Four Level Analysis

Four-Level Analysis Practice Sentences

Michael Clay Thompson

rfwp.com Wednesday, August 17, 11

I have had many requests from those who use the MCT texts for grammar analysis sentences in a digital form that can be used with a computer or projector. Accordingly, here are some sentences in a pdf that should work on any computer. MCT Wednesday, August 17, 11

PART ONE These first sentences are limited to one- and two-level analysis and are suitable for younger students who are not yet using Grammar Island.

Wednesday, August 17, 11

ONE-LEVEL ANALYSIS

Wednesday, August 17, 11

The

big

dog

saw

her.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The

big

dog

adj.

adj.

n.

saw v.

her. pron.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

He

ate

two

cookies.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

He

ate

two

cookies.

pron.

v.

adj.

n.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Jane

is

a

good

friend.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Jane n.

is v.

a adj.

good

friend.

adj.

n.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A

big

dog

barked

loudly.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A

big

dog

barked

loudly.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adv.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two dogs barked

at

the

moon.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two dogs barked adj.

n.

v.

at prep.

the

moon.

adj.

n.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Oh,

I

never wanted

any

soup.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Oh, interj.

I pron.

never wanted adv.

v.

any

soup.

adj.

n.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Joe and

I

asked

for a bigger boat.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Joe and n.

conj.

I pron.

asked v.

for a bigger boat. prep.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Alex ran up the hill, but Sarah laughed. ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Alex ran up the hill, but Sarah laughed. n.

v.

prep.

adj.

n.

conj.

n.

v.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Randolph

is

my

best

friend.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Randolph

is

my

best

friend.

n.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The very old tree lost its leaves slowly. ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The very old tree lost its leaves slowly. adj.

adv.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

adv.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Golgrich was the very man

we

asked.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Golgrich was the very man n.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

we

asked.

pron.

v.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The rude comment offended

you and me.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The rude comment offended adj.

adj.

n.

v.

you and me. pron.

conj.

pron.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The rude comment offended adj.

adj.

n.

v.

you and me. pron.

conj.

pron.

____________________________________

It must be you and me, not you and I, because a direct object uses object pronouns.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A

slippery fish wiggled

across the deck.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A adj.

slippery fish wiggled adj.

n.

v.

across the deck. prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

TWO-LEVEL ANALYSIS Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Hard rain fell from the dark clouds. ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Hard rain fell from the dark clouds. adj.

n.

v.

prep.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Hard rain fell from the dark clouds. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

prep.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Hard rain fell from the dark clouds. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

prep.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ The object of a preposition, clouds, cannot also be a direct object. AVP means action verb predicate.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The big, blue wave struck

the

ship.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The big, blue wave struck adj.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

the adj.

ship. n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The big, blue wave struck adj.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

the adj.

ship. n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

D.O.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The leader

of

the Gauls

is

a

warrior.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The leader adj.

n.

of prep.

the Gauls adj.

n.

is

a

warrior.

v.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The leader adj.

n.

of prep.

the Gauls adj.

n.

is

a

warrior.

v.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The leader adj.

n.

of prep.

the Gauls adj.

n.

is

a

warrior.

v.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ The subject of the sentence is leader, not Gauls. The object of a preposition cannot also be the subject of the sentence. LVP means linking verb predicate. S.C. means subject complement.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The red dog carefully smelled the squirrel. ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The red dog carefully smelled the squirrel. adj.

adj.

n.

adv.

v.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The red dog carefully smelled the squirrel. adj.

adj.

n.

adv.

v.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

D.O.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The red dog carefully smelled the squirrel. adj.

adj.

n.

adv.

v.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

D.O.

____________________________________ Notice that smelled is here an action verb; the dog is smelling something.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The blue flowers smelled good. ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The blue flowers smelled good. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The blue flowers smelled good. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The blue flowers smelled good. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ In this sentence smelled is a linking verb. Flowers do not have noses, and they are not performing an action. The logic of the sentence is an equation: the flowers are good in smell. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A very funny rabbit hopped

on

the path.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A very funny rabbit hopped

on

adj.

prep.

adv.

adj.

n.

v.

the path. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A very funny rabbit hopped

on

adj.

prep.

adv.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

the path. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A very funny rabbit hopped

on

adj.

prep.

adv.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

the path. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ We have an action verb, but there is no direct object because the verb does not transfer the action to anything.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

She gave

me

a

good book about Rome.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

She gave pron.

v.

me

a

pron.

adj.

good book about Rome. adj.

n.

prep.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

She gave

me

a adj.

pron.

v.

pron.

subj.

