Ficha de Análisis Literario

 

AHGBK MC KLËFHWHW FH]CPKPHD ;. MK MK]D ]DW W @H @H@F @FHD HDOP OPËA ËAHG HGDW DW ;.; ]htufd mc fk d`rk: GBKPFHC X FK AK@PHGK MC GBDGDFK]CW ;.0 Kutdr: PDKFM MKBF ;.7 @hdork @hdorkaék aék:: Pdkfm Mkbf lkgh÷ cl cf mhstrhtd mc Ffklmkaa   mc mc fk ghumkm mc Gkrmhaa , Okfcs Okfcs,, cf ;7 mc scpthci`rc mc ;8;1, mc pkmrcs ldrucods ldrucods,, Bkrkfm Mkbf y Wdahc Ikomkfclc Bcsscf`cro. Fc pushcrdl cf ldi`rc mc Pdkfm cl bdldr kf cxpfdrkmdr Pdkfm Kiulmscl Kiulmscl,, ul bèrdc lkghdlkf mc mc Ldrucok  Ldrucok.. Guklmd Pdkfm tclék trcs kûds, su bcriklk Kstrhm iurh÷ mc kpclmhghths y ulks sciklks mcspuès akffcgh÷ su pkmrc, Bkrkfm, végthik mc ulk lcuidlék lcuidlék,, k fds ghlgucltk y shctc kûds. K pcskr mc su vhumcz, su ikmrc prcahrh÷ ikltclcr k fk akihfhk cl Okfcs Okfcs cl  cl fuokr mc rctdrlkr kk Ldrucok  Ldrucok k  k vhvhr  gdl sus pkrhcltcs, pkrk guipfhr cf mcscd mc su ikrhmd mc quc sus bhjds aucrkl cmugkmds cl csgucfks `rhtëlhgks csgucfks  `rhtëlhgks.. Pdkfm kshsth÷ k fk csgucfk mc fk gktcmrkf cl Ffklmkaa . K fds dgbd kûds, Pdkfm y guktrd mc sus kihods aucrdl kzdtkmds kzdtkmds pdr  pdr cf mhrcgtdr mcspuès mc pdlcr ul rkt÷l iucrtd cl ul tkrrd mc mufgcs (gdlgrctkicltc, mc hlafkidafctcs) cl ulk thclmk mcf `krrhd, gksthod quc su ikmrc gdlshmcr÷ mcsicmhmd, rcthrëlmdfd mc fk csgucfk. Guklmd tclék lucvc kûds, auc clvhkmd k Wt. Uctcr's Wgbddf, ul gd gdfc fcoohd prhv rhvkmd kmd cl fk ghu ghumkm mkm gds gdstcrk tcrk mc _cstdl-supcr-Ikrc _cstdl-supcr-Ikrc,, k fk quc kshsth÷ mcsmc ;807 ;807 bkstk  bkstk ;808 ;808.. Mcsmc fds trcgc kûds, auc cmugkmd cl Pcptdl Wgbddf Wgbddf,, cl Mcr`ysbhrc Mcr`ysbhrc,, mdlmc auc kyumkltc mcf prcacgtd, sc gdlvhrth÷ cl gkphtël mcf cquhpd csgdfkr mc ahvcs y mcskrrdff÷ su hltcrès pdr fk adtdorkaék adtdorkaék.. Murkltc sus kûds cl Pcptdl, Gkm`ury, ulk aë`rhgk mc gbdgdfktcs clvhk`k dgkshdlkficltc gkjks mc sus lucvds prdmugtds k fk csgucfk pkrk quc aucrkl prd`kmds  pdr fds kfuilds. Mkbf sdfék sdûkr gdl hlvcltkr ulk lucvk `krrk mc gbdgdfktc quc scrék cf ksdi`rd mcf ihsid scûdr Gkm`ury, fd quc fc shrvh÷ gdid hlsphrkgh÷l pkrk csgrh`hr su scoulmd fh`rd pkrk lhûds, Gbkrfhc y fk aë`rhgk mc gbdgdfktc gbdgdfktc.. K fd fkrod mc su hlaklghk y kmdfcsgclghk, pksk`k sus vkgkghdlcs mc vcrkld cl Ldrucok. Wu lhûcz cs cf tcik mc su fh`rd, @dy (rcfktds mc hlaklghk) hlaklghk),, cl cf quc hlshstc quc mhgbd fh`rd ld cs su kutd`hdorkaék, yk bhstdrhks quc hlshstc quc lulgkmcsculk fc hlaklghk dgurrhrékgdfikmk csgrh`hrmc ulk kutd`hdorkaék. Pdkfm mhgc quc @dy sdl ulks y rcgucrmds mhvcrsh÷l. Guklmd tcrihl÷ cf gdfcohd, pks÷ trcs sciklks cxpfdrklmd ]crrkldvk ]crrkldvk gdl  gdl cf Uu`fhg Wgbddfs Cxpfdrhlo Wdghcty. Cl jufhd mc ;87= ;87= cipcz÷  cipcz÷ k trk`kjkr cl fk ciprcsk pctrdféacrk Pdykf Mutgb Wbcff.. ]rks mds kûds mc adrikgh÷l cl cf Pchl Wbcff Pchldd Slhm Slhmdd, auc clvhkmd k Mkr-csWkfkki,, ]kloklhgk Wkfkki ]kloklhgk (kgtukf  (kgtukf ]klzklhk ]klzklhk). ). Jultd gdl fds dtrds mds úlhgds cipfckmds mc Wbcff cl tdmd cf tcrrhtdrhd, vhvh÷ fujdskicltc cl fk Wbcff Bdusc, cl fks kaucrks mc Mkr-cs-Wkfkki, gdl ul gdghlc gdg hlcrd rd y kyu kyumkl mkltcs tcs pcr pcrsdl sdlkfc kfcs. s. Wuihl Wuihlhst hstrkl rklmd md gdi gdi`us `usth` th`fc fc cl ]kl ]klokl oklhgk hgk,, sc cla clarcl rclt÷ t÷ k bdrihoks bdrihoks y  y fcdlcs fcdlcs,, cltrc dtrds pcfhords. Cl ldvhci`rc mc ;878 ;878 sc  sc ulh÷ k fk Pdykf Khr Adrgc Adrgc.. Mcspuès mc ul vhkjc cl gdgbc mc gksh ihf nhf÷ictrds mcsmc Mkr-cs-Wkfkki bkstk Lkhrd`h bkstk Lkhrd`h,, auc kgcptkmd pkrk cf cltrclkihcltd mc vucfd  jultd gdl dtrds mhcghsèhs gklmhmktds, ttrcgc rcgc mc fds gukfcs idrhrékl cl gdi`ktc kèrcd iës tkrmc. Gdl shctc bdrks y gukrcltk ihlutds mc cxpcrhclghk cl su Mc Bkvhffklm ]hocr Idtb Idtb,, gdiclz÷ k vd vdfk fkrr sdfd sdfd y kprc kprcgh gh÷÷ fk vhmk vhmk shfv shfvcs cstr trcc mc Nclhk Nclhk  murk murklt ltcc su suss vu vucfd cfds. s. Gd Gdlt lthl hlu÷ u÷ gdl gdl cf cltrclkihcltd kvklzkmd cl Bk``klhyk (dgbcltk nhf÷ictrds kf dcstc mc @komkm @komkm,, Hrkn )).. ]rks schs

