Filosofia Del Yoga

 

`kbnsn`kf cdb ynof 

Cfrsfmf ‒Nbvkcf tncn bn qud afs fprdmckcn, gnmvkërtdtd dm um mkön mudvfhdmtd, budon tdmcræs bf rdvdbfgk÷m cd bf sfekcurèf‘  Ufhf Irksamf \frfhfafmsf

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

 KMCKGD GNMGD\SNW ODMDUFBDW •  Kmtrncuggk÷m fb Akmcukshn......................................................7 •  Mftfrfjf...........................................................  Mftfrfjf...................................................................................; ........................; • • • •

Db Wkomkgfcn cdb FTH ........................................................6< Bfs Wdks Dsgudbfs cd \dmsfhkdmtn (Cfrsafmfs) ..... .......... ........... ........66 ..66 \nrquë \nr quë db [nof mn ds umf rdbk rdbkok÷m.........................................65 ok÷m.........................................65 Hugans rèns um snbn ngëfmn, Bf dstrugturf cdb ynof ...... ..........63 ....63

\FS \F SFMJFBK [NOF WTSUFW W TSUFW • • • • • •

Kmvngfgknm f \ftfmjfbk Kmvngfgknm \ftfmjfbk................................................ ...........................................................55 ...........55 \ftfmjfbk, \ftfmjfb k, Hktn n rdf rdfbcfc.......................................................57 bcfc.......................................................57 Kmtrncuggk÷m Kmtr ncuggk÷m f bns [nof Wutrfs..............................................5; Hktn cd g÷hn mfgk÷ \ftfmjfb \ftfmjfbk...............................................75 k...............................................75 Gnhn dstuckfr bns ynof sutrfs ...............................................73 \urusaf y \rfirktk, bf cfmzf dtdrmf cdb gnshns......................74

•\rkhdr Bfs gufbkcfc gufbkcfcds Gfpktubnds cd \rfirktk: Bns oumfs....................................70  • • • • • •

Vud ds [nof> (\[W 6.6 f 6.3) .................................................7?  [nof Gakttf Prkttk Mkrn Mkrncfa cfa (\[W K.5).....................................70  Gnhprdmcdr db skomkgfcn cdb ynof Db \dsn cdb Nrn........ Nrn............7?  ....7?  Db ynof cd bfs rdbfg rdbfgknmds knmds (\[W K.77).....................................71 \rdoumtfs pfrf db dstuckn cd bns [nof [nof Wutrfs - Gfpktubn K ..... .....34 34 Wkdtd Gbfvds pfrf bf prfgtkgf cd bns [nof Wutrfs ..... ........... ........... .......30  ..30 

Wdoumcn Gfpktubn • • • •

Wfcafmf \fcf. gfpètubn KK.....................................................3; Irkyf [nof .................................................. .............................................................................. ............................ Bns Ibdsafs (\[W KK.7)...........................................................37 \frf Kmstrukr cdb Wudbn afgkf frrkef (\[W KK.35) .................33

• • •

Bns [nof Wutrfs, bfs skdtd gbfvds pfrf bf prægtkgf... prægtkgf......... ........... ........31 ...31 Db Fsatfmof [nof (\ [ KK)......................................................44 Bns [fhfs y Mkyfhfs

•

Bfs Gkmgn gfpfs n Insafs cdb [nof......................................05

AKWSNUKF HNCDUMF CDB [NOF  Db Bdofcn cd Irksamfhfgafry Irksamfhfgafryf............................................00  f............................................00 

DSKGF \UN@DWKNMFB • •

G÷ckon cd Dtkgf pfrf \rn`dsnrds cd [nof..... nof.......... .......... ........... ........... ........??  ...??  Cknsds y hnmstrun hnmstruns........................................................ s................................................................16 ........16

5

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

Kmtrncuggk÷m fb

Akmcukshn  Db Akmcukshn ds bf rdbkok÷m hæs fmtkouf cdb humcn, y ds bf grddmgkf cd hæs cdb 1 [ fsuhkdmcn qud bf rdspudstf f bf prkhdr prdoumtf `ud fstrhftkvf, ds db tdxtn qud tdmdhns any db qud rdfbhdmtd dsgrkek÷>   \rnefebdhdmtd bf hfynr gnmtrnvdrskf gnmgkdrmd fb gufrtn gfpètubn cd bns [nof Wutrfs. Fboumns gnhdmtfrkstfs frouhdmtfm qud su dstkbn y gnmtdmkcn snm huy ck`drdmtds f bns prkhdrns trds. \nr djdhpbn, ds dxgdpgknmfbhdmtd gnrtn. Dstf erdvdcfc mn gnmtfrèf hugan, skmn `udrf pnr bf dstrugturf cdb frouhdmtn. Bns prkhdrns trds gfpètubns pfrdgdm cdsfrrnbbfr sus tdhfs cd hfmdrf pbfgdmtdrf y mn cnohætkgf. Db gufrtn, pnr db gnmtrfrkn, pfrdgd hugan hæs fpurfcn.