AVP

I.O.

good book about Rome. adj.

n.

prep.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

She gave

me

a adj.

pron.

v.

pron.

subj.

AVP

I.O.

good book about Rome. adj.

n.

prep.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ An indirect object is a noun or object pronoun that is located between the action verb and the direct object. It does not receive the action, but it is indirect affected by the action. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

You and

I

will go to the opera on Monday.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

You and pron. conj.

I pron.

will go to the opera on Monday. v.

v.

prep.

adj.

n.

prep.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

You and pron. conj.

I pron.

will go to the opera on Monday. v.

v.

prep.

adj.

n.

prep.

n.

____________________________________

----------subj.----------

-----AVP-----

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

You and pron. conj.

I pron.

will go to the opera on Monday. v.

v.

prep.

adj.

n.

prep.

n.

____________________________________

----------subj.----------

-----AVP-----

____________________________________ Here we see a compound subject and a future tense verb.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

I will go to Greece if you will come too. ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

I will go to Greece if you will come too. pron.

v.

v.

prep.

n.

conj.

pron.

v.

v.

adv.

____________________________________

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

I will go to Greece if you will come too. pron.

v.

v.

prep.

n.

conj.

pron.

v.

v.

adv.

____________________________________

subj.

-----AVP-----

subj.

--------AVP-------

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

I will go to Greece if you will come too. pron.

v.

v.

prep.

n.

conj.

pron.

v.

v.

adv.

____________________________________

subj.

-----AVP-----

subj.

--------AVP-------

____________________________________ The word if is a subordinating conjunction.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

No,

we

never wanted any blue flowers.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

No,

we

interj.

pron.

never wanted any blue flowers. adv.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

No,

we

interj.

pron.

never wanted any blue flowers. adv.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

D.O.

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

PART TWO Here are four-level analysis sentences, organized by book, for students using the MCT texts.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Wednesday, August 17, 11

A

big flight

of

ducks flies overhead.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A adj.

big flight adj.

n.

of prep.

ducks flies overhead. n.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A adj.

big flight adj.

n.

of prep.

ducks flies overhead. n.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A adj.

big flight adj.

n.

of prep.

ducks flies overhead. n.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

____________________________________ ----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A adj.

big flight adj.

n.

of prep.

ducks flies overhead. n.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

____________________________________ ----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A adj.

big flight adj.

n.

of prep.

ducks flies overhead. n.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

____________________________________ ----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________ A prepositional phrase comes between the subject and its verb: flight flies.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away. ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away. adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

conj.

adj.

n.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

conj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adv.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

conj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adv.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

conj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adv.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ --------------------clause------------------------------------clause-------------compound sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A frog ate the flea, and the fly flew away. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

conj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adv.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ --------------------clause------------------------------------clause-------------compound sentence

____________________________________ An action verb might or might not lead to a direct object.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The noisy intruder was a small, green frog. ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The noisy intruder was a small, green frog. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The noisy intruder was a small, green frog. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

LVP

adj.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The noisy intruder was a small, green frog. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

LVP

adj.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The noisy intruder was a small, green frog. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

LVP

adj.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The noisy intruder was a small, green frog. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

LVP

adj.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________ This sentence is an equation. The linking verb means that the subject and the subject complement are the same thing: the intruder IS a frog.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two crickets chirped

at

the sleepy seagull.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two crickets chirped adj.

n.

v.

at prep.

the sleepy seagull. adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two crickets chirped adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

at prep.

the sleepy seagull. adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two crickets chirped adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

at prep.

the sleepy seagull. adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ -------------------prep. phrase------------------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two crickets chirped adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

at prep.

the sleepy seagull. adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ -------------------prep. phrase------------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two crickets chirped adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

at prep.

the sleepy seagull. adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ -------------------prep. phrase------------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________ The object of a preposition cannot be a direct object.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The white bird gave the green frog

a bug.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The white bird gave the green frog adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

a bug. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The white bird gave the green frog adj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adj.

adj.

n.

a bug. adj.

n.

____________________________________ I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The white bird gave the green frog adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

a bug. adj.

n.

