FSSA Pipe Design Handbook-2nd Edition-August 2003

second edition

PIPE DESIGN HANDBOOK

For Use With Special Hazard Fire Suppression Systems

FSSA PDH-01

PIPE DESIGN HANDBOOK For Use With SPECIAL HAZARD FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS Second Edition August 2003

Fire Suppression Systems Association 5024-R Campbell Boulevard Baltimore, Maryland 21236-5974 Phone: (410) 931-8100 Fax: (410) 931-8111 www.fssa.net

© 2003 by the Fire Suppression Systems Association. All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including photocopy, xerography, recording, or by use of any information or storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher.

FSSA PDH-01

FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION Forward, Introduction & Definitions

1

Design Criteria

2

Pipe Pressure Tables

3

Pipe & Fittings- Rated Working Pressure

4

Special Requirements for Closed Sections of Piping

5

Pipe Supports and Hangers

6

APPENDIX A:

Pipe Requirements for FSSA Equipment Manufacturers Engineered Systems

7

APPENDIX B:

Pipe Fittings for use in CLEAN AGENT SYSTEM Piping

8

APPENDIX C:

References

9

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FORWARD

The Fire Suppression Systems Association (FSSA) has developed this handbook to provide guidance to system designers on how to apply the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code in a uniform and consistent manner, in order to determine the maximum allowable internal working pressure for piping used in special hazard fire suppression systems. The FSSA Technical Committee was assigned the task to address this issue. The resulting document provides the necessary guidelines, along with supplemental information, to assist the system designer in complying with the requirements specified in the applicable NFPA Standards related to the Power Piping Code. This handbook is currently referenced in several of the NFPA standards. The first edition of this document was published in June 2001. The second edition of the handbook was published in August 2003, and includes revisions to Section 3, Appendix A, and Appendix C; along with the addition of new Section 6 and new Appendix B.

CAUTION This document provides general guidelines and is not intended to provide all information necessary to determine equipment and material requirements for specific installations or applications. Always refer to the equipment manufacturer’s instructions and recommendations, along with other regulations and NFPA Standards that may apply. Some limitations and restrictions apply. Please refer to the text and notes, which follow. This document is subject to modifications. Users should obtain the latest version. The Association, its members, and those participating in its activities accept no responsibility or liability to any one for the completeness or use of, or reliance on this document, or for compliance with the provisions herein.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION This document provides general information and guidelines on the design of piping and tubing systems for use with all types of special hazard fire suppression systems, where the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code is specified. This Guide follows the general design parameters of the Power Piping Code, but has been modified similar to the accepted formats found in NFPA-12A and NFPA-2001. An expanded list of pressure Tables are found in Section 3. These Tables provide the system designer with maximum allowable internal working pressures that have been pre-calculated for various types of pipe and tubing materials and end connections. In all cases, the pipe and fittings shall have a minimum rated working pressure equal to or greater than the minimum piping design working pressure specified in Appendix A of this document, for the agent being used.

1.1 DEFINITIONS Some terms used in this document, related to pipe and tubing and supports / hangers are defined below.

Brazing: A metal joining process where fusion is produced by use of a nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above 800oF (425oC) but lower than that of the base metals used. The filler metal is distributed between the closely fitted surfaces of the joint by capillary action.

Butt Joint: A joint between two members lying approximately in the same plane.

Filler Metal: Metal that is added during welding, soldering, or brazing.

Full Fillet Weld: A fillet weld whose size is equal to the thickness of the thinner member joined.

Maximum Allowable Stress (SE): The maximum stress value that may be used in the design formulas for a given material and design temperature. These valves are given in the Tables in Appendix A of the Power Piping Code, and in Table 2-1 of this document; and include the longitudinal seam joint efficiency factors.

Maximum Allowable Working Pressure: The pressure at a coincident temperature to which the piping can be subjected without exceeding the maximum allowable stress.

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Nominal Thickness: The thickness given in the product material specification or standard, exclusive of manufacturing tolerances.

Pipe and Tube: The fundamental difference between pipe and tube is the dimensional standard to which each is manufactured. For use in this document both have a round cross section. A pipe is a tube of round cross section conforming to the dimensional requirements for nominal pipe size as tabulated in ANSI B36.10. A tube is a hollow product of round cross section that may be specified with respect to any two, but not all three of the following: outside diameter, inside diameter, and wall thickness. (Types K, L, and M copper tube may also be specified by nominal size and type only).

Electric Resistance Welded Pipe and Tubing (ERW): Pipe or tubing having a longitudinal butt joint where fusion is produced by the heat obtained from resistance to the flow of electric current in a circuit of which the pipe/tubing is a part, and by the application of pressure.

Furnace Butt Welded Pipe: Pipe having its longitudinal butt joint forge welded by mechanical pressure developed in drawing the furnace heated metal through a cone shaped die which serves as a combined forming and welding die.

Electric Fusion Welded Pipe: Pipe having a longitudinal butt joint where fusion is produced in the preformed metal by manual or automatic arc welding. The weld may be made with or without the use of filler metal.

Seamless Pipe: Pipe produced by several methods that result in a round pipe that does not have a longitudinal seam.

Soldering: A metal joining process where fusion is produced by heating to a suitable temperature and by using a nonferrous alloy that melts at temperatures below 800oF (425oC) and having a melting point below that of the base metals being used.

Rigid Support: The method of securing pipe or tubing to walls, ceiling structures or columns to prevent movement in any direction.

Intermediate Support: The method of supporting piping or tubing to counter the force of gravity. The supports are normally located between rigid supports, but are not intended to counter longitudinal or lateral sway, or as bracing against thrusts associated with changes in direction.

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2.0 DESIGN CRITERIA All calculations to determine the maximum allowable working pressure for various types of pipe and tubing, shall be based on the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code, 1998 edition, (including B31.1a 1999 Addenda; & B31.1b 2000 Addenda); and as modified herein for use in all types of special hazard fire suppression systems: The criteria specified follows the basic format found in NFPA-12A and NFPA-2001, and covers pressure-temperature ratings for allowable stress, longitudinal joint efficiencies, end connection factors, and other allowances and limitations used in the design of actuation and distribution system piping.

2.1 Limitations established for pipe and tubing, used in special hazard fire suppression systems, are set by: (Note: Where the word “pipe” is used it is understood to also mean “tubing”). (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g)

Maximum pressure expected in the pipe, or as specified in the applicable NFPA Standard. Materials of construction of the pipe, tensile strength, yield strength, and temperature limitations of the material. End connection joining methods, (e.g. threaded, welded, grooved, etc.). Pipe construction method, (e.g. seamless, ERW, furnace welded, etc.). Pipe diameter. Pipe wall thickness. Cast iron pipe, steel pipe conforming to ASTM A-120, aluminum pipe, or non-metallic pipe, shall not be used.

2.2 The calculations are based on the following: (a) (b)

The appropriate maximum allowable stress value (SE) shall be taken from Appendix A of the Power Piping Code (PPC). The SE values taken from Appendix A of the Power Piping Code shall be based on a temperature of not less than +130oF for the material being used.

Note: 130oF designation is based on the maximum operating temperature of most listed/approved fire suppression systems. (c) (d) (e) (f)

For piping, the calculations cover threaded, welded, brazed, rolled and cut groove, end connections. For tubing, the calculations cover using compression or flare fittings; or welded, brazed, or soldered end connections. Materials covered in the calculations include steel pipe and tubing, stainless steel pipe and tubing, and copper tubing. Other metallic pipe and tubing can be used, provided that the appropriate SE values, wall thickness, and end connection factors are substituted.

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FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

DESIGN CALCULATIONS The basic equation to be used to calculate the maximum allowable working pressure for piping/tubing subject to internal pressure is:

P = 2SE (t-A)/D

EQ #1

Where: t = nominal wall thickness (inches) D = outside diameter of pipe or tubing (inches) P = maximum allowable working pressure (psig) SE = maximum allowable stress [including longitudinal seam joint efficiency] (psi) A = allowance for threading, grooving, etc. (inches). NOTE: For these calculations: A = depth of thread for threaded connections A = depth of groove for cut groove connections A = zero for welded or rolled groove connections A = zero for joints in tubing using compression or flare fittings; or brazed or welded end connections The term SE is generally defined as 1/4 of the tensile strength of the piping material or 2/3 of the yield strength (whichever is lower) multiplied by a longitudinal seam joint efficiency factor, as noted below. Joint efficiency factors are: 1.00 for seamless 0.85 for ERW (electric resistance welded) 0.60 for furnace butt weld (continuous weld) (Class F) When A=0 the basic equation can be further simplified to:

P = (2tSE)/D

EQ #2

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2.4 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE STRESS (SE) VALUES The majority of special hazard fire suppression systems have piping systems that are not normally pressurized. In addition, most of these systems have discharge times that are considerably less than 60 minutes in duration, and therefore satisfy the criteria where the SE values can be increased by 20% when calculating the maximum allowable working pressures. To directly address the most common type of systems, the maximum allowable working pressures shown in the pipe pressure Tables in Section 3, use SE values that have been increased by 20% for use with piping not normally pressurized. The 20% increase is only valid where the duration of system discharge is limited to 60 minutes at any one time.

Reference Information Paragraph 102.2.4 of the ASME B31.1b-2000 Addenda to the Power Piping Code, recognizes that the piping system shall be considered safe under conditions where the piping may be subjected to short periods of higher design pressure or temperature. For this situation the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code allows the maximum allowable stress to be exceeded by: (a) 15% increase in allowable stress, if the event duration occurs for no more than eight hours (480 minutes) at any one time, and no more than 800 hours/year, or (b) 20% increase in allowable stress, if the event duration occurs for no more than 1 hour (60 minutes) at any one time, and no more than 80 hours/year.

Table 2-1 gives values for SE as taken from Appendix A of the ASME B31.1, Power Piping Code, along with SE values increased by 20% for use in the calculations.