50

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf  

Cf bf sdmsfgk÷m cd ds`nrzfrsd sdrkfhdmtd dm bbdofr fb pumtn. Db Wutrf 60 ds db hæs gnmtrnvdrtkcn cd tncns dm bn qud pfrdgd afedr skcn dxtrfècn cdb sëptkhn gnhdmtfrkn cd Pyfsf. \nr um bfcn Pyfsf pfrdgd dstfr dxpnmkdmcn snerd \ftfmjfbk y gnmtfmcn frouhdmtns surokcns cdb Euckshn. Dm ntrn hnhdmtn pfrdgd dstfr ckgkdmcn qud umf sdmtdmgkf dm pfrtkgubfr mn ds cd mkmoumf hfmdrf fbon qud \ftfmjfbk ckjdrf. Ntrn cd bns pumtns ds qud, f ck`drdmgkf cd bns cns prkhdrns gfpètubns, tdrgdrn tdrhkmf dm ‒ktk‘. Ktk tkdmd dm db skomkstgfcn cd ‒tfb gnhn `ud db kmtdmtfcn‘. Ds bf `nrhf trfckgknmfb qud sd stmfbkzf um tdxtn sæmsgrktn, skomkstgfmcn qud aferèf cns ‒stmfbds‘ dm um hkshn bkern. Bns grètkgns cdgbfrfm qud ds huy gurknsn qud um bkern gnmtdmof cns ‒Ktk‘, n cns ‒stmfbds‘. ‒stm fbds‘. Fqudbbns qud prdstdrdm fstrhfr bf umkcfc cd bns guftrn [nof Wutrfs mn sd skdmtdm gnmvdmgkcns. Dbbns frouhdmtfm qud db gufrtn gfpètubn ds `èskgf y hdtf`èskgfhdmtd gnadrdmtd gnm bns ntrns trds, y qud bns guftrn dm gnmjumtn fbgfmzfm um rdhfrgfebd orfcn cd anhnodmdkcfc y gnmskstdmgkf tdhætkgf. Sncn db gufrtn gfpètubn cdsgrked db hkshn tdhf, pdrn cdscd db pumtn cd vkstf cd fboukdm qud af tdmkcn ëxktn, hæs qud cdb qud dstæ fúm eusgfmcn. Bns dsgëptkgns cdgbfrfm qud gufbqukdrf qud cdsdfrf cdjfr pfsfr umf kmtdrpnbfgk÷m tfm nevkfhdmtd tfrcèf gnhn pfrtd cdb trfefjn nrkokmfb sd aferèf dmgnmtrfcn dxfgtfhdmtd gnm dstf gbfsd cd prnebdhf. Gbfrfhdmtd, ds khpnrtfmtd dstfebdgdr sk bns trds prkhdrns gfpètubns, qud fhefs pfrtds usfm gnhn su vfrf cd hdckcf, snm kmcksputfebds gnhn nrkokmfbds cd \ftfmjfbk, y dstfebdgdr dstn fúm rdsubtf ck`ègkb pnrqud tfhekëm af skcn gudstknmfcn db hæs `fhnsn db djdhpbn). dstfcn cd Dsd fboumns sutrfsutrfs tfhekëm, (skdmcn sdoúm db sutrf bns grètkgns, 55 cdb pfrdgd Gfp KKK sdr umf kmtdrpnbfgk÷m kmtdrpnbfgk÷m tfrcèf qud cksturef bn qud cd ntrf hfmdrf hfmdrf tdmcrèf um ſtujn sufvd. Bf rdspudstf nevkf ds dmtnmgds `nrhubfcf: dstd cdeftd cd futdmgkcfc mn ds fbon qud pudcf rdfbhdmtd rdsnbvdrsd.   Dm gufmtn f bf gnmtrkeugk÷m prdgksf qud akzn \ftfmjfbk, tfhekëm ds fbon ck`ègkb cd dstfebdgdr. [nof, n umf cksgkpbkmf huy skhkbfr gnmngkcf tfhekëm gnhn [nof, ds fbon qud cdstmktkvfhdmtd dxkstèf fmtds qud ëb. Db hæs fmtkoun cd bns Tpfmksafcs cfm kmdquèvngfs rd`drdmgkfs f, pnr djdhpbn, db \rfmfyfhf, bf gkdmgkf cd bf rdspkrfgk÷m. Db Iftaf Tpfmksafc, dmtrd ntrf hdckf cngdmf cd bf hkshf gnsdgaf, kmckgf qud dm dsns tkdhpns yf sd cks`rutfef cd ck`drdmtds skstdhfs cd ynof. Dstf ck`drdmgkfgk÷m hfmtkdmd bfrof fmgdstrèf. Bns Tpfmksafcs hæs dspdgèstgfhdmtd y÷oukgns, gnhn db Afhsf, db [noftfttvf, db [nofiumcfbk dmtrd ntrf hdckf cngdmf, tfhekëm cfm kmstruggknmds ‗fchktkcfhdmtd nsgurfs- pfrf fsfmfs y ntrfs cksgkpbkmfs y÷oukgfs. Fumqud db ynof sd trftf dm ubtkhf kmstfmgkf cd umf cksgkpbkmf prægtkgf, tfhekëm ds umf y umf hdtf`èskgf. Cd bns Tpfmksafcs, prnefebdhdmtd s÷bn db stbnsn`èf Hfktrfyfmf tkdmd umf kmgbkmfgk÷m ck`drdmtd afgkf bf stbnsn`èf Wfmiayf ‗ fbon qud ds dsdmgkfb pfrf bf gnhpbdtf dhdrodmgkf cdb ynof gnhn um skstdhf cd pdmsfhkdmtn. Db [nof ds gnhpbdhdmtfrkn fb Wfmiayf. Wu nejdtn ds db cd rdfbzfr fb Dspèrktu f pfrtkr cdb humcn cd bn mfturfb gnhn sd cksgutd dm Wfmiayf. \frf bns tkdhpns cdb Hfafeafrftf, db orfm rdbftn ëpkgn qud ds d`dgtkvfhdmtd bf akstnrkf tdhprfmf cd Kmckf, Wfmiayf y [nof snm tnhfcns gnhn prd-dxkstdmtds y yf fmtkouns skstdhfs cd pdmsfhkdmtn. Ds pnr bn tfmtn fprnpkfcn qud tdmofm `umcfcnrds. Ifpkbf sd gnmvkrtk÷ dm bf `udmtd cdb Wfmiayf, hkdmtrfs qud Akrfmyfofreaf tkdmd um rnb skhkbfr pfrf db [nof. Wdoúm db Fakreucamyf, Akrfmyfofreaf rdvdb÷ bf tntfbkcfc cdb [nof dm db Mkrncaf Wfhaktf y dm Ifrhf Wfhaktf. [, dstæ sdourfhdmtd hæs fbbæ cd gufbqukdr gnkmgkcdmgkf qud db sdoumcn sutrf cd bns [nof Wutrfs cdstmf fb [nof dm tërhkmns cd Mkrncaf. Mn s÷bn dsn, skmn qud db Mkrncaf Wfhaktf ds f hdmucn bbfhfcn db [nofmusafsfmfh, bfs hkshfs pfbferfs gnm qud \ftfmjfbk gnhkdmzf gnhkdmzf db [nof

5?

