Final Six Sigma Project

INTRODUCTION ORIGIN OF SIX SIGMA m
 
     
    
      
 
  


 
   

  

     

  
  

  

    

 
 
 
    
   
 

 

 
  !

 
    
 "#$%  & 

  


  

  

 Ñ

    
    
     
   
    
 
    

  

    

 
   
      m'$ (
  #

       




  


$   ) * +,,-$   
 
 
./01      





 




 

 

 

 




 2





 
3 

"
    *
 % 4

 5
  

6  7
  
 
 
 8 
 
 099,       
: 
 ;,,  2  
  
 
 
       SIX SIGMA-WHAT IS IT?        Six Standard Deviations "      


  
   


  
    %   
  

   
   
    

 
 
   
   =2
  

>   
m   

     '  
   
 no more that 3.4 defects per million opportunities *    

   
      
    

 



  m 
 


 




 
 

 m
 
  
   
   2
  

 
   
  
   
 



 
 3

  

   
  
 

 
 
 
  

   

 


 c
  

SIX SIGMA METRIC-

MOTOROLA METRIC-

[
  

METHODOLOGY FOR SIX SIGMA       
 
   
 #$*)?  #$*#@    
  7 5 #
 &# ?
* ? 
 c.‘ DMAIC - 
  

 

 8 
     
   

A c.‘ à    
 
  



   
 
    
 
 



 [.‘   
 

 


 
   3.‘ 2
  

      #


 

   
 

    


 

 4.‘ ?    2



 
 


#
   5 

 *.‘ a 
 

    
 
 

 
 
 
 
  

 
      
  
           


  




  
 DMADV )  
   

 
     
 
    
 
 



 
 
 8 
     
   

A c.‘ à   


  
 
      
 
    
 
 



 [.‘     
 ?m' "     
%    
     
 

 3.‘ 2
  

 
 

 

  


 


   




  4.‘ à  
 2
 
 
      
  
   m   
  

  *.‘ Ë   
 
  
     

     
   
   
 


G
  

  TOOLS FOR SIX SIGMA 0‘ +‘ ‘ !‘

?*.5*B#5::5?m#)*4C*$ :D7?3*Cm ?*mm5C#)*4C*$ 7m*B*DE)

SOFTWARE FOR SIX SIGMA0‘ $)B)m*8 $    
 $  
  F     
 

     ?$$) 
 

 


  $ 0; 
 
 
   
  
  
  - 

  
 "5   :
 4
G 

? 

H %  +‘ C*?D5?CEm*D8*DD  ^
  

REVIEW OF LITERATURE      
   
 
         
  I 
     

  



 

   




    



 )   
 

  


    

 

    7       I 
   6  7
 A =7
 


 
  
 
 
  

J
    


  IK

  
     

  

m

 )I       
  
      
 


‘
‘ ‘  ‘   ‘ What is six sigma?¶

 m


   $   



  
 
 
   

  

 
  
      

   
 & 
   
 *  $   


 
   $   
 

 
  

      


 
2
  F      
  F
 )
        2 
 

 

 





 

 

‘ 4 

"6+,,0%
 ? *
 µThe Birth of Six Sigma¶ 

7  m
  
     

  
 

  
  
 
    



  F

  
7  !,LJ?

 5


I  

   
 

 
7 




   
      





 



    
 


7 m
  
 


   ' 

    

 
 
  
 
 )
 
 
 

  

7 m
  






          #$  #G  4"+,,M%µSix Sigma at Wipro Technologies: Thrust on Quality¶ 

*
  

Research process c.‘ RESEARCH OBJECTIVE7  

 )N)4$*O



 
  
 
")B#)*B%

7 

       

  O

7 

 



    O   a)‘ Industries using "SIX SIGMA"5
     
 
 

 7

  
 
   
   ¦‘ ¦‘ ¦‘ ¦‘ ¦‘

)m 

  
  *
 3 

 )‘ Specific companies in various industries(INDIAN)¦‘ # ¦‘ 7   c)‘ Methodology of six sigma adopted y each company d)‘ Benefits they have derived from using six sigma


  

[.‘ RESEARCH DESIGN

DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH 
 
    
 
 
 
   
  
  
 



 







Limitation of our research- B   
    
  
    m

 
  

   
   
  
     
 
 7
 

 
 
 
  
       
 



  
     

  
      
 
 8     
 
 
  


  
 


3.‘ DATA COLLECTION METHODSm

 

 A a)‘ C

 
 )‘ 8

 c)‘ $ 2
 d)‘ )

 "#

 




%    

 
  

Industries using six sigma ) ) 7   
  
  
    
       I     0991 7 I

 
    
 

 
   
 :$?4 8   
   

 )pharmaceutical industry    







  
   
      )     ;0,P  
 
  
   
 
 

 
 
  

 


m
     


  
  
 



    m

  
       
2
  


2
       2
  

   C :m
 Airlineindustry    

 m
 

  

 
  
    
 

   
 
 

    
       
 

  
  m
 
 
     
     
   
  
2
 )  
  

 
 
   
  2 ) 
G 
6
*)
  
 
  

 

 Hospitality services 
  
     
 


  
         

    
 2
 

  
  

  
  
    
 
 


    

   Steel industries 
m)?
 

