Final Expo Modelo Para Alumnos de La Universidad Del Callao

RESEARCH TOPICS: GRAMMAR

: PRESENT SIMPLE

SONG

: ELVIS PRESLEY – IN THE GHETTO

TRANSVERSAL TOPIC: ENERGY

COURSE

: English II

PROFESSOR

: Mg.Ed. Rosaura Camones Estela

STUDENTS

:-Oros Quispe Anggelo -Salcedo Huachallanqui Kenny

GROUP SCHEDULE

: 01 T

ACADEMIC SEMESTER: 2017-A



I dedicate this work to my Professor Rosaura Camones Estela, for being the person that gives me his knowledge every day, for his good teaching to everyone.



To all my family and my friends who are always encouraging me to continue and finish what I'm studying.

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INDEX:

FIRST PART: GRAMMAR TOPIC. CHAPTER I: SIMPLE PRESENT……………………………………….. 4 1.1 FORM…………………………………………………………………... 5 1.2 SPELLING OF FINAL –S AND ES………………………………….. 7 1.3 USES OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE……………………………... 8 1.4USING FREQUENCY ADVERBS: ALWAYS, USUALLY, ETC…....10

CHAPTER II: SONG………………………………………………………..11 2. LYRYCS…………………………………………………………………..12 2.1 LISTENING ACTIVITIES………………………………………………13 CHAPTER III: TRANSVERSAL TOPIC……………………………….….14 3. ENERGY………………………………………………………………….15

BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………….…….20

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GRAMMAR TOPIC PRESENT SIMPLE

1.1 FORM OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE 4

a) Affirmative Sentences

I YOU WE THEY HE SHE IT

study French.

write a letter.

ride a horse

studies French. writes a letter. rides a horse

Rule 1: After I, you, we, and they simple form of verb is used. Rule 2: After he, she it (3rd person singular) a final -(e)s is added to the simple form of the verb. •

My brothers do exercise every morning She speaks English every day.

• •

Sally and Tom have lunch at 12:00.

• My girlfriend writes a letter to me every week. a) Negative Sentences I YOU WE THEY HE SHE IT

don’t study French.

don’t write a letter.

doesn’t study French. doesn’t h write a letter.

don’t ride a horse.

doesn’t ride a horse.

In the negative form of simple present tense, after I, You, We They the helping verb DO NOT (DON’T) is used with the simple form of the verb. After He, She, It the helping verb DOES NOT (DOESN’T) is used with the simple form of the verb; -(e)s is never used. •

My mother doesn’t watch TV.

•

Mario don’t get up early on Sundays.

•

My sister doesn’t go to school this morning.

•

They don’t like ice cream.

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c) Question Sentences

I YOU WE THEY

DO

DOES

HE SHE IT .

study French?

write a letter?

ride a horse?

study French?

write a letter?

ride a horse?

In question sentences, the helping verbs DO and DOES are used in the beginning of the sentences. The simple forms of the verbs are used: -(e)s is never used.

•

Does Enrique live in Buenos Aires?

•

Do you do exercises every morning?

•

Does your father read newspapers?

•

Do you live in town or a city?

•

Does your girlfriend call you every day?

1.2 SPELLING OF FINAL –S AND - ES

EXAMPLES a) work- works

talk – talks

read – reads

RULES Final –s is added to most verbs.

suggest – suggests Many verbs end in –e. Final –s is simply added.

b) write- writes

believe – believes .

c) -sh....... wash – washes d) –ch...... catch – catches e) –ss.......discuss – discusses

The verbs ending in –sh, -ch, -ss, -x, -o get a final –es

f) –x ........fax – faxes g) –o ...... do – does

h) - consonant + y: cry – cries fly – flies

If the verb ends in a –y coming after another consonant letter,-y is omitted and –ies is added to the verb.

try – tries

I) – vowel + -y :

play - plays

If the verb ends in a –y coming after a vowel letter, -s is

stay – stays

simply added to the verb; -ies is not used.

pray – prays

1.3 USE OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

a) General Truths

The present simple tense is very often used to express general truths and factual statements. •

Water boils at 100° Celsius.

•

The sun sets in the West.

•

Few people live to be 100 years old.

•

The earth is round.

• Water freezes at 0 degrees. •

The earth goes around the sun.

•

Kangaroos live in Australia.

b) Habitual Activities and Likes & Dislikes

We use the present simple tense for habits and likes and dislikes. •

I get up at 9 o’clock in the morning.

•

The banks in Turkey open at 9:00 am. and close at 5:00 pm.

•

The bus 29 arrives at the station at 8 o’clock in the morning.

•

My friend hates fish.

•

She plays football but she doesn't play tennis.

•

For breakfast he eats rice and drinks cold milk.

•

She works very hard.

•

I like drink coffee with milk.

•

I don't like horror films!

C.)Verbs Of The Senses And Mental Processes

The present simple tense is used for many verbs of thinking, feeling and sensing. The most common words are:

Like

Love

Prefer

Know

Understand

Hate Need Want

Believe Remember

See

Smell

Hear

Taste

Look

•

I love lying in bed late on Sunday mornings.