CAUTION The SE values used in the calculations are also limited to the maximum temperatures shown in Table 2-1. If higher temperatures are anticipated, then the SE values must be reduced to agree with the values shown in Appendix A of the Power Piping Code at the higher temperature for the piping materials being used.

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TABLE 2-1 Pipe or Tube Material Steel Pipe Seamless Seamless Seamless Seamless Seamless ERW ERW Furnace Welded Stainless Steel Pipe Type 304 Seamless Type 304 Welded Type 304L Seamless Type 304L Welded Type 316 Seamless Type 316 Welded Type 316L Seamless Type 316L Welded Steel Tubing Seamless ERW ERW Stainless Steel Tubing Type 304 Seamless Type 304 ERW Type 304L Seamless Type 304L ERW Type 316 Seamless Type 316 ERW Type 316L Seamless Type 316L ERW Copper Tubing Seamless, Annealed Seamless, Drawn

ASTM Spec

SE Value (psi) (oF) Taken From Temperature Appendix A Range ASME B31.1

SE Value Increased 20% (psi)

A 106 Gr. C A 53 Gr. B A 106 Gr. B A 53 Gr. A A 106 Gr. A A 53 Gr. B A 53 Gr. A A 53 Gr. F

17500 15000 15000 12000 12000 12800 10200 7200

-20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650

21000 18000 18000 14400 14400 15360 12240 8640

A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312

15700 13300 13400 11400 16200 13800 13300 11300

-20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200

18840 15960 16080 13680 19440 16560 15960 13560

A 179 A 178 Gr. A A 178 Gr. C

11800 10000 12800

-20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650

14160 12000 15360

A 213, A 269 A 249, A 269 A 213, A 269 A 249, A 269 A 213, A 269 A 249, A 269 A 213, A 269 A 249, A 269

15700 13300 13400 11400 16200 13800 13300 11300

-20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200

18840 15960 16080 13680 19440 16560 15960 13560

B 88, B 280 B 88, B 280

5100 9000

-20 to +150 -20 to +250

6120 10800

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FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

2.5 MULTIPLICATION FACTORS To determine the maximum allowable working pressure for other type of systems (such as where the piping is under continuous pressure, or for systems having longer discharge times), the values of maximum allowable working pressure, shown in the Tables of Section 3, shall be reduced using the applicable multiplication factor shown below.

System Piping

Multiply By

•

For piping under continuous pressure

0.8333

•

For discharge times between 60 and 480 minutes

0.9583

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3.0 PIPE PRESSURE TABLES The following Tables provide values of maximum allowable working pressure for various types of pipe and tubing. These values have been calculated using the formulae, SE values and end connections shown in: • •

Section 2.3 and Equations #1 and #2. Table 2-1

•

Table 3-1: Steel Pipe with Threaded End Connections.

•

Table 3-2: Steel Pipe with Rolled Groove or Welded End Connections.

•

Table 3-3: Steel Pipe with Cut Groove End Connections.

•

Table 3-4: Stainless Steel Pipe with Threaded End Connections.

•

Table 3-5: Stainless Steel Pipe with Welded End Connections.

•

Table 3-6: Steel Tubing with Welded, Brazed, Flare, or Compression Fitting Ends.

•

Table 3-7: Stainless Steel Tubing with Welded, Brazed, Flare, or Compression Fitting Ends.

•

Table 3-8: ASTM B-88 Seamless Copper Water Tubing with Brazed, Soldered, Flare, or Compression Fitting Ends. (Annealed and Drawn Tempers).

•

Table 3-9: ASTM B-280 Seamless Copper Refrigeration Tubing with Brazed, Soldered, Flare or Compression Fitting Ends. (Annealed and Drawn Tempers).

CAUTIONS a. The values of maximum allowable working pressure, shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-9, have been calculated subject to the following limitations: • The pipe/tubing system is not normally pressurized. • System discharge time does not exceed 60 minutes in duration. • The pipe/tubing is not normally exposed to ambient temperatures that exceed the temperature limitations shown in Table 2-1, for the material being used. b. If the pipe/tubing system is subjected to higher ambient temperatures for a specific application, then the SE values and the resultant maximum allowable working pressures, must be reduced to agree with the lower SE values coincident with the higher temperatures for the material being used. The SE values and temperature data are found in Appendix A of the Power Piping Code. c. For pipe/tubing normally under continuous pressure, or for systems having longer discharge times, the values of maximum allowable working pressure shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-9, shall be reduced using the following multiplication factors: Multiply By •

For pipe/tubing under continuous pressure:

0.8333

•

For discharge times between 60 and 480 minutes:

0.9583

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FSSA PDH-01 3.1

FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

HOW TO USE THE TABLES

The following examples provide typical procedures that can be used to select the proper pipe/tubing for use in a specific application, where the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code is specified.

3.1.1 Example #1: High Pressure CO2 System, using stainless steel tubing for the distribution piping. (Note: NFPA-12, 2000 Edition, section 1-10.1.4 specifies that the minimum pipe design pressure shall be 2,800 psi when using this material)

Given: • • • • • • • •

The pipe/tubing is not normally pressurized. There are no stop valves between the agent containers and the nozzles. The discharge time is less than 60 minutes. The application requires that Type 304 seamless or welded (ERW) stainless steel tubing be used. Tubing Size = 1” OD Minimum design pressure specified: 2,800 psi Use either flare or compression type tubing fittings (A=0). Maximum ambient temperature that the tubing will normally be exposed to: +120oF.

Find: •

Minimum wall thickness capable of withstanding a minimum allowable working pressure of 2,800 psi.

Procedure: a. Check Table 2-1 for Type 304 stainless steel tubing. Note that the SE values are acceptable for temperatures up to +200oF. This satisfies the requirement of +120oF. b. Go to Table 3-7, titled “Stainless Steel Tubing with Welded, Brazed, Flared or Compression Fitting Ends (A=0)”. c. For 1” tube size, look under the Type 304 seamless and welded columns for wall thickness’ where the calculated working pressure is 2,800 psi or greater. d. Inspection of Table 3-7 shows that the following sizes are acceptable: • 1’” OD x 0.083” wall thickness (or greater) Type 304 seamless tubing is acceptable. or: • 1” OD x 0.095” wall thickness (or greater) Type 304 welded (ERW) tubing is acceptable. e. Check with tubing supplier(s) for commercially available sizes and wall thickness. f. Check with tubing fitting manufacturer(s) for pressure ratings of fittings.

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3.1.2 Example #2: 360 psi HFC-227ea Clean Agent System using threaded steel pipe. Given: • • • • • • • •

The piping is not normally pressurized. There are no stop valves between the agent containers and the nozzles. The discharge time is less than 60 minutes. The application allows the use of seamless, welded, or furnace welded steel pipe with threaded end connections. Pipe sizes: 2” and 3” schedule 40. Minimum pipe design pressure: 416 psi. [This value obtained from NFPA-2001, 2000 edition, Table 2-2.1.1(b) for HFC-227ea at 72 Lb/Ft3 fill density]. Use threaded fittings. Maximum ambient temperature that the pipe will normally be exposed to: +130oF.

Find: •

The types and grades of sch.40 steel pipe that can be used in both 2” and 3” sizes.

Procedure: a. Check Table 2-1 for steel pipe. Note that the SE values are acceptable for temperatures up to +650oF. This satisfies the requirement of +130oF. b. Go to Table 3-1, titled “Steel Pipe with Threaded End Connections (A = thread depth)”. Look in the sch. 40 section. c. Look across the rows for 2” and 3” sizes, for the grades and types of steel pipe where the calculated maximum allowable working pressures are equal to or greater than 416 psi. d. Inspection shows that, for the 2” and 3” pipe sizes, all grades and types of sch. 40 steel pipe are acceptable. (Note: Further inspection shows for this example, that all grades and types of sch. 40 steel pipe can be used in all sizes up to 8” NPS). e. Check pipe suppliers for commercial availability. f. Check pressure rating of the threaded fittings to be used.

3.1.3 General Notes: Note 1: When using copper tubing with brazed or soldered connections, the maximum allowable stress (SE) must be based on the annealed value. Note 2: Pipe supplied as dual stenciled A120/A53 Class F, meets the requirements of Class F furnace welded ASTM A 53 as listed in Table 2-1.

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TABLE 3-1 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Steel Pipe with Threaded End Connections (A = thread depth)

Sch. 40

Sch. 80

Sch. 120

Sch. 160

NPS Pipe Size 1/4 3/8 1/2 3/4 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 3 4 5 6 8 1/4 3/8 1/2 3/4 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 3 4 5 6 8 4 5 6 8 1/2 3/4 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 3 4 5 6 8

Wall Thick. (t) 0.088 0.091 0.109 0.113 0.133 0.140 0.145 0.154 0.203 0.216 0.237 0.258 0.280 0.322 0.119 0.126 0.147 0.154 0.179 0.191 0.200 0.218 0.276 0.300 0.337 0.375 0.432 0.500 0.437 0.500 0.562 0.718 0.187 0.218 0.250 0.250 0.281 0.343 0.375 0.437 0.531 0.625 0.718 0.906

“A” Dim. 0.044 0.044 0.057 0.057 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.044 0.044 0.057 0.057 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.057 0.057 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100

A-53B Grade: A-106C A-106B A-53B Type: Smls. Smls. ERW SE: 21000 18000 15360 3422 2933 2503 2924 2507 2139 2593 2222 1896 2234 1915 1634 2026 1736 1482 1782 1528 1304 1667 1429 1220 1494 1280 1093 1505 1290 1100 1392 1193 1018 1278 1096 935 1193 1022 872 1141 978 834 1081 926 790 5833 5000 4267 5102 4373 3732 4493 3851 3286 3874 3320 2833 3495 2996 2556 3073 2634 2248 2883 2472 2110 2625 2250 1920 2571 2204 1882 2400 2057 1756 2212 1896 1618 2076 1780 1518 2105 1804 1540 1948 1669 1424 3145 2696 2301 3020 2589 2209 2929 2510 2142 3009 2579 2201 6500 5571 4754 6440 5520 4710 5749 4928 4205 4554 3904 3331 4664 3998 3412 4828 4138 3531 4017 3443 2938 4044 3466 2958 4023 3448 2942 3964 3397 2899 3918 3358 2866 3925 3364 2871

A-53A A-106A Smls. 14400 2347 2005 1778 1532 1390 1222 1144 1025 1032 954 876 818 782 740 4000 3499 3080 2657 2397 2107 1978 1800 1764 1645 1517 1423 1442 1336 2157 2071 2008 2064 4457 4416 3942 3123 3198 3310 2755 2773 2758 2718 2687 2691

A-53A ERW 12240 1995 1704 1511 1302 1181 1038 972 871 877 811 745 693 664 630 3400 2974 2618 2258 2037 1792 1681 1530 1499 1399 1289 1210 1226 1135 1833 1760 1707 1754 3789 3754 3351 2654 2719 2814 2342 2357 2345 2310 2284 2288

A-53F Furnace 8640 1408 1202 1067 919 833 732 686 615 618 572 526 490 469 444 2400 2099 1848 1593 1437 1264 1186 1080 1058 986 909 853 865 801 1293 1242 1204 1237 2674 2649 2365 1874 1918 1986 1652 1663 1654 1630 1611 1614

Note: All dimensions are in inches.

