Flexsim Manual

(ME225) MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS SIMULATION MODELING & ANALYSIS LAB

Program: M.Tech (AMS) Year: I Sem : II Int. Ma Mark!: 4" Ext. Max Marks: 60

Lecture : 4/ Week   Tutorial : Practical : #re$it! : 4

1. Study of elements, elements, entities entities , activiti activities es and basic models models of a simulation package modeling and simulation . !"roug"put !"roug"put analysis analysis of a individual individual production production facility facility using simulation. #. Modeling Modeling of a typical manufacturing manufacturing facility facility and study its its performances. $. %reakdo&n %reakdo&n analysis analysis of a production production facility facility &it" one mac"ine mac"ine '. %reakdo&n %reakdo&n analysis analysis of a production production system "aving "aving multiple mac"ines 6. Modeling Modeling and Simulation Simulation of layouts layouts (. Study of transpo transport rt system system in a s"op )oor )oor *. Simulation Simulation of +ueuing System . Simulation Simulation of -lexible -lexible manufacturing manufacturing Systems. Systems. 10.denti/cation of bottleneck mac"ine on a given s"op )oor

 EXPERIMENT NO: 1 INTRODUCTION TO FLEXSIM

AIM: Stu$% o& element!' entitie!' actiitie! an$ a!ic mo$el! o& a !imulation *ackage mo$eling an$ !imulation

What is FlexSim +leSi +leSim m i! a *o,er&u *o,er&ull anal% anal%!i! !i! tool tool that that hel*! hel*! engine engineer! er! an$ *lanne *lanner! r! make make intelli intelligen gentt $eci! $eci!io ion! n! in the the $e!i $e!ign gn an$ an$ o*er o*erati ation on o& a !%!te !%!tem. m. With ith +le +leSi Sim' m' %ou %ou can can uil uil$ $ a $imen!ional com*uter mo$el o& a real-li&e !%!tem' an$ then !tu$% that !%!tem in a !horter time &rame an$ &or le!! co!t than ,ith the actual !%!tem. A! a ,hat-i& anal%!i! tool' +leSim *roi$e! uantitatie &ee$ack on a numer o& *ro*o!e$ !olution! to hel* %ou uickl% narro, in on the o*timum !olution. With +leSim0! reali!tic gra*hi gra*hical cal animat animation ion an$ eten! eten!ie ie *er&or *er&orman mance ce re*ort re*ort!' !' %ou %ou can i$enti i$enti&% &% *role *rolem! m! an$ ealuate ealuate alternatie !olution! !olution! in a !hort amount o& time. 1% u!ing +leSim to mo$el a !%!tem  e&ore it i! uilt' or to te!t o*erating *olicie! e&ore the% are actuall% im*lemente$' %ou ,ill aoi aoi$ $ man% man% o& the the *it&a *it&all ll!! that that are o&te o&ten n enco encoun unte tere$ re$ in the the !tart !tartu* u* o& a ne, ne, !%!te !%!tem. m. Im*roemen Im*roement! t! that *reiou!l% took %ou month! month! or %ear! o& trial-an$-erro trial-an$-errorr e*erimenta e*erimentation tion to achiee can no, e attaine$ in a matter o& $a%! an$ hour! u!ing +leSim.

Modeling In technical term!' +leSim i! cla!!i&ie$ a! a $i!crete-eent !imulation !o&t,are *rogram. Thi! mean! that it i! u!e$ to mo$el !%!tem! ,hich change !tate at $i!crete *oint! in time a! a re!ult o& !*eci&ic eent!. #ommon !tate! might e cla!!i&ication! cla!!i&ic ation! !uch a! i$le' u!%' u!%' locke$ or $o,n' an$ !ome eam*le! o& eent! ,oul$ e the arrial o& cu!tomer or$er!' *ro$uct moement' an$ machine reak$o,n!. The item! eing *roce!!e$ in a $i!crete -eent !imulation mo$el are o&ten  *h%!ical *ro$uct!' ut the% might al!o e cu!tomer!' c u!tomer!' *a*er,ork' $ra,ing!' ta!k!' ta! k!' *hone call!' electronic me!!age!' etc. The!e item! *rocee$ through a !erie! o& *roce!!ing' ueuing an$ tran!*ortation !te*! in ,hat i! terme$ a *roce!! &lo,. 2ach !te* o& the *roce!! ma% reuire one or more re!ource! !uch a! a machine' a cone%or' an o*erator' a ehicle or a tool o& !ome !ort. Some o& the!e re!ource! are !tationar% an$ !ome are moile3 !ome re!ource! are $e$icate$ to a !*eci&ic ta!k an$ other! mu!t e !hare$ acro!! multi*le ta!k!. +leSim i! a er!atile tool that ha! een u!e$ to mo$el a ariet% o& !%!tem! acro!! a numer o&  $i&&erent in$u!trie!. +leSim i! !ucce!!&ull% u!e$ % !mall an$ large com*anie! alike. oughl% hal& o& all +ortune 5"" com*anie! are +leSim client!' inclu$ing !uch note$ name! a! 6eneral Mill!' 7aimler #hr%!ler' 8orthro* 6rumman' 7i!coer #ar$' 79L' 1echtel' 1o!e' Michelin' +e$2' Seagate Technologie!' Pratt  Whitne%' TW an$ 8ASA. There are three basic problems which can all be solved with Flexim:

;. Serice *rolem! < the nee$ to *roce!! cu!tomer! an$ their reue!t! at the highe!t leel o&  !ati!&action &or the lo,e!t *o!!ile co!t. =. Manu&acturing *rolem! < the nee$ to make the right *ro$uct at the right time &or the lo,e!t  *o!!ile co!t.

. Logi!tic *rolem! < the nee$ to get the right *ro$uct to the right *lace at the right time &or  the lo,e!t *o!!ile co!t.

Examles o! "o# FlexSim is $sed To gie %ou i$ea! &or *o!!ile *ro>ect!' +leSim ha! !ucce!!&ull% een u!e$ to:             

Im*roe eui*ment utili?ation e$uce ,aiting time an$ ueue !i?e! Allocate re!ource! e&&icientl% 2liminate !tock-out *rolem! Minimi?e negatie e&&ect! o& reak$o,n! Minimi?e negatie e&&ect! o& re>ect! an$ ,a!te Stu$% alternatie ine!tment i$ea! 7etermine *art through*ut time! Stu$% co!t re$uction *lan! 2!tali!h o*timum atch !i?e! an$ *art !euencing e!ole material han$ling i!!ue! Stu$% e&&ect o& !etu* time! an$ tool changeoer! @*timi?e *rioriti?ation an$ $i!*atching logic &or goo$! an$ !erice!

+leSim ha! een u!e$ !ucce!!&ull% in oth !%!tem $e!ign !tu$ie! an$ in the managing o&  !%!tem !%!tem!! on a $a%-to$a%-to-$a% $a% o*eratio o*erational nal a!i!. a!i!. +leSi +leSim m ha! al!o al!o een een u!e$ u!e$ &or training training an$ e$ucat e$ucation ional al *ur*o *ur*o!e!. !e!. A +leSim +leSim trainin training g mo$el mo$el can *roi$ *roi$ee in!igh in!ightt into into the com*le com*le  $e*en$encie! an$ $%namic! o& a real-li&e !%!tem. It can hel* o*erator! an$ management not onl% learn ho, a !%!tem o*erate!' ut learn ,hat ha**en! ,hen alternatie *roce$ure! are im*lemente$. +leSim ha! een u!e$ to uil$ interactie mo$el! ,hich can e mani*ulate$ ,hile the mo$el i! running in or$er to hel* teach an$ $emon!trate the cau!e an$ e&&ect! inherent in !%!tem management.

%is$ali&ation +leSim i! a highl% i!ile technolog% that can e u!e$ % &or,ar$-thinking marketer! to eleate their com*an%0! image an$ to $eclare to the out!i$e ,orl$ that their com*an% take!  *ri$e in ho, it o*erate!. It i! !ur*ri!ing ho, e&&ectie an animate$ !imulation mo$el can e at getting management0! attention attention an$ in&luencing in&luencing their ,a% o& thinking. thinking. The animation $i!*la%e$ $i!*la%e$ $uring $uring a !imulation !imulation  *roi$e! a !u*er i!ual ai$ &or $emon!trating ho, the the &inal !%!tem ,ill *er&orm.

C'eating an O()e*t @>ect! can e creating through entering a C'eate O()e*ts mo$e' or % $rag-an$-$ro*: C'eate te O() O()e* e*ts ts mo$e % clicking an$ relea!ing on an o>ect in the Lirar% ;) 2nte 2nterr the the C'ea ,in$o,. #lick again in the 7 ie, to create an o>ect.

=) Alternatiel% Alternatiel%'' to enter the C'eate O()e*ts mo$e' %ou ma% click on the utton on the main toolar. Then' Then' click the o>ect %ou ,i!h to create in the Li('a'+ an$ click again in the 7 ie, ,here %ou ,ant the o>ect to e create$. ) #lick an$ hol$ the le&t mou!e utton on the o>ect in the Li('a'+  then $rag it to the *o!ition %ou ,ant to *lace it in the mo$el an$ relea!e the mou!e utton.

Naming an O()e*t A! o>ect! are create$' the% ,ill e gien $e&ault name! !uch a! Source' ,here  i! the numer o& o>ect! create$ !ince the +leSim a**lication ,a! o*ene$. There are t,o metho$! to rename an o>ect: ;) #lick #lick on the o>ect o>ect in the 7 ie, ie, to $i!*la $i!*la% % the o>ect0! o>ect0! *ro*erti *ro*ertie! e! in the Buick Buick Pro*ertie Pro*ertie!! ,in$o,. Then e$it it! name at the to* o& the Buick Pro*ertie! ,in$o,.

=) 7oule 7oule-cli -click ck it to o*en o*en it! it! ,'oe'ties ,in$o,. Then e$it it! name at the to* o& the ,in$o, an$  *re!! Al+ or O- .

Editing O()e*ts Mo.ing Mo.ing O()e*ts O()e*ts / To moe an o>ect aroun$ in the mo$el' click on it ,ith the le&t mou!e  utton an$ $rag it to the *o!ition %ou ,ant. You You can al!o moe the o>ect u* an$ $o,n in the ? $irection u!ing the mou!e ,heel' or % hol$ing oth the le&t an$ right mou!e utton! $o,n on the o>ect an$ then $ragging the mou!e &or,ar$ an$ ack,ar$. Si&e and Rotation / To e$it the o>ect0! !i?e an$ rotation &ir!t click on the o>ect. %ou !houl$ !ee three colore$ arro,! along each ai! o& the o>ect. To re!i?e the o>ect' le&t-click on the ai! %ou ,ant to re!i?e on' an$ $rag the mou!e u* or $o,n. To e$it the o>ect0! rotation' rightclick on the arro, corre!*on$ing to the ai! %ou ,ant to rotate aroun$' an$ $rag the mou!e &or,ar$ or ack,ar$. You ma% al!o !cale an o>ect u* or $o,n % 5C % hol$ing the #trl ke% an$ *re!!ing the D or L ke%.