____________________________________ I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The white bird gave the green frog adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

a bug. adj.

n.

____________________________________ I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The white bird gave the green frog adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

a bug. adj.

n.

____________________________________ I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________ An indirect object will always be between the action verb and the direct object.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Yes, some frogs were sad and silly. ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Yes, some frogs were sad and silly. interj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

conj.

adj.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Yes, some frogs were sad and silly. interj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

conj.

adj.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

------compound S.C.------

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Yes, some frogs were sad and silly. interj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

conj.

adj.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

------compound S.C.------

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Yes, some frogs were sad and silly. interj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

conj.

adj.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

------compound S.C.------

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Yes, some frogs were sad and silly. interj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

conj.

adj.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

------compound S.C.------

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________ Two subject complements joined by a conjunction: a compound subject complement.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

James gave you and

me some fish.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

James gave you and n.

v.

pron.

conj.

me some fish. pron.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

James gave you and n.

v.

subj.

AVP

pron.

conj.

me some fish. pron.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ -------compound I.O.-------

D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

James gave you and n.

v.

subj.

AVP

pron.

conj.

me some fish. pron.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ -------compound I.O.-------

D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

James gave you and n.

v.

subj.

AVP

pron.

conj.

me some fish. pron.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ -------compound I.O.-------

D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

James gave you and n.

v.

subj.

AVP

pron.

conj.

me some fish. pron.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ -------compound I.O.-------

D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________ We see a compound indirect object, right where indirect objects always are, between the action verb and the direct object. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray goose certainly smelled funny. ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray goose certainly smelled funny. adj.

adj.

n.

adv.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray goose certainly smelled funny. adj.

adj.

n.

adv.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray goose certainly smelled funny. adj.

adj.

n.

adv.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray goose certainly smelled funny. adj.

adj.

n.

adv.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray goose certainly smelled funny. adj.

adj.

n.

adv.

v.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________ A subject complement is a noun, pronoun, or adjective, linked to the subject by a linking verb. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The fancy fish swam slowly

up

the stream.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The fancy fish swam slowly adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adv.

up prep.

the stream. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The fancy fish swam slowly adj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adv.

up prep.

the stream. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The fancy fish swam slowly adj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adv.

up prep.

the stream. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ -----prepositional phrase-----

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The fancy fish swam slowly adj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adv.

up prep.

the stream. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ -----prepositional phrase-----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The fancy fish swam slowly adj.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adv.

up prep.

the stream. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ -----prepositional phrase-----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________ Remember that the object of a preposition can never be a direct object.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Sam

saw

Sue,

but

Sid

was

sad.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Sam

saw

Sue,

n.

v.

n.

but conj.

Sid n.

was v.

sad. adj.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Sam

saw

Sue,

n.

v.

n.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

but conj.

Sid

was

n.

v.

subj.

LVP

sad. adj.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Sam

saw

Sue,

n.

v.

n.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

but conj.

Sid

was

n.

v.

subj.

LVP

sad. adj.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Sam

saw

Sue,

n.

v.

n.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

but conj.

Sid

was

n.

v.

subj.

LVP

sad. adj.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ----------------clause----------------------------clause------------compound sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Sam

saw

Sue,

n.

v.

n.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

but conj.

Sid

was

n.

v.

subj.

LVP

sad. adj.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ----------------clause----------------------------clause------------compound sentence

____________________________________ This is one sentence. It has two clauses, each with its own subject and verb.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Wednesday, August 17, 11

He gave his book

to the curious mayor.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

He gave his book

to the curious mayor.

pron.

prep.

v.

adj.

n.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

He gave his book

to the curious mayor.

pron.

v.

prep.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

He gave his book

to the curious mayor.

pron.

v.

prep.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ -------------------prep. phrase-----------------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

He gave his book

to the curious mayor.

pron.

v.

prep.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ -------------------prep. phrase-----------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

He gave his book

to the curious mayor.

pron.

v.

prep.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ -------------------prep. phrase-----------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple sentence

____________________________________ The object of a preposition can never also be a direct object or indirect object.

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The collection

of

poems

is

brilliant.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The collection adj.

n.

of

poems

is

brilliant.

prep.

n.

v.

adj.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The collection adj.

n.

of

poems

is

brilliant.

prep.

n.

v.

adj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ subj.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The collection adj.

n.

of

poems

is

brilliant.

prep.

n.

v.

adj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ subj.

