Forward Air Controller
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FORWARD AIR CONTROLLER
TACTICAL POCKET CHECKLIST REVISED APRIL 2001
FORWARD AIR CONTROLLER
TACTICAL POCKET CHECKLIST The Distance Learning & Technologies Department (DLTD), publishes and distributes this manual. For additional copies: Director, Marine Corps Institute Attn: Operations Marine Corps Institute 912 Charles Poor Street SE Washington Navy Yard DC 20391-5680 Intranet://intranet.mbw.usmc.mil http://www..mci.usmc.mil 1-(800) USMC-MCI
REVISED APRIL 2001
TABLE OF CONTENTS SUBJECT PAGE Tactical Communication Communications Frequency Chart USMC Fire Support Communication Nets U.S. Aircraft Communication Equipment U.S. Ground Forces Communications Equipment Communications Brevity Terms for CAS Missions (Laser/IR/etc.) Target Weather Information (TARWI)
1 2 3 4 5 6
Assault Support Assault Support Request Form Assault Support Request Form Instructions for Completing ZIPPO Briefing Guide Landing Zone Brief Basic Load Weight Time Factors for Wave Planning/Recommended Landing Zone Diameter Joint Tactical Airlift Request Form
7 9 13 16 17 18 19
Close Air Support Joint Tactical Air Strike Request (JTAR) Joint Tactical Air Strike Request (JTAR) Instructions CAS Check-in Brief Form/CAS Multi-Mission “9-Line” Form Close Air Support (CAS) “The “9-Line” Brief Instructions CAS Check-out Brief (BDA Report) Laser Designation Zones Hellfire Designator Exclusion Zone Hellfire Designator Missile Surface Danger Zone (W/Laser) Hellfire Missile Surface Danger Zone (W/O Laser) LASER CAS OPERATIONS AN/PAQ-3 (MULE) Day Sight Operations Tactical Checklist AN/PAQ-3 (MULE) Operations Checklist Night Sight Procedures AC-130 Call-for-Fire (CFF) NATO Information Briefing Formats/ NATO Fighter Check-In Briefing Worksheet NATO Forward Air Controller to Attack Aircraft Briefing NATO Close Air Support Multiple Mission Worksheet
23 25 31 32 35 36 37 38 39 41 42 43 44 45 46
Indirect Fire Support (Artillery/ Mortars/ Naval Surface Fires) Artillery/Mortar Call-For-Fire (CFF) Message to Observer (MTO) /Basic SEAD Call-For-Fire (CFF) Fire Support Scheduling Worksheet (x2)
i
47 48 49
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) SUBJECT
PAGE
Indirect Fire Support (Artillery/ Mortars/ Naval Surface Fires), (Continued) Target Card (1 of 2) Record of Missions (2 of 2) Characteristics of U.S. Artillery, Mortars, and Rockets U.S. Artillery/Mortars Ammunition Naval Gunfire Call-For-Fire (CFF) Naval Gunfire Support Ships/ Naval Gunfire Ammunition
51 52 53 54 55 56
Aerial Reconnaissance and Electronic Warfare Joint Tactical Reconnaissance Surveillance Request Form Joint Tactical Electronic Warfare Request Form Joint Tactical Electronic Warfare Form Instructions
57 61 64
Capabilities of Equipment, Weapons and Ordnance U.S. Attack Fixed-Wing Aircraft U.S. Attack Rotary-Wing Aircraft U.S. Aircraft Navigation Equipment Rapid Weaponeering Ordnance Nomenclature Ordnance Selection Guide Ordnance “Quick” Reference Guide Risk-Estimate Distances for Aircraft Delivered Ordnance (Combat only)
69 71 72 73 74 75 79 81
Threat Systems World Threat Anti-Air Defense Weapons Systems Combat Vehicles and Armored Weapons Systems Air Speed/Velocity Conversion Table
83 84 86
Aviation Staff Officer Information Aviation Estimate of Supportability Appendix A Joint Air Operations Plan Format
ii
87 89
COMMUNICATIONS FREQUENCY CHART Primary
Color
Secondary
Color
Callsign
TACP Local _________
_________
_________
_________
__________
TAR
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
AFARN
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
TAD 1
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
TAD 2
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
TAD 3
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
TAD 4
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
MAON
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
TATC 1
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
TATC 2
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
FAC(A)
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
TAC(A)
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
TANKER
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
LF FSCC
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
BN FSCC
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
ARTY COF _________
_________
_________
_________
__________
MORTARs
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
NGF SPOT
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________
_________
__________ _________
_________
_________
__________
_________
__________ _________
_________
_________
__________
1
USMC FIRE SUPPORT COMMUNICATION NETS Net TACP Local
Purpose Coordination between AOs and FACs. Direction of aircraft in CAS missions by a terminal controller To request immediate air support
Net Control MAGTF TACP
Stations on Net Regt/ Bn AOs, FACs, FAC(A)s
Freq UHF
TACC-afloat DASC-ashore
UHF/VHF aircraft dependent
Allows TACC/ TADC to control all aircraft in MAGTF AOR Forward observers request and adjust artillery fires
TACC-afloat TACC-ashore
TACC, DASC, FSCCs, FAC parties, airborne controllers, CAS aircraft and TAC as required TACC, DASC, FSCCs, FAC parties, airborne controllers, HDC, TADC TACC/ TADC, TAOC, DASC, all aircraft entering AOR
VHF
NGF Ground Spot
Spot teams request and adjust NGF
BN Mortars
Mortar forward observers request and adjust fires Coordination of airborne agencies
SACC-Afloat as required GCE and FSCC ashore Mortar PLT CMDR
Direct Support Artillery BN, Firing Battery, Artillery LNO at BN, Forward Observers, REIN artillery units SACC, TACC, FSCCs, Direct support & general support ships, NAOs PLT CMDR, Mortar forward observers, BN FSCCs
FAC(A), Artillery BN, firing battery, forward observers, FSCCs, GCE HQ
VHF
Tactical Air Direction (TAD)
Tactical Air Request (TAR)
Tactical Air Traffic Control (TATC)
Artillery Conduct of Fire (COF)
MAGTF Air Observation
TACC-afloat DASC-ashore
Direct support artillery BN
Artillery regt
2
HF
UHF/ VHF
UHF/VLF/ HF
VHF
U.S. AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT Aircraft Type
Radios
Frequency Band (1)
Frequency Hopping
Secure Capability
AH-1W
2-AN/ARC-182 or 2-AN/ARC-210
Multiple (2)
No
KY-58
UHF/VHF-FM
HAVE QUICK I and II (UHF) SINCGARS (VHF-FM) No No No HAVE QUICK I and II SINCGARS
KY-58
UH-1N
UH-1N CDNU
OH-58D (Kiowa Warrior) AH-64 AC-130
AV-8B F-14 F-15E F-16
1-AN/ARC-114 1-AN/ARC-159 1- AN/ARC-182 3-AN/ARC-210
1-AN/ARC-199 1-AN/ARC-201 1-AN/ARC-164 2-AN/ARC-201 1-AN/ARC-164 2-AN/ARC-186 2-AN/ARC-164 1-AN/ARC-164 3-AN/ARC-186 2-AN/ARC-190 2-AN/ARC-182 1-AN/ARC-182 2-AN/ARC-164 1-AN/ARC-182 1-AN/ARC-164 2-AN/ARC-182 2-AN/ARC-210
VHF-FM KY-58 UHF-AM KY-58 Multiple (2) KY-58 VHF-AM KY-58 VHF-FM UHF-AM 1-SATCOM HF No KY-75 VHF SINCGARS (FM) KY-58 UHF-FM HAVE QUICK II KY-58 UHF-FM SINCGARS KY-58 UHF HAVE QUICK I KY-58 VHF (3) SINCGARS (FM) KY-58 UHF HAVE QUICK II KY-58 SATCOM KY-58 VHF (3) KY-58 HF KY-58/75 Multiple (2) No KY-58 Multiple (2) HAVE QUICK II KY-58 UHF HAVE QUICK II KY-58 UHF HAVE QUICK II KY-58 VHF (3) No Multiple (2) No KY-58 VHF/UHF HAVE QUICK II No Notes: (1.) Frequency bands are as follows: HF: 2.000 - 29.999 MHz in 1-kHz increments. VHF-FM: 29.950 - 87.975 MHz in 25-kHz increments. VHF-AM: 108.000 - 151.975 MHz in 25-kHz increments. UHF: 225.000 - 399.975 MHz in 25-kHz increments.
F/A-18 (4) Legend: FM: frequency modulation AM: amplitude modulation SATCOM: satellite communications HF: high frequency UHF: ultra high frequency (2.) The AN/ARC-182 is a multiband radio that operates in any one of four bands: standard VHF-FM, VHF-AM, UHF, or 156.0-173.975 MHz VHF-FM. It can monitor only one band at a time. (3.) The AN/ARC-186 operates either in the VHF-AM or VHF-FM band. Each radio can monitor only one band at a time. (4.) F/A-18s are fitted with either two AN/ARC-182 radios or two AN/ARC-210 radios.
3
U.S. GROUND FORCES COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT Note:
To request CAS use the tactical air request net/Airforce Request Net (AFARN). Control of CAS aircraft should be conducted on a tactical air direction net.
Component Radios AN/PRC-119 AN/VRC-12 AN/VRC-24 AN/GRC-206 AN/GRC-206 AN/GRC-206 AN/GRC-206 AN/PRC-119 AN/PRC-104 AN/PRC-113 AN/PRC-113
HF VHF-FM VHF-AM UHF VHF-FM HF VHF-AM UHF
Frequency Hopping SINCGARS NO NO NO NO NO HAVEQUICK II SINCGARS NO NO HAVEQUICK II
USMC TACP
AN/PRC-119 AN/PRC-104 AN/PRC-113 AN/PRC-113 AN/VRC-12
VHF-AM HF VHF-AM UHF VHF-FM
SINCGARS NO NO HAVEQUICK II NO
SOF SOTAC
AN/PRC-117D AN/PRC-117D AN/PRC-117D AN/PRC-126 LST-5
U.S. Army FIST USAF TACP
Frequency Band (1) VHF-FM
Secure Capable KY-57
KY-65/99 KY-57 KY-57 KY-57 KY-57 KY-65/99 KY-57 KY-57 KY-57 KY-65/99 KY-57 KY-57 NO
VHF-FM NO KY-57 VHF (2) NO KY-57 UHF (3) NO KY-57 VHF-FM NO KY-57 UHF NO KY-57 SATCOM (1) Frequency bands for ground radios are as follows: HF: 2.000 to 29.999 MHz in 1 kHz increment. VHF-FM: 29.950 to 75.950 MHz in 50 kHz increments. VHF-AM: 116.000 to 149.975 MHz in 25 kHz increments. UHF: 225.000 to 399.975 MHz in 25 kHz increments. (2) AN/PRC-117D VHF-AM/FM frequency range is 116.000-173.995 MHz. AN/PRC-117D VHF-AM/FM frequency range is 225.000-419.995 MHz.
4
COMMUNICATION BREVITY TERMS FOR CAS MISSIONS (LASER/IR/ETC.) Laser Operations: “10 Seconds” “Laser On” “Spot” “Shift” “Terminate”
Directive to terminal controller to standby for laser on call in approximately 10 seconds. Directive to start laser designation. Acquisition of laser designation. Directive to shift laser illumination energy from offset to target Cease laser designation.
Night IR CAS Brevity Terms: “Contact: “Rope” “Snake“ “Sparkle” “Steady” “Stop” “Tally” “Visual”
Acknowledges sighting of a specified reference point. Call made by exception of the terminal controller is to illuminate the aircraft with an IR pointer. Call made for the terminal controller to jiggle the IR beam on the target. Terminal controller marks the target with an IR pointer. Also used by an AC-130 to mark the target with 40 mm misch. Terminal controller steadies the beam. Terminal controller stops the beam. The enemy position/target is in sight; opposite of NO JOY. The terminal controller has the attack aircraft in sight, or the attack aircraft has positively identified the terminal controller’s or friendly position.
Other Calls: “Abort” “Angels” “Bent” “Bingo” “Blind” “Chatter Mark” “Cleared hot” “Continue” “Cyclops” “Dash (#)” “Joker” “No Joy” Offset (direction) “Pushing” “Smoke” “Winchester”
Directive to cease action/attack/event/mission. Height of friendly aircraft in thousands of feet. System indicated is inoperative. Pre-briefed fuel state that is needed for recovery using pre-briefed parameters. No visual contact with friendly aircraft or ground positions-opposite of term “Visual.” Begin using briefed radio procedures to counter jamming. Ordnance release is authorized. Continue present maneuver; does not imply clearance to engage or expend ordnance. Any UAV. Aircraft position within a flight. Use if specific callsign is unknown. Fuel state above Bingo at which separation/bug-out/event termination should begin. Aircrew does not have visual contact with the target/bandit/landmark; opposite of TALLY. Informative call indicating maneuver in a specified direction with reference to the target. Departing designated point. Smoke marker used to mark a position. No ordnance remaining.
5
TARGET WEATHER INFORMATION (TARWI) GENERAL INFORMATION The TARWI code is a technique for transmitting detailed information about en route or target area weather observations.