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

  Gnm rdspdgtn f bf gudstk÷m cd bf nrkokmfbkcfc, fumqud \ftfmjfbk (fb hdmns sdoúm bn dvkcdmgkf dm bns [nof Wutrfs) ds gbfrfhdmtd cdb bkmfjd cd Akrfmyfofreaf y Ifpkbf, sd ck`drdmgkf cd dbbns dm fspdgtns khpnrtfmtds. \nskebdhdmtd sd cded f qud ëb tdmèf kcdfs prnpkfs, odmukmfs. \drn db ynof dstfef `udrtdhdmtd fsngkfcn f bf trfckgk÷m Warfhfmf, skdmcn ëstns fbdmtfef hdmckonsbfy kmcdpdmcdmgkf eusgfcnrds qud cd vfofefm pnr db ensqud. Dstn, pnr bn tfmtn, pdmsfhkdmtn. Ds fsè qud \ftfmjfbk ekdm pucn afedr kmtdmtfcn trfdr nrcdm f um skstdhf qud tfmtn hëtncn ckvdrodmtd pnsdèf. Fboumns kmskstdm dm qud ‒tncn‘ bn qud akzn `ud gnhpkbfr y dmuhdrfr um gudrpn vfrkfcn cd tdxtns, bf hfynrèf cd bns gufbds any yf sd aferèfm pdrckcn. Gufbqukdrf qud afyf skcn su kmspkrfgk÷m, \ftfmjfbk pfrdgd afedr prnpudstn hugafs kcdfs qud mn pdrtdmdgèfm f bf gnrrkdmtds prkmgkpfb mk cdb Wfmiayf mk cdb [nof. Udgnmngd fb don, pnr djdhpbn, pdrn mn bn fgdptf gnhn um prkmgkpkn sdpfrfcn. Udgnmngd fb gudrpn sutkb pdrn mn bn gnmskcdrf pdrhfmdmtd. Sfhekëm mkdof qud pudcf npdrfr ckrdgtfhdmtd snerd gnsfs dxtdrmfs. Dstfs kcdfs sd fbdjfm hugan cd bf gnrrkdmtd prkmgkpfb qud npdrfef dm fqudbbns tkdhpns tfmtn dm Wfmiayf gnhn dm [nof. Gnhn tncfs bfs gudstknmds gnmgdrmkdmtds f \ftfmjfbk, bf prdoumtf cd quë ds nrkokmfb dm ëb ds prægtkgfhdmtd khpnskebd cd cdtdrhkmfr. Bns [nof Wutrfs ekdm pudcdm afedr skcn sus pdmsfhkdmtns nrkokmfbds fgdrgf cdb Wfmiayf y cdb [nof. \nr ntrn bfcn, tfhekëm pudlcd sdr qud afyf rdkmtdrprdtfcn y gbfrkstgfcn cd bfs gnmtrfckggknmds. bn qud ntrnsBn afeèfm hèmkhn ckgan, qud bkedræmcnbns pudcd sdr ckgan fb hkshn fb rdspdgtn tkdhpn ds qud trfjn hugafs pkstfs, fboumfs qud rdhktdm f bns Pdcfs y Tpfmksafcs  jumtns, y qud bn akzn cd umf hfmdrf hfmdrf qud bf pskgnbnoèf pskgnbnoèf hncdrmf pncrèf gnmskcdrfr hfjdstunsf. Fqudbbn qud prdvkfhdmtd afeèf skcn bfrof y nsgurfhdmtd gnhdmtfcn, ëb bn dmgfpsub÷ dm bfs pdpktfs(cd nrn) cd sus sutrfs, y bn qud prdvkfhdmtd afeèf skcn festrfgtn ëb bn akzn prægtkgn y `ægkb cd vfbkcfr f trfvës cd bfs vkcfs y dxpdrkdmgkfs cd umf bfrof bèmdf cd hfdstrns y prfgtkgfmtds. Hkdmtrfs qud bns [nof Wutrfs kmkgkfbhdmtd pfrdgdm um tdxtn sdgn y tdnrëtkgn, dxpbkgfm bf mfturfbdzf y pskgnbnoèf auhfmfs, skdmcn f bf vdz um hfmufb kmtdmsfhdmtd prægtkgn pfrf db fvfmgd dspkrktufb.

Dm úbtkhf kmstfmgkf, bfs kmgdrtkcuherds akst÷rkgfs rdspdgtn f \ftfmjfbk snm cd pngn kmtdrës pfrf fqudbbns qud cdsdfm bnorfr gkdrtn orfcn cd ëxktn dmdsgrkek÷: bfs gnsfsofmfr snerd bfs qud pfz kmtdrknr y netdmdr bf rdfbkzfgk÷m dspkrktufb.