____________________________________ -----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The collection adj.

n.

of

poems

is

brilliant.

prep.

n.

v.

adj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ subj.

____________________________________ -----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The collection adj.

n.

of

poems

is

brilliant.

prep.

n.

v.

adj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ subj.

____________________________________ -----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Note that the verb IS agrees with the subject COLLECTION, not with the object of the preposition. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The wretched

elf grew tulips

in the dell.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The wretched adj.

adj.

elf grew tulips n.

v.

n.

in the dell. prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The wretched adj.

adj.

elf grew tulips n.

v.

n.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

in the dell. prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The wretched adj.

adj.

elf grew tulips n.

v.

n.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

in the dell. prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ------prep. phrase-----

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The wretched adj.

adj.

elf grew tulips n.

v.

n.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

in the dell. prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ------prep. phrase-----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The wretched adj.

adj.

elf grew tulips n.

v.

n.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

in the dell. prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ------prep. phrase-----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ This sentence has a good feature: the verb is right next to the subject. That always makes a sentence clearer. A DELL is a small, wooded valley. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A weary mason grew bored with the task. ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A weary mason grew bored with the task. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A weary mason grew bored with the task. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A weary mason grew bored with the task. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ --------prep. phrase-------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A weary mason grew bored with the task. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ --------prep. phrase-------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

A weary mason grew bored with the task. adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ --------prep. phrase-------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ This is tricky. In this sentence GREW is a linking verb. It is not action: the mason is not growing anything, he is just getting bored. TO GROW is often a linking verb. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gang

of

thieves makes him

an offer.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gang adj.

n.

of prep.

thieves makes him n.

v.

pron.

an offer. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gang adj.

n.

of prep.

thieves makes him n.

v.

pron.

AVP

I.O.

an offer. adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gang adj.

n.

of prep.

thieves makes him n.

v.

pron.

AVP

I.O.

an offer. adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

D.O.

____________________________________ -----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gang adj.

n.

of prep.

thieves makes him n.

v.

pron.

AVP

I.O.

an offer. adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

D.O.

____________________________________ -----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gang adj.

n.

of prep.

thieves makes him n.

v.

pron.

AVP

I.O.

an offer. adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

D.O.

____________________________________ -----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------one clause---------------------------------------------simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ The verb MAKES agrees with the subject GANG, not with the noun beside it. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid. conj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

n.

v.

adj.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid. conj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

n.

v.

adj.

D.O.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid. conj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

n.

v.

adj.

D.O.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid. conj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

n.

v.

adj.

D.O.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------dependent clause-------------------------independent clause-----a D,I complex declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

When the ship hit the rock, Max was afraid. conj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

n.

v.

adj.

D.O.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------------dependent clause-------------------------independent clause-----a D,I complex declarative sentence

____________________________________ The comma is required when the dependent clause comes first. D,I expresses the punctuation rule. Note that each clause has its own subject and simple predicate. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing the deck, James

was

a

good sailor.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing the deck, James adj.

adj.

n.

n.

was

a

v.

adj.

good sailor. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing the deck, James adj.

adj.

n.

was

a

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

good sailor. adj.

n.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing the deck, James adj.

adj.

n.

was

a

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

good sailor. adj.

n.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ --------participial phrase--------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing the deck, James adj.

adj.

n.

was

a

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

good sailor. adj.

n.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ --------participial phrase--------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing the deck, James adj.

adj.

n.

was

a

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

good sailor. adj.

n.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ --------participial phrase--------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ This is a classic introductory participial phrase, modifying the subject, and set off by a comma. The phrase is part of the clause--is inside the clause. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing the deck, James adj.

adj.

n.

was

a

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

good sailor. adj.

n.

____________________________________ S.C.

____________________________________ --------participial phrase--------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ This is a classic introductory participial phrase, modifying the subject, and set off by a comma. The phrase is part of the clause--is inside the clause. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing

the deck

was

an

odious

task.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing n.

the deck adj.

n.

was v.

an adj.

odious adj.

task. n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing n.

the deck adj.

n.

was v.

an adj.

odious adj.

task. n.

____________________________________ -------------------subj. -----------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing n.

the deck adj.

n.

was v.

an adj.

odious adj.

task. n.