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TABLE 3-1 (Continued) Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Steel Pipe With Threaded End Connections (A = thread depth)

XXS

NPS Pipe Size 1/2 3/4 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 3 4 5 6 8

Wall Thick. (t) 0.294 0.308 0.358 0.382 0.400 0.436 0.552 0.600 0.674 0.750 0.864 0.875

“A” Dim. .057 .057 .070 .070 .070 .070 .100 .100 .100 .100 .100 .100

Grade: Type: SE:

A-53B A-106B Smls. 18000 10157 8606 7884 6766 6253 5548 5660 5143 4592 4206 4152 3235

Note: All dimensions are in inches

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TABLE 3-2 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Steel Pipe with Rolled Groove or Welded End Connections (A = 0)

Sch. 40

Sch. 80

Sch. 120

Sch. 160

NPS Pipe Size 1/4 3/8 1/2 3/4 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 3 4 5 6 8 1/4 3/8 1/2 3/4 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 3 4 5 6 8 4 5 6 8 1/2 3/4 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 3 4 5 6 8

Wall Thick. (t) 0.088 0.091 0.109 0.113 0.133 0.140 0.145 0.154 0.203 0.216 0.237 0.258 0.280 0.322 0.119 0.126 0.147 0.154 0.179 0.191 0.200 0.218 0.276 0.300 0.337 0.375 0.432 0.500 0.437 0.500 0.562 0.718 0.187 0.218 0.250 0.250 0.281 0.343 0.375 0.437 0.531 0.625 0.718 0.906

A-53B Grade: A-106C A-106B A-53B Type: Smls. Smls. ERW SE: 21000 18000 15360 6844 5866 5006 5662 4853 4145 5450 4672 3986 4520 3875 3306 4248 3641 3107 3542 3036 2591 3205 2747 2344 2723 2334 1992 2965 2542 2168 2592 2221 1896 2212 1896 1618 1948 1669 1424 1775 1522 1298 1568 1344 1147 9256 7933 6770 7840 6720 5734 7350 6300 5376 6160 5280 4506 5717 4900 4182 4833 4142 3535 4421 3789 3234 3855 3304 2820 4032 3456 2949 3600 3086 2633 3145 2696 2301 3831 2427 2071 2739 2347 2003 2435 2087 1781 4079 3496 2983 3775 3236 2761 3563 3054 2606 3496 2997 2557 9350 8014 6839 8720 7474 6378 7985 6844 5840 6325 5422 4627 6212 5324 4543 6066 5199 4437 5478 4696 4007 5244 4495 3836 4956 4248 3625 4719 4045 3451 4552 3902 3329 4412 3782 3227

A-53A A-106A A-53A A-53F Smls. ERW Furnace 14400 12240 8640 4693 3989 2816 3883 3300 2329 3737 3176 2242 3100 2634 1860 2912 2475 1747 2429 2064 1457 2197 1868 1319 1867 1588 1120 2033 1728 1220 1777 1511 1066 1516 1289 909 1336 1135 801 1217 1034 730 1075 914 644 6347 5395 3807 5376 4570 3225 5040 4284 3024 4224 3590 2534 3920 3332 2351 3314 2816 1988 3032 2576 1819 2644 2248 1586 2765 2350 1659 2469 2098 1417 2157 1834 1295 1941 1650 1164 1878 1596 1126 1670 1420 1001 2797 2377 1678 2589 2200 1553 2443 2077 1465 2397 2038 1438 6411 5450 3846 5979 5083 3587 5475 4654 3285 4337 3687 2602 4259 3620 2556 4159 3535 2496 3757 3193 2254 3596 3057 2157 3398 2889 2039 3236 2750 1941 3121 2653 1873 3025 2571 1814

Note: All dimensions are in inches.

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TABLE 3-2 (Continued) Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Steel Pipe With Welded End Connections (A = 0)

XXS

NPS Pipe Size 1/2 3/4 1 1-1/4 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 3 4 5 6 8

Wall Thick. (t) 0.294 0.308 0.358 0.382 0.400 0.436 0.552 0.600 0.674 0.750 0.864 0.875

Grade: Type: SE:

A-53B A-106B Smls. 18000 12600 10560 9801 8284 7579 6609 6912 6171 5392 4853 4695 3652

Note: All dimensions are in inches

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TABLE 3-3 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Steel Pipe with Cut Groove End Connections (A = Groove Depth)

Sch. 40

Sch. 80

Sch. 120

Sch. 160

NPS Pipe Size

A-53B A-53A Grade: A-106C A-106B A-53B A-106A A-53A Type: Smls. Smls. ERW Smls. ERW SE: 21000 18000 15360 14400 12240

OD

Wall Thick. (t)

"A" Dim.

A-53F Furnace 8640

1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 8

0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625

0.109 0.113 0.133 0.140 0.145 0.154 0.203 0.216 0.237 0.258 0.280 0.322

0.056 0.056 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.078 0.078 0.083 0.084 0.085 0.092

2650 2280 2236 1948 1813 1609 1826 1656 1437 1314 1236 1120

2271 1954 1916 1670 1554 1379 1565 1419 1232 1126 1060 960

1938 1668 1635 1425 1326 1177 1336 1211 1051 961 904 819

1817 1563 1533 1336 1243 1103 1252 1136 986 901 848 768

1545 1329 1303 1136 1057 938 1064 965 838 766 721 653

1090 938 920 802 746 662 751 681 591 540 509 461

1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 8

0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625

0.147 0.154 0.179 0.191 0.200 0.218 0.276 0.300 0.337 0.375 0.432 0.500

0.056 0.056 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.078 0.078 0.083 0.084 0.085 0.092

4550 3920 3705 3239 3028 2741 2893 2664 2371 2197 2200 1987

3900 3360 3176 2776 2596 2349 2479 2283 2032 1883 1886 1703

3328 2867 2710 2369 2215 2005 2116 1949 1734 1607 1609 1453

3120 2688 2541 2221 2077 1880 1983 1827 1626 1507 1508 1362

2652 2285 2159 1888 1765 1598 1686 1553 1382 1281 1282 1158

1872 1613 1524 1332 1246 1128 1190 1096 975 904 905 817

4 5 6

4.500 5.563 6.625

0.437 0.500 0.562

0.083 0.084 0.085

3304 3141 3024

2832 2692 2592

2417 2297 2212

2266 2154 2074

1926 1831 1763

1359 1292 1244

8

8.625

0.718

0.092

3048

2613

2230

2090

1777

1254

1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 8

0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625

0.187 0.218 0.250 0.250 0.281 0.343 0.375 0.437 0.531 0.625 0.718 0.906

0.056 0.056 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.078 0.078 0.083 0.084 0.085 0.092

6550 6480 5973 4731 4819 4952 4339 4308 4181 4084 4013 3964

5614 5554 5119 4055 4131 4244 3719 3693 3584 3501 3440 3398

4791 4740 4369 3461 3525 3622 3174 3151 3058 2988 2935 2899

4491 4443 4096 3244 3304 3395 2975 2954 2867 2801 2752 2718

3818 3777 3481 2758 2809 2886 2529 2511 2437 2381 2339 2310

2695 2666 2457 1947 1983 2037 1785 1772 1720 1680 1651 1631

Note: Maximum allowable pressure may be limited by the fitting used. All dimensions are in inches. Section 3 / Page 8 of 17

FSSA PDH-01

FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

TABLE 3-4 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Stainless Steel Pipe with Threaded End Connections (A = Thread Depth)

Sch. 40

Sch. 80

Sch. 120

Sch. 160

NPS Pipe Size 1/4 3/8 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 8 1/4 3/8 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 8 4 5 6 8 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 8

OD 0.540 0.675 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625 0.540 0.675 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625

Wall Thick. (t) 0.088 0.091 0.109 0.113 0.133 0.140 0.145 0.154 0.203 0.216 0.237 0.258 0.280 0.322 0.119 0.126 0.147 0.154 0.179 0.191 0.200 0.218 0.276 0.300 0.337 0.375 0.432 0.500 0.437 0.500 0.562 0.718 0.187 0.218 0.250 0.250 0.281 0.343 0.375 0.437 0.531 0.625 0.718 0.906

"A" Dim. 0.044 0.044 0.057 0.057 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.044 0.044 0.057 0.057 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.057 0.057 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100