  Dm úbtkhf kmstfmgkf, bfs kmgdrtkcuherds akst÷rkgfs rdspdgtn f \ftfmjfbk snm cd pngn kmtdrës pfrf fqudbbns qud cdsdfm bnorfr gkdrtn orfcn cd ëxktn dm bfs gnsfs snerd bfs qud dsgrkek÷: ofmfr pfz kmtdrknr y netdmdr bf rdfbkzfgk÷m dspkrktufb. Cd dstf `nrhf pncdhns cdgkr qud su futnrèf y oëmdsks pudcdm pnmdrsd f cksgusk÷m, pdrn bns [nof Wutrfs snm um tncn gnadrdmtd y futn sustdmtfcn qud cf snpnrtd fb eusgfcnr tfmtn f mkvdb td÷rkgn gnhn prægtkgn. \frtd cd bf rfz÷m cd su bnmodvkcfc y bf fbtf gnmskcdrfgk÷m qud sd bds tkdmd, ds qud \ftfmjfbk fpnrt÷ umf rdobf gfpfz cd snstdmdr bns fhpbkfhdmtd ckstkmtns hncns cd gnhprdmsk÷m y gnmngkhkdmtn pnr bns qud umf snbf pdrsnmf ftrfvkdsf f bn bfron cd tncf umf vkcf y qud bn afm adgan pdrcurfr dm hugafs gubturfs y dm bf gnmsgkdmgkf auhfmf f bf qud \ftfmjfbk afeb÷ tfm dbngudmtdhdmtd f trfvës cd bns tkdhpns.

Ud`drdmgkfs

Dstd frtègubn ds dm orfm hdckcf umf trfckggk÷m cdb frtègubn - \ftfmjfbk. Hyta nt Udfbkty, f Eknorfpay ey Inst Euskf. - Sad Fod n` \ftfmjfbk ey \fmckt M Eafsgayfgafryf. Sadnsnstgfb \uebksakmo Anusd. \æokmfs dm kmtdrmdt rdgnhdmcfcfs: attp://www.swfhkj.gnh/ynof-sutrfs.ath. Dxtrfnrckmfrkf, supdr gnhpbdtf.

51

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

Kmtrncuggk÷m f bns ynof sutrfs   Bns [nofsutrfs snm snm um gnmjumtn cd 6;0 sutrfs (f`nrkshns (f`nrkshns n sbnifs) cnmcd sd dxpnmd bf prægtkgf cdb Ufjf [nof, fqudb fspdgtn cdb ynof qudbfsdhdmtd. cd ngupf cd bf rdfbkzfgk÷m cd Ckns f trfvës cdb gfhkmn cdb gnmtrnb   Bns [nof Wutrfs gnhn su tètubn bn kmckgf db hdckn utkbkzfcn pfrf trfmshktkr db gnmngkhkdmtn snm bns Wutrfs, gnmgdptn qud pudcd trfcugkrsd gnhn um ‒akbn‘, dm dstd gfsn rdstrkëmcnsd f um akbn cd kcdfs, gnhn um gnbbfr n hfbf, qud db akbn ds db qud qud qu d snstkdmd gfcf umf cd bfs pkdzfs pfrf gnm`nrhfr um tncn. Db Wutrf, tfhekëm gnmngkcn dm dspfönb gnhn f`nrkshn, ds umf `nrhf bktdrfrkf fmtkouf qud cd umf hfmdrf hfodstunsf gnmtkdmd umf kcdf trfmshktkcf f trfvës cd cns gufbkcfcds khpnrtfmtds, bf prn`umckcfc y bf erdvdcfc. Bns trfefjns fmtkouns dm sæmirktn trfcugdm bktdrfbhdmtd bf pfbferf sutrf gnhn um hëtncn qud gnhprdmcd bns skoukdmtds rdquksktns: erdvdcfc, gbfrkcfc, gdrtdzf, y gnm um skomkstgfcn gnhprdmskvn. Dstf `nrhf bktdrfrkf dvnbugknm÷ pfrf gnmsdrvfr db gnmngkhkdmtn gnm fesnbutf prdskgk÷m trfmshktkëmcnbn cd umf `nrhf nrfb f trfvës cd bns föns, trfckgk÷m qud af skcn bf rdspnmsfebd cd prdsdrvfr db gnmngkhkdmtn dm Kmckf f trfvës cd hkbds cd föns cd umf hfmdrf dxtrfnrckmfrkfhdmtd prdskzf. Dxkstdm cns pnskgknmds stbns÷stgfs f pfrtkr cd bfs gufbds pfrtd bf gnhprdmsk÷m cd bns [nof Wutrfs, ëstfs cdedm cd sdr gnhprdmckcfs. Bf prkhdrf ds qud db humcn `èskgn y sus dxpdrkdmgkfs snm umf rdfbkcfc (fumqud f vdgds sdf rdbftkvf) qud kmdvktfebdhdmtd f`dgtfræm mudstrfs fggknmds y cdskgknmds, dstf pnskgk÷m sd bbfhf Wftvfcf9 y bf sdoumcf pnskgknm ds qud tfmtn db humcn `èskgn gnhn sus dxpdrkdmgkfs dstæm sujdtfs f um gfhekn gnmstfmtd d kmdvktfebd, umf pnskgk÷m bbfhfcf \frkmfhfvfcf. Cdscd dstd úbtkhn pumtn bns [nof Wutrfs pbfmtdfm bf kmtdmgk÷m cd ckrkokr bf hdmtd dm ckrdggk÷m cd bns gfhekns pnsktkvns, y pbfmtdf umf hdtncnbnoèf pfrf pncdr bnorfrbn. Bns hëtncns prnpnmdm um rëokhdm rdoubfr pfrf bf sfbuc `èskgf, y gkdrtfs prægtkgfs qud erkmcfm f bf hdmtd um dstfcn cd qukdtuc dm hdckn cd umf hubtktuc cd dstèhubns cd bns sdmtkcns, rdspnmckdmcn skdhprd f bns dstèhubns cdb humcn dxtdrknr. Cd hfmdrf nevkf gufbqukdr dscudrzn dm dstf ckrdggk÷m, fb bnorfr fhfdstrfr db dstfcn cd mudstrf pdrgdpgk÷m - ftdmgk÷m, ds dsdmgkfb pfrf bnorfr um dstfcn hdmtfb y `èskgn `èskgn qud mns bbdvf dm bf ckrdggk÷m cd

 F pdsfr cd qud bns [nof [nof Wutrfs kmkgkfbhdmtd  pfrdgdm um tdxtn sdgn y td÷rkgn, vkstns f hfynr  prn`umckcfc, dxpbkgfm dxpbkgfm bf mfturfbdzf y pskgnbnoèf auhfmf cd `nrhf fchkrfebd, skdmcn f bf vdz um hfmufb kmtdmsfhdmtd  prægtkgn pfrf db gfhkmn dspkrktufb.

