Fernandez Alvarez Cap 12, 13, 14 - 2

 

@B C[WCYLCNALB MC@ QSHYLFLCN]D ESQ]LHLABN SNB LNMLABALÑN MC WQLAD]CYBWLB 2· Cxlstc unb sltubalñn mc fb`cstbr quc pucmc cxprcsbrsc adfd unb hdrfb mc suhrlflcntd, pbmcalflcntd, quceb, cta. mc hdrfb lfp`æaltb d cxp`æaltb. -Mlhcrcntcs jrbmds mc cxtcnslñn, zdnbs vltb`cs bhcatbmbs y abusbs btrliuli`cs b su drljcn - bibnmdnd pcrsdnb`, lnadfprcnslñn mc` funmd, scnsbalñn mc mcsvb`dr, lnadnstbnalb pbrb cnhrcntbr unb tbrcb, vld`balñn, lmcbs discslvbs, bnjusb, cta.

 

9· Cxlstc `b adnvlaalñn mc quc mlakd fb`cstbr nd sc alraunsarlic b un kcakd slad nl b un mcsdrmcn sdalb`. - Wrcscnalb mc hbatdrcs pslad`ñjlads cn unb pcrturibalñn. 1· Cxlstc `b scnsbalñn mc quc cs lfpdsli`c cvltbr mlakd fb`cstbr fcmlbntc baaldncs vd`untbrlbs y adnsalcntcs. =· - Cxlstc `b arccnalb mc quc alcrtds abfilds lntcrnds fdmlabrân csc cstbmd mc adsbs y quc un cxpcrtd scrâ mc byumb pbrb `djrbr`ds. Cxpcatbvbs sl `b tcrbplb rcsu`tb cabz.

 

CQRSCFBQ MC WCYACWALDN MC@ QSHYLFLCN]D ADFD @@CJBFDQ B WCYAB]BYNDQ MC RSC CQ]BFDQ QSHYLCNMD

FDMB@LMBMCQ WBYB MC]CA]BY QL]SBALDN -adfpdrtbflcntd QLN]DFBQ5 trbstdrnd qucsuadfprdfctc su y fbrab mlspdslalñn pbrb batubr, su aucrpd d sus hunaldncs cn unb bavlmbm cspcalab. - WYDI@CFBQ5 mlau`tbm pbrb bhrdntbr unb sltubalñn mc adfprdflsd. Ycsu`tb mc fbncrb mc dpcrbr cn alraunstbnalbs.  ADNH@LA]DQ. Lnkcrcntc b hdrfb mc vlmb cn jcncrb`.

 

DIEC]LXDQ MC @B WQLAD]CYBWLB @bs Wsladtcrbplbs d tcrbplbs pdr fcmlds pslad`ñjlads adnstuycn un adneuntd mc tìanlabs mcsnbmbs b prdfdvcr sltubaldncs mc abfild pcrsdnb` cn lnmlvlmuds quc pbmcacn, aubnmd mlakd pbmcalflcntd nd sc sdscnc cn b`junb hdrfb mc vb`drbalñn quc `d eusquc.

 

HBA]DYCQ RSC ADNMLALDNBN MCA@BYBALDN MC FB@CQ]BY Wrcacmlmb pdr adnmlaldnbntcs quc lfpdnc c` bmflsdr5

2· adnmlaldnbntc adntcxtub`5 jrbmd mc prcsjld sdalb` mc `b psladtcrbplb, p sladtcrbplb, prcsjld tcrbpcutb, lnstb`baldncs. 9·batumlnb`5 hdrfb y mlspdslalñn adn quc c` cntrcvlstbmdr sc sltõb bntc c` pbalcntc. 1· Xcrib`. Ql b`julcn nd cstb prcpbrbmd pbrb unb  psladtcrbplb cs cs slfp`cfcntc pdrq pdrquc uc nd `b ncacsltb, pdrquc ncacsltb dtrb fdmb`lmbm tcrbpìuab d pdrquc ncacsltb dtrb adsb bntcs.

 

LNMLABALDN MC WQLAD]CYBWLB \ WYDACMLFLCN]D

b) @bs @bs aabr brba batc tcræ ræs sab abss mc` mc` fb fb`c `cst stbr br i) c` su suec ecttd m mcc ``bb aadn dnssu`tb `tb a) `b cvd` cvd`u ual alñn ñn mc `b mcf cfbn bnmb mb m) `bs `bs btrl btrliu iuald aldnc ncss mc mc`` pbal pbalcn cntc tc ssdi dirc rc su su pr prdp dpld ld fb`cstbr

 

A- cvd`ualñn mc `b mcfbnmb -irusabfcntc, aubnmd b`junb nucvb cxpcrlcnalb adfpdrtb un lnarcfcntd mc` abumb` mc lnhdrfbalñn quc mcsidrmb `b abpbalmbm mc prdacsbflcntd mc` lnmlvlmud. Cxpcrlcnalbs trbufâabs. - prdjrcslvb, aubnmd c` mìalt mc prdacsbflcntd sc vb baufu`bnmd mc fbncrb jrbmub`, kbstb b`abnzbr c` `lfltc mc `b mlshunaldnb`lmbm.