“TARWI example Data given:” 3 6 8 9 XN The code is read to indicate weather at the target was at 3/8 cloud at 3000 AGL, visibility at least 8 km (5nm), thunderstorms, WX suitable for mission, higher, terrain obscured, thunderstorms en route. # 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Cloud None 1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 8/8 Not Obs
# 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ht (AGL) None 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 Not Obs
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
WX SIM for Exercise Cloud HT X 10 No Med Cloud Scattered Clouds Broken Overcast Contrails AT FL Mainly IFR Mainly VFR Gusty SFC Winds Fog in Valley Hilltops Obscured VIS Varies in Showers T-Storms
# 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Vis (NM) 0+ 1+ 2+ 3+ 4+ 5+ 6+ 7+ 8+ Not Obs
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
T-Storms En route Ice/Freezing Rain SFC Wind NEG SFC Winds SE SFC Winds SW SFC Winds NW WX Better North WX Better to East WX Better to South WX Better to West WX Suitable WX Marginal WX Unsuitable
6
# 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
WX Not Obs None Sleet Dist/Smoke Fog/Haze Drizzle Rain Snow Showers T-Storms
ASSAULT SUPPORT REQUEST FORM SECTION I – MISSION REQUEST DATE: 1. UNIT CALLED:
2. REQUEST FOR A. ( ) HELICOPTER B. ( ) FIXED-WING
THIS IS:
REQUEST NUMBER:
3. MISSION CATEGORIES A. ( ) PREPLANNED: PRECEDENCE ____ B. ( ) PRIORITY __________ C. ( ) IMMEDIATE: PRIORITY ________
5. MISSION IS A. ( ) ASSAULT TRANSPORT G. ( )TRAP
4. TYPE MISSION A. ( )TACTICAL
SENT TIME:
BY:
SENT: TIME:
BY:
B. ( ) ADMINISTRATIVE 6. PAYLOAD IS A. ( ) TROOPS ___________________ B. ( ) EXTERNAL CARGO (WT) _______________________________
B. ( ) LOGISTICAL SUPPORT H. ( ) SAR C. ( ) AIR EVACUATION
I. ( ) ILLUMINATION
D. ( ) MEDEVAC
J. ( ) SPECIAL OPS
E. ( ) AERIAL DELIVERY
K. ( ) OTHER _______
C. ( ) INTERNAL CARGO (WT/CU) _______________________________ LARGEST ITEM (LxWxH) _______________________________
F. ( ) C2 7. INSTRUCTIONS PICKUP TIME COORDINATES LZ TIME COORDINATES A. __________________ ___________________ _________________ ________________ B. __________________ ___________________ _________________ ________________ C. __________________ ___________________ _________________ ________________ D. __________________ ___________________ _________________ ________________ 8. LZ DESCRIPTION A. WIND DIRECTION/VELOCITY __________ B. ELEVATION _________________ (FT MSL) C. SIZE_______________________________ D. OBSTACLES _________________________ E. FRIENDLY POS______________________________ DIR/DIST ___________/__________ F. ENEMY POS ________________________________ DIR/DIST ___________/___________ G. LASTFIRERECEIVEDTIME/TYPE _______/_______ DIR/DIST ____________/__________ 9. LZ WILL BE 10. LZ MARKED WITH A. ( )UNMARKED A. ( ) PANELS B. ( ) SMOKE C. ( ) FLARES B. ( )MARKED WITH COLOR _______ D. ( ) MIRROR E. ( ) LIGHTS F. ( ) NAVAID G. ( ) OTHER 11. COMMUNICATIONS A. PICKUP ZONE CALL SIGN __________/FREQUENCY (COLOR CODE) ______________ B. LZ CALL SIGN __________________________/FREQUENCY (COLOR CODE)__________ 12. REMARKS ACKNOWLEDGED BN/REGT DIVISION OTHER
7
ASSAULT SUPPORT REQUEST FORM (Continued) SECTION II — COORDINATION 13. MSFS
14. ARTILLERY
15. AIO/G-2/G-3
16. ESCORT/AERIAL REFUELING A. ( ) REQUESTED B. ( ) ASSIGNED C. NO/TYPE A/C __________________ D. CALL SIGN _________________________ E. COMMUNICATIONS_____________ F. ARMAMENT________________________ 17. REQUEST 18. BY 19. REASON FOR ( ) APPROVED ( )DISAPPROVED DISAPPROVAL 20. RESTRICTIVE FIRE/AIR PLAN 21. IS IN EFFECT A. ( ) IS NOT A. ( ) (FROM TIME) _________ B. ( ) NUMBER___________ B. ( ) (TO TIME) ____________ 22. LOCATION 23. WIDTH 24. ALTITUDE/VERTEX A. ( ) ____________ B. ( ) ______________ (METERS) A. ( ) _________ B. ( ) __________ (FROM COORDS) (TO COORDS) MAX/VERTEX MINIMUM
SECTION III — MISSION DATA 25. MISSION NUMBER 28. EST/ACT TAKEOFF
26. CALL SIGN
27. NO/TYPE AIRCRAFT
29. ETA/ATA
30. MISSION CANCELLED/DIVERTED A. ( ) CANCELLED B. ( ) DIVERTED BY: ____________ 31. TERMINATE REQUEST A. ( ) GO/NO GO DTG _____________________ B. ( ) WHEN COMPLETED _________________ 32. MISSION RESULTS A. ( ) COMPLETE
ACKNOWLEDGE TACC
TADC
B. ( ) INCOMPLETE
FSCC
SACC
C. ( ) OTHER ______________________________
DASC
HDC
TACP
TACLOG
NOTES:
8
ASSAULT SUPPORT REQUEST FORM Instructions for Completing Block 1.
2. 3.
Title and Elements Explanation Section I. Mission Request UNIT CALLED Identifies the unit designation/callsign/preassigned number. THIS IS Identifies the request originator by unit designator/ callsign/preassigned number. REQUEST NUMBER For preplanned missions, indicates the originator’s request number in series. For immediate missions, this number is assigned by the DASC. SENT Indicates the time and individual who transmitted the request. REQUEST FOR Indicates whether request is for helicopter or fixed-wing support. MISSION CATEGORIES PREPLANNED: For preplanned requests, enter precedence (block A. Precedence A) and priority (block B). Precedence is stated B. Priority numerically in descending order of importance, as determined by the requestor. Priority is expressed as shown below. IMMEDIATE: For immediate requests, enter priority (block C). C. Priority A precedence entry is not required for immediate requests because, by definition, all immediate requests are precedence #1. Use the numerical designation below to determine priority (e.g., define the tactical situation) for preplanned (block B) or immediate (block C). 1. Emergency. Missions which require immediate action and supersede all other categories of mission priority. 2. Priority. Missions which require immediate action and supersede routine missions. For medical evacuation (MEDEVAC), use this category for patients who require specialized treatment not available locally and who are liable to suffer unnecessary pain or disability unless evacuated with the least possible delay. 3. Routine. Missions which do not demand urgency in execution. For MEDEVAC, use this category for patients who can be treated locally, but whose prognosis would benefit by evacuation with the least possible delay.
9
ASSAULT SUPPORT REQUEST FORM (Continued) Instructions for Completing, continued Block
4. 5.
6.
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Title and Elements Explanation Section I. Mission Request 4. Urgent (for MEDEVAC only). Evacuation of critically wounded, injured, or ill personnel whose immediate evacuation is a matter of life or death. RECEIVED Indicates the time and individual who received the request. TYPE MISSION Indicates whether the mission is tactical or administrative. MISSION IS Describes the mission to be performed. Check appropriate blocks 1 through 12 to identify the mission to be performed. If block 12 (Remarks) is checked, enter an explanation. PAYLOAD IS Describes the type and approximate amount of the payload to be transported. It is necessary to specify, even if a rough estimate, the number of troops. Otherwise, ACE planner cannot determine what force is required—aircraft type/number. For internal cargo, include the dimensions of the largest item to be moved. For MEDEVAC, indicate number of casualties in block 6A. INSTRUCTIONS Indicates the time/coordinates of the PZ and DZ. LZ DESCRIPTION Contains detailed information on the LZ LZ WILL BE Indicates if the LZ will be unmarked or A. Unmarked marked. If the LZ will be marked, indicate the B. Marked color. LZ MARKED WITH Identifies the type LZ marking. COMMUNICATIONS Identifies the callsign and frequency of PZ and DZ controllers. REMARKS Allows the requestor to add other essential information not provided for in the request format. For MEDEVAC, include type casualties/wounds, litter, ambulatory status, medical attendant requirements, or any other special considerations. If possible, medical personnel should provide a medical regulating code (MRC):
10
ASSAULT SUPPORT REQUEST FORM (Continued) Instructions for Completing, continued Block
13. 14. 15. 16.
17. 18. 19.
Title and Elements Explanation Section I. Mission Request SS General Surgery MC Pediatrics SSC Thoracic Surgery MM Internal Medicine SSM Maxillofacial Surgery NP Psychiatry SSN Neurosurgery SB Burns SSO Ophthalmology Injury SC Spinal Cord Injury SSU Urology SG OB/GYN SO Orthopedic Surgery Indicates that the request has been copied for ACKNOWLEDGED concurrence by the GCE. Bn/Regt. Division Other Section II. Coordination NSFS Naval surface fire support coordination. ARTILLERY Artillery coordination. AIO/G-2/G-3 Air Intelligence Officer, G-2, G-3 coordination. ESCORT/AERIAL Indicates if escort or aerial refueling support is REFUELING required for the mission. Block A indicates support has been requested. Block B indicates TACC has assigned assets. After assets are assigned, the TACC enters the rest of the data. REQUEST Indicates the approval or disapproval of the A. Approved request. B. Disapproved BY Indicates the individual who approved or disapproved the request. REASON FOR Self-explanatory. DISAPPROVAL
20.
RESTRICTIVE FIRE/ AIR PLAN A. Is Not B. Number
21.
IS IN EFFECT
The restrictive fire/air plan refers to the airspace coordination area (ACA). An ACA is a three-dimensional block of airspace where friendly aircraft are reasonably safe from friendly surface fires. A plan number or code name is issued, as appropriate. Establishes the time period that the ACA plan will be in effect.
A. From Time ________ B. To Time __________
11
ASSAULT SUPPORT REQUEST FORM (Continued) Instructions for Completing, continued Block
23.
Title and Elements Explanation Section II. Coordination Grid coordinates of the start/end points of the LOCATION ACA centerline. A. From Coordinates_____ B. To Coordinates_______ WIDTH (METERS) Defines the ACA from either side of centerline.
24.
ALTITUDE/VERTEX
22.
25. 26. 27. 28. 29.
ACA in feet above mean sea level. Use block A for VERTEX only.
A. Max/Vertex__________ B. Minimum___________ Section III. Mission Data MISSION NUMBER Indicates mission number. CALLSIGN Flight callsign of mission aircraft. NO/TYPE AIRCRAFT Self-explanatory. EST/ACT TAKEOFF Estimated or actual time the mission aircraft will take off. ETA/ATA Estimated or actual time of arrival of the mission aircraft in the objective area.
30.
MISSION CANCELLED/ DIVERTED
31.
TERMINATE REQUEST
32.
MISSION RESULTS
Indicates if mission is cancelled or diverted. By__________ indicates the individual/ agency/ unit who cancelled or diverted the mission. Indicates conditions under which to terminate the request. Self-explanatory, include pilot reports.
MISSION NOTES:
12
ZIPPO BRIEFING GUIDE MISSION NO
____________
UNIT SUPPORTED/CALLSIGN
______/______
AO CALLSIGN
_____________
HC(A) CALLSIGN
_____________
TAC(A)/FAC(A) CALLSIGN
_____________
HELO TRANSPORT CMDR CALLSIGN
_____________
ATTACK HELO FLIGHT COORDINATOR/ LEADER CALLSIGN
______ / ______
F/W CALLSIGN
_____________
NO AND TYPE OF HELOS
______ / ______ ______ / ______ ______ / ______ ______ / ______
PICK-UP COORDINATES
______________
LZ DESCRIPTION
______________
DROP COORDINATES
______________
LZ DESCRIPTION
______________
APPROACH RETIREMENT ROUTES
______________ ______________
TOTAL TROOPS/HELI TEAM SIZE
_______/_______
INTERNAL CARGO LOADS TYPE/WEIGHT
_______/_______
EXTERNAL CARGO LOADS TYPE/WEIGHT
_______/_______
13
ZIPPO BRIEFING GUIDE (Continued) ASSAULT FM
PRI_______ SEC__________
MISSION COMMON
__________________________
ASSAULT UHF
PRI_______ SEC__________
GROUND TACTICAL/LZ CONTROL CALLSIGN
PRI_______ SEC__________
F/W CONTROL FM/UHF
_______/______
WEATHER MINIMUNS/ALTERNATE PLAN
_______/______
PICK-UP TIME/LATEST ACCEPTABLE
_______/______
L-HOUR/LATEST ACCEPTABLE
_______/______
ARTILLERY PREP TIME/END OF MISSION
_______/______
F/W FLIGHT/TOS/ORDNANCE
_______/______
F/W CAP/TOS/ORDNANCE
_______/______
RULES OF ENGAGEMENT/CLEARANCE TO FIRE
_______/______
INTELLIGENCE
_______/______
REFUEL MIN BINGO
____#____MINS
MISSION UNDERTAKE
____#____MINS
LENGTH OF (EST.)
____#____MINS
CASEVAC PRIORITY*
______________
PRECEDENCE**
______________
RESUPPLY INTERNAL EA SORTIES
___WT#____LIFTS
EXTERNAL
___WT#____LIFTS
14
ZIPPO BRIEFING GUIDE (Continued) RETURN TO FORCE PROCEDURES PENETRATION CHECKIST MEZ PROCEDURES CORRIDORS ALTITUDES IFF FREQUENCY LAME DUCK PROCEDURES
* PRIORITY: Mission priority not used; PRECEDENCE serves the same function. **PRECEDENCE: a.
Urgent - CASEVAC of critically wounded (life or death).
b.
Emergency - Safety of U.S. or allied forces or the transport of vital supplies or equipment.
c.
Priority - Tactical transport of personnel or equipment where delay would jeopardize mission. CASEVAC of seriously wounded.
d.
Routine - Administrative or tactical transport where time is not a critical factor.
e.
Mandatory - Involves possible loss of life or national prestige.
15
LANDING ZONE BRIEF 1.
MISSION NO.
______________
2.
LOCATION COOR/RAD/DEM
______________ ____/_____/____
3.
UNIT CALLSIGN
______________
4.
FREQUENCY
PRI UHF
_____ FM _____
SEC UHF
_____ FM _____
5.
LZ MARKING
______________
6.
WIND DIRECTION/VELOCITY
_______/_______
7.
ELEVATION/SIZE
_______/_______
8.
OBSTACLES
______________
9.
FRIENDLY POSITIONS: DIRECTION/DISTANCE
_______/_______
ENEMY POSITIONS: DIRECTION/DISTANCE
_______/_______
LAST FIRE RECEIVED: TIME/TYPE
_______/_______
12.
DIRECTION OF FIRE/DISTANCE
_______/_______
13.
CLEARANCE TO FIRE: DIRECTION/DISTANCE
_______/_______
APPROACH/RETIREMENT (RECOMMENDED)
_______/_______
15.
PERSONNEL/EQUIPMENT
_______/_______
16.
OTHER
______________
10.
11.
14.
16
BASIC LOAD WEIGHT CARGO
WEIGHT (LBS)
Ammunition (per box) M-16 ball ........................................................... 60mm/81mm...................................................... 105mm............................................................... Meal Ready to Eat (MRE) (box/pallet) .......................... Floodlight, 5 kw ........................................................... Generator set, PU-608 ................................................. Howitzer, 105................................................................ Carriage ............................................................. Tube................................................................... Howitzer, 155mm (M198) ............................................. Howitzer, 155mm (LW-777) ......................................... Mk-19 (Mod 3).............................................................. Machine gun, 50 cal, heavy ........................................... With ground mount ............................................ M240G 7.62mm ............................................................ M-249 (SAW) ............................................................... Marine fully equipped ................................................... Without gear ...................................................... Mortar, 60mm (complete).............................................. Mortar, 81mm (complete).............................................. Mule, AN/PAQ-3 .......................................................... Radio, HF/UHF/VHF SINCGARS (PRC-119)................................................. PRC-104............................................................ PRC-113............................................................ Radio, HMMWV MRC-110........................................................... MRC-138........................................................... Trailer M149, water, 400 gal(Empty/full)...................... M105 1 ½ton .................................................... Truck M998/M1038 HMMWV Empty/loaded ............. M923, Cargo empty ........................................... Cross country..................................................... M151 ¼ ton Jeep ............................................... LAV-25......................................................................... Container, water 5 gal (full)........................................... Purification Unit............................................................
17
80 60 120 16/800 3,000 2,750 4,980 2,800 1,600 15,758 9,700 137.5 84 128 24.2 15.16 240 175 46.5 89 220 15.4 53 17 2,670 2,200 1,280/4,480 80 2650 5,200/7,700 21,600 31,600 2,500 24,100 45 5,400
TIME FACTORS FOR WAVE PLANNING TIME FACTOR LPH HELICOPTER LAUNCH INTERVALS 1.Using Flight Deck–Packed Helos (ea flt – max of 8) 2.Using Hanger Deck Helos (ea flt – max of 8)
UH-1 (MINS) 10
CH46 (MINS) 10
CH53 (MINS) 10
10
10
10
16
16
16
TAKEOFF AND FLIGHT RENDEZVOUS (For Ship-to-Shore Movements) LZ MANEUVER TIME (ea flt) 1. Breakup
4
4
4
1
1
1
2. Approach and Land
1
1
1
3. Unload Troops/Cargo*
1
1
1
1.5
2.0
2.5
4
4
4
REFUEL (HOT) LOAD TROOPS
6
4
5
REFUEL (HOT) LOAD INTERNAL CARGO*
2
4
8
LOAD EXTERNAL
0
1
1
FLIGHT TO LPH/LOADING ZONE (Miles Per Minute) LPH RECOVER TIME (flt of 4)
*Palletized or Wheeled Vehicles Only
RECOMMENDED LANDING ZONE DIAMETER (FEET) TYPE HELO UH-1 AH-1 CH-46 CH-53
5-40 100 100 175 175
OBSTRUCTION (HEIGHT) 40-80 150 150 250 250
18
80+ 200 200 350 350
JOINT TACTICAL AIRLIFT REQUEST FORM I REQUEST 1. UNIT CALLED(IDENTIFIER)___________________________ THIS IS MY ID____________REQUEST NUMUBER________ 2. I HAVE (A.) ____AN IMMEDIATE (B.)____PREPLANNED MISSION (1.)__ABN ALERT (3.)__AIRLAND (5.)__PERS DROP (7.)__SPECIAL 3. ONLOAD AIRFIELD
(2.)__GROUND ALERT (4.)__EQUIP DROP (6.)__FLARE (8.)__AIR EVAC _________OTHER
SENT: TIME: BY: RECEIVED
TIME:
BY:
(A.) NAME ______________________________________________________ (B.) COORD_________________ (C.)CONTACT _______________________ (D.) DTG _____________________________/___________________________ 4. OFFLOAD AIRFIELD/DROP ZONE/EXTRACTION ZONE (A.) NAME______________________________________________________ (B.) COORD_________________(C.)CONTACT _______________________ (D.) DTG _____________________________/__________________________ 5. NUMBER OF PASSENGERS: (A.) COMBAT TROOPS___________(B.) PARATROOPERS______________ (C.) AIR EVACS __________________________________________________ (1.) AMBULATORY________________(2.) LITTER_______________ 6. GENERAL CARGO (A.)
TYPE (SPECIFY POL RATIONS, ETC.) _________________________
(B.)
WEIGHT___________________________________________________
(C.)
LARGEST SINGLE ITEM_____________________________________
19
JOINT TACTICAL AIRLIFT REQUEST FORM (Continued) 7. NUMBER OF VEHICLES: (A.) 1/4 TON TRK________(E.) 3/4 TON TRL________(I.) 155 HOW_______ (B.) 1 1/4TON TRK_______(F.) 1 1/4TON TRL_______(J.) OTHER_________ (C.) 2 ½TON TRK _______(G.) APC_______________ (D.) 1/4 TON TRL________(H.) 105 HOW___________ 8. SPECIAL HANDLING CARGO (A.) TYPE ______________________(E.) CLASS________________________ (B.) TOTAL PIECES______________(F.) NOMEN ______________________ (C.) WEIGHT____________________(G.) SINGLE DRAGGER REQ________ (D.) CUBE______________________ 9. TOTAL WEIGHT (TOTAL ITEMS 6-8 OF THIS FORM): (A.) WEIGHT_________________________________ 10. RECOMMENDED: (A.)_____________ (B.)______________ (C.) CDS____ (D.) LAPES______ (NUMBER OF ACFT) (TYPE OF ACFT) (E.) GPES______ (F.) CCT______ 11. REMARKS:
ACKNOWLEDGED BGD/REGT DIVISION OTHER
20
JOINT TACTICAL AIRLIFT REQUEST FORM (Continued) II COORDINATION NGF
ARTY
AIO/G-2/3/4 REQUEST: ___(A.) APPROVED ___(B.) DISAPPROVED
REASON FOR DISAPPROVAL: AIRSPACE COORDINATION AREA/AIR PLAN (A.) IS NOT________(B.) NUMBER_____________ (C.) ______________(D.) ____________(E.) ____________(F.) __________ (FROM TIME) (TO TIME) (FROM COORD) (TO COORD) (G.)__________________(H.)__________________(I.)_________________ (WIDTH IN METERS) (MAX/VERTEX ALT) (MIN ALT)
III AIR MISSION DATA 12. MISSION NUMBER
13. CALLSIGN
14. NO AND TYPE OF ACFT
15. EST ACFT TO
16.
17. CONT PT-COORD/NAV AID FIX
19. TYPE DELIVERY
20. INITIAL CONTACT
21. CGT/TAG/ ASRT
22. NOTIFIED DTG
(CALLSIGN)
(CALLSIGN)
TUOC____CRC____
(FREQUENCY)
(FREQUENCY)
18. LZ/DZ/ EZCOORD
TACP____ASRT____
21
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22
JOINT TACTICAL AIRSTRIKE REQUEST (JTAR) DD Form 1972 (REVISED) 15 NOV 1994, Supersedes DD Form 1972 Apr 1975 Joint Pub 3-09.3, Appendix C for preparation instructions. 1. UNIT CALLED:
SECTION I - MISSION REQUEST DATE SENT THIS IS: REQUEST NUMBER:
DATE: SENT TIME:
PREPLANNED: (A.) PRECEDENCE___(B.) PRIORITY ____ 2. IMMEDIATE:
3. TARGET IS/NUMBER OF: (A.) PERS IN/OPEN (B.) PERS DUG IN
SENT: TIME:
(C.) PRIORITY_______
BY:
BY:
(C.)WPNS/MG/RR/AT
(D.)MORTARS/ ARTILLERY ________________ ________________ ___________________ _______________ (E.) AAA ADA (F.)RKTS/MISSLE (G.)ARMOR (H.)VEHICLES ________________ _______________ ___________ _______________ (L.)SUPPLIES/ (K.)PILLBOX/BUNKER (J.)BRIDGES (I.) BLDGS EQUIPMENT _______________ ________________ __________________ ___________________ (P.)MOVING (O.) ROUTE (N.) AREA (M.) CENTER (CP, N/S/E/W COM) _______________ ________________ __________________ ___________________ (Q.) REMARKS ;_______________________________________________________________ 4. TARGET LOCATION: (A.) __________ (B.) ___________ (C.) __________(D.)___________ CHECKED: (COORDS) (COORDS) (COORDS) (COORDS) (E.) TGT ELEV ________(F.)SHEET NO.________(G.)SERIES________ BY: (H.) CHART NO. _______ 5. TARGET TIME/DATE: ASAP __________ (B.) NLT ___________ (C.) AT ___________ (D.) TO _____________ 6. DESIRED ORD/RESULTS: (A.) ORDNANCE________(B.) DESTROY_________________ (C.) NEUTALIZE________(D.) HARASS/INTERDICT ________ 7. FINAL CONTROL: (A.) FAC/RABFAC______________(B.) CALLSIGN____________________ (C.) FREQ____________________(D) FIX/CONT PT___________________ 8. REMARKS: 1. IP____________________________________ 2. HDG _____________DGR MAG FSET L/R 3. DISTANCE ___________________________ 4. TGT ELEVATION ______________FT MSL 5. TGT DESCRIPTION____________________
23
6. TGT LOCATION __________________ 7. MARK TYPE_________CODE_______ 8. FRIENDLIES _____________________ 9. EGRESS _________________________
JOINT TACTICAL AIRSTRIKE REQUEST (JTAR) (Continued) SECTION II –COORDINATION 9. NGF
10. ARTY
11. AIO/G-2/G-3
12. REQUEST: (A.) ______APPROVE (B.) ______DISAPPROVE 15. AIRSPACE COURDINATION AREA (ACA):
13. BY:
14. REASON FOR DISAPPROVAL:
(A.) IS NOT IN EFFECT______ (B.) NUMBER ______________ 17. LOCATION: (A.) __________ (B.) ______________ (FROM COORDS) (TO COORDS)
16. IS IN EFFECT (A.) FROM TIME __________________ (B.) TO TIME _____________________ 18. WIDTH (IN METERS):
19. ALTITUDE/VERTEX: (A.)___________ (B.) _________________ (MAX/VERTEX) (MINIMUMVERTEX)
SECTION III – MISSION DATA 20. MISSION NO:
21. CALLSIGN:
22. NO. AND TYPE AIRCRAFT:
24. EST/ACT TAKEOFF: 28. FAC/ASRT/TAC(A) CALLSIGN FREQ:
25. EST TOT:
26. CONT PT/RDNVS (COORDS/NAVAID FIX) 30. TGT DESCRIPTION:
29. RESTRICTIVE FIRE/AIR PLAN (SEE 15-19):
23. ORDNANCE:
27. INTIAL CONTACT: 31.TGT COORD/ ELEV:
32. BATTLE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (BDA) REPORT (USMTF INFLTREP): LINE 1/ CALL SIGN __________________ LINE 4/LOCATION __________________ LINE 2/ MISSION NUMBER ___________ LINE 5/TOT_________________________ LINE 3/ REQUEST NUMBER___________ LINE 6/RESULTS ____________________ MISSION REMARKS/INFORMATION:
TUOC CRC TACP ASRT
24
JOINT TACTICAL AIRSTRIKE REQUEST (JTAR) INSTRUCTIONS SECTION I - MISSION REQUEST Line Title and Elements 1. Unit Called
2.
Explanation Identifies the unit designation/callsign/pre-assigned number.
This is
Identifies the request originator by unit designation/callsign/preassigned number.
Request Number
For preplanned missions, indicates the originator’s request number in series. For immediate missions, this number is assigned by the ASOC/DASC.
Sent
Indicates the time and the individual who transmitted the request.
(Mission categories) Preplanned: A. Precedence
For preplanned requests, enter precedence(block A).
B. Priority
or priority (block B). Precedence is stated numerically in descending order of importance, as determined by the requester. Priority is expressed as shown below.
Immediate: C. Priority
For immediate requests, enter priority (block). A precedence entry is not required for immediate requests because, by definition, all immediate requests have a precedence of 1. Use the numerical designation below to determine priority (e.g., define the tactical situation) for preplanned (block B) or immediate (block C): 1. Emergency: Targets that require immediate action and supersede all other categories of mission priority.
25
JOINT TACTICAL AIRSTRIKE REQUEST (JTAR) INSTRUCTIONS (Continued) SECTION I - MISSION REQUEST Line Title and Elements
3.
Target is
4.
Target
Explanation 2. Priority: Targets that require immediate action and supersede routine targets. 3. Routine: Targets of opportunity. Targets that do not demand urgency in execution. Describes the type, approximate size, and mobility of the target to be attacked. It is necessary to specify, even if a rough simulate, the number of targets (i.e., 10 tanks) or the size of the target area (i.e., personnel on a 500-meter front). Otherwise planners cannot accurately Determine what force is required aircraft numbers/type and ordnance amount/type. Locates the target by using the Military Grid Reference System Location MGRS) is prescribed for the area concerned.
A. Coordinates
Locates a point target or starting point.
B. Coordinates
When used together with A, provides from ___________ to ___________ coordinates.
C. Coordinates
When used together with A and B, provides a route.
D. Coordinates
When used together with A through C, provides a route or describes a target area.
E. Target Elevation
Target elevation in feet above sea level.
F. Sheet Number
Self-explanatory.
26
JOINT TACTICAL AIRSTRIKE REQUEST (JTAR) INSTRUCTIONS (Continued) SECTION I - MISSION REQUEST Line Title and Elements Explanation
5. 6.
7.
G. Series
Self-explanatory.
H. Chart Number
Self-explanatory.
Checked (on the right hand side of form) Indicates with whom target information has been crosschecked. Target Time/Date: Self-explanatory. Desired Ordnance/Results Indicates the requester’s desired results. This is essential information for the planner and must be carefully considered by the requester. A. Ordnance
Desired ordnance.
B. Destroy
Self-explanatory.
C. Neutralize
Self-explanatory.
D. Harass/Interdict Final Control
Self-explanatory. Identifies the final controller (FAC, FAC(A), etc.) who will conduct the Briefing and control the release of the ordnance.
A. FAC/RABFAC
Transmits the type of terminal control.
B. Callsign
Callsign of terminal controller.
C. Freq
Recommended TAD frequency that is usable on the FEBA.
D. Control Point
Military grid coordinates and/or Navigation Aid (NAVAID) fix of a Control point that is the furthest limit of the attack aircraft’s route of flight before control by the final controller.
27
JOINT TACTICAL AIRSTRIKE REQUEST (JTAR) INSTRUCTIONS (Continued) SECTION I - MISSION REQUEST Line Title and Elements 8. Remarks
Explanation Allows incorporation of briefing information not included elsewhere in the request. Enter data for the standard CAS brief. 1. IP/BP_______________________________________________________ 2. Heading_________________________________ MAG: Offset Left/Right 3. Distance_____________________________________________________ 4. Target Elevation______________________________________ Feet MSL 5. Target Description_____________________________________________ 6. Target Location_______________________________________________ 7. Mark Type ___________________________________Code___________ 8. Friendlies ____________________________________________________ 9. Egress________________________________________________________
SECTION II – COORDINATION Line Title and Elements Explanation 9.
NGF
Now known as NSFS
10. 11.
Artillery AIO/G-2/G-3
Artillery coordination. Air Intelligence Officer, G-2, G-3, or other service equivalent coordination.
12. 13.
Request: A. Approved B. Disapproved By
14. 15.
Reason for Disapproval Airspace Coordination Area (ACA)
Self-explanatory. The ACA establishes airspace that is reasonably safe from friendly, surface-delivery, non-nuclear fires. The ACA provides a warning to aircraft of the parameters of surface-delivered fire in a specific area.
A. Is Not In Effect
Self-explanatory.
B. Number
A plan number or code name is issued, as appropriate.
Self-explanatory Indicates the individual who approved or disapproved the request.
28
JOINT TACTICAL AIRSTRIKE REQUEST INSTRUCTIONS (Continued) SECTION II – COORDINATION Line Title and Elements 16. Is in Effect
17.
Explanation Establishes the time period that the applicable ACA plan will be in effect.
A. From Time ____
Beginning of time period.
B. To Time ______
End of time period.
Location: A.) From Coordinates
Grid coordinates of the start of the ACA’s centerline
B.) To Coordinates
Grid coordinates of the end points of the ACA’s centerline Defines the ACA from either side of the centerline. ACA altitude given in feet above MSL. (Use A for Vertex only entry).
18.
Width (Meters)
19.
Altitude/Vertex A.) Maximum/Vertex B.) Minimum/ Vertex
SECTION III - MISSION DATA Note: Mission data information transmitted to the requesting agency may be limited to those items not included in the request. Line Title and Elements Explanation 20. Mission Number Indicates mission number. 21. Callsign Callsign of mission aircraft. 22. No. and Type Aircraft Self-explanatory. 23. Ordnance Type of ordnance either by code number or actual nomenclature. 24. EST/ACT Takeoff Estimated or actual time the mission aircraft will take off. 25. EST/TOT Estimated TOT. 26. Control Point/Rendezvous Indicates the furthest limit of the attack (Coordinates/ NAVAID Fix) aircraft’s route of flight before control by the final controller. Same as Line 7, item D, when designated in the request.
29
JOINT TACTICAL AIRSTRIKE REQUEST INSTRUCTIONS (Continued) SECTION III - MISSION DATA Line Title and Elements
Explanation
27.
INITIAL CONTACT
28. 29.
FAC/TAC(A) CALLSIGN ACA
30.
Target Description
Indicates the initial control of agency is to contact. Callsign and frequency of final frequency control agency. Refer to lines 15 through 19 for this data. Self-explanatory.
31. 32
Target Coordinates/Elevation Self-explanatory. BATTLE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (BDA) Report. This optional space is used to record BDA for each mission. LINE 1./CALLSIGN
Callsign of the reporting aircraft.
LINE 2./MISSION NUMBER
Mission number of the CAS mission for which results are being reported.
LINE 3./REQUEST NUMBER
Requesting unit’s request number.
LINE 4./LOCATION
The location of the target then it was attacked.
LINE 5./TOT
The time the aircraft began attack on the target/the time the aircraft completed the mission and departed the target.
LINE 6./RESULTS
The specific results of the mission (e.g., “10 tanks destroyed, 150 killed in action (KIAs), enemy unit neutralized, mission successful”).
REMARKS
Other information appropriate to the tactical situation or as requested.
30
CAS CHECK-IN BRIEF FORM (Aircraft Transmits to Controller) Aircraft: “____________________________ this is __________________________” (Controller Callsign) (Aircraft Callsign) 1. Identification/ Mission Number: “_______________________________________” Note: Authentication and appropriate response suggested here. The brief may be abbreviated for brevity or security (“as fragged” or “by exception”). 2. Number and Type of Aircraft: “_________________________________________” 3. Position and Altitude: “________________________________________________” 4. Ordnance: “_________________________________________________________” 5. Time on station (TOS): “_______________________________________________” 6. Abort Code: “_______________________________________________________” (If applicable) Remarks: “__________________________________(NVG, LST, special mission info)
CAS MULTI-MISSION “9 LINE” FORM ACFT ON STATION FOR CONTROL “STBY FOR A NINE LINE…”
1. IP/ BP 2. HDG (DEG MAG) 3. DISTANCE (NM / MTRS) 4. TGT ELEV ( FT MSL) 5. TGT DESC (GENERAL) 6. TGT LOCATE(GRID) 7. MARK (CODE/ LTL) 8. FRIENDLIES (DIR/ DIST) 9. “EGRESS…” (DIR&DEST) REMARKS: RESTRICTION (FAH OR ALT) THREATS, ACA (SEAD GTL)… TOT / TTT AMPLIFYING INFORMATION (AS REQD)
A/C CS ________ MSN#_________ #/TYPE________ POS___________ ALT___________ ORD __________ TOS___________ ABT CODE_____ RMKS_________
A/C CS ________ MSN#_________ #/TYPE________ POS___________ ALT___________ ORD __________ TOS___________ ABT CODE_____ RMKS_________
A/C CS ________ MSN#_________ #/TYPE________ POS___________ ALT___________ ORD __________ TOS___________ ABT CODE_____ RMKS_________
L/R
L/R
L/R
31
CLOSE AIR SUPPORT (CAS) THE “9 LINE” BRIEF INSTRUCTIONS 1. IP/BP: _______________________________________________________________ IP (INITIAL POINT) or BP (BATTLE POSITION). For fixed-wing aircraft, the starting point for the run to the target. For rotary-wing aircraft, the area from which targets will be engaged. 2. HEADING: _______________________OFFSET:
L__________ R__________
Given in degrees magnetic. For fixed-wing aircraft this is the HDG from the IP to TGT given in degrees magnetic. For rotary-wing aircraft, this is the heading from the center of the battle position to the target. An offset is given when needed to restrict attack aircraft maneuvering due to enemy, WX, terrain, friendly fires, etc., or to control attack geometry. Offset direction indicates the side of the IP/BP target line the attacking aircraft can maneuver to position itself for the attack. However, an aircraft can proceed directly from the IP to target on the magnetic heading given in line 2 provided it does not violate the offset direction, if one is given. 3. DISTANCE: _________________________________________________________ From the IP/ BP to the target. For fixed-wing aircraft the distance is given in nautical miles (NM) and should be accurate to a tenth of a NM. For example, 12.3 NM would be transmitted as “twelve point three.” For rotary-wing aircraft, this distance is from the center of the battle position to the target expressed in meters and should be accurate to 5 meters. 4. TARGET ELEVATION: _______________________________________________ Expressed in feet above Mean Sea Level (MSL). 5. TARGET DESCRIPTION: _____________________________________________ The target description should be specific enough for the aircrew to recognize the target. The target should be described accurately and concisely. The description should aid the aircrew in anticipating visual cues for target acquisition.
32
CLOSE AIR SUPPORT (CAS) BRIEF THE “9 LINE” BRIEF (Continued) 6. TARGET LOCATION: ________________________________________________ The location of the target can be given in several ways; 6-digit UTM grid coordinates, latitude and longitude, navigation aid fix, or visual description from a conspicuous reference point are all acceptable. Because multiple grid coordinate system datum is in use, the specific datum being referenced should be specified in the JTAR and, if required, clarified by the brief. Terminal controllers should include the 100,000 meter grid identification. For area targets, use the center of the area or the location of the greatest concentration of enemy. For linear targets, use the ends of the target array. 7. MARK TYPE: __________________ CODE: _______________ LTL: _________ Type of mark to be employed--white phosphorous, illumination, IR pointer, laser, etc. If a laser designator is being employed, the four-digit laser code and the laser-to-target line are stated. 8. FRIENDLIES: _______________________________________________________ The location of friendly forces nearest the target is given. This position is referenced from the target—from the target to the position—and is expressed in a cardinal or semicardinal direction and a distance in meters. If the friendly position is marked, identify the type of mark. 9. EGRESS: ____________________________________________________________ The cardinal or semi-cardinal direction to be used when departing the target and control points to use when exiting the terminal control arena. Unlike all other lines of the brief, the word “egress” is transmitted before giving egress instructions.
REMARKS: ____________________________________________________________ The following information may be included if applicable: • • • • • • • •
Troops in contact or danger close Airspace coordination: final attack heading (FAH) or altitude restrictions Threat SEAD support in effect Active gun target lines Ordnance requested Hazards Weather
33
CLOSE AIR SUPPORT (CAS) BRIEF THE “9 LINE” BRIEF (Continued) TOT/TTT: ______________________________________________________________ OR TTT: ______________________________________________________________ The terminal controller will assign a TOT (time-on-target) or TTT (time-to-target). •
TOT. (GPS Default Method) Time-on-target is the specific time aircraft delivered ordnance will hit the target. The timing is based on a synchronized clock, GPS is the standard, that is used by all supporting arms agencies.
•
TTT. Time–to-target uses a countdown timer rather than a universal clock. The terminal controller states the number of minutes and seconds to elapse from the time the countdown is started to the time aircraft delivered ordnance hits the target; the countdown is started with the word “HACK.” For example, if the terminal controller were to say “six plus zero zero (6+00)…HACK,” ordnance should impact the target six minutes after the “HACK” was transmitted. Any other supporting arms/ ground elements involved in the mission must coordinate their timing from this countdown and “HACK.”
CAS MISSION NOTES:
34
CAS CHECK-OUT BRIEF (BDA REPORT) Aircraft: “____________________________ this is __________________________” (Controller Callsign) (Aircraft Callsign) Note: Authentication and appropriate response suggested here. The brief may be abbreviated for brevity or security (“as fragged” or “by exception”).
LINE 1.) CALLSIGN: “________________________________________________”
LINE 2.) MISSION NUMBER: “________________________________________”
LINE 3.) REQUEST NUMBER/JTAR: “__________________________________”
LINE 4.) LOCATION: “_______________________________________________”
LINE 5.) TIME ON TARGET: “_________________________________________”
LINE 6.) RESULTS: “ _________________________________________________”
REMARKS: “________________________________________________________” (Target area weather, significant sightings, EEIs…)
35
LASER DESIGNATION ZONES Acquisition Areas and Safety Zones. This diagram depicts the acquisition areas and safety zones as defined by the FMFM 5-41, CAS, 28 Oct 92 and FMFM 5-42, DAS, 4 Mar 93. This reference is to Laser Guided Weapons in general and is the current template for LGW employment. This depiction conforms to the Joint Warfighting Center Laser safety issues message regarding a recommended change to the J-Laser designator safety zone due to the A-10 incident at Fort Sill, Ok (R081957Z JAN 96).
36
HELLFIRE DESIGNATOR EXCLUSION ZONE This diagram shows the Hellfire designator exclusion zone. This is the most current template for Hellfire employment. The picture is listed in the AH-1W TACMAN (Revision F) and the U.S. Army’s Point Target Handbook as the Standard exclusion zone diagram for Hellfire employment.
37
HELLFIRE MISSILE SURFACE DANGER ZONES (W/LASER) This figure depicts the Surface Danger Zone (SDZ) for a Hellfire launch in which the missile was receiving laser energy prior to launch, regardless of the mode selected. Because of the large surface danger zone and the limited range of the designators, it may be necessary to place designator operators within the surface danger zone.
38
HELLFIRE MISSILE SURFACE DANGER ZONE (W/O LASER) This figure shows the SDZ for a Hellfire launch in which the missile was not receiving laser energy before launch. The surface danger zones provide for all firing modes of the Hellfire missile at fixed targets to include the effects of the warhead functioning at the edge of the impact area. Three designator zones and their specific range requirements are provided.
39
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40
LASER CAS OPERATIONS AN/PAQ-3 (MULE) DAY SIGHT OPERATIONS TACTICAL CHECKLIST 16. Set mode switch to DES position and pull trigger for count of three. The Never look into the laser, even when the malfunction indicator will flicker if lens cover is installed. Assume it is LDRM is operational. always dangerous and can cause 17. Set mode switch to OFF. blindness if it enters the eye. Refer to the 18. Remove lens cover. laser safety section of TM 08579A-12/1 19. Adjust eyepiece focus. Reticule and TM 9-1260-47812. distant object should both be in focus. WARNING 20. Set mode switch to RNG position. DO NOT AIM LASER at personnel, 21. Push and turn MIN RANGE SET knob. animals, or shiny reflective surfaces. DIST MTRS display should change. STTM 22. Set mode switch to OFF position. 1. Extend legs to notches and secure 23. Center crosshairs on a target aimpoint wing nuts. and note VA value. 2. Position DOWNHILL LEG 24. Center the upper 10-mil line on the downrange. target aimpoint VA value should have 3. Rotate TU until mounting flange is decreased by 10 + or – 3 mils. parallel to DOWNHILL LEG. 25. Center crosshairs on a target aimpoint 4. Center turnbuckles. and note DIR VALUE. 5. Adjust detent levers to coarse level. 26. Center the left 10-mil line on the target 6. Move handgrip to downward position aimpoint DIR value should have and lock EL brake knob. increased by 10 + or - 3 mils. 7. Remove LSRM/STTM interface STTM cable connector cover. 27. Rotate AZ ZERO ADJ knob. DIR 8. Push latch handle forward. value should change. LDRM LDRM 9. Set mode switch to OFF 28. Install eyepiece and lens cover. 10. Mount LDRM on STTM. 29. Secure AZ and EL brake knobs. STTM NFM 11. Pull back latch handle. 30. Set mode switch to ON. LDRM 31. NFM display will show “-888.8,” then 12. Connect LDRM/STTM interface will active dot for approximately 2 cable to LDRM. minutes with some occasional noise. A CAUTION number should appear. Always connect LDRM/STTM interface 32. Set DISPLAY/SLEW switch to TRUE cable before installing battery or EPA. position and hold until “-888.8” with 13. Install battery or EPA as required. brief alarm dot, then display with no STTM alarm dot. 14. Adjust turnbuckles to fire level. 33. Set MODE switch to OFF. LDRM 15. Remove eyepiece cover only. Ensure MULE IS READY FOR USE. lens cover is installed. WARNING
41
AN/PAQ-3 (MULE) OPERATIONS CHECKLIST NIGHT SIGHT PROCEDURES STTM 1. Rotate TU until handgrip points downward. 2. Tighten EL and AZ brake knobs. 3. Install night sight adapter on STTM and tighten mounting screw. Night Sight 4. Turn latching handle toward eyepiece. 5. Move coarse AZ KNOB to position 1. STTM 6. Install night sight and then push the latching handle forward. 7. Adjust turnbuckles to fire level. Night Sight 8. Set ON/OFF/STBY switch to OFF. 9. Install battery or vehicle power conditioner. STTM 10. Loosen EL brake knob. 11. Rotate TU in EL to position above horizontal. 12. Push and turn boresight pin knob CW to lock pin in extended position. Then rotate TU forward until boresight pin rests on STTM support.
Night Sight. 13. Remove lens cover. 14. Mount boresight collimator and install cable. 15. Set to NFOV. 16. Unlock AZ and EL locks. Set ON/OFF/STBY switch to ON. LDRM 17. Remove eyepiece and lens cover. 18. While looking through the LDRM, adjust the boresight collimator AZ and EL adjustment knobs until both reticules are aligned. Night Sight 19. Adjust BRT, CTRS, and RANGE FOCUS knobs for best viewing. 20. Adjust AZ and EL adjustments knobs until both reticules are aligned. 21. Set to WFOY and verify that the reticules are still aligned. 22. Ensure 4-bar target is clearly visible. 23. Set ON/OFF/STBY switch to OFF. 24. Remove bore sight collimator and cable. 25. Retract boresight pin. NIGHT SIGHT IS READY FOR USE.
42
AC-130 CALL-FOR-FIRE (CFF) 1.) Observer/Warning Order: “____________________ this is __________________ , Fire Mission, Over.” (AC-130) (Observer) 2.) Friendly Location/Mark: “My position ____________________________________ Marked by ______________________” (TRP, Grid, etc.) (Beacon, IR Strobe, etc.) 3.) Target Location: “__________________________________________________.” (Bearing (magnetic) & Range (meters), TRP, Grid, etc.) 4.) Target Description/Mark: “__________________________, marked by _____________________. Over.” (Target Description) (IR Pointer, Tracer, etc.) 5.) Remarks: “__________________________________________________________,” (Threats, danger close clearance, restriction, “At My Command, etc.”) As Required: 1.) Clearance: Transmission of the fire mission is clearance to fire. Danger close is 200m with the 105mm and 125m with the 40mm, 25mm and the 20mm. For closer fire, the observer must accept responsibility for increased risk. State “Cleared Danger Close” on the line five. This clearance may be preplanned. 2.) At My Command: State “At My Command” on the line five. The gunship will call “Ready Fire” when ready. 3.) Adjust Fire: Only adjust for marking rounds or incorrect target. Adjust from impact by giving range (meters) and cardinal (North, South, East, and West) direction. Don’ts: 1.) Do not ask the gunship to identify colors. 2.) Do not reference clock positions. 3.) Do not pass run-in headings/no-fire headings. 4.) Do not correct left/right or short/long.
43
NATO INFORMATION BRIEFING FORMATS NATO Fighter Check-In-Briefing (Permissive Environment) (Be prepared to use this format with NATO forces.) Aircraft Transmits to Controller: 1.) Aircraft Callsign: “_________________________________________” 2.) Mission Number: “_________________________________________” 3.) Authentication: “___________________________________________” FAC Authentication Response: “______________________________” 4.) Number and Type of Aircraft: “_______________________________” 5.) Ordnance “_______________________________________________” 6.) Position: “________________________________________________” 7.) Playtime: “_______________________________________________” 8.) Abort Code: “_____________________________________________”
NATO FIGHTER CHECK-IN BRIEFING WORKSHEET NATO Fighter Check-In Briefing (Uncertain/Hostile Environment) (Be prepared to use this format with NATO forces.) Aircraft Transmits to Controller: 1.) Aircraft Callsign: “________________________________________” 2.) Mission Number: “________________________________________” 3.) Authentication Response: “_________________________________” FAC Authentication Response: “_____________________________” 4.) Briefing Termination: “_____________________________________”
44
NATO FORWARD AIR CONTROLLER TO ATTACK AIRCRAFT BRIEFING MISSION C/S _____________________ ABORT CODE ________________” Note: 1.) A-J are mandatory brief items, (K-O are optional). 2.) Items A, D, G, H underlined are mandatory Readback (even if “NONE”). 3.) Heading and bearings magnetic unless true is requested. A.) IP: _____________________________________________________” B.) BEARING: “____________________________________________” C.) DISTANCE : “________________________________Nautical Miles” D.) TARGET LOCATION UTM OR LAT/LONG: “_______________________________________________________” E.) TARGET ELEVATION: “___________________________________” F.) TARGET DESCRIPTION: “_________________________________” G.) MANDATORY HEADING: “_______________________________” H.) FRIENDLY FORCES: “___________________________________” I.) ATTACK TIME TOT/TTT: “________________________________” J.) ATTACK CLEARANCE FAC C/S___________ TAD ____________ K.) TARGET INDICATION: REFERENCE PT [ ] SMOKE [ ] LIGHT/MIRROR [ ] LASER CODE:”___________________________________________” DESIGNATOR TO TARGET LINE(DTL): “____________________” L.) THREATS: ”______________________________________________” M.) WEATHER (IF SIGNIFICANT): “____________________________” N.) HAZARDS: “_____________________________________________” O.) EGRESS “________________________________________________”
45
NATO CLOSE AIR SUPPORT MULTIPLE MISSION WORKSHEET FAC TO FIGHTER INFORMATION A.) IP B.) Bearing C.) Distance “Nautical Miles” D.) Tgt Location (UTM) Lat/Long E.) Tgt Elevation F.) Target Description G.) Mandatory Attack Heading H.) Friendly Forces I.) Attack Time TOT/TTT J.) Attack Clearance FAC C/S/TAD K.) Target Ind Laser Code DTL Distance Elevation L.) Threats
Ref Pt/Smoke/Lt Mirror
Ref Pt/Smoke/Lt Mirror
Ref Pt/Smoke/Lt Mirror
M.) Weather (If significant) N.) Hazards O.) Egress Note: 1.) A-J are Mandatory Brief items, K-O are optional. 2.) Items A, D, G, and H underlined are mandatory read-back (Even if “NONE”). 3.) Heading and bearings magnetic unless true is requested.
46
ARTILLERY/ MORTAR CALL-FOR-FIRE (CFF) 1. Observer Identification “ (FDC) ______________________ THIS IS (observer) _____________________… 2. Warning Order “________________________________________________, over” (Adjust fire, fire for effect, suppression, immediate suppression/ smoke or SEAD*) * SEAD CFF WILL BE DISCUSSED SEPARATELY NOTE: If using the shift method of target location, “shift” must be transmitted after the type of mission in the warning order. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Break transmission for FDC’s read back - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.
Location of Target: employ one of 3 methods
GRID:
“Grid ___________________________, over” or
POLAR: “Direction ____________Distance __________up/ down__________, over” or SHIFT: “Direction ____________right/left __________add/ drop__________, over.”\ (Coordinates in grid, direction mils grid, distances vertical shifts in meters) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Break transmission for FDC’s read back - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4. Target Description “______________________________________________________________________” 5. Method of Engagement a. Type of adjustment: “__________” “Area” or “Precision” (area is standard) b. “DANGER CLOSE": predicted impact is within 600 m of friendly positions. c. Trajectory: “______________” “High” or “Low” (low is standard for arty) d. Projectile/ Fuze: “__________________/__________________________” Projectile options: HE, ICM, WP, RP, ILLUM, or Smoke (HE is standard) Fuze options: Quick, VT, time (quick is standard) 6.
Method of Fire and Control “When ready, at my command, TOT, CANNOT OBSERVE, CONTINUOUS ILLUM or COORDINATED ILLUM, over.” (when ready is standard) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Break transmission for FDC’s read back - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - THROUGHOUT THE CALL-FOR-FIRE, IF THE STANDARD IS USED, NOTHING NEEDS TO BE TRANSMITTED.
47
MESSAGE TO OBSERVER (MTO) At a minimum, the MTO will include the following (1-4): 1.
Firing Units___________________________________________________________
2.
Changes/Additions to the CFF____________________________________________
3.
Rounds in Effect (number of volleys)______________________________________
4.
Target Number________________________________________________________
The FDC will provide other information as required. The following information should be requested to facilitate CAS and surface fire support integration: 5.
Time of Flight ________________________________________________________
6.
Gun Target Lines__________________________________________(mils standard)
7.
Max Ord._________________________________________(meters AGL standard)
BASIC SEAD CALL-FOR-FIRE (CCF) 1. Observer Identification and warning order: “ (FDC) ______________________ THIS IS (observer) _____________________… SEAD, over.” - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Break transmission for FDC’s read back - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2. Location of Targets: “Suppression grid _________________Mark grid ____________________, over.” For suppression only, transmit “negative mark”; for mark only, transmit “negative suppression.” (Polar and shift methods may also be used; consult MCWP 3-16.6 for guidance) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Break transmission for FDC’s read back - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3. Target description, method of engagement, method of fire and control: “______________________, continuous, interrupted or non-standard, TOT______, over.” (brief Tgt description) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Break transmission for FDC’s read back - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
48
FIRE SUPPORT SCHEDULING WORKSHEET FIRE SUPPORT TEAM: ______ CALLSIGN: _______FREQ: ______ SUPPORTED UNIT: _________ MSN # JTAR #
FIRESUP ASSETS
UNIT CALL/ SIGN
TGT # OR LOCATION
INITIAL TOT
-5
-4
-3
-2
TOT -1 0
REMARKS +1
+2
+3
+4
+5
NGF Mortars Artillery RW CAS FW CAS GCE/ TF Maneuver
FIRE SUPPORT SCHEDULING WORKSHEET FIRE SUPPORT TEAM: ______ CALLSIGN: _______FREQ: ______ SUPPORTED UNIT: _________ MSN # JTAR #
FIRESUP ASSETS NGF Mortars Artillery RW CAS FW CAS GCE/ TF Maneuver
UNIT CALL/ SIGN
TGT # OR LOCATION
INITIAL TOT
-5
-4
-3
-2
TOT -1 0
REMARKS +1
+2
+3
+4
+5
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50
TARGET CARD
SECURITY CLASSIFICATION TARGET NUMBER
GRID COORDINATES
MAP SYMBOL
TARGET CLASS
ELEVATION
TARGET PRIORITY
MAP NUMBER
DESCRIPTION:
ASSIGNED TO: ( ) AIR
( ) NAVAL GUNFIRE
( ) ARTILLERY
( ) OTHER SUPPORT WEAPONS SOURCE AND DATE OF INFORMATION
PHOTO NUMBER
PHOTO
COORDINATES
REMARKS:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
SECURITY CLASSIFICATION FRONT OF TARGET CARD
51
RECORD OF MISSIONS
SECURITY CLASSIFICATION DATE/TIME GROUP
FIRING UNIT
NO. ROUNDS AND TYPE
DAMAGE REPORTED
DAMAGE ASSESSED
SECURITY CLASSIFICATION BACK OF TARGET CARD
52
CHARACTERISTICS OF U.S. ARTILLERY, MORTARS, AND ROCKETS Caliber
60 mm
81 mm
Model Max Range (m) Ammo
M224 3,500 (2)
M252 5,600 (3)
HE,WP, ILLUM
HE,WP,RP, ILLUM
HE, HC WP, ILLUM, APICM
Max Rate of Fire (RDS/Min) Sustnd Rate of Fire (RDS/Min) Range of RAP (m) Range of DPICM Min Range (m) Fuzes
30
35
20
ILLUM TIME (SEC) HE BURST WIDTH (1 RND) FPF
105 mm (1) M119A 11,500
155 mm
227 mm (1)
607 mm (1)
MLRS 32,000 45,000 (5) DPICM
ATACMS 165,000 300,000(6) APAM
10
M198 18,300 22,000(4) HE, HC, WP, ILLUM, APICM, DPICM, M825 Smoke, FASCAM, CPHD 4
12/40 Sec
2/20 Sec
15
3
2
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
19,500
30,100
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/a
14,100
N/A
N/A
75
70
N/A
18,000 28,200 (7) N/A
MO
MO
PD, VT, MT, MTSQ, Delay
25,000 70,000 ET
25
60
PD, VT, MT, MTSQ, CP, Delay 75
10,000 13,000 ET
120
N/A
N/A
28
35
35
50
100
N/A
90 3 Tubes
35 1 Tube
210 6 Guns
300 with 6 Guns
N/A
N/A
NOTES: 1.) U.S. Marine Corps units do not possess these weapons systems. However, Marine Corps units may operate with Army units equipped with these weapons. 2.) With M720 ammunition. 3.) With M821 ammunition. 4.) With M795 HE, M825 smoke ammunition. 5.) BBDPICM M864. 6.)ATACMS. ATACMS = Army Tactical Missile System MT = Mechanical Time (Fuze) LEGEND: ET = Electronic Time MTSQ = Mechanical Time Superquick (Fuze) HC = High Capacity RAP = Rocket-Assisted Projectile ILLUM = Illumination MO = Multi-Option Fuze (VT, PD, Delay)
53
U.S. ARTILLERY/MORTARS AMMUNITION TYPE
USE
High Explosive (HE)
Adjustment
Smoke (M825), Marking (WP)
Marking, screening, obscuration
Illumination
Light up the battlefield and selected targets Minefield emplacement
FASCAM (Family of Scatterable Mines) Copperhead
DPICM
Pinpoint target destruction
Antipersonnel and antimaterial
TARGETS
FIRED BY
Personnel, unarmored vehicles, light material Vehicles, POL locations, ammo dumps, FOs Battlefield illumination, marking ADAM (Antipersonnel) or RAAM (Anti-Tank) Point targets (command tanks. C2 vehicles, hardened sites) Personnel and armored vehicles
Artillery, NGF, mortars
54
REMARKS
Artillery, NGF, mortars
Artillery, NGF, mortars Artillery
Limited qty, long emplacement time
Artillery
Artillery, MLRS
Extremely lethal munitions, moderate dud rate
NAVAL GUNFIRE CALL-FOR-FIRE (CCF) 1. (IDENTIFICATION) (Ship) ___________________ THIS IS (observer) ________________________ 2. (WARNING ORDER) FIRE MISSION TARGET # ____________________________________-OVER-
3. (TARGET LOCATION) GRID ______________ ALTITUDE ___________ DIRECTION ___________ (polar) DIRECTION ____________ DISTANCE _________ UP/DN _________ (shift) DIRECTION _________ R/L _____ +/- ________ UP/DN ____________ 4. (TARGET DESCRIPTION) ____________________________________________
5. (METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT) DANGER CLOSE (750M) ______________________________________________ (cardinal direction & distance) (first salvo intention) (trajectory) REDUCED CHARGE (full charge standard) (ammunition) HE, WP, ILLUMINATION (HE/Q standard) Q
DELAY
TIME
VT
IN EFFECT
6. (METHOD OF FIRE & CONTROL) ______ GUNS _______SALVOS IN EFFECT (one gun standard) (special instructions) TOT, COOR ILLUM, CONT ILLUM, AMC, FFE, SHIP ADJUST, [SPOTTER ADJUST (standard) -OVER-
SHIP’S REPORT GTL/LOF ___________ *TRUE, READY, (TOF) __________, BREAK FIRE-OVER(when required) SUMMIT _____________ FEET FIRST SALVO INTENTION (danger close) __________-OVER-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------RECORD AS TARGET, END OF MISSION, (surv) _____________________________
55
NAVAL GUNFIRE SUPPORT SHIPS CLASS CG-Guided Missile Cruiser CG 47 Ticonderoga Class DD-Destroyer DD 963 Spruance Class
GUN TYPE
# OF GUNS
AMMUNITION CAPACITY1
5” 54
2
1,200
5” 54
2
1,200
DDG-Destroyer 1,200 2 5” 54 DDG 31 SDTS Class 1,200 2 5” 54 DDG-51 Arleigh Burke Class 1,200 2 5” 54 DDG 993 Kidd Class Ammunition allowance figures are approximate and will vary from ship to ship in a given class. 5”54=MK-45
NAVAL GUNFIRE AMMUNITION GUN
ROCKET ASSISTED PROJECTILE 5” 54 FULL CHARGE 5” 54 REDUCED CHARGE 5” 54
ROUND MAX RANGE METERS
EFFECTIVE RANGE METERS
BURSTING RATE OF RANGE FIRE METERS1 (SUST)
RAP
29,181
27,000
40
N/A
HE/WP
23,300
21,000
40
32(20)
HE/WP
12,200
11,000
40
32(20)
ILLUMINATION DATA: Height of Burst (HOB)=500(M)
Burn Time=45/72(sec) Rate of Fall(m/sec) =10/2
1
The maximum horizontal range listed using standard conditions and new barrels. Maximum range will vary considerably depending on bore wear and atmospheric conditions.
56
JOINT TACTICAL RECONNAISSANCE SURVEILLANCE REQUEST FORM L. REQUEST NUMBER. __________________________________
FROM:
PREPLANNED: PRECEDENCE ___________PRIORITY_________ TO: IMMEDIATE: PRIORITY__________________________________ M. TYPE RECON REQUESTED: 1. TYPE MISSION:
(A) (C) 2. TYPE COVERAGE: (A) (C) 3. SENSOR: (A) (C) (E) 4. TYPE PHOTO: (A) (C)
VISUAL______ WX__________ STRIP/LOC___ AREA _______ OPTICAL ____ SLAR ______ OTHER_______ VERTICAL____ PAN_________
(B) IMAGERY____ (B) (D) (B) (D)
( )APPROVED ( )DISAPPROVED BY/REASON:
PINPOINT ____ SENT: AFLOAT _____ TIME: IR____________ BY: LASER_______ RECEIVED (B) OBLIQUE_____ (D) STEREO______ TIME: BY: 5. TYPE FILM: (A) B&W_______ (B) COLOR______ CHECKED BY: (C) IR___________ (D) CAMO DET___ N. MAP REFERENCE: ACKNOWLEDGE PRODUCER 1. AMS_____________ 2. ACIC/DMAAC_________ D 3. NAVOCEANO_____ BDE /REGT: 4. OTHER (SPECIFY) _________________________ SERIES______ SHEET______ EDITION_______ DATE_________ O. TARGERT COORDINATES AND DESCRIPTION: DIV: 1. UTM/LAT/LONG________________ OTHER_____________ CORP: 2. TARGET DESCRIPTION: (A.) AIRFIELD (I.) LOC OTHER: (B.) ARMOR (J.) MISSILE SITE-DEF (C.) ARTILLERY (K.) MISSILE SITE OFF COORDINATION (D.) BARRACKS (L.) R/R YARD RCVD: (E.) BRIDGE (M.) STORAGE AREA (F.) COMM/ELEC/RDR (N.) TROOPS/VEHICLES (G.) DEF POS/STRONG POINT (O.) OTHER___________ DTG: (H.) HARBOR PORT/FACILITY
57
JOINT TACTICAL RECONNAISSANCE SURVEILLANCE REQUEST FORM (Continued) P. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION (EEI) TO BE SATISFIED
BY: (G-2) AIO) DTG:
Q. *ACCEPTABLE PHOTO SCALE/SCALE LIMITS:
COORDINATED
R. REPORTS AND MUMBER OF PRINTS OR PLOTS REQUIRED: ( ) FSE (1.) REPORTS: (A.) INFLTREP (C/S FREQ) _______(B.) MISREP_____
( ) AIR DEF
(C.) HOTPHOTO_________________(D.) IPIR________(E.) SUPIR________ ( ) AVN
(2.) PRODUCTS (QUANTITY) (A.) PRINTS______(B.) DUPOS_______(C.) NEG_______(D.) PLOT_______ S. DELIVERY ADDRESS: (1.) UNIT/ADDRESS_____________________________
( ) HGF
**(2.) COORDINATES FOR AIRDROP________________ **(3.) CS/FREQ____________________________________ T. DATE/TIME FACTORS: (1.) DATE DESIRED_____________**(2.) TOT (IF APPLICABLE)_____________
NOTIFIED ( ) MIBRS
(3.) DNLV_____________________________________________________________ (4.) PRIOR COVERAGE ACCEPTABLE (DAYS PRIOR)______________________
58
( )II
JOINT TACTICAL RECONNAISSANCE SURVEILLANCE REQUEST FORM (Continued) U. REMARKS/SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: **(1.) TARGET AREA CONTROL:C/S/FREQ/ORBIT P_______ (2.) INFLIGHT REPORT C/S/FREQ______________________
BY DTG REQUESTING UNIT NOTIFIED BY DTG
(3.) RUN IN HEADING FOR AIR DROP__________________ (4.) OTHER__________________________________________ V. FIRE PLAN (1.) ACA: (A.) IS NOT IN EFFECT___(B.) NUMBER ______ (2.) IN EFFECT: (A.) FROM TIME________(B.) TO TIME _________ (3.) LOCATION__________________ (FROM COORD)
_______________ (TO COORD)
(4.) WIDTH IN METERS______________________________ (5.) ALTITUDE/VERTEX (A.)___________________ (B.)___________________ (MAX VERTEX) (MIN VERTEX) W. AIR MISSION DATA (1.) MISSION NUMBER _________________________________ (2.) C/S________________________________________________ (3.) TYPE ACFT________________________________________ (4.) EST/ACT TAKEOFF_________________________________ (5.) EST TOT __________________________________________ (6.) CONT PT/RDV(COORD NAVAID) ____________________ (7.) INITIAL CONTACT_________________________________ (8.) FINAL CONT(TACT/FAC) C/S**FREQ_________________ (9.) ACA (SEE BLOCK V)________________________________ (10.)**TGT DESCRIPTION ______________________________ (11.) TARGET COORD/ELEVATION _______/________/______ *INDICATES USE BY IMAGE INTERPRETER. **INDICATES USE AS APPLICALBLE OR WHEN KNOWN. ENCIRCLED LINE DESIGNATORS ARE ITEMS THAT THE REQUESTER COMPLETES.
59
AIR ACTION RCVD AT DTG BY: ( ) ACCEPT ( ) REFUSE REASON:
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60
JOINT TACTICAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE REQUEST FORM A.) REQUEST NUMBER___________________ ( ) 1. PREDEDENCE __________ ( ) 2. PRIORITY ______________ B.) MAP REFERENCE/PRODUCER: ( ) 1. AMS ( ) 2. ACIC ( ) 3. NAVOCEANO ( ) 4. OTHER (Specify)______ SERIES_________________________________ DATE__________________________________ C.) TYPE EW MISSION SUPPORT REQUESTED: ( ) 1. ESM ( ) 2. ECM ( ) 3. COMBINATION D.) MISSION TO BE SUPPORTED(DESCRIBE) 1. NATURE OF MISSION__________________ 2. ROUTE OF TRAVEL______TIMING ______ 3. FORCE SIZE __________________________ E.) ESTIMATED THREAT TO EW SUPPORT MISSION (1)___________________ (2)___________________ (3)___________________ (4)___________________ (5)___________________ (6)___________________ (7)___________________ (8)___________________ (9)___________________ F.) ESTIMATED EOB TO AFFECT MISSION (TYPE, ELECTRONIC, FREQ, LOCATION) G.) DESIRED RESULTS: 1. ESM
A) AREA SEARCH____________ B) SPECIFIC SEARCH_________
2. ECM _________________________________
61
FROM TO
( ) APPROVED ( ) DISAPPROVE BY/REASON
SENT: TIME:
BY:
RECEIVED: TIME: BY: CHECKED BY: ACKNOWLEDGED: NOTES:
1.)____________________ ______________________ 2.)____________________ ______________________ 3.)____________________ ______________________ 4.)____________________
JOINT TACTICAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE REQUEST FORM (Continued) H.) COORDINATING INSTRUCTIONS: 1. MSN REVENDEZVOUS____________________
COORDINATION: 1.)____________________ ____________________ 2.)____________________ ____________________
2. MSN CONTACT (C/S, FREQS): A. PRIMARY:________________________ B. SECONDARY:_____________________ 3. FRIENDLY FORCE(S) POSSIBILITY AFFECTED: A. UNIT(S):_________________________ B. ADDRESS:_______________________ I.) REPORTS:
3.)____________________ ____________________ 4.)____________________ ____________________ COORDINATED WITH: ( ) ARTILLERY
1. INFLTR PLT C/S_________ FREQ_________ 2. MISREP_______________________________ 3. TEST MSG ____________________________ 4. OTHER _______________________________ J.) REMARKS/SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
( ) AIR DEFENSE
( ) AVAITION ( ) NGF
A._________JAMMING FREQ RESTRICTIONS K.)
REQUESTING UNIT NOTIFIED BY:
1. PLANNED ACA A. ___IS NOT IN EFFECT B. NUMBER_________
DTG BY:
2. IN EFFECT A. (FROM TIME)_______ B. (TO TIME) __________ L.) AIR MISSION DATA (#s 1-12) 1.) MSN #:________________________
2.) AIRCRAFT C/S:__________________
3.) NO/TYPE A/C:________/__________ 4.) EST/ACT TAKEOFF:______________ 5.) REVENDEZVOUS (COORD/NAVFIX)____________________________________
62
JOINT TACTICAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE REQUEST FORM (Continued) 6.) MSN CONTACT: C/S________________________ FREQ______________________
7.) MSN TIMING: TOT_____________________________________ DURATIONS_____________________________
8.) ESM (A.) AREA OF SEARCH _________________________________________ (B.) SIGNALS TO BE SEARCHED _________________________________ 9.) ECM (A.) PROFILE____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ (B.) TYPE SIGNALS/FREQS FOR ECM ______________________________ (C.) CHAFF/DECOY ______________________________________________ 10.) INFLT REPORT
11.) PLANNED ACA
C/S______________________________ FREQ____________________________ (BLOCK K) 12.) REMARKS:
63
JOINT TACTICAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE REQUEST FORM INSTRUCTIONS TITLE AND ELEMENTS Line A Request Number
EXPLANATION As directed
1. Precedence
1. Indicate the requester’s assignment relative to his other requests stated numerically in descending order of importance
2. Priority
2. Use numerical designation below to define the tactical situation.
Priority No.
Priority
Definition
1.
Emergency
Targets that require immediate action and precedence over all other categories of mission priority.
2.
Priority
Targets that require immediate action and precedence over routine targets.
3.
Routine
Targets of opportunities that do not demand urgency in execution. Self-explanatory. Self-explanatory. Describe in sufficient detail, the profile and specifics of the mission needing support. The amount and type of support will be determined, to a large extent, from the information provided here. List the known and suspected enemy order of battle that will probably affect the mission to be supported. Self-explanatory.
Line B Map Reference Producer Line C Type EW Mission Support Requested Line D Mission to be Supported
Line E
Estimated Threat to Mission
Line F
Estimated EOB to affect mission.
64
JOINT TACTICAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE REQUEST FORM INSTRUCTIONS (Continued) TITLE AND ELEMENTS Line G Desired Results
Line H
EXPLANATION Describe the objectives of the requested support.
1. ESM
Include EEI that collection is responding to. When requesting Specific Search, provide EEI on emitter to be collected on; i.e. radio frequency (RF), pulse repetition frequency (PRF), pulse duration (PD), scan type (SCAN), scan duration/rate (SD/R), and other significant information.
2. ECM
Tactics and Employment Methods may be recommended.
Coordinating Instructions 1. Mission Rendezvous
Designate by coordinates or navigation system fix when mission requires inflight rendezvous
2. Mission Contact
List the callsign(s) and communication frequencies for the supported agency to be contacted by mission aircraft when contact is necessary.
3. Friendly Force(s) Possibly Affected
Line I
Reports
If there is a chance that the effects of the requested mission will interfere with other operation, provide information on the units that may be affected; include description of interference when known. Self-explanatory.
Line J
Remarks/Special Instruction
Self-explanatory.
65
JOINT TACTICAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE REQUEST FORM INSTRUCTIONS (Continued) TITLE AND ELEMENTS Line K 1. Planned Airspace Coordination Area A.
Is Not In Effect
B.
Number
2. In effect
EXPLANATION 1. Safety measures for EW support mission. The restrictive fire plan establishes airspace/surface area that is reasonably safe from friendly, surfacedelivered, non-nuclear fires. The restrictive air plan provides a warning of aircraft of the parameters of surfacedelivered fire in a specific area. A plan number is issued, as appropriate. The plan should be identified as “Fire” or “Air.” 2. Establishes the time period that the applicable plan will be in effect.
A. From time B. To time 3. Location
3. Military grid coordinates by bearing and distances from a known navigation aid
A. From coordinates B. To coordinates 4. Width (Meters)
4. From either side of the centerline defined by the above coordinates (May not apply to the restrictive air plan.)
5. Altitude/VERTEX
(Use sub-item A for VERTEX only entry). Given in mean sea level (MSL FT) altitude, altitude above sea level.
A. Maximum/Vertex
B. Minimum/Vertex
Self-explanatory.
66
JOINT TACTICAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE REQUEST FORM INSTRUCTIONS (Continued) TITLE AND ELEMENTS
EXPLANATION (To be filled out by mission tasking agency)
Line L AIR MISSION DATA ACTION COLUMN ALONG RIGHT EDGE APPROVED/DISAPPROVED
Indicate approval action by requestor.
SENT
Initials of sender and time sent.
RECEIVED
Initials of sender and time received.
CHECKED BY
Indicate agencies (persons) having reviewed the request after receipt. This may lead to further action requiring use of top blocks by higher echelon.
ACKNOWLEDGED
Use as locally directed or as necessary.
COORDINATION/COORDINTED
Self-explanatory.
REQUESTING UNIT NOTIFIED BY
Indicate person who notified the requestor of action being taken and time notified.
AIR ACTION
Indicate person who received approved request and time received. Indicated whether or not mission will be tasked and reason for refusal.
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U.S. ATTACK FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT Aircraft M/D/S
Owning Service
Ordnance
AV-8B
USMC
AV-8B II+
USMC
LGBs(1) AGM-65 Maverick GP bombs CBUs Napalm 2.75’ rockets 5.00” rockets LUU-2 flares LUU-19 flares 25mm cannon Same as above
AV-8B (with Litening II pods) AC-130H
USMC
AC-130U
USAF (SOF)
USAF (SOF)
Laser Capability LST LTD Yes No
Marking Capability
Other Systems
Rockets
TV NVG GPS FLIR
No
No
Rockets
Same as above (off-board designator not required for LGBs) 105-mm howitzer 40-mm cannon 20-mm cannon
Yes
Yes
Rockets Laser IR marker
No
Yes (1)
105-mm howitzer 40-mm cannon 20-mm cannon
No
Yes
GLINT 105-mm WhitePhosphorous (WP), 105-mm High Explosive (HE), 40-mm MISCH LTD (1668 only) GLINT 105-mm WP, 105-mm HE, 40-mm MISCH Codable LTD Laser WP Rockets
FLIR NVG GPS Radar CCD TV FLIR NVG GPS FLIR LLLTV Radar GPS
F-14 (With USN LANTIRN)
FLIR LLLTV Radar GPS
LGBs No Yes FLIR GP bombs GPS 20mm cannon NVG Aerial mines Radar LUU-2 flares F-15E USAF LGBs No Yes Laser FLIR GP bombs Radar CBUs Air-to-Air Missle(AAM) 20mm cannon (1) Although these aircraft can carry and release LGBs, they require off-board designation for terminal guidance. (2) GPS on some aircraft. LGBs=Laser Guided Bombs. CBUs=Cluster Bomb Units.
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U.S. ATTACK FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT (Continued) Aircraft M/D/S
Owning Service
Ordnance
F-16 (without LANTIRN)
USAF
AGM-65 Maverick LGBs (1) GP bombs CBUs 20mm cannon
F-16 C/D (with LANTIRN)
USAF
AGM-65 Maverick LGBs GP bombs CBUs 20mm cannon
F/A-18
USN USMC
Laser Capability LST LTD No No
No
Yes
Marking Capability
Other Systems
WP rockets
Radar GPSs (2)
Laser WP rockets HE rockets
FLIR GPS NVG Radar
LGBs Yes Yes Laser FLIR AGM-65 Maverick WP rockets GPS AGM-62 Walleye HE rockets NVG AGM-84 SLAM Radar AGM-88 HARM IR Pointer JDAM JSOW GP bombs CBUs Aerial mines LUU-2 flares 2.75’ rockets 5.00” rockets 20mm cannon (1.) Although these aircraft can carry and release LGB’s, they require off-board designation for terminal guidance. (2) GPS on some aircraft. LGBs=Laser Guided Bombs. CBUs=Cluster Bomb Units.
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U.S. ATTACK ROTARY-WING AIRCRAFT A/C M/D/S
Owning Service
Ordnance
BGM-71 (TOW) AGM-114 5.0” rockets 2.75”rockets 20-mm cannon AGM-114L 2.75”rockets 30-mm cannon AGM-114L 2.75”rockets 30-mm cannon
Max Range (m) 3750 8000 7200 6-7500 1500 8000 6-7500 3000 8000 6-7500 3000
AH-1W
USMC
AH-64A
USA
AH-64D (including Longbow)
USA
UH-1N
USMC
Max RDS 8 8 8 76 750 16 76 1200 16 76 1200
2.75” rockets .50 cal machinegun 7.62-mm (GAU-17)
6-7500 1830 1000
76 500 5000
Laser Capability LST LTD No Yes
Marking Capability
Other Systems
Laser Rockets
FLIR NVG GPS IR Pointer FLIR NVG
Yes
Yes (1)
Laser Rockets
Yes
Yes (1)
Laser Rockets
No
No
Rockets
Oh-58D USA AGM-114L Hellfire 8000 16 Yes Yes Laser (Kiowa 2.75”rockets 6-7500 76 Rockets Warrior) .50 cal machine gun 1830 500 (1) The AH64 helicopters cannot designate laser codes 1711 to 1788. (2) The AH-1W can designate codes 1111-1488, but has max effectiveness from 1111-1178. IMD=Improved Data Modem.
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FLIR NVG GPS IDM (1) Radar FLIR NVG GPS FLIR NVG
U.S. AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT Aircraft M/D/S AW-1W UH-1N OH-58D
Preferred Reference System UTM (1) UTM UTM
AH-64
UTM
8 Digits, need grid zone and spheroid
AC-130
UTM
8 Digits, need grid zone and spheroid
Degrees, minutes, seconds; GPS
AV-8B
UTM Latitude/ Longitude
8 digits need grid zone and spheroid (GPS)
Degrees, minutes, tenths, seconds, and thousandths
F-14
Latitude/ Longitude Latitude/ Longitude
F-15E
F-16A
Latitude/ Longitude
F-16C/D Block 25/30
Latitude/ Longitude
F-16C/D Block 40/50
Latitude/ Longitude
F/A-18
UTM Latitude/ Longitude
MGRS/UTM Capability
Latitudinal/Longitudinal Capability
Offset Data
None (2) None (2) 8 digits
Yes Yes Degrees, minutes, tenths, hundredths Degrees, minutes, tenths
None None None Degrees magnetic, meters Degrees magnetic, meters Degrees magnetic, nautical miles, elevation in feet.
Degrees, minutes, tenths 10 digits; conversion faults
Degrees, minutes, and thousandths
6 digits; need latitude/longitude of 0000 corner of UTM square conversion faults 6 digits; need latitude/longitude of 0000 corner of UTM square conversion faults 6 digits; need latitude/longitude of 0000 corner of UTM square conversion faults 6 digits; need grid zone and spheroid; degrees, minutes, seconds
Degrees, minutes, tenths
Degrees, minutes, tenths, hundredths
Degrees true and feet (target to offset)
Degrees, minutes, tenths, hundredths, thousandths
Degrees, minutes, tenths, hundredths
Degrees, minutes, seconds
Range: feet, meters, nautical miles/yards; Bearing; degrees true; Elevation: feet/meters
(1) UTM = Universal Transverse Mercator. (2) The AH-1W 1686 and UH-1N CDNU aircraft are equipped with GPS.
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Degrees true and feet (target to offset) Degrees true and feet (target to offset)
RAPID WEAPONEERING Target
Preferred Weapons
Personnel Armored Vehicles Field Artillery Rockets and Surface-to-Surface Missiles Antiaircraft artillery (fixed sites) Antiaircraft artillery (mobile) Runways Aircraft in the open and revetted Aircraft shelters and bunkers Penetrating Air launched missile support facilities Fortified fighting positions and concrete pillboxes Simple log bunkers
CBUs and GP Bombs PGMs, CBUs, GBUs PGMs, GP Bombs, CBUs PGMs, GP Bombs, CBUs PGMs, GP Bombs, CBUs PGMs, GP Bombs, CBUs GP Bombs PGMs, CBUs, Guns, Rockets, GP Bombs PGMs, GP Bombs, CBUs PGMs, GP Bombs PGMs and GP Bombs with penetration capability PGMs and GP Bombs with penetration capability PGMs with penetrating warheads
C3 centers and other hardened underground targets Bridges Dams Locks Trucks and tracked prime movers Route segments (highway and railroad) Railroad equipment and railyards Tunnels SAM systems (with central guidance radars) SAM systems (with standalone radars) SAM support facilities Radar sites Communication facilities (above ground) Antennas Supply and POL facilities (supply storage) Supply and POL facilities(in the open/buildings) Supply and POL facilities (POL storage) POL pumping station POL refineries Ammunition production installations Light manufacturing and repair installations Above ground buildings Powerplants Composite ground forces (CP, vehicles, fuel supply, ammo, support vehicles, etc.)
PGMs, GP Bombs PGMs and GP Bombs with penetration capability PGMs, GP Bombs CBUs, PGMs, GP Bombs PGMs and GP Bombs for cratering PGMs and GP Bombs PGMs with penetration warheads PGMs, ARMs, CBUs, GP Bombs PGMs, ARMs, CBUs, GP Bombs PGMs, GP Bombs PGMs, CBUs, GP bombs, ARMs PGMs, GP Bombs GP Bombs, PGMs GP Bombs and CBUs with incendiary capability GP Bombs and CBUs with incendiary capability GP Bombs, PGMs GP Bombs, PGMs PGMs, GP Bombs PGMs, GP Bombs PGMs, GP Bombs PGMs, GP Bombs PGMs, GP Bombs, CBUs PGMs, CBUs
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ORDNANCE NOMENCLATURE Description 500 #lb Bomb 500 #lb Bomb 1000 #lb Bomb 2000 #lb Bomb Cluster Bomb Unit Cluster Bomb Unit Rockeye Napalm Low Speed FAE High Speed FAE Fire Bomb 500 lb Incendiary CBU 5” Zuni Rocket 2.75” Rocket 2.75” Rocket 7.62 mm 20 mm 25 mm Guided Missile Standard Arm Strike Bulldog Para Flare Para Flare Para Flare Bright Eye Target Marker (Log) RCA CS Smoke AAM Sparrow AAM Sidewinder Practice Bomb Practice Bomb Practice Bomb Practice Bomb Practice Bomb Sensor
Ordnance Nomenclature MK 82 Low Drag MK 82 High Drag (Snakeye) MK 83 Low Drag MK 84 Low Drag CBU 24/29/49 CBU 58 (replacing CBU 24) MK 20, CBU-99/100 CBU 59 CBU 55 CBU 72 MK 115 Mod O MK-77 (Napalm) M 126 (M-36) LAU 10 (4 shot) LAU 33 (2 shot) LAU 32/59/68 7 Shot Pod LAU 3A/60A/61A/69A 19 Shot Pod M60C/SUU 11 AV8B Walleye II MK 5 Mod 2 AGM 78A, B, C, or D AGM 45A AGM 83A MK 24 (SUU 40/44 Dispenser) MK 45 (SUU 40/44 Dispenser) MLU 29 Mk 6 Mod 3 Target Marker MK 12 (Smoke Tank w/CS) MK 77 (Nape Tank w/CS) MK 12 (Smoke Tank w/CS) AIM 7 AIM 9 MK 76 MK 86 MK 106 MK 88 (Water/Sand 1000 lb) MK 87 (Water/Sand 500 lb) ADSIC/CSQ 117/CGQ 141/GSQ 107
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Code B82a B82 B83 B84
C59 C55 C72
R5 R275
R275 G762 G20 G25 M78 M45 M83
M7 M9 P76 P86 P106 I84 I82
ORDNANCE SELECTION GUIDE 1.
2.
Target Personnel a. In open
Recommended Ordnance
Fuzing
Chemical weapons Cluster weapons (frag bomblets) Firebombs General purpose bombs HE gun projectiles
Instantaneous or VT
VT
b.
In fighting holes
Chemical weapons Cluster weapons (frag bomblets) Fuel-air explosives General purpose bombs
c.
Under light cover
Chemical weapons Short Delay General purpose bombs Rockets (armor piercing warhead) 20 mm API Cluster weapons (shaped charge bomblets)
d.
Under heavy cover (concrete bunkers)
General purpose bombs Guided weapons (large warhead)
Armored vehicles (tanks, APCs & mobile assault guns)
Long delay
TOW missile, Instantaneous or short Hellfire missiles delay Shaped charge weapons Electro-optically guided bombs (EOGBs) General purpose bombs Guided weapons (shaped charge warhead) Laser guided bombs (LGBs) Rockets (armored piercing warhead)
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ORDNANCE SELECTION GUIDE (Continued) 3.
4.
Target Field Artillery
Fuzing
a.
In open
-Cluster weapons (frag and shaped charge bomblets) -Electro-optically guided bombs (EOGBs) -General purpose bombs -Guided weapons (large shaped charge warhead)
Proximity, Instantaneous, or Short Delay
b.
In revetments
-Cluster weapons (shape charge bomblets) -Electro-optically guided Bombs (EOGBs) -General purpose bombs -Guided weapons (large shaped charge warhead)
Instantaneous or VT
c.
In covered positions
-General purpose bombs -Guided weapons (large warhead)
Delay
Antiaircraft Artillery a.
5.
Recommended Ordnance
Automatic
b. Self-Propelled Rocket Launchers
Same as 3 with the following additions: -Firebombs -20 mm HEI Same as 2 -Cluster weapons (shaped charge bomblets) -General purpose bombs -Guided weapons (large warhead)
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Instantaneous or VT
ORDNANCE SELECTION GUIDE (Continued) 6.
Target Missile Sites
Recommended Ordnance
Fuzing Instantaneous, or VT
a.
Surface-to-air missiles
-Anti-radiation missiles Followed by cluster weapons (frag and shaped charge bomblets) -Retarded bombs -General purpose bombs
b.
Surface-tosurface missiles, Liquid-fuel missiles
Same as 2 with the following additions: -Cluster weapons followed by -Incendiary weapons or Firebombs -General Purpose Bombs
Instantaneous or VT
Solid-fuel missiles
-Cluster Weapons (frag or Shaped charged bomblets) - Electro-optically guided bombs (EOGBs) -General purpose bombs -Laser guided bombs(LGBs)
Instantaneous or VT
Instantaneous or VT
7.
Radar Installations
-Antiradiation missiles, -Cluster weapons (frag or Shaped charged bomblets) - Electro-optically guided bombs (EOGBs), -Laser guided bombs (LGBs) -Firebombs, -General purpose bombs, -20mm cannons, -Fuel air explosive (FAE)
Instantaneous or VT
8.
Field Fortifications
-General purpose bombs -Guided weapons (warhead 190 lbs)
Delay
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ORDNANCE SELECTION GUIDE (Continued) Target 9. Supply Depots or Dumps
10.
Recommended Ordnance
Fuzing
a.
Staked ammo
-Shaped charge weapons -Fire & incendiary weapons -Large blast & fragmentation weapons
b.
POL storage drums
-Large blast & fragmentation weapons, -Large shaped charge weapons
c.
POL storage drums
-General purpose bombs, -Shaped charge weapons, -Cluster weapons (frag bomblets)
d.
POL underground
-General purpose bombs
Penetration and/or cratering (delay and/or steel nose plug)
-General purpose bombs
Delay
Land Transportation a. Roads b.
Trucks
c.
Railways -track
Rolling stock
-Cluster weapons (shaped charge bomblets) -Incendiary or firebombs -General purpose bombs -Guided weapons -Shaped charge weapons Strafing attacks
-General purpose bombs -Land mines
Delay
-General purpose bombs -Guided weapons (large warheads) -Incendiary weapons
Instantaneous or delay
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ORDNANCE SELECTION GUIDE (Continued) Target Locomotives
Recommended Ordnance
Fuzing
-Cluster weapons (shaped charge bomblets) -General purpose bombs -Guided weapons (large warheads) -Projectiles & rockets
ORDNANCE “QUICK” REFERENCE GUIDE Family Aerial mines Mk-52
Types of Ordnance Mk-52 Mk-55 Mk-56 AGM-122 Sidearm AGM-88 HARM Mk-20 Rockeye CBU-78 Gator AGM-154A/B JSOW (cluster versions) MK 82, 83, 84 FAE NAPALM/MK-77 AGM-65 IR & Laser Maverick AGM-84D Harpoon AGM-84E SLAM AGM-114 Hellfire AGM-154A/B/C JSOW (C model is unitary version) BGM-71 TOW CALCM GBU 10, 12, 16, 24 GBU-31 JDAM
Anti-radiation missiles (ARMs) CBUs GP bombs Incendiary Precision guided munitions (PGM)
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RISK-ESTIMATE DISTANCES FOR AIRCRAFT DELIVERED ORDNANCE (Combat Only) WARNING:
RISK-ESTIMATE DISTANCES ARE FOR COMBAT USE AND ARE NOT MINIMUM SAFE DISTANCES FOR PEACETIME TRAINING.
See JMEMS, appropriate Service or Command guidance, or FM 90-20/FMFRP 272/ACCP 50-28/USAFEP 50-9/PACAFP 50-28/CINCLANTFLTINST 3330.5 ("J-FIRE") for peacetime restrictions. Item
Description
Risk-Estimate Dist (m)
MK-82 LD
500-lb bomb
10% PI 250
0.1% PI 425
MK-82 HD MK-82 LGB MK-83 HD/LD MK-83 LGB MK-84 HD/LD MK-84 LGB
500-lb bomb(retarded) 500-lb bomb(GBU-12) 1000-lb bomb 1000-lb bomb(GBU) 2000-lb bomb 2000-lb bomb(GBU-10/24)
100 250 275 275(1) 325 225(1)
375 425 (1) 475 475 (1) 500 500(1)
MK-20(2)
Rockeye (antiarm or CBU)
150
225
MK-77 CBU-55/77(2)
500-lb napalm(FAE) Fuel-air explosive (FAE)
100 (1)
150 (1)
CBU-52(2)
CBUs (All Types)
275
450
CBU-58/71(2,3)
CBUs (All Types)
350
525
CBU-87(2)
CBUs (All Types)
175
275
CBU-89(3)
CBUs (All Types)
175
275
2.75 FFAR
Rocket with various warheads
160
200
5.00 FFAR SUU-11 M-4,M-12, SUU-23,M-61 GAU-12 GPU-5A, GAU-8 AGM-65 (4)
Zuni with various warheads 7.62mm mini-gun 20mm gattling gun 25mm gun 30mm gattling gun Maverick (TV, IIR, laser guided bomb) Walleye II (2400-lb TV guided bomb)
150
200
100 100 100 25
150 150 150 100
275
500
MK-1MK-21
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RISK-ESTIMATE DISTANCES FOR AIRCRAFT DELIVERED ORDNANCE (Combat Only), (Continued) Item
MK-5/MK-23 AGM-123A
AC-130 (5)
Description
Walleye II (2400-lb TV guided bomb) Skipper (1000-lb laser guided rocket-booster bomb) 20mm, 30mm, 40mm 105 Cannon
Risk-Estimate Dist (m) 10% PI 0.1% PI (1)
(1)
275(1)
500(1)
35 80
125 200
Warning: Risk-estimate distances are for combat use and are not minimum safe distances for peacetime training use. 1. Risk-estimate distances are to be determined. For LGBs, the values shown are for weapons that do not guide and that follow a ballistic trajectory similar to GP bombs. 2. Not recommended for use near troops in contact. 3. CBU-71CBU-84 bombs contain time-delay fuses that detonate at random times after impact. CBU-89 bombs are antitank and antipersonnel mines and are not recommended for use near troops in contact. 4. The data listed applies only to AGM-65A, B, C, and D models. AGM-65E and G models contain a larger warhead and risk-estimate distances are not currently available. 5. This distance is used for all AC-130 engagements as it has the largest fragmentation pattern for the largest weapon system on board.