Bf pfbferf sutrf sd rd`drd f um akbn gnmcugtnr cd kcdfs, g÷hn db akbn qud snstkdmd bns fvfbnrkns cd um gnbbfr.

bns nejdtkvns qud mns afyfhns prnpudstn. Dm bns [nof Wutrf bf hdmtd hdmtd ngupf umf pnskgk÷m pnskgk÷m gdmtrfb dmtrd db gudrpn auhfmn y bfs `fgubtfcds supdrknrds. Sncfs bfs `fgdtfs dm bfs gufbds bf hdmtd snstkdmd db efbfmgd dmtrd bns fspdgtns `èskgns y hnrfbds snm trftfcns dm bns [nof Wutrfs dm umf `nrhf dm bf gufb gufbqukdr pskg÷bnon hncdrmn dstfrèf fchkrfcn. Bf prægtkgf cdb ynof utkbkzfmcn bf buz cd bfs dmsdöfmzfs cd bns [nof Wutrfs ds cd orfm edmdstgkn pfrf db dstuckfmtd. Cd koufb `nrhf db dstuckn cd dstns sutrfs ds um eudm pumtn cd pfrtkcf pfrf db dstuckn cd bns Cfrsafmfs cd Kmckf (dsgudbfs cd pdmsfhkdmtn stbns÷stgn). Cd dstf `nrhf bns [nof Wutrfs snm gnmskcdrfcns db trftfcn hæs gnhpbdtn y gbæskgn snerd bf tdnrèf y prægtkgf cdb ynof. Dstns dstæm ckvkckcns dm bns skoukdmtds guftrn gfpètubns:

5;

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf   Bns [nofsutrfs snm um gnmjumtn cd 6;0 sutrfs (f`nrkshns n sbnifs) cnmcd sd dxpnmd bf prægtkgf cdb Ufjf [nof, fqudb fspdgtn cdb ynof qud sd ngupf cd bf rdfbkzfgk÷m cd Ckns f trfvës cdb gfhkmn cdb gnmtrnb cd bf hdmtd.  

Bns [nof Wutrfs gnhn su tètubn bn kmckgf db hdckn utkbkzfcn

pfrf trfmshktkr trfcugkrsd gnhndbumgnmngkhkdmtn ‒akbn‘, dm dstdsnm gfsnbnsrdstrkëmcnsd Wutrfs, gnmgdptn f um akbn qud cd pudcd kcdfs, gnhn um gnbbfr n hfbf, qud db akbn ds db qud qud snstkdmd gfcf umf cd bfs pkdzfs pfrf gnm`nrhfr um tncn. Db Wutrf, tfhekëm gnmngkcn dm dspfönb gnhn f`nrkshn, ds umf `nrhf bktdrfrkf fmtkouf qud cd umf hfmdrf hfodstunsf gnmtkdmd umf kcdf trfmshktkcf f trfvës cd cns gufbkcfcds khpnrtfmtds, bf prn`umckcfc y bf erdvdcfc. Bns trfefjns fmtkouns dm sæmirktn trfcugdm bktdrfbhdmtd bf pfbferf sutrf gnhn um hëtncn qud gnhprdmcd bns skoukdmtds rdquksktns: erdvdcfc, gbfrkcfc, gdrtdzf, y gnm um skomkstgfcn gnhprdmskvn. Dstf `nrhf bktdrfrkf dvnbugknm÷ pfrf gnmsdrvfr db gnmngkhkdmtn gnm fesnbutf prdskgk÷m trfmshktkëmcnbn cd umf `nrhf nrfb f trfvës cd bns föns, trfckgk÷m qud af skcn bf rdspnmsfebd cd prdsdrvfr db gnmngkhkdmtn dm Kmckf f trfvës cd hkbds cd föns cd umf hfmdrf dxtrfnrckmfrkfhdmtd prdskzf. Dxkstdm cns pnskgknmds stbns÷stgfs f pfrtkr cd bfs gufbds pfrtd bf gnhprdmsk÷m cd bns [nof Wutrfs, ëstfs cdedm cd sdr gnhprdmckcfs. Bf prkhdrf ds qud db humcn `èskgn y sus dxpdrkdmgkfs snm umf rdfbkcfc (fumqud sdf rdbftkvf) qud kmdvktfebdhdmtd f`dgtfræm mudstrfs fggknmds fyvdgds cdskgknmds, dstf pnskgk÷m sd bbfhf Wftvfcf9 y bf sdoumcf pnskgknm ds qud tfmtn db humcn `èskgn gnhn sus dxpdrkdmgkfs dstæm su jdtfs f um gfhekn gnmstfmtd d kmdvktfebd, umf pnskgk÷m bbfhfcf \frkmf\frkmfhfvfcf. Cdscd dstd úbtkhn pumtn bns [nof Wutrfs pbfmtdfm bf kmtdmgk÷m cd ckrkokr bf hdmtd dm ckrdggk÷m cd bns gfhekns pnsktkvns, y pbfmtdf umf hdtncnbnoèf pfrf pncdr bnorfrbn. Bns hëtncns prnpnmdm um rëokhdm rdoubfr pfrf bf sfbuc `èskgf, y gkdrtfs prægtkgfs qud erkmcfm f bf hdmtd um dstfcn cd qukdtuc dm hdckn cd umf hubtktuc cd dstèhubns cd bns sdmtkcns, rdspnmckdmcn skdhprd f bns dstèhubns cdb humcn dxtdrknr. Cd hfmdrf nevkf gufbqukdr dscudrzn dm dstf ckrdggk÷m, fb bnorfr fhfdstrfr db dstfcn cd mudstrf pdrgdpgk÷m - ftdmgk÷m, ds dsdmgkfb pfrf bnorfr um dstfcn hdmtfb y `èskgn qud mns bbdvf dm bf ckrdggk÷m cd bns nejdtkvns qud mns afyfhns prnpudstn.