____________________________________ -------------------subj. -----------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ------------gerund phrase------------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing n.

the deck adj.

n.

was v.

an adj.

odious adj.

task. n.

____________________________________ -------------------subj. -----------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ------------gerund phrase------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing n.

the deck adj.

n.

was v.

an adj.

odious adj.

task. n.

____________________________________ -------------------subj. -----------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ------------gerund phrase------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here the phrase is a gerund phrase acting as the subject of the verb. This is a classic, very common structure Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Scrubbing n.

the deck adj.

n.

was v.

an adj.

odious adj.

task. n.

____________________________________ -------------------subj. -----------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ------------gerund phrase------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here the phrase is a gerund phrase acting as the subject of the verb. This is a classic, very common structure Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two

bluebirds

wanted

to eat

some

bugs.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two

bluebirds

wanted

to eat

some

bugs.

adj.

n.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two

bluebirds

wanted

to eat

some

bugs.

adj.

n.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

--------------------D.O.-----------------

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two

bluebirds

wanted

to eat

some

bugs.

adj.

n.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

--------------------D.O.-----------------

____________________________________ ------------infinitive phrase------------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two

bluebirds

wanted

to eat

some

bugs.

adj.

n.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

--------------------D.O.-----------------

____________________________________ ------------infinitive phrase------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two

bluebirds

wanted

to eat

some

bugs.

adj.

n.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

--------------------D.O.-----------------

____________________________________ ------------infinitive phrase------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here is an infinitive phrase acting as a noun and as the direct object. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Two

bluebirds

wanted

to eat

some

bugs.

adj.

n.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

--------------------D.O.-----------------

____________________________________ ------------infinitive phrase------------

____________________________________ ---------------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here is an infinitive phrase acting as a noun and as the direct object. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The bird told the bug

a story

as

the sun set.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The bird told the bug adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

a story

as

adj.

conj.

n.

the sun set. adj.

n.

v.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The bird told the bug adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

a story

as

adj.

conj.

n.

the sun set. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

____________________________________ subj. AVP

I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The bird told the bug adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

a story

as

adj.

conj.

n.

the sun set. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

____________________________________ subj. AVP

I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The bird told the bug adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

a story

as

adj.

conj.

n.

the sun set. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

____________________________________ subj. AVP

I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ----------------------independent clause-------------------------dependent clause-----an ID complex declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The bird told the bug adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

a story

as

adj.

conj.

n.

the sun set. adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

____________________________________ subj. AVP

I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ----------------------independent clause-------------------------dependent clause-----an ID complex declarative sentence

____________________________________ Because the dependent clause comes second, we do not use a comma between the clauses. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray dog looked old,

like

a

shaggy wolf.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray dog looked old, adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

like

a

prep.

adj.

shaggy wolf. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray dog looked old, adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

like

a

prep.

adj.

shaggy wolf. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray dog looked old, adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

like

a

prep.

adj.

shaggy wolf. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ --------------prep. phrase------------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray dog looked old, adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

like

a

prep.

adj.

shaggy wolf. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ --------------prep. phrase------------

____________________________________ ------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The gray dog looked old, adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

like

a

prep.

adj.

shaggy wolf. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ --------------prep. phrase------------

____________________________________ ------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ In this case the dog is not looking at anything; looked is not an action verb here. The sentence means that the dog was old in looks. Like is a preposition of similarity. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The very curious

boy

has

a

talking

turtle.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The very curious adj.

adv.

adj.

boy n.

has

a

talking

turtle.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The very curious adj.

adv.

adj.

boy

has

a

talking

turtle.

n.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

subj.

AVP

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The very curious adj.

adv.

adj.

boy

has

a

talking

turtle.

n.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

subj.

AVP

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase, but talking is a participle

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The very curious adj.

adv.

adj.

boy

has

a

talking

turtle.

n.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

subj.

AVP

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase, but talking is a participle

____________________________________ ------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

The very curious adj.

adv.

adj.

boy

has

a

talking

turtle.

n.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

subj.

AVP

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase, but talking is a participle

____________________________________ ------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Why is the little verb has not a linking verb? It does not link. It does not say that the boy IS a turtle. If it does not link the two, it is not linking. To have a turtle is not to be a turtle. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Rory is the very man who gave Ed the fish.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Rory is the very man who gave Ed the fish. n.

v.

adj.

adj.

n.

pron.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Rory is the very man who gave Ed the fish. n.

v.

subj.