A-312 A-312 A-312 A-312 Grade: 304 304 304L 304L Type: Smls. Welded Smls. Welded SE: 18840 15960 16080 13680 3070 2601 2620 2229 2624 2223 2239 1905 2333 1976 1991 1694 2010 1702 1715 1459 1805 1529 1541 1311 1589 1346 1356 1154 1487 1260 1269 1080 1333 1129 1137 968 1350 1144 1152 980 1249 1058 1066 907 1147 972 979 833 1070 907 913 777 1024 867 874 743 970 822 828 704 5233 4433 4467 3800 4577 3878 3907 3324 4037 3420 3446 2931 3481 2949 2971 2528 3123 2646 2666 2268 2747 2327 2344 1994 2578 2184 2200 1872 2348 1989 2004 1705 2307 1954 1969 1675 2153 1824 1838 1563 1984 1681 1694 1441 1863 1578 1590 1353 1888 1600 1612 1371 1747 1480 1491 1269 2822 2390 2408 2049 2709 2295 2312 1967 2628 2226 2243 1908 2700 2287 2304 1960 5831 4940 4977 4234 5778 4894 4931 4195 5530 4685 4720 4016 4381 3711 3739 3181 4184 3545 3571 3038 4331 3669 3697 3145 3997 3386 3412 2903 3951 3347 3372 2869 3609 3057 3080 2620 3556 3012 3035 2582 3515 2978 3000 2552 3521 2983 3005 2557

A-312 A-312 A-312 A-312 316 316 316L 316L Smls. Welded Smls. Welded 19440 16560 15960 13560 3168 2699 2601 2210 2707 2306 2223 1888 2407 2050 1976 1679 2074 1766 1702 1446 1863 1587 1529 1299 1640 1397 1346 1144 1535 1307 1260 1071 1375 1171 1129 959 1393 1187 1144 972 1289 1098 1058 899 1184 1008 972 826 1104 941 907 770 1056 900 867 737 1001 852 822 698 5400 4600 4433 3767 4723 4023 3878 3295 4166 3549 3420 2906 3592 3060 2949 2505 3223 2745 2646 2248 2834 2414 2327 1977 2660 2266 2184 1856 2423 2064 1989 1690 2380 2028 1954 1660 2222 1893 1824 1550 2048 1744 1681 1428 1922 1637 1578 1341 1948 1660 1600 1359 1803 1536 1480 1258 2912 2480 2390 2031 2796 2381 2295 1950 2711 2310 2226 1891 2786 2373 2287 1943 6017 5126 4940 4197 5962 5078 4894 4158 5706 4861 4369 3712 4520 3851 3461 2941 4318 3678 3545 3012 4469 3807 3669 3117 4125 3514 3053 2594 4077 3473 3073 2611 3724 3172 3057 2597 3669 3126 3012 2559 3627 3090 2978 2530 3633 3095 2983 2534

Note: Some sizes, grades and schedule combinations may not be commercially available. All dimensions are in inches.

Section 3 / Page 9 of 17

FSSA PDH-01

FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

TABLE 3-5 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Stainless Steel Pipe with Welded End Connections (A = 0)

Sch. 40

Sch. 80

Sch. 120

Sch. 160

NPS Pipe Size 1/4 3/8 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 8 1/4 3/8 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 8 4 5 6 8 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 8

OD 0.540 0.675 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625 0.540 0.675 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625 0.840 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 5.563 6.625 8.625

A-312 A-312 A-312 A-312 A-312 A-312 A-312 A-312 Wall Grade: 304 304 304L 304L 316 316 316L 316L Thick. Type: Smls. Welded Smls. Welded Smls. Welded Smls. Welded (t) SE: 18840 15960 16080 13680 19440 16560 15960 13560 0.088 6140 5202 5241 4459 6336 5397 5202 4420 0.091 5080 4303 4336 3689 5242 4465 4303 3656 0.109 4889 4142 4173 3550 5045 4298 4142 3519 0.113 4055 3435 3461 2944 4184 3564 3435 2919 0.133 3811 3228 3253 2767 3932 3350 3228 2743 0.140 3178 2692 2712 2307 3279 2793 2692 2287 0.145 2876 2436 2454 2088 2967 2528 2436 2070 0.154 2443 2070 2085 1774 2521 2148 2070 1759 0.203 2661 2254 2271 1932 2745 2339 2254 1915 0.216 2325 1970 1985 1689 2399 2044 1970 1674 0.237 1984 1681 1694 1441 2048 1744 1681 1428 0.258 1748 1480 1492 1269 1803 1536 1480 1258 0.280 1593 1349 1359 1156 1643 1400 1349 1146 0.322 1407 1192 1201 1021 1452 1236 1192 1012 0.119 8304 7034 7087 6029 8568 7299 7034 5976 0.126 7034 5958 6003 5107 7258 6182 5958 5062 0.147 6594 5586 5628 4788 6804 5796 5586 4746 0.154 5526 4682 4717 4013 5702 4858 4682 3978 0.179 5129 4345 4378 3724 5292 4508 4345 3692 0.191 4335 3673 3700 3148 4474 3811 3673 3120 0.200 3966 3360 3385 2880 4093 3486 3360 2855 0.218 3459 2930 2952 2511 3569 3040 2930 2489 0.276 3617 3064 3087 2627 3732 3180 3064 2604 0.300 3230 2736 2757 2345 3333 2839 2736 2325 0.337 2822 2390 2408 2049 2912 2480 2390 2031 0.375 2540 2152 2168 1844 2621 2233 2152 1828 0.432 2457 2081 2097 1784 2535 2160 2081 1768 0.500 2184 1850 1864 1586 2254 1920 1850 1572 0.437 3659 3100 3123 2657 3776 3216 3100 2634 0.500 3387 2869 2891 2459 3495 2977 2869 2438 0.562 3196 2708 2728 2321 3298 2810 2708 2301 0.718 3137 2657 2677 2278 3237 2757 2657 2258 0.187 8388 7106 7159 6091 8655 7373 7106 6037 0.218 7823 6627 6677 5680 8072 6876 6627 5631 0.250 7163 6068 6114 5202 7392 6297 6068 5156 0.250 5675 4807 4843 4120 5855 4988 4807 4084 0.281 5573 4721 4756 4046 5750 4898 4721 4011 0.343 5442 4610 4645 3951 5615 4783 4610 3917 0.375 4915 4163 4195 3569 5071 4320 4163 3537 0.437 4705 3985 4015 3416 4854 4135 3985 3386 0.531 4446 3767 3795 3228 4588 3908 3767 3200 0.625 4233 3586 3613 3074 4368 3721 3586 3047 0.718 4084 3459 3485 2965 4214 3589 3459 2939 0.906 3958 3353 3378 2874 4084 3479 3353 2849

Note: Some sizes, grades and schedule combinations may not be commercially available. All dimensions are in inches. Section 3 / Page 10 of 17

FSSA PDH-01

FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

TABLE 3-6 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Steel Tubing with Welded, Brazed, Flared or Compression Fitting Ends (A = 0) Nom. Tube Size

1/4

3/8

1/2

5/8

3/4

OD

Wall Thick. (t)

Grade: A-179 Type: Smls. SE: 14160

A-178 Gr. C ERW 15360

A-178 Gr. A ERW 12000

0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.625

0.022 0.028 0.032 0.035 0.042 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.022 0.028 0.032 0.035 0.049 0.058 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.120 0.035 0.049 0.058 0.065 0.072 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.134 0.156 0.188 0.065

2492 3172 3625 3965 4758 5551 7363 9402 10762 1661 2115 2417 2643 3700 4380 4909 6268 7174 9062 1982 2775 3285 3682 4078 4701 5381 6174 6797 7590 8836 10648 2945

2703 3441 3932 4301 5161 6021 7987 10199 11674 1802 2294 2621 2867 4014 4751 5325 6799 7782 9830 2150 3011 3564 3994 4424 5100 5837 6697 7373 8233 9585 11551 3195

2112 2688 3072 3360 4032 4704 6240 7968 9120 1408 1792 2048 2240 3136 3712 4160 5312 6080 7680 1680 2352 2784 3120 3456 3984 4560 5232 5760 6432 7488 9024 2496

0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750

0.035 0.049 0.058 0.065 0.072 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.134 0.156 0.172 0.188 0.219 0.250

1322 1850 2190 2454 2719 3134 3587 4116 4531 5060 5891 6495 7099 8269 9440

1434 2007 2376 2662 2949 3400 3891 4465 4915 5489 6390 7045 7700 8970 10240

1120 1568 1856 2080 2304 2656 3040 3488 3840 4288 4992 5504 6016 7008 8000

Nom. Tube Size

1

1 1/4

Wall Grade: A-179 Thick. Type: Smls. (t) SE: 14160

A-178 Gr. C ERW 15360

A-178 Gr. A ERW 12000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250

0.028 0.035 0.049 0.058 0.065 0.072 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.134 0.156 0.172 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.281 0.313 0.375 0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.125 0.134 0.156 0.188 0.219 0.250

793 991 1388 1643 1841 2039 2351 2690 3087 3398 3795 4418 4871 5324 6202 7080 7958 8864 10620 793 1110 1473 1880 2152 2470 2719 2832 3036 3534 4259 4962 5664

860 1075 1505 1782 1997 2212 2550 2918 3348 3686 4116 4792 5284 5775 6728 7680 8632 9615 11520 860 1204 1597 2040 2335 2679 2949 3072 3293 3834 4620 5382 6144

672 840 1176 1392 1560 1728 1992 2280 2616 2880 3216 3744 4128 4512 5256 6000 6744 7512 9000 672 941 1248 1594 1824 2093 2304 2400 2573 2995 3610 4205 4800

1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250

0.281 0.313 0.344 0.375 0.438

6366 7091 7794 8496 9923

6906 7692 8454 9216 10764

5395 6010 6605 7200 8410

OD

Section 3 / Page 11 of 17

FSSA PDH-01

FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

TABLE 3-6 (Continued) Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Steel Tubing with Welded, Brazed, Flared or Compression Fitting Ends (A = 0) Nom. Tube Size

1 1/2

1 3/4

2

OD

Wall Thick. (t)

Grade: A-179 Type: Smls. SE: 14160

A-178 Gr. C ERW 15360

A-178 Gr. A ERW 12000

OD

Wall Thick. (t)