•

I need to know the truth right now.

•

She says she doesn't know who did it, but I don't believe her.

•

He doesn't want to speak to you again.

•

This doesn't taste very good, does it?

•

Do you remember the first time we met?

•

Do you smell something funny?

•

Does he understand which way to go?

D.)To refer to the future

The present simple is often used to refer to future events

•

Hurry up! The train departs in 5 minutes.

•

I leave Frankfurt at 5 in the morning and arrive in New York at midnight the next day.

•

She has a piano lesson after school today.

•

There's no need to hurry. The train doesn't leave for another 10 minutes.

E.)For instructions and directions •

Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.

•

To start the machine, press the yellow button and turn the arrow to the right.

1.4 Using adverbs of frequency and adverbial phrases of time

a) Frequency adverbs always usually often John

gets up early on Sunday mornings

sometimes occasionally rarely never

Frequency adverbs are used to express how often an activity is performed.

•

I usually go out with my friends in the evening.

•

She often calls me at 10:00.

•

She rarely get up early on Sundays.

•

He never smoke in public places

b) Adverbial phrases of frequency Adverbial phrases of frequency can be used initially and finally in the sentence.

On Wednesdays Every Wednesday. Once a week Twice a month Every summer Etc.

children visit their aunt

LISTENING Elvis Presley “In The Ghetto”

Elvis Presl ey – In The Ghet to

feed

ghetto)

In the

Well the

ghetto

world turns

Then one

(In the

A hungry

night in

ghetto)

little boy

desperation

with a runny

A young

People,

nose plays

man breaks

As the snow

don't you

in the street

away

flies

understand

as the cold

He buys a

On a cold

The child

wind blows

gun, he

and gray

needs a

In the

steals a

Chicago

helping

ghetto

car,

mornin'

hand

(In the

He tries to

A poor little

Or he'll

ghetto)

run, but he

baby child

grow to be

is born

an angry

And his

And his

In the

young man

hunger

mama cries

ghetto

some day

burns

As a crowd

(In the

Take a look

So he starts

gathers

ghetto)

at you and

to roam the

'round an

me,

streets at

angry

And his

Are we too

night

young man

mama cries

blind to

And he

Face down

Cause if

see,

learns how

on the

there's one

Do we

to steal

street with a

thing that

simply turn

And he

gun in his

she don't

our heads

learns how

hand

need

And look

to fight

In the

It's another

the other

In the

ghetto

hungry

way

ghetto

(In the

(In the

ghetto)

mouth to

don't get far

As her young man dies, On a cold and gray Chicago mornin', Another little baby child is born In the ghetto (In the ghetto) And his mama cries

Listening activities:

Complete these sentences from the song with the verb in present simple.

1. As the snow _______ (fly) on a cold and gray Chicago morning.

2. And his mama ____(cry) cause if there's one thing that she ________(not need).

3. The child _________(need) a helping hand.

4. And he ________(learn) how to steal.

5. A young man ______(break) away. He ________(buy) a gun.

6. He _______(try) to run, but he ________ (not get) far and his mama _________(cry)

TRANSVERSAL TOPIC ENERGY

ENERGY What is Energy? Energy is the ability to make something do work or change. Everything in the world involves the exchange of energy. When we use energy we don’t create it or use it up, we convert one form of energy to make another. Energy does things for us. It moves cars along the road and boats on the water. It bakes a cake in the oven and keeps ice frozen in the freezer. It plays our favorite songs and lights our homes at night. Energy helps our bodies grow and our minds think. Energy is a changing, doing, moving, working thing. Energy is defined as the ability to produce change or do work, and that work can be divided into several main tasks we easily recognize:      

Energy produces light. Energy produces heat. Energy produces motion. Energy produces sound. Energy produces growth. Energy powers technology.

Forms of Energy There many forms of energy, but they all fall into two categories: potential or kinetic. POTENTIAL ENERGY Potential energy is stored energy and the energy of position, or gravitational potential energy. There are several forms of potential energy, including:  Chemical energy is energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. It is the energy that holds these particles together. Foods we eat, biomass, petroleum, natural gas, and propane are examples of stored chemical energy. During photosynthesis, sunlight gives plants the energy they need to build complex chemical compounds. When these compounds are later broken down, the stored chemical energy is released as heat, light, motion, and sound.  Elastic energy is energy stored in objects by the application of a force. Compressed springs and stretched rubber bands are examples of elastic energy.  Nuclear energy is energy stored in the nucleus of an atom—the energy that binds the nucleus together. The energy can be released when the nuclei are combined or split apart. Nuclear power plants split the nuclei of uranium atoms in a process called fission. The sun combines the nuclei of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms in a process called fusion. In both fission and fusion, mass is converted into energy, according to Einstein’s

Theory, 

Gravitational potential energy is the energy of position or place. A rock resting at the top of a hill contains gravitational potential energy because of its position. Hydropower, such as water in a reservoir behind a dam, is an example of gravitational potential energy.