LVP

adj.

adj.

n.

pron.

v.

n.

S.C.

subj.

AVP

I.O.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Rory is the very man who gave Ed the fish. n.

v.

subj.

LVP

adj.

adj.

n.

pron.

v.

n.

S.C.

subj.

AVP

I.O.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Rory is the very man who gave Ed the fish. n.

v.

subj.

LVP

adj.

adj.

n.

pron.

v.

n.

S.C.

subj.

AVP

I.O.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ -------------independent clause----------------------dependent clause------------an ID complex declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Rory is the very man who gave Ed the fish. n.

v.

subj.

LVP

adj.

adj.

n.

pron.

v.

n.

S.C.

subj.

AVP

I.O.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ D.O.

____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ -------------independent clause----------------------dependent clause------------an ID complex declarative sentence

____________________________________ In this sentence very is an adjective because it modifies a noun. The dependent clause is an adjective clause modifying the noun man. Adjective clauses follow the nouns that they modify. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Climbing the icy slope was the fulfillment of his dream.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Climbing the icy slope was the fulfillment of his dream. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

prep. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Climbing the icy slope was the fulfillment of his dream. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

prep. adj.

n.

____________________________________ --------------------subj.------------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Climbing the icy slope was the fulfillment of his dream. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

prep. adj.

n.

____________________________________ --------------------subj.------------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________

--------------gerund phrase------------

-----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Climbing the icy slope was the fulfillment of his dream. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

prep. adj.

n.

____________________________________ --------------------subj.------------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________

--------------gerund phrase------------

-----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ -------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Climbing the icy slope was the fulfillment of his dream. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

prep. adj.

n.

____________________________________ --------------------subj.------------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________

--------------gerund phrase------------

-----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ -------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here is a typical gerund phrase used as the subject of the verb. This is one of the most common patterns that we see. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Climbing the icy slope was the fulfillment of his dream. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

prep. adj.

n.

____________________________________ --------------------subj.------------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________

--------------gerund phrase------------

-----prep. phrase----

____________________________________ -------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here is a typical gerund phrase used as the subject of the verb. This is one of the most common patterns that we see. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Like a little child, my father loved opening presents.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Like a little child, my father loved opening presents. prep. adj.

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

v.

n.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Like a little child, my father loved opening presents. prep. adj.

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

n.

n.

____________________________________ ------------D.O. ------------

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Like a little child, my father loved opening presents. prep. adj.

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

n.

n.

____________________________________ ------------D.O. ------------

____________________________________ -----------prep. phrase---------

-------gerund phrase------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Like a little child, my father loved opening presents. prep. adj.

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

n.

n.

____________________________________ ------------D.O. ------------

____________________________________ -----------prep. phrase---------

-------gerund phrase------

____________________________________ -------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Like a little child, my father loved opening presents. prep. adj.

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

n.

n.

____________________________________ ------------D.O. ------------

____________________________________ -----------prep. phrase---------

-------gerund phrase------

____________________________________ -------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here we see a gerund phrase used as the direct object. Gerund phrases are nouns, so we always see them in the normal noun places. The noun presents is the object of the gerund opening. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Like a little child, my father loved opening presents. prep. adj.

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

v.

subj.

AVP

n.

n.

____________________________________ ------------D.O. ------------

____________________________________ -----------prep. phrase---------

-------gerund phrase------

____________________________________ -------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here we see a gerund phrase used as the direct object. Gerund phrases are nouns, so we always see them in the normal noun places. The noun presents is the object of the gerund opening. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Max always wanted to row the boat on the river.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Max always wanted to row the boat on the river. n.

adv.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Max always wanted to row the boat on the river. n.

adv.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

-----------------------------D.O. --------------------------

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Max always wanted to row the boat on the river. n.

adv.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

-----------------------------D.O. --------------------------

____________________________________ -----infinitive phrase-----

------prep. phrase----

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Max always wanted to row the boat on the river. n.

adv.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

-----------------------------D.O. --------------------------

____________________________________ -----infinitive phrase-----

------prep. phrase----

____________________________________ -------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Max always wanted to row the boat on the river. n.