Dm db tntfb cd bns hfjdstunsns ynof sutrfs dsgrktns pnr \ftfmjfbk, snbfhdmtd sd hdmgknmfm hèmkhns fspdgtns snerd æsfmf.

Gnm dstn gnmgbuèhns qud cd fgudrcn f \ftfmjfbk bn hæs khpnrtfmtd mn ds quë sd afgd, sk mn bf hfmdrf -db g÷hn- sd afgd, bn qud cdtdrhkmf umf cksgkpbkmf sdf n mnqud gnmskcdrfcf gnhn ynof.

Dm bns [nof Wutrf bf hdmtd ngupf umf pnskgk÷m gdmtrfb gdmtrfb dmtrd db gudrpn auhfmn y bfs `fgubtfcds supdrknrds. Sncfs bfs `fgdtfs dm bfs gufbdssnm rfbds bf trftfcns hdmtd snstkdmd dm bns [nof db efbfmgd Wutrfs dmdmtrd umf bns `nrhf fspdgtns dm bf gufb `èskgns gufbqukdr y hnpskg÷bnon hncdrmn dstfrèf fchkrfcn. Bf prægtkgf cdb ynof utkbkzfmcn bf buz cd bfs dmsdöfmzfs cd bns [nof Wutrfs ds cd orfm edmdstgkn pfrf db dstuckfmtd. Cd koufb `nrhf db dstuckn cd dstns sutrfs ds um eudm pumtn cd pfrtkcf pfrf db dstuckn cd bns Cfrsafmfs cd Kmckf (dsgudbfs cd pdmsfhkdmtn stbns÷stgn). Cd dstf `nrhf bns [nof Wutrfs snm gnmskcdrfcns db trftfcn hæs gnhpbdtn y gbæskgn snerd bf tdnrèf y prægtkgf cdb ynof. Dstns dstæm ckvkckcns dm bns skoukdmtds guftrn gfpètubns:

7<

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

Sdhfs prkmgkpfbds trftfcns dm gfcf umn cd bns guftrn gfpètubns.

- GF\KTBN K: WFHFCAK\FC WFHFCAK\FCFA FA - Gnmgdmt Gnmgdmtrfgk÷m rfgk÷m

46 Wbnifs

Gnhn su mnherd bn kmckgf dstd gfpètubn trftf snerd bf gnmgdmtrfgk÷m. Dm ëb sd cdsgrked bn qud ds db ynof, sd cdstmd db ynof cdscd db pumtn cd vkstf cd bf hdmtd, sd cdsgrked db `umgknmfhkdmtn odmdrfb cd bf hdmtd, bns nestægubns y snbugknmds pfrf db dstfcn hdmtfb, gnhn supdrfr bf komnrfmgkf cd bf hdmtd. - GF\KSTBN 5: WFCAFMF \FC \FCFA FA - Bf \rægtkgf

44 Wbnifs

Bf pfbferf sfcafmf sd rdstdrd f bf prægtkgf cdb ynof. Dm ëstd sd cksgutdm bfs adrrfhkdmtfs dspdgèstgfs pfrf cdsfrrnbbfr bf ftdmgk÷m cd `nrhf skstdhætkgf pfrf ckskpfr bfs gfpfs hdmtfbds qud ebnqudfm bf buz cdb sdr kmtdrmn. Dstfs kmgbuydm bfs 4 prkhdrfs dsgfbnmds cdb fsatfmof ynof: yfhf, mkyfhf, æsfmf, prfmfyfhf, y prftyfafrf, bns gufbds gnmstktutdm bns `umcfhdmtns, n rdquksktns pfrf bf hdcktfgk÷m. GF\KSTBN 7

PKEATSK\FCFA - \rnordsfmcn

44 Wbnifs

Dxpbkgf bns trds úbtkhns pdbcföns cdb Ufyf [nof: cafrfmf(gnmgdmtrfgk÷m), cayfmf(hdcktfgk÷m) y sfhfcak. Dstns trds mkvdbds cd hdcktfgk÷m, gufmcn sd prfgtkgfm skhubtæmdfhdmtd, sd cdmnhkmfm sfhkfhf, bn gufb tfhekëm sd dxpbkgf gnm cdtfbbd. Wd cdsgrked g÷hn utkbkzfr db sfhkfhf gnhn umf sutkb adrrfhkdmtf pfrf ckskpfr bns vdbns cd bf komnrfmgkf. \ftfmyfbk cdsgrked fskhkshn hugans cd bns skccaks, n pncdrds, qud q ud sd fbgfmzfm pnr hdckn cd bf prægtkgf prnbnmofcf d kmtdmsf cd bf hdcktfgk÷m. GF\KSTBN 3 IFP IFPFB[ FB[F\FC F\FCFA FA - Bkedrfgk÷m @kmfb

74 Wbnifs

Srftf snerd bf bkedrfgk÷m n kbuhkmfgk÷m, qud gnmskstd dm bf tnhf cd gnmgkdmgkf cd bf umkcfc umkcfc cdb fthfm ( n dspèrktu dspèrktu kmckvkcufb) gnm db Fesnbutn (Ckns). Dstd gfpètubn cdsgrked g÷hn dstæ gnmstruècf bf hdmtd y cd quë `nrhf dstf nestruyd bf buz cdb sdr kmtdrmn. Dxpbkgf g÷hn db ynok bfs ck`drdmtds rfhfs cd bf kbuhkmfgk÷m, y g÷hn bns ebnqudns cd bfhfmdjf hdmtd gdcdm pdrhktkdmcn bf bkedrfgk÷m. Sad Bdodmc n` Wfod \ftfmjfbk  

76

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf BF BD[DMCF CD GNHN MFGKN \FSFMJFBK Wdoúm Kydmofr Ckgd bf bdydmcf db gnm`nrhfcf db Ckns Pksamu umf vdz sdmtfcn snerd cd su dxtrfvfofmtd gfhf pnrdstfef bf sdrpkdmtd Fcksdsf (Db sdönr bfs Wdrpkdmtds) nesdrvfmcn bf dxtfskfmtd cfmzf cdb Wdönr Wakvf, dstf cfmzf ds gnmngkcf gnhn bf Sfmcfvf, Cfmzf Sfmcfvf, y dstf hfmk`dstfgk÷m cdb sdönr Wakvf g÷hn db Ckns cd bf cfmzf bd bbfhfm Mftfrfjf (cd bf rfèz sæmsirktf sæmsirktf mrtyf qud skomkstgf cfmzf). cfmzf). Db Wdönr Pksamu gfy÷ dm tfb dstfcn cd dxgktfgk÷m y fesnrgk÷m fb gnmtdhpbfr bf cfmzf qud su gudrpn gnhdmz÷ f vkerfr y tdhebfr dm ëxtfsks fb rkthn cdb Wdönr Wakvf. Bf vkerfgk÷m bn akzn hugan hæs pdsfcn, gfusfmcn hugaf kmgnhnckcfc fb Wdönr Fcksdsf qud dstfef f pumtn cd gnbfpsfr, kmgbusn gnm ckstgubtfcds pfrf rdspkrfr. Sfm prnmtn gnhn bf cfmzf tdrhkm÷ db gudrpn cdb Wdönr Pksamu sd vnbvk÷ bkvkfmn mudvfhdmtd.   Db Wdönr Fcksdsf dstfef snrprdmckcn pnr dstns gfhekns rdpdmtkmns y bd prdoumt÷ f su hfdstrn pnr bf gfusf cd dstns. Db Wdönr dxpbkg÷ qud bf orfgkf, bf edbbdzf, bf hfjdstunskcfc y orfmcdzf cdb Wdönr Wakvf afeèfm grdfcn umf vkerfgk÷m koufb cd dxtfmskfmtd dm su prnpkn gudrpn. Wnrprdmckcn pnr dstn, f Fcksdsf bd mfgk÷ um cdsdn cd fprdmcdr f efkbfr pfrf kmspkrfr f su Wdönr.   Db Wdönr Pksamu prdckjn qud db Wdönr Wakvf kef f edmcdgkr f Fcksdsf gnm bf npnrtumkcfc cd dsgrkekr um gnhdmtfrkn dm orfhætkgf y qud dm dsd tkdhpn tfhekëm tfhekëm pncrèf sdr gfpfz cd cdckgfrsd f bf pdr`dggk÷m dm db frtd cd bf cfmzf (mrtyf). Db Wdönr Fcksdsf sd bbdm÷ cd júekbn gnm dstfs pfbferfs y dstfef dhngknmfcn gnm su `uturf dxpdrkdmgkf gnm db Wdönr Wakvf. Budon db dhpdz÷ f hdcktfr pfrf bnorfr cdsguerkr qukëm dstfef cdstkmfcf pfrf gnmvdrtkrsd dm su hfcrd. Hkdmtrfs hdcktfef, ëb tuvn bf vksknm cd umf fpfsknmfcf f bf prægtkgf cdb [nof y umf fsgdtf (umf ynokmk y tfpfsvkmk), O÷mkif, qukëm dstfef rdzfmcn pfrf tdmdr um akjn anmnrfebd fb guæb dbbf pncrèf trfmshktkrbd sus gnmngkhkdmtns y sfekcurèf. Db sd ck÷ gudmtf cd qud dbbf pncrèf sdr umf hfcrd dxgdbdmtd pfrf db, y dspdr÷ db hnhdmtn npnrtumn pfrf gnmvdrtkrsd dm su akjn. O÷mkif, vkcfpfrtds dm bf tkdrrf sd dstfef fprnxkhfmcn f su stm, afeèfpdmsfcn eusgfcnqud pnrsutncfs f fboukëm qud puckdrf gnmvdrtkrsd dm su akjn. Gufmcn su pdmktdmgkf (tfpfs) afeèf bbdofcn f su stm, dbbn vnbvk÷ f vdr fb Ckns Wnb, y bd pkck÷ f db qud bd guhpbkdrf su cdsdn. Dbbf tnh÷ umf hfmn bbdmf cd fouf, y gnhn umf úbtkhf n`rdmcf gdrr÷ bns njns y hdckt÷ dm db Wnb. Dbbf ferk÷ sus njns y vnbvk÷ f vdr f sus hfmns dm bf pnskgk÷m dm bf gufb rdfbkzfef bf n`rdmcf. \frf su snrprdsf dbbf nesdrv÷ umf pdqudöf sdrpkdmtd qud rdpdmtkmfhdmtd tnh÷ umf `nrhf auhfmf. Dstd pdqudön auhfmn sd prnstr÷ f bf ynokmk O÷mkif y bd pkck÷ f dbbf sdr fgdptfcn gnhn su akjn. \nr dstf rfz÷m dbbf bn bbfh÷ \ftfmjfbk. (\ftf skomkstgf gfècn, y Fmjfbk Fmjfbk ds db hucrf hucrf cd gnbnefr bfs bfs hfmns jumtfs dm pnskgk÷m cd pbdofrkf). Fsè ds gnhn sd gudmtf qud \ftfmjfbk vkmn f dstd humcn hnrtfb.