 

icscs vdfklmd Bkwncr Bkrts Bkrts,, auc ldi`rkmd dahghkf y ksholkmd kf csgukmr÷l lúicrd 25 mc fk PKA,, vdfkl PKA vdfklmd md d`sd d`sdfctds fctds Ofds Ofdstcr tcr Ofkm Ofkmhktdr  hktdr . Mkbf sc sdrprclmh÷ kf mcsgu`rhr quc ld scrék cltrclkmd cl gdi`ktc kèrcd lh cl g÷id vdfkr fds Ofdstcr Ofkmhktdrs. Cf ;8 mc scpthci`rc mc ;8=5 ;8=5,, Mkbf vdfkrék su Ofkmhktdr mcsmc K`u Wuwhur, cl Cohptd Cohptd,, bkstk Kihrhyk Kihrh yk pkrk rcgkr rcgkrokr okr gdi`usth` gdi`usth`fc fc y fucod bkstk Adunk, Fh`hk Fh`hk,, pdr ulk scoulmk gkrok. Mcsmc kbé vdfkrék k fk phstk mcf csgukmr÷l 25, ghlgucltk nhf÷ictrds kf sur mc Icrskb Iktrub. Cl cf trkid ahlkf, ld pumd clgdltrkr fk phstk y, gdrtd mc gdi`usth`fc y gdl fk ldgbc gkyclmd, sc vhd adrzkmd cl cf mcshcrtd. Mcskadrtulkmkicltc, mcyktcrrhzkjc ulk rdgkkyhltcltkr cf kvh÷lul scktcrrhzkjc cstrcff÷. Pdkfm sc arkgtur÷ cf grëlcd, sc rdiph÷cffktrcl lkrhz pcrmh÷ fk odfpc÷ vhsh÷l. Fdor÷ krrkstrkrsc fcjds mcf kvh÷l cl ffkiks y sc mcsiky÷. Iës tkrmc, csgrh`h÷ kgcrgk mcf kgghmcltc cl su prhicr trk`kjd pu`fhgkmd. Cl ulk hlvcsthokgh÷l mc fk Pdykf Khr Adrgc kgcrgk mcf sugcsd, sc mcsgu`rh÷ quc fk u`hgkgh÷l k fk quc sc fc bk`ék drmclkmd vdfkr crk gdipfctkicltc hlgdrrcgtk, bk`hclmd shmd clvhkmd k ulk zdlk cltrc fks f ks aucrzks `rhtëlhgks c htkfhklks. Mkbf auc rcsgktkmd y ffcvkmd k ul pucstd mc prhicrds kuxhfhds cl Icrskb Iktrub, mdlmc rcgupcr÷ fk gdlghclghk (kulquc ld fk vhstk) y auc trksfkmkmd cl trcl kf bdsphtkf mc fk Pdykf  Lkvy cl  Lkvy  cl Kfcjklmrék Kfcjklmrék.. Kffé sc clkidr÷ mc ulk clacricrk, Ikry _cffklm, quc auc fk prhicrk  pcrsdlk quc vhd kf rcgupcrkr fk vhstk, trks dgbd sciklks mc gcoucrk. Fds mdgtdrcs mhjcrdl quc ld bk`ék lhloulk pdsh`hfhmkm mc quc vdfvhcsc k vdfkr, pcrd cl ac`rcrd mc ;8=; ;8=;,, ghlgd icscs mcspuès mc hlorcskr kf bdsphtkf, auc mkmd mc kftk y pkskmd k tkrcks mc vucfd. Cl csds idicltds, cf csgukmr÷l lúicrd 25 sc clgdltrk`k cl Cfcvshs, gcrgk mc Ktclks Ktclks,, Orcghk Orcghk,, gdi`kthclmd jultd gdl fk Adrgc gdltrk  gdltrk fks cl aucrzks mcf Cjc Cjc,,Burrhgklc shl cspcrklzks mcrrdtkrfds. Cl k`rhf mc@rhthsb ;8=;, Cxpcmhthdlkry ktrkvcs÷ cf ikrAdrgc Icmhtcrrëlcd cl Icmhtcrrëlcd ul Bkwncr Burrhgklc pkrk  pkrk mc ahlkficltc ulhrsc k su csgukmr÷l cl Orcghk, schs icscs mcspuès mc gdlvcrthrsc cl ihci`rd. Kffé gdldgh÷ k ul gk`d quc prcoultk`k guëltd thcipd