KINETIC ENERGY

Kinetic energy is motion—the motion of waves, electrons, atoms, molecules, substances, and objects.  Electrical energy is the movement of electrons. Everything is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are made of even smaller particles called electrons, protons, and neutrons. Applying a force can make some of the electrons move. Electrons moving through a wire are called electricity. Lightning is another example of electrical energy.  Radiant energy is electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves. Radiant energy includes visible light, x-rays, gamma rays, and radio waves. Solar energy is an example of radiant energy.  Thermal energy, which is often described as heat, is the internal energy in substances —the vibration and movement of atoms and molecules within substances. The faster molecules and atoms vibrate and move within a substance, the more energy they possess and the hotter they become. Geothermal energy is an example of thermal energy.  Motion energy or mechanical energy is the movement of objects and substances from one place to another. According to Newton’s Laws of Motion, objects and substances move when an unbalanced force is applied. Wind is an example of motion energy.  Sound energy is the movement of energy through substances in longitudinal (compression/rarefaction) waves. Sound is produced when a force causes an object or substance to vibrate. The energy is transferred through the substance in a wave.

Sources of Energy People have always used energy to do work for them. Thousands of years ago, early humans burned wood to provide light, heat their living spaces, and cook their food. Later, people used the wind to move their boats from place to place. A hundred years ago, people began using falling water to make electricity. Today, people use more energy than ever from a variety of sources for a multitude of tasks and our lives are undoubtedly better for it. Our homes are comfortable and full of useful and entertaining electrical devices. We communicate instantaneously in many ways. We live longer, healthier lives. We travel the world, or at least see it on television and the internet. The ten major energy sources we use today are classified into two broad groups— nonrenewable and renewable.

Nonrenewable energy sources include coal, petroleum, natural gas, propane, and uranium. They are used to generate electricity, to heat our homes, to move our cars, and to manufacture products from candy bars to cell phones.

These energy sources are called nonrenewable because they cannot be replenished in a short period of time. Petroleum, a fossil fuel, for example, was formed hundreds of millions of years ago, before dinosaurs existed. It was formed from the remains of ancient sea life, so it cannot be made quickly. We could run out of economically recoverable nonrenewable resources some day. Coal, oil and natural gas are sources of energy known as fossil fuels. The stored chemical energy is initially derived from plant and animal remains and the sun. When these fuels are burnt at power stations they release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas and is contributing to global warming. Fossil fuels are a non-renewable energy source. They take millions of years to form, and are not able to be replaced quickly.

Uranium is used to generate electrical energy through a nuclear power plant. Radioactive ore is extracted from the ground as chemical energy then transformed to heat and electrical energy. It is a highly efficient energy source however the radioactive waste is hazardous to living things. The major problem with nuclear power is finding a suitable and safe method of disposing of the toxic waste.

Renewable energy sources include biomass, geothermal, hydropower, solar, and wind. They are called renewable energy sources because their supplies are replenished in a short time. Day after day, the sun shines, the wind blows, and the rivers flow. We use renewable energy sources mainly to make electricity Biomass

Biomass is biological material (plant or animal) that can be used to generate electricity as fuel for powering vehicles, machinery or to produce heat energy for cooking or electricity. Bio-fuels like ethanol are produced from the fermentation of crops such as canola or sugar. Bio-gas is produced when decaying materials at the rubbish dump break down. The release of the gas can be burnt to heat water, generate steam, spin a turbine and produce electricity.

Hydro When water stored in dams or lakes is released it passes through a pipe system and a turbine to generate electricity. Hydropower is an effective way to generate large amounts of clean electricity.

Solar The sun provides the earth with heat and light energy everyday. We can use this energy for heating water and generating electricity. Photo-voltaics (PV) or solar cells generate electricity directly from solar radiation. The photons in the sunlight excite the electrons in the solar cell. The electrical current is produced when the electrons from the negative side of the cell flows to the empty spaces on the positive side of the cell. The electrical energy can be used immediately or stored in batteries. There are many other ways the sun’s energy can be used to generate electricity ...solar thermal, a solar collector and solar ponds.

Wind Wind has been used for many centuries around the world to power machinery for pumping water, grinding grain and sailing ships. Wind is now used to generate electricity. When the blades turn a rotor in the generator the spinning action of the turbine generates electricity that can be stored in batteries or connected to an electricity grid. Australia’s first wind farm was established in 1998 near Esperance in Western Australia.

BIBLIOGRAPHY



Open Mind- Students Book-Mickey Rogers, Joanne Taylore, Steve Taylore level 1 Unit 3 present simple – page 30-33



https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/supportfiles/present_simple_form.pdf http://www.grammar.cl/Present/Simple.htm http://www.endesaeduca.com/Endesa_educa/recursos-interactivos/conceptosbasicos/i.-la-energia-y-los-recursos-energeticos http://www.cricyt.edu.ar/enciclopedia/terminos/Energ.htm http://www.curso-ingles.com/practicar/canciones/elvis-presley/in-the-ghetto

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