You can toggle e!i?ing an$ otating @>ect! to e on or o&& % !electing !e lecting the main menu Note: You o*tion Edit 0 Resi&e and Rotate O()e*ts .

That the mo$eler can change a!e$ on the reuirement! o& the mo$el. See here &or more $etail!. Dest'o+ing O()e*ts / To $e!tro% $e!tro% an o>ect' click on that o>ect an$ *re!! the 7elete ke%.

Conne*ting O()e*ts Port! are create$ an$ connecte$ in one o& t,o ,a%!: 1 1% clicking on one o>ect an$ $ragging to a !econ$ o>ect ,hile hol$ing $o,n $i&&erent letter! on the ke%oar$. I& the letter A i! hel$ $o,n ,hile clicking-an$-$ragging' an o$t$t o't ,ill e create$ on the &ir!t o>ect an$ an in$t o't ,ill e create$ on the !econ$ o>ect. The!e t,o ne, *ort! ,ill then e automaticall% connecte$. 9ol$ing $o,n the S ke% ,ill create a *ent'al o't on oth o>ect! an$ connect the t,o ne, *ort!. #onnection! are roken an$ *ort! $elete$ % hol$ing $o,n the B &or in*ut an$ out*ut *ort! an$ the W ke% &or central *ort!. The &ollo,ing tale !ho,! the ke%oar$ letter! u!e$ to make an$ reak the t,o t%*e! o& *ort connection!:

=) 1% entering the Conne*tion Mode' ,hich can e entere$ % clicking the utton in the main toolar. @nce in the #onnection Mo$e' there are a cou*le o& ,a%! to make a connection  et,een t,o o>ect!. You You can either click on one o>ect' then click on another o>ect' or %ou can click an$ $rag &rom one o>ect to the net a! ,ith metho$ one. 2ither ,a%' kee* in min$ that the &lo, $irection o& a connection i! $e*en$ent on the or$er in ,hich %ou make the connection. +lo, goe! &rom the &ir!t o>ect to the !econ$ o>ect. #onnection! can e roken % clicking the utton then clicking or $ragging &rom one o>ect to another in the !ame manner a! ,hen %ou connecte$ them. #enter *ort connection! are not a&&ecte$ % the or$er in ,hich the o>ect! are connecte$.

%ie# Na.igation moe the mo$el ie, *oint' click in an em*t% area o& the ie, ,ith the 1asi* Na.igation / To moe le&t mou!e utton' an$ $rag the mou!e aroun$. To rotate the mo$el ie, *oint' click in a lank  area ,ith the right mou!e utton an$ $rag the mou!e aroun$. To ?oom out or in' u!e the mou!e ,heel or hol$ oth le&t an$ right mou!e utton! $o,n an$ $rag the mou!e.

Reset %ie# / You can re!et the ie, to the $e&ault ie, *oint % right clicking in em*t% gri$ !*ace' an$ !elect the menu %ie# 0 Reset %ie# .

-E21OARD INTERACTION When %ou are ,orking in the 7 ie,' %ou ,ill u!e !eeral ke%! on the ke%oar$ to uil$' cu!tomi?e' an$ get in&ormation &rom the mo$el. The &igure elo, !ho,! the ke%oar$ la%out. De%! that are highlighte$ in %ello, hae meaning ,hen interacting ,ith +le!im. A3 4: *ontext sensiti.e *onne*t

The A ke% i! u!e$ to connect t,o o>ect! $e*en$ing $e*en$ing on the t%*e o& o>ect!. o>ect!. 9ol$ $o,n the A ke%' click on one o>ect' hol$ing the mou!e utton $o,n' an$ $rag to another o>ect' relea!ing the mou!e utton on that o>ect. E!uall% thi! connect! the out*ut *ort! o& one o>ect to the in*ut *ort! o& another o>ect. +or 8et,ork 8o$e!' ho,eer' the A ke% connect! a 8et,ork   8o$e to Ta!k Ta!k 2ecuter! a! traeler!' to +ie$ e!ource! a! trael gate,a%!' an$ to other   8et,ork 8o$e! a! trael *ath!. You can al!o u!e the F ke% i& %ou are le&t han$e$. I& %ou connect t,o o>ect! ,ith the A ke%' an$ $on0t !ee an% change!' &ir!t' click on an em*t% area in the 7 ie, an$ make !ure the Sho, #onnection! utton i! checke$ in the Buick Pro*ertie! ,in$o,. I& !till no change i! a**arent' then tho!e o>ect! are *roal% not !u**o!e$ to e connecte$ ,ith the A ke%. 53 U: *ontext sensiti.e dis*onne*t dis*onne*t

The B ke% i! u!e$ to $i!connect t,o o>ect! $e*en$ing on the t%*e o& o>ect!. 9ol$ $o,n the B ke%' click on one o>ect' hol$ing the mou!e utton $o,n' an$ $rag to another o>ect' relea!ing the mou!e utton on that o>ect. E!uall% thi! $i!connect! the out*ut *ort! o& one o>ect &rom the in*ut *ort! o& another o>ect. +or 8et,ork 8o$e!' ho,eer' the B ke% $i!connect! a 8et,ork 8o$e &rom Ta!k 2ecuter! a! traeler!' &rom +ie$ e!ource! a! trael gate,a%!' an$ !et! one-,a% o& a trael *ath connection to no connection (re$). You can al!o u!e the E ke% i& %ou are le&t han$e$. S3 -: *ent'al o't *onne*t

The S ke% i! u!e$ to connect central *ort! o& t,o o>ect!. #entral *ort! are u!e$ &or re&erencing  *ur*o!e!' u!ing the center o>ect () comman$. 9ol$ $o,n the S ke%' ke%' click on one o>ect'

hol$ing the mou!e utton $o,n' an$ $rag to another o>ect' relea!ing the mou!e utton on that o>ect. You You can al!o u!e the D ke% i& %ou are le&t han$e$. W3 I: *ent'al o't dis*onne*t

The W ke% i! u!e$ to $i!connect central central *ort! o& t,o o>ect!. 9ol$ $o,n the W ke%' ke%' click on one o>ect' hol$ing the mou!e utton $o,n' an$ $rag to another o>ect' relea!ing the mou!e  utton on that o>ect. You You can al!o u!e the I ke% i& %ou are le&t han$e$. D: *ontext sensiti.e *onne*t

The 7 ke% i! a !econ$ ke% &or contet !en!itie connecting. The 8et,ork 8o$e an$ the Tra&&ic #ontrol oth im*lement thi! connection. E: *ontext sensiti.e dis*onne*t

The 2 ke% i! a !econ$ ke% &or contet !en!itie $i!connecting. The 8et,ork 8o$e im*lement! thi! connection. X: *ontext sensiti.e *li*67toggle

The G ke% i! u!e$ to change an o>ect or ie, in&ormation on the o>ect' $e*en$ent on the t%*e o& o>ect. 9ol$ the G ke% $o,n' an$ click on the o>ect. The 8et,ork 8o$e ,ill toggle the ,hole net,ork through $i&&erent ie,ing mo$e!. The G ke% al!o create! ne, !*line *oint! on a net,or net,ork k *ath. *ath. ack! ack! ,ill ,ill al!o toggle toggle throug through h $i&&er $i&&erent ent ie,in ie,ing g mo$e!. mo$e!. A cone% cone%or or ,ill ,ill re*o!ition $o,n!tream cone%or! to e &lu!h ,ith cone%or en$ *oint!. 1: *ontext sensiti.e *li*67toggle The 1 ke% i! an a$$itional ke% u!e$ to change an o>ect or  ie, in&ormation on the o>ect' $e*en$ent on the t%*e o& o>ect. 9ol$ the 1 ke% $o,n' an$ click click on the o>ect o>ect.. The The 8et,or 8et,ork k 8o$e 8o$e ,ill ,ill toggle toggle the ,hole ,hole net,or net,ork k throug through h $i&&er $i&&erent ent ie,ing mo$e!. The Tra&&ic #ontrol al!o u!e! the 1 ke%. %: .ie# in$t7o$t$t o't *onne*tions

The H ke% i! u!e$ to ie, an o>ect0! in*ut/out*ut *ort connection!. 9ol$ the H ke% $o,n' an$ click on an o>ect' hol$ing oth the H ke% an$ the mou!e utton $o,n. I& the mou!e utton i! relea!e relea!e$ $ &ir!t' &ir!t' then then the in&ormat in&ormation ion ,ill $i!a** $i!a**ear ear'' ut i& the H ke% i! relea!e relea!e$ $ &ir!t' &ir!t' the in&ormation ,ill *er!i!t. C: .ie# *ent'al o't *onne*tions

The # ke% i! u!e$ to ie, an o>ect0! central *ort connection!. 9ol$ the # ke% $o,n' an$ click  on an o>ect' hol$ing oth the H ke% an$ the mou!e utton $o,n. I& the mou!e utton i! relea!e$ &ir!t' then the in&ormation ,ill $i!a**ear' ut i& the # ke% i! relea!e$ &ir!t' the in&ormation ,ill *er!i!t. F: *'eate li('a'+ o()e*ts

The + ke% i! u!e$ to uickl% uickl% create lirar% o>ect!. Select an o>ect in the lirar% icon gri$ % clicking on it. Then click in the ortho/*er!*ectie ie,' an$ *re!! an$ hol$ the + ke% $o,n. Then click in the ortho ie, in the location %ou ,oul$ like to create the o>ect. The o>ect ,ill  e create$ at that *o!ition. R: *'eate and *onne*t li('a'+ o()e*ts

The  ke% i! like the + ke%' ece*t it al!o connect! con!ecutiel% create$ o>ect! ,ith an A connection. "ot -e+s 7 A**ele'ato's Ct'l 8 Sa*e - Start an$ !to* the mo$el run. Ct'l 8 Le!t A''o# - e!et the mo$el. Ct'l 8 Right A''o# - Ste* to the net mo$el eent. Ct'l 8 U A''o# - Increa!e the !imulation run !*ee$. Ct'l 8 Do#n A''o# - 7ecrea!e the !imulation run !*ee$. Ct'l 8 F - +in$ tet in the o*en ie,. Ct'l 8 " - +in$ an$ re*lace tet in the o*en ie,. Ct'l 8 C - #o*% the !electe$ o>ect(!) to the cli*oar$. Ct'l 8 X - #ut the !electe$ o>ect(!) to the cli*oar$. Ct'l 8 % - Pa!te the o>ect(!) in the cli*oar$. Ct'l 8 Ta( - S,itch to the net ,in$o, ta. Ct'l 8 Shi!t 8 Ta( - S,itch to the *reiou! ,in$o, ta. Ct'l 8 L - Scale the !electe$ o>ect(!) u* % 5C. Ct'l 8 - - Scale the !electe$ o>ect(!) $o,n % 5C. Ct'l 8 D - A$$ a ke% &rame to the *re!entation uil$er. Ct'l 8 W - #lo!e the actie $ocument ,in$o, or &loating ,in$o,. F9 - @*en the #omman$ 9el*er an$ !earch &or the !electe$ tet. T'ee Windo# Sho't*$ts

The &ollo,ing are aailale in the Tree Win$o,: Win$o,: Sa*e(a'  In!ert a ne, no$e a&ter. Ente'  In!ert a ne, no$e into. N  A$$ numer $ata to the highlighte$ no$e. T  A$$ !tring (tet) $ata to the highlighte$ no$e. O  A$$ o>ect $ata to the highlighte$ no$e. ,  A$$ *ointer $ata to the highlighte$ no$e.