sd`rcvhvhrék cf lucvd kvh÷l, kgdipkûkmd s÷fd pdr gktdrgc Burrhgklcs y guktrd @rhstdf @fclbchis @fclbchis cl  cl tdmk Orcghk gdltrk ihfcs mc kvhdlcs clcihods. Cf fémcr mcf csgukmr÷l tkipdgd sc idstrk`k cltushksikmd pdr tclcr s÷fd ul lucvd  phfdtd. Mc tdmds idmds, Mkbf sc bhzd kihod mc Mkvhm Gdnc Gdnc,, quhcl, sh ld bu`hcsc iucrtd iës tkrmc cl gdi`ktc, sc bk`rék gdlvcrthmd cl ckrf mc Fchgcstcr . Mkbf tuvd su prhicrk kggh÷l sd`rc Gkfghs Gkfghs,, mdlmc Julncrs Ju 22s 22s sc  sc clgdltrk`kl `di`krmcklmd  `krgds. Wdfd gdl su Burrhgklc gdltrk schs `di`krmcrds, `di`krmcrds, fdor÷ mcrrh`kr uld. Csgrh`h÷ sd`rc tdmds cstds hlghmcltcs cl su fh`rd kutd`hdorëahgd Qdfklmd sdfd. sdfd. Gdic Gd iclz lz÷÷ k csgr csgrh` h`hr hr cl ;8=0 ;8=0,, gukl guklmd md auc auc trks trksfk fkmk mkmd md k _k _ksb sbhl hlot otdl dl,, gdid gdid korcokmd kèrcd  kèrcd   kmjultd. Wu prhicr trk`kjd kpkrcghmd fk cmhgh÷l mcf Wkturmky Cvclhlo Udst Udst cf  cf ; mc kodstd mc ;8=0, auc ulpu`fhgkmd, gucltd thtufkmd «Ukl cl gdihmd¾, mcsgrh`hclmd su kgghmcltc gdl cf Ofdstcr Ofkmhktdr. Cf tétufd drhohlkf cl hlofès crk «K phcgc da gknc¾, pcrd auc gki`hkmd k «Wbdt mdwl dvcr Fh`yk¾ («Mcrrh`kmd sd`rc Fh`hk¾). Cstuvd gkskmd murkltc trc trchl hltk tk kûds (mcsmc ;837 bkstk ;827) gdl fk kgtr trhhz cstkmdulhmclsc Uktrhghk Lckf Lckf.. ]uvhcrdl ghlgd bhjds (hlgfuyclmd k fk kutdrk ]cssk Mkbf), Mkbf), uld mc fds gukfcs, Dfhvhk ]wclty Mkbf, akffcgh÷ mc clgcakfhths clgcakfhths pd  pdrr cf vhrus vhrus mc skrkiph÷l skrkiph÷l k  k fk cmkm mc shctc kûds, cl ;810 ;810.. ]bcd, su úlhgd bhjd vkr÷l, suarh÷ ul kgghmcltc murkltc su hlaklghk quc fc  prdvdg÷ bhmrdgcakfhk bhmrdgcakfhk.. Gdid rcsuftkmd, su pkmrc sc hlvdfugr÷ cl cf mcskrrdffd mc fd quc iës tkrmc sc gdldgcrék gdid vëfvufk mc _kmc-Mkbf-]hff _kmc-Mkbf-]hff,, ul mhspdshth mhspdshthvd vd pkrk kfhvhk kfhvhkrr cstk gdlmhgh÷ gdlmhgh÷l. l.77  Wu bhjk Dpbcfhk Mkbf Mkbf cs  cs mhrcgtdrk y gdaulmkmdrk (jultd gdl cf mdgtdr Ukuf Akricr ) mc Ukrtlcrs hl Bckftb,, ulk droklhzkgh÷l shl ahlcs mc fugrd mcmhgkmk k prdvccr guhmkmds ièmhgds k kfoulks mc Bckftb fks iës cipd`rcghmks gdiulhmkmcs mcf iulmd. Fk bhjk mc ]cssk, c hlsphrkgh÷l pkrk ul  pcrsdlkjc mcKll Cf orkl ohokltc `dlkgb÷ `dlkgb÷l l, cs fkkihok idmcfd y kutdrk Mkbf.. Cl ;827, sc gks÷ gdl Acfhghty m'K`rcu Grdsfklm, fk icjdr mc su prhicrkWdpbhc cspdsk.Mkbf

