Final Report Capstone

CAPSTONE PROJECT REPORT

(ONLINE COUNSELLING SYSTEM)

Submitted by Devika Nag

Registration No: 10812468 Programme Section

B.Tech

K28E3

Under the Guidance of ( MR. AMAN KAMBOJ) Discipline of CSE Lovely School of Technology Lovely Professional University, Phagwara

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CERTIFICATE This is to certify that DEVIKA NAG bearing Registration no. 10812468 has completed capstone project titled, “ONLINE COUNSELLING SYSTEM” under my guidance and supervision. To the best of my knowledge, the present work is the result of her original investigation and study. No part of the work has ever been submitted for any other degree at any University. The project is fit for submission and the partial fulfillment of the conditions for the award.

Signature and Name of the Research Supervisor Designation School Lovely Professional University Phagwara, Punjab. Date: 6th March 12

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DECLARATION

I, DEVIKA NAG , student of B.TECH-MBA PC-160 under Department of computer Science of

Lovely Professional University, Punjab, hereby declare that all the

information furnished in this dissertation / capstone project report is based on my own intensive research and is genuine. This dissertation / report does not, to the best of my knowledge, contain part of my work which has been submitted for the award of my degree either of this university or any other university without proper citation.

Date : 25th Nov2011 DEVIKA NAG Registration No.10812468

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3| Page

I take this opportunity to present my votes of thanks to all those guidepost who really acted as lightening pillars to enlighten our way throughout this project that has led to successful and satisfactory completion of this study. We are really grateful to our teacher for providing us with an opportunity to undertake this project in this university and providing us with all the facilities. We are highly thankful to Mr. AMAN KAMBOJ for his active support, valuable time and advice, whole-hearted guidance, sincere cooperation and pains-taking involvement during the study and in completing the assignment of preparing the said project within the time stipulated. Lastly, We are thankful to all those, particularly the various friends , who have been instrumental in creating proper, healthy and conductive environment and including new and fresh innovative ideas for us during the project, their help, it would have been extremely difficult for us to prepare the project in a time bound framework.

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1. Organization Overview……………………………………………………………….6 2. Profile of the Problem…………………………………………………………………6 3. Existing System………………………………………………………………………..7

3.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………7 3.2 Existing Software.……………………………………………………………………...8 3.3 DFD for present system………………………………………………………………8-10 3.4 What’s new in the system to be developed…………………………………………….11 4Problem Analysis………………………………………………………………………….11 4.1Product definition…………………………………………………………………...11-12 4.2 Feasibility Analysis…………………………………………………………………13-15 4.3Project Plan………………………..……………………………………………………16 5 Software Requirement Analysis….………………………………………………………17 5.1 Introduction..…………………………………………………………………………...17 5.2 General Description……………………………………………………………………...17 5.3 Specific Requirements…………………………………………………………………...18 6 Design…..…………………………………………………………………………………19 6.1 System Design…………………………………………………………………………19 6.2 Design Notations…………………………………………………………………………20 6.3 Detailed Design………………………………………………………………………21-23 6.4 Entity Relational Diagram……………………………………………………………..24 6.5 Flowcharts………………………………………………………………………………..25 6.6 Pseudo Code…………………………………………………………………………….26 7 Testing……………… …………………………………………………………………..29 7.1 Functional Testing………………………………………………………………………29 7.2 Structural Testing………………………………………………………………………30 7.3 Level of testing…………………………………………………………………………30 7.4 Testing the Project…………………………………………………………………….31 8 Implementation…………………………………………………………………………34 8.1 Implementation of Project………………………………………………………………35 8.2 Post Implementation and Software maintenance…………………………………………35 5| Page

9 Project Legacy………………………………………………………………………………36 9.1 Current status of the project………………………………………………………………36 9.2 Remaining areas of the concern…………………………………………………………..36 9.3 Technical and managerial lessons learnt………………………………………………….36 10 User Manual………………………………………………………………………………..37 11 Source Code………………………………………………………………………………..43 12 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………….124

1. ORGANIZATION OVERVIEW

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The name of my organization is Lovely Professional University (Lpu). It has a 600 + Acres Campus: A technology driven campus, spreed over 600 + acres of lush green area on NH-1 at the entry of Jalandhar city. LPU provides a Professional learning Environment that acts as a catalyst for the exponential growth of students academics as well as extracurricular abilities. LPU is India’s Largest University with 25,000+ students (on one campus) from across 26 States of India and 16 Countries around the world. LPU is duly recognized by UGC and other Apex Bodies and has accreditations of various national and International bodies and associations. LPU has a strong internationalization strategy where LPU wants to be regarded as a university with a global perspective. LPU has 25+ international tie-ups.