 2


 


  

   )099M: 
 2


Mumai Daawallahs  
      F0
 M  D  
 




  

   




 

 )


 

  
   

 



   
 ÿ
  

Introduction aout Daawalas m
 # 
  founded y Mahadeo Havaji Bacche    
 ³The Nutan Mumai Tiffin Box Suppliers Trust´   


 

   

 m
 # 




 



 
   
&


 
 

   

  
 


 
    
 
&
  m
#&


    



 
m  
  
   
2

  

    


 $& 
 ) 099M : 
 4   2
  
   
   
 #&


   
      
 
     99999999Q 
 # 
 

      Facts aout Daawalas R‘ ? 
mC


09;- R‘ 5  AM;P)

 R‘ m 
? 

A-,G R)



   H

  
 

  

6.‘ Do not e over Dependent on Technology R: 00-
#   
  


  ) Rm  
 

 
   
    R7

H$
 
 
  
 
   R8     .‘ Co-operation inside- Competition Outside. Rm


+ #  
 



cè
   

¦‘ # 
   
  
  
  ? 
     
  R  

 
   

  


 R7 J 
    2  

8.‘ Commitment Matters- Qualification Doesn¶t R* M;P #


 R0;P
 M
 R  
 
 
   
    

  
 
 
   
 

    
 
 R) 



   
 

è.‘ Know the implication of Failure R)

 


 

  

  
 R 
 8 
 R)


 

#
8  
 RG  
   

  

 

      

c .‘Build your services around existing infrastructure R#



 


      R$

 
$

  
       
 R       #

 
 
  
 R8 
 
 

  

 

cc.‘Aandon Bad customers. R7
# 



# 

 R) 
 + 

 
 F R*
 



 




  
  
 R8  


 
   
   
 c[.‘Penalize Employees for non compliance R # 
 
2
     
  4  m    
    

  
    
 [
   

R *
    
    # 
   
 

 


   
 
 R# 
 
 

  #
 

c3.‘Do Not Transfer Your Employees Very often R;,,,#




 +   

 R$  



    ,
L 

 R: 


 
  


Achievements  c.‘ Documentaries made y : R‘ 88?.m@$m@(55m@**6m*Gm@m#*E*3*C**$*Em*C m@?B8?m@0M?BBBEm@m@mGEB#m@ [.‘ Case study made y : R‘ )?:*)
3
H8  
 R‘ C )


 8
S? R‘ * ) 
F
4


 6 .
  ? 8


 3.‘ Invitationsfrom  R‘ ?))  



8  
))$D))$*?))? ?))#
 # C
ID:  3
?$3C#
?$3C#B  S
C ?S8  
B)'C?
 R‘ ?‘)
 
 3 
? 
 5  9 *+,,; 4.‘ Other achievements : R‘  
=#
EB #
? 
> 5

m

  R‘ C


 C
&=


  > R‘ B
=4.)B58G 7 C
> R‘ 7 
8
m
$

     *.‘ „ 

R‘ 4
C B
 C $ C $:$S4 88?C  C  [c
   

Conclusion m
 
  JI 
    
  
  )I    
 
S 

 

 
F 

  

 

7  



 
)  F

  m
  
  m
   

 

  


  
 mastered the art of logistics management, supply chain management, customer service,Just-in-time management, team work and prolem solving. 

   


   
 
 

   
   
 
 

 5
 

   
  
 "
 . G )
 % 
 2
   
 
     
 
  
* 

 
 
  
 2

  
  
 

 
 

   

   
  = 
  
4  
 
 
    
    
   > m
  
S 
  
S 
    
 
 





   
? 
I

   
  $  B 

 +,,    


 
 3
  
 

   

C$

=$

 
? 

  
  


 

3 
 
 
    
  

 
 
   
  
m


     
 
 
 
   
   


[[
   

Evolution of Six Sigma at Wipro 7 
)     m 7   
 
 
    

  90P 
 F

 

 

   



 ;;P * 
  

       ) 7   
    
 
   
  

     *  
  
  
 

      
0,,, F
  7 


  
  


     
    2  *7 
A "%3
  



  
  "%5
 

 
  2  "%? 