 

Iurh÷÷ mc fcugcihk Iurh fcugcihk  cf 07 mc ldvh dvhci ci`r `rcc mc ;885 ;885,, cl su gksk gksk,, Ohp hpssy Bdus dusc, cl Orckt Ihssclmcl,, @ugnhlobkisbhrc Ihssclmcl @ugnhlobkisbhrc k  k fds ?= kûds y auc cltcrrkmd cl cf gcicltcrhd mc fk pkrrdquhk mc Wkl Ucmrd y Wkl Uk`fd. Cl su bdldr, fk Pdkfm Mkbf Gbhfmrcl's Okffcry auc hlkuourkmk cl cf @ugns Gdulty Gdulty Iusc Iuscui, ui, cl fk gcrgk gcrgklk lk Kyfcs`ury Kyfcs`ury.. Fds gdiprdihsds sdfhmkrhds mc Mkbf cl fds gkipds mc fk lcurdfdoék lcurdfdoék,, fk bciktdfdoék bciktdfdoék y  y fk kfak`cthzkgh÷l kfak`cthzkgh÷l bkl  bkl shmd gdlthlukmds trks su iucrtc k trkvès mc fk Pdkfm Mkbf Adulmkthdl. Cl julhd mc 0553 0553,, cf Pdkfm Mkbf Iuscui klm Wtdry Gcltrc auc hlkuourkmd cl Orckt Ihssclmcl Ihssclmcl pkrk  pkrk gcfc`rkr cf trk`kjd mc Mkbf.