2. PROFILE OF THE PROBLEM 7| Page

The profile of the problem is that in previous time, counseling of any university or colleges was held through paper work, that means for attending that counseling we had to arrived on the place where university/colleges is located. But now we can track student and perents contacts at the individual level.

So with the help of counseling system we can solve the problem through:Referral Tracking:- Track referrals to and from outside professionals as well as referrals made internally within your organization. Simultaneously track multiple referrals for individual students Guideince Curriculum:-With the Deep Well Data Service (DWDS) Elementary Counseling Data System, counselors are able to track their delivered curriculum by date. Counselor Time Sheet:- Counselors can track their time spent in the four objective areas of Individual Planning, System Support, Curriculum Development, and Responsive Service. These categories can be added to or modified to meet the needs of your project.

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3.1 EXISTING SYSTEM

Introduction:Present system or Existing system of “Counseling Management System” working manually or computerized in a building. Therefore all types works are maintain in building.

So

maintain

all

the

counseling

procedure

very

difficult.

If we are reporting, then we need go to the University and get a form for reporting and fill the form and submit in the queue conditions. Then verify there form by the university

and

maintain

the

record

in

computer

or

register.

The system is mainly related to online counseling management system. Which is developing an online web based application system, it is necessary to make a thorough study of the existing system .There is no online Counseling Management System .The all the information not maintains globally. Therefore to maintain all the information of university is very difficult.

Limitations of the Existing System: The maintenance of various records and procedure of reporting are being done manually by the counseling department. This leads to many drawbacks some of which are: •

It is a time consuming process.

•

Proper arrangements should be made before and after the examination -which is both money spending and time consuming.

As the number of student’s increases counseling process becomes more and more 9| Page

difficult. Not globally maintain the information Evaluating of answer sheets also consumes heavy amount of time. Difficult to management the all types of information of college or university.

Existing Software:There are a number of attributes of software that can serve as requirements. It is important that required attributes by specified so that their achievement can be objectively verified. The following items provide a partial list of examples. The input system will allow for inputting numbers, operands, special symbols and letters of the alphabets.

DFD of present system:0 Level Diagram

Request for Reporting Student

Counseling Process

University Database

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1 Level Diagram

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2 Level Diagram 12 | P a g e

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What’s new in the system to be developed:-

The new in this system is as follow:15 | P a g e

The candidates can submit the documentation form of counseling by website. We can do the changes like modify, delete, choices etc until we submit the form, and we can transfer the fees from online transaction. No time consuming.

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4. Problem Analysis

Product definition:C#.NET C# language is intended to be a simple, modern, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language. The language, and implementations thereof, should provide support for software engineering principles such as strong type checking, array bounds checking, detection of attempts to use uninitialized variables, and automatic garbage collection. Software robustness, durability,and programmer productivity are important. The language is intended for use in developing software components suitable for deployment in distributed environments. Source code portability is very important, as is programmer portability, especially for those programmers already familiar with C and C++. Support for internationalization is very important. C# is intended to be suitable for writing applications for both hosted and embedded systems, ranging from the very large that use sophisticated operating systems, down to the very small having dedicated functions. Although C# applications are intended to be economical with regard to memory and processing power requirements, the language was not intended to compete directly on 17 | P a g e

performance and size with C or assembly language.

FEATURES There are no global variables or functions. All methods and members must be declared within classes. Static members of public classes can substitute for global variables and functions. Local variables cannot shadow variables of the enclosing block, unlike C and C++. Variable shadowing is often considered confusing by C++ texts. C# supports a strict Boolean datatype, bool. Statements that take conditions, such as while and if, require an expression of a type that implements the true operator, such as the boolean type. While C++ also has a boolean type, it can be freely converted to and from integers, and expressions such as if(a) require only that a is convertible to bool, allowing a to be an int, or a pointer. C# disallows this "integer meaning true or false" approach on the grounds that forcing programmers to use expressions that return exactly bool can prevent certain types of common programming mistakes in C or C++ such as if (a = b) (use of assignment = instead of equality ==). In C#, memory address pointers can only be used within blocks specifically marked as unsafe, and programs with unsafe code need appropriate permissions to run. Most object access is done through safe object references, which always either point to a "live" object or have the welldefined null value; it is impossible to obtain a reference to a "dead" object , or to a random block of memory. An unsafe pointer can point to an instance of a value-type, array, string, or a block of memory allocated on a stack. Code that is not marked as unsafe can still store and manipulate pointers through the system. Managed memory cannot be explicitly freed; instead, it is automatically garbage collected. Garbage collection addresses the problem of memory leaks by freeing the programmer of responsibility for releasing memory which is no longer needed. In addition to the try...catch construct to handle exception. 18 | P a g e

Multiple inheritance is not supported, although a class can implement any number of interfaces. This was a design decision by the language's lead architect to avoid complication and simplify architectural requirements throughout CLI. C# is more type safe than C++. The only implicit conversions by default are those which are considered safe, such as widening of integers. This is enforced at compile-time, during JIT, and, in some cases, at runtime. There are no implicit conversions between booleans and integers, nor between enumeration members and integers (except for literal 0, which can be implicitly converted to any enumerated type). Any user-defined conversion must be explicitly marked as explicit or implicit, unlike C++ copy constructors and conversion operators, which are both implicit by default. Starting with version 4.0, C# supports a "dynamic" data type that enforces type checking at runtime only. Enumeration members are placed in their own scope. C# provides properties as syntactic sugar for a common pattern in which a pair of methods, accessor (getter) and mutator (setter) encapsulate operations on a single attribute of a class. Full type reflection and discovery is available. C# currently (as of version 4.0) has 77 reserved words. Checked exceptions are not present in C#. This has been a conscious decision based on the issues of scalability and versionability.

Feasibility Analysis:Feasibility is the determination of whether or not a project is worth doing. The process followed in making this determination is called a feasibility study. In other words a feasibility study is carried out to select the best system that meets performance requirements. Once it has been determined that a project is feasible, the analyst can go ahead and prepare the project specification which finalizes project requirements. Generally, feasibility studies are undertaken within tight time constraints and normally culminate in a written and oral feasibility The contents and recommendations of such a study will be used as a sound basis for deciding 19 | P a g e

whether to proceed, postpone or cancel the project. Thus, since the feasibility study may lead to the commitment of large resources, it becomes necessary that it should be conducted competently and that no fundamental errors of judgment are made. In the conduct of the feasibility study, the analyst will usually consider seven distinct, but interrelated types of feasibility. Three of them, which are used hugely, are as follows: Technical Feasibility Operational Feasibility Economic Feasibility

TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY

This is concerned with specifying equipment and software that will successfully satisfy the user requirement. The technical needs of the system may vary considerably, but might include:The facility to produce outputs in a given time.Response time under certain conditions.Ability to process a certain volume of transaction at a particular speed.Facility to communicate data to distant location In examining technical feasibility, configuration of the system is given more importance than the actual make of hardware.The configuration should give the complete picture about the system’s requirements: How many workstations required? How these units are interconnected so that they could operate and communicate smoothly. What speeds of input and output should be achieved at particular quality of printing. This can be used as a basis for the tender document against which dealers and manufacturers can later make their equipment bids. Specific hardware and software products can then be evaluated keeping in view with the logical needs. At the feasibility stage, it is desirable that two or three different configurations will be pursued that satisfy the key technical requirements but which represent different levels of ambition and cost. Investigation of these technical alternatives can be aided by approaching a range of suppliers for preliminary discussions. Out of all types of feasibility, technical feasibility generally is the most difficult to determine.