  


  "%$
' 
 

Difficulties encountered y Wipro and learning from them: c.‘ Build the Culture: )

       

     
 
 

 
 ) 
 
   
  2   

 
 
 


 
7     
 




  [.‘ Project selection: m

 
 



    
: 


   
  F


 




 

 
  
 F
F
 


   
 ‘ Training:  *




 

  
  
  
     
      m   
     

   
    F m  
7  
    


 4.‘ Resources: )  

 
 

  
     
   
    F
    F
 7     
   
 
   
  
  F
 [G
   

Implementation of Six Sigma at Wipro 7   

 F
     

 F



 


 
  
 
 

   
   8
 

   

   
 
   7  
 
     
   


 (I) For developing new processes:  #L"#

     
% 
#

 
 #"#
    
H  %S 
#

 
 #?*$"#
  ? 
  $ %3

 $ 


(II) For Improving Existing Processes #$*)?"#

$

*2
) 
?  %3

) ?

 m'"m  '.   %


   ?:$"? :  
$ %?   
  
  ?
0;,,,L
 



  
   
7         
  
 0M,

   
  

       
  0,,,  F
 [^
   

Reaping the Benefits: m
   7   

    

 
 
    

m
  


 


   
 +;,P-
 0$8
 0M
 


m


+,,P    
 

  
A ¦‘ )   
 
      

 
 
   
  
I 




    
  ¦‘ )  







 
 


 

  
 


  " 




;,P%  


  "
   
  0+P ;P% ¦‘ 7

  

    ;P ¦‘ ?   
  
 "  
     !;P   0P  
 
% ¦‘ m 
  
  
  

 
    
 * 

         
 
  7  

  
   
     

  
 
 
   
  

   


 m
 
   
      
   

   7  ) 
 
    
   

 
 

 
 
  




 




m
 7 I


 


  



  
  


 A 

¦‘

,!,P 
    
 

¦‘ +, ,P 
   ¦‘ 



"9 P F
 

 
% ¦‘ D 
 
 

 
 "-1P  
    

% m
 
 

 




 
  
 
   
 
 

  

  


  
 
 
I   


[*
   

Resources invested in Six Sigma y WIPRO

 The graph represents the numer of lack elts in the organization from cèè -è8 till [

6-

 , this graph clearly depicts the sharp increase in the numer of professionals. Six sigma and financial gains of WIPRO

 The graph represents the savings made y WIPRO due to implementation of six sigma. And y looking at the two graphs i.e. the resources employed and the savings incurred it can e seen that they represent ³A DIRECT RELATION TO EACH OTHER´.    [
   

INTENATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR STANDARDS (ISO) ) ")
   2    2 %  
  &largest developer  
 International Standards )  network  
    
 c*è countries 
 

 
  ?


4

2
 




 ) non-governmental organization  




 
 
   
 
     

 
 
   




  
 
 
 
 
 





 
  
 

 
 
 

 
  
 
 
    

 
     
     m

 
 )

 consensus  
 

       

    
 


 
the roader needs of society 8

 )
   2    2    
 

     

  
 ")  5   )B  :
   › 

‘  

‘ ‘ 


% 


  
   

m
 
"ISO" 

   
 4

 meaning "equal" 7 

 
   

 
  
 
   
  2 &
) What standards do )A ;‘


 
 

 
           

more efficient, safer and cleaner

;‘

facilitate trade


 

fairer

;‘

 




    
  
  health, safety and environmental legislation  



;‘

share
   




 


;‘



innovation

;‘

safeguard consumers


   



;‘




  solutions    


;‘

ISO standards provide technological, economic and societal enefits.

;‘

: usinesses


   )
 
 
  

   
     

 

  
     
 
 [ 
   


  

  
 
  m

 
 

   )
    

  

 
  ;‘

: innovators  
 
  
 )
    
 
 
   




     


 
  


  

;‘

: customers
 
  
     


     

 
 
  )
   
 
 road choice  
m
 

 
effects of competition  


;‘

: governments )
    
 
 
      
  

 
 

 

 

;‘

: trade officials )
   

"a level playing field"   
    
 
 m



  

    
    

 
  
   
 )
   
 
 
 
    
 


 
  


;‘

: developing countries )
     


  
  
  
 
  
  
     
 technological knowhow8
 
  
     

 



  

 
  
 )
   
 

   
     the right decisions

 
 

 
   
 


;‘

: consumers        

   )
    

 




;‘

: everyone)
  
 
quality of life


  
  








;‘

: the planet
 )
  
  
   
    
 
 
      
 
  preserve the environmen

[ÿ
   

The ISO rand ;‘

Democratic

5


 ) 
  



 
    F
 
   &
 B 
 
2
 
    
 
     

  )  
  
 5     equal footing 



  )& 

 




  
  ;‘

Voluntary

ISO standards are voluntary *   



  2  )    
    
 
 
 

     ) 
   

  

 3 

 


  ) 
 

 
  
  

 
   
   

   
  
       
  
 
 
   )      )  
   
  

market requirement  


 
 )9,,0

 
  
  
  
 ISO itself does not regulate or legislate. ;‘

Market-driven

)  

        

  market requirement m
     
 

 

 

    

  
  


 
 ;‘

Consensus

)  
 
  
  
    


  
 
 ? 


  
 
)
    
  
  


  


 periodic review 




   

 

 
   
 
 
    )    ) 

  
state of the art ;‘

Gloally relevant

)  
 
   


     
 
 
   compatile technology worldwidem


 
 
  







   ISO standards are useful everywhere in the world. [è
   

How to recognize an ISO standard ) 
    )   
  *!        
 
  
 )  
 2
 )  
 

 


   
  
  
 

 

&  )
 


    
 
     
   ?#   

 * )  
the ISO logo 

  International Standard The scope of ISO's work )  
 0M,,,)
  

  
 
  
   )&  

       
      
         
 
 

         
 

     
  
   



 
 

 What's different aout ISO è

c and ISO c4 c

m
  F   )  
   
          
  
 3 

) 9,,0 "%  ) 0!,,0 "
 
%
 generic management system standards4

 
 

 

    2 
  

   


    





   





) 9,,0 

 
 


 

  quality


 )0!,,0 environmental 


 Generic standards can e applied to any organization. ISO's origins )09!-


 +; 

D  

  



 

 2      
 F
   
    
 
 
 

         m
 
  2  )   
 
 

+ :
09!14

2


G
   

Who can join ISO $

   ) 
      
   



  2 
 " 



  % ;‘

: 

   memer odies
  
 
  
  

 
 2
  
   

  
  



;‘

Correspondent memers  

 

  

 m
 


    
   
   

     

;‘

Suscrier memers   

 

  

 m
 
 
   
   
 
 
   



          
 2 

*    


 
  
 
   

     
  
 

 
  )& A ;‘

)  
 


    

 
   

 experts on national delegations  )
  



;‘

)


  

  

 

     
   

   
 

  m    
       mirror committees 
 
  )
  



;‘

)
   2          



  


  
   liaison  
  

m
   
   






 
  


There is a range of opportunities for taking part in ISO's work. How the ISO system is managed * 
  
  
 


   
 ) 

   

     4

 *
m
   





 

)?    
 

     
    


 
    
    


 2 

Gc
   

) ?  

 
  
   

    
  

     



 )&

  )& 
  
 
  Secretary-General      

  
 

 
 



 



m


4


  
 ) ?   
 
 
  
  
President      
  
  2  



  
 m


4

  
ISO Central Secretariat 4

2
         
 
  
      
 ) 







2
&

 
 


  How the ISO system is financed )&   

 suscriptions  

 
 
    )& ?
 

 m
     
  

         
 & 4  B ) 

 
* 
 
 



sale of standards 3 


 
  )?





   
  
 



& 
 m
  
 
 
 

  
  

 
  

 
 F

 
  2   


    
  
 
    m

  2  
 

susidizing the technical work 

  


  

    
) 
 How ISO decides to develop a standard ) 
 
 

 
  
   
 
   
 
   

  


 

   
 *   
 
   
  


       
  )&   

 m
 
 
   
 
 
   
   )    
 ) 

 
   
   
   
 
  

   

 

  

  

 
  

G[
   

*

 +,,-



3 4c technical odies
)
  cè3 ISO technical committees m
  

  


2

 ) )  





policy development committees   
 
  
   
 & 

 
     
  
 m

 



   
 
  
   
  



  

m

A ;‘

?*?"  

%

;‘

?D?" 
  %

;‘

#5@?"

   
%

Who develops ISO standards )


 
 
  

  

 
 
  

    

  
   

  
   
 m



  
 F 
  



 



 
 
 
    
 
     



  2    
   
 m


 
national delegations 

) 


  
  

m



 


 


 F

  
  2   
  

   




 *   )







 
  

 
 
 
 



 


 
m 


 

  consolidated, national consensus   

  

 ISO standards are developed y experts from the sectors which have asked for them.    GG
   

How ISO standards are developed m
   

  

   
  

 

     

   
  
reach consensus     


 m    
   # )
 "#)% )&

  
  
   $ 

 
pulic review

          
 



 


 m
)



 



 



  
   
 ) 
        
  
  

     circulated to the ISO memers  : # )
   ":#)% )    
   
 
  


)
  5
   



 
 )

 
 
 


 
 )




 


 

&

 
  
 

 ) 
  
   
 
 

   
   
 ) 
  
 




 


 working electronically  speeds up the development of standards and cuts 
costs       

G^