;.= Urdmuggh÷l Urdmuggh÷l fhtcrkr fhtcrkrhk: hk: Urdsk pkrk lhûds      

          

]bc orcifhls (;8=7)  Jkics y cf icfdgdt÷l ohokltc ( Jkics  Jkics klm tbc Ohklt Uckgb, ;81;) Gbkrfhc y fk aë`rhgk mc gbdgdfktc (Gbkrfhc klm tbc gbdgdfktc akgtdry, ;81=)  Cf mcmd iëohgd (]bc ikohg ahlocr , ;811)  Cf Wupcrzdrrd ( Akltksthg  Akltksthg Ir Adx, ;8?5) Gbkrfhc y cf orkl ksgclsdr mc grhstkf  (  (Gbkrfhc klm tbc orckt ofkss cfcvktdr , Wcgucfk mc Gbkrfhc y fk aë`rhgk mc gbdgdfktc  Mklly cf gkipc÷l mcf iulmd ( Mklly,  Mklly, tbc gbkiphdl da tbc wdrfm , ;8?3)  Cf gdgdmrhfd cldric (]bc cldridus grdgdmhfc, ;8?2)

;8?0).

 Fds Grcthlds (]bc twhts, ;825)  Fk ikrkvhffdsk icmhghlk mc Jdroc (Ocdroc's ikrvcffdus icmhghlc, ;82;)  Cf orkl ohokltc `dlkgb÷l (]bc @AO, ;820)  Fks `rujks (]bc whtgbcs, ;827)  Fk jhrkak, cf pcfégkld y cf idld (]bc ohrkaac klm tbc pcffy klm ic , ;823)  Ikthfmk ( Ikthfmk  Ikthfmk, ;822)  Kou ]rdt  (  Cshd ]rdt , ;885)  ( Cshd  Cf vhgkrhd quc bk`fk`k kf rcvès (]bc vhgkr da Lh``fcswhgnc, ;88;), d`rk p÷stuik  Fds ihiphls (]bc Ihlphls, ;88;), d`rk p÷stuik

Udcsék pkrk lhûds   

Gucltds cl vcrsd pkrk lhûds pcrvcrsds  (;820  (;820)) ¡[uè ksgd mc `hgbds! (;82=  (;82=))  Uugbcrd mc rhiks (;828  (;828))

Ldvcfks^cmhtkr Y  

Wdicthic Lcvcr: K Ak`fc adr Wupcricl (;8=2)  Ih téd Dswkfm  (  Iy Slgfc Dswkfm , ;8?8)  ( Iy

Kltdfdoéks mc gucltds^cmhtkr Y       

 Cf orkl gki`hkzd (Wwhtgb `htgb, ;8?= ;8?=))  Fds icjdrcs rcfktds mc Pdkfm Mkbf  (]bc  (]bc @cst da Pdkfm Mkbf , ;8?2 ) Oèlcshs y gktëstrdac (Oclcshs klm Gktkstrdpbc: K ]ruc Wtdry , ;825)  Bhstdrhks cxtrkdrmhlkrhks (]bc _dlmcrauf Wtdry da Bclry Wuokr klm Whx Idrc , ;8?? ;8??))  Pcfktds mc fd hlcspcrkmd (]kfcs da tbc Slcxpcgtcm , ;8?8 ;8?8))  Fk vcloklzk cs iék W.K. (Qclocklgc hs Ihlc Hlg. , ;825) Gucltds gdipfctds (05;7)

Qcr fk Fhstk mc gucltds mc Pdkfm Mkbf Mkbf..

 

Icidrhks 



 

 @dy. Pcfktds mc hlaklghk ( @dy:  @dy: ]kfcs da Gbhfmbddm , ;82= ;82=). ).

Gucltk su vhmk bkstk fk cmkm mc vchltc kûds, gcltrëlmdsc cl fk cmugkgh÷l `rhtëlhgk cmugkgh÷l `rhtëlhgk mc  mc gdihclzds mcf shofd RR RR.. Qdfklmd sdfd (Odhlo Wdfd, ;821 ;821). ). Gdlthlukgh÷l mcf kltcrhdr. Gucltk su vhmk gdid cipfckmd mc Wbcff y su pkrthghpkgh÷l cl fk Wcoulmk Oucrrk Iulmhkf. Iulmhkf.  Icidrhcs whtb addm kt Ohpsy Bdusc (;88;  (;88;))  Pdkfm Mkbf's Ouhmc td Pkhfwky Wkacty Wkacty (;88;  (;88;))



 Ih kûd ( Iy  Iy Xckr , ;887 ;887))

]cktrd 

]bc Bdlcys (;833  (;833). ). Pcprcscltkmd cl cf Fdlokgrc ]bcktrc, @rdkmwky @rdkmwky..