Grade: A-179 Type: Smls. SE: 14160

A-178 Gr. C ERW 15360

A-178 Gr. A ERW 12000

1.500 1.500 1.500

0.035 0.049 0.058

661 925 1095

717 1004 1188

2

2.000 2.000 2.000

0.563 0.625 0.750

7972 8850 10620

8648 9600 11520

6756 7500 9000

1.500

0.065

1227

2 1/4

2.250

0.095

1196

1297

1013

1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500

0.072 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.125 0.134 0.156 0.172 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.281 0.313 0.344 0.375 0.438 0.500

2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500

0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.125 0.134 0.148 0.156 0.180 0.188 0.219 0.220 0.250 0.281 0.313

396 555 736 940 1076 1235 1359 1416 1518 1677 1767 2039 2130 2481 2492 2832 3183 3546

430 602 799 1020 1167 1339 1475 1536 1647 1819 1917 2212 2310 2691 2703 3072 3453 3846

336 470 624 797 912 1046 1152 1200 1286 1421 1498 1728 1805 2102 2112 2400 2698 3005

1.750 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

1303

2.500

0.344

3897

4227

3302

420 588 780 996 1140 1308 1440

2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.750

0.375 0.437 0.500 0.563 0.625 0.750 0.109

4248 4950 5664 6378 7080 8496 1123

4608 5370 6144 6918 7680 9216 1218

3600 4195 4800 5405 6000 7200 951

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120 0.125 0.134 0.148 0.156 0.165 0.180 0.188 0.219 0.250 0.281

463 614 784 897 1029 1133 1180 1265 1397 1473 1558 1699 1775 2067 2360 2653

502 666 850 973 1116 1229 1280 1372 1516 1597 1690 1843 1925 2243 2560 2877

392 520 664 760 872 960 1000 1072 1184 1248 1320 1440 1504 1752 2000 2248

Nom. Tube Size

560 784 928

1331

1040

1359 1567 1794 2058 2266 2360 2530 2945 3247 3549 4135 4720 5305 5909 6495 7080 8269 9440

1475 1700 1946 2232 2458 2560 2744 3195 3523 3850 4485 5120 5755 6410 7045 7680 8970 10240

1152 1328 1520 1744 1920 2000 2144 2496 2752 3008 3504 4000 4496 5008 5504 6000 7008 8000

0.095

1537

1668

0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.120

496 694 920 1175 1345 1543 1699

538 753 998 1275 1459 1674 1843

0.125 0.134 0.148 0.156 0.165 0.180 0.188 0.219 0.240 0.250 0.281 0.313 0.344 0.375 0.438 0.500

1770 1897 2096 2209 2336 2549 2662 3101 3398 3540 3979 4432 4871 5310 6202 7080

1920 2058 2273 2396 2534 2765 2888 3364 3686 3840 4316 4808 5284 5760 6728 7680

1500 1608 1776 1872 1980 2160 2256 2628 2880 3000 3372 3756 4128 4500 5256 6000

2 1/2

2 3/4

3

Section 3 / Page 12 of 17

FSSA PDH-01

FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

TABLE 3-6 (Continued) Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Steel Tubing with Welded, Brazed, Flared or Compression Fitting Ends (A = 0)

OD

Wall Thick. (t)

Grade: A-179 Type: Smls. SE: 14160

A-178 Gr. C ERW 15360

A-178 Gr. A ERW 12000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250

0.313 0.344 0.375 0.437 0.500 0.563 0.625 0.688 0.750 0.875 1.000 0.120 0.134 0.148 0.180

2955 3247 3540 4125 4720 5315 5900 6495 7080 8260 9440 1046 1168 1290 1568

3205 3523 3840 4475 5120 5765 6400 7045 7680 8960 10240 1134 1267 1399 1701

2504 2752 3000 3496 4000 4504 5000 5504 6000 7000 8000 886 990 1093 1329

3 1/2

3.500 3.500

0.120 0.134

971 1084

1053 1176

823 919

4

4.000 4.000

0.134 0.148

949 1048

1029 1137

804 888

4 1/2

4.500 4.500

0.134 0.148

843 931

915 1010

715 789

Nom. Tube Size

3

3 1/4

Note: All dimensions are in inches.

Section 3 / Page 13 of 17

FSSA PDH-01

FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

TABLE 3-7 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Stainless Steel Tubing with Welded, Brazed, Flared or Compression Fitting Ends (A = 0)

Nom. Tube Size

1/4

3/8

1/2

3/4

1

1 1/4

OD

A-213 A-269 Wall Grade: 304 Thick. Type: Smls. (t) SE: 18840

A-249 A-213 A-249 A-213 A-269 A-269 A-269 A-269 304 304L 304L 316 Welded Smls. Welded Smls. 15960 16080 13680 19440

A-249 A-213 A-269 A-269 316 316L Welded Smls. 16560 15960

A-249 A-269 316L Welded 13560

0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.250

0.020 0.028 0.032 0.035 0.049 0.065

3014 4220 4823 5275 7385 9797

2554 3575 4086 4469 6256 8299

2573 3602 4116 4502 6303 8362

2189 3064 3502 3830 5363 7114

3110 4355 4977 5443 7620 10109

2650 3709 4239 4637 6492 8611

2554 3575 4086 4469 6256 8299

2170 3037 3471 3797 5316 7051

0.375 0.375 0.375 0.375

0.028 0.035 0.049 0.065

2813 3517 4924 6531

2383 2979 4171 5533

2401 3002 4202 5574

2043 2554 3575 4742

2903 3629 5080 6739

2473 3091 4328 5741

2383 2979 4171 5533

2025 2531 3544 4701

0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500

0.028 0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.120

2110 2638 3693 4898 6255 7159 9043

1788 2234 3128 4150 5299 6065 7661

1801 2251 3152 4181 5339 6110 7718

1532 1915 2681 3557 4542 5198 6566

2177 2722 3810 5054 6454 7387 9331

1855 2318 3246 4306 5498 6293 7949

1788 2234 3128 4150 5299 6065 7661

1519 1898 2658 3526 4502 5153 6509

0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750

0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.120

1758 2462 3266 4170 4773 6029

1490 2085 2766 3532 4043 5107

1501 2101 2787 3559 4074 5146

1277 1788 2371 3028 3466 4378

1814 2540 3370 4303 4925 6221

1546 2164 2870 3665 4195 5299

1490 2085 2766 3532 4043 5107

1266 1772 2350 3001 3435 4339

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.120 0.188 0.250

1319 1846 2449 3127 3580 4522 7084 9420

1117 1564 2075 2649 3032 3830 6001 7980

1126 1576 2090 2669 3055 3859 6046 8040

958 1341 1778 2271 2599 3283 5144 6840

1361 1905 2527 3227 3694 4666 7309 9720

1159 1623 2153 2749 3146 3974 6227 8280

1117 1564 2075 2649 3032 3830 6001 7980

949 1329 1763 2251 2576 3254 5099 6780

1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250

0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.095 0.120 0.188 0.250

1055 1477 1959 2502 2864 3617 5667 7536

894 1251 1660 2119 2426 3064 4801 6384

900 1261 1672 2135 2444 3087 4837 6432

766 1073 1423 1817 2079 2627 4115 5472

1089 1524 2022 2582 2955 3732 5848 7776

927 1298 1722 2199 2517 3180 4981 6624

894 1251 1660 2119 2426 3064 4801 6384

759 1063 1410 1801 2061 2604 4079 5424

Section 3 / Page 14 of 17

FSSA PDH-01

FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003

TABLE 3-7 (Continued) Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) Stainless Steel Tubing with Welded, Brazed, Flared or Compression Fitting Ends (A = 0) A-213 A-249 A-213 A-249 A-213 A-269 A-269 A-269 A-269 A-269 Grade: 304 304 304L 304L 316 Type: Smls. Welded Smls. Welded Smls. SE: 18840 15960 16080 13680 19440

A-249 A-213 A-269 A-269 316 316L Welded Smls. 16560 15960

A-249 A-269 316L Welded 13560

Norm. Tube Size

OD

Wall Thick. (t)

1 1/2

1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500

0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.120 0.188 0.250

879 1231 1633 2085 3014 4723 6280

745 1043 1383 1766 2554 4001 5320

750 1051 1394 1780 2573 4031 5360

638 894 1186 1514 2189 3429 4560

907 1270 1685 2151 3110 4873 6480

773 1082 1435 1833 2650 4151 5520

745 1043 1383 1766 2554 4001 5320

633 886 1175 1501 2170 3399 4520

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

0.035 0.049 0.065 0.083 0.120 0.180 0.188 0.250

659 923 1225 1564 2261 3391 3542 4710

559 782 1037 1325 1915 2873 3000 3990

563 788 1045 1335 1930 2894 3023 4020

479 670 889 1135 1642 2462 2572 3420

680 953 1264 1614 2333 3499 3655 4860

580 811 1076 1374 1987 2981 3113 4140

559 782 1037 1325 1915 2873 3000 3990

475 664 881 1125 1627 2441 2549 3390

2 1/2

2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500

0.049 0.065 0.120 0.188 0.250

739 980 1809 2834 3768

626 830 1532 2400 3192

630 836 1544 2418 3216

536 711 1313 2057 2736

762 1011 1866 2924 3888

649 861 1590 2491 3312

626 830 1532 2400 3192

532 705 1302 2039 2712

3

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

0.065 0.083 0.120 0.188 0.250

816 1042 1507 2361 3140

692 883 1277 2000 2660

697 890 1286 2015 2680

593 757 1094 1715 2280

842 1076 1555 2436 3240

718 916 1325 2076 2760

692 883 1277 2000 2660

588 750 1085 1700 2260

2

Note:

Some sizes, grades and schedule combinations may not be commercially available. Maximum allowable pressure may be limited by the fitting used. All dimensions are in inches.