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ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY Economic analysis is the most frequently used technique for evaluating the effectiveness of a proposed system. More commonly known as cost/benefit analysis; the procedure is to determine the benefits and savings that are expected from a proposed system and compare them with costs. If benefits outweigh costs, a decision is taken to design and implement the system. Otherwise, further justification or alternative in the proposed system will have to e made if it is to have a chance of being approved. This is an ongoing effort that improves in accuracy at each phase of the system life cycle.

OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY It is mainly related to human organizational and political aspects. The points to be considered are:What changes will be brought with the system? What organizational structures are disturbed? What new skills will be required? Do the existing staff members have these skills? If not, can they be trained in due course of time? Generally project will not be rejected simply because of operational infeasibility but such considerations are likely to critically affect the nature and scope of the eventual recommendations. This feasibility study is carried out by a small group of people who are familiar with information system techniques, who understand the parts of the business that are relevant to the project and are skilled in system analysis and design process.

Project Plan Planning and Scheduling is the detailed study of the various operations performed by a system and their relationships within and outside of the system. During Planning and Scheduling, data are collected on the available files, decision points, and transaction handled by the present system. The planning and decision making is the good criteria to the development of the project. 21 | P a g e

Requirements Design Coding Testing Maintenanc e

System analysis is simply uses several types of model and System Testing to their development that is why the project get completed. 5. Software Requirement Analysis

Introduction:-

PROBLEM DEFINITION Problem definition encompasses those tasks that go into determining the needs or conditions to meet for buying books. It can be a long and arduous process. Analysis includes several techniques to elicit the requirements from the customer. Historically, it included such things as holding interviews and creating requirements lists. More modern techniques include prototyping, and use cases. Where necessary, the analysis can be combination of these methods to establish the exact requirements of the stakeholders, so that a system that meets the business needs is produced. Requirement Specification Microsoft Windows XP/Vista Professional Operating System

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Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 Microsoft SQL Server 2005

General Description:Data from students seeking admission will be stored with the help of an integrated database application. The database would be linked to a frontend creating a user friendly interface for easy access and manipulation of data as well as report generation. The information flow would be as: Login page: Verifies user identity and grant the appropriate access to ensure data security. Admin view page: Displays the various operations that can be performed by the administrator on the database. This includes: Access to candidate’s database View complete list Generate list of eligible students Apply filter Generate list of selected students Export to Excel Fill registration form Access to counseling page Take printout Registration page: Allows details to be entered in the database through forms The resulting list of records can also be exported to an excel spreadsheet.

Specific Requirement Analysis:-

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Information gathering is usually the first phase of the software development project. The purpose of this phase is to identify and doucument the exact requirements for the system. The user’s request identifies the need for a new information system and on investigation re-defined the new information system and on investigation re-defined the new problem to be based on MIS, which supports management. The objective is to determine whether the request is valid anf feasible before a recommendation is made to build a new or existing manual system continues. The major steps are:- Defining the user requirements, Studying the present system to verify the problem, and defining the performance expected by the candidate to use requirements. Language (Front-End) : .NET FRAMEWORK 2008 Database (Back-End) : Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Operating System : Windows NT/2000/XP/VISTA

6. Design System Design Introduction: The objective of the system design is to deliver the requirements as specified in the feasibility report. System design involves first logical design (logical design) and then physical construction (detailed design) of the system. The logical design describes the structure and characteristics of features, such as the outputs, inputs, files, databases, and procedures. The physical construction produces actual program software, files, and a working system. System design goes through two phases of development: Logical Design Physical Design

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Logical Design:We know that a data flow diagram shows the logical flow of a system and defines the boundaries of the system. Logical design specifies the user need at a level of details that virtually determine the information flow into and out of the system and the required data resources. Logical design describes the inputs, outputs, database and procedures .All in a format that meets the user’s requirements.

Physical Design:It provides the working system by defining the design specification that tells programmers exactly what that candidate system must do. In short it can state that physical design is the implementation of the logical design. Physical system design consists of the followingDesign the physical system Specify input, output media Design the database and specify backup procedures. Design physical information flow through the system and a physical design walkthrough. Plan system implementation

Module Description:Online Counseling System with the fallowing modules: Counseling – Helps in Category wise counseling Institute record –covering Details regarding Institute Student record - covering Details regarding Students

Design Notations:-

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Data Process

Data Storage

Entity

Relationship

Flow Input/Output

Detailed Design There are some symbols that are used in the drawing of business process diagrams (data flow diagrams). These are now explained, together with the rules that apply to them. Flow diagrams in general are usually designed using simple symbols such as a rectangle, an oval or a circle depicting a processes, data stored or an external entity, and arrows are generally used to depict the data flow from one step to another. A DFD usually comprises of four components. These four components can be represented by four simple symbols. These symbols can be explained in detail as follows: External entities are represented by squares; Processes (input-processing-output) are represented by rectangles with rounded corners; Data Flows are represented by arrows; and finally, Data Stores are represented by open-ended rectangles. Data flow diagrams present the logical flow of information through a system in graphical or pictorial form. Data flow diagrams have only four symbols, which makes useful for communication between analysts and users. Data flow diagrams (DFDs) show the data used and provided by processes within a system. DFDs make use of four basic symbols. 26 | P a g e

Create structured analysis, information flow, process-oriented, data-oriented, and data process diagrams as well as data flowcharts.

External Entity An external entity is a source or destination of a data flow which is outside the area of study. Only those entities which originate or receive data are represented on a business process diagram. The symbol used is an oval containing a meaningful and unique identifier.

Data Process A process shows a transformation or manipulation of data flows within the system. The symbol used is a rectangular box which contains 3 descriptive elements: Firstly an identification number appears in the upper left hand corner. This is allocated arbitrarily at the top level and serves as a unique reference. Secondly, a location appears to the right of the identifier and describes where in the system the process takes place. This may, for example, be a department or a piece of hardware. Finally, a descriptive title is placed in the centre of the box. This should be a simple imperative sentence with a specific verb, for example 'maintain customer records' or 'find driver'.

Data Flow A data flow shows the flow of information from its source to its destination. A data flow is represented by a line, with arrowheads showing the direction of flow. Information always flows to or from a process and may be written, verbal or electronic. Each data flow may be referenced by the processes or data stores at its head and tail, or by a description of its contents.

Data Store A data store is a holding place for information within the system: It is represented by an open ended narrow rectangle. Data stores may be long-term files such as sales ledgers, or may be short-term accumulations: for example batches of documents that are

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waiting to be processed. Each data store should be given a reference followed by an arbitrary number.

External Entities It is normal for all the information represented within a system to have been obtained from, and/or to be passed onto, an external source or recipient. These external entities may be duplicated on a diagram, to avoid crossing data flow lines. Where they are duplicated a stripe is drawn across the left hand corner, like this. The addition of a lowercase letter to each entity on the diagram is a good way to uniquely identify them.

Processes When naming processes, avoid glossing over them, without really understanding their role. Indications that this has been done are the use of vague terms in the descriptive title area - like 'process' or 'update'. The most important thing to remember is that the description must be meaningful to whoever will be using the diagram.

Data Flows Double headed arrows can be used (to show two-way flows) on all but bottom level diagrams. Furthermore, in common with most of the other symbols used, a data flow at a particular level of a diagram may be decomposed to multiple data flows at lower levels.

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Entity Relational Diagram:-

Roll no.

catego ry

student

College

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Rank name

U_cod e

U_nam e

counseling

Affiliati on

U_ad d

C_code

C_name

C_adds

Flowcharts:Counseling System Flow Chart Counseling System Login Page

Main Page

Yes Add Student

View Seats

Generate Result

View Student Page

Import To 30 | P a g e

Registration Page

Add More

No

Print Seats still left

Yes

No Stop

Pseudo code For login page 1. If student is not add then registered. 2. Already registered then view seats. 3. Search the marks.

4. Give rating. 5. Join group. 6. Display on site

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7. Testing 7.1 FUNCTIONAL TESTING : - Functional testing is a type of black box testing that bases its test cases on the specifications of the software component under test. Functions are tested by feeding them input and examining the output, and internal structure program is rarely structured. Test case design focuses on a set technique for the cases that meet overall testing objectives. In test case design phase, the engineer creates a series of test cases that are, intended to “demolish” the software that has been built. Any software product can be tested in one of two ways: •

Knowing the specific function that a product has been designed to perform, test can be conducted that demonstrate each function is fully operational, at the same time searching for errors in each function. This approach is known as black box testing.

•

Knowing the internal working of a product, test can be conducted to ensure that internal operation performs according to specification and all internal components have been adequately exercised. This approach is know as white-box testing.

Black box testing is designed to uncover errors. They are used to demonstrate that software function are operations; that input is properly accepted and output is correctly produced; and that integrity of external information is maintained (e.g. data files.). A black box examines some fundamental aspects of a system with little regard for the internal logical structure of the software. 32 | P a g e

White box testing of software is predicated on close examination of procedural details. Providing test cases that exercise specific set of conditions and loops test logical paths through the software. The “state of the program” may be examined at various points to determine if the expected or asserted status corresponds to the actual status.

7.2 STRUCTURAL TESTING: - Structural system testing is designed to verify that the developed system and programs work. The objective is to ensure that the product designed is structurally sound and will function correctly. It attempts to determine that the technology has been used properly and that when all the component parts are assembled they function as a cohesive unit. The quality of a product or item can be achieved by ensuring that the product meets the requirements by planning and conducting the following tests at various stages •

Unit Tests at unit level, conducted by development team, to verify individual

standalone units. •

Integration Tests after two or more product units are integrated conducted by

development team to test the interface between the integrated units. •

Functional Test prior to the release to validation manager, designed and conducted by

the team independent of designers and coders, to ensure the functionality provided against the customer requirement specifications. •

Acceptance Tests prior to the release to validation manger, conducted by the

development team, if any supplied by the customer. •

Validation Tests prior to customer, conducted by the validation team to validate the

product against the customer requirement specifications and the user documentation. •

Regression Testing is the re-execution of some subsets of tests already been conducted

to ensure that changes are not propagated unintended side effects.

7.3 LEVEL OF TESTING: In order to uncover the errors present in different phases, we have the concept of levels of testing. The basic levels of testing are: 33 | P a g e

Client Needs

Acceptance Testing

Requirements

System Testing

Design

Integration Testing

Code

Unit Testing Fig. Level of Testing

Integration Testing In this process of testing it is incremented approach to construction of program structure. Modules are integrated moving downward beginning with main control module. Modules subordinate structure to main control module is incorporated into structure. This form of testing is performed of software in five steps: 1.

Main control module is used as test driver and stubs (modules) are

substituted for all components subordinate to main control. 2.

Depending on integration selected subordinate stubs are replaced one at a

time.

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3.

Tests are conducted as each component is integrated.

4.

On completing each set of tests another stub is replaced.

5.

It is also tested to ensure that new errors have not been introduced.

In well-factored program structure decision-making occurs at upper levels in hierarchy and therefore encountered first. If major control problem do exist, early recognition is essential. This is termed as top-down integration testing. Bottom-up integration testing begins construction and testing with atomic modules as the components are integrated from the bottom-up, processing required for components subordinate to a given level is always available and the need for stubs is eliminated. Low-level components are combined into clusters that perform a specific software function. •

A driver (a control program for testing) is written to coordinate test case input and output.

•

The cluster is tested.

•

Drivers are removed and clusters are combined moving upward in the program structure.

Each time a new module is added as part of integration testing, the software changes. New data flow paths are established, new I/O can occur, and new control logic is invoked. These changes cause problems with functions that previously worked flawlessly. In context of integration test strategy Successful tests result in discovery of errors and errors must be corrected. When software is corrected some aspect of software configuration is changed. Smoke testing It is an integration testing that is commonly used when “shrink wrapped” software products are being developed. It is designed as pacing mechanism for time critical projects, allowing us to assess the project on frequent basis. This consists of steps: •

Software components are translated into code are integrated into a “build”. A

build

includes all data files, libraries, reusable modules and engineered components. •

A series of tests is designed to expose errors that will keep the build from properly performing its function.

•

The build is integrated with other builds and the entire product is smoke tested daily.

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Validation Testing prior to customer, conducted by the validation team to validate the product against the customer requirement specifications and the user documentation.

7.4 TESTING THE PROJECT: The best testing is to test each subsystem separately as we have done in our project. It is best to test a system during the implementation stage in form of small sub steps rather then large chunks. We have tested each module separately i.e. have completed unit testing first and system testing was done after combining /linking all different Modules with different menus and thorough testing was done. Once each lowest level unit has been tested, units are combined with related units and retested in combination. These proceeds hierarchically bottom-up until the entire system is tested as a whole. Hence we have used the Top Up approach for testing our system.

Appropriate Validation Checks S .no

Test cases

Expected

Actual value

value 1

If incorrect username or

Error

password.

message

Displayed

must be displayed 2

If user log in

Logout must Displayed be displayed

5

changes in marks

The new

description

description must be saved into database

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Updated

6

If user log out

The home

Displayed

page must be displayed

8. IMPLEMENTATION 8.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT: - The result indicated a considerable time saving with the candidate system and comes out with fast and efficient development. Implementation is the process of having system personnel check out and put new software into use, trained user, installs the new application and constructs any strategies. Sometimes system developers may choose to pilot the operation in only area of the firm, say in one department or with only one or two persons. Sometimes they run old and new systems together to compare the result. The implementation phase is less creative than system design. Implementation means the process of converting a new or a revised system design into an operational one. It is primarily concerned with user training, site preparation, and file conversion. When the candidate system is linked to terminals or remote sites, the telecommunication network and tests of the network along with the system are also included under implementation. Implementation is the realization of an application, or execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, or policy. In computer science, an implementation is a realization of a technical specification or algorithm as a program, software component, or other computer system. Many implementations may exist for a given specification or standard. For example, web browsers contain implementations of World Wide Web Consortium-recommended specifications, and software development tools contain implementations of programming languages.

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In the IT Industry, implementation refers to post-sales process of guiding a client from purchase to use of the software or hardware that was purchased. This includes Requirements Analysis, Scope Analysis, Customizations, Systems Integrations, User Policies, User Training and Delivery. These steps are often overseen by a Project Manager using Project Management Methodologies set forth in the Project Management Body of Knowledge. Software Implementations involve several professionals that are relatively new to the knowledge based economy such as Business Analysts, Technical Analysts, Solutions Architect, and Project Managers. In political science, implementation refers to the carrying out of public policy. Legislatures pass laws that are then carried out by public servants working in bureaucratic agencies. This process consists

of

rule-making,

rule-administration

and

rule-adjudication.

Factors

impacting

implementation include the legislative intent, the administrative capacity of the implementing bureaucracy, interest group activity and opposition, and presidential or executive support. 8.2 POST IMPLEMENTATION AND SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE: - After the installation phase is completed and the user staff is adjusted to the changes created by the candidate system, evaluation and maintenance begin. Like any system, there is an aging process that requires periodic maintenance of hardware and software. If the new information is inconsistent with the design specifications, then changes have to be made. Hardware also requires periodic maintenance to keep in tune with design specifications. The importance of maintenance is to continue to bring the new system to standards. For the maintenance it has to be regularly checked whether all the devices are working properly. If any of the devices on network is not working then that has to be checked and amended in time.

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9.

PROJECT LEGACY

9.1 CURRENT STATUS OF THE PROJECT: - Till now, each modules, from index page to thanks page are working so fine, and the result of each pages are meeting to the requirements very well. The current status of the project is that the basics of discovering and starting the projects are functional.

9.2 REMAINING AREAS OF CONCERN: - No remaining areas were left anymore. All the modules have been accomplished with required controls.

9.3 TECHNICAL AND MANEGERIAL LESSONS LEARNT: - During the development of system, I have learnt so many assets about tools, system language and many more like: 1) I got to know how the classes(eg dataReader, dataset) fetches data and create table. 2)Moreover, files like Class file helps me to create numerous method.

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USER MANUAL

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