Ouhdlcs Ghlc          

W÷fd sc vhvc mds vcgcs  (Xdu dlfy fhvc twhgc, ;81? ;81?)) Gbhtty Gbhtty @klo @klo  (;812  (;812)) ]bc lhobt mhoocr   (;8?; (;8?;)) Sl iulmd mc akltksék (;8?;  (;8?;))  Fks `rujks (;827  (;827))  Ikthfmk (pcfégufk) (;881  (;881)) Gbkrfhc y fk aë`rhgk mc gbdgdfktc (0553  (0553))  Jkics y cf icfdgdt÷l ohokltc  Akltksthg Ir. Adx (0558  (0558)) ]bc @AO  @AO  ( 0 05;1  5;1   )

]cfcvhsh÷l      



Wuspclsc (Cstkmds  (Cstkmds Slhmds Slhmds,, ;8=8 ;8=8--;83= ;83=). ). Gkicd ]bcktrc (Cstkmds  (Cstkmds Slhmds Slhmds,, ;835 ;835--;833 ;833). ).  Kfarcm Bhtgbgdgn prcscltk (Cstkmds  (Cstkmds Slhmds Slhmds,, ;833 ;833--;810 ;810). ). _ky dut  (Cstkmds  (Cstkmds Slhmds Slhmds,, ;81; ;81;). ). ]bkt wks tbc wccn tbkt wks (Pchld  (Pchld Slhmd Slhmd,, ;810 ;810--;817 ;817). ). ]bhrty-ihlutc tbcktrc (Pchld  (Pchld Slhmd Slhmd,, ;813 ;813--;8?7 ;8?7). ).  Fktc lhobt bdrrdr  (Cstkmds  (Cstkmds Slhmds Slhmds,, ;812 ;812). ).

;.3 Csgucfk Csgucfk d idvhihcltd idvhihcltd fhtcrkr fhtcrkrhd: hd: ;.1 Gdltcxtd Bhst÷rhgd sdghkf

 

0. KLËFHWHW MC FK ADPIK: 0.; Cstrugturk mc fk d`rk: Hlhghd: _hffy _dlnk clvék fds `dfctds mdrkmds k tdmks pkrtcs mcf iulmd, pkrk quc 3 lhûds pucmkl vhshtkr su ak`rhgk  Lumd: Fds lhûds ffcokl k fk aë`rhgk y cs kbé mdlmc gkmk uld mc cffds thclcl quc quc pkskr  pdr mhsthltks pruc`ks, pruc`ks, kulquc kfoulds mc cffds sc vkl qucmklmd cl cf gkihld Mcsclfkgc: _hffy _dlnk mcghmc bcrcmkrfc fk aë`rhgk k Gbkrfhc k gki`hd mc quc ld vucfvk k vcr k su akihfhk> cs kbé guklmd Gbkrfhc ld kgcptk y fc clscûk k _hffy cf vkfdr mc fk akihfhk. 0.0 Adrik mc fk cxprcsh÷l: Urdsk 





0.7 ]hpd mc Fcloukjc: cspkûdf 0.= Qdgk`ufkrhd:

7. KLËFHWHW MCF GDL]CLHMD: 7.; Oèlcrd fhtcrkrhd: Fhtcrkturk Hlaklthf 7.0 Cspcghc fhtcrkrhk: Akltksék 7.7 ]cik: cf vkfdr mc fk akihfhk 7.= Gkrkgtcrésthgks mc fds Ucrsdlkjcs: 7.=.;: Urhlghpkfcs: 

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Gbkrfhc @ugnct: Cf pcrsdlkjc prhlghpkf. Cs ul lhûd pd`rc quc vhvc cl su gkshtk mc ikmcrk k fks kaucrks mc ulk orkl ghumkm, jultd k sus mds pkmrcs y guktrd k`ucfds. Auc cf quhltd y úfthid lhûd cl rcgh`hr cf `dfctd mdrkmd. Cl fk vhshtk, auc kgdipkûkmd pdr su k`ucfd  pktcrld Jdc. Gdid auc cf úlhgd lhûd quc mcidstr÷ ld scr kvkrhghdsd y sc pdrtd `hcl, _hffy _dlnk fc gcmc su aë`rhgk. _hffy _dlnk: Cs ul akidsd gbdgdfktcrd quc k`rh÷ fk aë`rhgk mc gbdgdfktc iës orklmc mcf iulmd cl fk ghumkm mc Gbkrfhc. Wuarh÷ gdphks bcgbks pdr mufgcrds mc fk gdipctclghk, iklmklmd fk aë`rhgk sus rcgctks y d`tclcr iësvdfvh÷ èxhtd ykvcltks. mc csd, _dlnkcspéks gcrr÷k su aë`rhgk pkrk pkrkrd`kr shciprc, bkstk ul mék cl quc dpcrkrFucod y shouh÷ vclmhclmd, pcrd lkmhc lulgk fd vhd. Gdid cstc vhd quc lcgcshtk`k ul bcrcmcrd, iklm÷ 3  `dfctds mdrkmds kf kzkr. K`ucfd Jdc: Cs cf k`ucfd pktcrld mc Gbkrfhc y cf ikydr mc fds guktrd, gdl 81 y icmhd kûds mc cmkm. y sk`c iugbd sd`rc fk aë`rhgk _dlnk. Cf kgdipkû÷ k Gbkrfhc cl fk vhshtk.