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WORLD THREAT ANTI-AIR DEFENSE WEAPONS SYSTEMS WEAPON SYSTEM ZPU-4, Type 56 quad-mounted 14.5mm antiaircraft machinegun. Mobility: Towed on four-wheel carriage. Machineguns 12.7mm. Mobility: Mounted on combat vehicles. 7.62mm squad automatic weapon. SA-2 GUIDELINE medium to high alt. SA-3 GOA low to medium alt. SA-4 GANEF medium to high alt. SA-6 GAINFUL medium to low alt. SA-7 GRAIL low altitude man portable Mod B. SA-8 GECKO low to medium alt. SA-9 GASKIN SA-11 GLADFLY Low to high alt. SA-12a (GLADIATOR) Low to high alt. SA-12b GIANT low to high alt. SA-13 GOPHER low alt. SA-14 GREMLIN low alt.
RANGE AND CAPABILITY Range – 1,500 m. Gun can be elevated from – 8.5 degrees to + 90 degrees vertically and traversed 360 degrees.
GUIDANCE
ASSIGNED TO
Optical
Air defense units in motorized rifle regiment or tank division and motorized regiment division.
Range 1,000 m.
Optical
Platoon level weapon.
Range 460m.
Optical
Individual soldier.
Max ceiling 85,000ft Max range 60 km.
FAN SONG fire control radar
Air Defense 40-50 km behind FEBA.
6 to 22 km slant range.
Radar
500 to 50,000 ft., 50-55 km forward of FEBA 250 to 60,000 ft totally effective in kill zone.
Radar guided PAT HAND.
Terminal areas, naval and ground targets. 10 km behind front lines.
0.5 to 5.5km range 60 to 14,000 ft alt. 10 to 15 km range. 150 to 20,000 ft 7 km range (large SA7) 300 to 56,000 ft 28 km slant range 75 to 80km range 82,000 ft max alt. 100 to 200km range 98,000ft max alt. 0.6 to 5 km range 0 to 15,000 ft alt. 0.6 to 5 km range 0 to 15,000 ft alt.
Radar/Optical. STRAIGHT FLUSH. IR
5-10 km behind front lines.
Radar/Optical
Front line troops.
IR
Frontal areas.
Radar monopulse. Radar
5-10 hr behind front lines. Air defense.
Radar
Air defense.
IR guidance.
Air defense front line troops. Air defense front line troops.
IR guidance.
83
Front line troops.
WORLD THREAT ANTI-AIR DEFENSE WEAPONS SYSTEMS (Continued) WEAPON SYSTEM SA-15 GAUNTLET low to medium alt. SA-16 GRIMLET low to medium alt. SA-17 GRIZZLY low to high alt. SA-18 GROUSE low to high alt. SA-19 GRISOM low to high alt. SA-20 TRIUMF Low to high alt.
RANGE AND CAPABILITY 19,500 ft alt 12km range 0 to 15,000 ft 0.6 to 5km range 80.5km range
GUIDANCE
ASSIGNED TO
Command
Air Defense.
IR guidance.
Air Defense front line troops. Air Defense.
Radar (up to 6 targets). IR passive
5.2km range 0 to 12,000 ft alt. 1 to 12km range 0 to 26,000 ft alt.
IR guidance and radio direction finding. Radar development of a 500km to 600km range possibly in 2002/2003
400km range
Air Defense. Air Defense front line troops. Air Defense (all around).
COMBAT VEHICLES AND ARMORED WEAPONS SYSTEMS WEAPON SYSTEM BDRM 4-wheel drive, amphibious armored vehicle BTR wheeled armored personnel carrier
BMP – tracked fighting armored personnel carrier
PT-76 amphibious reconnaissance tank (water jet propulsion)
RANGE AND CAPABILITY 14mm machinegun; 7.62 machinegun 14.5mm machinegun 7.62mm machinegun SAGGER – antitank missile 73mm smooth bore gun 7.62mm machinegun 76mm main gun 7.62mm machinegun
84
GUIDANCE
ASSIGNED
Optical
Many specific frontal area missions
Optical
Frontal areas
Optical Optical
Frontal areas with armor
Optical Optical Optical Stabilized
First wave attack
COMBAT VEHICLES AND ARMORED WEAPONS SYSTEMS (Continued) WEAPON SYSTEM T-55 threat medium tank
T-62 threat medium battle tank
T-64 threat medium battle tank
T-72 threat main battle tank
T-80 threat medium battle tank
T-90 threat main battle tank
RANGE AND CAPABILITY 100mm gun 1.5km max effective range 2–7.62mm or 1-12.7mm machineguns 115mm gun 1.6km max effective range 7.62mm machinegun 125mm 2km max effective range AT-8 SONGSTER 4km range, ATGM 7.62mm 125mm gun 2km max effective range
GUIDANCE
ASSIGNED
Optical Stabilized
Frontal areas
Optical
Optical Night vision
Frontal areas
Optical Optical and Laser range finder
Frontal areas
Optical Stabilized. IR searchlight
Frontal assault
12.7mm anti-air machinegun (roof).
Optical
125mm 2km max effective range AT-8 SONGSTER 4km range
Optical
Frontal assault
Laser range finder
ATGM 1-12.7mm anti-air machinegun 1-7.62mm 125mm 2km max effective range AT-11 SNIPER 0.1-4km range 12.7mm, 7.62mm
Fire control system, laserrange finder, thermal sight semi-auto laser
85
Frontal assault
AIR SPEED/VELOCITY CONVERSION TABLE Knots PerHour 1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550
Miles PerHour 1.15155 5.7 11.5 17.2 23.0 28.8 34.5 40.3 46.0 51.8 57.6 69.1 80.6 92.1 103.6 115 126 138 149 161 172 184 195 207 218 230 241 253 264 276 287 299 310 322 333 345 356 368 380 391 403 414 426 437 449 460 472 483 495 506 518 529 541 552 564 575 587 598 610 621 633
Kilometer Per-Hour 1.85325 9.2 18.5 27.7 37.7 46.3 55.5 64.8 74.1 83.3 92.6 111.1 129.7 148.2 166.7 185 203 222 240 259 277 296 315 333 352 370 389 407 426 444 463 481 500 518 537 555 574 592 611 630 648 667 685 704 722 741 759 778 796 815 833 852 870 889 907 926 945 963 982 1000 1019
Meters PerSecond .51479 2.5 5.1 7.7 10.2 12.8 15.4 18.0 20.9 23.1 25.7 30.8 36.0 41.1 46.3 51 56 61 66 72 77 82 87 92 97 102 107 112 118 123 128 133 139 144 149 154 159 164 169 175 180 185 190 195 200 205 211 216 221 226 231 236 241 247 252 257 262 267 272 278 283
86
Feet PerSecond 1.68894 8.4 16.8 25.3 33.7 42.2 50.6 59.1 67.5 76.0 84.4 101.3 118.2 125.1 152 168 185 202 219 236 253 270 287 304 320 337 354 371 388 405 422 439 456 472 489 506 523 540 557 574 591 608 624 641 658 675 692 709 726 743 760 776 793 810 827 844 861 878 895 912 928
Meters Per-Min 30.8874 154.5 308.8 463.3 617.7 772.1 926.6 1081 1235 1389 1544 1853 2162 2470 2779 3087 3397 3706 4015 4324 4633 4941 5250 5559 5868 6177 6486 6795 7104 7412 7721 8030 8339 8648 8957 9266 9575 9883 10,192 10,501 10,810 11,119 11,428 11,737 12,046 12,354 12,663 12,972 13,281 13,590 13,899 14,208 14,517 14,825 15,134 15,443 15,752 16,061 16,370 16,679 16,988
Nautical Miles Per-Min .0166666
.999999
1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.8 7.9 8.1 8.3 8.4 8.6 8.8 8.9 9.1
AVIATION ESTIMATE OF SUPPORTABILITY Reference: 1. MISSION a. Basic Mission. (State the mission of the command.) b. Previous Decisions. (State any previous decisions by the landing force commander, such as when landing force aviation is to be phased into advance bases and airfields.) 2. SITUATION AND CONSIDERATIONS: a. Enemy. (Refer to the Intelligence Estimate.) b. Friendly. (State the friendly aviation forces available for the operation. State probable tactical development influencing aviation, such as the anticipated date of seizure of an airfield.) c. Courses of Action. (The proposed courses of action are stated in full.) d. Characteristics of the Area. (Refer to the Intelligence Estimate.) e. Assumptions. (State any assumptions on which the estimate is based, including assumptions regarding anticipated enemy action.) 3. AIR SUPPORT ANALYSIS a. Landing Force Mission. Restate the mission with emphasis on aviation support and participation required. b. Concept of Employment. State the concept of employment of aviation elements. c. Enemy Situation and Capabilities. State the enemy capabilities with respect to air support of the landing force. d. Requirement for Aviation Support. A general statement as to which course of action will require the most aviation support. e. Topography. A general statement of potential sites and landing zones for possible use in the operation. f. Weather. A general statement regarding the impact of the weather on aviation support for the operation. g. Observation and Surveillance. A general statement regarding observation and surveillance as they concern aviation support of the operation h. Communications. A general statement regarding communications requirements for aviation support for the operation. i. Logistics Support. A general statement regarding logistics support for aviation support of the operation.
87
AVIATION ESTIMATE OF SUPPORTABILITY (Continued) 4. EVALUATION. Each course of action is evaluated in turn. Advantages are enumerated and then disadvantages enumerated. 5. CONCLUSIONS a. Best Course. This is a statement of which course of action can best be supported from the aviation point of view. b. Other Courses. Other courses of action are listed in their order of supportability, and a statement is made of their salient disadvantages. c. Significant problems. This is a statement of significant problems to be solved and limitations to be taken into account. Measures required to solve the problem should be included.
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APPENDIX A, JOINT AIR OPERATIONS PLAN FORMAT Referenced from the Joint Publication 3-56.1 Command and Control for Joint Air Operations (14 Nov 1994) The joint air operations plan format uses the same format as the JFC campaign plan but from an airpower point of view. Each air operations plan will differ with the AOR/JOA, situation, and capabilities of the joint force. A sample format follows: Copy No Issuing Headquarters Place of Issue Date/Time Group of Signature JOINT AIR OPERATIONS PLAN: (Number or Code Name) References: Maps, charts, and other relevant documents. COMMAND RELATIONSHIPS. Briefly describe the command organization (composition and relationships) for the JFC's campaign and the air operations envisioned. Detailed information may be included in the command relationships annex. Cover component commanders, AADC, and ACA identities, and others as required. 1. Situation. Briefly describe the situation that the plan addresses (see JFC's estimate). The related CONPLAN or OPLAN should be identified as appropriate. a. Guidance. Provide a summary of directives, letters of instructions, memorandums, treaties, and strategic plans, including any campaign/operation plans received from higher authority, that apply to the plan. (1) Relate the strategic direction to the JFC's requirements. (2) List the strategic objectives and tasks assigned to the command. (3) Constraints--list actions that are prohibited or required by higher authority (ROE, and others as appropriate). b. Adversary Forces. Provide a summary of pertinent intelligence data including information on the following: (1) Composition, location, disposition, movements, and strengths of major adversary forces that can influence action in the AOR/JOA. (2) Strategic concept (if known), should include adversary's perception of friendly vulnerabilities and adversary's intentions regarding those vulnerabilities. (3) Major objectives (strategic and operational). (4) Adversary commander's idiosyncrasies and doctrinal patterns. (5) Operational and sustainment capabilities. (6) Vulnerabilities. (7) Centers of gravity and decisive points. NOTE: Assumed information should be identified as such. Reference may be made to the intelligence annex for more detailed information. 89
APPENDIX A, JOINT AIR OPERATIONS PLAN FORMAT (Continued) c. Friendly Forces. State here information on friendly forces not assigned that may directly affect the command. (1) Intent of higher, adjacent, and supporting US commands (e.g., USTRANSCOM, USSTRATCOM, USSOCOM, USSPACECOM). (2) Intent of higher, adjacent, and supporting allied or other coalition forces (e.g., NATO, Spain, Italy, Egypt). d. Assumptions. State here assumptions applicable to the plan as a whole. Include both specified and implied assumptions. 2. Mission. State the joint air task(s) and the purpose(s) and relationship(s) to achieving the JFC's objective(s). 3. Air Operations. a. Strategic or Operational Concept. (Based on the relevant major elements of JFC strategy.) State the broad concept for the deployment, employment, and sustainment of major air capable joint forces including the concepts of deception and psychological operations during the operation or campaign as a whole. (This section is a summary of details found in annexes.) (1) Joint force air organization. (2) Joint force air objectives. (3) Bed down overview. (4) Operational missions. (5) Phases of joint air operations in relation to JFC operation or campaign plan. (6) Timing and duration of phases. b. Phase I. Provide a phase directive for each phase. (1) Operational Concept. Include operational objectives, plan of attack, and timing. (2) General missions and guidance to subordinates and components' supporting and supported requirements. Ensure that missions are complementary. (3) Capabilities/forces required by role or capability. Should consider land, sea, air, space, special operations, and multinational. (4) Tasks of subordinate commands and components. (5) Reserve Forces. Location and composition. State "be prepared" missions. Include guidance on surge sorties if used as reserve capability. (6) Mobility. Consider transportation, ports, lines of communication, transit and over flight rights, reinforcement, reception and onward movement, and hostnation support arrangements. (7) Deception. (8) Psychological Operations. Ensure joint air operations support established psychological operations. 90
APPENDIX A, JOINT AIR OPERATIONS PLAN FORMAT (Continued) c. Phases II-XX (last). Cite information as stated in subparagraph 3b above for each subsequent phase. Provide a separate phase for each step in the operation at the end of which a major reorganization of forces may be required and another significant action initiated. d. Coordinating Instructions. If desired, instructions applicable to two or more phases or multiple elements of the command may be placed here. 4. Logistics. A brief, broad statement of the sustainment concept for the joint air operations with information and instructions applicable to the joint air operations by phase. Logistic phases must be consistent with operational phases. This information may be listed separately and referenced here. This paragraph should address: a. Assumptions (including coalition requirements). b. Supply aspects. c. Maintenance and modifications. d. Medical service. e. Transportation. f. Base development. g. Personnel. h. Foreign military assistance i. Administrative management. j. Line(s) of communication. k. Reconstitution of forces. l. Joint and multinational responsibilities. m. Sustainment priorities and resources. n. Inter-Service responsibilities. o. Host-nation considerations. 5. Command, Control, and Communications. a. Command. (1) Command Relationships. State generally the command relationships for the entire joint air operations or portions thereof. Indicate any transfer of forces contemplated during the joint air operations, indicating the time of the expected transfer. These changes should be consistent with the operational phasing in paragraph 3. Give location of commander, JAOC, and command posts. (2) Delegation of Authority. b. Communications. (1) Communications. Plans of communications. (May refer to a standard plan or be contained in an annex.) Include time zone to be used; rendezvous, recognition, and identification instructions; code; liaison instructions; and axis of signal communications as appropriate. 91
(2) Electronics. Plans of electronic systems. (May refer to standard plan or may be contained in an annex.) Include electronic policy and such other information as may be appropriate. (3) Combat Camera. Plans for combat camera. (May refer to a standard plan or may be contained in a combat camera annex.) Include digital still photo and motion video imagery transmission to the Pentagon's Joint Combat Camera Center. (4) Armament Delivery Recording (ADR) (bomb and gun camera imagery). Plan for ADR. (May refer to a standard plan or may be contained in a combat camera annex.) Include imagery transmission to the Pentagon's Combat Camera Center. (Signed) (Commander) ANNEXES: As required DISTRIBUTION: SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
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