75

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

‒Bnorfhns pdr`dggknmfr um fsfmf gufmcn db ds`udrzn pfrf rdfbkzfr ckgaf fsfmf, skhpbdhdmtd sd cdsvfmdgd‘  

[.W. KK. 5;

77

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

\rngdsn pfrf fprdmcdr bns sutrfs: Dsgugafr + Hdhnrkzfr + Uddggknmfr + Cksgusknm

73

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

 \urusaf y \rfirktk Bf cfmzf dtdrmf cdb umkvdrsn Wfmiayf ynof

Gufbkcfcds cd \urusf: \urusf: 6. Dtdrmn, mumgf mfgd mumgf hudrd 5. \urf gnmgkdmgkf 7. Wu mfturfbdzf ds -ebkss- fmfmcf.

\frf hæs km`nrhfgk÷m snerd \urusaf y \rfirktk pudcds vdr dstd frtègubn qud ds dxgdbdmtd: www.swfhkj.gnh/prfirktk-purusaf-sfmiayf.ath

74

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

Bns Oumfs Ebngis cd gnmstruggk÷m cdb prfirktk

Sfhfs: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^   Ufjfs: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Wftvf: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

70

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf

Udsuhdm cdb prkhdr gfpktubn [nof Wutrfs - Gfpktubn 6 Gnmgdmtrftknm, Wfhfcak \fcf

VTD DW [NOF> ([nof Wutrfs 6.6-6.3) [nof Wutrf 6.6: Mnw, f`tdr prdvknus prdpfrftknm, edokms ynof [nof Wutrf 6.5: [nof ks tad hfstdry fmc kmtdorftknm n` tad fgtkvktkds n` hkmc [nof Wutrf 6.7: Sadm tad sddr, tad Wdb` rdsts km kts trud mfturd [nof Wutrf 6.3: Ft ntadr tkhds, kt ks kcdmtkdc wkta suetbd tanuoats TM-GNBNUKMO [NTU SANTOASW ([nof Wutrfs 6.4-6.66) [nof Wutrfs 6.4-6.0: _ktmdsskmo 4 ikmcs n` tanuoats taft frd dktadr gnbnrdc nr mnt-gnbnrdc [nof Wutrf 6.?: Sardd wfys tn netfkm gnrrdgt imnwbdcod [nof Wutrfs 6.1-6.66: Kmgnrrdgt imnwbdcod, khfokmftknm, sbddp, hdhnry \UFGSKGD FMC MNM-FSSFGAHDMS ([nof Wutrfs 6.65-6.60) [nof Wutrf 6.65: Anw tn hfstdr tanuoats [nof Wutrf 6.67: Hdfmkmo n` prfgtkgd [nof [ nof Wutrfs Wutrf 6.63: 6.64-6.60: Anw tnMnm-fttfgahdmt hfid prfgtkgd rh fmc suprdhd mnm-fttfgahdmt S[\DW N@ GNMGDMSUFSKNM ([nof Wutrfs 6.6?-6.61) [nof Wutrf 6.6?: @nur bdvdbs n` gnmgdmtrftknm [nof Wutrf 6.61: Nejdgtbdss gnmgdmtrftknm ks mdxt D@@NUSW FMC GNHHKSHDMS ([nof Wutrfs 6.6;-6.55) [nof Wutrfs 6.6;-6.5 (6.65)

1. Bf prægtkgf skomkgf tnhfr cdskgknmds qud trfdm ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^. ^^^^^^^^^^^. (6.67) ;. \nr gufmtn gufmtn tkdhpn cded cd cd rdfbkzfr dsf prægtkgf> prægtkgf> (6.63) 6 (6.63)

30

 

Hfmufb cd @kbnsn`èf 65. F trfvës cd dstd ds`udrzn, bf prægtkgf sd vudbvd ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ (6.63). 67. F trfvës cd dsf prægtkgf vkdmd um dstfcn cd ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ (6.64) 63. Gufbds snm bns guftrn mkvdbds cd gnmgdmtrfgk÷m> (6.6?)

64. Gufbds snm bns gkmgn ds`udrzns n gnhprnhksns> (6.5 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ (6.5 prdcdgkebds> (6.7 (6.75) 55. Dm gufbds guftrn fgtktucds umn umn cded cd hdcktfr> (6.77)

57. Tmf eudmf `nrhf cd gfbhfr bf hdmtd ds rdoubfmcn ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^. (6.73) 53. Bf hdcktfgk÷m dm bf pdrgdpgk÷m ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ trfd pfz. (6.74) 54. Bf Hdcktfgkp÷m Hdcktfgkp÷m dm ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ dstfcn cd ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ trfd trfd dstfekbkcfc. (6.70) (6.70) 50. Bf gnmtdhpbfgk÷m dm umf hdmtd bkerd cd ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ tfhekëm `umgknmf. (6.7?) 5?. Db dm`ngfrsd dm um dstfcn cd ^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ n ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ trfd trfmqukbkcfc. trfmqukbkcfc. (6.71). 51. N hdcktfr dm db nejdtn cd su ^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^. ^^^. (6.7;) 5;. Bf hdmtd dstæ gnmtrnbfcf gufmcn pudcd dm`ngfrsd dm ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ y ^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^. ^^^^^. (6.3 hd vf f trfdr pfz y trfmqukbkcfc>‘ Budon, uc pudcd hnvdrsd dm dsf ckrdggk÷m gnm gnmvkggk÷m, y gnm um dspètktun cd mn-fpdon (6.64). 5. Udfrhd su gnmvkggk÷m cd `nrhf rdoubfr:

Dmtrd bfs fgtktucds hæs khpnrtfmtds qud cdedhns cd cdsfrrnbfr, mkmoumf ds hæs Fboumns sutrfs rdbfgknmfcns: khpnrfmtd qud vkryf, qud sd rddrd f bf dmdroèf cd bf gnmvkggk÷m y bf pdrskstdmgkf 6.5