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TABLE 3-8 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) ASTM B-88 Seamless Copper Water Tubing with Brazed, Flared or Compression Fitting Ends (A = 0) Nom. Tube Size 1/4

3/8

1/2

5/8

3/4

1

1 1/4

1 1/2

2

2 1/2

3

3 1/2

4

5

6

8

Note:

OD

Tube Type

0.375 0.375 0.375 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.625 0.625 0.625 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.875 0.875 0.875 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.375 1.375 1.375 1.625 1.625 1.625 2.125 2.125 2.125 2.625 2.625 2.625 3.125 3.125 3.125 3.625 3.625 3.625 4.125 4.125 4.125 5.125 5.125 5.125 6.125 6.125 6.125 8.125 8.125 8.125

K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M K L M

Wall Grade: B-88 B-88 Thick. Type: Drawn Annealed (t) SE: 10800 6120 0.035 2016 1142 0.030 1728 979 0.025 1440 816 0.049 2117 1200 0.035 1512 857 0.025 1080 612 0.049 1693 960 0.040 1382 783 0.028 968 548 0.049 1411 800 0.042 1210 685 0.032 922 522 0.065 1605 909 0.045 1111 629 0.032 790 448 0.065 1248 707 0.050 960 544 0.035 672 381 0.065 1021 579 0.055 864 490 0.042 660 374 0.072 957 542 0.060 798 452 0.049 651 369 0.083 844 478 0.070 712 403 0.058 590 334 0.095 782 443 0.080 658 373 0.065 535 303 0.109 753 427 0.090 622 353 0.072 498 282 0.120 715 405 0.100 596 338 0.083 495 280 0.134 702 398 0.110 576 326 0.095 497 282 0.160 674 382 0.125 527 299 0.109 459 260 0.192 677 384 0.140 494 280 0.122 430 244 0.271 720 408 0.200 532 301 0.170 452 256

If soldering or brazing drawn (straight) tubing use annealed allowable pressure. Maximum allowable pressure may be limited by the fitting used. All dimensions are in inches.

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TABLE 3-9 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (psig) ASTM B-280 Seamless Copper Refrigeration Tubing with Brazed, Flared or Compression Fitting Ends (A = 0) Nom. Tube Size 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1/8 1 3/8 1 5/8 2 1/8 2 5/8 3 1/8 3 5/8 4 1/8

OD

Tubing Type

Wall Thick. (t)

0.250 0.312 0.375 0.375 0.500 0.500 0.625 0.625 0.750 0.750 0.875 1.125 1.375 1.625 2.125 2.625 3.125 3.625 4.125

Coil Coil Coil Straight Coil Straight Coil Straight Coil Strt./Coil Strt./Coil Strt./Coil Strt./Coil Strt./Coil Straight Straight Straight Straight Straight

0.030 0.032 0.032 0.030 0.032 0.035 0.035 0.040 0.035 0.042 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060 0.070 0.080 0.090 0.100 0.110

Grade: Type: SE:

B-280 B-280 Drawn Annealed 10800 6120 (Straight) (Coil)

1728 1512 1382 1210 1111 960 864 798 712 658 622 596 576

1469 1255 1044 979 783 857 685 783 571 685 629 544 490 452 403 373 353 338 326

Note: If soldering or brazing drawn (straight) tubing use annealed allowable pressure. Maximum allowable pressure may be limited by the fitting used. All dimensions are in inches.

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4.0 PIPE & TUBING FITTINGS – RATED WORKING PRESSURE The tables found in this section include data that is representative of typical pressuretemperature ratings for several types of pipe fittings commonly used in the agent distribution piping of special hazard fire suppression systems. These tables provide guidance to assist the system designer in selection of pipe fittings used in a particular application. It is recommended that the maximum allowable pressure ratings be verified with the fitting manufacturer for the type of fittings being used. In addition, the pipe fitting requirements specified in the suppression system equipment manufacturer's listed design manual, and in the applicable NFPA Standards, should also be consulted. If there are differences between the rated working pressure values shown in the tables of this section, and the fittings specified in the equipment manufacturer’s listed manual or in the applicable NFPA Standards, then the fitting requirements shown in the equipment manufacturer’s manual and/or the applicable NFPA Standard shall take precedent. Fittings shall have a minimum rated working pressure equal to or greater than the minimum piping design working pressure specified in Appendix A of this document, for the agent being used. The following tables provide values of maximum allowable working pressure for various types of fittings. •

Table 4-1: Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings

•

Table 4-2: Grooved Fittings and Couplings

•

Table 4-3: Forged Steel Threaded Fittings

•

Table 4-4: Forged Carbon Steel Flanges

•

Table 4-5: Ductile Iron Fittings

•

Table 4-6: Stainless Steel Threaded Fittings

•

Table 4-7: Carbon Steel Welded Fittings

TABLE 4-1 MALLEABLE IRON THREADED FITTINGS Reference: ANSI B16.3 MAXIMUM RATED PRESSURE NPS FITTING SIZE

SERVICE TEMPERATURE

FITTING

DEGREES F.

CLASS

1/4" to 1"

-20 TO 150 -20 TO 150

150 lb. Class (PSIG) 300 lb. Class (PSIG)

300 2000

1 1/4" to 2" 2 1/2" to 4" 300 1500

300 1000

5" to 8" 300 800

Note: 300 lb. Class street elbows are not recommended for pressures above 600 psi.

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TABLE 4-1 (Continued) Reference: ANSI B16.39 UNIONS & UNION FITTINGS CLASS CLASS 150 250

CLASS 300

Nonshock Cold Water, Oil or Gas (PSIG) 300 500

600

TABLE 4-2 GROOVED FITTINGS AND COUPLINGS MANUFACTURER AND TYPE Victaulic

NPS PIPE SIZE

RATED WORKING PRESSURE PSI

Grooved Fittings Style 005 Rigid FireLock Coupling

3/4" - 8" 1 ¼” - 4”

500 350

Style 07 Zero-flex Rigid Coupling

1" - 6"

500

3/4" - 8" 1" - 4" 5” – 8” 2" - 6" 2 1/2" - 8"

500 500 450 750 500

1" - 8" 1" - 4" 6" - 8" 1" - 8" 2" - 8" 1 1/2" - 2 1/2" 3” - 4” 5” - 6” 8”

500 500 500 500 500 750 600 500 450

Style 77 Flexible Coupling Style 75 Style HP-70 Rigid Style 743 Vic-Flange Gruvlok Grooved Fittings Fig. 7000 Coupling Fig. 7000 Coupling Fig. 7001 Standard Coupling Fig. 7013 Flange Fig. 7401 Rigidlok

Note: Underwriters Laboratories has indicated that listed rubber gasketed fittings (couplings and fittings rated to 500 PSI minimum) that are not under continuous exposure to HFC227ea, and are downstream of the pressure reducing device, can be utilized in 360 psi HFC-227ea fixed extinguishing systems.

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TABLE 4-3 FORGED STEEL THREADED FITTINGS Reference: ANSI B16.11 SERVICE TEMPERATURES DEGREES F. -20 to 150

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE NON-SHOCK PRESSURE RATINGS (PSIG) Class 2000 Class 3000 Class 6000 2000 PSI or rating of 3000 PSI or rating of 6000 PSI or rating of Sch. 80 smls. pipe of Sch. 160 smls. pipe of XXS smls. pipe of the the same material the same material same material

TABLE 4-4 FORGED STEEL FLANGES WITH STANDARD FACINGS (OTHER THAN RING JOINTS) Reference: ANSI B16.5 Material ASTM A-105 SERVICE TEMPERATURES DEGREES F. -20 to 200

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE NON-SHOCK PRESSURE RATINGS (PSIG) @ PRIMARY SERVICE PRESSURE RATING 150 LB 260

300 LB 675

400 LB 900

600 LB 1,350

900 LB 2,025

1500 LB 3,375

2500 LB 5,625

Note: The pressure ratings of forged steel flanges are dependent on the type of gasket facing and the ASTM Grade of material used.

TABLE 4-5 DUCTILE IRON PIPE FITTINGS WORKING PRESSURES, NONSHOCK (PSIG) TEMPERATURE DEGREES F. -20 TO 150

CLASS 150 FLANGED FITTINGS 1” – 6” 250

CLASS 300 THREADED FITTINGS ½” – 6” 500

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TABLE 4-6 STAINLESS STEEL THREADED FITTINGS Reference: ASTM A-16.2, ANSI B16.11 TEMPERATURE DEGREES F.

-20 to 150

WORKING PRESSURE RATING NON-SHOCK (PSIG) Class 150 Class 2000 Class 3000 Class 6000 1/8” – 4” NPT 1/8” – 4” NPT 1/8” – 4” NPT 1/8” – 4” NPT 300 2000 PSI or rating of 3000 PSI or rating of 6000 or rating of XXS Sch. 80 smls. pipe of Sch. 160 smls. pipe of smls. pipe of the same the same material the same material material

TABLE 4-7a STANDARD WEIGHT – CARBON STEEL BUTTWELD FITTINGS Reference: ANSI B16.9

SIZE OF FITTING INCHES

*WALL THICKNESS INCHES

**WORKING PRESSURE PSIG AT THE FAHRENHEIT TEMPERATURES INDICATED)

1/2" 3/4" 1" 1 - 1/4" 1 - 1/2" 2" 2 - 1/2" 3" 3 - 1/2" 4" 5" 6" 8"

0.109 0.113 0.133 0.140 0.145 0.154 0.203 0.216 0.226 0.237 0.258 0.280 0.322

-20 to 650 ºF 1695 1455 1575 1065 1005 900 1215 1095 1020 975 885 840 765

Note: * Nominal wall thickness that corresponds to Schedule 40 steel pipe. **The pressure rating is dependent on the ASTM Grade of material and schedule of seamless pipe used.

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TABLE 4-7b EXTRA STRONG – CARBON STEEL BUTTWELD FITTINGS Reference: ANSI B16.9

SIZE OF FITTING INCHES

*WALL THICKNESS INCHES

1/2" 3/4" 1" 1 - 1/4" 1 - 1/2" 2" 2 - 1/2" 3" 3 - 1/2" 4" 5" 6" 8"

0.147 0.154 0.179 0.191 0.200 0.218 0.276 0.300 0.318 0.337 0.375 0.432 0.500

**WORKING PRESSURE (PSIG AT THE FAHRENHEIT TEMPERATURES INDICATED) -20 to 650 ºF. 3030 2595 2610 1935 1815 1665 1935 1770 1665 1590 1470 1470 1350

Note: *Nominal wall thickness that corresponds to Schedule 80 steel pipe. **The pressure rating is dependent on the ASTM Grade of material and schedule of seamless pipe used.