adv.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

-----------------------------D.O. --------------------------

____________________________________ -----infinitive phrase-----

------prep. phrase----

____________________________________ -------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here we see an infinitive phrase--which has a prepositional phrase attached to it-acting as a noun and as the basis of the direct object. An infinitive is one word. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Max always wanted to row the boat on the river. n.

adv.

v.

n.

adj.

n.

prep.

adj.

n.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

-----------------------------D.O. --------------------------

____________________________________ -----infinitive phrase-----

------prep. phrase----

____________________________________ -------------------------------------------independent clause------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here we see an infinitive phrase--which has a prepositional phrase attached to it-acting as a noun and as the basis of the direct object. An infinitive is one word. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur, the aging architect, drew new plans yesterday.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur, the aging architect, drew new plans yesterday. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

adv.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur, the aging architect, drew new plans yesterday. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur, the aging architect, drew new plans yesterday. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

D.O.

____________________________________ ------appositive phrase-------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur, the aging architect, drew new plans yesterday. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

D.O.

____________________________________ ------appositive phrase-------

____________________________________ -------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur, the aging architect, drew new plans yesterday. n.

adj.

adj.

n.

v.

adj.

n.

adv.

____________________________________ subj.

AVP

D.O.

____________________________________ ------appositive phrase-------

____________________________________ -------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ The appositive phrase is enclosed in commas. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

As the sun began

to set,

Kate seemed worried.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

As the sun began conj.

adj.

n.

v.

to set, n.

Kate seemed worried. n.

v.

adj.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

As the sun began conj.

adj.

to set,

Kate seemed worried.

n.

v.

n.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

As the sun began conj.

adj.

to set,

Kate seemed worried.

n.

v.

n.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

As the sun began conj.

adj.

to set,

Kate seemed worried.

n.

v.

n.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------dependent clause------------------------independent clause---------a D,I complex declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

As the sun began conj.

adj.

to set,

Kate seemed worried.

n.

v.

n.

n.

v.

adj.

subj.

AVP

D.O.

subj.

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ no phrase

____________________________________ ---------------dependent clause------------------------independent clause---------a D,I complex declarative sentence

____________________________________ We see an infinitive, but not an infinitive phrase. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Eating the orange carrots

is

a

pleasant activity.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Eating the orange carrots n.

adj.

adj.

n.

is

a

v.

adj.

pleasant activity. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Eating the orange carrots n.

adj.

adj.

n.

is

a

v.

adj.

pleasant activity. adj.

n.

____________________________________ -------------------------subj.------------------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Eating the orange carrots n.

adj.

adj.

n.

is

a

v.

adj.

pleasant activity. adj.

n.

____________________________________ -------------------------subj.------------------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________

-------------------gerund phrase------------------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Eating the orange carrots n.

adj.

adj.

n.

is

a

v.

adj.

pleasant activity. adj.

n.

____________________________________ -------------------------subj.------------------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________

-------------------gerund phrase------------------

____________________________________ -------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Eating the orange carrots n.

adj.

adj.

n.

is

a

v.

adj.

pleasant activity. adj.

n.

____________________________________ -------------------------subj.------------------------

LVP

S.C.

____________________________________

-------------------gerund phrase------------------

____________________________________ -------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ Here is a gerund phrase as the subject of the sentence. Notice that the verb is agrees with the gerund, not with the object of the gerund. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur built the knight a castle

on

the mountain.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur built the knight a castle n.

v.

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

on prep.

the mountain. adj.

n.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur built the knight a castle n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

on prep.

the mountain. adj.

n.

____________________________________ I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur built the knight a castle n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

on prep.

the mountain. adj.

n.

____________________________________ I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ ----------prep. phrase---------

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur built the knight a castle n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

on prep.

the mountain. adj.

n.

____________________________________ I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ ----------prep. phrase---------

____________________________________ -------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________

Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11

Arthur built the knight a castle n.

v.

subj.

AVP

adj.

n.

adj.

n.

on prep.

the mountain. adj.

n.

____________________________________ I.O.

D.O.

____________________________________ ----------prep. phrase---------

____________________________________ -------------------------------------independent clause---------------------------------------a simple declarative sentence

____________________________________ We find the indirect object right where it always is, betwen the AVP and the D.O. Michael Clay Thompson, 2011, Royal Fireworks Press Wednesday, August 17, 11