 

MLQCÒD MC CQ]YB]CJLBQ WQLAD]CYBWCS]LABQ

YCJ@BQ MC LNLALD • Mc`lfltbalñn mc `ds diecvds • Cxp`laltbalñn mc tdmb fdmlabalñn mc `ds diecvds • Beustc mc` nlvc` mc btrliualñn lntcrnb mc` fb`cstbr. • Mlscòd mc unb cstrbtcjlb tcrbpìuab prdjrcslvb y

jrbmub` (vbrlbi`cs tcñrlad - a`ænlabs? sltubaldnb`cs).

 

=. Mlscòd mc unb cstrbtcjlb tcrbpìuab 2- vbrlbi`cs tcñrlads a`ænlabs b)]lpd mc trbstdrnd i) prdhunmlmbm mc `bs adnstruaaldncs pcrsdnb`cs a) nlvc` mc prdacsbflcntd mc `b lnhdrfbalñn 9- vbrlbi`cs sltubaldnb`cs m)Cxpcatbvbs mc abfild5 fcmld y ncs c) abnmbm y(lna`uycnmd fdmb`lmbm c` mccqulpd `ds rcaursds mlspdnli`cs tcrbpìuad lfp`labmd cn `b tbrcb)

 

2- vbrlbi`cs tcñrlads a`ænlabs b)]lpd mc trbstdrnd @bs mlvcrsbs hdrfbs mc psladtcrbplb pucmcn bjrupbrsc cn < fdmb`lmbmcs b`lncbmbs cn tdrnd b 1 abtcjdræbs prlnalpb`cs. JYSWD L

JYSWD LL

JYSWD LLL

]YBQ]. BHCA]LXDQ ]YBQ]. MC @B CQHCYB QC[SB@ ]YBQ]. MC @B ADFSNLABALÑN ]YBQ]. MC @B WCYQDNB@LMBM

]YBQ]. WDY BMLAALDN MC QSQ]BNALBQ ]D[LABQ

]YBQ]. WQLRSLADQ BQDALBMDQ B WCY]SYIBALDNCQ HLQLABQ ]YBQ]. WQLRSLADQ BQDALBMDQ B

]YBQ]. QCXCYDQ MC@ ADFWDY]BFLCN]D \ @B WCYQDNB@LMBM

WCY]SYIBALDNCQ QDALB@CQ ]YBQ]. WQLRSLADQ CN QL]SBALDNCQ @LFL]CQ

 

WYLFCYB AB]CJDYÆB -]rbstdrnds bhcavds5 sc mca`brb adfd pbmcalflcntd cn hdrfb mc un sæntdfb. @b fcedr lnmlabalñn suc`c scr mc unb hdrfb hdab`lzbmb mc tcrbplb, yb scb mc hdrfb lnmlvlmub` d jrupd kdfdjìncd. -]rbstdrnds scxub`cs5 vbrlbntc mc `ds trbstdrnds bhcavds. -mctcrflnbmds  trbstdrnds mcvænau`ds. `b adfunlabalñn5 cn c` adntcxtd mc - trbstdrnds mc `b pcrsdnb`lmbm5 hdrfb mc adnlatd. ]rbtbflcntd prd`dnjbmd, psladmlnbflad, jrupd kctcrdjìncds.

 

QCJSNMB AB]CJDYLB Lna`uyc hdrfbs scvcrbs mc pcrturibalñn psæqulab mdnmc sc prcsufc quc cxlstc un hucrtc adfprdflsd ncurdild`ñjlad.

-Bmlaalñn mc sustbnalbs tdxlabs5 adntcxtd jrupb`. - trbstdrnds scvcrds mc` adfpdrtbflcntd y `b pcrsdnb`lmbm. Lna`uyc mcsdrmcncs pslañads. Lntcrvcnaldncs bfp`lbs.

 

]CYACYB AB]CJDYLB -]rbstdrnds pslad`ñjlads bsdalbmds b pcrturibaldncs slabs. Wsladsdfâads. ]rbibed cn cqulpd. -pcrturibaldncs  trbstdrnds pslad`ñjlads bsdalbmds b sdalb`cs. Ycrd `bidrb`, mcscfp`cd fbslvd, fljrbaldncs, cta. - trbstdrnds pslad`ñjlads cn sltubaldncs `lfltcs. Qc bcnmc b `d bjumd mc `bs sltubaldncs mc quc sc daupb. Cxlstc bfcnbzb mc fucrtc, adfd adnscaucnalb arlsls sdalb`. mc unb cnhcrfcmbm slab d mc unb

 

I- prdhunmlmbm mc `bs adnstruaaldncs pcrsdnb`cs Cxbflnbr `b adnstruaalñn mc `b rcb`lmbm drjbnlzbmb pdr c` pbalcntc quc sustcntb c` fb`cstbr. b- cn prlfcr `ujbr cs ncacsbrld lmcnabr `b adnstruaalñn mc fbydr prdhunmlmbm lnvd`uarbmb adn `b mlshunaldnb`lmbm quc mca`brb c` pbalcntc.

 

Nbalflcntd b 9, 1 fcscs 8 fcscs = bòds

Wuicrtbmbmd`csacnalb

 

I- cn scjunmd `ujbr sc trbtb mc rcadrtbr `bs cstruaturbs mc sljnlabalñn sdirc `bs quc sc kb mc trbibebr.

 

a)- nlvc` mc prdacsbflcntd mc `b lnhdrfbalñn L- Ychdab`lzbaldn y/d rcmlrcaaldnb`lzbalñn mc `b btcnalñn. LL- rcmcnlalñn mc `ds mbtds lnjrcsbmds. LLLmc mc `ds`ds braklvds. LX- rca`bslabalñn rccstruaturbalñn csqucfbs nua`cbrcs. X- rccstruaturbalñn jcncrb` mc` slstcfb. L, LL5 tcrbplbs hdab`lzbmbs. Kbstb un fâxlfd mc 8 fcscs. LLL, LX5 tcrbplbs lntcrfcmlbs5 cntrc 8 y 17 fcscs. X5 tcrbplb bilcrtb. Qln `lfltc mc cfpd.

 

9- vbrlbi`cs sltubaldnb`cs m) Cxpcatbvbs Cxpcatbvbs mc mc abfild5 fcmld fcmld y ncs ]cncr cn aucntb5 - @b rc`balñn quc c` pbalcntc pucmc cstbi`cacr cntrc fcmlds y ncs. Arcmlil`lmbm mc` trbtbflcntd, vb`lmcz. -  nd slcfprc `bs cxpcatbvbs mc` pbalcntc sc fbncncn kbstb c` nb` mc` trbtbflcntd. -  `bs cxpcatbvbs mc` pbalcntc, lna`uycn `b vc`dalmbm adn quc supdnc mcicn `djrbrsc. c)- abnmbm y fdmb`lmbm mc `ds rcaursds mlspdnli`cs (lna`uycnmd c` cqulpd tcrbpìuad

lfp`labmd cn `b tbrcb)  

Hcrnânmcz Â`vbrcz Abp. 9 Cnhdqucs trbmlaldnb`cs cn psladtcrbplb

 

2.

Qcj Qcjõn õn c c`` tp tpd d mc prd prdacs acsd d ad adnsl nslmcr mcrbmd bmd mdf mdflnb lnbnc nc cn ``bb jc jcncr ncrbal balñn ñn mc pbd`djæbs.- Mcsmc cstb pcrspcavb, `ds cnhdqucs pucmcn scr psladmlnâflads y adnmuastbs .csqucfb 9, scjõn cnhbacn `b

fdvbalñn c`trbstdrnd. bprcnmlzbec, rcspcavbfcntc, adfd ibsc pbrb `b cxp`labalñn d mc` b) Cnhd Cnhdquc qucss ps pslad ladmln mlnâfl âflads. ads.-- Drl Drljln jlnbmd bmdss cn cc`` ps pslad ladbnâ bnâ`ls `lsls, ls, adnali adnalicn cn c` trbstdrnd adfd lntrbpsæqulad y `d cxp`labn fcmlbntc unb sændfbs klpñtcsls fdvbaldnb`. @dsauyd cxprcsbn adnlatds suiybacntcs y prdhunmds, abrâatcr lnadnsalcntc kbac quc `b pcrsdnb nd pucmb rcvcrr c` sæntdfb cn hdrfb vd`untbrlb.

i) Cnhdquc adnmuastbs.- Wbrb cstds cnhdqucs, c` trbstdrnd cs iâslabfcntc un prdi`cfb mc bprcnmlzbec, mdnmc pbalcntc h uc huc bprcnmlcnmd kâiltds pcreumlalb`cs. @b tcrbplb pbsbc`pdr c` flsfd fcabnlsfd quc `b lnstb`balñn mc adnmuatbs adnmua tbs ndrfb`cs, cs mcalr, c` adnmlaldnbflcntd, quc pcrfltc lfp`bntbr alcrtbs rcspucstbs hrcntc b mctcrflnbmds csfu`ds. C` sændfb cs sdstcnlmd pdr rchucrzds quc dpcrbn cn prcscntc, auyb rcbpbrlalñn adnstbntc adn stbntc mb aucntb mc `d rcpcvd mc`c`sæntdfb.

 

9. Qcjõn c` jrbmd mc pbrtalpbalñn rc`btvb mc` lnmlvlmud d mc` adncxd cn `b jcncrbalñn mc pbd`djæbs.-

b)Cnhdqucs kufbnæsad-cxlstcnalb`cs.- Qc cxcnmcn mcsmc `b dirb mc @. Ilnswbnjcr (2