TABLE 4-7c FORGED STEEL SOCKET-WELD FITTINGS Reference: ANSI B16.11 TEMPERATURE Degree F

-20 to 650

WORKING PRESSURE NON-SHOCK (PSIG) Class 3000 1/8" - 4" NPT 3000 PSI or rating of Sch. 160 smls. pipe of the same material

Class 6000 1/8" - 4" NPT 6000 PSI or rating of XXS smls. pipe of the same material

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COMPRESSION-TYPE TUBE FITTINGS Tube fittings are rated to the maximum working pressure of tubing as shown in tables 3-6, 3-7, 3-8 and 3-9 of this document. Compression fittings that have NPT (female or male) pipe threads are an exception and the fitting manufacturer shall be consulted. The manufacturer of compression fittings being considered for use, should be consulted prior to the use of the fittings with hard drawn copper tubing. Most manufacturers require the tubing be “soft annealed” copper to ensure safe, reliable, leak-free connections. In addition, the metal tubing material should be softer than the fitting material. (For example: stainless steel tubing should not be used with brass fittings)

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5.0 PIPE DESIGN GUIDELINGS FOR CLOSED SECTIONS OF PIPE 5.1

INTRODUCTION

Many of the NFPA Fire Extinguishing System Standards state in part that: In sections where valve arrangement introduces sections of closed piping, such sections shall be equipped with pressure relief devices, or the valves shall be designed to prevent entrapment of the extinguishing agent. These “closed sections of pipe” historically have been located between the agent containers and stop valves. In this scenario the possibility exists that extinguishing agent may be trapped in this section from actuation of the system agent containers. Because of this possibility, pressure relief devices are required to be installed in these pipe sections, in order to prevent over pressurization, in the event of high temperature exposure, and/or liquid full conditions that may occur when liquefied extinguishing agents are used. The pressure relief devices are designed to operate at higher than normal pressure. The operating range of these relief devices may be specified in the applicable NFPA Standard, or the equipment Manufacturer’s Listed Design Manual.

5.2

DESIGN GUIDELINES

The following guidelines are recommended for the design of “closed sections of pipe” that are equipped with pressure relief devices, unless specified otherwise in the applicable NFPA Standard, or as may be specified in the Equipment Manufacturer’s Listed Design Manual.

5.2.1 Select the proper pressure relief device as specified in the applicable NFPA Standard, the manufacturer’s design manual, and/or other applicable standards.

5.2.1.1 The minimum allowable working pressure of the pipe must be equal to or greater than the maximum operating pressure of the pressure relief device.

5.2.1.2 From the pipe tables in Section 3 select the desired type pipe that has a maximum allowable working pressure equal to or greater than the maximum operating pressure of the pressure relief device.

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6.0 PIPE SUPPORTS AND HANGERS 6.1 The scope of this section provides general information and guidelines for the selection and application of pipe supports and/or hangers utilized with special hazard fire suppression systems. Pipe supports and hangers shall be capable of supporting the pipe in all conditions of operation, including shock loads or thrusts created by system discharge. These general guidelines are not intended to provide all information necessary to determine equipment and material requirements for specific installations or applications. Specific installation guidelines, as provided by the manufacturer of pipe supports and/or pipe support systems, shall be followed. The design examples provided in this section are typical of installations in the industry. Load calculations have not been performed for any examples shown. 6.1.1 Conventional hanger design which is generally accepted as good practice, using standard stock or production units, as manufactured by recognized manufacturers, shall be utilized whenever possible. 6.1.2 All piping must be solidly anchored to walls, ceiling structure, floors, or columns by angle iron brackets, channels / struts or equivalent brackets where longitudinal or lateral sway may occur. Particular attention must be paid to the bracing of all changes in piping direction, nozzle piping and header piping. As a minimum, rigid pipe supports shall be provided at all locations where piping changes direction (See Figure 6-1).

FIGURE 6-1 Notes: 1. Actual number of braces will depend upon piping and nozzle arrangement. 2. Nozzles with different orifice orientation may require different types of bracing to counter thrusts due to direction of agent discharge (Example: 360o, 180o, and orifices angled off the horizontal).

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6.1.3 Pipe support components shall be steel and adequate to support the pipe in response to movements created by changing thermal conditions, and to allow for free and ample movement for contraction except where anchored, thereby preventing excessive stress. Consideration should be given to avoidance of rigidly restraining both ends of long pipe runs subject to expansion or contraction. Either one or the other end of the pipe run should be supported with an intermediate type hanger which will allow free movement of the piping and to avoid buckling or separation due to expansion or contraction. 6.1.4 Where rod type hangers are permitted for intermediate support between rigid supports, they shall be steel clevis or steel band hangers of the proper size for the supported pipe and with solid bar-type hanger rod. Hanger rods shall not be subjected to stresses due to bending. 6.1.5 Grooved pipe, fittings, and couplings must be supported and anchored exactly per the manufacturer’s specification. Installation shall be such as to allow for contraction over the anticipated temperature range and pressure thrusts. Consideration should be given to provide a minimum of two hangers per length of grooved pipe to avoid injury or accident during installation or maintenance of piping. No grooved pipe length should be left unsupported between any two couplings. 6.1.6 Cast iron supports, conduit clamps or “C” clamps shall not be used to support piping. All parts of the supporting equipment shall be fabricated, assembled and installed so that they will not be disengaged by movement of the supported pipe. Drilling of, welding or the use of beam clamps are acceptable means of attaching hangers to the building structure. A pipeline is not to be supported from another pipeline. 6.1.7 All pipe supports shall be installed to avoid interference with other piping, hangers, electrical conduit, and supports or building structure and equipment. 6.1.8 Supports shall be sufficiently close together to avoid excessive bending stresses from concentrated loads between supports. (Refer to Table 6-1, Maximum Horizontal Spacing Between Pipe Supports for Screwed, Welded, Or Grooved Pipe with Rod Diameters and Table 6-2, Maximum Horizontal Spacing Between Tubing Supports with Rod Diameters.) 6.1.9 When using concrete inserts or power driven studs, the manufacturer’s specifications must be followed. Consideration should be given to minimum and maximum engagement depths, edge distances, minimum spacing of anchors in the concrete and the quality of the concrete. 6.1.10 When using channel / strut refer to manufacturer information for limitations. 6.1.11 Consideration shall be given to providing ring inserts to resist galvanic corrosion when piping and hanger rings or U-bolts are of dissimilar metals. 6.1.12 For guidelines on the application of seismic bracing and supports refer to the following documents: 9 MSS SP-127-2001 Bracing for Piping Systems Seismic – Wind – Dynamic Design, Selection, Application – Latest Edition 9 NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems – Latest Edition 9 State and Local Building Codes – Latest Edition

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6.2 Following are eighteen (18) examples of rigid pipe hangers. Specific installation guidelines, as provided by the manufacturer of pipe supports and/or pipe support systems, shall be followed. 6.2.1 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.2 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.3 Typical Rigid Support

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6.2.4 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.5 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.6 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.7 Typical Rigid Support

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6.2.8 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.9 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.10 Typical Rigid Support

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6.2.11 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.12 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.13 Typical Rigid Support

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6.2.14 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.15 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.16 Typical Rigid Support

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6.2.17 Typical Rigid Support

6.2.18 Typical Rigid Support

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6.3 Following are eleven (11) examples of intermediate pipe hangers. Specific installation guidelines, as provided by the manufacturer of pipe supports and/or pipe support systems, shall be followed. 6.3.1 Typical Intermediate Support

6.3.2 Typical Intermediate Support

6.3.3 Typical Intermediate Support

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6.3.4 Typical Intermediate Support

6.3.5 Typical Intermediate Support

6.3.6 Typical Intermediate Support

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6.3.7 Typical Intermediate Support

6.3.8 Typical Intermediate Support

6.3.9 Typical Intermediate Support

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6.3.10 Typical Intermediate Support

6.3.11 Typical Intermediate Support

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TABLE 6-1 MAXIMUM HORIZONTAL SPACING BETWEEN PIPE SUPPORTS FOR SCREWED, WELDED, OR GROOVED PIPE WITH ROD DIAMETERS Reference: MSS SP-69-1996 Distance Pipe Between Rod Size Supports Diameter (inches) (feet) (inches) ¼” 7 3/8 ½” 7 3/8 ¾” 7 3/8 1” 7 3/8 1 ¼” 7 3/8 1 ½” 9 3/8 2” 10 3/8 2 ½” 11 1/2 3” 12 1/2 4” 14 5/8 5” 16 5/8 6” 17 3/4 8” 19 3/4

Note: “C” Clamps are not acceptable to support rod hangers TABLE 6-2 MAXIMUM HORIZONTAL SPACING BETWEEN TUBING SUPPORTS WITH ROD DIAMETERS Reference: MSS SP-69-1996 Distance Tubing Between Rod Size Supports Diameter (inches) (feet) (inches) ¼” 5 3/8 ½” 5 3/8 ¾” 5 3/8 1” 6 3/8 1 ¼” 7 3/8 1 ½” 8 3/8 2” 8 3/8 2 ½” 9 1/2 3” 10 1/2 4” 12 1/2 5” 13 1/2 6” 14 5/8 8” 16 3/4

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APPENDIX A A.0

PIPE REQUIREMENTS FOR FSSA EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER’S ENGINEERED SYSTEMS

A.1

MANUFACTURER’S SUPPRESSION SYSTEM PARAMETERS Product Trade Name

Cylinder Pressure

Maximum Operating

Psi @ 70ºF

Temp. ºF

CO2

Ansul Chemetron Fike Kidde Ansul

850 850 850 850 300

130 130 130 130 130

System Type

CO2 High Press.