7.=.0: Wcgulmkrhds: 

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Kuoustus Ofddp: Auc cf prhicr lhûd quc gdlshouh÷ cf `dfctd mdrkmd. Cs ul lhûd d`csd y ofdt÷l quc gdic iugbd gbdgdfktc y mufgcs. Udr su ikf gdipdrtkihcltd, sc gky÷ kf réd mc gbdgdfktc pkrk fucod scr sugghdlkmd pdr ul tu`d quc fd ffcvk k fk skfk pkrk `kthr fds sk`drcs. Qhdfct @ckurcokrmc: Auc fk tcrgcrk cl gdlscouhr cf `dfctd. Cs ulk lhûk quc gdic iugbd gbhgfc y quc mc cf règdrm mcquc gdicr pdruliës thcipd cl gbhgfc, cspcgéahgkicltc  pdr 7 icscs. Slbcgbd, gbhgfcd`tuvd quc bhzd _dlnk, tclék prd`fcik fk pkrtc mc pkstcf mc

 

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krëlmklds, auc gdihmd pdr Qhdfct. Udr gdicrfd, sc gdlvhrth÷ cl ul orkl krëlmkld. Wu ikmrc shciprc fc mhgc quc vk k oklkr y quc cs fk icjdr cl tdmd y pdr csd cstk drouffdsk mc su bhjk  pcrd guklmd phcrmc lds mkids gucltk quc sdfd fk qucrék pdr csd y quc gdid kbdrk crk idrkmk cstk`k kvcrodlzkmk mc su bhjk. Qcrugk Wkft: Auc fk scoulmk cl gdlscouhr cf `dfctd. Cs ulk lhûk cxhocltc quc k gkmk rktd, fc phmc k su pkmrc vkrhks gdsks. Udr pcmhr ulk mc fks krmhffks mc _dlnk, cffk cs ktkgkmk pdr  fks krmhffks pkrk quc fucod ulk krmhffk odfpckrk su arcltc. Fucod gdipruc`k quc cs bucgk y fks krmhffks fk fklzkl k fk `ksurk. : Auc cf gukrtd gdlscouhrUdr cf `dfctd. Cs ulk lhûd quc tdmd cf thcipd Ihgbkcf "Ihnc"c ]cvc vc fk tcfcvhsh÷l, hr÷lhgkicltc dmhk cfclgbdgdfktc. krrhcsokrsc tcfctrklspdrtkrsc pdr fk tcfcvhsh÷l, qucm÷ pcqucûd. Ddipk-Fddipks: Wdl ulds phoicds (gki`hkmds pdr bhpphcs clklds cl ulk rccmhgh÷l mcf fh`rd) mcsmc Ëarhgk quc shrvcl gdid cipfckmds mc _hffy _dlnk fucod mcf ghcrrc mc fk aë`rhgk. Cl su thcrrk, gdiékl ousklds vcrmcs mc sk`dr rcpuolkltc, y trktk`kl mc gdi`hlkrfd gdl csgkrk`kjds rdjds, fk gdrtczk mcf ër`df `dlo-`dlo. Fd quc qucrékl crkl orklds mc gkgkd. _hffy _dlnk darcgh÷ k fk trh`u k iumkrsc k su aë`rhgk, yk quc k gki`hd mc trk`kjkr pkrk èf, rcgh`hrékl orklds gkgkd.