FLEXSIM TERMINOLO;2 FlexSim O()e*ts +leSim o>ect! !imulate $i&&erent t%*e! o& re!ource! in the !imulation. An eam*le i! the Bueue o>ect' ,hich act! a! a !torage or u&&er area. The Bueue can re*re!ent a line o& *eo*le' a ueue o& i$le *roce!!e! on a #PE' a !torage area on the &loor o& a &actor%' a ueue o& ,aiting call! at a cu!tomer !erice center' etc. Another eam*le o& a +leSim o>ect i! the Proce!!or  o>ect' ,hich !imulate! a $ela% or *roce!!ing time. Thi! o>ect can re*re!ent a machine in a &actor%' a ank teller !ericing a cu!tomer' a mail em*lo%ee !orting *ackage!' an e*o% curing time' etc. FlexSim o()e*ts a'e !o$nd in the Li('a'+ I*on ;'id<

Flo#items: +lo,it +lo,item! em! are the o>ect o>ect!! that that moe moe throug through h %our %our mo$el mo$el.. +lo,it +lo,item! em! can re*re!e re*re!ent nt *art!' *art!'  *allet!' a!!emlie!' *a*er' container!' tele*hone call!' or$er!' or an%thing that moe! through the *roce!! %ou are !imulating. +lo,item! can hae *roce!!e! *er&orme$ on them an$ can e carrie$ through the mo$el % material han$ling re!ource!. In +leSim' &lo,item! are generate$  % a Sink o>ect. @nce &lo,item! hae *a!!e$ through the mo$el' the% are !ent to a Sink  o>ect. +lo,item! are manage$ in the +lo,item 1in.

La(els: Lae Lael! l! are are !tri !tring ng!! or num numer er!! that that are are !tor !tore$ e$ on +lo, +lo,it item em!! an$ an$ o>ec o>ect! t!.. Lae Lael! l! can e $%namicall% altere$ through the cour!e o& a *roce!! &lo,. Lael! can e u!e&ul &or !toring in&ormation in&ormation like co!t' *roce!!ing *roce!!ing time an$ other in&ormatio in&ormation. n. Lael! can e acce!!e$ through through the o>ect0! uick *ro*ertie! or it! Lael! Page. #lick here to learn more aout lael!.

Itemt+e: The item t%*e i! a !*ecial lael that i! *lace$ on the &lo, item that coul$ re*re!ent a arco$e numer' *ro$uct t%*e' or *art numer. +leSim i! !et u* to u!e the item t%*e a! a re&erence in routing &lo,item!. #lick here to learn more aout item t%*e!.

,o'ts: 2er% +leSim o>ect ha! an unlimite$ numer o& *ort! through ,hich the% communicate ,ith other o>ect!. There are three t%*e! o& *ort!: in*ut' out*ut' an$ center. 

In$t and O$t$t ,o'ts: The!e *ort! are u!e$ in the routing o& &lo, item!. +or eam*le' a mail !orter *lace! *ackage! on one o& !eeral cone%or! $e*en$ing on the $e!tination o& the  *ackage. To !imulate thi! in +leSim' %ou ,oul$ connect the out*ut *ort! o& a Proce!!or o>ect to the in*ut *ort! o& !eeral #one%or o>ect!' meaning once the Proce!!or (or mail !orter) ha! &ini!he$ *roce!!ing the &lo, item (or *ackage)' it !en$! it to a !*eci&ic cone%or through one o&  it! out*ut *ort!.

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re&erence! &rom one o>ect to another. another. A common common Cente' ,o'ts: The!e *ort! are u!e$ to create re&erence! u!e &or central *ort! i! &or re&erencing re&erencing Ta!k 2ecuter 2ecuter o>ect! !uch a! @*erator!' @*erator!' +ork Li&t!' an$ #rane! &rom +ie$ e!ource! !uch a! Proce!!or!' Bueue!' or #one%or!.

1$ilding the model                 

Ste 9: Sta't FlexSim Ste =: Sele*t Units Ste >: C'eate the O()e*ts Ste ?: Conne*t the O()e*ts Ste @: De!ine the Inte'A''i.al Time Ste : Assign an Item t+e and a Colo' Ste B: De!ine the 5$e$es Maxim$m Content Ste : De!ine 5$e$e9s Ro$ting Ste : De!ine ,'o*ess Times Ste 9: De!ine 5$e$e=s Maxim$m Content Ste 99: De!ine Teste's ,'o*ess Time Ste 9=: De!ine Teste's Ro$ting Ste 9>: Reset and R$n the Model Exe'imenting #ith the Model Randomness C'eating a Dash(oa'd Res$lts

Ste 9: Sta't FlexSim @*en +leSim % $oule-clicking on the +leSim icon on %our $e!kto*. The Sta't ,age ,ill a**ear. Select the 8e, Mo$el o*tion in the u**er le&t han$ corner o& the ,in$o,. 

Ste =: Sele*t Units +leSim allo,! the u!er to !elect a**ro*riate unit! &or a mo$el. 1% $e&ault the Model Units #indo# ,ill a**ear &or each ne, mo$el. You can !elect unit! &or time' length' &lui$! an$ a Mo$el Start Time. The unit! %ou choo!e ,ill e u!e$ throughout the mo$el. The Mo$el Start Time ma% e change$ a&ter  the mo$el i! create$' ho,eer' the Time' Length an$ +lui$ unit! #A88@T e change$. +or thi! mo$el' u!e the &ollo,ing:  

Time Units: Secon$!. Length Units: Meter!.

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Fl$id Units: Liter!. Model Sta't Time: Leae a! $e&ault

Ste >: C'eate the O()e*ts #reate a Source' t,o Bueue!' &our Proce!!or!' an$ a Sink in the mo$el. 8ame an$ *lace them a! !ho,n  elo, (note that one o& the Proce!!or o>ect! o>ect! ,ill e the Te!ter). Te!ter). 

To reie, the *roce!! &or creating o>ect! in +leSim' re&er to the #reating An @>ect !ection o& the Interacting ,ith +leSim *age. To reie, ho, to rename an o>ect' re&er to the 8aming an @>ect !ection.

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Ste ?: Conne*t the O()e*ts To reie, reie, ho, to connect o>ect!' re&er to the #onnecting @>ect! !ection o& the Interacting ,ith +leSim  *age.  8otice the Te!ter Te!ter o>ect ha! an out*ut connection connection to Bueue;. Thi! ,ill allo, re>ecte$ item! item! to e !ent ack to the !tart o& the *roce!!.

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#onnect Source to Queue1. #onnect Queue1 to Processo to Processor1 r1'' Processor2  Processor2'' an$ Processo an$ Processor3. r3. #onnect Processo #onnect Processor1 r1'' Processor2  Processor2'' an$ Process an$ Processor3 or3 to Queue2. #onnect Queue2 to Tester. #onnect Tester to Sink an$ Queue1.

The net !te* i! to change the *ro*ertie! o& the $i&&erent o>ect! !o the% ,ill ehae a! !*eci&ie$ in the mo$el $e!cri*tion. We ,ill !tart ,ith the !ource an$ ,ork our ,a% to the !ink. 2ach o>ect ha! it! o,n *ro*ertie! ,in$o, through ,hich $ata an$ logic are a$$e$ to the mo$el. 7ouleclicking on an o>ect acce!!e! the o>ect0! *ro*ertie! ,in$o,. +or thi! mo$el' ,e ,ant three $i&&erent *ro$uct t%*e! to enter the !%!tem. To $o thi!' each &lo, item0! item t%*e ,ill e a!!igne$ an integer alue et,een one an$ three u!ing a uni&orm $i!triution (!ee +leSi m #once*t! &or more in&ormation aout item t%*e!). Thi! ,ill e accom*li!he$ u!ing the !ource0! eit trigger.

Ste @: De!ine the Inte'A''i.al Time Time Pro$uct! Pro$uct! arrie eer% 5 !econ$!' !econ$!' e*onential e*onentiall% l% $i!triute$. $i!triute$. The Source' % $e&ault' $e&ault' u!e! an e*onentia e*onentiall% ll% $i!triute$ inter-arrial time' ut %ou ,ill change the mean o& that $i!triution. Stati!tical $i!triution! like e*onential $i!triution are u!e$ throughout !imulation in or$er to mo$el the ariation! that occur in realli&e !%!tem!. You You ma% e$it the Source0! Inter-Arrial Time &rom t,o $i&&erent ,in$o,!: ;) #lick on the Source to ring u* it! *ro*ertie! in the Buick Pro*ertie! ,in$o,.

2)

7oule-click on the Source to ring u* it! ,'oe'ties ,in$o,.

 @n the So$'*e ta' click on the utton. A *o*u* ,ill a**ear.  

Set Dist'i($tion to e*onential. Set Lo*ation to ".

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Set S*ale to 5.

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Set St'eam to ".

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#lick an%,here out!i$e the *o*u* to !ae the!e !etting!. ememer that unit! ,ere !et at the eginning. Setting S*ale to 5 !et! the mean o& the $i!triution to 5 !econ$!. I& the unit! ha$ een !et to hour!' the mean ,oul$ hae een 5 hour!. 

I& %ou e$ite$ the Inter-Arrial time through the Buick Pro*ertie! ,in$o,' %ou0ll %ou0ll nee$ to o*en the Source0! ,'oe'ties ,in$o, in or$er to *er&orm Ste* . Thi! can e $one % clicking the Mo'e ,'oe'ties  utton un$er the 6eneral Pro*ertie! !ection o& the Buick Pro*ertie!.

Ste : Assign an Item t+e and a Colo' The net thing ,e nee$ to $o i! a!!ign an item t%*e numer to the &lo,item! a! the% enter the !%!tem. Thi! alue i! uni&orml% $i!triute$ et,een ; an$ ' meaning the chance that the entering  *ro$uct i! t%*e ; i! >u!t a! likel% a! it i! t%*e =' ,hich i! >u!t a! likel% a! it i! t%*e . The e!t ,a% to $o thi! ,oul$ e to change the item t%*e in the @n #reation trigger o& the Source. 

#lick the T'igge's ta. A$$ a &unction (*re!! the utton) to the On C'eation trigger. Select Set Item T+e and Colo' &rom the li!t. A *o*u* *o*u* ,ill a**ear.

The uni&orm $i!triution i! !imilar to a uni&orm $i!triution ece*t that in!tea$ o& returning a real numer it ,ill onl% return ,hole numer!. #lick O- to a**l% the change! an$ clo!e the ,in$o,.

Ste B: De!ine the 5$e$es Maxim$m Content The net !te* i! to e$it the Bueue. There are t,o thing! ,e nee$ to con&igure on Queue1. Queue1 . +ir!t ,e nee$ to !et the Maimum #ontent #ontent o& the Bueue. Secon$' Secon$' ,e nee$ to hae the Bueue Bueue !en$ item t%*e ; to Proce to Processor1 ssor1'' item t%*e = to Proc to  Processor2 essor2'' an$ item t%*e  to Pro to  Processor3 cessor3.. Thi! !te*' along ,ith !te* J can e $one through the Buick Pro*ertie! ,in$o, a! !ho,n elo,' or % o*ening the Bueue0! Pro*ertie! ,in$o, a! $e!crie$.

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7oule-click on Queue1 to o*en it! ,'oe'ties ,in$o,. @n the 5$e$e ta' change the Maxim$m Content to ;"""".

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#lick Al+' ut $o not clo!e the Pro*ertie! ,in$o,.

Ste : De!ine 5$e$e9s Ro$ting  

#lick the Flo# ta. En$er O$t$t' !elect 1+ Ex'ession &rom the Send To ,o't $ro*-$o,n li!t.

A *o*u* *o*u* ,ith !ugge!te$ e*re!!ion! ,ill a**ear. The $e&ault e*re!!ion &or 1+ Ex'ession i! get item t+e GitemH . Thi! ,ill !en$ t%*e ; to *ort ;' t%*e = to *ort =' an$ !o on. #lick an%,here out!i$e *o*u* to clo!e it' an$ then click O- to a**l% the change! an$ clo!e the ,in$o,.

Ste : De!ine ,'o*ess Times The net !te* i! to !et the *roce!!ing time! &or the three *roce!!or!. A! $e!crie$ &or Ste* K' the ,'o*ess Time can e !et through the Buick Pro*ertie! ,in$o, % clicking on the o>ect once in the 7 ie,.

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7oule-click on Proc on Processor1 essor1 to o*en it! ,'oe'ties ,in$o,. @n the ,'o*esso' ta' !elect Statisti*al Dist'i($tion &rom the ,'o*ess Time li!t. In the Statisti*al Dist'i($tion *o*u*' !et Dist'i($tion to exonential< E!e the $e&ault  *arameter! gien &or thi! $i!triution.

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#lick O- to a**l% the change! an$ clo!e the ,in$o,.

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e*eat thi! !te* &or Processor &or  Processor2 2 an$ Processor an$ Processor3 3.

Ste 9: De!ine 5$e$e=s Maxim$m Content +ollo, Ste* K to change Bueue=0! Maxim$m Content to ;"""".

Ste 99: De!ine Teste's ,'o*ess Time A! $e!crie$ in Ste* ' thi! can e !et through the Buick Pro*ertie! ,in$o, a! ,ell.    

7oule-click on Tester to o*en it! ,'oe'ties ,in$o,. @n the ,'o*esso' ta' highlight all the tet in the ,'o*ess Time &iel$. e*lace the tet ,ith ?. Thi! !et! the *roce!! time to a con!tant &our !econ$!. #lick Al+' ut $o not clo!e the Pro*ertie! ,in$o,.

Ste 9=: De!ine Teste's Teste's Ro$ting  8o, ,e nee$ to con&igure the te!ting !tation to !en$ a$ *ro$uct! ack to the eginning o& the mo$el' an$ to !en$ goo$ *ro$uct! to the !ink. When %ou create$ thi! o>ect0! connection!' %ou !houl$ hae &ir!t connecte$ it to the !ink' an$ then connecte$ it ack to the &ir!t ueue. Thi! or$ering ,ill hae ma$e the &ir!t out*ut *ort o& the te!ting !tation e connecte$ to the !ink an$ the !econ$ out*ut *ort e connecte$ to Queue1. Queue1. You You can eri&% that the *ort! are correct % clicking @ut*ut Port! in the ,o'ts *anel' ,hich i! at the ottom o& the ;ene'al ta. I& the *ort! are out o& or$er' %ou can u!e the ank  an$ ank   utton! to reor$er the *ort!. 8o, ,e ,ant to route route to the a**ro*riate *ort numer numer a!e$ on a certain  *ercentage. 

#lick the Flo# ta< Select 1+ ,e'*entage &rom the Send to ,o't li!t.

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E!e the to a$$ another &iel$. +ill the &iel$! to match the *icture elo,

Thi! mean! that J" *ercent o& the *ro$uct! (the correctl% manu&acture$ *ro$uct!) ,ill e !ent through out*ut *ort ; to the Sink an$ =" *ercent (the incorrectl% manu&acture$ *ro$uct!) ,ill e !ent through out*ut *ort = ack to the &ir!t ueue. @ne more thing ,e might ,ant to $o i! i!uall% $i!tingui!h item! that hae alrea$% een through the te!ting !tation an$ hae een !ent ack to the &ir!t ueue.

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#lick the T'igge's ta. a$$! a &unction (click the utton) to the On Exit trigger an$ !elect the Set Colo' o*tion. Select color lack (item) &rom the li!t.

Pre!! O- to clo!e the Pro*ertie! ,in$o,.

Ste 9>: Reset and R$n the Model 

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#lick on the utton' locate$ at the u**er le&t-han$ corner. e!etting the mo$el !et! all !%!tem ariale! to their !tarting alue! an$ clear! an% &lo,item! *re!ent in the mo$el. e!etting i! al!o nece!!ar% an% time ne, connection! are ma$e et,een o>ect!. #lick the utton' locate$ right net to the re!et utton. The mo$el !houl$ no, !tart to run. +lo,item! !houl$ moe &rom the &ir!t ueue' into one o& the three *roce!!or!' then to the !econ$ ueue' into the te!ting !tation' an$ &rom there to the !ink' ,ith !ome eing re-route$ ack to the &ir!t ueue. e-route$ item! ,ill e colore$ lack.

To !to* the mo$el' *re!! the utton at an% time. Later %ou ,ill learn ho, to run a mo$el &or a !*eci&ie$ time' an$ &or a !*eci&ie$ numer o& iteration!. unning a mo$el more than once i! im*ortant ,hen !tati!tical $i!triution! hae een u!e$ in the mo$el $e&inition.

To !*ee$ the mo$el u* or !lo, it $o,n' moe the Simulation time !li$e ar at the to* o& the ,in$o, to the right or le&t. Alternatiel%' %ou can *re!! the #trl N 7o,n Arro, an$ the #trl N E* Arro, to increa!e or $ecrea!e the run !*ee$.

Moing the !li$e ar change! ho, &a!t the !imulation time *rocee$! relatie to real time. It ha! no e&&ect on mo$el re!ult!. We hae no, com*lete$ uil$ing the mo$el. Let0! look at !ome o& the !tati!tic! the mo$el generate!.

Exe'imenting #ith the Model Finding the 1ottlene*6 In the mo$el $e!cri*tion' ,e !ai$ that ,e ,ante$ to kno, ,here the ottleneck ,a! in the !%!tem. There are !eeral ,a%! to $etermine thi!. +ir!t' %ou can !im*l% eamine the i!ual !i?e o& each ueue. I& one ueue in the mo$el con!i!tentl% ha! man% *ro$uct! acke$ u* in it' then that i! a goo$ in$ication that the *roce!!ing !tation(!) that it &ee$! are cau!ing a ottleneck in the !%!tem. In running thi! mo$el' %ou0ll notice that the !econ$ ueue er% o&ten ha! a lot o& *ro$uct! ,aiting to  e *roce!!e$' ,herea! the &ir!t ueue0! content i! u!uall% =" or le!!' a! !ho,n elo,. elo,.

Another ,a% o& &in$ing the location o& a ottleneck i! % eamining the !tate !tati!tic! o& each o& the *roce!!or!. I& the three u*!tream *roce!!or! are al,a%! u!%' ,hile the te!ting !tation i! o&ten i$le' then the ottleneck i! likel% to e at the three u*!tream *roce!!or!. @n the other han$' i& the te!ting !tation i! al,a%! u!%' ,hile the u*!tream *roce!!or! are o&ten i$le' then the ottleneck i!  *roal% at the te!ting !tation. un the mo$el &or at lea!t 5"""" time unit!. Then !to* the mo$el an$ o*en the *ro*ertie! ,in$o, o& the &ir!t o& the three *roce!!or! % $oule-clicking it. #lick the Statisti*s ta. Then un$er State click Cha't. Thi! ,ill !ho, a *ie chart o& the o>ect0! time an$ *ercentage !*ent in certain !tate!.

The *ie chart aoe !ho,! that the *roce!!ing !tation ,a! i$le &or ;J.5C o& the !imulation time' an$ that it ,a! *roce!!ing &or J;.5C o& the !imulation time. #lo!e thi! ,in$o,' an$ then $ouleclick on each o& the other t,o *roce!!or! to !ee their !tati!tic!. The% !houl$ hae !imilar re!ult!.   8o,

$oule-click Tester to o*en it! ,'oe'ties ,in$o,. #lick the Statisti*s ta. Then un$er State click Cha't. The te!ting !tation0! !tate *ie chart i! !ho,n elo, .

 8otice that the te!ter ,a! &ar u!ier than the *roce!!or. 1% the!e $i&&ering !tate $iagram!' it i! a**arent that the ottleneck i! the te!ting !tation an$ not the three *roce!!ing !tation!.  8o, that ,e hae &igure$ out ,here the ottleneck i!' the ue!tion i!: ,hat !houl$ ,e $o aout itO Thi! $e*en$! on !eeral &actor! o& co!t er!u! gain' a! ,ell a! on the &uture goal! o& the &acilit%. In the &uture' ,ill the &acilit% nee$ to e ale to *u!h more *ro$uct! through at a &a!ter rateO In our  mo$el' the !ource *ro$uce! one *ro$uct eer% &ie !econ$! on aerage' ,hile the te!ter !en$! a  *ro$uct to the !ink aout once eer% 5 !econ$! on aerage. Thi! aerage o& 5 !econ$! &or the te!ter  can e calculate$ u!ing the te!ter! 4 !econ$ c%cle-time an$ it! J"/=" !en$-to !trateg%. Thu!' oer  time' our mo$el0! total ca*acit% leel! o&&. I& the &actor% !tarte$ *u!hing more *ro$uct! through thi!  *art o& the &acilit%' & acilit%' thi! euate! to a higher arrial rate (a lo,er inter-arrial time) &or the !ource. I&  ,e then make no change! to the te!ter' our mo$el ,oul$ continuall% accumulate more an$ more

 *art!' an$ the content o& the ueue! ,oul$ continue to increa!e until there ,a! no room le&t. To &i thi!' ,e ma% hae to a$$ a !econ$ te!ter !tation !ince it i! the mo$el0! ottleneck. Another !ituation in ,hich ,e might ,ant to a$$ another te!ting !tation i! i& the ueue !i?e o& the te!ter0! ueue i! er% im*ortant to u!. I& it i! co!tl% to allo, the te!ter ueue !i?e to accumulate to high amount!' amount!' then it ,oul$ e !mart to *ut a !econ$ te!ter !tation in to make !ure that the ueue !i?e' a! ,ell a! each *ro$uct0! ,ait time in that ueue' $oe!n0t get too high. Let0! look at the ueue !tati!tic!. 

7oule-click Queue2 to o*en it! ,'oe'ties ,in$o,. #lick on the Statisti*s ta' an$ ie, the in&ormation generate$ on thi! *age.

Aerage content an$ aerage !ta% time alue!. Sta% time re&er! to the amount o& time &lo,item! re!i$e$ in the ueue. 2arl% on in the !imulation' the ueue0! maimum content i! u!uall% lo,' ut a! the !imulation continue!' it ma% reach high alue! like ;5" or ="". I& an aerage ueue !i?e o&  ;5" or ="" i! unacce*tale' then it ma% e nece!!ar% to a$$ a !econ$ te!ter.

Randomness Let0! $o !ome more te!ting e&ore ,e actuall% actuall% $eci$e to a$$ another te!ter. te!ter. Since on aerage aerage one  *ro$uct arrie! &rom the !ource eer% 5 !econ$!' an$ on aerage one one *ro$uct goe! to the !ink eer% 5 !econ$!' ,h% !houl$ the ueue accumulate at allO Pro$uct! are leaing >u!t a! &a!t a! the% arrie' !o there !houl$n0t e an% accumulation in the !%!tem. The rea!on the ueue accumulate! i! ecau!e o& ran$omne!! in the !%!tem. Ye!' on aerage a  *ro$uct arrie! eer% 5 !econ$!' ut thi! arrial rate i! accor$ing to an e*onential $i!triution. +or  +or  an e*onential $i!triution ,ith a mean o& 5' mo!t o& the time *ro$uct! ,ill actuall% arrie at a &a!ter rate than eer% 5 !econ$!. !econ$!. 1ut eer% once in a ,hile there ,ill e a long $rought $rought ,here no  *ro$uct! arrie at all. In the en$ it een! out to an aerage o& 5 !econ$!' ut u!uall% *ro$uct! arrie &a!ter' an$ thu! ,ill accumulate in the te!ter0! ueue' !ince the te!ter i! the ottleneck. What i&' in our &acilit%' *ro$uct! actuall% arrie at a more *re$ictale rate' in!tea$ o& % the !ome,hat un*re$ictale e*onential $i!triutionO Will the ueue !i?e generall% !ta% at a lo,er  leelO Let0! te!t it. 

2$it the Source's Inte'A''i.al time to match the &ollo,ing.



@nce !et' Reset an$ R$n the mo$el again.

I& %ou $o not !till hae Queue20! Queue2 0! *ro*ertie! ,in$o, aailale' o*en it again % $oule-clicking on Queue2. Queue2. #ontinue to run the mo$el. You You ,ill notice here that the ueue0! maimum content $oe!n0t go u* a! high. E!uall% the% ,on0t go much higher than 5" or " no,' ,herea! e&ore the% ,oul$ !ometime! get u* to ;5" or ="". Thi! i! a !igni&icant $i&&erence cau!e$ % !im*l% changing the t%*e o& ran$omne!! in the mo$el. "ighe' Th'o$gh$t

 8o, !u**o!e that the &acilit% $oe! in$ee$ nee$ to increa!e increa!e the through*ut rate o& thi! !%!tem % ;5C. Thi! euate! to a change o& the mean inter-arrial time o& the !ource &rom 5 !econ$! to 4.=5 !econ$!. Since the te!ter ,a! alrea$% at ;""C utili?ation' ,e ,ill oiou!l% nee$ to a$$ a !econ$ te!ter to the !%!tem. Let0! make thi! change. 

2$it the Source's Inte'A''i.al time to e a normal $i!triution ,ith a mean o& 4.=5.   8o, ,e ,ill create a !econ$ te!ter. #reate another ,'o*esso' o>ect in the mo$el' an$ *lace it  elo, Tester . 8ame it Tester2. 

#onnect Queue2 to Tester2. Tester2.



#onnect Tester2 to Sink an$ to Queue1. Queue1.



Set Tester2's ,'o*ess Time to 4.

#hange Tester2's Sent To ,o't to 1+ ,e'*entage 2nter the !ame *arameter! a! %ou $i$ &or Tester1. Tester1.

 

A$$ an @n 2it trigger to change the color to lack' >u!t like the other Te!ter. Te!ter.  8o, that %ou hae &ini!he$ making making the change! Reset an$ R$n the mo$el again.

C'eating a Dash(oa'd E.al$ating the Ne# Con!ig$'ation

un the mo$el &or at lea!t 5"'""" !econ$!. 8otice &ir!t that Queue2 i! no, almo!t al,a%! em*t%' em*t%' ,herea! the Bueue &or the  *roce!!or! ack! u* uite o&ten. Let0! u!e the $a!hoar$ to com*are the t,o te!ter! !i$e % !i$e. 

+rom the Statisti*s menu at the to*' !elect Dash(oa'ds 0 Add. The Dash(oa'd ,in$o, ,ill

a**ear. 

7rag the ,in$o,



@n the O()e*ts ta' ta' clic click k the the

. Thi Thi!! ,il ,illl o*e o*en n a *o*u *o*u*. *.



In the *o*u*' click the

' e*an$ ,'o*esso's ' an$ !elect Tester an$ Tester2. Tester2.

icon into the 7a!hoar$ ,in$o,. Thi! !houl$ ring u* an o>ect !election

 

#lick the Sele*t utton on the *o*u* *o*u* to &inali?e %our !election. Then click O- . A lank chart !houl$ a**ear in the $a!hoar$. e!et an$ run the mo$el again. The gra*h in the 7a!hoar$ ,ill $%namicall% u*$ate.

The rea!on that the!e t,o are $i&&erent i! ecau!e the te!ter ueue !en$! to the &ir!t aailale te!ter. Wheneer oth te!ter! are aailale' a *ro$uct ,ill al,a%! go to the original te!ter' !ince it i! the &ir!t aailale. Pro$uct! onl% go to the !econ$ te!ter i& the original te!ter i! alrea$% u!%. Thu! the original te!ter get! higher utili?ation than the !econ$ te!ter.  8o, a$$ the other three *roce!!or! to the State 1a' gra*h.   

7oule-click on the gra*h in the $a!hoar$ an$ the !ame o>ect !election $ialog o*en!. Select Proc Select Processor1 essor1'' Processor2  Processor2'' an$ Pro an$ Processor3 cessor3 &rom the !election li!t. Whateer %ou !elect i! a$$e$ to the *reiou! content! o& the gra*h. e!et an$ run the mo$el again. 8o, all &ie *roce!!or! can e com*are$ !i$e % !i$e.

We hae e&&ectiel% moe$ the !%!tem ottleneck &rom the te!ter to the three u*!tream *roce!!or!. Al!o Al!o'' % incre increa!i a!ing ng thro throug ugh* h*ut ut % ;5C ;5C an$ an$ con! con!e eue uent ntl% l% a$$i a$$ing ng anot anothe herr te!te te!ter' r' ,e hae hae !igni&icantl% $ecrea!e$ the utili?ation o& each te!ter. Whether thi! i! a goo$ $eci!ion $e*en$! much on the co!t it ,oul$ take to a$$ a !econ$ te!ter. Since the ottleneck i! in the  *roce!!or!' in or$er  to &urther increa!e through*ut' an$ thu! increa!e the utili?ation o& each te!ter' ,e ,oul$ nee$ to a$$ more *roce!!or!. Again' there i! a co!t/ene&it anal%!i! to thi! $eci!ion. Tr% changing an% *arameter (like a *roce!!or0! *roce!! time) an$ ,atch it! e&&ect on the mo$el. 2en !mall change! can $ramaticall% change the oerall mo$el.

Res$lts 1% creating a mo$el that !imulate! our !%!tem' ,e hae clearl% $etermine$ ,hat e&&ect certain $eci!ion! ,ill hae on the !%!tem. We can no, u!e the in&ormation ,e hae gathere$ &rom the !imulation to make etter in&orme$ $eci!ion! &or the &uture o& the &acilit%. With ith thi! thi! !im*l !im*lee mo$e mo$el' l' man% man% o& the the !ame !ame conc conclu lu!i !ion on!! coul coul$ $ hae hae een een ma$e ma$e thro throug ugh h mathematical mo$el! an$ &ormula!. 9o,eer' real !%!tem! are o&ten much more com*le than the mo$el ,e hae >u!t uilt' an$ are out!i$e the !co*e o& mathematical mo$eling. 1% u!ing +leSim !imulation' ,e can mo$el the!e real-li&e com*leitie!' an$ eamine the re!ult! >u!t a! ,e hae $one in thi! mo$el. +leSim al!o gie! %our !imulation! much more i!ual a**eal. It i! much ea!ier to conince a management management team o& the ,i!$om ,i!$om in a $eci!ion $eci!ion i& the management management team can !ee the e&&ect! o& that $eci!ion in a irtual 7 ,orl$. Thi! ,orl$ i! create$ automaticall% a! %ou uil$ %our +leSim mo$el!.

 Experiment!"  Experiment!" AIM: Through*ut anal%!i! o& in$ii$ual *ro$uction &acilit% u!ing !imulation . T"EOR2: Proce!! !imulator! an$ other mo$eling tool! are gaining acce*tance an$ *o*ularit% in the in$u!tr%. in$u!tr%. Such tool! are mainl% u!e$ to ealuate ealuate Q,hat-i&R !cenario! an$ to o*timi?e integrate$ Proce!!e!. Proce!!e!. Ta!k! Ta!k! han$le$ han$le$ % *roce!! *roce!! !imulator! !imulator! inclu$e material material an$ energ% alance! o& integrate$ integrate$  *roce!!e!' eui*ment !i?ing' co!t anal%!e!' !che$uling o& atch o*eration!' enironmental im*act a!!e!!ment!' through*ut anal%!e!' an$ $eottlenecking (remoing a con$ition or !ituation that limit!  *roce!! through*ut). Proce!! !imulation tool! can e u!e$ throughout the li&e c%cle o& *roce!! $eelo*ment an$ *ro$uct commerciali?ation. To increa!e increa!e *lant through*u through*ut' t' change! change! that increa!e increa!e the atch !i?e or re$uce re$uce the *lant c%cle c%cle time can e e&&ectie. In general' ,e recommen$ the &ollo,ing !trateg%. Increa!e atch !i?e until at lea!t one c%clical !te* o*erate! o*erate! at ;""C u!e ca*acit% ca*acit%. I& eui*ment eui*ment u*time i! lo,' tr% increa!ing increa!ing the numer o& c%cle! *er atch &or & or that eui*ment. Thi! ma% create o**ortunitie! &or a $$itional increa!e! in atch !i?e. A !i$e ene&it o& increa!e$ atch !i?e i! the re$uce$ co!t &or ualit% control (B#) an$ ualit% ualit% a!!urance a!!urance (BA)' ,hich $e*en$ $e*en$ on the numer' numer' not not the !i?e' o& the atche! .I& a *roce!! @*er @*erat ate! e! at it! it! mai maimu mum m atc atch h !i?e' !i?e' ,ork ,ork to re$uc re$ucee *lan *lantt c%cle c%cle time time % elimi elimina nati ting ng time time  ottleneck!. Long *roce!! !te*! an$ eui*ment !haring cau!e time ottleneck!.

MODEL DIA;RAM:

,ROCEDURE: #lick the &le!im icon' #on!truct the Mo$el Ste*-1%-Ste* Ste*;: Select unit! Ste* =: #reate the @>ect! Ste*: #onnect the *ort! Ste* 4: Setu* the Source Pro*ertie! Ste* 5: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* : Set the Bueue #a*acit% Ste* K: Setu* the Proce!!or Pro*ertie! Ste*J: Select u!e tran!*ort check o at *roce!!or! Ste* : Select u!e tran!*ort check o at *roce!!or! Ste* ;": A!!ign the arrial rate Ste* ;;: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* ;=: Set the Bueue #a*acit% Ste* ;: 7e&ine the +lo, &or the Bueue Ste* ;4: 7e&ine the Proce!! Time Ste*;5: e!et' !ae' an$ run the mo$el Ste* ;: E!ing re*ort! to ie, out*ut re!ult! Ste*;K: unning multi*le run! o& %our mo$el u!ing the 2*erimenter 

Ste* ;J: un the Mo$el Ste* ;: Anal%?ing the @ut*ut

Res$lts: The re!ult can e anal%?e$ &rom the re*ot! generate$ ,ith hel* o& $a!h oar$ like Pie #hart' 1ar #hart' Aerage Aerage #ontent' #ontent H! Time' State 1ar' Work Work In Progre!! H! Time' etc.

 Experiment!#  Experiment!# AIM: Mo$eling o& a t%*ical manu&acturing &acilit% an$ !tu$% it! *er&ormance! . T"EOR2: Automate$ gui$e$ ehicle! (A6H!) are atter%-*o,ere$' automaticall% !teere$ ehicle! that &ollo, $e&ine$ *ath,a%! in the &loor. The *ath,a%! are unotru!ie. A6H! are u!e$ to moe unit loa$!  et,een loa$ an$ unloa$ !tation! in the &acilit%. outing ariation! arc *o!!ile' meaning that $i&&erent loa$! moe et,een $i&&erent !tation!. The% are u!uall% inter&ace$ ,ith other !%!tem! to achiee the &ull ene&it! o& integrate$ automation Automate$ Automate$ !torage/retri !torage/retrieal eal !%!tem (AS/S) $irect! the *ro*er automate$ automate$ !torage an$ retrieal machine (SM) to the location ,here the item i! !tore$ an$ $irect! the machine to $e*o!it the item at a location ,here it i! to e *icke$ u*. A !%!tem o& cone%or! an$ or automate$ gui$e$ ehicle! (A6HS) i! !ometime! *art o& the AS/S !%!tem. The!e take loa$! into an$ out o& the !torage area an$ moe them to the manu&acturing &loor or loa$ing $ock!. To !tore item!' the *allet or tra% i!  *lace$ at an in*ut !tation &or the !%!tem' the in&ormation &or inentor% i! entere$ into a com*uter  terminal an$ the AS/S !%!tem moe! the loa$ to the !torage area' $etermine! a !uitale location &or  the item' an$ !tore! the loa$. A! item! are !tore$ into or retriee$ &rom the rack!' the com*uter  u*$ate u*$ate!! it! inent inentor% or% accor$i accor$ingl ngl% %. The The ene&it ene&it!! o& an AS/S AS/S !%!tem !%!tem inclu$ inclu$ee re$uce re$uce$ $ laor laor &or  tran!*orting item! into an$ out o& inentor%' re$uce$ inentor% leel!' more accurate tracking o&  inentor%' an$ !*ace !aing!. Item! are o&ten !tore$ more $en!el% than in !%!tem! ,here item! are

!tore$ an$ retriee$ manuall%. Within the !torage' item! can e *lace$ on tra%! or hang &rom ar!' ,hich are attache$ to chain!/$rie! in or$er to moe u* an$ $o,n. The eui*ment reuire$ &or an AS/S inclu$e a !torage  retrieal machine (SM) that i! u!e$ &or ra*i$ !torage an$ retrieal o&  material. SM! are u!e$ to moe loa$! erticall% or hori?ontall%' an$ can al!o moe laterall% to  *lace o>ect! in the correct !torage location

MODEL DIA;RAM:

,ROCEDURE: #lick the &le!im icon' #on!truct the Mo$el Ste*-1%-Ste* Ste* ;: #reate the @>ect! Ste*=: #onnect the *ort! Ste* : A!!ign the arrial rate Ste* 4: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* 5: Set the Bueue #a*acit% Ste* : 7e&ine the +lo, &or the Bueue Ste* K: 7e&ine the Proce!! Time Ste* J: #reate a $i!*atcher an$ = o*erator! Ste* : #onnect the 7i!*atcher an$ @*erator! Ste* ;": Mo$i&% Bueue +lo, to E!e Tran!*orter  Ste* ;;: The la%out o& #one%or; an$ #one%or

Ste* ;=: 7elete the !ink  Ste* ;: #reate three ack! Ste* ;4: #reate a 6loal Tale Tale to #ontrol +lo, item ite m routing Ste*;5: A$>u!ting A$>u!ting the Sen$ to Port @*tion on the #one%or Bueue Ste* ;: e!et' Sae' an$ un Ste* ;K: A$$ing 8et,ork 8o$e! to $eelo* a *ath &or the ASS Ste*;J: e!et' !ae' an$ run the mo$el Ste* ;: E!ing re*ort! to ie, out*ut re!ult! Ste*=": unning multi*le run! o& %our mo$el u!ing the 2*erimenter  Ste* =;: un the Mo$el Ste* ==: Anal%?ing the @ut*ut.

Res$lts: The re!ult can e anal%?e$ &rom the re*ot! generate$ ,ith hel* o& $a!h oar$ like Pie #hart' 1ar #hart' Aerage #ontent' #ontent H! Time' State 1ar' Work In Progre!! H! Time'

 Experiment!$ MATERIAL "ANDLIN; S2STEM AIM: To create a manu&acturing enironment ,ith tran!*orter! &or material han$ling an$ to ealuate it! *er&ormance.

T"EOR2: Material han$ling i! $e&ine$ the moement' !torage' *rotection an$ control o& material! throughout the manu&acturing an$ $i!triution *roce!! inclu$ing their con!um*tion an$ $i!*o!al. The han$ling o& material! mu!t e *er&orme$ !a&el%' e&&icientl% at lo, co!t' in a timel% manner accuratel% (the right material! in the right uantitie! to the right location!)' an$ ,ithout $amage to the material!. Material han$ling i! an im*ortant %et o&ten oerlooke$ i!!ue in *ro$uction. The co!t o& material han$ling han$ling i! a !igni&icant !igni&icant *ortion o& total *ro$uction *ro$uction co!t' e!timate! e!timate! aeraging aeraging aroun$ ="-=5C. The  *ro*ortion arie!' $e*en$ing on the t%*e o& *ro$uction an$ $egree o& automation in the material han$ling &unction. Material han$ling i! a mean! o& moing moing an$ !toring material! material! et,een *roce!!ing an$/or a!!eml% o*eration!. In mo!t manu&acturing *lant!' material! !*en$ more time eing moe$ an$ !tore$ than  eing *roce!!e$. In !ome ca!e!' the ma>orit% o& the laor co!t in the &actor% i! con!ume$ in han$ling' moing' an$ !toring material!. It i! im*ortant that thi! &unction e carrie$ out a! e&&icientl% a!  *o!!ile.

6reat ariet% o& material han$ling eui*ment i! aailale commerciall%. Material han$ling 2ui*ment inclu$e!: (;) tran!*ort eui*ment. (=) Storage !%!tem!' () uniti?ing eui*ment an$ (4) I$enti&ication an$ tracking !%!tem!

MODEL DIA;RAM:

,ROCEDURE: #lick the &le!im icon' #on!truct the Mo$el Ste*-1%-Ste* Ste*;: Select unit! Ste* =: #reate the @>ect! Ste*: #onnect the *ort! Ste* 4: Setu* the Source Pro*ertie! Ste* 5: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* : Set the Bueue #a*acit% Ste* K: Setu* the Proce!!or Pro*ertie! Ste*J: Select u!e tran!*ort check o at *roce!!or! Ste* : Select u!e tran!*ort check o at *roce!!or! Ste* ;": A!!ign the arrial rate Ste* ;;: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* ;=: Set the Bueue #a*acit%

Ste* ;: 7e&ine the +lo, &or the Bueue Ste* ;4: 7e&ine the Proce!! Time Ste*;5: e!et' !ae' an$ run the mo$el Ste* ;: E!ing re*ort! to ie, out*ut re!ult! Ste*;K: unning multi*le run! o& %our mo$el u!ing the 2*erimenter  Ste* ;J: un the Mo$el Ste* ;: Anal%?ing the @ut*ut

Res$lts: The re!ult can e anal%?e$ &rom the re*ot! generate$ ,ith hel* o& $a!h oar$ like Pie #hart' 1ar #hart' Aerage Aerage #ontent' #ontent H! Time' State 1ar' Work Work In Progre!! H! Time' etc.

 Experiment!%   Experiment!%  AIM: Mo$eling an$ Simulation o& la%out! T"EOR2: 2&&ectie ealuation! o& man% real ,orl$ !ituation! are too com*le. Alternatie metho$! mu!t e u!e$ to ealuate the *er&ormance o& !uch !%!tem!. Simulation i! a mo$eling an$ anal%!i! tool ,i$el% u!e$ &or the *ur*o!e o& $e!igning' *lanning' an$ control o& manu&acturing !%!tem! . Simulation in general i! to *reten$ that one $eal! ,ith a real thing ,hile reall% ,orking ,ith an imitation. In o*eration! re!earch' the imitation i! a com*uter mo$el o& the !imulate$ realit%. The ta!k  o& eecuting !imulation! *roi$e! in!ight an$ a $ee* un$er!tan$ing o& *h%!ical *roce!!e! that are  eing mo$ele$. Simulation i! generall% re&erre$ to a! com*uter !imulation' ,hich !imulate! the o*eration o& a manu&acturing !%!tem. A com*uter !imulation or a com*uter mo$el i! a com*uter   *rogram ,hich attem*t! to !imulate an a!tract mo$el o& a *articular !%!tem. #om*uter !imulation ,a! $eelo*e$ han$ in-han$ ,ith the ra*i$ gro,th o& the com*uter' &ollo,ing it! &ir!t large-!cale $e*lo%ment $uring the Manhattan Pro>ect in Worl$ Worl$ War War II to mo$el the *roce!! o& nuclear $etonation  #om*uter !imulation i! o&ten u!e$ an a$>unct to' or !u!titution &or' mo$eling !%!tem! &or ,hich !im*le clo!e$ &orm anal%tic anal%tic !olution! !olution! are not *o!!ile. There There are man% $i&&erent $i&&erent t%*e! o& com*uter  !imulation3 the common &eature the% all !hare i! the attem*t to generate a !am*le o& re*re!entatie !cenario! &or a mo$el in ,hich a com*lete enumeration o& all *o!!ile !tate! o& the mo$el ,oul$ e

 *rohiitie or im*o!!ile. #om*uter !imulation! hae ecome a u!e&ul *art o& mo$eling man% natural !%!tem! in *h%!ic!' chemi!tr% an$ iolog%' human !%!tem! in economic! an$ !ocial !cience an$ in the *roce!! o& ne, technolog% in the &iel$ o& engineering' to gain in!ight into the o*eration o&  tho!e !%!tem!. Tra$itionall%' the &ormal mo$eling o& !%!tem! ha! een ia a mathematical mo$el' ,hich attem*t! to &in$ anal%tical !olution! to *rolem! ,hich enale the *re$iction o& the ehaior  o& the !%!tem &rom a !et o& *arameter! an$ initial con$ition!. #om*uter !imulation! uil$ on' an$ are a u!e&ul a$>unct to *urel% mathematical mo$el! in !cience an$ technolog% an$ entertainment. With a com*uter !imulation mo$el' a manager or !%!tem anal%!t i! ale to o!ere the ehaior o& a *roce!! ,ithout the nece!!it% o& e*erimenting ,ith the actual !%!tem. In or$er to ealuate the !%!tem!  *er&ormance gien ariou! $i!turance!' or to i$enti&% the ottleneck!' the% ma% tr% out $i&&erent manu&acturing run!' ne, o*erational con$ition!' ne, eui*ment la%out! or $i&&erent c%cle time! . A !im*le eam*le o& a !imulation inole! the to!!ing o& a all into the air. The all can e !ai$ to Q!imulateR a mi!!ile' &or in!tance. That i!' % e*erimenting ,ith thro,ing all! !tarting at $i&&erent initial height! an$ initial elocit% ector!' it can e !ai$ that ,e are !imulating the tra>ector% o& a mi!!ile. Thi! kin$ o& !imulation i! kno,n a! analog !imulation !ince it inole! a *h%!ical mo$el o& a all. A &light !imulator on a P# i! a com*uter mo$el o& !ome a!*ect! o& the &light: it !ho,! on the !creen the control! an$ ,hat the Q*ilotR (the %oung!ter ,ho o*erate! it) i! !u**o!e$ to !ee &rom the Qcock*itR (hi! armchair).

MODEL DIA;RAM:

,ROCEDURE: #lick the &le !im icon' #on!truct the Mo$el Ste*-1%-Ste* Ste* ;: #reate the @>ect! Ste*=: #onnect the *ort! Ste* : A!!ign the arrial rate Ste* 4: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* 5: Set the Bueue #a*acit% Ste* : 7e&ine the +lo, &or the Bueue Ste* K: 7e&ine the Proce!! Time Ste* J: #reate three ack! Ste* : #reate a 6loal Tale to #ontrol +lo, item routing Ste*;": A$>u!ting A$>u!ting the Sen$ to Port @*tion on the Bueue Ste* ;;: e!et' Sae' an$ un Ste* ;=: A$$ing 8et,ork 8o$e! to $eelo* a *ath &or the ASS Ste*;: e!et' !ae' an$ run the mo$el Ste* ;4: E!ing re*ort! to ie, out*ut re!ult!

Ste*;5: unning multi*le run! o& %our mo$el u!ing the 2*erimenter  Ste* ;: un the Mo$el Ste* ;K: Anal%?ing the @ut*ut.

Res$lts: The re!ult can e anal%?e$ &rom the re*ot! generate$ ,ith hel* o& $a!h oar$ like Pie #hart' 1ar #hart' Aerage Aerage #ontent' #ontent H! Time' State 1ar' Work Work In Progre!! H! Time' etc.

 Experiment!&   Experiment!&  AIM: Stu$% o& tran!*ort !%!tem in a !ho* &loor  in a +le!im 2nironment.

T"EOR2: A6H! (Automate$ 6ui$e$ Hehicle) are in$e*en$entl% o*erate$' !el&-*ro*elle$ ehicle! that are gui$e$ along $e&ine$ *ath,a%! in the &loor. The The ehicle! are *o,ere$ % mean! o& on-oar$ atterie! that allo, o*eration &or !eeral hour! (J to ; hour! i! t%*ical) et,een recharging. The $e&inition o&  the *ath,a%! i! generall% accom*li!he$ u!ing ,ire! eme$$e$ in the &loor or re&lectie *aint on the &loor !ur&ace. 6ui$ance i! achiee$ % !en!or! on the ehicle! that can &ollo, the gui$e ,ire! or   *aint. A common a**lication i! moing hea% *a%loa$! oer large $i!tance! in ,arehou!e! or &actorie! ,ith or ,ithout interme$iate *icku* an$ $ro*-o&& *oint! along the route. +or train! con!i!ting o& &ie to ten trailer!' thi! i! an e&&icient tran!*ort !%!tem Automate$ gui$e$ ehicle! can e $ii$e$ into the &ollo,ing three categorie!: (;) 7rierle!! train!. (=) Pallet truck! an$ () Enit loa$ carrier!.

MODEL IN,UT DATA:     

So$'*e a''i.al 'ate: normal(="'=) !econ$! 5$e$e maxim$m si&e: =5 &lo, item! Testing time: e*onential("'") !econ$! Con.e+o' seed: ; meter *er !econ$ Te!ter =' Item t%*e  to Te!ter . Flo# item 'o$ting: Item t%*e ; to Te!ter ;' Item t%*e = to Te!ter



Teste' set$ time: #on!tant time o& ;" !econ$!  ,'od$*t handling: @*erator &rom ueue to te!ter. +ork truck &rom cone%or ueue to !ink.  5$e$e Caa*it+: ;"

MODEL DIA;RAM:

,ROCEDURE: #lick the &le!im icon' #on!truct the Mo$el Ste*-1%-Ste*

Ste* ;: #reate the @>ect! Ste*=: #onnect the *ort! Ste* : A!!ign the arrial rate Ste* 4: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* 5: Set the Bueue #a*acit% Ste* : 7e&ine the +lo, &or the Bueue Ste* K: 7e&ine the Proce!! Time Ste* J: #reate a $i!*atcher an$ t,o A6HS A6HS Ste* : #onnect the 7i!*atcher 7i! *atcher an$ A6HS Ste* ;": Mo$i&% Bueue +lo, to E!e tran!*orter  Ste* ;;: Sae the Mo$el' an$ Te!t un Ste* ;=: E!ing Tran!*orter &or the Proce!! Time Time Ste* ;: A$>u!t the Bueue0! +lo, Parameter! to E!e the Tran!*orter  Ste*;4: e!et' !ae' an$ run the mo$el Ste* ;5: E!ing re*ort! to ie, out*ut re!ult! Ste*;: unning multi*le run! o& %our mo$el u!ing the 2*erimenter  Ste* ;K: un the Mo$el Ste* ;J: Anal%?ing the @ut*ut

Res$lts: The re!ult can e anal%?e$ &rom the re*ot! generate$ ,ith hel* o& $a!h oar$ like Pie #hart' 1ar #hart' Aerage Aerage #ontent' #ontent H! Time' State 1ar' Work Work In Progre!! H! Time' etc.

 Experiment!'  Experiment!' AIM: Simulation o& +leile manu&acturing S%!tem!. T"EOR2: Waiting line! or ueue! ei!t in almo!t all in$u!trial an$ manu&acturing *roce!!e!. In all !uch ueuing !%!tem!' there are entitie! that nee$ to e re*etitiel% *roce!!e$ % other entit%(!). The entit% ,aiting in a line to receie !erice i! calle$ a client an$ the entit% that *roce!!e!' client! i! calle$ a !erer. Similar to ueuing !%!tem! in manu&acturing !etting!' in man% con!truction !%!tem!' client! (or re!ource!) can e $e-la%e$ in ,aiting line! ,hen a !erer (or *roce!!or) i! alrea$% ca*ture$ % a *reiou!l% arrie$ client an$ thu! i! u!%. A cla!!ic eam*le o& a con!truction ueuing !%!tem i! the arrial o& $um* truck! in a loa$ing area ,here ecaator! or &ront en$ loa$er! loa$ them ,ith !oil. A! !ho,n in +ig. ;' c%clic actiitie! o& an earth moing o*eration con!i!t o& loa$' haul' $um*' an$ return *roce!!e!. A *art o& thi! c%cle that emrace! the ,aiting line an$ !erer i! con!i$ere$ a! the ueuing !%!tem. There&ore' it i! clear that the oun$arie! o& the !%!tem are not nece!!aril% !*atiall% &ie$ an$ can $%namicall% change $e*en$ing on the length o& the ueue an$ the e&&icienc% o& the !erer. A! !oon a! a client arrie! in!i$e the oun$arie! o& the !%!tem' $e*en$ing on the !tate o& the !erer (i.e. i$le or u!%)' it either ,ait! in the ueue or *rocee$! to e !ere$ imme$iatel%. @nce the !erice i! com*lete$' the client leae! the !%!tem an$ it! !tate' attriute!' an$ other *ro*ertie! ,ill no longer a&&ect the con$ition! an$ *ro*ertie! o& the ueuing !%!tem. That i! ,h% in ueuing !%!tem! terminolog%' the arrial o& a client in the !%!tem i! al!o re&erre$ to a! the client0! irth an$ it! $e*arture &rom the !%!tem i! calle$ the client0! $eath ',hich im*l% that onl% the time that a client !*en$! in!i$e the ueuing !%!tem i! o& intere!t to ueuing anal%!i!; .A &inal note on +ig. ;i! that although it !ho,! a con!truction o*eration c%cle' a ueuing !%!tem ma% not e nece!!aril% *art o& a c%clic o*eration3 that i!' the client! that enter the !%!tem ma% not return an$ the characteri!tic! o& the ueuing !%!tem $o not $e*en$ on the client!0 i$enti&ication!.

MODEL DIA;RAM:

,ROCEDURE: #lick the &le!im icon' #on!truct the Mo$el Ste*-1%-Ste* Ste* ;: #reate the @>ect! Ste*=: #onnect the *ort! Ste* : A!!ign the arrial rate Ste* 4: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* 5: Set the Bueue #a*acit% Ste* : 7e&ine the +lo, &or the Bueue Ste* K: 7e&ine the Proce!! Time Ste* J: #reate three ack! Ste* : #reate a 6loal Tale to #ontrol +lo, item routing Ste*;": A$>u!ting A$>u!ting the Sen$ to Port @*tion on the Bueue Ste* ;;: e!et' Sae' an$ un Ste* ;=: E!ing re*ort! to ie, out*ut re!ult! Ste*;: unning multi*le run! o& %our mo$el u!ing the 2*erimenter  Ste* ;4: un the Mo$el Ste* ;5: Anal%?ing the @ut*ut.

Res$lts: The re!ult can e anal%?e$ &rom the re*ot! generate$ ,ith hel* o& $a!h oar$ like Pie #hart' 1ar #hart' Aerage Aerage #ontent' #ontent H! Time' State 1ar' Work Work In Progre!! H! Time' etc.

 Experiment!(  Experiment!( AIM: Simulation o& +leile manu&acturing S%!tem!. T"EOR2: An automate$ !torage/retrie !torage/retrieal al !%!tem (AS/S) (AS/S) i! a cominatio comination n o& eui*ment an$ control! ,hich han$le!' !tore!' an$ retriee! material! ,ith *reci!ion' accurac%' an$ !*ee$ un$er a $e&ine$ $egree o&  automation. automation. AS/S AS/S !%!tem! !%!tem! are cu!tom-*lann cu!tom-*lanne$ e$ &or each in$ii$ual in$ii$ual a**lication' a**lication' an$ the% range in com*leit% &rom relatiel% !mall mechani?e$ !%!tem! that are controlle$ manuall% to er% large com*uter-controlle$ !%!tem! that are &ull% integrate$ ,ith &actor% an$ ,arehou!e o*eration!.  The AS/S con!i!t! o& a !erie! o& !torage ai!le! that are !erice$ % one or more !torage/retrieal (S/) machine!' u!uall% one S/ machine *er ai!le. The ai!le! hae !torage rack! &or hol$ing the material! to e !tore$. The S/ machine! are u!e$ to $elier material! to the !torage rack! an$ to retriee material! &rom the rack!. The AS/S ha! one or more in*ut/out*ut !tation! ,here material! are $elie $eliere$ re$ &or entr% into !torag !toragee an$ ,here material! material! are *icke$ *icke$ u* &rom &rom the !%!tem. !%!tem. The The in*ut/out*ut !tation! are o&ten re&erre$ to a! *ick u* an$ $e*o!it !tation! in the terminolog% o&  AS/S !%!tem!. ASS !%!tem! are $e!igne$ &or automate$ !torage an$ retrieal o& *art! an$ item! in manu&acturing' $i!triution' retail' ,hole!ale an$ in!titution!. The !%!tem! o*erate un$er com*uteri?e$ control' maintaining an inentor% o& !tore$ item!. etrieal o& item! i! accom*li!he$ % !*eci&%ing the item t%*e an$ uantit% to e retriee$. The com*uter $etermine! ,here in the !torage area the item can e retriee$ &rom an$ !che$ule! the retrieal.

MODEL DIA;RAM:

,ROCEDURE: #lick the &le!im icon' #on!truct the Mo$el Ste*-1%-Ste* Ste* ;: #reate the @>ect! Ste*=: #onnect the *ort!

Ste* : A!!ign the arrial rate Ste* 4: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* 5: Set the Bueue #a*acit% Ste* : 7e&ine the +lo, &or the Bueue Ste* K: 7e&ine the Proce!! Time Ste* J: #reate a $i!*atcher an$ = o*erator! Ste* : #onnect the 7i!*atcher an$ @*erator! Ste* ;": Mo$i&% Bueue +lo, to E!e Tran!*orter  Ste* ;: #reate three ack! Ste* ;4: #reate a 6loal Tale Tale to #ontrol +lo, item ite m routing Ste*;5: A$>u!ting A$>u!ting the Sen$ to Port @*tion on the Bueue Ste* ;: e!et' Sae' an$ un Ste* ;K: A$$ing 8et,ork 8o$e! to $eelo* a *ath &or the ASS Ste*;J: e!et' !ae' an$ run the mo$el Ste* ;: E!ing re*ort! to ie, out*ut re!ult! Ste*=": unning multi*le run! o& %our mo$el u!ing the 2*erimenter  Ste* =;: un the Mo$el Ste* ==: Anal%?ing the @ut*ut.

Res$lts: The re!ult can e anal%?e$ &rom the re*ot! generate$ ,ith hel* o& $a!h oar$ like Pie #hart' 1ar #hart' Aerage Aerage #ontent' #ontent H! Time' State 1ar' Work Work In Progre!! H! Time' etc.

 Experiment!1) AIM: I$enti&ication o& ottleneck machine on a gien !ho* &loor . T"EOR2: 1ottleneck! in a *ro$uction line hae een !ho,n to e one o& the main rea!on! that im*e$e im*e$e *ro$uctiit *ro$uctiit% %. #orrectl% #orrectl% an$ e&&icientl% e&&icientl% i$enti&%ing i$enti&%ing ottleneck ottleneck location! location! can im*roe im*roe the utili?ation o& &inite manu&acturing re!ource!' increa!e the !%!tem through*ut' an$ minimi?e the total co!t o& *ro$uction. #urrent ottleneck $etection !cheme! can e !e*arate$ into t,o categorie!: anal%tical an$ !imulation-a!e$. +or the anal%tical metho$' the !%!tem *er&ormance i! a!!ume$ to e $e!crie$ % a !tati!tical $i!triution. Although an anal%tical mo$el i! goo$ at long term *re$iction' thi! t%*e o& mo$el i! not a$euate &or !oling the ottleneck $etection *rolem in the !hort term. @n the other han$' the !imulation-a!e$ metho$ ha! $i!a$antage!' !uch a! long $eelo*ment time an$ $ecr $ecrea ea!e !e$ $ &le &lei iil ilit it% % &or &or $i&& $i&&er eren entt *ro$ *ro$uc ucti tion on !cen !cenar ario io!' !' ,hic ,hich h grea greatl tl% % im*e im*e$e $e it! it! ,i$e ,i$e im*lementation. 1ecau!e o& all the!e *rolem!' a $ata $rien ottleneck $etection metho$ ha! een con!tr con!truct ucte$ e$ a!e$ a!e$ on the real-tim real-timee $ata $ata &rom &rom manu&a manu&actu cturin ring g !%!tem !%!tem!. !. E!ing E!ing thi! thi! ne, ne, metho$ metho$''  ottleneck location! can e i$enti&ie$ in oth the !hort term an$ long term. +urthermore' the  *ro*o!e$ $ata $rien ottleneck $etection $etect ion metho$ ha! een eri&ie$ eri& ie$ u!ing the re!ult! &rom oth the anal%tical an$ !imulation metho$!. The a!!um*tion! an$ !im*li&ication! in the eri&ication inclu$e: (;) The &ir!t machine i! neer !tare$' an$ the la!t machine i! neer locke$. (=) ea!onal% a!!ume the c%cle time &or each machine to e !ame' ecau!e the c%cle time &or each machine in the actual !%!tem o& $i&&erent t%*e! o& machine i! uite clo!e. () Machine i! the turning *oint. We $e&ine the *arameter! a! &ollo,!: - 1lockage time &or machine >' > U i-;' i - Staration time &or machine >' > U i' iN; - 7o,n time &or machine >' > U i-;' i' iN; - Working Working time &or machine >' > U i-;' i' iN; T- Sam*ling Sam*ling time (e.g.' one !hi&t) T# - #%cle time o& machine! - @erall !%!tem through*ut - Stan$alone through*ut &or in$ii$ual machine >'  > U i-;' i' iN;

MODEL DIA;RAM:

,ROCEDURE: #lick the &le!im icon' #on!truct the Mo$el Ste*-1%-Ste* Ste* ;: #reate the @>ect! Ste*=: #onnect the *ort! Ste* : A!!ign the arrial rate Ste* 4: Set Item t%*e an$ #olor  Ste* 5: Set the Bueue #a*acit% Ste* : 7e&ine the +lo, &or the Bueue Ste* K: 7e&ine the Proce!! Time Ste* J: #reate a $i!*atcher an$ = o*erator! Ste* : #onnect the 7i!*atcher an$ @*erator! Ste* ;": Mo$i&% Bueue +lo, to E!e Tran!*orter  Ste* ;: #reate three ack! Ste* ;4: #reate a 6loal Tale Tale to #ontrol +lo, item ite m routing Ste*;5: A$>u!ting A$>u!ting the Sen$ to Port @*tion on the Bueue Ste* ;: e!et' Sae' an$ un Ste* ;K: A$$ing 8et,ork 8o$e! to $eelo* a *ath &or the ASS Ste*;J: e!et' !ae' an$ run the mo$el Ste* ;: E!ing re*ort! to ie, out*ut re!ult! Ste*=": unning multi*le run! o& %our mo$el u!ing the 2*erimenter  Ste* =;: un the Mo$el Ste* ==: Anal%?ing the @ut*ut.

Res$lts: The re!ult can e anal%?e$ &rom the re*ot! generate$ ,ith hel* o& $a!h oar$ like Pie #hart' 1ar #hart' Aerage Aerage #ontent' #ontent H! Time' State 1ar' Work Work In Progre!! H! Time' etc.