Manufacturer

Min Pipe Design Working Pressure per NFPA (PSI) NFPA 12 NFPA 12 NFPA 12 NFPA 12 350

Manufacturer Specs: Pipe (1a, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,8) (1a, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,8) (1a, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,8) (1a, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,8) (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)

Low Press.

Chemetron

300

130

350

(1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)

Dry Chemical

Ansul

205

120

215

(1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)

FK-5-12 HFC-125

Ansul Fike Chemetron Fenwal Fike Kidde Pyro Chem Siemens

Novec 1230 ECARO-25 FM-200 FM-200 FE-227 FM-200 FM-200 FM-200

360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360

130 120 130 130 130 130 130 130

416 500 416 416 416 416 416 416

(1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)

Kidde

FE-13

686

130

(Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) Chemetron (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.)

Argon

2370

2370

(2, 3, 4, 5)

Argon

2964

130 Per Calcs 130 Per Calcs

2964

(2, 3, 4, 5)

2900

130 Per Calcs

2900

(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)

2900

130 Per Calcs 130 Per Calcs

2900

(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)

2404

(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)

2175

130 Per Calcs

2175

(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)

2900

130 Per Calcs

2900

(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)

N/A N/A

130 130

N/A N/A

Corro-Proof, PPC Corro-Proof, PPC

HFC-227ea

HFC-23

IG-01

IG-55

IG 100

IG-541

Water Mist

Fike (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) Ansul (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) Ansul (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) Chemetron Fike

927 to 1,371 (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) (See Note 10)

Argonite

ProInert

Nitrogen

2404

Inergen

Inergen

MicroMist

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Piping & Fitting Notes: 1) Schedule 40 pipe 1a) Schedule 40 pipe, ¾” and smaller 2) Schedule 80 pipe 3) Schedule 160 pipe 4) ASTM A-106, Seamless, Grade C 5) ASTM A-53/A-106, Seamless, Grade B 6) ASTM A-53/A-106, Seamless, Grade A 7) ASTM A-53, ERW, Grade B 8) ASTM A-53, ERW, Grade A 9) ASTM A-53, Class F, Furnace Weld 10) For HFC-23 systems the pipe minimum design pressure rating depends on the cylinder fill density, determined in accordance with NFPA 2001 Section 2-2.1.1, as follows: Fill Density (lb/ft3) Minimum Design Pressure (psig) 48 1,371 45 1,248 40 1,106 35 1,007 30 927 PPC: Power Piping Code; ANSI B31.1 Note:

Appendix A includes piping parameters for “engineered” systems. Pre-engineered and pre-calc systems have pre-selected parameters and therefore are not included in this section.

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APPENDIX B B.1

PIPE FITTINGS FOR USE IN CLEAN AGENT SYSTEM PIPING

Fittings that are acceptable for use in clean agent systems are found in Table B.1 and Table B.2. The fittings shown in these tables are based on use in open ended piping systems. For fittings used in closed sections of pipe, Section 5 of this Handbook should be consulted.

TABLE B.1 Pipe Fittings for Use in Clean Agent Systems (Note 1) Pressure in Agent Container o at 70 F (up to and including) (psig) 360

Fitting Minimum Design Pressure o At 70 F (Note 2) (psig) 416 500 for HFC-125

600

820

HFC-23

609

1,371 (Note 4)

IG-541

2,175

Clean Agent

All Halocarbon Agents (Except HFC-23)

2,900

IG-01

2,370

2,964

2,175 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 2,900 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 2,370 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 2,964 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5)

Minimum Acceptable Fittings

Maximum Pipe Size

Class 300-lb. thrd. malleable iron. Class 300-lb. thrd. ductile iron. Groove type fittings (Note 3). Class 300-lb. flanged joints. Class 300-lb. thrd. malleable iron Class 2,000-lb. thrd./weld F.S. Class 400-lb. flanged joint Class 300-lb. thrd. malleable iron Class 2,000-lb. thrd./weld F.S. Class 600-lb. flanged joint Class 2,000-lb. thrd. forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S Class 1,500-lb. flanged joint

(NPS) 6” 6” 6” All 4” All All 2” All All 2-1/2” All All

(Note 5)

(Note 5)

Class 2,000-lb. thrd. forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd./weld F.S. Class 1,500-lb. flanged joint (Note 5)

(Note 5)

Class 2,000-lb. thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S. Class 1,500-lb. flanged joint (Note 5)

1-1/2” All All (Note 5)

Class 2,000-lb. thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S. Class 1,500-lb. flanged joint (Note 5)

1” All All

1” All All (Note 5)

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TABLE B.1 Clean Agent System Pipe Fittings (Note 1) (Continued)

Clean Agent

IG-55

Pressure in Agent Container o at 70 F (up to and including) (psig) 2,175

2,900

4,350

Fitting Minimum Design Pressure o o At 70 F (21 C) (Note 2) (psig) 2,175 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 2,900 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 4,350 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5)

Minimum Acceptable Fittings

Class 2,000-lb. thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S. Class 1,500-lb. flanged joint (Note 5)

(NPS) 2-1/2” All All (Note 5)

Class 2,000-lb. thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S. Class 1,500-lb. flanged joint (Note 5)

1” All All (Note 5)

Class 3,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S. Class 6,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S. Class 2,500-lb. flanged joint (Note 5)

Maximum Pipe Size

1” All All (Note 5)

Section 8 / Page 2 of 4

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TABLE B.1 Clean Agent System Pipe Fittings (Note 1) (Continued)

Clean Agent

IG-100

Pressure in Agent Container o at 70 F (up to and including) (psig) 2,404

3,236

4,061

Fitting Minimum Design Pressure o At 70 F (Note 2) (psig) 2,404 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 3,236 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 4,061 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5)

Minimum Acceptable Fittings

Class 2,000-lb. thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S. Class 1,500-lb. flanged joint (Note 5)

(NPS) 1-1/2” All All Note 5)

Class 2,000-lb. thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S Class 1,500-lb.flanged joint (Note 5)

3/4” All All (Note 5)

Class 3,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S. Class 6,000-lb. thrd/weld F.S. Class 2,500-lb. flanged joint (Note 5)

Maximum Pipe Size

1” All All (Note 5)

Notes: 1. All fitting ratings shown are based on open ended piping systems. 2. Minimum design pressures are taken from Table 2-2.1.1(a) and Table 2-2.1.1(b) of NFPA2001. 3. Check with grooved fitting manufacturers for pressure ratings. 4. This value good for all fill densities up to 48 lb/ft3. 5. The minimum design pressure, for fittings downstream of the pressure reducer, should be determined by system flow calculations. Acceptable pipe fittings for several values of pressures downstream of the pressure reducer can be found in Table B.2. 6. The materials shown in Tables B.1 and B.2 do not preclude the use of other materials and other types and style of fittings that satisfy the pressure requirements. 7. The pressure ratings of the forged steel threaded or welded fittings are based on the pressure equivalent of the numerical class of the fitting or on the pressure rating of ASTM A-106, Grade B seamless steel pipe, whichever is higher.

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TABLE B.2 Pipe Fittings for use in Inert Gas Systems Downstream of the Pressure Reducer Maximum Pressure Downstream of the Pressure Reducer o At 70 F (up to and including) (psig) 1,000

1,350

1,500

2,000

Minimum Acceptable Fittings

Class 300-lb. thrd. malleable iron Class 2,000-lb. thrd/welded forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/welded forged steel Class 600-lb. flanged joint Class 300-lb. thrd. malleable iron Class 2,000-lb. thrd/welded forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/welded forged steel Class 600-lb. flanged joint Class 300-lb. thrd. malleable iron Class 2,000-lb. thrd/welded forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/welded forged steel Class 900-lb. flanged joint Class 300-lb. thrd. malleable iron Class 2,000-lb. thrd/welded forged steel Class 3,000-lb. thrd/welded forged steel Class 900-lb. flanged joint

Maximum Pipe Size (NPS) 4” All All All 2” All All All 2” All All All 1” All All All

Section 8 / Page 4 of 4

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APPENDIX C C.0

REFERENCES

C.1

PUBLICATIONS 1.

ASME B31.1 – 1998 Edition, Power Piping Code ♦ ASME B31.1a – 1999 Addenda, issued November 30, 1999 ♦ ASME B31.1b – 2000 Addenda, issued September 15, 2000

2.

ASME B 16.3 – 1998 Edition, Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings

3.

ASME B 16.11 – 1996 Edition, Forged Steel Fittings – Socket-Welding and Threaded

4.

National Fire Protection Association Standards ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦

5.

NFPA-12 Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems, 2000 Edition NFPA-12A Standard on Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Systems, 1997 Edition NFPA-17 Standard on Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems, 1998 Edition NFPA 750 Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems, 2000 Edition NFPA-2001 Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, 2000 Edition American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Specifications For:

♦ ASTM A53 – Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless ♦ ASTM A106 – Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service ♦ ASTM A178 – Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Tubes ♦ ASTM A179 – Seamless Cold Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tubes ♦ ASTM A213 – Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy – Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat Exchanger Tubes ♦ ASTM A249 – Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes ♦ ASTM A269 – Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service ♦ ASTM A312 – Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe ♦ ASTM B88 – Seamless Copper Water Tube ♦ ASTM B280 – Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Service 6.

Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. ♦ MSS SP-127-2001 – Bracing For Piping Systems Seismic – Wind – Dynamic Design, Selection, Application

Section 9 / Page 1 of 2

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To order copies of the referenced publications, contact: a. ASME International 22 Law Drive P.O. Box 2900 Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900 Phone: 800-843-2763 973-882-1167 Fax: 973-882-1717 Website: asme.org b. NFPA Standards National Fire Protection Association 11 Tracy Drive Avon, MA 02322-9908 Phone: 800-344-3555 Fax: 800-593-6372 Website: www.nfpa.org c. ASTM Standards American Society for Testing and Materials 100 Bar Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 Phone: 610-832-9585 Website: astm.org d. Manufacturers Standardization Society 127 Park Street, N.E. Vienna, VA 22180 Phone: 703-281-6613 Website: www.mss-hq.com

Section 9 / Page 2 of 2