7.3 ]hcipd: Cl hlvhcrld, cl cf guipfckûds mc Gbkrfhc y mcspuès cf ; mc ac`rcrd. 7.1 Cspkghd: Fk Ghumkm Mdlmc Wc Clgucltrk Fk Aë`rhgk. 7.2 Cxpfhgkgh÷l d Krouicltd mcf gdltclhmd: Gbkrfhc @ugnct cs ul lhûd quc vhvc gdl sus pkmrcs y sus k`ucfds iktcrlds y pktcrlds cl ulk gksk. Wdl pd`rcs y pkskl bki`rc y iës guklmd su pkmrc cs mcspcmhmd mc su trk`kjd. Gbkrfhc y su k`ucfd Jdc sucûkl gdl vhshtkr fk Aë`rhgk mc gbdgdfktc mc _hffy _dlnk quc ffcvk kûds gcrrkmk kf pú`fhgd. X cf sucûd sc bkrë rckfhmkm. _hffy _dlnk, mucûd mc fk aë`rhgk, pdlc cl ghrgufkgh÷l mcltrd mc sus tk`fctks mc gbdgdfktc, ghlgd `hffctcs mdrkmds. Cstds `hffctcs pcrihthrël, k fds ghlgd lhûds d lhûks quc fds clgucltrcl, vhshtkr fk aë`rhgk, ffcvkrsc ul gkrokicltd mc gbdgdfktcs y odfdshlks mc pdr vhmk y, kf oklkmdr, rcgh`hr ul prcihd iuy cspcghkf. Kuoustus Ofddp, Qcrugk Wkft, Qhdfct @ckurcokrmc, Ihnc ]ckvcc y Gbkrfhc @ugnct scrël fds kadrtulkmds oklkmdrcs. ]dmds cltrkl gdl su pkmrcs, iclds Gbkrfhc, quc vk kgdipkûkmd pdr cf k`ucfd iktcrld Jdc. Slk vcz mcltrd mcsgu`rcl, mc fk ikld mcf cxgèltrhgd _hffy _dlnk (quc fds rcgh`c cl fk cltrkmk mc fk aë`rhgk), ul ikrkvhffdsd iulmd mc gbdgdfktc y odfdshlks. Gkmk uld mc fds lhûds y lhûks vk skfhclmd mc fk aë`rhgk k gkusk mc sus ikléks, mcacgtds y ikfk cmugkgh÷l. K Kuoustus Ofddp ld  pucmc gdl fk oufk, gkc k ul réd mc gbdgdfktc, y cs k`sdr`hmd pdr ul tu`d quc fd ffcvk aucrk mcf rcghltd. Qhdfct @ckurcokrmc, fk d`scshvk iksgkmdrk mc gbhgfc y gdipcthmdrk hlgklsk`fc, sc gdlvhcrtc cl ul krëlmkld pdr prd`kr ul gbhgfc cxpcrhicltkf gdl oustd k ulk gdihmk gdipfctk mc mds pfktds y pdstrc. Qcrugk Wkft, lhûk ihikmk y gdlsclthmk quc ld pkrk mc pcmhr, cs krrdjkmk kf koujcrd mc fds mcspcrmhghds pdr ulks krmhffks kf hltcltkr bkgcrsc gdl ulk mc cffks. Ihnc ]ckvcc, tcfcspcgtkmdr hlakthok`fc, cs trklsadrikmd cl ul pcqucûd pcrsdlkjc mc tcfcvhsh÷l kf quc bkl mc kfkrokr gdid k ul gbhgfc pkrk quc vucfvk k tclcr ul kspcgtd iélhikicltc ldrikf. X pdr  ahl sdfd qucmk cl fk aë`rhgk Gbkrfhc, cf oklkmdr. Cf prcihd cs fk aë`rhgk: cf scûdr _dlnk sc bkgc ikydr y quhcrc ul bcrcmcrd, y cf `dlmkmdsd y prumcltc Gbkrfhc rclulgh÷ kf prcihd pdrquc mc`ék cstkr cl fk aë`rhgk shl su akihfhk. _dlnk gdiprclmh÷ fd quc sholhahgk`k fk akihfhk.

7.8 Qkfdrcs: Pcspctd   

Kidr  Wdfhmkrhmkm

 

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Buihfmkm Fckftkm

=. KUPCGHKGH×L GPÉ]HGK: =.;. Hipdrtklghk mc fk d`rk:  Lds clscûk cf vkfdr mc fk akihfhk akihfhk y gdid ctk hlafuyc cl fk  pcrsdlkfhmkm y kgthtum mc fds lhûds. =.0. Ucrsdlkjc vkfhdsd: Gbkrfhc> cs ul lhûd quc, k pcskr mc tclcr `kjds rcgursds cgdl÷ihgds, shouc kmcfkltc, cs csaucrzk pdr su akihfhk y quhcrc iugbd k sus pkmrcs y k`ucfds =.7. Iclskjc: cstk d`rk lds iucstrk cf vkfdr mc fk akihfhk> pucstd quc shl cffds lds sclthrékids sdfds y lds bkrék akftk cf kidr, gkrhûd y aucrzks pkrk scouhr kmcfkltc.

=.=. Hfustrkgh÷l:

3. MK]DW @H@FHDOPËAHGDW:  3.; Lúicrd mc pëohlk: 07; 3.0 Cmhtdrhkf: Kfakoukrk 3.7 Acgbk mc pu`fhgkgh÷l: