutation Strongest form of negation Be careful! Maa has other uses besides negation

- He doesn’t help . 

Used with present tense ONLY

- He didn’t help.  

Used with present tense ONLY Pushes the meaning into the past tense

- He will not help.  

Used with present tense ONLY Pushes the meaning into the future f uture tense

Forbidding & Commanding

Forbidding is used to prevent someone from carrying out an action. Given this, the following apply; 

You cannot command/ forbid in the past tense.



You cannot command yourself.



You cannot command/ forbid someone who is not there.





A grammatical command isn’t always really a command. It could be a suggestion, motivation, sarcasm, permission, advice, request or imperative. E.g. “Should I buy this car” – “ Buy it”. Forbidding is easier than commanding.

+ 2nd person lightest

To forbid you;

1. Take the second person present tense verb 2. Make it 3. Put

infront of it

You hit!

!

Don’t hit!

18

Commanding

(2nd Person Lightest) remove

+ possible helper.

1) Start with 2nd person. E.g

You help

2) Make it

i.e.

3) Remove the first

so we have

4) Add helper alif if needed

i.e. if the word word cannot be read then add the alif.

If the third letter (starting with ) is: a. b. Other The commaning f’il may look like a past tense.

Most of the time when we make a dua to Allah we use the commanding or forbidding form, but we call it ‘request’ because we are addressing Allah swt. The one being ordered will be in the fil used.

Forbidding Vs Observation Statement/ Observation

“I noticed you don’t write books” .

Forbidding

“Don’t wri te te books” .

*The f’il is not in its

form.

Conditional statement

A conditional statement will start with one of the following:  – if

- whatever

- Whoever

It has 2 parts and can be defined as an ‘I f-Then’ statement. 1. The condition 2. The answer/ consequence of the condition 

Both f’il parts are in the

form.

O you who have attained to faith! If you help [the cause of] God, He will help you, and wi ll make firm your steps (47:7)

19

Answering a Command / Forbidding

The consequence of a command (

) or forbidding is made

, to show its relationship to the

command.

Sometimes for flow, a word will not end with the sukoon. E.g.

Passive F’ils

Transitive f ’il -

 – is a f’il that can take mafool bihi i.e it can be f ollowed ollowed by someone or something,

these can have a passive. Intransative f’il -

- is a f’il that cannot take mafool bihi i.e. it cannot be followed by ‘someone’ or

‘something’. These cannot have a passive.

He read

He read someone

He read something

He fell

He fell someone

He fell something

Active f’il - Doer is known e.g. "Yusuf "Yusuf ate ate the chocolate." chocolate." Passive f’il (

- When the fi’l is mentioned, but you don’t know who the doer is , instead the ‘done-to’ is known. E. E .g. "The chocolate was eaten”.



After the fil Fil stays singular Raf status



E.g.

 

You can make a word passive in English by adding words like “was “ was,” ,” “is “is being,” being,” etc, for example, “He “ He sees” sees” (active) becomes “He “He is being seen” seen” (passive).

20

In Arabic both the past and present tense have passive forms. In order to tell if a fil is active or passive we do the following: 1) Determine the tense of the fil. 

Past tense f’il - the passive will have OO-EE sounds



Present tense f’il - the passive will have OO-AA sounds.

Word

Tense

Sound

Type

Translation

Past

OO-EE

Passive

"You were taught"

Present

OO-AA- EE

Active

"He teaches"

Present

OO-AA

Passive

"He is taught"

Present passives  – you just need one ‘ OO’, and can have as many ‘ AA’s as you need. The last letter is off

limits. The ending will not change e.g.

Past Passive - ensure the second- last letter is ‘ EE,’ and the rest should all be ‘ OO.’ You can have as many ‘OO’s as you need, but you need one ‘EE’ .

OO--AA OO

OO OO  -EE EE

Present Passive

Past Passive

Kaana and her Sisters

To be

To become

Present

Is/are not

Past

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These are incomplete verbs

. They cannot stand alone. Because

and her sisters do not make

a complete sentence in themselves like other fi ls e.g He became... Vs He ate. They are constructed as JF but grammatically they they are are JI due to the missing component i.e. they they will need a khabar. 

= mubtada



When

details are called the khabar khabar of kaana, and will ALWAYS be nasb



The MBK rules are the same



Since they are still fils they can be used with harf

is used with the word Allah it means “was and has always been and always will be”.

When the khabr of -

but

is always raf’





is not called

The ‘doer’ of

is a present tense tense fi’l the translation is “used to ”

He helps

He used to help.

Mubtada, Khabar, MBK

Demonstrative Pronouns

Ism Mawso Mawsool ol is an an incompl incomplete ete ism, ism, it needs needs another another part i.e a connector connector (

) to complete complete the the fragment fragment..

The ones who (M)

The two who (M)

The one who (M)

The ones who (F)

The two who(F)

The one who (F)

Whoever

Whatever

The on the IM is part of it. It is not the definite article.

A complex ism is a fragment that takes the place of an ism e.g. The ones who took a car  thieves.  thieves. IM are complex isms. Anytime you see

etc know it is part of a complex ism and the word right after is tied

to it i.e. part of its ism.

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The

and

are grammatically treated as one.

The one who

stole the car



Any status but non flexible thus



No status



Always proper



Comes straight after the IM



Can be an outside doer



Can be one word, a fragment, or entire sentence.

The status of the ism is taken from one of the following: 1. The context 2.

See table below

Raf

    

Nasb Faail (doer) Mubtada Khabr Sifah of a raf word No reason to say it is N/J

  

Jarr

Mafool After HN Sifah of nasb word

When looking at a sentence that has an

  

MI After HJ Sifah of a jarr word

in it, we want to do the following:

1. Identify the 2. Determine what status it is. 3. Find where the silah ends. 4. Translate The role the complex ism is playing: Ism Mowsool as a sifah: 

4 properties match  – the disbelieving nation



 – the nation nation that disbelieved. disbelieved. *Sifah





If there is a proper ism before the ism mowsool, check for mowsoof and sifah.

*In the place of

*We use this term when we are speaking about an ism whose s tatus can only be determined by context (usually PF and NF isms). E.g. If we can only tell the status of an ism based on context then, when doing the analysis, we will say the ism is "in the place of raf" or "in the place of nasb" or "in the place of jarr" based on context.

- I helped Musa. 23

Access Online Online 1 Random    

The Noun is called Man'oot      and the adjective is called Naat    The only time a HJ comes as a is when attached attached to a pronoun, e.g.  . Sometimes is used for emphasis, emphasis, as opposed opposed to HJ. If you are confused as to whether or not a word is an ism or fil, you say what you think it is then decipher why. If it has no reason to be a fil then its not.

Irab process 1. Identify the number of words 2. Seperate those words. 3. Find the role of each word.

Negation

The absolute no comes with an ism

Connectors

Then

And

Or

and

Flow

+

=



is made up of

= antum and

= we , for fluidity

Sometimes for flow, a word will not end with the sukoon. E.g. If the word before

ends with a sukoon is changed for the flow.

When attached pronoun is Whenever you add

the ‘u’ sound is prolonged e.g

as an attached pronoun, change the letter before to a kasra e.g.

- My book.

Sometimes for flow, a word will not end with the sukoon. E.g.

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